Microchip Technology G2M5477 Wi-Fi Module User Manual G2C547 Data Sheet

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Document Title	G2C547 Data Sheet
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Document Author:	G2 Microsystems Inc.

G2M5477
Preliminary Data Sheet
Document Version 0.14a
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
Disclaimer
About this Data Sheet
While the information provided in this document is
believed to be accurate, it is under development and G2
Microsystems reserves the right to make changes without
further notice to the product described herein to improve
reliability, function, or design, and makes no guarantee or
warranty concerning the accuracy of said information, nor
shall it be responsible for any loss or damage of whatever
nature resulting from the use of, or reliance upon, such
information. G2 Microsystems makes no warranties of any
kind, whether express, implied or arising by custom or
course of trade or performance, and specifically disclaims
the implied warranties of title, non infringement, merchantability, or of fitness for a particular purpose.
This document is intended for:
No part of this document may be copied, reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or
by any means, electronic, mechanical, photographic, or
otherwise, or used as the basis for manufacture or sale of
any items without the prior written consent of G2 Microsystems.
Icon developers planning to use a host processor
to communicate with the G2M5477 Icon software
over a serial interface.
G2M5477 developers planning to develop custom
applications for the module.
This document provides preliminary information on the
G2M5477 Module from G2 Microsystems. Separate
documents should be read in conjunction with this data
sheet.
Icon developers should read the Icon Programmer's
Reference Manual [1] and the Icon API Reference, [2].
G2M5477 developers should read the G2C547
Programmer's Reference Manual [3], and G2C547 Application Programming Interface Reference [4] documents.
See Chapter 13, References, for details of reference
documents.
Organization
Trademarks
G2 Microsystems and the G2 logo are trademarks of G2
Microsystems. Wi-Fi, WMM and Wi-Fi Alliance are registered trademarks of the Wi-Fi Alliance. G2 Microsystems
is a member of the Wi-Fi alliance. Other trademarks in this
document belong to their respective companies.
This data sheet is organized into the following chapters:
Chapter 1, General Description – overview
Chapter 2, Features – features and benefits
Chapter 3, Block Diagram
system-level description
Chapter 4, Functional Description
Chapter 5, Interface, Connections and Mechanical
Chapter 6, Electrical Specifications – absolute
maximum ratings, operating conditions, power consumption, and package thermal data
Chapter 7, RF Performance
Chapter 8, Firmware Features
Chapter 9, Application Information
Chapter 10, Qualification
Chapter 11, Design Guidelines
Contacting us
Chapter 12, Development Kit
Via email: info@g2microsystems.com
Chapter 13, References
Via the web: www.g2microsystems.com
Chapter 15, Revision History and Glossary
document history, and acronyms, abbreviations,
and units of measure used in this data sheet
Copyright © 2008 G2 Microsystems, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Document Number: DS-0008
Icon Version: 0.1.0
Release Date: February 2009.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
Document Version 0.14a
G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Contents
General Description ............................. 4
Features ................................................ 5
2.1
Benefits ................................................................5
Block Diagram ...................................... 6
3.1
3.2
Power ..................................................................7
System Power States ..........................................7
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
Asleep (low-power) ............................................................. 7
Awake ................................................................................. 7
Dozing ................................................................................. 7
Waking Up ........................................................................... 7
Force Awake ....................................................................... 7
Module Resets .....................................................7
Brownout Detection ............................................................. 8
EMC Resilience (IEC 61000-4-2) ........................................ 8
Functional Description ........................ 9
4.1
4.2
PMU and NVM .....................................................9
The CPU ..............................................................9
4.2.1
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.7.1
4.7.2
4.7.3
4.7.4
4.8
4.8.1
4.8.2
General Purpose I/O ........................................................... 9
Wi-Fi Network Interface .......................................9
Wi-Fi MAC/PHY ................................................................ 10
Cryptographic Accelerator ................................................. 10
2.4 GHz Radio ................................................................... 10
Sensor Interface ................................................10
Magnetic Receiver .............................................10
RFID (EPC) Transceiver ....................................10
Serial Interfaces .................................................11
User UART ........................................................................ 11
DMA UART ....................................................................... 11
SPI Master ........................................................................ 11
SDIO Client ....................................................................... 11
Physical Dimensions ......................................... 17
Electrical Specifications .....................18
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
Absolute Maximum Ratings .............................. 18
Recommended Operating Conditions ............... 18
Package Thermal Specifications ....................... 18
Digital Pin Parameters ...................................... 19
Control Signal Parameters ................................ 19
Power Consumption .......................................... 19
6.6.1
6.6.2
6.6.3
Asleep ............................................................................... 19
Awake ............................................................................... 20
Wakeup Timing and Energy Considerations ..................... 20
6.7
6.8
Sensor Interface ................................................ 20
External Power Supplies ................................... 20
RF Performance ..................................21
7.1
2.4 GHz Radio ................................................... 21
7.1.1
7.1.2
7.1.3
2.4 GHz Synthesizer .......................................................... 21
Wi-Fi Receiver ................................................................... 21
Wi-Fi Transmitter ............................................................... 21
Firmware Features ..............................22
Application Information ......................23
10 Qualification ........................................24
11 Design Guidelines ...............................25
12 Development Kit ..................................26
13 References ...........................................27
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
Icon Developers ................................................ 27
G2M5477 Developers ....................................... 27
MDK Users ........................................................ 27
Standards and Excellence ................................ 27
Power Supplies ..................................................11
14 Compliance ..........................................29
3.3V Voltage Regulation ................................................... 11
Use with Supercapacitors ................................................. 12
14.1 FCC Compliance ............................................... 29
Interface, Connections and Mechanical
13
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
Pin Types ...........................................................13
G2M5477 Module Pins ......................................13
Pin Grouping ......................................................15
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
14.1.1
14.1.2
14.1.3
14.1.4
Troubleshooting ................................................................ 29
Conditions ......................................................................... 29
Markings ............................................................................ 29
FCC Warning .................................................................... 29
15 Revision History and Glossary ..........30
Document Version 0.14a
G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
General Description
General Description
The G2M5477 is a complete Wi-Fi and networking
solution incorporating an RF power amplifier and antenna,
a 32-bit CPU, operating system, TCP/IP network stack,
crypto accelerator, power management subsystem, realtime clock and versatile sensor interface. The module
enables designers to rapidly embed Wi-Fi and networking
functionality into virtually any device. It is compatible with
standard pick-and-place equipment.
Ultra-low power usage and flexible power management
maximize lifetime in battery-operated devices. A wide
operating temperature range allows use in indoor and
outdoor environments.
G2M5477 developers have access to feature-rich analog
and digital interfaces that allow for straightforward
connection of environmental sensors and external control.
The G2M5477 is suitable for applications in areas such as:
Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS)
Wireless Audio
Industrial and Home Automation
Health and Fitness Monitoring
Telemetry
Security
At the core of the module is the G2C547 SoC, which
includes a SPARC V8 processor, and on-board ROM
containing the eCos operating system, LWIP TCP/IP
protocol suite, security software and hardware drivers.
The module includes 8Mbits of flash memory. On reset,
the G2C547 loads an application from flash memory into
on-board RAM and executes the program. G2M5477
developers are provided with at least 64Kbytes of RAM for
application code and supporting data structures.
The host to module UART interface runs at 115200 bps by
default. Ten GPIO ports provide general purpose digital
input and output. The GPIO ports can be driven by the
CPU or mapped for other purposes. Eight sensor pins
provide analog input and output, allowing the connection
of external sensors and outputs from internal sources
such as the auxiliary DAC.
The module provides an internal Wi-Fi antenna and
provides a U.FL connection for an external antenna.
When in low-power sleep mode the module minimizes
battery usage, but is still able to respond to certain events,
including internal timers and events on the sensor and
RFID interfaces. Applications that make efficient use of
the sleep state can extend battery life to multiple years.
As the module is capable of independently maintaining a
low-power wireless network connection, the G2M5477 is
suitable for Wi-Fi enabled remote controls, headphones,
portable Internet radios, toys and other battery-operated
devices. Even in mains-powered devices, the G2M5477
provides cost and time-to-market benefits as a selfcontained Internet-enabling solution. It can communicate
data over any existing Wi-Fi infrastructure using industry
standard protocols. The G2M5477 has an operating
temperature range from -30°C to +85°C.
The G2M5477 comes pre-programmed with Icon, a fullfeatured application that provides a host microcontroller
with access to Wi-Fi and networking functionality via a
serial communication interface. G2 provides the complete
source for a host driver. With a few simple API calls to the
driver, a host microcontroller can use the module to
connect to a Wi-Fi network and communicate data via
standard internet protocols.
When awake, the module can run multi-threaded eCos
applications and exchange data via the Wi-Fi interface.
The G2M5477 can interface to an inexpensive 8- or 16-bit
microprocessor, reducing the system cost of applications
with moderate processing requirements.
The G2M5477 is ideal for the vast range of applications
that require long battery life, moderate processing power,
moderate data throughput and occasional Wi-Fi connectivity.
The G2M5477 is certifiable for FCC modular approval for
use in the Unites States, and CE approval for use in
Europe and other countries (certification expected by
February 2009).
The G2M5477 module has been designed to provide
designers with a simple Wi-Fi solution: ease of integration
and programming, vastly reduced development time,
minimum system cost, long battery life and maximum
value in a range of applications.
Alternatively, G2M5477 developers can build applications
using the G2C547 API, which provides lower level access
to the RFID and sensor capabilities of the module.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
Document Version 0.14a
G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Features
Features
Wi-Fi
• Auxiliary 8-bit DAC
• Complete 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.11b/g Wi-Fi transceiver
• Low-power interface for monitoring push-buttons, accelerometers, security seals and motion sensors
• 802.11i security suite with WEP-40, WEP-104, WPAv1-PSK,
WPA2-PSK, and WPA transitional modes
• High throughput - 4 Mbit/s sustained TCP/IP with WPA2
• Wi-Fi certifiable with support for WPA2 Enterprise, WMM QoS
and WMM Power Save
Power Usage and Management
• Ultra-low-power sleep state, in which a range of wake reasons
can be detected
• Keep alive doze state with instant transition to wake state
• On-board power regulators operate from alkaline, lithium
manganese, lithium iron disulphide and other battery types
• Transitions from asleep to CPU-active in 1.7ms; CPU active to
network connection in less than 35ms (typ)
• Consumes 4uA current when asleep, 90mW power with Wi-Fi
enabled
CPU
• User-programmable 32-bit SPARC V8 clocked at 44 MHz
Physical
• On-board ROM contains eCos operating system, LWIP
TCP/IP suite, security software and drivers
• Operates from -30°C to +85°C
• Available in trays suitable for standard pick-and-place
machines
Interfaces
• Physical dimensions: 20mm x 37mm x 3.7 mm
• Up to 10 general-purpose I/Os (GPIOs)
• SPI master, SDIO client (with SD-SPI slave mode), and UART
interfaces
EMC Resilient
• IEC-61000-4-2: unattended recovery from EMC shocks in
hostile electromagnetic environments
Software
• Includes Icon software providing a serial-API UART interface
to a wide range of functions, including secure Wi-Fi authentication and network operations such as DHCP, DNS, UDP and
TCP/IP.
2.1
RFID (EPC) and RTLS
• EPCglobal Class 1 Generation-2 transceiver, with both read
and write capability
Benefits
• Multi-year battery life
• Industry-leading Wi-Fi power consumption
• ISO 24730-2 compliant 2.4GHz DSSS transmitter and FSK
magnetic receiver
• Design is complete, avoiding RF design and layout issues
Protocols
• Uses existing Wi-Fi and EPC RFID infrastructure for low TCO
• Supports Cisco CCX-tag protocols
• Hosted architecture - For G2M5477 developers, a full network
stack on-board enables development of a low system-cost
wireless internet product
• Supports Internet protocols including UDP, TCP and HTTP via
the included LWIP stack
Sensor Interface
• 14-bit ADC offering 35us conversion time with 0.01% linearity
for analog transducers such as temperature and humidity
sensors
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
• Ships pre-calibrated and pre-tested, avoiding expensive NRE
for calibration and production test procedures
• Supports a client architecture with an external 8- or 16-bit host
microcontroller for shortest development time and lowest
system cost
• Pre-loaded with Icon software offering simple Wi-Fi connectivity
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Block Diagram
Block Diagram
Figure 3-1: G2M5477 Architecture
G2M5477
Optional external antenna
through U.FL connector
On-board
antenna
2.4GHz Rx (802.11)
PA
2.4GHz Tx
(802.11)
G2C547
AO Domain
3.3V Domain
1.3V Domain
PMU
ADC
Timers
CPU
2.4 GHz
PA
2.4 GHz Radio
2KB NVM
Sensors: optional
external
components for
motion detection,
temperature
measurement,
magnetic receiver,
etc.
Sensor
Interface
802.11b/g
MAC/PHY
ROM
Mag Rx
Crystal Oscillator
Crypto
accelerator
SDIO
SPI
DMA_
UART_RX
40 MHz Oscillator
1.3V Power Supply
3.3V Power
Supply
3V3 Boost
Regulator
40 MHz Xtal
Battery
The core of the G2M5477 module is the G2C547 chip,
designed with three separate power domains to provide
lower power consumption and flexible power
management. A single battery, via on-board voltage
regulation, supplies power to the three parts of the chip as
shown in Figure 3-1:
1. The Always On (“AO”) domain is continuously
powered, and provides a small number of essential
functions which are always available.
2. The 1.3V domain is powered as required from a buck
regulator, and provides the core functionality of the
G2M5477.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
I/O
DMA_
UART_TX
1V3 Buck
Regulator
32.768 kHz Xtal
Flash
memory
GPIO
inc
User
UART
GPIO
EPC/RFID
Sensor
power
ISO 24730-2
RAM
SPImaster
interface
3V3 Boost
Enable
3. The 3.3V domain is powered as required, from a boost
regulator or directly from the battery, and supplies the
I/O pins, supply outputs and the 2.4GHz power
amplifier.
When only the AO is powered, the module is asleep.
When the 1.3V domain is also powered, the module is
awake. The 3.3V domain is enabled only when the module
is awake.
For more details of the chip architecture, see the G2C547
Datasheet, [5].
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Block Diagram
3.1
Power
The G2M5477 can be powered by an external regulator or
a range of batteries. The module includes a 3.3V Boost
Regulator, for use with batteries that supply a voltage
lower than 3.0V.
3.2
System Power States
The G2M5477 operates in one of two main power states:
asleep, in which the module has limited functionality
(enough to detect wake events) but very low battery drain,
and awake, in which all of the functionality of the module
is available (in particular the operating system, eCos, is
running) and battery drain is higher. Additionally, while
awake the CPU can put itself into a doze state, where the
1.3V domain stays up, but the CPU clock is suspended
(until a wake event happens).
3.2.1
Asleep (low-power)
When asleep, only the AO domain is powered, and the
PMU controls operation. This is the low-power state of the
G2M5477, in which it draws only microwatts of power. The
CPU and all other components of the 1.3V domain are
unavailable (and do not maintain their internal state).
Within the AO domain, the RFID and Magnetic receivers
can be enabled as required, at the expense of increased
power consumption.
The functions available when asleep are simple - mostly
detecting reasons to wake the CPU:
decrement timers and detect expiry
detect state change of the switch sensors
monitor the sampled comparator and detect when
external parameters pass preset thresholds
detect motion via the motion sensor
receive and act on magnetic receiver data
receive and act on RFID reader commands
respond to assertion of the FORCE_AWAKE pin
respond to battery brownout (low voltage)
respond to IEC-61000-4-2 EMC events
3.2.2
Load and execute programs from flash memory
Use the Wi-Fi radio
Read and write flash memory
Read and write NVM
Encrypt and decrypt data
Go to sleep
Transmit ISO 24730-2 data (DSSS and FSK/OOK)
Take measurements using the sensor interface
Use the GPIO, SPI, SDIO, and UART interfaces
Configure PMU: RFID, mag receiver, sensors, etc.
3.2.3
Section 6.6, Power Consumption shows the power used
by the module in each of these states.
3.2.4
Waking Up
A wake event received when the module is asleep wakes
the module. When a wake event occurs, the CPU boots
the eCos operating system from ROM, loads an application from flash memory and executes it.
Force Awake
For debugging and development, the G2M5477 may be
‘forced awake’ by asserting the FORCE_AWAKE pin for at
least 245us. This generates a non-maskable wake-event.
While the FORCE_AWAKE pin remains asserted the
module is prevented from sleeping or dozing.
3.3
When awake, the 1.3V domain is powered (as well as the
AO domain), and the 40 MHz oscillator runs. On waking,
the module boots the eCos operating system from ROM,
after which the CPU loads and executes a user application
Dozing
When awake, the module may doze - in which the 1.3V
domain remains powered but the CPU is not clocked. The
module uses less power in this state than when awake,
and can respond very quickly to interrupt sources (the
module wakes from doze in 45ns, compared to milliseconds to wake from sleep). All memory and register
contents are preserved while the module is dozing.
3.2.5
Awake
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
from Flash memory. At this point all functionality of the
module is available, in addition to that available when
asleep. The module can:
Module Resets
The G2M5477 is reset by any of the following events:
• An internal power-on reset, generated automatically when
power is supplied. This is intended for initializing the module
when a new battery is connected;
• An external power-on reset, generated by pulling the
RESET_L pin low;
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Block Diagram
• A software power-on reset, generated from software; or
• A reset triggered by a critical event, which can be:
— a brownout, generated if the supply voltage drops below the
minimum operating voltage; or
— an IEC-61000 EMC consistency failure.
When the G2M5477 wakes from a brownout-induced
shutdown, the cause of the shutdown is indicated to the
CPU. The application can then select the appropriate
response.
3.3.2
3.3.1
Brownout Detection
The G2M5477 includes a brownout detector to hold the
module in reset if the battery voltage falls below the
minimum operating voltage.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
EMC Resilience (IEC 61000-4-2)
The G2M5477 protects a number of critical internal configuration registers with logic to detect corruption from an
EMC event. If such an internal inconsistency is detected,
a non-maskable critical event resets the module.
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Functional Description
Functional Description
The subsystems of the G2M5477 are:
• The Power Management Unit (PMU), which controls the
module when asleep and aggregates all interrupts and wake
reasons to the CPU whether awake or asleep. The NVM
provides always-on memory that is accessible by both the
PMU and (when awake) the CPU.
• The CPU, which executes the operating system and user
applications, from which the rest of the module is configured
and controlled, including the PMU.
• The Wi-Fi interface, including the ISO 24730-2 transmitter
• The cryptographic accelerator
• The ISO 24730-2 magnetic receiver
• The RFID transceiver
• The sensor interface
• The digital interfaces - SPI, SDIO client, User and DMA UART
• Oscillators and power supplies
PMU and NVM
The PMU manages the oscillators and power supplies,
controls the G2M5477 when asleep, and aggregates all
interrupts to the CPU whether awake or asleep. When
asleep, the interrupts collected by the PMU also act as
potential wake events - waking the module from sleep.
The PMU monitors wake events from the AO timers, the
sensor interface, RFID and the ISO 24730-2 magnetic
receiver. Current loop sensors can be used to wake on
voltage changes on SDIO or User UART lines. Although
the PMU controls the G2M5477 while asleep, and
manages the power state transitions between asleep,
awake, and doze, its configuration comes from the CPU.
The term NVM is used in this context to refer to memory in
the Always On domain. Memory contents are lost when
power is disconnected.
An NVM backup is maintained in flash memory and loaded
automatically on power-up.
4.2
The CPU
The CPU is a SPARC V8 32-bit design, clocked at 44 MHz.
On waking, the CPU boots the eCos operating system
from ROM. The boot code then loads an application from
external flash memory into RAM and executes it.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
4.2.1
General Purpose I/O
The module has ten GPIO pins, each of which can be
driven by the CPU, or from a secondary function such as
the SDIO client or User UART. Pins GPIO_10 and
GPIO_11 are used for the User UART, as indicated in
Table 5-2. Up to four GPIO pins can be configured as
edge or level-sensitive interrupt sources. These are active
only when the CPU is awake.
As of release 0.0.1 of the Icon software, only GPIO_10
and GPIO_11 are available for use as a User UART
interface. Future versions of Icon will provide general read
and write access to GPIO pins.
• IEC-61000-4-2 EMC recovery, and brownout detector
4.1
Developers writing applications for the module are
provided with the ability to debug applications, program
the flash, and control the module with the DMA UART. The
DMA UART connects to the G2C547 Debug UART. See
the G2C547 PRM, [3], for further details on the G2C547
Debug UART.
G2M5477 developers have unlimited access to GPIO
functionality.
4.3
Wi-Fi Network Interface
The Wi-Fi Network Interface provides all functions
necessary to connect to, and communicate with, a
standard 802.11b/g Wi-Fi network. The Wi-Fi interface
consists of:
• A firmware API in ROM that includes functions for channel
scan, connection, communications, and PHY layer
management.
• An 802.11b/g MAC and baseband PHY.
• A 2.4GHz radio transceiver.
• A cryptographic accelerator to assist with Wi-Fi security.
• An ISO-24730-2 2.4GHz transmitter. Although not part of WiFi, the ISO-24730-2 transmitter shares the Wi-Fi 2.4GHz
Transmit radio path.
Icon developers have access to the Wi-Fi Network
Interface via a high-level API that issues commands over
the serial interface. Example API functions include
g2_start_scan,
g2_set_ssid,
g2_conn_connect,
g2_conn_send, g2_conn_receive, etc. Refer to the Icon
Programmer's Reference Manual, [1], for further information.
G2M5477 developers have access to lower level functions
in the G2C547 ROM via a firmware API. Refer to the
G2C547 PRM, [3], for further details.
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Functional Description
4.3.1
Wi-Fi MAC/PHY
The G2M5477 Wi-Fi MAC/PHY plus API provides a
complete solution for Wi-Fi compliant 802.11b/g
operation. It supports DCF and peer-to-peer operation,
with a wide range of security suites - including WEP, TKIP,
WPA1, and WPA2-PSK. See the G2C547 Programmer’s
Reference Manual, [3], for details of the Wi-Fi API.
4.3.2
As of release 0.0.1, Icon support for the sensor interface
is limited to using SENSOR_0 to generate a wake-onserial event to wake the module from low-power sleep
mode. To enable this functionality, a resistive-divider
should be externally connected as shown below.
Figure 4-1: SENSOR_0 resistive divider
Cryptographic Accelerator
USER_UART_RX
The cryptographic subsystem provides hardware acceleration for AES-128, RC4, MD5, SHA-1, CRC-32, and TKIP
‘Michael’.
22k
SENSOR_0
The AES-128 block provides 128-bit AES encryption in
Electronic Code Book (ECB), Counter, and Cipher-Block
Chaining (CBC) modes. All other common AES modes
can be created using ECB mode.
10k
For further information on the use of the cryptographic
accelerator, see the G2C547 Programmer’s Reference
Manual, [3].
G2M5477 developers are provided with access via API
calls to the entire sensor interface functionality.
4.3.3
4.5
2.4 GHz Radio
A 2.4 GHz radio transceiver that includes a 2.4 GHz
synthesizer is used for Wi-Fi and ISO 24730-2 operation.
The reference for the synthesizer is the on-board 40 MHz
crystal.
4.4
Sensor Interface
The sensor interface provides:
four switch sensors
a motion sensor for use with external ball-in-tube
a pulsed comparator
an auxiliary DAC
an ADC - the Sampled Measurement Unit (SMU)
a current generator, for measurement purposes
When asleep, the sensor interface can be used to detect
events such as a switch opening or closing, motion, or an
analog voltage moving outside a preset window. When
awake, the SMU can digitize analog signals (e.g. audio)
and make high-precision analog measurements.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
The magnetic receiver receives and decodes ISO-247302-encoded data. It supports up to three axes, automatically searching for an axis that provides valid data.
The receiver can be configured to wake the module in a
variety of different ways. These options simplify software
design and reduce power consumption to extend battery
life.
To use the magnetic receiver, G2M5477 developers must
purchase a software development kit from G2 Microsystems.
4.6
The switch sensors, motion sensor, and pulsed
comparator are all in the AO domain, and available when
awake or asleep; the SMU ADC is in the 1.3V domain and
available only when awake. The sensor elements share
the eight sensor interface pins.
10
Magnetic Receiver
RFID (EPC) Transceiver
The AO domain contains an EPCglobal Generation-2
Class-1 RFID transceiver. This transceiver can receive
and decode the full set of EPC Generation 2 Class 1
mandatory commands, in North American, European and
Asian radio frequency bands (860-960MHz). The RFID
interface can be used to read from and write to NVM. It
supports one or two external antennas.
To use the RFID EPC transceiver, G2M5477 developers
must purchase a software development kit from G2 Microsystems.
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Functional Description
4.7
Serial Interfaces
• Full-duplex synchronous serial data transfer
• Variable length of transfer word up to 128 bits
The G2M5477 has four serial interfaces:
• MSB first data transfer
• A standard User UART.
• Rx and Tx on rising or falling edge of serial clock independently
• A high-speed DMA UART (also referred to as the Debug
UART in G2C547 documentation)
• SPI clock speed configurable from 86kHz to 44MHz
• A SPI master
Note that the 3.3V supply powers the SPI I/O pins. The
cautions in Section 6.1 regarding external drive to the
GPIO pins apply to the SPI pins.
• An SDIO client including a SPI-slave
4.7.1
User UART
The User UART interface can support 2 and 4-line UART
protocols. The G2M5477 logic levels do not match those
of the RS232 standard, so external-level translators are
required to meet the RS-232 UART standard. Hardware
support is included for RTS, CTS, SRX, and STX
functions.
The UART interface supports baud rates of 2400, 4800,
9600, 19200, 38400, 115200 & 230400 bit/s.
A note for developers interfacing with Icon: the User UART
is the only serial interface supported by Icon version 0.1.0.
The Icon-supported configuration for the UART is 2-wire
115200 bit/s, 8-N-1. Refer to the Icon Programmer's
Reference Manual, [1], for further information.
4.7.2
DMA UART
The DMA_UART_TX and DMA_UART_RX pins provide a
high-speed DMA UART interface to the G2M5477 and a
debug interface to the G2C547 CPU.
The high-speed DMA UART interface will be available for
use in a future release of the Icon software.
G2M5477 developers typically do not connect the DMA
UART Interface in the final product. Rather, this interface
is the primary debug interface during development. The
DMA UART interface is described in greater detail in the
G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual, [3], where it is
referred to as the CPU Debug interface.
4.7.3
4.7.4
The SPI master interface is used principally to access on
board flash memory. It can also be used to drive additional
SPI devices. The dedicated SPI chip-select output is
connected only to the on-board flash memory and is
controlled directly from hardware. A secondary hardware
controlled SPI chip select output can be mapped to any
one of the module GPIO pins. Further SPI devices can be
supported by using GPIO pins as chip-selects under
software control.
The SPI interface features:
11
SDIO Client
An SDIO client interface supporting SD-SPI, SD-1 and
SD-4 modes provides a high speed data interface to the
G2M5477, operating at up to 100Mbit/s. The SDIO client
supports a single function - “Function 1” - a memory
interface. The interface is overlaid on GPIO-4 through
GPIO-9. A FIFO provides buffering between an external
device and G2M5477 system RAM.
To use the SDIO interface to communicate with an
external microprocessor, G2M5477 developers must
purchase a software development kit from G2 Microsystems.
4.8
Power Supplies
The G2M5477 is designed to operate from a wide range
of batteries including alkaline, lithium manganese dioxide,
lithium-thionyl chloride, nickel-metal hydride, nickelcadmium and lithium iron disulphide (Energizer Lithium
AA-size 1.5V: http://data.energizer.com/PDFs/l91.pdf).
The AO domain is powered continuously by on-board
linear regulation of the battery voltage, which must remain
in the range 2.0 V to 3.7 V.
4.8.1
SPI Master
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
To use the SPI master interface to control external SPIslave devices, G2M5477 developers must purchase a
software development kit from G2 Microsystems.
3.3V Voltage Regulation
The 3.3V voltage regulation topology depends on the
battery chemistry and arrangement used to power the
G2M5477. A battery that provides less than 3.0 V over its
lifetime requires the module boost regulator to be enabled
by
shorting
the
3V3_REG_CTRL_IN
and
3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT pins, as shown in the circuit of
Figure 4-2.
Warning: The boost regulator must not be operated
above 3.3 V. Figure 4-2 is not suitable for a battery with
output voltage greater than 3.3 V
Document Version 0.14a
G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Functional Description
A battery that supplies a voltage greater than 3.0V over its
lifetime can drive the module directly, as in Figure 4-3.
Figure 4-3: Power Supply for Battery 3.0 V to 3.7 V
Figure 4-2: Power Supply for Battery 2.0 V to 3.3 V
VDD_BATT (20)
VDD_BATT (20)
Battery
3.0 to 3.7V
1 uH
VDD_3V3_IN (21)
Battery
2.0 to 3.3V
VDD_3V3_IN (21)
SL12
Schottky
3V3_REG_CTRL_IN (18)
20 uF
Boost Regulator
3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT (17)
3V3_REG_CTRL_IN (18)
Siliconix
Si2312DS
Inside
G2M5477
Module
Short to
enable Boost
Regulator
Outside
G2M5477
Module
3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT (17)
Inside
G2M5477
Module
4.8.2
Outside
G2M5477
Module
Use with Supercapacitors
The G2M5477 can be powered by a lithium coin cell. Coin
cells are unable to provide the high currents required
when the module is awake, so a suitable supercapacitor
must be used to provide these currents. Some supercapacitors use two lower-voltage supercapacitors in series.
The G2M5477 provides a SUPERCAP_BALANCE pin to
share the balance across these capacitors. This pin
divides the supply voltage to avoid damaging stresses to
the supercapacitor. The pin consumes a lower quiescent
current than would be consumed by a pair of resistors.
The Icon software imposes a power requirement that
cannot be met by a lithium coin cell and supercapacitor.
To use a lithium coin cell and supercapacitor power
supply, G2M5477 developers must purchase a software
development kit from G2 Microsystems and develop a
custom application that does not exceed the power limitations of the supply.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
12
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Interface, Connections and Mechanical
Interface, Connections and Mechanical
The following sections discuss pin groupings, pin types, and pin descriptions. Connections with G2C547 pins are
provided for G2M5477 developers only.
5.1
Pin Types
Table 5-1 introduces the types of pins of the G2M5477.
There are several kinds of pins:
• The pins of the general-purpose inputs and outputs GPIO[0..14], the SPI bus interface (SPI_MOSI etc.), and the DMA UART
(referred to as the “digital” pins).
• RESET_L (referenced to VDD_BATT).
• FORCE_AWAKE (a control input to the AO domain).
• The sensor interface pins (SENSOR_IF[0..7] and the RFID antenna pins
• RF connector.
• Power
Table 5-1: Pin Types
Type
Description
Gnd
Ground.
Digital input with ~83K pull-down. 3.3V tolerant
Pull-down
Digital input/output (bidirectional) 8mA drive, ~83K pull-down. 3.3V tolerant
Pull-down
Digital input/output (bidirectional) 24mA drive, no pull-down. 3.3V tolerant
Digital output, 8mA drive, ~83K pull-down. 3.3V tolerant
Pull-down
Digital output, 8mA drive, no pull-down. 3.3V tolerant
Power. Power pins are used to supply power and to control the power supply configuration
I/O
I/O-24
A-1v2
Analog. 1.2V tolerant.
A-3v3
Analog, 3.3V tolerant
RF
5.2
Reset
State
RF input and output. Impedance 50 Ohms
Control input. 3.3V tolerant
G2M5477 Module Pins
Table 5-2: G2M5477 Module Pins
Pin
Name
4436
Function
Type, Voltage
Icon
G2C547 Pin Connection
Support
Ground
Gnd, 0V
Power
35
NC
34
SENSOR_0
Sensor interface. Icon supports
SENSOR_0 for wake-on-serial
33
SENSOR_POWER
32
SENSOR_3
Yes
SENSOR_IF0
Voltage output from module for pow- A-3v3, 1.2-3.3V
ering external sensors
Noc
POWER_SENSORS
Sensor interface
Noa
SENSOR_IF3
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
A-1v2, 1.2V max
GND_SLUG
A-1v2, 1.2V max
13
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Interface, Connections and Mechanical
Table 5-2: G2M5477 Module Pins
Pin
Name
Function
Type, Voltage
Icon
G2C547 Pin Connection
Support
31
SENSOR_2
Sensor interface
A-1v2, 1.2V max
Noa
SENSOR_IF2
A-1v2, 1.2V max
No
SENSOR_IF1
I/O-24, 3.3V
No
GPIO_4
I/O-24, 3.3V
Nob
GPIO_5
I/O-24, 3.3V
Nob
GPIO_6
I/O-24, 3.3V
No
GPIO_7
I/O-24, 3.3V
Nob
GPIO_8
I/O, 3.3V
Nob
GPIO_9
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
SENSOR_1
GPIO_4
GPIO_5
GPIO_6
GPIO_7
GPIO_8
GPIO_9
DMA_UART_RX
Sensor interface
GPIO
GPIO
GPIO
GPIO
GPIO
GPIO
DMA Serial UART RX
I, 3.3V
No
CPU_DEBUG_RX
Noc
CPU_DEBUG_TX
22
DMA_UART_TX
DMA Serial UART TX
T, 3.3V
21
VDD_3V3_IN
3.3V power
Power
Do not connect when boost regulator is in
use.
Input, 3.0-3.7V when boost regulator is not
used.
VDD_3V3_RING
20
VDD_BATT
Battery input
voltage
Power
2.0-3.3V when boost regulator is in use.
3.0-3.7V when boost regulator is not used.
VDD_BATT_DIRTY
19
GND
Ground
Gnd, 0V
Power
18
3V3_REG_CTRL_
IN
3V3 boost regulator switch control
input
C, Connect to 3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT to Power
enable boost regulator
Connect to GND to disable boost regulator
17
3V3_REG_CTRL_
OUT
3V3 boost regulator switch control
output
A-1v2, Connect to 3V3_REG_CTRL_IN to Power
enable boost regulator
Leave unconnected to disable boost regulator
16
SPI_MISO
SPI master data in
I, 3V3
15
SPI_SCLK
SPI clock
O, 3V3
SREG_3V3_CTRL
Noc
SPI_MISO
No
SPI_SCLK
SPI_MOSI
14
SPI_MOSI
SPI master data out
O, 3V3
No
13
USER_UART_TX
User UART Tx (GPIO_10)
I/O, 3.3V
Yes
GPIO_10
12
USER_UART_RX
User UART Rx (GPIO_11)
I/O, 3.3V
Yes
GPIO_11
I/O, 3.3V
Nob
GPIO_12
I/O, 3.3V
Nob
GPIO_13
11
10
GPIO_12
GPIO_13
FORCE_AWAKE
GPIO
GPIO
Force the CPU to wake
C, 3.3V
No
FORCE_AWAKE
SUPERCAP_
BALANCE
Balance the centre pin voltage on
stacked supercaps
A-3v3, 3.3V
No
SUPERCAP_
BALANCE
EPC_ANT_B
EPC port B
A-1v2, 1.2V max
Noc
RFID_ANT_B
RFID_ANT_A
EPC_ANT_A
EPC port A
A-1v2, 1.2V max
No
RESET_L
Module reset. Active low
C, 3.3V
Yes
SENSOR_7
SENSOR_5
SENSOR_4
Sensor interface
Sensor interface
Sensor interface
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
A-1v2, 1.2V max
A-1v2, 1.2V max
A-1v2, 1.2V max
14
POWERONRESET_L
No
SENSOR_IF7
No
SENSOR_IF5
No
SENSOR_IF4
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Interface, Connections and Mechanical
Table 5-2: G2M5477 Module Pins
Pin
Name
Function
Type, Voltage
Icon
G2C547 Pin Connection
Support
SENSOR_6
Sensor interface
A-1v2, 1.2V max
Noa
H1
EXTERNAL
ANTENNA
CONNECTOR
U.FL connector
RF
Yes
A1
INTERNAL
ANTENNA
SMT PCB-style Antenna:
antenova Rufa Right: 3030A5887-01
www.antenova.com/?id=744
SENSOR_IF6
Yes
a. Connect to signal ground directly
b. Connect to signal ground via a 10k pulldown resistor
c. Leave disconnected
5.3
Pin Grouping
Power Supply Generation: The G2M5477 supports
a wide range of battery types and 2 power supply
configurations.
Sensors: to external sensors for measuring analog
parameters (e.g. temperature, humidity, shock),
and sensing security seals, motion and other
parameters.
SPI master: connected to the on-board flash memory, the SPI master interface can be used to control
additional SPI-slave devices.
GPIO: to general-purpose digital devices. GPIO
can also control switches, or provide a user UART
and SDIO.
RFID Antennas: up to two ~900MHz antenna for
emulating EPCglobal Generation-2 RFID tags.
RF: to external antennas, Wi-Fi Tx/Rx and ISO
24730-2 Tx.
The interfaces to the G2M5477 consist of:
Debug: reset, control, and DMA UART for highspeed serial and software debug.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
15
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Interface, Connections and Mechanical
Figure 5-1: Pin Logical Grouping
33
NC
SENSOR_POWER
35
18
17
20
21
Not
connected
External Antenna Connector
(U.FL)
2.4 GHz
GPIO[4] / SD_CMD
GPIO[5] / SD_D0
GPIO[6] / SD_D1
GPIO[7] / SD_D2
GPIO[8] / SD_D3
GPIO[9] / SD_CLK
GPIO[10]/USER_UART_TX
GPIO[11]/USER_UART_RX
GPIO[12]
GPIO[13]
SENSOR_0
SENSOR_1
SENSOR_2
SENSOR_3
SENSOR_4
SENSOR_5
SENSOR_6
SENSOR_7
13
12
11
10
34
30
31
32
EPC_ANTENNA_A
EPC_ANTENNA_B
29
28
27
26
25
24
SPI_MISO
SPI_MOSI
SPI_SCLK
16
14
15
SPI Master
RESET_L
Reset
FORCE_AWAKE
DMA_UART_TX
DMA_UART_RX
22
23
Debug/
Highspeed
Serial
G2M5477
Internal Antenna
(SMT PCB-Style Antenna)
RFID
Power Outputs
SUPERCAP_BALANCE
3V3_REG_CTRL_IN
3V3_REG_CTRL_OUT
VDD_BATT
VDD_3V3
Power Supply Generation
GPIO/SDIO
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
GPIO
16
GND
19,
36-44
Sensors
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Interface, Connections and Mechanical
5.4
Physical Dimensions
Figure 5-2: Physical Dimensions
E1
C1
P IN 1
P IN 1 ID E N TIFIE R
d1
D1
C1
A1
C om m on D im en sio ns
(U nits of m easure = m m )
S YM BO L
A1
C1
D1
E1
d1
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
M IN
28.05
18.65
17
NO M
1.2
2.25
0.2
0.4
37
28.1
20
18.7
2.5
M AX
NO T E
28.15
18.5
Document Version 0.14a
G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Electrical Specifications
Electrical Specifications
6.1
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Table 6-1: Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Min.
Vbatt
Typ.
Max.
Units
3.7
2.0
Rfmax – Maximum RF input
10
dBm
VHBM – ESD tolerance, human body model
kV
Input voltage for pins types:
Analog 3V3
Power 3V3
O, T, I, I/O, I/O-24
-0.3
Input voltage for analog pin type:
Analog 1V2
Test Conditions/Comments
To U.FL connector.
See note
Note: The voltage should not exceed 3.7V, and
should be no more than 0.3V greater than the voltage on the VDD_3V3_IN pin. Note that this voltage
changes depending on the state of the module.
Refer to Section 4.8, Power Supplies for a discussion of power supply operation.
See note
TBD
This pad is an RF input or output, and is a DC short
to ground. No voltage should be placed on it.
Input voltage for analog pin type:
RF
Input voltage on control pins
FORCE_AWAKE and RESET_L
-0.3
3.7
Warning: I/O voltages must adhere to Table 6-1 to avoid damage and to Table 6-4 or Table 6.5 as appropriate for correct
operation.
6.2
Recommended Operating Conditions
Table 6-2: Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Test Conditions/Comments
Vbatt – Battery voltage (1)
2.0
3.3
Using power supply configuration of Figure 4-2.
Vbatt – Battery voltage (2)
3.0
3.7
Using power supply configuration of Figure 4-3.
Operating temperature
-30
+85
Applies to all specifications unless otherwise
noted.
Units
Test Conditions/Comments
6.3
Package Thermal Specifications
Table 6-3: Thermal Specifications
Parameter
Package + enclosure thermal resistance
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
Min.
Typ.
20
18
Max.
°C/W
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Electrical Specifications
6.4
Digital Pin Parameters
Table 6-4: Digital Input, Output, Input/Output or Tristate Pin Parameters
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Test Conditions/Comments
IOH – DC pin current output - high
Digital I/O 8mA drive
mA
Output voltage = VDD_3V3_IN – 0.4V.
VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V.
IOL – DC pin current output - low
Digital I/O 8mA drive
mA
Output voltage = 0.4V.
VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V.
IOH – DC pin high current output - high
Digital I/O 24mA drive
24
mA
Output voltage = VDD_3V3_IN – 0.4V.
VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V.
IOL – DC pin high current output - low
Digital I/O 24mA drive
24
mA
Output voltage = 0.4V.
VDD_3V3_IN = 3.0V to 3.7V.
VIH – DC pin input logic level - high
2.3
VIL – DC pin input logic level - low
1.0
VDD_3V3_IN = 3V3
VDD_3V3_IN = 3V3
RGPIO– Pull-down resistance on GPIO 8mA pins
83
k Ohms
ICR – Maximum crowbar current on current loop
sensor inputs
uA
Timing skew on pins GPIO[0..14]
6.5
Input voltage 0-1.2V
ns
Control Signal Parameters
Table 6-5: Control Signal Parameters
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
treset
160
us
Min pulse width for reset assertion
tforce_awake
31
us
Min pulse width for force_awake assertion
Vil (RESET_L)
0.3 Vdd_batt
Vih (RESET_L)
0.5 Vdd_batt
Vil (FORCE_AWAKE)
0.15
0.5
Vih (FORCE_AWAKE)
0.6
1.0
6.6
Power Consumption
6.6.1
Asleep
Units
Test Conditions/Comments
Table 6-6: Power Consumption when ASLEEP (Vbatt=2.75V)
Parameter
Current consumption when asleep; room
temperature.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Current consumption when asleep; full temperature range.
Units
uA
Temperature < 30°C.
RFID and magnetic receiver disabled. 32kHz crystal oscillator disabled, all digital pins pulled to
ground.
uA
Temperature < 85°C.
RFID and magnetic receiver disabled.
When enabled. Note the magnetic receiver is
intended to operate with a 1% duty cycle.
Supply current for magnetic receiver
190
uA
Time for magnetic receiver to wake and check
if signal is present
5.4
ms
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
19
Test Conditions/Comments
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Electrical Specifications
Table 6-6: Power Consumption when ASLEEP (Vbatt=2.75V)
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Test Conditions/Comments
RFID incremental supply current per RFID
antenna.
uA
No reader present, when in ‘listen’ state.
RFID incremental supply current
50
uA
Reader present, RFID receiver in ‘on’ state.
Sampled comparator supply current
uA
When enabled.
32768Hz crystal oscillator supply current
uA
When enabled.
6.6.2
Awake
Table 6-7: Power Consumption when AWAKE (Vbatt=3.3V)
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Program load
70
mW
Program execution
65
mW
Doze
50
mW
Wait for Rx
90
mW
Rx Wi-Fi with CCK/DSSS (1,2,5.5,11 Mbit/s)
125
mW
Rx Wi-Fi with OFDM (6, 9... 54 Mbit/s)
130
mW
Tx Wi-Fi at +18 dBm
700
mW
Tx ISO24730-2 DSSS at +18 dBm
700
mW
6.6.3
Test Conditions/Comments
Does not include power to flash memory.
Averaged over packet of 1023 bytes.
1, 2, 5.5, or 11 Mbit/s.
Wakeup Timing and Energy Considerations
Table 6-8: Wakeup Timing and Energy Consumption
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Test Conditions/Comments
Time from wakeup event to program load
start
ms
Min without boost regulator, and “Fast Boot” mode
Max with boost regulator, and no “Fast Boot”
Energy consumed from wakeup event to program load start
mJ
This includes booting eCos.
Time to load program from flash
6.7
0.25
ms/Kbyte
SPI clock = 44MHz.
Sensor Interface
See the G2C547 Datasheet, [5], for details of the sensor interface.
6.8
External Power Supplies
SENSOR_POWER corresponds to G2C547 POWER_SENSORS. See the G2C547 Datasheet, [5], for details.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
20
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
RF Performance
RF Performance
The G2M5477 is pre-calibrated. No user calibration is required.
7.1
2.4 GHz Radio
7.1.1
2.4 GHz Synthesizer
Table 7-1: Synthesizer Parametric Specifications
Parameter
Value
Channels supported
1-14
ISO-24730 center frequency
7.1.2
Test Conditions/Comments
2441.75 MHz
Wi-Fi Receiver
Table 7-2: Wi-Fi Receiver Performance Specifications
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Condition
-70
dBm
54 Mbit/s
-72
dBm
48Mbit/s
-77
dBm
36 Mbit/s
-79
dBm
24 Mbit/s
-82
dBm
18Mbit/s
-82
dBm
12Mbit/s
-87
dBm
9Mbit/s
-89
dBm
6Mbit/s
-84
dBm
11Mbit/s
-87
dBm
5.5Mbit/s
-89
dBm
2Mbit/s
-90
dBm
1Mbit/s
0.25
dB
dB
Maximum input level for 10% PER
-20
dBm
Input return loss
-12
dB
Receive sensitivity for 10% packet error rate
for 1000 byte packet, measured using a
cabled connection to port H1
RSSI resolution
RSSI variation over temperature and battery
voltage 2V0 - 3V7
7.1.3
802.11b/g specification
Differential input from 2400 to 2500 MHz.
Wi-Fi Transmitter
Table 7-3: Wi-Fi Transmitter Performance Specifications
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Tx Power
+18
dBm
Tx EVM
-28
dB
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
21
Condition
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Firmware Features
Firmware Features
The G2M5477 module comes pre-installed with the Icon
application, which provides a serial interface for
networking functions. For more details see Chapter 9,
Application Information.
The G2C547 firmware provides the infrastructure
required by an application program for a low-power
802.11b/g device.
API features include:
an embedded operating system (eCos)
a TCP/IP stack (LWIP)
start-up code
an application loader
interrupt handling
power saving features
device drivers
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
Icon developers may fulfill all application requirements
using Icon commands. G2M5477 developers requiring
lower level access to the firmware functions should refer
to G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual (PRM), [3],
and G2C547 Application Programming Interface (API)
Reference [4].
22
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Application Information
Application Information
The G2M5477 Module comes pre-installed with Icon, an
application that provides a command line interface to
module functions.
Icon uses the UART interface for communication with the
host controller.
Icon provides commands to handle wireless networking
procedures, including authentication and association,
security and encryption and data transfer using UDP and
TCP protocols.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
23
Icon also provides access to the module high level event
interface, via the eCos operating system. This makes it
unnecessary to perform low-level polling to determine
when to respond to module state changes.
For more details, see Icon Programmer’s Reference
Manual (PRM), [1].
Document Version 0.14a
G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Qualification
10
Qualification
This section is to contain information on:
testing and quality assurance
Operational temperature range qualification
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
ESD resilience
Certification information is separate.
More detail will be provided in a later revision of this
document.
24
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Design Guidelines
11
Design Guidelines
This section is to provide guidelines for incorporating the
G2M5477 module in a customer-designed device. It
covers issues such as:
Pads
Layout
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
Reflowing
How the internal antenna is affected by a nearby
ground plane
More detail will be provided in a later revision of this
document.
25
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Development Kit
12
Development Kit
The G2M5477 Module Development Kit (MDK) provides a
hardware and software platform for testing and developing
G2M5477 applications.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
26
For more information refer to Getting Started with the
G2M5477 MDK, [6].
Document Version 0.14a
G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
References
13
References
Throughout this data sheet, references to other
documents are listed. The following documents provide
additional material:
13.1
Icon Developers
1. Icon Programmer’s Reference Manual (PRM)
G2 Microsystems 2008
2. Icon API Reference
G2 Microsystems 2008
13.2
3. G2C547 Programmer’s Reference Manual (PRM) G2 Microsystems 2008
4. G2C547 Application Programming Interface (API)
Reference - G2 Microsystems 2008
5. G2C547 Datasheet - G2 Microsystems 2008
27
MDK Users
6. Getting Started with the G2M5477 MDK
G2 Microsystems 2008
7. G2M5477 Users Guide
G2 Microsystems 2008
13.4
G2M5477 Developers
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
13.3
Standards and Excellence
8. EPCglobal - Class 1 Generation 2 UHF RFID Protocol
Version 1.09 http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards
9. IEEE Std 802.11 - 2007 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp
10. SPARC V8 Architecture Manual http://www.sparc.org/standards/V8.pdf
Document Version 0.14a
G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
References
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
28
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Compliance
14
Compliance
14.1
FCC Compliance
14.1.3
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with
the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15
of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide
reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses
and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instructions,
may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not
occur in a particular installation.
14.1.1
Markings
To satisfy FCC exterior labeling requirements, the
following text must be placed on the exterior of the end
product.
Contains Module FCC ID: U3O-G2M5477
Any similar wording that expresses the same meaning
may be used.
14.1.4
FCC Warning
Modifications
Troubleshooting
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio
or television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged
to try to correct the interference by one or more of the
following measures:
Modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer
could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment
under FCC Rules.
Radio Frequency Exposure
Table 14-1: Radio Frequency Exposure
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment
and receiver.
Property (Units of Measurement)
Value
Antenna Gain (dBi)
2.0
Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
Numeric Gain (numeric)
1.58
Max Allowable Peak Power (dBm)
+23.76
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV
technician.
Max Allowable Peak Power (mW)
237.7
Calculated Safe Distance at 1
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
14.1.2
Minimum Separation Distance
5.5
20a
a. Note: for mobile or fixed location transmitters the minimum separation distance is 20cm, even if calculations indicate the MPE distance to be less,
Conditions
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
This device may not cause harmful interference
This device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
G2 Microsystems Inc., Copyright 2008
mW/cm2 (cm)
29
This equipment has been evaluated in accordance with
the FCC bulletin 56 “Hazards of radio frequency and
electromagnetic fields” and bulletin 65 “Human exposure
to radio frequency and electromagnetic fields”.
A distance greater than or equal to 20 cm from the
device should be maintained for safe operation in an
uncontrolled environment.
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G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet
Revision History and Glossary
15
Revision History and Glossary
Table 15-1: Document Revision History
Version
Date
Description
0.01
October 2008
First draft
0.02-0.10
November 2008
Corrections and additions
0.11
December 2008
Release
0.12
December 2008
Corrections
Glossary
Table 15-2: Acronyms and Abbreviations (Cont.)
Table 15-2: Acronyms and Abbreviations
Term
Definition
Term
Definition
PMU
ADC
Analog-to-digital converter
Power management unit. A section of the G2M5477 that
controls which parts of the module are active at any
time.
AES
Advanced encryption standard
QFN
Quad-flat no-lead package
AGC
Automatic gain control
RSSI
AO
Always on
Received signal strength indication. Measurement of
signal strength used by wireless systems to estimate
the location of the clients.
API
Application programming interface
RTLS
Real-time locating systems
DAC
Digital to Analog Converter.
Rx
Receive
DCF
Distributed Coordination Function - see 802.11 specification
SHA
Secure hash algorithm
DSSS
Direct sequence spread spectrum
SMU
Sampled measurement unit
EPC
Electronic product code
SoC
System on a chip
FET
Field effect transistor
SPI
Serial peripheral interface. A standard serial interface
used for DRAMs and other components.
FSK
Frequency shift keying
TCO
Total Cost of Ownership
GPIO
General-purpose input/output
TCP/IP
IEEE
802.11b/g
The 802.11b/g standard for wireless local area networks
(WLANs) - often called Wi-Fi - is part of the 802.11
series of WLAN standards from the Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). 802.11b/g is backward compatible with 802.11.
The G2M5477 implements the IEEE 802.11b/g transmit
and receive functions.
TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol)
is the basic communication language or protocol of the
Internet.
Tx
Transmit
WLAN
Wireless local area network
WMM
Wireless Multi-Media. “WMM” is a registered trademark
of the Multimedia Alliance, of which G2 is a member.
The Wireless Multimedia Alliance generates specifications and practices which, if followed, lead to greater
satisfaction with IEEE 802.11-compliant items.
Wi-Fi
Wireless fidelity. A registered trademark of the Wi-Fi alliance for certain types of wireless local area networks
(WLAN) that use specifications conforming to IEEE
802.11.
MAC
Medium access controller. Part of the 802.11 transceiver.
MDS
Minimum detectable signal
MRM
Mobile resource management
NRE
Non-Recurring Engineering costs
NVM
Always On Memory
OOK
On-off keying
PCB
Printed circuit board
PHY
Physical layer processor. Part of the 802.11 transceiver.
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Document Version 0.14a
G2M5477 Preliminary Data Sheet

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