Moxa WAPA003 IEEE 802.11a/b/g miniPCI module User Manual W AWK 3121 UM 4e
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Contents
(WAPA003) UserMan
Moxa AirWorks AWK-3121 Series
User’s Manual
Fourth Edition, November 2009
www.moxa.com/product
2009 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.
Reproduction without permission is prohibited.
Moxa AirWorks AWK-3121 Series
User’s Manual
The Moxa software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in
accordance with the terms of that agreement.
Copyright Notice
Copyright 2009 Moxa Inc.
All rights reserved.
Reproduction without permission is prohibited.
Trademarks
MOXA is a registered trademark of Moxa Inc.
All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers.
Disclaimer
Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the
part of Moxa.
Moxa provides this document “as is,” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but
not limited to, its particular purpose. Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and/or changes to this
manual, or to the products and/or the programs described in this manual, at any time.
Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, Moxa assumes no
responsibility for its use, or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use.
This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein to correct such errors, and these changes are incorporated into new editions of the
publication.
Technical Support Contact Information
www.moxa.com/support
Moxa Americas:
Toll-free: 1-888-669-2872
Tel: +1-714-528-6777
Fax: +1-714-528-6778
Moxa China (Shanghai office):
Toll-free: 800-820-5036
Tel: +86-21-5258-9955
Fax: +86-10-6872-3958
Moxa Europe:
Tel: +49-89-3 70 03 99-0
Fax: +49-89-3 70 03 99-99
Moxa Asia-Pacific:
Tel: +886-2-8919-1230
Fax: +886-2-8919-1231
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................1-1
Overview.................................................................................................................................. 1-2
Package Checklist.................................................................................................................... 1-2
Product Features ...................................................................................................................... 1-2
Product Specifications ............................................................................................................. 1-3
Functional Design.................................................................................................................... 1-6
LED Indicators ............................................................................................................. 1-6
Beeper........................................................................................................................... 1-7
Reset Button ................................................................................................................. 1-7
Relay (Digital Output).................................................................................................. 1-8
Chapter 2 Getting Started .............................................................................................2-1
First-time Installation and Configuration................................................................................. 2-2
Communication Testing...........................................................................................................2-4
Function Guiding Map............................................................................................................. 2-5
Chapter 3 Web Console Configuration........................................................................3-1
Configuration by Web Browser ............................................................................................... 3-2
Overview.................................................................................................................................. 3-4
Basic Settings........................................................................................................................... 3-5
System Info Settings..................................................................................................... 3-5
Network Settings .......................................................................................................... 3-6
Time Settings................................................................................................................ 3-7
Wireless Settings...................................................................................................................... 3-9
Basic Wireless Settings................................................................................................. 3-9
WLAN Security Settings............................................................................................ 3-13
Advanced Wireless Settings ....................................................................................... 3-21
WLAN Certification Settings (for EAP-TLS in Client mode only)......................... 3-24
Advanced Settings ................................................................................................................. 3-25
DHCP Server (for AP mode only)............................................................................. 3-25
Packet Filters .............................................................................................................. 3-27
RSTP Settings (for AP mode only) ........................................................................... 3-30
SNMP Agent .............................................................................................................. 3-32
Auto Warning Settings...........................................................................................................3-34
System Log................................................................................................................. 3-34
Syslog ......................................................................................................................... 3-36
E-mail ......................................................................................................................... 3-37
Relay...........................................................................................................................3-38
Trap ............................................................................................................................3-39
Status...................................................................................................................................... 3-40
Associated Client List (for AP mode only)................................................................. 3-40
DHCP Client List (for AP mode only) ....................................................................... 3-40
System Log................................................................................................................. 3-41
Relay Status................................................................................................................ 3-41
DI and Power Status ................................................................................................... 3-42
Wireless Status ........................................................................................................... 3-42
Maintenance........................................................................................................................... 3-43
Console Settings ......................................................................................................... 3-43
Ping............................................................................................................................. 3-43
Firmware Upgrade...................................................................................................... 3-44
Config Import Export ................................................................................................. 3-44
Load Factory Default.................................................................................................. 3-45
Password..................................................................................................................... 3-45
Misc. Settings ............................................................................................................. 3-45
Save Configuration ................................................................................................................ 3-46
Restart.................................................................................................................................... 3-47
Logout.................................................................................................................................... 3-47
Chapter 4 Software Installation/Configuration ...........................................................4-1
Overview.................................................................................................................................. 4-2
AWK Search Utility................................................................................................................. 4-2
Installing AWK Search Utility ..................................................................................... 4-2
Configuring AWK Search Utility................................................................................. 4-5
Chapter 5 Other Console Configurations....................................................................5-1
RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100)................................................. 5-2
Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles............................................................................. 5-4
Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL .................................................................. 5-5
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access...................................................................................... 5-6
Chapter 6 References....................................................................................................6-1
Wireless Distribution System (WDS) ...................................................................................... 6-2
Beacon ..................................................................................................................................... 6-4
DTIM....................................................................................................................................... 6-4
Fragment.................................................................................................................................. 6-4
RTS Threshold......................................................................................................................... 6-4
STP and RSTP ......................................................................................................................... 6-4
The STP/RSTP Concept............................................................................................... 6-4
Differences between RSTP and STP ............................................................................ 6-5
Chapter 7 Supporting Information ...............................................................................7-1
About This User’s Manual....................................................................................................... 7-2
DoC (Declaration of Conformity)............................................................................................ 7-3
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement ..................................... 7-3
R&TTE Compliance Statement.................................................................................... 7-3
Firmware Recovery.................................................................................................................. 7-4
Technical Support Contact Information................................................................................... 7-5
1
1
Chapter 1 Introduction
Moxa’s AirWorks AWK-3121 series products enable users to access network resources wirelessly.
Currently three AWK-3121 models are available: The AWK-3121, AWK-3121-S-SC, and
AWK-3121-M-SC. The main difference between the models are the connector interfaces.
AWK-3121 models are rated to operate at temperatures ranging from 0 to 60°C for standard
models and -40 to 75°C for wide temperature models. The wide temperature models are rugged
enough for any harsh industrial environment.
In this chapter, we cover the following topics:
Overview
Package Checklist
Product Features
Product Specifications
Functional
LED Indicators
Beeper
Reset Button
Relay (Digital Output)
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Introduction
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Overview
The AWK series Access Point/Bridge and AP Client is ideal for applications that are hard to wire,
too expensive to wire, or use mobile equipment that connects to a TCP/IP network. The AWK can
operate at temperatures ranging from 0 to 60°C for standard models and -40 to 75°C for extended
temperature models, and is rugged enough for any harsh industrial environment. Installation is
easy, with either DIN-Rail mounting or wall mounting in distribution boxes. The DIN-rail/wall
mounting ability, wide operating temperature range, and IP30 housing with LED indicators make
the AWK a convenient yet reliable solution for any industrial wireless application.
Package Checklist
Moxa’s AWK is shipped with the following items. If any of these items is missing or damaged,
please contact your customer service representative for assistance.
1 AWK Device
2 Swivel-type Antennas (2dBi, RP-SMA, 2.4 & 5GHz)
1 Quick Installation Guide
1 Software CD
1 Moxa Product Warranty Booklet
1 Cable Holder with a Screw
Protective Cap (2 caps for the AWK-3121; 1 cap for the AWK-3121-S-SC and
AWK-3121-M-SC)
1 SC connector cap (for the AWK-3121-S-SC and AWK-3121-M-SC only)
NOTE
The above items come with the AWK-3121 series standard version. The package contents may
vary for different customized versions.
Product Features
IEEE802.11a/b/g Compliant
Three-in-one design (AP/Bridge/Client)
Advanced Wireless Security:
64-bit and 128-bit WEP/WPA/WPA2
SSID Hiding/IEEE 802.1X/RADIUS
Packet access control & filtering
STP/RSTP support for redundancy of system networking
Long-distance transmission support
Turbo RoamingTM enables rapid handover (Client mode)
Dedicated antenna selection
RS-232 console management
2DI+1DO for on-site monitoring and warming
Operating temperature ranges from -40 to 75°C (-T model)
Power input by redundant 24 VDC power inputs or IEEE802.3af Power over Ethernet
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DIN-Rail or wall mounting ability
IP30 protected high-strength metal housing
Product Specifications
WLAN Interface
Standards IEEE 802.11a/g/b for Wireless LAN
IEEE 802.11i for Wireless Security
IEEE 802.3u for 10/100BaseT(X)
IEEE 802.3af for Power-over-Ethernet
IEEE 802.1D for Spanning Tree Protocol
IEEE 802.1w for Rapid STP
Spread Spectrum and
Modulation (typical)
DSSS with DBPSK, DQPSK, CCK
OFDM with BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
64QAM @ 54Mbps, 16QAM @ 24/36Mbps, QPSK @ 12/18Mbps,
CCK @ 11/5.5Mbps, DQPSK @ 2Mbps, DBSK@ 1Mbps
Operating Channels
(Central Frequency) US: 2.412 to 2.462 GHz
5.15 to 5.85 GHz
EU: 2.412 to 2.472 GHz
5.150 to 5.725 GHz
JP: 2.412 to 2.472 GHz
2.412 to 2.484 GHz
5.150 to 5.725 GHz
Security SSID broadcast enable/disable
Firewall for MAC/IP/Protocol/Port-base filtering
64-bit and 128-bit WEP encryption, WPA /WPA2-Personal and
Enterprise (IEEE 802.1X/RADIUS, TKIP and AES)
Transmission Rates: 802.11b: 1, 2, 5.5, 11 Mbps
802.11a/g: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 Mbps
TX Transmit Power (for
hardware revisions 1.0 and
1.1):
802.11b:
Typ. 18±1.5 dBm @ 1 to 11 Mbps
802.11g:
Typ. 18±1.5 dBm @ 6 to 24 Mbps, Typ. 16±1.5 dBm @ 36 to 48
Mbps, Typ. 15±1.5 dBm @ 54 Mbps
802.11a:
Typ. 16±1.5 dBm @ 6 to 24 Mbps, Typ. 14±1.5 dBm @ 36 to 48
Mbps, Typ. 13±1.5 dBm @ 54 Mbps
RX Sensitivity (for hardware
revisions 1.0 and 1.1): 802.11b:
-92 dBm @ 1 Mbps, -90 dBm @ 2 Mbps, -88 dBm @ 5.5 Mbps,
-84 dBm @ 11 Mbps
802.11g:
-87 dBm @ 6 Mbps, -86 dBm @ 9 Mbps, -85 dBm @ 12 Mbps, -82
dBm @ 18 Mbps, -80 dBm @ 24 Mbps, -76 dBm @ 36 Mbps, -72
dBm @ 48 Mbps, -70 dBm @ 54 Mbps
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802.11a:
-87 dBm @ 6 Mbps, -86 dBm @ 9 Mbps, -85 dBm @ 12 Mbps, -82
dBm @ 18 Mbps, -80 dBm @ 24 Mbps, -76 dBm @ 36 Mbps, -72
dBm @ 48 Mbps, -70 dBm @ 54 Mbps
TX Transmit Power (for
hardware revision 1.2): 802.11b:
Typ. 23±1.5 dBm @ 1 to 11 Mbps
802.11g:
Typ. 18±1.5 dBm @ 6 to 24 Mbps, Typ. 16±1.5 dBm @ 36 to 48
Mbps, Typ. 15±1.5 dBm @ 54 Mbps
802.11a:
Typ. 20±1.5 dBm @ 6 to 24 Mbps, Typ. 19±1.5 dBm @ 36 Mbps,
Typ. 18±1.5 dBm @ 48 Mbps, Typ. 17±1.5 dBm @ 54 Mbps
RX Sensitivity (for hardware
revision 1.2): 802.11b:
-97 dBm @ 1 Mbps, -94 dBm @ 2 Mbps, -92 dBm @ 5.5 Mbps,
-90 dBm @ 11 Mbps
802.11g:
-93 dBm @ 6 Mbps, -91 dBm @ 9 Mbps, -90 dBm @ 12 Mbps, -88
dBm @ 18 Mbps, -84 dBm @ 24 Mbps, -80 dBm @ 36 Mbps, -76
dBm @ 48 Mbps, -74 dBm @ 54 Mbps
802.11a:
-90 dBm @ 6 Mbps, -89 dBm @ 9 Mbps, -89 dBm @ 12 Mbps, -85
dBm @ 18 Mbps, -83 dBm @ 24 Mbps, -79 dBm @ 36 Mbps, -75
dBm @ 48 Mbps, -74 dBm @ 54 Mbps
Protocol
General Protocols: Proxy ARP, DNS, HTTP, HTTPS, IP, ICMP, SNTP, TCP, UDP,
RADIUS, SNMP, RTP
AP-only Protocols: ARP, BOOTP, DHCP, dynamic VLAN-Tags for 802.1X-Clients,
STP/RSTP (IEEE 802.1D/w)
Data Rates 802.11b: 1, 2, 5.5, 11 Mbps
802.11a/g: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 Mbps
Interface
Default Antenna 2 dBi dual-band omni-directional antenna, RP-SMA (male)
Connector for External
Antennas RP-SMA (female)
LAN Port 10/100BaseT(X) auto negotiation speed (RJ45-type)
Console for External Antenna RS-232 (RJ45-type)
Alarm Contact 1 relay output with current carrying capacity of 1 A @ 24 VDC
Digital Input 2 electrically-isolated inputs
‧ +13 to +30V for state “1”
‧ +3 to -30V for state “0”
‧ Max. input current: 8 mA
LED Indicators PWR1, PWR2, PoE, FAULT, STATE, signal strength, CLIENT
MODE, BRIDGE MODE, WLAN, 10M, 100M
Physical Characteristics
Housing Metal, providing IP30 protection
Weight 850 g
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Introduction
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Dimensions 53.6 x 135 x 105 mm (2.11 x 5.31 x 4.13 in)
Installation DIN-Rail, or Wall Mounting (with optional wall mounting kit)
Power
Input Voltage 12 to 48 VDC, redundant dual DC power inputs or 48 VDC
Power-over-Ethernet (IEEE 802.3af compliant)
Connector 10-pin removable terminal block
Power Consumption 0.121 to 0.494 @ 12 to 48 VDC
0.3 A @ 24 VDC
Reverse Polarity Protection Present
Environment
Operating Temperature: Standard models: 0 to 60°C (32 to 140°F)
Wide Temp Models: -40 to 75°C (-40 to 167°F)
Storage Temperature: -40 to 85ºC (-40 to 185ºF)
Ambient Relative Humidity 5 to 95% (non-condensing)
Regulatory Approvals
Safety: EN60950-1, UL60950-1
Radio: EN300 328, EN301 893, ARIB STD-33/T66/T71 (Japan)
EMC: EN301 489-1/-17, FCC Part 15, EN55022/55024, IEC61000-6-2/-4
Environmental/EMC
compliancy EN50155, EN50121-1/-4, Directive 72/245/EEC (for e/M mark)
Note: Please check Moxa’s website for the most up-to-date certification status.
Warranty 5 years
Details: See http://www.moxa.com/warranty
ATTENTION
The AWK device is NOT a portable mobile device and should be located at least 20 cm away from
the human body.
The AWK device is NOT designed for the general public. To deploy AWK units and establish a
wireless network safely, a well-trained technician is required for installation.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Introduction
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Functional Design
LED Indicators
The LEDs on the front panel of the AWK allow you to identity the status and wireless settings
quickly.
The LED for FAULT indicates the system failure and user-configured events. If the AWK cannot
retrieve the IP address from a DHCP server, the FAULT LED will blink at an interval of one
second.
The LEDs for SIGNAL are a signal strength indicator and they merely function in Client mode.
The following table is a summary for the wireless settings and LED displays. You can check the
status of the AWK by reading these LEDs. More information about “Basic Wireless Settings” is
presented in Chapter 3.
Basic Wireless Settings LEDs
Operation mode WDS CLIENT BRIDGE SIGNAL Note
AP Disable off off - AP mode
AP Enable off
on - Bridge mode: WDS is enabled
Client -
on off 0 Client mode: no association
Client -
on off 1
Client mode: associated, but poor
signal
Client -
on off 2-5
Client mode: associated; signal is
fine
FAULT LED
Signal Strenth
LEDs
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Introduction
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ATTENTION
When the LEDs for FAULT, SIGNAL, CLIENT, BRIDGE and WLAN all light up
simultaneously and blink at one-second interval, it means the system failed to boot. This may be
due to improper operation or uncontrollable issues, such as an unexpected shutdown during
firmware update. To recover the firmware, refer to “Firmware Recovery” in Chapter 6.
Beeper
The beeper signals that the system is ready with two short beeps.
Reset Button
The RESET button is located on the top panel of the AWK. You can reboot the AWK or reset it to
factory default settings by pressing the RESET button with a pointed object such as an unfolded
paper clip.
System reboot: Hold the RESET button down for under 5 seconds and then release.
Reset to factory default: Hold the RESET button down for over 5 seconds until the STATE
LED starts blinking green. Release the button to reset the AWK.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Introduction
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Relay (Digital Output)
The AWK has one relay output, which consists of the 2 terminal block contacts on the top panel, as
shown below. These relay contacts are used to forward system failure and user-configured events.
The two wires attached to the relay contacts form an open circuit when a user-configured event is
triggered. If a user-configured event does not occur, the relay circuit will remain closed. For safety
reason, the relay circuit is kept open when the AWK is not powered.
The AWK’s relay status is summarized as follows:
Power Status Event Relay
Off --- Open
Yes Open
On No Short
2
2
Chapter 2 Getting Started
This chapter explains how to install Moxa’s AirWorks AWK for the first time, and quickly set up
your wireless network and test whether the connection is running well. With the function guide,
you can find out the functions you need easily.
In this chapter, we cover the following topics:
First-time Installation and Configuration
Communication Testing
Function Guiding Map
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Getting Started
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First-time Installation and Configuration
Before installing the AWK, make sure that all items in the Package Checklist are in the box. In
addition, you will need access to a notebook computer or PC equipped with an Ethernet port. The
AWK has a default IP address that you must use when connecting to the device for the first time.
Step 1: Select the power source.
The AWK can be powered by DC power input or PoE (Power over Ethernet). The AWK will use
whichever power source you choose.
Step 2: Connect the AWK to a notebook or PC.
Since the AWK-3121 supports MDI/MDI-X auto-sensing, you can use either a straight-through
cable or crossover cable to connect the AWK-3121 to a computer. If the LED indicator on the
AWK-3121’s LAN port lights up, it means the connection is established.
For the AWK-3121-S-SC and AWK-3121-M-SC, you may use a media converter (IMC-21-M-SC
or IMC-21-S-SC) to connect the AWK device to a computer. The AWK’s 100M LED indicator
will light up when a connection has been established.
Step 3: Set up the computer’s IP address.
Set an IP address on the same subnet as the AWK. Since the AWK’s default IP address is
192.168.127.253, and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, you should set the IP address of the
computer to 192.168.127.xxx.
NOTE
After you select Maintenance Load Factory Default and click the Submit button, the
AWK will be reset to factory default settings and the IP address will be also reset to
192.168.127.253.
Step 4: Use the web-based manager to configure the AWK
Open your computer’s web browser and type http://192.168.127.253 in the address field to access
the homepage of the web-based Network Manager. Before the homepage opens, you will need to
enter the user name and password as shown in the following figure. For first-time configuration,
enter the default user name and password and then click on the Login button:
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Getting Started
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NOTE
Default user name and password:
User Name: admin
Password: root
For security reasons, we strongly recommend changing the default password. To do so, select
Maintenance > Password, and then follow the on-screen instructions to change the password.
NOTE
After you click Submit to apply changes, you can see that the web page is refreshed, and the
string “(Update)” and a blinking reminder will be shown on the upper-right corner of web page,
as follow.
To make the changes effective, click Restart and then Save and Restart after you change the
settings. About 30 seconds are needed for the AWK to complete its restart process.
Step 5: Select the operation mode for the AWK.
By default, the AWK’s operation mode is set to AP. You can change the setting in Wireless
Settings Basic Wireless Settings if you would like to use the Client mode instead. Detailed
information about configuring the AWK’s operation can be found in Chapter 3.
Step 6: Test communications.
We will describe 2 test methods to make sure the network connection has been established. Please
refer to the following section for more details.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Getting Started
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Communication Testing
After installation, you can run a sample test to make sure the AWK and wireless connection are
functioning normally. Two testing methods are explained in the following sections. Use the first
method if you are using only one AWK device, and use the second method if you are using two or
more AWKs.
Testing Method for one AWK
If you are only using one AWK, you will need a second notebook computer equipped with a
WLAN card. Configure the WLAN card to connect to the AWK (NOTE: the default SSID is
MOXA), and change the IP address of the second notebook (B) so that it is on the same subnet as
the first notebook (A), which is connected to the AWK.
After configuring the WLAN card, establish a wireless connection with the AWK and open a DOS
window on Notebook B. At the prompt, type
ping <IP address of notebook A>
and then press Enter (see the figure below). A “Reply from IP address …” response means the
communication was successful. A “Request timed out.” response means the communication failed.
In this case, recheck the configuration to make sure the connections are correct.
Testing Method for two or more AWKs
If you have two or more AWKs, you will need a second notebook computer (B) equipped with an
Ethernet/Fiber port. Use the default settings for the first AWK connected to notebook A and
change the second or third AWK connected to notebook B to Client mode. Then, configure the
notebooks and AWKs properly.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Getting Started
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After setting up the testing environment, open a DOS window on notebook B. At the prompt, type
ping <IP address of notebook A>
and then press Enter. A “Reply from IP address …” response means the communication was
successful. A “Request timed out” response means the communication failed. In this case, recheck
the configuration to make sure the connections are correct.
Function Guiding Map
The management functions are categorized in a tree and shown in the left field of the web-based
management console. You can efficiently locate the function you need with the following guiding
map.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Getting Started
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A quick overview of the AWK’s status
Basic settings for administering the AWK
Essential settings related to establishing a wireless
network
Advanced features to support additional network
management and secure wired and wireless
communication
* These advanced functions are all optional.
Application-oriented device
management functions to set up
events, traps, and reactions via relay
warning, e-mail and SNMP
notification
* These functions are all optional.
Real-time status information to monitor
wired/wireless network performance, advanced
services, and device management functions
Functions to maintain the AWK and diagnose the
network
On-demand functions to support the operations
of web-based console management
3
3
Chapter 3 Web Console Configuration
In this chapter, we will explain each web management page of the web-based console
configuration. Moxa’s easy-to-use management functions will help you set up your AWK, as well
as establish and maintain your wireless network easily.
In this chapter, we cover the following topics:
Configuration by Web Browser
Overview
Basic Settings
Wireless Settings
Advanced Settings
Auto Warning Setting
Status
Maintenance
Save Configuration
Restart
Logout
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Web Console Configuration
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Configuration by Web Browser
Moxa AWK’s web browser interface provides a convenient way to modify its configuration and
access the built-in monitoring and network administration functions. The recommended web
browser is Microsoft® Internet Explorer 5.5 or 6.0 with JVM (Java Virtual Machine) installed.
NOTE
To use the AWK’s management and monitoring functions from a PC host connected to the same
LAN as the AWK, you must make sure that the PC host and the AWK are on the same logical
subnet. Similarly, if the AWK is configured for other VLAN settings, you must make sure your
PC host is on the management VLAN.
The Moxa AWK’s default IP is 192.168.127.253.
Follow the steps below to access the AWK’s web-based console management.
1. Open your web browser (ex. Internet Explorer) and type the AWK’s IP address in the address
field. Then press Enter to establish the connection.
2. The Web Console Login page will open. Enter the password (User Name is set as admin; the
default password is root if a new password has not been set.) and then click Login to
continue.
You may need to wait a few moments for the web page download onto your computer. Please note
that the Model name and IP address of your AWK-3121 are both shown on the title of the web
page. This information can help you identify multiple AWKs.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Web Console Configuration
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You can use the menu tree on the left side of the window to open the function pages to access each
of the AWK’s functions.
In the following paragraphs, we will go through each of the AWK’s management functions in
detail. You can also get a quick overview of these functions in the “Function Guiding Map” section
of Chapter 2.
NOTE
For security reasons, you will need to log back into the AWK after the 5-minute time-out.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Series User’s Manual Web Console Configuration
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Overview
The Overview page summarizes the AWK’s current status. The information is categorized into
several groups: System info, Device info and 802.11 info.
NOTE
The values for 802.11 info may not show up due to different operation modes. Therefore,
Current BSSID and Signal strength are not available in AP mode.
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Basic Settings
The Basic Settings group includes the most commonly used settings required by administrators to
maintain and control the AWK.
System Info Settings
The System Info items, especially Device name and Device description, are displayed and
included on the Overview page, SNMP information, and alarm emails. Setting System Info items
makes it easier to identify the different AWKs connected to your network.
Device name
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 31 Characters This option is useful for specifying the role or
application of different AWK units. AWK_<Serial No. of
this AWK>
Device location
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 31 Characters To specify the location of different AWK
units. None
Device description
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 31 Characters Use this space to record more detailed
description of AWK None
Device name
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 31 Characters To provide information about whom to
contact in order to resolve problems. Use this
space to record contact information of the
person responsible for maintaining this AWK.
None
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Network Settings
The Network Settings configuration allows you to modify the usual TCP/IP network parameters.
An explanation of each configuration item is given below.
IP configuration
Setting Description Factory Default
DHCP The AWK’s IP address will be assigned
automatically by the network’s DHCP server
Static Set up the AWK’s IP address manually.
Static
IP address
Setting Description Factory Default
AWK’s IP address Identifies the AWK on a TCP/IP network. 192.168.127.253
Subnet mask
Setting Description Factory Default
AWK’s subnet mask Identifies the type of network to which the
AWK is connected (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a
Class B network, or 255.255.255.0 for a Class
C network).
255.255.255.0
Gateway
Setting Description Factory Default
AWK’s default gateway The IP address of the router that connects the
LAN to an outside network. None
Primary/ Secondary DNS server
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address of Primary/
Secondary DNS server The IP address of the DNS Server used by your
network. After entering the DNS Server’s IP
address, you can input the AWK’s URL (e.g.,
http://ap11.abc.com) in your browser’s address
field instead of entering the IP address. The
Secondary DNS server will be used if the
Primary DNS server fails to connect.
None
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Time Settings
The AWK has a time calibration function based on information from an NTP server or user
specified Date and Time information. Functions such as Auto warning can add real-time
information to the message.
Current local time shows the AWK’s system time when you open this web page. You can click on
the Set Time button to activate the update after setting up the date and time parameters. An
“(Updated)” string will appear to indicate that the change is complete. Local time settings will be
immediately activated in the system without running Save and Restart.
NOTE
The AWK has a real time clock (RTC). Users are strongly recommended to update the Local
time for the AWK after initial setup or long-term shutdown, especially when the network does
not have an Internet connection for accessing the NTP server or there is no NTP server on the
LAN.
Current local time
Setting Description Factory Default
User adjustable time The date and time parameters allow
configuration of the local time with
immediate activation.
None
(yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss
format; 24-hour format.)
Time zone
Setting Description Factory Default
User selectable time
zone The time zone setting allows
conversion from GMT (Greenwich
Mean Time) to local time.
GMT (Greenwich Mean
Time)
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ATTENTION
Changing the time zone will automatically adjust the Current local time. You should configure
the Time zone before setting the Current local time.
Daylight saving time
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ Disable Daylight saving time (also know as DST
or summer time) involves advancing
clocks (usually 1 hour) during the
summer time to provide an extra hour of
daylight in the afternoon.
Disable
When Daylight saving time is enabled, the following parameters can be shown:
The Starts at parameter allows users to enter the date that daylight saving time begins.
The Stops at parameter allows users to enter the date that daylight saving time ends.
The Time offset parameter indicates how many hours forward the clock should be advanced.
Time server 1/ 2
Setting Description Factory Default
The 1st/ 2nd time server
IP/Name IP or Domain address of NTP time server.
The 2nd time will be used if the 1st NTP
server fails to connect.
None
Query period
Setting Description Factory Default
Query period time
(1- 9999 seconds) This parameter determines how often the
time is updated from the NTP server. 600 (seconds)
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Wireless Settings
The essential settings for wireless networks are presented in this function group. Settings must be
properly set before establishing your wireless network.
Basic Wireless Settings
The AWK mainly supports two operational modes that have distinct roles in the wireless network:
AP/Bridge:
This mode provides both Access Point and Static LAN-to-LAN Bridging functionality. The
static LAN-to-LAN bridging function is supported through the Wireless Distribution System
(WDS).
AP Client:
This mode is for Dynamic LAN-to-LAN Bridging or Device-to-LAN. The AP Client
automatically establishes bridge links with other APs.
In either mode, the AWK forwards packets between its Ethernet interface (LAN) and wireless
interface (WLAN) for wired hosts on the Ethernet side and wireless host(s) on the wireless side.
There are two types of wireless links as specified by the IEEE802.11 standard:
STA-AP
This type of wireless link is established between an IEEE802.11 Station (STA) and an
IEEE802.11 Access Point (AP). An STA is usually a client computer (PC or PDA) with a
WLAN network interface card (NIC). The Client mode is actually an STA.
WDS
This type of wireless link is established between two IEEE802.11 APs. Wireless packets
transmitted along the WDS link comply with the IEEE802.11 WDS (Wireless Distribution
System) format at the link layer. You can refer to “Wireless Distribution System (WDS)” in
Chapter 5 for more details. Be reminded that WPA/WPA2 CANNOT be supported in WDS.
To establish a static bridge link based on the WDS, the APs at both end of the WDS link must be
configured manually with each other's MAC addresses. To establish a dynamic bridge link
between an AP and a Client, both devices must be configured with the same, channel, and security
settings (see “WLAN Security Settings”). Moreover, the same SSID is also needed if a client will
roam along the APs in Bridge mode. The AP Client automatically scans for any AP that is using
the matched SSID and establishes a bridge link with the scanned AP.
When the AWK is configured to be in Client mode, it can be used as an Ethernet-to-wireless (or
LAN-to-WLAN) network adapter. For example, a notebook computer equipped with an Ethernet
adapter, but no wireless card, can be connected to this device with an Ethernet cable for wireless
connectivity to another AP.
NOTE
Although it is more convenient to use dynamic bridging, there is a limitation — the AP Client
can only transmit IP-based packets between its wireless interface (WLAN) and Ethernet interface
(LAN); other types of traffic (such as IPX and AppleTalk) are not forwarded.
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The following figure shows the Basic Wireless Settings page. The parameters and options are
described as follow:
Wireless enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable The RF (Radio Frequency) module can
be manually turned on or off. This
function is only available in AP operation
mode.
Enable
Operation mode
Setting Description Factory Default
AP AWK plays a role of wireless AP/ Bridge.
Client AWK plays a role of wireless AP Client. AP
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NOTE
When you switch to Client mode, you can find an additional Site Survey button on this page. It
can support site survey and pop up a dialog box listing the information of available APs, as
shown in the following figure. You can click on the SSID of an entity and bring the value of its
SSID onto the SSID field of the Basic Wireless Settings page. Clicking on the Refresh button
will re-scan and update the table.
NOTE
If the Gateway field in Basic Settings Network Settings is empty, a warning message will
appear, reminding you to set the default gateway when Client mode is enabled. You can ignore
this message if you are only planning a local network and no packet will be sent outside the
network.
RF type
Setting Description Factory Default
A Supports IEEE802.11a standard only
B Supports IEEE802.11b standard only
G Supports IEEE802.11g standard only
B/G Mixed Supports both of IEEE802.11b/g
standards, but 802.11g can be slowed
down when 802.11b clients are on the
network
B/G Mixed
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Channel (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Available channels vary
with RF type AWK plays a role of wireless AP. 6 (in B/G Mixed mode)
SSID
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 31 Characters The SSID of a client and the SSID of
the AP must be identical for them to
communicate with each other.
MOXA
SSID broadcast (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ Disable SSID can be broadcast or not. Enable
NOTE
The AWK-JP (for Japanese frequency bands) only connects SSID-hidden APs in all
IEEE802.11a channels and IEEE802.11g channel 1 to 11. The AWK-EU (for European
frequency bands) only connects SSID-hidden APs in all IEEE802.11b/g channels.
WDS (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ Disable AWK supports WDS or not. Disable
NOTE
When WDS is enabled, you can choose to use a pure point-to-point WDS link by disabling AP
functionality.
The AWK provides 8 entities for WDS settings and can support up to 8 WDS links to other APs
or wireless bridges. The list appears when WDS Enable is checked. Enter the MAC address to
set up a WDS link. Remember to activate a WDS link by checking the Active check box.
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WLAN Security Settings
The AWK provides four standardized wireless security modes: Open, WEP (Wired Equivalent
Privacy), WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2. Several types of security models are available
in AWK by selecting Security mode and WPA type:
Open: No authentication, no data encryption.
WEP: Static WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) keys must be manually configured.
WPA/WPA2-Personal: also known as WPA/WPA2-PSK. You need to specify the Pre-Shared
Key in the Passphrase field, which will be used by the TKIP or AES engine as a master key to
generate keys that actually encrypt outgoing packets and decrypt incoming packets.
WPA/WPA2-Enterprise: also called WPA/WPA2-EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol).
In addition to device-based authentication, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise enables user-based
authentication via IEEE802.1X. The AWK can support three EAP methods: EAP-TLS,
EAP-TTLS, and EAP-PEAP.
Security mode
Setting Description Factory Default
Open No authentication
WEP Static WEP is used
WPA* WPA is used
WPA2* Fully supports IEEE802.11i with
“TKIP/AES + 802.1X”
Open
* WPA and WPA2 are not be supported in WDS (Bridge) mode.
Open
For security reasons, it is highly recommended that the security mode should be set to the options
other than Open System. When the security mode is set to Open System, no authentication or data
encryption will be performed.
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WEP
According to the IEEE802.11 standard, WEP can be used for authentication and data encryption
(confidentiality). Shared (or Shared Key) authentication type is used if WEP authentication and
data encryption are both needed. Normally, Open (or Open System) authentication type is often
used when WEP data encryption is run with authentication.
When WEP is enabled as a security mode, the length of a key (so-called WEP seed) can be
specified as 64/128 bits, which is actually a 40/104-bit secret key with a 24-bit initialization vector.
The AWK provides 4 entities of WEP key settings that can be selected to use with Key index. The
selected key setting specifies the key to be used as a send-key for encrypting traffic from the AP
side to the wireless client side. All 4 WEP keys are used as receive-keys to decrypt traffic from the
wireless client side to the AP side.
The WEP key can be presented in two Key type, HEX and ASCII. Each ASCII character has 8 bits,
so a 40-bit (or 64-bit) WEP key contains 5 characters, and a 104-bit (or 128-bit) key has 13
characters. In hex, each character uses 4 bits, so a 40-bit key has 10 hex characters, and a 128-bit
key has 26 characters.
Authentication type
Setting Description Factory Default
Open Data encryption is enabled, but no
authentication
Shared Data encryption and authentication are
both enabled.
Open
Key type
Setting Description Factory Default
HEX Specifies WEP keys in hex-decimal
number form
ASCII Specifies WEP keys in ASCII form
HEX
Key length
Setting Description Factory Default
64 bits Uses 40-bit secret keys with 24-bit
initialization vector
128 bits Uses 104-bit secret key with 24-bit
initialization vector
64 bits
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Key index
Setting Description Factory Default
1-4 Specifies which WEP key is used Open
WEP key 1-4
Setting Description Factory Default
ASCII type:
64 bits: 5 chars
128 bits: 13chars
HEX type:
64 bits: 10 hex chars
128 bits: 26 hex chars
A string that can be used as a WEP seed
for RC4 encryption engine. None
WPA/WPA2-Personal
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2 are significantly improved encryption methods of WEP.
WPA is a security standard based on 802.11i draft 3, while WPA2 is based on the fully ratified
version of 802.11i. The initial vector is transmitted, encrypted, and enhanced with its 48 bits, twice
as long as WEP. The key is regularly changed so that true session is secured.
Even though AES encryption is only included in the WPA2 standard, it is widely available in the
WPA security mode of some wireless APs and clients as well. The AWK also supports AES
algorithms in WPA and WPA2 for better compatibility.
Personal versions of WPA/WPA2, also know as WPA/WPA-PSK (Pre-Shared Key), provides a
simple way of encrypting a wireless connection for high confidentiality. A Passphrase is used as a
basis for encryption methods (or cipher types) in a WLAN connection. The passphrases should be
complex and as long as possible. The number of ASCII characters of the Passphrase must be at
least 8 and can go up to 63. For security reason, this passphrase should be disclosed to the relevant
users only and changed regularly.
WPA type
Setting Description Factory Default
Personal Provides Pre-Shared Key-enabled WPA
and WPA2
Enterprise Provides enterprise-level security for
WPA and WPA2
Personal
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Encryption method
Setting Description Factory Default
TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is
enabled
AES Advance Encryption System is enabled
Mixed* Provides TKIP broadcast key and
TKIP+AES unicast key for some legacy AP
clients. This option is rarely used. *This
option is available in AP mode only, and
does not support AES-enabled clients.
TKIP
Passphrase
Setting Description Factory Default
8 – 63 characters Master key to generate keys for encryption
and decryption None
Key renewal (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
60 – 86400 seconds
(1 minute to 1 year) Specifies the time period of group key
renewal 3600 (seconds)
NOTE
The value for key renewal instructs the wireless AP how often it should change the encryption
keys. Usually the security level will be higher if you set this value shorter so that the encryption
keys are changed more often. Default value is 3600 seconds (6 minutes). Longer time periods
can be considered if traffic is not so busy.
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WPA/WPA2-Enterprise (for AP mode)
By selecting WPA type as Enterprise, you can use EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol), a
framework authentication protocol used by 802.1X to provide network authentication. In these
Enterprise-level security modes, a back-end RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User
Service) server is needed if IEEE 802.1X functionality is enabled in WPA /WPA2. The IEEE
802.1X protocol also offers the possibility of carrying out an efficient connection authentication in
a large-scaled network. It is not necessary to exchange keys or passphrases.
WPA type
Setting Description Factory Default
Personal Provides Pre-Shared Key-enabled WPA
and WPA2
Enterprise Provides enterprise-level security for
WPA and WPA2
Personal
Encryption method
Setting Description Factory Default
TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is
enabled
AES Advance Encryption System is enabled
Mixed* Provides TKIP broadcast key and
TKIP+AES unicast key for some legacy
AP clients. This option is rarely used.
*This option is available in AP mode
only, and does not support AES-enabled
clients.
TKIP
Primary/ Secondary RADIUS server IP
Setting Description Factory Default
The IP address of
RADIUS server Specifies the delegated RADIUS server
for EAP None
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Primary/ Secondary RADIUS port
Setting Description Factory Default
Port number Specifies the port number of the
delegated RADIUS server 1812
Primary/ Secondary RADIUS shared key
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 31 characters The secret key shared between AP and
RADIUS server None
Key renewal
Setting Description Factory Default
60 – 86400 seconds
(1 minute to 1 year) Specifies the time period of group key
renewal 3600 (seconds)
WPA/WPA2-Enterprise (for Client mode)
In a client role, the AWK can support three EAP methods (or EAP protocols): EAP-TLS,
EAP-TTLS, and EAP-PEAP, corresponding to WPA/WPA-Enterprise settings on the AP side.
Encryption method
Setting Description Factory Default
TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is
enabled
AES Advance Encryption System is enabled
TKIP
EAP Protocol
Setting Description Factory Default
TLS Specifies Transport Layer Security
protocol
TTLS Specifies Tunneled Transport Layer
Security
PEAP Specifies Protected Extensible
Authentication Protocol, or Protected
EAP
TLS
Before choosing the EAP protocol for your WPA/WPA2-Enterpise settings on the client end,
please contact the network administrator to make sure the system supports the protocol on the AP
end. Detailed information on these three popular EAP protocols is presented in the following
sections:
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EAP-TLS
TLS is the standards-based successor to the Secure Socket Layer (SSL). It can establish a trusted
communication channel over a distrusted network. TLS provides mutual authentication through
certificate exchange. EAP-TLS is also secure to use. You are required to submit a digital certificate
to the authentication server for validation, but the authentication server must also supply a
certificate.
You can use Basic Wireless Settings WLAN Certificate Settings to import your WLAN
certificate and enable EAP-TLS on the client end.
You can check the current certificate status in Current Status if it is available.
Certificate issued to: shows the certificate user
Certificate issued by: shows the certificate issuer
Certificate expiration date: indicates when the certificate has expired
EAP-TTLS
It is usually much easier to re-use existing authentication systems, such as a Windows domain or
Active Directory, LDAP directory, or Kerberos realm, rather than creating a parallel authentication
system. As a result, TTLS (Tunneled TLS) and PEAP (Protected EAP) are used to support the use
of so-called “legacy authentication methods.”
TTLS and PEAP work in a similar way. First, they establish a TLS tunnel, like EAP-TLS, and
validate whether the network is trustworthy with digital certificates on the authentication server.
This step is run to establish a tunnel that protects the next step (or “inner” authentication) so it is
sometimes referred to as the “outer” authentication. Then the TLS tunnel is used to encrypt an
older authentication protocol that authenticates the user for the network.
As you can see, digital certificates are still needed for the outer authentication in a simplified form.
Only a small number of certificates are required, which can be generated by a small certificate
authority. Certificate reduction makes TTLS and PEAP much more popular than EAP-TLS.
The AWK provides some non-cryptographic EAP methods including PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP,
and MS-CHAP-V2. These EAP methods are not recommended for direct use on wireless networks.
However, they may be useful as inner authentication methods with TTLS or PEAP.
Because the inner and outer authentications can use distinct user names in TTLS and PEAP, you
can use an anonymous user name for the outer authentication, while the true user name is shown
only through the encrypted channel. Remember, not all client software supports anonymous
altercation. Confirm this with the network administrator before you enable identity hiding in TTLS
and PEAP.
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TTL Inner Authentication
Setting Description Factory Default
PAP Password Authentication Protocol
is used
CHAP Challenge Handshake
Authentication Protocol is used
MS-CHAP Microsoft CHAP is used
MS-CHAP-V2 Microsoft CHAP version 2 is used
MS-CHAP-V2
Anonymous
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 31 characters A distinct name used for outer
authentication None
User name & Password
Setting Description Factory Default
User name and password used in
inner authentication None
PEAP
There are a few differences in the inner authentication procedures for TTLS and PEAP. TTLS uses
the encrypted channel to exchange attribute-value pairs (AVPs), while PEAP uses the encrypted
channel to start a second EAP exchange inside of the tunnel. The AWK provides MS-CHAP-V2
merely as an EAP method for inner authentication.
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Inner EAP protocol
Setting Description Factory Default
MS-CHAP-V2 Microsoft CHAP version 2 is used MS-CHAP-V2
Anonymous
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 31 characters A distinct name used for outer
authentication None
User name & Password
Setting Description Factory Default
User name and password used in
inner authentication None
Advanced Wireless Settings
Additional wireless-related parameters are presented in this section to help you set up your
wireless network in detail.
Transmission Rate
Setting Description Factory Default
Auto AWK will sense and adjust the data rate
automatically
Available rates User can manually select a target
transmission data rate
Auto
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Transmission Power
Setting Description Factory Default
Auto Specifies wireless signal coverage by
automatically selecting the strength of Tx
power
Full Equivalent to 100% of maximum Tx power
High Equivalent to 75% of maximum Tx power
Medium Equivalent to 50% of maximum Tx power
Low Equivalent to 25% of maximum Tx power
Full
Beacon Interval (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Beacon Interval
(40-1000 ms) This value indicates the frequency interval
of the beacon 100 (ms)
DTIM Interval (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Data Beacon Rate (1-15) This value indicates how often the AWK
sends out a Delivery Traffic Indication
Message
1
Fragment threshold
Setting Description Factory Default
Fragment Length
(256-2346) This parameter specifies the maximum size
a data packet before splitting and creating
another new packet
2346
RTS threshold
Setting Description Factory Default
RTS/CTS Threshold
(256-2346) This setting determines how large a packet
can be before the Access Point coordinates
transmission and reception to ensure
efficient communication
2346
NOTE
You can refer to the related glossaries in Chapter 5 for more detailed information about the
above-mentioned settings. By setting these parameters properly, you can better tune the
performance of your wireless network.
Transmission distance
Setting Description Factory Default
Distance or max. range
for transmission
(500-10000m)
The distance specifies the transmission
distance or max. range between two AWK
devices. This parameter should be set
properly, especially for long-distance
communication.
500
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Transmission enhancement
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable This setting can enhance communication by
strengthening the AWK’s transmission
power. It is quite useful for long-distance
transmission or countering environmental
interference. The user must carefully
evaluate and measure the transmission
power of the entire system to make sure tha
t
it is still below the regulative limit. Note,
too, that RF type 802.11a mode cannot be
used if this function is enabled.
Disable
NOTE
Make sure the same Transmission distance parameters are set in both the AP and Client sides,
or in both Bridges. When this parameter is greater than 500, an optimization algorithm can be
enabled to support long-distance transmission.
Note that Transmission enhancement only supports 802.11b/g mode; 802.11a mode is not
supported.
Transmission enhancement is also recommended to enable communication at both ends when
long-distance transmission is required. A high-gain antenna installed at a fixed antenna
connector can also be used to improve performance (select Antenna at MAIN or AUX).
Antenna
Setting Description Factory Default
Auto The AWK uses two antennas (MAIN and AUX)
and enables the diversity function for reducing
multipath effect.
MAIN Diversity function is disabled. Only MAIN
antenna is in use.
AUX Diversity function is disabled. Only AUX
antenna is in use.
Auto
EAPOL Version
Setting Description Factory Default
1 EAPOL version 1 was standardized in the 2001
version of 802.1X, which is much more
commonly implemented.
2 EAPOL version 2 was specified in
802.1X-2004.
1
Turbo Roaming (for Client mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ Disable Moxa’s Turbo Roaming can enable rapid
handover when the AWK, as a client, roams
among a group of APs.
Disable
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When Turbo Roaming is enabled, RF type and Scan channels will be shown as follows. RF type
shows the current RF type, which this client is using now. You can set up Scan channels for the
APs among which this client is going to roam. There are three Scan channels available. Please note
that the Scan channels may need to be modified when the RF type is changed. (For example,
channel 36 is not available in B, G or B/G Mix mode.)
WLAN Certification Settings (for EAP-TLS in Client mode only)
When EAP-TLS is used, a WLAN Certificate will be required at the client end to support
WPA/WPA2-Enterprise. The AWK can support the PKCS #12, also known as Personal
Information Exchange Syntax Standard, certificate formats that define file formats commonly used
to store private keys with accompanying public key certificates, protected with a password-based
symmetric key.
Current Status displays information for the current WLAN certificate, which has been imported
into the AWK. Nothing will be shown if no certificate is available.
Certificate issued to: shows the certificate user
Certificate issued by: shows the certificate issuer
Certificate expiration date: indicates when the certificate has expired
You can import a new WLAN certificate in Import WLAN Certificate by following these steps in
order:
1. Input the corresponding password (or key) in the Certificate private password field. Then
click Submit to set the password.
2. You can see the password displayed in the Certificate private password field. Then click on
the Browse button in Select certificate/key file and select the certificate file.
3. Click Upload Certificate File to import the certificate file. If it succeeds, you can see the
information uploaded in Current Certificate. If it fails, you may need to return to step 1 to set
the password correctly and then import the certificate file again.
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NOTE
The WLAN certificate will remain after the AWK reboots. Even though it is expired, it can still
be seen on Current Certificate.
Advanced Settings
Several advanced functions are available to increase the functionality of your AWK and wireless
network system. The DHCP server helps you deploy wireless clients efficiently. Packet filters
provide security mechanisms, such as firewalls, in different network layers. Moreover, the AWK
can support STP/RSTP protocol to increase the reliability across the entire network. In additional,
SNMP support can ease the network management via SNMP protocols.
DHCP Server (for AP mode only)
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a networking protocol that allows administrators
to assign temporary IP addresses to network computers by “leasing” an IP address to a user for a
limited amount of time, instead of assigning permanent IP addresses.
The AWK can act as a simplified DHCP server and easily assign IP addresses to your wireless
clients by responding to the DHCP requests from the client ends. The IP-related parameters you set
on this page will also be sent to the client.
You can also assign a static IP address to a specific client by entering its MAC address. The AWK
provides a Static DHCP mapping list with up to 16 entities. Be reminded to check the Active
check box for each entity to activate the setting.
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You can check the IP assignment status under Status DHCP Client List.
DHCP server (AP only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables AWK as a DHCP server
Disable Disable DHCP server function Disable
Default gateway
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address of a default
gateway The IP address of the router that connects to
an outside network None
Subnet mask
Setting Description Factory Default
subnet mask Identifies the type of sub-network (e.g.,
255.255.0.0 for a Class B network, or
255.255.255.0 for a Class C network)
None
Primary/ Secondary DNS server
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address of Primary/
Secondary DNS server The IP address of the DNS Server used by
your network. After entering the DNS
Server’s IP address, you can use URL as
well. The Secondary DNS server will be
used if the Primary DNS server fails to
connect.
None
Start IP address
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address Indicates the IP address which AWK can
start assigning None
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Maximum number of users
Setting Description Factory Default
1 – 999 Specifies how many IP address can be
assigned continuously None
Client lease time
Setting Description Factory Default
1 – 10 days The lease time for which an IP address is
assigned. The IP address may go expired
after the lease time is reached.
10 (days)
Packet Filters
The AWK includes various filters for IP-based packets going through LAN and WLAN interfaces.
You can set these filters as a firewall to help enhance network security.
MAC Filter
The AWK’s MAC filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out IP-based packets with
specified MAC addresses. The AWK provides 8 entities for setting MAC addresses in your
filtering policy. Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to activate the setting.
Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables MAC filter
Disable Disables MAC filter Disable
Policy
Setting Description Factory Default
Accept Only the packets fitting the entities on list
can be allowed.
Drop Any packet fitting the entities on list will
be denied.
Drop
ATTENTION
Be careful when you enable the filter function:
Drop + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed
Accept + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied
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IP Protocol Filter
The AWK’s IP protocol filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out IP-based packets
with specified IP protocol and source/destination IP addresses.
The AWK provides 8 entities for setting IP protocol and source/destination IP addresses in your
filtering policy. Four IP protocols are available: All, ICMP, TCP, and UDP. You must specify
either the Source IP or the Destination IP. By combining IP addresses and netmasks, you can
specify a single IP address or a range of IP addresses to accept or drop. For example, “IP address
192.168.1.1 and netmask 255.255.255.255” refers to the sole IP address 192.168.1.1. “IP address
192.168.1.1 and netmask 255.255.255.0” refers to the range of IP addresses from 192.168.1.1 to
192.168.255. Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to activate the setting.
Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables IP protocol filter
Disable Disables IP protocol filter Disable
Policy
Setting Description Factory Default
Accept Only the packets fitting the entities on the list
can be allowed
Drop Any packet fitting the entities on the list will
be denied
Drop
ATTENTION
Be careful when you enable the filter function:
Drop + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed.
Accept + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied.
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TCP/UDP Port Filter
The AWK’s TCP/UDP port filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out
TCP/UDP-based packets with a specified source or destination port.
The AWK provides 8 entities for setting the range of source/destination ports of a specific protocol.
In addition to selecting TCP or UDP protocol, you can set either the source port, destination port,
or both. The end port can be left empty if only a single port is specified. Of course, the end port
cannot be larger then the start port.
The Application name is a text string that describes the corresponding entity with up to 31
characters. Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to activate the setting.
Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables TCP/UDP port filter
Disable Disables TCP/UDP port filter
Disable
Policy
Setting Description Factory Default
Accept Only the packets fitting the entities on list
can be allowed.
Drop Any packet fitting the entities on list will
be denied.
Drop
ATTENTION
Be careful when you enable the filter function:
Drop + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed.
Accept + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied.
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RSTP Settings (for AP mode only)
AWK supports IEEE802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol and IEEE802.1w Rapid STP standards. In
addition to eliminating unexpected path looping, STP/RSTP can provide a backup path recovery if
a wired/ wireless path fails accidentally. The reliability and availability can increase because this
fail-over function.
AWK’s STP/RSTP feature is disabled by default. To be completely effective, you must enable
RSTP/STP on every AWK connected to your network. If AWK plays a Client role, which is
connected to a device (PLC, RTU, etc.) as opposed to network switch equipment, it is not
necessary to enable STP/RSTP. The reason is that it will cause unnecessary negotiation. AWKs
support STP/RSTP in AP mode (including WDS) only.
The following figures indicate which Spanning Tree Protocol parameters can be configured. A
more detailed explanation of each parameter is given below the figure.
RSTP status
This field will appear only when selected to operate STP/RSTP. It indicates whether this AWK is
the Root of the Spanning Tree (the root is determined automatically) or not.
Bridge priority
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value
selected
by user
You can increase the bridge priority by
selecting a lower number. A higher bridge
priority brings a greater chance of being
established as the root of the Spanning
Tree topology.
32768
Hello time
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value input
by user
(1 – 10 seconds)
The root of the Spanning Tree topology
periodically sends out a “hello” message to
other devices on the network to check if
the topology is healthy. Hello time
indicates how often the root sends hello
messages.
2 (seconds)
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Forwarding delay
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value input
by user
(4 – 30 seconds)
The amount of time this device waits before
checking to see if it should change to a
different topology.
15 (seconds)
Max. age
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value input
by user
(6 – 40 seconds)
As a non-root role, if the device has not
received a hello message from the root longer
than Max. age, it will reconfigure itself as a
root. Once two or more devices on the
network are recognized as a root, the devices
will renegotiate to set up a new Spanning
Tree topology.
20 (seconds)
The AWK comes with 10 “ports” for RSTP settings. Numbers 3-10 (WDS1-WDS8) are available
only when WDS is enabled in AP mode.
Enable RSTP
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ disable Enables or disables the port as a node on the
Spanning Tree topology. Disable
(unchecked)
Port priority
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value
selected by user Increase this port’s priority as a node on the
Spanning Tree topology by inputting a lower
number.
128
Port cost
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ Disable Input a higher cost to indicate that this port is
less suitable as a node for the Spanning Tree
topology
2000000
Edge port
Setting Description Factory Default
Checked/ unchecked Sets a port, which no BPDU expectedly goes
through, as an edge port unchecked, except
AP port
NOTE
We recommend you set an edge port for the port, which is connected to a non-STP/RSTP
sub-network or an end device (PLC, RTU, etc.) as opposed to network equipment. This can
prevent unnecessary waiting and negotiation of STP/RSTP protocol, and accelerate system
initialization. When an edge port receives BPDUs, it can still function as an STP/RSTP port and
start negotiation.
Setting an edge port is different from disabling STP/RSTP on a port. If you disable STP/RSTP, a
port will not deal with STP/RSTP BPDUs at all.
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Port Status
Port Status indicates the current Spanning Tree status of this port. Use Forwarding for normal
transmission, or Blocking to block transmission.
SNMP Agent
The AWK supports SNMP V1/V2c/V3. SNMP V1 and SNMP V2c use a community string match
for authentication, which means that SNMP servers access all objects with read-only or read/write
permissions using the community string public/private (default value). SNMP V3, which requires
you to select an authentication level of MD5 or SHA, is the most secure protocol. You can also
enable data encryption to enhance data security.
The AWK’s MIB can be found in the software CD and supports reading the attributes via SNMP.
(Only get method is supported.)
SNMP security modes and security levels supported by the AWK are shown in the following table.
Select the security mode and level that will be used to communicate between the SNMP agent and
manager.
Protocol
Version Setting on UI
web page Authentication
Type Data
Encryption Method
V1, V2c Read
Community Community
string No Use a community string match for
authentication.
SNMP V1,
V2c V1, V2c
Write/Read
Community
Community
string No Use a community string match for
authentication.
No-Auth No No Use account with admin or user to access
objects.
MD5 or SHA Authentication
based on MD5
or SHA No
Provides authentication based on
HMAC-MD5, or HMAC-SHA
algorithms. 8-character passwords are the
minimum requirement for authentication.
SNMP V3
MD5 or SHA Authentication
based on MD5
or SHA
Data
encryption
key
Provides authentication based on
HMAC-MD5 or HMAC-SHA algorithms,
and data encryption key. 8-character
passwords and a data encryption key are
the minimum requirements for
authentication and encryption.
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The following parameters can be configured on the SNMP Agent page. A more detailed
explanation of each parameter is given below the following figure.
Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables SNMP Agent
Disable Disables SNMP Agent Disable
Read community (for V1, V2c)
Setting Description Factory Default
V1, V2c Read
Community Use a community string match with a
maximum of 31 characters for authentication.
This means that the SNMP agent can access
all objects with read-only permissions using
this community string.
public
Write community (for V1, V2c)
Setting Description Factory Default
V1, V2c Read /Write
Community Use a community string match with a
maximum of 31 characters for authentication.
This means that the SNMP agent can
accesses all objects with read/write
permissions using this community string.
private
SNMP agent version
Setting Description Factory Default
V1, V2c, V3, or V1,
V2c, or V3 only Select the SNMP protocol version used to
manage the switch. V1, V2c
Admin auth type (for V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)
Setting Description Factory Default
No Auth Use admin account to access objects. No
authentication
MD5 Provide authentication based on the HMAC-MD5
algorithms. 8-character passwords are the minimum
requirement for authentication.
SHA Provides authentication based on
HMAC-SHA algorithms. 8-character passwords are
the minimum requirement for authentication.
No Auth
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Admin private key (for V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Disable No data encryption
DES DES-based data encryption
AES AES-based data encryption
Disable
Private key
A data encryption key is the minimum requirement for data encryption (maximum of 63
characters)
Private MIB Information Device Object ID
Also know as OID. This is the AWK’s enterprise value. It is fixed.
Auto Warning Settings
Since industrial-grade devices are often located at the endpoints of a system, these devices will not
always know what is happening elsewhere on the network. This means that these devices,
including wireless APs or clients, must provide system maintainers with real-time alarm messages.
Even when system administrators are out of the control room for an extended period, they can still
be informed of the status of devices almost instantaneously when exceptions occur.
In addition to logging these events, the AWK supports different approaches to warn engineers
automatically, such as SNMP trap, e-mail, and relay output. It also supports two digital inputs to
integrate sensors into your system to automate alarms by email and relay output.
System Log
System Log Event Types
Detail information for grouped events is shown in the following table. You can check the box for
Enable log to enable the grouped events. All default values are enabled (checked). The log for
system events can be seen in Status System Log.
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System-related events Event is triggered when…
System restart (warm start) The AWK is rebooted, such as when its settings are
changed (IP address, subnet mask, etc.).
Network-related events Event is triggered when…
LAN link on The LAN port is connected to a device or network.
LAN link off The port is disconnected (e.g., the cable is pulled out,
or the opposing device shuts down).
Client joined/ left
(for AP mode) A wireless client is associated or disassociated.
WLAN connected to AP
(for Client mode) The AWK is associated with an AP.
WLAN disconnected
(for Client mode) The AWK is disassociated from an AP.
Config-related events Event is triggered when…
Configuration Changed A configuration item has been changed.
Configuration file import via Web
Console The configuration file is imported to the AWK.
Console authentication failure An incorrect password is entered.
Firmware upgraded The AWK’s firmware is updated.
Power events Event is triggered when…
Power 1/2 transition (On -> Off) The AWK is powered down in PWR1/2.
PoE transition (On -> Off) The AWK is powered down in PoE.
Power 1/2 transition (Off -> On) The AWK is powered via PWR1/2.
PoE transition (Off -> On) The AWK is powered via PoE.
DI events Event is triggered when…
DI1/2 transition (On -> Off) Digital Input 1/2 is triggered by on to off transition
DI1/2 transition (Off -> On) Digital Input 1/2 is triggered by off to on transition
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Syslog
This function provides the event logs for the Syslog server. The function supports up to three
configurable Syslog servers and Syslog server UDP port numbers. When an event occurs, the
event will be sent as a Syslog UDP packet to the specified Syslog servers.
Syslog Event Types
Detail information for the grouped events is shown in the following table. You can check the box
for Enable log to enable the grouped events. All default values are enabled (checked). Details for
each event group can be found on the “System log Event Types” table on page 3-31.
Syslog Server Settings
You can configure the parameters for your Syslog servers in this page.
Syslog server 1/ 2/ 3
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address Enter the IP address of the 1st/ 2nd/ 3rd
Syslog Server None
Syslog port
Setting Description Factory Default
Port destination
(1 to 65535) Enter the UDP port of the corresponding
Syslog server 514
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E-mail
E-mail Event Types
Check the box for Active to enable the event items. All default values are deactivated (unchecked).
Details for each event item can be found on the “System log Event Types” table on page 3-31.
E-mail Server Settings
You can set up to 4 e-mail addresses to receive alarm emails from the AWK. The following
parameters can be configured on the E-mail Server Settings page. In addition, a Send Test Mail
button can be used to test whether the Mail server and e-mail addresses work well. More detailed
explanations about these parameters are given after the following figure.
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Mail server (SMTP)
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address The IP Address of your email server. None
User name & Password
Setting Description Factory Default
User name and password used in the SMTP
server None
From e-mail address
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 63 characters Enter the administrator’s e-mail address
which will be shown in the “From” field of a
warning e-mail.
None
To E-mail address 1/ 2/ 3/ 4
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 63 characters Enter the receivers’ e-mail addresses. None
Relay
The AWK has one relay output, which consists of 2 terminal block contacts on the AWK’s top
panel. These relay contacts are used to indicate user-configured events and system failure.
The two wires attached to the relay contacts form an open circuit when a user-configured event is
triggered. If a user-configured event does not occur, the relay circuit will remain closed. For safety
reasons, the relay circuit is kept open when the AWK is not powered.
Relay Event Types
You can check the box for Active to enable the event items. All default values are deactivated
(unchecked). Details for each event item can be found in the “System log Event Types” table on
page 3-31.
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Trap
Traps can be used to signal abnormal conditions (notifications) to a management station. This
trap-driven notification can make your network more efficient.
Because a management station usually takes care of a large number of devices that have a large
number of objects, it will be overloading for the management station to poll or send requests to
query every object on every device. It would be better if the managed device agent could notify the
management station by sending a message known as a trap for the event.
Trap Event Types
SNMP Trap Receiver Settings
SNMP traps are defined in SMIv1 MIBs (SNMPv1) and SMIv2 MIBs (SNMPv2c). The two styles
are basically equivalent, and it is possible to convert between the two. You can set the parameters
for SNMP trap receivers through the web page.
1st / 2nd Trap version
Setting Description Factory Default
V1 SNMP trap defined in SNMPv1
V2 SNMP trap defined in SNMPv2 V1
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1st / 2nd Trap server IP/name
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address or host name Enter the IP address or name of the
trap server used by your network. None
1st / 2nd Trap community
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 31 characters
Use a community string match with a
maximum of 31 characters for
authentication.
alert
Status
Associated Client List (for AP mode only)
Associated Client List shows all the clients that are currently associated to a particular AWK. You
can click Select all to select all the content in the list for further editing. You can click Refresh to
refresh the list.
DHCP Client List (for AP mode only)
The DHCP Client List shows all the clients that require and have successfully received IP
assignments. You can click the Refresh button to refresh the list.
You can press Select all button to select all content in the list for further editing.
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System Log
Triggered events are recorded in System Log. You can export the log contents to an available
viewer by clicking Export Log. You can use the Clear Log button to clear the log contents and
the Refresh button to refresh the log.
Relay Status
The status of user-configurable events can be found under Relay Status. The status will refresh
every 5 seconds if the Auto refresh box is checked.
If an event is triggered, it will be noted on this list. System administrators can click Acknowledge
Event when he has acknowledged the event and addressed it.
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DI and Power Status
The status of power inputs and digital inputs is shown on this web page. The status will refresh
every 5 seconds if the Auto refresh box is checked.
Wireless Status
The status for 802.11 info parameters, such as Operation mode and Channel, are shown on the
Wireless Status page. The status will refresh every 5 seconds if the Auto refresh box is checked.
Certain values for 802.11 info may not show up due to different operation modes. As a result,
Current BSSID and Signal strength are not available in AP mode.
It is helpful to use the continuously updated information on this page, such as Signal strength, to
monitor the signal strength of the AWK in Client mode.
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Maintenance
Maintenance functions provide the administrator with tools to manage the AWK and
wired/wireless networks.
Console Settings
You can enable or disable access permission for the following consoles: HTTP, HTTPS, Telnet
and SSH connections. For more security, we recommend you only allow access to the two secured
consoles, HTTPS and SSH.
Ping
Ping helps to diagnose the integrity of wired or wireless networks. By inputting a node’s IP
address in the Destination field, you can use the ping command to make sure it exists and whether
or not the access path is available.
If the node and access path are available, you will see that all packets were successfully
transmitted with no loss. Otherwise, some, or even all, packets may get lost, as shown in the
following figure.
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Firmware Upgrade
The AWK can be enhanced with more value-added functions by installing firmware upgrades. The
latest firmware is available at Moxa’s download center.
Before running a firmware upgrade, make sure the AWK is off-line. Click the Browse button to
specify the firmware image file and click Firmware Upgrade and Restart to start the firmware
upgrade. After the progress bar reaches 100%, the AWK will reboot itself.
When upgrading your firmware, the AWK’s other functions are forbidden.
ATTENTION
Please make sure the power source is stable when you upgrade your firmware. An unexpected
power breakup may damage your AWK.
Config Import Export
You can back up or restore the AWK’s configuration with Config Import Export.
In the Config Import section, click Browse to specify the configuration file and click Config
Import button to begin importing the configuration.
In the Config Export section, click the Config Export button and save the configuration file onto
your local storage media. The configuration file is a text file and you can view and edit it with a
general text-editing tool.
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Load Factory Default
Use this function to reset the AWK and roll all settings back to the factory default values. You can
also reset the hardware by pressing the reset button on the top panel of the AWK.
Password
You can change the administration password for each of the AWK’s console managers by using
the Password function. Before you set up a new password, you must input the current password
and reenter the new password for confirmation. For your security, do not use the default password
root, and remember to change the administration password regularly.
Misc. Settings
Additional settings to help you manage your AWK, are available on this page.
Reset button
Setting Description Factory Default
Always enable The AWK’s Reset button works normally.
Disable after 60 sec The AWK’s reset to default function will
be inactive 60 seconds after the AWK
finishes booting up.
Always enable
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Save Configuration
The following figure shows how the AWK stores the setting changes into volatile and non-volatile
memory. All data stored in volatile memory will disappear when the AWK is shutdown or
rebooted unless they are y. Because the AWK starts up and initializes with the settings stored in
flash memory, all new changes must be saved to flash memory before restarting the AWK.
This also means the new changes will not work unless you run either the Save Configuration
function or the Restart function.
After you click on Save Configuration in the left menu box, the following screen will appear.
Click Save if you wish to update the configuration settings in the flash memory at this time.
Alternatively, you may choose to run other functions and put off saving the configuration until
later. However, the new setting changes will remain in the non-volatile memory until you save the
configurations.
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Restart
If you submitted configuration changes, you will find a blinking string in the upper right corner of
the screen. After making all your changes, click the Restart function in the left menu box. One of
two different screens will appear.
If you made changes recently but did not save, you will be given two options. Clicking the Restart
button here will reboot the AWK directly, and all setting changes will be ignored. Clicking the
Save and Restart button will apply all setting changes and then reboot the AWK.
If you run the Restart function without changing any configurations or saving all your changes,
you will see just one Restart button on your screen.
You will not be able to run any of the AWK’s functions while the system is rebooting.
Logout
Logout helps users disconnect the current HTTP or HTTPS session and go to the Login page. For
security reasons, we recommend you logout before quitting the console manager.
4
4
Chapter 4 Software Installation/Configuration
In this chapter, we cover the following topics:
Overview
AWK Search Utility
Installing AWK Search Utility
Configuring AWK Search Utility
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Overview
The Documentation & Software CD included with your AWK is designed to make the installation
and configuration procedure easy and straightforward. This auto-run CD includes AWK Search
Utility (to broadcast search for all AWK’s accessible over the network), the AWK User’s Manual,
and Quick Installation Guide.
AWK Search Utility
Installing AWK Search Utility
1. Click the INSTALL UTILITY button in the AWK Installation CD auto-run window to install
AWK Search Utility. Once the program starts running, click Yes to proceed.
2. Click Next when the Welcome screen opens to proceed with the installation.
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3. Click Next to install program files to the default directory, or click Browse to select an
alternate location.
4. Click Next to create the program’s shortcut files to the default directory, or click Browse to
select an alternate location.
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5. Click Next to select additional tasks.
6. Click Next to proceed with the installation. The installer then displays a summary of the
installation options.
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7. Click Install to begin the installation. The setup window will report the progress of the
installation. To change the installation settings, click Back and navigate to the previous screen.
8. Click Finish to complete the installation of AWK Search Utility.
Configuring AWK Search Utility
The Broadcast Search function is used to locate all AWK APs that are connected to the same LAN
as your computer. After locating an AWK, you will be able to change its IP address. Since the
Broadcast Search function searches by TCP packet and not IP address, it doesn’t matter if the
AWK is configured as an AP or Client. In either case, APs and Clients connected to the LAN will
be located, regardless of whether or not they are part of the same subnet as the host.
1. Start the AWK Search Utility program. When the Login page appears, select the “Search
AWK only” option to search for AWKs and to view each AWK’s configuration. Select the
“AWK management” option to assign IPs, upgrade firmware, and locate devices.
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2. Open the AWK Search Utility and then click the Search icon.
The “Searching” window indicates the progress of the search.
3. When the search is complete, all AWKs that were located will be displayed in the AWK
Search Utility window.
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Click Locate to cause the selected device to beep.
Make sure your AWK is unlocked before using the search utility’s icons setting. The AWK
will unlock automatically if the password is set to the default. Otherwise you must enter the
new password manually.
Go to Tools AWK login Options to manage and unlock additional AWKs.
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Use the scroll down list to select the MAC addresses of those AWKs you would like to manage,
and then click Add. Key in the password for the AWK device and then click OK to save. If you
return to the search page and search for the AWK again, you will find that the AWK will unlock
automatically.
ATTENTION
For security purposes, we suggest you can change the AWK search utility login password instead
of using default.
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To modify the configuration of the highlighted AWK, click on the Web icon to open the web
console. This will take you to the web console, where you can make all configuration changes.
Refer to Chapter 3, “Using the Web Console,” for information on how to use the web console.
Click on Telnet if you would like to use telnet to configure your AWKs.
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Click Assign IP to change the IP setting.
The three advanced options—Search, Connection, and Miscellaneous—are explained below:
Search
Retry count (default=5): Indicates how many times the search will be retried automatically.
Retry interval (ms): The time lapsed between retries.
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Connection
Connection timeout (secs): Use this option to set the waiting time for the Default Login, Locate,
Assign IP, Upload Firmware, and Unlock to complete.
Upgrade timeout (secs): Use this option to set the waiting time for the connection to disconnect
while the firmware is upgrading. Use this option to set the waiting time for the Firmware to write
to flash.
Misc.
Search on start: Checkmark this box if you would like the search function to start searching for
devices after you log in to the AWK search Utility.
5
5
Chapter 5 Other Console Configurations
This chapter explains how to access the AWK for the first time. In addition to HTTP access, there
are four ways to access AWK: serial console, Telnet console, SSH console, and HTTPS console.
The serial console connection method, which requires using a short serial cable to connect the
AWK to a PC’s COM port, can be used if you do not know the AWK’s IP address. The other
consoles can be used to access the AWK over an Ethernet LAN, or over the Internet.
In this chapter, we cover the following topics:
RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100)
Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles
Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access
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RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100)
The serial console connection method, which requires using a short serial cable to connect the
AWK to a PC’s COM port, can be used if you do not know the AWK’s IP address. It is also
convenient to use serial console configurations when you cannot access the AWK over Ethernet
LAN, such as in the case of LAN cable disconnections or broadcast storming over the LAN.
ATTENTION
Do not use the RS-232 console manager when the AWK is powered at reversed voltage (ex.
-48VDC), even though reverse voltage protection is supported.
If you need to connect the RS-232 console at reversed voltage, Moxa’s TCC-82 isolator is your
best solution.
NOTE
We recommend using Moxa PComm (Lite) Terminal Emulator, which can be downloaded free
of charge from Moxa’s website.
Before running PComm Terminal Emulator, use an RJ45 to DB9-F (or RJ45 to DB25-F) cable to
connect the AWK’s RS-232 console port to your PC’s COM port (generally COM1 or COM2,
depending on how your system is set up). After installing PComm Terminal Emulator, take the
following steps to access the RS-232 console utility.
1. From the Windows desktop, open the Start menu and start PComm Terminal Emulator in the
PComm (Lite) group.
ATTENTION
1. You CANNOT connect to the AWK by two ore more of these console configurations
simultaneously.
2. You can connect to the AWK simultaneously by web browser and serial/ Telnet /SSH
console. However, we strongly suggest that you do NOT use more than one connection
method at the same time. Following this advice will allow you to maintain better control
over the configuration of your AWK.
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2. Select Open under Port Manager to open a new connection.
3. The Communication Parameter page of the Property window opens. Select the appropriate
COM port for Console Connection, 115200 for Baud Rate, 8 for Data Bits, None for Parity,
and 1 for Stop Bits.
4. Click on the Terminal tab, and select VT100 (or ANSI) for Terminal Type. Click on OK to
continue.
5. The Console login screen will appear. Log into the RS-232 console with the login name
(default: admin) and password (default: root, if no new password is set).
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6. The AWK’s device information and Main Menu will be displayed. Please follow the
description on screen and select the administration option you wish to perform.
NOTE
To modify the appearance of the PComm Terminal Emulator window, select Edit Font and
then choose the desired formatting options.
ATTENTION
If you unplug the RS-232 cable or trigger DTR, a disconnection event will be evoked to enforce
logout for network security. You will need to log in again to resume operation.
Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles
You may use Telnet or SSH client to access the AWK and manage the console over a network. To
access the AWK’s functions over the network from a PC host that is connected to the same LAN as
the AWK, you need to make sure that the PC host and the AWK are on the same logical subnet. To
do this, check your PC host’s IP address and subnet mask.
NOTE
The AWK’s default IP address is 192.168.127.253 and the default subnet mask is 255.255.255.0
(for a Class C network). If you do not set these values properly, please check the network
settings of your PC host and then change the IP address to 192.168.127.xxx and subnet mask to
255.255.255.0.
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Follow the steps below to access the console utility via Telnet or SSH client.
1. From Windows Desktop, run Start > Run, and then use Telnet to access the AWK’s IP address
from the Windows Run window. (You may also issue the telnet command from the MS-DOS
prompt.)
When using SSH client (ex. PuTTY), please run the client program (ex. putty.exe) and then input
the AWK’s IP address, specifying 22 for the SSH connection port.
2. The Console login screen will appear. Please refer to the previous paragraph “RS-232 Console
Configuration” and for login and administration.
Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL
To secure your HTTP access, the AWK supports HTTPS/SSL encryption for all HTTP traffic.
Perform the following steps to access the AWK’s web browser interface via HTTPS/SSL.
1. Open your web browser and type https://<AWK’s IP address> in the address field. Press Enter
to establish the connection.
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2. Warning messages will pop out to warn users that the security certificate was issued by a
company they have not chosen to trust.
3. Select Yes to accept the certificate issued by Moxa IW and then enter the AWK’s web browser
interface secured via HTTPS/SSL. (You can see the protocol in URL is https.) Then you can
use the menu tree on the left side of the window to open the function pages to access each of
AWK’s functions.
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access
If you are connecting the AWK to a public network but do not intend to use its management
functions over the network, then we suggest disabling both Telnet Console and Web Configuration.
Please run Maintenance Console Settings to disable them, as shown in the following figure.
6
6
Chapter 6 References
This chapter provides more detailed information about wireless-related technologies. The
information in this chapter can help you administer your AWKs and plan your industrial wireless
network better.
The following topics are covered:
Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
Beacon
DTIM
Fragment
RTS Threshold
STP and RSTP
The STP/RSTP Concept
Differences between RSTP and STP
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Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
Traditionally, APs are connected via Ethernet LAN ports. By using a Wireless Distribution System
(WDS), APs can communicate with one another wirelessly. For example, AP 2 acts as an access
point for the notebook computers or other IEEE802.11-enabled clients, and forwards packets sent
from the notebook computers to AP 1 through WDS. Then, AP 1 forwards the packets to the
Ethernet LAN. Packets destined for the notebook computers follow a reverse path from the
Ethernet LAN through the APs to the notebook computers. In this way, AP 2 acts as an “AP
repeater.”
By using WDS, two or more LAN segments can be connected wirelessly. As illustrated in the
above figure, a pair of wireless LAN-to-LAN bridges is used to connect two LAN segments. Since
the AP is WDS-enabled, it can be used as a wireless bridge.
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It is a good idea to plan your wireless network by drawing a diagram so that you know how each
AWK is connected to other peer APs or wireless bridges by WDS, and how bridges are connected
to other peer bridges by WDS. See the following figure for an example of a network-planning
diagram.
ATTENTION
Be sure to eliminate loops from networks that consist of wireless bridges, Ethernet switches,
Ethernet links, and WDS links. If any loops exist, packets will circle around the loops and
network performance will be seriously degraded. The following figure shows a network topology
containing a loop.
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Beacon
A beacon is a packet broadcast by the AP to keep the network synchronized. A beacon includes the
wireless LAN service area, the AP address, the Broadcast destination address, a time stamp,
Delivery Traffic Indicator Maps (DTIM), and the Traffic Indicator Message (TIM). Beacon
Interval indicates the frequency interval of AP.
DTIM
Delivery Traffic Indication Map (DTIM) is contained in beacon frames. It is used to indicate that
broadcast and multicast frames buffered by the AP will be delivered shortly. Lower settings result
in more efficient networking, while preventing your PC from dropping into power-saving sleep
mode. Higher settings allow your PC to enter sleep mode, thus saving power.
Fragment
A lower setting means smaller packets, which will create more packets for each transmission. If
you have decreased this value and experience high packet error rates, you can increase it again, but
it will likely decrease overall network performance. Only minor modifications of this value are
recommended.
RTS Threshold
RTS Threshold (256-2346) – This setting determines how large a packet can be before the Access
Point coordinates transmission and reception to ensure efficient communication. This value should
remain at its default setting of 2,346. When you encounter inconsistent data flow, only minor
modifications are recommended.
STP and RSTP
The STP/RSTP Concept
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) was designed to help reduce link failures in a network, and
provide protection from loops. Networks that have a complicated architecture are prone to
broadcast storms caused by unintended loops in the network. The STP protocol is part of the
IEEE802.1D standard, 1998 Edition bridge specification.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) implements the Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol
defined by IEEE802.1w-2001 standard. RSTP provides the following benefits:
The topology of a bridged network will be determined much more quickly compared to STP.
RSTP is backward compatible with STP, making it relatively easy to deploy. For example:
Defaults to sending 802.1D-style BPDUs if packets with this format are received.
STP (802.1D) and RSTP (802.1w) can operate on the LAN ports and WLAN ports (AP
and WDS1-WDS8) of the same AWK.
This feature is particularly helpful when the AWK connects to older equipment, such as legacy
switches.
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Differences between RSTP and STP
RSTP is similar to STP, but includes additional information in the BPDUs that allow each bridge
to confirm that it has taken action to prevent loops from forming when it decides to enable a link
to a neighboring bridge. Adjacent bridges connected via point-to-point links will be able to enable
a link without waiting to ensure that all other bridges in the network have had time to react to the
change. The main benefit of RSTP is that the configuration decision is made locally rather than
network-wide, allowing RSTP to carry out automatic configuration and restore a link faster than
STP.
7
7
Chapter 7 Supporting Information
This chapter presents additional information about this manual and product. You can also learn
how to contact Moxa for technical support.
The following topics are covered:
About This User’s Manual
DoC (Declaration of Conformity)
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
R&TTE Compliance Statement
Firmware Recovery
Technical Support Contact Information
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About This User’s Manual
This manual is mainly designed for, but no limited to, the following hardware and firmware for the
AWK:
Hardware Rev: 1.1
Firmware Ver: 1.1
You are strongly recommended to visit Moxa’s website (http://www.moxa.com) and find the latest
product datasheet, firmware, QIG (Quick Installation Guide), UM (User’s Manual) and related
information.
NOTE
You can find out the hardware revision number of AWK on the side label.
The firmware version number can be seen on the Overview page, as follow:
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DoC (Declaration of Conformity)
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions,
may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful
interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off
and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is
connected.
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Caution: To assure continued compliance, (example – use only shielded interface cables
when connecting to computer or peripheral devices). Any changes or modifications not expressly
approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate this
equipment. This transmitter must not be co-located or operated in conjunction with any other
antenna or transmitter.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled
environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 cm
between the radiator & your body.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept
any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
FCC 15.407(e): Within the 5.150-5.725 GHz band, U-NII devices will be restricted to indoor
operations to reduce any potential for harmful interference to co-channel MSS operations.
R&TTE Compliance Statement
This equipment complies with all the requirements of DIRECTIVE 1999/5/CE OF THE
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and
telecommunication terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (R&TTE).
The R&TTE Directive repeals and replaces in the directive 98/13/EEC (Telecommunications
Terminal Equipment and Satellite Earth Station Equipment) as of April 8, 2000.
Safety
This equipment is designed with the utmost care for the safety of those who install and use it.
However, special attention must be paid to the dangers of electric shock and static electricity when
working with electrical equipment. All guidelines of this and of the computer manufacturer must
therefore be allowed at all times to ensure the safe use of the equipment.
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EU Countries Intended for Use
The ETSI version of this device is intended for home and office use in Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France (with Frequency channel restrictions), Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands, and United Kingdom.
The ETSI version of this device is also authorized for use in EFTA member states Norway and
Switzerland.
EU Countries Not Intended for Use
None.
Potential Restrictive Use
France: only channels 10, 11, 12, and 13.
Firmware Recovery
When the LEDs of FAULT, Signal Strength, CLIENT, BRIDGE and WLAN all light up
simultaneously and blink at one-second interval, it means the system booting has failed. It may
result from some wrong operation or uncontrollable issues, such as an unexpected shutdown
during firmware update. The AWK is designed to help administrators recover such damage and
resume system operation rapidly. You can refer to the following instructions to recover the
firmware:
Connect to the AWK’s ES-232 console with 115200bps and N-8-1. You will see the following
message shown on the terminal emulator every one second.
Press Ctrl - C and the following message will appear.
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Enter 2 to change the network setting. Specify where the AWK’s firmware file on the TFTP server
and press y to write the settings into flash memory.
AWK restarts, and the “Press Ctrl-C to enter Firmware Recovery Process…” message will
reappear. Press Ctrl-C to enter the menu and select 1 to start the firmware upgrade process.
Select 0 in the sub-menu to load the firmware image via LAN, and then enter the file name of the
firmware to start the firmware recovery.
Technical Support Contact Information
Customer satisfaction is our number one concern, and to ensure that customers receive the full
benefit of our products, Moxa Internet Services has been set up to provide technical support, driver
updates, product information, certification status, installation guide and user’s manual updates.
The following services are provided:
E-mail for technical support:
support@moxa.com (Worldwide)
support@usa.moxa.com (The Americas)
World Wide Web (WWW) Site for product information:
http://www.moxa.com