Moxa WAPA003 IEEE 802.11a/b/g miniPCI module User Manual WAPA003 UserMan 20100804

Moxa Inc. IEEE 802.11a/b/g miniPCI module WAPA003 UserMan 20100804

WAPA003 UserMan 20100804

AirWorks AWK-3121 User’s Manual
Fifth Edition, May 2010
www.moxa.com/product
© 2010 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.
Reproduction without permission is prohibited.
AirWorks AWK-3121 User’s Manual
The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with
the terms of that agreement.
Copyright Notice
Copyright ©2010 Moxa Inc.
All rights reserved.
Reproduction without permission is prohibited.
Trademarks
The MOXA logo is a registered trademark of Moxa Inc.
All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers.
Disclaimer
Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of
Moxa.
Moxa provides this document as is, without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited
to, its particular purpose. Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and/or changes to this manual, or to the
products and/or the programs described in this manual, at any time.
Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, Moxa assumes no responsibility for
its use, or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use.
This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein to correct such errors, and these changes are incorporated into new editions of the publication.
Technical Support Contact Information
www.moxa.com/support
Moxa Americas
Toll-free: 1-888-669-2872
Tel: +1-714-528-6777
Fax: +1-714-528-6778
Moxa China (Shanghai office)
Toll-free: 800-820-5036
Tel: +86-21-5258-9955
Fax: +86-10-6872-3958
Moxa Europe
Tel: +49-89-3 70 03 99-0
Fax: +49-89-3 70 03 99-99
Moxa Asia-Pacific
Tel: +886-2-8919-1230
Fax: +886-2-8919-1231
Table of Contents
1.Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1-1
Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 1-2
Package Checklist ............................................................................................................................... 1-2
Product Features ................................................................................................................................ 1-2
Product Specifications ......................................................................................................................... 1-3
Functional Design ............................................................................................................................... 1-5
LED Indicators ............................................................................................................................ 1-5
Beeper ....................................................................................................................................... 1-6
Reset Button ............................................................................................................................... 1-6
Relay (Digital Output) .................................................................................................................. 1-6
2.Getting Started ................................................................................................................................. 2-1
First-time Installation and Configuration ................................................................................................ 2-2
Communication Testing ....................................................................................................................... 2-3
Function Map ..................................................................................................................................... 2-5
3.Web Console Configuration ............................................................................................................... 3-1
Web Browser Configuration .................................................................................................................. 3-2
Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 3-3
Basic Settings .................................................................................................................................... 3-4
System Info Settings ................................................................................................................... 3-4
Network Settings ......................................................................................................................... 3-5
Time Settings ............................................................................................................................. 3-5
Wireless Settings ................................................................................................................................ 3-7
Operation Mode .................................................................................................................................. 3-7
Basic Wireless Settings ........................................................................................................................ 3-8
WLAN Security Settings ............................................................................................................. 3-10
Advanced Wireless Settings ........................................................................................................ 3-16
WLAN Certification Settings (for EAP-TLS in Client mode only) ........................................................ 3-19
Advanced Settings ............................................................................................................................ 3-20
Using Virtual LAN ...................................................................................................................... 3-20
Configuring Virtual LAN .............................................................................................................. 3-21
DHCP Server (for AP mode only) ................................................................................................. 3-22
Packet Filters ............................................................................................................................ 3-23
RSTP Settings (for AP mode only)................................................................................................ 3-25
SNMP Agent ............................................................................................................................. 3-27
Auto Warning Settings ....................................................................................................................... 3-29
System Log .............................................................................................................................. 3-29
Syslog ..................................................................................................................................... 3-30
E-mail ...................................................................................................................................... 3-30
Relay ....................................................................................................................................... 3-32
Trap ........................................................................................................................................ 3-32
Status ............................................................................................................................................. 3-33
Associated Client List (for AP mode only)...................................................................................... 3-33
DHCP Client List (for AP mode only) ............................................................................................ 3-34
System Log .............................................................................................................................. 3-34
Relay Status ............................................................................................................................. 3-35
DI and Power Status .................................................................................................................. 3-35
Wireless Status ......................................................................................................................... 3-35
Maintenance .................................................................................................................................... 3-36
Console Settings ....................................................................................................................... 3-36
Ping ......................................................................................................................................... 3-36
Firmware Upgrade ..................................................................................................................... 3-36
Config Import Export ................................................................................................................. 3-37
Load Factory Default .................................................................................................................. 3-37
Password ................................................................................................................................. 3-37
Misc. Settings ........................................................................................................................... 3-38
Save Configuration ........................................................................................................................... 3-38
Restart ............................................................................................................................................ 3-39
Logout ............................................................................................................................................ 3-39
4.Software Installation and Configuration ........................................................................................... 4-1
Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 4-2
AWK Search Utility .............................................................................................................................. 4-2
Installing AWK Search Utility ........................................................................................................ 4-2
Configuring AWK Search Utility ..................................................................................................... 4-4
5.Other Console Considerations ........................................................................................................... 5-1
RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100) .................................................................... 5-2
Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles ............................................................................................. 5-3
Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL ...................................................................................... 5-4
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access ..................................................................................................... 5-5
A.References ........................................................................................................................................ A-1
Wireless Distribution System (WDS) ..................................................................................................... A-2
Beacon .............................................................................................................................................. A-3
DTIM ................................................................................................................................................. A-3
Fragment ........................................................................................................................................... A-3
RTS Threshold .................................................................................................................................... A-3
STP and RSTP .................................................................................................................................... A-4
The STP/RSTP Concept ................................................................................................................ A-4
Differences between RSTP and STP ................................................................................................ A-4
B.Supporting Information .................................................................................................................... B-1
About This User’s Manual ..................................................................................................................... B-2
DoC (Declaration of Conformity) ........................................................................................................... B-2
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement ............................................................ B-2
R&TTE Compliance Statement ....................................................................................................... B-3
Firmware Recovery ............................................................................................................................. B-4
1
1. Introduction
The AirWorks AWK-3121 enables wireless users to access network resources wirelessly. The AWK-3121 is rated
to operate at temperatures ranging from 0 to 60°C for standard models and -40 to 75°C for wide temperature
models, and is rugged enough for any harsh industrial environment.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
Overview
Package Checklist
Product Features
Product Specifications
Functional Design
¾ LED Indicators
¾ Beeper
¾ Reset Button
¾ Relay (Digital Output)
AirWorks AWK-3121 Introduction
1-2
Overview
The AWK-3121 Access-Point/Bridge and AP Client is ideal for applications that are hard to wire, too expensive
to wire, or use mobile equipment that connects to a TCP/IP network. The AWK-3121 can operate at
temperatures ranging from 0 to 60°C for standard models and -40 to 75°C for extended temperature models,
and is rugged enough for any harsh industrial environment. Installation is easy, with either DIN-Rail mounting
or wall mounting in distribution boxes. The DIN-Rail/wall mounting capability, wide operating temperature
range, and IP30 housing with LED indicators make the AWK-3121 a convenient yet reliable solution for any
industrial wireless application.
Package Checklist
Moxa’s AWK-3121 is shipped with the following items. If any of these items is missing or damaged, please
contact your customer service representative for assistance.
• 1 AWK-3121
• Swivel-type antennas (2dBi, RP-SMA, 2.4&5GHz)
• Quick Installation Guide
• Software CD
• Moxa Product Warranty Card
• Cable holder with 1 screw
• Protective caps
NOTE
The above items come with the standard AWK-3121 model, but the package contents may vary for
customized versions.
Product Features
• IEEE802.11a/b/g compliant
• Three-in-one design (AP/Bridge/Client)
• Advanced wireless security:
¾ 64-bit and 128-bit WEP/WPA/WPA2
¾ SSID Hiding/IEEE 802.1X/RADIUS
¾ Packet access control & filtering
• STP/RSTP support for network system redundancy
• Long-distance transmission support
• Turbo RoamingTM enables rapid handover (Client mode)
• Dedicated antenna selection
• Free firmware update for more advanced functions
• RS-232 console management
• 2DI+1DO for on-site monitoring and warnings
• Wide -40 to 75°C operating temperature range (-T model)
• Redundant 24 VDC power inputs or IEEE802.3af Power over Ethernet
• DIN-Rail or wall mounting
• IP30 protected high-strength metal housing
AirWorks AWK-3121 Introduction
1-3
Product Specifications
WLAN Interface
Standards:
IEEE 802.11a/b/g/h for Wireless LAN
IEEE 802.11i for Wireless Security
IEEE 802.3u for 10/100BaseT(X)
IEEE 802.3af for Power-over-Ethernet
IEEE 802.1D for Spanning Tree Protocol
IEEE 802.1w for Rapid STP
IEEE 802.1Q VLAN
Spread Spectrum and Modulation (typical):
• DSSS with DBPSK, DQPSK, CCK
• OFDM with BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM
• 802.11b: CCK @ 11/5.5 Mbps, DQPSK @ 2 Mbps, DBPSK @ 11 Mbps
• 802.11a/g: 64QAM @ 54/48 Mbps, 16QAM @ 36/24 Mbps, QPSK @ 18/12 Mbps, BPSK @ 9/6 Mbps
Operating Channels (central frequency):
US:
2.412 to 2.462 GHz (11 channels)
5.18 to 5.24 GHz (4 channels)
EU:
2.412 to 2.472 GHz (13 channels)
5.18 to 5.24 GHz (4 channels)
JP:
2.412 to 2.472 GHz (13 channels, OFDM)
2.412 to 2.484 GHz (14 channels, DSSS)
5.18 to 5.24 GHz (4 channels for W52)
Security:
• SSID broadcast enable/disable
• Firewall for MAC/IP/Protocol/Port-based filtering
• 64-bit and 128-bit WEP encryption, WPA /WPA2-Personal and Enterprise (IEEE 802.1X/RADIUS, TKIP and
AES)
Transmission Rates:
802.11b: 1, 2, 5.5, 11 Mbps
802.11a/g: 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 Mbps
TX Transmit Power (for hardware revision 1.2):
802.11b:
Typ. 23±1.5 dBm @ 1 to 11 Mbps
802.11g:
Typ. 20±1.5 dBm @ 6 to 24 Mbps, Typ. 19±1.5 dBm @ 36 Mbps, Typ. 18±1.5 dBm @ 48 Mbps, Typ. 17±1.5
dBm @ 54 Mbps
802.11a:
Typ. 18±1.5 dBm @ 6 to 24 Mbps, Typ. 16±1.5 dBm @ 36 to 48 Mbps, Typ. 15±1.5 dBm @ 54 Mbps
RX Sensitivity (for hardware revision 1.2):
802.11b:
-97 dBm @ 1 Mbps, -94 dBm @ 2 Mbps, -92 dBm @ 5.5 Mbps, -90 dBm @ 11 Mbps
802.11g:
-93 dBm @ 6 Mbps, -91 dBm @ 9 Mbps, -90 dBm @ 12 Mbps, -88 dBm @ 18 Mbps, -84 dBm @ 24 Mbps, -80
dBm @ 36 Mbps, -76 dBm @ 48 Mbps, -74 dBm @ 54 Mbps
802.11a:
-90 dBm @ 6 Mbps, -89 dBm @ 9 Mbps, -89 dBm @ 12 Mbps, -85 dBm @ 18 Mbps, -83 dBm @ 24 Mbps, -79
dBm @ 36 Mbps, -75 dBm @ 48 Mbps, -74 dBm @ 54 Mbps
AirWorks AWK-3121 Introduction
1-4
TX Transmit Power (for hardware revisions 1.0 and 1.1):
802.11b:
Typ. 18±1.5 dBm @ 1 to 11 Mbps
802.11g:
Typ. 18±1.5 dBm @ 6 to 24 Mbps, Typ. 16±1.5 dBm @ 36 to 48 Mbps, Typ. 15±1.5 dBm @ 54 Mbps
802.11a:
Typ. 16±1.5 dBm @ 6 to 24 Mbps, Typ. 14±1.5 dBm @ 36 to 48 Mbps, Typ. 13±1.5 dBm @ 54 Mbps
RX Sensitivity (for hardware revisions 1.0 and 1.1):
802.11b:
-92 dBm @ 1 Mbps, -90 dBm @ 2 Mbps, -88 dBm @ 5.5 Mbps, -84 dBm @ 11 Mbps
802.11g:
-87 dBm @ 6 Mbps, -86 dBm @ 9 Mbps, -85 dBm @ 12 Mbps, -82 dBm @ 18 Mbps, -80 dBm @ 24 Mbps, -76
dBm @ 36 Mbps, -72 dBm @ 48 Mbps, -70 dBm @ 54 Mbps
802.11a:
-87 dBm @ 6 Mbps, -86 dBm @ 9 Mbps, -85 dBm @ 12 Mbps, -82 dBm @ 18 Mbps, -80 dBm @ 24 Mbps, -76
dBm @ 36 Mbps, -72 dBm @ 48 Mbps, -70 dBm @ 54 Mbps
Protocol Support
General Protocols: Proxy ARP, DNS, HTTP, HTTPS, IP, ICMP, SNTP, TCP, UDP, RADIUS, SNMP, PPPoE, DHCP
AP-only Protocols: ARP, BOOTP, DHCP, dynamic VLAN-Tags for 802.1X-Clients, STP/RSTP (IEEE 802.1D/w)
Interface
Default Antenna: 2 dBi dual-band omni-directional antenna, RP-SMA (male)
Connector for External Antennas: RP-SMA (female)
LAN Ports: 1, 10/100BaseT(X), auto negotiation speed (RJ45-type)
Console for External Antenna: RS-232 (RJ45-type)
LED Indicators: PWR1, PWR2, PoE, FAULT, STATE, signal strength, CLIENT MODE, BRIDGE MODE, WLAN,
10M, 100M
Alarm Contact: 1 relay output with current carrying capacity of 1 A @ 24 VDC
Digital Inputs: 2 electrically isolated inputs
• +13 to +30 V for state “1”
• +3 to -30 V for state “0”
• Max. input current: 8 mA
Physical Characteristics
Housing: Metal, providing IP30 protection
Weight: 850 g
Dimensions: 53.6 x 135 x 105 mm (2.11 x 5.31 x 4.13 in)
Installation: DIN-Rail mounting, wall mounting (with optional kit)
Environmental Limits
Operating Temperature:
Standard Models: 0 to 60°C (32 to 140°F)
Wide Temp. Models: -40 to 75°C (-40 to 167°F)
Storage Temperature: -40 to 85°C (-40 to 185°F)
Ambient Relative Humidity: 5% to 95% (non-condensing)
Power Requirements
Input Voltage: 12 to 48 VDC, redundant dual DC power inputs or 48 VDC Power-over-Ethernet (IEEE 802.3a
f
compliant)
Connector: 10-pin removable terminal block
Power Consumption:
• 0.121 to 0.494 A @ 12 to 48 VDC
• 0.3 A @ 24 VDC
Reverse Polarity Protection: Present
Regulatory Approvals
Safety: EN60950-1, UL60950-1
Radio: EN300 328, EN301 893, ARIB STD-33/T66/T71 (Japan)
AirWorks AWK-3121 Introduction
1-5
EMC: EN301 489-1/-17, FCC Part 15, EN55022/55024, IEC61000-6-2/-4
Transportation: EN50155 (Environmental), EN50121-1/-4 (Environmental), Directive 72/245/EEC (for
e/E-mark)
Hazardous Location: UL/cUL Class I, Div. 2; ATEX Class I, Zone 2
Note: Please check Moxa’s website for the most up-to-date certification status.
Warranty
Warranty Period: 5 years
Details: See www.moxa.com/warranty
ATTENTION
• The AWK-3121 is NOT a portable mobile device and should be located at least 20 cm away from the human
body.
• The AWK-3121 is NOT designed for the general public. A well-trained technician should be enlisted to
ensure safe deployment of AWK-3121 units, and to establish a wireless network.
Functional Design
LED Indicators
The LEDs on the front panel of the AWK-3121 provide a quick and easy means of determining the current
operational status and wireless settings.
The FAULT LED indicates system failures and user-configured events. If the AWK-3121 cannot retrieve the IP
address from a DHCP server, the FAULT LED will blink at one second intervals. The SIGNAL LEDs indicate
signal strength, and only operate in Client mode.
Signal Strength
LEDs
Fault LED
The following table summarizes how to read the device’s wireless settings from the LED displays. More
information is available in Chapter 3 in the “Basic Wireless Settings” section.
Basic Wireless Settings LEDs Note
Operation mode WDS CLIENT
BRIDGE SIGNAL
AP Disabled off off – AP mode
AP Enabled off on – Bridge mode: WDS is enabled
Client – on off 0 Client mode: no association
Client – on off 1 Client mode: associated, poor signal
Client – on off 2-5 Client mode: associated, good signal
AirWorks AWK-3121 Introduction
1-6
ATTENTION
The FAULT, SIGNAL, CLIENT, BRIDGE, and WLAN LEDs lighting up simultaneously and blinking at
one-second intervals indicates that the system has failed to boot. This may be due to improper operation or
an uncontrollable factor, such as an unexpected shutdown during firmware update. Instructions on how to
recover the firmware can be found in Chapter 6 in the “Firmware Recovery” section.
Beeper
The beeper emits two short beeps when the system is ready.
Reset Button
The RESET button is located on the top panel of the AWK-3121. You can reboot the AWK-3121 or reset it to
factory default settings by pressing the RESET button with a pointed object such as an unfolded paper clip.
• System reboot: Hold the RESET button down for under 5 seconds and then release.
• Reset to factory default: Hold the RESET button down for over 5 seconds until the STATE LED starts
blinking green. Release the button to reset the AWK-3121.
Relay (Digital Output)
The AWK-3121 has one relay output consisting of the 2 terminal block contacts on the top panel, as shown
below. These relay contacts are used to forward system failures and user-configured events.
The two wires attached to the relay contacts form an open circuit when a user-configured event is triggered. If
a user-configured event does not occur, the relay circuit will remain closed. For safety reasons, the relay circuit
is kept open when the AWK-3121 is not powered up.
Summary of the AWK-3121’s Relay Status
Power Status Event Relay
Off – Open
On Yes Open
No Short
2
2. Getting Started
This chapter explains how to install Moxa’s AirWorks AWK-3121 for the first time, and quickly set up your
wireless network and test whether the connection is running well. The function guide provides a convenient
means of determining which functions you need to use.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
First-time Installation and Configuration
Communication Testing
Function Map
AirWorks AWK-3121 Getting Started
2-2
First-time Installation and Configuration
Before installing the AWK-3121, make sure that all items in the Package Checklist are in the box. You will need
access to a notebook computer or PC equipped with an Ethernet port. The AWK-3121 has a default IP address
that must be used when connecting to the device for the first time.
• Step 1: Select the power source.
The AWK-3121 can be powered by a DC power input or PoE (Power over Ethernet). The AWK-3121 will use
whichever power source you choose.
• Step 2: Connect the AWK-3121 to a notebook or PC.
Since the AWK-3121 supports MDI/MDI-X auto-sensing, you can use either a straight-through cable or
crossover cable to connect the AWK-3121 to a computer. The LED indicator on the AWK-3121’s LAN port
will light up when a connection is established.
• Step 3: Set up the computer’s IP address.
Choose an IP address on the same subnet as the AWK-3121. Since the AWK-3121’s default IP address is
192.168.127.253, and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, you should set the IP address of the
computer to 192.168.127.xxx.
NOTE After you select Maintenance Æ Load Factory Default and click the Submit button, the AWK-3121 will be
reset to factory default settings and the IP address will be reset to 192.168.127.253.
• Step 4: Use the web-based manager to configure the AWK-3121
Open your computer’s web browser and type http://192.168.127.253 in the address field to access the
homepage of the web-based Network Manager. Before the homepage opens, you will need to enter the user
name and password as shown in the following figure. For first-time configuration, enter the default user
name and password and then click on the Login button:
NOTE Default user name and password:
User Name: admin
Password: root
For security reasons, we strongly recommend changing the default password. To do so, select Maintenance
Æ Password, and then follow the on-screen instructions to change the password.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Getting Started
2-3
NOTE After you click Submit to apply changes the web page will refresh (Updated) will appear on the page and a
blinking reminder will be shown on the upper-right corner of the web page:
To activate the changes click Restart and then Save and Restart after you change the settings. About 30
seconds are needed for the AWK-3121 to complete the reboot procedure.
• Step 5: Select the AWK-3121 operation mode.
By default, the AWK-3121’s operation mode is set to AP. You can change to Client mode in Wireless
Settings Æ Basic Wireless Settings. Detailed information about configuring the AWK-3121’s operation
can be found in Chapter 3.
• Step 6: Test communications.
In the following sections we describe two test methods that can be used to ensure that a network
connection has been established.
Communication Testing
After installing the AWK-3121 you can run a sample test to make sure the AWK-3121 and wireless connection
are functioning normally. Two testing methods are described below. Use the first method if you are using only
one AWK-3121 device, and use the second method if you are using two or more AWK-3121 units.
How to Test One AWK-3121
If you are only using one AWK-3121, you will need a second notebook computer equipped with a WLAN card.
Configure the WLAN card to connect to the AWK-3121 (NOTE: the default SSID is MOXA), and change the IP
address of the second notebook (Notebook B) so that it is on the same subnet as the first notebook (Notebook
A), which is connected to the AWK-3121.
After configuring the WLAN card, establish a wireless connection with the AWK-3121 and open a DOS window
on Notebook B. At the prompt, type
ping <IP address of notebook A>
and then press Enter (see the figure below). A “Reply from IP address …” response means the communication
was successful. A “Request timed out.” response means the communication failed. In this case, recheck the
configuration to make sure the connections are correct.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Getting Started
2-4
How to Test Two or More AWK-3121 Units
If you have two or more AWK-3121 units, you will need a second notebook computer (Notebook B) equipped
with an Ethernet port. Use the default settings for the first AWK-3121 connected to notebook A and change the
second or third AWK-3121 connected to notebook B to Client mode, and then configure the notebooks and
AWK-3121 units properly.
After setting up the testing environment, open a DOS window on notebook B. At the prompt, type:
ping <IP address of notebook A>
and then press Enter. A “Reply from IP address …” response means the communication was successful. A
“Request timed out” response means the communication failed. In this case, recheck the configuration to make
sure the connections are correct.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Getting Started
2-5
Function Map
Basic settings for administering the AWK-3121
Essential settings related to establishing a
wireless network
Advanced features to support additional network
management and secure wired and wireless
communication
Note: These advanced functions are all optional.
Application-oriented device
management functions to set up
events, traps, and reactions via relay
warning, e-mail, and SNMP
notification
Note: These functions are all optional.
Real-time status information for monitoring
wired/wireless network performance, advanced
services, and device management functions.
Functions for maintaining the AWK-3121, and for
dia
g
nosin
g
the network.
On-demand functions to support the web-based
console
mana
g
ement o
p
eration.
Quick overview of the AWK-3121’s status
3
3. Web Console Configuration
In this chapter, we explain all aspects of web-based console configuration. Moxa’s easy-to-use management
functions help you set up your AWK-3121 and make it easy to establish and maintain your wireless network.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
Web Browser Configuration
Overview
Basic Settings
¾ System Info Settings
¾ Network Settings
¾ Time Settings
Wireless Settings
Operation Mode
Basic Wireless Settings
¾ WLAN Security Settings
¾ Advanced Wireless Settings
¾ WLAN Certification Settings (for EAP-TLS in
Client mode only)
Advanced Settings
¾ Using Virtual LAN
¾ Configuring Virtual LAN
¾ DHCP Server (for AP mode only)
¾ Packet Filters
¾ RSTP Settings (for AP mode only)
¾ SNMP Agent
Auto Warning Settings
¾ System Log
¾ Syslog
¾ E-mail
¾ Relay
¾ Trap
Status
¾ Associated Client List (for AP mode only)
¾ DHCP Client List (for AP mode only)
¾ System Log
¾ Relay Status
¾ DI and Power Status
¾ Wireless Status
Maintenance
¾ Console Settings
¾ Ping
¾ Firmware Upgrade
¾ Config Import Export
¾ Load Factory Default
¾ Password
¾ Misc. Settings
Save Configuration
Restart
Logout
AirWorks AWK-3121 Web Console Configuration
3-2
Web Browser Configuration
Moxa AWK-3121’s web browser interface provides a convenient way to modify its configuration and access the
built-in monitoring and network administration functions. The recommended web browser is Microsoft®
Internet Explorer 7.0 or 8.0 with JVM (Java Virtual Machine) installed.
NOTE To use the AWK-3121’s management and monitoring functions from a PC host connected to the same LAN as
the AWK-3121, you must make sure that the PC host and the AWK-3121 are on the same logical subnet.
Similarly, if the AWK-3121 is configured for other VLAN settings, you must make sure your PC host is on the
management VLAN.
The Moxa AWK-3121’s default IP is 192.168.127.253.
Follow these steps to access the AWK-3121’s web-based console management interface.
1. Open your web browser (e.g., Internet Explorer) and type the AWK-3121’s IP address in the address field.
Press Enter to establish the connection.
2. The Web Console Login page will open. Enter the password (default Username = admin; default Password
= root) and then click Login to continue.
3. You may need to wait a few moments for the web page to download to your computer. Note that the Model
name and IP address of your AWK-312 are both shown in the title bar of the web page. This information can
be used to help you identify multiple AWK-3121 units.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Web Console Configuration
3-3
4. Use the menu tree on the left side of the window to open the function pages to access each of the
AWK-3121’s functions.
In the following paragraphs, we describe each AWK-3121 management function in detail. A quick overview is
available in this manual in the “Function Map” section of Chapter 2.
NOTE The model name of the AWK-3121 is shown as AWK-3121-XX, where XX indicates the country code. The
country code indicates the AWK-3121 version and which bandwidth it uses. We use AWK-3121-US as an
example in the following figures. (The country code and model name that appears on your computer screen
may be different than the one shown here.)
NOTE For security reasons, you will need to log back into the AWK-3121 after a 5-minute time-out.
Overview
The Overview page summarizes the AWK-3121’s current status. The information is categorized into several
groups: System info, Device info, and 802.11 info.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Web Console Configuration
3-4
Click on SSID for more detailed 802.11 information, as shown in the following figure.
NOTE
The 802.11 info that is displayed may be different for different operation modes. For example, “Current
BSSID” is not available in Client mode, and “Signal strength” is not available in AP mode.
Basic Settings
The Basic Settings group includes the most commonly used settings required by administrators to maintain and
control the AWK-3121.
System Info Settings
The System Info items, especially Device name and Device description, are displayed and included on the
Overview page, in SNMP information, and in alarm emails. Setting System Info items makes it easier to
identify the different AWK-3121 units connected to your network.
Device name
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 31 of characters This option is useful for specifying the role or application of
different AWK-3121 units. AWK-3121_<Serial
No. of this
AWK-3121>
Device location
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. of 31 characters Specifies the location of different AWK-3121 units. None
Device description
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. of 31 characters Use this space to record amore detailed description of the
AWK-3121 None
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Device contact information
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. of 31 characters Provides information about whom to contact in order to resolve
problems. Use this space to record contact information of the
person responsible for maintaining this AWK-3121.
None
Network Settings
The Network Settings configuration panel allows you to modify the usual TCP/IP network parameters. An
explanation of each configuration item is given below.
IP configuration
Setting Description Factory Default
DHCP The AWK-3121’s IP address will be assigned automatically by
the network’s DHCP server Static
Static Set up the AWK-3121’s IP address manually.
IP address
Setting Description Factory Default
AWK-3121’s IP address Identifies the AWK-3121 on a TCP/IP network. 192.168.127.253
Subnet mask
Setting Description Factory Default
AWK-3121’s subnet
mask Identifies the type of network to which the AWK-3121 is
connected (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a Class B network, or
255.255.255.0 for a Class C network).
255.255.255.0
Gateway
Setting Description Factory Default
AWK-3121’s default
gateway The IP address of the router that connects the LAN to an outside
network. None
Primary/ Secondary DNS server
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address of the
Primary/Secondary
DNS server
The IP address of the DNS Server used by your network. After
entering the DNS Server’s IP address, you can input the
AWK-3121’s URL (e.g., http://ap11.abc.com) in your browser’s
address field instead of entering the IP address. The Secondary
DNS server will be used if the Primary DNS server fails to
connect.
None
Time Settings
The AWK-3121 has a time calibration function based on information from an NTP server or user specified Date
and Time information. Functions such as Auto warning can add real-time information to the message.
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The Current local time shows the AWK-3121’s system time when you open this web page. You can click on
the Set Time button to activate the updated date and time parameters. An “(Updated)” string will appear to
indicate that the change is complete. Local time settings will be immediately activated in the system without
running Save and Restart.
NOTE The AWK-3121 has a built-in real time clock (RTC). We strongly recommend that users update the Local time
for the AWK-3121 after the initial setup or a long-term shutdown, especially when the network does not have
an Internet connection for accessing the NTP server or there is no NTP server on the LAN.
Current local time
Setting Description Factory Default
User adjustable time The date and time parameters allow configuration of the local
time, with immediate activation.
Use 24-hour format: yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss
None
Time zone
Setting Description Factory Default
User selectable time
zone The time zone setting allows conversion from GMT (Greenwich
Mean Time) to local time. GMT (Greenwich
Mean Time)
ATTENTION
Changing the time zone will automatically adjust the Current local time. You should configure the Time
zone before setting the Current local time.
Daylight saving time
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ Disable Daylight saving time (also know as DST or summer time)
involves advancing clocks (usually 1 hour) during the summer
time to provide an extra hour of daylight in the afternoon.
Disable
When Daylight saving time is enabled, the following parameters will be shown:
• Starts at: The date that daylight saving time begins.
• Stops at: The date that daylight saving time ends.
• Time offset: Indicates how many hours forward the clock should be advanced.
Time server 1/2
Setting Description Factory Default
IP/Name of Time
Server 1/2 IP or Domain name of the NTP time server. The 2nd NTP server
will be used if the 1st NTP server fails to connect. None
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Query period
Setting Description Factory Default
Query period time
(1 to 9999 seconds) This parameter determines how often the time is updated from
the NTP server. 600 (seconds)
Wireless Settings
The essential settings for wireless networks are presented in this function group. Settings must be properly set
before establishing your wireless network. Familiarize yourself with the following terms before starting the
configuration process:
AP/Bridge: This mode provides both Access Point and Static LAN-to-LAN Bridging functionality. The static
LAN-to-LAN bridging function is supported by the Wireless Distribution System (WDS).
AP Client: This mode is for Dynamic LAN-to-LAN Bridging or Device-to-LAN scenarios. The AP Client
automatically establishes bridge links with other APs.
In either AP/Bridge or AP Client mode, the AWK-3121 forwards packets between its Ethernet interface (LAN)
and wireless interface (WLAN) to connect wired hosts on the Ethernet side with wireless host(s) on the wireless
side. There are two types of wireless links are specified by the IEEE802.11 standard:
• STA-AP: This type of wireless link is established between an IEEE802.11 Station (STA) and an IEEE802.11
Access Point (AP). An STA is usually a client computer (PC or PDA) with a WLAN network interface card
(NIC). The Client mode is actually an STA.
• WDS: This type of wireless link is established between two IEEE802.11 APs. Wireless packets transmitted
along the WDS link comply with the IEEE802.11 WDS (Wireless Distribution System) format at the link layer.
Refer to the “Wireless Distribution System (WDS)” section in Chapter 5 for details. Keep in mind that
WPA/WPA2 CANNOT be supported in WDS.
To establish a static bridge link based on the WDS, the APs at both end of the WDS link must be configured
manually with each other’s MAC addresses. To establish a dynamic bridge link between an AP and a Client, both
devices must be configured with the same channel, and security settings (see “WLAN Security Settings” for
details). Moreover, the same SSID is also needed for clients that roam the APs in Bridge mode. The AP Client
automatically scans for any AP that is using the matched SSID and establishes a bridge link with the scanned
AP.
When the AWK-3121 is configured for Client mode, it can be used as an Ethernet-to-wireless (or LAN-to-WLAN)
network adapter. For example, a notebook computer equipped with an Ethernet adaptor but no wireless card
can be connected to this device with an Ethernet cable to provide wireless connectivity to another AP.
NOTE Although it is more convenient to use dynamic bridging, there is a limitation—the AP Client can only transmit
IP-based packets between its wireless interface (WLAN) and Ethernet interface (LAN); other types of traffic
(such as IPX and AppleTalk) are not forwarded.
Operation Mode
The AWK-3121 supports two main operation modes—Client and AP—each of which plays a distinct role on the
wireless network.
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Wireless Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable The RF (Radio Frequency) module can be manually turned on or
off. This function is available in AP operation mode only. Enable
Operation Mode
Setting Description Factory Default
AP The AWK-3121 plays the role of wireless AP/Bridge AP
Client The AWK-3121 plays the role of wireless AP Client
Basic Wireless Settings
The “WLAN Basic Setting Selection” panel is used to add and edit SSIDs. An SSID is a unique identifier that
wireless networking devices use to establish and maintain wireless connectivity. Multiple access points on a
network or sub-network can use the same SSIDs. You can configure your AWK to use up to 9 SSIDs, and
configure each SSID differently. All of the SSIDs are active at the same time; that is, client devices can use any
of the SSIDs to associate with the access point.
Click on Add SSID to create more SSIDs.
Click on Edit to assign different configuration settings to each SSID. The configuration panel appears as
follows:
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NOTE
When you switch to Client mode, a Site Survey button will be available on the Basic Wireless Settings panel.
Click the “Site Survey” button to view information about available APs, as shown in the following figure. You
can click on the SSID of an entity and bring the value of its SSID onto the SSID field of the Basic Wireless
Settings page. Click the Refresh button to re-scan and update the table.
NOTE
If the Gateway field in Basic Settings Æ Network Settings is empty, a warning message will appear,
reminding you to set the default gateway when Client mode is enabled. You can ignore this message if you
are only planning a local network and packets will not be sent outside the network.
RF type
Setting Description Factory Default
A Supports IEEE802.11a standard only B/G Mixed
B Supports IEEE802.11b standard only
G Supports IEEE802.11g standard only
B/G Mixed Supports both of IEEE802.11b/g standards, but 802.11g can be
slowed down when 802.11b clients are on the network
Channel (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Available channels vary
with RF type AWK-3121 plays a role of wireless AP. 6 (in B/G Mixed
mode)
SSID
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. of 31 characters The SSID of a client and the SSID of the AP must be identical for
the client and AP to be able to communicate with each other. MOXA
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SSID broadcast (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ Disable SSID can be broadcast or not Enable
NOTE
The AWK-3121-JP (for Japanese frequency bands) only connects SSID-hidden APs in all IEEE802.11a
channels and IEEE802.11g channels 1 to 11. The AWK-3121-EU (for European frequency bands) only
connects SSID-hidden APs in all IEEE802.11b/g channels.
WDS (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable AWK-3121 supports WDS or not. Disable
NOTE
When WDS is enabled, you can use a pure point-to-point WDS link by disabling AP functionality. The
AWK-3121 provides 8 entities for WDS settings and can support up to 8 WDS links to other APs or wireless
bridges. The list appears when WDS Enable is checked. Enter the MAC address to set up a WDS link.
Remember to activate a WDS link by checking the Active check box.
WLAN Security Settings
The AWK-3121 provides four standardized wireless security modes: Open, WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy),
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access), and WPA2. Several security modes are available in the AWK-3121 by selecting
Security mode and WPA type:
• Open: No authentication, no data encryption.
• WEP: Static WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) keys must be configured manually.
• WPA/WPA2-Personal: Also known as WPA/WPA2-PSK. You will need to specify the Pre-Shared Key in the
Passphrase field, which will be used by the TKIP or AES engine as a master key to generate keys that
actually encrypt outgoing packets and decrypt incoming packets.
• WPA/WPA2-Enterprise: Also called WPA/WPA2-EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol). In addition to
device-based authentication, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise enables user-based authentication via IEEE802.1X.
The AWK-3121 can support three EAP methods: EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, and EAP-PEAP.
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Security mode
Setting Description Factory Default
Open No authentication Open
WEP Static WEP is used
WPA* WPA is used
WPA2* Fully supports IEEE802.11i with “TKIP/AES + 802.1X”
*WPA and WPA2 are not supported in WDS (Bridge) mode.
Open
For security reasons, you should NOT set security mode to Open System, since authentication and data
encryption are NOT performed in Open System mode.
WEP
According to the IEEE802.11 standard, WEP can be used for authentication and data encryption to maintain
confidentiality. Shared (or Shared Key) authentication type is used if WEP authentication and data encryption
are both needed. Normally, Open (or Open System) authentication type is used when WEP data encryption is
run with authentication.
When WEP is enabled as a security mode, the length of a key (so-called WEP seed) can be specified as 64/128
bits, which is actually a 40/104-bit secret key with a 24-bit initialization vector. The AWK-3121 provides 4
entities of WEP key settings that can be selected to use with Key index. The selected key setting specifies the
key to be used as a send-key for encrypting traffic from the AP side to the wireless client side. All 4 WEP keys
are used as receive-keys to decrypt traffic from the wireless client side to the AP side.
The WEP key can be presented in two Key types, HEX and ASCII. Each ASCII character has 8 bits, so a 40-bit
(or 64-bit) WEP key contains 5 characters, and a 104-bit (or 128-bit) key has 13 characters. In hex, each
character uses 4 bits, so a 40-bit key has 10 hex characters, and a 128-bit key has 26 characters.
Authentication type
Setting Description Factory Default
Open Data encryption is enabled, but without authentication Open
Shared Data encryption and authentication are both enabled.
Key type
Setting Description Factory Default
HEX Specifies WEP keys in hex-decimal number form HEX
ASCII Specifies WEP keys in ASCII form
Key length
Setting Description Factory Default
64 bits Uses 40-bit secret keys with 24-bit initialization vector 64 bits
128 bits Uses 104-bit secret key with 24-bit initialization vector
Key index
Setting Description Factory Default
1-4 Specifies which WEP key is used Open
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WEP key 1-4
Setting Description Factory Default
ASCII type:
64 bits: 5 chars
128 bits: 13chars
HEX type:
64 bits: 10 hex chars
128 bits: 26 hex chars
A string that can be used as a WEP seed for the RC4 encryption
engine. None
WPA/WPA2-Personal
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2 represent significant improvements over the WEP encryption method.
WPA is a security standard based on 802.11i draft 3, while WPA2 is based on the fully ratified version of 802.11i.
The initial vector is transmitted, encrypted, and enhanced with its 48 bits, twice as long as WEP. The key is
regularly changed so that true session is secured.
Even though AES encryption is only included in the WPA2 standard, it is widely available in the WPA security
mode of some wireless APs and clients as well. The AWK-3121 also supports AES algorithms in WPA and WPA2
for better compatibility.
Personal versions of WPA/WPA2, also know as WPA/WPA-PSK (Pre-Shared Key), provide a simple way of
encrypting a wireless connection for high confidentiality. A Passphrase is used as a basis for encryption
methods (or cipher types) in a WLAN connection. The passphrases should be complicated and as long as
possible. There must be at least 8of ASCII characters in the Passphrase, and it could go up to 63. For security
reasons, this passphrase should only be disclosed to users who need it, and it should be changed regularly.
WPA type
Setting Description Factory Default
Personal Provides Pre-Shared Key-enabled WPA and WPA2 Personal
Enterprise Provides enterprise-level security for WPA and WPA2
Encryption method
Setting Description Factory Default
TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is enabled TKIP
AES Advance Encryption System is enabled
Mixed* Provides TKIP broadcast key and TKIP+AES unicast key for
some legacy AP clients. This option is rarely used.
*This option is available in AP mode only, and does not support AES-enabled clients.
Passphrase
Setting Description Factory Default
8 to 63 characters Master key to generate keys for encryption and decryption None
Key renewal (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
60 to 86400 seconds
(1 minute to 1 day) Specifies the time period of group key renewal 3600 (seconds)
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NOTE
The key renewal value dictates how often the wireless AP encryption keys should be changed. The security
level is generally higher if you set the key renewal value to a shorter number, which forces the encryption
keys to be changed more frequently. The default value is 3600 seconds (6 minutes). Longer time periods can
be considered if the line is not very busy.
WPA/WPA2-Enterprise (for AP mode)
By setting WPA type to Enterprise, you can use EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol), a framework
authentication protocol used by 802.1X to provide network authentication. In these Enterprise-level security
modes, a back-end RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) server is needed if IEEE 802.1X
functionality is enabled in WPA /WPA2. The IEEE 802.1X protocol also offers the possibility of carrying out an
efficient connection authentication on a large-scale network. It is not necessary to exchange keys or
passphrases.
WPA type
Setting Description Factory Default
Personal Provides Pre-Shared Key-enabled WPA and WPA2 Personal
Enterprise Provides enterprise-level security for WPA and WPA2
Encryption method
Setting Description Factory Default
TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is enabled TKIP
AES Advance Encryption System is enabled
Mixed* Provides TKIP broadcast key and TKIP+AES unicast key for
some legacy AP clients. This option is rarely used.
*This option is available in AP mode only, and cannot support AES-enabled clients.
Primary/Secondary RADIUS server IP
Setting Description Factory Default
The IP address of
RADIUS server Specifies the delegated RADIUS server for EAP None
Primary/Secondary RADIUS port
Setting Description Factory Default
Port number Specifies the port number of the delegated RADIUS server 1812
Primary/ Secondary RADIUS shared key
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. of 31 characters The secret key shared between AP and RADIUS server None
Key renewal
Setting Description Factory Default
60 to 86400 seconds
(1 minute to 1 year) Specifies the time period of group key renewal 3600 (seconds)
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WPA/WPA2-Enterprise (for Client mode)
When used as a client, the AWK-3121 can support three EAP methods (or EAP protocols): EAP-TLS,
EAP-TTLS, and EAP-PEAP, corresponding to WPA/WPA-Enterprise settings on the AP side.
Encryption method
Setting Description Factory Default
TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol is enabled TKIP
AES Advance Encryption System is enabled
EAP Protocol
Setting Description Factory Default
TLS Specifies Transport Layer Security protocol TLS
TTLS Specifies Tunneled Transport Layer Security
PEAP Specifies Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol, or
Protected EAP
Before choosing the EAP protocol for your WPA/WPA2-Enterpise settings on the client end, please contact the
network administrator to make sure the system supports the protocol on the AP end. Detailed information on
these three popular EAP protocols is presented in the following sections.
EAP-TLS
TLS is the standards-based successor to Secure Socket Layer (SSL). It can establish a trusted communication
channel over a distrusted network. TLS provides mutual authentication through certificate exchange. EAP-TLS
is also secure to use. You are required to submit a digital certificate to the authentication server for validation,
but the authentication server must also supply a certificate.
You can use Basic Wireless Settings Æ WLAN Certificate Settings to import your WLAN certificate and
enable EAP-TLS on the client end.
You can check the current certificate status in Current Status if it is available.
• Certificate issued to: Shows the certificate user
• Certificate issued by: Shows the certificate issuer
• Certificate expiration date: Indicates when the certificate has expired
EAP-TTLS
It is usually much easier to re-use existing authentication systems, such as a Windows domain or Active
Directory, LDAP directory, or Kerberos realm, rather than creating a parallel authentication system. As a result,
TTLS (Tunneled TLS) and PEAP (Protected EAP) are used to support the use of so-called “legacy authentication
methods.”
TTLS and PEAP work in a similar way. First, they establish a TLS tunnel (EAP-TLS for example), and validate
whether the network is trustworthy with digital certificates on the authentication server. This step establishes
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a tunnel that protects the next step (or “inner” authentication), and consequently is sometimes referred to as
“outer” authentication. The TLS tunnel is then used to encrypt an older authentication protocol that
authenticates the user for the network.
As you can see, digital certificates are still needed for outer authentication in a simplified form. Only a small
number of certificates are required, which can be generated by a small certificate authority. Certificate
reduction makes TTLS and PEAP much more popular than EAP-TLS.
The AWK-3121 provides some non-cryptographic EAP methods, including PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP, and
MS-CHAP-V2. These EAP methods are not recommended for direct use on wireless networks. However, they
may be useful as inner authentication methods with TTLS and PEAP.
Because the inner and outer authentications can use distinct user names in TTLS and PEAP, you can use an
anonymous user name for the outer authentication, with the true user name only shown through the encrypted
channel. Keep in mind that not all client software supports anonymous alteration. Confirm this with the network
administrator before you enable identity hiding in TTLS and PEAP.
TTL Inner Authentication
Setting Description Factory Default
PAP Password Authentication Protocol is used MS-CHAP-V2
CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol is used
MS-CHAP Microsoft CHAP is used
MS-CHAP-V2 Microsoft CHAP version 2 is used
Anonymous
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. of 31 characters A distinct name used for outer authentication None
User name & Password
Setting Description Factory Default
User name and password used in inner authentication None
PEAP
There are a few differences in the TTLS and PEAP inner authentication procedures. TTLS uses the encrypted
channel to exchange attribute-value pairs (AVPs), while PEAP uses the encrypted channel to start a second EAP
exchange inside of the tunnel. The AWK-3121 provides MS-CHAP-V2 merely as an EAP method for inner
authentication.
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Inner EAP protocol
Setting Description Factory Default
MS-CHAP-V2 Microsoft CHAP version 2 is used MS-CHAP-V2
Anonymous
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. of 31 characters A distinct name used for outer authentication None
User name & Password
Setting Description Factory Default
User name and password used in inner authentication None
Advanced Wireless Settings
Additional wireless-related parameters are presented in this section to help you set up your wireless network
in detail.
Transmission Rate
Setting Description Factory Default
Auto The AWK-3121 senses and adjusts the data rate automatically Auto
Available rates Users can manually select a target transmission data rate
Transmission Power
Setting Description Factory Default
Auto Specifies wireless signal coverage by automatically selecting
the strength of Tx power Full
Full Equivalent to 0 dBm of maximum Tx power
High Equivalent to -5 dBm of maximum Tx power
Medium Equivalent to -10 dBm of maximum Tx power
Low Equivalent to -15 dBm of maximum Tx power
NOTE Tx power at “Full”
• US model: 17 dBm
• EU model: 16 dBm
• JP model: 18 dBm
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RF type = A (Channel 36 ~ 48)
Setting Description Factory Default
Auto Specifies wireless signal coverage by automatically selecting
the strength of Tx power Full
Full Equivalent to 0 dBm of maximum Tx power
High Equivalent to -4 dBm of maximum Tx power
Medium Equivalent to -8 dBm of maximum Tx power
Low Equivalent to -12 dBm of maximum Tx power
NOTE Tx power at “Full”
• US model: 14 dBm
• EU model: 16 dBm
• JP model: 14 dBm
Beacon Interval (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Beacon Interval
(40 to 1000 ms) Indicates the frequency interval of the beacon 100 (ms)
DTIM Interval (for AP mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Data Beacon Rate
(1 to 15) Indicates how often the AWK-3121 sends out a Delivery Traffic
Indication Message 1
Fragmentation threshold
Setting Description Factory Default
Fragment Length
(256 to 2346) Specifies the maximum size a data packet before splitting and
creating another new packet 2346
RTS threshold
Setting Description Factory Default
RTS/CTS Threshold
(256 to 2346) Determines how large a packet can be before the Access Point
coordinates transmission and reception to ensure efficient
communication
2346
NOTE
You can refer to the related glossaries in Chapter 5 for detailed information about the above-mentioned
settings. By setting these parameters properly, you can better tune the performance of your wireless
network.
Transmission distance
Setting Description Factory Default
Distance or max. range
for transmission
(500 to 10000 m)
Specifies the transmission distance or max. range between two
AWK devices. This parameter should be set properly, especially
for long-distance communication.
500
Noise protection
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable Adjusts the interference coping capability of the wireless signal.
This option should be enabled for communication distance
under 500 meters, and should be disabled for communication
distances over 500 meters.
Enable
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Transmission enhancement
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable This setting can enhance communication by strengthening the
AWK-3121’s transmission power. It is quite useful for
long-distance transmission or countering environmental
interference. The user must carefully evaluate and measure the
transmission power of the entire system to ensure it stays
below the regulative limit. In addition, that RF type 802.11a
mode cannot be used if this function is enabled.
Disable
NOTE When Transmission enhancement is enabled, the Tx Power is at “Full”
RF type = B/G/Mixed (Channel1~13)
• US model: 22 dBm
• EU model: 20 dBm
• JP model: 20 dBm
RF type = A (Channel 36 ~ 48)
• US model: 17 dBm
• EU model: 17 dBm
• JP model: 17 dBm
NOTE Make sure the same Transmission distance parameters are set in both AP and Client sides, and both
Bridges. When this parameter is greater than 500, an optimal algorithm will be enabled to support
long-distance transmission.
Note that Transmission enhancement only supports 802.11b/g mode; 802.11a mode is not supported.
Transmission enhancement is also recommended to enable communication at both ends when
long-distance transmission is required. A high-gain antenna installed at a fixed antenna connector can also
improve performance. (Select Antenna at MAIN or AUX.)
Antenna
Setting Description Factory Default
Auto The AWK-3121 uses two antennas (MAIN and AUX) and
enables the diversity function for reducing multipath effect. Auto
MAIN Diversity function is disabled. Only MAIN antenna is in use.
AUX Diversity function is disabled. Only AUX antenna is in use.
EAPOL Version
Setting Description Factory Default
1 EAPOL version 1 was standardized in the 2001 version of
802.1X, which is much more commonly implemented. 1
2 EAPOL version 2 was specified in 802.1X-2004.
WMM
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable WMM is a QoS standard for WLAN traffic. Voice and video data
will be given priority bandwidth when enabled with WMM
supported wireless clients.
Disable
Full 11a channel support
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/Disable “Full 11a channel support” allows users to select one channel
from 802.11a, including channels in licensed and unlicensed
bands.
Disable
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READ THIS BEFORE CHANGING THE DFS SETTING
\nDFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) is a mechanism to allow unlicensed wireless devices to share spectrum
with existing radar systems by detecting radar systems and avoid causing interference with them. The current
versions of Moxa AWK series products do not support DFS, so only U-NII Low channels (36, 40, 44, and 48)
are supported by default. If you want to enable the “Full 11a channel support” option, keep in mind that your
wireless devices may interfere with radar systems, which may violate local laws. If you are not sure about
this, we recommend that you keep this option disabled. Updated firmware that supports DFS will be available
soon.
Turbo Roaming (for Client mode only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ Disable Moxa’s Turbo Roaming can enable rapid handover when the
AWK-3121, as a client, roams among a group of APs. Disable
When Turbo Roaming is enabled, the RF type, AP alive check, and Scan channels will be shown as follows. RF
type shows the current RF type that this client is using. AP alive check will check if the AP connection is still
available. When this function is enabled, a check will be done every 10 ms. You can set up Scan channels for
the APs among which this client is going to roam. There are three Scan channels available. Note that the Scan
channels may need to be modified when the RF type is changed. (For example, channel 36 is not available in
B, G, or B/G Mix mode.)
WLAN Certification Settings (for EAP-TLS in Client mode only)
When EAP-TLS is used, a WLAN Certificate will be required at the client end to support WPA/WPA2-Enterprise.
The AWK-3121 can support the PKCS #12, also known as Personal Information Exchange Syntax Standard,
certificate formats that define file formats commonly used to store private keys with accompanying public key
certificates, protected with a password-based symmetric key.
Current Status displays information for the current WLAN certificate, which has been imported into the
AWK-3121. Nothing will be shown if a certificate is not available.
Certificate issued to: Shows the certificate user
Certificate issued by: Shows the certificate issuer
Certificate expiration date: Indicates when the certificate has expired
You can import a new WLAN certificate in Import WLAN Certificate by following these steps, in order:
1. Input the corresponding password (or key) in the Certificate private password field and then click
Submit to set the password.
2. The password will be displayed in the Certificate private password field. Click on the Browse button in
Select certificate/key file and select the certificate file.
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3. Click Upload Certificate File to import the certificate file. If the import succeeds, you can see the
information uploaded in Current Certificate. If it fails, you may need to return to step 1 to set the
password correctly and then import the certificate file again.
NOTE The WLAN certificate will remain after the AWK-3121 reboots. Even though it is expired, it can still be seen on
the Current Certificate.
Advanced Settings
Several advanced functions are available to increase the functionality of your AWK-3121 and wireless network
system. A VLAN is a collection of clients and hosts grouped together as if they were connected to the broadcast
domains in a layer 2 network. The DHCP server helps you deploy wireless clients efficiently. Packet filters
provide security mechanisms, such as firewalls, in different network layers. Moreover, the AWK-3121 can
support STP/RSTP protocol to increase reliability across the entire network, and SNMP support can make
network management easier.
Using Virtual LAN
Setting up Virtual LANs (VLANs) on your AWK series increases the efficiency of your network by dividing the
LAN into logical segments, as opposed to physical segments. In general, VLANs are easier to manage.
The Virtual LAN (VLAN) Concept
What is a VLAN?
A virtual LAN, commonly known as a VLAN, is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that
communicate as if they were attached to the same broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location. A
VLAN has the same attributes as a physical LAN, but it allows for end stations to be grouped together even if
they are not located on the same network switch. Network reconfiguration can be done through software
instead of physically relocating devices.
VLANs now extend as far as the reach of the access point signal. Clients can be segmented into wireless
sub-networks via SSID and VLAN assignment. A Client can access the network by connecting to an AP
configured to support its assigned SSID/VLAN.
Benefits of VLANs
VLANs are used to conveniently, efficiently, and easily manage your network in the following ways:
• Manage adds, moves, and changes from a single point of contact
• Define and monitor groups
• Reduce broadcast and multicast traffic to unnecessary destinations
• Improve network performance and reduce latency
• Increase security
• Secure network restricts members to resources on their own VLAN
• Clients roam without compromising security
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VLAN Workgroups and Traffic Management
The AP assigns clients to a VLAN based on a Network Name (SSID). The AP can support up to 9 SSIDs per radio
interface, with a unique VLAN configurable per SSID.
The AP matches packets transmitted or received to a network name with the associated VLAN. Traffic received
by a VLAN is only sent on the wireless interface associated with that same VLAN. This eliminates unnecessary
traffic on the wireless LAN, conserving bandwidth and maximizing throughput.
In addition to enhancing wireless traffic management, the VLAN-capable AP supports easy assignment of
wireless users to workgroups. In a typical scenario, each user VLAN represents a department workgroup; for
example, one VLAN could be used for a marketing department and the other for a human resource department.
In this scenario, the AP would assign every packet it accepted to a VLAN. Each packet would then be identified
as marketing or human resource, depending on which wireless client received it. The AP would insert VLAN
headers or “tags” with identifiers into the packets transmitted on the wired backbone to a network switch.
Finally, the switch would be configured to route
packets from the marketing department to the
appropriate corporate resources such as printers and
servers. Packets from the human resource department
could be restricted to a gateway that allowed access to
only the Internet. A member of the human resource
department could send and receive e-mail and access
the Internet, but would be prevented from accessing
servers or hosts on the local corporate network.
Configuring Virtual LAN
VLAN Settings
To configure the AWK’s VLAN, use the VLAN Setting page to configure the ports.
Management VLAN ID
Setting Description Factory Default
VLAN ID
ranges from
1 to 4094
Set the management VLAN of this AWK. 1
Port
Type Description Trunk Port
LAN This port is the LAN port on the AWK. Yes
WLAN This is a wireless port for the specific SSID. This field will refer
to the SSID that you have created. If more SSIDs have been
created, new rows will be added.
WDS This is the WDS port on the AWK Yes
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Port PVID
Setting Description Factory Default
VLAN ID ranging from 1
to 4094 Set the port’s VLAN ID for devices that connect to the port. The
port can be a LAN port or WLAN ports. 1
VLAN Tagged
Setting Description Factory Default
A comma-seperated list
of VLAN IDs. Each of
the VLAN IDs range
from 1 to 4094.
Specify which VLANs can communicate with this specific VLAN. (Empty)
NOTE The VLAN feature can allow wireless clients to manage the AP. If the VLAN Management ID matches a VLAN
ID, then those wireless clients who are members of that VLAN will have AP management access.
CAUTION: Once a VLAN Management ID is configured and is equivalent to one of the VLAN IDs on the AP, all
members of that User VLAN will have management access to the AP. Be careful to restrict VLAN membership
to those with legitimate access to the AP.
DHCP Server (for AP mode only)
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a networking protocol that allows administrators to assign
temporary IP addresses to network computers by “leasing” an IP address to a user for a limited amount of time,
instead of assigning permanent IP addresses.
The AWK-3121 can act as a simplified DHCP server and easily assign IP addresses to your wireless clients by
responding to the DHCP requests from the client ends. The IP-related parameters you set on this page will also
be sent to the client.
You can also assign a static IP address to a specific client by entering its MAC address. The AWK-3121 provides
a Static DHCP mapping list with up to 16 entities. Be reminded to check the Active check box for each entity
to activate the setting.
You can check the IP assignment status under Status Æ DHCP Client List.
DHCP server (AP only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables AWK-3121 as a DHCP server Disable
Disable Disable DHCP server function
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Default gateway
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address of a default
gateway The IP address of the router that connects to an outside
network None
Subnet mask
Setting Description Factory Default
subnet mask Identifies the type of sub-network (e.g., 255.255.0.0 for a
Class B network, or 255.255.255.0 for a Class C network) None
Primary/ Secondary DNS server
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address of Primary/
Secondary DNS server The IP address of the DNS Server used by your network. After
entering the DNS Server’s IP address, you can use URL as well.
The Secondary DNS server will be used if the Primary DNS
server fails to connect.
None
Start IP address
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address Indicates the IP address which AWK-3121 can start assigning None
Maximum number of users
Setting Description Factory Default
1 – 999 Specifies how many IP address can be assigned continuously None
Client lease time
Setting Description Factory Default
1 – 10 days The lease time for which an IP address is assigned. The IP
address may go expired after the lease time is reached. 10 (days)
Packet Filters
The AWK-3121 includes various filters for IP-based packets going through LAN and WLAN interfaces. You can
set these filters as a firewall to help enhance network security.
MAC Filter
The AWK-3121’s MAC filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out IP-based packets with specified
MAC addresses. The AWK-3121 provides 8 entities for setting MAC addresses in your filtering policy.
Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to activate the setting.
Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables MAC filter Disable
Disable Disables MAC filter
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Policy
Setting Description Factory Default
Accept Only the packets fitting the entities on list can be allowed. Drop
Drop Any packet fitting the entities on list will be denied.
ATTENTION
Be careful when you enable the filter function:
Drop + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed
Accept + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied
IP Protocol Filter
The AWK-3121’s IP protocol filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out IP-based packets with
specified IP protocol and source/destination IP addresses.
The AWK-3121 provides 8 entities for setting IP protocol and source/destination IP addresses in your filtering
policy. Four IP protocols are available: All, ICMP, TCP, and UDP. You must specify either the Source IP or the
Destination IP. By combining IP addresses and netmasks, you can specify a single IP address or a range of IP
addresses to accept or drop. For example, “IP address 192.168.1.1 and netmask 255.255.255.255” refers to
the sole IP address 192.168.1.1. “IP address 192.168.1.1 and netmask 255.255.255.0” refers to the range of
IP addresses from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.255. Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to
activate the setting.
Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables IP protocol filter Disable
Disable Disables IP protocol filter
Policy
Setting Description Factory Default
Accept Only the packets fitting the entities on the list can be allowed Drop
Drop Any packet fitting the entities on the list will be denied
ATTENTION
Be careful when you enable the filter function:
Drop + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed.
Accept + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied.
TCP/UDP Port Filter
The AWK-3121’s TCP/UDP port filter is a policy-based filter that can allow or filter out TCP/UDP-based packets
with a specified source or destination port.
The AWK-3121 provides 8 entities for setting the range of source/destination ports of a specific protocol. In
addition to selecting TCP or UDP protocol, you can set either the source port, destination port, or both. The end
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port can be left empty if only a single port is specified. Of course, the end port cannot be larger then the start
port.
The Application name is a text string that describes the corresponding entity with up to 31 characters.
Remember to check the Active check box for each entity to activate the setting.
Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables TCP/UDP port filter Disable
Disable Disables TCP/UDP port filter
Policy
Setting Description Factory Default
Accept Only the packets fitting the entities on list can be allowed. Drop
Drop Any packet fitting the entities on list will be denied.
ATTENTION
Be careful when you enable the filter function:
Drop + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are allowed
Accept + “no entity on list is activated” = all packets are denied
RSTP Settings (for AP mode only)
AWK-3121 supports IEEE802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol and IEEE802.1w Rapid STP standards. In addition to
eliminating unexpected path looping, STP/RSTP can provide a backup path recovery if a wired/ wireless path
fails accidentally. The reliability and availability can increase because this fail-over function.
AWK-3121’s STP/RSTP feature is disabled by default. To be completely effective, you must enable RSTP/STP on
every AWK-3121 connected to your network. If AWK-3121 plays a Client role, which is connected to a device
(PLC, RTU, etc.) as opposed to network switch equipment, it is not necessary to enable STP/RSTP. The reason
is that it will cause unnecessary negotiation. AWK-3121s support STP/RSTP in AP mode (including WDS) only.
The following figures indicate which Spanning Tree Protocol parameters can be configured. A more detailed
explanation of each parameter is given below the figure.
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RSTP status
This field will appear only when selected to operate STP/RSTP. It indicates whether this AWK-3121 is the Root
of the Spanning Tree (the root is determined automatically) or not.
Bridge priority
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value
selected
by user
You can increase the bridge priority by selecting a lower
number. A higher bridge priority brings a greater chance of
being established as the root of the Spanning Tree topology.
32768
Hello time
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value input
by user
(1 – 10 seconds)
The root of the Spanning Tree topology periodically sends out a
“hello” message to other devices on the network to check if the
topology is healthy. Hello time indicates how often the root
sends hello messages.
2 (seconds)
Forwarding delay
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value input
by user
(4 – 30 seconds)
The amount of time this device waits before checking to see if it
should change to a different topology. 15 (seconds)
Max. age
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value input
by user
(6 – 40 seconds)
As a non-root role, if the device has not received a hello
message from the root longer than Max. age, it will reconfigure
itself as a root. Once two or more devices on the network are
recognized as a root, the devices will renegotiate to set up a
new Spanning Tree topology.
20 (seconds)
The AWK-3121 comes with 10 “ports” for RSTP settings. Numbers 3-10 (WDS1-WDS8) are available only when
WDS is enabled in AP mode.
Enable RSTP
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ disable Enables or disables the port as a node on the Spanning Tree
topology. Disable
(unchecked)
Port priority
Setting Description Factory Default
Numerical value
selected by user Increase this port’s priority as a node on the Spanning Tree
topology by inputting a lower number. 128
Port cost
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable/ Disable Input a higher cost to indicate that this port is less suitable as a
node for the Spanning Tree topology 2000000
Edge port
Setting Description Factory Default
Checked/ unchecked Sets a port, which no BPDU expectedly goes through, as an
edge port unchecked, except
AP port
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NOTE We recommend you set an edge port for the port, which is connected to a non-STP/RSTP sub-network or an
end device (PLC, RTU, etc.) as opposed to network equipment. This can prevent unnecessary waiting and
negotiation of STP/RSTP protocol, and accelerate system initialization. When an edge port receives BPDUs, it
can still function as an STP/RSTP port and start negotiation.
Setting an edge port is different from disabling STP/RSTP on a port. If you disable STP/RSTP, a port will not
deal with STP/RSTP BPDUs at all.
Port Status
Port Status indicates the current Spanning Tree status of this port. Use Forwarding for normal transmission,
or Blocking to block transmission.
SNMP Agent
The AWK-3121 supports SNMP V1/V2c/V3. SNMP V1 and SNMP V2c use a community string match for
authentication, which means that SNMP servers access all objects with read-only or read/write permissions
using the community string public/private (default value). SNMP V3, which requires you to select an
authentication level of MD5 or SHA, is the most secure protocol. You can also enable data encryption to
enhance data security.
The AWK-3121’s MIB can be found in the software CD and supports reading the attributes via SNMP. (Only get
method is supported.)
SNMP security modes and security levels supported by the AWK-3121 are shown in the following table. Select
the security mode and level that will be used to communicate between the SNMP agent and manager.
Protocol
Version Setting on
UI web page Authentication
Type Data
Encryption Method
SNMP
V1, V2c V1, V2c
Read
Community
Community
string No Use a community string match for
authentication
V1, V2c
Write/Read
Community
Community
string No Use a community string match for
authentication
SNMP V3 No-Auth No No Use account with admin or user to access
objects
MD5 or SHA Authentication
based on MD5 or
SHA
No Provides authentication based on
HMAC-MD5, or HMAC-SHA algorithms.
8-character passwords are the minimum
requirement for authentication.
MD5 or SHA Authentication
based on MD5 or
SHA
Data
encryption
key
Provides authentication based on HMAC-MD5
or HMAC-SHA algorithms, and data
encryption key. 8-character passwords and a
data encryption key are the minimum
requirements for authentication and
encryption.
The following parameters can be configured on the SNMP Agent page. A more detailed explanation of each
parameter is given below the following figure.
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Enable
Setting Description Factory Default
Enable Enables SNMP Agent Disable
Disable Disables SNMP Agent
Read community (for V1, V2c)
Setting Description Factory Default
V1, V2c Read
Community Use a community string match with a maximum of 31
characters for authentication. This means that the SNMP agent
can access all objects with read-only permissions using this
community string.
public
Write community (for V1, V2c)
Setting Description Factory Default
V1, V2c Read /Write
Community Use a community string match with a maximum of 31
characters for authentication. This means that the SNMP agent
can accesses all objects with read/write permissions using this
community string.
private
SNMP agent version
Setting Description Factory Default
V1, V2c, V3, or
V1, V2c, or
V3 only
Select the SNMP protocol version used to manage the switch. V1, V2c
Admin auth type (for V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)
Setting Description Factory Default
No Auth Use admin account to access objects. No authentication No Auth
MD5 Provide authentication based on the HMAC-MD5 algorithms.
8-character passwords are the minimum requirement for
authentication.
SHA Provides authentication based on
HMAC-SHA algorithms. 8-character passwords are the
minimum requirement for authentication.
Admin private key (for V1, V2c, V3, and V3 only)
Setting Description Factory Default
Disable No data encryption Disable
DES DES-based data encryption
AES AES-based data encryption
Private key
A data encryption key is the minimum requirement for data encryption (maximum of 63 characters)
Private MIB Information Device Object ID
Also know as OID. This is the AWK-3121’s enterprise value. It is fixed.
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Auto Warning Settings
Since industrial-grade devices are often located at the endpoints of a system, these devices will not always
know what is happening elsewhere on the network. This means that these devices, including wireless APs or
clients, must provide system maintainers with real-time alarm messages. Even when system administrators
are out of the control room for an extended period, they can still be informed of the status of devices almost
instantaneously when exceptions occur.
In addition to logging these events, the AWK-3121 supports different approaches to warn engineers
automatically, such as SNMP trap, e-mail, and relay output. It also supports two digital inputs to integrate
sensors into your system to automate alarms by email and relay output.
System Log
System Log Event Types
Detail information for grouped events is shown in the following table. You can check the box for Enable log to
enable the grouped events. All default values are enabled (checked). The log for system events can be seen in
Status Æ System Log.
System-related events Event is triggered when…
System restart (warm start) The AWK-3121 is rebooted, such as when its settings are changed
(IP address, subnet mask, etc.).
Network-related events Event is triggered when…
LAN link on The LAN port is connected to a device or network.
LAN link off The port is disconnected (e.g., the cable is pulled out, or the
opposing device shuts down).
Client joined/ left
(for AP mode) A wireless client is associated or disassociated.
WLAN connected to AP
(for Client mode) The AWK-3121 is associated with an AP.
WLAN disconnected
(for Client mode) The AWK-3121 is disassociated from an AP.
Config-related events Event is triggered when…
Configuration Changed A configuration item has been changed.
Configuration file import via Web Console
The configuration file is imported to the AWK-3121.
Console authentication failure An incorrect password is entered.
Firmware upgraded The AWK-3121’s firmware is updated.
Power events Event is triggered when…
Power 1/2 transition (On -> Off) The AWK-3121 is powered down in PWR1/2.
PoE transition (On -> Off) The AWK-3121 is powered down in PoE.
Power 1/2 transition (Off -> On) The AWK-3121 is powered via PWR1/2.
PoE transition (Off -> On) The AWK-3121 is powered via PoE.
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DI events Event is triggered when…
DI1/2 transition (On -> Off) Digital Input 1/2 is triggered by on to off transition
DI1/2 transition (Off -> On) Digital Input 1/2 is triggered by off to on transition
Syslog
This function provides the event logs for the Syslog server. The function supports up to three configurable
Syslog servers and Syslog server UDP port numbers. When an event occurs, the event will be sent as a Syslog
UDP packet to the specified Syslog servers.
Syslog Event Types
Detail information for the grouped events is shown in the following table. You can check the box for Enable log
to enable the grouped events. All default values are enabled (checked). Details for each event group can be
found on the “System log Event Types” table on page 3-31.
Syslog Server Settings
You can configure the parameters for your Syslog servers in this page.
Syslog server 1/ 2/ 3
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address Enter the IP address of the 1st/ 2nd/ 3rd Syslog Server None
Syslog port
Setting Description Factory Default
Port destination
(1 to 65535) Enter the UDP port of the corresponding Syslog server 514
E-mail
E-mail Event Types
Check the box for Active to enable the event items. All default values are deactivated (unchecked). Details for
each event item can be found on the “System log Event Types” table on page 3-31.
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E-mail Server Settings
You can set up to 4 e-mail addresses to receive alarm emails from the AWK-3121. The following parameters
can be configured on the E-mail Server Settings page. In addition, a Send Test Mail button can be used to
test whether the Mail server and e-mail addresses work well. More detailed explanations about these
parameters are given after the following figure.
Mail server (SMTP)
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address The IP Address of your email server. None
User name & Password
Setting Description Factory Default
User name and password used in the SMTP server None
From e-mail address
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 63 characters Enter the administrator’s e-mail address which will be shown in
the “From” field of a warning e-mail. None
To E-mail address 1/ 2/ 3/ 4
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. 63 characters Enter the receivers’ e-mail addresses. None
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Relay
The AWK-3121 has one relay output, which consists of 2 terminal block contacts on the AWK-3121’s top panel.
These relay contacts are used to indicate user-configured events and system failure.
The two wires attached to the relay contacts form an open circuit when a user-configured event is triggered. If
a user-configured event does not occur, the relay circuit will remain closed. For safety reasons, the relay circuit
is kept open when the AWK-3121 is not powered.
Relay Event Types
You can check the box for Active to enable the event items. All default values are deactivated (unchecked).
Details for each event item can be found in the “System log Event Types” table on page 3-31.
Trap
Traps can be used to signal abnormal conditions (notifications) to a management station. This trap-driven
notification can make your network more efficient.
Because a management station usually takes care of a large number of devices that have a large number of
objects, it will be overloading for the management station to poll or send requests to query every object on
every device. It would be better if the managed device agent could notify the management station by sending
a message known as a trap for the event.
Trap Event Types
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SNMP Trap Receiver Settings
SNMP traps are defined in SMIv1 MIBs (SNMPv1) and SMIv2 MIBs (SNMPv2c). The two styles are basically
equivalent, and it is possible to convert between the two. You can set the parameters for SNMP trap receivers
through the web page.
1st / 2nd Trap version
Setting Description Factory Default
V1 SNMP trap defined in SNMPv1 V1
V2 SNMP trap defined in SNMPv2
1st / 2nd Trap server IP/name
Setting Description Factory Default
IP address or host
name Enter the IP address or name of the trap server used by your
network. None
1st / 2nd Trap community
Setting Description Factory Default
Max. of 31 characters
Use a community string match with a maximum of 31
characters for authentication. alert
Status
Associated Client List (for AP mode only)
Associated Client List shows all the clients that are currently associated to a particular AWK-3121. You can click
Select all to select all the content in the list for further editing. You can click Refresh to refresh the list.
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DHCP Client List (for AP mode only)
The DHCP Client List shows all the clients that require and have successfully received IP assignments. You can
click the Refresh button to refresh the list.
You can press Select all button to select all content in the list for further editing.
System Log
Triggered events are recorded in System Log. You can export the log contents to an available viewer by clicking
Export Log. You can use the Clear Log button to clear the log contents and the Refresh button to refresh the
log.
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Relay Status
The status of user-configurable events can be found under Relay Status. The status will refresh every 5
seconds if the Auto refresh box is checked.
If an event is triggered, it will be noted on this list. System administrators can click Acknowledge Event when
he has acknowledged the event and addressed it.
DI and Power Status
The status of power inputs and digital inputs is shown on this web page. The status will refresh every 5 seconds
if the Auto refresh box is checked.
Wireless Status
The status for 802.11 info parameters, such as Operation mode and Channel, are shown on the Wireless
Status page. The status will refresh every 5 seconds if the Auto refresh box is checked.
Certain values for 802.11 info may not show up due to different operation modes. As a result, Current BSSID
and Signal strength are not available in AP mode.
It is helpful to use the continuously updated information on this page, such as Signal strength, to monitor the
signal strength of the AWK-3121 in Client mode.
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Maintenance
Maintenance functions provide the administrator with tools to manage the AWK-3121 and wired/wireless
networks.
Console Settings
You can enable or disable access permission for the following
consoles: HTTP, HTTPS, Telnet and SSH connections. For more
security, we recommend you only allow access to the two
secured consoles, HTTPS and SSH.
Ping
Ping helps to diagnose the integrity of wired or wireless networks. By inputting a node’s IP address in the
Destination field, you can use the ping command to make sure it exists and whether or not the access path
is available.
If the node and access path are available, you will see that all packets were successfully transmitted with no
loss. Otherwise, some, or even all, packets may get lost, as shown in the following figure.
Firmware Upgrade
The AWK-3121 can be enhanced with more value-added functions by installing firmware upgrades. The latest
firmware is available at Moxa’s download center.
Before running a firmware upgrade, make sure the AWK-3121 is off-line. Click the Browse button to specify
the firmware image file and click Firmware Upgrade and Restart to start the firmware upgrade. After the
progress bar reaches 100%, the AWK-3121 will reboot itself.
When upgrading your firmware, the AWK-3121’s other functions are forbidden.
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ATTENTION
Please make sure the power source is stable when you upgrade your firmware. An unexpected power breakup
may damage your AWK-3121.
Config Import Export
You can back up or restore the AWK-3121’s configuration with Config Import Export.
In the Config Import section, click Browse to specify the configuration file and click Config Import button
to begin importing the configuration.
In the Config Export section, click the Config Export button and save the configuration file onto your local
storage media. The configuration file is a text file and you can view and edit it with a general text-editing tool.
Load Factory Default
Use this function to reset the AWK-3121 and roll all settings back to the factory default values. You can also
reset the hardware by pressing the reset button on the top panel of the AWK-3121.
Password
You can change the administration password for each of the AWK-3121’s console managers by using the
Password function. Before you set up a new password, you must input the current password and reenter the
new password for confirmation. For your security, do not use the default password root, and remember to
change the administration password regularly.
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Misc. Settings
Additional settings to help you manage your AWK-3121, are available on this page.
Reset button
Setting Description Factory Default
Always enable The AWK-3121’s Reset button works normally. Always enable
Disable after 60 sec The AWK-3121’s reset to default function will be inactive 60
seconds after the AWK-3121 finishes booting up.
Save Configuration
The following figure shows how the AWK-3121 stores the setting changes into volatile and non-volatile memory.
All data stored in volatile memory will disappear when the AWK-3121 is shutdown or rebooted unless they are
y. Because the AWK-3121 starts up and initializes with the settings stored in flash memory, all new changes
must be saved to flash memory before restarting the AWK-3121.
This also means the new changes will not work unless you run either the Save Configuration function or the
Restart function.
After you click on Save Configuration in the left menu box, the following screen will appear. Click Save if you
wish to update the configuration settings in the flash memory at this time. Alternatively, you may choose to run
other functions and put off saving the configuration until later. However, the new setting changes will remain
in the non-volatile memory until you save the configurations.
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Restart
If you submitted configuration changes, you will find a blinking string in the upper right corner of the screen.
After making all your changes, click the Restart function in the left menu box. One of two different screens will
appear.
If you made changes recently but did not save, you will be given two options. Clicking the Restart button here
will reboot the AWK-3121 directly, and all setting changes will be ignored. Clicking the Save and Restart
button will apply all setting changes and then reboot the AWK-3121.
If you run the Restart function without changing any configurations or saving all your changes, you will see
just one Restart button on your screen.
You will not be able to run any of the AWK-3121’s functions while the system is rebooting.
Logout
Logout helps users disconnect the current HTTP or HTTPS session and go to the Login page. For security
reasons, we recommend you logout before quitting the console manager.
4
4. Software Installation and Configuration
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
Overview
AWK Search Utility
¾ Installing AWK Search Utility
¾ Configuring AWK Search Utility
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4-2
Overview
The Documentation & Software CD included with your AWK-3121 is designed to make the installation and
configuration procedure easy and straightforward. This auto-run CD includes AWK Search Utility (to broadcast
search for all AWK’s accessible over the network), the AWK-3121 User’s Manual, and Quick Installation Guide.
AWK Search Utility
Installing AWK Search Utility
Click the INSTALL UTILITY button in the AWK Installation CD auto-run window to install AWK Search Utility.
Once the program starts running, click Yes to proceed.
1. Click Next when the Welcome screen opens to proceed with the installation.
2. Click Next to install program files to the default directory, or click Browse to select an alternate location.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Software Installation and Configuration
4-3
3. Click Next to create the program’s shortcut files to the default directory, or click Browse to select an
alternate location.
4. Click Next to select additional tasks.
5. Click Next to proceed with the installation. The installer then displays a summary of the installation options.
6. Click Install to begin the installation. The setup window will report the progress of the installation. To
change the installation settings, click Back and navigate to the previous screen.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Software Installation and Configuration
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7. Click Finish to complete the installation of AWK Search Utility.
Configuring AWK Search Utility
The Broadcast Search function is used to locate all AWK-3121 APs that are connected to the same LAN as your
computer. After locating an AWK-3121, you will be able to change its IP address. Since the Broadcast Search
function searches by TCP packet and not IP address, it doesn’t matter if the AWK-3121 is configured as an AP
or Client. In either case, APs and Clients connected to the LAN will be located, regardless of whether or not they
are part of the same subnet as the host.
1. Start the AWK Search Utility program. When the Login page appears, select the “Search AWK only”
option to search for AWKs and to view each AWK’s configuration. Select the “AWK management” option to
assign IPs, upgrade firmware, and locate devices.
2. Open the AWK Search Utility and then click the Search icon.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Software Installation and Configuration
4-5
3. The “Searching” window indicates the progress of the search. When the search is complete, all AWKs that
were located will be displayed in the AWK Search Utility window.
4. Click Locate to cause the selected device to beep.
5. Make sure your AWK is unlocked before using the search utility’s icons setting. The AWK will unlock
automatically if the password is set to the default. Otherwise you must enter the new password manually.
6. Go to Tools Æ AWK login Options to manage and unlock additional AWKs.
7. Use the scroll down list to select the MAC addresses of those AWKs you would like to manage, and then click
Add. Key in the password for the AWK device and then click OK to save. If you return to the search page
and search for the AWK again, you will find that the AWK will unlock automatically.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Software Installation and Configuration
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ATTENTION
For security purposes, we suggest you can change the AWK search utility login password instead of using the
default.
To modify the configuration of the highlighted AWK, click on the Web icon to open the web console. This will
take you to the web console, where you can make all configuration changes. Refer to Chapter 3, “Using the Web
Console,” for information on how to use the web console.
Click on Telnet if you would like to use telnet to configure your AWKs.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Software Installation and Configuration
4-7
Click Assign IP to change the IP setting.
The three advanced options—Search, Connection, and Miscellaneous—are explained below:
Search
• Retry count (default=5): Indicates how many times the search will be retried automatically.
• Retry interval (ms): The time lapsed between retries.
Connection
• Connection timeout (secs): Use this option to set the waiting time for the Default Login, Locate,
Assign IP, Upload Firmware, and Unlock to complete.
• Upgrade timeout (secs): Use this option to set the waiting time for the connection to disconnect while the
firmware is upgrading. Use this option to set the waiting time for the Firmware to write to flash.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Software Installation and Configuration
4-8
Misc.
Search on start: Checkmark this box if you would like the search function to start searching for devices after
you log in to the AWK search Utility.
5
5. Other Console Considerations
This chapter explains how to access the AWK-3121 for the first time. In addition to HTTP access, there are four
ways to access AWK-3121: serial console, Telnet console, SSH console, and HTTPS console. The serial console
connection method, which requires using a short serial cable to connect the AWK-3121 to a PC’s COM port, can
be used if you do not know the AWK-3121’s IP address. The other consoles can be used to access the
AWK-3121 over an Ethernet LAN, or over the Internet.
The following topics are covered in this chapter:
RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8, 1, VT100)
Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles
Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access
AirWorks AWK-3121 Other Console Considerations
5-2
RS-232 Console Configuration (115200, None, 8,
1, VT100)
The serial console connection method, which requires using a short serial cable to connect the AWK-3121 to a
PC’s COM port, can be used if you do not know the AWK-3121’s IP address. It is also convenient to use serial
console configurations when you cannot access the AWK-3121 over Ethernet LAN, such as in the case of LAN
cable disconnections or broadcast storming over the LAN.
ATTENTION
Do not use the RS-232 console manager when the AWK-3121 is powered at reversed voltage (ex. -48VDC),
even though reverse voltage protection is supported.
If you need to connect the RS-232 console at reversed voltage, Moxa’s TCC-82 isolator is your best solution.
NOTE We recommend using Moxa PComm (Lite) Terminal Emulator, which can be downloaded free of charge
from Moxa’s website.
Before running PComm Terminal Emulator, use an RJ45 to DB9-F (or RJ45 to DB25-F) cable to connect the
AWK-3121’s RS-232 console port to your PC’s COM port (generally COM1 or COM2, depending on how your
system is set up). After installing PComm Terminal Emulator, take the following steps to access the RS-232
console utility.
1. From the Windows desktop, open the Start menu and start PComm Terminal Emulator in the PComm
(Lite) group.
2. Select Open under Port Manager to open a new connection.
3. The Communication Parameter page of the Property window opens. Select the appropriate COM port for
Console Connection, 115200 for Baud Rate, 8 for Data Bits, None for Parity, and 1 for Stop Bits. Click on
the Terminal tab, and select VT100 (or ANSI) for Terminal Type. Click on OK to continue.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Other Console Considerations
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4. The Console login screen will appear. Log into the RS-232 console with the login name (default: admin)
and password (default: root, if no new password is set).
5. The AWK-3121’s device information and Main Menu will be displayed. Please follow the description on
screen and select the administration option you wish to perform.
NOTE To modify the appearance of the PComm Terminal Emulator window, select Edit Æ Font and then choose the
desired formatting options.
ATTENTION
If you unplug the RS-232 cable or trigger DTR, a disconnection event will be evoked to enforce logout for
network security. You will need to log in again to resume operation.
Configuration by Telnet and SSH Consoles
You may use Telnet or SSH client to access the AWK-3121 and manage the console over a network. To access
the AWK-3121’s functions over the network from a PC host that is connected to the same LAN as the AWK-3121,
you need to make sure that the PC host and the AWK-3121 are on the same logical subnet. To do this, check
your PC host’s IP address and subnet mask.
NOTE The AWK-3121’s default IP address is 192.168.127.253 and the default subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 (for
a Class C network). If you do not set these values properly, please check the network settings of your PC host
and then change the IP address to 192.168.127.xxx and subnet mask to 255.255.255.0.
Follow the steps below to access the console utility via Telnet or SSH client.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Other Console Considerations
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1. From Windows Desktop, run Start Æ Run, and then use Telnet to access the AWK-3121’s IP address from
the Windows Run window (you may also issue the telnet command from the MS-DOS prompt).
2. When using SSH client (ex. PuTTY), please run the client program (ex. putty.exe) and then input the
AWK-3121’s IP address, specifying 22 for the SSH connection port.
3. The Console login screen will appear. Please refer to the previous paragraph “RS-232 Console
Configuration” and for login and administration.
Configuration by Web Browser with HTTPS/SSL
To secure your HTTP access, the AWK-3121 supports HTTPS/SSL encryption for all HTTP traffic. Perform the
following steps to access the AWK-3121’s web browser interface via HTTPS/SSL.
1. Open your web browser and type https://<AWK-3121’s IP address> in the address field. Press Enter to
establish the connection.
2. Warning messages will pop out to warn users that the security certificate was issued by a company they
have not chosen to trust.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Other Console Considerations
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3. Select Yes to accept the certificate issued by Moxa IW and then enter the AWK-3121’s web browser
interface secured via HTTPS/SSL. (You can see the protocol in URL is https.) Then you can use the menu
tree on the left side of the window to open the function pages to access each of AWK-3121’s functions.
Disabling Telnet and Browser Access
If you are connecting the AWK-3121 to a public network but do not intend to use its management functions
over the network, then we suggest disabling both Telnet Console and Web Configuration. Please run
Maintenance Æ Console Settings to disable them, as shown in the following figure.
A
A. References
This chapter provides more detailed information about wireless-related technologies. The information in this
chapter can help you administer your AWK-3121s and plan your industrial wireless network better.
The following topics are covered in this appendix:
Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
Beacon
DTIM
Fragment
RTS Threshold
STP and RSTP
¾ The STP/RSTP Concept
¾ Differences between RSTP and STP
AirWorks AWK-3121 References
A-2
Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
Traditionally, APs are connected via Ethernet LAN ports. By using a Wireless Distribution System (WDS), APs
can communicate with one another wirelessly. For example, AP 2 acts as an access point for the notebook
computers or other IEEE802.11-enabled clients, and forwards packets sent from the notebook computers to AP
1 through WDS. Then, AP 1 forwards the packets to the Ethernet LAN. Packets destined for the notebook
computers follow a reverse path from the Ethernet LAN through the APs to the notebook computers. In this way,
AP 2 acts as an “AP repeater.”
By using WDS, two or more LAN segments can be connected wirelessly. As illustrated in the above figure, a pair
of wireless LAN-to-LAN bridges is used to connect two LAN segments. Since the AP is WDS-enabled, it can be
used as a wireless bridge.
It is a good idea to plan your wireless network by drawing a diagram so that you know how each AWK-3121 is
connected to other peer APs or wireless bridges by WDS, and how bridges are connected to other peer bridges
by WDS. See the following figure for an example of a network-planning diagram.
AirWorks AWK-3121 References
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ATTENTION
Be sure to eliminate loops from networks that consist of wireless bridges, Ethernet switches, Ethernet links,
and WDS links. If any loops exist, packets will circle around the loops and network performance will be
seriously degraded. The following figure shows a network topology containing a loop.
Beacon
A beacon is a packet broadcast by the AP to keep the network synchronized. A beacon includes the wireless LAN
service area, the AP address, the Broadcast destination address, a time stamp, Delivery Traffic Indicator Maps
(DTIM), and the Traffic Indicator Message (TIM). Beacon Interval indicates the frequency interval of AP.
DTIM
Delivery Traffic Indication Map (DTIM) is contained in beacon frames. It is used to indicate that broadcast and
multicast frames buffered by the AP will be delivered shortly. Lower settings result in more efficient networking,
while preventing your PC from dropping into power-saving sleep mode. Higher settings allow your PC to enter
sleep mode, thus saving power.
Fragment
A lower setting means smaller packets, which will create more packets for each transmission. If you have
decreased this value and experience high packet error rates, you can increase it again, but it will likely decrease
overall network performance. Only minor modifications of this value are recommended.
RTS Threshold
RTS Threshold (256-2346) – This setting determines how large a packet can be before the Access Point
coordinates transmission and reception to ensure efficient communication. This value should remain at its
default setting of 2,346. When you encounter inconsistent data flow, only minor modifications are
recommended.
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STP and RSTP
The STP/RSTP Concept
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) was designed to help reduce link failures in a network, and provide protection
from loops. Networks that have a complicated architecture are prone to broadcast storms caused by
unintended loops in the network. The STP protocol is part of the IEEE802.1D standard, 1998 Edition bridge
specification.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) implements the Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol defined by
IEEE802.1w-2001 standard. RSTP provides the following benefits:
• The topology of a bridged network will be determined much more quickly compared to STP.
• RSTP is backward compatible with STP, making it relatively easy to deploy. For example:
¾ Defaults to sending 802.1D-style BPDUs if packets with this format are received.
¾ STP (802.1D) and RSTP (802.1w) can operate on the LAN ports and WLAN ports (AP and WDS1-WDS8)
of the same AWK-3121.
This feature is particularly helpful when the AWK-3121 connects to older equipment, such as legacy switches.
Differences between RSTP and STP
RSTP is similar to STP, but includes additional information in the BPDUs that allow each bridge to confirm that
it has taken action to prevent loops from forming when it decides to enable a link to a neighboring bridge.
Adjacent bridges connected via point-to-point links will be able to enable a link without waiting to ensure that
all other bridges in the network have had time to react to the change. The main benefit of RSTP is that the
configuration decision is made locally rather than network-wide, allowing RSTP to carry out automatic
configuration and restore a link faster than STP.
B
B. Supporting Information
This chapter presents additional information about this manual and product. You can also learn how to contact
Moxa for technical support.
The following topics are covered in this appendix:
About This User’s Manual
DoC (Declaration of Conformity)
¾ Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
¾ R&TTE Compliance Statement
Firmware Recovery
AirWorks AWK-3121 Supporting Information
B-2
About This User’s Manual
This manual is mainly designed for, but nto limited to, the following hardware and firmware for the AWK-3121:
• Hardware Rev: 1.1
• Firmware Ver: 1.1
You are strongly recommended to visit Moxa’s website (http://www.moxa.com) and find the latest product
datasheet, firmware, QIG (Quick Installation Guide), UM (User’s Manual) and related information.
NOTE
You can find out the hardware revision number of AWK-3121 on the side label.
The firmware version number can be seen on the Overview page, as follow:
DoC (Declaration of Conformity)
Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part
15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in
a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If
this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the
following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Supporting Information
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• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Caution: To assure continued compliance, (example – use only shielded interface cables when connecting
to computer or peripheral devices). Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate this equipment. This transmitter must not
be co-located or operated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This
equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 cm between the radiator & your
body.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This
device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
FCC 15.407(e): Within the 5.15-5.25 GHz band, U-NII devices will be restricted to indoor operations to reduce
any potential for harmful interference to co-channel MSS operations.
NOTE The availability of some specific channels and / or operational frequency bands are country dependent and are
firmware programmed at the factory to match the intended destination. The firmware setting is not accessible
by the end user.
R&TTE Compliance Statement
Moxa declares that the apparatus AWK-3121 complies with the essential requirements and other relevant
provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.
This equipment complies with all the requirements of DIRECTIVE 1999/5/CE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
AND THE COUNCIL OF 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunication terminal equipment and the
mutual recognition of their conformity (R&TTE).
The R&TTE Directive repeals and replaces in the directive 98/13/EEC (Telecommunications Terminal
Equipment and Satellite Earth Station Equipment) as of April 8, 2000.
Safety
This equipment is designed with the utmost care for the safety of those who install and use it. However, special
attention must be paid to the dangers of electric shock and static electricity when working with electrical
equipment. All guidelines of this and of the computer manufacturer must therefore be allowed at all times to
ensure the safe use of the equipment.
EU Countries Intended for Use
The ETSI version of this device is intended for home and office use in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland,
France (with Frequency channel restrictions), Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain,
Sweden, The Netherlands, and United Kingdom.
The ETSI version of this device is also authorized for use in EFTA member states Norway and Switzerland.
EU Countries Not Intended for Use
None.
Potential Restrictive Use
France: only channels 10, 11, 12, and 13.
AirWorks AWK-3121 Supporting Information
B-4
Firmware Recovery
When the LEDs of FAULT, Signal Strength, CLIENT, BRIDGE and WLAN all light up simultaneously and
blink at one-second interval, it means the system booting has failed. It may result from some wrong operation
or uncontrollable issues, such as an unexpected shutdown during firmware update. The AWK-3121 is designed
to help administrators recover such damage and resume system operation rapidly. You can refer to the
following instructions to recover the firmware:
Connect to the AWK-3121’s ES-232 console with 115200bps and N-8-1. You will see the following message
shown on the terminal emulator every one second.
Press Ctrl - C and the following message will appear.
Enter 2 to change the network setting. Specify where the AWK-3121’s firmware file on the TFTP server and
press y to write the settings into flash memory.
AWK-3121 restarts, and the “Press Ctrl-C to enter Firmware Recovery Process…” message will reappear. Press
Ctrl-C to enter the menu and select 1 to start the firmware upgrade process.
Select 0 in the sub-menu to load the firmware image via LAN, and then enter the file name of the firmware to
start the firmware recovery.

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