Nokia Solutions and Networks MMDS-BASE1 Broadband Wireless Access Base Station User Manual Configuring Installing and Using Base Stations

Nokia Solutions and Networks Broadband Wireless Access Base Station Configuring Installing and Using Base Stations

Contents

Manual Revised

Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base StationsMMDS Broadband Wireless Access SystemDate: April 18, 2001Part Number:104-0100-0001-A
Expedience is a trademark of NextNet Wireless.©2000-2001 NextNet Wireless, Inc. All rights reserved.WARNING: This equipment has been tested with a 20 dB gain antenna and found to comply with the FCC guidelines for Radio Frequency Radiation Exposure Limits as detailed below. A minimum of 1-meter separation between the antenna and the installation/operator technician and the general public must be maintained.Radio Frequency Radiation Exposure Limits.f = frequency in MHz* = Plane-wave equivalent power densityNOTE 1 TO TABLE 1: Occupational/controlled limits apply in situations in which persons are exposed as a consequence of their employment provided those persons are fully aware of the potential for exposure and can exercise control over their exposure.Limits for occupational/controlled exposure also apply in situations when an individual is transient through a location where occupational/controlled limits apply provided he or she is made aware of the potential for exposure.NOTE 2 TO TABLE 1: General population/uncontrolled exposures apply in situations in which the general public may be exposed, or in which persons that are exposed as a consequence of their employment may not be fully aware of the potential for exposure or can not exercise control over their exposure.Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy, and, if not installed and used in accordance with the installation manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required to correct the interference at their own expense.THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRENTY OF ANY KIND. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCT.TABLE 1. Limits for Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE)Frequency range (MHz)Electric field-strength (V/m)Magnetic field-strength (A/m)Power density (mW/cm 2 )Averaging time (minutes)(A) Limits for Occupational/Controlled Exposures0.3-3.0 614 1.63 *(100) 63.0-30 1842/f 4.89/f *(900/f2)630-300 61.4 0.163 1.0 6300-1500 — — f/300 61500-100,000 — — 5 6(B) Limits for General Population/Uncontrolled Exposure0.3-1.34 614 1.63 *(100) 301.34-30 824/f 2.19/f *(180/f2)3030-300 27.5 0.073 .2 30300-1500 — — f/1500 301500-100,000 — — 1.0 30
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITH ALL FAULTS. NEXTNET WIRELESS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FOM A COUSRE OF DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE.IN NO EVENT SHALL NEXTNET WIRELESS OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OF DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF NEXTNET WIRELESS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.NextNet Wireless, Inc. recommends the following antennas for base station installations:Manufacturer Antenna type Model/part numberThales 60 degree vertical polarization2600-VP-65-19Andrew Antenna 60 degree vertical polarizationDatamaster DMP20W060-V
iCHAPTER 0CONTENTSPreface About this guidePreface Overview ............................................................................... ixAbout this guide ................................................................................ ixChapters in this guide ........................................................................................... xAdditional documentation ................................................................. xiHow to obtain additional documentation ........................................................ xiTypographical conventions this guide uses ..................................... xiiWhere to go for more help ............................................................... xiiiTechnical support............................................................................................... xiiiDocumentation additions and corrections..................................................... xiiiChapter 1 Introduction to base station installationsChapter overview ..............................................................................1-1System overview ................................................................................1-1Base station overview ....................................................................................... 1-2Installation overview .........................................................................1-3Planning the installation ...................................................................1-4Choosing an installation location .................................................................... 1-4Assessing service provider equipment needs ................................................ 1-6Planning for the antennas and antenna installation tips .............................. 1-6Chapter 2 Configuring base stationsChapter overview ............................................................................. 2-7Before you begin .............................................................................. 2-7Using Terminal Emulation or Telnet to help configure base stations .................................................................................... 2-8Connecting through Telnet ............................................................................. 2-8
ii Configuring, Installing, and Using Base StationsConnecting through terminal emulation ....................................................... 2-9Terminal emulation connection settings ................................................. 2-9Setting base station configuration parameters ................................ 2-9set airlink channel number ............................................................................. 2-10set airlink downlink power ............................................................................. 2-11set downlink bias ............................................................................................ 2-11set airlink state .................................................................................................2-12Chapter 3 Installing base stationsChapter overview ............................................................................3-13Before you begin .............................................................................3-13Cell wiring .......................................................................................3-14Base station connectors ..................................................................3-15Ethernet (data) and power connector .......................................................... 3-15Ethernet/power connecting cable .........................................................3-16TVS module connectors ................................................................................ 3-18Base station to TVS connector .............................................................. 3-18Power supply cable and ISP Ethernet network connector ................ 3-18GPS connectors ............................................................................................... 3-19GPS connecting cable/Inter-base station connecting cables ............ 3-20Serial interface connector ............................................................................... 3-21Serial interface connecting cable ............................................................ 3-21Antenna connector ......................................................................................... 3-21Mounting the base station ............................................................. 3-22Mounting the base station to a wall .............................................................. 3-22Mounting the base station to a tower .......................................................... 3-23Connecting the antenna to the base station .................................. 3-24Antenna connection tips ................................................................................ 3-24Connecting the antenna to the base station ................................................ 3-24Connecting the GPS equipment to a base station ........................ 3-25GPS equipment mounting tips ..................................................................... 3-25Connecting the GPS unit to the base station ............................................. 3-26Connecting to the backbone network ........................................... 3-26Powering base stations .................................................................. 3-27
iiiPowering tips ................................................................................................... 3-27Powering the base station .............................................................................. 3-27Verifying system operation ............................................................ 3-28Appendix A Parts listAppendix overview ........................................................................A-29Appendix B MMDS frequency rangeAppendix overview ........................................................................B-31
iv Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stations
vCHAPTER 0FIGURESPreface About this guideChapter 1 Introduction to base station installationsFigure 1.1 Base station mounted on tower with antenna connection .................................................................... 1-2Chapter 2 Configuring base stationsChapter 3 Installing base stationsFigure 3.1 Cell wiring diagram ................................................... 3-14Figure 3.2 Base station connectors ........................................... 3-15Figure 3.3 Ethernet (data) and power connector ................... 3-16Figure 3.4 TVS module connector: Base station connector . 3-18Figure 3.5 TVS module connector: power/Ethernet connector 3-19Figure 3.6 GPS connector .......................................................... 3-19Figure 3.7 Serial interface connector ........................................ 3-21Figure 3.8 Base station mounting template ............................. 3-23Appendix A Parts listAppendix B MMDS frequency range
vi Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stations
viiCHAPTER 0TABLESPreface About this guideChapter 1 Introduction to base station installa-tionsTable 1.1 Base station physical characteristics ................................ 1-3Table 1.2 Advantages/disadvantages of location choices ............. 1-5Chapter 2 Configuring base stationsTable 2.1 Base station transmit power level .................................. 2-11Table 2.2 Data transfer rate associated with set downlink bias command ................................................................... 2-12Chapter 3 Installing base stationsTable 3.1 RJ-45 base station cable choices .................................... 3-16Table 3.2 RJ-45 cable pins ............................................................... 3-16Table 3.3 Function of wires in cable 597-6013-0xxx ................... 3-17Appendix AParts listTable A.1 Parts list ............................................................................ A-29Appendix BMMDS frequency range
viii Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stations
ixPREFACECHAPTER 0ABOUT THIS GUIDEPreface OverviewThank you for choosing the Expedience system from NextNet Wireless. This guide describes how to configure and install the system’s base station component.This preface describes:• Audience for this guide• Additional documentation• Typographical conventions used in this guide• Where to go for more helpAbout this guideThis guide describes how to configure and install the system’s base station. This guide is intended for network and system administrators who must install, configure, and manage base stations. This guide provides detailed configuration and installation instructions.
xConfiguring, Installing, and Operating Base StationsIt is assumed readers of this guide are familiar with:• Basic networking concepts• Layer 2 (link layer) of OSI model • Cell structure engineeringChapters in this guideTable i describes the chapters and appendices in this guide.Table iChapters and appendices in the guideChapter DescriptionPreface Provides an overview of the guide, related documentation, the guide’s intended audience, typographical conventions, and methods for obtaining technical support.Chapter 1 Introduction to base station installationsProvides an overview of the Expedience system and of the system’s base station component. It provides an installation overview and describes things you need to consider before installing base stations.Chapter 2 Configuring base stationsDescribes how to configure base stations, including how to use Telnet or Term to set up a base station before deploying it and mounting it to a tower or building. The chapter also describes how to configure base stations after you have deployed them, for example, to maintain the system and optimize system performance.Chapter 3 Installing base stationsExplains how to install a base station at a cell site. Also describes the components used to mount the base station on a building or tower.Appendix A Parts list Lists part numbers of system components that are related to base station installations
xiAdditional documentationIf you cannot find the information you need in this guide, you may want to refer to the documents described in Table ii.How to obtain additional documentationThese documents are available in hard copy format. You can also download documents from the NextNet Wireless web site. You need a user name and password to do so. To download the documentation:1Use your Internet browser to go to:www.nextnetwireless.com2On the home page, click the Products link.3On the page that appears, click the product name for which you want documentation.4Click the document link.5A list of documentation appears. To access the documentation file, click the title of the file you want to review.Table iiAdditional documentationGuide DescriptionGetting Started with the Expedience SystemProvides an overview of the Expedience system, its components, its network architecture, and options for selecting a deployment scheme for the system in your backbone network.Using the NextNet Operating System (NNOS)Describes the operating system commands you can use to configure and control the Expedience system, as well as the interfaces (command line and Web) that you can use to issue NNOS commands to base stations and CPEs. Installing and using the CPE Intended for use by your subscribers, this guide describes how to install a CPE at a subscriber site. The CPE is completely installable by your subscribers. White paper TBD
xii Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base StationsTypographical conventions this guide usesTable iii describes the typographical conventions that this guide uses.Table iiiTypographical conventionsConvention MeaningBold face If you are using a graphical user interface (GUI), bold face indicates a button, menu option, icon, and so on, that you manipulate directly.If you are using a command line interface, bold face indicates commands and keywords.Bold face can also indicate information that you must enter.Italic face Arguments for which you supply values are in italic face.Courier (mono-spaced) fontA command you type in, exactly as it appears, at a command line.[ ... ] Arguments that appear inside square brackets [ ], are optional.Also, when the guide shows a system prompt, the default system prompt appears inside square brackets.{..} | {..} Required keywords are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars.Note Notes contain helpful suggestions for the reader.<...> Non-printing characters, such as passwords, appear in angle brackets.Caution Cautions contain information about which the reader must exercise care.Warning Warnings contain information about how readers might do something resulting in harm to themselves or in damage to equipment or data.
xiiiWhere to go for more helpThis section describes how to obtain support for your NextNet Wireless product. It also describes how to provide comments on the product documentation.Technical supportNextNet Wireless is committed to providing our customers with high quality technical support. Table iv describes how to contact technical support.Documentation additions and correctionsIf you find documentation errors, or want to see additional information not presented in this guide, please contact our documentation group at the following e-mail address:techdocs@nextnetwireless.comTable ivContacting technical supportContact DescriptionPhone 800.000.0000 (United States)1.952.###.#### (Internationally)E-mail support@nextnetwireless.comWeb site www.nextnetwireless.com
xiv Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base Stations
1-1CHAPTER1CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION TO BASE STATIONINSTALLATIONSChapter overviewThis chapter provides an overview of the Expedience system and of the system’s base station component. It provides an installation overview. The chapter also describes things you need to consider before installing base stations. System overviewNextNet Wireless designed the Expedience system to give small office, home office (SOHO), and residential subscribers high speed, wireless access to network communication systems, such as the Internet. The Expedience system is an end-to-end broadband wireless access system for multichannel multipoint distribution service (MMDS) frequencies (2.5 - 2.686 GHz). The system is a local loop, wireless alternative that offers a last mile solution for packet data and voice.The Expedience system consists of two equipment components: customer premise equipment (CPE) and base stations. You install base stations in sectors, within cells. The system does not have a line-of-sight (LOS) requirement between the base station and the CPEs. The air link between base stations and CPEs functions as an Ethernet bridge carrying IP/ARP packets. Time division duplex (TDD) and
1-2 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stationscellular deployment offer you flexibility in adjusting downlink versus uplink airtime. For more system overview information, refer to the guide “Getting Started with the Expedience System.”Base station overviewThe base station maintains contact with CPEs at your subscribers’ sites. The base station integrates the transceiver and modem into one device. From a transmitting tower, the base station can cover can approximate radius of 1 to 3 miles, with a 5 mile maximum. Figure 1.1 shows a base station. Figure 1.1Base station mounted on tower with antenna connection
1-3Table 1.1 describes base station physical characteristics.Installation overviewThis section provides a high-level overview of the base station installation process. Other sections in this guide then explain these installation tasks in detail.The tasks you perform to deploy base stations are:1Choose an appropriate location for the base station installation. For more information, refer to the section, “Choosing an installation location” on page 1-4 in this chapter. 2Plan for system components that you need to supply to complete the network. For more information, refer to the section, “Assessing service provider equipment needs” on page 1-6 in this chapter. 3Configure the base stations, before deploying them in the field. For more information, refer to the chapter, in this guide.4Mount the base station at the site you selected. For more information, refer to the section, “Mounting the base station” on page 3-22 in this guide. 5Connect the antenna to the base station, as described in the section, “Connecting the antenna to the base station” on page 3-24.6Mount the GPS device and connect it to the base station. One GPS device can service the multiple base stations at a cell site. For more information, refer to the section, “Connecting the GPS equipment to a base station” on page 3-25 in this guide. 7Connect the base station to the transcient voltage suppressor (TVS) module, then connect the TVS module to your network switch. The TVS module splits the connection: one connection goes to a switch that connects to your network, and the other goes to a power supply. For more Table 1.1Base station physical characteristicsCharacteristic DescriptionDimensions 18.34 in. x 11.25 in. x 5.25in.Weight 40 poundsTemperature range -30 C to 50 CHeat load If housed in environmentally controlled enclosure, heat load is 490 BTU/hour
1-4 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stationsinformation, refer to the section, “Connecting to the backbone network” on page 3-26 in this guide.8Power the base stations by connecting the TVS module to the power supply. For more information, refer to the section, “Powering base stations” on page 3-27 in this guide.9Before leaving the site, verify that the system is operating. For more information, refer to the section, “Verifying system operation” on page 3-28 in this guide. Planning the installationThis section describes issues you need to consider before you install the base stations, including:• Location considerations• Service provider equipment componentsChoosing an installation locationThe base station’s location at a site depends on many factors, including the site’s physical environment, the coverage pattern you want to achieve, and the ease of
1-5maintenance you require. Table 1.2 describes some of the locations you might want to consider.Note: Regardless of the location you choose, plan to provide a weatherproof housing unit for the network switch, the power supply, and the TVS equipment.Table 1.2Advantages/disadvantages of location choicesLocation Advantages DisadvantagesOn tower, at antennasInstalling at the antennas offers cost savings, due to the fact that you can use a shorter coaxial cable to connect the base stations to your cells. This also offers the ability to transmit at higher power levels, since there is lower signal loss in shorter cables.When you install base stations near the top of the tower, installation and maintenance are more difficult.At base of tower Placing the base stations at the base of a tower offers simpler installation and maintenance than a base station installed on the tower, at the antennas.Base station installation and maintenance are simpler than other options; If you install at the base of the tower, you need to run a coaxial cable from the base stations to the cells. This cable must be of sufficient size to reduce signal loss, which may increase costs. Installation still requires you to install the antennas and coaxial cable.On rooftop You can use a shorter coaxial cable to connect base stations to cells. As such, you can probably operate at higher power levels, and still stay within signal loss criteria. Rooftop access is usually available, making installation and maintenance easier. Also, a housing unit for the backbone network switch, power supplies, and other equipment is typically available.You need to obtain permission to use a rooftop, and comply with building codes.
1-6 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base StationsAssessing service provider equipment needsThe Expedience system supplies the base stations, the CPEs, and an Ethernet cable that connects the CPE to the subscriber’s PC or LAN network interface card (NIC).Before you install and deploy the base station, ensure you have made provisions for the following components:• Power and data connection between the base station and your network• Domain name server (DNS), DHCP server, SNMP server, and authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) server• Global position system (GPS) for proper TDD functions. You must use the GPS supplied with the Expedience system.• Antenna system for transmitting and receiving signals for the base stations.• Weatherproof housing for the backbone network switch, power supplies, and UPS. Also supply weatherproof housing for the TVS module, which provides lightning protection.• Co-axial cable to connect the base station to the panel antenna.• Tower or building structure on which to mount cell site equipment.Planning for the antennas and antenna installation tips The type of antenna you choose depends on the cell type and pattern you want to use. Make sure:• The antenna is a high-gain antenna, at least 20dBi, or higher.• The installation of the antenna complies with the vendor’s installation directions, and that it meets building codes.After you have installed an antenna, you need to connect it to a mounted base station. For instructions on connecting the antenna to a base station, refer to the section, “Connecting the antenna to the base station” on page 3-24.
2-7CHAPTER2CHAPTER 2CONFIGURING BASE STATIONSChapter overviewThis chapter describes how to configure base stations. It describes:• How to configure base stations before you deploy them.• How to configure base stations after you have deployed them, for example, to maintain the system and optimize system performanceBefore you beginTo configure base stations before you deploy them on towers or buildings, you must first supply power to the base station, and connect the base station to a PC or laptop using the serial cable/serial connection. To perform these tasks:1Plug one end of the base station-to-TVS cable into the base station. Plug the other end into the TVS module. Then, plug the TVS module into a power source.2Use the serial interface cable to connect your management station to the base station to enable communication between the devices. 3On your computer, start a terminal emulation or Telnet session with the base station you want to configure.4Configure the base station using the parameters described in the section “Setting base station configuration parameters” on page 2-9 in this guide.
2-8 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base StationsUsing Terminal Emulation or Telnet to help configure base stationsThe base station supports the following methods of configuration and management:• SNMP server• Web server• Telnet, terminal emulation over a serial lineTo configure the device initially, you will most likely use a serial connection and a terminal emulation session. • Telnet allows access to the base station through remote access over the Ethernet network using the base station’s IP address.• Terminal emulation allows access through a direct RS-232 connection from a personal computer to the base station. Before you mount a base station, it is recommended that you use the terminal emulation connection to assign a name to the base station. Connecting through TelnetTo use Telnet, the base station’s IP address must be known, or referenced through the base station’s name stored on a domain name server (DNS).Before installing a base station, it is recommended that you use the terminal emulation serial connection (described in the section that follows) to assign a name to the base station, for example “Cell2Sector4.” Assigning the base station a name makes it easier for you to identify devices in the network.When you implement the base station in your network, the base station acquires an IP address from a DHCP server on your network. After receiving the IP address, the base station supplies the now associated name and assigned IP address to DNS.Note: During initial set up of your equipment, you can use a DHCP server on your network to assign the base station an IP address, or you can set the address manually. For more information, refer to the guide “Using the NextNet Operating System (NNOS).”
2-9Connecting through terminal emulationThe terminal emulation connection is a physical RS-232 cable connection, between the base station and a PC. Once the connection is made, you can use a program such as Hyperterminal under the Windows operating system to configure and communicate with the station. Before installing a base station, it is recommended that you assign the base station a name, using terminal emulation and the “set name” and “set location” commands in NNOS. Assigning a name makes it easier for you to identify the device in the network. Also, depending on IP lease time, an IP address can change each time you power on the base station or reset it.Terminal emulation connection settingsTo set up a terminal emulation connection, use these settings:• 19.2 baud•8 data bits • No parity• 1 stop bit• no flow controlSetting base station configuration parametersThis section describes configuration parameters you must set for proper base station functioning.You can use Telnet, terminal emulation, the NNOS web interface, or an SNMP session to configure the parameters on the base station.When setting up the base station, you must:1Set the following parameters, in the order that follows:•set airlink channel number•set airlink downlink power•set airlink downlink bias•set airlink state 2After setting the parameters, use the write command to write the settings into the flash, non-volatile memory.
2-10 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stations3For your changes to take effect, perform one of the following:•Re-boot the base station--OR--•Power down the base station, and then re-power it.For more information about these configuration parameters, as well as a full list of configuration parameters, refer to the guide “Using the NextNet Operating System.”set airlink channel numberSet this configuration parameter to the channel on which you want to run the airlink. The channel range for ITFS and MMDS frequencies is 1-31. For an illustration of the channels, refer to Appendix B.Example: set airlink channel number 15
2-11set airlink downlink powerThis parameter specifies the base station’s transmit power level. Specify a power value from 0 to 31. The maximum system power level is 10, which specifies +33 dB at 2 watts. The other power levels are measured in 1 dB steps from the maximum.Example: set airlink downlink power 10set downlink bias This parameter specifies the portion of airtime (slots) available for use on the downlink relative to the airtime for the uplink. There are always 6 slots available for the uplink.The higher the bias, the more bandwidth is available for the downlink, due to more time allocated to the downlink. Example: set airlink downlink bias 9Table 2.1Base station transmit power levelPower value Power level10 +33 dBm or 2.0 watts..13 +30 dBm 1.0 watt..16 +27 dBm 500 milliwatts..23 +20 dBm 100 milliwatts..31 +12 dBm 15.8 milliwatts
2-12 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base StationsYou must specify the same downlink bias for all base stations in a cell. Likewise, all base stations within your system, regardless of the cell they are in, must have the same downlink bias.set airlink stateThis parameter enables the airlink. After you specify the set airlink channel number, set airlink downlink power, and set downlink bias parameters, you must set the airlink state to enabled, for your changes to take effect.Example: set airlink state enabledYou can take the base station off the air by disabling the airlink.Table 2.2Data transfer rate associated with set downlink bias commandBias number variableDownlink slots available*Downlink rate (bps) Uplink rate (bps)06 downlink slots 1,364,496 1,249,920191,747,872 1,028,160214 2,157,216 794,880317 2,325,024 699,840420 2,456,440 624,960523 2,562,112 564,480629 2,718,464 472,320733 2,798,976 426,240837 2,868,480 388,800941 2,924,416 357,12010 54 3,055,248 282,24011 61 3,103,232 253,44012 67 3,140,208 233,28013 73 3,170,400 216,00014 80 3,198,840 198,72015 90 3,236,400 178,560*Note: There are always 6 slots available for the uplink.
3-13CHAPTER3CHAPTER 3INSTALLING BASE STATIONSChapter overviewThis chapter describes how to install base stations. It describes:• Components used to mount the base station on a building or tower. • Connecting the base station to the cell and to cell-site componentsBefore you beginBefore you install a base station on a roof top or tower:• It is recommended that you assign a name to the base station. For more information refer to Chapter 2, “Configuring base stations‚” in this guide.• It is also a good idea to configure the base station.
3-14 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base StationsCell wiringFigure 3.1 shows how a cell, base stations, and ancillary equipment are wired together.Figure 3.1Cell wiring diagram1 2 6PanelAntenna*Coax jumper*Coax - mainfeed*Coax jumper*GPS UnitGPSInterfaceCableTVSModuleBackbone swtich* P ower s upply*UPS*AC power cord*DC power cable*In-line orpanel fuse*Base station*Not provided as component ofstandard NextNet Wireless basestation productGPS inter-basestation cableE thernet/powercableLoadTerminationOptional S erialC onnection andLaptop ComputerBackboneconnection cable*E thernet cable*
3-15Base station connectorsFigure 3.2 shows the connectors that the base station supports.Ethernet (data) and power connectorThe Ethernet and power connector supplies data and DC power to the base station. The circular connector has 8 pins:• Ethernet transmit uses 2 pins.• Ethernet receive uses 2 pins.• Power ground uses 2 pins• Power V+ uses 2 pins. Figure 3.2Base station connectorsBase StationAntenna ConnectorJ4 - Serial ConnectorJ3 - GPS ConnectorJ2 - GPS ConnectorJ1 - Ethernet/PowerConnector
3-16 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base StationsFigure 3.3 shows the pins of the Ethernet and power connector on the base station, looking at the connector on the base station.Ethernet/power connecting cableDepending on your needs, you can order any of the following cables to connect the base station to the TVS module.Table 3.2 describes the pins of the RJ-45 cable (the Ethernet/power cable) that connects the base station to the TVS device.Figure 3.3Ethernet (data) and power connectorTable 3.1RJ-45 base station cable choicesCable part number Length (feet)597-6013-0010 10597-6013-0025 25597-6013-0050 50597-6013-0100 100597-6013-0200 200Table 3.2RJ-45 cable pinsPin Connection1Tx+2Tx-3Rx+2816745 31 - EN TD+2 - EN TD-3 - EN RD+4 - EN RD-5 - Power V+6 - Power V+7 - Power V-8 - Power V-
3-17Table 3.3 describes the color and function of the wires in cable 597-6013-0xxx.4Rx-5 +48 VDC6 +48 VDC7 -48 VDC8 -48 VDCTable 3.3Function of wires in cable 597-6013-0xxxWire color Wire functionWhite/orange Tx+ EthernetOrange Tx- EthernetWhite/green Rx+ EthernetGreen Rx- EthernetRed +48 VDCRed/white +48 VDCBlack -48 VDCBlack/white -48 VDCTable 3.2RJ-45 cable pinsPin Connection
3-18 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base StationsTVS module connectorsThe TVS module has connectors on both its right and left sides. Base station to TVS connectorThe base station connector supplies power and an Ethernet connection to the base station. Connect cable 597-6013-0xxx to this side of the TVS module.Note: Use the AUX +48 VDC and AUX ETHERNET connections only if you need to cut off the circular connector from the power/Ethernet cable (597-6013-0xxx). For example, you might not be able to use the circular connector if it cannot fit through a space or hole in a wall at the installation site. Instead, you may split the cable and put a 6-pin, RJ-11 connector on the Ethernet wires, and a power connector on the power wires. Then, you will plug the appropriate connector from the split cable into the corresponding connector in the TVS module. Table 3.3, “Function of wires in cable 597-6013-0xxx” on page 17 describes the wires in the cable.Power supply cable and ISP Ethernet network connectorThe other side of the module has a connector for both an Ethernet cable coming from your ISP network and for the +48 VDC power coming from a power supply.Note: To ensure your base station is properly protected from possible lightning strikes, ensure you plug the power cable coming from your power supply into this connector in the TVS module. If you plug the power cable into the Figure 3.4TVS module connector: Base station connectorPOWER / ETHERNETAUX+48 VDCBase Connection AUXETHERNET+ -
3-19base station connector side, the base station will power up, but you will not be properly protected against possible lightning strikes. GPS connectorsThe base station supports two GPS connectors: one connector is used to supply the GPS signal, either by a direct connection to the GPS device, or by a daisy chain connection to another base station in the cell. The other GPS connector is used to make a daisy-chain connection from the current base station to the next base station.Figure 3.5TVS module connector: power/Ethernet connectorISPEthernet +48 VDCPower+ -Figure 3.6GPS connector5132 41 - 1PPS+2 - 1PPS-3 - 422Data+4 - 422Data-5 - 18V+6 - Ground6
3-20 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base StationsAn RS-422 line feeds 1PPS+ and 1PPS- with the time synchronization pulse from the GPS equipment to the base station. An RS-422 line also feeds 422Data+ and 422Data-, to allow data communication from the GPS device to the base station. Currently, this is one-way communication, with the GPS device giving the base station time information. The 18V+ and ground pin supply power to the GPS device from the base station. The GPS device uses 18 volts DC at 150 milliamperes.GPS connecting cable/Inter-base station connecting cablesYou need one GPS device per cell. You then directly connect one base station within that cell to the GPS device. Next, the other base stations are connected to each other, using a daisy chain wiring scheme, so that all base stations in the cell can receive a GPS signal. You can choose the length of the cable that connects the base station to the GPS receiver. • The cable that comes standard in the base station site installation kit is 100 ft (part number 597-6011-0100).• If desired, you can use a shorter cable to connect the base station to the GPS receiver. This alternate cable is 25 ft (part number 597-6011-0025).You can also choose the length of the daisy-chain cable that connects one base station to another base station. • The standard cable shipped in the base station installation kit is 3 ft (part number 597-6012-0003).• If desired, you can use a longer cable to connect one base station to another. This cable is 10 ft (part number 597-6012-0010)If you need to remove a base station for service, you can use the longer, 10 ft. cable to jumper the GPS cables together, and continue cell operation. The last base station in the daisy chain requires a load termination to be connected to the GPS connection. This base terminator plug is 100 ohm (part number 515-6005-0001).
3-21Serial interface connectorFor base station configuration, the serial interface connector lets you directly connect the base station to a PC or laptop. The six-pin connector is an RS-232 cable (10 ft), physical interface. Note: “nu” indicates that the pin is not used.Serial interface connecting cableCable 597-6014-0010 has a female, circular connector on one end, and a DB-9 female connector on the other end. Plug the DB-9 end of the cable into your PC or laptop. Plug the other end of the cable into the serial interface connector. Antenna connectorThe antenna connector is a type N female connector. It has a built-in, internal 1/4 wave stub lightning protector. Connect the base station to the antenna using a coaxial cable. Connect the proper lightning ground wiring to the antenna lightning protector.Figure 3.7Serial interface connector5132 41 - nu2 - TxD3 - RxD4 - TxD5 - nu6 - Ground6
3-22 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base StationsMounting the base stationYou can mount the base station to any surface. To mount the base station to a wall, you need to use the supplied mounting brackets. If you are installing the base station on a tower, you need to use mounting plates, which you need to acquire from another equipment supplier. Mounting the base station to a wallTo mount the base station to a wall:1Find a surface suited to base station installation.aPlan to install the base station vertically, so the antenna connector is at the top (facing skyward), and the other circular connectors are at the bottom (facing the ground).bMake sure the area above and below the location where you want to install the base station has a good distance for clearance. This clearance allows for proper air circulation and heat flow from the heat sink fins on the back of the base station. The clearance also allows for the coaxial cable and the other cable connections.
3-232Drill mounting holes into the surface, according to the dimensions shown in Figure 3.8.3To attach the base station to a wall, use the mounting brackets. Install them on the base station first, then attach the brackets to the wall. To attach the brackets to the base station, use 5/16 inch x 18 inch UNC thread bolts and a lock washer. Use your own bolts to then attach the bracket to the surface.Mounting the base station to a towerUse the tower connecting plate to attach the base station to a tower. To mount the base station on a tower:1Find a place on the tower that is suited to base station installation.aPlan to install the base station vertically, so the antenna connector is at the top (facing skyward), and the other circular connectors are at the bottom (facing the ground).bMake sure the area above and below the location where you want to install the base station has a good distance for clearance. This clearance allows for proper air circulation and heat flow from the heat sink fins on the back of the base station and for cable connections.Figure 3.8Base station mounting template0.375" dia (4)4.000"18.000"
3-24 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stations2If you are installing the base station to a tower, you must use mounting plates. Attach the plates to the base station, then attach the mounting plates to the tower according to the directions from the plate manufacturer.Connecting the antenna to the base stationThis section provides tips you can use to connect the antenna to the base station. It also provides step-by-step instructions for connecting the components to each other.Antenna connection tipsUse the following tips when connecting the base station to the antenna:• You connect the antenna to the base station using a coaxial cable. The size of the cable depends on the distance between the base station and the antenna. •The greater the distance, the larger your coaxial cable needs to be, in order to maintain low signal loss. •It is recommended that you keep signal loss to a minimum. At a maximum, the signal loss should be no more than 2 to 3 dB, including all coaxial cable and connectors.• Use short coaxial jumpers from the base station to the main coaxial line, and from the main coaxial line to the antenna. It is recommended you use 1/2 inch flexible line, of the shortest length possible, while still allowing the flexibility to make a good connection.• The base station contains an antenna connector with a 1/4 inch wave stub lightning protector. You do not need to place an external lightning protector in the coaxial cable. Connecting the antenna to the base stationTo attach the antenna to the base station:1Mount the antenna according to the manufacturer’s instructions. 2Connect one end of a short coaxial jumper to the antenna. Connect the other jumper end to the main coaxial cable.3On the base station’s antenna connector, connect one end of a short coaxial jumper. Connect the other jumper end to the main coaxial cable coming from the antenna.
3-254Make sure the coaxial line is properly grounded.5Properly seal the co-axial connections with weatherproof components, tape and wrap.Connecting the GPS equipment to a base stationThe GPS equipment provides a time synchronization signal to the base station. This signal is needed to ascertain the proper timing for time division duplexing (TDD). The equipment — supplied by NextNet and manufactured by Trimble Navigation Limited — is a smart antenna in a sealed, shielded, self-contained unit that houses a GPS receiver, GPS antenna, and interface circuitry. A lightning protector is also supplied.When powered, the GPS provides accurate time, with a time pulse of one pulse per second, synchronized to Universal Time, Coordinated (UTC) within 150 nanoseconds. GPS equipment mounting tipsYou must use the supplied Trimble GPS system to supply a time synchronization signal to the base stations in a cell. You cannot use a GPS from another manufacturer. The GPS and lightning protector do not ship with mounting accessories. You can obtain these accessories from many suppliers around the world, especially distributors of marine products.Follow these tips when mounting the GPS:• Mount the GPS unit on a threaded pipe or pole.• The GPS mounting socket accepts a 1.0000 x 14 straight thread. It is recommended that the pole/pipe you use be 1.000 inch. • Secure the pipe or pole to the building or other support structure. • You must install lightning protection equipment. It is recommended that the lightning protector be installed at the smart antenna end of the time source interface cable. You must then directly connect the protection ground wire to a properly grounded equipment chassis or antenna mast.• Ensure at least half of the sky is clearly visible to the unit.
3-26 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base Stations• Expose the unit to the southern portion of the sky. GPS satellites move generally from the southwest to the northeast.Connecting the GPS unit to the base stationOne GPS unit can support numerous base stations in the same cell. Use the GPS-to-base station cable to attach the GPS unit to one of the base stations in the cell.To connect the cable to the GPS unit and to the base station (both of which have already been installed and mounted):1Connect the cable’s molded, circular female connector to the GPS unit.2Install the lightning protection equipment. It is recommended that the lightning protector be installed at the smart antenna end of the time source interface cable. You must then directly connect the protection ground wire to a properly grounded equipment chassis or antenna mast.3After connecting the cable to the GPS unit, run the cable to the base station. Plug the cable’s other end into the base station’s GPS connector. 4Secure the cable that you just ran to an appropriate support structure. Coil and tie any excess cable.5The GPS unit receives its power from the base station. The base station supplies power to the GPS device, which uses 18 volts DC at 150 milliamperes.6So that the remaining base stations in the cell can receive a GPS signal, connect a base station adjacent to the base station you just connected to the GPS unit. Continue to use the daisy chain wiring scheme to connect the remaining base stations, until all of the base stations within the cell are connected to each other.On the last base station in the daisy chain, connect the load termination on the open GPS connection.Connecting to the backbone networkThe base station connects to a TVS module. You then connect the TVS module to your network. Typically, base stations connect to a level 2 switch at the cell site, using a 10BaseT connection. The switch controls the base station data traffic to and from the backbone network.Connect the switch to the backhaul network using the appropriate cabling.
3-27Powering base stationsThis section describes tips for powering base stations, as well as the component connection sequence you need to use to properly power base stations.Powering tips• It is recommended that you use a redundant power supply for base stations. • Each base station requires 48 volts DC at 3.0 amps maximum • Depending on the type of equipment you own, supply power to the Ethernet switch and backbone network equipment.• It is recommended that you use an uninterruptable power supply (UPS).Tips for sizing the UPS include:•Size the voltage and amperage of the power supply according to the number of base stations at your cell site. •Size the UPS according to the efficiency of the DC power supplies and power requirements of the other ancillary equipment, such as the Ethernet switch and backbone network equipment.•Consider the time you want to allow the system to operate on the UPS.Powering the base stationThe base station does not have a power switch. Rather, it receives its power when the UPS, power supply, and TVS module are connected to the base station through the Ethernet/power cable. To connect the base station to a power supply, connect these components in the order that follows: 1Connect the base station to the antenna.2Connect the GPS to a base station, and use a daisy chain wiring scheme to connect the other base stations.3Connect the base station to the TVS module using the Ethernet/power cable of the desired length.4Use an Ethernet cable to connect the TVS module to the network. Use a standard DC power cable to connect the TVS module to the power supply.5Connect the power supply to the UPS.6Connect the UPS to an AC power supply.
3-28 Configuring, Installing, and Using Base StationsVerifying system operationBefore you leave the cell site, make sure the system is operational. To do so:1TBD2TBD3TBD
A-29APPENDIXACHAPTER 0PARTS LISTAppendix overviewThis appendix provides you with part numbers for the base station and for the system components which support the base station.Table A.1Parts listComponent Part numberBase station 123-0100-1000Base station mounting bracket 123-0100-0130TVS module 123-0100-0125“Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base Stations” manual104-0100-0001-ABase station site installation kit, which includes:123-0100-0135GPS unit 450-0010-2000GPS lightning protector 450-0010-2001Base station terminator plug(100 ohm)515-6005-0001Base-to-base daisy chain cables (5 cables, 3 ft. each)597-6012-0003Base to GPS receiver cable, 100 ft.597-6011-0100Serial interface cable, for base station programming, 10 ft.597-6014-0010
A-30 Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base StationsBase station power/Ethernet cable. Depending on your needs, the following lengths are available:Base station power/Ethernet cable, 10 ft.597-6013-0010Base station power/Ethernet cable, 25 ft.597-6013-0025Base station power/Ethernet cable, 100 ft.597-6013-0100Base station power/Ethernet cable, 200 ft.597-6013-0200Base station site power supply kit, which includes:123-0100-01403 power supply modules 420-0100-050019 inch rack mounting chassis 420-0100-0501Cable alternativesBase station to GPS receiver, 25 ft.597-6011-0025Base station to GPS receiver, 100 ft.597-6011-0100Base-to-base daisy chain cable, 3 ft.597-6012-0003Base-to-base daisy chain cable, 10 ft.597-6012-0010Table A.1Parts listComponent Part number
B-31APPENDIXBCHAPTER 0MMDS FREQUENCY RANGEAppendix overviewThis appendix provides reference information about the MMDS frequency range.MMDS stands for multichannel multipoint distribution service and is a system of transmitting signals through microwave. MMDS represents frequencies in the 2.5 to 2.686 GHz band. Although initially used to transmit video signals, MMDS has gone through regulatory changes which allow licensees of the frequency range to engage in fixed, two-way digital transmissions. The MMDS frequencies are ideally suited for broadband delivery of data, voice, and Internet services. Note that the MMDS band shares its range with the instructional television fixed service (ITFS) band. ITFS makes up the A, B, C, D and G blocks. Each block contains 4 channels. Blocks A through D occupy the contiguous space from 2500-2596 MHz and the G block occupies space from 2644 to 2680 MHz, alternating every other channel with the H block. Although the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) did not auction licenses for the ITFS frequencies, operators often lease the ITFS frequencies. These leases are allowed as long as the operator transmits up to 40 hours of educational programming per week. Sometimes, MMDS is referred to as wireless cable.
B-32 Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base StationsChannel2690A1B1 B2 B3 B4 D1 D2 D3 D4 F1 F2 F3 F4 H1 H2 H3ITFS MMDS ITFS & MMDS2500 2524 2548 2572 2596 2620 2644 2668A2 A3 A4 C1 C2 C3 C4 E1 E2 E3 E4 G1 G2 G3 G41 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10111213141516171819202122232425262728293031Frequency(MHz)
Index-33AAAA server equipment, 1-6Airlinkenabling, 2-12Ancilliary equipmenthousing requirements, 1-6Antennacoaxial cable, 3-21connector, 3-21gain recommended, 1-6installation tips, 3-24lightning protection, 3-21planning installation, 1-6type used to transmit MMDS channels, B-31AUX +48 VDC connector, 3-18AUX ETHERNET connector, 3-18BBackbone networkconnecting to, 3-26Bandwidthincreasing on the downlink, 2-11Base stationconnecting to TVS module, 3-18connectors, 3-15daisy chaining within cell, 3-26mounting, 3-22naming, 2-8power, 3-27setting configuration parameters, 2-9transmit power level, 2-11CCablealternative lengths, A-30coaxial cable, 3-21Ethernet/power, 3-16GPS inter-base station cable, 3-20GPS interface cable, 3-20serial interface, 3-21Cellwiring, 3-14Channelsin MMDS frequencies, B-31shared with ITFS, B-31Coaxial cable, 3-21jumpers recommended, 3-24maximum signal loss allowed, 3-24Configuration parameterssetting before deploying base station, 2-9Connectordata, 3-15Ethernet, 3-15GPS, 3-19ISP Ethernet in TVS module, 3-18power, 3-15serial interface, 3-21TVS module, 3-18Connectorssupported by base station, 3-15DDaisy chain cable See GPS Inter-base station cableDaisy-chaining base stations, 3-26DHCP server equipment, 1-6DNS equipment, 1-6Documentationfinding additional, preface-xiEEquipmentprovided by service providers, 1-6Ethernet/power cable, 3-16function of wires within, 3-17splitting, 3-18Expedience systemINDEX
Index-34 Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base Stationsobtaining technical support for, preface-xiiioverview of, 1-1FFrequency range, 1-1GGPScomponents of, 3-25connecting to base station, 3-26connector, 3-19daisy-chained base stations, 3-26exposure requirements, 3-25interface cable, 3-20load termination module, 3-14mounting pole and socket, 3-25powering, 3-26TDD impact, 1-6time pulse generated, 3-25GPS Inter-base station cable, 3-20HHyperterminalusing to configure base station, 2-9IInter-base station cable, 3-20ITFS channels, B-31LLightning protection, 1-6, 3-24, A-29antenna, 3-21supplied through TVS module, 3-18LOS requirement elimination, 1-1MMMDS frequency rangechannels, B-31Mountingbrackets, 3-22, A-29template, 3-23NNNOS web interfacesetting base station configuration parameters, 2-9PPart numbers, A-29Power supply modules, 3-14, A-30Power supply mounting rack, A-30RRS-232 cable, 2-9SSerial interfacecable, 3-21connector, 3-21set airlink channel number, 2-10set airlink downlink power, 2-11set airlink state, 2-12set downlink bias, 2-11SNMP server equipment, 1-6SNMP sessionsetting base station configuration parameters, 2-9Subscriberstypical of the Expedience system, 1-1TTechnical support, preface-xiiiTelnet access to base station, 2-8Telnet sessionsetting base station configuration parameters, 2-9Terminal emulationaccess to base station, 2-9connection settings, 2-9setting base station configuration parameters, 2-9Terminal emulation connection
Index-35settings, 2-9TVS module, 1-3, 1-4, A-29connectors, 3-18Typographical conventions overview, preface-xiiUUPSsizing considerations, 3-27WWeatherproof housing requirements, 1-5Wiring cells, 3-14
Index-36 Configuring, Installing, and Operating Base Stations

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