PBE Europe as Axell Wireless 51-102SERIES D-CSR-3604-8-470-490-DP-AC Selective Repeater User Manual CSR 3604 3304

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Date Submitted	2014-05-01 00:00:00
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Document Title	CSR 3604-3304
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Document Author:	Axell Wireless

AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
CSR 3604-3304
Channel Selective UHF Repeater
Product Description and User’s Manual
Doc PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
THIS DOCUMENT IS VALID FOR THE
CSR 3604-3304 (3/5MHz) REPEATERS for the US Market
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
Copyright © 2014 Axell Wireless Ltd
All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be copied, distributed, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system, or translated into any human or computer language without the prior
written permission of Axell Wireless Ltd.
The manufacturer has made every effort to ensure that the instructions contained in this
document are adequate and free of errors and omissions. The manufacturer will, if
necessary, explain issues which may not be covered by this document. The manufacturer's
liability for any errors in the document is limited to the correction of errors and the
aforementioned advisory services.
This document has been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained
personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility when using them. The
manufacturer welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continual
development and improvement of the documentation in the best way possible from the
user's viewpoint. Please submit your comments to the nearest Axell Wireless sales
representative.
Contact Information
Headquarters
Axell Wireless
Aerial House
Asheridge Road
Chesham
Buckinghamshire HP5 2QD
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 1494 777000
Fax: +44 1494 777002
Commercial inquiries
Web site
Support issues
Technical Support Line, English speaking
info@axellwireless.com
www.axellwireless.com
support@axellwireless.com
+44 1494 777 747
Contact information for Axell Wireless offices in other countries can be found on our web
site, www.axellwireless.com
© Axell Wireless Ltd
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
II
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
About This Manual
This Product Manual provides the following information:
 Description of the Repeater

Procedures for setup, configuration and checking the proper operation of the Repeater

Maintenance and troubleshooting procedures
Users
This Product Manual is intended for experienced technicians and engineers. It is assumed
that the customers installing, operating, and maintaining Axell Wireless Repeaters are
familiar with the basic functionality of Repeaters.
Notice
Confidential - Authorized Customer Use
This document may be used in its complete form only and is solely for the use of Axell
Wireless employees and authorized Axell Wireless channels or customers. The material
herein is proprietary to Axell Wireless. Any unauthorized reproduction, use or disclosure of
any part thereof is strictly prohibited.
All trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Disclaimer of Liability
Contents herein are current as of the date of publication. Axell Wireless reserves the right to
change the contents without prior notice. The information furnished by Axell Wireless in this
document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Axell Wireless assumes no
responsibility for its use. In no event shall Axell Wireless be liable for any damage resulting
from loss of data, loss of use, or loss of profits and Axell Wireless further disclaims any and
all liability for indirect, incidental, special, consequential or other similes damages. This
disclaimer of liability applies to all products, publications and services during and after the
warranty period.
Safety to Personnel

Before installing or replacing any of the equipment, the entire manual should be read
and understood.

This equipment is to be installed only in a restricted access location.

Throughout this manual, there are "Caution" warnings. "Caution" calls attention to a
procedure or practice, which, if ignored, may result in injury or damage to the system,
system component or even the user. Do not perform any procedure preceded by a
"Caution" until the described conditions are fully understood and met.
CAUTION! This notice calls attention to a procedure or practice
that, if ignored, may result in personal injury or in damage to the
system or system component. Do not perform any procedure
preceded by a "Caution" until described conditions are fully
understood and met.
III
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
Compliance with FCC
Part 90 Signal Boosters
THIS IS A 90.219 CLASS A DEVICE
WARNING: This is NOT a CONSUMER device. This device is designed for installation
by FCC LICENCEES and QUALIFIED INSTALLERS. You MUST have an FCC
LICENCE or express consent of an FCC Licensee to operate this device.
You MUST register Class B signal boosters (as defined in 47 CFR 90.219) online at
www.fcc.gov/signal-boosters/registration.
Unauthorized use may result in significant forfeiture penalties, including penalties in
excess of $100,000 for each continuing violation.
The installation procedure must result in the signal booster complying with FCC
requirements 90.219(d). In order to meet FCC requirements 90.219 (d), it may be
necessary for the installer to reduce the UL and/or DL output power for certain
installations.
FCC Part 15
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and
2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may
cause undesired operation.
If not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, this equipment generates, uses
and can radiate radio frequency energy. However, there is no guarantee that interference
will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to
RF reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:



Reorient or relocate the Donor antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
Unauthorized Changes to Equipment
Changes or Modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer responsible for
compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment
FCC RF Exposure Limits
This unit complies with FCC RF exposure limits for an uncontrolled environment. This
equipment can only be installed in in-building applications, driving passive or active DAS
systems. All antennas must be operated at a minimum distance of 47 cm between the
radiator and any person’s body.
© Axell Wireless Ltd
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
IV
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
Antenna Installation
Installation of an antenna must comply with the FCC RF exposure requirements. The
antenna used for this transmitter must be mounted on permanent structures.
The FCC regulation mandate that the ERP of type A signal boosters should not exceed 5 W,
this is equivalent to 8.2W EIRP.
Therefore the max antenna gain allowed for this type of signal booster should be limited to
the values given by equation (1) for the service antenna and equation (2) for the donor
antenna
Equation (1) - Max SERVICE antenna gain
Max SERVICE antenna gain (dBi) = 39.1 – (37dBm - # of antennas in dB – cable losses in dB).
For example:
No. of Antennas
Cable Losses
39.1 - (37-6-3) =11.1dBi
Max Allowed Antenna Gain
39.1- (37-0-3) = 5.1dbi
10
39.1- (37-10-3) = 15.1dbi
Equation (2) - Max DONOR antenna gain
Max DONOR antenna gain (dBi) = 39.1 – (27dBm - cable losses in dB).
For example:
No. of Antennas
Cable Losses
Max Allowed Antenna Gain
39.1 - (27-2) = 14.1dBi
Compliance with FCC deployment rule regarding the radiation
of noise
Good engineering practice must be used in regard to the signal booster’s noise radiation.
Thus, the gain of the signal booster should be set so that the ERP of the output noise from
the signal booster should not exceed the level of -43 dBm in 10 kHz measurement
bandwidth.
In the event that the noise level measured exceeds the aforementioned value, the signal
booster gain should be decreased accordingly.
In general, the ERP of noise on a spectrum more than 1 MHz outside of the pass band
should not exceed -70 dBm in a 10 kHz measurement bandwidth.
The CSR3x04 series of signal boosters have a noise level of -55 dBm in 10 kHz
measurement at 1 MHz spectrum outside the passband of the signal booster and an in-band
noise level at around -50 dBm in a 10 kHz bandwidth. Therefore, the noise at the antenna
input port should be calculated based on equation (3).
Equation (3) - Input Noise to service antenna
Input Noise to service antenna:
-55 dBm + Service Antenna gain – Antenna splitter losses in dB – cable loss in dB
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
Example:
Signal booster connected to 10 service antennas with a 100m long ½ inch cable.
Losses of such a cable with the connectors = ~ 11dB
Gain = ~ 2 dBi
Assuming 10 service antennas: antenna splitter losses = 11 dB
Based on equation (3) Input antenna noise (to the antenna) = -55+2-11 -11=-75 dBm
The inband input noise to the antenna should be -50+2 -11-11= -70dbm
NOTE: In this example there is no need to add an external band pass filter to attenuate the out of
band noise.
Conclusion:
Good engineering practice requires that in general when the out of band noise measured at
the service antenna input is more than -70 dBm per 10 kHz measurement bandwidth, an
external band pass filter should be added to attenuate the out of band noise level.
All Axell Wireless repeaters include high selectivity duplexers and filters to attenuate the out
of band noise. Should additional filtering be required, we have a comprehensive range of
interference filters which can be supplied upon request.
Compliance with IC
Under Industry Canada regulations, this radio transmitter may only operate using an antenna of a type
and maximum (or lesser) gain approved for the transmitter by Industry Canada. To reduce potential
radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent
isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that necessary for successful communication.
Conformément à la réglementation d'Industrie Canada, le présent émetteur radio peut fonctionner
avec une antenne d'un type et d'un gain maximal (ou inférieur) approuvé pour l'émetteur par
Industrie Canada. Dans le but de réduire les risques de brouillage radioélectrique à l'intention des
autres utilisateurs, il faut choisir le type d'antenne et son gain de sorte que la puissance isotrope
rayonnée équivalente (p.i.r.e.) ne dépasse pas l'intensité nécessaire à l'établissement d'une
communication satisfaisante.
The Manufacturer's rated output power of this equipment is for single carrier operation. For
situations when multiple carrier signals are present, the rating would have to be reduced by
3.5 dB, especially where the output signal is re-radiated and can cause interference to
adjacent band users. This power reduction is to be by means of input power or gain reduction
and not by an attenuator at the output of the device.
This equipment complies with IC RSS-102 radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled
environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance of 47cm
between the antenna and your body,
La puissance de sortie nominale indiquée par le fabricant pour cet appareil concerne son
fonctionnement avec porteuse unique. Pour des appareils avec porteuses multiples, on doit réduire la
valeur nominale de 3.5dB, surtout si le signal de sortie est retransmis et qu'il peut causer du
brouillage aux utilisateurs de bandes adjacentes. Une telle réduction doit porter sur la puissance
d'entrée ou sur le gain, et ne doit pas se faire au moyen d'un atténuateur raccordé à la sortie du
dispositif.
Cet appareil est conforme aux limitations de la norme IC RSS-102 concernant l’exposition aux
radiations dans un environnement non contrôlé. Cet appareil doit être installé et utilisé avec une
distance minimale de 47cm entre l’antenne et le corps de l’utilisateur.
© Axell Wireless Ltd
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
VI
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
General Safety Warnings Concerning Use of This System
Always observe standard safety precautions during installation, operation and maintenance
of this product. Only a qualified and authorized personnel should carry out adjustment,
maintenance or repairs to the components of this equipment.
NOTE: Please refer to Axell Wireless for additional information and for requests for
notifications to authorities.
Caution labels!
Danger: Electrical Shock
Caution: RF Exposure
Warning: Antenna
Installation
VII
Throughout this manual, there are "Caution" warnings. "Caution" calls
attention to a procedure or practice, which, if ignored, may result in injury
or damage to the system, system component or even the user. Do not
perform any procedure preceded by a "Caution" until the described
conditions are fully understood and met.
This equipment can either be installed indoors or outdoors. When
installed outdoors - wet conditions increase the potential for receiving an
electric shock when installing or using electrically powered equipment. To
prevent electrical shock when installing or modifying the system power
wiring, disconnect the wiring at the power source before working with un
insulated wires or terminals.
RF radiation, (especially at UHF frequencies) arising from transmitter
outputs connected to AWL’s equipment, must be considered a safety
hazard.
This condition might only occur in the event of cable disconnection, or
because a ‘spare’ output has been left un-terminated. Either of these
conditions would impair the system’s efficiency. No investigation should
be carried out until all RF power sources have been removed. This would
always be a wise precaution, despite the severe mismatch between the
impedance of an N type connector at 50Ω, and that of free space at
377Ω, which would severely compromise the efficient radiation of RF
power. Radio frequency burns could also be a hazard, if any RF power
carrying components were to be carelessly touched!
Where the equipment is used near power lines or in association with
temporary masts not having lightning protection, the use of a safety earth
connected to the case-earthing bolt is strongly advised.
For FCC compliance, the Maximum Channel output must be <5W ERP.
Antenna positions should be chosen to comply with requirements (both
local & statutory) regarding exposure of personnel to RF radiation. When
connected to an antenna, the unit is capable of producing RF field
strengths, which may exceed guideline safe values especially if used with
antennas having appreciable gain. In this regard the use of directional
antennas with backscreens and a strict site rule that personnel must
remain behind the screen while the RF power is on, is strongly
recommended.
Installation of an antenna must comply with the FCC RF exposure
requirements.
The antenna used for this transmitter must be mounted on outdoor or
indoor permanent structures. The maximum antenna gain for indoor
operation is 2.2 dBi. In indoor applications the antenna must be installed
at a minimum separation distance of 47 cm from all nearby persons.
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
Caution: Safety to
personnel.
Caution: Safety to
equipment
Before installing or replacing any of the equipment, the entire manual
should be read and understood.
The user needs to supply the appropriate AC or DC power to the
repeater. Incorrect power settings can damage the repeater and may
cause injury to the user.
Please be aware that the equipment may, during certain conditions
become very warm and can cause minor injuries if handled without
any protection, such as gloves
When installing, replacing or using this product, observe all safety
precautions during handling and operation. Failure to comply with the
following general safety precautions and with specific precautions
described elsewhere in this manual violates the safety standards of
the design, manufacture, and intended use of this product.
Axell Wireless assumes no liability for the customer's failure to
comply with these precautions. This entire manual should be read
and understood before operating or maintaining the repeater.
Access to the Axell unit installation location is restricted to SERVICE
PERSONNEL and to USERS who have been instructed on the
restrictions and the required precautions to be taken.
Warning: Restricted
Access Location
Attention: Electrostatic
Sensitivity
Observe electrostatic precautionary procedures.
ESD = Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive Device.
Semiconductor transmitters and receivers provide highly reliable
performance when operated in conformity with their intended design.
However, a semiconductor may be damaged by an electrostatic
discharge inadvertently imposed by careless handling.
Static electricity can be conducted to the semiconductor chip from the
centre pin of the RF input connector, and through the AC connector
pins. When unpacking and otherwise handling the repeater, follow
ESD precautionary procedures including use of grounded wrist
straps, grounded workbench surfaces, and grounded floor mats.
Risk of explosion if battery is replaced with incorrect type. Dispose of
used batteries according to instructions.
Caution: Battery
Replacement
© Axell Wireless Ltd
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
VIII
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
Table of Contents
Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Features and Capabilities .................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Rechargeable Battery Pack ................................................................................................. 2
1.3 CSR 3604-3304 Interfaces ................................................................................................... 3
1.3.1 CSR 3604-3304 – Wall Mount Casing ...................................................................... 3
Antenna Specifications and Installation Criteria ...................................................... 7
2.1 Base (Donor) Antenna ......................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Required Antenna Information .................................................................................. 7
2.1.2 Donor Antenna specification ..................................................................................... 7
2.1.3 Installation Criteria ..................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Service Antenna Requirements .......................................................................................... 8
2.2.1 Required Antenna Information .................................................................................. 8
2.2.2 Indoor Installations .................................................................................................... 8
2.3 RF Cabling Requirements ................................................................................................. 10
Pre-Installation Requirements ..................................................................................11
3.1 Safety Guidelines ............................................................................................................... 11
3.2 Required BTS Information ................................................................................................. 11
3.3 Selecting a Location .......................................................................................................... 11
3.3.1 Relative Location of Base Station ........................................................................... 11
3.3.2 Cooling and Airflow ................................................................................................. 11
3.3.3 Wall Compatibility .................................................................................................... 12
3.3.4 Access to the Repeater ........................................................................................... 12
Physical Installation ..................................................................................................13
4.1 Overview of the Installation Procedure ........................................................................... 13
4.2 Required Tools and Materials ........................................................................................... 14
4.3 Unpacking ........................................................................................................................... 14
4.4 Bracket Assembly .............................................................................................................. 15
4.5 Wallmount Procedure ........................................................................................................ 15
4.5.1 Requirements .......................................................................................................... 15
4.5.2 Planning the Repeater Location and Drilling ........................................................... 16
4.5.3 Hanging the Repeater on the Wall .......................................................................... 17
4.6 Grounding ........................................................................................................................... 17
4.7 EMV Protection ................................................................................................................... 18
4.8 Insert SIM Card ................................................................................................................... 19
4.9 Antenna (RF) Connections ................................................................................................ 20
4.9.1 Verifying the Link between the BTS and the Repeater ........................................... 20
4.9.2 RF Antenna Connections ........................................................................................ 20
4.10 External Alarm and Relay (Internal Alarm) Connections ............................................... 21
4.11 Power Connections ............................................................................................................ 22
4.11.1 Circuit Breaker Connections .................................................................................... 22
4.11.2 Switching Power ON ............................................................................................... 22
Login and GUI Navigation .........................................................................................24
5.1 Opening a Local Web Session to the Repeater .............................................................. 24
5.1.1 Connect the Repeater to the Computer .................................................................. 24
5.1.2 Configure the Computer Network Parameters ........................................................ 25
5.2 Web Session Login to the Repeater ................................................................................. 27
5.3 Navigating the Web GUI Application ................................................................................ 28
© Axell Wireless Ltd
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
IX
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
5.3.1
Title Bar Menu Options ............................................................................................ 29
Setup .......................................................................................................................... 30
6.1 Overview of the Setup Procedures ................................................................................... 30
6.2 Assigning Repeater a Recognizable Name ..................................................................... 30
6.3 CSR Channel Configuration .............................................................................................. 31
6.4 Setting Date and Time........................................................................................................ 33
6.5 Additional Configuration Options .................................................................................... 33
6.5.1 Configuring External Alarms .................................................................................... 33
6.5.2 IP Address ............................................................................................................... 34
6.5.3 SNMP Support ......................................................................................................... 35
6.5.4 TCP/IP and Ethernet ............................................................................................... 36
6.5.5 Modem Setup .......................................................................................................... 37
6.6 Integration into the AEM .................................................................................................... 39
Administration and Monitoring ................................................................................ 40
7.1 User Accounts .................................................................................................................... 40
7.1.1 Default User Accounts ............................................................................................. 40
7.1.2 User Access Levels ................................................................................................. 40
7.1.3 Password Change ................................................................................................... 41
7.2 Reboot ................................................................................................................................. 41
7.3 Axell Shell ........................................................................................................................... 42
Monitoring and Troubleshooting ............................................................................. 43
8.1 Monitoring ........................................................................................................................... 43
8.1.1 Logs Screen ............................................................................................................ 43
8.1.2 Alarm Classification and Thresholds ....................................................................... 44
8.1.3 Home Screen Monitoring ......................................................................................... 46
8.1.4 Site Information and System Performance ............................................................. 47
8.2 Module LEDs ....................................................................................................................... 48
8.2.1 Control Module LEDs .............................................................................................. 48
8.2.2 Power Supply LEDs................................................................................................. 48
8.3 Troubleshooting Remote Communication ...................................................................... 50
8.3.1 Direct Modem Access.............................................................................................. 50
8.3.2 Trace Modem .......................................................................................................... 51
8.3.3 Manually Answering Incoming Calls ........................................................................ 52
8.3.4 Common Problems .................................................................................................. 53
Maintenance .............................................................................................................. 55
9.1 General ................................................................................................................................ 55
9.2 Preventative Maintenance ................................................................................................. 55
9.3 Component Replacement .................................................................................................. 55
9.4 Product Disposal ................................................................................................................ 55
9.5 Replacing Backup Battery ................................................................................................. 55
9.6 Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................. 56
9.7 Component Replacement .................................................................................................. 56
9.8 Product Disposal ................................................................................................................ 56
Appendix A - Specifications ............................................................................................ 57
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
1 Introduction
The Axell CSR 3604-3304 (Channel Selective Repeater) is a repeater operating in the UHF
bands of 450MHz to 510MHz. Channel selective repeaters are mainly used for in-building
coverage, as well as coverage of dead zones, shadows, or other uncovered patches within
the current coverage area. The gap-filler repeaters can be used as a complement to the
network of base stations. They acquire their signal over-the-air from the Base Station and
transmit over the designated coverage area via service antennas.
A range of CSR repeater models are available for various site coverage requirements. This
manual describes the installation procedure for the US market.
Figure 1-1. CSR 3604-3304 Repeater Model
© Axell Wireless Ltd
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
1.1 Features and Capabilities













1.2
Standard frequency ranges available UL/DL: 450 - 510MHz
 450-470 with 5MHz duplex
 470-512 with 3MHz duplex
Supports up to 8 channels
Output Power per carrier DL/UL:
450-470MHz
470-510MHz
 2 carriers:
33/33dBm
30/24dBm
 4 carriers:
30/30dBm
27/21dBm
 8 carriers:
27/27dBm
24/18dBm
Gain (in 1 dB steps): 55 to 85 dB
Large repeater coverage footprint due to high output power and gain
Very low propagation delay leading to higher security, resilience and availability of
information
Easy system implementation with build-in commissioning tools
Time-slot based ALC
Supervision available over Radio modems
Remotely upgradeable for future challenges
Ethernet and Wireless modem connection for remote management
Backup battery for ‘last gasp’ modem indication (sending fault error before power
failure)
Can connect to either 110VAC or -48V power (model dependent)
Rechargeable Battery Pack
In the event of a power disruption this battery will supply the modem and the Control Module
with power for enough time so the repeater can send out an alarm.
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
1.3 CSR 3604-3304 Interfaces
1.3.1 CSR 3604-3304 – Wall Mount Casing
1.3.1.1 Front Cover
The repeater is locked with a key.
Figure 1-2. CSR 3604-3304 Enclosure
IMPORTANT: The two locks must be securely closed. Failure to do so may affect the IP65
compliancy and therefore any warranty.
© Axell Wireless Ltd
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
1.3.1.2 External Interfaces
The repeater is secured with two locks located on the repeater door. The repeater interfaces
are located on both the left and right side panels as follows:
 Left panel – Base/Donor antenna port

Right panel – Mobile/Service antenna port as well as power, GND, and alarm
connections
NOTE: Depending on your installation, modem antenna and Ethernet ports may also be located on
either the left or right panel.
Figure 1-3. CSR Door Locks and Left Side Panel Interfaces
Figure 1-4. CSR right side panel interfaces
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
The following table provides a description of the interfaces shown above.
Port
Donor Antenna
Service/Mobile
antenna
Power
GND
Alarms
Description
Connection to antenna towards Base Station.
Connection – N type female connector.
Connection to mobile (service) antennas.
Connection - N type female connector.
One of the following (model dependent):
110VAC, 230 VAC or -48V DC
Power cable supplied.
Grounding lug (See section 4.6)
Two external alarms are supported (See section 4.10)
Alarm cable supplied.
Modem Antenna
Only on units that include a modem. The Modem antenna port is
located either on the left or right side panel.
Connection – N-type female connector.
Ethernet port
Available externally only on models supporting an Ethernet connection
to the network. For local setup, open the repeater and connect directly
to the Ethernet port on the Controller (section 1.2.1.3)
© Axell Wireless Ltd
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
1.3.1.3 Internal Interfaces
The following internal interfaces are relevant to the user operations:
 Ethernet port used for setup (and optionally, for remote management)

RS232 port used for local setup connection

SIM card slot (On Control module, for models supporting a modem)

Power and battery switches

Backup Battery
NOTE: The rechargeable battery pack is located internally and is accessed by opening the repeater.
1-5. CSR with door open
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
2 Antenna Specifications and Installation
Criteria
WARNING!!!
The installer is held accountable for implementing the rules
required for deployment.
Good engineering practice must be used to avoid interference.
Output power should be reduced to solve any IMD interference
issues.
This chapter provides information on the specifications of the donor and service antennas
suitable for operation with this repeater, and on the installation requirements of the
antennas.
NOTE: The Donor and Mobile antennas can be positioned and installed (without connection
to the Repeater) at any time either before or after mounting and grounding the Repeater.
2.1 Base (Donor) Antenna
The Base (Donor) antenna is usually installed outdoors and is either a directional antenna
such as a Yagi or a Panel antenna.
2.1.1 Required Antenna Information
You will require the following antenna information:

Antenna type and characteristics

Height

Length and type of coaxial cable required for connecting the Donor antenna to the
Repeater and the attenuation.
2.1.2 Donor Antenna specification


Very sharp beam pointed to the BTS.
Minimum cable and jumper loss = 2dB.
Equation (2) - Max DONOR antenna gain
Max DONOR antenna gain (dBi) = 39.1 – (27dBm - cable losses in dB).
For example:
No. of Antennas
Cable Losses
Max Allowed Antenna Gain
39.1 - (27-2) = 14.1dBi
Typical Antenna Types:
 4 element yagi 8.8dBi beam width 90o
 6 element yagi 10.3dBi beam width 64o
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AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
2.1.3 Installation Criteria
Installation requirements:

Select a location for the Donor antenna and verify that there is enough signal strength at
that location.

Install the Donor Antenna at the designated height.

The antenna should point to the direction of the base station for maximum input power.


Verify that the antenna is in the base stations line of sight (raise the antenna if needed).
Install the donor antenna at a higher level (i.e. floor) than the mobile antenna.
2.2 Service Antenna Requirements
a.
b.
c.
WARNING!!!
The installer is held accountable for implementing the rules required for deployment.
Good engineering practice must be used to avoid interference.
Output power should be reduced to solve any IMD interference issues”
The Service antenna type depends on the design of the indoors DAS.
2.2.1 Required Antenna Information
The following antenna requirements, specifications and site considerations should be met:
 Type of installation – indoor DAS/Radiating Cable
 Service area type and size

Antenna type and characteristics

Height

Length and type of coaxial cable required for connecting the antenna to the Repeater
and the attenuation.
2.2.2 Indoor Installations
2.2.2.1
Recommended Antennas
The following describes the requirements for an omni-directional mobile used for indoor
applications.
Specifications:

One or a combination of the following antennas can be used: Ceiling Mount Patch
antenna, Wall Mount Patch antenna, Corner Reflector.

Choose an antenna with high side lobe attenuation which enables maximum isolation
from the service/ mobile antenna.
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
Equation (1) - Max SERVICE antenna gain
Max SERVICE antenna gain (dBi) = 39.1 – (37dBm - # of antennas in dB – cable losses in dB).
For example:
No. of Antennas
Cable Losses
Max Allowed Antenna Gain
39.1 - (37-6-3) = 11.1dBi
39.1- (37-0-3) = 5.1dBi
10
39.1- (37-10-3) = 15.1dBi
Typical Antenna Types:
 Indoor Dome 2.1dBi beam width 360o
 Indoor Panel 4.2dBi beam width 106o
 Radiating Cable Typically < -50dBi
2.2.2.2
Recommended Splitters and Couplers
Axell Wireless can supply a comprehensive range of splitters and Couplers to aid the
installation of the internal DAS system. Typical specifications as below:
Splitter Part Numbers
90-851202
90-851203
Frequency Band
90-851204
300 - 500MHz
Split
2 way
3 way
4 way
Max Insertion Loss
0.3dB
0.5dB
0.4dB
3dB
4.8dB
6dB
Split Loss
Coupler Part Number
90-852306
90-852310
Frequency Band
Coupling
90-852320
300 - 500MHz
-6dB ±1.0dB
Max Mainline Loss
2.2.2.3
90-852315
-10dB ±1.0dB
1.7dB
-15dB ±1.0dB
0.8dB
-20dB ±1.0dB
0.4dB
0.22dB
Installation Criteria
Determine the antenna installation configuration,
requirements and the installation site conditions.
according
to
the
transmission
Installation requirements:

An indoor antenna should be installed at a convenient location. It should be free of
metallic obstruction.

Install the Service Antenna at the designated height and tune it roughly toward the
Service coverage area.
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
2.3 RF Cabling Requirements

For all coaxial connections to/from the Repeater - high performance, flexible, low loss
50Ω coaxial communications cable.

All cables shall be weather-resistant type.

Cable length - determined by the Repeater installation plan. When calculating the cable
length, take into account excess cable slack so as not to limit the insertion paths.

Make sure that cable and connector are compatible. Using cables and connectors from
the same manufacturer is helpful.

All connectors must be clean and dry

Waterproof all outdoor connections using silicone, vulcanizable tape or other suitable
substance as moisture and dust can impair RF characteristics.

Make sure enough room has been allocated for the bending radius of the cable. RF
cables must not be kinked, cut or damaged in any way

Connect the RF cable to the antenna tightly but without damaging threads

Fasten cables tight to cable ladder or aluminum sheet

For short length of feeder cables use ½ “, for longer feeder cables use 7/8”. Chose
thicker coax cables for lower attenuation. Minimize the length of the coax cables to
reduce the attenuation

Use jumper cable for easy installation. The RF Coaxial cable can be substituted at each
end with a jumper cable.
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3 Pre-Installation Requirements
3.1 Safety Guidelines
Before installing the Repeater, review the following safety information:
 Follow all local safety regulations when installing the Repeater.


Only qualified personnel are authorized to install and maintain the Repeater.
Ground the Repeater with the grounding bolt located on the underside of the Repeater.

Do not use the grounding bolt to connect external devices.

Follow Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) precautions.
3.2 Required BTS Information
Required BTS Information

BTS channels


BTS output power per channel
BTS antenna gain

BTS antenna height

Distance from Repeater site to BTS
3.3 Selecting a Location
Select a location that will take into account the following criteria:
 Relative location of Base Station
 Cooling and airflow

Wall compatibility

Access to the repeater for installation or maintenance
3.3.1 Relative Location of Base Station
The repeater site shall be located where the BTS signal strength is great enough to be
recognized by the system. For example, a CSR 3604-3304 (85dBm max gain) and signal
strength of -70dBm at the pickup antenna, a gain in the pickup antenna of 10dBi, a repeater
gain of 85dBm and a server antenna gain of 2dBi the resulting ERP would be 27dBm.
Losses in cables and other elements would change these figures slightly.
 Repeater location near enough to BTS for received signal to be of adequate strength

Ideally the repeater’s donor antenna should have line of sight (LOS) contact with the
BTS antenna. If the signal strength is high enough, LOS may in some cases not be
necessary.

Distance from antenna site - It is recommended that the installation location be as close
as possible to the antenna site in order to maintain the cable loss to a minimum.
3.3.2 Cooling and Airflow


Install the Repeater in a shielded, ventilated, and easy-to-reach area.
The Repeater is convection cooled so airflow and alternation should be possible.
 Verify that ambient temperature of the environment does not exceed 50C (122F)
Mount the repeater so that heat can be dispersed from it. The repeater wall mounting kit
ensures an optimum airflow between the wall and the repeater itself. Do not block this air
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
channel as it will cause the MTBF of the repeater to drop dramatically, or even in the worst
case cause the repeater to fail completely.
If possible use a wall in the shadow to minimize the overall sun loading. If sufficient
shielding cannot be obtained, an additional sun shield should be mounted.
Operating Temperature
3-1. Example of a sun shield outdoors
The CSR repeaters are designed primarily
for multi carrier purposes. If the repeater is
run at full output power over a long period of
time the convection cooling might not be
enough. The repeater has a power
management function implemented that will
step down the power and if needed fully shut
down the amplifier chains until temperature
has reached normal values. In situations
where a repeater will be run in such a
manner extra cooling can be provided for
instance by putting the repeater in a
temperature controlled environment or via
external fans.
3.3.3 Wall Compatibility

Check the suitability of the wall on which the Repeater is to be mounted.

The Repeater wall mount brackets assembly should be fixed to a solid wall (these
include brickwork, blockwork, and concrete.);
(Due to the weight of the Repeater, it is NOT recommended to fix to a hollow wall).

3.3.4 Access to the Repeater

Plan connection cable clearances - the Optical, RF and power connections located on
the underside of the Repeater will need at least 300mm vertical clearance below the
Repeater to enable the connections to be made. The minimum bend radius for Optical
and RF cables must not be less than the recommendations made by the cable
manufacturer. Plan the cable runs and ensure adequate space is available.

Allow for door opening - ensure that there is sufficient space at the front of the
Repeater to allow the door to be fully opened and for maintenance engineers to get
access to the unit with test equipment such as a spectrum analyser.

Allow space around the repeater - verify that there is a minimum of a 50 cm (20”)
radius of space around the Repeater, enabling easy access to the repeater for
maintenance and on-site inspection. Allow an additional 50 cm of space in front of the
Repeater when the door is fully open.

Monitoring repeater - install the Repeater close to the service area to monitor the
output power.
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
4 Physical Installation
4.1 Overview of the Installation Procedure
Note the following:

The Donor and Mobile antennas can be positioned and installed (without connection
to the Repeater) at any time either before or after mounting and grounding the
Repeater.

It is important to perform the installation procedure according to the order described
below..
System installation phases:
1. Determine an appropriate location for the system according to the requirements
described in section 3.3.
2. Unpack the Repeater kit (see 4.3).
3. Assemble the brackets and mount the CSR Repeater on the (concrete or brick) wall (see
4.4).
4. For models supporting a modem:
Insert the SIM card (requires opening repeater door).
Connect the modem antenna (external port)
5. Ground the Repeater (see 4.6)
6. If you have not already done so, position and install the Base and Mobile antennas in
the relevant locations (see chapter 2).
7. Before powering up the Repeater:
Verify isolation between the donor and mobile antennas.
Verify link between BTS and Base Repeater.
Connect the Donor and Service antennas to the Repeater.
8. Power-up the Repeater.
WARNING! Be sure to perform the power supply connection last,
otherwise damage may be caused to the system!
9. Optional - Connect the external alarms. This can be done at any time, before or after
powering up the Repeater.
10. Initial system setup. See Chapter 6
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4.2 Required Tools and Materials
A standard professional toolbox is required in order to mount the Repeater.
4.3 Unpacking
Upon receiving the CSR Repeater perform the following:
1. Examine the shipping container for damage before unpacking the unit.
2. Perform a visual inspection to reveal any physical damage to the equipment.
3. Verify that all of the equipment (listed below) is included. Otherwise contact Axell
Wireless Ltd. The CSR Repeater is shipped with the following equipment:
CSR single-band Repeater
External Alarms Cable
(P/N 90-400006)
CD with RMC and
documentations
Mounting Brackets x 4
Additional (supplied) installation
components:
Qty.
8 to 12
1x
2x
14
Description
M6 screws for securing the brackets
110V/220 AC Cable - for AC power model
48VDC Cable – for DC power model
Sets of keys
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
4.4 Bracket Assembly
The Repeater is supplied with four wall mounting brackets; when the Repeater is mounted
on these brackets adequate ventilation is provided between the Repeater and the wall to
which it is fixed.
Fix mounting brackets to Repeater with the supplied screws.
4-1. Bracket Assembly Examples
4.5 Wallmount Procedure
4.5.1 Requirements
The Repeater wall mount brackets assembly should be fixed to a solid wall (these include
brickwork, blockwork, and concrete.);
Due to the weight of the Repeater, it is NOT recommended to fix to a hollow wall.
Figure 4-2. M6 Rawlbolt – recommended for wallmount.
IMPORTANT!
Always check that there are no pipes or cables hidden in the wall beneath
the area to be drilled. Various pipe and cable detectors are available for
this type of inspection.
To provide secure fixing to a solid wall, the most common method is drilling and plugging.
The size of fixing is dependent on the item to be fixed and the nature of the wall, The
Repeater should be fixed with mild steel, M6 (50mm to 75mm) Rawl bolts or similar.
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4.5.2 Planning the Repeater Location and Drilling
1. Mark out on the chosen wall the fixing centres of the repeater and the location of the
brackets.
2. Mark and drill the wall with the correct size masonry bit as specified by the fixing
manufacturer.
WARNING: It is good practice to wear goggles to protect your eyes from
flying debris when using power tools.
3. Hold the drill bit against the mark and begin drilling slowly so that the bit does not
wander from the position. The wall should be drilled to a depth which is sufficient to
accommodate the full length of the fixing.
4. Insert the fixings so that the top of the sleeve/anchor section is level with the wall
surface.
5. Gently tighten the bolt by hand so that the anchor section of the fixing expands and grips
the inside of the hole.
Figure 4-3. Inserting Fixing and Tightening
6. As the bolt pulls its way in, the sides of the anchor section are forced outwards, gripping
the surrounding surface.
Figure 4-4 Anchor Sides Pushed Outwards
7. Once all four fixings are in place, carefully withdraw the four bolts.
Figure 4-5. Withdraw Bolts.
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
4.5.3 Hanging the Repeater on the Wall
1. Align repeater with the four fixings. Exercise great care as the repeater is very heavy (a
suitably rated heavy duty scissor lift table/trolley may be suitable for this operation).
2. Carefully insert the fixing bolts through the mounting lugs of the Repeater and into the
sleeve/anchor sections of the fixing in the wall and tighten the bolts.
Align Repeater
and Secure Bolts
Figure 4-6. Mount Repeater.
4.6 Grounding
1. GND the repeater grounding bolt.
2. Ensure that good grounding protection measures are taken
to create a reliable repeater site.
3. Make sure to use adequately dimensioned grounding
cables. The minimum recommended conductive area for a
grounding cable is 16mm2.
Figure 4-7. Grounding
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
4.7 EMV Protection
CAUTION! If insufficient Electromagnetic Protection is provided,
or if EMV measures are not taken, warranties issued by Axell Wireless
are not valid.
The lightning hazard to electric and electronic equipment consists in the interferences of
direct lightning current infections and high surge voltages induced by the electromagnetic
field of nearby lightning channels or down conductors. Amplitudes from cloud-to-earth
lightning amounts to several 10kA and may last longer than 2(ms). The damage caused
depends on the energy involved and on the sensitivity of the electronics systems.
Ensure that lightning protection measures are taken to create a reliable repeater site.
Protect all coaxial cables and power cables from the transients caused by lightning. Fit all
cables with suitable lightning protection devices.
For detailed information please refer to IEC 61024-1 and 61312-1 for international standards
for protection of information systems against LEMP, Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse,
including radio transmitters. They define proper planning, installation and inspection of
effective lightning protection systems.
The top of the
mast must be
higher than
the antennas
and be
properly
grounded
The
grounding
path must
have reliable
continuity
and be
correctly
dimensioned
Antennas
Primary Protective
Devices
Equipotential
Grounding Bars
Secondary
Protective Devices
Protective Device
230VVAC/DC
AC/48V DC
Figure 4-8. Example of EMV protection for a repeater system
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
About installing lightening protection devices:

Several lightning protection devices should be used in series with declining threshold
voltages to help attenuate the pulse component which makes it through the first layer of
protection.

The primary protective device is part of the site installation and is not supplied by Axell
Wireless. Coaxial lightning protection is normally one of these three types: Gas capsule,
High-pass and Bandpass.

There also need to be a protective device installed on the power supply cord.
Figure 4-9. Protective device installed in connection with the power supply
4.8 Insert SIM Card
For models supporting GPRS/GSM or PSTN/GSM modems, open the repeater door and
insert the SIM card in the slot as illustrated below.
NOTE: You will also need to configure the modem according to section 6.5.5.
4-10. Insert SIM card
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
4.9 Antenna (RF) Connections
4.9.1 Verifying the Link between the BTS and the Repeater
This test checks the signal strength from the BTS antenna to the Repeater.
Proceed as follows:
1. Using a Spectrum analyzer, measure the received signal from BTS at the Donor
antenna port near the Repeater.
2. Adjust the Donor antenna direction to receive the maximum signal strength.
3. Compare the received signal strength with the calculated signal strength from the design
phase.
In case of discrepancy, check for one of the following:
 Antenna out of direction

Antenna tuned to side lobe instead of main lobe

Antenna connector or antenna cable faulty

Line-of-sight problem (obstruction), etc.

Register the signal strength of the downlink channel for the system operation phase.
4.9.2 RF Antenna Connections
Refer to the following figure for the CSR RF antenna connections.
NOTE: For models supporting a GPRS modem, you may also connect the modem antennas
at this stage. If your repeater includes a modem, the modem antenna port may either be on
the left or right panel – depending on your enclosure.
Figure 4-11. Donor Antenna Connection
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
Figure 4-12. Mobile Antenna Connection
4.10 External Alarm and Relay (Internal Alarm)
Connections
The Alarm connector located on the side panel provides two external alarm connections.
Use the alarm cable provided with your unit. The alarms are activated and configured
according to section 0(6.5.1)
NOTE: The Alarms connections can be protected with a cover which is screwed in place.
Figure 4-13. Alarm and Relay Connections
PINS
Pins 3 and 4
Pins 5 and 6
DESCRIPTION
External alarm A
External alarm B
External Alarms details

Pins 3 and 4, 5 and 6

Two external alarm sources can be connected to the repeater.

Alarm operating voltage: between 12 and 24VDC.

Alarm operation criteria can be configured. (6.5.1)
 Active-low - when there is no voltage the alarm indicator will turn red

Active-high - an applied voltage of between 12 and 24 V will cause the external
alarm indicator to turn red.
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
4.11 Power Connections
Caution! Make sure the antenna cables or 50 ohm terminations
are connected to the repeater’s antenna connectors before the
repeater is turned on.
Caution! Be sure a CIRCUIT BREAKER meeting the instructions
given in this section is connected near the unit at an easily
reachable and accessible location from the unit.
4.11.1 Circuit Breaker Connections
To disconnect the unit (either manually or automatically in case of over-current), it is
required to install a circuit breaker on the wall near the unit, at an easily accessible distance
and location from the unit.
Circuit-breaker minimum requirements


20AT, 115VAC
Needs to be SAFETY approved
4.11.2 Switching Power ON
Note the following:

The power switch has two positions; “on” and “stand by”. In the stand by position the
repeater is still connected to the power supply but not operational.

The backup battery is operational for five years. Refer to section 9.3 for backup battery
replacement.

The CSR supports a backup battery for last gasp in case of power failure. To power on
the unit, it is required to switch-on both power and backup battery switches.
The image below shows the location of the various power elements.
Backup battery
pack
Battery (BATT) ON/OFF
switch
Power ON/Standby
switch
Figure 4-14. Power Elements Inside Repeater
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
To switch the repeater ON
1. Open repeater door to access switches.
2. Set to ON both Power and Battery switches (located inside the repeater).
3. Connect the supplied power cable between the Repeater Power connector and the
circuit breaker.
4. Turn the repeater on from the circuit breaker.
5. Verify the LEDs from the following internal modules are indicating correct operation
(section 8.1):

Control module.

Power supply modules
NOTE: To switch power OFF – set battery switch to OFF and power switch to Standby.
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PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
5 Login and GUI Navigation
This section describes how to open a session to the repeater, and provides a brief
description of the WEB GUI and describes the initial setup procedures.
5.1 Opening a Local Web Session to the Repeater
5.1.1 Connect the Repeater to the Computer
Connect computer to the Repeater Ethernet connection
Using the supplied Ethernet cable, connect either to the repeater EXTERNAL ETH port (if
an external ETH port is available on one of the side panels), or to the INTERNAL Ethernet
port (located internally at the side of the Controller).
The following figure shows an internal ETH connection – to the side of the controller.
Figure 5-1. Connection to an internal Ethernet port (if external port is not available)
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5.1.2 Configure the Computer Network Parameters
Configure the computer network parameters to communicate with the Repeater. Note that
the procedure may vary slightly depending on the operating system installed on your
computer. The following procedure is for MS Windows 7.
To configure the computer’s network parameters:
1. Click the Start menu and choose Control Panel.
2. In the Control Panel, click Network and Internet.
3. Click Network and Sharing Centre and then click Local Area Connection. The Local
Area Connections Status dialog appears with the General tab displayed by default.
4. Click the Properties button. The Networking tab appears.
5.
6.
In the Items list, double-click the “Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP*IPv4)” item.
The Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties dialog appears.
Note: The Repeater is supplied with the default IP address 192.168.1.253.
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7. Assign your computer an IP address in the same subnet, in order to communicate with
the unit.
In the IP address area:
Enter the IP address 192.168.1.x, where ‘x’ can be any number between 2 and
250 inclusive. For example, (192.168.1.9)
Define the subnet mask as shown (255.255.255.0)
8. Click OK. The computer communication parameters are now defined and a session to
the Repeater can be opened.
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5.2 Web Session Login to the Repeater
NOTE: The Repeater is factory assigned the address 192.168.1.253. Initial login is
performed using this address; however it is recommended to make the necessary
modifications according to information provided by your network administrator.
To login to the Repeater via a web session
1. Open a standard Flash-enabled browser (e.g. Internet Explorer or Firefox).
2. In the address line, enter the IP address of the Repeater. http://192.168.1.253. A session
will be established with the Repeater and the login dialog appears.
3. Enter the default login values as follows:
Login Name: axell (case sensitive)
Password AxellPasswd (case sensitive).
Notes:
Do not use the number pad when entering numbers.
For security, it is highly recommended to change the password (section 7).
4. Click Login. The application main window appears. The repeater mode appears in the
top left side of the Menu bar:
CSR xx02 = Channel operation mode
Repeater Mode
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5.3 Navigating the Web GUI Application
NOTE: It is assumed you have already logged in to the Repeater according to section 5.2.
The Web GUI window provides access to the configuration and management options of the
CSR units.
The following figure shows an example of the Basic View. The Advanced view provides
more options.
Title bar - hover for options
View options
General identification
information and External
alarms status
(only Alarm 1, 2 are relevant)
UL and DL
output power
UL/DL Channel
configuration options
Status indicators – mostly
hardware status
The window consists of the following main areas:
 Title bar – provides access to a range of configuration options by hovering over the bar.
See section 5.3.1 for details.
 View Buttons – Basic (displayed by default) and Advanced display options.

General information – show user defined repeater name, general identification
information and status of external alarms.

Radio (FCC) – shows current UL and DL power level

Channels – provides UL and DL channel configuration options and RF output power per
channel
Miscellaneous – status of various parameters, mainly power related

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5.3.1 Title Bar Menu Options
NOTE: These options are available by hovering over the Title bar of the main window.
The Menu Bar allows access to all configuration and commissioning options:
Item
Home
Description
This is the default welcome screen. It displays general status
information and provides the RF UL and DL channel configuration
options. (Section 0).
SNMP
SNMP agent configuration options. (Section 6.5.3.2)
Nodes
Not Applicable
External Alarms
Configure, activate and assign names to two external alarms.
(Section 6.5.1)
Logs
List of alarms and operations. Alarms are raised according to user
defined Thresholds in Alarm Threshold. (Section 8.1.1)
Alarm Thresholds
Define thresholds for all system alarms (alarms are displayed in
Logs).
(Section 8.1.2)
Date and Time
Configure the time stamp for dating CSR events. (Section 6.4)
System Information
Display CSR hardware and software identification information and
system performance parameters (CPU load average, memory
usage and network response time (ms)). (Section 8.1.4
Password
Change login password. (Section 7)
NOTE: It is highly recommended to change the login password.
Reboot
Soft restarts the CSR. (Section 7.2)
Ethernet
Define the IP Address and network parameters for direct remote
access via Ethernet. (Section 6.5.2)
Axell Shell
Command line used to communicate with the remote units. List of
commands can be found in the Common Commands and
Attributes document. (Section 7.3)
Communication
Configure modem parameters (if the unit supports a modem) and
view AEM Server IP (provided by AEM). (Section 6.5.5)
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6 Setup
This section describes the available setup procedures: required and optional according to
your system installation.
6.1 Overview of the Setup Procedures
The following setup procedures are required to operate the repeater:
 Assigning the repeater a recognizable name – for easy identification of the source of
events

Defining channels

Setting the clock and time – used to timestamp events

Additional setup procedures – according to your system installation and requirements:

Configuring external alarms

IP address – for connection to the Ethernet network

SNMP support

TCP/IP

Modem setup
6.2 Assigning Repeater a Recognizable Name
The CSR is automatically assigned an ID by the AEM. In addition, it is recommended to
assign each repeater a recognizable name that will identify the location, site name, etc.
To assign the Tag
NOTE: The repeater tag can be locked in order to prevent being accidentally modified from the AEM
side (unlock by clicking on the
button).
1. In the Home screen, under the General section next to Tag, click the Edit
option.
TAG
2. Assign the Repeater a name (up to 30 characters) that indicates the location of the
Repeater.
3. Click OK.
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6.3 CSR Channel Configuration
The initial setup procedure consists of defining the required VHF channels. Up to eight
channels can be defined, where each channel is defined according to the following
parameters:
 UL center frequency and DL center frequency

Type of channel according to usage (High Selectivity or Low Delay)

Attenuation

Power level
To configure channel RF parameters
1. Access the Home screen (displayed by default).
A partial image showing only the channel definitions area is illustrated below.
Uplink channel
definitions
Downlink channel
definitions
2. Define the Downlink and the Uplink parameters for each required channel:
 Set the Centre frequency.

Set the type of Filter to Low Delay or High Selectivity according to site requirements.

Set the Power Level according to the following options:

Max – maximum power available according to the number of active channels.

Max-1 to Max-9 – from 1 to 9 dBm less than the maximum power according to
the number of active channels.
OFF – no power is transmitted on corresponding UL or DL channel.

NOTE: Be sure to disable inactive channels by setting the Power Level to OFF.
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Set the Attenuation as follows:
Under the selected Chain (channel), in the Downlink section, set DL Attenuation
to the maximum value. The values shown in the figure below are for example
only.
Set to maximum
value
Lower the Attenuation level step by step until the desired output power level is
reached (zero attenuation = maximum gain).
NOTE: Since the base station is more sensitive than a mobile unit there may be less signal
gain from the mobile unit in to the base station (UL) than in the opposite direction. The
uplink attenuation can be adjusted more accurately later on, once test signal measurements
have been completed.
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6.4 Setting Date and Time
Be sure to set the correct date and time in order to accurately timestamp all events
occurring on the CSR.
To set the Date & Time
1. From any screen, hover on the Title area and click on Date and Time.
2. Do one of the following:
Either, enter the correct date and time according to the displayed formats.
Or, click on Local Time to set the time according to the PC running the Web-GUI.
3. Click Apply.
6.5 Additional Configuration Options
Depending on your installation and supported repeater options, you may also want to:
 Configure the external alarms – if external alarms are connected

IP address – for repeaters that will be connected to the Ethernet network after the initial
setup procedure


SNMP support – requires configuring the agent and trap destination address
TCP/IP support

Modem setup – for units supporting a GPRS/GSM modem
NOTE: For units managed via the AEM, no configuration procedures are required on the repeater
side; the repeater access information is configured into the AEM.
6.5.1 Configuring External Alarms
The unit supports up to two external alarms. Connected external alarms must be configured
according to the trigger (high or low) and it is recommended to assign the alarms
recognizable names (such as Door Open, High Temperature, etc.)
To configure the external alarms
1. Hover on the Title area and click on External Alarms.
2. Set the alarm Trigger:
High – voltage triggers alarm
Low – no voltage triggers alarm
3. Assign a description to each relevant alarm in the Description area.
4. Click Apply to save the changes.
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6.5.2 IP Address
This procedure describes how to set up the IP address either manually or configure for
acquisition via DHCP.
To configure the IP address
1. Hover on the Title area and click on Ethernet.
2. For manual IP address configuration:
Verify that the option Automatically obtain IP address is disabled.
Set the IP, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway and DNS addresses.
Click Apply.
3. For DHCP IP address configuration:
Select Automatically Obtain IP Address (DHCP).
No other settings are required.
Click Apply.
The Manual configuration settings are illustrated below.
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6.5.3 SNMP Support
The CSR includes SNMP support, including an SNMP Agent and SNMP traps (alarms). All
SNMP queries and traps are supported either via the OMU II or a direct connection to the
unit.
6.5.3.1 SNMP Traps Parameters
The MBF-40 sends SNMP traps to user defined destination addresses.
NOTE: One destination address can currently be defined via the Web.
Seven more destination addresses can be defined via the Axell Shell.
To configure the SNMP traps destination address
1. Click on the Configure button (top right corner).
2. Select Remote Communication.
3. In the Device:Method field, select ETH:SNMP
4. Define the SNMP trap destination IP address (additional addresses can be defined via
the Axell Shell.).
5. Enter the (destination address device) Trap Port and its Community parameters.
6. Click Apply.
6.5.3.2 SNMP Agent - Activating and Configuring
The SNMP agent provides inventory management for hosted repeaters (on which the SNMP
agent is enabled) and a table of active alarms in the controller or Fiber system for remote
querying.
The SNMP Agent is responsible for responding to queries and carries out requests. The
SNMP Agent also provides the proprietary Axell MIB (AXELL-AM-MIB), accessible via any
SNMP manager (e.g. HP OpenView).
All SNMP queries to the remote are implemented via an OMU session.
To allow SNMP agent queries

To allow SNMP queries of the OMU II – the SNMP agent must be enabled on the OMU
II.

To allow SNMP queries of the remote devices via OMU II – the SNMP agent must be
enabled on the OMU II and on the remote device (repeater).
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
Remote units(repeaters) configured with an IP address and connected to the
communication infrastructure, can be queried directly.
To activate the CSR SNMP Agent
1. In the Hover menu (hover over the header), select SNMP. The following pane appears:
2.
3.
4.
Set the SNMP Agent toggle to ON.
Set the port and the Read-Only community.
Click Apply.
6.5.4 TCP/IP and Ethernet
TCP/IP communication is run over a company’s network. Therefore, each company needs
to define the details regarding the configuration, IP addresses, etc.
TCP/IP Communication Setup
1. Hover on the Home page Title bar and choose Communication from the displayed
icons.
2. From Device:Method select ETH:TCP (Ethernet:TCP/IP).
3. Click Apply.
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6.5.5 Modem Setup
NOTE: This section is relevant only if a modem is installed in the CSR repeater. If so, the SIM card
should already have been installed according to section 4.8.
The CSR can communicate over two types of modem: Packet Switched (GPRS, GSM etc.)
or Circuit Switched (PSTN/GSM). The available options depend on the modem type
installed in your unit.
Modem Setup Overview
1. The Hover on the Home page Title bar and choose Modem from the displayed icons.
The following dialog appears.
2. Verify that Remote Communication is ON.
3. Select the Device:Method – communication method. Only the options relevant to your
installed modem will be displayed. (STD:DTC = Standard AT:Data Call, ETH:TCP =
Ethernet:TCP connection)
4. Configure your communication method according to the relevant following section.
6.5.5.1 Packet Switched Modem Configuration (GSM/GPRS)
NOTE: In case the network connection is not performed properly (using GPRS), it is
necessary to telnet, SSH or serial into the controller and enter TRACE MODEM to see why
modem is not initialized (wrong / missing PIN, wrong APN etc).

From the Remote communication menu, select ***: GPRS.

In the GRPS area, enter the following:


Access Point Name – customer’s Access Point name.
Click Apply.
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6.5.5.2 Circuit Switched Modem (PSTN/GSM)
Using a circuit switched modem requires a landline connection be present at the site (for
PSTN) or a SIM card supporting this feature (for wireless GSM).
Communication Setup
1. From Device:Method select STD:DTC (Stadnard AT:DataCall).
2. In the modem initialization string type: AT+CBST=7,0,1.
3. Click Apply.
Verify Circuit Switched Modem Functionality
1. Use the ACT RCD command via the Axell Shell or via Terminal to launch a modem
restart (if logged in, restart will be performed on the first logout).
2. Dial the modem number (if PSTN) or the data number (if SIM card).
3. Verify modem LEDs are lit correctly (see section 8.1).
4. Use any ACT command using a Terminal to test connectivity and responsiveness.
6.5.5.3 SIM-card Using Single Numbering Scheme
If using SNS (Single Numbering Scheme), calls to the modem within the network are
automatically classified as DATA. However, if calling from outside the network, you must
first verify how its interfaces handle the VOICE vs. DATA bearing.
This cannot be solved at remote level. The external network administrator must provide the
above information.
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6.6 Integration into the AEM
When the repeater has been installed at site and the remote communication has been
enabled, the repeater can be integrated to the Axell Element Manager. This is done by the
operator of the AEM. After entering the telephone number to the repeater, the AEM dials up
the repeater, downloads all the repeater parameters and statuses into a database. When all
parameters have been downloaded, the AEM configures the repeater with the telephone
number where alarms and reports should be sent, and optionally with a secondary
telephone number where the repeater can dial in case connection to primary number fails.
When heartbeat reports and alarms are sent from the repeater to the AEM also the latest
information about the status and RF-configuration is included. This means that the AEM
operator always has information about the current status in the AEM database (and do not
need to call the repeater to find this out).
NOTE: Once the repeater is integrated to the AEM, all changes to the repeater should
preferably be done from the Axell Element Manager in order to ensure that the database
always contains correct information.
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7 Administration and Monitoring
7.1
User Accounts
The CSR comes pre-configured with default usernames and passwords in the various
administration levels.
The password for the Axell user name can be modified via the Web GUI. Passwords for
other user names can be modified via the Command Line Interface (CLI) or Axell Shell. See
the Common Commands and Attributes document for detailed commands and syntax or
click on the Help button at the top right of the Web-GUI screen.
7.1.1 Default User Accounts
User
Name
Default
Password
Details
Axell
AxellPasswd
Default user name. Can be modified via the WEB
GUI.
omcuname iwnkhoob
Axell Element Manager (AEM) user account. This
account will not generate VLI, LGO or CLR alarms.
sysadmin
AxellAdmin4050
This is the system administration password which is
used for firmware upgrades and user administration.
Escalation to this level is achieved by issuing command
SYSADMIN from the user prompt.
useradmin
UseradminPwd23
This account contains user administration privileges.
Escalation to this level is achieved by issuing command
USERADMIN from the user prompt.
NOTE: It is strongly recommended to change the default user names and passwords
immediately at commissioning. This is done by using the command ACT PASSWORD.
Please refer to the User Administration section in Common Commands and Attributes
document for detailed syntax.
7.1.2 User Access Levels
In this generation of the system, standard users can be promoted to login via the Web
Interface, inheriting the Read-Write or Read-Only access to this interface.
There are five different access levels:
Access Level
Default User Levels
Read-Only
axell, omcuname, useradmin, sysadmin
Read-Write
axell, omcuname, useradmin, sysadmin
Web
Axell
User Administrator
omcuname, useradmin, sysadmin
System Administrator
omcuname, sysadmin
Note: New users added to the system have read-only access.
Users may be promoted to read-write and/or web access using the ACT USERPROMOTE
command. See Common Commands and Attributes document for details on promoting
users.
NOTE: Users omcuname, sysadmin and useradmin cannot be promoted to Web Access
due to security reasons.
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7.1.3 Password Change
To prevent unauthorized access, it is highly recommended to change the default password
of the user.
NOTE: Password should be at least 5 characters long and only contain printable characters. You can
only change the password for the User Name with which the session was accessed.
To change the Password
1. Hover on the Home screen Title bar and select Password.
2. For the current User Name (e.g. axell):
Enter the New password.
Repeat the entry.
3. Click Apply.
7.2 Reboot
Caution! Use this function in Emergency Cases ONLY!
To reboot the Repeater
1. Hover on the Home screen Title bar and select Reboot.
2. Click on the Reboot icon.
3. Approve the Reboot sequence.
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7.3 Axell Shell
This option provides Axell Command Line Interface capabilities.
The Axell Shell button invokes the CLI pane. It is used to run some of the commands that
are currently not provided by the Web GUI (e.g. user privileges and administration) and/or
for advanced troubleshooting and configurations procedures.
All configuration and management procedures can be implemented using this interface.
Please refer to the Help section (by clicking the Help on the top right) for detailed syntax
and available commands.
To access the Axell Shell:
Hover on the Home screen Title bar and select Axell Shell.
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8 Monitoring and Troubleshooting
8.1 Monitoring
The CSR Repeater provides the following monitoring and fault sourcing tools:
 Logs screen – shows alarms and information messages according to user definitions in
the Thresholds screen

Alarm Classification and Threshold – screen allowing user configuration of the alarm
generation criteria

Main screen – displays a summary of all configured channels, module status and
general information

Site information and system performance – site details, system SW and HW versions
and system performance indicators.
8.1.1 Logs Screen
The Alarms Log displays the last 100 alarms and/or user actions on the remote system in a
chronological order. The alarms are generated according to user defined thresholds (see
the following section).
To display the Logs screen
Hover on the Title bar and click Logs. The Logs screen appears showing the latest
generated alarms and information on user actions.
You can perform the following operations:
 View more information on the log - Hover on the log


Acknowledge a log - click on a log flag. The log flag will be green and the log details
displayed.
Acknowledge all logs – click Ack All operation button.

View all the logs – click on More…
Operation buttons
Acknowledged
logs – green flag
Unacknowledged
log – red flag
View more logs
Figure 8-1: Logs
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Icon
Description
Alarm attended to and cleared.
System alarm – displayed when system functionality may be compromised.
Alarm status: OK
Alarm status: Error
Acknowledge alarm – Green = Acknowledged.
Click to change acknowledgement.
Use the Ack All button to acknowledge all alarm logs.
8.1.2 Alarm Classification and Thresholds
The user can set the criteria according to which the alarms are generated. The criteria
include Class and Severity selection, whether it will be transmitted to the AEM and more.
The alarm generation criteria are grouped according to the type of alarms: External Alarms,
User Events, Firmware Events, etc.
To access the Alarm Threshold configuration screen
1. Hover on the Menu Bar and click on Alarm Thresholds. The following screen appears.
Refresh view and
Apply changes
Criteria
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2. For each group of alarms, change the required criteria according to the following table
and click Apply.
Criteria
Description
Class
Type of alarm or event.
Severity
The severity level allocated to this event.
AEM Transmission
Affect Relay
Acknowledge
Whether this alarm is to be sent to the AEM server
Whether this alarm will activate the relay
Whether acknowledgement of the alarm is required.
Required
Trigger Range
Defines the minimum and maximum range outside of
which an alarm will be triggered.
Interval
The number of seconds for consecutive measurements in
error state before an alarm is triggered
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8.1.3 Home Screen Monitoring
In addition to RF settings and readings, the CSR Home screen provides detailed information
on the operation status of internal modules. This information can be used to aid in remotely
troubleshooting the repeater.
This section describes monitoring the Basic view Home screens. To view more details, click
Advanced.
External Alarms
status
Temperature
level
Input
attenuation and
Power level
UL RF settings
per channel
DL RF settings
per channel
Module
status
Figure 8-2: Main Screen – Basic View
Batt.
Status
Comm Temp
Pwr.
input
46
Pwr.
modules
status
Reference
Generator
Figure 8-3: Module Status Details
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8.1.4 Site Information and System Performance
To view CSR Site Information
Hover over the Title bar click on Site Information. Two areas are displayed:
 Performance – repeater status dashboard, displaying status of key parameters
 Control Module – provides hardware and software version information.

Site Information – provides CSR identification information.
Figure 8-4. CSR Site Information
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8.2 Module LEDs
LO
The Control Module has four LEDs which provide information on
the repeater and modem status and if someone is logged on to
the repeater.
IN
ST
AT
US
DM
PW
DM R
ST
AT
US
8.2.1 Control Module LEDs
Blue LED - Login
Quick flash
Control Module switched on, someone logged in locally and/or
remotely
Off
(except for a quick flash every 10th
second)
Control Module switched on, no one logged in
Off
(permanent)
Control Module switched OFF
Red LED - Status
Quick flash
Control Module switched on, one or more errors/alarms detected
Off (except for a quick flash every
10th second)
Control Module switched on, status OK
Off (permanent)
Control Module switched off
Green LED – Modem Power
On
Modem Power is on
Off
Modem Power is off
Green LED – Modem Status
On
Depending on type of call:
Voice call: Connected to remote party
Data call: Connected to remote party or exchange of parameters
while setting up or disconnecting a call
Indicates GPSR data transfer. When a GPRS transfer is in progress
the LED goes on within 1 second after data packets were
exchanged. Flash duration in approximately 0.5s.
Flashing
(irregular)
75ms on/75ms off/75ms on/3s off
One or more GPRS contexts activated
75ms on/3s off
Logged to network (monitoring control channels and user
interactions). No call in progress
600ms on/600ms off
No SIM card inserted, or no PIN entered, or network search in
progress, or ongoing user authentications, or network login in
progress
Off
Modem is off
8.2.2 Power Supply LEDs
This section provides a detailed description of the LEDs and examples of faults.
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Input
Power
+6V
+15V
+28V
LED 1, Input Power, Green
Slow flash
Power supply unit operating on AC or DC
OFF
Power supply unit not operating
LED 2, +6V, Red
Slow flash (every 10 seconds)
+6V power supply operating
Quick flash
+6V power supply not operating or operating with
malfunction
LED 3, +15V, Red
Slow flash (every 10 seconds)
+15V power supply operating
Quick flash
+15V power supply not operating or operating with
malfunction
LED 4, +28V, Red
Slow flash (every 10 seconds)
+28V power supply operating
Quick flash
+28V power supply not operating or
operating with malfunction
Examples
LED 1 is flashing slowly, LED 2 – 4 are flashing
slowly (once every 10 seconds)
=> power supply unit is operating without problem
Input
Power
+6V
+15V
+28V
LED 1 is flashing slowly, one or two of the red
LEDs are flashing quickly
Input
Power
+6V
+15V
+28V
=> Input power is operating but there is a problem
with some of the other voltages
LED 1 is flashing slowly, all of the red LEDs are
flashing quickly
Input
Power
+6V
+15V
© Axell Wireless Ltd
+28V
=> Input power is out and unit is operating on
backup battery
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8.3 Troubleshooting Remote Communication
Please also refer to the document Common Command and Attributes for guidance.
Since many networks have their own “personality”, performing first time configuration of the
remote communication sometimes requires tweaking of the modem parameters.
This section describes some trouble shooting techniques if configuring the repeater for
remote access fails.
The illustration below is a simplified schematic of the remote communication between a
GSM modem in a repeater and an analogue modem. The analogue modem in the computer
communicates with the Interworking Function Unit (IFU), which is the GSM network
analogue network interface. The call is routed via the switch centre over the air interface to
the data call number in the SIM-card of the GSM module.
The Control Module is responsible for establishing connections with the Axell Element
Manager, and to answer incoming calls to the repeater.
As described in previous sections, the Control Module only accepts one login at a time,
either via Local Maintenance port (LMT) or modem connection. Hence, when verifying the
remote access of the repeater, it is important to log out from the repeater locally before
trying to access the repeater remotely.
8.3.1 Direct Modem Access
To allow for advanced trouble shooting of the communications, it is possible to connect
directly to the modem by opening the repeater and connecting to the Control Module from a
computer.
LMT Port
RS232 cable
GSM
Control Module
Module
Laptop
Log in to the repeater, either with RMC, or with a terminal emulation program, such as
HyperTerminal™.
When the login is completed, select Terminal Mode, this will give access to the repeater
command prompt in the same way as with HyperTerminal.
When the repeater prompt is accessible, type in the command
ACCESS MODEM .
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When typing ACCESS MODEM, the controller will send all the characters that are typed
directly out to the modem port. All characters replied back from the modem will go directly to
the LMT port and back to the computer.
To abort an ACCESS MODEM session, press three ‘-‘ in a row (all three within one second)
to come back to the repeater command prompt.
NOTE: When accessing the modem port the modem might be configured with “echo off”,
meaning that the characters entered will not be echoed back to the screen. In order to
enable “echo”, press Enter.
Type
ATE1 
(invisible)
The modem replies with
OK
indicating that the echo is enabled. All characters entered will now be echoed back to the
terminal program.
8.3.2 Trace Modem
For troubleshooting purposes it is possible to trace the actual progress of initializing the
modem. This trace is useful when having problems with the modem initialization.
Go to Terminal Mode and type
TRACE MODEM
To end session type CTRL-Z
© Axell Wireless Ltd
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AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
8.3.3 Manually Answering Incoming Calls
It is possible to manually answer incoming calls without involving the repeater software at
all, to verify that the remote access and the network itself works as intended. In order to
verify the remote communication, make sure to have someone stand by to dial up the
repeater with a terminal emulation program, for example HyperTerminal™.
Go in to Direct Modem Access as described earlier. When in direct access mode, ask the
person standing by to dial up the repeater.
As soon as a call is received, the text RING will repeatedly be displayed on the screen.
Type ATA 
This will inform the modem to answer (ATtention Answer).
When the connection is established, a connect message will be displayed including the
connection speed. Sometimes the information comes together with some miscellaneous
information, such as error correction protocols etc.
NOTE:Make sure the remote peer dials the Data Call number
If the voice number is dialed instead of the data number, or if the modem contains an illegal
modem initialization string, the message
OK
or
NO CARRIER
will be displayed almost immediately.
Try to change the modem initialization string. The modem initialization string mainly used to
configure the remote communication is AT+CBST.
Successful modem initialization strings used by Axell Wireless includes (most common first):
AT+CBST=71,0,1;\Q3
AT+CBST=7,0,1;\Q3
AT+CBST=0,0,1;\Q3
AT+CBST=0,0,1;\Q3
AT+CBST=7,0,3;\Q3
Once the modem initialization string is entered, try again to dial up the repeater. For details
on the different modem initialization strings, please refer to the modem’s user guide.
If the setup is successful, the connect message will be brought up;
CONNECT 9600
This means that an online connection is established to the remote peer. From now on, all
characters typed on the keyboard will end up on the remote peer’s screen. Similarly, all
characters typed by the remote peer will be displayed on the screen.
In the example, the incoming
call was successfully answered,
and the remote user entered the
text message.
In order to come back to modem command mode, press +++ (three pluses) rapidly (within
one second).
Receiving OK means that the modem is back in command mode.
Type ATH 
This terminates the connection to the remote peer. The message NO CARRIER will be
displayed.
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© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
8.3.4 Common Problems
8.3.4.1 Problem 1
When enabling the remote access for the repeater, the modem fails to log in to the network.
8.3.4.2 Solution
Signal strength from the donor site is too low. The signal strength can be read directly from
the modem. Go in to Direct Modem Access as described earlier. Use the command
AT+CSQ (documented below) to read out the signal strength.
In order to have good signal quality, Axell Wireless recommends that the signal strength
should be better than -95 dBm. If signal strength is lower, try to adjust the antennas to get a
better signal strength from the donor.
Documentation of +CSQ command from a modem’s manual.
In the example the reply to
AT+CSQ is 0,7 meaning 7*2 dB
above -113 dBm; the modem
detects a signal level of -99
dBm.
© Axell Wireless Ltd
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
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AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
8.3.4.3 Problem 2a
Repeater is configured properly, and answers the incoming call, but when trying to dial the
repeater using an analogue mode, no modem handshaking is heard from the dialing
modem.
8.3.4.4 Problem 2b
When dialing the repeater, the repeater answers the incoming call, but no connection is
established, and after a while the repeater disconnects the call.
8.3.4.5 Solution
The most common cause is that the number called is the voice number of the SIM, not the
data number. Therefore, make sure to dial the data number.
If data call is used, the problem probably is an illegal modem initialization string.
In order to change the modem string, go to the repeater command prompt. Try changing the
modem initialization string and log out to let the controller reinitialize the modem.
If problem remains, try a few different modem initialization strings. Axell Wireless has been
successful with the following modem initialization strings:
AT+CBST=71,0,1;\Q3
AT+CBST=7,0,1;\Q3
AT+CBST=0,0,1;\Q3
AT+CBST=0,0,1;\Q3
AT+CBST=7,0,3;\Q3
Please refer to the modem manual for detailed description of the modem initialization
strings.
8.3.4.6 Problem 3
It is possible to call the repeater from another GSM mobile, but not from an analogue
modem.
8.3.4.7 Solution
This problem is most likely related to the modem configuration and/or the configuration of
the IFU unit. Try to decrease the communications speed and make sure that the modem
error correction is supported by the IFU. Verify the IFU configuration to see if there are any
known problems with the modem connections.
8.3.4.8 Problem 4
When dialing the repeater, or when the repeater is dialing the Element Manager, the
connection is terminated before the handshaking is completed.
8.3.4.9 Solution
When a repeater is answering an incoming modem call, or calling up the OMC to deliver an
alarm or a report, the repeater will wait a configurable number of seconds for the call to be
established. If no communication is established within this time, the call will be hung up. If
this interval is set too low, the handshaking is terminated too fast. In the RMC, verify the
Modem Connect Time to see that it is set to at least 30 seconds.
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© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
9 Maintenance
CAUTION!! Please be aware that the equipment may, during certain
conditions become very warm and can cause minor injuries if handled
without any protection, such as gloves.
CAUTION!! Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by an incorrect type.
Dispose of used batteries according to local laws and instructions.
9.1 General
The system normally operates without any operator intervention or maintenance. If in the
unlikely event of any unit failure, the faulty repeater should be replaced. A failed unit can be
removed and replaced with a spare while the rest of the system (other repeaters) is still
operating. However, the power supply of the failed repeater should be isolated from the
power before anything is replaced.
In the event of a malfunction in the system, the status of the antenna systems as well as the
continuity of the cabling should be checked before replacing any modules within the
repeater.
9.2 Preventative Maintenance
The repeater does not require preventative maintenance apart from changing the battery
once every three years.
9.3 Component Replacement
Except for the backup battery, none of the modules in the repeater can be replaced without
removing the repeater from its mounting and opening the cover of the repeater.
9.4 Product Disposal
Disposal of this product must be handled according to all national laws and regulations. For
detailed information regarding materials, please refer to Axell Wireless.
9.5 Replacing Backup Battery
NOTE: The backup battery should be replaced every five years. Contact your Axell service
representative for specifications of the replacement battery.
The image below shows the location of the various power elements. These are described in
detail in the following sections.
Backup battery
pack
Battery (BATT) ON/OFF
switch
Figure 9-1. Power Elements Inside Repeater
© Axell Wireless Ltd
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AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
To replace the backup battery
4. Set the battery switch to OFF.
5. The battery is replaced by lifting the battery pack out of the crate and disconnecting
the cable.
Connector
Figure 9-2. Backup Battery Connections
9.6 Troubleshooting
In the event of a failure Axell Wireless’s support service should be contacted for advice on a
possible module replacement or other action to be taken.
CAUTION! If a shipment of a repeater back to Axell Wireless is made
within the period of guarantee the original packing must be used.
9.7 Component Replacement
None of the modules in the repeater can be replaced without removing the repeater from its
mounting and opening the cover of the repeater.
9.8 Product Disposal
Disposal of this product must be handled according to all national laws and regulations. For
detailed information regarding materials, please refer to Axell Wireless.
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© Axell Wireless Ltd
AXELL CSR 3604-3304 UHF REPEATER
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND USER’S MANUAL
Appendix A - Specifications
The following tables provide specifications for all models.
Electrical Specifications
Operator Duplex
Frequency range
Output power/carrier (DL)
Gain
Operator bandwidth
Duplex distance
Number of Channels
Impedance
IP3
Noise figure (UL)
Selectivity
Group delay
ALC
Spurious Emissions from
RF port
Intermodulation Products
5MHz
450-470MHz
+36dBm 1 carrier
+33dBm 2 carriers
+30dBm 4 carriers
55 – 85 dB, in 1 dB steps
2.5MHz
5MHz
3MHz
470-512MHz
+40 dBm 1 carrier
+30 dBm 2 carriers
+27 dBm 4 carriers
55 – 85 dB, in 1 dB steps
1.5MHz
3MHz
Up to 8
50 
+68 dBm, typical
4.5 dB at maximum gain
According to ETSI TS 101-789-1
< 12 µs max (14 µs at high selectivity)
Time slot based
< -13dBm
< -60dBc (according to TS 101-789-1)
Power Requirements
5MHz
Power Requirements
Power Consumption
External Connections
Local Maintenance port
RF port
AC/DC input
3MHz
115VAC 60Hz or –48VDC
180 Watts typical
RS232
N-type Female
Circular, 3-pin
RF Mechanical Specification
Dimensions
Enclosure
Weight
Cooling
RF Environmental Specification
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
Humidity Condensed
© Axell Wireless Ltd
5MHz
3MHz
600 x 400 x 310 mm (24 x 16 x 12.2 in.) (h x w x d)
IP65
IP65
30kg/66lbs
48kg (106 lbs)
Convection
Convection
-10 to +50 °C (-14 to +122 °F)
-30 to 70° C (-58 to 158° F)
10% – 90%
DOC PN 3633B-UM Rev. 2.1
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