PBE Europe as Axell Wireless 55-1515SERIES 55-151-501 Cell Enhancer User Manual

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Document Author:	Dan

800MHz Tetra BDA
User Handbook
For
AFL Inc.
AFL Works Order Nō.:
AFL product part Nō.:
Q112081
55-151501
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-1 of 31
Table of Contents
AMENDMENT LIST RECORD SHEET ...................................................................................................4
INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................5
Scope ........................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Purpose ....................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Glossary of Terms...................................................................................................................................................... 6
Key to AFL RF Module Drawing Symbols ............................................................................................................. 7
1.
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS.........................................................................................................8
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
2.
3.
Earthing of Equipment ................................................................................................................................ 8
Electric Shock Hazard.................................................................................................................................. 8
RF Radiation Hazard ................................................................................................................................... 9
Chemical Hazard ........................................................................................................................................ 10
Emergency Contact Numbers.................................................................................................................... 10
SYSTEM OVERVIEW....................................................................................................................11
TETRA BI-DIRECTIONAL AMPLIFIER ...................................................................................12
3.P
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
4.
System Photographs ................................................................................................................................... 12
Description .................................................................................................................................................. 13
Technical Specification............................................................................................................................... 13
Mechanical Specification............................................................................................................................ 14
System Drawings......................................................................................................................................... 15
Parts Lists.................................................................................................................................................... 16
SUB-UNIT MODULES....................................................................................................................17
4.1
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.4
4.4.1
4.4.2
4.4.3
4.5
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.4.3
4.6
4.6.1
4.6.2
4.7
4.7.1
4.8
4.8.1
4.8.2
5.
5.1
6.
6.1
Bandpass Filters (02-007206)..................................................................................................................... 17
Description ............................................................................................................................................... 17
Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 17
¼Watt 0- -30dB Switched Attenuator (10-000701).................................................................................. 18
General Application ................................................................................................................................. 18
Switched Attenuators ................................................................................................................................ 18
Low Noise Amplifier (11-006702).............................................................................................................. 19
Description ............................................................................................................................................... 19
Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 19
LNA ‘D’ Connector Pin-out details .......................................................................................................... 19
20W Power Amplifier (12-018002)............................................................................................................ 20
Description ............................................................................................................................................... 20
Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 20
PA 7-Way Connector Pin-outs.................................................................................................................. 20
5W Power Amplifier (12-018601).............................................................................................................. 21
Description ............................................................................................................................................... 21
Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 21
PA 7-Way Connector Pin-outs.................................................................................................................. 21
Wide Dynamic Range AGC (17-001109, det. & 17-001201, atten.) ....................................................... 22
Description ............................................................................................................................................... 22
Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 23
12V Single Relay Board (80-008901) ........................................................................................................ 23
Description ............................................................................................................................................... 23
15V Switch-Mode PSU (96-300054) .......................................................................................................... 24
Description ............................................................................................................................................... 24
Technical Specification............................................................................................................................. 24
INSTALLATION .............................................................................................................................25
Initial Installation Record.......................................................................................................................... 25
MAINTENANCE .............................................................................................................................26
General Procedures .................................................................................................................................... 26
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-2 of 31
6.1.1
Fault Finding............................................................................................................................................ 26
6.1.2
Downlink................................................................................................................................................... 27
6.1.3
Uplink ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
6.1.4
Fault repair............................................................................................................................................... 27
6.1.5
Checking service....................................................................................................................................... 28
6.1.6
Service Support......................................................................................................................................... 28
6.2
Tools & Test Equipment ............................................................................................................................ 28
6.3
Care of Modules.......................................................................................................................................... 29
6.3.1
General Comments ................................................................................................................................... 29
6.3.2
Module Removal (LNA’s, general procedure): ........................................................................................ 29
6.3.3
Module Replacement (general): ............................................................................................................... 29
6.3.4
Power Amplifiers ...................................................................................................................................... 29
6.3.5
Low Power Amplifier Replacement .......................................................................................................... 30
6.3.6
Module Transportation: ........................................................................................................................... 30
APPENDIX A
INITIAL EQUIPMENT SET-UP CALCULATIONS.................................................31
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-3 of 31
AMENDMENT LIST RECORD SHEET
Issue
Nō.
Date
22/04/2005
Incorporated
by
CMH
Page No.’s
Amended
Reason for new issue
1st Draft
Document Ref:-55-151501HBK
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-4 of 31
INTRODUCTION
Scope
This handbook is for use solely with the equipment identified by the AFL Part Number
shown on the front cover. It is not to be used with any other equipment unless specifically
authorised by Aerial Facilities Limited.
Purpose
The purpose of this handbook is to provide the user/maintainer with sufficient information to
service and repair the equipment to the level agreed. Maintenance and adjustments to any
deeper level must be performed by AFL, normally at the company’s repair facility in
Chesham, England.
This handbook has been prepared in accordance with BS 4884, and AFL’s Quality
procedures, which maintain the company’s registration to BS EN ISO 9001:2000 and to the
R&TTE Directive of the European Parliament. Copies of the relevant certificates and the
company Quality Manual can be supplied on application to the Quality Manager.
This document fulfils the relevant requirements of Article 6 of the R&TTE Directive.
Limitation of Information Notice
This manual is written for the use of technically competent operators/service persons. No
liability is accepted by AFL for use or misuse of this manual, the information contained
therein, or the consequences of any actions resulting from the use of the said information,
including, but not limited to, descriptive, procedural, typographical, arithmetical, or listing
errors.
Furthermore, AFL does not warrant the absolute accuracy of the information contained
within this manual, or it’s completeness, fitness for purpose, or scope.
AFL has a policy of continuous product development and enhancement, and as such,
reserves the right to amend, alter, update and generally change the contents, appearance and
pertinence of this document without notice.
All AFL products carry a twelve month warranty from date of shipment. The warranty is
expressly on a return to base repair or exchange basis and the warranty cover does not extend
to on-site repair or complete unit exchange.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-5 of 31
Glossary of Terms
Repeater or
Cell Enhancer
Band Selective Repeater
Channel Selective
Repeater
BTS
C/NR
Downlink (D.L.)
Uplink (U.L.)
EMC
GND
DC
AC
ID
OIP3
LED
M.S.
N/A
N/C
NF
RF
Rx
Tx
S/N
A Radio Frequency (RF) amplifier which can simultaneously
amplify and re-broadcast Mobile Station (MS) and Base
Transceiver Station (BTS) signals.
A Cell Enhancer designed for operation on a range of channels
within a specified frequency band.
A Cell Enhancer, designed for operation on specified channel(s)
within a specified frequency band. Channel frequencies may be
factory set or on-site programmable.
Base Transceiver Station
Carrier-to-Noise Ratio
RF signals transmitted from the BTS and to the MS
RF signals transmitted from the MS to the BTS
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Ground
Direct Current
Alternating Current
Identification Number
Output Third Order Intercept Point = RFout +(C/I)/2
Light Emitting Diode
Mobile Station
Not Applicable
No Connection
Noise Figure
Radio Frequency
Receiver
Transmitter
Serial Number
800MHz Tetra Repeater
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Page:-6 of 31
Key to AFL RF Module Drawing Symbols
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-7 of 31
1.
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
1.1
Earthing of Equipment
Cell Enhancers supplied from the mains must be connected to grounded outlets and earthed
in conformity with appropriate local, national and international electricity supply and safety
regulations.
1.2
Electric Shock Hazard
Electrical shocks due to faulty mains driven power supplies.
Whilst ever potentially present in any electrical equipment, such a condition would be
minimised by quality installation practice and thorough testing at:
a) Original assembly
b) Commissioning
c) Regular intervals, thereafter.
All test equipment to be in good working order prior to its use. High current power supplies
can be dangerous because of the possibility of substantial arcing. Always switch off during
disconnection and reconnection.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-8 of 31
1.3
RF Radiation Hazard
RF radiation, (especially at UHF frequencies) arising from transmitter outputs connected to
AFL’s equipment, must be considered a safety hazard.
This condition might only occur in the event of cable disconnection, or because a ‘spare’
output has been left unterminated. Either of these conditions would impair the system’s
efficiency. No investigation should be carried out until all RF power sources have been
removed. This would always be a wise precaution, despite the severe mismatch between the
impedance of an N type connector at 50Ω, and that of free space at 377Ω, which would
severely mitigate against the efficient radiation of RF power. Radio frequency burns could
also be a hazard, if any RF power carrying components were to be carelessly touched!
Antenna positions should be chosen to comply with requirements (both local & statutory)
regarding exposure of personnel to RF radiation. When connected to an antenna, the unit is
capable of producing RF field strengths, which may exceed guideline safe values especially if
used with antennas having appreciable gain. In this regard the use of directional antennas with
backscreens and a strict site rule that personnel must remain behind the screen while the RF
power is on, is strongly recommended.
Where the equipment is used near power lines, or in association with temporary masts not
having lightning protection, the use of a safety earth connected to the case-earthing bolt is
strongly advised.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-9 of 31
1.4
Chemical Hazard
Beryllium Oxide, also known as Beryllium Monoxide, or Thermalox™, is sometimes used in
devices within equipment produced by Aerial Facilities Ltd. Beryllium oxide dust can be toxic
if inhaled, leading to chronic respiratory problems. It is harmless if ingested or by contact.
Products that contain beryllium are load terminations (dummy loads) and some power
amplifiers. These products can be identified by a yellow and black “skull and crossbones”
danger symbol (shown above). They are marked as hazardous in line with international
regulations, but pose no threat under normal circumstances. Only if a component containing
beryllium oxide has suffered catastrophic failure, or exploded, will there be any danger of the
formation of dust. Any dust that has been created will be contained within the equipment
module as long as the module remains sealed. For this reason, any module carrying the yellow
and black danger sign should not be opened. If the equipment is suspected of failure, or is at
the end of its life-cycle, it must be returned to Aerial Facilities Ltd for disposal.
To return such equipment, please contact the Quality Department, who will give you a
Returned Materials Authorisation (RMA) number. Please quote this number on the packing
documents, and on all correspondence relating to the shipment.
PolyTetraFluoroEthylene, (P.T.F.E.) and P.T.F.E. Composite Materials
Many modules/components in AFL equipment contain P.T.F.E. as part of the RF insulation
barrier.
This material should never be heated to the point where smoke or fumes are evolved. Any
person feeling drowsy after coming into contact with P.T.F.E. especially dust or fumes should
seek medical attention.
1.5
Emergency Contact Numbers
The AFL Quality Department can be contacted on:
Telephone
Fax
e-mail
+44 (0)1494 777000
+44 (0)1494 777002
qa@aerial.co.uk
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-10 of 31
2.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
The AFL Band Selective Cell Enhancer is a 2-way on-band repeater. Various models are
available to cover frequency bands from 50MHz to 3000MHz with power levels up to 100Watts.
Its main sphere of applications is in urban areas where the topology is such that shadows occur in
the propagation pattern (for example within large buildings, conference centres and tunnels, etc.)
The Band Selective Cell Enhancer is a 2-port device for direct connection to two antennas,
usually a highly directional Yagi or similar aligned towards the base (donor) site and an omnidirectional or leaky feeder antenna to cover the mobiles. The frequency bands that are passed by
the Cell Enhancer are set as per the specific customer requirements.
Each active module carries its own volt-free, alarm relay contact interface which may be easily
integrated into any such summary system. A comprehensive range of RS232/422 computer
controlled alarms/monitors for band selective and channelised systems is also available.
AFL manufacture a wide range of Cell Enhancers, configured for each customer's specific
requirements. Two basic physical variants are available, a rack mounted version to fit in a
standard 19" rack and an environmentally sealed wall mounted version which requires no further
enclosure.
The rack-mounted version is usually supplied in 3 units, a power supply unit and 2 RF units (one
containing each path). Each unit has a ‘D.C. on’ indicator on the front panel and the PSU also has
an ‘A.C. on’ indicator.
The wall-mounted version is supplied in a single environmentally-protected case. Handles are
provided for carrying the unit and the door is fitted with locks. A supply isolator switch is fitted
inside the unit and there are D.C. and Alarm on indicators on the outside of the door.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
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Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-11 of 31
3.
TETRA BI-DIRECTIONAL AMPLIFIER
3.P
System Photographs
800MHz Tetra Repeater
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Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-12 of 31
3.1
Description
The 800MHz Tetra band selective (no channelisation) tunnel amplifier is directly connected
to an air interface antenna directed towards the base station and a leaky feeder antenna to
cover the mobiles in the tunnel. The downlink power is 20Watts, provided by a single power
amplifier, and the uplink power device is a single 5W amplifier, which is sufficient power for
ample communications with the base station.
Automatic gain control is featured in both paths to prevent overloading of the input stages
should a mobile be operated close to the antennas.
An alarm system is in-built into each amplifier to warn of functionality disorders and this is
output from the system as a summary, volt-free relay contact pair suitable for integration with
any existing loop arrangement.
3.2
Technical Specification
PARAMETER
Frequency range:
Bandwidth:
Gain:
Gain Adjustment:
Uplink Power:
Downlink Power:
Third order intercept point:
1dB compression point:
SPECIFICATION
866-894MHz (downlink)
821-849MHz (uplink)
28MHz
>85dB
0 - 30dB (in 2dB steps)
>5.0Watts
>20.0Watts
+40dBm (downlink)
+54dBm (uplink)
+41.5dBm (downlink)
+35.5dBm (uplink)
+40dBm
+34dBm
<6dB
better than 1.5:1
N type, female
-10°C to +60°C
-40°C to +70°C
Downlink:
Uplink:
Noise Figure:
VSWR:
RF Connectors:
Temperature range: operational:
storage:
Alarms Fitted:
(volt-free contacts/TTL)
AGC:
Amplifiers
800MHz Tetra Repeater
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Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
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Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-13 of 31
3.3
Mechanical Specification
PARAMETER
SPECIFICATION
Height: 620mm
Case size
Width: 420mm
Depth: 250mm
(excluding heatsinks, connectors, handles and feet)
Fixings: 4 holes on 470(w) x 500(h)mm
operational: -10°C to +60°C
Temperature
Range:
storage: -40°C to +70°C
Weight: 40kg (approximately)
RF Connectors: N type female
Environmental Protection: IP65 (with door closed and all ports terminated)
Case: To RAL 7032
Finish:
Heatsinks: Matt black (where fitted)
Handles: Black Technopolymer
Unit supplied with suitable supply input leads with
Supply Cable:
connector and appropriate length of cable.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
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Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-14 of 31
BASE
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
30dB
dB
17-001109
12-018601
AGC
DET
11-006702
30dB
30dB
dB
30dB
AGC
DET
02-007206
02-007206
17-001109
10-000701
11-006702
dB
12-018002
30dB
17-001201
11-006702
30dB
11-006702
dB
10-000701
17-001201
MOBILE
System Drawings
02-007206
02-007206
3.4
800MHz Tetra Repeater
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Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-15 of 31
3.5
Parts Lists
AFL Part Nō.
02-007206
10-000701
11-006702
12-018002
12-018601
17-000126
17-000526
17-001109
17-001201
17-001522
17-009020
80-008901
80-031820
80-032320
80-310420
90-100003
90-200004
90-400006
91-030002
91-130001
91-500011
91-500013
91-500015
91-500016
91-510032
91-600007
91-600014
91-660001
96-110047
96-300057
96-500003
96-700034
96-700035
96-900018
97-300010
97-300011/2
97-400010
97-900003
Part Description
900MHz 8POLE 15-25MHz B/W SMA
1/4W0-30dB SWITCHED ATTENUATOR
GA 800-1000MHz LNA 29dB (WITH RELAY
PA 800-960MHz 20W CLASS A
POWER AMPLIFIER 900MHz 5W
CELL ENHANCER LABEL 6 DIGIT
CE 10/20W HEATSINK THERMAL GASKET
CE AGC UNIT LOG DET/AMP ASSY (12V)
C/E AGC UNIT ATTENUATOR ASSY
BASE PLATE 560 x 345mm 17-001520&9020
ENCLOSURE 620 x 420 x 250 (3 H/S) ALU
12V RELAY PCB ASSEMBLY
20W PA HEATSINK
10W PA HEATSINK
BCC 400W POWER SUPPLY HEATSINK
MAINS LEAD '6 AMP'
DC I/P LEADS, FREE SOCKET
ALARM LEADS
N ADAPTOR PANEL FEMALE:FEMALE
SMA ADAPT 'T' ALL FEMALE 3 GHz
PWR 3POLE PNL PLUG SEALED IP68
PWR 2POLE PNL PLUG SEALED IP68
PWR CON CAP SEALED with INT. THREAD
PWR 6POLE PNL PLUG SEALED IP68
20A SOCKET CONTACT PIN
'D' 9 WAY BLACK SHELL
'D' 9 WAY SOCKET S/B (NON FILTERED)
2W5 MIXED D TYPE SOCKET (7 WAY)
20A ATO FUSE
15V 27A PSU 400W (XP BCC)
AC FILTER 110V 5A
LED RED 5mm IP67
LED GREEN 5mm IP67
AC TRIP SWITCH (5 AMP M.C.B.)
C/E SUPPLY INPUT COVER
DC BOX 12V ATO TYPE 1 ASSEMBLY
BLACK PLASTIC HANDLE 50mm HIGH
RUBBER FOOT 1 1:2' DIA.
Qty.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
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Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
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Page:-16 of 31
4.
SUB-UNIT MODULES
4.1
4.1.1
Bandpass Filters (02-007206)
Description
The bandpass filters are multi-section designs with a bandwidth dependent upon the
passband frequencies, (both tuned to customer requirements). The response shape is basically
Chebyshev with a passband design ripple of 0.1dB. The filters are of slot coupled, folded
combline design, and are carefully aligned during manufacture in order to optimise the
insertion loss, VSWR and intermodulation characteristics of the unit. The tuned elements are
silver-plated to reduce surface ohmic losses and maintain a good VSWR figure and 50Ω load
at the input and output ports.
Being passive devices, the bandpass filters should have an extremely long operational life
and require no maintenance. Should a filter be suspect, it is usually most time efficient to
replace the module rather than attempt repair or re-tuning. No adjustments should be
attempted without full network sweep analysis facilities to monitor both insertion loss and
VSWR simultaneously.
4.1.2
Technical Specification
PARAMETER
Response Type
Frequency Range:
Bandwidth:
Number of Sections:
Insertion Loss:
VSWR:
Connectors:
Power Handling:
Temperature
operation:
range:
storage:
Weight:
SPECIFICATION
Chebyshev
800 - 950MHz (tuned to spec.)
25MHz (tuned to spec.)
1.2 dB
better than 1.2:1
SMA female
100W max
-10°C to +60°C
-20°C to +70°C
3 kg (typical)
800MHz Tetra Repeater
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4.2 ¼Watt 0- -30dB Switched Attenuator (10-000701)
4.2.1
General Application
In many practical applications for Cell Enhancers etc., the gain in each path is found to be
excessive. Therefore, provision is made within the unit for the setting of attenuation in each
path, to reduce the gain.
4.2.2
Switched Attenuators
The AFL switched attenuators are available in two different types; 0 – 30dB in 2 dB steps (as
in this case), or 0 – 15dB in 1 dB steps. The attenuation is simply set using the four miniature
toggle switches on the top of each unit. Each switch is clearly marked with the attenuation it
provides, and the total attenuation in line is the sum of the values switched in. They are
designed to maintain an accurate 50Ω impedance over their operating frequency at both input
and output.
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4.3
4.3.1
Low Noise Amplifier (11-006702)
Description
The Gallium-Arsenide low noise amplifiers used in the unit are double stage, solid-state
low noise amplifiers. Class A circuitry is used throughout the units to ensure excellent
linearity and extremely low noise over a very wide dynamic range. The active devices are
very moderately rated to provide a long trouble-free working life. There are no
adjustments on these amplifiers, and in the unlikely event of a failure, then the complete
amplifier should be replaced. This amplifier features its own in-built alarm system which
gives a volt-free relay contact type alarm that is easily integrated into the main alarm
system.
4.3.2
Technical Specification
PARAMETER
Frequency Range:
Bandwidth:
Gain:
1dB Compression Point:
OIP3:
Input/Output Return Loss:
Noise Figure:
Power Consumption:
Supply Voltage:
Connectors:
operational:
Temperature Range:
storage:
Size:
Weight:
4.3.3
SPECIFICATION
800 – 1000MHz
<200MHz
29dB (typical)
20dBm
33dBm
>18dB
1.3dB (typical)
180mA @ 24V DC
10-24V DC
SMA female
-10°C to +60°C
-20°C to +70°C
90 x 55 x 30.2mm
290gms (approximately)
LNA ‘D’ Connector Pin-out details
Connector pin
Signal
+Ve input (10-24V)
GND
Alarm RelayO/P bad
Alarm Relay common
Alarm Relay good
No connection
TTL voltage set
TTL alarm/0V (good)
O/C good/0V bad
800MHz Tetra Repeater
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Page:-19 of 31
4.4
4.4.1
20W Power Amplifier (12-018002)
Description
This amplifier is a Class A 20W power amplifier from 800-960MHz in a 1 stage balanced
configuration. It demonstrates a very high linearity and a very good input/output return
loss (RL). It has built in a Current Fault Alarm Function.
Its housing is an aluminium case (Alocrom 1200 finish) with SMA connectors for the RF
input/output and a D-Type connector for the power supply and the Current Fault Alarm
Function.
4.4.2
Technical Specification
PARAMETER
Frequency range:
Small signal gain:
Gain flatness:
I/O Return loss:
1dB compression point:
OIP3:
Supply voltage:
Supply current:
Temperature
operational:
range
storage:
Weight:
4.4.3
SPECIFICATION
800-960MHz
30dB
±1.2dB
>18dB
42.8dBm
56dBm
24V DC
5.0Amps (Typical)
-10°C to +60°C
-20°C to +70°C
<2kg (no heatsink)
PA 7-Way Connector Pin-outs
Connector Pin
A1 (large pin)
A2 (large pin)
Signal
+12V DC
GND
Alarm relay common
TTL alarm/0V good
Alarm relay contact (bad)
Alarm relay contact (good)
O/C good/0V bad (TTL)
800MHz Tetra Repeater
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4.5
4.5.1
5W Power Amplifier (12-018601)
Description
This amplifier is a Class A 5W power amplifier from 800MHz to 960MHz in a 1 stage
balanced configuration. It demonstrates a very high linearity and a very good input/output
return loss (RL). It has built in a Current Fault Alarm Function.
Its housing is an aluminium case (Alocrom 1200 finish) with SMA connectors for the RF
input/output and a D-Type connector for the power supply and the Current Fault Alarm
Function.
4.5.2
Technical Specification
PARAMETER
Frequency range:
Small signal gain:
Gain flatness:
I/O Return loss:
1dB compression point:
OIP3:
Supply voltage:
Supply current:
operational:
Temperature range
storage:
Weight:
4.4.3
SPECIFICATION
800-960MHz
30dB
±0.5dB
>20dB
+37dBm
+52dBm
12V DC
2.0Amps (typical)
-10°C to +60°C
-20°C to +70°C
<2kg (no heatsink)
PA 7-Way Connector Pin-outs
Connector Pin
A1 (large pin)
A2 (large pin)
Signal
+12V DC
GND
Alarm relay common
TTL alarm/0V good
Alarm relay contact (bad)
Alarm relay contact (good)
O/C good/0V bad (TTL)
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-21 of 31
4.6
4.6.1
Wide Dynamic Range AGC (17-001109, det. & 17-001201, atten.)
Description
The equipment is fitted with a wide dynamic range Automatic Gain Control (AGC) system.
This is generally fitted in the Uplink path (not usually needed in the downlink path, as the
signal here is at an almost constant level), to avoid overloading the amplifiers (with the
associated performance degradation) should a mobile be operated very close to the unit.
The AFL wide dynamic range Automatic Gain Control system consists of two units, a
detector/amplifier and an attenuator. The logarithmic detector/amplifier unit is inserted in the
RF path on the output of the power amplifier, and the attenuator is situated in the RF path
between the 1st and 2nd stages of amplification.
Normally the attenuator is at minimum attenuation. The detector/amplifier unit monitors the
RF level being delivered by the power amplifier, and when a certain threshold is reached it
begins to increase the value of the attenuator to limit the RF output to the (factory set)
threshold. Therefore overloading of the power amplifier is avoided.
The factory set threshold is 1dB below the Enhancer 1dB compression point. Some
adjustment of this AGC threshold level is possible, a 10dB range is mostly achieved. It is not
recommended under any circumstances to adjust the AGC threshold to a level greater than
the 1dB compression point as system degradation will occur.
The detector comprises of a 50Ω transmission line with a resistive tap which samples a small
portion of the mainline power. The sampled signal is amplified and fed to a conventional half
wave diode rectifier, the output of which is a DC voltage proportional to the RF input signal.
This DC voltage is passed via an inverting DC amplifier with integrating characteristics, to
the output, which drives the attenuation control line of the corresponding AGC attenuator.
This unit is fitted at some earlier point in the RF circuit.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-22 of 31
For small signals, below AGC onset, the output control line will be close to 12V and the
AGC attenuator will have minimum attenuation. As the signal level increases the control line
voltage will fall, increasing the attenuator value and keeping the system output level at a
constant value.
The AGC onset level is adjusted by the choice of sampler resistor R1 and by the setting of
potentiometer VR1, (factory set @ time of system test) do not adjust unless able to monitor
subsequent RF levels.
The attenuator comprises a 50Ω P.I.N diode, voltage-variable attenuator with a range of 3 to
30dB. The attenuation is controlled by a DC voltage which is derived from the associated
AGC detector unit.
4.6.2
Technical Specification
PARAMETER
Frequency Range:
Attenuation Range:
Attenuation Steps:
VSWR:
RF Connectors:
attenuator:
Power Handling:
detector/amp:
operation:
Temperature Range:
storage:
attenuator pcb
Size:
detector/amp pcb
attenuator:
Weight:
detector/amp:
4.7
4.7.1
SPECIFICATION
up to 1000MHz
3 to 30dB
continuously variable
better than 1.2:1
SMA female
1W
>30W (or as required)
-10°C to +60°C
-20°C to +70°C
50 x 42 x 21mm
54 x 42 x 21mm
90gm
100gm
12V Single Relay Board (80-008901)
Description
The General Purpose Relay Board allows the inversion of signals and the isolation of
circuits. It is equipped with a single dual pole change-over relay RL1, with completely
isolated wiring, accessed via a 15 way in-line connector.
The relay is provided with polarity protection diodes and diodes for suppressing the
transients caused by "flywheel effect" which can destroy switching transistors or induce
spikes on neighbouring circuits. It’s common use is to amalgamate all the alarm signals
into one, volts-free relay contact pair for the main alarm system.
Note that the board is available for different voltages (12 or 24V) depending on the type
of relay fitted at RL1.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-23 of 31
4.8
4.8.1
15V Switch-Mode PSU (96-300054)
Description
The power supply unit is a switched-mode type capable of supplying 15V DC at 27Amps
continuously. The amplifiers in this unit will draw approximately 17-18Amps at 12V DC,
so the PSU will be used conservatively ensuring a long operational lifetime.
No routine maintenance of the PSU is required. If a fault is suspected, then the output
voltage from the power supply may be measured on its output terminals. This is typically
set to 12.2V. The adjustment potentiometer will be found close to the DC output
terminals.
All the PSU’s used in AFL Cell Enhancers are capable of operation from either 110 or
220V nominal AC supplies. The line voltage is sensed automatically, so no adjustment or
link setting is needed by the operator.
4.8.2
Technical Specification
AC Input Supply:
110 or 220V nominal
Voltage: 90 to 132 or 180 to 264V
(absolute limits)
Frequency: 47 to 63Hz
DC Output Supply:
15V DC (nominal)
Voltage:
12.5-17V (absolute limits)
Current: 27.0A
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-24 of 31
5.
INSTALLATION
5.1
Initial Installation Record
When this equipment is initially commissioned, please use the equipment set-up record sheet
in Appendix A. This will help both the installation personnel and AFL should these figures
be needed for future reference or diagnosis.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-25 of 31
6.
MAINTENANCE
6.1
6.1.1
General Procedures
Fault Finding
In the event that the performance of the system is suspect, a methodical and logical approach
to the problem will reveal the cause of the difficulty. The System consists of modules within
a wall mounted, environmentally protected enclosure
Transmissions from the main base stations are passed though the system to the mobile radio
equipment; this could be a handheld radio or a transceiver in a vehicle. This path is referred
to as the downlink. The return signal path from the mobile radio equipment to the base
station is referred to as the uplink.
The first operation is to check the alarms of each of the active units and determine that the
power supplies to the equipment are connected and active.
This can be achieved remotely (via CEMS, the RS232 Coverage Enhancement Management
System, if fitted), or locally with the front panel LED’s. The green LED on the front panel
should be illuminated, while the red alarm indicator should be off.
If an Alarm is on, then that individual shelf must be removed and individually tested against
the original test specification.
The individual amplifier units within the shelf have a green LED showing through a hole in
their piggy-back alarm board, which is illuminated if the unit is working correctly.
If an amplifier is suspect, check the DC power supply to the unit. If no other fault is apparent
use a spectrum analyser to measure the incoming signal level at the input and then after
reconnecting the amplifier input, measure the output level. Consult with the system diagram
to determine the expected gain and compare result.
In the event that there are no alarms on and all units appear to be functioning it will be
necessary to test the system in a systematic manner to confirm correct operation.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-26 of 31
6.1.2
Downlink
Confirm that there is a signal at the expected frequency and strength from the base station. If
this is not present then the fault may lay outside the system. To confirm this, inject a
downlink frequency signal from a known source at the master site BTS input and check for
output at the remote site feeder output.
If a signal is not received at the output it will be necessary to follow the downlink path
through the system to find a point at which the signal is lost. The expected downlink output
for the given input can be found in the end-to-end test specification.
6.1.3
Uplink
Testing the uplink involves a similar procedure to the downlink except that the frequencies
used are those transmitted by the mobile equipment.
6.1.4
Fault repair
Once a faulty component has been identified, a decision must be made on the appropriate
course to carry out a repair. A competent engineer can quickly remedy typical faults such as
faulty connections or cables. The exceptions to this are cable assemblies connecting
bandpass filter assemblies that are manufactured to critical lengths to maintain a 50-ohm
system. Care should be taken when replacing cables or connectors to ensure that items are of
the correct specification. The repair of component modules such as amplifiers and bandpass
filters will not usually be possible in the field, as they frequently require specialist
knowledge and test equipment to ensure correct operation. It is recommended that items of
this type are replaced with a spare unit and the faulty unit returned to AFL for repair.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-27 of 31
6.1.5
Checking service
Following the repair of any part of the system it is recommended that a full end-to-end test is
carried out in accordance with the test specification and that the coverage is checked by
survey.
It is important to bear in mind that the system includes a radiating cable network and base
stations that may be faulty or may have been damaged.
6.1.6
Service Support
Advice and assistance with maintaining and servicing this system are available by contacting
Aerial Facilities Ltd.
6.2
Tools & Test Equipment
The minimum tools and test equipment needed to successfully service this AFL product are
as follows:Spectrum analyser:
Signal Generator:
Attenuator:
Test Antenna:
Digital multi-meter:
Test cable x 2:
Test cable x 2:
Hand tools:
100kHz to 2GHz (Dynamic range = 90dB).
30MHz to 2GHz (-120dBm to 0dBm o/p level).
20dB, 10W, DC-2GHz, (N male – N female).
Yagi or dipole for operating frequency.
Universal Volt-Ohm-Amp meter.
N male – N male, 2M long RG214.
SMA male – N male, 1m long RG223.
Philips #1&2 tip screwdriver.
3mm flat bladed screwdriver.
SMA spanner and torque setter.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-28 of 31
6.3
6.3.1
Care of Modules
General Comments
Many of the active modules contain semiconductor devices utilising MOS technology, which
can be damaged by electrostatic discharge. Correct handling of such modules is mandatory to
ensure their long-term reliability.
To prevent damage to a module, it must be withdrawn/inserted with care. The module may
have connectors on its underside, which might not be visible to the service operative.
6.3.2
Module Removal (LNA’s, general procedure):
The following general instructions should be followed to remove a module:
Remove power to the unit
Remove all visible connectors (RF, DC & alarm)
Release module retaining screws.
Slowly but firmly, pull the module straight out of its position. Take care not to twist/turn
the module during withdrawal. (When the module is loose, care may be needed, as there
may be concealed connections underneath).
6.3.3
Module Replacement (general):
Carefully align the module into its location then slowly push the module directly straight
into its position, taking care not to twist/turn it during insertion.
Reconnect all connectors, RF, alarm, power etc.,(concealed connectors may have to be
connected first).
Replace retaining screws (if any).
Double-check all connections before applying power.
6.3.4
Power Amplifiers
1) Remove power to the unit. (Switch off @ mains/battery, or remove DC in connector)
2) Remove alarm wires from alarm screw terminal block or disconnect multi-way alarm
connector.
3) Carefully disconnect the RF input and output coaxial connectors (usually SMA)
If alarm board removal is not required, go to step 5.
4) There is (usually) a plate attached to the alarm board which fixes it to the amplifier,
remove its retaining screws and the alarm board can be withdrawn from the amplifier in
its entirety. On certain types of amplifier the alarm board is not mounted on a dedicated
mounting plate; in this case it will have to firstly be removed by unscrewing it from the
mounting pillars, in most cases, the pillars will not have not have to be removed before
lifting the amplifier.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-29 of 31
5) If the amplifier to be removed has a heatsink attached, there may be several different ways
it can have been assembled. The most commonly used method, is screws through the front
of the heatsink to threaded screw holes (or nuts and bolts), into the amplifier within the
main case. If the heatsink is mounted on the rear of the main case (e.g., against a wall in
the case of wall mounted enclosures), then the fixing method for the heatsink will be from
within the case, (otherwise the enclosure would have to be removed from the wall in order
to remove the heatsink).
When the heatsink has been removed, the amplifier may be unscrewed from the main
casing by its four corner fixings and gently withdrawn.
Fitting a new power amplifier module will be the exact reverse of the above.
Note: Do not forget to apply fresh heatsink compound to the heatsink/main case
joint and also between the amplifier and the main case.
6.3.5
Low Power Amplifier Replacement
Disconnect the mains power supply and disconnect the 24V dc supply connector for the
LPA.
Disconnect the RF input and output cables from the LPA.
Disconnect the alarm connector.
Remove the alarm monitoring wires from (D type connector) pins 9 and 10.
Remove the LPA module by removing the four retaining screws, replace with a new LPA
module and secure it with the screws.
Connect the RF cables to the LPA input and output connectors. Reconnect the wires to
the alarm board connector pins 9 and 10.
Reconnect the DC supply connector and turn the mains switch on.
Note:
Tighten SMA connectors using only a dedicated SMA torque spanner. If SMA
connectors are over-tightened, irreparable damage will occur. . Do not use adjustable
pliers to loosen/tighten SMA connectors.
Also take care not to drop or knock the module as this can damage (or misalign in the
case of tuned passive modules) sensitive internal components. Always store the modules
in an environmentally friendly location
6.3.6
Module Transportation:
To maintain the operation, performance and reliability of any module it must be stored and
transported correctly. Any module not installed in a whole system must be kept in an antistatic bag or container. These bags or containers are normally identified by being pink or
black, and are often marked with an ESD label. Any module sent back to AFL for
investigation/repair must be so protected. Please contact AFL’s quality department before
returning a module.
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-30 of 31
APPENDIX A
INITIAL EQUIPMENT SET-UP CALCULATIONS
GENERAL INFORMATION
Client Name:
AFL Equip. Model Nō.
Site Name:
Date:
Model
ANTENNA SYSTEMS
Gain
Azimuth
Comments
Type
Loss
Comments
A - Service Antenna
B – Donor Antenna
Length
C – Service Feeder
D – Donor Feeder
INITIAL PARAMETERS
E – CE Output Power
F – Antenna Isolation
G – Input signal level from donor BTS
Operating Voltage
dBm
dB
dBm
DOWNLINK CALCULATIONS
Parameter
Comments
Input signal level (G)
CE max. o/p power (E)
Gain setting
E-G
Isolation required
(Gain + 10dB)
Service antenna gain (A)
Service antenna feeder loss (C)
Effective radiated power (ERP)
E+A-C
Attenuator setting
CE gain-gain setting
Value
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
dB
dB
dBm
dB
If the input signal level in the uplink path is known and steady, use the following calculation
table to determine the gain setting. If the CE features Automatic Gain Control the attenuator
should be set to zero and if not, then the attenuation setting for both uplink and downlink
should be similar.
UPLINK CALCULATIONS
Parameter
Comments
Input signal level
CE max. o/p power (E)
Gain setting
Required isolation
Donor antenna gain (B)
Donor antenna feeder loss (D)
Effective radiated power (ERP)
E+B-D
Attenuator setting
(CE gain-gain setting)
Value
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
dB
dB
dBm
dB
800MHz Tetra Repeater
User Handbook
Handbook Nō.-55-151501HBK
Issue No:-A
Date:-22/04/2005
Page:-31 of 31

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