ROOTUsers Guide A4

User Manual: Pdf

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Preface
Introduction
- The ROOT Mailing Lists
- Contact Information
- Conventions Used in This Book
- The Framework
  - What Is a Framework?
  - Why Object-Oriented?
- Installing ROOT
- The Organization of the ROOT Framework
- How to Find More Information
  - Class Reference Guide
Getting Started
- Setting the Environment Variables
- Start and Quit a ROOT Session
- Using the GUI
- The ROOT Command Line
- Conventions
- Global Variables
- Environment Setup
- Converting from PAW to ROOT
  - Converting HBOOK/PAW Files
Histograms
- The Histogram Classes
- Creating Histograms
  - Constant or Variable Bin Width
- Bin Numbering
  - Convention
  - Re-binning
- Filling Histograms
  - Automatic Re-binning Option
- Random Numbers and Histograms
- Adding, Dividing, and Multiplying
- Projections
- Drawing Histograms
  - Setting the Style
  - Draw Options
  - Drawing a Sub-range of a 2-D Histogram
  - Superimposing Histograms with Different Scales
  - Statistics Display
  - Setting Line, Fill, Marker, and Text Attributes
  - Setting Tick Marks on the Axis
  - Giving Titles to the X, Y and Z Axis
- Making a Copy of an Histogram
- Normalizing Histograms
- Saving/Reading Histograms to/from a File
- Miscellaneous Operations
- Alphanumeric Bin Labels
  - Option 1: SetBinLabel
  - Option 2: Fill
  - Option 3: TTree::Draw
  - Sort Options
- Histogram Stacks
- TH2Poly
- Profile Histograms
  - Build Options
  - Drawing a Profile without Error Bars
  - Create a Profile from a 2D Histogram
  - Create a Histogram from a Profile
  - Generating a Profile from a TTree
  - 2D Profiles
- Iso Surfaces
- 3D Implicit Functions
- TPie
- The User Interface for Histograms
  - TH1Editor
  - TH2Editor
Graphs
- TGraph
  - Graph Draw Options
- Superimposing Two Graphs
- Graphs with Error Bars
- Graphs with Asymmetric Error Bars
- Graphs with Asymmetric Bent Errors
- TGraphPolar
- TGraph Exclusion Zone
- TGraphQQ
  - Two Datasets
  - One Dataset
- TMultiGraph
- TGraph2D
- TGraph2DErrors
- Fitting a Graph
- Setting the Graph's Axis Title
- Zooming a Graph
- The User Interface for Graphs
Fitting Histograms
- The Fit Method
  - The TH1::Fit Method
  - The TGraph::Fit Method
- The TF1 function class
  - Fit with a Predefined Function
  - Creating User-Defined Functions (TF1)
- Configuring the Fit
- Example of fit: Combining Functions
- Result of the fit
- The Fit Panel
- New ROOT::Fit classes
- The Minimization packages
- MINUIT (Old TMInuit Version)
- Minuit2 Package
- FUMILI Minimization Package
- Neural Networks
A Little C++
- Classes, Methods and Constructors
- Inheritance and Data Encapsulation
  - Method Overriding
  - Data Encapsulation
- Creating Objects on the Stack and Heap
The C++ Interpreter Cling
- The ROOT Prompt
- Feeding Sources Files To ROOT: C++ Scripts
  - Executing a Script From a Script
  - Executing a Script From the Invocation
- C++ Extensions To Ease Scripting
- ACLiC: Compiling Scripts Into Libraries
- Classes Defined By Scripts
- Inspecting Objects
Object Ownership
- Ownership by Current Directory (gDirectory)
- Ownership by the Master TROOT Object (gROOT)
  - The Collection of Specials
  - Access to the Collection Contents
- Ownership by Other Objects
- Ownership by the User
  - The kCanDelete Bit
  - The kMustCleanup Bit
Graphics and the Graphical User Interface
- Drawing Objects
- Interacting with Graphical Objects
- Graphical Containers: Canvas and Pad
- Graphical Objects
- Axis
- Graphical Objects Attributes
- The Graphics Editor
  - TAxisEditor
  - TPadEditor
- Copy and Paste
  - Using the GUI
  - Programmatically
- Legends
- The PostScript Interface
- The PDF Interface
- Create or Modify a Style
- 3D Viewers
Folders and Tasks
- Folders
- Why Use Folders?
- How to Use Folders
- Tasks
- Execute and Debug Tasks
Input/Output
- The Physical Layout of ROOT Files
- The Logical ROOT File: TFile and TKey
- Streamers
- Pointers and References in Persistency
- Schema Evolution
- Migrating to ROOT 3
- Compression and Performance
- Remotely Access to ROOT Files via a rootd
- Reading ROOT Files via Apache Web Server
  - Using the General Open Function of TFile
- XML Interface
Trees
- Why Should You Use a Tree?
- A Simple TTree
- Show an Entry with TTree::Show
- Print the Tree Structure with TTree::Print
- Scan a Variable the Tree with TTree::Scan
- The Tree Viewer
- Creating and Saving Trees
  - Creating a Tree from a Folder Hierarchy
  - Tree and TRef Objects
  - Autosave
  - Trees with Circular Buffers
  - Size of TTree in the File
  - User Info Attached to a TTree Object
  - Indexing a Tree
- Branches
- Adding a Branch to Hold a List of Variables
- Adding a TBranch to Hold an Object
  - Setting the Split-level
  - Exempt a Data Member from Splitting
  - Adding a Branch to Hold a TClonesArray
  - Identical Branch Names
- Adding a Branch with a Folder
- Adding a Branch with a Collection
- Examples for Writing and Reading Trees
- Example 1: A Tree with Simple Variables
  - Writing the Tree
  - Viewing the Tree
  - Reading the Tree
- Example 2: A Tree with a C Structure
  - Writing the Tree
  - Analysis
- Example 3: Adding Friends to Trees
  - Adding a Branch to an Existing Tree
  - TTree::AddFriend
- Example 4: A Tree with an Event Class
  - The Event Class
  - The EventHeader Class
  - The Track Class
  - Writing the Tree
  - Reading the Tree
- Example 5: Import an ASCII File into a TTree
- Trees in Analysis
- Simple Analysis Using TTree::Draw
  - Using Selection with TTree:Draw
  - Using TCut Objects in TTree::Draw
  - Accessing the Histogram in Batch Mode
  - Using Draw Options in TTree::Draw
  - Superimposing Two Histograms
  - Setting the Range in TTree::Draw
  - TTree::Draw Examples
  - Multiple variables visualisation
  - Using TTree::Scan
  - TEventList and TEntryList
  - Filling a Histogram
- Using TTree::MakeClass
  - Creating a Class with MakeClass
  - MyClass.h
  - MyClass.C
  - Modifying MyClass::Loop
  - Loading MyClass
- Using TTree::MakeSelector
  - Performance Benchmarks
- Impact of Compression on I/O
- Chains
  - TChain::AddFriend
Math Libraries in ROOT
- MathCore Library
- MathMore Library
- TMath
- Random Numbers
- Mathematical Functions
- Numerical Algorithms
- ROOT::Math Function interfaces
- Numerical Integration
- Function Derivation
- Numerical Minimization
  - One-Dimensional Minimization
  - Multi-Dimensional Minimization
- ROOT Finder Algorithms
- Generic Vectors for 2, 3 and 4 Dimensions (GenVector)
- Linear Algebra: SMatrix Package
- ROOT Statistics Classes
Linear Algebra in ROOT
- Overview of Matrix Classes
- Matrix Properties
  - Accessing Properties
  - Setting Properties
- Creating and Filling a Matrix
- Matrix Operators and Methods
- Matrix Views
  - View Operators
  - View Examples
- Matrix Decompositions
- Matrix Eigen Analysis
- Speed Comparisons
Adding a Class
- The Role of TObject
- Motivation
  - Template Support
- The Default Constructor
- rootcling: The Cling Dictionary Generator
  - Dictionaries for STL
- Adding a Class with a Shared Library
  - The LinkDef.h File
- genreflex: A Comfortable Interface to rootcling
  - The ROOT::Meta::Selection namespace
- Adding a Class with ACLiC
Collection Classes
- Understanding Collections
- Iterators: Processing a Collection
- Foundation Classes
- A Collectable Class
- The TIter Generic Iterator
- The TList Collection
  - Iterating Over a TList
- The TObjArray Collection
- TClonesArray An Array of Identical Objects
  - The Idea Behind TClonesArray
- Template Containers and STL
Physics Vectors
- The Physics Vector Classes
- TVector3
- TRotation
- TLorentzVector
- TLorentzRotation
The Geometry Package
- Quick Start: Creating the ``world''
  - Example 1: Creating the World
  - Example 2: A Geometrical Hierarchy Look and Feel
- Materials and Tracking Media
- Shapes
- Geometry Creation
- Navigation and Tracking
- Checking the Geometry
  - The Overlap Checker
  - Graphical Checking Methods
- The Drawing Package
- Representing Misalignments of the Ideal Geometry
  - Physical Nodes
- Geometry I/O
  - GDML
- Navigation Algorithms
  - Finding the State Corresponding to a Location (x,y,z)
  - Finding the Distance to Next Crossed Boundary
- Geometry Graphical User Interface
Python and Ruby Interfaces
- PyROOT Overview
- How to Use ROOT with Ruby
  - Building and Installing the Ruby Module
The Tutorials and Tests
- $ROOTSYS/tutorials
- $ROOTSYS/test
Example Analysis
- Explanation
- Script
Networking
- Setting-up a Connection
- Sending Objects over the Network
- Closing the Connection
- A Server with Multiple Sockets
Threads
- Threads and Processes
- Implementation of Threads in ROOT
- Advanced TThread: Launching a Method in a Thread
  - Known Problems
- The Signals of ROOT
- Glossary
PROOF: Parallel Processing
Writing a Graphical User Interface
- The ROOT GUI Classes
- Widgets and Frames
- TVirtualX
- A Simple Example
  - A Standalone Version
- Widgets Overview
- Layout Management
- Event Processing: Signals and Slots
- Widgets in Detail
- The ROOT Graphics Editor (GED)
  - Object Editors
  - Editor Design Elements
- Drag and Drop
  - Drag and Drop Data Class
  - Handling Drag and Drop Events
ROOT/Qt Integration Interfaces
- Qt-ROOT Implementation of TVirtualX Interface (BNL)
- GSI QtROOT
  - Create a New Project in the Designer
  - main()
Automatic HTML Documentation
- Reference Guide
  - Product and Module Documentation
- Converting Sources (and Other Files) to HTML
- Special Documentation Elements: Directives
  - Latex Directive
  - Macro Directive
- Customizing HTML
- Tutorial
Appendix A: Install and Build ROOT
- License
- Installing ROOT
- Choosing a Version
- Installing Precompiled Binaries
- Installing the Source
  - Installing and Building the Source from a Compressed File
  - More Build Options
- File system.rootrc
- Documentation to Download

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