Pismolabs Technology P1AC8 Pepwave / Peplink / Pismo Labs Wireless Product User Manual Part 3

Pismo Labs Technology Limited Pepwave / Peplink / Pismo Labs Wireless Product Part 3

User Manual Part 3

Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 110 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 16 Inbound Access 16.1 Port Forwarding Service Pepwave routers can act as a firewall that blocks, by default, all inbound access from the Internet. By using port forwarding, Internet users can access servers behind the Pepwave router. Inbound port forwarding rules can be defined at Advanced>Port Forwarding. To define a new service, click Add Service. Port Forwarding Settings Enable This setting specifies whether the inbound service takes effect. When Enable is checked, the inbound service takes effect: traffic is matched and actions are taken by the Pepwave router based on the other parameters of the rule. When this setting is disabled, the inbound service does not take effect: the Pepwave router disregards the other parameters of the rule. Service Name This setting identifies the service to the system administrator. Valid values for this setting consist of only alphanumeric and underscore “_” characters. IP Protocol The IP Protocol setting, along with the Port setting, specifies the protocol of the service as TCP, UDP, ICMP, or IP. Traffic that is received by the Pepwave router via the specified protocol at the specified port(s) is forwarded to the LAN hosts specified by the Servers setting. Please see below for details on the Port and Servers settings. Alternatively, the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu can be used to automatically fill in the protocol and a single port number of common Internet services (e.g. HTTP, HTTPS, etc.). After selecting an item from the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu, the protocol and port number remain manually modifiable.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 111 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Port The Port setting specifies the port(s) that correspond to the service, and can be configured to behave in one of the following manners: Any Port, Single Port, Port Range, Port Map, and Range Mapping Any Port: all traffic that is received by the Pepwave router via the specified protocol is forwarded to the servers specified by the Servers setting. For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Any Port, all TCP traffic is forwarded to the configured servers. Single Port: traffic that is received by the Pepwave router via the specified protocol at the specified port is forwarded via the same port to the servers specified by the Servers setting. For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Single Port and Service Port 80, TCP traffic received on port 80 is forwarded to the configured servers via port 80. Port Range: traffic that is received by the Pepwave router via the specified protocol at the specified port range is forwarded via the same respective ports to the LAN hosts specified by the Servers setting. For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Port Range and Service Ports 80-88, TCP traffic received on ports 80 through 88 is forwarded to the configured servers via the respective ports. Port Mapping: traffic that is received by Pepwave router via the specified protocol at the specified port is forwarded via a different port to the servers specified by the Servers setting. For example, with IP Protocol set to TCP, and Port set to Port Mapping, Service Port 80, and Map to Port 88, TCP traffic on port 80 is forwarded to the configured servers via port 88. (Please see below for details on the Servers setting.) Range Mapping: traffic that is received by the Pepwave router via the specified protocol at the specified port range is forwarded via a different port to the servers specified by the Servers setting. Inbound IP Address(es) This setting specifies the WAN connections and Internet IP address(es) from which the service can be accessed. Server IP Address This setting specifies the LAN IP address of the server that handles the requests for the service.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 112 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 16.1.1 UPnP / NAT-PMP Settings UPnP and NAT-PMP are network protocols which allow a computer connected to the LAN port to automatically configure the router to allow parties on the WAN port to connect to itself. That way, the process of inbound port forwarding becomes automated. When a computer creates a rule using these protocols, the specified TCP/UDP port of all WAN connections' default IP address will be forwarded. Check the corresponding box(es) to enable UPnP and/or NAT-PMP. Enable these features only if you trust the computers connected to the LAN ports. When the options are enabled, a table listing all the forwarded ports under these two protocols can be found at Status>UPnP / NAT-PMP.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 113 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 17 NAT Mappings NAT mappings allow IP address mapping of all inbound and outbound NAT’dt raffic to and from an internal client IP address. Settings to configure NAT mappings are located at Advanced>NAT Mappings. To add a rule for NAT mappings, click Add NAT Rule. NAT Mapping Settings LAN Client(s) NAT mapping rules can be defined for a single LAN IP Address, an IP Range, or an IP Network. Address This refers to the LAN host’s private IP address. The system maps this address to a number of public IP addresses (specified below) in order to facilitate inbound and outbound traffic. This option is only available when IP Address is selected. Range The IP range is a contiguous group of private IP addresses used by the LAN host. The system maps these addresses to a number of public IP addresses (specified below) to facilitate outbound traffic. This option is only available when IP Range is selected. Network The IP network refers to all private IP addresses and ranges managed by the LAN host. The system maps these addresses to a number of public IP addresses (specified below) to facilitate outbound traffic. This option is only available when IP Network is selected.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 114 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Inbound Mappings This setting specifies the WAN connections and corresponding WAN-specific Internet IP addresses on which the system should bind. Any access to the specified WAN connection(s) and IP address(es) will be forwarded to the LAN host. This option is only available when IP Address is selected in the LAN Client(s) field. Note that inbound mapping is not needed for WAN connections in drop-in mode or IP forwarding mode. Also note that each WAN IP address can be associated to one NAT mapping only. Outbound Mappings This setting specifies the WAN IP addresses that should be used when an IP connection is made from a LAN host to the Internet. Each LAN host in an IP range or IP network will be evenly mapped to one of each selected WAN's IP addresses (for better IP address utilization) in a persistent manner (for better application compatibility). Note that if you do not want to use a specific WAN for outgoing accesses, you should still choose default here, then customize the outbound access rule in the Outbound Policy section. Also note that WAN connections in drop-in mode or IP forwarding mode are not shown here. Click Save to save the settings when configuration has been completed. Important Note Inbound firewall rules override the Inbound Mappings settings.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 115 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 18 QoS 18.1 User Groups LAN and PPTP clients can be categorized into three user groups: Manager, Staff, and Guest. This menu allows you to define rules and assign client IP addresses or subnets to a user group. You can apply different bandwidth and traffic prioritization policies on each user group in the Bandwidth Control and Application sections (note that the options available here vary by model). The table is automatically sorted by rule precedence. The smaller and more specific subnets are put towards the top of the table and have higher precedence; larger and less specific subnets are placed towards the bottom. Click the Add button to define clients and their user group. Click the button to remove the defined rule. Two default rules are pre-defined and put at the bottom. They are All DHCP reservation clients and Everyone, and they cannot be removed. The All DHCP reservation client represents the LAN clients defined in the DHCP Reservation table on the LAN settings page. Everyone represents all clients that are not defined in any rule above. Click on a rule to change its group. Add / Edit User Group Subnet / IP Address From the drop-down menu, choose whether you are going to define the client(s) by an IP Address or a Subnet. If IP Address is selected, enter a name defined in DHCP reservation table or a LAN client's IP address. If Subnet is selected, enter a subnet address and specify its subnet mask. Group This field is to define which User Group the specified subnet / IP address belongs to. Once users have been assigned to a user group, their internet traffic will be restricted by rules defined for that particular group. Please refer to the following two sections for details.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 116 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 18.2 Bandwidth Control You can define a maximum download speed (over all WAN connections) and upload speed (for each WAN connection) that each individual Staff and Guest member can consume. No limit can be imposed on individual Manager members. By default, download and upload bandwidth limits are set to unlimited (set as 0). 18.3 Application 18.3.1 Application Prioritization On many Pepwave routers, you can choose whether to apply the same prioritization settings to all user groups or customize the settings for each group. Three application priority levels can be set: ↑↑↑↑High,━━━━ Normal, and↓↓↓↓Low. Pepwave routers can detect various application traffic types by inspecting the packet content. Select an application by choosing a supported application, or by defining a custom application manually. The priority preference of supported applications is placed at the top of the table. Custom applications are at the bottom.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 117 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 18.3.2 Prioritization for Custom Applications Click the Add button to define a custom application. Click the button in the Action column to delete the custom application in the corresponding row. When Supported Applications is selected, the Pepwave router will inspect network traffic and prioritize the selected applications. Alternatively, you can select Custom Applications and define the application by providing the protocol, scope, port number, and DSCP value. 18.3.3 DSL/Cable Optimization DSL/cable-based WAN connections have lower upload bandwidth and higher download bandwidth. When a DSL/cable circuit's uplink is congested, the download bandwidth will be affected. Users will not be able to download data at full speed until the uplink becomes less congested. DSL/Cable Optimization can relieve such an issue. When it is enabled, the download speed will become less affected by the upload traffic. By default, this feature is enabled.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 118 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 19 Firewall A firewall is a mechanism that selectively filters data traffic between the WAN side (the Internet) and the LAN side of the network. It can protect the local network from potential hacker attacks, access to offensive websites, and/or other inappropriate uses. The firewall functionality of Pepwave routers supports the selective filtering of data traffic in both directions:  Outbound (LAN to WAN)  Inbound (WAN to LAN) The firewall also supports the following functionality:  Intrusion detection and DoS prevention  Web blocking With SpeedFusionTM enabled, the firewall rules also apply to VPN tunneled traffic. 19.1 Outbound and Inbound Firewall Rules 19.1.1 Access Rules The outbound firewall settings are located at Advanced>Firewall>Access Rules>Outbound Firewall Rules.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 119 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Click Add Rule to display the following screen: Inbound firewall settings are located at Advanced>Firewall>Access Rules>Inbound Firewall Rules. Click Add Rule to display the following screen: Rules are matched from top to bottom. If a connection matches any one of the upper rules, the matching process will stop. If none of the rules match, the Default rule will be applied. By default, the Default rule is set as Allow for both outbound and inbound access.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 120 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Inbound / Outbound Firewall Settings Rule Name This setting specifies a name for the firewall rule. Enable This setting specifies whether the firewall rule should take effect. If the box is checked, the firewall rule takes effect. If the traffic matches the specified protocol/IP/port, actions will be taken by the Pepwave router based on the other parameters of the rule. If the box is not checked, the firewall rule does not take effect. The Pepwave router will disregard the other parameters of the rule. Click the dropdown menu next to the checkbox to place this firewall rule on a time schedule. WAN Connection (Inbound) Select the WAN connection that this firewall rule should apply to. Protocol This setting specifies the protocol to be matched. Via a drop-down menu, the following protocols can be specified: • TCP • UDP • ICMP • IP Alternatively, the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu can be used to automatically fill in the protocol and port number of common Internet services (e.g., HTTP, HTTPS, etc.) After selecting an item from the Protocol Selection Tool drop-down menu, the protocol and port number remains manually modifiable. Source IP & Port This specifies the source IP address(es) and port number(s) to be matched for the firewall rule. A single address, or a network, can be specified as the Source IP & Port setting, as indicated by the following screenshot: In addition, a single port, or a range of ports, can be specified for the Source IP & Port settings. Destination IP & Port This specifies the destination IP address(es) and port number(s) to be matched for the firewall rule. A single address, or a network, can be specified as the Destination IP & Port setting, as indicated by the following screenshot: In addition, a single port, or a range of ports, can be specified for the Destination IP & Port settings. Action This setting specifies the action to be taken by the router upon encountering traffic that matches the both of the following: • Source IP & port • Destination IP & port With the value of Allow for the Action setting, the matching traffic passes through the router (to be routed to the destination). If the value of the Action setting is set to Deny, the matching traffic does not pass through the router (and is discarded).
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 121 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Event Logging This setting specifies whether or not to log matched firewall events. The logged messages are shown on the page Status>Event Log. A sample message is as follows: Aug 13 23:47:44 Denied CONN=Ethernet WAN SRC=20.3.2.1 DST=192.168.1.20 LEN=48 PROTO=TCP SPT=2260 DPT=80 • CONN: The connection where the log entry refers to • SRC: Source IP address • DST: Destination IP address • LEN: Packet length • PROTO: Protocol • SPT: Source port • DPT: Destination port Click Save to store your changes. To create an additional firewall rule, click Add Rule and repeat the above steps. To change a rule’s priority, simply drag and drop the rule: • Hold the left mouse button on the rule. • Move it to the desired position. • Drop it by releasing the mouse button. Tip If the default inbound rule is set to Allow for NAT-enabled WANs, no inbound Allow firewall rules will be required for inbound port forwarding and inbound NAT mapping rules. However, if the default inbound rule is set as Deny, a corresponding Allow firewall rule will be required.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 122 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 19.1.2 Apply Firewall Rules to PepVpn Traffic When this option is enabled, Outbound Firewall Rules will be applied to PepVPN traffic. To turn on this feature, click , check the Enable check box, and press the Save button. 19.1.3 Intrusion Detection and DoS Prevention Pepwave routers can detect and prevent intrusions and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks from the Internet. To turn on this feature, click , check the Enable check box, and press the Save button. When this feature is enabled, the Pepwave router will detect and prevent the following kinds of intrusions and denial-of-service attacks. • Port scan o NMAP FIN/URG/PSH o Xmas tree o Another Xmas tree o Null scan o SYN/RST o SYN/FIN • SYN flood prevention • Ping flood attack prevention
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 123 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 19.2 Content Blocking 19.2.1 Application Blocking Choose applications to be blocked from LAN/PPTP/PepVPN peer clients' access, except for those on the Exempted User Groups or Exempted Subnets defined below. 19.2.2 Web Blocking Defines web site domain names to be blocked from LAN/PPTP/PepVPN peer clients' access except for those on the Exempted User Groups or Exempted Subnets defined below.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 124 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave If "foobar.com" is entered, any web site with a host name ending in foobar.com will be blocked, e.g. www.foobar.com, foobar.com, etc. However, "myfoobar.com" will not be blocked. You may enter the wild card ".*" at the end of a domain name to block any web site with a host name having the domain name in the middle. If you enter "foobar.*", then "www.foobar.com", "www.foobar.co.jp", or "foobar.co.uk" will be blocked. Placing the wild card in any other position is not supported. The device will inspect and look for blocked domain names on all HTTP traffic. Secure web (HTTPS) traffic is not supported. 19.2.3 Customized Domains Enter an appropriate website address, and the Peplink Balance will block and disallow LAN/PPTP/SpeedFusionTM peer clients to access these websites. Exceptions can be added using the instructions in Sections 20.1.3.2 and 20.1.3.3. You may enter the wild card ".*" at the end of a domain name to block any web site with a host name having the domain name in the middle. For example, If you enter "foobar.*," then "www.foobar.com," "www.foobar.co.jp," or "foobar.co.uk" will be blocked. Placing the wild card in any other position is not supported. The Peplink Balance will inspect and look for blocked domain names on all HTTP traffic. Secure web (HTTPS) traffic is not supported. 19.2.4 Exempted User Groups Check and select pre-defined user group(s) who can be exempted from the access blocking rules. User groups can be defined at QoS>User Groups section. Please refer to Section 17.1 for details. 19.2.5 Exempted Subnets With the subnet defined in the field, clients on the particular subnet(s) can be exempted from the access blocking rules. 19.2.6 URL Logging Click enable, and the enter the ip address and port (if applicable) where your remote syslog server is located. 19.3 OSPF & RIPv2 The Peplink Balance supports OSPF and RIPv2 dynamic routing protocols. Click the Network tab from the top bar, and then click the OSPF & RIPv2 item on the sidebar to reach the following menu:
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 125 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave OSPF Router ID This field determines the ID of the router. By default, this is specified as the LAN IP address. If you want to specify your own ID, enter it in the Custom field. Area This is an overview of the OSPFv2 areas you have defined. Click on the area name to configure it. To set a new area, click Add. To delete an existing area, click . OSPF Settings Area ID Determine the name of your Area ID to apply to this group. Machines linked to this group will send and receive related OSPF packets, while unlinked machines will ignore it. Link Type Choose the network type that this area will use. Authentication Choose an authentication method, if one is used, from this drop-down menu. Available options are MD5 and Text. Enter the authentication key next to the drop-down menu. Interfaces Determine which interfaces this area will use to listen to and deliver OSPF packets
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 126 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave To access RIPv2 settings, click . RIPv2 Settings Authentication Choose an authentication method, if one is used, from this drop-down menu. Available options are MD5 and Text. Enter the authentication key next to the drop-down menu. Interfaces Determine which interfaces this group will use to listen to and deliver RIPv2 packets. 19.4 Remote User Access a Networks routed by a Peplink Balance can be remotely accessed via L2TP with IPsec or PPTP. To configure this feature, navigate to Network > Remote User Access
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 127 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Remote User Access Settings Enable Click the checkbox to enable Remote User Access. VPN Type Determine whether remote devices can connect to the Balance using L2TP with IPsec or PPTP. For greater security, we recommend you connect using L2TP with IPsec. Preshared Key Enter your preshared key in the text field. Please note that remote devices will need this preshared key to access the Balance. Listen On This setting is for specifying the WAN IP addresses where the PPTP server of the router should listen on. User Accounts This setting allows you to define the PPTP User Accounts. Click Add to input username and password to create an account. After adding the user accounts, you can click on a username to edit the account password. Click the button X to delete the account in its corresponding row. Click the button to switch to enters user accounts by pasting the information in.CSV format.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 128 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Miscellaneous Settings The miscellaneous settings include configuration for high availability, PPTP server, service forwarding, and service passthrough. 19.5 High Availability Many Pepwave routers support high availability (HA) configurations via an open standard virtual router redundancy protocol (VRRP, RFC 3768). In an HA configuration, two Pepwave routers provide redundancy and failover in a master-slave arrangement. In the event that the master unit is down, the slave unit becomes active. High availability will be disabled automatically where there is a drop-in connection configured on a LAN bypass port. In the diagram, the WAN ports of each Pepwave router connect to the router and to the modem. Both Pepwave routers connect to the same LAN switch via a LAN port. An elaboration on the technical details of the implementation of the virtual router redundancy protocol (VRRP, RFC 3768) by Pepwave routers follows:  In an HA configuration, the two Pepwave routers communicate with each other using VRRP over the LAN.  The two Pepwave routers broadcast heartbeat signals to the LAN at a frequency of one heartbeat signal per second.  In the event that no heartbeat signal from the master Pepwave router is received in 3 seconds (or longer) since the last heartbeat signal, the slave Pepwave router becomes active.  The slave Pepwave router initiates the WAN connections and binds to a previously configured LAN IP address.  At a subsequent point when the master Pepwave router recovers, it will once again become active.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 129 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave You can configure high availability at Advanced>Misc. Settings>High Availability. Interface for Master Router Interface for Slave Router High Availability Enable Checking this box specifies that the Pepwave router is part of a high availability configuration. Group Number This number identifies a pair of Pepwave routers operating in a high availability configuration. The two Pepwave routers in the pair must have the same Group Number value. Preferred Role This setting specifies whether the Pepwave router operates in master or slave mode. Click the corresponding radio button to set the role of the unit. One of the units in the pair must be configured as the master, and the other unit must be configured as the slave. Resume Master Role Upon Recovery This option is displayed when Master mode is selected in Preferred Role. If this option is enabled, once the device has recovered from an outage, it will take over and resume its Master role from the slave unit. Configuration Sync. This option is displayed when Slave mode is selected in Preferred Role. If this option is enabled and the Master Serial Number entered matches with the actual master unit's, the master unit will automatically transfer the configuration to this unit. Please make sure the LAN IP Address and the Subnet Mask fields are set correctly in the LAN settings page. You can refer to the Event Log for the configuration synchronization status. Master Serial Number If Configuration Sync. is checked, the serial number of the master unit is required here for the feature to work properly. Virtual IP The HA pair must share the same Virtual IP. The Virtual IP and the LAN Administration IP must be under the same network. LAN Administration IP This setting specifies a LAN IP address to be used for accessing administration functionality. This address should be unique within the LAN. Subnet Mask This setting specifies the subnet mask of the LAN.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 130 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Important Note For Pepwave routers in NAT mode, the virtual IP (VIP) should be set as the default gateway for all hosts on the LAN segment. For example, a firewall sitting behind the Pepwave router should set its default gateway as the virtual IP instead of the IP of the master router. In drop-in mode, no other configuration needs to be set. Please note that the drop-in WAN cannot be configured as a LAN bypass port while it is configured for high availability.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 131 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 19.6 PPTP Server Pepwave routers feature a built-in PPTP server, which enables remote computers to conveniently and securely access the local network. PPTP server settings are located at Advanced>Misc. Settings>PPTP Server. Check the box to enable PPTP server functionality. All connected PPTP sessions are displayed at Status>Client List. Please refer to Section 22.3 for details. Note that available options vary by model.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 132 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave PPTP Server Settings Listen On This setting is for specifying the WAN connection(s) and IP address(es) that the PPTP server should listen on. Authentication This setting is for specifying the user database source for PPTP authentication. Three sources can be selected: Local User Accounts, LDAP Server, or RADIUS Server. Local User Accounts - User accounts are stored in the Pepwave router locally. You can add/modify/delete accounts in the User Accounts table. LDAP Server - Authenticate with an external LDAP server. This has been tested with Open LDAP servers where passwords are NTLM hashed. Active Directory is not supported. (You can choose to use RADIUS to authenticate with a Windows server.) RADIUS Server - Authenticate with an external RADIUS server. This has been tested with Microsoft Windows Internet Authentication Service and FreeRADIUS servers where passwords are NTLM hashed or in plain text. User Accounts This setting allows you to define PPTP user accounts for authentication via local user accounts. Click Add to input username and password to create an account. After adding the user accounts, you can click on a username to edit the account password. Click to delete the account in its corresponding row. 19.7 Certificate Manager This section allows you to assign certificates for local VPN and web admin SSL. The local keys will not be transferred to another device by any means. 19.8 Service Forwarding Service forwarding settings are located at Advanced>Misc. Settings>Service Forwarding. Service Forwarding SMTP Forwarding When this option is enabled, all outgoing SMTP connections destined for any host at TCP port 25 will be intercepted. These connections will be redirected to a specified SMTP server and port number. SMTP server settings for each WAN can be specified
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 133 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave after selecting Enable. Web Proxy Forwarding When this option is enabled, all outgoing connections destined for the proxy server specified in Web Proxy Interception Settings will be intercepted. These connections will be redirected to a specified web proxy server and port number. Web proxy interception settings and proxy server settings for each WAN can be specified after selecting Enable. DNS Forwarding When this option is enabled, all outgoing DNS lookups will be intercepted and redirected to the built-in DNS name server. If any LAN device is using the DNS name servers of a WAN connection, you may want to enable this option to enhance the DNS availability without modifying the DNS server setting of the clients. The built-in DNS name server will distribute DNS lookups to corresponding DNS servers of all available WAN connections. In this case, DNS service will not be interrupted, even if any WAN connection is down. Custom Service Forwarding When custom service forwarding is enabled, outgoing traffic with the specified TCP port will be forwarded to a local or remote server by defining its IP address and port number. 19.8.1 SMTP Forwarding Some ISPs require their users to send e-mails via the ISP’s SMTP server. All outgoing SMTP connections are blocked except those connecting to the ISP’s. Pepwave routers support intercepting and redirecting all outgoing SMTP connections (destined for TCP port 25) via a WAN connection to the WAN’s corresponding SMTP server. To enable the feature, select Enable under SMTP Forwarding Setup. Check Enable Forwarding for the WAN connection(s) that needs forwarding. Under SMTP Server, enter the ISP’s e-mail server host name or IP address. Under SMTP Port, enter the TCP port number for each WAN. The Pepwave router will intercept SMTP connections. Choose a WAN port according to the outbound policy, and then forward the connection to the SMTP server if the chosen WAN has enabled forwarding. If the forwarding is disabled for a WAN connection, SMTP connections for the WAN will be simply be forwarded to the connection’s original destination. Note If you want to route all SMTP connections only to particular WAN connection(s), you should create a custom rule
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 134 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave in outbound policy (see Section 14.2). 19.8.2 Web Proxy Forwarding When this feature is enabled, the Pepwave router will intercept all outgoing connections destined for the proxy server specified in Web Proxy Interception Settings, choose a WAN connection with reference to the outbound policy, and then forward them to the specified web proxy server and port number. Redirected server settings for each WAN can be set here. If forwarding is disabled for a WAN, web proxy connections for the WAN will be simply forwarded to the connection’s original destination. 19.8.3 DNS Forwarding When DNS forwarding is enabled, all clients’ outgoing DNS requests will also be intercepted and forwarded to the built-in DNS proxy server. 19.8.4 Custom Service Forwarding After clicking the enable checkbox, enter your TCP port for traffic heading to the router, and then specify the IP Address and Port of the server you wish to forward to the service to.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 135 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 19.9 Service Passthrough Service passthrough settings can be found at Advanced>Misc. Settings>Service Passthrough. Some Internet services need to be specially handled in a multi-WAN environment. Pepwave routers can handle these services such that Internet applications do not notice being behind a multi-WAN router. Settings for service passthrough support are available here. Service Passthrough Support SIP Session initiation protocol, aka SIP, is a voice-over-IP protocol. The Pepwave router can act as a SIP application layer gateway (ALG) which binds connections for the same SIP session to the same WAN connection and translate IP address in the SIP packets correctly in NAT mode. Such passthrough support is always enabled, and there are two modes for selection: Standard Mode and Compatibility Mode. If your SIP server’s signal port number is non-standard, you can check the box Define custom signal ports and input the port numbers to the text boxes. H.323 With this option enabled, protocols that provide audio-visual communication sessions will be defined on any packet network and pass through the Pepwave router. FTP FTP sessions consist of two TCP connections; one for control and one for data. In a multi-WAN situation, they must be routed to the same WAN connection. Otherwise, problems will arise in transferring files. By default, the Pepwave router monitors TCP control connections on port 21 for any FTP connections and binds TCP connections of the same FTP session to the same WAN. If you have an FTP server listening on a port number other than 21, you can check Define custom control ports and enter the port numbers in the text boxes. TFTP The Pepwave router monitors outgoing TFTP connections and routes any incoming TFTP data packets back to the client. Select Enable if you want to enable TFTP passthrough support. IPsec NAT-T This field is for enabling the support of IPsec NAT-T passthrough. UDP ports 500, 4500, and 10000 are monitored by default. You may add more custom data ports that your IPsec system uses by checking Define custom ports. If the VPN contains IPsec site-to-site VPN traffic, check Route IPsec Site-to-Site VPN and choose the WAN connection
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 136 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave to route the traffic to. 19.10 GPS Forwarding Using the GPS forwarding feature, some Pepwave routers can automatically send GPS reports to a specified server. To set up GPS forwarding, navigate to Advanced>GPS Forwarding. GPS Forwarding Enable Check this box to turn on GPS forwarding. Server Enter the name/IP address of the server that will receive GPS data. Also specify a port number, protocol (UDP or TCP), and a report interval of between 1 and 10 seconds. Click to save these settings. GPS Report Format Choose from NMEA or TAIP format for sending GPS reports. NMEA Sentence Type If you’ve chosen to send GPS reports in NMEA format, select one or more sentence types for sending the data (GPRMC, GPGGA, GPVTG, GPGSA, and GPGSV). Vehicle ID The vehicle ID will be appended in the last field of the NMEA sentence. Note that the NMEA sentence will become customized and non-standard. TAIP Sentence Type/TAIP ID (optional) If you’ve chosen to send GPS reports in TAIP format, select one or more sentence types for sending the data (PV—Position / Velocity Solution and CP—Compact Velocity Solution). You can also optionally include an ID number in the TAIP ID field.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 137 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 20 AP Controller The AP controller acts as a centralized controller of Pepwave AP devices. With this feature, users can customize and manage multiple APs from a single Pepwave router interface. Special Note Each Pepwave router can control a limited number of routers without additional cost. To manage more, a Full Edition license is required. Please contact your Authorized Reseller or the Peplink Sales Team for more information and pricing details. To configure, navigate to the AP tab. 20.1 Wireless SSID This menu is the first one that appears after clicking the AP tab. This screen can also be reached by clicking AP>Wireless SSID. Note the appearance of this screen varies by model. AP Controller AP Management The AP controller for managing Pepwave APs can be enabled by checking this box. When this option is enabled, the AP controller will wait for management connections originating from APs over the LAN on TCP and UDP port 11753. It will also wait for captive portal connections on TCP port 443. An extended DHCP option, CAPWAP Access Controller addresses (field 138), will be added to the DHCP server. A local DNS record, AP Controller, will be added to the local DNS proxy. Permitted AP Access points to manage can be specified here. If Any is selected, the AP controller will manage any AP that reports to it. If Approved List is selected, only APs with serial numbers listed in the provided text box will be managed.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 138 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Current SSID information appears in the SSID section. To edit an existing SSID, click its name in the list. To add a new SSID, click Add. Note that the following settings vary by model. SSID Settings SSID This setting specifies the SSID of the virtual AP to be scanned by Wi-Fi clients. Enable Select Yes to enable the virtual AP. VLAN ID This setting specifies the VLAN ID to be tagged on all outgoing packets generated from this wireless network (i.e., packets that travel from the Wi-Fi segment through the Pepwave AP One unit to the Ethernet segment via the LAN port). The default value of this setting is 0, which means VLAN tagging is disabled (instead of tagged with zero). Broadcast SSID This setting specifies whether or not Wi-Fi clients can scan the SSID of this wireless network. Broadcast SSID is enabled by default. Data Rate A Select Auto to allow the Pepwave router to set the data rate automatically, or select Fixed and choose a rate from the displayed drop-down menu. Multicast FilterA This setting enables the filtering of multicast network traffic to the wireless SSID.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 139 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Multicast RateA This setting specifies the transmit rate to be used for sending multicast network traffic. The selected Protocol and Channel Bonding settings will affect the rate options and values available here. IGMP Snooping A To allow the Pepwave router to listen to internet group management protocol (IGMP) network traffic, select this option. DHCP Option 82 A If you use a distributed DHCP server/relay environment, you can enable this option to provide additional information on the manner in which clients are physically connected to the network. Network Priority (QoS) A Select from Gold, Silver, and Bronze to control the QoS priority of this wireless network’s traffic. Layer 2 Isolation A Layer 2 refers to the second layer in the ISO Open System Interconnect model. When this option is enabled, clients on the same VLAN, SSID, or subnet are isolated to that VLAN, SSID, or subnet, which can enhance security. Traffic is passed to upper communication layer(s). By default, the setting is disabled. Band Steering A Band steering allows the Pepwave router to steer AP clients from the 2.4GHz band to the 5GHz band for better usage of bandwidth. To make steering mandatory, select Enforce. To cause the Pepwave router to preferentially choose steering, select Prefer. The default for this setting is Disable. A - Advanced feature. Click the button on the top right-hand corner to activate. Security Settings Security Policy This setting configures the wireless authentication and encryption methods. Available options are Open (No Encryption), WPA/WPA2 - Personal, WPA/WPA2 – Enterprise and Static WEP. Access Control Restricted Mode The settings allow administrator to control access using MAC address filtering. Available options are None, Deny all except listed, Accept all except listed, and RADIUS MAC Authentication. When WPA/WPA2 - Enterprise is configured, RADIUS-based 802.1 x authentication is enabled. Under this configuration, the Shared Key option should be disabled. When using
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 140 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave this method, select the appropriate version using the V1/V2 controls. The security level of this method is known to be very high. When WPA/WPA2- Personal is configured, a shared key is used for data encryption and authentication. When using this configuration, the Shared Key option should be enabled. Key length must be between eight and 63 characters (inclusive). The security level of this method is known to be high. The configuration of Static WEP parameters enables pre-shared WEP key encryption. Authentication is not supported by this method. The security level of this method is known to be weak. MAC Address List Connection coming from the MAC addresses in this list will be either denied or accepted based the option selected in the previous field. RADIUS Server Settings Host Enter the IP address of the primary RADIUS server and, if applicable, the secondary RADIUS server. Secret Enter the RADIUS shared secret for the primary server and, if applicable, the secondary RADIUS server. Authentication Port In field, enter the UDP authentication port(s) used by your RADIUS server(s) or click the Default button to enter 1812. Accounting Port In field, enter the UDP accounting port(s) used by your RADIUS server(s) or click the Default button to enter 1813.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 141 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave 20.2 Settings On many Pepwave models, the AP settings screen (AP>Settings) looks similar to the example below: AP Settings AP Profile Name This field specifies the name of this AP profile. SSID These buttons specify which wireless networks will use this AP profile. You can also select the frequencies at which each network will transmit. Please note that the Peplink Balance does not detect whether the AP is capable of transmitting at both frequencies. Instructions to transmit at unsupported frequencies will be ignored by the AP. Operating This drop-down menu specifies the national / regional regulations which the AP should
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 142 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Country follow. • If a North American region is selected, RF channels 1 to 11 will be available and the maximum transmission power will be 26 dBm (400 mW). • If European region is selected, RF channels 1 to 13 will be available. The maximum transmission power will be 20 dBm (100 mW). NOTE: Users are required to choose an option suitable to local laws and regulations. Per FCC regulation, the country selection is not available on all models marketed in US. All US models are fixed to US channels only. Preferred Frequency These buttons determine the frequency at which access points will attempt to broadcast. This feature will only work for APs that can transmit at both 5.4GHz and 5GHz frequencies. 5 GHz Protocol This section displays the 5 GHz protocols your APs are using. 5GHz Channel Bonding There are three options: 20 MHz, 20/40 MHz, and 40 MHz. With this feature enabled, the Wi-Fi system can use two channels at once. Using two channels improves the performance of the Wi-Fi connection. 5 GHz Channel This drop-down menu selects the 5 GHz 802.11 channel to be utilized. If Auto is set, the system will perform channel scanning based on the scheduled time set and choose the most suitable channel automatically. 2.4 GHz Protocol This section displays the 2.4 GHz protocols your APs are using. 2.4 GHz Channel Bonding There are three options: 20 MHz, 20/40 MHz, and 40 MHz. With this feature enabled, the Wi-Fi system can use two channels at once. Using two channels improves the performance of the Wi-Fi connection. 2.4 GHz Channel This drop-down menu selects the 802.11 channel to be utilized. Available options are from 1 to 11 and from 1 to 13 for the North America region and Europe region, respectively. (Channel 14 is only available when the country is selected as Japan with protocol 802.11b.) If Auto is set, the system will perform channel scanning based on the scheduled time set and choose the most suitable channel automatically. Management VLAN ID This field specifies the VLAN ID to tag to management traffic, such as AP to AP controller communication traffic. The value is 0 by default, meaning that no VLAN tagging will be applied. NOTE: change this value with caution as alterations may result in loss of connection to the AP controller. Operating Schedule Choose from the schedules that you have defined in System>Schedule. Select the schedule for the integrated AP to follow from the drop-down menu. Power BoostA With this option enabled, the AP under this profile will transmit using additional power. Please note that using this option with several APs in close proximity will lead to increased interference. Output PowerA This drop-down menu determines the power at which the AP under this profile will broadcast. When fixed settings are selected, the AP will broadcast at the specified power level, regardless of context. When Dynamic settings are selected, the AP will adjust its power level based on its surrounding APs in order to maximize performance. The Dynamic: Auto setting will set the AP to do this automatically. Otherwise, the Dynamic: Manual setting will set the AP to dynamically adjust only of instructed to do so. If you have set Dynamic:Manual, you can go to AP>Toolbox>Auto Power Adj. to
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 143 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave give your AP further instructions. Max number of ClientsA This field determines the maximum clients that can be connected to APs under this profile. Client Signal Strength ThresholdA This field determines that maximum signal strength each individual client will receive. The measurment unit is megawatts. Beacon RateA This drop-down menu provides the option to send beacons in different transmit bit rates. The bit rates are 1Mbps, 2Mbps, 5.5Mbps, 6Mbps, and 11Mbps. Beacon IntervalA This drop-down menu provides the option to set the time between each beacon send. Available options are 100ms, 250ms, and 500ms. DTIMA This field provides the option to set the frequency for beacon to include delivery traffic indication messages (DTIM). The interval unit is measured in milliseconds. RTS ThresholdA This field provides the option to set the minimum packet size for the unit to send an RTS using the RTS/CTS handshake. Setting 0 disables this feature. Fragmentation ThresholdA Determines the maximum size (in bytes) that each packet fragment will be broken down into. Set 0 to disable fragmentation. Distance/Time ConverterA Select the distance you want your Wi-Fi to cover in order to adjust the below parameters. Default values are recommended. Slot TimeA This field provides the option to modify the unit wait time before it transmits. The default value is 9μs. ACK TimeoutA This field provides the option to set the wait time to receive acknowledgement packet before doing retransmission. The default value is 48μs. Frame AggregationA With this feature enabled, throughput will be increased by sending two or more data frames in a single transmission. Frame Length This field is only available when Frame Aggregation is enabled. It specifies the frame length for frame aggregation. By default, it is set to 50000. A - Advanced feature. Click the button on the top right-hand corner to activate. Web Administration Settings
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 144 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Enable Check the box to allow the Pepwave router to manage the web admin access information of the AP. Web Access Protocol These buttons specify the web access protocol used for accessing the web admin of the AP. The two available options are HTTP and HTTPS. Management Port This field specifies the management port used for accessing the device. HTTP to HTTPS Redirection This option will be available if you have chosen HTTPS as the Web Access Protocol. With this enabled, any HTTP access to the web admin will redirect to HTTPS automatically. Admin User Name This field specifies the administrator username of the web admin. It is set as admin by default. Admin Password This field allows you to specify a new administrator password. You may also click the Generate button and let the system generate a random password automatically. Navigating to AP>Settings on some Pepwave models displays a screen similar to the one shown below:
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 145 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Wi-Fi Radio Settings Operating Country This option sets the country whose regulations the Pepwave router follows. Wi-Fi Antenna Choose from the router's internal or optional external antennas, if so equipped. Important Note Per FCC regulations, the country selection is not available on all models marketed in the US. All US models are fixed to US channels only. Wi-Fi AP Settings Protocol This option allows you to specify whether 802.11b and/or 802.11g client association requests will be accepted. Available options are 802.11ng and 802.11na. By default, 802.11ng is selected. Channel This option allows you to select which 802.11 RF channel will be used. Channel 1 (2.412 GHz) is selected by default. Channel Width Auto (20/40 MHz) and 20 MHz are available. The default setting is Auto (20/40 MHz), which allows both widths to be used simultaneously. Output Power This option is for specifying the transmission output power for the Wi-Fi AP. There are 4 relative power levels available – Max, High, Mid, and Low. The actual output power will be bound by the regulatory limits of the selected country. Beacon RateA This option is for setting the transmit bit rate for sending a beacon. By default, 1Mbps is selected. Beacon IntervalA This option is for setting the time interval between each beacon. By default, 100ms is selected. DTIMA This field allows you to set the frequency for the beacon to include a delivery traffic indication message. The interval is measured in milliseconds. The default value is set to 1 ms. Slot TimeA This field is for specifying the wait time before the Surf SOHO transmits a packet. By default, this field is set to 9 µs. ACK TimeoutA This field is for setting the wait time to receive an acknowledgement packet before performing a retransmission. By default, this field is set to 48 µs. Frame AggregationA This option allows you to enable frame aggregation to increase transmission throughput. Guard IntervalA This setting allows choosing a short or long guard period interval for your transmissions. A - Advanced feature, please click the button on the top right-hand corner to activate. 20.3 Toolbox Tools for managing firmware packs can be found at AP>Toolbox.
Pepwave MAX and Surf User Manual http://www.pepwave.com 146 Copyright @ 2016 Pepwave Firmware Packs Here, you can manage the firmware of your AP. Clicking on will result in information regarding each firmware pack. To receive new firmware packs, you can click Check for Updates to download new packs, or you can click Manual Upload to manually upload a firmware pack. Click Default to define which firmware pack is default. 21 System Settings 21.1 Admin Security There are two types of user accounts available for accessing the web admin: admin and user. They represent two user levels: the admin level has full administration access, while the user level is read-only. The user level can access only the device's status information; users cannot make any changes on the device. Admin account UI User account UI

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