Powerwave Technologies 5JS0071 Multi Carrier RF Power Amplifier User Manual
Powerwave Technologies Inc Multi Carrier RF Power Amplifier Users Manual
Users Manual
G3L-850-135 Multi-Carrier
Power Am
p
lifie
r
Service and Installation
Manual
044-05117
December 2004
044-05117
© 2004 Powerwave Technologies Incorporated. All rights reserved.
Powerwave Technologies, and the Powerwave logo are registered trademarks
Powerwave Technologies, Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the documentation and
equipment, including but not limited to component substitution and circuitry changes. Changes
that impact this manual may subsequently be incorporated in a later revision of this manual.
This Powerwave product is designed to operate within the Normal Operating (typical operating)
ranges or conditions specified in this document. Operation of this equipment beyond the specified
ranges in this document may cause (1) spurious emissions that
violate regulatory requirements; (2) the equipment to be automatically removed from service
when maximum thresholds are exceeded; or (3) the equipment to not perform in accordance with
its specifications. It is the Operator's responsibility to ensure this equipment is properly installed
and operated within Powerwave operating specifications to obtain proper performance from the
equipment and to comply with regulatory requirements.
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Warnings, Cautions, and Notes
Warnings, cautions, and notes are found throughout this manual. The associated icons in warnings
and cautions are used to quickly identify a potential condition that could result in the consequences
described below if precautions are not taken. Notes clarify and provide additional information to
assist the user.
WARNING
This warning symbol means danger. You are in a situation that could cause
bodily injury. Before you work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards
involved with electrical and RF circuitry and be familiar with standard practices
for preventing accidents.
CAUTIO
N
This caution symbol means reader, be careful. In this situation, the user might do
something that could result in equipment damage or loss of data.
Note
This note symbol means reader, take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or
references to material not covered in the document. Procedures are not contained in
notes.
044-05117
Revision Record
Revision Record
Revision Letter Date of Entry Reason for Change
A December, 2004 Original version of product
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Table of Contents
Chapter No. Title Page
Chapter 1 General Description 1-1
1-1 Introduction................................................................................................................... 1-1
1-2 General Description...................................................................................................... 1-1
1-3 Functional and Physical Specifications........................................................................ 1-2
1-4 Ordering Information .................................................................................................... 1-5
1-5 General Safety.............................................................................................................. 1-6
1-5.1 Lifting Standards........................................................................................................... 1-6
1-5.1.1 Power Plant .................................................................................................................. 1-6
1-5.1.2 Electronic Modules ....................................................................................................... 1-6
1-5.1.3 Electrostatic Discharge................................................................................................. 1-6
Chapter 2 Installation 2-1
2-1 Introduction................................................................................................................... 2-1
2-2 Site Survey ................................................................................................................... 2-1
2-3 Electrical Service Recommendations........................................................................... 2-1
2-4 Air Conditioning ............................................................................................................ 2-2
2-5 Unpacking and Inspection............................................................................................ 2-3
2-6 Installation Instructions................................................................................................. 2-4
2-6.1 Installing the Amplifier into the Subrack....................................................................... 2-4
2-6.2 Amplifier Module Power, Alarm, Control, and RF Connector....................................... 2-5
Chapter 3 Operating Instructions 3-1
3-1 Introduction................................................................................................................... 3-1
3-2 Controls and Indicators ................................................................................................ 3-1
3-2.1 RESET Switch.............................................................................................................. 3-1
3-2.2 LED Status Indicator and RESET/On/Off Toggle Switch............................................. 3-1
3-2.3 RJ-11 PC Interface....................................................................................................... 3-2
3-3 Initial Start-Up and Operating Procedures ................................................................... 3-2
Chapter 4 Principles of Operation 4-1
4-1 Introduction................................................................................................................... 4-1
4-2 RF Input Signal............................................................................................................. 4-1
4-3 RF Output Load............................................................................................................ 4-1
4-4 Functional Description.................................................................................................. 4-1
4-4.1 Preamplifier .................................................................................................................. 4-2
4-4.2 Main and Error Amplifiers............................................................................................. 4-2
4-4.3 Alarm Monitoring and Control....................................................................................... 4-2
4-4.4 First and Second Loop Control Circuits ....................................................................... 4-3
4-4.5 Pilot Tone Generator .................................................................................................... 4-3
4-5 Amplifier Module Cooling ............................................................................................. 4-3
4-6 Power Distribution ........................................................................................................ 4-3
4-7 Amplifier Alarms ........................................................................................................... 4-4
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Chapter 5 Maintenance 5-1
5-1 Introduction................................................................................................................... 5-1
5-2 Periodic Maintenance................................................................................................... 5-1
5-3 Test Equipment Required For Test.............................................................................. 5-1
5-4 Amplifier Performance Test.......................................................................................... 5-2
5-4.1 Amplifier Spurious Emissions Test:.............................................................................. 5-2
5-4.2 Gain Test:..................................................................................................................... 5-3
5-4.3 Input Return Loss:........................................................................................................ 5-4
5-4.4 Test Data Sheet ........................................................................................................... 5-5
5-5 Return For Service Procedures.................................................................................... 5-6
5-5.1 Obtaining An RMA........................................................................................................ 5-6
5-5.2 Repackaging For Shipment.......................................................................................... 5-6
Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms 1
Appendix 2 General Site Survey Form 1
List of Figures
Figure No. Figure Title Page
Figure 1-1. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Front Isometric View.................................................. 1-3
Figure 1-2. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Rear Isometric View .................................................. 1-3
Figure 1-3. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Side View................................................................... 1-4
Figure 1-4. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Bottom View............................................................... 1-4
Figure 1-5. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Front Panel ................................................................ 1-5
Figure 2-1. Power Switch Functions and Unlocking/Locking Thumbscrews ............................... 2-5
Figure 2-2. DC and Logic Connector (Male, on Rear of G3L-850-135 Amplifier Module)........... 2-5
Figure 3-1. G3L-850-135 Controls and Indicators........................................................................ 3-1
Figure 4-1. Functional Block Diagram.......................................................................................... 4-2
Figure 5-1. Amplifier Test Setup Diagram – Configuration A....................................................... 5-3
Figure 5-2. Amplifier Test Setup – Configuration B..................................................................... 5-4
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List of Tables
Table No. Table Title Page
Table 1-1. General Operating Parameters ................................................................................... 1-1
Table 1-2. G3L-850-135 Amplifier Specifications......................................................................... 1-2
Table 1-3. Major System Components........................................................................................ 1-5
Table 2-1. Sample of DC Cable Ratings ...................................................................................... 2-1
Table 2-2. 4-Way Combining Averaged DC Current Load........................................................... 2-2
Table 2-3. 4-In/4-Out Non-combining Averaged DC Current Load.............................................. 2-2
Table 2-4. 4-Way Combining Averaged Heat Loading................................................................. 2-3
Table 2-5. 4-In/4-Out Non-combining Averaged Heat Loading.................................................... 2-3
Table 2-6. G3L-850-135 Amplifier Combo Connector Specifications .......................................... 2-6
Table 3-1. Status Indicator Colors and Status.............................................................................. 3-2
Table 4-1. G3L-850-135 Alarm States.......................................................................................... 4-4
Table 5-1. Periodic Maintenance.................................................................................................. 5-1
Table 5-2. Test Equipment Required............................................................................................ 5-2
Table 5-3. Amplifier Performance Data ........................................................................................ 5-5
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Chapter 1 General Description
1-1 Introduction
This manual contains information and procedures for installation and servicing of Powerwave’s G3L-850-135
Amplifier. The manual is organized into two chapters as follows:
Chapter 1 General Description Chapter 4 Principles of Operation
Chapter 2 Installation Chapter 5 Maintenance
Chapter 3 Operating Instruction Appendix A Glossary of Terms
1-2 General Description
The G3L-850-135 Power Amplifier, shown in Figure 1-1 - Figure 1-5, operates in the 25 MHz frequency band
from 869 MHz to 894 MHz with an instantaneous bandwidth of less than 25 MHz. The instantaneous
bandwidth is the maximum frequency band in which any two or more signals can occupy .The amplifier’s
instantaneous bandwidth is set automatically and does not require any manual setup. The amplifier is
modular in design. Table 1-1 gives additional essential operating specifications.
Table 1-1. General Operating Parameters
Characteristic Performance Remarks
Operating Frequency Band 869 MHz to 894 MHz
Instantaneous Bandwidth 25MHz
Gain 63 dB
Spurious Performance ITU-R SM329-9, Category A Non-carrier related
Receive Band Noise -98 dBm/Hz In RX channels associated with RF
input terminated into 50 Ω.
Supply Voltage 21 Vdc to 30 Vdc Nominal +27 Vdc. Degraded mode of
operation at less than 26 Vdc.
Heat Output 3,074 BTU At full rated power
Carrier Types
GSM (up to 12 carriers) or
EDGE +GSM (up to 4 carriers for
each)
WCDMA (up to 4 carriers)
GSM 11.21
TS 25.141
3GPP2 C.S0010-B
Storage Temperature -40 - +85 °C
Ambient Temperature -33 - + 50 °C
Altitude -50 - +4,000 m
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1-3 Functional and Physical Specifications
Electrical, mechanical, and environmental specifications for the G3L-850-135 amplifier are listed in Table 1-2.
Table 1-2. G3L-850-135 Amplifier Specifications
Frequency Range 869-894 MHz; 25 MHz bandwidth (lowest to highest
transmitted frequency)
Minimum Channel Spacing 1 to 8 GSM carriers
Total Maximum Input Power -12.21 dBm @ 135 Watts (to achieve rated power);
-11.91 dBm max. -6.0 dBm or greater causes input
overdrive shutdown.
Total Output Power 135 Watts (7GSM and 1EDGE) @27Vdc
120 Watts (GSM/EDGE) @26Vdc to 30Vdc
110 Watts (W-CDMA) @26Vdc to 30Vdc
Intermodulation Distortion
and In-Band Spurious: -65 dBc (Min) @ +26 to +28 Vdc @ 135 Watts; 600 KHz
channel spacing within 25 MHz bandwidth*
RF Gain at 869 to 894 MHz 63 dB ±1 dB
Gain Flatness: ±0.5 dB @ 27 Vdc ±1 Vdc
Gain Variation Over Temperature: ±0.5 dB from 26 Vdc to 28 Vdc over -20° to +50° C
Output Protection: Mismatch protected
Input Port Return Loss: Equal to or greater than 14dB
Out of Band Spurious: Better than -60 dBc, +26 Vdc to +28 Vdc
Duty Cycle: Continuous
DC Input Power:
+27 Vdc ± 1 Vdc, 34.1 Amps typical, 36 Amps max @ 135
Watts; operational range +21.0 Vdc to 30 Vdc amplifier will
disable at < 20.5 Vdc or > +30.5 Vdc.
Operating Temperature: -33 ºC. to +50 ºC.
Storage Temperature: -40 ºC. to +85 ºC.
Operating Humidity: 5 % to 95 % relative humidity (non-condensing)
Storage Humidity: 5 % to 95 % relative humidity (non-condensing)
RF Input / Output / Status / Alarm /
Control / DC Input Connectors: 21-Pin D-Subminiature combo connector
Maintenance Port RJ-11, RS-232 signaling (for factory use only)
Switches Reset/On/Off Switch
Indicators:
STATUS LED; Green (normal), Yellow (minor alarm), Red (critical
alarm)
Dimensions: 35.46 cm wide, 9.56 cm high, 45.0 cm deep (including
handles)
Weight: 12.97 kg
Note
This Powerwave product is designed to operate within the normal operating (typical operating)
ranges or conditions specified in this document. Operation of this equipment beyond the
specified ranges may cause (1) spurious emissions that violate regulatory requirements; (2)
the equipment to be automatically removed from service when maximum thresholds are
exceeded; or (3) the equipment to not perform in accordance with its specifications. It is the
operator's responsibility to ensure this equipment is properly installed and operated within
Powerwave operating specifications to obtain proper performance from the equipment and
to comply with regulatory requirements.
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Figure 1-1. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Front Isometric View
Figure 1-2. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Rear Isometric View
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Figure 1-3. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Side View
Figure 1-4. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Bottom View
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Figure 1-5. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Front Panel
1-4 Ordering Information
Table 1-3 lists major system component numbers and descriptions for use in ordering amplifiers or
components.
Table 1-3. Major System Components
Model Number Description
G3L-850-135 135-Watt Amplifier, +27 Vdc
*MCR41927-1-4 4-way Combining Amplifier Subrack
*MCR41928-4-4 4-In/4-Out Non-combining Amplifier Subrack
*MCR41970-4-4 4-In/4-Out N+1 Non-combining Amplifier Subrack
*Amplifier subracks sold and described separately
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1-5 General Safety
This paragraph describes safety practices when handling certain components.
1-5.1 Lifting Standards
The handling of the power amplifier cabinet and its subassemblies involves heavy lifting. Various methods of
lifting must be employed to safely and properly install this equipment. The following web site addresses are
provided as references to OSHA personnel lifting guidelines:
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/electricalcontractors/materials/heavy.html
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/pdfs/94-110.pdf
Lifting of heavier modules may require two people in awkward work environments, whereas only one person
might otherwise be able to safely lift the module. Be aware of the environmental impact on lifting and twisting
while moving heavier materials.
The Amplifier weighs 12.97 kg (28.5 lb) and can normally be lifted by one person.
1-5.1.1 Power Plant
Only qualified electricians, certified to work on high voltages (176 to 264 Vac; 150 A), should perform
installation and maintenance to the cabinet and rectifier inputs. Failure to follow safe practices may result in
equipment damage, personal injury or death.
Never remove bare DC power wires from equipment or allow bare DC voltage wires to dangle freely in the
cabinet. Prior to removal of equipment that necessitates dangling of DC wires, disconnect DC power at the
LVD and turn the rectifiers off. Verify with a voltmeter that DC power is removed prior to disconnecting
equipment.
Refer to NEC Article 810, for clearances from power and lightning conductors, mounting, and grounding.
1-5.1.2 Electronic Modules
Electronic modules should be turned off before removal, when an on/off switch is provided. For example, the
amplifier module draws up to 26 amperes of current with no RF energy applied. Failure to turn the amplifier
module off before removal will cause arching between the amplifier module and the amplifier subrack,
resulting in damage to both pieces of equipment.
RF energy should be turned off before removal or installation of RF cables. Failure to RF energy may result in
equipment damage or personal injury.
Electronic modules should be turned off before removal or installation of electronic interconnecting cables.
1-5.1.3 Electrostatic Discharge
The power amplifier cabinet contains modules and components that are sensitive to static electricity. Two
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) service points are incorporated in the cabinet frame. One service point is
located in the interior front electronics compartment about half way down the right hand vertical rail. The other
service point is located in the interior rear electronics compartment about half way down the left hand vertical
rail.
ESD protective devices must be properly worn and connected to one of the cabinet ESD service points by
technicians and installers during the performance of maintenance activities.
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Chapter 2 Installation
2-1 Introduction
This chapter contains unpacking, inspection, and installation instructions for the G3L-850-135
Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA). It is important that the licensee perform the following tasks
correctly. Carefully read all material in this chapter prior to equipment unpacking or installation.
Also, read and review the operating procedures in chapter 3 prior to installing the equipment. If
applicable, carefully review the government and local codes as they apply to your installation.
2-2 Site Survey
Powerwave Technologies recommends that site surveys be performed by qualified individuals or
firms prior to equipment ordering or installation. Performing a detailed site survey reduces or
eliminates installation and turn-up delays caused by oversights. Pay particular attention to power
plant capacity, air conditioning needs, and RF/DC cabling/breaker requirements.
2-3 Electrical Service Recommendations
Powerwave Technologies recommends that proper AC line conditioning and surge suppression
be provided on the primary AC input to the +27 Vdc power source. Install all electrical service in
accordance with applicable local codes and good engineering practice. Give special
consideration to lightning protection of all systems, given the vulnerability of most transmitter sites
to lightning. Lightning arrestors are recommended in the service entrance. Straight, short ground
runs are recommended. The electrical service must be well grounded.
The information in Table 2-1 is provided as a guideline. Follow the appropriate standards in the
National Electrical Code (NEC) and codes for your area, and observe the cable manufacturer’s
recommendations for proper cable selection.
Table 2-1. Sample of DC Cable Ratings
Copper Aluminum
3 Cond. In Raceway Single Conductor In Free Air 3 Cond. In Raceway Single Conductor In Free Air
mm2
90°C 110°C 90°C 110°C 125°C 200°C 90°C 110°C 90°C 110°C 125°C 200°C
2 25 30 30 40 40 45 -- -- -- -- -- --
3 30 35 40 50 50 55 25 25 30 40 40 45
5 40 45 55 65 70 75 30 35 45 50 55 60
8 55 60 75 85 90 100 40 45 55 65 70 80
13 70 80 100 120 125 135 55 60 80 95 100 105
21 95 105 135 160 170 180 75 80 105 125 135 140
34 125 135 185 210 225 240 100 105 140 165 175 185
42 145 160 215 245 265 280 110 125 165 190 205 220
53 165 190 250 285 305 325 130 150 190 220 240 255
Based on ambient temperature of 30°C (86°F) 100% Load Factor
Source: Industrial Electric Wire & Cable Inc., Technical Guide Vol. 4M 11/99, Table III Suggested Ampacities - All Types
of Insulations; Based on National Electric Code
Each amplifier system should have its own circuit breaker, so a failure in one does not shut off
the whole installation. Circuit breakers should be capable of handling the anticipated inrush
current, in a load center with a master switch. Powerwave recommends that a 50 A circuit
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breaker be installed in the power distribution unit for each amplifier. DC wire smaller than 8 mm2
90°C copper should not be installed. Each amplifier should have its own DC cable pair. Refer to
Table 2-1.
According to the laws of probability used to formulate Erlang tables, rarely are all channels
transmitting at the same time. We can use Erlang tables to predict typical maximum current
usage. Table 2-2 and Table 2-3 describe the current load (at 120 Watts typical) for a 3 sector
(70%), 2 sector (80%) and omni (90%) site in two different configurations. Based on table 2-2, a
600-ampere power plant may suffice in a macro-cell site, whereas, a 200-ampere or smaller
power plant may be adequate in a micro-cell site, based on the equipment configuration.
Battery backup or UPS systems should be installed in remote sites or in sites that experience
brownout conditions or generator switchovers. Adding this equipment should eliminate the need
for site visits by technicians after brownouts or power outages. Battery backup systems also
provide excellent DC filtering as a side benefit.
Table 2-2. 4-Way Combining Averaged DC Current Load
Amplifier
Power No. Of
Amplifiers 3-Sector (70%)
Averaged Current 2-Sector (80%)
Averaged Current 1-Sector (90%)
Averaged Current 100%
Typical
120 12 *348 A 409 A
120 8 *232 A *254 A 273 A
120 4 *116 A *127 A *130 A 136 A
120 1 *29 A *32 A *33 A 34 A
* typical, based on given % of output power)
Table 2-3. 4-In/4-Out Non-combining Averaged DC Current Load
Amplifier
Power No. Of
Amplifiers 3-Sector (70%)
Averaged Current 2-Sector (80%)
Averaged Current 1-Sector (90%)
Averaged Current 100%
Typical
120 4 *99 A *114 A
120 3 *87 A *95 A *102 A
120 2 *58 A *63 A *65 A *68 A
120 1 *29 A *32 A *33 A *34 A
* typical, based on given % of output power)
2-4 Air Conditioning
Each G3L-850-135 amplifier generates 3,074 BTUs of heat at full 135-Watt power. A 1-ton air
conditioner offsets 12,000 BTU’s of heat. The G3L-850-135 amplifier is designed to operate
within the extended low temperature and high temperature environments defined in table 1-2.
In keeping with Paragraph 2-3, Table 2-4 and Table 2-5 describe the heat load (at 120 Watts
typical) for a 3-sector (70%), 2-sector (80%), omni (90%), and typical (100%) site. Perform a site
survey to determine actual air conditioning needs.
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Table 2-4. 4-Way Combining Averaged Heat Loading
Amplifier
Power No. Of
Amplifiers 3-Sector (70%)
Averaged
BTU/hour
2-Sector (80%)
Averaged
BTU/hour
1-Sector (90%)
Averaged
BTU/hour
100%
Typical
BTU/Hour
120 12 28,791 32,793
120 8 19,194 20,638 21,862
120 4 9,597 10,319 10,514 10,931
120 1 2,399 2,580 2,629 2,733
* typical, based on given % of output power
Table 2-5. 4-In/4-Out Non-combining Averaged Heat Loading
Amplifier
Power No. Of
Amplifiers 3-Sector (70%)
Averaged
BTU/hour
2-Sector (80%)
Averaged
BTU/hour
1-Sector (90%)
Averaged
BTU/hour
100%
Typical
BTU/Hour
120 4 9,585 10,585
120 3 7,198 7,739 8,198
120 2 4,799 5,160 5,257 5,465
120 1 2,399 2,580 2,629 2,733
* typical, based on given % of output power
2-5 Unpacking and Inspection
This equipment has been operated, tested, and calibrated at the factory. Only in the event of
severe shocks or other mistreatment should any substantial readjustment be required. Carefully
unpack each piece of equipment after it has reached the installation site and is approximately in
place. Carefully open the several amplifier system containers and remove the contents. Inventory
all items to ensure all needed materials have been delivered.
Retain all packing material to support any claim of shipping damage or for use in the event that
the equipment must be returned to the factory.
CAUTION
Exercise care in handling equipment during inspection to prevent damage
caused by rough or careless handling. Some components are heavy. Follow
the guidelines set forth in Paragraph 1-5.1 when lifting heavy components.
Visually inspect the Amplifier for damage that may have occurred during shipment. Check for
evidence of water damage, bent or warped chassis, loose screws or nuts, or extraneous packing
material in the connectors or fans. Inspect male connectors on modules and harnesses for bent
connector pins.
Perform the following steps:
1. Visually inspect the MCPA for damage that may have occurred during shipment.
2. Check for evidence of water damage, bent or warped chassis, loose screws or nuts, or
extraneous packing material in the connector(s).
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CAUTION
Before applying power, make sure that all connectors are secure. Make sure
that the input and output are properly terminated at 50 ohms. Do not operate
the system without a load attached. Refer to Table 1-2 for input power
requirements. Excessive input power may damage the equipment.
If the equipment is damaged:
• The carrier is your first area of recourse.
• A claim should be filed with the carrier once the extent of any damage is assessed. We
cannot stress too strongly the importance of IMMEDIATE careful inspection of the
equipment and the subsequent IMMEDIATE filing of the necessary claims against the
carrier, if necessary.
If the equipment is damaged and must be returned to the factory:
• Please write or phone for return authorization.
• Powerwave may not accept returns without a return authorization.
2-6 Installation Instructions
Install the G3L-850-135 amplifier as follows:
WARNING
Turn off external primary DC power before connecting DC power
cables.
2-6.1 Installing the Amplifier into the Subrack
1. For each Amplifier:
a. Inspect the 21WA4 male combo connector on the rear of each amplifier. Verify that all
pins are straight, no pins are recessed, packing material is removed, and that the
alignment shield is not bent.
b. Set the amplifier power Reset/On/Off switch to “Off” (down position) as shown in Figure
2-1.
CAUTION
Do not slam or force the amplifier into the subrack. This may cause the pins
on the 21-D sub connector of the amplifier to become recessed or broken.
Note Non-combining subracks are typically sector specific; ensure the amplifier is installed
to support the appropriate sector.
c. With the thumbscrews in the unlock position, install the amplifier(s) into the subrack.
There are no slot priorities in a combining subrack, so all slots function equally. To
secure the amplifier(s) in the subrack, turn the top and bottom thumbscrews to the lock
position as shown in Figure 2-1.
WARNING
Check your work before applying DC voltage to the amplifier. Make certain all
connections are tight and correct.
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2. Measure primary DC input voltage. DC input voltage should be +27 Vdc ±1.0 Vdc. If the DC
input voltage is above or below the limits, call and consult an electrician before you turn on
your amplifier system.
Refer to Chapter 3 for initial turn-on and checkout procedures.
Lock
Position
Unlock
Position
3-Position Switch:
Reset (Up)
On (Middle)
Off (Down)
Figure 2-1. Power Switch Functions and Unlocking/Locking Thumbscrews
2-6.2 Amplifier Module Power, Alarm, Control, and RF Connector
The power, alarm, control, and RF connections on the amplifier are made through a 21WA4 male
connector, located on the rear of the amplifier. Pins are listed and described in Table 2-6. Alarms
are interpreted by the amplifier subrack and reported to the base station as a system level alarm.
A1 A2 A3 A4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Figure 2-2. DC and Logic Connector (Male, on Rear of G3L-850-135 Amplifier Module)
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Table 2-6. G3L-850-135 Amplifier Combo Connector Specifications
Pins/Signal Names
A1 RF Input (Coaxial Contact)
A2 +27 Vdc (Power Contact)
A3 Ground (Power Contact)
A4 RF Output (Coaxial Contact)
1 TX H (RS-485) 10 System Reset TTL
2 TX L (RS-485) 11 NC
3 GND 12 NC
4 RX H (RS-485) 13 AMP AO
5 RX L (RS-485) 14 AMP A1
6 GND 15 AMP A2
7 MOD_DET 16 NC
8 Summary Fault 17 MCPA Temp
21WA4 Connector
Description
9 DC (On/Off)
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Chapter 3 Operating Instructions
3-1 Introduction
This chapter contains a description of the G3L-850-135 Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA)
controls, indicators, and initial start-up and operating procedures.
3-2 Controls and Indicators
The controls and indicators for the G3L-850-135 Power Amplifier consist of the primary power
RESET toggle switch, the LED STATUS indicator, and the RJ-11 PC Interface as shown in
Figure 3-1.
3-2.1 RESET Switch
The RESET Switch, located on the front panel, has three positions, each with its own function.
• The momentary up position resets fault indications and returns the Amplifier to normal
operation if a critical or hard fault does not prevent such operation. When the switch is
released, it automatically returns to the middle position.
• The middle position allows normal operation. If no critical faults are present, the Amplifier
operates normally.
• The down position is used to turn the amplifier off. The Amplifier remains disabled until the
switch is manually returned to the middle position.
RJ-11 PC
Interface
Multi-Colored LED
Status Indicator
Reset/On/Off
Toggle Switch
Figure 3-1. G3L-850-135 Controls and Indicators
3-2.2 LED Status Indicator and RESET/On/Off Toggle Switch
The status indicator, located on the front panel, is a single, tri-color LED. Status is indicated by a
combination of color and intermittent/steady operation. The LED has tri-color capability: red,
yellow, and green. The LED’s blinking frequency is 0.5-1 Hz with a duty cycle of 45-55%. The
LED indicates the status of the MCPA as listed in Table 3-1.
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Table 3-1. Status Indicator Colors and Status
Control/Indicator Description
LED Color MCPA Status
Green (solid) RF enabled, Reset/On/Off switch set to
On (middle position).
Green (blinking) Standby.
Yellow (solid) Minor* alarm - APC function enabled.
Red (solid) Major* alarm – Critical fault present. If
present on only one amplifier, amplifier
replacement required. If present on all
amplifiers in a subrack, a fault exists in
the subrack or in the RF load attached
to the subrack.
STATUS (Multi-
colored LED
Indicator)
Red/Yellow
(alternating)
Downloading. Do not interrupt power.
Toggle Switch
positions
RESET (Up) Amplifier in RESET mode. LED indicates Boot mode, then turns
solid green.
On (Middle) Amplifier enabled. LED indicates solid green
Off (Down) Amplifier disabled. LED Indicates solid red.
* See Table 4-1 for an explanation of major and minor alarms.
3-2.3 RJ-11 PC Interface
The RJ-11 PC Interface connector, located on the Front Panel, is for updating the amplifier’s
firmware, and is for factory use only.
3-3 Initial Start-Up and Operating Procedures
To perform the initial start-up, proceed as follows:
1. For each Amplifier:
a. Verify that all input and output cables are properly connected.
Caution Before applying power, make sure that the input and output of the amplifier are
properly terminated at 50 ohms. Do not operate the amplifier without a load
attached. Refer to table 1-2 for input power requirements. Excessive input
power may damage the MCPA.
Note
The amplifiers must be warmed up for a minimum of 5 minutes prior to setting power
levels. Failure to properly warm the amplifiers may result in lower output power,
once the amplifiers reach operating temperature.
b. Turn on the supply that provides +27 Vdc to the amplifier.
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c. Place the power 3-position (Reset/On/Off) switch on the amplifier front panel to the On
(middle) position.
2. Allow the amplifiers to warm up for at least 5 minutes before taking power readings.
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Chapter 4 Principles of Operation
4-1 Introduction
This chapter contains a functional description of the G3L-850-135 Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier
(MCPA).
4-2 RF Input Signal
The maximum input power for all carrier frequencies to the amplifier should not exceed the limits
specified in Table 1-2
4-3 RF Output Load
For good power transfer to the RF load, the load impedance should be as closely matched to the
output impedance of the amplifier as possible. A VSWR of less than 1.5:1 across the working
band of frequencies is satisfactory. If the amplifier is operated into a filter, it maintains its
distortion characteristics outside the signal band even if the VSWR is infinite. A parasitic signal of
less than one-watt incident on the output will not cause distortion at a higher level than the
normal forward distortion (i.e. -65 dBc).
4-4 Functional Description
The Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA) is a linear, feedforward amplifier that operates in the
frequency band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz with an instantaneous bandwidth of less than 25 MHz
(refer to Table 1-2 for amplifier specifications). The instantaneous bandwidth is the maximum
frequency band that a set of two or more signals can occupy .The amplifier’s instantaneous
bandwidth is set automatically and does not require any manual setup. The amplifier provides a
gain of 63 dB. Typical outputs for different carrier types are specified in Table 1-2.
Each amplifier is a self-contained module and is functionally independent of any other MCPA in a
system. The amplifiers are designed for parallel operation to achieve a high peak power output.
Each MCPA has an alarm board that monitors the amplifier performance. If a failure or fault
occurs in an MCPA, it is transmitted to a subrack system via the D-sub 21WA4 connector located
at the rear of the module. The subrack reports all alarms to the host system.
Continuously comparing active paths with passive references, and correcting for small variations
through RF feedback controls maintain constant gain. All gain variations, for example those due
to temperature, are reduced to the passive reference variations.
Refer to Figure 4-1 for the amplifier functional block diagram. The amplifier consists of the
following major functional blocks:
• Preamplifier
• Main amplifier
• Error amplifier
• Alarm monitoring and control
• First and second loop control circuits
• Pilot tone generator
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Figure 4-1. Functional Block Diagram
4-4.1 Preamplifier
The RF carriers are applied to the input port of the amplifier, where they are fed to the
preamplifier stage. The preamplifier provides two stages of class-A mode-amplification. The
output of the preamplifier is then split into two paths, one to the main amplifier and one to the
error amplifier.
4-4.2 Main and Error Amplifiers
The main amplifier provides the balance of gain and power (refer to Table 1-1 for amplifier
specifications). The main amplifier employs class AB amplification for maximum efficiency. The
error amplifier and feed forward loops are used to correct signal distortion introduced by non-
linearity in the class AB main amplifier. The error amplifier operates in class A mode. The RF
signal from the preamp is coupled to an attenuator and phase shifter in the first feed-forward loop
where it is phase shifted by 180 degrees and amplified in the pre-main amplifier. The output from
the pre-main amplifier is fed to the class AB main amplifier. The signal output from the main
amplifier is sampled using a coupler, and the sample signal is combined with the main input
signal and input to the second feed-forward loop.
The error signal is attenuated, phase shifted 180 degrees, then fed to the error amplifier where it
is amplified to a level identical to the sample output from the main amplifier. The output from the
error amplifier is then coupled back and added to the output from the main amplifier. The control
loops continuously make adjustments to cancel out any distortion in the final output signals.
4-4.3 Alarm Monitoring and Control
The alarm logic controls the +5 Vdc bias voltage that shuts down the amplifier. During routine
operation, all normal variations are automatically compensated for by the feed-forward loop
control. However, when large variations occur beyond the adjustment range of the loop control, a
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loop fault occurs. When this happens, an alarm indicator is illuminated on the front panel of the
subrack. The fault is transmitted back to an external summary module via the external alarm
interface connection on the front panel of the subrack.
4-4.4 First and Second Loop Control Circuits
The primary function of the first loop is to amplify the carrier signals and isolate an error signal for
the second loop. The primary function of the second loop is to amplify the error signal to cancel
out spurious products developed in the main amplifier. The input signal is amplified by a
preamplifier and fed to a coupler and delay line. The signal from the coupler is fed to the
attenuator and phase shifter in the first loop. The first loop control section phase shifts the main
input signals by 180 degrees and constantly monitors the output for correct phase and gain.
The second loop control section obtains a sample of the distortion added to the output signals by
the main amplifiers. The signal is phase shifted 180 degrees, then fed to the error amplifier where
it is amplified to the same power level as the input sample. The signal is then coupled to the error
signal of the main amplifier output. The final output is monitored by the second loop and adjusted
to ensure that the signal distortion and intermodulation distortion (IMD) on the final output is
cancelled out.
4-4.5 Pilot Tone Generator
A Pilot Tone is an internally generated signal, who’s precise frequency, phase, and amplitude is
known. The basic idea of injecting a pilot tone is that if the pilot signal is suppressed at the
amplifier output, then the distortion created by the main amplifier is also suppressed. To
accomplish this, the pilot tone signal is injected into the first loop and then detected at the
feedforward output of the second loop. The pilot tone is coupled off of the main amplifier, thus
creating a second pilot tone, attenuated and phase shifted 180 degrees to be used as the
reference. This second pilot tone is then amplified in the error amplifier and mixed with the
signals from the main signal path. Ideally, the two pilot tones, both amplified, should cancel each
other out. If they do not cancel each other out, as determined by an output detector, the
information is fed back to control the gain and phase of both the main and error amplifier paths
such that the output distortion is minimized.
4-5 Amplifier Module Cooling
The amplifier is cooled by forced air flowing over its heat sink, which is provided by external fans
mounted on the MCPA subrack. The fans are field replaceable. Each amplifier, when properly
cooled, maintains the amplifier within the specified operating temperature range. Six inches of
free space are required at both the front and rear panels of the subrack to allow adequate air
volume to circulate over the heat sinks.
4-6 Power Distribution
Primary DC power for the amplifier is provided by the host system. The amplifier module has a
DC/DC converter and voltage regulator that converts the +27 Vdc to +15 Vdc, +5 Vdc, and -5 Vdc
for internal use.
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4-7 Amplifier Alarms
Causes for MCPA alarms are given in Table 4-1. Conditions external to the amplifier should be
investigated before replacing the amplifier, particularly if more than one amplifier exhibits a critical
alarm. Alarm conditions are reported to the amplifier subrack via RS-485 or TTL interfaces. Other
than the front panel LEDs (described in chapter 3), there are no other visual aids for the
technician.
Table 4-1. G3L-850-135 Alarm States
Major Alarm - Causes MCPA RF section to be
disabled Minor Alarm - Does not cause MCPA RF section
to be disabled
Amplifier
Alarm Definition Amplifier
Mode Auto-Recovery Event/Fault Log
Output
Overpower
Disable the MCPA
immediately if the output
power is >2 dB over rated
power.
Major
No auto recovery. Requires
manual reset. Output power
must be decreased to < 2
dB over rated power.
Records output
overpower event after
system disabled
Automatic
Power
Control
(APC)
Enabled if the output
power is > 50 dBm
Note: If the MCPA cannot
compensate the gain to maintain
compliance, the Output
Overpower or Input Overdrive
Faults will protect the MCPA.
Minor
(Yellow
LED
display)
Amplifier auto-recovers
when the output power
drops below the rated
maximum output power.
Records APC event and
auto-recovery event if
auto-recovery
successful
Input
Overdrive
Disable the MCPA
immediately if the input
RF power is > -6.0 dBm
Major
No auto recovery. Requires
manual reset. Input power
must be decreased to < -6.6
dBm.
Records input overdrive
event, system disable
event, each auto
recovery event*
High
Temperature
Sensor temperature is >
+88° C Major
Amplifier auto-recovers
when the sensor
temperature drops to < +73°
C.
Records over
temperature event,
system disable event,
each auto recovery
event,
Reflected
Power
Reverse RF output power
is > +47.8 dBm for a
duration of 1-minute
Major
No auto-recovery. Requires
manual reset. Reverse
power must be < 50% of the
maximum rated forward
output power.
Records high reflected
power event, each auto
recovery event*
High
Voltage
Disable the MCPA
immediately if the supply
DC voltage > +30.5 Vdc
Major
Auto-recovery when the
supply voltage drops to <
+30.0 Vdc
Records supply DC fault
event, system disable
event, each auto
recovery event*
Low
Voltage
Disable the MCPA
immediately if the supply
DC voltage < +20.5 Vdc
Major
Auto-recovery when the
supply voltage increases to
> +24 Vdc
Records low voltage
event, system disable
event, each auto
recovery event*
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Major Alarm - Causes MCPA RF section to be
disabled Minor Alarm - Does not cause MCPA RF section
to be disabled
Amplifier
Alarm Definition Amplifier
Mode Auto-Recovery Event/Fault Log
Loop
Fail Loop convergence fail Major
Loop converges. Tries to
auto recover 10 times
before permanent shut
down. 2 minutes and 5
seconds for each try.
Records internal DC
fault event, system
disable event, each
auto recovery event*
Internal
DC
Fail
Internal voltages fail or out
of range
Minor
(no LED
display)
Auto-recovery once the
voltage is within the range.
No shutdown until
Linearization alarm occurs.
Records internal DC fail
event, system disable
event, each auto
recovery event*
Device
Fail
One or more output power
devices fail
Minor
(no LED
display)
No auto-recovery. No
shutdown until Linearization
alarm occurs.
Records device fault
event
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4-6 Installation and Service Manual - G3L-850-135 Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier
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Chapter 5 Maintenance
5-1 Introduction
This chapter contains periodic maintenance and performance test procedures for the
G3L-850-135 Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA).
Note
Check your sales order and equipment warranty before attempting to service or
repair the unit. Do not break the seals on equipment under warranty or the warranty
will be null and void. Do not return equipment for warranty or repair service until
proper shipping instructions are received from the factory.
5-2 Periodic Maintenance
Periodic maintenance requirements and the intervals at which the tasks should be performed are
listed in Table 5-1.
Table 5-1. Periodic Maintenance
Task Interval Action
Inspection:
Cables and Connectors
12 Months I
In
ns
sp
pe
ec
ct
t
s
si
ig
gn
na
al
l
a
an
nd
d
p
po
ow
we
er
r
c
ca
ab
bl
le
es
s
f
fo
or
r
f
fr
ra
ay
ye
ed
d
i
in
ns
su
ul
la
at
ti
io
on
n.
.
C
Ch
he
ec
ck
k
R
RF
F
c
co
on
nn
ne
ec
ct
to
or
rs
s
t
to
o
e
en
ns
su
ur
re
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t
th
ha
at
t
t
th
he
ey
y
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ar
re
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t
ti
ig
gh
ht
t.
.
P
Pe
er
rf
fo
or
rm
ma
an
nc
ce
e
T
Te
es
st
ts
s
12 Months
P
Pe
er
rf
fo
or
rm
m
a
an
nn
nu
ua
al
l
t
te
es
st
t
p
pe
er
r
p
pa
ar
ra
ag
gr
ra
ap
ph
h
5
5-
-4
4.
.
C
Cl
le
ea
an
n
F
Fa
an
ns
s/
/H
He
ea
at
t
S
Si
in
nk
ks
s
3 Months I
In
ns
sp
pe
ec
ct
t
f
fo
or
r
d
de
eb
br
ri
is
s.
.
R
Re
em
mo
ov
ve
e
d
du
us
st
t
w
wi
it
th
h
a
a
s
so
of
ft
t
c
cl
lo
ot
th
h/
/b
br
ru
us
sh
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o
or
r
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va
ac
cu
uu
um
m
c
cl
le
ea
an
ne
er
r.
.
5-3 Test Equipment Required For Test
Test equipment required to test the amplifier is listed in Table 5-2. Equivalent test equipment may
be substituted for any item, keeping in mind that a thermistor type power meter is required.
Note
All RF test equipment required must be calibrated to 0.05 dB resolutions. Any
deviation from the nominal attenuation must be accounted for and factored into all
output readings.
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Table 5-2. Test Equipment Required
Nomenclature Manufactu
rer Model
Signal Generator Agilent 8656B
20 dB Attenuator, 250 Watt Bird
20 dB Attenuator, 20 Watt (2 each) Bird Tenuline
Spectrum Analyzer Agilent 8560E
Coax Directional Coupler Agilent 778D
Power Meter / Sensor Agilent 437B / 8481A
Arbitrary Waveform Generator Sony AWG2021
Network Analyzer Agilent 8753C
* Any Equipment substitutions should have equivalent specifications.
5-4 Amplifier Performance Test
Performance testing should be conducted every 12 months to ensure that the amplifier system
meets the operational specifications listed in Table 5-3. Also verify system performance after any
amplifier module is replaced in the field.
The test equipment required to perform the testing is listed in Table 5-2, and the test setup is
shown in Table 5-1.
Note
The frequencies used in this test are typical for an amplifier with a 25 MHz band
from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. Select evenly spaced F1, F2, F3, and F4 frequencies
that cover the instantaneous bandwidth of your system.
To check amplifier performance, proceed as follows:
WARNING
Do not apply any RF signals to the amplifier input until instructed to do
so.
CAUTIO
N
Ensure that the correct amount of attenuation is used between the amplifier RF
connections and the test equipment to prevent overdrive of the amplifier or the
test equipment.
5-4.1 Amplifier Spurious Emissions Test:
1. Connect the test equipment as shown in Figure 5-1.
2. Configure the signal source to produce four frequencies evenly spaced across the
instantaneous bandwidth to be used for the amplifier under test.
3. Adjust the output of the signal source to excite the amplifier to its rated output.
4. Use the spectrum analyzer to measure the spurious emissions performance.
5. Record test data in Table 5-3. Verify that the data are within the specifications shown in
Table 1-2.
6. Reduce the output of the signal source to minimum.
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7. Switch off the Main Power Switch on the amplifier under test.
G3L-850-135 PYTHON Multi-
Channel Power Amplifier
Gain = 63 dB
Output = 135 W = +51.3 dBm
27 Vdc
RF Out
RF In
20 dB
Directional
Coupler 30 dB
Attn
250 W
High Pwr
04-0262B-A
Sensor
Head 8482A
30 dB
Attn
20 W
20 dB
Directional
Coupler
Sensor
Head 8482A
Power Meter
INPUT
HP 8560 E
+1.3
dBm*
* Example. Ensure that sufficient
attenuation is present between the
amplifier output and your test equipment
to avoid overdrive or damage. Refer to
test equipment specifications.
+1.3
dBm*
Spectrum
Analyzer
HP 8648 A
HP 437B
Signal
Source
Power
Meter
TEST
CONFIGURATION
A
Figure 5-1. Amplifier Test Setup Diagram – Configuration A
5-4.2 Gain Test:
1. Disconnect:
a. Spectrum analyzer
b. Signal source.
c. Power Meter and Sensor Head.
2. Connect the network analyzer as shown in Figure 5-2.
3. Set network analyzer as follows:
a. Power output to -11 dBm max.
b. Frequency start to 869 MHz.
c. Frequency stop to 894 MHz.
d. Normalize the network analyzer for gain and return loss.
4. Switch on the amplifier under test, and ensure that the STATUS switch is in the center
position.
5. Check the amplifier gain across the band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. Gain should be as
specified in Table 1-2. Record test data in Table 5-3.
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G3L-850-135 PYTHON Multi-
Channel Power Amplifier
Gain = 63 dB
Output = 135 W = +51.3 dBm
27 Vdc
RF Out
RF In
40 dB
Attn
250 W
+1.3
dBm*
* Example. Ensure that sufficient
attenuation is present between the
amplifier output and your test
equipment to avoid overdrive or
damage. Refer to test equipment
specifications.
Network
Analyzer
TEST
CONFIGURATION
B
04-0263B-A
PORT 1
HP 8753 D
PORT 2
Figure 5-2. Amplifier Test Setup – Configuration B
5-4.3 Input Return Loss:
1. Retain the test configuration shown in Figure 5-2.
2. Read and record the S11 return loss measurement on network analyzer. Record test data in
Table 5-3.
3. Switch off the amplifier under test.
4. Disconnect the test equipment.
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5-4.4 Test Data Sheet
Record the amplifier’s performance test data below.
DATE MODULE S/N
Test Conditions:
Load and Source Impedance: 50 Ohms
VSWR: < 1.5:1
Supply Voltage: +27 Vdc ±0.1 Vdc
Table 5-3. Amplifier Performance Data
Test Specification Min Max Data
RF Gain
Vcc = 27 Vdc
PO = See table 1-4
Freq. = 869 – 894 MHz
62.5.0 dB 63.5 dB
Spurious
Emissions
Vcc = 27 Vdc
PO = See table 1-2
869 – 894 MHz Band
-62 dBc
Gain Flatness Vcc = 27 Vdc
PO = See table 1-2
869 – 894 MHz Band
±0.5 dB
Input Return
Loss
Vcc = 27 Vdc
PO = See table 1-2
869 – 894 MHz Band
-
-1
16
6
d
dB
B
PASS FAIL
Tested by
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5-5 Return For Service Procedures
When returning products to Powerwave, the following procedures will ensure optimum response.
5-5.1 Obtaining An RMA
A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained prior to returning equipment to
the factory for service. Please contact our Repair Department at (714) 466-1000 to obtain this
number, or FAX your request to (714) 466-5800. Failure to obtain this RMA number may result in
delays in receiving repair service.
5-5.2 Repackaging For Shipment
To ensure safe shipment of the amplifier, it is recommended that the original package designed
for shipping the amplifier be reused. If it is not available, contact Powerwave’s Customer Service
Department for packing materials.
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Appendix A Abbreviations and
Acronyms
Below is a list of the abbreviations and acronyms used in the industry.
Abbreviation/
Acronym Definition
ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio
ACP Adjacent Channel Power
A/D Analog-to-Digital Conversion
ADC {Analog-to-Digital Converter
{Automatic Data Collection
AM Amplitude Modulation
AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System
ANSI American National Standards Institute
APC Automatic Power Control
APTT Analog Push To Talk
ASG Applications Support Group
ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
ATE Automatic (Automated) Test Equipment
ATP Acceptance Test Procedure
ATTEN Attenuator
BER Beyond Economical Repair
BOM Bill Of Materials
BPF Band Pass Filter
BS Base Station
BTS Base Transceiver Station (System)
BW BandWidth
°C Degrees Celsius
CAD Computer Aided Design
CCA {Circuit Card Assembly
CCW Counter ClockWise
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data
CTRL Control
CW {ClockWise
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Abbreviation/
Acronym Definition
{Continuous Wave
dB deciBels
dBc Referenced to a carrier level
dBm Reference to one milliwatt
dBw Reference to one watt
DIN Deutsches Insitut für Normung eV
DLNA Duplexer Low Noise Amplifier
DPTT Digital Push To Talk
DQPSK Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keyed
DSP Digital Signal Processing
DUT Device Under Test
ECD Estimated Completion Date
ECM Electronic Counter Measure
EDGE Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution
EEPROM Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
EIA Electronic Industries Association
EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
EMI ElectroMagnetic Interference
EPROM {Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory
{Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
ESD ElectroStatic Discharge
ESG Electronic Signal Generator
ETDMA Extended Time Division Multiple Access
ETSI European Telecommunications Standard Institute
EUT Equipment Under Test
FAR Failure Analysis Report
FCC Federal Communications Commission
FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
FET Field Effect Transistor
FHMA Frequency Hopping Multiple Access
FM Frequency Modulation
FRU Field Replaceable Unit
FSK Frequency Shift Key modulation
GHz Gigahertz
GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying
GOLAY See GSC
GSC Golay Sequential Code
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Abbreviation/
Acronym Definition
GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
HPF High Pass Filter
HW Hardware
Hz Hertz
IAW In Accordance With
IC Integrated Circuit
IMD InterModulation Distortion
IRL Input Return Loss
IS-54 Interim Standard 54 for TDMA
IS-95 Interim Standard 95 for CDMA
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISM Industrial, Scientific and Medical unlicensed frequency bands
ISO {International Organization for Standardization
{ISOlator
kHz Kilohertz
LDA Linear Discrete Amplifier (Class A or AB)
LGL Lower Guardband Limit
LMR Land Mobile Radio
LMS Land Mobile Systems
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LO Local Oscillator
LPA Linear Power Amplifier
LPF Low Pass Filter
LSL Lower Specification Limit
LVD Low Voltage Disconnect
MC MultiChannel
MCA MultiChannel Amplifier
MCPA {MultiCarrier Power Amplifier
{MultiChannel Power Amplifier
MCR MultiChannel Rack
MFRM {Multiple Frequency Radio Mobile
{Multifunction Frequency Radio Modulation
MHz Megahertz
MSO Master Switch Office
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
MTSO Master Telephone Switch Office
MU Measurement Uncertainty
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Abbreviation/
Acronym Definition
M&TE Measuring and Test Equipment
NAMPS Narrow Analog Mobile Phone System
NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NIST National Institute for Standards and Technology
NMT Nordic Mobile Telephone
NVM NonVolatile Memory
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
OMS Operational Method Sheet
OOB Out Of Box
O/P Output
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration
PA Power Amplifier
PAF Powerwave Amplifier Frame
PAR Peak to Average Ration
PCB Printed Circuit Board
PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PCN Personal Communications Network
PCS {Personal Communications Services
{Personal Communication System(s)
PDA Personal Digital Assistant
PEP Peak Envelope Power
PF PicoFarads
PHS Personal Handyphone System – Japan
PLC Product Life Cycle
PLL Phase Locked Loop
PM {Phase Modulation
{Preventive Maintenance
PMR Peak to Minimum Ratio
PO Purchase Order
PPM Parts Per Million
PSC {PCS Single Channel
{Product Serialization Code
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PTI Powerwave Technologies, Inc.
PTT Push To Talk
PWAV PowerWAVe
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Abbreviation/
Acronym Definition
QA Quality Assurance
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
RBW Resolution BandWidth
RF Radio Frequency
RFI Radio Frequency Interference
RFQ Request For Quotation
RFS RF Solutions
RFSU RF Switching Unit
RGO Return Goods Order
RH Relative Humidity
RL Return Loss
RMA {Rack-Mounted Amplifier
{Return Material Authorization
RMP Reliability Monitoring Plan (Procedure)
RMS Root Mean Square
RSS Root Sum Square
Rx Receive, Receiver
SCHPA Single-Channel High Power Amplifier
SCPA Single Channel Power Amplifier
SIM System Interface Module
SMA SubMiniature Type A (coaxial connector)
SMT Surface Mount Technology
SN Serial Number
SO System Outage
SOE Sequence of Events
SW SoftWare
TBC To Be Confirmed
TBD To Be Determined (To Be Defined)
TCXO Temperature Controlled crystal Oscillator
TD {Temperature Drift
{Temporary Deviation
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
TRU Transmit Receive Unit
TRX Transceiver (Transmit / Receiver) Unit
Tx Transmit, Transmitter
UAI Use As Is
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Abbreviation/
Acronym Definition
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
UCL Upper Control Limit
UCLR Upper Control Limit for Range
UGL Upper Guardband Limit
UL Underwriters Laboratories
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UNL Unit Nominal Level
URG Unit Reference Gain
USL Upper Specification Limit
UUT Unit Under Test
VADJ Voltage ADJust (signal name frequently found on schematic or block
diagrams)
VBW Video BandWidth
VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator
VFWD Voltage ForWarD (signal name frequently found on schematic or block
diagrams)
VREFL Voltage REFLected (signal name frequently found on schematic or block
diagrams)
VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
VVA Voltage Variable Attenuator
WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
XMT Transmit
XMTR Transmitter
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Appendix 2 General Site Survey Form
1 Name of Operator: Brand Name:
Date: Info Source: Tel:
Your Name: Tel: Email:
BTS
Type / Supplier: Sectors(S) To Be Equipped:
Downlink Frequencies in use MHz to MHz.
Uplink Frequencies in use MHz to MHz.
Ant 0 Signals
BCCH present? TRXn
Ant 1 Signals
BCCH sometimes present? TRXn
Plans to add additional TRX during trial?
Feedline
Size: Length , dB Loss estimate
For existing sites: BTS jumper from BTS top to feedline on tower:
Shelter exit on up tower:
Jumper to antenna:
Overall feedline loss estimate from BTS to Antenna ____________________________dB
Jumpers
From power amplifier cabinet to feedline for tower required:
Length , Connector Type , and Gender ,
Location
On Roof Near Antenna? On Ground? Type of raised platform?
Adequate space including ½ meter min jumper bend radius at power amplifier left side?
Is a structural analysis needed?
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Network Link Budget
RF carrier power (each TRX) at BTS top connector (in dBm)?
Desired RF carrier power (each TRX) at power amplifier cabinet output connector (in dBm)?
Current system uplink and downlink balance or difference?
Is discontinuous transmit (DTX) feature used?
Power
AC Voltage available for power amplifier at site: Vac;
Amps
Singe Phase or Three Phase? (circle one)
Main Panel or Sub Panel? (circle one)
Required RF Jumpers (8x8x8 configuration)
9 pieces Type N male to Type N male, ½” Heliax jumper - BTS top to power amplifier cabinet
input
Length:
6 pieces 7/16 DIN male to 7/16 DIN male, ½” Heliax jumper - power amplifier cabinet output
to antenna feedline
Length:
Other? (Type & Length)
Required Cables (non-RF)
AC wiring from panel to power amplifier cabinet. Length:
Interconnecting alarm wire and connection. Length:
Ground bus wiring and attachment. Length:
Host is Responsible for
• Installing power mains panel
• Contractor management of cabinet mounting, installation and coax seal weatherproofing.
• Location preparation: structural analysis, platform installation, building code conformance,
site security
Photos Required
• BTS top connection
• BTS front inside showing TRX unit and number of TRX
• Wide view of BTS and proposed power amplifier cabinet location in same photo
• Proposed power amplifier cabinet location shown with a 1 meter long ruler in view nearby
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• Existing feedline cable to antenna (where power amplifier cabinet output will connect to)
• Power mains circuit breaker panel (shows adequate capacity for breakers)
• Misc. pictures showing tower and site access.
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Main European Office
Antennvägen 6
SE-187 80 Täby
Sweden
Tel: +46 8 540 822 00
Fax: +46 8 540 823 40
Hong Kong Office
23 F Tai Yau Building
181 Johnston Road
Wanchai, Hong Kong
Tel: +852 2512 6123
Fax: +852 2575 4860
Corporate Headquarters
Powerwave Technologies, In
1801 E c.
ast St. Andrew Place
Santa Ana, CA 92705 USA
Tel: 714-466-1000
Fax: 714-466-5800
www.powerwave.com
©Copyright October 2004, Powerwave Technologies, In
c. All Rights reserved. Powerwave, Powerwave Technologies, The Power in Wireless and the Powerwave logo are registered trademarks of Powerwave Technologies, Inc.