Powerwave Technologies 5JS0077 Multi-Carrier RF Power Amplifier User Manual

Powerwave Technologies Inc Multi-Carrier RF Power Amplifier Users Manual

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EHP19 Installation and Service Manual044-05210 Rev. ASeptember 2005 Integrated Power Transceiver PRELIMINARY

044-05205 Rev. A iWarnings, Cautions, and NotesWarnings, Cautions, and Notes are found throughout this manual where applicable. The associated icons are used to quickly identify a potential condition that could result in the consequences described below if precautions are not taken. Notes clarify and provide additional information to assist the user.WARNING: This warning symbol means danger. You are in a situation that could cause bodily injury or death. Before working on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical and RF circuits and be familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents.CAUTION: The caution symbol means reader be careful. In this situation, the user might do something that could result in equipment damage or loss of data. NOTE NOTE: The note symbol means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to material not covered in this document. Procedures are not contained in notes.

ii 044-05205 Rev. ARevision Record Revision Letter Date of Change Reason for ChangeRev. A September, 2005 Preliminary Release

044-05210 Rev. A 1-1Chapter 1Product Description1.1 IntroductionThis manual contains information and procedures for the installation, operation, and maintenance of the EHP19 Integrated Power Transceiver (IPT).1.2 Scope of ManualThis manual is intended for use by service technicians familiar with similar types of equipment. It contains service information required for the equipment described and is current as of the printing date. Changes which occur after the printing date may be incorporated by a complete manual revision or alternatively as additions.The manual is organized into the following chapters:• Chapter 1 - Product Description• Chapter 2 - Installation• Chapter 3 - Operation• Chapter 4 - Maintenance• Chapter 5 - Specifications and Drawings1.3 Functional DescriptionThe IPT is a high efficiency RF single channel power amplifier with an internal analog pre-distorter for use with the Radio Base Station (RBS) digital pre-distorter system for RF output linearity. The IPT has an operational bandwidth of 60 MHz from 1930 MHz to 1990 MHz producing a typical output of 60.2 watts (47.8 dBm). The IPT is shown in Figure 1-1. Detailed functional and physical specifications for the IPT are listed in Chapter 5.1.3.1 RF InterfaceThe IPT RF interfaces consist of the TX OUT port located on the top of the IPT front panel and the RX0 and RX1 ports located on the bottom of the IPT front panel. 1.3.2 Main TransceiverThe following circuits are part of the main transceiver section.1.3.2.1 Customer Interface/CPRI InputThe incoming serial data stream from the customer interface (DRIC) front panel connector is applied to a Serialiser-Deserialiser (SerDes), converted into a parallel format and decoded. The customer interface also includes processing of the frame alignment, byte alignment and chip alignment, including delay adjustment. A clock acts as the frequency reference for the entire transmitter. The clock is extracted from the incoming signal using a phase locked loop (PLL). There are two outputs

Functional Description1-2 044-05210 Rev. A from this block: control data and signal data. The control data determines parameters such as channel frequencies, signal ramp-up/ramp down and transmit power level. These functions are implemented in a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).1.3.2.2 Digital Up Converter (DUC)The DUC modulates individual symbol streams from the signal data stream on to baseband carriers and applies root-raised cosine channel filtering. This function is implemented on an Application-Specific Standard Product (ASSP).1.3.2.3 Crest Factor Reduction (CFR)The CFR function is implemented in the FPGA. The CPR varies the DUC signals to reduce the peak-to average power of the transmit signal to allow the P-Mod to operate with higher efficiency ensuring the transmit signals stay in the occupied bandwidth/spectral mask limits. 1.3.2.4 Data Interpolation (INT)The interpolation function, which is implemented in the FPGA, changes the sampling rate up to 92.16 Msps.1.3.2.5 Digital Predistortion (DPD)The DPD function, which uses an ASSP DPD engine, and a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), processes the forward path signal to compensate for the non-linearities in the forward path. The DPD function ensures that the transmitter operates at the correct power level over variations in supply voltage, load impedance, temperature and aging.The DPD function also provides compensation for imperfections in the AUC such as differential delay, I-Q amplitude and phase balance and DC offset/carrier leakage. the linearisation lock function monitors the operation of the signal and turns off the transmitter if the system is not functioning correctly. The digital output signal from the DPD engine is converted back to an analog signal in a high-speed digital-to-analogue converter (DAC).1.3.2.6 Analog Up Converter (AUC)The AUC uses a direct-conversion architecture (I-Q modulator) to transform the I-Q baseband signals from the DPD up to the operating RF frequency.1.3.2.7 Observation Path (OBS)The OBS act as a high performance radio receiver tuned to the RF transmit frequency. The OBS converts the sampled RF transmit signal to a VHF intermediate frequency where it is sampled by a high-speed analogue-to-digital converter (ADC). The output of the ADC is fed to the DPD block, compared with the drive signal and then used to update the parameters in the DPD algorithms running on the DSP. 1.3.2.8 Clock ModuleThe FPGA high-speed serial interface (SerDes) extracts a timing clock from the incoming data stream, the transmit frequency stability depends on the accuracy of the incoming input signal. The recovered clock is used to synchronize a crystal oscillator used as a clean frequency reference for the timing functions on the TRx board (RF LOs, DAC and ADC clocks, Tx, Rx and lineariser signal processing clocks). The reference is used as a direct reference for the RL local oscillators. Except for the digital clocks, the reference is passed to a PLL VCO, which is then subdivided. All RF PLLs include lock-detect signals to allow the transmitter to be turned off if there is a fault with a PLL.

Functional Description044-05210 Rev. A 1-31.3.3 Power ModuleThe P-Mod is a multi-stage amplifier, which amplifies the low level signal from the AUC up to the RF output power level of +47.8 dBm (60.25 W). The P-Mod consists of a two-stage pre-driver, a driver amplifier and an output stage. The bias currents are electronically calibrated during factory test and bias setting and temperature compensation are controlled by a master control unit on the P-Mod PCB. The P-Mod also includes a directional coupler, which allows a sample of the transmit signal to be fed to the observation path and an isolator, which protects the P-Mod from damage or potential oscillation under adverse RF load conditions. An RF switch allows either the observation signal or the reflected power from the antenna connector, measured at the third port of the isolator, to be passed to the TRx1.3.4 Front PanelThe front panel contains a RESET switch and four status and alarm LEDs.Figure 1-1 Integrated Power Transceiver Front and Rear Isometric ViewFRONT REAR

Functional Description1-4 044-05210 Rev. A 1.3.5 Operational StatesThe IPT has three operational states: Operational, Disabled and Not Ready.The IPT remains in the Not Ready state during start-up until all parameters are met for the IPT to become operational.The IPT is normally in the Operational state: no faults are present, the IPT internal temperature is within limits, appropriate DC power is applied, and the IPT is producing RF output. The green operational (O) LED on the Man Machine Interface is lit.The Disabled state is ordered from the RBS (if there is a fault in the IPT or in other RBS units) or entered automatically when a critical hardware error is detected by the IPT. The Disabled state causes the IPT to shut down, but it can be enabled by the RBS if the fault is cleared.1.3.6 State TransitionsThe IPT has five state transitions: Reset, Status OK, Alarm, Disable, and Enable.Reset initiates the Not Ready state. This state is entered when power is initially applied to the IPT or from a dedicated reset signal from the RBS to the IPT.Status OK is entered from the Not Ready state and initiates the Operational state when commanded by the IPTAlarm initiates the Disabled state from the Operational state if the IPT detects a hardware or temperature fault. The RBS reads the potential fault cause for fault logging.Disable is ordered from the RBS to force the IPT to go to the Disabled state and shut down. Power on of the IPT after a Disable can only be ordered by the RBS through a RESET command.Enable is ordered from the RBS to power on the IPT after it has been disabled. The IPT enters the Operational state after checking status and temperatures and re-perform start-up if required.1.3.7 DC Power (DC)DC power (-48 Vdc nominal) is supplied by the RBS to the IPT through the rear mounted connector. Refer to Table 1-1 for a description of the DC connector inputs.1.3.7.1 Power SupplyThe power supply assembly contains two subassemblies. The DC/DC converter produces regulated +28 Vdc, +9 Vdc and +6.5 Vdc from the -48 Vdc supply for the IPT internal supply. The low voltage supply uses the +6.5 Vdc from the DC/DC converter to provide regulated 3.3 Vdc, 1.8 Vdc and 1.5 Vdc reference level supplies. Table 1-1 DC Power Connections Pins Signal Name Description1,2 GND (-48V_RTN) DC plus (isolated from amplifier chassis)3,4 -48V DC minus (isolated from amplifier chassis)5,6 GND (NC) Not connected

Functional Description044-05210 Rev. A 1-5

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044-05210 Rev. A 2-1Chapter 2Installation2.1 IntroductionThis chapter contains unpacking, inspection and installation instructions for the EHP19 Integrated Power Transceiver (IPT).• Carefully read and understand all material in the chapter prior to installation.• Review any government and local codes applicable to this installation.• Before operating the equipment, read the operating instructions in Chapter 3.2.2 Unpacking and InspectionPerform the steps in Table 2-1 to unpack and inspect the IPT.2.2.1 Damaged EquipmentIf the equipment is damaged, a claim should be filed with the carrier when the extent of any damage is assessed. Contact the factory for a return material authorization (RMA). Refer to Chapter 4.2.3 Installation InstructionsPerform the following to install the IPT.Table 2-1 IPT Unpacking and Inspection Instructions Step Action1Carefully open the container and remove the IPT.2Visually inspect the IPT for damage that may have occurred during shipment. Check for evidence of water damage, bent or warped chassis, loose screws or nuts, or extraneous packing material in connectors. If possible, inspect the equipment in the presence of the delivery person.3If possible, retain all packing material that can be reused for repackaging the components.WARNING: Ensure the RF power has been removed from the RF input cable before connecting the RF input cable.

Installation Instructions2-2 044-05210 Rev. A Table 2-2 IPT Installation Step Action1Carefully slide the IPT into the subrack.2Secure the IPT in the subrack by tightening the thumbscrews.3Connect the TX cable, RX0 and RX1 cables as shown in Figure 2-1.Figure 2-1 IPT Connector LocationsTransmit Output (TX)Receive 0(RX0) InputReceive 1(RX1) Input

044-05205 Rev A 3-1Chapter 3Operation3.1 IntroductionThis chapter contains operating instructions for the EHP19 Integrated Power Transceiver (IPT).3.2 Controls and IndicatorsThe IPT provides one switch, four LED indicators, one ethernet connector, one serial connector and two RS-485 connectors as shown in Figure 3-1.3.2.1 Reset SwitchThe Reset recessed pushbutton switch allows the operator to reset the IPT control circuits.Figure 3-1 IPT Indicators and Controls

Initial Start-Up and Operating Procedures3-2 044-05205 Rev. A3.2.2 Status and Alarm IndicatorsMCPA alarm conditions are reported to the system as logic level signals through the rear connector. The front panel LED provides a visual reference for the operator of MCPA status. Refer to Table 3-1.The IPT ALARM (INT.) lights when a IPT fault occurs. The IPT control logic provides the following alarms to the RBS when a fault occurs:• Temperature out of range• Voltage out of range• Current out of range• Open circuit (reported as a voltage out or range alarm)• Short circuit (reported as a current out of range alarm)• Hardware fault. A hardware fault always requires removal and replacement of the IPT to resolve the fault condition.Some MCPA alarms are caused by faults external to the IPT such as an out of tolerance DC supply or RF supply. A major fault will disable the RF output of the IPT, a minor fault has no effect on the RF output. Conditions external to the IPT should be investigated before replacing the IPT. 3.3 Initial Start-Up and Operating ProceduresNo operator action is required during start-up and normal operations: the IPT powers up when -48 Vdc power is applied, the IPT internal temperature is within operating range, no faults are present, RF input and output are within specifications and the IPT is commanded to power up by the RBS logic. If the IPT does not power up or the ALARM (INT.) LED stays lit, refer to Paragraph 4.3 for troubleshooting instructions.CAUTION: Before applying power, ensure the input and output of the system is properly terminated at 50 ohms. Do not operate the system without a load attached. Refer to Chapter 5 for input power requirements, excessive input power may damage the IPT.

044-05210 Rev. A 4-1Chapter 4Maintenance4.1 IntroductionThis chapter contains the periodic maintenance, troubleshooting and removal and replacement instructions for the EHP19 Integrated Power Transceiver (IPT).4.2 Periodic MaintenanceRecommended periodic maintenance requirements are listed in Table 4-1.4.3 TroubleshootingPerform the instructions in Table 4-2 if the IPT becomes inoperative.4.4 Module Field ReplacementThe IPT should be removed and replaced only by a qualified technician with experience maintaining RF power amplifiers and similar equipment. NOTE Check your sales order and equipment warranty before attempting any service or repair activity. Do not break the seals on equipment under warranty or the warranty will be null and void. Do not return equipment for warranty or repair service until proper shipping instructions are received from the factory. Refer to Paragraph 4.5.Table 4-1 Recommended Periodic MaintenanceTask Interval ActionInspection of cables and connectors 12 months Inspect signal and power connectors for frayed insulation. Check RF connectors for tightness.Cleaning As Required Clean as required depending on equipment operating environment.Table 4-2 Troubleshooting Step Action1 Press the IPT RESET button. Check to see if the fault clears.2Check for proper DC supply voltage.3 Verify all RF connections are tight.4Verify that the MCPA does not have a major fault.5 Contact your field representative or the factory if major fault does not clear.

Return For Service Procedures4-2 044-05210 Rev A4.4.1 IPT Removal and Replacement ProcedurePerform the following to remove and replace the IPT:4.5 Return For Service ProceduresPerform the instructions in the following paragraphs to ensure optimum response when returning products to Powerwave.4.5.1 Obtaining An RMAA Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained prior to returning equipment to the factory for service. Contact Powerwave at (714) 466-1000 or send a fax to (714) 466-5800 for an RMA number. Failure to obtain the RMA number can result in delays in receiving repair service.4.5.2 Repackaging For ShipmentReuse the original package designed for shipping the amplifier to ensure safe shipment of the amplifier. Contact Powerwave for packing materials if the original packaging is not available.WARNING: Ensure the RF power has been removed from the RF input cable before disconnecting or reconnecting the RF input cable.Table 4-3 IPT Removal and Replacement Step Action1 DIsconnect cables at the TX, RX0 and RX1 inputs.2Loosen the thumbscrews and slide the IPT out of the subrack.3 To replace the IPT, carefully slide the IPT back into the subrack slot, tighten the thumbscrews and replace the RF cables.

044-05210 Rev A 5-1Chapter 5Specifications5.1 Power Amplifier Unit (IPT) SpecificationsTable 5-1 IPT Functional and Physical SpecificationsFrequency Range 1925 to 1995 MHz Instantaneous Bandwidth 5 MHzTotal Typical / Maximum Input Power 2.9 dBm (1.9 mW) typical / 12.0 dBm (15.8 mW) maximumTotal Output Power 26.3 watts typical / 33.1 watts maximumAdjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio ACLR1 less than -33.5 dBcACLR2 less than -54.8 dBcRF Gain 42.3 dB +/- 2 dB over the frequency and temperature rangeGain Flatness Less than 1.5 dBOutput Protection Mismatch protectedInput Port Return Loss Less than -15 dBHarmonics Less than -34 dBm / 1 MhzOut of Band Spurious Lower -27 dBm / Higher -27 dBmDuty Cycle ContinuousDC Input Power From -57.0 Vdc to -38.5 Vdc (-48 Vdc nominal) Current limit is 8 amps maximin for less than 10 milliseconds Operating Temperature -33 to +45 °C Normal Operation-45 to +55 °C Exceptional Operation*-50 to +60 °C Nondestructive Operation**Storage Temperature -25 to +55 °COperating Humidity 15 to 100% Normal Operation8 to 100% Exceptional Operation*5 to 100% Nondestructive Operation**Storage Humidity 10 to 100 per centRBS / IPT communication Dual I²c serial bus, 0 to 100 KHz baud rateRF Input Connector SMA-FemaleRF Output Connector SMA-FemalePower Consumption Less than 207 watts maximum during normal operation186 watts typical, 60 watts maximum at low temperature startWeight 7.3 lbs. (3.3 kg.)Dimensions 14.6 in. (37.1 cm) wide by 2.1 in. (5.3 cm) high by 9.8 in. (24.9 cm) deep

5-2 044-05210 Rev AFigure 5-1 Model EHP19 IPT Front View inin

044-05210 Rev. A 5-3Figure 5-2 Model EHP19 IPT Side View in

5-4 044-05210 Rev A

044-05210 Rev A 5-1Chapter 5Specifications5.1 SpecificationsTable 5-1 IPT Functional and Physical Specifications Frequency Range 1930 to 1990 MHz Instantaneous Bandwidth 15 MHzTotal Typical / Maximum Input Power N/ATotal Output Power 60.2 watts (47.8 dBm) typical Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio ACLR1 less than -33.5 dBcACLR2 less than -54.8 dBcRF Gain N/AGain Flatness Better than +/- 0.5 dBOutput Protection Mismatch protectedInput Port Return Loss N/AHarmonics Less than -34 dBm / 1 MhzOut of Band Spurious Lower -27 dBm / Higher -27 dBmDuty Cycle ContinuousDC Input Power From -57.6 Vdc to -38.4 Vdc (-48 Vdc nominal) Current limit is 10.1 amps, 9.8 amps typical (at -48 Vdc)Operating Temperature -33 to +45 °C Normal Operation-45 to +55 °C Exceptional Operation*-50 to +60 °C Nondestructive Operation**Storage Temperature -25 to +55 °COperating Humidity 15 to 100% Normal Operation8 to 100% Exceptional Operation*5 to 100% Nondestructive Operation**Storage Humidity 10 to 100 per centRBS / IPT communicationRF Input Connector SMA-FemaleRF Output Connector SMA-FemalePower Consumption Less than 207 watts maximum during normal operation186 watts typical, 60 watts maximum at low temperature startWeight 7.3 lbs. (3.3 kg.)Dimensions Refer to Figure Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2

5-2 044-05210 Rev AFigure 5-1 EHP19 IPT Side View290 mm357 mm

044-05210 Rev. A 5-3Figure 5-2 EHP19 IPT Front View 356 mm59 mm

5-4 044-05210 Rev A