Proxim Wireless U53-45 UNII Radio User Manual 3 1 Shipping Container

Proxim Wireless Corporation UNII Radio 3 1 Shipping Container

User manual

INSTALLATION AND

MAINTENANCE MANUAL

DS-3 (45 Mbps), wayside T1

LICENSE-FREE RADIOS

5.3/5.8 GHz (U-NII, LE-LAN)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

Installation and Maintenance Manual

manual may be reproduced without prior written permission from Western Multiplex.

The information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. Western

Multiplex shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential

damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this manual or equipment

supplied with this manual. Western Multiplex makes no warranty of any kind with regard to

this manual or any equipment supplied with this manual, including, but not limited to, the

implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.

Heliax is a registered product of Andrews Corporation.

Fireberd is a registered product of Telecommunications Techniques Corporation.

Printed in the United States of America

Notice: Y2K (Year 2000 Issue)

All software supplied by and for Western Multiplex products adheres to the four-(4) digit

year nomenclature as required for Year 2000 compliance.

Western Multiplex Corporation

1196 Borregas Avenue

Sunnyvale, CA 94089-1302

TEL : (408) 542-5200

FAX : (408) 542-5300

P/N: MAN-27701

Issue: January 2001

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

This page intentionally left blank

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

iii

Regulatory Notice

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class B digital device,

pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection

against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can

radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may

cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference

will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or

television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is

encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

* Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

* Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

* Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected.

* Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Shielded cables and I/O cords must be used for this equipment to comply with the relevant FCC

regulations.

Changes or modifications not expressly approved in writing by Western Multiplex may void the user's

authority to operate this equipment.

This device complies with RSS-210 and/or RSS-139 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the

following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept

any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.

This device is intended to be installed by qualified professional personnel.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

This page intentionally left blank

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

vW/CS97-1

GENERAL TERMS

1.1 All Definitions contained in Western Multiplex's Conditions of Sale

(Western Multiplex document number CS96-8), apply to the

Warranty.

1.2 Subject to the provisions of the Warranty, Western Multiplex

warrants that the equipment described in Paragraph 1.3 shall

conform to their specifications described in Paragraph 1.4 in all

material respects and that the equipment shall be free from

material defects in materials and workmanship.

1.3 This Warranty applies to all original purchases of Western

manufactured equipment and accessories (collectively the

"Equipment").

1.4 This Warranty applies to the specifications contained in the most

recent version of the manual for the model of the Equipment

purchased (the "Specifications").

1.5 This Warranty does not apply to the following items of Equipment

which are covered by the Original Equipment Manufacturer's

warranty:

(a) antenna systems, including coax cable, waveguide, connectors

flex-sections, mounts, other parts of the antenna system and

installation materials;

(b) non-Western manufactured rack mounted equipment that is

assembled wired and tested at Western's factory or supplied as

part of a system, including orderwire items, channel banks,

multiplexers, fuse/alarm panels, remote alarm items; and

1.6 The effective period of this Warranty shall start on the date of

shipment of the Equipment and shall end:

(a) for all unlicensed radio products and for all licensed digital

microwave radio products, two (2) years later;

(b) for all analog microwave radio products, three (3) years later; or

"Warranty Period").

1.7 The Customer acknowledges that Western does not represent or

warrant that the services provided by Western under this Warranty

will ensure uninterrupted or error-free operation of the Equipment.

RETURN OF EQUIPMENT UNDER WARRANTY

2.1 If an item of Equipment malfunctions or fails in normal intended

usage and maintenance within the applicable Warranty Period:

(a) the Customer shall promptly notify Western Multiplex of the

problem and the serial number of the defective item;

(b) Western Multiplex shall, at its sole option, either resolve the

problem over the telephone or provide the Customer with a

Returned Materials Authorization number (RMA #) and the

address of the location to which the Customer may ship the

defective item;

shall attach a label to each Returned item describing the fault

and the Customer's Return address. The Customer shall, at its

cost, properly pack the item to be Returned, prepay the

insurance and shipping charges, and ship the item to the

specified location;

(d) if the Western Multiplex product shall prove to be defective in

material or workmanship upon examination by Western

Multiplex, Western Multiplex shall either repair or replace the

Returned item at its sole option. The replacement item may be

new or refurbished; if refurbished, it shall be equivalent in

operation to new Equipment. If a Returned item is replaced by

Western Multiplex, the Customer agrees that the Returned item

shall become the property of Western Multiplex.

(e) Western Multiplex shall at its cost, ship the repaired item or

replacement to any destination within the United States of

America by carrier and method of delivery chosen by Western

Multiplex. If the Customer has requested some other form of

conveyance, such as express shipping, or is located beyond the

USA borders, then the Customer shall pay to the cost of return

shipment.

2.2 Equipment which is repaired or replaced by Western Multiplex

under this Warranty shall be covered under all of the provisions of

this Warranty for the remainder of the applicable Warranty Period

or ninety (90) days from the date of shipment of the repaired item

or replacement, whichever period is longer.

DEFAULT AND TERMINATION

3.1 Western Multiplex may immediately terminate this Warranty and all

of its performance under this Warranty, upon notification to the

Customer, if the Customer:

(a) makes any unauthorized modifications to the Equipment;

(b) assigns or transfers the Customer's rights or obligations under

this Warranty without the written consent of Western Multiplex;

(d) has not paid Western Multiplex all amounts for the Equipment,

services, or other additional charges within thirty (30) days of

receipt of written notice from Western Multiplex.

3.2 If this Warranty is terminated by Western Multiplex, the Customer

shall remain liable for all amounts due to Western Multiplex.

FORCE MAJEURE

4.1 "Force Majeure" has the same meaning as defined in Western

Multiplex's Conditions of Sale (Western Multiplex document

number CS96-8).

4.2 Western Multiplex shall not be responsible for failure to discharge

its obligations under this Warranty due to Force Majeure.

LIMITATIONS AND QUALIFICATIONS OF WARRANTY

5.1 This Warranty does not apply to any damage, defect or failure

caused by:

(a) any part of the Equipment having been modified, adapted,

repaired, or improperly installed, operated, maintained, transported

or relocated by any person other than Western Multiplex personnel

or a Western Multiplex authorized service agent, without Western

Multiplex's prior written consent;

(b) storage or environmental conditions which do not conform to the

applicable sections of the appropriate Western Multiplex

Equipment Manual;

Maintenance Instructions of the appropriate Western Multiplex

Equipment Manual;

(d) external causes, including external electrical stress or lightning, or

use in conjunction with incompatible equipment, unless such use

was with Western's prior written consent;

(e) cosmetic damage;

(f) accidental damage, negligence, neglect, mishandling, abuse or

misuse, other than by Western Multiplex personnel or a Western

Multiplex authorized service agent; or

(g) Force Majeure.

Please see reverse side for additional limitations on damages.

WARRANTY

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

W/CS97-1 vi

LIMITATIONS ON DAMAGES (North America)

6.1 THE WARRANTY STATED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS

THE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY FOR THE

EQUIPMENT; WESTERN MULTIPLEX SPECIFICALLY

DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND,

EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY

WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

PURPOSE AND OF MERCHANTABILITY.

6.2 WESTERN MULTIPLEX SHALL NOT BE LIABLE IN

TORT, INCLUDING LIABILITY IN NEGLIGENCE OR

STRICT LIABILITY, AND SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY

AT ALL FOR INJURY TO PERSONS OR PROPERTY.

WESTERN MULTIPLEX'S LIABILITY FOR FAILURE TO

FULFIL ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS WARRANTY

OR ANY OTHER LIABILITY UNDER OR IN

CONNECTION WITH THE EQUIPMENT SHALL BE

LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT OF THE PURCHASE

PRICE OF THE EQUIPMENT. THE REMEDIES

STATED IN THIS WARRANTY ARE THE CUSTOMER'S

EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AGAINST WESTERN

MULTIPLEX REGARDING THE EQUIPMENT.

6.3 EVEN IF WESTERN MULTIPLEX HAS BEEN ADVISED

OF THE POSSIBILITY OF THEM, WESTERN

MULTIPLEX SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY

INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR

CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING THE COST

OF LABOR BY THE CUSTOMER'S OWN EMPLOYEES,

AGENTS OR CONTRACTORS IN IDENTIFYING,

REMOVING OR REPLACING THE DEFECTIVE ITEM;

LOST PROFITS, AND REVENUES; FAILURE TO

REALIZE EXPECTED SAVINGS; ANY CLAIM AGAINST

A CUSTOMER BY A THIRD PARTY; OR ANY OTHER

COMMERCIAL OR ECONOMIC LOSSES OF ANY

KIND.

6.4 THESE LIMITATIONS AND DISCLAIMERS ARE NOT

MADE BY WESTERN MULTIPLEX WHERE

PROHIBITED BY LAW.

LIMITATIONS ON DAMAGES (International)

6.1 THE WARRANTY STATED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS

THE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY FOR THE

EQUIPMENT; ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY

KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY

WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

PURPOSE AND OF MERCHANTABILITY ARE

EXCLUDED TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED

BY LAW.

6.2 WESTERN MULTIPLEX 'S LIABILITY FOR FAILURE TO

FULFIL ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS WARRANTY

OR IN TORT OR AS A RESULT OF STRICT LIABILITY

OR ANY OTHER LIABILITY UNDER OR IN

CONNECTION WITH THE EQUIPMENT OR ITS

SUPPLY SHALL BE LIMITED, EXCEPT IN RESPECT

OF DEATH AND PERSONAL INJURY CAUSED BY

WESTERN MULTIPLEX'S NEGLIGENCE, TO THE

AMOUNT OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE

EQUIPMENT. THE REMEDIES STATED IN THIS

WARRANTY ARE THE CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE

REMEDIES AGAINST WESTERN MULTIPLEX

REGARDING THE EQUIPMENT.

6.3 EVEN IF WESTERN MULTIPLEX HAS BEEN ADVISED

OF THE POSSIBILITY OF THEM, WESTERN

MULTIPLEX SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY

INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR

CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING THE COST

OF LABOR BY THE CUSTOMER'S OWN EMPLOYEES,

AGENTS OR CONTRACTORS IN IDENTIFYING,

REMOVING OR REPLACING THE DEFECTIVE ITEM;

LOST PROFITS, AND REVENUES; FAILURE TO

REALIZE EXPECTED SAVINGS; ANY CLAIM AGAINST

A CUSTOMER BY A THIRD PARTY; OR ANY OTHER

COMMERCIAL OR ECONOMIC LOSSES OF ANY

KIND.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

vii W/CS97-1

DEFINITIONS

1.1 In these Conditions, unless there is something in the subject

matter or context necessarily inconsistent:

(a) "Western" means Western Multiplex Corporation (d.b.a.

Western Multiplex), Sunnyvale, CA;

(b) "Equipment" means the equipment itemized on the

Quotation/Order Acknowledgment;

of America and Canada, including their territories and

possessions;

(d) "North America" means any location in the United States of

America and Canada, including their territories and

possessions;

(e) "Order Acknowledgment" means the sales order

acknowledgment provided by Western to the Customer;

(f) "Payment Instructions" means Western's payment

instructions, (Western document P197-1);

(g) "Quotation" means the quotation signed by an authorized

representative of Western and provided to the Customer;

(h) "Shipping Date" means the actual date on which the

Equipment left Western's factory at Sunnyvale, CA, U.S.A.;

(i) "Warranty" means Western's warranty, document W97-1;

(j) "Invoice" means the bill of goods prepared by Western for

the equipment with the shipping and any insurance costs.

1.2 Headings have been inserted in these Conditions for convenience

of reference only and will not effect their construction.

ENTIRE AGREEMENT

2.1 The Quotation, these Conditions of Sale, the Order

Acknowledgment, the Payment Instructions and the Warranty shall

apply to all sales made by Western and shall constitute the entire

agreement by Western and the Customer (the "Agreement ").

2.2 Any terms and/or conditions of sale, which may be included on the

Customer's purchase order form or any communication from the

Customer, that are not identical with the terms and conditions

steed in this document shall NOT become a part of the agreement

of sale unless expressly agreed to in writing in the Quotation.

2.3 Western's failure to object to any terms and/or conditions of sale

contained in any communication from the Customer shall not be

considered as acceptance of such terms and/or conditions or as a

waiver of the terms and conditions of sale contained herein.

2.4 Western shall sell to the Customer, and the Customer shall

purchase from Western, the Equipment in accordance with the

Agreement. Western accepts the Customer's purchase orders for

Equipment and agrees to deliver the Equipment to the Customer

only on the terms of the Agreement.

2.5 No variation of the Agreement shall be binding unless agreed to in

writing by authorized representatives of Western and the

Customer.

PRICING

3.1 All prices in the Quotation are exclusive of all shipping charges

and all applicable taxes including but not limited to, federal, state,

local, excise, sales and use taxes.

3.2 All prices in the Quotation unless otherwise stated:

(a) for North American customers are FOB Sunnyvale, CA,

USA. (New York Uniform Commercial Code); or

(b) for international customers are Ex-Works, Sunnyvale, CA,

U.S.A. (Incoterms 1990).

3.3 All prices in the Quotation include standard domestic packing,

unless a separate line item is provided detailing export or special

packing charges.

SHIPPING AND INSURANCE

4.1 Western shall arrange shipping and insurance when requested by

the Customer, and shall bill the Customer for the Equipment with

the shipping and any insurance costs as separate items, on an

invoice (the "Invoice").

4.2 Delivery dates quoted by Western are to be considered estimates

only. In no event will Western be liable for any loss or damage

resulting from its failure to deliver products within a specified time.

TERMS OF PAYMENT

5.1 The Customer shall pay for all Equipment, including shipping and

insurance in accordance with the terms of the Invoice.

5.2 All Invoices for North American Customers are due and payable in

thirty (30) days from the date of the Invoice.

5.3 International Customers shall make payments in accordance with

Western's Payment Instructions by either:

(a) providing a wire transfer (telegraphic transfer) for the full

amount of the Equipment, shipping and insurance charges

contained in the Quotation or the pro-forma Invoice sent to

the Customer, prior to the Shipping Date; or

(b) establishing an acceptable Letter of Credit (LC) for the full

amount of the Equipment, shipping and insurance charges

contained in the Quotation prior to the order being booked

and accepted by Western.

5.4 If a Customer fails to pay an Invoice when due, Western may,

without prejudice to am other remedy, postpone shipments, alter

payment terms, terminate the Agreement and charge interest on

all overdue amounts the rate of 1.5% per month compounded

monthly (or if less, the maximum allowed by law). Upon demand,

the Customer shall pay all such interest charges and all

reasonable collection fees, including reasonable legal expenses.

SECURITY FOR PAYMENT

6.1 If the Customer is located in North America, the Customer grants

to Western a purchase money security interest in the Equipment to

secure the payment of the purchase price of the Equipment and all

other amounts due from the Customer.

6.2 If the Customer is not located in North America:

(a) despite delivery and passing of risk in the Equipment and

any other provision of these Conditions, the title in the

Equipment shall not pass to the Customer until Western has

received payment in full of the purchase price of the

Equipment and all other amounts then due from the

Customer, and

(b) until the title in the Equipment passes to the Customer:

(i) the Customer shall hold the equipment as Western 's

fiduciary agent and bailee, and shall properly store,

protect and insure the Equipment and shall identify the

Equipment as Western property;

(ii) if the Customer fails to pay Western in accordance with

the agreed payment terms, Western may require the

Customer to deliver up the Equipment to Western,

and, if the Customer does not, Western may enter on

the premises where the Equipment is stored and

repossess the Equipment; and

(iii) the Customer shall not pledge the Equipment by way

of security for any, indebtedness of the Customer, but if

the Customer does so all moneys owed by the

Customer to Western shall, without prejudice to any

other remedy of Western, immediately become due.

CHANGES TO PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS

7.1 Western may, without notice to the Customer, make changes to

the specifications of Equipment which do not materially affect the

quality or performance of the Equipment.

EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION AND EXPEDITING CHARGES

8.1 At the Customer's request, Western may, for a fee agreed in

advance:

(a) reconfigure the Equipment; or

(b) expedite the Customer's order.

CONDITIONS OF SALE

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

W/CS97-1 viii

SHORTAGES

9.1 The customer shall not make any claim for shortages (which are

items that the Invoice does not show are on back-order) after

twenty-one (21) days after the date of the Invoice.

RETURNS AND EXCHANGES

10.1 The return of defective Equipment is covered by the Warranty .

10.2 The Customer may only return Equipment that is not defective if:

(a) the Equipment does not correspond with the Customer's

purchase order; or

(b) the Equipment has been ordered in error by the Customer

and Western has permitted the Customer to remedy the

mistake by ordering the correct equipment and resuming the

Equipment and the Customer obtains a Returned Materials

Authorization number ("RMA #") from Western prior to

returning any Equipment.

10.3 Western reserves the right to charge a fee for returned equipment

under Subparagraph 10.2(b) with the amount of the fee being

determined prior to an RMA # being given by Western.

10.4 Authorized returns of equipment under Paragraph 10.2 must be in

an undamaged condition, in the original configuration, in the

original packing materials and within a time period agreed to when

the RMA # was issued.

10.5 If the Customer does not comply with the provisions of Paragraphs

10.2, 10.3, and 10.4, the Customer shall pay the full amount of the

Invoice.

10.6 The party liable for all shipping, insurance and any other expenses

incurred by the Customer in returning the Equipment under

Paragraph 10.2 and for all loss or damage to the Equipment until

received by Western, shall be: (a) for all items returned under

Subparagraph 10.2(a), Western and (b) for all items resumed

under Subparagraph 10.2(b), the Customer.

CANCELLATION

11.1 If the Customer cancels an order before the Shipping Date,

Western reserves the right to charge the Customer a cancellation

charge up to 100% of the amount of the order.

11.2 The Customer shall pay all cancellation charges within thirty (30)

days from date of the Invoice.

FORCE MAJEURE

12.1 Western shall not be liable if its performance of the Agreement

becomes commercially impractical due to any contingency beyond

Western's reasonable control, including acts of God, fires, floods,

wars, sabotage, civil unrest, accidents, labor disputes or

shortages, government laws, rules and regulations, whether valid

or invalid, inability to obtain material, equipment or transportation,

incorrect, delayed or incomplete specifications, drawings or data

supplied by the Customer or others (collectively "Force Majeure").

In no event of Force Majeure shall Western be required to

purchase goods from others to enable it to deliver the Equipment

under the Agreement.

ENGINEERING AND SYSTEM DESIGN

13.1 The Customer is solely responsible for the engineering, design,

integration and normal preventative and remedial maintenance of

the Customer's system for which Western supplies Equipment.

13.2 Western is not responsible for the satisfactory operation of the

Equipment in conjunction with other manufacturer's equipment, nor

for any losses which may occur as a result of a failure of the

Equipment to operate in conjunction with other manufacturer's

equipment.

WARRANTY

14.1 All Equipment is covered by the Warranty.

14.2 THE WARRANTY CONTAINS LlMITATIONS ON THE

CUSTOMER'S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES AGAINST WESTERN

UNDER THE AGREEMENT. THE CUSTOMER

ACKNOWLEDGES HAVING READ, UNDERSTOOD AND

AGREED TO THOSE LIMITATIONS.

DAMAGES FOR BREACH OF AGREEMENT

15.1 If either party is successful in any litigation between the parties

based on the Agreement, the successful party shall recover from

the other, in addition to direct damages, the successful party's

reasonable attorney's fees and other costs of litigation.

INSOLVENCY OF CUSTOMER, ETC.

16.1 Western may cancel the Agreement and suspend any further

deliveries under the Agreement without any liability to the

Customer, and, if Equipment has been delivered but not paid for,

the price shall become immediately due and payable despite any

other agreement to the contrary if:

(a) any proceedings in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or

liquidation are taken against the Customer;

(b) the Customer makes an assignment for the benefit of

creditors or commits an act of bankruptcy or insolvency;

ordinary course of its business, or transfers all or

substantially all of its property;

(d) the Equipment is seized under any legal process or

confiscated; or

(e) Western in good faith believes that the ability of the

Customer to pay or perform any provision of the Agreement

is impaired, or that any of the events mentioned above is

about to occur.

NOTICE

17.1 All requests, instructions and notices from one party to the other

must be in writing and may be given via registered post or

facsimile transmission to the address of the parties shown on the

Quotation or Order Acknowledgment.

EXPORT PROVISIONS

18.1 The Customer shall not, whether directly or indirectly (including

facilitating a third party) export or re-export the Equipment outside

the country in which the Customer has stated these items are to be

used without obtaining the licenses required under ail applicable

rules. The Customer shall indemnify Western against any liability

incurred by Western due to any violation by the Customer of any of

the provisions of this Section, but this indemnity shall not apply if

the Customer reasonably relies on information supplied to it by

Western with respect to export licenses. Upon receipt of a

governmental consent to export the receiving party shall

immediately notify the other in writing.

MISCELLANEOUS

19.1 No waiver by Western of any breach of this Agreement shall be

considered as a waiver of any subsequent breach of the same or

any other provision.

19.2 Any provision of the Agreement which is, or is deemed to be,

unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall be severable from the

Agreement in that jurisdiction without in any way invalidating the

remaining portions of the Agreement, and that unenforceability

shall not make that provision unenforceable in any other

jurisdiction.

19.3 The rights which accrue to Western by virtue of the Agreement

shall inure for the benefit of and be binding upon the successors

and assigns of Western.

19.4 The agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of

California including the California Uniform Commercial Code.

However Western may enforce the provisions of the Agreement in

accordance with the laws of the jurisdiction in which the Equipment

is situated. The United Nations Convention on the Sale of Goods

(The Vienna Convention) shall not apply to the Agreement.

19.5 Les parties ont exigés que cette entente soit rédigée en anglais.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

TOC & INTRODUCTION i

Table of Contents

1. HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL .....................................................................................................................1-1

1.1 MANUAL ORGANIZATION............................................................................................................................1-1

1.2 PRODUCT GUIDE........................................................................................................................................1-2

1.3 ICONS .........................................................................................................................................................1-2

2. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ...........................................................................................................................2-1

2.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................................2-1

2.1.1 Lynx Evolution: 3 Generations .......................................................................................................... 2-2

2.2 SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................................................................................2-3

2.2.1 Transmitter.........................................................................................................................................2-3

2.2.2 Antenna / Antenna Coupling Unit......................................................................................................2-4

2.2.3 Receiver..............................................................................................................................................2-5

2.2.4 System (Single Hop Performance) .....................................................................................................2-6

2.2.5 Digital Line Interface.........................................................................................................................2-7

2.2.6 Auxiliary Connections........................................................................................................................2-8

2.2.7 Temperature and Environment ..........................................................................................................2-9

2.2.8 Power.................................................................................................................................................2-9

2.2.9 Regulatory Information....................................................................................................................2-10

2.2.10 Mechanical.......................................................................................................................................2-10

2.3 FRONT PANEL DESCRIPTION...................................................................................................................2-11

2.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................2-11

2.3.2 Test Points / Power Indicator .......................................................................................................... 2-12

2.3.3 Alarm and Status Indicators ............................................................................................................2-13

2.3.4 Controls............................................................................................................................................2-14

2.3.5 Connections......................................................................................................................................2-15

2.4 REAR PANEL DESCRIPTION.....................................................................................................................2-16

2.4.1 RF Connection ................................................................................................................................. 2-17

2.4.2 DATA Connections (DSX-3 and DSX-1)..........................................................................................2-18

2.4.3 Auxiliary Data Connections.............................................................................................................2-19

2.4.4 Switches............................................................................................................................................2-20

2.5 INSTALLATION ACCESSORIES..................................................................................................................2-22

3. INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS............................................................................................................3-1

3.1 SHIPPING CONTAINER ...............................................................................................................................3-1

3.2 PACKING ITEMS IDENTIFICATION ...............................................................................................................3-2

3.3 BEFORE INSTALLATION TASK LIST............................................................................................................ 3-3

3.3.1 Site Selection Requirements...............................................................................................................3-4

3.3.2 Line-of-Sight and Path Clearance Guidelines...................................................................................3-5

3.3.3 RSL Calculation and Link Budget......................................................................................................3-6

3.3.4 Fade Margin Calculation...................................................................................................................3-7

3.3.5 Availability Calculation.....................................................................................................................3-8

3.3.6 Frequency Plan Determination..........................................................................................................3-9

3.3.7 Power Supply Planning.................................................................................................................... 3-10

3.3.8 Antenna Planning ............................................................................................................................3-11

3.4 TOOLS REQUIRED.................................................................................................................................... 3-12

3.5 FREQUENCY CHANNEL PLANS ................................................................................................................3-13

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

ii TOC & INTRODUCTION

3.6 MOUNTING THE LYNX DS-3 .....................................................................................................................3-15

3.7 POWER CONNECTION AND WIRING ........................................................................................................3-16

3.7.1 DC Power Wiring.............................................................................................................................3-17

3.7.2 AC Power Connection......................................................................................................................3-19

3.8 ANTENNA CONNECTION...........................................................................................................................3-20

3.9 TRANSMISSION LINE CONNECTION ......................................................................................................... 3-21

3.10 ANTENNA INSTALLATION & ALIGNMENT ..................................................................................................3-22

3.11 DS-3 AND DS-1 (T1) INTERFACE CONNECTION.................................................................................... 3-25

3.12 DIP SWITCH SETTINGS ...........................................................................................................................3-27

3.12.1 Channel Selection ............................................................................................................................3-27

3.12.2 Line Code Selection ......................................................................................................................... 3-28

3.12.3 Line Build Out Selection ..................................................................................................................3-29

3.12.4 Loopback Test Signal Selection (DS-3 only)....................................................................................3-30

3.12.5 Security Code Selection ...................................................................................................................3-31

3.12.6 Input Alarm (Data Loss) Enable/Disable.........................................................................................3-32

3.12.7 AIS Enable/Disable..........................................................................................................................3-33

3.13 SYSTEM TURN-UP TO SERVICE............................................................................................................... 3-34

3.13.1 Output Power Adjustment ................................................................................................................ 3-39

3.13.2 Loopback/BER Testing.....................................................................................................................3-40

3.13.3 Error LED Mode Selection ..............................................................................................................3-42

3.14 ADDITIONAL CONNECTIONS.....................................................................................................................3-43

3.14.1 Orderwire Connection and Address Selection.................................................................................3-43

3.14.2 Alarm Connections...........................................................................................................................3-46

3.14.3 Diagnostics Port Operation.............................................................................................................3-47

3.14.3.1 Diagnostics Port using RS-232....................................................................................................3-49

3.14.3.2 Diagnostics Port using RS-422....................................................................................................3-50

3.14.3.3 TBOS Protocol and Map..............................................................................................................3-51

3.14.4 AUX DATA (Digital Service Channel) Connection .........................................................................3-53

3.14.5 Monitored Hot Stand-by Protection.................................................................................................3-56

4. TROUBLESHOOTING...................................................................................................................................4-1

4.1 REGULAR MAINTENANCE...........................................................................................................................4-1

4.2 CHANGING FREQUENCY PLANS ................................................................................................................ 4-2

4.3 USING A SPARE TERMINAL........................................................................................................................ 4-3

4.4 TECHNICAL SUPPORT................................................................................................................................4-4

4.5 REPAIR POLICY.......................................................................................................................................... 4-5

4.6 FRONT PANEL STATUS LEDS...................................................................................................................4-6

4.6.1 DATA LOSS Alarms...........................................................................................................................4-7

4.6.2 BER (Bit Error Rate) Alarm...............................................................................................................4-9

4.6.3 RX SYNC (Receiver Synchronization) Alarm...................................................................................4-12

4.6.4 AIS OUT (Alarm Indication Signal).................................................................................................4-13

4.6.5 FAN Alarm....................................................................................................................................... 4-14

4.6.6 RADIO FAIL Alarm ......................................................................................................................... 4-15

4.6.7 FAR END Alarm ..............................................................................................................................4-16

4.7 ERRORS IN THE DATA STREAM ...............................................................................................................4-17

4.8 INTERFERENCE COUNTERMEASURES ..................................................................................................... 4-19

4.8.1 Use of a Spectrum Analyzer to Evaluate Potential Interference......................................................4-21

4.9 BACK-TO-BACK TESTING.........................................................................................................................4-22

4.10 BER (BIT ERROR RATE) TESTING..........................................................................................................4-24

5. APPENDICES..................................................................................................................................................5-1

APPENDIX A - DIGITAL LINE INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS...................................................................................5-1

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

TOC & INTRODUCTION iii

1. Pulse Density Assurance and Maintenance............................................................................................... 5-1

2. DS-1 ...........................................................................................................................................................5-2

APPENDIX B - REAR PANEL DIP SWITCHES............................................................................................................5-5

APPENDIX C - REAR PANEL DATA CONNECTORS ..............................................................................................5-10

Figures

FIGURE 2-1: FRONT PANEL, 5.8 GHZ DS-3 (SINGLE BAND)...................................................................................... 2-11

FIGURE 2-2: FRONT PANEL, 5.8 GHZ DS-3 (DUAL BAND) ........................................................................................2-11

FIGURE 2-4: REAR PANEL, 5.8 GHZ DS-3 (SINGLE BAND)........................................................................................2-16

FIGURE 2-5: REAR PANEL, 5.3/5.8 GHZ DS-3 (DUAL BAND)....................................................................................2-16

FIGURE 3-1: CHANNEL PLAN, 5.8 GHZ (SINGLE BAND) ...........................................................................................3-13

FIGURE 3-2: CHANNEL PLAN, 5.3/5.8 GHZ (DUAL BAND)........................................................................................ 3-14

FIGURE 3-3: NEGATIVE VOLTAGE DC CONNECTION ................................................................................................ 3-18

FIGURE 3-4: POSITIVE VOLTAGE DC CONNECTION ..................................................................................................3-18

FIGURE 3-5: AC CONNECTION.................................................................................................................................. 3-19

FIGURE 3-6: TYPICAL RSL VOLTAGE VERSUS RECEIVED SIGNAL LEVEL (RSL)....................................................... 3-24

FIGURE 3-7: DS-1 CONNECTION, 9-PIN CONNECTOR ................................................................................................ 3-26

FIGURE 3-8: DS-1 CONNECTION, MODULAR CONNECTOR (RJ-48C)........................................................................ 3-26

FIGURE 3-9: LINE CODE SWITCH ..............................................................................................................................3-28

FIGURE 3-10: LINE BUILD OUT (LBO) SWITCHES ....................................................................................................3-29

FIGURE 3-11: LOOPBACK MODE SELECTION............................................................................................................. 3-30

FIGURE 3-12: SECURITY CODE SELECTION ...............................................................................................................3-31

FIGURE 3-13: INPUT ALARM DISABLE SWITCH .........................................................................................................3-32

FIGURE 3-14: AIS SWITCH .......................................................................................................................................3-33

FIGURE 3-15: TYPICAL RF OUTPUT POWER VERSUS PWR VOLTAGE....................................................................... 3-36

FIGURE 3-16: ERROR LED MODE SELECTION ..........................................................................................................3-42

FIGURE 3-17: RJ-11 ORDERWIRE TELEPHONE CONNECTION.................................................................................... 3-44

FIGURE 3-18: VF PORT AND VF CONNECTIONS ....................................................................................................... 3-45

FIGURE 3-19: PIN CONNECTIONS, ALARM INTERFACE ........................................................................................... 3-46

FIGURE 3-20: DIAGNOSTIC PORT PROTOCOL SELECTION.......................................................................................... 3-48

FIGURE 3-21: RS-232 DIAGNOSTIC PORT CONNECTIONS.......................................................................................... 3-49

FIGURE 3-22: RS-422 DIAGNOSTIC PORT CONNECTIONS.......................................................................................... 3-50

FIGURE 3-23: REPEATER AND HUB TBOS RADIO NETWORK MANAGEMENT ...........................................................3-54

FIGURE 3-24: REPEATER APPLICATION WITH SITE NETWORK MANAGEMENT...........................................................3-54

FIGURE 3-25: AUX DATA CABLE CONNECTION FOR REPEATER/HUB ....................................................................3-55

FIGURE 3-26: AUX DATA SELECTION ......................................................................................................................3-55

FIGURE 3-27: MHS CONFIGURATION ....................................................................................................................... 3-56

FIGURE 4-1: BACK-TO-BACK TEST CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................ 4-23

FIGURE 4-2: END-TO-END BER TEST CONFIGURATION............................................................................................4-24

FIGURE A-1: DS-1 PULSE TEMPLATE CORNER POINTS (NEW EQUIPMENT)................................................................ 5-4

FIGURE C-1: DS-1 9-PIN D-STYLE CONNECTOR....................................................................................................... 5-10

FIGURE C-2: DS-1 MODULAR CONNECTOR (RJ-48C) ..............................................................................................5-10

FIGURE C-3: VF PORT CONNECTION ........................................................................................................................5-10

FIGURE C-4: ALARM PORT CONNECTIONS................................................................................................................5-11

FIGURE C-5: DIAGNOSTIC AND AUX DATA (TBOS) PORT CONNECTIONS .............................................................5-11

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

iv TOC & INTRODUCTION

FIGURE C-6: DS-3 CONNECTIONS (BNC FEMALE) ...................................................................................................5-11

Tables

TABLE 3-A: DC POWER CONNECTION FOR NEGATIVE SUPPLY.................................................................................3-16

TABLE 3-B: DC POWER CONNECTION FOR POSITIVE SUPPLY................................................................................... 3-16

TABLE 3-C: ALARM INTERFACE CONNECTIONS........................................................................................................3-47

TABLE 3-D: TBOS MAP FOR THE LYNX DS-3 .........................................................................................................3-52

TABLE A-1: EXAMPLES OF B8ZS CODING.................................................................................................................. 5-2

TABLE A-2: DS-1 INTERCONNECTION SPECIFICATION................................................................................................ 5-3

TABLE A-3: DS-1 ISOLATED PULSE TEMPLATES AND CORNER POINTS ......................................................................5-4

TABLE B-1: LYNX DS-3 5.8 GHZ SINGLE BAND SWITCH SETTINGS ..........................................................................5-6

TABLE B-2: LYNX DS-3 5.8 GHZ SINGLE BAND SWITCH SETTINGS ..........................................................................5-7

TABLE B-3: LYNX DS-3 5.3/5.8 GHZ DUAL BAND SWITCH SETTINGS ......................................................................5-8

TABLE B-4: LYNX DS-3 5.3/5.8 GHZ DUAL BAND SWITCH SETTINGS ......................................................................5-9

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 1: HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL PAGE 1-1

1. How to Use This Manual

1.1 Manual Organization

The Installation and Maintenance Manual provides information required to install and maintain the

Lynx DS-3 and to use its many features to the fullest advantage. This manual is divided into the

following sections:

Section 1 How to Use This Manual. Provides instructions on how to most effectively

utilize the information in this manual.

Section 2 Product Description. Provides a brief description and specifications of the

Lynx DS-3.

Section 3 Installation & Maintenance. Explains the Lynx DS-3 installation and

adjustments in detail.

Section 4 Troubleshooting. Provides maintenance, repair and troubleshooting

information for the Lynx DS-3.

Appendices Provides charts and diagrams for radio connections and DIP switch

settings along with other general information.

This device must be professionally installed. Instructions on

setting the transmitter RF output power are contained in

Section 3 of this Manual.

This device is to be used exclusively for fixed point-to-point

operation that employs directional antennas.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 1-2 SECTION 1: HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

1.2 Product Guide

The Lynx DS-3 Product Guide is a separate publication from this manual. The Product Guide is

used for all the activity typically performed prior to the installation of the radios. The Product Guide

contains the following information:

General Features Description

Ordering Information

Path Planning

Installation Planning

The Path Planning portion of the product guide is critical to the success of the installation and use

of the Lynx DS-3 radios. If you have not performed path planning, consult the Lynx DS-3 Product

Guide to determine the anticipated performance of your radio system link. This information will be

very helpful during installation, troubleshooting and maintenance. General information on path

planning is also available in Section 3 of this manual.

1.3 Icons

Throughout this manual, the following icons are used to highlight areas of special interest and

importance.

Note Practical Tip Caution

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-1

2. Product Description

2.1 General Description

The Lynx DS-3 provides a new level of control and convenience in a digital communications

network. LYNX DS-3 is not a spread spectrum radio but it operates in the U-NII bands. Under

FCC rules governing the U-NII bands, users are not required to have a license to operate the

LYNX DS-3 radios in the United States as long as the radios meet the maximum allowable EIRP

limits. The Lynx DS-3 carries up to 28 DS-1 signals between two locations without the expense

and delay of installing cable or traditional (licensed) microwave. The DS-3 ports can interface any

equipment (such as switches, and multiplexers) that provide a telco standard DS-3 port.

Because each owner controls the operation of the link there is no reliance on any outside

services. Lynx DS-3 operators are able to (1) operate instant links whenever needed, and (2) to

be in control of their own network.

The Lynx DS-3 offers two primary benefits:

❖CONVENIENCE

Easy to install and operate with no user license requirements or frequency

coordination in the USA, including Puerto Rico, and Canada. (Other countries may

require a user license and/or frequency coordination).

❖CAPABILITY

Full transparent DS-3 signals over any line-of-sight distance (typically up to 20 miles,

depending on terrain and governmental regulations).

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-2 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.1.1 LYNX Evolution: 3 Generations

In 1992, Western Multiplex Corporation introduced the original first generation Lynx radios. These

radios were the first radios to provide T1 and E1 point-to-point communications in the world.

In 1994, Western Multiplex Corporation added a significant feature to the Lynx product line. The

second generation Lynx.cp product family provided controlled power, which allowed users to

adjust the radio transmitter output power in order to meet EIRP limits. Also, Western Multiplex

Corporation introduced the first double-capacity radios, the Lynx 2T6 and Lynx 2E6 in this family

series.

The third generation Lynx.sc and Lynx.HD now continues this product evolution by adding many

additional user features, most notably a service channel. The service channel allows radios to

carry additional traffic over the radio link, such as alarms or network management. In addition,

orderwire and remote/far-end monitoring features have been added along with some improved

performance features, such as forward error correction and extended temperature operation. In

addition, the Lynx.sc is available in Fractional Capacities (56 to 512 kbps), and Lynx.HD is

available in 4xT1and 4xE1 capacities in the 2.4 and 5.8 GHz ISM bands as well as 8xT1 and 8xE1

capacities in the 5.8 GHz ISM band.

Lynx DS-3 radios incorporate all the unique features of the Lynx.sc/Lynx.HD generation, e.g.

service channel, orderwire, extended operation temperature, far end monitoring, and network

management.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-3

2.2 Specifications

All specifications are subject to change without notice.

2.2.1 Transmitter

Both Models

Frequency Selection Rear Panel DIP switches; 7-cavity RF filter assembly

Modulation OQPSK

Single Band Single Band Dual Band

5.3 GHz 5.8 GHz 5.3/5.8 GHz

Output Power (typ.) +18 dBm +18 dBm +11 dBm

Output Power (min.) +17 dBm +17 dBm +10 dBm

Control Range 17 dB min 17 dB min. 10 dB min.

Frequency Range 5284-5316 MHz 5750-5800 MHz 5284-5316 MHz and 5759-5791 MHz

(occupies (occupies (occupies

5250- 5725- 5250-5350 MHz and

5350 MHz) 5825 MHz) 5725-5825 MHz)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-4 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.2.2 Antenna / Antenna Coupling Unit

Both Models

Mechanics External antenna

Antenna Connection N-type female

Impedance 50 ohms

Single Band Models Dual Band

Recommended 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 foot 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 foot

Antenna (not included) parabolic parabolic

Size Gain / 3dB Beam width

2 ft 29 dB / 6°

4 ft 35 dB / 3°

6 ft 38 dB / 2°

8 ft 41 dB / 1.5°

10 ft 43 dB / 1.3°

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-5

2.2.3 Receiver

All Models

Nominal Receive Level -30 to -60 dBm

Maximum Receive Level -5 dBm error free, +10 dBm no damage

Frequency Selection Rear Panel DIP switches, 7-cavity RF filter assembly

Single Band Models Dual Band

Threshold Rx Level -78 dBm -78 dBm

(BER = 10-6)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-6 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.2.4 System (Single Hop Performance)

All Models

Error Floor 10-11

Dispersive Fade Margin 38 dB, typical

Carrier-to-Interference (like)

Co-channel +9 dB

Adjacent-Channel -21 dB

Transmission delay

(radio only) 250 µsec, maximum

(10 mile path) 300 µsec, maximum

Transmit Frequencies

Single Band (5.3 GHz) Single Band (5.8 GHz) Dual Band (5.3/5.8 GHz)

A1 channel 5275 MHz 5750 MHz 5284 MHz

A2 channel 5325 MHz 5800 MHz 5759 MHz

B1 channel N/A N/A 5316 MHz

B2 channel N/A N/A 5791 MHz

Receive Frequencies

Single Band (5.3 GHz) Single Band (5.8 GHz) Dual Band (5.3/5.8 GHz)

A1 channel 5325 MHz 5800 MHz 5759 MHz

A2 channel 5275 MHz 5750 MHz 5284 MHz

B1 channel N/A N/A 5791 MHz

B2 channel N/A N/A 5316 MHz

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-7

2.2.5 Digital Line Interface

Both Models

DS-3 Channel

Data Rate 44.736 Mbps

Digital Interface 1DSX-3

Connector BNC female, 75 Ohm

Line Code B3ZS

Line Build Out 0-900 feet (rear panel DIP switch selectable)

Blue Code 2Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)

Remote Loopback Internal or external test signal (rear panel DIP switch selectable)

Wayside Channel

Data Rate 1.544 Mbps

Digital Interface 3DSX-1

Connector DB-9 female, 8-pin modular jack female (RJ-48C)

Line Code AMI / B8ZS (rear panel DIP switch selectable)

Line Build Out 0-660 feet (rear panel DIP switch selectable)

Blue Code 2Alarm Indication Signal (AIS)

Remote Loopback External test signal (rear panel DIP switch selectable)

1 Meets ANSI-T1-102-1987

2 Signal is selectable (on/off) and is generated only on data loss or link failure when selected.

3 Meets AT&T Pub 62411, Bellcore TR-TSY-000499.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-8 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.2.6 Auxiliary Connections

All Models

Orderwire Interface 2-wire, 4-pin modular jack, female (RJ-11)

REN (Ringer Equivalency Number) 1.0 B

Ringing Voltage 48 VDC, typical

(use telephones with solid state ringers, NOT adequate for older style mechanical ringers)

VF Orderwire Bridge 600 ohm balanced, 4-wire, 0 dBm, DB-25, male

Diagnostic Port RS-232/ RS-422 (Craft / TBOS), DB-9, male

Aux Data (clear service channel) RS-232 / RS-422, ≤9600 baud, DB-9, female

Alarm 2 x Form C, 6 x TTL, 2 x analog, DB-25, female

Test Points (front panel) Output power, near-end and far-end

received signal level (RSL)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-9

2.2.7 Temperature and Environment

All Models

Operating Temperature Range -30 to +65°C

Humidity 95% non-condensing

Altitude 15,000 feet, maximum

2.2.8 Power

All Models

DC Input Voltage ±20 to ±60 VDC

Power Consumption < 45 watts

AC Adapter (optional) 100-250 VAC, 50-60 Hz, +24 VDC

Connector Barrier strip, plug-in type

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-10 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.2.9 Regulatory Information

5.3 GHz 5.8 GHz 5.3/5.8 GHz

FCC Identifier HZB-U53-45 HZB-U58-45 HZB-U5358-45

FCC Rule Parts 15.247 15.247 15.247

Industry Canada ID TBD 522 102 1581A TBD

IC Rule Parts RSS 210 RSS 210 RSS 210

2.2.10 Mechanical

All Models

Width (for 19-inch EIA 17.2" (rack mounting brackets supplied)

rack mounting)

Height 3.5" (2RU)

Depth 14.5"

Weight 11 lbs.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-11

2.3 Front Panel Description

2.3.1 General

The Lynx DS-3 front panels, as shown in Figure 2-1 through 2-3, have LED indicators, test points,

controls and connections that are used for installation, maintenance, operation and

troubleshooting. Prior to installation, it is best to be familiar with the front panel of your particular

model. Sections 2.3.2 through 2.3.5 briefly describe the front panel access and lights from left to

right.

Figure 2-1: Front Panel, Lynx DS-3 (single band), 5.3 or 5.8 GHz

Figure 2-2: Front Panel, Lynx DS-3 (dual band), 5.3/5.8 GHz

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-12 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.3.2 Test Points / Power Indicator

ON This is an LED indication. When lit GREEN, the Lynx DS-3 is powered.

The Lynx DS-3 product does not have an on/off switch.

GND This is a test point referenced to chassis ground. This is used in conjunction with the

next two test points to measure voltages related to radio performance.

RSL This is a test point which relates to the Received Signal Level (RSL). A voltage can

be measured with a voltmeter (using the GND test point for reference) which

corresponds to the actual power level of the incoming received signal. While the

DISPLAY FAR END button is pressed, this RSL voltage corresponds to the RSL of

the far-end radio. These measurements are used during installation, maintenance

and troubleshooting.

LOCAL

TX PWR This is a test point which corresponds to the output transmit power of the radio. A

voltage can be measured with a voltmeter (using the GND test point for reference)

which corresponds to the actual power level of the outgoing signal. This

measurement is used during installation, maintenance and troubleshooting

.This voltage only applies to the near-end and does not allow measurement

of the far-end output transmit power, even when the DISPLAY FAR END

button is pressed.

There is a receptacle on the front panel to the right of the LOCAL TX PWR test point

which is an installation adjustment allowing the output transmit power to be

increased or decreased within the radio's specified limits. Using a small screwdriver,

this adjustment is used to set the output power of the transmitter, in accordance to

the path planning.

The Lynx DS-3 requires professional installation. Transmitted output power

limits may apply when using this radio. Consult FCC, IC, Western Multiplex

or other regulatory authorities for limits which may apply. See Section 3.13.1

for details on setting output power.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-13

2.3.3 Alarm and Status Indicators

DS3

INPUT When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating that the Lynx DS-3 is not

receiving DS-3 input data. This alarm function can be disabled by rear panel DIP

switch setting (see Section 2.4.4). Under data loss condition, the local transmitter

injects AIS (Alarm Indication Signal).

DS1

INPUT When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating that the Lynx DS-3 is not

receiving DS1 at the “DS1 INTERFACE” (wayside input port). This alarm function

can be disabled by rear panel DIP switch setting (see Section 2.4.4). Under data

loss condition, the local transmitter injects AIS (Alarm Indication Signal).

BER This is the Bit Error Rate (BER) alarm. When lit RED, this alarm condition indicates

that the received signal bit error rate is above the error threshold of 1 x 10-

. This

alarm condition typically indicates a path problem or a problem with the far-end radio

and usually is not a problem with the near- end radio.

RX SYNC When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating that the intended received signal

is not being received. This alarm may indicate problems related to the path,

connections, or the near-end or far-end radio hardware. When the RX SYNC alarm

is active, AIS (Alarm Indication Signal) is injected into the DS-3 and DS-1 line

transmit output data ports.

AIS OUT When lit RED, this is a status condition indicating that the radio receiver is

transmitting AIS (Alarm Indication Signal) on the DS-3 and DS-1 line transmit output

data port, due to loss of received signal. This typically indicates a path or connection

problem or a near-end or far-end radio hardware problem. This alarm function can

be disabled by rear panel DIP switch setting (see Section 3.12.7). When flashing

rapidly, the security ID switches, SW2-1 through SW2-8, on the two radios are not

identically set. Under this condition, DS-3 data is muted but other data ports function

normally.

FAN When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating a failure with one or both of the

internal cooling fans. The radio is designed to operate within specification when only

one fan is operating. The two fans are provided for redundancy only.

RADIO

FAIL When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating a major failure with the near-end

radio hardware. It can also indicate improper connections to the DS-1 output port,

e.g. a short to ground on the DS-1 line.

FAR END When lit RED, this is an alarm condition indicating that there are alarm or status

conditions present on the far-end radio. Press and hold the "Display Far End" button

on the near-end radios to indicate the alarm conditions for the far-end radio terminal.

Monitoring the far-end alarms can be helpful for radio installation and routine

maintenance.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-14 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.3.4 Controls

Loopback is a test method used which transmits either an internal or external test

signal and loops this signal back at the far-end radio (re-transmits the signal back

to the near end). The near end then receives the signal. The loopback function is

very useful for testing the overall link performance. The test signal can be

monitored at the near-end using either a bit error rate (BER) test set, or the internal

test features, without requiring presence of a second person at the far-end radio

location. Lynx DS-3 provides DS-3 loopback using both external and internal test

signal, as well as DS-1 loopback using external test source only.

ERROR When lit RED, this indicates that a bit error occurred while in loopback mode. If you

are not using a BER test set, this LED may be observed to determine if there are

any bit errors during loopback, for example during an overnight test.

DS3 This is a push-button switch that executes the loopback mode for the DS-3 channel.

Loopback is initiated by pressing and holding this switch for approximately 3

seconds. Once in loopback mode, the LED which is embedded in the switch is

illuminated YELLOW to indicate that Loopback is ON. The LED on the near-end

radio flashes while the far-end is solid. Loopback is disabled by pushing and

releasing the DS3 button on either the near-end or far-end radio.

DS1 This is a push-button switch that executes the loopback mode for the wayside DS-1.

Loopback is initiated by pressing and holding this switch for approximately 3

seconds. Once in loopback mode, the LED which is embedded in the switch is

illuminated YELLOW to indicate that Loopback is ON. The LED on the near-end

radio flashes while the far-end is solid. Loopback is disabled by pushing and

releasing the DS1 button at either the near-end or far-end radio.

Enabling either DS3 or DS1 loopback will interrupt traffic. This is an out-of-

service test.

DISPLAY

FAR END This push-button provides the capability to determine alarms and status of the far-

end radio. When pressed and held, the alarm and status LEDs and the RSL test

point correspond to the far-end radio’s status and RSL value. This can be used for

installation, maintenance and troubleshooting. When the LED on this switch is

flashing, no far-end information is available. This typically indicates that there is no

link between near-end and far-end radios.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-15

2.3.5 Connections

ORDERWIRE

This connection is used to access the orderwire function. This is a facility for "telephone" style

service from one radio to another. A standard electronic telephone [one with a handset and DTMF

(push-button tone) dialing] plugs into this connector. The user can dial the orderwire address of

the far-end radio (or any radio in the Lynx DS-3 network) to establish telephone communication

between sites. This communication does not interrupt or interfere with the other radio

communications. The radio link must be operational to use this facility. The orderwire feature can

be very useful for installation, maintenance and troubleshooting.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-16 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.4 Rear Panel Description

The Lynx DS-3 rear panel, as shown in Figures 2-4 through 2-6, has connections and DIP

switches that are used for installation, maintenance, operation and trouble-shooting. Prior to

installation, you should familiarize yourself with the rear panel.

Figure 2-4: Rear Panel, 5.8 GHz DS-3 (single band)

Figure 2-5: Rear Panel, 5.3/5.8 GHz DS-3 (dual band)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-17

2.4.1 RF Connection

The RF port of the Lynx DS-3 radio is a 50 Ohm, N-type female connector that is an integral part

of the filter assembly. The filter assembly occupies nearly the entire top half of the rear panel. The

N-Type connector is used to connect the antenna, typically using coaxial transmission line. In

some cases, waveguide may be used as the primary transmission line, in which case a

waveguide-to-N adapter is required.

For the Lynx DS-3, 1/2" or 5/8” coaxial cable (LDF4-50 or

LDF4.5-50) is recommended. Coaxial cable that is 7/8” or

larger can exhibit moding at 5.8 GHz and is not recommended.

For waveguide transmission line at 5.8 GHz, EW-52 waveguide

is recommended. EW-63 will also work, but may exhibit more

loss.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-18 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.4.2 DATA Connections (DSX-3 and DSX-1)

The connection for the DS-3 signal is BNC female (75 Ohm, unbalanced) as shown in Figures 2-4

and 2-5.

There are two types of connections available for the wayside DS-1 interface: RJ-48(C) and DB-9

female. On any radio, either connector may be used as the DS-1 data interface.

Using both RJ-48(C) and DB-9 simultaneously at any radio, will

cause data errors.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-19

2.4.3 Auxiliary Data Connections

There are 4 auxiliary data connections for Lynx DS-3 as shown in Figure 2-4 and Figure 2-5.

VF This DB-25 male connector is used to link two Lynx DS-3 radios at a repeater site

for Orderwire operation. This would allow orderwire "telephone" calls to and from any

point in the Lynx DS-3 network. At a 4-way repeater site, the VF ports must be

connected to a 4-way, 4-wire bridge.

The Lynx DS-3 orderwire circuit can also be connected to other existing

orderwire networks. See Section 3.14.1 for details.

ALARM This DB-25 female connector is used for monitoring alarms and status electrically.

The alarm connections are essentially the same as described for the front panel,

however instead of LED operation, alarm status is provided electrically by means of

TTL and Form C relay connections. The TTL and Form C relays can be connected

to other transmission equipment for monitoring alarm status locally or remotely. In

addition to the Form C and TTL alarms, there are two analog monitor points.

DIAG-

NOSTICS This DB-9 male connector is a serial interface port (RS-232 or RS-422, ≤9600 baud)

to the Lynx DS-3 radio. This port provides maintenance information about the Lynx

DS-3 radio(s) to a connected computer or terminal. This port is typically used for

maintenance and troubleshooting or connection to network management systems.

AUX

DATA This DB-9 female connector is a serial interface port (RS-232 or RS-422, ≤9600

baud) which allows the user to connect auxiliary serial data from one point in the

radio network to another. This facility can also be used for bridging the

DIAGNOSTICS port for remote alarm and status monitoring (TBOS network

management) or for connecting other equipment's serial alarm information. It can

alternatively be used for separate data connection for LANs or other serial devices.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-20 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.4.4 Switches

There are three sets of 8-segment DIP switches (SW1, SW2, and SW3) and two rotary switches

(Address TENS and ONES) on the rear panel of the Lynx DS-3 as shown in Figures 2-4 and 2-5.

These switches provide user configuration of several radio parameters. A brief explanation for

each function follows.

Line Build

Out

(DS-1)

This set of switch segments allows the user to adjust the wayside DS-1 input signal

to accommodate a variety of cable lengths from 0 to 655 feet to a DSX-1 interface.

(see Section 3.12.3)

Line Code This set of switch segments allows selection between AMI or B8ZS coding for the

wayside DS-1 signal. (see Section 3.12.2)

Input

Alarm

Disable

These switch segments allow the user to "turn off" the data loss alarms for the DS-1

and DS-3 input channel. This can be helpful if the data channel is not in use or while

performing a maintenance or installation operation to temporarily turn off the alarm

indication. Even when the data loss alarm is disabled, the Lynx DS-3 will inject AIS

into the transmitted data stream when there is a data loss condition. (see Section

3.12.6)

AIS

Disable This switch segment allows the user to select whether or not an AIS signal will be

automatically injected into the received T1 data stream at BER ≥ 1 x 10-3. This can

be useful for measuring threshold or when a T1 channel is not in use. The AIS will

be injected into the received T1 data stream if the radio loses sync (RX SYNC alarm

active), even if the AIS disable function has been selected. (see Section 3.12.7)

Diag-

nostics

Protocol

This switch segment is default set to Telemetry Bit Oriented Serial (TBOS) mode on

the diagnostics port. This is a non-proprietary network management protocol which

is common to some radio networks. The other selection is for factory use only. (see

Section 3.14.3)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-21

Enable

Aux Data This switch segment allows the AUX DATA port to be optionally used as a clear

service channel for RS-232 or RS-422 (≤ 9600 baud) user data. The radio normally

"bridges" the AUX DATA port to the DIAGNOSTICS PORT for TBOS radio network

management.(see Section 3.14.4 or Appendix B)

Security

Code This set of switch segments allow the user to select the security code for the radio.

Both ends of a radio system must be set to the same code. Users can protect

against nearby similar radios that might pose potential security. If these switches are

not matched on the radios, the DS-3 data is muted and the AIS LED will flash

rapidly. The selection of these switches does not improve immunity to interference.

(see Section 3.12.5 or Appendix B)

Loopback

Mode This switch segment allows the user to select either the internal or an external test

DS-3 signal for the DS-3 loopback function. DS-1 data loopback is only external and

is not selectable. (see Section 3.12.4 or Appendix B)

Error

Unlatch This switch segment selects an optional mode for the ERROR LED to flash for each

error occurrence (instead of latching on). This can be useful for short duration

loopback testing when the operator is located at the terminal site and watching for

errors. (see Section 3.13.3 or Appendix B)

Line Build

Out

(DS-3)

This switch segment allows the user to adjust the DS-3 output signal to

accommodate cable lengths (from 0 to 450 feet or from 450 to 900 feet) to a DSX-3

interface. (see Section 3.12.3 or Appendix B)

Channel

Selection This set of switch segments programs the radio to match the specific RF channel

corresponding to the RF filter set which has been installed. (see Section 3.12.1 or

Appendix B)

Address There are two rotary switches which determine the radio's address (01 to 99). This

address is used for Orderwire signaling and for the DIAGNOSTICS port TBOS

address. (see Section 3.14.1)

Refer to Appendix B for Switch Settings

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 2-22 SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

2.5 Installation Accessories

The Lynx DS-3 radio is shipped with several accessories commonly required for the radio as

described below:

AC Power

Supply If ordered as an option, this power supply provides AC to DC conversion for use

with AC powered locations.

AC Power

Cord This power cord connects the AC Power Supply, if ordered, to a standard 115V

U.S. AC outlet.

Rack Mount

Brackets Two brackets (along with required mounting screws) are provided which allow 19-

inch rack mounting of the Lynx DS-3 radio.

Terminal

Connector This is a 6-pin mating connector used for DC power supply.

Connector

9-pin

Six (6) of these mating connectors are provided. Three of them are used for the

DIAGNOSTICS port interface, the AUX DATA port, and the DS-1 (T1) data

interface. The remaining extra connectors may be used as spares.

Connector

25-pin

There are 2 mating connectors provided, one for the ALARM interface and the

other for the VF interface.

Modular

Connector Up to 4 of these 8-pin modular mating connectors are provided. These connectors

are to be used for the DS-1 connection at the DS1 INTERFACE (RJ-48C).

RF Power

Adjustment

Cover

A small plastic cap is provided which is placed over the RF output power

adjustment receptacle once output power has been set by professional installation

personnel.

Other accessories are available, such as orderwire handsets, connector adapters and special

cables. These can be ordered separately upon request.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 2: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION PAGE 2-23

Your Notes on the Lynx DS-3 Radio

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-1

3. Installation & Adjustments

3.1 Shipping Container

The equipment is shipped in boxes unless ordered as an integrated system and configured at the

factory, in which case the equipment may be racked and shipped in a crate. The equipment is

packaged so as to prevent damage in transit.

The boxes should be left intact and sheltered until arrival at the installation site.

If the shipping container shows signs of damage, the

transportation company should be notified immediately. Extra

care and inspection of the contents is advised immediately upon

receipt.

It is recommended that all the packaging materials be retained.

In the unlikely event that the equipment must be returned to the

factory, use the original packing materials for return shipment.

The original packaging materials are also recommended

for transporting the equipment from location to location.

Inside the primary shipping containers, internal boxes may contain other items. These boxes

should also be saved for future use.

Also, save the Lynx DS-3 test data sheet that is provided. The

test data sheet can be placed where the Lynx DS-3 terminal will

be installed for future quick reference. This sheet could also be

placed in the front pocket of this manual, and the manual kept

at the radio location for future reference. All Lynx DS-3 units are

individually tested and the actual measured performance

recorded on the Factory Test Data Sheet. You will find this

information to be of use during installation, troubleshooting and

maintenance.

A set of quick installation instructions is also provided which can be useful for easy reference

during installation.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-2 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.2 Packing Items Identification

The primary shipping container houses the radio and an additional box. The box contains several

related items inside including:

❖This manual

❖Installation accessory kit (see Section 2.5)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-3

3.3 Before Installation Task List

There are several tasks that should be accomplished prior to installing the Lynx DS-3 radio

system. This section briefly describes the following:

- Site selection

- Line-of-Sight and Path Clearance determination

- Anticipated RSL calculation

- Fade margin calculation

- Availability calculation

- Frequency plan determination

- Power supply planning

- Antenna (and accessories) purchase

Only directional antennas may be used with Lynx DS-3 radios.

The Lynx Product Guide provides a more comprehensive

description of these tasks.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-4 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.3.1 Site Selection Requirements

The radio site must have:

- access to the appropriate power

- close proximity to the telephone or computer system you wish to interconnect

- line-of-sight to the other radio location with adequate clearance

- location for mounting the antenna

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-5

3.3.2 Line-of-Sight and Path Clearance Guidelines

The Lynx DS-3 radios will not operate properly unless they have line-of-sight between their

corresponding antennas. The Lynx DS-3 radio transmission will not pass through trees or other

obstacles. Factors to consider include:

- Earth curvature

- Future growth of trees

- Height of buildings

In addition to the line-of-sight requirement, a well-engineered path will also have additional path

clearance to allow for signal loss due to partial obstructions, atmospheric ducting and ground

reflections. To maximize radio reception, 0.6 times the first Fresnel zone should be calculated and

this distance added to the path clearance (in addition to trees or buildings).

The Lynx DS-3 Product Guide should be consulted for further

detail on performing these calculations.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-6 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.3.3 RSL Calculation and Link Budget

In USA, effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) limits apply in the

U-NII bands. Output power may need to be reduced for certain

short paths.

Maximum transmitter output power setting can be determined as follows:

Max Transmitter Power (dBm) = E – G + FL

where: E = 30 dBm for operation in the 5.25-5.35 GHz U-NII band

48 dBm for operation in the 5.750-5.825 GHz U-NII band

G = Antenna Gain

FL = Feeder Loss, including connectors

The received signal level (RSL) can be estimated using the following formula:

RSL (dBm) = Pout - FL1+ G1 + G2 - FL2 - Lp

where: Pout is the transmitter output power (in dBm)

FL1 is the feeder loss of the transmit side (in dB)

G1 is the gain of the transmit antenna (in dB)

G2 is the gain of the receive antenna (in dB)

FL2 is the feeder loss of the receive side (in dB)

Lp is the Path loss, defined by:

Lp (dB) = 96.6 + 20 log10F + 20 log10D

where: F = Frequency in GHz

D = Distance of path in miles

(Dmiles = Dkilometers x 1.609)

This link budget is very important for determining any potential problems during installation. If you

have calculated the expected RSL, you can see if it has been achieved during installation, and

troubleshoot if necessary.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-7

3.3.4 Fade Margin Calculation

The fade margin is the difference between the actual received signal and the radio’s threshold.

Using the formula provided in Section 3.3.3, the anticipated RSL can be calculated. Compare this

RSL to the specified threshold of the Lynx DS-3 radio, which is shown in Section 2.2, and

calculate the fade margin as the difference between the two signal levels.

Refer to the Lynx Product Guide for additional information on

fade margin performance for various operational conditions.

Dispersive fade margin is another factor that many microwave path engineers may use to plan

their link budget. For the Lynx DS-3, the dispersive fade margin is 38 dB, typical.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-8 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.3.5 Availability Calculation

Availability of the microwave path is a measure of the percent of the time that the link will operate

without producing an excessive BER due to multipath fading. In the absence of direct interference,

availability is affected by the following:

- Path length

- Fade margin

- Frequency (5.3 and/or 5.8 GHz in the case of the Lynx DS-3 radios)

- Terrain (smooth, average, mountainous)

- Climate (dry, temperate, hot/humid)

Depending on the type of traffic carried over the link, the system designer may wish to design for

a specific availability. For example, if the data or voice traffic that is carried by the radio is critical

then it may be designed for a very high availability (e.g. 99.999% or 5.3 minutes of outage per

year). To improve availability, for example, the fade margin can be increased by making the path

shorter, or by using higher gain, narrower beam antennas in conjunction with lower loss feeders

(by using high quality transmission line or shortening feed length).

Refer to the Lynx DS-3 Product Guide for additional

information on percentage availability performance for various

operational conditions.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-9

3.3.6 Frequency Plan Determination

When configuring radios in a hub or repeater configuration, careful engineering of the Lynx DS-3

radio frequency plans and antenna locations should be performed in order to minimize potential

interference between the nearby radios. As a rule of thumb, do not place identical frequency plan

radios (e.g. two “A” channel radios) at the same site. In most cases, it is desirable to use a

different frequency plan (e.g. A versus B), this is available in the dual band (5.3/5.8 GHz) Lynx

DS-3. However, with careful engineering, placing more than one radio of the same frequency

channel plan at the same site can be accomplished. In fact, the Lynx DS-3 frequency plan is

designed to allow complex hub configurations that may require re-using the same frequency plan.

When designing these types of configurations, antenna size and antenna location are critical. If

identical channel plans must be used at the same site, the same radio channel (e.g. A1 and A1)

should be used at a site to minimize interference. Using alternate channels (e.g. A1 and A2) is

less likely to be successful (and therefore not recommended) due to the high level of transmitter

to receiver isolation required from the antenna system.

Sometimes it is required to locate the Lynx DS-3 radio nearby a transmitter that is the same as, or

close to the Lynx DS-3 receive or transmit frequencies. In this case, the Lynx DS-3 terminal that

should be placed closest to this interfering transmitter should be the specific terminal with the

receive frequency which is furthest from this unwanted transmitted frequency. This approach

minimizes the potential of interference. While interference conditions are rare when using the

Lynx DS-3 radios, cases of interference may be overcome by exchanging the radios from end to

end or simply reinstalling the filter unit, as described in Section 4.2 (thus swapping the frequencies

of both ends of the radio link). In some cases, changing frequency plans (e.g. from A to B) can

also help mitigate any interference.

Section 4.8 of this manual describes interference

countermeasures in further detail.

Single band Lynx DS-3 (5.8 GHz) operates using one

frequency pair (channel A1, A2). Dual band Lynx DS-3

(5.3/5.8 GHz) operates using two frequency pairs (A1/A2 and

B1/B2).

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-10 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.3.7 Power Supply Planning

The Lynx DS-3 radio must have access to a supply of appropriate power, either DC or AC (if the

AC adapter option has been ordered). The Lynx DS-3 can be powered from a DC battery system,

or from a solar or generator power plant, usually with battery reserves. Typically either a positive

or negative ground 24 or 48 volt supply is used.

Before installing the radio, plan for the continuous power consumption needs in accordance with

the specifications given in Section 2.2 of this manual. It is also wise to plan for backup power for

critical communication circuits (including the Lynx DS-3 radio). Backup power allows the radios

and associated equipment to continue operation when primary power is interrupted.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-11

3.3.8 Antenna Planning

Using the path planning tools and equations presented in the Lynx DS-3 Product Guide, proper

antenna size can be determined which will yield the desired path performance. In general, the

larger the antenna that is used with the Lynx DS-3 radio, the better the link will perform. Larger

antennas have narrower beamwidth and higher gain, which will yield better link performance

(higher fade margin, better availability) and improve immunity to interference (due to the smaller

beamwidths). However, larger antennas are more costly to purchase and install than smaller

antennas, in some cases requiring special equipment for installation. All of these factors should

be taken into consideration when selecting an antenna. Consult the Lynx DS-3 Product Guide for

more details on selecting antennas.

Recommended Antenna

Size Gain / 3 dB Beam Width

2 ft 29 dB / 6°

4 ft 35 dB / 3°

6 ft 38 dB / 2°

8 ft 41 dB / 1.5°

10 ft 43 dB / 1.3°

In areas where transmitted output power restrictions apply, the

use of larger antennas will maintain the benefit of narrow

beamwidths and receive gain. However, output power may need

to be reduced to meet regulations. (See Section 3.13.1)

Prior to installation, the specific antenna location and mounting should be determined. This

advanced planning also yields the transmission line requirements.

Only directional antennas may be used with Lynx DS-3

radios.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-12 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.4 Tools Required

The following tools may be required for the installation of the Lynx DS-3 radios:

- Phillips (cross tip) screwdrivers (for 19-inch rack mounting and attachment of brackets)

- Small blade standard screwdriver (for power supply connector and RF output power

adjust)

- Soldering iron (if using any D-type connectors)

- Wire strippers (for removing insulation from power supply and other wiring)

- Digital Voltmeter (to measure RSL, Tx output power, Alarms)

The following tools are recommended for the installation of the Lynx DS-3 radios:

- RF power meter (to measure transmitter output power)

- Cellular phone or two-way radio (for talking with far-end crew and tower crew)

- Bit Error Rate test set (to test link after installation)

- Touch-tone Telephone* (to test orderwire circuits and for communication with far-end)

Additional tools will likely be needed for antenna and transmission line installation and antenna

alignment. Consult Sections 3.8 through 3.10 of this manual for more details.

*Telephone connection specifications:

REN (Ringer Equivalency Number) 1.0 B

Ringing Voltage 48 VDC, typical

(Ringing voltage is adequate for modern solid state ringers,

NOT for the older mechanical type ringers)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-13

3.5 Frequency Channel Plans

The Lynx DS-3 offers several non-overlapping channel plans for the different models of radio.

This channel plan arrangement allows users to implement Lynx DS-3 in the proximity of other

Lynx DS-3 radios (planned or unplanned), hub and repeater applications, and can be used to

mitigate interference. The channel plans are illustrated below in Figures 3-1 through 3-5. Section

4.2 and 4.3 describe how to change frequency channel assignments of a Lynx DS-3 radio.

Channel Pairs

A1 A2

TX: 5,750 MHz →

→→

→RX: 5,750 MHz

RX: 5,800 MHz ←

←←

←TX: 5,800 MHz

Figure 3-1: Channel Plan, 5.8 GHz (Single Band)

A1 A2

5,725 5,8255,750 5,800

Frequency (MHz)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-14 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Channel Pairs

A1 A2

TX: 5,284 MHz →

→→

→RX: 5,284 MHz

RX: 5,759 MHz ←

←←

←TX: 5,759 MHz

B1 B2

TX: 5,316 MHz →

→→

→RX: 5,316 MHz

RX: 5,791 MHz ←

←←

←TX: 5,791 MHz

Figure 3-2: Channel Plan, 5.3/5.8 GHz (Dual Band)

5,250 5,284 5,316 5,759 5,791 5,825

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-15

3.6 Mounting the Lynx DS-3

The Lynx DS-3 can be mounted at any height in a standard 19-inch rack. Blank rack-mounting

spaces above and below the Lynx DS-3 are recommended, especially if the surrounding

equipment dissipates a considerable amount of heat (over 50W).

The Lynx DS-3 may be set up for mounting with the front edge projecting from the front face of a

standard 19-inch rack using the rack mounting brackets enclosed with the screws in the

Accessory Kit (4 per bracket). The rack mounting brackets may be reversed, in order to install for

flush or cabinet mounting if preferred. Depending on rack configuration, it may be necessary to

remove the four adhesive backed rubber feet on the bottom of the unit.

The Lynx DS-3 has internal fans which intake and exhaust on

the left and right sides of the chassis. When rack mounting, it

is important to leave a small gap between the outer edges of

the radio and the inside edge of the rack.

The Lynx DS-3 may alternatively be placed on a table or shelf

attached to a wall. Because of the low weight of the Lynx DS-3,

any mounting option other than rack mounting will be less secure.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-16 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.7 Power Connection and Wiring

There is no ON/OFF switch on the Lynx DS-3. As soon as

power is applied, the equipment will be operational. This

means that there can be up to 1W of RF power present at

the antenna port. The antenna port should be terminated

before power is applied.

Power is connected using the DC power plug contained in the Accessory Kit. Use Table 3-A or 3-

B along with the associated diagram of Figure 3-5 or 3-6 to connect the DC power cables. For

example, for a negative DC power input, use Table 3-A and Figures 3-4, 3-5 and 3-6.

NEGATIVE DC POWER INPUT

(–20 TO –63 VDC)

PIN FUNCTION

1 Power (–DC)

2 Ground (see figure 3-5)

3 Return (+DC)

4 Return (+DC)

5 Ground (see figure 3-5)

6 Power (–DC)

Table 3-A: DC Power Connection for Negative Supply

POSITIVE DC POWER INPUT

(+20 TO +63 VDC)

PIN FUNCTION

1 Return (–DC)

2 Ground (see figure 3-6)

3 Power (+DC)

4 Power (+DC)

5 Ground (see figure 3-6)

6 Return (–DC)

Table 3-B: DC Power Connection for Positive Supply

Pins 1 and 6 are connected together on the motherboard. Either

pin may be used to apply (-DC) DC power input. Similarly, pins

3 and 4 are connected together on the motherboard and may

be used to apply (+DC) DC power input.

For DC power return connection, connect to the opposite

voltage (either the -DC or the +DC Pin) and connect the return

to ground at the DC power plug on pins 2 and/or 5.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-17

3.7.1 DC Power Wiring

Connect the power cable with adequate current rating (minimum of 20 AWG) to the terminals

shown on the removed (not plugged into the radio) DC power plug using the screw connections.

The recommended minimum current rating of external fuses and cables is 3 Amps. The Lynx DS-

3 radios consume less than 1 Amp at ±48V and less than 2 Amps at ±24V.

Each Lynx DS-3 terminal should be externally fused separately

with a 5 Amp maximum fuse.

If using negative power, connect the negative voltage to pins 1 or 6. Connect the ground return

connection to pins 3 or 4. See Figure 3-6.

If using positive power, connect the positive voltage to pins 3 or 4. Connect the ground return

connection to pins 1 or 6. See Figure 3-7.

The ground connection is available at pins 2 and 5. Either pin may be used to ground the return

side of the power supply. Do not ground both sides of the power supply.

Proper grounding, either through the chassis and/or the power

supply, can be very important for protection from lightning. A

grounding screw hole is provided on the rear panel.

The ground connection may be left floating if the power supply

is referenced to ground externally and to avoid ground loops in

some configurations. However, this may not provide adequate

grounding for lightning protection.

Use a DVM (digital voltmeter) to verify voltage and polarity on the DC power plug.

Do not connect the DC power plug to the rear of the Lynx DS-3

terminal until a load is connected to the antenna port (either an

RF pad, or an RF cable and antenna).

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-18 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Figure 3-3: Negative Voltage DC Connection

Figure 3-4: Positive Voltage DC Connection

Make sure that when connecting the mating plug that it is

properly oriented (terminal screws pointing up) and securely

fastened.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-19

3.7.2 AC Power Connection

The optional AC power supply operates from any AC voltage 100V - 250V and 50 Hz or 60 Hz.

The AC supply is equipped with a mating connector that plugs directly into the Lynx DS-3 and an

AC cord with a 3-pin AC plug. The AC cord color code is shown in Figure 3-8 in case users wish

to replace the AC plug supplied with a different type of plug.

Figure 3-5: AC Connection

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-20 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.8 Antenna Connection

The Lynx DS-3 is equipped with an N-type female connector at the antenna port located on the

rear panel. A short length (~6 feet) flexible jumper coaxial cable (or “pigtail”) that is rated for up to

6 GHz and fitted with two N-type male connectors can be used to connect the antenna port to the

antenna transmission line (see Section 3.9).

A low loss 50-ohm cable (for example LDF4-50 1/2 inch coax) or EW-52 (using a N-type female to

waveguide adapter) is recommended for the antenna transmission line between the top of the

rack and the antenna. The return loss presented by the transmission line at the top of the rack

should be as high as possible (20 dB, minimum recommended). The length of the antenna

transmission line should be kept as short as possible (to minimize losses).

To minimize feeder losses, the use of 5.8 GHz elliptical waveguide is recommended (typical loss

is 1.25 dB/100 ft) for feeder lengths in excess of 200 feet. Depending on path length and feeder

length, 1/2 inch coax cable can be used as well.

For the Lynx DS-3, 1/2” or 5/8” coaxial cable (LDF4-50 or

LDF4.5-50) is recommended. Coaxial cable 7/8” or larger can

exhibit moding at 5.8 GHz and is not recommended for 5.8 GHz

radios. For waveguide transmission line at 5.8 GHz, EW-52

waveguide is recommended. EW-63 will also work, but may

exhibit more loss.

Do not use right angle N-type connectors with the 5.8 GHz Lynx

DS-3 radios: they may present high loss at 5.8 GHz. Do not use

a low quality N-type jumper cable with the Lynx DS-3. Some

cable types, such as RG-8, may have high loss at 5.8 GHz.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-21

3.9 Transmission Line Connection

The transmission line feeder (such as LDF4-50 1/2 inch coax cable or EW-52 elliptical

waveguide) should be prepared first by cutting to the approximate length (allowing some excess)

and installing the appropriate connector on the antenna end.

The prepared transmission line is then pulled through the cable ducts, trays or conduit (as

required) to the antenna, while being careful not to kink or damage the transmission line in any

way.

The transmission line should be supported in a tray on horizontal runs and by hangers on vertical

runs. Hangers should be spaced according to the manufacturer’s instructions (typically every 5

feet under conditions of no ice and not greater than 85 mph winds).

The transmission line should be grounded using the manufacture’s recommended grounding kit.

Grounding kits attach to the outer copper conductor. Grounds must be installed at the antenna, at

the bottom of the tower (if applicable) and where the transmission line enters the building. Long

transmission line runs should be grounded every 100 feet. In areas of high incidence of lightning,

dissipaters should be attached to antennas. In addition, coaxial, in-line, spark-gap type, lightning

suppressors should be added at the bottom of the coax cable before entering the

building/enclosure.

Any in-line lightning protection device must be rated for the

operating frequency of the Lynx DS-3 (5.3 /5.8 GHz).

After installation, the transmission line is terminated with an N-type male connector/adapter

attached at the equipment end. For waveguide, this typically requires a CPR-to-N adapter.

Prior to operation, the electrical integrity of the transmission line, including all connectors, can be

checked with a simple DC check between the center conductor and outer conductor. (This is

neither possible, nor required for waveguide).

The transmission line should ideally be connected directly to the antenna at one end and to the

Lynx DS-3 antenna port at the other end. However, short RG-214 type pigtail jumper cables may

be required to avoid sharp bends in the transmission line to limit stress on either connection.

7/8 inch coax cable or larger is not recommended for use at 5.8

GHz and higher frequencies.

Do not use right angle N-type connectors with the 5.8 GHz Lynx

DS-3 radios: they may present high loss at 5.8 GHz. Do not use

a low quality N-type jumper cable with the Lynx DS-3. Some

cable types, such as RG-8, may have too high a loss at 5.8

GHz.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-22 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.10 Antenna Installation & Alignment

The antenna installation consists of mounting the antenna on the tower, building roof, or other

location that provides line-of-sight path clearance to the far-end location. In general, antennas

smaller than 4 feet diameter are not recommended for urban areas due to their wider

beamwidths, which results in higher interference susceptibility. For Lynx DS-3 radios, a minimum

of 2 foot (0.6m) diameter (10° beam width) antennas is recommended.

Antennas should be ordered with a suitable mounting kit specific to the site requirements. For

example, specifying round or angle tower leg adapters, or a roof tripod as necessary.

The antenna must be very rigidly mounted, with adequate room for azimuth and elevation

adjustment.

The antenna polarization must be the same at both ends of the link, either vertical or horizontal.

In general, antenna mountings require a support pipe to which upper and lower support brackets

are attached with “U” bolts. The antenna and optional elevation and azimuth adjustment rods are

then mounted onto the support brackets. The whole structure must be adequately grounded for

lightning protection. The antenna system must always be installed according to the manufacturer’s

instructions.

Unless special test equipment is available, two operating Lynx DS-3 terminals are required to

align the antennas. Alternatively, a CW generator may be used to transmit a signal toward the end

under alignment.

The antenna is coarse aligned using visual sighting and then fine aligned using the receive signal

level (RSL) voltage of the Lynx DS-3.

The RSL voltage reading can still be used to peak antennas

even if the radios have not synchronized, however far-end RSL

cannot be measured from the near-end terminal until radios

are synchronized.

To coarse align the antenna, first set it for flat elevation (no up or down tilt) using a spirit level.

Then point it at a heading marker obtained using a compass back-bearing from an adjacent

location, (ideally, 100 feet or more away from the antenna).

If a heading marker cannot be set sufficiently far away (for example when on a city building roof or

looking through a window) then a rough azimuth setting can be obtained by sighting along the

antenna feed.

Antennas used for this device must be fix-mounted on permanent outdoor

structures to provide 5 meters or more separation from all persons during

device operation to comply with FCC RF exposure requirements. Please

contact Western Multiplex factory for applicable gain and type restrictions to

ensure compliance.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-23

It should be verified that both antennas are on the same

polarization by using the manufacturer’s instructions. Otherwise

the RSL will be approximately 25 to 30 dB below the calculated

level.

Most antennas will also need fine alignment obtained using an operating link because it is very

important to maximize the receive RF signal level at each end of the radio link.

Read Section 3.7 before applying DC power to the Lynx DS-3.

Once the coarse alignment has been set-up at both ends, then the link can be powered and some

level of reliable communication established. The voltage at the Lynx DS-3 front panel RSL test

point should be measured with a DVM to determine the relative receive RF signal level.

For the fine alignment, adjusting first the azimuth and then the elevation of the local antenna will

maximize the RSL signal level. Then the far antenna is aligned in the same way, using the RSL

voltage of its local Lynx DS-3. Higher negative voltage corresponds to weaker RSL.

When aligning antennas it may be convenient to run two wires from the RSL and ground test

points to the antenna so that the voltmeter reading is directly visible to the technicians aligning the

antenna. Also, a cellular telephone or two-way radio may be useful for coordinating alignment

activities between both ends of the link. Once the radios are coarse aligned and synchronized, the

built-in orderwire phone service can also be used to coordinate alignment between both ends of

the link.

An orderwire telephone will provide end-to-end voice

communications once radios are synchronized. Synchronization

usually can be accomplished by coarse alignment only. After

synchronization, the orderwire phones can be used to communicate

between radio sites for antenna fine alignment. The phone

interconnect cable can be extended to the antenna when desired.

The larger the antenna size, the more critical alignment becomes: for example, with a 2 foot dish,

the antenna can be moved ±3 degrees off the correct heading before the receive signal level

drops by 3 dB. This compares with a 6-foot dish which may only be moved ±1 degree for the

same degradation.

The graph shown in Figure 3-9 shows the typical variation of RSL voltage as the receive signal

level is increased from threshold to a higher level. There is some variation between Lynx DS-3

receivers, but an approximate estimate of the potential RSL value may be made using this figure.

Use the Factory Test Data Sheet shipped with your Lynx DS-3 terminal to

obtain the best estimate of your RSL.

Above -5 dBm RSL, the receiver may produce errors: however this level is rarely likely to be

exceeded. A link budget calculation should be made to calculate the anticipated RSL as described

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-24 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

in Section 3.3.3. During anomalous propagation conditions, the RSL may fade but will not

increase up more than 10 dB (except in unusual very long paths which may fade up by 15 dB).

Antenna alignment should enable the RSL to be peaked to the

level calculated in the link budget. If the RSL is peaked but is

approximately 20 dB below the calculated level, then it is likely

that the antennas are aligned on a sidelobe of the antenna's

radiated signal. In this case, the antennas should be rotated in a

wide arc until the main lobe is located. (Other possible causes of

low RSL are path obstructions, loss in connectors, adapters and

pigtail jumper cables or different antenna polarization at each end

of the link.)

Tsunami 100BaseT Dual & Single Models

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

-80 -75 -70 -65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40

RSL (dB)

Volts

Figure 3-6: Typical RSL Voltage versus Received Signal Level (RSL)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-25

3.11 DS-3 and DS-1 (T1) Interface Connection

The DS-3 interface connections at the rear panel of the Lynx DS-3 radio are BNC female, 75 Ohm

impedance.

The DS-1 interface connection to the Lynx DS-3 is on the rear panel. The transmit and receive

signal pairs are wired at the same 9-pin, D-type subminiature connector (See Figure 3-10 for pin

connections). An 8-pin modular jack (RJ-48C) style connector is also available for DS-1

connections (See Figure 3-11 for pin connections).

The 9-pin, D-type subminiature connector on the Lynx DS-3 is a female connector. A mating male

connector should be wired with twin shielded twisted pair cable. Note that the shield must be wired

to pin 2 or pin 4 on the radio end of the cable for grounding and not left floating.

Additional external lightning protection devices are

recommended for the DS-1 connections if the radio is

installed in an area prone to lightning.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-26 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Figure 3-7: DS-1 Connection, 9-pin connector

Figure 3-8: DS-1 Connection, Modular Connector (RJ-48C)

❖

View from female socket at rear of shelf.

❖

“Line transmit out” is the output from the Lynx receiver, sent into

the DS-1 line.

❖

“Line receive in” is the input to the Lynx transmitter being received

from the DS-1 line.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-27

3.12 DIP Switch Settings

A quick reference guide to all DIP switches is provided in Appendix B.

DIP switch settings are noted by their position, either up (1), or down (0),

not by on/off as may be printed on the DIP switch assembly.

3.12.1 Channel Selection

The single band Lynx DS-3 offers one channel plan, while the dual band Lynx DS-3 offers two

channel plans, i.e. A1/A2 and B1/B2 (see Section 3.5). There are DIP switch segments (numbers

6 through 8 on SW3) which define the frequency channel plan of the Lynx DS-3 radio (refer to

Appendix B). The DIP switches must be set to match the filter assembly that is mounted on the

radio. For single band model, switch position 8 on SW3 determines the channel. For dual band

model, switch positions 6, 7, and 8 on SW3 determine the channel (refer to Appendix B).

Radios are shipped from the factory with their DIP switch segments set to match the installed

filter.

The radio channel selection is user adjustable by removing and replacing, or reversing the filter

assembly. This allows units of the same radio model to be used as spares for both channel plans

in the case of dual band Lynx DS-3.

The DIP switch setting must match the filter assembly mounted on the

radio. Also, both radios of a link must have opposite channel plans (e.g.

A1 and A2).

Consult Section 4.2 of this manual for more information on changing RF

channels. Consult Appendix B for proper frequency channel switch

settings.

Other NON-standard frequency plans may be offered in the future. In

these cases, follow the DIP switch setting on the filter label.

Switch positions 4 and 5 on SW-3 are used for other parameters on the

Lynx DS-3.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-28 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.12.2 Line Code Selection

The DS-3 line code is B3ZS and is not selectable. The standard factory selection for DS-1 line

code is Bipolar with 8 Zero Substitution (B8ZS). Should the Lynx DS-3 be required to be

transparent to an Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI) coding format of the DS-1 data stream, the line

code selection controlled by DIP Switch segments on the rear panel will need to be changed. If a

B8ZS code is fed to the Lynx DS-3 while configured for AMI, bipolar violations will exist and errors

will be present in the line transmit output signal (DS-1). If an AMI code is fed to the Lynx DS-3

while configured for B8ZS, bipolar violations will exist, but in this case, no errors will be present in

the line transmit output signal (DS-1).

To change the line code selection from B8ZS to AMI, DIP switch segments will need to be

changed. Switch segment 3 on SW1 selects AMI or B8ZS for Channel 1 input. This is an out-of-

service adjustment. See Figure 3-12.

AMI 1

B8ZS 0

Figure 3-9: Line Code Switch

SW1 (REAR PANEL OF LYNX DS-3)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-29

3.12.3 Line Build Out Selection

Line build out accommodates different lengths of interconnecting cable for the DS-3 and wayside

DS-1 (T1) connection. The standard factory selection for line build out (LBO) is 0-125 feet for DS-

1 and 0-450 feet for DS-3. Interconnecting the Lynx DS-3 with other equipment with a cable length

greater than the length allowed by the standard LBO setting will require an LBO change. Changing

LBO is an out of service adjustment.

To change the LBO strap selection from 0-125 feet to a different length, select the position of the

DIP switch segments as shown in Figure 3-13. SW1 segments 1 and 2, and SW3 segment 3 can

be selected for different DS-1 and DS-3 LBO’s, respectively.

DS-1 LBO 1 2

0-125 feet 0 0

125-250 feet 1 0

250-400 feet 0 1

400-655 feet 1 1

DS-3 LBO

0 - 450 feet 0

450 - 500 feet 1

Figure 3-10: Line Build Out (LBO) Switches

1 2

SW1 (REAR PANEL OF LYNX DS-3)

SW3 (REAR PANEL OF LYNX DS-3)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-30 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.12.4 Loopback Test Signal Selection (DS-3 only)

The Lynx DS-3 allows loopback operation using an internally generated test DS-3 signal or using

an externally generated test DS-3 signal. DIP switch segment SW3-1 selects external vs internal

DS-3 test source. The DS-1 loopback is done using ONLY external test source. See Figure 3-14.

The factory setting for DS-3 loopback mode is internal.

DS-3 Loopback

Internal Test Signal 0

External Test Signal 1

Figure 3-11: Loopback Mode Selection

SW3 (REAR PANEL OF LYNX DS-3)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-31

3.12.5 Security Code Selection

The security codes on radios in a hop must be matched, otherwise the two radios will not

recognize one another and will not communicate. The security code can protect the unit against

one that is not of the same security code by not communicating with that radio. Different codes

can be selected using the SW2 DIP switch segments 1 through 8 on the Lynx DS-3 rear panel.

The security code must be the same for both ends of a radio

link.

The factory setting for security code DIP switches is down. are all set in the factory to code 0.

Should the code need to be changed, then both ends of the link must be changed/set identically.

Changing the security code is an out-of-service adjustment. See Figure 3-15 for DIP switch

segment settings. When security switches on the two radios are not matched, AIS alarm on the

front panel would be flashing and the DS-3 data will be muted.

Figure 3-12: Security Code Selection

SW2 (REAR PANEL OF LYNX DS-3)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-32 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.12.6 Input Alarm (Data Loss) Enable/Disable

The Lynx DS-3 provides a capability to enable or disable input alarms (Data Loss). On the front

panel and over the alarm and diagnostic interfaces, an alarm condition is normally generated if

there is no input DS-3 or or no input DS-1 data signal to the radio. For example the Lynx DS-3

radio may have been installed in a location where wayside DS-1 signal is not in use. In this case, it

may be desirable to disable the input alarm to the wayside DS-1 channel so that local and remote

alarms are not regularly generated by the (known) lack of this data input. When the network is

later expanded to include traffic on the wayside DS-1, this switch can be set to enable the input

data alarm condition. See Figure 3-16 for DIP switch segment settings.

The factory setting is for all input alarms enabled.

When a DATA LOSS alarm condition occurs, the Lynx DS-3

will inject AIS into the incoming DS-3/DS-1 data stream, even

if the input alarms have been disabled.

DS-1 SW1-4

Input Alarm Enabled 0

Input Alarm Disabled 1

DS-3 SW1-5

Input Alarm Enabled 0

Input Alarm Disabled 1

Figure 3-13: Input Alarm Disable Switch

SW1 (REAR PANEL OF LYNX DS-3)

4 5

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-33

3.12.7 AIS Enable/Disable

AIS (Alarm Indication Signal) is the blue code (all 1’s) that keeps the digital line interface active

under data loss conditions. AIS is required by certain equipment to maintain synchronization (for

example, it is required on all leased line circuits). However, it is not required by all equipment (for

example, a CSU/DSU will initiate its own blue code to the line under data loss conditions).

Under test conditions, when measuring receive threshold, for example, it may be necessary, to

disable AIS to facilitate BER measurement.

There is a user selectable DIP switch segment on the rear panel of the Lynx DS-3 that includes

selection of the AIS function (on/off) at the receiver line output. When the AIS is selected (on), the

DS-1 or DS-3 signal will send blue code to the line when the received BER on either signal

exceeds 1 x 10-3. This function is similar to a data “mute” function. When the AIS is disabled (off),

no insertion of data will take place unless an RX SYNC alarm condition occurs. The AIS switch

operates on DS-1 and DS-3 simultaneously. Refer to Figure 3-17 for DIP switch segment

information.

The standard factory setting is to have the demodulator AIS alarm selected ON because it

prevents a severely errored signal (possibly unsynchronized) from being sent out to the line.

It is recommended that AIS be selected ON for normal operation.

It is recommended that AIS be selected OFF for measuring BER

at threshold.

This DIP switch does not affect AIS injection into the

transmitted data stream upon a DATA LOSS condition.

AIS SW1-6

ON 0

OFF 1

Figure 3-14: AIS Switch

SW1 (REAR PANEL OF LYNX DS-3)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-34 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.13 System Turn-up to Service

1. Prior to installing the system, it may be desirable to perform a back-to-back test of the Lynx

DS-3 radio pair. Consult section 4.9 for further details. Back-to-back testing is a simple way

to verify that the Lynx DS-3 radios are fully operational before they are installed. Installation

adds several variables (such as antenna alignment) which can lead to system turn-up

delays. Also, during back-to-back testing, the DIP switch settings and some connections

can be tested. This step can eliminate a majority of troubleshooting once the radios are

installed.

A cellular phone or two-way radio system (walkie talkie, CB,

mobile radio) can be very useful during installation. These

can be used for temporary near-end and far-end

communications between the installation personnel at one

site and installation personnel at the other site while

installing the system. These can also be helpful for

communication between a person at the top of a very tall

tower and ground personnel.

The Lynx DS-3 incorporates an internal Orderwire feature

that provides end-to-end “telephone” style communications.

However, the link must be partially operational to use this

feature. In lieu of, or in addition to the use of cellular phones

or two-way radio, this Orderwire feature can also be very

useful for installation, but typically cannot be put into service

until step 8 or 9 of this procedure is completed. See Section

3.14.1 for more details.

2. Perform a general alignment of the antennas on both ends of the path using binoculars,

compass or other related tools. It is important to have the antennas aligned as accurately

as possible before putting radio traffic over the link. This will help in getting the system

running more rapidly. See Section 3.10 for more details.

3. Connect the transmission line to the antenna, and feed it to the Lynx DS-3 radio location

(see Section 3.9). Connect the opposite end of the transmission line to the N-type female

connector located on the filter assembly which occupies the top half of the Lynx DS-3 rear

panel. The connection must be terminated into an antenna or a load before DC power is

applied to the radio.

4. Verify that DIP switch settings for frequency channel selection match that of the filter that

is installed on the rear of the radio. Consult 3.12.1 for further details. The far-end radio

must have the same channel plan (e.g. A, B) as the near-end radio, and the opposite Tx

and Rx frequencies (e.g. A1 and A2 make up a matched pair of radios).

5. Verify that the DIP switch settings for security code selection are the same for both ends

of the radio link (see Section 3.12.5).

6. With the DC power source active, but not plugged into the Lynx DS-3 radio, using a

voltmeter, confirm that the DC mating connector has the proper power connections in

accordance with Section 3.7. Verify the polarity and the absolute voltage on all pins. Verify

ground connection for power.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-35

7. Connect power to the Lynx DS-3 radio. Verify that the Front Panel “ON” LED indication is

illuminated. This confirms that power has been properly applied.

Ensure that the RF Antenna port connection is properly

terminated before applying power to the Lynx DS-3 terminal, as

in step 3.

When the Lynx DS-3 radio is initially powered-on, some alarm

conditions may be present. This is normal and alarms can be

ignored at this time.

8. Place a voltmeter across the GND and PWR front panel test points. See Figure 3-18 and

3-19 for voltage setting information and Table 3-C for typical output power levels for given

cable lengths where EIRP limits apply. Consult the Lynx DS-3 Product Guide for Path

Planning to establish proper level for this setting. If necessary, use a small screwdriver at

the front panel receptacle to adjust the output power of the local transmitter in accordance

with the path analysis calculations. The recessed potentiometer is rotated clockwise to

increase transmit output power and counter clockwise to decrease transmit output power.

After verifying correct setting of the transmit output power, disconnect the voltmeter.

Place the cover cap found in the installation accessory kit over the front panel receptacle.

The Lynx DS-3 requires professional installation. With some

Lynx DS-3 models, in certain countries, there may be Effective

Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) limits which dictate the

maximum output power that the Lynx DS-3 radio can transmit

given the transmission line loss and the gain of the antenna.

Consult with appropriate government agencies or Western

Multiplex if there is any question regarding maximum output

power allowed.

In the USA, 5.8 GHz models may be operated at full power. 2.4

GHz models may require a power reduction of 1 dB from +30

dBm input power, as measured at the antenna feed, for every 3

dB that the antenna gain exceeds +6 dB. See Section 3.3.3 and

Table 3-D for more details.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-36 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Transmitter Output

(measured at the antenna

port)

Voltage

(measured at the front

panel TX PWR test point)

+ 15 dBm 1.7

+ 10 dBm 0.6

+ 5 dBm 0.3

0 dBm 0.2

- 8 dBm (min) 0 volts

Figure 3-15: Typical RF Output Power versus PWR Voltage

Use the Lynx DS-3 Factory Test Data sheet to determine

more precisely the voltage corresponding to the RF output

power.

Use the Lynx DS-3 Factory Test Data sheet to determine

more precisely the voltage corresponding to the RF output

power.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-37

For precision measurement of transmit output power, it is best

to connect an RF power meter to the antenna port. The PWR

port voltage may not provide enough precision. This is

especially important where EIRP limits apply to the installation.

In cases of no EIRP limits, the radio transmitter output power

can be adjusted to maximum for installation, except for very

short paths using very high gain antennas, where excessive

power may not be advised.

Don’t forget that the RF output port should be terminated at all

times when power is applied to the Lynx DS-3 radio. Therefore,

disconnect power to the radio before connecting a power meter

and reapply power once connected. Often, an RF power meter

may have a limit to the input power that it can measure without

damage. It is advised to place a calibrated fixed value RF

attenuator (typically 20 dB or more) between the Lynx DS-3

radio and the power meter to assure proper operation and safety

for the RF power meter. The value of this fixed attenuation can

then be added to the value of the RF power meter reading to

obtain the actual Lynx DS-3 radio transmitter output power.

9. Connect a voltmeter across the GND and RSL front panel test points. This

voltage reading corresponds to the Received Signal Level (RSL) of the near-end radio. In

other words, RSL is the “amount” of signal the near-end radio is receiving from the far-

end radio. Since the antennas have not been finely aligned, it is not expected at this time

that the RSL will indicate very high. However, at this point it can be verified that some

communication is taking place between the two Lynx DS-3 terminals. Use the RSL

voltage reading to align the antennas. Align one antenna at a time in accordance with

Section 3.10. Complete alignment of both ends of the radio link before going further.

The RSL voltage output on the radio's front panel will output a

voltage range over the full receiving capability of the radio

(approximately 0 VDC at 0 dBm to -0.8 VDC at threshold).

The Lynx DS-3 has a unique feature of allowing measurement of the far-end RSL from

the near-end radio. This is only possible if the Lynx DS-3 radios are communicating (the

RSL is above threshold). The far-end RSL can be used to verify that adjustments to local

antenna alignment are corresponding to the far-end radio reception. Far-end RSL is

measured by pressing and holding the DISPLAY FAR END front panel button. While this

button is held, the RSL voltage indicates the RSL of the far-end radio. RSL of both ends

should be verified to be within approximately 5 dB of predicted value (see Section 3.3.3).

There are several factors that can contribute to low RSL:

- Incorrect antenna alignment (aligned on a lobe and not on the main signal)

- Improper polarization alignment of antennas (horizontal vs. vertical)

- Transmission line problems (loose connections, bent or damaged cables, lossy

adapters)

- Path obstructions (trees, buildings, hills, etc.)

- Path clearance (line-of-sight, earth curvature, Fresnel zone, diffraction and partial

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-38 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

obstruction)

- Weather (inversion layers, ducting and multipath)

- Antenna feed (coaxial/connector) problem

The Lynx DS-3 requires professional installation. Don’t forget

that the transmitter output power adjustment on the Lynx DS-

3 radio effects the RSL. Depending on EIRP limits (if any),

path distance, and antenna gain, you may need to adjust the

output transmit power to the proper level before putting the

radios in service.

If radio synchronization has been established, the radio link

may be able to provide some limited communications over the

link. It can be helpful to establish voice communications from

one end of the radio link to the other using the Orderwire

feature of the Lynx DS-3 radio. See Section 3.14.1 for details.

If RSL is lower than anticipated, recheck the path clearance and transmission line as these are

the typical causes of low RSL. Radio operations can be verified by connecting radios back-to-back

with attenuators (40-60 dB), (see Section 4.9). If the problem remains, consult Section 4 of this

manual for troubleshooting techniques which will help determine the source of the problem.

10. Once RSL is verified to be near the predicted value, the radio link is ready for data. You

may verify error-free operation by using the loopback function, as described in Section

3.13.2 or BER testing, as described in Section 4.10. If the link is not error-free, see

Section 4.7 for troubleshooting guidelines.

11. Once radio performance is verified and acceptable, with loopback mode turned off (press

the ENABLE button, the LED will turn off), the Lynx DS-3 radios can now be put into

service with the intended T1 traffic. Connect the T1 signal to the DS-1 Interface 9-pin D

connector or the RJ-45c connector. Refer to Section 3.11 for pin configurations of these

connections. With T1 traffic applied in both directions, all front panel LEDs, except for

POWER and any unused T1 ports, will be off. If LEDs are lit, consult Section 4 of this

manual.

12. Now that the link is operational, other services can be connected including Orderwire,

Diagnostics, Alarms and Aux Data (Service Channel). Consult Section 3.14 for details on

these connections.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-39

3.13.1 Output Power Adjustment

The Lynx DS-3 requires professional installation. In certain cases, it is necessary to adjust the

output power from the factory setting, for example:

❖to meet EIRP (effective isotropic radiated power) limits.

❖to avoid exceeding the maximum far-end RSL of 0 dBm.

❖to coordinate a hub or repeater location.

To ensure maximum protection of the radio circuits, always

ensure the antenna connector is terminated when power is

applied.

For precise measurement of transmitter power, a calibrated RF power meter (such as the HP

435B with Power Sensor HP8481) is recommended. This power sensor can be connected directly

to the output of the radio without exceeding the power rating. With some power meters, it may be

necessary to place a calibrated in-line fixed attenuator between the radio antenna port and the

power meter so as to not exceed the power meter’s maximum input level. Thruline power meters

do not operate at Lynx DS-3 RF frequencies.

If adjusting the output power to meet an EIRP limit, it will be first necessary to calculate the overall

system gains and losses, including feeder losses for the type of transmission line installed and the

antenna gain, as shown in the Lynx DS-3 Product Guide. Also refer to Table 3-C or 3-D for

transmitter output power settings where installed with various transmission line lengths and

antenna sizes. You may determine the radio transmit power for EIRP limited installations by the

following equation:

Max Transmitter Power (dBm) = E – G + FL

where: E = 30 dBm for operation in the 5.25-5.35 GHz U-NII band

48 dBm for operation in the 5.750-5.825 GHz U-NII band

G = Antenna Gain

FL = Feeder Loss, including connectors

Output power may be adjusted using a small screwdriver and rotating the potentiometer which is

recessed behind the front panel. Clockwise rotation increases output power while counter-

clockwise rotation decreases output power.

In lieu of a calibrated RF power meter, the PWR test port voltage can be used to estimate the

output power. The factory test data sheet should be used to establish a more precise setting of

this adjustment.

After setting the correct output power, place the cover cap

(found in the installation accessory kit) over the front panel

receptacle.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-40 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.13.2 Loopback/BER Testing

When a pair of Lynx DS-3 radios are installed and communicating with each other, a loopback or

BER test can be performed to evaluate the link performance.

The Lynx DS-3 uses an internal test signal for DS-3 loopback. Alternatively, an external test signal

can be injected, as described in Section 3.12.4. Additionally, a DS-1 loopback may be performed

using an external DS-1 test source such as a T1 BER test set. Any T1 test pattern may be used to

make measurements at one end of the link, provided the test sequence contains adequate 1’s

density, which is no more than 15 consecutive zeros.

A 215-1 or QRSS test may be used. However a 223-1 test will

violate the 1’s density requirement.

1’s density requirements only apply when AMI line coding is

used. The Lynx DS-3 factory default setting is for B8ZS line

coding (see Section 3.12.2).

To loop around the far-end radio, press either the DS-3 or the DS-1 loopback push button (located

on the radio front panel) and hold for approximately 3 seconds, then release. The orange LED on

the loopback enable push button should now be blinking.

If the DS-1 or DS-3 loopback button LED is illuminated and not

blinking, this means the far-end radio has initiated loopback

(either manually or through the DIAGNOSTICS port).

When loopback is enabled using the internal test signal, the ERROR LED should not illuminate if

the path is operating error-free. If the ERROR LED illuminates, this means that at least one bit

error has occurred.

The DATA LOSS LED will illuminate if the external test signal mode has been selected (see

Section 3.12.4) and there is no external test signal present at any of the DS-1 ports (9 pin,

modular, or bantam connector). When using external test mode and an external test signal, the

ERROR LED function does not apply. In external test mode the ERROR LED will not illuminate,

even when errors are present.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-41

An external BER test set is required for statistical BER analysis. Disconnect all external DS-1

signals and connect the BER test set to the input and output DS-1 MONITOR bantam jacks.

Select external test mode (see Section 3.12.4) and initiate loopback using the ENABLE loopback

button. Now the BER test can be initiated. Section 4.10 describes BER testing in more detail.

Loopback may be turned off at either end of the link by simply

pressing the ENABLE button at either end.

If two BER test sets are used to measure the link performance

(one at each end) separately in each direction, frame slips will

occur unless the BER test sets are synchronized with one test

set as the master and the other as the slave.

For multiple capacity radio models, only one loopback channel

may be used at any one time. Loopback cannot be performed

on more than one channel.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-42 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.13.3 Error LED Mode Selection

The ERROR LED illuminates if any errors are present in the data stream during loopback. This

LED is only functional when using the internal test signal.

The default mode for this LED is “latched”. That is, when a single error occurs, the LED

illuminates and stays lit until loopback is turned off. This mode is especially useful for long term

(overnight) testing, or any time that an operator is not watching the radio during loopback testing.

There is an optional mode for this LED which is “unlatched”. This allows the user to “view” the

error rate. In this mode, the LED will flash on each time a single or multiple error occurs. The LED

turns off if no further errors occur. This mode can be useful if a BER test set is not available and

the user wishes to determine the nature of any error conditions (bursting, dribbling, occasional).

In “unlatched” mode, when any errors occur, the ERROR LED will illuminate for a minimum of one

second. If errors continue within this one second interval, the LED will remain on until there are no

errors for 1 second.

The two modes for this LED are selected by a rear panel DIP switch, as shown in Figure 3-20.

ERROR LED SW3-2

ERROR LED Unlatched 1

ERROR LED Latched 0

Figure 3-16: Error LED Mode Selection

In the LED unlatch mode, after 100 errors the ERROR LED

will remain lit to indicate excessive errors.

SW3 (Rear panel of LYNX DS-3)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-43

3.14 Additional Connections

There are additional customer connections which are optional and are not required to make the

Lynx DS-3 operational but may prove useful.

3.14.1 Orderwire Connection and Address Selection

Orderwire is a “telephone” type wayside service which allows users of the Lynx DS-3 radio to

establish voice communications from one radio to another, either directly to the companion far-

end, or through a repeater configuration, or several repeater configurations.

Telephone connection specifications:

REN (Ringer Equivalency Number) 1.0 B

Ringing Voltage 48 VDC, typical

(Ringing voltage is adequate for modern solid state ringers,

NOT for the older mechanical type ringers)

This Orderwire service does not affect the normal radio transmission of T1 traffic. Refer to Section

2.3.5 for the telephone specifications. For simple near-end to far-end communications, follow the

steps below:

1. Using a small screwdriver, set the address of both terminals by rotating the address rotary

selection switches on the rear panel of the Lynx DS-3. The address is a two digit number

(from 01 to 99). Each Lynx DS-3 terminal in the network should have a unique address. This

address acts like a “phone number” for other users to call a particular terminal. Each Lynx

DS-3 terminal should have a unique address.

Radio pairs (links) are shipped from the factory with addresses set to

01 or 02. Therefore, if only one pair is being used, address selection

may not be necessary. Also, in a connected spur network, it may be

desirable to maintain orderwire telephone addresses between 01 and

08 because the address doubles as the NMS/TBOS net address

which is limited to the addresses 01 through 08 (see Section 3.14.3.3

for more information).

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-44 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Figure 3-17: RJ-11 Orderwire Telephone Connection

2. Using a standard RJ-11 telephone cable, connect a standard electronic telephone (a touch

tone phone, complete with dialer; a handset by itself will not work) to the Orderwire connector

on the Lynx DS-3 front panel. This connector is wired identically to a standard two-wire

telephone jack, see Figure 3-21 for details.

3. With a telephone connected to each Lynx DS-3 terminal on opposite ends of the link, either

telephone can be used to “dial-up” the far-end location. Simply pick up the handset of the

near-end telephone and dial the two-digit address of the far-end Lynx DS-3 terminal. The far-

end terminal’s internal ringer and the connected telephone will ring, and if answered, two-way

full-duplex voice communication is established.

If using the Orderwire or Network management functions, all

Lynx DS-3 radios connected must have unique address settings

(telephone numbers).

The orderwire address is set by two rotary switches on the rear

panel of the Lynx DS-3. Use as small screwdriver to select the

orderwire address (01 through 99).

4. If the Lynx DS-3 radios are connected in a repeater configuration, Orderwire services can be

established to all Lynx DS-3 terminals in the network by implementing a connection of their

rear-panel connectors between repeater terminals. At the repeater site, a cable can be

connected to the two Lynx DS-3 terminals between their rear panel VF 25-pin connectors as

shown in Figure 3-22. With this cable in place, the Orderwire function will operate at terminals

at each end of the repeater and at the repeater site. This function can be continued through

several repeater sites if desired. For hub connections of 3 or more Lynx DS-3 radios at the

same site, an external 4-wire bridge is required to connect all radios to the orderwire.

The orderwire system can be integrated with orderwire

equipment supported by many other vendors. If your existing

orderwire network uses 2 digit addressing, and 0 dBm VF

interface, it can be connected to a Lynx DS-3 as shown in

Figure 3-22.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-45

Dialing a

✶

(star key) on the orderwire telephone implements an

“all call” feature which rings all connected radios. Also, if a

phone anywhere in the connected network has accidentally

been left off-hook, the # (pound key) key can be used to mute

all off-hook handsets until they are placed on and off hook

again.

The orderwire operates like a “party line”. All telephones provide

communication to all other telephones in the connected

network. Even if a particular telephone does not ring, it can still

be used to talk and listen to any ongoing orderwire activity if the

orderwire is in use at other terminal locations.

Figure 3-18: VF Port and VF Connections

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-46 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.14.2 Alarm Connections

External alarm outputs are provided at the 25-pin, D-type subminiature ALARM connector. There

are two Form C summary alarm relays capable of switching 30 VDC at 1 A. Also, individual alarm

logic outputs capable of sourcing and sinking 1mA are provided. These individual alarms interface

to a single standard TTL load. When the unit is IN ALARM = “0”, the TTL output is 0 V to ±0.5 V.

When the unit is NO ALARM = “1”, the TTL output is +3.5 V to +5.5 V. See Table 3-E and Figure

3-23 for Alarm Connections.

The “summary” alarm (Form C relay) is activated by any near-end front panel LED alarm

condition, including if the loopback mode is enabled.

The “out-of-service summary” alarm (Form C relay) is activated by any of the following alarm

conditions:

❖RX SYNC

❖Radio Fail

❖Loopback Enabled

Figure 3-19: Pin Connections, ALARM Interface

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-47

PIN 2 DS-3 DATA LOSS - in alarm if no incoming

DS-3 data is received into the transmitter.

This alarm may be disabled by DIP switch

selection (see Section 3.12.6).

PIN 16 NC, SUMMARY ALARM, FORM C - normally

closed connection on summary alarm relay.

PIN 4 DS-1 DATA LOSS – in alarm if no incoming

DS-1 data is received into the transmitter.

Data Loss is activated when the input signal

drops below 0.97 volts for 175 bit intervals

and is deactivated as soon as the input signal

level rises above 0.97 volts. Radio transmits

AIS to the far-end if in alarm. This alarm may

be disabled by DIP switch selection (see

Section 3.12.6).

PIN 17 NO, OUT OF SERVICE SUMMARY ALARM,

FORM C - normally open connection on out-

of-service summary alarm relay. Closed when

in alarm.

PIN 6 BER - in alarm when the received signal is

degraded to an error rate above radio

threshold (approximately 1 x 10-6)

PIN 18 C, OUT OF SERVICE SUMMARY ALARM,

FORM C - common connection for the out-of-

service summary alarm relay.

PIN 8 AIS OUT - in alarm when the BER exceeds 1

x 10-3 for the received signal, or when there is

an RX SYNC alarm condition. Near-end radio

DS-1 line output has AIS when in alarm. This

alarm may be disabled as described in

Section 3.12.7.

PIN 19 NC, OUT OF SERVICE SUMMARY ALARM,

FORM C - normally closed connection on out-

of-service summary alarm relay. Open when

in alarm.

PIN 10 FAN - in alarm when one or both of the

internal fans are not operative. PIN 21 NOT USED

PIN 12 FAR-END - in alarm when the far-end radio

has an alarm condition. PIN 22 NOT USED

PIN 14 NO, SUMMARY ALARM, FORM C - normally

open connection on summary alarm relay.

Closed when in alarm.

PIN 24 TX PWR MON - voltage equal to the TX PWR

front panel voltage.

PIN 15 C, SUMMARY ALARM, FORM C - common

connection on the summary alarm relay. PIN 25 RSL MON - voltage equal to the RSL front

panel voltage.

PINS 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 20, & 23 GROUND, CHASSIS CONNECTION

Table 3-C: Alarm Interface Connections

All alarms are active for a minimum of one second, or as long

as the alarm condition persists, which ever is longer.

TTL signals are “in alarm” when there is a TTL zero condition

(0 V to ± 0.5 V).

3.14.3 Diagnostics Port Operation

The Diagnostics Port is used to retrieve diagnostic or network management information about the

Lynx DS-3 radios by means of a computer connection. This can be accomplished locally or

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-48 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

remotely. Remote diagnostic port connections require either a modem (not included) connection

be made to the serial port, when a local dial-up phone line is available at a radio site, or by means

of direct connection through the AUX DATA port (Service Channel). The use of the AUX DATA

channel can provide a “network management” port where serial interface data is available from all

Lynx DS-3 radios in a network, provided that they are configured properly for this type of

operation. (This section and Section 3.14.4 describe this further).

The diagnostics port allows connection of either EIA standard RS-232 or RS-422 devices to poll

and receive status of the Lynx DS-3 radio. This serial port provides similar information to that

which is normally available to a local operator by means of visual alarms and status (front panel

LEDs, ADDRESS, DIP switch settings etc.), including voltage level measurements (such as RSL,

PWR) and alarm port (see Section 3.14.2) status. The diagnostics port can also provide extended

information including some advanced diagnostics and configuration information. Any information

that is available on the far-end terminal is also available at the near-end Diagnostics port (such as

far-end RSL, far-end alarms) by means of bridging the AUX DATA port (as described in Section

3.14.4). A DIP switch is used to define the command protocol for this port as shown in Figure 3-

24. The default setting is for TBOS commands (as described later in this section). The other

setting is for factory use only.

Figure 3-20: Diagnostic Port Protocol Selection

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-49

3.14.3.1Diagnostics Port using RS-232

For RS-232 diagnostics connection to the Lynx DS-3 radio, connect the serial device (modem,

computer, terminal) to the male 9-pin subminiature connector in accordance with Figure 3-25.

Figure 3-21: RS-232 Diagnostic Port Connections

Pins 6 through 9 must not be connected for RS-232

communications to operate properly.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-50 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.14.3.2Diagnostics Port using RS-422

For RS-422 Diagnostics connection to the Lynx DS-3 radio, connect to the serial device (modem,

computer, terminal) to the male 9-pin subminiature connector in accordance with Figure 3-26.

Figure 3-22: RS-422 Diagnostic Port Connections

Do not connect devices to both the RS-232 and RS-422

connections of the Diagnostics Port. This will cause data

conflicts that will result in errors over the interface.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-51

3.14.3.3TBOS Protocol and Map

The diagnostics port is configured for an open industry standard protocol, called Telemetry Byte

Oriented Serial (TBOS). TBOS is a poll and response protocol that operates on a RS-422 4-wire

interface, one pair for transmit data (requests) to the radio, and one pair for receive data

(responses) from the radio. TBOS is asynchronous, serial, half duplex transmissions of ASCII

words which consist of one start bit, 8 data bits, odd parity and two stop bits at 1200 baud. The

connected terminal (remote or local) can poll the radio and determine status of the connected

Lynx DS-3 radio. The Lynx DS-3 is also able to communicate TBOS commands over the RS-232

connections, instead of the RS-422 connections if desired.

TBOS operates with a bit-map structure where each bit that the connected Lynx DS-3 radio sends

to the TBOS terminal has a specific meaning with regard to status, alarms or controls. All TBOS

network elements require a map for the network management software to interpret their

responses to queries from the terminal. Table 3-F provides the TBOS map for the T1 Lynx DS-3

radios.

The near-end RSL and Tx power test point voltages are encoded as 8 bit words that can be

converted into reference voltages (the same as at the front panel of the radio.

The address of the radio (see Section 3.14.1) serves as the “display” page number for the TBOS

data. Since TBOS is limited to eight (8) displays of data, it is required that addresses of 01

through 08 be used for Lynx DS-3 radios in TBOS networks. Any radio with addresses other than

01 through 08 will not report to the TBOS bit-map. In order to view status displays of far-end

radios, or other radios in the connected network, the AUX DATA port must be in Bridge (default)

mode as described in Section 3.14.4.

Alarm points within the TBOS map behave like the radio front

and rear panel alarms. If DIP switches have been set to disable

alarms, the alarms are disabled within the TBOS map.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-52 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Byte Poin Bit Type Scan Point Definition Control Point Definition Notes

1 7 S Model ID MSB

2 6 S Model ID LSB+2 0000=DS3 Single Band 5.8GHz

3 5 S Model ID LSB+1 0001=DS3 Dual Band 5.8GHz / 5.3GHz

14 4 S Model ID LSB

5 3 N/A Future Use

6 2 S Channel Plan ID MSB SW3

os 6 00=A

01=B

10=C

7 1 S Channel Plan ID LSB SW3 pos 7

8 0 S Channel Plan Tx Hi

h/Low 1=transmit hi

0=transmit low

9 7 A Radio Fail Alarm

10 6 A AIS Out Alarm

11 5 A Fan Alarm

212 4 A Rx S

nc Alarm

13 3 A Loo

back Error Alarm

14 2 A BER Alarm

15 1 A Far-End Alarm

16 0 A Telemetr

Down Alarm

17 7 A Data Loss DS3 Alarm

18 6 A Data Loss DS1 Alarm

19 5 A Link ID Mismatch Alarm Near End SW2

os not matched with Far End SW2

320 4 N/A

21 3 S Data Loss DS3 Alarm Disabled SW1

os 5

22 2 S Data Loss DS1 Alarm Disabled SW1

os 4

23 1 N/A

24 0 N/A

25 7 S Loo

ack Test Source SW3

os 1, 1=external

(

valid for DS3 onl

26 6 S Loo

back Error LED Mode SW3

os 2 , 1=latched

(

valid for DS3 onl

27 5 S/C Loo

back DS3 Channel Loo

back DS3 Channel Front

anel switch

428 4 S/C Loo

back DS1 Channel Loo

back DS1 Channel Front

anel switch

29 3 N/A

30 2 N/A

31 1 S AIS Disabled SW1

os 6

32 0 S Brid

e Disabled SW1

os 8

33 7 S/C DS1 Line Code SW1

os 3

34 6 N/A

35 5 N/A

536 4 N/A

37 3 S Far-End Address Invalid 1=Address>08

38 2 S Far-End Address MSB 000=01

001=02

010=03

39 1 S Far-End Address LSB+1 011=04, 100=05, 101=06,

40 0 S Far-End Address LSB 110=07, 111=08

41 7 S Near-End RSL MSB

42 6 S Near-End RSL MSB-1

43 5 S Near-End RSL MSB-2

644 4 S Near-End RSL MSB-3 8-bit word derives volta

e or dBm

45 3 S Near-End RSL MSB-4

46 2 S Near-End RSL MSB-5

47 1 S Near-End RSL MSB-6

48 0 S Near-End RSL MSB-7

49 7 S Near-End Tx Power MSB

50 6 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-1

51 5 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-2

752 4 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-3 8-bit word derives volta

e or dBm

53 3 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-4

54 2 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-5

55 1 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-6

56 0 S Near-End Tx Power MSB-7

57 7 S Both Fans Bad Only applies if Point 11=1

58 6 S Tx Synth Unlock Only applies if Point 9=1

59 5 S Rx Synth Unlock Only applies if Point 9=1

860 4 S Input Line Driver Only applies if Point 9=1 (sums all input alarms)

61 3 N/A

62 2 S TBOS Ma

MSB 000=Primar

63 1 S TBOS Map LSB+1 100=High capacity (this one)

64 0 S TBOS Map LSB

Table 3-D: TBOS Map for the Lynx DS-3

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-53

3.14.4 AUX DATA (Digital Service Channel) Connection

The AUX DATA port is a separate wayside serial port which can be configured to allow the

connection of any user serial data (to 9600 baud) through the radio network. In the default

configuration, this service channel is “bridged” to the diagnostics port, providing TBOS network

management for far-end radios including radio network management through repeaters and hubs.

Connection to the AUX DATA port is an RS-232 or RS-422 serial interface, identical to the

diagnostics port (see Section 3.14.3). This port does not affect the T1 traffic on the Lynx DS-3

radio.

For TBOS network management, or when the AUX DATA port is used as a clear service channel,

co-located radios can be wired to one another to provide the information throughout the network.

At a repeater or hub location, bridging is accomplished by cable connections between co-located

Lynx DS-3 radios, via their AUX DATA ports, as shown in Figure 3-27 and 3-28. Figure 3-29

illustrates the pin-to-pin connections for this configuration. There is a related DIP switch position,

as shown in Figure 3-30, that makes the AUX DATA port usable for customer data instead of the

TBOS network management information. The factory default setting for this DIP switch is for

TBOS network management.

For non-TBOS external site management systems can be used with the Lynx DS-3 radios; Figure

3-26 shows a typical application. Here the reporting relies on external devices to communicate

over the clear service channel of the Lynx DS-3 radio. Each radio is given a site location (see

Section 3.14.1) and information on the radio status and control is fed through the diagnostic port

to a remote terminal unit (RTU). These RTUs have the capability of providing for other external

inputs at the remote site, for complete network management. Communication from each RTU is

fed via the RS-232 port to the AUX DATA connector on the radio, in this configuration no bridging

is required.

RTUs that do not support TBOS can alternatively connect to

the Lynx DS-3 alarm connector for discreet TTL alarms and/or

test point voltages.

If you are using TBOS network management and want full

information on the far-end radio (even in a single-hop

application), the bridge function must be enabled.

The service channel can only be used for TBOS network

management or for Aux data, not both. When selected for

TBOS, no other data should be connected to the AUX DATA

port.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-54 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

Figure 3-23: Repeater and Hub TBOS Radio Network Management

Figure 3-24: Repeater Application with Site Network Management

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-55

Figure 3-25: AUX DATA Cable Connection for Repeater/Hub

SW1-8

(See Appendix B)

Figure 3-26: AUX Data Selection

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 3-56 SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS

3.14.5 Monitored Hot Stand-by Protection

The monitored hot stand-by configuration (MHS) can be

implemented using the DS-3 Protection Switch. Contact

factory for specifications and application information

Typical MHS configuration is shown in Figure 3-31.

Figure 3-27: MHS Configuration

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 3: INSTALLATION & ADJUSTMENTS PAGE 3-57

Your Notes on the Lynx DS-3 Radio

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-1

4. Troubleshooting

4.1 Regular Maintenance

The Lynx DS-3 radios do not require any regular maintenance, however it is prudent to monitor

the radio link at regular intervals to assure that the link conditions are not changing. When visiting

a radio site for maintenance, the following items may be checked and their results recorded:

❖RSL Voltage

❖PWR Voltage

❖Far-end RSL Voltage

❖Alarm conditions

❖Verify radio has adequate ventilation

If any alarm conditions exist, they should be recorded, and troubleshooting procedures from this

Section of the manual should be followed.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-2 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.2 Changing Frequency Plans

The Lynx DS-3 RF frequency selections are listed in Section 3.5. The near-end radio and the far-

end radio must be corresponding (e.g. A1 / A2). The frequency of a given Lynx DS-3 terminal is

set by the specific filter, the physical orientation of this assembly, and the setting of corresponding

DIP Switches. (See Section 3.12.1 for more details.)

With respect to a given filter, the frequencies are fixed, because tuned RF filters are required for

normal operation. Changing of the (pre-tuned) radio frequencies may be required when installing

spares or for special situations, such as interference mitigation. This is accomplished by installing

an alternate filter or re-orienting the existing filter (diplexer).

For any given model of Lynx DS-3, the frequency channel can be changed by swapping and /or

re-orienting the filter.

It is not necessary to remove the cover assembly of the Lynx

DS-3

1. Remove the two screws which mount the filter to the Lynx DS-3 chassis.

2. Slowly remove the filter from the chassis being careful to not endanger the cables that are

connected to the rear side of the filter.

3. Disconnect the two SMA connectors that are attached to the rear of the filter.

4. Select the new filter or orient the existing filter such that the frequency channel label on the

filter (showing the DIP switch positions) is right-side-up corresponding to the desired

frequency channel.

5. Connect the two SMA connectors to the new or reoriented filter.

6. Slowly place the wired filter assembly so that it is flush with the rear panel.

7. Install the two screws which mount the filter to the rear panel.

8. Refer to the rear panel filter label or Section 3.12.1 for DIP Switch settings to correspond to

the new filter.

On the single-band Lynx DS-3, the filter assemblies of A1 and

A2 terminal are NOT identical. And there is a circulator in each

diplexer, so they can not be interchanged. However in the case

of dual-band Lynx DS-3, the A1 can be converted to a B1 or

vice versa, by changing the diplexer and setting the DIP

switches. The same applies to A2 and B2. DIP switch selections

need to match the filter orientation, per the appropriate filter

label.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-3

4.3 Using a Spare Terminal

For single-band Lynx DS-3 radios, i.e. model 27710-91XX and model 27750-91XX, a similar

(single band) model must be used. The diplexer on the single band model is unique and contains

a circulator at the antenna port, therefore the diplexer can not be rotated to accommodate for both

A1 and A2 options. That is, for the single-band, a single-band terminal plus one of each type of

diplexer is required to accommodate for both A1 and A2 option radios.

For dual band (model 27700-91XX) Lynx DS-3 radios, one spare terminal can be used for either

A1/B1 and a different spare terminal can be used for A2/B2. Spares for dual band Lynx DS-3

(5.3/5.8 GHz model) are band dependent, and one must be A1/B1 and the other must be an

A2/B2. This will require stocking for two terminals as usable spares. A terminal can be re-

channelized from an A1 to a B1 only, or an A2 to a B2 only, but A1/B1 cannot be re-channelized to

an A2/B2, as each split band transceiver cannot invert frequency bands. A minimum of one

diplexer type may be kept as a spare, because it is bi-directional and can be inverted 180 degrees

to change from A1 usage to A2, or B1 usage to B2 or vice versa. See Section 4.2 for changing

frequencies of a spare radio.

Customers with several radios, or radios in critical operations are encouraged to purchase one or

more spare radios of each model in their system. This will allow rapid restoration of radio service

in the unlikely event of a radio failure.

Single Band Spare

Required Hardware Dual Band Spare (A1/B1)

Required Hardware Dual Band Spare (A2/B2)

Required Hardware

27710-91A2X Terminal 27700-91A1X Terminal 27700-91A2X Terminal

A1 Diplexer Same diplexer covers B1

option as well Same diplexer covers B2

option as well

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-4 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.4 Technical Support

Western Multiplex provides 24-hour telephone technical support for installed Lynx DS-3 radios.

Customers are encouraged to troubleshoot the radio and link in accordance with the latter part of

this section in this manual before contacting Western Multiplex. Western Multiplex also has a

limited supply of Lynx DS-3 radios that can be loaned to out-of-service customers for installation

while units are being repaired. Loaner supply is limited, and is only used for critical applications on

a first-come, first-served basis.

Customer service #: +1 (408) 542-5390.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-5

4.5 Repair Policy

The Lynx DS-3 terminal includes comprehensive alarm indicators designed to diagnose potential

faults. Should a fault occur, it often may be resolved by operator adjustment.

Should a fault occur that cannot be resolved by operator adjustment and has been confirmed by

looping terminals together on the bench (See Section 4.9), then the equipment should be returned

to the factory for repair.

The Lynx DS-3 is a complex system not designed for user repair. Do not remove the cover or

open any part of the Lynx DS-3 terminal. The complete Lynx DS-3 terminal should be sent back in

its original packing material for factory repair.

Please contact the factory in advance of returning the product. You will be assigned a Return

Material Authorization (RMA) number that authorizes your return. Units sent to the factory without

an RMA number may be delayed in the processing of the repair. Be sure to include the following

information:

❖RMA number

❖description of the problem

❖your name and telephone number

❖return shipping address

❖urgency of repair

Please refer to the published Warranty policy W96-10 for

complete repair policy details. This document is included in the

front of this manual.

Lynx radios should be packaged in their original packing boxes

for shipment whenever possible. Western Multiplex can provide

an empty box shipment to facilitate proper packaging.

Regardless, proper and adequate packaging must be used for

shipments to protect the radio(s) from damage. Western

Multiplex can not be held responsible for any repairs due to

inadequately packed materials. Damage caused by improper

packing will likely result in higher repair costs and delays (refer

to the Warranty section at the beginning of this manual).

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-6 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.6 Front Panel Status LEDs

There are several front panel status LEDs on the Lynx DS-3. These LEDs indicate conditions

where either a hardware failure has occurred or the radio link is not optimum. In many cases, a

combination of LEDs may be illuminated. The following sections describe the necessary

troubleshooting procedures should any LED(s) indicate a problem during or after installation.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-7

4.6.1 DATA LOSS Alarms

Function:

These DATA LOSS Alarms indicate that no DS-3 and/or DS-1 is present at the rear panel data

interface. The DS3 DATA LOSS alarm relates to the DS3 input (BNC) port, while the DS1 input

alarm relates to the DS1 input (RJ-48C or DB-9) ports. The data loss alarms do not indicate a

radio hardware failure.

The capacity of the radio will determine how many DATA LOSS

LEDs there are on the front panel.

Sometimes the wayside DS-1 is not used at all, or will be used

in the future. In this case, the DS1 alarm will be active because

no DS-1 signal will be present. This alarm can be defeated by

selecting SW1-4, a rear panel DIP switch, in the upside

position, as described in Section 3.12.6.

When there is a data loss condition, even if the data loss alarm

has been disabled, the Lynx DS-3 injects AIS into the (RF)

transmitted DS-1 signal.

Possible Causes:

❖No DS-3 and/or DS-1 connection present at rear panel

❖Improper pin connections of DS-3 and/or DS-1 connector(s)

❖No data on DS-3 and/or DS-1 input connector(s)

Recommended Actions:

1. Check to make sure that there is a DS-1 connection present on either of the three DS-1

connectors (9-pin D, 8-pin modular jack or Bantam) for the channel in alarm.

On a multiple-capacity radio, if the alarm is on a channel which is

unused at this time, the alarm condition can be disabled by a rear

panel DIP switch, as described in Section 3.12.6.

(continued)

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-8 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

2. Verify that the DS-1 line has data active at the radio connection. This can be

accomplished using a BER tester or signal analyzer at the bantam jacks on the rear panel

of the radio. Also, signal activity can be verified by using an oscilloscope.

When monitoring the incoming DS-1 signal using the rear panel

bantam jack, the BERT must be bridge terminated. Do not

double-terminate the DS-1 interface.

3. Verify that pin connections have been made properly (in accordance to Section 3.11).

Make sure that you have connected the DS-1 with respect to DTE or DCE, depending on

the DS-1 transmitting device.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-9

4.6.2 BER (Bit Error Rate) Alarm

Function:

This LED indicates that the traffic being received from the far-end radio is exceeding the bit error

rate threshold of the radio (approximately 1 x 10-6). This indicates that radio traffic currently has

errors on it which may exceed acceptable levels. This LED will stay ON as long as the BER

threshold is being exceeded. In some cases, it will turn ON and OFF, in which case there are

bursts of errors causing intermittent degradation to the received data. In all cases, the LED will be

on for at least 1 second for any group of errors which exceed the threshold, whether they are a

burst of errors or a long string of errors.

If the RX SYNC alarm is on the near-end or far-end radio in

addition to the BER alarm (on the same radio), the RX SYNC

alarm should be the first priority for troubleshooting.

Possible Causes:

❖Path fading due to atmospheric conditions (usually accompanied by Far-End BER

alarm) and low RSL voltage reading

❖Poor transmission line connections (usually accompanied by Far-End BER alarm) and

low RSL voltage reading

❖Antenna problems, misalignment or path clearance (usually accompanied by Far-End

BER alarm) and low RSL voltage reading

❖Interference

❖Received signal level (RSL) is too strong

❖Far-end radio transmitter circuitry is faulty or Tx Power adjusted incorrectly (too low)

❖Near-end radio receiver circuitry is faulty

❖Incorrect setting of the LINE CODE and/or LBO

Recommended Actions:

An internal loopback test should be performed to verify that errors are occurring over the link:

❖Verify that the near-end radio is set for Internal test mode and Latched Error LED (both

default settings of rear panel DIP switch positions, as described in Sections 3.12.4 and

3.13.3).

❖Press and hold (for approximately 3 seconds, then release) the Loopback Enable

switch on the front panel of one radio (this will take radios out of service). Let this test

run for a few minutes.

❖If the ERROR LED illuminates, this is verification that errors are on the link and

troubleshooting should continue. Also verify for both radios that the Line Build Out DIP

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-10 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

switches and DS-1 Line Code settings are in accordance with external DS equipment

(see Sections 3.12.2 and 3.12.3).

❖Press the Loopback Enable switch to deactivate loopback mode.

Next measure RSL by placing a voltmeter across RSL and GND test points. Compare this voltage

to the Factory Test Data Sheet and estimate the RSL in dBm. Compare this to the RSL that was

expected using path calculations (see Section 3.3.3). Press and hold the DISPLAY FAR END

button and measure the far-end RSL (while continuing to hold the button). Compare this RSL to

the Factory Test Data Sheet for the far-end radio and estimate the RSL in dBm. Again, compare

this RSL to the expected RSL from the link budget calculations.

If RSL from both ends of the radio are approximately the same as each other, but lower than

anticipated for this installation, then the likely cause of the BER alarm(s) is excessive losses

between the radios. Excessive loss problems could include the transmission line at either end, all

adapters, connectors, the antennas, the antenna alignment as well as the path itself (any

obstructions or clearance problems). Antenna alignment, line-of-sight and path clearance should

be verified; if this does not improve RSL, all devices between the radios and their antennas at

both ends should be checked. Make sure all transmission line, connectors and any other devices

are properly rated for operation at the radio's frequency.

If only one end has low RSL, this could be caused by low transmit output power from the opposite

end radio. Verify that the transmitter output power of the radio opposite to the low RSL receiver

has been set in accordance to path calculations, or EIRP restrictions (where applicable). Power

adjustment must be performed by professional installation personnel only. The PWR test point

can be used and compared with the Factory Test Data Sheet, the front panel recessed

potentiometer can be turned clockwise to increase power. If an RF power meter is available, this

can be connected to the RF output of the radio for precision measurement. This test will also

verify that the radio transmitter is working properly.

If one terminal (or both) has high RSL, this could be caused by a very short path or interference.

To verify the possible presence of interference, remove DC power to the radio which is opposite to

the one that is reading high RSL. Once power is removed, measure RSL on the remaining radio.

If RSL voltage is higher than that which is listed for "Threshold" in the Factory Test Data Sheet,

then an interfering signal is present. If interference is suspected, the easiest potential remedy is to

swap frequency channels on both sides of the link. See Section 4.2 for details. Swap frequencies

on both terminals so that they are the opposite from their original settings (e.g. change A1 into A2

and A2 into A1). Make sure that you change the DIP switch settings to correspond to the channel

change. After both ends are changed, reconnect the radios and determine if the BER alarm is still

active. If the BER alarm is still active, other frequency channels can be installed, or other

interference countermeasures can be tried, in accordance with Section 4.8.

If the BER alarm continues, an external BER test should be performed to verify the extent of bit

errors on the link. See Sections 4.9 and 4.10 for details on bit error rate testing. A BERT can be

connected on one side of the link, the External test mode selected on the near-end radio,

loopback enabled and bit errors evaluated. If the BER is above acceptable levels, continue to

troubleshoot the link.

If all path related and data input problems have been pursued and the BER alarm is still active,

the problem could be related to a radio failure. While radio failure is typically indicated by more

severe alarm conditions, it is possible that one of the radios may be out of specification, and this

could be the cause of the BER alarm. A back-to-back test will verify proper radio operation. See

Section 4.9 for details. A threshold test on both radios along with a test to verify proper RF output

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-11

power would be beneficial.

Perform a back-to-back test before returning any radio terminal to

the factory for repair. A back-to-back test verifies radio operation.

(See Section 4.9).

If the radios successfully pass their back-to-back testing, the problem is likely with the path or the

connections between the radio and the antenna or interference. Before reinstalling the radios, be

sure to set the output power to the appropriate level for the installation and set rear panel DIP

switches to the desired settings for the installation.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-12 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.6.3 RX SYNC (Receiver Synchronization) Alarm

Function:

This LED indicates that the demodulator function is not synchronizing with the intended received

signal.

When the RX SYNC alarm is active, the Lynx DS-3 radio injects AIS onto the received DS-3 and

DS-1 (line transmit out), even if AIS has been disabled by rear panel DIP switch setting.

Possible Causes:

❖Severe path fading due to atmospheric conditions (usually accompanied by Far-End RX

SYNC or BER alarm) and low RSL voltage reading

❖Poor transmission line connections (usually accompanied by Far-End RX SYNC or BER

alarm) and low RSL voltage reading

❖Antenna problems, misalignment, or path clearance (usually accompanied by Far-End

RX SYNC or BER alarm) and low RSL voltage reading

❖Improper radio settings (frequency channel, security code)

❖Interference

❖Far-End radio transmitter circuitry is faulty

❖Near-End radio receiver circuitry is faulty

Recommended Actions:

Check the following at each end of the link:

❖Verify that rear panel filters are opposite channel plans on each end (e.g. one is A1 and

other is A2).

❖Verify that rear panel DIP switch settings match each installed filter (see Section

3.12.1).

❖Verify that each radio is set to the same security code (see Section 3.12.5).

❖Verify that all connections between radios and antennas are secure and all devices

between radios and antennas are rated for the radio frequency band.

If RX SYNC alarm continues, follow recommended actions for a BER alarm as described in

Section 4.6.2.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-13

4.6.4 AIS OUT (Alarm Indication Signal)

Function:

This LED informs the user that the near-end receiver is operating at BER ≥ 1 x 10-3 or is not

receiving data and is therefore injecting AIS to the line transmit out of the DS-3 and DS-1

connectors.

If the AIS has been disabled by rear panel DIP switch, AIS will not be injected onto the line

transmit output unless there is a loss of sync (RX SYNC alarm).

Possible Causes:

❖Local receiver has lost lock (RX SYNC)

❖Local receiver is operating at BER >1 x 10-3

Recommended Actions:

1. Follow recommended actions for a RX SYNC alarm, as described in Section 4.6.3.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-14 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.6.5 FAN Alarm

Function:

This alarm activates only when one or both of the internal fans are faulty.

Possible Cause:

❖Faulty fan inside the radio.

Recommended Actions:

1. Check environmental conditions of the radio. Assure that the ambient temperature at the radio

location is within specification of the radio. If not, apply environmental conditioning to radio

location or place radio at alternate location where the environmental specifications are met.

2. Visually inspect radio mounting area and ensure that right and left sides of the radio chassis

are unobstructed for airflow.

3. Verify that at least one of the internal fans are operational by temporarily covering some of the

ventilation holes on the right side of the radio (as you face the front panel) with a thin piece of

paper. Slowly pull the paper outwards away from the ventilation holes to determine if the fan is

pulling the paper toward the chassis. This can also be checked on the opposite side of the

chassis to verify that the fans are pushing air out of the chassis.

4. If at least one fan is working you may wish to postpone repair, as long as the unit is operating

without any other errors (the radio is designed to operate with only one fan)

5. If neither fan is working or if typical operating environment is greater than 30°C, it is

recommended that the unit be repaired at the soonest opportunity. Return the radio to the

factory for repair. See Section 4.5 for details.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-15

4.6.6 RADIO FAIL Alarm

Function:

The RADIO FAIL alarm indicates a known problem with the radio hardware.

Possible Causes:

❖Internal synthesizers are unlocked

❖Internal digital circuits have failed

❖DS-1 connection is incorrect

Recommended Actions:

1. Disconnect the DS-1 connections from the rear panel.

2. If RADIO FAIL alarm clears, check DS-1 connections for proper pin connections and

impedance as described in Section 3.11. Check rear panel LBO DIP switch settings as

described in Section 3.12.3.

3. If RADIO FAIL alarm does not clear, remove power from the unit.

4. Check to make sure power supply voltages are within specification.

5. Even if the voltages were within specification, reapply power to the unit.

6. If RADIO FAIL alarm clears, place the radio back into service.

7. If RADIO FAIL alarm does not clear, perform a back-to-back test to verify radio operation, as

described in Section 4.9.

8. If RADIO FAIL alarm is still active in a back-to-back test, return the radio to the factory for

repair (see Section 4.5).

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-16 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.6.7 FAR END Alarm

Function:

This LED indicates that there is an alarm condition present on the far-end radio. When the

DISPLAY FAR END button is pressed (and held), the status LEDs indicate the alarm conditions of

the far-end radio.

Possible Cause:

❖One or more alarm condition(s) exist on the far-end radio

Recommended Actions:

1. Press and hold the DISPLAY FAR END button and observe the LED status.

2. Follow instructions for troubleshooting the far-end radio in accordance to the appropriate

LEDs which are in alarm, as described in Section 4.6.1 through 4.6.6.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-17

4.7 Errors in the Data Stream

When the radio is in service, errors in the data stream may occur. This is usually known to the

operator by either faulty data indications of downstream equipment, external bit error rate testing,

or ERROR LED indications during internal loopback testing.

During internal test mode loopback testing, if an error is detected, the ERROR LED will illuminate.

In default mode, this lamp will stay lit during loopback testing if a single error is detected. If

Loopback has been performed over a period of time and the ERROR LED does not latch on, the

radio link is operating completely error-free.

The ERROR LED only operates in internal test signal loopback

mode. Use a BERT to detect errors when using an external test

signal. See Sections 3.12.4, 3.13.2 and 3.13.3 for more details.

It is possible that no alarms appear on the front panel during normal operations, but there are

errors present in the data stream. If the BER LED is lit, this indicates rather severe error

conditions and it is best to follow the procedures provided in Section 4.6.1. However, some errors

will not result in the BER alarm (such as bipolar violations, slow "dribbling" errors, improperly

terminated DS-3 or DS-1 connections or incorrect settings of LBO or Line Code DIP switches), but

will be exhibited on downstream data processing equipment or during a BER test. In other cases,

there may be data errors due to atmospheric conditions (fading), interference or other reasons,

but not at a high enough error level to be indicated with the BER alarm LED. In the case of these

types of errors, the following information can be helpful to troubleshoot the radio link.

Indications:

❖In Loopback Mode, ERROR LED is illuminated

❖During external BER test, test equipment indicates errors

❖Downstream equipment (mux, channel bank, CODEC, router, etc.) indicates errors

Possible Causes:

❖Path fading due to atmospheric conditions

❖Poor transmission line connections

❖Antenna problems, misalignment or path clearance

❖Received signal level (RSL) is too strong

❖Incorrect Line Code setting (DS-1 only)

❖Incorrect Line Build Out (LBO) setting

❖Far-End radio transmitter circuitry is faulty

❖Near-End radio receiver circuitry is faulty

❖Interference

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-18 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

Recommended Actions:

1. Verify DIP switch settings corresponding to DS-1 Line Code (AMI or B8ZS) on both radios, as

described in Section 3.12.2. They must be the same setting for both ends of the radio for

each corresponding data channel (data channel 1 or data channel 2). Channel 1 and channel

2 can be different from one another if required by external interface equipment.

2. Verify DIP switch settings corresponding to Line Build Out (LBO) length on both radios, as

described in Section 3.12.3. These may be different for each connection but need to match

the length of the DS-1 cable connected to each data port.

3. Verify that external equipment is also set to the proper DS-1 Line Code (AMI or B8ZS),

matching that of the Lynx DS-3 radio setting.

4. Verify DS-3 and DS-1 wiring in accordance to Section 3.11.

5. Even if the BER alarm LED is unlit but errors continue, follow the instructions described in

Section 4.6.2

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-19

4.8 Interference Countermeasures

The recommended interference countermeasures available to the Lynx DS-3 operator are as

follows:

1. Short Paths

The single most effective countermeasure against interference is to maintain "short path" length.

This may be achieved by dividing long paths into multiple small paths by cascading hops.

Intermediate repeaters may be formed using back-to-back Lynx DS-3 terminals and transmit

output power reduced, if required.

By definition, "short path" is defined as a path where fades are extremely rare and signal levels

vary by no more than ±3 dB during fades. This distance will vary with the RF frequency. Typically

a "short path" is defined as any path length shorter than 5 miles at 5.8 GHz.

2. Narrow Beam Antennas (high gain)

This is the next most effective countermeasure. Narrow beam antennas ensure that the

transmitted power is sent in a single direction and this minimizes the possibility of causing

interference inadvertently to other users. Narrow beam antennas also reject off-azimuth signals

being received from potential sources of interference and have high gain which boosts desired

receive levels and improves the carrier to interference ratio. When selecting narrow beam

antennas, it is helpful to know that larger antennas generally outperform smaller antennas.

Another important antenna specification is the front-to-back ratio which ensures rejection of

unwanted signals from azimuth angles behind the antenna.

3. Frequency Selection

This is another very effective countermeasure. The Lynx DS-3 offers several distinct non-

overlapping frequency channel plans (see Sections 3.5 and 4.2) and the radio's RF filter is able to

reject interference more than 20 MHz away from the receive frequency. Offset frequencies

combined with other countermeasures may enable several receive channels to operate at a single

hub site. Interference can often be overcome by exchanging frequencies of both-ends of the radio

link (e.g. change your A1 terminal to an A2 and change the other end from an A2 to an A1). Also,

changing channel plans (e.g. from A to B) can be very effective. (See Section 4.2).

4. Antenna Polarization

Cross-polarized antennas can provide approximately 20 to 30 dB discrimination of unwanted

signals. The actual discrimination will depend upon the antenna design and any rotation of

polarization along the path, for example, due to reflections. Discrimination only exists between two

orthogonal polarizations:

- vertical vs. horizontal or

- left-hand circular vs. right-hand circular

There is only 3 dB discrimination between circular and linear (vertical or horizontal) polarization.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-20 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

Interference can sometimes be overcome by changing antenna polarization at both ends of the

link.

5. Transmit Power

The maximum level into the receiver is -5 dBm. Above this level, errors may occur in the receive

data stream. Transmit output power should be reduced on very short paths to avoid overload.

6. Equipment/Antenna Location

Occasionally, interference is caused by the radio or the antenna being too close to another similar

transmitter. For example, other high powered transmitters may cause interference. Moving the

radio, the antennas, or the interfering equipment can reduce or eliminate interference.

Interference countermeasures rely to some extent on the

measurement of the received interference level and frequency.

Prior to turning up a new hop, a spectrum analyzer can be used

to monitor the spectrum at each end to check for possible

interfering signals. See Section 4.8.1 for more details.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-21

4.8.1 Use of a Spectrum Analyzer to Evaluate Potential Interference

Connecting to the antenna and using "peak hold" on a spectrum analyzer, the spectrum between

5.725 GHz and 5.825 GHz (for single-band radios) or 5.250 GHz and 5.825 GHz (for dual-band

radios) can be swept and any signals being received at levels above the radio's specified

threshold identified. If potential interfering signals are found, then the Lynx DS-3 frequency plan

can be changed to avoid a receive channel which may contain significant interference (see

Section 4.2).

For example, interference may be reduced by moving a from the A1/A2 plan to the B1/B2 plan

(dual-band option only) or by swapping terminals or RF filters so that A1 becomes A2.

Signals outside the range of 5.725 GHz and 5.825 GHz (for

single-band radios) or 5.250 GHz and 5.825 GHz (for dual-band

radios) may be ignored: they will not cause interference.

If a spectrum analyzer is not available, the RSL voltage can be used to indicate the background

noise and interference level within the receiver RF filter band when the far-end transmitter is

turned off. With the far-end radio turned off, if an RSL voltage level above the radio's threshold

level is measured, there is potentially interference in this frequency channel.

When using a spectrum analyzer for determining the presence

of interference, very narrow resolution bandwidth settings must

be used to detect signals down to the radio's threshold

(approximately –78 to -82dBm).

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-22 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.9 Back-to-Back Testing

Back-to-back testing, as shown in Figure 4-1, is an ideal method of testing the Lynx DS-3 radios.

This testing eliminates link problems caused by auxiliary equipment, installation, or the radio path

and isolates potential radio hardware problems. Back-to-back testing must be performed with both

radios at the same location. The following test equipment is required:

❖DC power source capable of supplying approximately 90 Watts (total) to the radios (or

two AC adapters)

❖One low-loss coaxial cable, N-to-N male

❖One (or more) coaxial in-line calibrated fixed attenuators, 40 to 80 dB total attenuation

The following test equipment may also be useful to perform further testing of the Lynx DS-3 radio:

❖BER tester

❖Variable (60 dB range or more) RF attenuator (rated for the proper frequency, 5.8 GHz)

❖RF power meter

Back-to-back testing must be performed to verify a radio

problem before returning any radio to the factory for repair.

When the equipment is connected as shown in Figure 4-1, without connecting the BER tester,

both Lynx DS-3 radios should have no alarm conditions, except for DATA LOSS. When Loopback

is enabled at either end, no errors should be registered by the ERROR indication. If these

conditions have been met, then it is likely that the Lynx DS-3 is operating in accordance to

specifications. If errors or alarms occur during this test, verify that all DIP switch settings are

properly set. If alarms or errors are still present, the radio is likely to be faulty.

If further troubleshooting is required for the radios themselves, a variable RF attenuator can be

inserted between the radios to fade down the path to determine that the threshold specification is

being met. The BER and threshold tests can be run in both directions to isolate the radio problem

(if any). More information on BER testing is provided in Section 4.10. An RF power meter can be

used to individually test each radio's output power.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-23

Figure 4-1: Back-to-Back Test Configuration

(When using a BER tester, initiate loopback on connected Lynx DS-3 and select external test

mode as described in Section 3.12.4.)

The Lynx DS-3 radios will be damaged if appropriate attenuation

is not supplied between radios. You must provide a minimum of

40 dB and no more than 80 dB attenuation between the two

radios.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 4-24 SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING

4.10 BER (Bit Error Rate) Testing

Bit error rate (BER) testing is the preferred way to evaluate a radio link's performance. It can be

performed from end-to-end or in loopback mode (which tests both directions of the radio path).

Figure 4-1 illustrates a typical BER test configuration for loopback testing (which may include the

radio's path instead of in-line attenuators). Figure 4-2 illustrates a typical BER test configuration

for end-to-end testing.

When performing DS-3 BER testing, make sure of the following:

- Disconnect DS-3 inputs and outputs to both radios.

- Connect BER tester to data in/output connector(s)

- Select external test signal for loopback testing using the DIP switches as defined in

Section 3.12.

- Verify all DIP switch settings.

- The BER test pattern chosen must contain adequate 1’s density

For the DS-3, a 215-1 or QRSS test pattern may be used. The

Lynx DS-3 factory design for DS-3 line coding is B3ZS (see

Section 3.12.2).

If two BER test sets are used to measure the link performance

separately in each direction, frame slips will occur unless the

BER test sets are synchronized with one test set as the

master and the other as the slave.

BER testing may be performed on the bench, with two terminals back to back, or over the radio

path. Also, it may be performed from end-to-end (which requires two BER test sets over a link, the

far-end unit slaved to the near-end unit's clock) or in loopback mode, as described in Section 4.9.

If BER testing indicates an unacceptable level of errors, follow the instructions in Section 4.6.2. or

perform a back-to-back test as described in Section 4.9.

Figure 4-2: End-to-End BER Test Configuration

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 4: TROUBLESHOOTING PAGE 4-25

Your Notes on the Lynx DS-3 Radio

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-1

5. Appendices

Appendix A - Digital Line Interface Specifications

Information in Appendix A is referenced to the following document:

Bellcore TR-TSY-000499 Issue 3, December 1989

1. Pulse Density Assurance and Maintenance

At all signal interfaces, digital bit streams must contain sufficient energy for self-extraction of

timing by various pieces of transmission equipment. The level of energy is controlled by ensuring

that sufficient pulses (or ones) are present in the bit stream. In general, as the bit rate increases,

the desired level of pulse density also increases, resulting in unique requirements applied to the

different levels in the digital hierarchy.

This section describes two approaches to ensure pulse density. The first, which is applied at a

number of digital hierarchy levels, involves a unique line code substitution when a low pulse

density threshold is detected. This is referred to a bipolar with N Zero Substitution (NZAS). The

second approach, defined only at the DS-1 level, involves recording of blocks of the digital bit

stream to ensure a continuous level of sufficient ones. Normal line coding is then applied to this

recorded signal. This technique is referred to as Zero Byte Time Slot Interchange (ZBTSI).

(a) Bipolar with N Zero Substitution (BNZS) Coding

BNZS is used at the DS-1 through DS-3 levels for zero code suppression. The line code

is fundamentally bipolar. Binary ones in the source data stream are converted to

alternating positive and negative pulses in the line signal, whereas no pulses (spaces)

are transmitted for binary zeros. In bipolar coding, the polarity is changed at every

occurrence of a one. To provide a substituted word that can be easily and reliably

identified, BNZS coding uses intentional bipolar violations (BPVs) as its characteristic.

BNZS coding substitutes a known pattern of zeros and ones in BPV for a string of

zeros. In the signature pattern, B represents a normal bipolar pulse, V represents a

pulse violating the bipolar rule, and 0 represents a zero (no pulse).

(b) Bipolar with 8 Zero Substitution (B8ZS)

B8ZS is the recommended long-term network solution to providing clear channel

capability in a DS-1 rate signal. In a DS-1 code, any sequence of eight consecutive

zeros (∅∅∅∅∅∅∅∅) is replaced with (∅∅∅VB∅VB). The polarity of the V (violation)

pulses in the fourth and seventh bit positions are the same as the preceding pulses in

the bit stream. Thus, if the preceding pulse were positive (+), the B8ZS substitution

would be (∅∅∅+–∅–+), while for a preceding negative pulse (–), the substitution would

be (∅∅∅–+∅+–). At the receiver, the decoder recognizes the (∅∅∅VB∅VB) code and

replaces it the original eight zeros. Table C-1 is an illustrative example of B8ZS.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 5-2 SECTION 5: APPENDICES

2. DS-1

(a) Nominal Rate

The DS-1 signal has a nominal line rate of 1.544 Mb/s.

(b) Interface Specifications

Table A-2 lists the DS-1 interface specifications. All signals appearing at a DS-1 cross-

connect shall satisfy each of the listed requirements.

Figure A-1 depicts the shape of an isolated pulse appearing at the DS-1 cross-connect. The

shape in Figure A-1 applies to the output pulses of all equipment as it is seen at the DS-1.

In this figure, the ordinate shows pulse amplitude normalized to unity at the pulse center.

The abscissa is a time scale measure in Unit Intervals (UIs) relative to the pulse center. For

DS-1, the UI is 648 ns (the reciprocal of the nominal bit rate).

(d) Pulse Density

All terminals that generate a DS-1 signal shall meet the following constraints on the density

of ones in the signal as delivered to the DS-1 cross-connect:

❖No more than 15 consecutive zeros

❖In each and every time window of 8(N+1) digit time slots (where N can equal 1 through

23,) there must be at least N ones present.

CASE 1 PRECEDING PULSE NEXT 8 BITS

Input +∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅

B8ZS Substitution ∅ ∅ ∅ V B ∅ V B

Output +∅ ∅ ∅ + – ∅ – +

CASE 2

Input –∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅ ∅

B8ZS Substitution ∅ ∅ ∅ V B ∅ V B

Output –∅ ∅ ∅ – + ∅ + –

Table A-1: Examples of B8ZS Coding

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-3

Line Rate 1.544 Mb/s

Tolerance Source timing for self timed DS-1 bit stream shall not exceed ±32

ppm with respect to the basic rate. DS-1 sinks should be capable of

accepting a rate deviation of ±130 ppm.

Line Code Either of the following:

(1) Bipolar* satisfying the pulse density constraints of section A.1.

(2) B8ZS as described in Section A.1.

Termination One balanced twisted pair shall be used for each direction of

transmission. See Figure A-2 for reference.

Impedance A test load of 100 ohm with a tolerance of plus or minus 5% shall be

used for the evaluation of pulse shape and the electrical parameters

specified below. This load requirement applies only to DS-1

appearance of a source terminal, not a sink. See Figure A-2.

Pulse Shape Refer to Figure A-1. The pulse amplitude shall be between 2.4V and

3.6V measured at the center of the pulse, and may be scaled by a

constant factor to fit the template.

Power Level (for an all

ones transmitted pattern) (1) The power in a band no wider than 3 kHz centered at 772 kHz

shall be between 12.6 and 17.9 dBm.

(2) The power In a band no wider than 3 kHz centered at 1544 kHz

shall be at least 29 dB below that at 772 kHz.

Power Imbalance There shall be less than 0.5 dB difference between the total power

of the positive pulses and the negative pulses.

* Bipolar is also known as Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI). Successive logical ones are coded as

pulses of alternately polarity. Zeros are coded zero. Two or more successive pulses of the same

polarity are termed bipolar violations.

Table A-2: DS-1 Interconnection Specification

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 5-4 SECTION 5: APPENDICES

Figure A-1: DS-1 Pulse Template Corner Points (New Equipment)

MAXIMUM CURVE:

TIME

(UNIT INTERVALS) –.77 –.39 –.27 –.27 –.12 0.0 .27 .35 .93 1.16

NORMALIZED

AMPLITUDE .05 .05 .8 1.15 1.15 1.05 1.05 –.07 .05 .05

MINIMUM CURVE:

TIME

(UNIT INTERVALS) –.77 –.23 –.23 –.15 0.0 .15 .23 .23 .46 .66 .93 1.16

NORMALIZED

AMPLITUDE –.05 –.05 .5 .95 .95 .9 .5 –.45 –.45 –.2 –.05 –.05

Table A-3: DS-1 Isolated Pulse Templates and Corner Points

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-5

Appendix B - Rear Panel DIP Switches

The Lynx DS-3 has three separate eight-segment rear panel DIP switches, labeled SW1, SW2

and SW3. Upon shipment from the factory, these switches are set for factory default

configuration, which is all switches down (in the “zero” position), except for SW3 position 8 for the

single band and SW3 positions 6 through 8 for the dual band option which are set to match the

installed rear panel RF filter assembly. So SW3-6 through SW3-8 determine the frequency

channel for transmit and receive. The tables in this section provide a quick reference for the DIP

switch functions and their settings.

DIP switch settings are noted by their position, either up (1), or down (0),

not by on/off as may be printed on the DIP switch assembly.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 5-6 SECTION 5: APPENDICES

Shaded switch

ositions are factor

default

12345678

SW1 1

000000000

1 2 LBO (DS-1)

0 0 0-125 Ft

1 0 125-250 Ft

0 1 250-400 Ft

1 1 400-655 Ft

3 Line Code (DS-1)

0B8ZS

1AMI

Loss of Input DS-1 Alarm 4 5 Loss of Input DS-3 Alarm

Enable 0 0 Enable

Disable 1 1 Disable

6 Rx AIS Output

0 Enable

1 Disable

Diagnostics Port 7

TBOS 0

Craft 1

Aux Data Port 8

Bridged (TBOS) 0

Enabled (Clear) 1

12345678

SW2 1

000000000

1234

Security Code

0000 Code 1

1111 Code 2

Security Code 5678

Code 1 0000

Code 2 1111

Table B-1: Lynx DS-3 5.8 GHz Single Band Switch Settings

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-7

Shaded switch

ositions are factor

default

12345678

1 x

00000000x

1 Loopback Test Source, DS-3

0 Internal

1 External

2 Error LED Latch, DS-3

0 Enable

1 Disable (Flash)

3DS-3 Line Build Out

0 0-450 feet

1 450-900 feet

For Future Use

Fre

uen

Xmtr Rcvr 678

A1 5750 5800 0 0 0

A2 5800 5750 0 0 1

Table B-2: Lynx DS-3 5.8 GHz Single Band Switch Settings

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 5-8 SECTION 5: APPENDICES

Shaded switch

ositions are factor

default

12345678

SW1 1

000000000

1 2 LBO (DS-1)

0 0 0-125 Ft

1 0 125-250 Ft

0 1 250-400 Ft

1 1 400-655 Ft

3 Line Code (DS-1)

0B8ZS

1AMI

Loss of Input DS-1 Alarm 4 5 Loss of Input DS-3 Alarm

Enable 0 0 Enable

Disable 1 1 Disable

6 Rx AIS Output

0 Enable

1 Disable

Diagnostics Port 7

TBOS 0

Craft 1

Aux Data Port 8

Bridged (TBOS) 0

Enabled (Clear) 1

12345678

SW2 1xx

000000000

1234

Security Code

0000 Code 1

1111 Code 2

Security Code 5678

Code 1 0000

Code 2 1111

Table B-3: Lynx DS-3 5.3/5.8 GHz Dual Band Switch Settings

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-9

Shaded switch

ositions are factor

default

12345678

SW3 1 x

00000000x

1 Loopback Test Source, DS-3

0 Internal

1 External

2 Error LED Latch (DS-3)

0 Enable

1 Disable (Flash)

3DS-3 Line Build Out

0 0-450 feet

1 450-900 feet

For Future Use

Fre

uen

Xmtr Rcvr 678

A1 5284 5759 0 0 0

A2 5759 5284 0 0 1

B1 5316 5791 0

B2 5791 5316 0

Table B-4: Lynx DS-3 5.3/5.8 GHz Dual Band Switch Settings

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

PAGE 5-10 SECTION 5: APPENDICES

Appendix C - Rear Panel Data Connectors

The following figures illustrate the pin structure for all rear panel data connections. All figures are

oriented as a customer would view them, facing the rear panel. DC power connection information

is found in Section 3.7 of the manual.

Figure C-1: DS-1 9-Pin D-Style Connector

Figure C-2: DS-1 Modular Connector (RJ-48C)

Figure C-3: VF Port Connection

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

SECTION 5: APPENDICES PAGE 5-11

Figure C-4: Alarm Port Connections

Figure C-5: Diagnostic and AUX DATA (TBOS) Port Connections

Do NOT use both the RS-232 and RS-422 connections at the same time!

Figure C-6: DS-3 Connections (BNC female)

DS3 IN

DS3 OUT

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

Index

Accessories ................................................................................................................................................2-22

AIS....................................................................................................... 2-7, 2-13, 2-20, 3-32, 3-33, 3-47, 4-13

Alarms.................................................................................................................................................3-38, 4-7

AMI................................................................................................................. 2-7, 2-20, 3-28, 3-40, 4-18, 5-3

Antenna...........................................................................................2-4, 3-3, 3-11, 3-24, 3-38, 4-9, 4-19, 4-20

Antenna alignment .....................................................................................................................................3-22

Antenna connection....................................................................................................................................3-20

B8ZS...............................................................................................2-7, 2-20, 3-28, 3-40, 4-18, 4-24, 5-1, 5-2

Bit Error Rate...........................................2-13, 2-14, 3-8, 3-33, 3-38, 3-40, 3-41, 3-47, 4-9, 4-10, 4-17, 4-24

Calculations ..........................................................................................................................................3-6, 3-8

Caution.........................................................................................................................................................1-2

Coding..........................................................................................................................................................5-1

Configuration.............................................................................................................................................3-57

Connections ......................................................................................2-7, 2-8, 2-15, 2-19, 3-25, 3-38, 5-1, 5-2

Controls......................................................................................................................................................2-14

CSU/DSU...................................................................................................................................................3-33

DIP switch................................................................................................................................. 3-27, 3-34, 5-5

DS-1 connection...........................................2-20, 2-22, 3-25, 3-38, 3-40, 3-47, 4-7, 4-17, 4-18, 5-1, 5-2, 5-4

DS-3 connection.........................................................................................................................................2-18

EIRP...........................................................................................................................................................3-35

Environment.................................................................................................................................................2-9

Error LED..................................................................................................................................................3-42

Fade ......................................................................................................................................................2-6, 3-7

FAN ...........................................................................................................................................................4-14

Frequency.................................................................................................................................... 3-9, 3-13, 4-2

Front panel.................................................................................................................................................2-11

Icons.............................................................................................................................................................1-2

Installation ..................................................................................................................1-1, 3-1, 3-3, 3-22, 3-34

Interference................................................................................................................................................4-19

LBO (Line Build Out)......................................................................................................3-29, 4-9, 4-17, 4-18

Line code ...................................................................................................................................................3-28

Loopback ...............................................................................................2-7, 2-14, 2-21, 3-30, 3-40, 4-9, 4-17

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

Mechanical.................................................................................................................................................2-10

MHS...........................................................................................................................................................3-56

Mounting....................................................................................................................................................3-15

Note .............................................................................................................................................................1-2

Orderwire.............................................................................................2-8, 2-19, 2-21, 3-34, 3-38, 3-43, 3-44

Output power .............................................................................................................................................3-36

Path .......................................................................................................................................................3-3, 3-5

Power............................................................................. 2-3, 2-9, 2-22, 3-3, 3-10, 3-16, 3-17, 3-39, 4-9, 4-20

Power connection..............................................................................................................................3-16, 3-19

Professional installation......................................................................................................................1-1, 2-22

Rear panel.........................................................................................................................................2-16, 5-10

Receive signal level ............................................2-12, 2-14, 3-3, 3-6, 3-22, 3-23, 3-24, 3-37, 3-47, 4-9, 4-21

Receiver .......................................................................................................................................................2-5

Regulatory.............................................................................................................................................iii, 2-10

Repair...........................................................................................................................................................4-5

Repeater configurations ....................................................................................................................3-54, 3-55

RS-232/RS-422.....................................................................................................2-19, 3-48, 3-49, 3-50, 3-53

Spreading Code..........................................................................................................................................3-31

Switches.......................................................................................................................................................4-2

Synchronization .........................................................................................................................................4-12

System..........................................................................................................................................................2-6

TBOS...............................................................................2-19, 2-20, 2-21, 3-43, 3-48, 3-51, 3-52, 3-53, 3-54

Technical Support........................................................................................................................................4-4

Test .....................................................................................................................................................2-8, 2-12

Tips..............................................................................................................................................................1-2

Tools ..........................................................................................................................................................3-12

Transmission line.......................................................................................................................................3-21

Transmitter...................................................................................................................................................2-3

Troubleshooting...........................................................................................................................................4-1

Warranty ......................................................................................................................................................... v

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

LYNX DS-3 (45 Mbps)

LICENSE-FREE (U-NII, LE-LAN) RADIOS

MARCH 2000

For ISO Purposes -

Last Page of this Manual

Proxim Wireless U53-45 UNII Radio User Manual 3 1 Shipping Container

Proxim Wireless Corporation UNII Radio 3 1 Shipping Container

Contents

User manual

Navigation menu

Namespaces

Views

Navigation