RF Technology E2-TRX500D UHF BASE STATION User Manual Eclipse2 Manual V16
RF Technology Pty Ltd UHF BASE STATION Eclipse2 Manual V16
Contents
- 1. Commander User Manual
- 2. User Manual
User Manual
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| Document ID | 1931579 |
| Application ID | YthfGAz+8t4gZfCHZj/jXw== |
| Document Description | User Manual |
| Short Term Confidential | No |
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| Document Type | User Manual |
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| Filesize | 39.4kB (492469 bits) |
| Date Submitted | 2013-04-03 00:00:00 |
| Date Available | 2013-05-25 00:00:00 |
| Creation Date | 2012-08-03 14:19:32 |
| Producing Software | GPL Ghostscript 9.05 |
| Document Lastmod | 2012-12-23 17:47:35 |
| Document Title | Eclipse2 Manual V16 |
| Document Creator | PDFCreator Version 1.3.2 |
| Document Author: | johnd |
Eclipse2 UHF / VHF / 800MHz Base Station Technical Manual 3 August 2012 List of Associated Publications Document Number Description TPR-0308920019 IP Commander User Manual Disclaimer Due to our policy of continuous improvement of our products and services, technical specifications and claims that were correct at time going to print maybe subject to variation without notice. RF Technology has endeavoured to ensure that the information in this document is correct, but does not accept liability due to typographical, omissions or other errors or subsequent modifications of the product. Specifications may vary from those given in this document in accordance with the requirements of local regulatory authorities. Copyright All information contained in this manual is the property of RF Technology Pty Ltd. All rights are reserved. This manual may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, stored, or reduced in any manner without prior written permission. All trade names referenced are the trademarks or registered trademarks of the respective manufacturers. Copyright 2009-2012 RF Technology Pty Ltd. Users are cautioned that changes or modifications not expressly approved by RF Technologies could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: -Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. - Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. -Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. -Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. RF Technology Pty Limited Unit 46 / 7 Sefton Road Thornleigh NSW 2120 Sydney Australia Phone +61 2 9484 1022 Fax +61 2 9484 1288 Web www.rftechnology.com.au Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 2 of 17 Contents CONTENTS ...........................................................................................................3 INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................6 FEATURES ...........................................................................................................6 SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................................6 General ................................................................................................................................................ 6 Receiver ......................................................................................................................................6 Exciter .........................................................................................................................................7 OPERATION ..........................................................................................................8 Front Panel Controls and Indicators ............................................................................................8 Buttons: ............................................................................................................................................8 Indicators: ........................................................................................................................................8 Connectors: ......................................................................................................................................8 Rear Panel Connectors ...............................................................................................................8 System I/O: ......................................................................................................................................8 4 Wire E&M Port...............................................................................................................................9 Ethernet: ........................................................................................................................................ 10 RF input: ........................................................................................................................................ 10 RF output: ...................................................................................................................................... 10 RS232 and external reference clock (optional) ............................................................................... 10 Programming and monitoring .............................................................................................................10 Connecting with Ethernet .......................................................................................................... 11 Connecting with USB ................................................................................................................ 11 Technical Description .........................................................................................................................11 Control Board ............................................................................................................................ 11 Interface (Main) board ............................................................................................................... 12 Audio signal processing.................................................................................................................. 12 I/O and Controls ............................................................................................................................. 12 Clock generator .............................................................................................................................. 13 Voltage regulators .......................................................................................................................... 13 RF modules ............................................................................................................................... 13 TX module ...................................................................................................................................... 14 RX module ..................................................................................................................................... 14 Field alignments .................................................................................................................................15 Specifications .....................................................................................................................................15 Description ................................................................................................................................ 15 Channel Capacity ........................................................................................................................... 15 Sub Audio Signaling ....................................................................................................................... 15 Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 3 of 17 Channel Programming.................................................................................................................... 16 Channel Selection .......................................................................................................................... 16 Physical Configuration .............................................................................................................. 16 Connectors ................................................................................................................................ 16 Antenna Connector ........................................................................................................................ 16 Power & I/O Connector................................................................................................................... 16 Ethernet Connector ........................................................................................................................ 16 E/M Line Connector........................................................................................................................ 16 RS232 & External Reference Connector ........................................................................................ 16 Microphone connector .................................................................................................................... 16 USB ............................................................................................................................................... 16 RF Exposure Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 17 Page 4 of 17 Warnings Although there are no dangerous mains voltages present within the equipment, the following general safety precautions as would normally apply, should be observed during all phases of operation, service and repair of this equipment. AROUND THE EQUIPMENT To minimise any possible shock hazard from an external power supply or lightning strike, the chassis or equipment cabinet must be connected to an electrical ground. Provide adequate ventilation around the rear of the equipment. DO NOT OPERATE IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE Do not operate the equipment in the presence of flammable gases or fumes. Operation of any electrical equipment in such an environment constitutes a definite safety hazard. DO NOT ATTEMPT INTERNAL SERVICE WHILE TRANSMITTING Thermal or RF burns may result from touching certain components within the power amplifier module while transmitting or operating the transmitter. DO NOT SUBSTITUTE PARTS OR MODIFY THE EQUIPMENT Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not install substitute or lower voltage parts to the equipment. Return to your authorised distributor. EXERCISE CAUTION AND CORRECT DISPOSAL OF RF POWER DEVICES Most RF power transistors and some RF power hybrids contain Beryllium Oxide. Although they are normally safe, if physically damaged toxic dust may be released. Consult your local authority for correct disposal thereof. Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 5 of 17 Introduction The Eclipse2 series is a Base Station designed for Conventional Analogue FM and Conventional APCO P25 modes of operation. Internally, it is driven by software, allowing future firmware releases to track the development of radio standards and add new modes. Based on a DSP and RISC platform, the base station has a modular design, which provides extensive flexibility for users. For example, it may act as a standalone transmitter/receiver, crossband repeater, and more. The built-in Ethernet port allows remote monitoring and control of all operating parameters. Under software control, the centre-frequency can be arbitrarily tuned across a band, within the limits of the installed receiver and transmitter submodules. A range of available submodules allows The Eclipse2 system to cover most of the band from 66MHz to 941MHz. A typical base station or repeater system includes a Reciter (Receiver & Exciter); an RF power amplifier; and a switch mode or linear power supply. All the modules can be plugged into an RF Technology standard 19 inch wide, 4U high, rackframe. The Reciter can deliver enough RF output power to be useful as a point-to-point link, meaning an external power amplifier may not be required in some configurations. This allows up to six Reciters to be mounted into a single 19 inch rack. Features Specifications General Channel Spacing Reference Frequency Monitor speaker output: Microphone input: Duty cycle: Power Supply: Current Drain: Operating temperature: 6.25kHz, 12.5kHz, 25kHz internal, or 5MHz, 10MHz, 12.8MHz external 3 watts @ 8 ohm 6 mV RMS @200 ohm 100% +13.8VDC +/-10% (Negative Ground) 2A Max (with T150A installed with 5 Watt TX output power) 750mA Max with TX OFF -30°C to +60°C Receiver Frequency Spread: Frequency Stability: Frequency Step: IF frequency: Sensitivity: Selectivity: Spurious Rejection: Intermodulation: Modulation acceptance: Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 see Table 1. +/-1ppm (-30°C to +60°C) 1Hz 45 MHz 12dB SINAD @ -119dBm (0.25uV) RF Input 80dB for 25kHz Channel spacing 75dB for 12.5kHz Channel spacing 90dB 85dB 7.5kHz for 25kHz Channel spacing 3.75 kHz for 12.5kHz Channel spacing Page 6 of 17 Noise squelch: Carrier squelch: Audio Response: Adjustable from 0 to 26 dB SINAD Adjustable from –120dbm to –60dBm 300Hz to 3000Hz +1/-3dB, Flat or 6dB per Octave de-emphasis < 3% -20dbm to +10dbm @600ohm Audio Distortion: Line output level: Auxiliary Audio Output Frequency Response: 0Hz to 3000Hz DC offset: 4.6 V Peak-peak voltage: 7.8V Table 1: Receiver Module specific specifications Name of Band 150A 350D 500A 500B 500D 500C 800A 800B Frequency Range 136MHz - 174MHz (VHF) 380MHz – 400MHz (UHF) 400MHz – 430MHz (UHF) 440MHz – 470MHz (UHF) 465MHz – 490MHz (UHF) 485MHz – 520MHz (UHF) 800MHz – 870MHz (UHF) 896MHz – 941MHz (UHF) Note: Notwithstanding the capability of the receiver the software will be modified to ensure that the reciever will only function in the band approved by the authority responsible for licencing tne radio. Exciter Frequency Spread: Frequency Stability: Frequency Step: Maximum deviation: Output power: Spurious & harmonics: Hum & Noise: Audio Response: Audio Distortion: Line input level: Auxiliary Audio Input see Table 2. +/-1ppm (-30°C to +60°C) 1Hz 5kHz for 25kHz Channel spacing 2.5kHz for 12.5kHz Channel spacing 0.3 Watt to maximum defined in Table 2. -36dbm -55dB for 25kHz Channel spacing -49dB for 12.5 kHz Channel spacing 300Hz to 3000Hz +1/-3dB, Flat or 6dB per Octave de-emphasis < 3% -20dbm to +10dbm @600ohm Frequency Response: 0Hz to 3000Hz Impedance: 100 kΩ Differential input: Common mode voltage: 0 V to 2.4 V Peak-peak voltage: 1.0 V Single-ended input (AUX IN- floating) DC offset: 1.2 V Peak-peak voltage: 2.0 V Table 2: Exciter Module Specific Specifications Name of Band Frequency Range 150A 350D 500A 500B 500D 500C 800A 800B 136MHz - 174MHz (VHF) 380MHz – 400MHz (UHF) 400MHz – 430MHz (UHF) 440MHz – 470MHz (UHF) 465MHz – 490MHz (UHF) 485MHz – 520MHz (UHF) 800MHz – 870MHz (UHF) 896MHz – 941MHz (UHF) Maximum Output Power (±15%) 5W 3W 3W 3W 3W 3W 1W 1W Note: Notwithstanding the capability of the receiver the software will be modified to ensure that the exciter will only function in the band approved by the authority responsible for licencing tne radio. Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 7 of 17 Operation The Reciter will need approximately 30 seconds to boot up after power up. When the transceiver is ready to operate, a voice report (if enabled) can be heard from the front panel speaker, and the Digital/Analog LED will indicate the current operational mode. Front Panel Controls and Indicators The front-panel includes LED indicators, tactile switch buttons, a microphone connector and an USB (type A) connector, refer figure.1 for details Figure1: Eclipse2 Transceiver Front panel Buttons: Status Test Up Down Left Right Reset – – – – – – – Press this button to listen to the voice report Press this button to key up the exciter (if front panel test key enabled) Press this button to increase the speaker volume Press this button to decrease the speaker volume Press this button to channel change down Press this button to channel change up The reset switch mounted inside base station, used for reset the Reciter without power cycle, use a small pin (e.g. paper clipper) to access this switch Indicators: Power Ethernet Analog Tx Rx Alarm – This LED (on) indicates that DC power supply is applied to the Reciter – This LED (on) indicates that the transceiver is operating in Digital mode – This LED (on) indicates that the transceiver is operating in Analog mode, - if the transceiver is operating in dual mode, both Digital and Analog LED will be on – This LED (on) indicates the transceiver’s transmitting path is active – This LED (on) indicates the transceiver’s receiving path is active – This LED (flash) indicates the transceiver is in alarm state, press the status button to listen the alarm information Connectors: Microphone USB – RJ45 connector for front-panel microphone input – USB (type A) connector for connecting a PC via a standard USB cable to monitor or program the Reciter. Rear Panel Connectors System I/O: The male D shell, 25-pin connector is the main interface to the Reciter Module. The pins of the connection are described in table 1. Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 8 of 17 Pin No. Description 1, 14 Power supply, positive 13,25 15 16 Power supply, negative System serial bus, Data out System serial bus, Clock Exciter PTT input Receiver COS output AUX+ audio input 17 AUX- audio input 18 AUX+ audio output AUX- audio output Line input + 19 Line input - Line output + 20 Line output - 21 GPS 1 pulse/sec input Monitor speaker output 22 10 23 11 24 12 System serial bus, Data in System serial bus, CS0 System serial bus, CS1 T/R relay output External squelch input Spare GPIO input Spare GPIO output Specification Input: +13.8VDC (minimum 10.8V, maximum 16V) Input: Ground Output: +3.3V TTL logic Output: +3.3V TTL logic Input: Low active level ≤ +2.5V) Output: open collector, Imax = 100mA Input: balanced or unbalanced, 100kohm, DC to 3000Hz Input: balanced or reference voltage 100kohm, DC to 3000Hz Output: unbalanced low impedance, DC to 3000Hz Audio signal ground Input: balanced 600ohm, 300 to 3000Hz, -20dbm to +10dbm Input: balanced 600ohm, 300 to 3000Hz, -20dbm to +10dbm Output: balanced 600ohm, 300 to 3000Hz, -20dbm to +10dbm Output: balanced 600ohm, 300 to 3000Hz, -20dbm to +10dbm Input: +3.3V to +15V TTL logic Output: unbalanced 8 ohm 300 to 3000Hz, 3 Watt maximum Input: +3.3V TTL logic Output: +3.3V TTL logic Output: +3.3V TTL logic Output: open collector, Imax = 100mA Input: Low active (Vin ≤ +2.5V) Input: Low active level ≤ +2.5V) Output: open collector, Imax = 100mA Table1: 25 Pin System I/O Connector signals 4 Wire E&M Port This RJ45 connector provides easy connection to the equipment such as microwave links, the signal of the E/M line connector described in table2. Pin No. Description Specification E+ ELine out + Line out - Line in + Line in - M+ M- Input: 10V to 48V Input: 10V to 48V Output: balanced 600ohm, 300 to 3000Hz, -20dbm to +10dbm Output: balanced 600ohm, 300 to 3000Hz, -20dbm to +10dbm Input: balanced 600ohm, 300 to 3000Hz, -20dbm to +10dbm Input: balanced 600ohm, 300 to 3000Hz, -20dbm to +10dbm Output: sink current 150mA Output: sink current 150mA Table2: RJ45 E/M Line Connector signals Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 9 of 17 Ethernet: The RJ45 Ethernet connector is used for networking the base station via IP protocol, a PC can use this connector to monitor and control the base station locally or remotely. The Reciter supports the 10/100Mbs specification (defined by IEEE802.3u) and the MDI/MDI-X auto crossover function which means either a straight though or crossover cable can be used to connect the base station. There are two LEDs embedded in the RJ45 Ethernet connector, the green LED indicates that the Ethernet link is active; the yellow LED indicates TX/RX status between the base station and the network. RF input: The receiver RF input connector: 50ohm female, N type. RF output: The exciter RF output connector: 50ohm female SMA or Optional N type. RS232 and external reference clock (optional) The female D shell, 9-pin connector is an optional interface to the transceiver. RS232 and external reference clock (EXT_REF) signals share this connector. The pins of the connector are described in table 3. Pin No. Description Specification reserved for 1PPS reserved for TxD (RS232) reserved for RxD(RS232) GND GND(EXT_REF) GND(1PPS) NC GND(RS232) External reference clock Input Output: +/-5V to +/-15V TTL logic Input: +/-5V to +/-15V TTL logic Ground Ground Ground No connection on pin 7 Ground Input, sine wave or TTL logic, Minimum input: 1.5Vp-p Table2: RJ45 E/M Line Connector signals Programming and monitoring Programming and monitoring is accomplished using the IP Commander Software. This software is based on the Java platform and can be run under various operation systems on the host computer, it provides a number of useful facilities for the configuration and monitoring of the base station. The IP Commander software allows configuring of the base station (e.g. the channel frequency, output power, signal path, etc.) without hardware alignment, it also provides a simple means of calibrating the RF power, RSSI level, audio line levels. For more details of IP Commander software, please refer the document: RFT Doc No. 0305917801 (IP Commander User Manual). There are two interfaces which can be used for connecting a computer and the Reciter: Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 10 of 17 Connecting with Ethernet Ethernet is the interface of the base station, especially for remote monitoring and controlling via an IP Network. Each base station has a unique IP address, to connect, the host PC must be in the same subnet with the base station. Connecting with USB The front-panel USB connector can be also used for connecting to a computer, IP Commander Software loads a USB driver to recognize the base station. Technical Description The transceiver consists of three sub assemblies: Control Board, Interface board, and RF modules. Control Board The Control Board is a multi-layer, double side component mounted PCB assembly. The most important parts of the base station, such as CPU, DSP and digital IF receiver, are embedded in this master board, two 40-pin connectors on this board allows user inserting/removing it from the interface (main) board. The CPU (U1) is a single chip 32-bit RISC processor, it controls all the operating functions of the base station. The support chips include a 16Mbyte Flash (U9) and 64Mbyte SDRAM (U7, U8). The base station software and configuration databases are stored in the Flash memory. The system serial bus and GPIO of the RISC processor are connected to the system interface board via two 40pin connectors. The 10/100Mbps Ethernet Physical Layer single chip transceiver (U10) provides the interface between RISC processor and the Ethernet. A serial ATA cable is used for connecting between the Master board and System interface board. The DSP (U2) is a 32-bit fixed-point digital signal processor, which provides the base band processing including modulation, demodulation, RSSI/SINAD calculation, CTCSS encoding/decoding and audio processing of the base station. The DSP software is modularized, the modulator, demodulator, pre-emphasis, de-emphasis, filters and gain are individual modules, user can connect or disconnect any module by the Service Kit software for different applications. The DSP also controls the frequencies of the PLL chips within the RF modules. The digitized audio signal interfaced to the CODEC of the system interface board is via the DSP serial port. The digital IF receiver consists of an ADC (analogue to digital converter, U4) and a DDC (digital down converter, U3). The pre-filtered analogue IF signal from the receiver module is fed to ADC, converted to the digital IF and passed to the DDC via the parallel bus, the DDC mixes the incoming digital IF with the internal Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO) frequency signal to produce the 0Hz IF, the DDC also provides decimating and further filtering for the IF signal. The output from the DDC is in complex I/Q format, sent to the DSP for demodulating via the serial bus. Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 11 of 17 The clock of ADC, DDC and DSP is derived from the system interface board. Interface (Main) board The Interface (Main) board provides the interfaces among the Processor (main) board, RF modules and external equipment. The function of the Interface board can be described as following sub sections. Audio signal processing External audio signals from/to the base station are processed in this section. The balanced audio input from RJ45 E/M Line connector or D25 system connector is passed, after line matching transformer (T1) coupling, to a Trans-conductance amplifier (U11), the gain of the amplifier is controlled by the RISC processor. The output of this amplification stage is then amplitude limited, attenuated and filtered before send to the channel 1 of the CODEC (U12). The CODEC encodes the analog audio to digital PCM signal send to the DSP via the serial bus. The Microphone input from front panel RJ45 connector is amplified by op-amplifier (U16), amplitude limited and attenuated then fed to the cannel 2 of the CODEC (U12). The CODEC encodes the analog audio to digital PCM signal send to the DSP via the serial bus. The AUX input signal from D25 system connector is DC coupled, filtered and amplitude limited by the op-amplifier (U16), then fed into a 16-bit ADC (U17) to convert to the digital signal. The digitized signal is send to the DSP via the serial bus. This AUX input is useful for low frequency (down to 0Hz DC) signals, the DC offset of input signal is shifted by the bias circuit which is controlled by the RISC processor to give the maximum dynamic range for the ADC. The CODEC has two identical channels, the output of channel 1 is used for line output. PCM signal from the DSP is decoded to analog audio, and amplified, buffered by op-amplifier U10, coupling through the line matching transformer (T2), and sent to the RJ45 E/M Line connector and the D25 system connector. The channel 2 output of the CODEC is used for monitor speaker, PCM signal from the DSP is decoded to analog audio, amplified by a Trans-conductance amplifier (U11), this amplifier is used as the speaker volume control. The power amplifier (U13) provides additional power gain to drive the internal and external speaker. A 16-bit DAC (U14) converts the digital output from the DSP to analog signal, the signal is filtered and buffered by op-amplifier (U10), then sent to the D25 system connector. The amplifier is DC coupled, the DC offset can be set by the bias circuit which is controlled by the RISC processor. This output is useful for low frequency application such as sub-tone, and NRZ digital signals. I/O and Controls The RISC processor uses serial buses and GPIO to control the base station. A 10-bit 11-channel ADC (U7) senses the following signals and passes the data to the RISC processor via serial bus: Channel 0: Channel 1: Channel 2: Channel 3: Channel 4: Channel 5: Channel 6: Other channels exciter PLL tuning voltage exciter forward power of the power amplifier exciter reverse power of the power amplifier receiver PLL tuning voltage Interface board temperature Input power supply voltage receiver power supply voltage are reserved for future use. A 10-bit 8-channel DAC (U6) converts data from the RISC processor serial bus to analog voltage for following functions: Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 12 of 17 Channel Channel Channel Channel Channel Channel Channel Channel Channel 0: 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: 8: monitor speaker volume control 600 ohm audio Line input gain control exciter reverse power of the power amplifier AUX audio input bias setting AUX audio output bias setting receiver IF amplifier gain control (not used in release1 RX module) exciter RF output power control exciter VCO bias setting receiver VCO bias setting The op-amplifiers (U4, U28) are used for converting DAC output to proper voltage which is required by the system hardware. The Interface board accepts both TTL PTT input and E/M signaling, the TTL PTT is buffered by Q4 and Q5, E/M signal is isolated by Opto-coupler U3 to system I/O level. The output of the RISC I/O logic is buffered by U1,Q1-Q3 for interfacing the external logic. The solid-state relay Opto-coupler is used to isolate the system I/O from E/M signal. A dual retriggerable monostable multivibrator (U5) in the circuit is functioned as a IRQ generator, it senses the changes of the Input logic and sends a narrow pulse to the RISC processor for trigging the processing IRQ. U31 is a USB to RS232 bridge which transfers the USB data between the front panel connector and the system serial bus. U9 is an transceiver which converts RS232 +/-15 logic from the rear panel to serial bus level. U30 is a bus switch to select one of above passing through to the RSIC processor. Header (H4) is used only for emergency system booting purpose, do not assert jumper into this header. Clock generator the 12.8MHz TCXO (X1) output is buffered (by U26) and divided by 4 (U29) to provides PLL reference frequency for exciter and receiver. The frequency doubler double 12.8MHz frequency to 25.6MHz to provide system clock for digital IF receiver. Voltage regulators There are nine voltage sources generated by the voltage regulator VTX VRX D3V3 A3V +12V +5V +1V8 -20V -12V – – – – – – – – – +12.5V DC for TX module +12.0V DC for RX module +3.3V DC for Processor (Master) board and 3V TTL logic +3.15V DC for analog 3V rail +12.0VDC for analog circuits +5V DC for TCXO and 5V TTL logic +1.8V DC for Flash core supply on the Processor (Master) board -20.0V DC for TX and RX VCO bias setting -12.0VDC for analog circuits The input power supply voltage is 13.8VDC, LDO (U19, U22) provides 12.5V (Imax = 1.5A) and 12V DC (Imax = 800mA) for TX and RX module. Switch mode DC-DC converter (U20) generates digital 3.3V DC rail (Imax=2A) for the Processor board and Interface board, then regulated to 3.15V analog DC rail by LDO (U21) for 3V analog circuits in the transceiver. The DC-DC converter (U23) provides –20V negative supply voltage for VCO bias amplifier (U4). Voltage regulator (U24) generates –12V DC supply analog circuits of the interface board. RF modules Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 13 of 17 TX module The TX module can be divided into the VCO, PLL, PA and the Data storage section. The Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) The Voltage Controlled Oscillator uses a junction FET (Q2) which oscillates at the required transmitter output frequency. Varactor diodes (D2, D9, D10, and D11) are used by the PLL and bias control circuits to keep the oscillator on the desired frequency. Transistor Q1 is used as an active filter to reduce the noise on the oscillator supply voltage. The VCO is keyed ON by the RISC processor through Q3, It is keyed ON when any of the PTT inputs are active or self-calibrations, but OFF at all other times. The VCO output is amplified by monolythic amplifier U4 before being fed to the PLL chip (U10). The Phase Locked Loop (PLL) The frequency reference for the PLL is from the Interface board via a 20pin connector. A fractional-N PLL synthesiser (U10) is used in the TX module, this fractional-N synthesiser provides very fine frequency resolution which enables the PLL used as a FM modulator by modulating the PLL data. The modulation data is provided by DSP via the serial bus. The phase detector output (charge pump) signal of U10 is smoothed and filtered by the loop filter to form the tuning voltage for the VCO circuit. The Power Amplifier (PA) Amplifiers (U1, U2) increase the VCO output to a sufficient level to drive the power amplifier (U3). The output power level of the PA is controlled by RISC processor via bias pin of U3. The directional coupler (D3, D4) detects the forward and reverse power components, the detected voltages are then amplified by U7 and U8 to provide proportional dc levels to the RISC processor. The output from U3 is further filtered by the low pass filter to reduce higher order harmonics. U1, U2 and U3 are not switched on until the PLL has locked and had time to settle. This prevents any momentary off channel transmission when the transmitter is keyed. The Data Storage Each TX module has an EEPROM for storing the individual module information such as, TX module serial number, model name, frequency range, calibration data etc. This is allows user to simply replace the TX module in the transceiver without redo the alignment and calibration. The data is transferred between EEPROM and RISC processor via the serial bus. RX module The RX module can be divided into the Font-end Amplifier, LO, PLL, IF amplifier and the Data storage section. The Front-end Amplifier A two-pole voltage tuned filter (D6, D7, L18-20, L23 and L24) is used to limit the RF bandwidth prior to the RF amplifier transistor Q1. The tuning voltage is supplied by the RISC processor through the bias control. The circuit values are chosen so that the centre frequency tracks the VCO bias voltage. RF amplifier transistor Q5 is followed by a second two-pole voltage tuned filter (D4, D5, L7, L11, L14, L21 and L22) which provides additional image and spurious frequency rejection. The filter output is connected to the RF input port of the mixer MX1 via a 1.8dB pad. The Mixer MX1 is a level 13 double balanced diode ring mixer with excellent Intermodulation performance. It has a conversion loss of approximately 6 dB. The gain between the receiver input and the mixer input is approximately 10 dB so that the total gain between the antenna input and the IF input 3- Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 14 of 17 4dB. The network (C28, C74, L29, L15, L16 and R20) passes the IF frequency of 45 MHz and terminates the RF and LO components. The Local Oscillator (LO) The LO is a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (Q2) which oscillates at the required transmitter output frequency. Varactor diodes (D2, D9 - D11) are used by the PLL and bias control circuits to keep the oscillator on the desired frequency. Transistor Q1 is used as an active filter to reduce the noise on the oscillator supply voltage. Monolithic amplifiers U1, U2 and transistor Q6 amplify the VCO output to approximately +16dBm then feed to the mixer via a 3dB pad. The Phase Locked Loop (PLL) The frequency reference for the PLL is from the Interface board via a 20pin connector. A fractional-N PLL synthesiser (U10) is used in the RX module, PLL frequency PLL is set by DSP via the serial bus. The phase detector output (charge pump) signal of U10 is smoothed and filtered by the loop filter to form the tuning voltage for the VCO circuit. The IF Amplifier The first IF amplifier uses two parallel connected JFET transistors Q3 and Q4 to obtain 8-10 dB gain. The two transistors provide improved dynamic range and input matching over a single transistor. A 4-pole 45 MHz crystal filter (FIL1, FIL2) is used between the first and second IF amplifiers. The second IF amplifier (U3, U5) provides additional 35dB gain to drive the digital IF. A two pole crystal filter (FIL3) is used as an anti-alias filter of the digital IF. The Data Storage Each RX module has an EEPROM for storing the individual module information such as, TX module serial number, model name, frequency range, calibration data etc. This is allows user to simply replace the RX module in the transceiver without redo the alignment and calibration. The data is transferred between EEPROM and RISC processor via the serial bus. Field alignments As the TX and RX module is pre-tuned for the whole operational frequency range and level adjustment of signal path is done by software (local or remotely), there is no field alignment required for optimizing the performance. Specifications Description The transceiver is a digitized, software upgradable radio, The exciter and the receiver can be configured as base station, repeater or the stand-alone unit. For base station use, the exciter normally drives a high power external RF amplifier. It can also be used alone in lower power applications. The output power can be preset between 0.3 and its maximum. All necessary control and 600 ohm line interface circuitry is included. Channel Capacity Although most applications are single channel, it can be programmed for up to 256 channels (from CH0 to CH255). Each channel can have it’s own name, TX/RX frequencies and profiles. Sub Audio Signaling Full EIA CTCSS capability as well as nonstandard sub tones are built into the modules. The CTCSS tone can be programmed for each channel in their profiles. This means each channel can represent a unique TX/RX and tone frequency combination. Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 15 of 17 Channel Programming The channel information is stored in Flash memory and can be programmed via the Ethernet, USB or RS232 interface using a Host PC and RF Technology’s Service Kit software. Channel Selection Channel can be select by Service Kit or front panel buttons (if enabled). Physical Configuration The transceiver is designed to fit in a 19-inch rack mounted frame. The installed height is 4 RU (178 mm) and the depth 350 mm. The transceiver is 63.5 mm. The weight of the transceiver is approximately 1.6kg Connectors Antenna Connector Receiver: Exciter: Type N 50ohm Female Mounted on the module rear panel SMA or Optional N Type 50ohm Female Mounted on the module rear panel. Power & I/O Connector 25-pin “D” Male Mounted on the rear panel Ethernet Connector LED Embedded RJ45 Mounted on the rear panel E/M Line Connector RJ45 Mounted on the rear panel RS232 & External Reference Connector 9-pin “D” Female mounted on the front panel Microphone connector RJ45 Mounted on the front panel USB Type A female Mounted on the front panel. Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 16 of 17 RF Exposure. This transmitter exciter constitutes a RF transmitting system that both the FCC and Industry Canada has established RF exposure requirements for. In order to comply with the RF exposure requirements of both countries the transmitting antenna must maintain a specific physical separation from all persons. The antennas for this device usually are mounted on outdoor permanent structures and the installer must see that the separation distance be maintained. The RF exposure report was written for one typical power output and antenna gain. If your situation is different than the one described your minimum separation distance will be different. RF exposure takes into account many different contributing factors some of which are: power output, system losses, coax cable losses, and antenna gain. For a typical installation of a 3 dBi antenna and 3 W UHF band (470-495 MHz) transmitter. Operated in a radio system were the average ratio of transmit to receive time is near 100% transmitting the separation distance would be 0.33 meters or approximately 1.5 feet. This separation distance also does not take into account any other transmitters that might be considered co-located at the same site. An RF exposure report was prepared for this transmitter and in it are the typical calculations on which the above is based. Eclipse2 Technical Manual, 3-Aug-12 Page 17 of 17
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