Raytek Mi Miniature Infrared Sensor Users Manual MI_MA_54301_ENG_RevF

MI Miniature Infrared Sensor to the manual b099b4de-05d2-4ce1-9d78-6674b5006fc2

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MI

Miniature Infrared Sensor

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Operating Instructions

Rev. F 04/2006

54301

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DeclarationofConformityfortheEuropeanCommunit

y

Thisinstrumentconformsto:

EMC:IEC/EN61326‐1

Safety:EN61010‐1:1993/A2:1995

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Contacts

Europe

RaytekGmbH

13127Berlin,Germany

BlankenburgerStr.135

Tel:+4930478008–0

+4930478008–400

Fax:+49304710251

raytek@raytek.de

USA

RaytekCorporation

CA95061–1820,SantaCruz

1201ShafferRd.POBox1820

Tel:+1831458–1110or

+1800227–8074

Fax:+1831458–1239

automation@raytek.com

UnitedKingdom

Tel:+441908630800

Fax:+441908630900

ukinfo@raytek.com

France

Tel:0800888244

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info@raytek.fr

RaytekChinaCompany

Beijing,China

Tel:+861064392255

Fax:+861064370285

info@raytek.com.cn

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Internet:http://www.raytek.com/

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©RaytekCorporation.

Raytek,theRaytekLogo,andDataTempareregisteredtrademarksofRaytekCorporation.

Allrightsreserved.Specificationssubjecttochangewithoutnotice.

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WARRANTY

Themanufacturerwarrantsthisinstrumenttobefreefromdefectsin

materialandworkmanshipundernormaluseandserviceforthe

periodoftwoyearsfromdateofpurchase.Thiswarrantyextends

onlytotheoriginalpurchaser.Thiswarrantyshallnotapplytofuses,

batteries,oranyproductthathasbeensubjecttomisuse,neglect,

accident,orabnormalconditionsofoperation.

Intheeventoffailureofaproductcoveredbythiswarranty,the

manufacturerwillrepairtheinstrumentwhenitisreturnedbythe

purchaser,freightprepaid,toanauthorizedServiceFacilitywithin

theapplicablewarrantyperiod,providedmanufacturer’s

examinationdisclosestoitssatisfactionthattheproductwas

defective.Themanufacturermay,atitsoption,replacetheproductin

lieuofrepair.Withregardtoanycoveredproductreturnedwithin

theapplicablewarrantyperiod,repairsorreplacementwillbemade

withoutchargeandwithreturnfreightpaidbythemanufacturer,

unlessthefailurewascausedbymisuse,neglect,accident,or

abnormalconditionsofoperationorstorage,inwhichcaserepairs

willbebilledatareasonablecost.Insuchacase,anestimatewillbe

submittedbeforeworkisstarted,ifrequested.

THEFOREGOINGWARRANTYISINLIEUOFALLOTHER

WARRANTIES,EXPRESSEDORIMPLIED,INCLUDINGBUT

NOTLIMITEDTOANYIMPLIEDWARRANTYOF

MERCHANTABILITY,FITNESS,ORADEQUACYFORANY

PARTICULARPURPOSEORUSE.THEMANUFACTURER

SHALLNOTBELIABLEFORANYSPECIAL,INCIDENTALOR

CONSEQUENTIALDAMAGES,WHETHERINCONTRACT,

TORT,OROTHERWISE.

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TABLEOFCONTENTS

1SAFETYINSTRUCTIONS............................................1

2DESCRIPTION ...............................................................3

3TECHNICALDATA ......................................................4

3.1MEASUREMENTSPECIFICATIONS ...............................4

3.2OPTICALSPECIFICATIONS ..........................................6

3.3ELECTRICALSPECIFICATIONS ....................................7

3.4ENVIRONMENTALSPECIFICATIONS ...........................8

3.5DIMENSIONS...............................................................9

3.6SCOPEOFDELIVERY .................................................10

4BASICS...........................................................................11

4.1MEASUREMENTOFINFRAREDTEMPERATURE.........11

4.2EMISSIVITYOFTARGETOBJECT................................12

4.3AMBIENTTEMPERATURE .........................................12

4.4ATMOSPHERICQUALITY ..........................................12

4.5ELECTRICALINTERFERENCE ....................................13

5INSTALLATION ..........................................................14

5.1POSITIONING ............................................................14

5.1.1DistancetoObject.............................................14

5.2WIRING.....................................................................15

5.2.1SensorHeadCable ............................................15

5.2.2CablePreparations ............................................16

5.3OUTPUTS...................................................................18

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5.3.1SignalOutput................................................... 19

5.3.2HeadAmbientTemp./AlarmOutput ............. 20

5.3.3ThermocoupleOutput....................................... 22

5.4INPUTSFTC.............................................................. 23

5.4.1EmissivitySetting(analogcontrolled) ............. 24

5.4.2EmissivitySetting(digitalcontrolled) ............. 25

5.4.3AmbientBackgroundTemperature

Compensation ............................................................ 26

5.4.4TriggerandHoldFunction............................... 28

5.5CONNECTINGTOTHEPCVIARS232 ...................... 30

5.6INSTALLINGOFMULTIPLESENSORSVIARS485...... 31

6OPERATION................................................................. 34

6.1CONTROLPANEL ..................................................... 34

6.2SETTINGOFMODES.................................................. 35

6.3SETTINGTHEOUTPUTJUMPER ................................ 35

6.4POSTPROCESSING .................................................... 38

6.4.1Averaging ......................................................... 38

6.4.2PeakHold.......................................................... 40

6.4.3ValleyHold ....................................................... 41

6.4.4AdvancedPeakHold......................................... 42

6.4.5AdvancedValleyHold ...................................... 43

6.4.6AdvancedPeakHoldwithAveraging............... 43

6.4.7AdvancedValleyHoldwithAveraging............ 43

6.5FACTORYDEFAULTS ................................................ 44

7OPTIONS....................................................................... 45

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8ACCESSORIES .............................................................46

8.1OVERVIEW ................................................................46

8.2ADJUSTABLEMOUNTINGBRACKET.........................48

8.3FIXEDMOUNTINGBRACKET ....................................49

8.4AIRPURGINGJACKET...............................................50

8.5AIRCOOLINGSYSTEM..............................................52

8.6RIGHTANGLEMIRROR ............................................57

8.7BOXLID ....................................................................58

8.8PROTECTIVEWINDOW .............................................59

9MAINTENANCE..........................................................60

9.1TROUBLESHOOTINGMINORPROBLEMS ..................60

9.2FAIL‐SAFEOPERATION ............................................61

9.3SENSINGHEADEXCHANGE .....................................63

10SOFTWARE .................................................................65

11PROGRAMMINGGUIDE .......................................66

11.1TRANSFERMODES ..................................................67

11.2GENERALCOMMANDSTRUCTURE ........................68

11.3DEVICEINFORMATION...........................................69

11.4DEVICESETUP ........................................................70

11.4.1TemperatureCalculation ................................70

11.4.2EmissivitySettingandAlarmSetpoints .......70

11.4.3PostProcessing ...............................................72

11.5DYNAMICDATA.....................................................72

11.6DEVICECONTROL ..................................................73

11.6.1OutputfortheTargetTemperature................73

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11.6.2AnalogOutput,Scaling ................................. 73

11.6.3AlarmOutput................................................. 73

11.6.4Factorydefaultvalues..................................... 73

11.6.5LockMode....................................................... 74

11.6.6ModeSettingfortheDigitalInputFTC3....... 74

11.6.7ChangingtheSensingHeadCalibrationData74

11.6.8AmbientBackgroundTemperature

Compensation ............................................................ 74

11.7MULTIPLEUNITS(MULTIDROPMODE,RS485) .... 76

11.8COMMANDSET ...................................................... 77

12APPENDIX................................................................... 81

12.1DETERMINATIONOFEMISSIVITY ........................... 81

12.2TYPICALEMISSIVITYVALUES ................................ 83

INDEX ............................................................................... 87

SafetyInstructions

MI1

1SafetyInstructions

Thisdocumentcontainsimportantinformation,whichshouldbe

keptatalltimeswiththeinstrumentduringitsoperationallife.Other

usersofthisinstrumentshouldbegiventheseinstructionswiththe

instrument.Eventualupdatestothisinformationmustbeaddedto

theoriginaldocument.Theinstrumentshouldonlybeoperatedby

trainedpersonnelinaccordancewiththeseinstructionsandlocal

safetyregulations.

AcceptableOperation

Thisinstrumentisintendedonlyforthemeasurementof

temperature.Theinstrumentisappropriateforcontinuoususe.The

instrumentoperatesreliablyindemandingconditions,suchasin

highenvironmentaltemperatures,aslongasthedocumented

technicalspecificationsforallinstrumentcomponentsareadheredto.

Compliancewiththeoperatinginstructionsisnecessarytoensurethe

expectedresults.

UnacceptableOperation

Theinstrumentshouldnotbeusedformedicaldiagnosis.

ReplacementPartsandAccessories

Useonlyoriginalpartsandaccessoriesapprovedbythe

manufacturer.Theuseofotherproductscancompromisethe

operationalsafetyandfunctionalityoftheinstrument.

InstrumentDisposal

Disposalofoldinstrumentsshouldbehandledaccordingto

professionalandenvironmentalregulationsaselectronicwaste.

SafetyInstructions

2MI

OperatingInstructions

Thefollowingsymbolsareusedtohighlightessentialsafety

informationintheoperationinstructions:

Helpfulinformationregardingtheoptimaluseofthe

instrument.

Warningsconcerningoperationtoavoidinstrument

damage.

Warningsconcerningoperationtoavoidpersonalinjury.

Payparticularattentiontothefollowingsafetyinstructions.

Usein110/230VACelectricalsystemscanresultin

electricalhazardsandpersonalinjuryifnotproperly

protected.Allinstrumentpartssuppliedbyelectricitymust

becoveredtopreventphysicalcontactandotherhazardsat

alltimes.

Description

MI3

2Description

TheminiatureinfraredsensorsMIarenoncontactinfrared

temperaturemeasurementsystems.Theyaccuratelyandrepeatably

measuretheamountofenergyemittedfromanobjectandconvert

thatenergyintoatemperaturesignal.

Thefollowingoutputsareavailable:

• J‐Thermocouple

• K‐Thermocouple

• 0‐5Volt

• 0‐20mAor4‐20mA

• 10mV/°Cheadambienttemperaturesignal

• RS232interface

• optional:RS485interface

ThesensingheadisprotectedbyaruggedIEC529(IP65,NEMA‐4)

stainlesssteelhousing,andisconnectedtotheelectronicboxwitha

1m(3ft)cable.Longercablesmustbeorderedasanoption.The

electronicboxisseparatedfromthesensinghead.Thisallowsthe

sensingheadtobeusedinhotenvironmentsupto180°C(356°F)

withoutcooling.Theelectronicboxcanonlybeusedinambient

temperaturesupto65°C(150°F).

MIwillallowsensingheadstobeinterchangedbyprogrammingin

theuniquecalibrationdataassociatedwithdifferentheads.Take

specialcareforthesensingheadcalibrationdataprintedonthecable!

TechnicalData

4MI

3TechnicalData

3.1MeasurementSpecifications

TemperatureRange

LT‐40to600°C(‐40to1112°F)

forJ‐Thermocouple:‐25to600°C(‐13to1112°F)

SpectralResponse

LT8to14μm

ResponseTime

Allmodels150ms(95%response)

Accuracy

LT±1%or±1°C(±2°F)whicheverisgreater

LT±2°C(±4°F)fortargettemp.<20°C(68°F)

TCoutputs±1%or±2.5°C(±5°F)whicheverisgreater

Atambienttemperature23°C±5°C(73°F±9°F)

Repeatability

Allmodels±0.5%or±0.5°C(±1°F)whicheverisgreater

TechnicalData

MI5

TemperatureResolution

LT±0.1K(±0.2°F)*

±0.25K(±0.5°F)**

*Forazoomedtemperaturespanof300°C(600°F)

**Forthefulltemperaturerangeoftheunit

TemperatureCoefficient

MIC±0.05KperKor±0,05%/Kwhicheveris

greater,atambient:23to125°C(73to185°F)

MIH±0.05KperKor±0,05%/Kwhicheveris

greater,atambient:23to180°C(73to356°F)

MIC,MIH±0.1KperKor±0.1%perKwhicheveris

greater,atambient:0to23°C(32to73°F)

MID±0.15KperKor±0.15%perKwhicheveris

greater,atambient:0to85°C(32to185°F)

Box±0.1KperKor±0.1%perKwhicheveris

greater

ThermalShock(within20min.)

LT±3.5KatΔTambient=25K(45°F)

attargettemperatureof50°C(45°F)

Emissivity

Allmodels0.100to1.100

Transmission

Allmodels0.100to1.000

TechnicalData

6MI

3.2OpticalSpecifications

OpticalResolutionD:S

MID,MIC;MIH22:1(typ.),21:1(guaranteed)

MID,MIC;MIH10:1

MID,MIC2:1

At90%energyinminimumanddistance400mm(15.7in.)



Figure1:SpotSizeChart

TechnicalData

MI7

3.3ElectricalSpecifications

PowerSupply

Voltage12to26VDC

Current100mA

Outputs

1.Output(OUT)0to20mA,or

4to20mA,or

0to5V,or

Thermocouple(JorK)

2.Output(AMB)0to5Voutputforheadambienttemperature

(0to500°C,32to932°F)oroutputforalarm

relay(softwareenabled,onlyinconjunction

withRS232/485)

mAOutputrecommendedloopimpedanceseeFigure9on

page19.

0to5VOutputsmin.loadimpedance100kΩ(alowerload

impedancedeterioratestheaccuracy)

outputimpedance100Ω

shortcircuitresistant

Thermocoupleoutputimpedance20Ω

shortcircuitresistant

TechnicalData

8MI

3.4EnvironmentalSpecifications

AmbientTemperature

MIHsensinghead0to180°C(32to356°F)

MICsensinghead0to125°C(32to257°F)

MIDsensinghead0to85°C(32to185°F)

MIDwithaircooling‐18to200°C(0to392°F)

Electronicsbox0to65°C(32to150°F)

StorageTemperature‐10to85°C(14to185°F)

Rating(Head)IP65(NEMA‐4),notformodelswithan

opticalresolutionof2:1

Rating(Box)IP65(NEMA‐4)

RelativeHumidity10%to95%non‐condensing

EMCIEC61326‐1

max.cablelength3m(118in.)

Vibration(Head)IEC60068‐2‐6:2G,10to150Hz,3axes

Shock(Head)IEC60068‐2‐27:50G,11ms,3axes

Weight(Head)50g(2oz.)with1mcable,stainlesssteel

Weight(Box)270g(10oz.),die‐castzinc

HeadCableMaterial

MID/MICPUR(Polyurethane),Halogenfree,

Siliconefree

MIHTeflon®

Teflondevelopspoisonousgasseswhenitcomesinto

contactwithflames!

TechnicalData

MI9

3.5Dimensions



Figure2:DimensionsofSensingHead



Standard cable length

1 m (3 ft.)

MID/MIC: Ø 5 mm (0.2 in)

MIH: Ø 3 mm (0.12 in)

2 mounting holes,

Ø 4.5 mm

(

0.17 in

)

TechnicalData

10MI



Figure3:DimensionsofElectronicBox

3.6ScopeofDelivery

Thescopeofdeliveryincludesthefollowing:

• Sensinghead

• 1mheadcable

• Mountingnut

• Electronicbox

• Operatinginstructions

Basics

MI11

4Basics

4.1MeasurementofInfraredTemperature

AllsurfacesemitinfraredradiationTheintensityofthisinfrared

radiationchangesaccordingtothetemperatureoftheobject.

Dependingonthematerialandsurfaceproperties,theemitted

radiationliesinawavelengthspectrumofapproximately1to20μm.

Theintensityoftheinfraredradiation(”heatradiation”)isdependent

onthematerial.Formanysubstancesthismaterial‐dependent

constantisknown.Thisconstantisreferredtoasthe”emissivity

value”.

Infraredthermometersareoptical‐electronicsensors.Thesesensors

aresensitivetotheemittedradiation.Infraredthermometersare

madeupofalens,aspectralfilter,asensor,andanelectronicsignal

processingunit.Thetaskofthespectralfilteristoselectthe

wavelengthspectrumofinterest.Thesensorconvertstheinfrared

radiationintoanelectricalsignal.Thesignalprocessingelectronics

analyzetheelectricalsignalsandconvertitintoatemperature

measurement.Astheintensityoftheemittedinfraredradiationis

dependentonthematerial,therequiredemissivitycanbeselectedon

thesensor.

Thebiggestadvantageoftheinfraredthermometerisitsabilityto

measuretemperaturewithouttouchinganobject.Consequently,

surfacetemperaturesofmovingorhardtoreachobjectscaneasilybe

measured.

Basics

12MI

4.2EmissivityofTargetObject

Todeterminetheemissivityofthetargetobjectrefertosection12.1

DeterminationofEmissivityonpage81.Ifemissivityislow,

measuredresultscouldbefalsifiedbyinterferinginfraredradiation

frombackgroundobjects(suchasheatingsystems,flames,fireclay

bricks,etc.closebesideorbehindthetargetobject).Thistypeof

problemcanoccurwhenmeasuringreflectivesurfacesandverythin

materialssuchasplasticfilmsandglass.

Thismeasurementerrorcanbereducedtoaminimumifparticular

careistakenduringinstallation,andthesensingheadisshielded

fromthesereflectingradiationsources.

4.3AmbientTemperature

Thesensingheadwasdevelopedforthefollowingambient

temperatureranges:

• MIH:0to180°C(32to356°F)

• MIC:0to125°C(32to257°F)

• MID:0to85°C(32to185°F)

TheMIDcanoperateinambienttemperaturesupto200°C(392°F)

withtheair‐coolingaccessory.

4.4AtmosphericQuality

Ifthelensgetsdirty,infraredenergywillbeblockedandthe

instrumentwillnotmeasureaccurately.Itisgoodpracticetoalways

keepthelensclean.TheAirPurgeJackethelpskeepcontaminants

frombuildinguponthelens.Ifyouuseairpurging,makesurea

filteredairsupplywithcleandryairatthecorrectairpressureis

installedbeforeproceedingwiththesensorinstallation.

Basics

MI13

4.5ElectricalInterference

Tominimizeelectricalorelectromagneticinterferenceor“noise”be

awareofthefollowing:

• Mounttheunitasfarawayaspossiblefrompotentialsources

ofelectricalinterferencesuchasmotorizedequipment

producinglargesteploadchanges.

• Useshieldedwireforallinputandoutputconnections.

• Makesuretheshieldwiresareearthgroundedatonepoint.

• Sensorheadshieldbraidshouldmakedirectcontactaround

thecablecircumference.

Installation

14MI

5Installation

5.1Positioning

Sensorlocationdependsontheapplication.Beforedecidingona

location,youneedtobeawareoftheambienttemperatureofthe

location,theatmosphericqualityofthelocation,andthepossible

electromagneticinterferenceinthatlocation,accordingtothesections

describedabove.Ifyouplantouseairpurging,youneedtohavean

airconnectionavailable.Wiringandconduitrunsmustbe

considered,includingcomputerwiringandconnections,ifused.

5.1.1DistancetoObject

Thedesiredspotsizeonthetargetwilldeterminethemaximum

measurementdistance.Toavoiderroneousreadingsthetargetspot

sizemustcompletelyfilltheentirefieldofviewofthesensor.

Consequently,thesensormustbepositionedsothefieldofviewis

thesameasorsmallerthanthedesiredtargetsize.Foralist

indicatingtheavailableoptics,seesection3.2OpticalSpecifications

onpage6.

Theactualspotsizeforanydistancecanbecalculatedbyusingthe

followingformula.DividethedistanceDbyyourmodel’sD:S

number.Forexample,foraunitwithD:S=10:1,ifthesensoris

400mm(15.7in.)fromthetarget,divide400by10(15.7by10),which

givesyouatargetspotsizeofapproximately40mm(1.57in.).

Installation

MI15



Figure4:ProperSensorPlacement

5.2Wiring

5.2.1SensorHeadCable

Themanufacturerpreinstall’sthesensorheadcablebetweensensor

headandelectronicbox.Itmaybeshortenedbutnotlengthened.

Shorteningthecablelengthby1m(3ft.)causesa

temperatureerrorof–0.1K/m!

Donotbendthesensorheadcabletighterthan25mm/1in.

(MID/MIC)and15mm/0.6in.(MIH)respectively!

Target greater than spot size

Target equal to spot size

Target smaller than spot size

best good incorrect

Sensor

Installation

16MI

5.2.2CableforPowerSupplyandOutputs

Youneedtoconnectthepowersupply(12to26VDC)andthesignal

outputwires.Useonlycablewithoutsidediameterfrom4to6mm

(0.16to0.24in),AWG24.

Thecablemustincludeshieldedwires.Itshouldnotbe

usedasastrainrelief!

1.Cutabout40mm(1.5in)ofthecablesheath(7)fromtheend

ofthecable.Caution:Donotcutintotheshield!

2.Cuttheshield(5)soabout5mm(0.2in)remainsexposed

fromunderthecablesheath(7).Separatetheshieldand

spreadthestrandsout.Shortentheinsideinsulationuntil

youcanseparatethewires(6).

3.Strip3mm(0.15in)ofinsulationfromthewires(6).



Figure5:CablePreparation

4.OpentheelectronicboxbyremovingthefourPhillipshead

screwsandpullingoffthelid.Unscrewthecap(1),and

removetheplasticcompressionfitting(2),therubberwasher

(3),whichisinsidethefitting,andthetwometalwashers(4).

Installation

MI17



Figure6:ConnectingofCablestotheElectronicBox

5.Putthefollowingonthecable(asshowninthefigureabove):

thecap(1),theplasticcompressionfitting(2),therubber

washer(3)andoneofthemetalwashers(4).

6.Spreadthecableshield(5)andthenslipthesecondmetal

washer(4)onthecable.Notethattheshieldmustmakegood

contacttobothmetalwashers.

7.Slipthewires(6)intotheelectronicboxfarenoughto

connecttothepowerandoutputterminals.

8.Screwthecap(1)intotheelectronicsbox.Tightensnuggly.

Donotovertighten.

9.Connectthewires(6)tothepowerandoutputterminalson

theprintedcircuitboard.

Cable that has to be

installed b

y

the user

Output signal and

p

ower connector bloc

k

Preinstalled cable

to sensor head

Installation

18MI

5.3Outputs



Figure7:SignalOutputsandPowerSupply

Electronic Box

Signal Output

Head Ambient Temp.

or Alarm

Power

0 to 5 V

J or K

0 to 5 V

4 to 20 m

A

0 to 20 m

A

12 to 26 VDC

Installation

MI19

5.3.1SignalOutput

Figure8:WiringoftheSignalOutput(mAorV)

Thesignaloutputcanbeconfiguredeitherascurrentorasvoltage

output.

Theminimumloadimpedanceforthe0to5Voutputmustbe

100kΩ.

Themaximumcurrentloopimpedanceforthe0/4to20mAoutput

canbe500Ω,andthepowersupplyandloopimpedancemustbe

matchedasshownbelow.



Figure9:Max.LoopImpedancedependingonPowerSupply

Power + Power – Signal

Ground

Signal

Out

p

ut

Max. Loop Impedance [Ω]

Power

Supply

[V]

Max. Loop Impedance

Installation

20MI

5.3.2HeadAmbientTemp./AlarmOutput

Thisoutputcanbeconfiguredeitherasoutputfortheheadambient

temperature(defaultconfiguration)orasanalarmoutput.

Figure10:WiringtheOutputforHeadAmbientTemperature

Theoutputrangefortheheadambienttemperatureis0to500°C

(32to932°F)with10mV/°C.

Incaseofanalarmtheoutputswitchesbetween0Vand5V.The

alarmoutputiscontrolledbythetargettemperatureorthesensing

headtemperature.

Figure11:WiringoftheAlarmOutput

Power -

Power +

Power + Power – Head Ambient Temp. Ground

Installation

MI21

Youmayuseasolidstaterelayforthealarmoutput.Theoutputis

shortcircuitresistantwith100Ωoutputimpedance.

ThealarmoutputisonlyenabledthroughtheDataTempMultiDrop

software,seethesoftwarehelpforsetupinstructions.

Installation

22MI

5.3.3ThermocoupleOutput

IfyouareusingaJ‐ orK‐ thermocoupleyoumustinstalla

compensationcable.Thecableisavailableasanaccessory

(XXXCI1CB25forTypeJ,XXXCI2CB25forTypeK)withacable

lengthof7.5m(24.6ft.)

Connectthewiresaccordingtothefollowingtable:

J-Thermocouple Power Supply

+

white

–

red-white

+

red-yellow

–

yellow

Table1:WiringtheThermocoupleJCompensationCable

K-Thermocouple Power Supply

+

yellow

–

red-yellow

+

red-white

–

white

Table2:WiringtheThermocoupleKCompensationCable

Figure12:WiringtheThermocoupleJCompensationCable

Power +

red-

y

ellow

Power

–

y

ellow

TC J

–

red-white

TC J +

white

Installation

MI23

5.4InputsFTC

ThethreeinputsFTC1,FTC2,andFTC3areusedfortheexternal

controloftheunit.

AllinputfunctionsareenabledthroughtheDataTemp

MultiDropsoftwareonly,seethesoftwarehelpfor

completesetupinstructions!

FTC1 FTC2 FTC3

Emissivity (analog control) x

Emissivity (digital control) x x x

Ambient Background Temperature Compensation

x

Trigger x

Hold Function x

Table3:OverviewtotheFTCInputs



Figure13:FTCInputsontheElectronicBoard

Installation

24MI

5.4.1EmissivitySetting(analogcontrolled)

TheinputFTC1canbeconfiguredtoacceptananalogvoltagesignal

(0to5VDC)toproviderealtimeemissivitysetting.Thefollowing

tableshowstherelationshipbetweeninputvoltageandemissivity.

U in V 0.0 0.5 … 4.5 5.0

Emissivity 0.1 0.2 … 1.0 1.1

Table4:RatiobetweenAnalogInputVoltageandEmissivity

Example:

Theprocessrequiresthesettingofemissivity:

• forproduct1:0.90

• forproduct2:0.40

Followingtheschemebelow,theoperatorneedsonlytoswitchto

position“product1”or“product2”.



Figure14:AdjustmentofEmissivityatInputFTC1(Example)

“product 1”

“product 2”

4.0 V (ε=0.9)

1.5 V (ε=0.4)

To the input FTC1

of the sensor

R1 = 200 Ω

R2 = 500 Ω

R3 = 300 Ω

+ 5 VDC

Installation

MI25

5.4.2EmissivitySetting(digitalcontrolled)

Thesensor’selectronicscontainsatablewith8pre‐installedsettings

foremissivity.Toactivatetheseemissivitysettings,youneedtohave

theinputsFTC1,FTC2,andFTC3connected.Accordingtothe

voltagelevelontheFTCinputs,oneofthetableentrieswillbe

activated.

0=Lowsignal(0V)

1=Highsignal(5V)

Anon‐wiredinputisconsideredas“High”!

Table entry Emissivity

(Examples) FTC3

FTC2

FTC1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1.100

0.500

0.600

0.700

0.800

0.970

1.000

0.950

0

0

0

0

1

1

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

0

1

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

Figure15:DigitalSelectionofEmissivitywithFTCInputs

Thevaluesinthetablecanonlybechangedbymeansofthe

DataTempMultiDropsoftware.

Installation

26MI

5.4.3AmbientBackgroundTemperatureCompensation

Thesensoriscapableofimprovingtheaccuracyoftarget

temperaturemeasurementsbytakingintoaccounttheambientor

backgroundtemperature.Thisfeatureisusefulwhenthetarget

emissivityisbelow1.0andthebackgroundtemperatureis

significantlyhotterthanthetargettemperature.Forinstance,the

highertemperatureofafurnacewallcouldleadtohotter

temperaturesbeingmeasuredespeciallyforlowemissivitytargets.

Ambientbackgroundtemperaturecompensationcompensatesforthe

impactofthereflectedradiationinaccordancetothereflective

behaviorofthetarget.Duetothesurfacestructureofthetarget,some

amountofambientradiationwillbereflectedandthereforeaddedto

thethermalradiationthatiscollectedbythesensor.Theambient

backgroundtemperaturecompensationcompensatesthefinalresult

bysubtractingtheamountofambientradiationmeasuredfromthe

sumofthermalradiationthesensorisexposedto.

Theambientbackgroundtemperaturecompensation

shouldalwaysbeactivatedincaseoflowemissivity

targetsmeasuredinhotenvironmentsorwhenheat

sourcesarenearthetarget!

Threepossibilitiesforambientbackgroundtemperature

compensationareavailable:

• Theinternalsensorheadtemperatureisutilizedfor

compensationassumingthattheambientbackground

temperatureismoreorlessrepresentedbytheinternalsensor

headtemperature.Thisisthedefaultsetting.

• Ifthebackgroundambienttemperatureisknownandconstant,

theusermaygivetheknownambienttemperatureasaconstant

temperaturevalue.

Installation

MI27

• Ambientbackgroundtemperaturecompensationfromasecond

temperaturesensor(infraredorcontacttemperaturesensor)

ensuresextremelyaccurateresults.Forexample,theoutputof

thesecondunit,setformVoutput,couldbeconnectedtothe

FTC2analoginput(0to5VDCcorrespondingtolowendand

highendoftemperaturerange)isutilizedforrealtime

compensation,wherebybothsensorsmustbesetonthesame

temperaturerange.

Figure16:PrincipleofAmbientBackgroundTemperature

Compensation

Sensor 2

targeted

to ambien

t

Sensor 1

targeted

to ob

j

ec

t

Thermal radiation

of ambient

Thermal radiation

of target

0

–

5 VDC

analog outpu

t

at FTC2 inpu

t

Furnace wall

Target object

Installation

28MI

5.4.4TriggerandHoldFunction

TheFTC3inputcanbeusedasexternaltriggerinconjunctionwith

thesoftwaretriggermodesetting“Trigger”or“Hold”.



Figure17:WiringofFTC3asExternalInput

Trigger:AlogicallowsignalattheinputFTC3willresetthepeakor

valleyholdfunction.Aslongastheinputiskeptatlogicallowlevel

thesoftwarewilltransfertheactualobjecttemperaturestowardthe

output.Atthenextlogicalhighlevel,theholdfunctionwillbe

restarted.



Figure18:FTC3forResettingthePeakHoldFunction

External switch:

- contact relay,

- transistor,

- TTL gate, …

object temperature

output temperature

FTC3

Temp

Time

Installation

MI29

Hold:Thismodeactsasexternalgeneratedholdfunction.A

transitionattheinputFTC3fromlogicalhighleveltowardlogical

lowlevelwilltransferthecurrenttemperaturetowardtheoutput.

Thistemperaturewillbewrittentotheoutputuntilanewtransition

fromhightolowoccursattheinputFTC3.





Figure19:FTC3forHoldingtheOutputTemperature

object temperature

output temperature

Trigger

Temp

Time

Installation

30MI

5.5ConnectingtothePCviaRS232

TheRS232interfacecomeswitheachmodel.Connectasingleunit

withaRS232COMportbyusingtheconnectionkitRAYMISCON.

Figure20:ConnectingtheRS232cable

2 3 5

Sub-D 9 pin

Transfer Mode:

• 9600 kBit/s

• 8 data bits

• 1 stop bit

• no parity

• no flow control

to the computer’s COM port

Installation

MI31

5.6InstallingofMultipleSensorsviaRS485

Thedistancebetweenthesensorandacomputercanbeupto1200m

(4000ft.)viaRS485interface.Thisallowsampledistancefromthe

harshenvironmentwherethesensingheadismountedtoacontrol

roomorpulpitwherethecomputerislocated.

TheRS232/485adaptercomeswithapowersupply:

RAYMINCONV2for230VAC

RAYMINCONV1for110VAC



Connectthesignallineasshown:

RS232/485AdapterElectronicBox

RxBÆB

RxAÆA

Donotrunpowersupplyinthesameconduitasthe

RxA/RxBwires!



Figure21:WiringtheRS485Interface

Shunt deactivated!

Installation

32MI

ForaninstallationoftwoormoresensorsinaRS485network,each

sensoriswiredparalleltotheothers.

Youmayconnectupto32units.Makesuretodeactivatethepreset

shuntresistorforallunitsexceptforthelastone.Thepositionofthe

switchtodeactivatetheshuntyoucanseeontheelectronicboardin

thefigureabove.

Beforeunitsareinanetworkthemultidropaddressneeds

tobedefined.Eachsensormusthaveauniqueaddress!

Thefollowingfigureillustratesthewiringofsensorsinamultidrop

installation.



Figure22:WiringtheRS485Network

Theaddresssettingcanbedoneeitherthroughbuttonsorthrough

softwarealternatively.

AddressingthroughButtons

Pressthe<Mode>buttonuntil“M”becomes

visible.Usethe<Down>and<Up>buttons

untiltherequestedaddressappears.Pressthe

<Mode>buttontoacknowledgeyourselection.



AddressingthroughSoftware

Alternativelythesensorcanbecontrolledbymeansoftheoptional

availablesoftwareDataTempMultiDrop.

RxB

Rx

A

RS232/485

A

dapter

unit 1 unit

before

last

last unit

with shunt

activated!

unit 2

A

A

A

A

B

B

B

B

Installation

MI33

Gotothemenu<Setup><SensorSetup>,andthenselecttheregister

<AdvancedSetup>.Use<PollingAddress>forselectingtherequested

address.



Figure23:AddressSetting

Step‐by‐stepinstructionsforaddressingRS‐485MIunits:

1.Powertheunit.

2.Usingeitherthebuttonsorsoftware,assignuniqueaddress

tothesensor.

3.Powerdowntheunit.

4.Repeatuntilallsensorshaveauniqueaddress.

5.Onthelastunitinthenetwork,activatetheshuntresistor

aftertheunithasbeenpowereddown.



FailuretouseshieldedRS‐485wireoractivationofthe

shuntresistorwhentheunitispowered,canresultin

damagetotheelectronics!



Operation

34MI

6Operation

Onceyouhavethesensorpositionedandconnectedproperly,the

systemisreadyforcontinuousoperation.

Theoperationofthesensorcanbedonebymeansofthebuilt‐in

controlpanelonthesensor’selectronicboardorbymeansofthe

softwarethatcamewithyoursensoroptionally.

6.1ControlPanel

Thesensorisequippedwithacontrolpanelinthesensor’selectronic

housing,whichhassetting/controllingbuttonsandanLCDdisplay.

Theactualfunctionmodeisshownonthedisplaywithaspecific

modesymbol.



Figure24:ControlPanel

Output Jumper

Mode Symbol

Value

Mode Button

Value Buttons

Operation

MI35

6.2SettingtheOutputJumper

Inadditiontothesetmodeinthe

unit,seesection6.3Settingof

Modes,onpage36,theunit’s

outputsmustbeconfiguredby

switchingthe<Output>jumper

inaccordancetotherequested

outputfunction(mA,mV,TC).

E.g.forthe“4to20mA”output,

the<Output>jumpermustbeset

tothebottompositionlabeled

with“mA”.

Operation

36MI

6.3SettingofModes

Youcaneasilydeterminetheunit’smodeorparameterbydoingthe

following:

Pressthe<Mode>buttonuntilthe

symbolfortheactualsetmodeappears

inthedisplay,e.g.<T>forsettingthe

transmission,seeTable5:Available

Modes,onpage37.

Usethe<Down/Up>buttonsuntilthe

requestedvaluecomesintoview.

Operation

MI37

DisplayMode Range

CTarget Temperature* (effected

by signal processing)

not adjustable

A Head Ambient Temperature not adjustable

T Target Temperature (not

effected by signal processing)

not adjustable

Output Mode mV mV output (default)

TCK thermocouple type K output

TCJ thermocouple type J output

4 - 20 4 - 20 mA current loop

0 - 20 0 - 20 mA current loop

E Emissivity 0.100 ... 1.000 (default: 0.950)

T Transmission 0.100 ... 1.000 (default: 1.000)

A Signal processing: Average** 0.100 ... 999.0

P Signal processing: Peak Hold** 0.100 ... 998.9 999 = infinite (P ∞)

V Signal processing: Valley Hold** 0.100 ... 998.9 999 = infinite (V ∞)

L Low end of range L = -40 ... 600**** (default: 0)

H High end of range H = -40 ... 600**** (default: 500)

U Temperature Unit °C or °F (default: °C)

M Multidrop Address*** 1 – 32, --- for address 0 (single unit)

*appears automatically after 10 s without any action

**not simultaneously

***only for units with RS485 interface

****temperatures according to LT head

Table5:AvailableModes

Operation

38MI

6.4PostProcessing

6.4.1Averaging

Averagingisusedtosmooththeoutputsignal.Thesignalis

smootheddependingonthedefinedtimebasis,wherebytheoutput

signaltracksthedetectorsignalwithsignificanttimedelaybutnoise

andshortpeaksaredamped.Usealongeraveragetimeformore

accuratedampingbehavior.Theaveragetimeistheamountoftime

theoutputsignalneedstoreach90%magnitudeofanobject

temperaturejump.



Figure25:Averaging

Alowlevelinput(GND)atexternalinputFTC3willpromptly

interrupttheaveragingandwillstartthecalculationagain.

Attention: Thedisadvantageofaveragingisthetimedelayofthe

outputsignal.Incaseofhavingatemperaturejumpattheinput(hot

output temperature

object temperature

temperature jump

average time

Temp

Time

90% of

temperature

j

ump

Operation

MI39

object),theoutputsignalreachesonly90%magnitudeoftheactual

objecttemperatureafterthedefinedaveragetime.

Operation

40MI

6.4.2PeakHold

Theoutputsignalfollowstheobjecttemperatureuntilamaximumis

found.Oncetheholdtimeisexceededtheoutputsignal,tracksand

outputtheactualobjecttemperatureandthealgorithmwillstartover

again.Therangefortheholdtimeis0.1to998.9s.



Figure26:PeakHold

Adefinedholdtimeof999s(symbol“∞”inthedisplay)willputthe

deviceintocontinuouspeakdetectionmode.

Alowlevelinput(GND)atexternalinputFTC3willpromptly

interrupttheholdtimeandwillstartthemaximumdetectionagain.

output temperature

object temperature

hold time

hold time

Temp

Time

Operation

MI41

6.4.3ValleyHold

Theoutputsignalfollowstheobjecttemperatureuntilaminimumis

found.Oncetheholdtimeisexceededtheoutputsignal,tracksand

outputtheactualobjecttemperatureandthealgorithmwillstartover

again.Therangefortheholdtimeis0.1to998.9s.



Figure27:ValleyHold

Adefinedholdtimeof999s(symbol“∞”inthedisplay)willputthe

deviceintocontinuousvalleydetectionmode.

Alowlevelinput(GND)atexternalinputFTC3willpromptly

interrupttheholdtimeandwillstarttheminimumdetectionagain.

output temperature

object temperature

hold time

hold time

Temp

Time

Operation

42MI

6.4.4AdvancedPeakHold

Thisfunctionsearchesthesensorsignalforalocalmaximum(peak)

andwritesthisvaluetotheoutputuntilanewlocalmaximumis

found.Beforethealgorithmrestartssearchingforalocalmaximum,

theobjecttemperaturehastodropbelowapredefinedthreshold.If

theobjecttemperatureraisesabovetheheldvaluewhichhasbeen

writtentotheoutputsofar,theoutputsignalfollowstheobject

temperatureagain.Ifthealgorithmdetectsalocalmaximumwhile

theobjecttemperatureiscurrentlybelowthepredefinedthreshold

theoutputsignaljumpstothenewmaximumtemperatureofthis

localmaximum.Oncetheactualtemperaturehaspassedamaximum

aboveacertainmagnitude,anewlocalmaximumisfound.This

magnitudeiscalledhysteresis.



Figure28:AdvancedPeakHold

Theadvancedpeakholdfunctionisonlyadjustablebymeansofthe

DataTempMultiDropSoftware.

output temperature

object temperature

hysteresis

threshold

Temp

Time

Operation

MI43

6.4.5AdvancedValleyHold

Thisfunctionworkssimilartotheadvancedpeakholdfunction,

exceptitwillsearchthesignalforalocalminimum.

6.4.6AdvancedPeakHoldwithAveraging

Theoutputsignaldeliveredbytheadvancedpeakholdfunctions

tendstojumpupanddown.Thisisduetothefact,thatonly

maximumpointsoftheotherwisehomogenoustracewillbeshown.

Theusermaycombinethefunctionalityofthepeakholdfunction

withtheaveragingfunctionbychoosinganaveragetime,thus,

smoothingtheoutputsignalforconvenienttracing.



Figure29:AdvancedPeakHoldwithAveraging

Theadvancedpeakholdfunctionwithaveragingisonlyadjustable

bymeansoftheDataTempMultiDropSoftware.

6.4.7AdvancedValleyHoldwithAveraging

Thisfunctionworkssimilartotheadvancedpeakholdfunctionwith

averaging,exceptitwillsearchthesignalforalocalminimum.

output temperature

object temperature

Temp

Time

without averaging

Operation

44MI

6.5FactoryDefaults

Foractivatingtheunit’sfactorydefaultvaluespressthe<Mode/Up>

buttonsontheelectronicboardsimultaneously.Thefactorydefault

valuesaretobefoundinsection11.8CommandSetonpage77.

Options

MI45

7Options

Optionsareitemsthatarefactoryinstalledandmustbespecifiedat

timeoforder.Thefollowingareavailable:

• Longercablelengths:3m/9.8ft.(…CB3),8m/26.2ft.(…CB8),

15m/49.2ft.(…CB15)

• RS485serialinterface(…4),formultidropnetworksorlong

distances

• Boxlidwithviewport(…V)

Accessories

46MI

8Accessories

8.1Overview

Afullrangeofaccessoriesforvariousapplicationsandindustrial

environmentsareavailable.Accessoriesincludeitemsthatmaybe

orderedatanytimeandaddedon‐site:

• AdjustableMountingBracket(XXXMIACAB)

• FixedMountingBracket(XXXMIACFB)

• AirPurgingJacket(XXXMIACAJ)

• AirCoolingSystemwith0.8m(2.6ft.)airhose

(XXXMIACCJ)orwith2.8m(9.2ft.)airhose(XXXMIACCJ1)

• RightAngleMirror(XXXMIACRAJ,XXXMIACRAJ1)

• BoxLid(XXXMIACV)

• ProtectiveWindow(XXXMIACPW)

• ProtectiveWindow,transmissionalreadysetintheunit

(XXXMIACPWI)

• PCconnectionkitformodelswithRS232,including

DataTempMultiDropSoftware(RAYMISCON)

• PCconnectionkitformodelswithRS485,including

DataTempMultiDropSoftwareandRS232/485converter:

110VAC(RAYMINCONV1)

230VAC(RAYMINCONV2)



Accessories

MI47



Figure30:StandardMountingAccessories

Sensing Head

Adjustable Bracket

Fixed Bracket

Electronic Box

Accessories

48MI

8.2AdjustableMountingBracket



Figure31:AdjustableMountingBracket(XXXMIACAB)

Accessories

MI49

8.3FixedMountingBracket



Figure32:FixedMountingBracket(XXXMIACFB)

Accessories

50MI

8.4AirPurgingJacket

Theairpurgejacketisusedtokeepdust,moisture,airborneparticles,

andvaporsawayfromthesensinghead.Clean,oilfreeairis

recommended.Theairpurgejacketwithstandsambienttemperatures

upto180°C(356°F)andshouldnotbeusedforcoolingpurposes.The

recommendedairflowrateis30to60l/min(0.5to1cfm).Themax.

pressureis5bar.





Figure33:AirPurgingJacket(XXXMIACAJ)

Hose with inner

diameter of 3 mm

(0.12 in), outside

5

mm

(

0.2 in

)

Accessories

MI51



Figure34:MountingtheAirPurgeJacket

1.Removethesensor(1) andcablefromtheelectronicboxby

disconnectingthewiresfromtheelectronicbox.

2.OpentheAirPurgingJacket(3,4) andscrewthewhiteplastic

fitting(2) ontothesensoruptotheendofthethreads,donot

overtighten!

3.Slipthecable(6) throughthebackside(4) ofthejacket.

4.ClosetheAirPurgingJacket(3,4) andreconnectthewiresto

theelectronicboxandapplythemountingnut(5).

Accessories

52MI

8.5AirCoolingSystem

Thesensingheadcanoperateinambienttemperaturesupto200°C

(392°F)withtheair‐coolingsystem.Theair‐coolingsystemcomes

withaT‐adapterincluding0.8m/31.5in(optional:2.8m/110in)air

hoseandinsulation.TheT‐adapterallowstheair‐coolinghosetobe

installedwithoutinterruptingtheconnectionstothebox.

Theair‐coolingjacketmaybecombinedwiththerightanglemirror.

Figure35:AirCoolingSystem



Figure36:ConnectingtheT‐Adapter(XXXMIACCJ)

max. ambient 200°C (392°F)

Sensing Head

max. ambient 50°C (122°F)

Air Hose T-

Adapter

Electronic

Housin

g

Cable

Air cooling (max. 35°C / 95°F)

Hose to

sensing head

T-Adapter

Cable to electronic

housing

Fitting free for air connection

Hose:

inner Ø: 9 mm (0.35 in)

outer Ø: 12

mm

(

0.47 in

)

Accessories

MI53



Figure37:MaximumAmbientTemperaturedependingon

AirFlowandHoseLength

Note:“HoseLength“isthelengthofhoseexposedtohighambient

temperature(nottheoveralllengthofthehose).

Hose Length

60 l / min (2.1 cubic feet per minute)

Air Flow:

50 l / min (1.8 cfm)

40 l / min (1.4 cfm)

Accessories

54MI



Figure38:AirCoolingSystem:PurgingJacket

TheAirCoolingSystemconsistsof:

(1)sensinghead

(2)innerplasticfitting(airpurgingjacket)

(3)frontpartoftheair‐purgingjacket

(4)backpartoftheair‐purgingjacket

(5)mountingnut

(6)preinstalledcablebetweensensorandbox,leadingthroughthe

T‐adapter

(7)hoseconnectingnut

(8)innerhose

(9)outerhose

(10)T‐adapter

(11)rubberwasher

(12)plasticcompressionfitting

(13)cap

Accessories

MI55



Figure39:AirCoolingSystem:T‐Adapter

Accessories

56MI



Figure40:DimensionsofAirCoolingSystem

Hose:

inner Ø: 9 mm (0.35 in)

outer Ø: 12 mm (0.47 in)

Accessories

MI57

8.6RightAngleMirror

Therightanglemirrorcomesintwodifferentversions:

XXXMIACRAJrightanglemirrorasaccessoryforairpurging

jacketoraircoolingsystem

XXXMIACRAJ1rightanglemirrorwithintegratedairpurging



Figure41:RightAngleMirrorXXXMIACRAJ(left),

RightAngleMirrorwithAirPurgingXXXMIACRAJ1(right)

Therightanglemirrorwithstandsambienttemperaturesupto180°C

(356°F).

Formountingtherightanglemirror(XXXMIACRAJ)seesection8.4

AirPurgingJacketonpage50.However,insteadofusingthefront

partoftheairpurgingjacket(3),mounttherightanglemirror.



Figure42:RightAngleMirror(*withAirPurging)

Accessories

58MI

8.7BoxLid



Figure43:BoxLidwithViewPortforPostInstallations

(XXXMIACV)

Accessories

MI59

8.8ProtectiveWindow

Theprotectivewindowcanbeusedtoprotectthesensingheadfrom

dustandothercontamination.Thisshouldbeappliedespeciallyfor

sensorswithoutalens.Theseareallmodelswithanoptical

resolutionof2:1.

Theprotectivewindowismadefromnon‐poisonouszincsulfide,

withatransmissionfactorof0.75±0.05.Ithasanouterdiameterof

17mm(0.67in).Theprotectivewindowcanbedirectlyscrewedto

thesensinghead.Itwithstandsambienttemperaturesupto180°C

(356°F).

Forcorrecttemperaturereadings,thetransmissionofthe

protectivewindowmustbesetviathecontrolpanelinthe

sensor’selectronichousing,seesection6.2Settingof

Modesonpage35!



Figure44:ProtectiveWindow(XXXMIACPW)

Maintenance

60MI

9Maintenance

Oursalesrepresentativesandcustomerservicearealwaysatyour

disposalforquestionsregardingapplicationassistance,calibration,

repair,andsolutionstospecificproblems.Pleasecontactyourlocal

salesrepresentativeifyouneedassistance.Inmanycases,problems

canbesolvedoverthetelephone.Ifyouneedtoreturnequipmentfor

servicing,calibration,orrepair,pleasecontactourService

Departmentbeforeshipping.Phonenumbersarelistedatthe

beginningofthisdocument.

9.1TroubleshootingMinorProblems

Symptom Probable Cause Solution

No output No power to instrument Check the power supply

Erroneous

temperature Faulty sensor cable Verify cable continuity

Erroneous

temperature Field of view obstruction Remove the obstruction

Erroneous

temperature Window lens Clean the lens

Erroneous

temperature Wrong emissivity Correct the setting

Temperature

fluctuates Wrong signal processing Correct Peak/Valley Hold or Average

settings

Temperature

fluctuates No ground for the head Check wiring / grounding

Table6:Troubleshooting

Maintenance

MI61

9.2Fail‐SafeOperation

TheFail‐Safesystemisdesignedtoalerttheoperatorandprovidea

safeoutputincaseofanysystemfailure.Thesensorisdesignedto

shutdowntheprocessintheeventofaset‐uperror,systemerror,ora

failureinthesensorelectronics.

TheFail‐Safecircuitshouldneverbereliedon

exclusivelytoprotectcriticalprocesses.Othersafety

devicesshouldalsobeusedtosupplementthisfunction!

Whenanerrororfailuredoesoccur,thedisplayindicatesthe

possiblefailurearea,andtheoutputcircuitsautomaticallyadjustto

theirpresetlevels,seethefollowingtables.

ErrorCodesfortheOutputs

Symptom mV 0 to 20 mA 4 to 20 mA TC-K TC-J

Temperature over

range

5 V 21 mA 21 mA - -

Temperature under

range

0 V 0 mA 2.5 mA - -

Defect of the internal

head ambient

temperature probe

5 V 21 mA 21 mA > 1200°C

(2192 °F)

> 1200°C

(2192 °F)

Table7:ErrorCodes(Outputs)

Maintenance

62MI

ErrorCodesviaRS232/485

Output Error Code Description

T------ Invalid temperature reading

T>>>>>> Temperature over range

T<<<<<< Temperature under range

Table8:ErrorCodes(viaRS232/485)

ErrorCodesfortheLCDDisplay

Display Error Code Description

----C Invalid temperature reading

H-ERR Wrong sensing head

B-ERR Wrong parameter setting (box)

OVER Temperature over range

UNDER Temperature under range

2.15 Firmware revision number, after reset of

the unit (2 seconds)

Table9:ErrorCodes(LCDDisplay)

Maintenance

MI63

9.3SensingHeadExchange

Sensingheadsandelectronicboxescanonlybe

interchangedinaccordancetothefollowingtable!

MID02 MIC02 MID10 MIC10 MIH10 MID20 MIC20 MIH20

MID02 x x x x

MIC02 x x x x

MID10 x x x x

MIC10 x x x x

MIH10 x

MID20 x

MIC20 x

MIH20 x

Theheadexchangerequirestotypeinthenewsensinghead

calibrationdataprintedonthecableasfollows:

1.Toexchangethesensinghead,disconnectthepowerofthe

unit.

2.Connectthewiresforthenewsensingheadaccordingtothe

colordescriptionontheprintedcircuitboard.

3.SwitchthepowerfortheunittoON.

4.Presssimultaneouslythe<Mode/Down/Up>buttons.

5.Fourcharactersappearinthedisplay(formervalues).Typein

thenewdesignator(A)usingthe<Down/Up>buttons.Press

the<Mode>button.

6.Thesecondblockoffourcharactersappearsinthedisplay

(formervalues).Typeinthenewdesignator(B)usingthe

Maintenance

64MI

<Down/Up>buttons.Activateyoursettingsbypressingthe

<Mode>button.



Figure45:SensingHeadCalibrationDataprintedontheCable

(e.g.Headwithtwoblocksof4numbers)

ForMIHmodelsandspeciallymodifiedmodels(likeG5orMTB),

fourblocksoffourcharactersareused.

AlternativelyyoualsocanusetheDataTempMultiDropsoftwarefor

typinginthenewsensingheadcalibrationdata.

A

B

Software

MI65

10Software

ForusewithRS232orRS485models,DataTempMultiDropsoftware

allowsaccesstotheextendeddigitalfeaturesoftheMIDwithan

easy‐to‐useinterface.CompatiblewithWIN95/98/NT/2000/XP,

DataTempMultiDropprovidesforsensorsetup,remotemonitoring,

andsimpledataloggingforanalysisortomeetqualityrecord‐

keepingrequirements.

AdditionalfeaturesconfigurablewithoptionalRS232oroptional

RS485communicationsandDataTempMultiDropSoftware:

• 5Valarmsignaltriggeredbytargettemperatureorambient

headtemperature

• Eight‐position“recipe”tablethatcanbeeasilyinterfacedtoan

externalcontrolsystem

• Externalresetsignalinputforsignalprocessing

• Externalinputsforanalogemissivityadjustmentor

backgroundradiationcompensation

• Remotedigitalcommunicationandcontrolofupto32sensors

inanRS485multidropconfiguration

Formoredetailedinformation,seethecomprehensivesoftwarehelp

oftheDataTempMultiDrop.

ProgrammingGuide

66MI

11ProgrammingGuide

Thissectionexplainsthesensor’scommunicationprotocol.A

protocolisthesetofcommandsthatdefineallpossible

communicationswiththesensor.Thecommandsaredescribedalong

withtheirassociatedASCIIcommandcharactersandrelatedmessage

formatinformation.Usethemwhenwritingcustomprogramsfor

yourapplicationsorwhencommunicatingwithyoursensorwitha

terminalprogram.

ProgrammingGuide

MI67

11.1TransferModes

Theunit’sserialinterfaceiseitherRS232orRS485,dependingonthe

model.

Settings:transferrate:9.6kBaud,8databits,1stopbit,no

parity,flowcontrol:none(halfduplexmode).

Therearetwopossibletransfermodesfortheserialinterface:

PollMode:Byuserinterfacecontrol,aparameterwillbesetor

requested.

BurstMode:Apre‐defineddatastring(“burststring“)willbe

transferredasfastaspossibleaslongastheburstmode

isactivated.Thedatawillbetransferredinone

directiononly,fromtheunittotheuserinterface.



V=P“P“startsthePollmode(allowstorequestortoset

parameters)

V=B“B“startstheBurstmode(datawillbetransferredas

fastaspossible;necessary:datastringdefinition–

“Burststring“)

$=UTIE“$“setstheparametercombination(“burststring“)

“U“unit(°Cor°F)

“T“temperaturevalue

“I“internaltemperatureofthesensinghead

“E“emissivity

?X$givestheburststringparameterswhileinpollmode



Returnfromtheburstmodetothepollmode:

Ifthepollmodeshallbeactivatedwhiletheburstmodeisstillactive,

sendacharacterandwithinthefollowing3secondsthecommand

V=P.

ProgrammingGuide

68MI

11.2GeneralCommandStructure

Requestingaparameter(PollMode)

?ECR“?“isthecommandfor“Request“

“E“istheparameterrequested

“CR“(carriagereturn,0Dh)isclosingtherequest.

Remark:Itispossibletoclosewith“CR““LF“,0Dh,

0Ah,butnotnecessary.

Settingaparameter(PollMode)

TheparameterwillbestoredintothedeviceEEPROM.

E=0.975CR“E“istheparametertobeset

“=“isthecommandfor“setaparameter“

“0.975“isthevaluefortheparameter

“CR“(carriagereturn,0Dh)isclosingtherequest

Remark:Itispossibletoclosewith“CR““LF“,0Dh,

0Ah,butnotnecessary.

SettingaparameterwithoutwritingintotheEEPROM(PollMode)

Thisfunctionisfortestpurposesonly.

E#0.975CR“E“istheparametertobeset

“#“isthecommandfor“setparameterwithoutwriting

intotheEEPROM“

“0.975“isthevaluefortheparameter

“CR“(carriagereturn,0Dh)isclosingtherequest.

Remark:Itispossibletoclosewith“CR““LF“,0Dh,

0Ah,butnotnecessary.

Deviceresponseformat:

!E0.975CRLF“!“istheparameterfor“Answer“

“E“istheparameter

“0.975“isthevaluefortheparameter

“CR“„LF“(0Dh0Ah)isclosingtheanswer.

ProgrammingGuide

MI69

Afterswitchingthepowerto“ON“,thedeviceissendinga

notification:

#XICRLF“#“istheparameterfor“Notification“

“XI“isthevalueforthenotification(here“XI“;unit

switchesto“ON”)

“CR““LF“(0Dh0Ah)isclosingtheanswer.

Errormessage

*SyntaxError“*“isthecharacterfor“Error“

11.3DeviceInformation

Thisinformationisfactoryinstalled,readonly.

Command Description Answer

(Example)

?XU Device name “XUMILT“

?DS Remark (e.g., for specials) “!DSRAY“

?XV Serial Number “!XV0A0027“

?XR Firmware Revision Number “!XR2.08“

?XH Maximum Temp. Range: e.g. for LT head “!XH0600.0“

?XB Minimum Temp. Range: e.g. for LT head “!XB-040.0“

Table1:DeviceInformation

ProgrammingGuide

70MI

11.4DeviceSetup

11.4.1TemperatureCalculation

U=Cunitforthetemperaturevalue

E=0.950Emissivitysetting(Caution:accordingtothesettings

for“ES”,seesection11.4.2EmissivitySettingand

AlarmSetpointsonpage70.)

XG=1.000Settingfortransmission

Forthecalculationofthetemperaturevalue,itispossibletosetan

offset(relativenumbertobeaddedtothetemperaturevalue),anda

gainvalue.

DG=1.0000Gainadjustmentforthetemperaturesignal

DO=0Offsetadjustmentforthetemperaturesignal

Incasetheambienttemperatureisnotrequestedbytheinternalhead

temperature,youmustsettheambienttemperaturevaluesas

follows:

A=250.0Ambienttemperature(example)

AC=1Controlambientbackgroundtemp.compensation

11.4.2EmissivitySettingandAlarmSetpoints

Thedeviceallowsthreechoicesfortheemissivitysettingandtwofor

thealarmoutputsetting.

ESSelectionoftheemissivitysetting.

ES=1Emissivitysetbyaconstantnumberaccordingtothe

„E“command

ES=EEmissivitysetbyavoltageonFTC1(analoginput)

ES=DEmissivitysetbytheentriesinatable(selectedby

digitalinputsFTC1–FTC3)

?CEasksfortheemissivityvaluethatisactuallyusedfor

temperaturecalculation

ProgrammingGuide

MI71

Thereareeightentriespossibleforemissivitysetting(1)andarelated

setpoint(threshold)(2).Tobeabletowriteorreadthesevalues,use

thefollowingcommands:

EP=2setpointerfortableentry,e.g.toline2(3)

RV=0.600settheemissivityvalueforline2to0.600(4)

SV=220.0setthesetpoint(threshold)forline2to220.0(5)





Figure46:TableforEmissivityandSetPoints

Toactivatetheseemissivitysettings,youneedtohavethe3external

inputs(FTC)connected.Accordingtothedigitalcombinationonthe

FTCwires,oneofthetableentrieswillbeactivated,seesection5.4.2

EmissivitySettingviaDigitalSelectiononpage25.

1 2

3

4

5

ProgrammingGuide

72MI

11.4.3PostProcessing

Thefollowingparameterscanbesettodeterminethepostprocessing

mode,seesection6.4PostProcessingonpage38.

P=5peakhold,holdtime:5s

F=12.5valleyhold,holdtime:12.5s

G=10averaging,averagetime(90%):10s

XY=3advancedpeakhold,hysteresis:3K

XY=‐2advancedvalleyhold,hysteresis:2K

AdvancedPeak/ValleyHoldwithAveraging:

C=250threshold:250°C

AA=15averagingtime(90%):15s

11.5DynamicData

Alltemperaturerelatedinformationiscalculated128timesasecond.

Torequestthedynamicdata,followingcommandsareavailable:

?Ttargettemperature

?Iinternaltemperatureofthesensinghead

?XJinternaltemperatureofelectronicshousing

?Qenergyvalueoftheinfra‐redtemperature

?XTtriggersetpoint(active/inactive)fortheFTC3input

Tocheckforresets(e.g.powershutdown)usethecommandXI.

Notice,afteraresettheunitisnewinitialized.

?XIasksfortheresetstatus

!XI0noresetoccurred

!XI1aresetoccurred,newinitializationoftheunit

XI=0setstheresetstatusbackto0

ProgrammingGuide

MI73

11.6DeviceControl

11.6.1OutputfortheTargetTemperature

Thesignaloutputcanbesetto4–20mA,0–20mAormV.Ifcurrent

outputisactivated,theoutputcanprovideapredefinedcurrent:

XO=4outputmodeto4–20mA

O=13.57outputofaconstantcurrentat13.57mA

O=60switchesbacktothetemperaturecontrolledoutput

11.6.2AnalogOutput,Scaling

Accordingtothetemperaturerangeofthemodel,itispossibletoset

amaximumvoltage/currentvalueaccordingtoatemperaturevalue

(e.g.,themaximumcurrent20mAshallrepresent200°C/392°F).The

samesettingispossiblefortheminimumvalue.

H=500themaximumcurrent/voltagevalueissetto500°C

L=0theminimumcurrent/voltagevalueissetto0°C

Remark:Youcannotsetthisvalueforthermocoupleoutput.The

minimumspanbetweenthemaximum/minimumsettingsis20K.

11.6.3AlarmOutput

Thesecondoutputchannelcanbesetindifferentmodes,seesection

5.3.2HeadAmbientTemp./AlarmOutputonpage20.

• Internalsensingheadtemperature

• Alarmoutput

K=7internalsensingheadtemperature

K=4alarmoutputforobjecttemperature,0Vincaseofno

alarm

XS=125.3thresholdsettingto125.3°C(ifU=Cisset)

11.6.4Factorydefaultvalues

Itispossibletoresettheunittothedefaultvalues.

ProgrammingGuide

74MI

XFfactorydefaultvalueswillbeset

11.6.5LockMode

Theaccesstotheunitispossibleviaserialinterface(software)and

viathedirectuserinput(modebuttons,LCDdisplay).Itispossible

tolockthebuttons.Thisallowsaccesstheunitonlyviasoftware.

J=Ldirectuserinputviamodebuttonsdenied

Alternativelytheunitcanbeunlockedbypressingthe<Mode/Up>

buttonssimultaneouslyforthreeseconds.

11.6.6ModeSettingfortheDigitalInputFTC3

ThedigitalinputFTC3(seesection5.4.4TriggerandHoldFunction

onpage28)canbeusedasfollows:

XN=TFTC3astrigger

XN=HFTC3withholdfunction

11.6.7ChangingtheSensingHeadCalibrationData

Ifitisnecessarytoexchangethesensinghead,youmustsetthe

calibrationdataforthenewsensinghead:

XZ=01234567FFFFFFFFaccordingtotheheadcalibrationdata

ForMID/MIC‐modelsthelasteightnumbersarenotusedandmust

besetto„F“likeshownintheexampleabove.ForMIH‐modelsand

specials(likeMTBorG5)allsixteennumbersareused.

11.6.8AmbientBackgroundTemperatureCompensation

Incaseofcompensatingtheambientbackgroundtemperature,the

followingmodesareavailable:

AC=0nocompensation

AC=1compensationwithaconstanttemperaturevalueset

withcommandA.

ProgrammingGuide

MI75

AC=2compensationwithanexternalvoltagesignalatthe

analoginputFTC2(0V–5Vcorrespondstolowend

andhighendoftemperaturerange),currentambient

temperatureisreadablewithcommandA.

Note:ThemodeAC=2doesnotfunctionincaseof

settingthecommandES=D!

Formoreinformationregardingtheambientbackground

temperaturecompensationseesection5.4.3AmbientBackground

Temp.Compensationenpage26.

ProgrammingGuide

76MI

11.7MultipleUnits(RS485MultidropMode)

Upto32unitscanbeconnectedwithinaRS485network,seesection

5.6InstallingofMultipleSensorsviaRS485onpage31.Todirecta

commandtooneunitamongthe32possible,itisnecessaryto

„address“acommand.Therefore,a3‐digitnumberissetpriorthe

command.The3‐digitnumberisdeterminedbetween001and032.

Exception:Broadcastcommand.

Ifacommandistransferred,startingwiththe3‐digitnumber000,all

units(withaddressesfrom001to032)connectedwillgetthis

command–withouttosendananswer.

Note:Aunitwiththeaddress000isasingleunitandnotin

multidropmode.

XA=024willsetaddressto24(unitmustnotbeinmultidropmode)

Changinganaddress:

(e.g.theaddressischangefrom24to17)

commandanswer

„017?E“„017E0.950“

„017XA=024““017XA024”settingofanewaddress

„024?E“„024E0.950“

Exampleforthebroadcastcommand:

commandanswer

“024?E”“024E0.950”

“000E=0.5”willbeexecutedfromallunits,noanswer

“024?E”“024E0.500”

“012?E”“012E0.500”

ProgrammingGuide

MI77

11.8CommandSet

Description Char Format P B S Legal values Factory

default

LCD

Poll parameter ? ?X/?XX * ?T

Set parameter = X/XX=... * E=0.85

Set parameter without

EEPROM storage

# X/XX# * E#0.85

Multidrop addressing 001?E * * answer:

001!E0.95

Error message * *Syntax error

Acknowledge message ! !P010

Burst string format $ * * (3) UTEI

Ambient background

temp. compensation

A nnn.n * * * (1) (6)

Advanced hold with

average

AA nnn.n * * 000.0 – 999 s 000.0 s

Control ambient

background temp.

compensation

AC n * * 0 = head temp.,

1 = via number,

2 = via external

input

0

Advanced hold threshold C nnn.n * * in current

scale(C / F)

300

Currently calculated

emissivity

CE n.nnn *

Current calculation

setpoint / relay function

CS nnn.n * In current scale

(C / F)

Device adjustment gain DG n.nnnn * * 0.8000 1.2000 1.0000

Device adjustment offset DO nnn * * -200 +200 0

Device special DS XXX * z.B. !DSRAY

Emissivity internal (10) E n.nnn * * * 0.100 – 1.100 0.950 E

Error Code EC nnnn * Hex value of

ErrCode

Presel. emissivity pointer

(10)

EP n * * 0 – 7 7

ProgrammingGuide

78MI

Description Char Format P B S Legal values Factory

default

LCD

Source: emissivity /

setpoint for alarm output

ES X * * I=constant

number

(E=0.950)

E=external

analogous input

FTC1

D= E/XS digital

selected FTC1-3

I

Presel. emissivity value EV n.nnn * * 0.100 - 1.100

Valley hold time(4) F nnn.n * * * 0.000 - 998.9 s

(999 = infinite)

000.0 s V

Average time G nnn.n * * * 000.0 – 999 s 000.0 s A

Top of mA/mV range H nnn.n * * * (1) (7) H

Sensor / head ambient I nnn.n * * in current scale

(°C/°F)

Switch panel lock J X * * L=locked

U=unlocked

unlocked

Alarm output control K N * * 0=off

1=on

2=Target.; norm.

open

3=norm. closed

4=Head; normal

open

5=norm. closed

7=sensor / head

ambient

?

Bottom of mA/mV range L nnn.n * * * (1) (8) L

Output voltage O n.nnn * * 0.000 – 5.000

voltage in V

6=controlled by

unit

6

Output current O nn.nn * * 0.00 – 20.00

current in mA

21=over range

60=controlled by

unit

60 L

Peak hold time (4) P nnn.n * * * 000.0 998.9 s

(999 = infinite)

000.0 s P

Power/AD value Q nnnn * *

ProgrammingGuide

MI79

Description Char Format P B S Legal values Factory

default

LCD

Presel. setpoint / relay

function

SV nnn.n (1)

Target temperature T nnn.n * * in current scale

(°C / °F)

Temperature unit U X * * * C / F C U

Poll / Burst mode V X * * P = poll

B = burst

Poll mode

Burst string contents X$ *

Multidrop address XA nnn * * 000 – 032

000 = single unit

unchanged

(preset: 0)

Bottom temperature of

range

XB nnn.n *

Restore factory defaults XF *

Transmission XG n.nnn * * * 0.100 - 1.000 1.000 T

High temperature of

range

XH nnn.n *

Sensor initialization XI n * * * 1 after Reset,

0 if XI = 0

Box temperature XJ nnn.n * * in current

scale(°C / °F)

FTC 3 trigger / hold XN X * * T = trigger

H = hold

T

Analog output mode XO n * * 0 = 0 – 20 mA

4 = 4 – 20 mA

5 = TCJ

6 = TCK

9 = mV

9

Firmware revision XR * e.g. 1.01

Setpoint / relay function

(10)

XS nnn.n * * (1) 250°C

Trigger XT n * * 0 = inactive

1 = active

0

Unit identification XU * e.g. !XUMILT4

Serial number XV * e.g. 98123

Advance hold hysterese

(4)

XY nnn.n * *

Head calibration (9) XZ * *

(1)LT:‐40to600°C(‐40to1112°F)

(2)n=number,X=uppercaseletter

ProgrammingGuide

80MI

(3)$=UTQE

(4)settingaverage/peak/valley/advancedholdcancelsallotherholdmodes

(6)LT:23°C(73°F)

(7)LT:500°C(932°F)

(8)LT:0°C(32°F)

(9)XZ=0123456789ABCDEFsetcommandchecksformat!Firmwarerestartbyunit

(10)E0=1.100,E1=0.500,E2=0.600,E3=0.700,E4=0.800,E5=0.970,E6=1.000,E7=0.950

XS0=200,XS1=210,XS2=220,XS3=230,XS4=240,XS5=250,XS6=260,XS7=270

En/XSnsetviacommandEP=n(n=0…7)

Table2:CommandSet

Appendix

MI81

12Appendix

12.1DeterminationofEmissivity

Emissivityisameasureofanobject’sabilitytoabsorbandemit

infraredenergy.Itcanhaveavaluebetween0and1.0.Forexamplea

mirrorhasanemissivityof<0.1,whiletheso‐called“Blackbody“

reachesanemissivityvalueof1.0.Ifahigherthanactualemissivity

valueisset,theoutputwillreadlow,providedthetarget

temperatureisaboveitsambienttemperature.Forexample,ifyou

haveset0.95andtheactualemissivityis0.9,thetemperaturereading

willbelowerthanthetruetemperature.

Anobject’semissivitycanbedeterminedbyoneofthefollowing

methods:

1.DeterminetheactualtemperatureofthematerialusinganRTD

(PT100),athermocouple,oranyothersuitablecontact

temperaturemethod.Next,measuretheobject’stemperature

andadjustemissivitysettinguntilthecorrecttemperature

valueisreached.Thisisthecorrectemissivityforthemeasured

material.

2.Forrelativelylowtemperatures(upto260°C/500°F)placea

plasticsticker(e.g.XXXRPMACED)ontheobjecttobe

measured.Thisstickershouldbelargeenoughtocoverthe

targetspot.Next,measurethesticker’stemperatureusingan

emissivitysettingof0.95.Finally,measurethetemperatureof

anadjacentareaontheobjectandadjusttheemissivitysetting

untilthesametemperatureisreached.Thisisthecorrect

emissivityforthemeasuredmaterial.

3.Ifpossible,applyflatblackpainttoaportionofthesurfaceof

theobject.Theemissivityofthepaintis0.95.Next,measurethe

temperatureofthepaintedareausinganemissivitysettingof

Appendix

82MI

0.95.Finally,measurethetemperatureofanadjacentareaon

theobjectandadjusttheemissivityuntilthesametemperature

isreached.Thisisthecorrectemissivityforthemeasured

material.

Appendix

MI83

12.2TypicalEmissivityValues

Thefollowingtableprovidesabriefreferenceguidefordetermining

emissivityandcanbeusedwhenoneoftheabovemethodsisnot

practical.Emissivityvaluesshowninthetableareonlyapproximate,

sinceseveralparametersmayaffecttheemissivityofamaterial.

Theseincludethefollowing:

1.Temperature

2.Angleofmeasurement

3.Geometry(plane,concave,convex)

4.Thickness

5.Surfacequality(polished,rough,oxidized,sandblasted)

6.Spectralrangeofmeasurement

7.Transmission(e.g.thinfilmsplastics)



Tooptimizesurfacetemperaturemeasurements,considerthe

followingguidelines:

• Determinetheobjectemissivityusingtheinstrumentwhichis

alsotobeusedforthemeasurements.

• Avoidreflectionsbyshieldingtheobjectfromsurrounding

temperaturesources.

• Forhighertemperatureobjectsuseinstrumentswiththe

shortestwavelengthpossible.

• Fortranslucentmaterialssuchasplasticfoilsorglass,assure

thatthebackgroundisuniformandlowerintemperaturethan

theobject.

• Mountinstrumentperpendiculartosurfaceifpossible.Inall

cases,donotexceedanglesmorethan30°fromincidence.

Appendix

84MI

METALS

Material Emissivity

3.9 µm 5 µm 8 – 14 µm

Aluminum

Unoxidized 0.02-0.2 0.02-0.2 0.02-0.1

Oxidized 0.2-0.4 0.2-0.4 0.2-0.4

Alloy A3003, Oxidized 0.4 0.4 0.3

Roughened 0.1-0.4 0.1-0.4 0.1-0.3

Polished 0.02-0.1 0.02-0.1 0.02-0.1

Brass

Polished 0.01-0.05 0.01-0.05 0.01-0.05

Burnished 0.3 0.3 0.3

Oxidized 0.5 0.5 0.5

Chromium 0.03-0.3 0.03-0.3 0.02-0.2

Copper

Polished 0.03 0.03 0.03

Roughened 0.05-0.15 0.05-0.15 0.05-0.1

Oxidized 0.5-0.8 0.5-0.8 0.4-0.8

Gold 0.01-0.1 0.01-0.1 0.01-0.1

Haynes

Alloy 0.3-0.8 0.3-0.8 0.3-0.8

Inconel

Oxidized 0.6-0.9 0.6-0.9 0.7-0.95

Sandblasted 0.3-0.6 0.3-0.6 0.3-0.6

Electropolished 0.15 0.15 0.15

Iron

Oxidized 0.6-0.9 0.6-0.9 0.5-0.9

Unoxidized 0.05-0.25 0.05-0.25 0.05-0.2

Rusted 0.5-0.8 0.5-0.8 0.5-0.7

Molten — — —

Iron, Cast

Oxidized 0.65-0.95 0.65-0.95 0.6-0.95

Unoxidized 0.25 0.25 0.2

Molten 0.2-0.3 0.2-0.3 0.2-0.3

Iron, Wrought

Dull 0.9 0.9 0.9

Lead

Appendix

MI85

Polished 0.05-0.2 0.05-0.2 0.05-0.1

Rough 0.4 0.4 0.4

Oxidized 0.2-0.7 0.2-0.7 0.2-0.6

Magnesium 0.03-0.15 0.03-0.15 0.02-0.1

Mercury 0.05-0.15 0.05-0.15 0.05-0.15

Molybdenum

Oxidized 0.3-0.7 0.3-0.7 0.2-0.6

Unoxidized 0.1-0.15 0.1-0.15 0.1

Monel (Ni-Cu) 0.1-0.5 0.1-0.5 0.1-0.14

Nickel

Oxidized 0.3-0.6 0.3-0.6 0.2-0.5

Electrolytic 0.1-0.15 0.1-0.15 0.05-0.15

Platinum

Black 0.9 0.9 0.9

Silver 0.02 0.02 0.02

Steel

Cold-Rolled 0.8-0.9 0.8-0.9 0.7-0.9

Ground Sheet 0.5-0.7 0.5-0.7 0.4-0.6

Polished Sheet 0.1 0.1 0.1

Molten 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2 —

Oxidized 0.7-0.9 0.7-0.9 0.7-0.9

Stainless 0.15-0.8 0.15-0.8 0.1-0.8

Tin (Unoxidized) 0.05 0.05 0.05

Titanium

Polished 0.1-0.3 0.1-0.3 0.05-0.2

Oxidized 0.5-0.7 0.5-0.7 0.5-0.6

Tungsten 0.05-0.5 0.05-0.5 0.03

Polished 0.05-0.25 0.05-0.25 0.03-0.1

Zinc

Oxidized 0.1 0.1 0.1

Polished 0.03 0.03 0.02

Tab.10:TypicalEmissivityValuesforMetals

Appendix

86MI

NON-METALS

Material Emissivity

3.9 µm 5 µm 8 – 14 µm

Asbestos 0.9 0.95

Asphalt 0.95 0.95

Basalt 0.7 0.7

Carbon

Unoxidized 0.8-0.9 0.8-0.9

Graphite 0.7-0.9 0.7-0.8

Carborundum 0.9 0.9

Ceramic 0.8-0.95 0.95

Clay 0.85-0.95 0.95

Concrete 0.9 0.95

Cloth 0.95 0.95

Glass

Plate 0.98 0.85

“Gob” 0.9 —

Gravel 0.95 0.95

Gypsum 0.4-0.97 0.8-0.95

Ice — 0.98

Limestone 0.4-0.98 0.98

Paint (non-al.) — 0.9-0.95

Paper (any color) 0.95 0.95

Plastic, greater than

500 µm (0.02 in) thickness

0.95 0.95

Rubber 0.9 0.95

Sand 0.9 0.9

Snow — 0.9

Soil — 0.9-0.98

Water — 0.93

Wood, Natural 0.9-0.95 0.9-0.95

Tab.11:TypicalEmissivityValuesforNon‐Metals

Index

MI87

Index

Accessories 46

Accuracy 4

Air pressure 12

Air Purge 46

Air Purge Jacket 12

Ambient Temperature 12

Average 60

Control Panel 34, 59

Emissivity 5, 11, 12, 60, 80, 82, 84, 85

Loop impedance 19

Maintenance 60

Mirror 57, 80

Network 32

Noise 13

Optical Resolution 6

Power Supply 60

Repeatability 4

Response Time 4

Sensing Head Exchange 63

Spectral Response 4

Spot Size 14

Temperature Coefficient 5

Temperature Resolution 5

Thermal Shock 5

Transmission 5

Transmission 82

Troubleshooting 60

Valley Hold 60

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