Redline Communications AN100UA Wireless Access Base Station User Manual 70 00058 01 01

Redline Communications Inc. Wireless Access Base Station 70 00058 01 01

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RedMAXTM

AN-100U Single Sector

Wireless Access Base Station

User Manual

RedMAX™

Base Station

User Manual

Page 2 of 117

to Redline Communications Inc. This document may not in whole or in part be

copied, reproduced, or reduced to any medium without prior consent, in writing,

from Redline Communications Incorporated.

Contact Information:

Redline Communications Inc.

302 Town Centre Blvd. Suite 100

Markham, ON

Canada L3R 0E8

Web Site: http://www.redlinecommunications.com

Sales Inquiries:

North American: nainfo@redlinecommunications.com

Toll-free sales: 1-866-633-6669

International: intlinfo@redlinecommunications.com

Support: www.redlinecommunications.com/support/support_portal.html

Document Control:

70-00058-01-01-RedMAX_BaseStation_AN-100U_User-FCC-20070713a.doc

Disclaimer

The statements, configurations, technical data, and recommendations in this document

are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied

warranty. Additionally, Redline makes no representations or warranties, either expressed

or implied, regarding the contents of this product. Redline Communications shall not be

liable for any misuse regarding this product. The information in this document is subject

to change without notice.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Important Safety & Service Notices..................................................... 11

1.1 Safety Warnings ...................................................................................... 11

1.2 Important Warning Symbols .................................................................... 12

1.3 Frequency Selection................................................................................ 12

1.3.1 General................................................................................................ 12

1.4 FCC Notice.............................................................................................. 13

1.4.1 R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC Statements............................................. 13

1.5 Important Service Information ................................................................. 15

1.6 Information For Use In Canada ............................................................... 16

1.7 WEEE Product Return Process............................................................... 17

2 RedMAX Base Station Overview .......................................................... 18

2.1 Introduction.............................................................................................. 18

2.2 IEEE 802.16 / WiMAX Compliance ......................................................... 18

2.3 PHY Specification.................................................................................... 19

2.4 OFDM (256 FFT)..................................................................................... 19

2.5 Features .................................................................................................. 19

2.5.1 Privacy................................................................................................. 19

2.5.2 Time Division Duplexing (TDD) ........................................................... 19

2.5.3 Coding Rate......................................................................................... 20

2.5.4 Modulation........................................................................................... 20

2.5.5 Reed Solomon Error Correction .......................................................... 20

2.5.6 Time Synchronization.......................................................................... 20

2.6 Deployment Models................................................................................. 20

2.6.1 PTP Deployment ................................................................................. 21

2.6.2 PMP Deployment................................................................................. 21

2.6.3 Non Line-of-Sight................................................................................. 21

2.6.4 Channelization..................................................................................... 22

2.7 Service Flows .......................................................................................... 22

2.7.1 Service Flow Classification.................................................................. 23

2.7.2 Dynamic Service Addition.................................................................... 23

2.7.3 Default Service Flows.......................................................................... 23

2.7.4 Scheduling........................................................................................... 23

Real-Time Polling Service (rt-PS)........................................................ 23

Non-Real-Time Polling Service (nrt-PS).............................................. 24

Best Effort (BE) ................................................................................... 24

Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS)......................................................... 24

Traffic Scheduling Algorithm ............................................................... 24

3 Physical Description ............................................................................. 25

3.1 Base Station Terminal (IDU) ................................................................... 25

3.1.1 Mounting.............................................................................................. 25

3.1.2 Power Supply ...................................................................................... 25

3.1.3 Wireless Section.................................................................................. 25

IF Port (Radio Control) ........................................................................ 26

Time Synchronization Port .................................................................. 26

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Wireless LEDs..................................................................................... 26

Link LED ......................................................................................... 26

Signal LED...................................................................................... 26

3.1.4 Ethernet Section.................................................................................. 26

Data Port ............................................................................................. 26

Data Port LEDs ................................................................................... 27

Data Port Link/Act LED................................................................... 27

Data Port 100 LED ......................................................................... 27

Data Port FD/Col LED .................................................................... 27

Mgt Port............................................................................................... 27

Mgt Port LEDs ..................................................................................... 27

Mgt Port Link (Link/Act) LED .......................................................... 27

Mgt Port Act (100) LED .................................................................. 28

3.1.5 System Section.................................................................................... 28

System LEDs....................................................................................... 28

System Pwr LED ............................................................................ 28

System Fault LED........................................................................... 28

Reset Switch ....................................................................................... 29

3.1.6 Grounding Connection......................................................................... 29

3.1.7 Console Port........................................................................................ 29

3.2 Radio (ODU)............................................................................................ 30

3.2.1 Transceiver.......................................................................................... 30

IF Port.................................................................................................. 30

RF Port ................................................................................................ 30

3.2.2 Antenna ............................................................................................... 30

3.2.3 Antenna Mounting Bracket .................................................................. 30

4 Web Interface......................................................................................... 31

4.1 System Menu .......................................................................................... 31

4.1.1 Configuration Using a Web Browser ................................................... 33

4.2 Monitoring Screens ................................................................................. 34

4.2.1 General Info......................................................................................... 34

System ................................................................................................ 34

Management Port................................................................................ 34

4.2.2 Status .................................................................................................. 35

Wireless Status ................................................................................... 35

Interface .............................................................................................. 37

Status ............................................................................................. 37

Ingress............................................................................................ 37

Egress ............................................................................................ 38

4.2.3 SS Info................................................................................................. 39

SS Information..................................................................................... 39

SF Info................................................................................................. 40

4.2.4 Event Log ............................................................................................ 41

4.2.5 Auto Refresh........................................................................................ 42

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4.3 Creating Service Flows - Overview ......................................................... 43

4.3.1 Subscribers.......................................................................................... 44

Delete SS ....................................................................................... 45

Subscribers..................................................................................... 45

4.3.2 Service Classes................................................................................... 46

Service Class Configuration Screen.................................................... 46

Add a Service Class ....................................................................... 46

Delete a Service Class ................................................................... 48

View Service Class......................................................................... 48

4.3.3 Service Flows ...................................................................................... 49

Default UL/DL Service Flows.......................................................... 49

Add Service Flow............................................................................ 49

Delete SF (all associated Classifiers will be deleted) ..................... 52

Service Flows ................................................................................. 52

Service Flow Status Display ........................................................... 52

4.3.4 Classifiers............................................................................................ 54

Classifier Configuration Screen........................................................... 54

Add a Classifier .............................................................................. 54

Remove Classifier .......................................................................... 56

View Classifiers .............................................................................. 56

Classifier Table............................................................................... 56

4.3.5 Manage -- Save Provisioning Information ........................................... 58

Save Provisioning Configuration ......................................................... 58

Clear Provisioning Configuration......................................................... 58

4.4 Interface Configuration ............................................................................ 59

4.4.1 Wireless Interface................................................................................ 59

RF Parameters .................................................................................... 59

PHY Parameters ................................................................................. 60

MAC Parameters................................................................................. 61

4.4.2 Ethernet Interface................................................................................ 63

Configuration Buttons.......................................................................... 64

4.4.3 Management Interface......................................................................... 65

IP Parameters ..................................................................................... 65

DHCP Relay Agent Parameters .......................................................... 66

VLAN Management ............................................................................. 66

4.5 Admin Tools ............................................................................................ 67

4.5.1 Advanced Config ................................................................................. 67

Example: How Subscribers Use Backoff Settings .......................... 69

4.5.2 Software Upgrade................................................................................ 70

Upgrading Software............................................................................. 70

Active SW Selection ............................................................................ 70

Before Beginning the Upgrade ............................................................ 71

Upgrade Base Station ........................................................................ 71

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4.5.3 Backup and Restore............................................................................ 72

Backup and Restore Configuration...................................................... 72

Before Beginning a Backup................................................................. 72

Backup Base Station Settings ............................................................. 73

Restore Base Station Settings ............................................................ 73

4.5.4 System Account Management............................................................. 74

Add User......................................................................................... 74

Change User .................................................................................. 74

Delete User..................................................................................... 75

User Accounts ................................................................................ 75

5 CLI Interface........................................................................................... 76

5.1 Connecting via Telnet.............................................................................. 76

Telnet Logout ...................................................................................... 76

5.2 CLI Commands ....................................................................................... 76

5.2.1 Common Controls................................................................................ 77

5.2.2 debug................................................................................................... 78

5.2.3 interfaces............................................................................................. 79

5.2.4 ipAddress............................................................................................. 81

5.2.5 monitor................................................................................................. 82

5.2.6 reboot .................................................................................................. 82

5.2.7 set 82

5.2.8 show .................................................................................................... 83

5.2.9 softwareConf ....................................................................................... 85

5.2.10 softwareUpgrade ................................................................................. 85

5.2.11 user...................................................................................................... 86

5.2.12 wmanlfBs............................................................................................. 86

5.2.13 x509..................................................................................................... 87

6 Operational Notes ................................................................................. 88

6.1 Self-Provisioning Features ...................................................................... 88

6.1.1 Default Service Flows.......................................................................... 88

6.1.2 Pass-All Classifier................................................................................ 88

6.1.3 Automatic UL Filtering ......................................................................... 88

6.1.4 Host Learning ...................................................................................... 88

6.1.5 Generic 802.3 DL Classifiers............................................................... 89

6.1.6 DHCP Option 82.................................................................................. 89

6.2 Privacy Layer -- Encryption ..................................................................... 89

6.2.1 Overview.............................................................................................. 89

Authentication Using Digital Certificates ............................................. 90

6.2.2 Configuring Privacy ............................................................................. 90

X509 Root CA Certificates .................................................................. 90

Privacy Sublayer Settings ................................................................... 90

AN-100U Privacy Settings................................................................... 91

Subscriber Modem Privacy Settings.................................................... 91

6.3 Co-Channel Operation ............................................................................ 91

6.4 Interference Issues.................................................................................. 92

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6.4.1 Multipath Interference.......................................................................... 92

6.4.2 Calculating Receive Sensitivity (WiMAX Testing) ............................... 94

Overview ............................................................................................. 94

Sample Test for Subscriber Receive Sensitivity.................................. 94

6.4.3 General Interference............................................................................ 95

7 Troubleshooting .................................................................................... 96

7.1 Secondary Management Channel (SMC)................................................ 96

7.2 Time Synchronization.............................................................................. 96

7.3 Factory Default Settings .......................................................................... 96

7.4 Front Panel Diagnostics .......................................................................... 97

7.4.1 System LEDs....................................................................................... 97

7.4.2 Console Port........................................................................................ 97

7.4.3 System Reset Switch........................................................................... 97

7.5 Recovering a Lost IP address ................................................................. 97

7.6 Detecting Channel Interference at Startup .............................................. 97

7.7 Re-Ranging Log Message....................................................................... 98

7.8 Troubleshooting the Web Interface ......................................................... 98

7.9 Replacing the System Fuse .................................................................... 99

7.10 RF Troubleshooting............................................................................... 100

7.11 System Log Messages .......................................................................... 100

8 Appendices .......................................................................................... 105

8.1 System Technical Specifications........................................................... 105

8.2 Radio Types .......................................................................................... 107

8.3 Receive Sensitivity ................................................................................ 107

8.4 Throughput versus Distance ................................................................. 107

8.5 FCC Certified Antennas ........................................................................ 108

8.6 DC Power Connections ......................................................................... 109

8.7 Glossary ................................................................................................ 110

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Notices - R&TTE Community Language CE Declarations .................... 14

Table 2: Notices - R&TTE: Countries of Use (3.4 GHz & 3.6 GHz) .................... 15

Table 3: Notices - Canada: Approved Antennas................................................. 16

Table 4: System - Wireless Link LED Indications................................................ 26

Table 5: System - Wireless Signal LED Indications ............................................ 26

Table 6: System - Ethernet Data Port Link/Act LEDs.......................................... 27

Table 7: System - Ethernet Data Port 100 LEDs ................................................ 27

Table 8: System - Ethernet Data Port FD/Col LEDs ........................................... 27

Table 9: System - Ethernet Mgt Port Link LEDs ................................................. 27

Table 10: System - Ethernet Mgt Port Act LEDs................................................. 28

Table 11: System - Pwr LED Indications............................................................. 28

Table 12: System - Fault LED Indications........................................................... 28

Table 13: System - Front Panel Reset Switch .................................................... 29

Table 14: System - Console Port Default Settings.............................................. 29

Table 15: System - Console Port (RS-232) Pinout ............................................. 29

Table 16: Web: Base Station Screens and Access Control ................................ 32

Table 17: System - Default Service Flow Throughput......................................... 49

Table 18: System - Wireless Channel Reference RSSI...................................... 60

Table 19: System - Wireless Channel Selection (3.4 - 3.6) ................................ 61

Table 20: Web: Wireless - Adaptive Modulation Threshold Settings .................. 68

Table 21: CLI - Command Summary .................................................................. 77

Table 22: CLI - Root Mode Commands .............................................................. 77

Table 23: CLI - Interface Command.................................................................... 78

Table 24: CLI - Interfaces Command .................................................................. 79

Table 25: CLI - IP Address Command ................................................................ 81

Table 26: CLI - Monitor Command...................................................................... 82

Table 27: CLI - Reboot Command ...................................................................... 82

Table 28: CLI - Set Command ............................................................................ 82

Table 29: CLI - Show Command......................................................................... 83

Table 30: CLI - Software Upgrade Command..................................................... 85

Table 31: CLI - Software Upgrade Command..................................................... 85

Table 32: CLI - User Command .......................................................................... 86

Table 33: CLI - WmanlfBs Command ................................................................. 86

Table 34: CLI - x509 Command .......................................................................... 87

Table 35: Op. Notes - Co-channel C/I dB Measured Results ............................. 92

Table 36: Op Notes: Receive Sensitivity Tests................................................... 95

Table 37: Troubleshooting - Factory Default Settings......................................... 96

Table 38: Troubleshooting - Web Interface Diagnostics ..................................... 99

Table 39: Troubleshooting - RF Error Diagnostics............................................ 100

Table 40: Troubleshooting - Event Log Messages............................................ 100

Table 41: Specifications - RedMAX Base Station ............................................. 105

Table 42: Specs - Radios with 3.5 MHz and 7 MHz Channels.......................... 107

Table 43: Specs - Base Station Receive Sensitivity ......................................... 107

Table 44: Expected Throughput Decrease Over Distance (Kb/s) ..................... 107

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Table 45: Spec. - FCC Certified Antennas: 5.4 GHz Operation........................ 108

Table 46: DC Power Supply Cable Connections .............................................. 109

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Notices - WEEE Logo .......................................................................... 17

Figure 2: Intro - Base Station Terminal, Transceiver, and Antenna .................... 18

Figure 3: System - PTP Line of Sight Deployment.............................................. 20

Figure 4: System - Fresnel Zone......................................................................... 21

Figure 5: System - Non-Line of Sight Deployment.............................................. 22

Figure 6: System - Front Panel ........................................................................... 25

Figure 7: System - Front Panel Wireless Section................................................ 25

Figure 8: System - Front Panel Ethernet LEDs and RJ-45 Ports........................ 26

Figure 9: System - System LEDs and Reset Switch ........................................... 28

Figure 10: System - Transceiver and Antenna.................................................... 30

Figure 11: Web: Base Station System Menu ...................................................... 31

Figure 12: Web: Access - Browser Address Field............................................... 33

Figure 13: Web: Access - Base Station Login Screen ........................................ 33

Figure 14: Web: Monitoring - General Information Screen.................................. 34

Figure 15: Web: Monitoring - Status - Wireless Status Screen........................... 35

Figure 16: Web: Monitoring - Status - Wireless Statistics Screen....................... 37

Figure 17: Web: Monitoring - SS Info Screen ..................................................... 39

Figure 18: Web: Monitoring - SS Info - SF Info Screen....................................... 40

Figure 19: Web: Monitoring - Event Log Screen ................................................. 41

Figure 20: Web: Monitoring - Auto Refresh Screen ............................................ 42

Figure 21: Configuration - Service Class Screen ................................................ 44

Figure 22: Configuration - Service Class Screen ................................................ 46

Figure 23: Configuration - Service Flow Screen ................................................. 49

Figure 24: Configuration - Classifier Screen ....................................................... 54

Figure 25: Configuration - Save SF Configuration Screen.................................. 58

Figure 26: Web: Configuration - Wireless Interface Screen................................ 59

Figure 27: Web: Configuration - Ethernet Interface Screen ................................ 63

Figure 28: Intra-Sector Layer 2 Forwarding -- Internal Mode.............................. 64

Figure 29: Web: Configuration - Management Interface Screen......................... 65

Figure 30: Web: Admin Tools - Advanced Configuration Screen........................ 67

Figure 31: Web: Admin Tools - Advanced Config - Burst Profile Settings .......... 68

Figure 32: Web: Admin Tools - Software Upgrade Screen ................................. 70

Figure 33: Web: Admin Tools - Software Upgrade Screen ................................. 72

Figure 34: Web: Admin Tools - System Password Screen ................................. 74

Figure 35: CLI - Connecting via Telnet ............................................................... 76

Figure 36: Op Notes: OFDM Multiple Carriers .................................................... 93

Figure 37: Diagnostics: Base Station Front Panel View...................................... 97

Figure 38: Diagnostics: Base Station Power Supply Fuse Holder ...................... 99

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Chapter

1.1 Safety Warnings

1. Read this User Manual and follow all operating and safety instructions.

2. Installation of the antenna and modem must be contracted to a professional installer.

3. This product is supplied with a grounding power plug. Do not defeat this important

safety feature.

4. The power requirements are indicated on the product-marking label. Do not exceed

the described limits and do not overload wall outlets.

5. Position the power cord to avoid possible damage.

6. DC power supply connection warning:

DC Power Supply Connections: Warning to Service Personnel

Caution for all

AC and DC models: Double pole/neutral fusing.

Caution for all

DC models:

Units are not equipped with power switches and

activate immediately when connected to a power

source.

7. IF cable connection caution:

IF Cable Connection: Caution to Service Personnel

Connecting or disconnecting the IF cable connector when the base station is

powered-on may damage the base station equipment.

The base station provides DC power to the outdoor modem unit through the IF

cable. Installers must ensure that the base station indoor unit is completely

powered off before connecting or disconnecting the IF cable at the modem or

indoor unit. Technical service personnel must employ the same cautions when

bench-testing equipment prior to field deployment.

8. Do not place this product on or near a direct heat source, and avoid placing objects

on the terminal.

9. Do not operate this device near water or in a wet location.

10. Use only a damp cloth for cleaning. Do not use liquid or aerosol cleaners.

Disconnect the power before cleaning.

11. Protect the unit by disconnecting the power if it is not used for long periods.

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12. Locate terminal on a stable horizontal surface or securely mounted in a 19-inch rack.

13. The radio modem units must not be located near power lines or other electrical

power circuits.

14. The system must be properly grounded to protect against power surges and

accumulated static electricity. It is the user’s responsibility to install this device in

accordance with the local electrical codes: correct installation procedures for

grounding of the modem unit, mast, lead-in wire and discharge unit, location of

discharge unit, size of grounding conductors and connection requirements for

grounding electrodes.

15. The DC input source must be an isolated secondary DC SELV supply (60V DC

max).

16. This equipments must be installed in compliance with relevant articles in National

Electric Code-NEC (and equivalent Canadian Electrical Code CEC) including

chapter 8.

17. Keep all product information for future reference.

1.2 Important Warning Symbols

The following symbols may be encountered during installation or troubleshooting. These

warning symbols mean danger. Bodily injury may result if you are not aware of the safety

hazards involved in working with electrical equipment and radio transmitters. Familiarize

yourself with standard safety practices before continuing.

Electro-Magnetic Radiation High Voltage

1.3 Frequency Selection

1.3.1 General

Operation in the FWA band is subject to license. The radio power and channel frequency

selections must be set correctly before the installed system is allowed to transmit. The

installed system must comply with all governing local, regional, and national regulations.

Contact authorities in the country of installation for complete information regarding the

licensing regime and operating restrictions for that regulatory domain.

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1.4 FCC Notice

1. The Model AN-100U and its antenna must be professionally installed.

2. WARNING -- FCC RF Exposure Warnings

To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements for RF transmitting devices, a minimum

distance of 20 cm should be maintained between the antenna of this device and

persons during device operation. To ensure compliance, operation at closer than this

distance is not recommended. The antenna used for this transmitter must not be

collocated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

3. Operation is restricted to the 25 MHz band 3.650-3.675 GHz (restricted contention

based protocol for WiMAX devices).

4. FCC Information to Users @ FCC 15.21 & 15.105:

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A

digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to

provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is

operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can

radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the

instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.

5. Warning: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Redline

Communications could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.

6. Refer to section 8.5: FCC Certified Antennas on page 108 for a list of certified

antennas.

1.4.1 R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC Statements

Installation

The modem and antenna equipment must be installed by a qualified professional installer

and must be installed in compliance with regional, national, and local regulations. It is the

responsibility of the system installer and/or system operator to ensure the installed system

does not exceed any operational constraints identified by local regulations. Refer to the

product User Guide and Installation Guidelines document for detailed information covering

the correct steps to ensure power and frequency settings are set correctly before connecting the

antenna. Operation in the 3.4-3.6 GHz band is subject to license. Authorities within the

country of installation can provide information regarding the licensing regime and restrictions.

Community Language Declarations

The following table contains community language versions of informal statement in

accordance with Article 6.3 of Directive 1999/5/EC.

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Table 1: Notices - R&TTE Community Language CE Declarations

Danish Undertegnede Redline Communications erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr

RedMAX Base Station (model base station) overholder de væsentlige krav og

øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.

Hierbij verklaart Redline Communications dat het toestel RedMAX Base Station

(model base station) in overeenstemming is met de essentiële eisen en de

andere relevante bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EG.

Dutch

Bij deze verklaart Redline Communications dat deze RedMAX Base Station

(model base station) voldoet aan de essentiële eisen en aan de overige

relevante bepalingen van Richtlijn 1999/5/EC.

English Hereby, Redline Communications, declares that this RedMAX Base Station

(model base station) is in compliance with the essential requirements and other

relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.

Finnish Redline Communications vakuuttaa täten että RedMAX Base Station (model

base station) tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja

sitä koskevien direktiivin muiden ehtojen mukainen.

Par la présente Redline Communications déclare que l'appareil RedMAX Base

Station (model base station) est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux

autres dispositions pertinentes de la directive 1999/5/CE.

French

Par la présente, Redline Communications déclare que ce RedMAX Base Station

(model base station) est conforme aux exigences essentielles et aux autres

dispositions de la directive 1999/5/CE qui lui sont applicables.

Hiermit erklärt Redline Communications, dass sich dieser/diese/dieses RedMAX

Base Station (model base station) in Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden

Anforderungen und den anderen relevanten Vorschriften der Richtlinie

1999/5/EG befindet". (BMWi)

German

Hiermit erklärt Redline Communications die Übereinstimmung des Gerätes

RedMAX Base Station (model base station) mit den grundlegenden

Anforderungen und den anderen relevanten Festlegungen der Richtlinie

1999/5/EG. (Wien)

Greek ΜΕ ΤΗΝ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΑ Redline Communications ∆ΗΛΩΝΕΙ ΟΤΙ RedMAX Base

Station (model base station) ΣΥΜΜΟΡΦΩΝΕΤΑΙ ΠΡΟΣ ΤΙΣ ΟΥΣΙΩ∆ΕΙΣ

ΑΠΑΙΤΗΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΙΣ ΛΟΙΠΕΣ ΣΧΕΤΙΚΕΣ ∆ΙΑΤΑΞΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ Ο∆ΗΓΙΑΣ

1999/5/ΕΚ.

Italian Con la presente Redline Communications dichiara che questo RedMAX Base

Station (model base station) è conforme ai requisiti essenziali ed alle altre

disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva 1999/5/CE.

Portuguese Redline Communications declara que este RedMAX Base Station (model base

station) está conforme com os requisitos essenciais e outras provisões da

Directiva 1999/5/CE.

Spanish Por medio de la presente Redline Communications declara que el RedMAX

Base Station (model base station) cumple con los requisitos esenciales y

cualesquiera otras disposiciones aplicables o exigibles de la Directiva

1999/5/CE.

Swedish Härmed intygar Redline Communications att denna RedMAX Base Station

(model base station) står I överensstämmelse med de väsentliga egenskapskrav

och övriga relevanta bestämmelser som framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EG.

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Table 2: Notices - R&TTE: Countries of Use (3.4 GHz & 3.6 GHz)

Country 3400-3600 MHz Country 3400-3600 MHz Country 3400-3600 MHz

Austria 9 Hungary 9 Poland 9

Belgium 9 Iceland 9 Portugal 9

Bulgaria 9 Ireland 9 Romania 9

Cyprus Italy Slovakia

Czech Republic 9 Latvia 9 Slovenia 9

Denmark 9 Liechtenstein 9 Spain 9

Estonia 9 Lithuania 9 Sweden 9

Finland 9 Luxembourg 9 Switzerland 9

France 9 Malta 9 United Kingdom 9

Germany 9 Netherlands 9

Greece 9 Norway 9

R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC - Declarations of conformity are available at the following

web site address:

http://www.redlinecommunications.com/conformance/

1.5 Important Service Information

1. Refer all repairs to qualified service personnel. Removing the covers or modifying

any part of this device, as this voids the warranty.

2. Disconnect the power to this product and return it for service if the following

conditions apply:

- The unit does not function after following the operating instructions outlined in

this manual.

- Liquid has been spilled, a foreign object is inside, or the indoor terminal has been

exposed to rain.

- The product has been dropped or the housing is damaged.

3. Locate and record the serial number of the terminal, antenna, and modem for future

reference. Record the MAC address of the indoor terminal.

4. Redline does not endorse or support the use of outdoor cable assemblies: i) not

supplied by Redline, ii) third-party products that do not meet Redline's cable and

connector assembly specifications, or iii) cables not installed and weatherproofed as

specified in this manual. Refer to the Redline Limited Standard Warranty and

RedCare service agreements.

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1.6 Information For Use In Canada

WARNING: To satisfy IC RF exposure requirements for RF transmitting devices,

where an externally mounted antenna is employed in point-to-multipoint applications,

each antenna must be separated from all persons by a distance of at least 65 centimeters.

To ensure compliance, operations at closer than this distance is not recommended. The

antenna used for this transmitter must not be collocated in conjunction with any other

antenna or transmitter.

Usage of this base station is subject to license within Canada. Operation is restricted to

the 200 MHz band from 3.450-3.650 GHz. More information regarding licensing

requirements is available from Industry Canada (www.ic.gc.ca).

This device has been designed to operate with the antennas listed below, and having a

maximum gain of 17.5 dBi. Antennas having a gain greater than 17.5 dBi are strictly

prohibited for use with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.

Table 3: Notices - Canada: Approved Antennas

A11360EAO Omni Antenna: 360 degree, 11 dBi.

A1490MTS Sector Antenna: 90 degree, 14.5 dBi flat panel, vertical polarization.

A2014ARF Sector Antenna: 1 foot, 13.5 degree, 20 dBi, flat panel antenna.

A2408MTF Sector Antenna: 2 foot, 8 degree, 24 dBi, flat panel antenna.

PA14120EAS Sector Antenna: 120 degree, 14 dBi flat panel, vertical polarization.

PA14120EASH Sector Antenna: 120 degree, 14 dBi, flat panel, horizontal polarization.

PA1590EASH Sector Antenna: 90 degree, 15 dBi, horizontal polarization.

PA1660EASH Sector Antenna: 60 degree, 16 dBi, horizontal polarization.

PA1690EAS Sector Antenna: 90 degree, 16 dBi, vertical polarization.

PA1760EAS Sector Antenna: 60 degree, 17 dBi, vertical polarization.

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1.7 WEEE Product Return Process

Figure 1: Notices - WEEE Logo

In accordance with the WEEE (Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment)

directive, 2002/96/EC, Redline Communications equipment is marked with the logo

shown above. The WEEE directive seeks to increase recycling and re-use of electrical

and electronic equipment. This symbol indicates that this product should not be disposed

of as part of the local municipal waste program. Contact your local sales representative

for additional information.

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Chapter

Congratulations on your purchase of the Redline Communications model Access Node-

100U wireless broadband base station single sector base station. Redline

Communications is a world leader in design and production of Broadband Fixed Wireless

(BFW) systems.

2.1 Introduction

The RedMAX base station is a carrier class IEEE 802.16-2004 compliant wireless device

for deployment of point-to-multipoint (PMP) and point-to-point (PTP) systems.

Figure 2: Intro - Base Station Terminal, Transceiver, and Antenna

The base station consists of an indoor terminal (IDU) and outdoor modem and antenna

(ODU). Each operational RedMAX wireless broadband network segment is comprised of

a RedMAX base station and one or more WiMAX Forum Certified subscribers. Each

subscriber registers and establishes a bi-directional data link with the base station sector

controller.

The RedMAX base station is (part of) the 802.16 definition of a base station. A RedMAX

base station functions as a central hub or concentrator, connected to a WAN network

access point, and managing wireless links for remote subscribers. The RedMAX base

station enforces the Quality of Service (QoS) settings by controlling all uplink and

downlink traffic scheduling -- providing non-contention based traffic with predictable

transmission characteristics.

2.2 IEEE 802.16 / WiMAX Compliance

The IEEE 802.16-2004 specifications describe a PMP broadband wireless access

standard for systems operating in the frequency range of 2-11 GHz, and 10-66 GHz. This

standard includes descriptions for both the Media Access Control (MAC) and the

physical (PHY) layers.

The RedMAX base station is compliant to the following IEEE 802.16-2004

WirelessMAN-OFDM and WirelessHUMAN-OFDM Physical Layer Profiles:

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- ProfP3_3.5: WirelessMAN-OFDM PHY profile for 3.5 MHz channelization (Rel. 1.0)

- ProfP3_7: WirelessMAN-OFDM PHY profile for 7 MHz channelization (Rel. 1.1)

Note that the 802.16 standards are subject to amendment, and RedMAX product design

compliance applies to a specific revision of the standard. The RedMAX product does not

support mesh communication (direct subscriber-to-subscriber).

Redline is an active member of the IEEE 802.16 standards committee and has been

instrumental in creating the original 802.16 standards. Redline is also active in

recommending, writing and following-up on new amendments to the 802.16

specifications.

Redline is an active member of the WiMAX Forum™ and is participating in

interoperability testing in the WiMAX Forum.

2.3 PHY Specification

The base station is designed for 2-11 GHz operation based on the WirelessMAN-OFDM

PHY definition in the IEEE 802.16 specification. Refer to the system specifications for

supported frequency ranges.

2.4 OFDM (256 FFT)

The base station uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM is a

multi-carrier transmission technique where the data stream is split and transmitted (at a

reduced rate) in parallel streams on separate sub-carriers. OFDM uses the Fast Fourier

Transform (FFT) algorithm to implement modulation and demodulation functions. Using

adequate channel coding and bit-interleaving, OFDM can perform very well in severe

multipath environments, mitigate frequency selective fading and provide high spectral

efficiency.

2.5 Features

2.5.1 Privacy

The base station is hardware ready to provide encryption for user traffic. The MAC

header of 802.16 contains the information Encryption Control (EC), Encryption Key

sequence (EKS) , and Connection Identifier (CID) necessary to decrypt a payload by the

receiver. Protection of the payload is indicated by the EC bit field. A value of '1' indicates

the payload is cryptographically protected and the EKS field contains meaningful data. A

value of '0' indicates the payload is not cryptographically protected. The EKS field

contains a sequence number used to identify the current generation of keying material.

2.5.2 Time Division Duplexing (TDD)

The base station system uses time division duplexing (TDD) to transmit and receive on

the same RF channel, or using separate RF channels using half-duplex FDD (HD-FDD).

These are both non-contention based methods for providing an efficient and predictable

two-way PTP or PMP cell deployment. All uplink and downlink transmission scheduling

is managed by the base station. The base station sends data traffic to subscribers, polls for

grant requests, and sends grant acknowledgements based on the total of all traffic to all

subscribers.

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2.5.3 Coding Rate

Each burst of data transmitted over the wireless interface is padded with redundant

information, making it more resistant to potential over-the-air errors. The coding rate is

the ratio of user data to the total data transmitted including the redundant error correction

data. The base station supports coding rates of 1/2, 2/3, and 3/4.

2.5.4 Modulation

The modulation technique specifies how the data is coded within the OFDM carriers. The

base station supports BPSK, QPSK, 16 Quadarature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), and

64 QAM modulation.

2.5.5 Reed Solomon Error Correction

Outer Reed-Solomon and inward Convolution Coding (RS-CC) error correction is

enabled for all traffic rates, with the exception of BPSK 1/2 where only inward

Convolution Coding is used. These low-level processes can correct bursts of errors in

received messages and reduce the number of retransmissions.

2.5.6 Time Synchronization

When operating two or more collocated base stations, transmitter operations MUST be

synchronization to minimize inter-sector interference. Each base station has a

synchronization port located on the front panel to receive synchronization pulses.

2.6 Deployment Models

The base station supports point to point (PTP) and point to multipoint (PMP) deployment

scenarios.

Figure 3: System - PTP Line of Sight Deployment

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2.6.1 PTP Deployment

When deployed in a PTP configuration the base station establishes a dedicated bi-

directional link to a single subscriber. The PTP deployments typically use a directional

narrow beam antenna for both ends of the link.

2.6.2 PMP Deployment

When deployed in a PMP configuration the base station establishes bi-directional links to

more than one subscriber. PMP deployments typically use a wide beam (sector) antenna

at the base station and a narrow beam antenna at the subscriber. Service flows are used to

police service level agreements for each subscriber.

2.6.3 Non Line-of-Sight

The RedMAX system supports line-of-sight (LOS), optical line-of-sight (OLOS), and

non line-of-sight (NLOS) operation. A clear LOS link has no obstacles within 60% of the

first Fresnel zone of the direct path. An OLOS link has obstructions within 60% of the

first Fresnel zone, but a visible path exists between the base station and subscriber. Refer

to the following illustration.

Figure 4: System - Fresnel Zone

A wireless link is considered non LOS if natural or man-made structures block the visible

path between the base station and the subscriber. In this case, a wireless link can be

established only if a reflective path can be established between the base station and

subscriber.

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Figure 5: System - Non-Line of Sight Deployment

2.6.4 Channelization

The base station is a frequency-specific system, with the frequency band defined by the

modem unit. The use of the operating band must be in accordance with European

Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT)

Recommendation 14-03.

The base station divides the available frequency band into channels. Allocation of

channels during deployment is dependent on spectrum availability in the licensed FWA

band and local licensing requirements and conditions. Channel selection allows planners

to obtain the maximum geographic coverage, while avoiding frequency contention in

adjacent sectors.

2.7 Service Flows

Service flows are a key feature of the 802.16 standard.

A service flow represents a unidirectional data flow. Transmitting bidirectional traffic

requires that two service flows be defined: one for the uplink, and another for the

downlink. These service flows can have different QoS settings.

The base station allows multiple service flows to be configured for each subscriber in a

sector. This allows service providers to offer different services, and segregate traffic

flows having different QoS requirements.

A service flow is partially characterized by the following attributes:

1. A 32-bit Service Flow ID (SFID) is assigned to all existing service flows. The SFID

serves as the principal identifier for the Service Flow and has an associated direction.

2. A 16-bit Connection ID (CID) is associated with each active SFID (connection

active).

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3. A set of QoS parameters specifying the required resources. The principal resource is

bandwidth, but the specification may also include latency requirements.

4. A set of QoS parameters defining the level of service being provided.

2.7.1 Service Flow Classification

Data packets are forwarded based on classification rules. Classification rules require

examining each packet for pattern matches such as destination address, source address, or

VLAN tag. All classification is defined at the base station and the classification

parameters are downloaded to the subscriber.

2.7.2 Dynamic Service Addition

Service flows are defined and stored in the base station. For each service flow to be

established, the base station sends a setup message to the subscriber specifying the

required set of QoS parameters. The subscriber responds to each request by accepting or

rejecting the setup message.

A service flow may be pre-provisioned or can be dynamically created and deleted

without service outage. This is useful for supporting multiple subscribers in a single

sector. New subscribers can be added and existing subscribers can be removed or have

service levels modified.

Setup messages are sent by the base station following any subscriber power-cycle, loss

and recovery of the wireless link to a subscriber, or any service flow add/delete operation

at the base station.

2.7.3 Default Service Flows

Default UL/DL service flows are created automatically for each registered subscriber.

These service flows are used to pass all traffic not matching any user-defined service

flow (such as broadcast ARP) between the base station and subscribers. The default

service flow capacity is limited for each subscriber.

2.7.4 Scheduling

The base station enforces QoS settings for each service flow by controlling all uplink and

downlink traffic scheduling. This provides non-contention based traffic model with

predictable transmission characteristics. By analyzing the total of requests of all

subscribers, the base station ensures that uplink and downlink traffic conforms with the

current service level agreements (SLAs). Centralized scheduling increases predictability

of traffic, eliminates contention, and provides the maximum opportunity for reducing

overhead.

A regular period is scheduled for subscribers to register with the base station. These

subscribers may be newly commissioned or have been deregistered due to service outage

or interference on the wireless interface. This is the only opportunity for multiple

subscribers to transmit simultaneously.

Real-Time Polling Service (rt-PS)

The base station schedules a continuous regular series of transmit opportunities for the

subscriber to send variable size data packets. The grant size is based on the current data

transfer requirement. Typical applications include streaming MPEG video or VOIP with

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silence suppression. This is efficient for applications that have a real-time component and

continuously changing bandwidth requirements.

Non-Real-Time Polling Service (nrt-PS)

The base station schedules regular transmit opportunities for the subscriber to send

variable size data packets. Typical applications may include high bandwidth FTP. The

polling period may typically be one second or less, even during periods of network

congestion.

Best Effort (BE)

The base station schedules transmit opportunities for the subscriber to send traffic based

on unused bandwidth after all higher level traffic scheduling requirements are serviced.

Typical applications may include Internet access and email. Best effort service flows can

be assigned a priority of 0 to 7.

Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS)

The base station schedules a continuous series of transmit opportunities for the subscriber

to send fixed size data packets. This schedule supports real-time applications including

VoIP or TDM transport. The UGS pre-scheduled grants guarantee reserved bandwidth

and reduce latency introduced by repetitive grant requests. The service flow will not

transmit packets larger than nominal grant interval.

Traffic Scheduling Algorithm

The base station scheduling algorithm uses two scheduling passes. On the first pass, the

scheduler attempts to allocate bandwidth to meet the minimum rates for all active service

flows. If there is available bandwidth remaining at the end of the first pass, the scheduler

executes a second pass and attempts meet all specified maximum rates. During both

passes, bandwidth allocations are assigned based on the following order of assessment:

1. Priority of the scheduling service type, from highest to lowest (rtPS first, and then

BE).

2. Traffic Priority setting when multiple service flows have the same service type.

Wireless transmission bandwidth is optimized by granting allocations based only on

traffic available for immediate transmission: only the required bandwidth is allocated,

and idle service flow channels do not receive any bandwidth allocation.

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Chapter

3.1 Base Station Terminal (IDU)

This section describes the characteristics of the base station terminal.

Figure 6: System - Front Panel

All indicator LEDs, power receptacles, data ports, and the reset switch are located on the

front panel of the terminal. There is a ground terminal provided at the rear of the

terminal.

3.1.1 Mounting

The terminal can be freestanding on a flat surface, or mounted into a standard 19-inch

equipment rack.

3.1.2 Power Supply

Power supply options include single or dual AC or DC supplies, or a combination of AC

and DC power supplies. Cables are included with both AC and DC power supplies. Refer

to section 8.6: DC Power Connections on page 109 for additional information about DC

power wiring.

Warning to service personnel:

Caution for all AC and DC models – Double Pole/Neutral fusing.

3.1.3 Wireless Section

This section describes the wireless port, base station time synchronization ports, and

wireless LEDs.

Figure 7: System - Front Panel Wireless Section

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IF Port (Radio Control)

The terminal has a female N-type port for connection to the modem using a coaxial cable.

This port provides the following functions:

- Local oscillator signal for synchronization between the terminal and radio

- Telemetry signals for control and monitoring the modem

- IF modulated data to/from the radio (wireless interface)

- 24 VDC power to power the radio

Time Synchronization Port

The synchronization interface has two SMA female connectors located on the front panel.

Refer to section 8.6: DC Power Connections on page 109 for additional information.

Wireless LEDs

Link LED

The wireless Link LED flashes once every 8 frames to provide a 'heartbeat' indicator.

This indicates proper communication with the outdoor unit (ODU), and that the framer is

operating correctly. If this LED is not flashing, there is no possibility of establishing a

wireless link.

Table 4: System - Wireless Link LED Indications

LED State Description

FLASH Wireless interface enabled and functioning correctly.

OFF Wireless interface unavailable.

Signal LED

The Signal LED flashes each time a message is received from any subscriber. Message

types include: periodic ranging messages, bandwidth requests, and user data traffic.

Table 5: System - Wireless Signal LED Indications

LED State Description

ON Messages being received from subscribers.

OFF No wireless link activity.

3.1.4 Ethernet Section

This section describes the Ethernet LEDs and port connections.

Figure 8: System - Front Panel Ethernet LEDs and RJ-45 Ports

Data Port

The Data port is always enabled. The port can be programmed to operate in full duplex or

half duplex mode and at 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps.

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Data Port LEDs

Data Port Link/Act LED

The Link/Act LED lights green when the LAN connection to the host is functioning

properly.

Table 6: System - Ethernet Data Port Link/Act LEDs

LED Description

ON Link is present.

FLASH Link is present and there is data activity.

OFF Link is not active.

Data Port 100 LED

The 100 LED lights solid green when the terminal is operating at 100 Mbps. The LED is

off when operating at 10 Mbps.

Table 7: System - Ethernet Data Port 100 LEDs

LED Description

ON LAN is operating at 100 Mbps.

OFF LAN is operating at 10 Mbps.

Data Port FD/Col LED

The FD/Col LED lights green when the port is operating in Full Duplex mode. The LED

flashes when collisions are detected.

Table 8: System - Ethernet Data Port FD/Col LEDs

LED Description

ON Full duplex operation

FLASH Packet collisions detected on the LAN

OFF Half Duplex operation

Note: There are always collisions occurring on a Half-Duplex link.

Mgt Port

The Mgt port is used for out-of-band management and diagnostics. This port can be

disabled and management traffic sent through the data port.

Mgt Port LEDs

Mgt Port Link (Link/Act) LED

The Mgt port Link LED lights green when a link is established.

Table 9: System - Ethernet Mgt Port Link LEDs

LED Description

ON Ethernet interface is present.

FLASH Ethernet interface is present and there is data activity.

OFF Ethernet interface is not active.

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Mgt Port Act (100) LED

The 100 LED lights solid green when the Mgt port is operating at 100 Mbps. The LED is

off when operating at 10 Mbps.

Table 10: System - Ethernet Mgt Port Act LEDs

LED Description

ON Ethernet interface is operating at 100 Mbps.

OFF Ethernet interface is operating at 10 Mbps.

3.1.5 System Section

This section describes other general features of the front panel.

System LEDs

The System LEDs indicate power supply status and system faults.

Figure 9: System - System LEDs and Reset Switch

System Pwr LED

The Pwr LED lights green to indicate normal operation.

Table 11: System - Pwr LED Indications

LED Description

ON Normal operation.

FLASH One of the dual AC/DC power supplies is off.

OFF System is turned off.

System Fault LED

The Fault LED lights red when a serious fault is detected.

Table 12: System - Fault LED Indications

LED Description

OFF Normal operation.

FLASH Only one of the dual power supplies is

operational.

ON Serious problem with the system hardware. Refer

to the Troubleshooting section.

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Reset Switch

The Reset button is recessed in the front panel of the terminal. To operate the switch,

use a small narrow object (i.e., paper clip) to depress the switch.

Table 13: System - Front Panel Reset Switch

Operation Result

Depress switch

less than 5

seconds

Short-reset. A short-reset is equivalent to cycling the

terminal power off/on. Statistics counters are reset.

Depress switch

longer than 5

seconds

Long-reset. A long-reset sets the IP address and

password to the factory defaults. Refer to Troubleshooting

section.

3.1.6 Grounding Connection

A ground terminal is located on the rear of the terminal. Correct grounding is very

important for safe operation of wireless equipment.

3.1.7 Console Port

The console port requires a crossover (null modem) cable to connect directly to a PC

serial port emulating a VT-52 or VT-100 terminal. The following table lists the default

settings for the Console port:

Table 14: System - Console Port Default Settings

Baud 57,600

Data Bits 8

Flow Control None

Parity None

Stop Bits 1

The following table lists the Console port pinout and associated signals.

Table 15: System - Console Port (RS-232) Pinout

Pin Name RS232 V.24 Description

2 RXD BB 104 Receive Data

3 TXD BA 103 Transmit Data

5 GND AB 102 System Ground

Note: V.24 column is ITU-TSS V.24 circuit name.

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3.2 Radio (ODU)

3.2.1 Transceiver

The radio modem is housed in a weatherproof aluminum alloy case. The modem features

are listed in the following sections.

Figure 10: System - Transceiver and Antenna

IF Port

The modem has a female N-type port for connection to the terminal using a coaxial cable.

Through this port and cable, the modem:

- Sends/receives IF modulated data to/from the terminal.

- Transmits status information to the terminal.

- Receives control information from the terminal.

- Receives DC power from the terminal.

RF Port

The modem RF port (female N-type connector) is used for sending/receiving the RF

signal to/from the antenna. A short coaxial cable is provided to connect the modem to the

antenna.

3.2.2 Antenna

The antenna RF port (female N-type connector) is for sending/receiving the RF signal

to/from the modem. A short coaxial cable is provided to connect the antenna to the

modem.

3.2.3 Antenna Mounting Bracket

A vertical-mount bracket is provided with the system. The vertical mount bracket can

accommodate 4.45 - 11.45 cm (1 ¾ - 4 ½") OD masts found on many commercial tower

installations.

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Chapter

All configuration and monitoring functions can be performed using the web-based

interface described in detail in this chapter.

4.1 System Menu

When you login to the base station the General Information page is displayed. A menu

of all available monitoring and configuration screens is located at the left side of the

screen. Point and click any of the menu items in the menu to display the selected screen.

Figure 11: Web: Base Station System Menu

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The debug user has unrestricted access to all screens and controls. All other users have

restricted access. See the following table for details.

Table 16: Web: Base Station Screens and Access Control

Function Screen

Title

Guest

Access

Admin

Access

Debug

Access

Description

Monitoring General Info X X X View general system

information, Ethernet settings,

and wireless settings.

Status X X X View statistics for the wireless

interface, Ethernet data port,

and management port.

SS Info X X X View system information,

Ethernet settings, and wireless

statistics for active subscribers.

Event Log X X X View system activity and error

messages.

Auto Refresh x x x Select the rate to automatically

refresh the web screen.

Service Flow

Configuration.

Subscribers X X Summary of registered

subscribers.

Service

Classes

X X Define the set of service

classes.

Service Flows X X Define service flows based on

the service classes.

Classifiers X X Define classifiers for each

service flow.

Manage X X Activate service flows.

Interfaces

Wireless

Interface

X X View and modify RF, PHY, and

MAC settings for the wireless

interface.

Ethernet

Interface

X X View and modify the Ethernet

network interface settings.

Management

Interface

X X View and modify the IP and

DHCP network interface

settings.

Admin Tools Advanced

Config

X View and modify advanced

wireless interface settings.

Software

Upgrade

X X Upload new system software

and select the software version

to load at startup.

Backup and

Restore

X X Backup and restore

configuration settings using

remote FTP server.

Accounts

Management

X X X Add users and change system

passwords.

Reboot X X Reset the base station

terminal.

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4.1.1 Configuration Using a Web Browser

1. Set the IP address of your PC to the following settings:

IP Address: 192.168.101.110

Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0

2. Connect the host (laptop) computer directly to the Data port of the base station

terminal using an RJ-45 Ethernet (straight-through) cable.

3. Power-on the base station terminal and restore the factory default settings by

depressing the reset switch on the front panel for more than five (5) seconds.

4. Launch a Web Browser on the PC and enter the terminal IP address in the browser

address field (192.168.101.3). The General Information screen is displayed and the

operator can now login to the terminal.

Figure 12: Web: Access - Browser Address Field

Click on any configuration menu item to activate the login dialog screen.

Figure 13: Web: Access - Base Station Login Screen

Enter the default user name and password:

User Name: admin

Password: admin

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4.2 Monitoring Screens

This section describes the screens displaying system information and statistics.

4.2.1 General Info

Click General Information in the system menu (left side of screen) to view general

information, management settings, and the system front panel LEDs.

Figure 14: Web: Monitoring - General Information Screen

System

System Name: Assigned name for this base station.

Software Version: Current version of software running on the base station.

Radio Type: Identifies the modem type connected to this base station. Refer to the

Appendices for a list of supported radio types and designations.

Time Since System Start: Time elapsed since the base station was last reset.

Time of Day: Current date and time. Requires SNTP network server interface to be

enabled. Refer to section 4.4.3: Management Interface on page 63.

Management Port

Ethernet MAC Address: Base Station MAC address.

IP Address: Base Station network IP address.

IP Subnet Mask: Base Station network IP subnet mask.

Default Gateway Address: IP address of the default network gateway.

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4.2.2 Status

Click Status in the system menu (left side of screen) to view status information about the

wireless interface and Ethernet management interface. Values are updated according to

the screen refresh rate.

Figure 15: Web: Monitoring - Status - Wireless Status Screen

Wireless Status

CINR [dB]: Mean Carrier/(Interference + Noise) ratio. The CINR value is calculated and

displayed for each automatic screen refresh. The CINR measured by the base station is

based on the signal from the subscriber. Based on this value, the base station may request

that the subscriber change modulation rate.

Traffic Downlink [kbps]: Rate of traffic transmitted to subscribers.

BW Margin Downlink [kbps]: Downlink bandwidth available that can be scheduled by

the base station (based on the minimum traffic rate settings for all active service flows).

CRC Errors: Number of CRC errors detected on packets received from subscribers. This

counter is reset when an base station is rebooted.

Note: The CRC Errors counter in the SS Info screen is reset when a subscriber is

registered.

Air Interface Status: Status of the base station modem:

Enabled - Transceiver is operating normally.

Disabled - Transceiver is disconnected, disabled, or defective.

IDU Temperature [Celsius]: Internal temperature of the indoor terminal.

Power Supply Status: Display the status of the power circuits.

A-On - Terminal is equipped with AC circuits only.

D-On - Terminal is equipped with DC circuits only.

A-D - Terminal is equipped with AC and DC circuits.

Active DL Service Flows: Number of currently active downlink service flows.

DL SMC Rate [kbps]: Data rate for downlink channel.

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DL Bandwidth Usage [%]: Current usage of downlink channel.

Reference RSS [dBm]: The Reference RSS setting is the target value for average

Received Signal Strength (RSS) for subscribers RF signals received by the base station.

This target value allows automatic adjustment of the subscriber Tx power for optimum

performance with the minimum of RF interference. The suggested default setting for the

Reference RSS value is:

Channel Size Initial Setting

3.5 MHz -75 dBm

7.0 MHz -72 dBm

These are the suggested initial settings; adjustments to this target value must be made

based on the individual RF characteristics of each deployed sector. The RSSI value

(dBm) for each subscriber can be monitored using the base station SS Info screen (Web

interface). Tx power adjustments are based on a number of factors, and differences of up

to 7 dB may be observed between the Reference RSS setting and measured RSSI.

RF Tx Power [dBm]: Radio transmission output power level.

Traffic Uplink [kbps]: Rate of traffic received from subscribers.

BW Margin Uplink [kbps]: Uplink bandwidth available that can be scheduled by the

base station (based on the minimum traffic rate settings for all active service flows).

Registered SS's: Number of subscribers currently registered with the base station.

SC Synchro Status: Status of the base station time synchronization. Refer to the

RedMAX Base Station Installation Guidelines for complete details of the synchronization

feature.

No Synch - base station is not using synchronization.

Master with GPS Synchro - base station is Master and is synchronized to an

external GPS clock.

Master - base station is Master and is using internal clock.

Slave - base station is Slave.

Backup Slave - base station is Backup Slave and will assume Master operations if

Master is unavailable.

ODU Temperature [Celsius]: Internal temperature of the modem.

Fans Status: Display the status of the system cooling fans.

oneFanOn - A single cooling fan is operating.

twoFansOn - Both cooling fans are operating.

Active UL Service Flows: Number of currently active uplink service flows.

UL SMC Rate [kbps]: Data rate for uplink channel.

UL Bandwidth Usage [%]: Current usage of uplink channel.

Noise Level [dBm]: Indicates the noise level. This value is measured by sampling the

radio receiver input during idle periods (base station and subscribers are not transmitting)

and provides an indication of the average level of interference in the sector.

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Interface

The interface panel provides statistics for the wireless interface (802.16), the data

Ethernet port Data), and the management (Mgmt) Ethernet port. Select the desired

interface and Click Refresh to update the screen.

Figure 16: Web: Monitoring - Status - Wireless Statistics Screen

Interface: Click the arrow in the menu box to select the desired interface:

802.16 - Wireless interface.

802.3 Data - Data Ethernet port.

802.3 Mgmt - Management Ethernet port.

Clear: Click Clear to reset the statistics on the selected interface.

Refresh: Click Refresh button after changing the selected interface type, or anytime to

display the latest statistics for the selected .

Status

Speed: Current speed of the interface.

Operational Status: Display the current status of the wireless interface.

Up - Operational link to at least one subscriber.

Down - No operational links to subscribers.

Last Change: Time of the last change in the operational status or the wireless link.

Ingress

In Octets: Total number of good octets received.

In Unicast Pkts: Total number of received valid Ethernet frames with a unicast

destination address.

In Not Unicast Pkts: Total number of received valid Ethernet frames with a multicast or

broadcast destination address.

In Discards: Total number of valid Ethernet frames that are discarded due to lack of

buffer space. This includes both frames discarded at ingress and frames discarded at

egress due to priority and congestion at the output queues.

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In Errors: Total number of Ethernet frames that are discarded because of invalid Frame

Check Sequence (FSC).

Egress

Out Octets: Total number of good octets transmitted.

Out Unicast Pkts: Total number of frames transmitted with a unicast Destination

address.

Out Not Unicast Pkts: Total number of frames transmitted with a Multicast or Broadcast

Destination address.

Out Discards: Total number of valid Ethernet frames that are discarded due to lack of

buffer space. This counter is always 0 (all such discards are already counted in

InDiscards).

Out Errors: Total number of packets that were transmitted with an invalid FCS.

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4.2.3 SS Info

Click SS Information in the menu (left side of screen) to view system information,

Ethernet address settings, and wireless statistics for active subscribers.

Figure 17: Web: Monitoring - SS Info Screen

SS Information

Name: User-assigned name for subscriber. Click on the subscriber name (blue text) to

view the service flows settings and statistics.

IP: Secondary management channel (SMC) IP address for this subscriber.

Mgm: Indicates if the subscriber can be managed over the wireless interface. Refer to the

subscriber user manual for additional information about enabling remote management.

yes: The subscriber supports remote management.

no: The subscriber can not be managed remotely.

DL Mod: Modulation/coding setting for downlink channel.

UL Mod: Modulation/coding setting for uplink channel.

Min CINR: Minimum average CINR since system reboot.

Max CINR: Maximum average CINR since system reboot.

Curr CINR: Current CINR value.

UL CRC: Total number of CRC errors detected in transmissions from this subscriber.

DL CRC: Total number of CRC errors reported in transmissions to this subscriber.

RSSI: Received signal strength indicator value measured based on the signal received

from this subscriber.

Tx Pow: Transmit power of this subscriber.

Dist: Calculated distance from base station to subscriber (kilometers).

Refresh: Click Refresh to update the screen with the latest values.

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SF Info

Click the subscriber name listed in the SS Info screen to view service flow settings and

statistics.

Figure 18: Web: Monitoring - SS Info - SF Info Screen

SFID: Service flow identifier for this service flow.

Direction: Direction of service flow:

Downstream: Downlink traffic from base station to subscriber.

Upstream: Uplink traffic from subscriber to base station.

State: Current state of the service flow.

Active: Service flow is currently active.

Authorized: Service flow configuration has been saved but is not active.

Edited: Service flow configuration is being edited and is not saved.

Provisioned: Subscriber has been deregistered.

Rejected: Base Station was not able to setup the service flow.

Requesting: Base Station is attempting to setup the service flow.

Provisioned Time: Time elapsed since this service flow became active.

CS Specification: Classification type associated with this service flow.

802.3 Ethernet: The classifiers for this service flow are based on the combination of

the fields in the Ethernet packet's header.

IPv4: The classifiers for this service flow are based on the combination of the fields

in the packet's IP header.

802.1Q: The classifiers for this service flow are based on the combination of the

fields in the Ethernet packet's header and 802.1Q VLAN tag.

Enable/Disable: Indicate the operator selected status for this service flow:

Enabled: Service flow is manually enabled by the operator.

Disabled: Service flow is manually disabled by the operator.

Throughput Kbits/sec: Traffic throughput rate for this service flow.

Total Packets: Total packets exchanged with the subscriber (all service flows).

Reset: Click Reset to remotely reboot the selected subscriber.

Refresh: Click Refresh to update the screen with the latest totals.

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4.2.4 Event Log

Click Event Log in the menu (left side of screen) to view system activity and error

messages recorded by the terminal. Refer to section 0:

System Log Messages on page 100 for a list of system event messages.

Figure 19: Web: Monitoring - Event Log Screen

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4.2.5 Auto Refresh

Click Auto Refresh in the menu (left side of screen) to view and modify the periods used

to automatically refresh the listed web screens.

Figure 20: Web: Monitoring - Auto Refresh Screen

Status: Set the automatic refresh period (seconds) for the Status screen.

SS Info: Set the automatic refresh period (seconds) for the SS Info screen.

Event Log: Set the automatic refresh period (seconds) for the Event Log screen.

Change: Click Change to update the screen with the latest totals.

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4.3 Creating Service Flows - Overview

There are four steps associated with creating service flows:

Note: A service class can not be deleted until all provisioned/active service flows

referencing this service class have been deleted.

1. Create service class.

Each service class defines a set of QoS parameters that can be associated with a

service flow. Multiple service class definitions can be added to create a library of

service classes. By creating a set of standardized service classes, new service flows

can be added that conform to pre-defined service level agreements (SLAs). Each

service class definition includes traffic rates, latency settings, priority, and

transmission policy settings.

2. Create service flow.

All service flows are based on existing service class definitions. Separate service

flows are required for downlink and uplink traffic. Each definition requires

identifying the subscriber, flow direction, class of service, and the classifier type.

3. Define classifier.

A unique set of classifier rules can be defined for each service flow, depending on the

classification type (i.e., Packet, 802.3/Ethernet) selected when the service flow is

created. All associated classifiers are deleted when the service flow is deleted.

4. Activate

A new service flow is not activated until a classifier is assigned (click Add in the

Classifier screen).

If the target subscriber is registered a Dynamic Addition Session (DSA) session is

initiated. During a DSA session, the service flow is in Requesting state. If the DSA

session is successful, the state is set to Active. If the DSA session is not successful, the

state is set to Rejected.

If the target subscriber is not registered, the service flow request is stored until the

associated subscriber is registered. The subscriber registration triggers the activation

of all associated service flows.

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4.3.1 Subscribers

Click Subscribers in the menu (left side of screen) to view a summary of the subscribers

currently configured on the base station.

Figure 21: Configuration - Service Class Screen

Subscriber Index: Unique index number to identify this subscriber. This number is

generated automatically by the base station. The user can also specify an index number

(must be unique) when creating a new subscriber entry.

Subscriber MAC: MAC address of the subscriber. You must enter this information

when creating a new subscriber entry.

Subscriber Name: Enter the name for this subscriber. This reference is displayed when

managing service flows and classifiers.

Note: When upgrading from RedMAX v1.0 this field will automatically be populated with

the subscriber MAC address. The name is not imported from the subscriber (set using

SNMP or CLI).

Max Hosts Number: Enter the maximum number of MAC addresses to discover on the

Ethernet interface to this subscriber. Valid only if Learning Enabled=Yes.

Learning Enabled: The MAC learning feature allows the base station to automatically

learn the MAC addresses of up to sixteen hosts (devices) on the Ethernet segment

connected to a subscriber. The learning feature can be enabled individually for any

subscriber.

Yes: Auto-learning is enabled for this subscriber.

No: Auto-learning is disabled for this subscriber.

Only (up to) the first sixteen learned hosts are recorded. The subscriber and base station

do not use 'MAC aging' and each learned host address will remain in the learning table

until the subscriber is rebooted. Reboot the subscriber to clear the MAC address table and

discover the current active hosts.

Add: Click Add to create a new subscriber listing. This button is active only when a new

MAC address has been specified in the Subscriber MAC field. When adding new

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subscribers, the MAC learning feature is enabled by default and the host number is set to

one (1).

Delete SS

Subscriber: Select the name of the subscriber to be deleted.

Delete: Click Delete to deactivate and remove all classifiers and service flows for this

subscriber. The subscriber will be removed from the subscribers list.

Subscribers

Select: Use this field to select the name of the subscriber to be viewed, edited, or used as

a template for creating a new subscriber entry.

Template: Select a subscriber and click Template to display the current settings in the

upper portion of the screen. These settings can be modified and used to create a new

subscriber entry. Click Add to create the new subscriber entry.

Edit: Select a subscriber and click Edit to display the current settings the upper portion

of the screen. These settings for this subscriber can now be modified. Click Modify .to

save changes to this subscriber entry. You can not modify the index number for a

subscriber.

Important: Modifying an existing subscriber will cause the base station to delete and

recreate all service flows and classifiers for this subscriber.

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4.3.2 Service Classes

Click Service Classes in the menu (left side of screen) to view, add, or delete service

class definitions. The base station will guarantee the QoS parameters for service flows

created referencing this service class.

Multiple service class definitions can be created to build a library of service classes. A

service class can not be deleted until all provisioned/active service flows referencing this

service class are deleted.

Figure 22: Configuration - Service Class Screen

Service Class Configuration Screen

Add a Service Class

Service Class Name: Enter a name for this service class. The name can be any

combination of up to 30 letters and numbers.

Traffic Priority: Enter the priority to be used for service flows created using this service

class. The priority is relative only to other service flows on the same subscriber. The

value '7' represents the highest priority.

Note: This is not the Ethernet (802.1p) priority setting.

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Max. Sustained Rate (bps): Enter the maximum sustained wireless reserved rate. A

service flow created using this service class is limited to sustained transmission at this

rate (peak may be higher).

Min. Reserved Rate (bps): Enter the minimum wireless reserved traffic rate. T A service

flow created using this service class is guaranteed sufficient bandwidth for this rate.

Max Latency (ms): Enter the maximum latency allowed when forwarding packets from

the Ethernet port to the wireless interface. A service flow created using this service class

is guaranteed to have latency of less than or equal to this setting.

Fixed Vs. Variable Sdu Ind: Specify if all Ethernet packets are padded to the same

length.

fixedLength: All Ethernet packets is the same length.

variableLength: Ethernet packets is variable lengths.

Sdu Size: Enter the size for Ethernet packets. Enabled only if fixedLength is selected in

Fixed vs. Variable Sdu Ind field.

Scheduling Type: Select the type of scheduling service.

bestEffort: (BE) For applications that do not require a minimum bandwidth

allocation. Required settings are:

Max. Sustained Rate

Traffic Priority.

nonRealTimePollingServices: (nrtPS) For applications requiring variable-sized

SDUs transmitted at a minimum sustained data rate. Required settings are:

Traffic Priority.

Max. Sustained Rate

Min. Reserved Rate

realTimePollingServices: (rtPS) For applications requiring variable-size SDUs

transmitted at regular intervals. Required settings are:

Max. Sustained Rate

Min. Reserved Rate

Max. Latency.

unsolicitedGrantService: (UGS) For applications requiring fixed-length data packets

issued at periodic intervals. Required settings are:

Min. Reserved Rate

Max. Latency

Req Tx Policy: Check items to configure transmission policy features. Selecting a

control inhibits the specified operation:

noBroadcastBwReq(0): Do not broadcast bandwidth requests.

noPiggybackRequest(2): Do not piggyback bandwidth requests.

noFragmentData(3): Do not fragment Ethernet packets.

noPHS(4): Do not support payload header suppression.

noSduPacking(5): Do not pack multiple Ethernet packets in a wireless MAC packet.

noCRC(6): Do not attach the CRC field to the end of a Wireless MAC packet.

Add: Click Add to create a new service flow definition.

Modify: Click Modify to change the service class definition.

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Note: Changing a service class definition will interrupt traffic on referencing service

flows until they have become active again.

Delete a Service Class

Service Class Index: Select an existing service class.

Delete: Click Delete to delete the selected service class definition.

View Service Class

Service Class Index: Select an existing service class.

Select: Click Select to display the selected service class definition.

ShowAll: Click ShowAll to display all service class definitions.

HideAll: Click HideAll to not display any definitions.

CLsIdx: Unique index number assigned to a service class.

SC Name: Name of service class.

Traffic Prio.: Priority setting (relative to other service flows on the same subscriber).

MaxSTR: Maximum sustained traffic rate setting.

MinRR: Minimum reserved rate setting.

MaxLat: Maximum latency setting.

Fixed Vs Var.Sdu: Format for SDU.

Fixed: Variable length SDU's are allowed.

Variable: Only fixed length SDU's are allowed.

SduSize: Size of SDU (if fixed)

SchedType: Scheduling type for this service class.

ReqTxPol: List of enabled transmit policies. Number 4 (representing enabled noPHS)

will always be in the list. If a user, for example, checks noSduPacking checkbox then the

number 5 will also be in the list. Note that number 6 will never be in the list as the

noCRC checkbox cannot be selected.

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4.3.3 Service Flows

Click Service Flows in the menu (left side of screen) to view, add, and delete service

flows. Service flows provide the ability to set up multiple uplink and downlink

connections to each subscriber in a sector, and each service flow may be assigned a

unique service level category and separate QoS settings. A service flow is not fully

activated until at least one classifier is assigned.

Default UL/DL Service Flows

The default service flows are used to pass traffic not matching any user-defined service

flow (such as broadcast ARP) between the base station and subscribers. The default

downlink service flows can not be disabled. A single setting enables or disables (default)

the default uplink service flows for all subscribers in a sector.

Important: When dynamic MAC Learning is enabled (see 4.3.1: Subscribers on page 44)

the default uplink service flows must be enabled (see Error! Reference source not

found.: Error! Reference source not found. Error! Bookmark not defined.).

Table 17: System - Default Service Flow Throughput

Channel Max Throughput*

Downlink 64 Kbps (shared by all subscribers)

Uplink 8 Kbps (per subscriber)

*FIFO operation - all packets exceeding these rates are discarded.

Figure 23: Configuration - Service Flow Screen

Add Service Flow

Next Sfld: This identifier value is assigned to the next new service flow.

SS Name: Name of subscriber associated with this service flow.

Direction: Direction of service flow. Separate service flows are required for upstream

and downstream traffic.

Downstream: Downlink traffic from a base station to a subscriber.

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Upstream: Uplink traffic from a subscriber to the base station.

SC Name: Select the service class definition for this service flow.

Cs Specification: Classification type associated with this service flow.

802.3 Eth: The classifiers for this service flow are based on the combination of fields

in the Ethernet header.

802.1Q VLAN: The classifiers for this service flow are based on the combination of

the fields in the Ethernet header and 802.1Q VLAN tag.

IPv4: The classifiers for this service flow are based on the IPv4 IP header.

IPv4 Over 802.3: The classifiers for this service flow are based on the combination

of fields in the IPv4 header and the Ethernet header.

IPv4 Over 802.1Q: The classifiers for this service flow are based on the combination

of fields in the IPv4 header and the 802.1Q VLAN tag.

Important: Before using IP classification, the base station must be configured to

use the default uplink service flows. Refer to the CLI 'wireless' command settings

in section 0:

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debug

The debug command is used to view diagnostic information for the AN-100u base

station.

Table 23: CLI - Interface Command

Command Parameter/Description

debug dump - Save the information to the specified FTP server.

<Server> - IP Address of the Server to dump data to

<File> - File Name of the dump data

mode - Show/change the current debug mode setting.

level - <normal(0) | monitoring(1) | debug(2)>

server - IP address of the default FTP server for automatically

debug info dump upon system errors.

reset - Reset the DEBUG data structure content.

CrcErrors - absolute

SymErrors - absolute

DlSdus - absolute

UlSdus - absolute

DlMpdus - absolute

UlMpdus - absolute

DlSecMgm - absolute

UlSecMgm - absolute

DlDefaultSdus - absolute

UlDefaultSdus - absolute

Fpc - absolute

Bwr - absolute

Pgb - absolute

rxmode - Set to continuous receive mode.

show - Display DEBUG data structure content.

FrameNumber - RO -- MAC statistics;

Stations - RO -- MAC statistics;

UlServiceFlows - RO -- MAC statistics;

DlServiceFlows - RO -- MAC statistics;

DlUsage - RO -- MAC statistics;

UlUsage - RO -- MAC statistics;

CrcErrors - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

SymErrors - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

DlSdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

UlSdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

DlMpdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

UlMpdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

DlSecMgm - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

UlSecMgm - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

DlDefaultSdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

UlDefaultSdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

Fpc - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

Bwr - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

Pgb - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

Cinr - RO -- PHY statistics;

Rssi - RO -- PHY statistics;

Fofs - RO -- PHY statistics;

Corb - RO -- PHY statistics;

mac - Display MAC subgroup statistics.

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Table 23: CLI - Interface Command

Command Parameter/Description

phy - Display MAC subgroup statistics.

monitor - Enter into monitor mode, press any key to exit.

txmode - Set to continuous transmit mode.

interfaces starting on page 78.

Add (Modify): Click Add to create a new service flow definition using the current

settings. This button is also displayed as Modify after clicking the Template or Edit .

Note: Service flows can be activated only after the requested configuration is validated

and saved. See 4.3.5: Manage -- Save Provisioning Information on page 58.

Delete SF (all associated Classifiers will be deleted)

Service Flow Identifier: Unique index number of the service flow to be deleted.

Delete: Click Delete to delete the selected service flow definition (and all associated

classifiers).

Note: If the subscriber using this service flow is not currently registered, the service flow

is deleted immediately. If the subscriber is registered, a Dynamic Service Deletion (DSD)

session is initiated to delete the service flow. During the DSD session, the service flow is

in Requesting state. The service flow is deleted when the subscriber sends

acknowledgement or becomes deregistered.

Service Flows

Select: Select the unique index number for the service flow to display.

Template: Click Template to modify any field for the selected service flow. Clicking

the Edit button changes in the fields adjacent to the Modify button (top of screen).

Edit: Click Edit to change only the service class associated with this service flow.

ShowAll: Click ShowAll to display settings for all service flows.

HideAll: Click HideAll to hide the settings for all service flows.

Enable: Click Enable to enable this service flow (will be provisioned to active).

Disable: Click Disable to disable this service flow (will not be provisioned).

Service Flow Status Display

Left-click the mouse on the heading for any column to sort the table using that selection.

SFID: Unique index number assigned when this service flow was created. This number is

required when creating a classifier for the service flow (classifier configuration screen).

SS MAC: MAC address of the subscriber associated with this service flow.

SS Name: User-assigned name for the subscriber associated with this service flow.

Direction: Indicates the direction assigned to the service flow.

Downlink: The direction of data traffic is towards the subscriber.

Uplink: The direction of data traffic is from the subscriber.

SC Name: Name of the service class definition associated with this service flow (hover

mouse pointer over name to display service class index number).

Sf State: Current status of the service flow.

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Active: Service flow is currently active.

Authorized: Service flow configuration has been saved but is not active.

Edited: Service flow configuration is being edited and is not saved.

Provisioned: Deregistering a subscriber triggers the automatic transition of all

associated service flows to Provisioned.

Rejected: Base Station was not able to setup the service flow.

Requesting: Base Station is attempting to setup the service flow.

Provisioned Time: Time stamp of when an action was last performed on the service

flow. This time stamp is displayed in hours, minutes, and seconds (hh:mm:ss) relative to

when the base station was rebooted. If required, the absolute time and day of an event can

be determined using the Time Since System Restart on the General Information page:

Current Time - (Time Since System Restart - Provisioned Time)

Note: A value of '00:00:00' indicates that the service flow was created before the base

station was rebooted, and the service flow has not been activated.

Cs Specification: Classifier type associated with this service flow. Refer to section 4.3.4:

Classifiers on page 54 for supported classification types.

Enable/Disable: Displays the current state of the service flow:

Enabled: Service flow is provisioned by the base station.

Disabled: Service flow will not be provisioned by the base station.

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4.3.4 Classifiers

Click Classifiers in the menu (left side of screen) to view, add and delete service flow

classifiers. Any active service flow must have at least one active classifier. The 802.16

Service Flow can have multiple classifiers (classification rules). New classifiers become

active after clicking the Add button on this screen.

When multiple classifiers are defined for one service flow, the index number is listed in

the form X.Y where:

X == Service Flow index (SfId)

Y == Classifier index number

When a service flow is activated, the classifiers become active by default. A service flow

can have both active and inactive classifiers only when the service flow is already active

and new classifiers are added. New classifiers become active only after they are

successfully implemented on both the base station and the subscriber.

Figure 24: Configuration - Classifier Screen

Classifier Configuration Screen

Add a Classifier

To SFID: Select the index number of the service flow. Refer to the Service Flows

Configuration screen for a list of all service flows.

Priority: Check this box to set a priority for this classifier. When a packet can be

classified by more than one classifier definition, it is classified according to the classifier

with the highest priority setting. Enter a priority value from 0 to 255 (highest priority).

Packets are tested beginning with classifier definition having the highest priority value.

The packet is processed based on the first discovered match. If classifiers have equal

priority, the order of evaluation can not be predicted.

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DestMacAddr: Check this box to enable classification based on a destination MAC

address (downstream traffic from the base station). Enter the MAC address in the

adjacent field. When matched, downlink traffic is sent from the base station using the

associated service flow.

DestMacMask: Enter the mask value (hexadecimal) to be used with the destination

MAC address (DestMacAddr). Valid only if the DestMacAddr is enabled ( ). For

example:

1. A mask value of all ones (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) will match only the MAC address entered in

the DestMacAddr field.

2. A partially specified mask value will match a range of MAC addresses. For example, a

mask value of 01:02:03:ff:ff:ff will match all MAC addresses where the first 48 bits are

01:02:03. The DestMacAddr should be set to all zeros.

3. A mask of all zeros (00:00:00:00:00:00) will match all destination MAC addresses.

The DestMacAddr field value is not used.

Note: Only one classifier can have a DestMacMask value set to all zeros.

SourceMacAddr: Check this box to enable classification based on a source MAC

address (upstream traffic to the base station). Enter the MAC address in the adjacent

field. When matched, uplink traffic is sent from the subscriber using the associated

service flow.

SourceMacMask: Enter the mask value (hexadecimal) to be used with the source MAC

address (SourceMacAddr). Valid only if SourceMacAddr is enabled ( ).

Examples:

1. A mask value of all ones (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) will match only the MAC address entered in

the SourceMacAddr field.

2. A partially specified mask value will match a range of MAC addresses. For example, a

mask value of 01:02:03:ff:ff:ff will match all MAC addresses where the first 48 bits are

01:02:03. The SourceMacAddr should be set to all zeros.

3. A mask of all zeros (00:00:00:00:00:00) will match all source MAC addresses. The

SourceMacAddr field value is not used.

Note: Only one classifier can have a DestMacMask value set to all zeros.

EnetProtocolType: Check this box to enable classification based on the protocol

transported by Ethernet. Select Ethernet type from the list: Ethertype for Ethernet version

2 and 802.3 SNAP, and DSAP for 802.3 LLC.

EnetProtocol: Enter the identifier of the protocol transported by Ethernet. Valid only if

an EnetProtocolType is selected. Valid Ethertype values are from 1,501-65,536. Valid

DSAP values are from 0-169 and 171-255. For example, in order to allow IP traffic, set

EnetProtocolType to Ethertype and EnetProtocol to 2048 (0800 hex).

A list of Ethertypes can be found at:

http://www.iana.org/assignments/ethernet-numbers

A list of DSAP values can be found at:

http://www.ethermanage.com/ethernet/enet-numbers/ieee-lsap-list.html.

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Add: Click Add to save the classifier settings.

Note: Classifier settings are effective immediately when created.

Remove Classifier

Service Flow Identifier: Select an existing classifier to be deleted. The format is:

Service Flow ID. Classifier ID

Delete: Click Delete to permanently delete the selected classifier.

View Classifiers

SFID.ClsID: Identifiers for the selected classifier. The format is:

Service Flow ID. Classifier ID

Show: Click Show to display the setting for the service flow selected in the Service

Flow Identifier field.

ShowAll: Click ShowAll to display settings for all service flows.

HideAll: Click HideAll to hide settings for all service flows.

Classifier Table

SFID.ClsID: Identifiers for the selected classifier. The format is:

State: Current state of the service flow:

Active: Classifier is currently active.

Inactive: Classifier is not currently active.

Prio: Priority setting for this classifier.

DestMac: When displayed, classification is based on this destination MAC address.

Addr: Destination MAC address.

Mask: Destination MAC mask.

DestMac: When displayed, classification is based on this source MAC address.

Addr: Source MAC address.

Mask: Source MAC mask.

Enet Type/Prot: When displayed, classification is based on Ethernet protocol type and

protocol.

UserPri: Matching parameters for the Ethernet IEEE 802.1D user priority value

(Ethernet packets with 802.1Q encapsulation). A packet will match if the priority setting

is equal to, or falls between, the high and low range setting. Valid settings are zero to

seven (0 to 7).

Low: Lowest priority setting of range.

High: Highest priority setting of range.

VlanID: Ethernet packet 802.1Q VLAN tag. Valid only if Cs Specification is 802.1Q.

Ip Prot.: IPv4 specification. Valid only if the service class Cs Specification is IPv4.

EnetProtocol: When displayed, classification is based on this Ethernet protocol.

Tos: Matching parameters for the IP type of service/DSCP (IETF RFC 2474). An IP type

of service (ToS) packet will match if the "ip-tos" value, after the mask is applied, is equal

to, or falls between, the high and low range setting. Valid settings are 0 to 7.

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Low: Lowest priority setting of range.

High: Highest priority setting of range.

Mask: A logical 'AND' is performed using the mask and the "ip-tos" value before

testing for range.

SrcIp: Source IPv4 address. Valid only if Cs Specification is IPv4.

Addr: Source IPv4 address network mask.

Mask: Source IPv4 address network mask.

DstIp: IPv4 destination address. Valid only if Cs Specification is IPv4.

Addr: Destination IPv4 address network mask.

Mask: Destination IPv4 address network mask.

DstIp: IPv4 destination address.

Addr Mask: Valid only if Cs Specification is IPv4.

SrcPort: Source IPv4 address port. Valid only if Cs Specification is IPv4.

Start: Lowest port address in range.

End: Highest port address in range.

DstPort: IPv4 destination port address. Valid only if Cs Specification is IPv4.

Start: Lowest port address in range.

End: Highest port address in range.

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4.3.5 Manage -- Save Provisioning Information

Click Manage in the menu (left side of screen) to determine if there are unsaved changes

to the service classes, service flows, or classifiers.

Figure 25: Configuration - Save SF Configuration Screen

Save Provisioning Configuration

Save Provisioning Configuration: This screen indicates if there are unsaved changes to

service classes, service flows, or classifiers.

No Modifications Detected: There are no unsaved changes.

Modifications Detected: There are unsaved changes.

Save: Click Save to save all changes. Saving changes will copy all service class, service

flow, and classifier configuration data to non-volatile memory. When the base station is

rebooted, all unsaved changes to the service classes, service flows and classifiers are

discarded.

The Save button control is active only if there are unsaved changes to service classes,

service flows, or classifiers.

Clear Provisioning Configuration

Clear Provisioning Configuration: Clear all service flow configuration data.

Clear: Click Clear to remove all changes made since the last save.

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4.4 Interface Configuration

View and modify the base station settings for the wireless, Ethernet, and management

interfaces.

4.4.1 Wireless Interface

Click Wireless Interface in the menu (left side of screen) to view and modify the base

station MAC, PHY, and RF wireless settings.

Note: Changes to settings marked with a red asterisk (*) are only effective after clicking the

Save button and resetting the base station terminal.

Figure 26: Web: Configuration - Wireless Interface Screen

RF Parameters

RF DL Channel KHz: (*) Enter the channel frequency to use for all subscribers in the

sector. The setting is validated against the type of radio installed. The center frequency

setting can be made in steps of 250 KHz, and the center frequency setting must allow for

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the channel size and not exceed the granted frequency range. For example, when using a

7 MHz channel, the center frequency must be at lease 3.5 MHz inside the band limits.

Important: RF Channel Settings

Operation in the FWA band is subject to license. The radio frequency selections must

be set correctly before the installed system is allowed to transmit. The installed system

must comply with all governing local, regional, and national regulations. Contact

authorities in the country of installation for complete information regarding the licensing

regime and operating restrictions for that regulatory domain.

RF Channel Separation KHz: (*) Select the separation between channels (HD-FDD

radio only) where: UL Channel = DL Channel + Separation.

Tx Output Power dBm: Select the output power level (dBm) of the radio.

Important: RF Power Settings

Operation in the FWA band is subject to license. The radio power selections must be

set correctly before the installed system is allowed to transmit. National Interface

documents may identify a maximum output power for the wireless system, expressed in

terms of an EIRP level that must not be exceeded. The installed system must comply with

all governing local, regional, and national regulations. Contact authorities in the country

of installation for complete information regarding the licensing regime and operating

restrictions for that regulatory domain.

SS Tx Power Control Enable: Check this box to allow the base station to

automatically adjust the transmit power level of subscribers. When enabled, the base

station continually monitors the subscribers and adjusts the transmission power to

maintain a requested RSSI value.

Reference RSS: Select the target value for average Received Signal Strength (RSS) for

subscribers. The Reference RSS setting is the target value for average Received Signal

Strength (RSS) for subscribers RF signals received by the base station. This target value

allows automatic adjustment of the subscriber Tx power for optimum performance with

the minimum of RF interference. The suggested default setting values are indicated in the

following table:

Table 18: System - Wireless Channel Reference RSSI

Channel Size Initial Setting

3.5 MHz -75 dBm

7.0 MHz -72 dBm

These are the suggested initial settings; adjustments to this target value must be made

based on the individual RF characteristics of each deployed sector. The RSSI value

(dBm) for each subscriber can be monitored using the base station SS Info screen (Web

interface). Tx power adjustments are based on a number of factors, and differences of up

to 7 dB may be observed between the Reference RSS setting and measured RSSI.

Auto Rx Gain Enable: Check this box to enable automatic adjustment of the receiver

sensitivity.

PHY Parameters

Band Select MHz: (*) Select channelization type in accordance to 802.16 OFDM PHY

system profiles.

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Channel Size MHz: (*) Select the channel size. Menu selection is based on the type of

radio installed. Refer to the appendices for a list of supported radios.

Guard Interval: (*) Select the cyclic prefix.

MAC Parameters

Frame Profile: Configure the frame size and usage profile.

Frame Duration ms: (*) Select the wireless frame duration (ms). Selections are

based on the channel size. This setting affects the system latency.

DL Ratio %: Enter the downlink usage as a percentage of frame size. This setting

provides traffic shaping on the uplink and downlink traffic profiles.

The DL ratio is dynamic and can be changed at any time without reboot. The DL

Ratio setting in the Wireless Configuration page allows the selection between the

minimum and maximum values specified in the following table (based on Frame

Duration, Channel Bandwidth and Guard Interval settings):

Table 19: System - Wireless Channel Selection (3.4 - 3.6)

Frame Duration

(ms)

Channel Size

(MHz)

Guard Interval Lowest DL

Ratio (%)

Highest DL

Ratio (%)

5 3.5 1/4 58 75

1/16 50

7 1/4 30 80

1/16 25

10 3.5 1/4 26

1/16 25

7 1/4 85

1/16

Synchronization Mode: (*) Select the synchronization mode. Refer to the RedMAX

base station Installation Guidelines for details of the synchronization feature.

No Synch: Synchronization feature is disabled.

Master: This base station provides the master synchronization pulse for each

connected slave base station (without external GPS clock source).

Master with GPS Synchro: This base station is connected to a GPS clock and

provides the master synchronization pulse for each connected slave base station.

Backup - Slave: This slave base station acts as a backup if the master base station

fails to provide synchronization pulses. This feature operates with or without an

external GPS clock connection.

Slave: This base station synchronizes its operations to the synchronization pulse

received from the Master or Backup Master base station.

Cell Range km: (*) Enter the distance to the subscriber located the farthest distance from

the base station.

Disable RF: Click Disable RF to disable the modem output. This is for test purposes

only. The base station terminal must be reset to restore operation of the radio transmitter.

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Save: Click Save to save and apply the current settings. Settings not marked with a red

asterisk are effective immediately. Settings marked with a red asterisk (*) only become

only effective after resetting the terminal.

Cancel: Click Cancel to restore all fields to the last saved values.

Default: Click Default to change all fields to the factory values.

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4.4.2 Ethernet Interface

Click Ethernet Interface in the system menu (left side of screen) to view and configure

the front panel Data and Management (Mgmt) Ethernet ports, and the Intra-Sector Layer-

2 Forwarding (iSL2F) feature.

Figure 27: Web: Configuration - Ethernet Interface Screen

Management: Use this selection to choose which front panel Ethernet port accepts

management traffic.

Via Data port: The Data Ethernet port is used for data and local management traffic.

The Mgt port is disabled.

Via Management port: Only the Mgt Ethernet port is monitored for local

management traffic. Select this mode only when data and management networks are

physically isolated.

Data Port Settings: This setting controls the speed of the Ethernet Data port.

Auto Detect: Auto-negotiate the speed and duplex.

10 Mbps Half Duplex: Operate at 10Base-T half duplex mode only.

10 Mbps Full Duplex: Operate at 10Base-T full duplex mode only.

100 Mbps Half Duplex: Operate at 100Base-T half duplex mode only.

100 Mbps Full Duplex: Operate at 100Base-T full duplex mode only.

Management Port Settings: This setting controls the speed of the Ethernet Management

port.

Auto Detect: Auto-negotiate the speed and duplex.

10 Mbps Half Duplex: Operate at 10Base-T half duplex mode only.

10 Mbps Full Duplex: Operate at 10Base-T full duplex mode only.

100 Mbps Half Duplex: Operate at 100Base-T half duplex mode only.

100 Mbps Full Duplex: Operate at 100Base-T full duplex mode only.

Intra-Sector L2 Forwarding: This feature supports layer 2 network connectivity

between subscribers in a single sector. This capability is also referred to as layer 2 hair-

pinning.

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Disabled Mode: When the Intra-Sector L2 Forwarding feature is disabled, the base

station will not forward traffic between subscribers (hair pinning) or accept traffic

resubmitted to the Ethernet port by an external switch.

External Mode: When external mode selected, the base station will accept traffic

resubmitted to the Ethernet port. This permits an external switch to forward traffic

between hosts located behind subscribers in the same sector.

Internal Mode: When internal mode is enabled, the base station classifies and

forwards traffic between hosts located behind subscribers in the same sector (hair

pinning) without requiring an external switch. Affected traffic is resubmitted directly

to the wireless interface MAC.

Figure 28: Intra-Sector Layer 2 Forwarding -- Internal Mode

Configuration Buttons

Save: Click Save to apply and permanently save the displayed settings.

Cancel: Click Cancel to restore displayed settings to the last saved values.

Default: Click Default to change all displayed settings to the factory default values.

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4.4.3 Management Interface

Click Management Interface in the system menu (left side of screen) to view and edit

the IP address and DHCP settings.

Figure 29: Web: Configuration - Management Interface Screen

IP Parameters

Obtain IP Parameters from DHCP Server: Select this option to have the base station

obtain its IP address from a DHCP server.

Use the following IP Parameters: Select this option to manually enter the following IP

parameters:

IP Address: Enter the static base station network IP address.

Subnet Mask: Enter the base station subnet address mask.

Default Gateway: Enter the IP address of the default gateway on the local Ethernet

segment.

Time Server (SNTP): Enter the IP address of the SNTP server.

Use the following checklist to ensure correct display options:

1. Time server must be compatible with SNTP (RFC-2030)

2. Ensure the time zone is correct for your area.

3. If you are in an area that observes daylight savings time, check the box.

Time Zone: Enter the time offset from GMT (hours).

Daylight Savings: Check this box to enable automatic time change for daylight

savings.

Syslog Server: Enter the IP address of the Syslog server to enable this feature.

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Refresh: Click Refresh Time to poll the time server for the current time.

DHCP Relay Agent Parameters

The subscriber can obtain an IP address from the DHCP server only through an base

station acting as a DHCP Relay Agent. A subscriber can not obtain an IP address from

any DHCP server on the network segment connected to its local Ethernet port. The base

station (acting as a DHCP Relay Agent) can be configured for two different modes:

SS-s should use the same DHCP Server as SC: Select this option to have the base

station forward all subscriber DHCP requests to the DHCP server that the base station

used to obtain its IP address (valid only if field Obtain IP Parameters from DHCP Server

is enabled above).

SS-s should use the following DHCP Server: Select this option to specify the DHCP

server to be used by subscribers.

DHCP Server: Specify the IP address of a DHCP server. The base station forwards

all subscriber DHCP requests to this address.

It important to configure the correct lease options on your DHCP Server:

a) The base station requires option 4, the address of a ToD Server (RFC-868).

b) If you do not wish your devices to display GMT, you must add option 2 (Time Offset).

This is a value denoting the number of seconds to offset your time from GMT. For

example, for the offset of +2 hours you should enter 7200 (some DHCP servers may

require entering hexadecimal value). In North America, EST is -5 hours (-18000 seconds)

from GMT and the negative value must be entered.

Important: The base station must be rebooted to activate changes to the DHCP Relay

Agent settings.

VLAN Management

Enable Management with VLAN Tagged Traffic: Check this box to enable

management using VLAN tagged traffic for the SM CID. This setting is used to

configure tagged management for operation in systems where a single VLAN is used to

control the base station wireless equipment and the user equipment. After enabling this

setting, only traffic with the specified VID is recognized for any management commands.

This setting does not effect operation of the RS-232 Console port.

VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID. Only traffic tagged with this VLAN ID is recognized by

the sector controller management process.

Important: The VLAN network support should be verified before enabling this feature.

If the base station is not reachable using the VLAN tagged traffic, the Console port

(RS-232) CLI command must be used to disable this setting.

Save: Click Save to save and apply the current settings.

Cancel: Click Cancel to discard all changes and return to the main screen.

Default: Click Default to set all settings to the factory default settings.

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4.5 Admin Tools

The following screens are used to configure the network settings, passwords, and to

download software updates to the base station.

4.5.1 Advanced Config

Click Advanced Config in the menu (left side of screen) to view and modify MAC

settings for modulation thresholds, and backoff settings. Changes to settings marked with

a red asterisk (*) are only effective after clicking the Save button and rebooting the

terminal. This screen has a separate user name and password.

Note: You must login as 'debug' user to access the Advanced Configuration screen.

Figure 30: Web: Admin Tools - Advanced Configuration Screen

Adaptive Modulation Enable: Check this box to enable adaptive modulation.

Enabling this control disables the default modulation settings.

Default DL Modulation: Select the default modulation and coding rate for the downlink

channel. This value is used only when Adaptive Modulation is disabled. When Adaptive

Modulation is disabled the base station will transmit data only using the selected

modulation/coding.

Default UL Modulation: Select the default modulation and coding rate for the uplink

channel. This value is used only when Adaptive Modulation is disabled. When Adaptive

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Modulation is disabled the base station will receive data from subscribers only using the

selected modulation/coding.

Thresholds: Enter the adaptive modulation threshold values (dB) for each modulation

(based on measured CINR). The values are used only when Adaptive modulation is

enabled. There are two entry fields for each threshold setting (row):

- Minimum Entry Threshold (right column)

- Mandatory Exit Threshold (left column)

The modulation/coding is decreased by one step under the following conditions:

1. CINR drops below the exit threshold of the current CINR

2. CINR is between the entry threshold and exit threshold of the current UIUC and CRC

errors are detected in the uplink channel

Settings must be adjusted to match the characteristics of each deployment. Refer to the

following table for recommended threshold settings. These are applicable for independent

sector operation. Co-channel sector deployment in a cell may require further optimization

of the Adaptive Modulation settings.

Table 20: Web: Wireless - Adaptive Modulation Threshold Settings

64QAM 3/4 => 64QAM 2/3 23.25 dBm 64QAM 3/4 <= 64QAM 2/3 24 dBm

64QAM 2/3 => 16QAM 3/4 21.75 dBm 64QAM 2/3 <= 16QAM 3/4 22.5 dBm

16QAM 3/4 => 16QAM 1/2 18 dBm 16QAM 3/4 <= 16QAM 1/2 18.375 dBm

16QAM 1/2 => QPSK 3/4 15 dBm 16QAM 1/2 <= QPSK 3/4 15.75 dBm

QPSK 3/4 => QPSK 1/2 11.625 dBm QPSK 3/4 <= QPSK 1/2 12 dBm

QPSK 1/2 => BPSK 1/2 6.75 dBm QPSK 1/2 <= BPSK 1/2 7.5 dBm

Figure 31: Web: Admin Tools - Advanced Config - Burst Profile Settings

Backoff: Specify ranging and contention periods.

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Backoff settings are used when a subscribers experience collisions during link

establishment or while competing for additional bandwidth. The entered value represents

the binary exponent of the number of 'opportunities' to wait before responding to a base

station registration poll or a bandwidth request opportunity.

It is recommended to not change the Backoff values. Changes to these settings can

severely impact performance of the wireless link. Click the Default button in the

Advanced Config menu to restore the factory backoff settings.

Ranging Backoff Start: Enter the starting backoff window size for initial ranging

contention.

Ranging Backoff End: Enter the final backoff window size for initial ranging

contention.

Request Backoff Start: Enter the starting backoff window size for contention during

bandwidth requests.

Request Backoff End: Enter the final backoff window size for contention during

bandwidth requests.

Save: Click Save to apply and save the displayed settings. Changes to settings marked

with a red asterisk (*) are effective only after the base station is rebooted.

Cancel: Click Cancel to discard all changes and return to the main screen.

Default: Click Default to set all settings to the factory default settings.

Example: How Subscribers Use Backoff Settings

When a subscriber detects a collision during a registration attempt, the subscriber will use

a retry strategy to avoid repeating the collision. Consider the effects of the following

settings:

Ranging Backoff Start = 2

Ranging Backoff end = 4

Following a collision, the subscriber will skip between zero and four registration

opportunities (2Ranging Backoff Start). If the subscriber detects a collision during the retry, it

will skip a random number, between zero and eight registration opportunities (2Ranging

Backoff Start+1). If a third collision is experienced, the subscriber will skip between zero and

sixteen registration opportunities (2Ranging Backoff End). If a fourth collision is detected, the

process repeats as for the first detected collision.

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4.5.2 Software Upgrade

Click Software Upgrade in the menu (left side of screen) to upload a new system

software image from a remote server. The terminal contains two non-volatile RAM banks

for storing the software. Each upload overwrites the standby (unselected) bank.

Figure 32: Web: Admin Tools - Software Upgrade Screen

Upgrading Software

Protocol: Select the type of server:

FTP: Use File Transfer Protocol for file upload.

TFTP: Use Trivial File Transfer Protocol for file upload. TFTP is not available in the

current software version.

Server IP Address: Enter the FTP server network address.

User: Enter the username of a user that is defined on the FTP server and has sufficient

access rights to the base station software image file.

Password: Enter the password for the username entered in the User field above.

File Path: Enter the path and name of the system software image to upload. It is strongly

recommended to copy the binary files to the default file directory for the FTP server and

to specify only the file name in this field.

Status: Monitors the software upload operation.

Start Upgrade: Click Start Upgrade to begin the software upload.

Active SW Selection

Version: Select the software image to load on the next system reset.

Status: Monitors the system upgrade operation.

Apply&Reset: Click Apply&Reset to save the current version selection.

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Before Beginning the Upgrade

Use the following procedures to upgrade the base station.

The following items must be addressed before beginning the upgrade:

1. You must obtain the latest base station binary files. You must copy the binary files

into the default file location for the FTP server. You can not specify a 'path' in the

upgrade dialog.

2. The base station performs all software upgrades using an FTP server:

a) The FTP server must be located on the network connected to an active

Ethernet port (Data or Mgmt) on the base station.

b) The FTP server must have a user defined as follows:

username: target

password: secret

Upgrade Base Station

1. Start a Web browser session to the base station and login. The factory default

settings are as follows:

Password: admin

2. Click Software Upgrade in the left-hand menu and make the following settings:

Protocol: FTP

Server IP address: [enter address of FTP server]

User: target

Password: secret

File Path: [Enter binary file name -- including .bin extension]

3. Click Upgrade button and wait for the base station to download and save the binary

file. This process may take a few minutes. Progress is indicated in the Status field.

The Status Screen displays 'Update OK' when the upgrade is complete.

4. In the Software Upgrade screen, Click radio to select the new version of software.

Click Apply&Reset to activate the new software. Click Yes in the confirmation

dialog.

Note: When the base station is reset, all traffic stops for about 30 seconds and then

resumes as the subscribers are registered.

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4.5.3 Backup and Restore

Click Backup and Restore in the menu (left side of screen) to manage the base station

saved settings. The configuration settings for the active and alternate software loads can

be saved to a network server reachable by the base station. Configuration files saved on a

remote server can be used to restore settings on a base station.

Figure 33: Web: Admin Tools - Software Upgrade Screen

Backup and Restore Configuration

FTP Server IP Address: Enter the FTP server network address.

User Name: Enter the username of an account on the FTP server. This user must have

access rights to read and write files on the server.

Password: Enter the password for the user account.

File Name: Enter the path and file name of the configuration file to save or read.

When performing a backup, it is strongly recommended to use the default file

directory for the FTP server and enter only the file name in this field. It is also

recommended to specify a file name that includes the date and software revision.

Select Configuration:

Active: Save/restore the saved configuration for the active software load.

Alternate: Save/restore the saved configuration for the inactive software load.

Status: Displays status messages for the current operation.

Start Backup: Click Start Backup to save the selected settings (Active/Alternate).

Start Restore: Click Start Restore to restore the selected settings (Active/Alternate).

Before Beginning a Backup

The following items must be addressed before beginning the backup:

1. The settings to be saved on a remote server must be saved in the memory bank

associated with the software binary file. To be sure that all current settings are saved:

a) Click Manage in the menu (left side of screen) and click Save to save all

changes (if button is active).

b) Click Manage in the menu (left side of screen) and click Save to save all

changes (if button is active).

2. The base station performs all software upgrades using an FTP server:

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a) The FTP server must be located on the network connected to an active Ethernet

port (Data or Mgmt) on the base station.

b) The FTP server must have a user account with read/write privileges.

Backup Base Station Settings

Use the following steps to backup the base station settings:

1. Start a Web browser session to the base station and login. The factory default

settings are as follows:

Password: admin

2. Click Backup and Restore in the menu and make the following settings:

User Name: Enter the username of a user that is defined on the FTP server and has

sufficient access rights to the read and write files.

Password: Enter the password for the user account.

File Name: Enter the path and name of the file to save.

When performing a backup, it is strongly recommended to use the default file

directory for the FTP server and enter only the file name in this field. It is also

recommended to specify a file name that includes the date and software revision.

Select Configuration: Select Active or Alternate.

3. Click Start Backup and wait for the base station to transfer the configuration file.

This process may take a few minutes and progress is indicated in the Status field.

Restore Base Station Settings

Use the following steps to restore the base station settings:

1. Start a Web browser session to the base station and login. The factory default

settings are as follows:

Password: admin

2. Click Backup and Restore in the menu and make the following settings:

User Name: Enter the username of a user that is defined on the FTP server and has

sufficient access rights to the read and write files.

Password: Enter the password for the user account.

File Name: Enter the path and name of the file to be restored.

Select Configuration: Select Active or Alternate.

3. Click

Start Restore and wait for the base station to transfer the configuration file.

This process may take a few minutes and progress is indicated in the Status field.

4. If the restore operation was successful, and the destination was the Active memory

bank, the base station is automatically rebooted. When the base station is rebooted,

all traffic stops for about 30 seconds and then resumes as the subscribers are

registered.

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4.5.4 System Account Management

Click Accounts Management in the menu (left side of screen) to change the system

access password.

Figure 34: Web: Admin Tools - System Password Screen

Add User

Group: Select the group for this account.

Admin: This account user is an administrator.

Guest: This account user is a guest.

Name: Enter the name for this account.

New Password: Enter a new password.

Confirm Password: Re-enter the new password.

Your Password: Enter your login password.

Add: Click Add to create a new account using these settings.

Change User

Group: To change the group for this account, check this box and select a new group.

Admin: This account user is an administrator.

Guest: This account user is a guest.

Name: Select the name of an existing account to change.

New Password: To change the password for this account, check this box and enter a

new password for this account.

Confirm Password: If changing the password, re-enter the new password in this field.

Your Password: Enter your login password.

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Change: Click Change to create a new account using these settings.

Delete User

Name: Select the name of an existing account to be deleted.

Your Password: Enter your login password.

Delete: Click Delete to create a new account using these settings.

User Accounts

Old Password: Enter the current password.

New Password: Enter a new password.

Confirm Password: Re-enter the new password.

Your Password: Enter your login password.

Change: Click Change to save and apply changes.

Note: To delete an administrator account, you must login using another administrator

account. To delete an administrator account: 1) change the account to be deleted to type

'guest', 2) delete the account.

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Chapter

The base station can be configured and monitored using the command line interface

(CLI) commands. This section describes the procedures for configuring and operating the

base station using the CLI over a Telnet connection.

5.1 Connecting via Telnet

To connect to the base station, open a Telnet session to the IP address of the base station

(default address is 192.168.101.3).

Figure 35: CLI - Connecting via Telnet

When the command prompt screen appears, login using the following (factory default) :

Username: admin

Password: admin

The base station may now be controlled using a set of CLI commands.

Telnet Logout

Exit from a CLI session by typing:

logout ENTER

The system will logout users automatically if no commands are received (idle) for five

minutes.

5.2 CLI Commands

The system defaults to root mode when you login to the base station. The following table

lists all base station specific commands available in root mode. All commands are case-

sensitive.

The following table lists commands available in the root directory. These commands are

described in detail in the following sections.

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Table 21: CLI - Command Summary

Command Description

debug* Intermediate node for debugging commands

defaultSF* Temporarily enable or disable default uplink service flows

diagStatistics* Access the Diagnostic Status data structure

interfaces View and configure the data and management Ethernet ports

ipAddress View and configure the IP address data structure

logout Exit from Command Line Interface

monitor Enter monitor mode (press any key to exit monitor mode)

reboot Reboot the device box.

remoteFSInit* Initialize remote File System

resetSS* Reboot the base station

set Command mode to view and configure system settings

show Command mode to view system settings

softwareConf Backup/restore base station settings to/from FTP server

softwareUpgrade Download software and select the active version

user View and configure user accounts

vxShell* Switch to VxWorks target shell

wmanIfBs View and configure wireless MAN interface objects

wmget* Set WindMark, with instance/argument support

wmlist* Set WindMark, with instance/argument support

wmnext* Set WindMark, with instance/argument support

wmset* Set WindMark, with instance/argument support

x509 WMAN-IF-MIB X509 certificate data

*Debug user only.

5.2.1 Common Controls

Use the following CLI control commands in all configuration modes.

Table 22: CLI - Root Mode Commands

Command Description

Use the '?' character to display help for any command or mode.

Example: From the root directory, enter the following command to list all

parameters that can be changed using the 'set' command:

set ?

CTRL-Z Return to root mode.

Cancel command entry (alternative to backspace delete).

Return to parent node / mode. exit

all (exit all) Return to parent mode.

logout Terminate this telnet session. May be entered from any mode.

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5.2.2 debug

The debug command is used to view diagnostic information for the AN-100u base

station.

Table 23: CLI - Interface Command

Command Parameter/Description

debug dump - Save the information to the specified FTP server.

<Server> - IP Address of the Server to dump data to

<File> - File Name of the dump data

mode - Show/change the current debug mode setting.

level - <normal(0) | monitoring(1) | debug(2)>

server - IP address of the default FTP server for automatically

debug info dump upon system errors.

reset - Reset the DEBUG data structure content.

CrcErrors - absolute

SymErrors - absolute

DlSdus - absolute

UlSdus - absolute

DlMpdus - absolute

UlMpdus - absolute

DlSecMgm - absolute

UlSecMgm - absolute

DlDefaultSdus - absolute

UlDefaultSdus - absolute

Fpc - absolute

Bwr - absolute

Pgb - absolute

rxmode - Set to continuous receive mode.

show - Display DEBUG data structure content.

FrameNumber - RO -- MAC statistics;

Stations - RO -- MAC statistics;

UlServiceFlows - RO -- MAC statistics;

DlServiceFlows - RO -- MAC statistics;

DlUsage - RO -- MAC statistics;

UlUsage - RO -- MAC statistics;

CrcErrors - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

SymErrors - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

DlSdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

UlSdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

DlMpdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

UlMpdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

DlSecMgm - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

UlSecMgm - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

DlDefaultSdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

UlDefaultSdus - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

Fpc - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

Bwr - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

Pgb - Resetable -- MAC statistics;

Cinr - RO -- PHY statistics;

Rssi - RO -- PHY statistics;

Fofs - RO -- PHY statistics;

Corb - RO -- PHY statistics;

mac - Display MAC subgroup statistics.

phy - Display MAC subgroup statistics.

monitor - Enter into monitor mode, press any key to exit.

txmode - Set to continuous transmit mode.

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5.2.3 interfaces

The interfaces command is used to view and configure the front panel Data and

Management (Mgmt) Ethernet ports.

Table 24: CLI - Interfaces Command

Interface

Command Parameter/Description

ethernet Ethernet port settings.

IntSep Select integrated or separated management mode.

0: The Data Ethernet port is used for data and local

management traffic. The Mgt Ethernet port is

disabled.

1: Only the Mgt Ethernet port is monitored for local

management traffic. Select this mode only when data

and management networks are physically isolated.

DataDuplex Data Ethernet port settings.

0: Auto-detect speed and duplex.

1: Operate at 10Base-T half duplex mode only.

2: Operate at 10Base-T full duplex mode only.

3: Operate at 100Base-T half duplex mode only.

4: Operate at 100Base-T full duplex mode only.

MgmDuplex Management Ethernet port settings.

0: Auto-detect speed and duplex.

1: Operate at 10Base-T half duplex mode only.

2: Operate at 10Base-T full duplex mode only.

3: Operate at 100Base-T half duplex mode only.

4: Operate at 100Base-T full duplex mode only.

Intra-

SectorL2Forwar

Establish a virtual private network at layer 2 between any

number of subscriber CPEs in single sector.

0: Disabled - base station will not accept traffic

resubmitted to the Ethernet port

1: Internal - base station creates a service flow to

provide transparent tunneling for higher-layer

protocols

2: External - base station allows an external switch to

forward VLAN traffic back through the (originating)

base station Ethernet port and over the wireless.

default Restore all settings to factory default values.

management Management configuration settings.

LocalIp Enter the static base station network IP address.

LocalMask Enter the base station subnet address mask.

DefGateway Enter the IP address of the default gateway on the local

Ethernet segment.

DhcpEnable :

0: Manually enter the following IP parameters

1: Have the base station obtain its IP address from a

DHCP server.

ToDIP Enter the IP address of an the SNTP server.

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Table 24: CLI - Interfaces Command

Interface

Command Parameter/Description

TimeZoneHourEnter the offset (hours) from GMT.

TimeZoneMinuteEnter the offset minutes (fraction) from

GMT.

DayLightSavingsEnable automatic time change for

daylight savings.

0: Disabled

1: Enabled

SysLogIPEnter the IP address of the System Log server.

DhcpServIPUsrSpecify the IP address of a DHCP server.

The base station forwards all subscriber DHCP requests to

this address.

DhcpTypeSet the DHCP relay type.

0: Base station forwards all subscriber DHCP requests

to the DHCP server that the base station used to

obtain its IP address.

1: Subscriber to use the specified DHCP server. Use

DhcpServIPUs to specify the DHCP server to be used by

subscribers.

MgmtVLANEnable or disable management using VLAN

tagged traffic.

0: Disable tagged management.

1 Enable tagged management.

VlanIdEnter the VLAN ID (VID) for the management

VLAN.

defaultRestore all settings to factory default values.

wireless Wireless interface configuration settings:

set Modify settings.

RfDLChannel - <3400000 - 3600000; step=250>

RfSeparation - <-100000 - 100000; step=50000>

RfTxOutputPower - <0 - 23; step=1>

RefRSS Enter the reference RSS value

SSTxPowerControl - 0 -- disable; 1 -- enable

RfAutoRxGainEnable - 0 -- disable; 1 -- enable

PhyClk 80 -- UnlicensedProprietary

84 -- Multiple_Of_1.5MHz

91 -- Unlicensed

96 -- Multiple_Of_1.75MHz

ChannelBandwidth

5 -- 7 Mhz

6 -- 3.5 Mhz;

CyclicPrefix (phyCp)

0 -- 1/32

1 -- 1/16

2 -- 1/8

3 -- 1/4

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Table 24: CLI - Interfaces Command

Interface

Command Parameter/Description

MacMaxDistance maximum distance to any subscriber

MacFrmDuration

0 -- 2.5

1 -- 4

2 -- 5

3 -- 8

4 -- 10

5 -- 12.5

6 -- 20

MacSyncMode

0 -- NoSynch

1 -- Master with GPS Synch

2 -- Master

3 -- Slave

4 -- Backup Slave

MacAirInterfaceStatu - 0 -- disable RF; 1 -- enable RF

MacDLRatio downlink ratio (25 - 80)

default restore all settings to factory default values

show Display the general wireless configuration.

5.2.4 ipAddress

The ipAddress command is used to view and configure the base station IP address

parameters.

Table 25: CLI - IP Address Command

Command Parameter/Description

set Modify the base station network IP settings.

Address: <IP Address> Enter new IP address.

XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX

Mask: <IP Mask> Enter new Netmask value.

XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX

Dhcp: Enable or disable DHCP support.

0: - Static address

1: - DHCP allocated address.

Gateway < Default gateway> Enter new gateway address. Requires

confirmation to proceed.

show Display all IP address information.

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5.2.5 monitor

The monitor command is used to remotely view a dynamically updated screen of

statistics for the base station.

Table 26: CLI - Monitor Command

Command Parameter/Description

monitor Dynamic display of base station statistics values. For example:

MacFrameNumber: 11296

MacStations: 5

MacUlServiceFlows: 3

MacDlServiceFlows: 3

MacDlUsage: 7 %

MacUlUsage: 3%

MacCrcErrors: 0

MacSymErrors: 0

MacDlSdus: 3590

MacUlSdus: 1889

MacDlMpdus: 3574

MacUlMpdus: 2378

MacArqReTx: 0

MacBcstSdus: 0

MacSecMgmPkts: 132

MacFpc: 9

MacBwr: 1928

MacPgb: 0

PhyCinr: 31.5 dB

PhyRssi: -12.0 dBfs

PhyFofs: 183 Hz

PhyCorb: 0

5.2.6 reboot

The reboot command is used to remotely reset the base station.

Table 27: CLI - Reboot Command

Command Parameter/Description

reboot Reset the AN-100 equipment. Confirmation is required..

5.2.7 set

The set command is used to control selected fields.

Table 28: CLI - Set Command

Command Parameter/Description

ipAddress See the ipAddress command.

privacy Change privacy related settings on SC.

TrustAll: 0 -- no

1 -- yes.

UseTestTimers: 0 -- Use normal default timer settings

1-- Use factory test timer settings.

sysContact Change the system administrator contact information (255 chars max).

<val_sysLocation> Enter the location string for this device.

sysLocation Change the system administrator contact information (255 chars max).

<val_sysLocation>: Enter the location string for this device (255 chars

max.).

sysName Change the system name (255 chars max).

<val_sysname>: Enter the system name for this device.

variable Set CLI session variables.

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5.2.8 show

The show command is used to display operating information about the base station.

Table 29: CLI - Show Command

Command Parameter/Description

eventLog Display system logging events. For example:

Time:.........................Tue May 23 14:17:39

Txt:..........................Radio Type 1: TB3435F7

Time:.........................Tue May 23 14:17:36

Txt:..........................RedMax AN-100U Ver. 1.0.58 started.

ifCounters Display counter statistics of device interfaces. For example:

Structure --- <<Interface statistics>>

64 bits Ingress Counters 64 bits Egress Counters

Octets:........................0 Octets:........................0

UcastPkts:...............1876059 UcastPkts:................881643

MulticastPkts:.................0 MulticastPkts:.................0

BroadcastPkts:.................0 BroadcastPkts:............583368

Others

Name:.....................Signal InDiscards:....................0

InMulticastPkts:...............0 InErrors:....................350

InBroadcastPkts:...............0 OutDiscards:...................0

OutMulticastPkts:..............0 OutErrors:.....................0

OutBroadcastPkts:.........583368

ifStatus Display status of device interfaces. For example:

Structure --- <<Interface Status>>

Descr:........... 802.16

Type:............... propBWAp2Mp(184

Mtu:.................. 2048

Speed:.............. 16940000

PhysAddress:.... 0:09:02:00:89:

AdminStatus:..... up(1)

OperStatus:...... up(1)

LastChange:...... 00:00:13

interfaces Display device interfaces. For example:

Index Description MAC Address

1 802.16 00 09 02 00 89 c1

2 802.3 00 09 02 00 89 c1

3 802.3 00 09 02 00 89 c1

ipAddress Display the IP address data.

Address: <IP Address> - IP Address

Mask: <IP Address> - Subnet Mask.

Dhcp: Enable/disable DHCP support.

0: Static address entered by user.

1: DHCP allocated address.

Gateway: <IP Address> - Default GatewayAddress.

If no field name is specified, the whole data structure is displayed. For

example:

Structure --- <<SC IP Address Data>>

Address:......................192.168.20.97

Mask:.........................255.255.255.0

Dhcp:.........................StaticIP(0)

Gateway:......................192.168.20.250

sfInfo Display service flow info.

<MAC Address> - Specify the subscriber MAC address

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Table 29: CLI - Show Command

Command Parameter/Description

downlink - Display downlink service flow information.

uplink - Display uplink service flow information.

For example:

AN-100U(show->)#> sfInfo 00:09:02:00:8c:7f downlink

<< SF Information >>

--- Downlink ---

IfBsSfId:.....................5106 ScSchedulingType:.......bestEffort(2)

MaxSustainedRate:.............800000 bps ScArqEnable:.............false(2)

MinReservedRate:..............0 bps SfInfoOctets:..............251088824

MaxLatency:...................0 ms SfInfoTrafficRate:.......787 Kbps

TrafficPriority:..............1 SfInfoPkts:..................256244

ssInfo Display information about selected/all subscribers. If no MAC address is

entered, information for all subscribers is returned. For example:

<MAC Address> - Specify the subscriber MAC address

<< SS Information >>

MAC Address:..................00:09:02:00:a1:21 SignalNoise:..................29.6 dB

IpAddress:....................192.168.20.30 SignalNoiseMax:...............31.1 dB

BasicCid:.....................47 SignalNoiseMin:...............23.2 dB

DownChannelModCode:...........64QAM(3/4)(6) CrcErr:.......................0

SsInfDownlinkRate:............12705 Kbps AntennaRsl:...................-54 dBm

UpChannelModCode:.............64QAM(3/4)(6) Distance:.....................0 m

SsInfUplinkRate:..............12705 Kbps

status Display Wireless Interface information. For example:

Structure --- <<Wireless Interface Status>>

Downlink Status Uplink Status

Traffic:....................1575 kbps Traffic:....................1600 kbps

BandwidthMargin:...6220 kbps BandwidthMargin:......4924 kbps

Others

Cinr: 31.1 dB AirInterfaceStatus: enabled(1)

RfTxPower 5 dBm ScSynchroStatus: noSynchro(0)

IduTemp 49 Celsius RegisteredSSs: 5

OduTemp:. 54 Celsius ReferenceRss: -53

HcsErrors: 0 PowerSupplyStatus: A-On(1)

CrcErrors: 421 FansStatus: oneFanOn(1)

sysContact Display contact info of system administrator. For example:

sysContact: Central Office AA34

sysDescr Display info about system hardware and software. For example:

sysDescr:RedMax AN-100U

sysName Display system name. For example:

sysName:Base Station AA34

sysUpTime Display system time running since last reboot. For example:

sysUpTime:02:00:20

version Display the running software version.

Current S/W version: 1.2.11

==> Built on: May 3 2007, 18:43:06

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5.2.9 softwareConf

The softwareConf command is used to load new software binary files on the base station.

See section 4.5.2: Software Upgrade on page 70.

Table 30: CLI - Software Upgrade Command

Command Parameter/Description

backup Save a backup copy of the base station settings on a remote FTP server.

Server: IP Address of the FTP server.

File: Use this name when saving the configuration backup file.

Which: Specify the settings to be saved:

0 - Alternate configuration.

1 - Active configuration.

For example:

backup 192.168.20.100 BS_024-061108.cfg 1 <ENTER>

You will be prompted by the FTP server to enter a valid username and

password.

restore Restore the base station settings using a backup copy previously saved on a

remote FTP server.

Server: IP Address of the FTP server.

File: Use this name when saving the configuration backup file.

Which: Specify the settings to be saved:

0 - Alternate configuration.

1 - Active configuration.

For example:

restore 192.168.20.100 BS_024-061108.cfg 1 <ENTER>

You will be prompted by the FTP server to enter a valid username and

password.

5.2.10 softwareUpgrade

The softwareUpgrade command is used to load new software binary files on the base

station. See section 4.5.2: Software Upgrade on page 70.

Table 31: CLI - Software Upgrade Command

Command Parameter/Description

loadimage Download software image and write into flash.

Server: <IP address> - Address of ftp server

File: <filename.bin> - Enter file name (including .bin extension).

show Display the S/W version information in the device. For example:

First Version: 1.0.53

Second Version:. 1.0.53 <ACTIVE>

==> Built on: Apr 19 2006, 11:19:24

switch Switch between the active and inactive software versions. Requires user

confirmation to proceed.

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5.2.11 user

The user command is used to modify the user profiles and passwords.

Table 32: CLI - User Command

Command Parameter/Description

access Change user access level

name <username> - User login name

<access> - Access level (0-10)

add Add a user

name <username> - User login name to be added

<access> Access level

delete Delete a user

name <username> - User login name to be deleted

Note: To delete an administrator account: 1) change the account to be deleted

to access level '0' (guest), 2) delete the account.

password Change user password. User is required to enter/confirm new password for this

account.

<username> - User login name

show Show all users. For example:

User: admin Access: 10 (Administrator level)

User: guest Access: 0 (Guest access level)

5.2.12 wmanlfBs

The wmanlfBs command is used to …

Table 33: CLI - WmanlfBs Command

Command Parameter/Description

classifier View or modify the wmanIfBsClassifierRuleTable.

add add an instance to the wmanIfBsClassifierRuleTable

delete remove an instance from the wmanIfBsClassifierRuleTable

show display one or all instances in the wmanIfBsClassifierRuleTable

provForSf View or modify the wmanIfBsSsProvisionedForSfTable.

add add an instance to the wmanIfBsSsProvisionedForSfTable

delete remove an instance from the wmanIfBsSsProvisionedForSfTable

show display one/all entries in the wmanIfBsSsProvisionedForSfTable

saveAll Save into non-volatile memory any changes to the SF configuration setting.

serviceClass View or modify the wmanIfBsServiceClassTable.

add add an instance to the wmanIfBsServiceClassTable

delete remove an instance from the wmanIfBsServiceClassTable

show display one or all instances in the wmanIfBsServiceClassTable

sf View or modify the wmanIfBsProvisionedSfTable.

add add an instance to the wmanIfBsProvisionedSfTable

delete remove an instance from the wmanIfBsProvisionedSfTable

show display one or all instances in the wmanIfBsProvisionedSfTable

ssConfig View or modify the subscriber information.

add Add an entry of Subscriber Station info.

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Table 33: CLI - WmanlfBs Command

Command Parameter/Description

delete Remove Subscriber Station info entries.

edit Modify an existing entry of Subscriber Station info.

show Display Subscriber Station info entries.

5.2.13 x509

The x509 command is used to manage the privacy sublayer certificates.

Table 34: CLI - x509 Command

Command Parameter/Description

x509 add Download new certificates into the device. (FTP setup required)

<Server> IP Address of the Server to download certificates from

<File> Certificate file name. (i.e. *.cer or *.pem)

delete Delete one of or all the certificates from the device non-volatile memory.

<Index> To remove the certificate item specified by Index, -1 for

removing all.

All To remove all the certificates (Index must be specified as -1).

Yes Confirmation to proceed

show Display a list of certificates stored in non-volatile memory.

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Chapter

6.1 Self-Provisioning Features

6.1.1 Default Service Flows

The base station automatically creates one default uplink and downlink service flow for

each registered subscriber. The default service flows pass initial traffic (i.e., DHCP

Discovery or PPPoE Initiation) from hosts connected to subscriber. The default service

flows have the lowest QoS settings and the associated classifiers have the lowest priority.

The sector-wide bandwidth is limited to 64 Kbps downlink and 8 Kbps uplink. Traffic

statistics are reported aggregate with all other service flows. The default service flows

and classifiers must be included when calculating the total service flows and classifiers

for a sector.

6.1.2 Pass-All Classifier

The 802.3 classifier can be configured to allow unfiltered Ethernet traffic in the direction

of the associated service flow.. Configure a classifier to 'pass-all' by setting the MAC

address to zero. For example,

SrcMacAddr: 00:00:00:00:00:00 .

DestMacAddr: 00:00:00:00:00:00 .

Note: Only one subscriber in a sector may have a downlink service flow classifier

configured as 'pass-all'. All uplink traffic is subject to filtering by Automatic UL filtering

and the host Learning feature (if enabled).

6.1.3 Automatic UL Filtering

The Automatic Uplink filter implemented at the subscriber emulates bridge functionality

to prevent local traffic from being transmitted upstream over the wireless interface.

6.1.4 Host Learning

The MAC learning feature allows the base station to automatically learn the MAC

addresses of up to sixteen hosts (devices) on the Ethernet segment connected to a

subscriber. The learning feature can be enabled individually for any subscriber and the

number of learned hosts can be adjusted dynamically.

The subscriber learns MAC addresses on a first-come basis. The subscriber does not age

the learned MAC addresses -- table is re-learned only when the subscriber is rebooted.

Note: Enabling host learning affects the function of downlink 802.3 classifiers (see

Generic 802.3 DL Classifiers following). No other classifiers are affected.

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6.1.5 Generic 802.3 DL Classifiers

When host learning is enabled, 802.3 classifiers created for downlink service flows will

be 'generic' type. The generic type 802.3 classifier allows all downlink Ethernet traffic

addressed to any of the learned hosts on the associated subscriber. Only the priority may

be adjusted on generic 802.3 classifiers.

6.1.6 DHCP Option 82

The DHCP option 82 support can be used by equipment upstream of the RedMAX base

station to uniquely identify when customer equipment located behind a subscriber issues

a request for network access (DHCP request for an IP address). This information, used in

combination with other network notification messages, allows network operators to be

informed when customers activate self-install CPEs. Operations can then take manual or

automated actions to authorize and activate the services for this subscriber.

The format of Relay Agent Option 82 option is as follows:

Circuit ID: MAC address of base station.

Remote ID: MAC address of subscriber.

GiAddr: Management IP address of base station (if added by upstream

equipment).

Note: The subscriber CLI control 'dhcpRelayAgent' must be enabled prior to using the

Option 82 feature.

6.2 Privacy Layer -- Encryption

6.2.1 Overview

All RedMAX equipment is hardware enabled to support the privacy sub-layer as defined

in 802.16-2004. The process of modem authentication and message exchange for user

traffic encryption is described fully in the 802.16-2004. The Privacy Sub-layer can be

enabled on a individual subscribers. This release supports user traffic encryption through

the DES cryptographic suite only, with the Traffic Encryption Key secured to a 3DES

level. Encryption must be enabled separately for the AN-100U and each participating

subscriber.

Authentication and registration are part of the 802.16 MAC common part sublayer.

Authentication is based on the use of PKI technology-based X.509 digital certificates.

Each wireless subscriber access modem will contain one built-in certificate for itself and

another for its manufacturer. These certificates allow the customer modem to uniquely

authenticate itself with the base station. The base station can then verify that the customer

modem is authorized to receive service. If the database lookup succeeds, the base station

sends the customer modem an encrypted authorization key, using the customer modem’s

public key. This authorization key is used to encrypt and protect any transmissions that

follow.

The authentication process ensures the subscriber modem is an authentic device and not a

rogue that was brought into the wireless sector area. For authentication the devices use

X.509 digital certificates [IETF RFC 3280] together with RSA public-key encryption

algorithm. At the end of the authentication, process the device has a shared key with its

peer known as AK (Authentication Key). This Key is used to derive the TEK.

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Management messages between AN-100U and subscriber modem are protected with a

HMAC digest that ensures the data was not altered over the air in any way. The

authenticity of the CA's signature, and whether the CA can be trusted, can be determined

by examining its certificate in turn. This chain must however end somewhere, and it does

so at the root certificate, so called as it is at the root of a tree structure. Root certificates

are implicitly trusted. Redline Root CA certificate is issued by Verisign. It can be uses to

validate the certificates of the subscriber modem and cannot be used to validate the

certificates supplied by another vendor.

Authentication Using Digital Certificates

The entire authentication process is performed inside the AN-100U and it does not

require external AAA servers (e.g. RADIUS, TACCACS, LDAP, etc). On AN-100U

there is a space of 64 Kbyte of memory reserved for X509 Root CA certificates. A root

certificate allows the validation of subscriber modem certificates.

Validation process implies a check of the certificates against the information stored on

the AN-100U. The result of this check is a truth value based on which the AN-100U will

allow the subscriber to join the network. There are two scenarios:

1. Base station can skip the validation of the certificates sent from subscriber and

performs only a basic test to ensure is properly encoded.

2. Base station checks the digital signature with the information stored on the board.

To switch between the two scenarios the operator modifies the field TrustAll under

"privacy" group.

6.2.2 Configuring Privacy

This section describes the CLI commands for Privacy sublayer functions. Settings for

privacy modules are defined under "privacy" group. The values set by the user are taken

into account only after a system reset, even though the values are stored into NVRAM

memory immediately. The privacy module on the AN-100U always running, while the

subscriber modem can be enabled or disabled.

X509 Root CA Certificates

Each subscriber modem shipped from the factory comes with two X509 certificates -

subscriber modem certificate and CA certificate. The subscriber modem certificate is

unique per subscriber modem sends the certificates to the AN-100U during network entry

procedure in order to authenticate itself. The AN-100U verifies the certificates are valid

and allows or denies the subscriber request to join the network.

Privacy Sublayer Settings

This section is AN-100U specific and describes CLI support to manipulate X509

certificates. The commands are available under "x509" group.

add Download new certificates into the device. (FTP setup required)

delete Delete one of or all the certificates from the device non volatile memory.

show Display a list of certificates stored in non-volatile memory.

An FTP server is required to upload Redline Root CA certificates to an AN-100U.

If required, use the 'delete' command to initialize the certificate storage before loading a

new certificate. For example:

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AN-100U(x509 ->)#> delete -1 All

Are you sure to remove ALL the X509 certificates stored in non-volatile memory?

(press 'Y' to confirm)

After the certificate is loaded on the board, verify the display the issuer, subject and

validity info. For example:

AN-100U(x509 ->)#> show

Index #0:

Subject: C = CA, O = Redline Communications Inc, CN = Redline Communications Inc

Root CA

Issuer : C = CA, O = Redline Communications Inc, CN = Redline Communications Inc

Root CA

Validity

Not Before: Dec 2 00:00:00 2005 GMT

Not After : Dec 1 23:59:59 2035 GMT

AN-100U Privacy Settings

The AK lifetime specifies the period the subscriber is authenticated with the AN-100U,

and TEK specifies the period the traffic key is valid. Changes to these parameters require

a reboot. The two keys are replaced at regular time intervals as specified by their

corresponding lifetimes. The operator can also specify to trust all subscriber certificates

or to validate each subscriber based on stored root certificates. There are two modes:

Operational Mode: The unit uses the default values defined in the standard while in test

mode the unit uses the values used to perform protocol testing.

Test Mode: Used only for testing the standard certification process.

Subscriber Modem Privacy Settings

The privacy settings (enable/disable) must match on the AN-100U and the subscriber

modem, otherwise the subscriber modem will never register.

To enable privacy module in SS follow these steps

SUO#> privacySS

SUO(privacySS ->)#> set Enabled 1

To disable privacy module in SS follow these steps

SUO#> privacySS

SUO(privacySS ->)#> set Enabled 0

6.3 Co-Channel Operation

Greater complexity in the modulation technique requires a greater (C/N) ratio to

maintain adequate throughput. In the presence of an interferer, the useful signal is

degraded. The ratio of 'useful signal' to 'interfering signal' is called the carrier-to-

interference ratio. If the interferer signal power is additional noise power, and the overall

C/I+N ratio can be estimated as:

)1010log(10// 10

/NCIC

NCICCINR +−+= , where all variables are in decibels.

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This formula corresponds with an expectation that a very strong signal (high C/N) is able

to withstand higher levels of interference (low C/I). If the signal is weak, even low

interference levels will significantly degrade the useful signal. Consider the following

examples:

Case 1: The threshold CINR for 64 QAM 3/4 is around 23.25 dB. If the C/N ratio is 24

dB, the system will operate at 64 QAM 3/4 (signal is close to the 64 QAM 3/4 threshold,

but still above it). If we introduce an interferer with a signal 30 dB weaker than the

system signal (i.e., C/I = 30 dB), the overall CINR will drop to around 23 dB, forcing the

system to change the modulation rate to 64 QAM 2/3.

Case 2: If the signal is very strong and the C/N ratio is around 28 dB, it will require a

much stronger interferer to force a drop in modulation. According to the formula above,

for a C/N of 28 dB, the C/I should be 25 dB in order to force a drop in modulation. In this

case the interferer was 5 dB stronger than the first case.

The following table lists experimentally obtained minimal C/I ratios required for the

system to not change modulation:

Table 35: Op. Notes - Co-channel C/I dB Measured Results

Modulation/Coding CINR threshold dB C/I: Case 1 dB C/I: Case 2 dB

64 QAM 3/4 23.25 34 24.4

64 QAM 2/3 21.75 32 22.7

16 QAM 3/4 18 28 18.2

16 QAM 1/2 15 26 16.4

QPSK 3/4 11.6 21 12.1

QPSK 1/2 6.75 19 9.4

In case 1 the signal is already very close the threshold rate (C/N is less than 1 dB above

the CINR threshold) and even weak interference can force the system to change to a

lower modulation. A moderately high C/I ratio is required for the modulation to remain

unchanged.

In case 2 the signal is very strong (C/N is more than 10 dB above the CINR threshold)

and can experience more severe interference without being forced to change modulation.

The amount of interference required to force the system to go to the lower modulation

rate in these two extreme cases is very different, and in an actual deployment scenario a

full range of results are possible. Careful planning is necessary when frequency reuse is

required, and sufficient fade margin must be included to anticipate fluctuations of both

C/I and C/N.

6.4 Interference Issues

6.4.1 Multipath Interference

The base station is designed with high immunity to interference and multipath signals. Its

core technology is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), capable of

reliable performance under multi-path and frequency selective fading known to have

severe signal fading and distortion effects in the sub-11 GHz frequencies.

Multipath interference is a significant problem in long-range links, and in near line-of-

sight, and non line-of-sight links. Multipath is a form of self-interference occurring when

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signal reflections arrive slightly later than the primary signal. The result can be

destructive interference that can essentially null out the primary signal or overlap the

original signal such that it cannot be decoded. Multi-path interference is a problem with

long-range links where reflections off the ground, snow, and water frequently interfere

with the primary signal. It is also a problem in urban environments where the signal

reflects off buildings, trees, and roads.

OFDM breaks up the transmit signal into many smaller signals. For example, instead of

one single carrier carrying 70 Mbps of data (wireless interface rate), there are 192

separate carriers, each carrying about 364 Kbps of data (in the case of the Redline

product) in a 14 MHz bandwidth. If selective fading degrades one or two carriers, the

impact is minimal since the information is spread across the remaining carriers.

Figure 36: Op Notes: OFDM Multiple Carriers

One key aspect of OFDM implementation is that the individual carriers overlap

significantly to preserve overall bandwidth. Normally, overlapping signals would

interfere with each other, however, through special signal processing, the carriers in an

OFDM waveform are orthogonal to each other.

Multipath interference may cause individual narrowband channels to be altogether lost.

This problem is addressed in the Redline implementation in three ways:

1. Equalizing the received signal based on an estimate of the channel fading conditions

(restoring the faded sub-channels).

2. Interleaving the data before modulation onto the individual sub-channels (so that

adjacent data symbols do not necessarily end up on adjacent sub-channels, and thus

deep fades do not impair large chunks of the signal).

3. Convolutional encoding of the input data introduces correlations between signal

samples that are echoed on sub-channels occurring in separate parts of the spectrum.

This allows the receiver to infer the values of the signal that were transmitted on

fatally faded sub-carriers. The key advantage of multiple carriers is that the signal is

more robust to multipath disturbance, as described below.

OFDM equalization and coding techniques cannot overcome all forms of sharp,

multipath-related fading. For additional robustness, the OFDM implementation uses a

guard interval between each of the sub-channels. This guard interval is filled with

redundant data taken from the end of the same channel symbol and repeated at the

beginning of each channel symbol. Multipath echoes from each individual sub-channel

overlap the guard interval, rather than overlapping data in other symbols. Used in

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conjunction with adaptive equalization, coding, and modulation, use of the guard interval

provides reliable operation in a wide class of non line-of-sight environments.

6.4.2 Calculating Receive Sensitivity (WiMAX Testing)

Overview

The WiMAX test for receive sensitivity modifies the methodology from 802.16 to allow

results to be obtained easier and faster. The standard Bit Error Rate (BER) of 1x10-6

remains the benchmark for these calculations. The BER is obtained by measuring Packet

Error Rate (PER), but PER cannot truly be measured (it is a limit) and requires that a test

be performed to estimate the PER value. Larger sample sizes will produce more accurate

values for PER. There is a practical limit to the size of the test sample, and WiMAX has

chosen the number of packets in the sample to enable result that will approximate a BER

lower than 1x10-6.

Sample Test for Subscriber Receive Sensitivity

1. Connect packet generator to the base station-to-subscriber link and then configure

packet generator to send 50,000 Ethernet packets with payload of 288 Bytes (i.e.,

total Ethernet packet size is 288 + 18 = 306 Bytes). Payload should not be chosen by

the packet generator, but must be filled with the pattern defined in the WiMAX

standard. The packets should be sent at a rate to fill at least 80% of the downlink

(DL) frame.

2. Count the number of packets received. If less than 97 packets are lost, it can be

stated with 95% confidence that the BER is 1x10-6 or lower.

3. Repeat the test by sending 20,000 Ethernet packets with payload of 864 Bytes. If less

than 118 packets are lost, it can be stated with 95% confidence that the BER is 1x10-

6 or lower.

4. You repeat the test by sending 10,000 Ethernet packets with payload of 1488 Bytes.

If less than 100 packets are lost, it can be stated with 95% confidence that the BER is

1x10-6 or lower.

5. Receiver sensitivity is defined as the lowest RSSI value tested where samples for all

three packet sizes did not exceed the maximum number of lost packets. The 95%

confidence level indicates that if the test is repeated multiple times, you will obtain

passing results 95 times out of 100.

Refer to the following table for a summary of the test parameters.

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Table 36: Op Notes: Receive Sensitivity Tests

Packet Payload

Size

Total Number of

Packets Sent

Max. Number of

Packets Lost

Equivalent BER

(95% Confidence)

288 50,000 97 1x10-6

300,000 100 1x10-9

864 20,000 118 1x10-6

100,000 55 1x10-9

1,488 10,000 100 1x10-6

60,000 57 1x10-9

6.4.3 General Interference

Redline has introduced several techniques into its products to mitigate interference

issues:

1. OFDM: multiple carriers using both time and frequency diversity to provide high

tolerance to co-channel and adjacent channel interference, remove ISI due to

multipath and recover data from carriers falling in regions of deep channel fades.

2. Multiple channels (twenty-eight non-overlapping at 3.5 MHz) for diversity and

interference mitigation.

3. Adaptive modulation using six transmission rates to suit varying link conditions.

4. Adaptive encoding is heavily coded to substantially increase robustness. State of the

art FEC using Convolutional-coding gives the base station superior frequency

selective fading mitigation capability.

5. Narrow beam antennas with high side lobe and backlobe isolation and very low

VSWR.

6. Antenna cross-polarization enabling equipment co-location as well as effective

frequency planning.

7. High receiver dynamic range to address dynamic interference.

8. State of the art filtering at the RF, IF and baseband levels to reduce interference.

9. Choice of non-adaptive modulation to provide stable burst rate during periods of

rapid interference variations on the link.

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Chapter

7.1 Secondary Management Channel (SMC)

The SMC has a higher priority than data in downlink, but the maximum rate is limited to

512 Kb/s in normal operation. During SMC maintenance intervals, the rate is unlimited to

allow faster FTP transfers over SMC. The SMC maintenance interval can be enabled by

the Redline Management Suite (RMS). In uplink the first 32 Kbps of the SMC traffic has

a higher priority than data, and the remaining SMC traffic has lower priority.

7.2 Time Synchronization

When operating two or more collocated base stations (BSs), transmitter operations

MUST use synchronization to minimize inter-sector interference. Refer to the RedMAX

Base Station Installation Guidelines for complete details.

7.3 Factory Default Settings

The table lists some important factory default settings for the base station terminal.

Table 37: Troubleshooting - Factory Default Settings

Setting Sub Field Value

Ethernet Interface Management Via Data port (integrated)

Management Interface IP Address 192.168.101.3

Wireless Interface RF Frequency 3448000 KHz*

Wireless Interface RF Reference RSS 69 dBm

Wireless Interface RF Tx Power 0 db

Wireless Interface PHY Channel size 3.5 MHz

Wireless Interface PHY Guard Interval 1/4

Wireless Interface MAC Adaptive DL/UL Ratio Disabled

Wireless Interface MAC Cell Range Km 5

Wireless Interface MAC DL Ratio 54

Wireless Interface MAC Frame Duration 10 msec

Wireless Interface MAC Synchronization Mode No sync

Admin Login Login

Password

admin

Guest login Login

Password

guest

Debug Login Login

Password

debug

redline

*Based on 3-4-3.6 GHz radio.

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7.4 Front Panel Diagnostics

Figure 37: Diagnostics: Base Station Front Panel View

7.4.1 System LEDs

The front panel of the terminal includes a number of LEDs to monitor operation of the

system and assist troubleshooting. Refer to section 3: Physical Description on page 25.

7.4.2 Console Port

The front panel includes the Console port. Use the CLI commands to interrogate the base

station status and program most system settings.

7.4.3 System Reset Switch

Throughout this section, reference is made to the reset switch, which is a micro-switch

recessed in the front panel in the system block. Use a small narrow object, such as a

paper clip, to access the switch.

Depressing the reset switch for less than five seconds activates a short-reset. This is

equivalent to turning the terminal off and on. Statistical values are reset. The selected

system software image is loaded.

Depressing the front panel reset switch for more than five seconds activates a long-reset.

A long-reset reloads the factory defaults for the IP Address, IP subnet mask, and

password and then resets the system. Statistical values are reset. The selected system

software image is loaded.

7.5 Recovering a Lost IP address

Use a DB-9 serial cable to access the base station serial console. The configuration of the

serial port should be 57,600 bps, no parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit. Once connected, type in

the command ifShow and read the value of inet under the idt interface.

7.6 Detecting Channel Interference at Startup

Following a power-cycle or reboot, the base station monitors the RF Channel to detect

interference on the uplink channel. The transceiver is set to receive mode and the PHY is

programmed to receive a long preamble from a WiMAX base station. If no preamble is

detected during the one-second interval, the channel is considered free of interference

from other WiMAX equipment.

If a long preamble is received, the base station continues to monitors the channel for an

additional three seconds. If an 802.16d DL-Map is received, the following message will

be entered into the event log:

WARNING: RF Channel Conflict with [BS Id]

This message in the event log indicates that another base station has been detected using

the following RF-PHY characteristics:

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- Same DL channel frequency as the UL channel frequency of this SC

- Same Cyclic Prefix

- Same channel size (i.e., 7 MHz)

If a long preamble was received, but no DL-Map was detected, the following message

will be entered into the event log:

WARNING: Unknown Interference was detected on the UL channel

This second message does not necessarily indicate interference from another base station,

and may be the result of cross-interference from subscribe stations.

7.7 Re-Ranging Log Message

The log message 're-ranging' is recorded by the base station when a registered subscriber

initiates a network entry sequence.

There are two common reasons for this event:

1. When network entry is complete, the subscriber retains its 'registered' state by

sending data traffic to the base station. When there is no data traffic, the SU-O sends

only periodic ranging requests each 25 seconds. Under no-traffic conditions, it may

take the base station more than 25 seconds to declare a subscriber unavailable and

mark it as de-registered. During the same 25 second period, the subscriber may

declare the base station to be unavailable (i.e., due to poor link conditions) and begin

attempts to re-register. In this scenario, the subscriber is attempting to re-register

before the base station has declared the subscriber to be failed.

2. This condition may also result from a loss of connectivity between a subscriber and

the DHCP server or TOD server. When remote management is enabled on the

subscriber (managedSS=1), the subscriber must communicate with the DHCP server

and the ToD server specified in the obtained lease. If communication cannot be

established within two minutes, the subscriber will reset and repeat the attempt.

7.8 Troubleshooting the Web Interface

These troubleshooting steps assume that the status LEDs on the front panel of the

terminal indicates normal function.

1. Open a Web browser and attempt to login to the base station terminal. If the terminal

does not respond by displaying the login dialog box, check that the correct IP address

is being used. The factory default address is listed in the Troubleshooting section.

The IP address may have been changed during installation. For correct operation the

host computer and the terminal must appear to be on the same subnet. Ensure that the

IP address for the PC is set to the same subnet as the terminal. For example, the IP

address should only differ in the last octet (i.e., 192.168.101.X).

2. The next test is to verify the IP address is reachable from the computer. Use the ping

command to test the connection between the terminal and host computer. The system

always responds to ping frames less that 577 bytes in length.

If the ping test is successful the host computer was able to send and receive packets.

The problem may be with the Internet browser or related settings on the host

computer. Re-boot the host computer to try to resolve the problem.

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If the ping is not successful, the IP address may be incorrect, or a duplicate address

may exist.

3. If the current address of the terminal cannot be determined, it is recommended to

perform a long-reset. Performing a long-reset restores the terminal IP address and IP

Subnet Mask to the factory default values. Note that this operation may discard some

custom settings.

Table 38: Troubleshooting - Web Interface Diagnostics

Symptom Possible Problem Solution

Incorrect IP address

and/or Subnet Mask.

Perform a ping test from the host computer

command line. If the ping test is unsuccessful,

then the problem is with the IP address. Perform

a long-reset to restore the default address.

Problems with host

computer, or terminal.

If the ping is successful, reboot of the base

station and/or host computer.

screen

cannot be

accessed.

Host PC ARP table is

incorrectly configured.

Run 'arp -d' whenever connecting to a different

base station terminal. Check that the subnet

mask for the host PC matches the subnet mask

of the terminal. Check that the host PC address

is in the same subnet.

7.9 Replacing the System Fuse

Important: Always completely remove power from the base station before performing

any maintenance on the terminal or modem.

Warning to service personnel:

Caution for all AC and DC models – Double Pole/Neutral fusing.

To replace fuse:

1. Disconnect power from the terminal.

2. Pry off the black plastic cover located on the back panel beside the power switch and

extract the red fuse holder.

3. Use an approved tool to remove the glass-cased fuses from the holder.

Be certain to replace the fuse(s) into the lower half of the holder, as shown in the

diagram below. The fuse holder holds two fuses, both of which are active. Be certain

to use fuses of the same type and rating.

4. Replace the fuse holder in the system terminal and secure.

5. Restore power to the base station.

Figure 38: Diagnostics: Base Station Power Supply Fuse Holder

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7.10 RF Troubleshooting

The terminal monitors the status of the outdoor modem unit and reports any fault

conditions in the system event log. The following table lists the general fault conditions

reported by the terminal.

Table 39: Troubleshooting - RF Error Diagnostics

Error Type Description

IF PLL Unlocked The PLL (Phase Locked Loop) section within the terminal

experienced an error. The System Fault LED may light. Try

resetting the unit.

Communication Error

Over IF Cable

Communication between the terminal and the modem failed.

Check the IF cable and connectors.

Outdoor Unit

Temperature is too

High. Air Interface

Disabled for 15 Minutes

The internal temperature of the modem is above 82C

(180°F). The modem shuts down to allow cooling.

Outdoor Unit Power

Supply Error

Displays a fault in the modem power supply. This error could

be due to a problem with the internal power supply or with

the power source from the terminal. If the 'Low DC Voltage

At Radio' error is also indicated, (see below) check the IF

cable and connectors. If the 'Low DC Voltage At Radio' error

is not indicated, the modem requires servicing.

Outdoor Unit 24V Error The DC voltage at the modem (carried by the IF cable from

the terminal) is lower than the required 24 VDC. Check the

IF cable and connectors. The minimum required voltage for

operation is 12 VDC.

Air Interface Disabled The radio is disabled.

Cable Compensation

Failed

The measured IF cable compensation is out of specification.

Invalid Radio The attached radio is not compatible with this

terminal/configuration.

Outdoor Unit 3.3V Error The modem internal power supply is lower than the required

3.3 VDC.

7.11 System Log Messages

Table 40: Troubleshooting - Event Log Messages

Log Message Description

Access Address : 0x%08x This message is displayed only after a watchdog reset

occurs. It provides information about the software

exception that caused the watchdog.

Air Interface is Disabled The RF interface has been disabled by the user.

Air Interface is Enabled The RF interface has been enabled by the user.

Another Upgrade operation

is currently running. Skip

SNMP[CLI,WEB] upgrade

The user has tried to initiate an upgrade while another

upgrade is already in progress. The command has been

ignored.

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Table 40: Troubleshooting - Event Log Messages

Log Message Description

Another Upgrade operation

is currently running. Skip

SNMP[CLI,WEB]

synchronization

The user has tried to synchronize the active and

alternate images while a software upgrade is in

progress. The command has been ignored.

Another Upgrade operation

is currently running. Skip

SNMP[CLI,WEB] backup

The user has tried to backup the active image to the

alternate while a software upgrade is in progress. The

command has been ignored.

Another Upgrade operation

is currently running. Skip

SNMP[CLI,WEB] restore

The user has tried to apply a configuration file to either

the active or alternate images while a software upgrade

is in progress. The command has been ignored.

Another Upgrade operation

is currently running. Skip

switchover

The user has tried to switch software versions while an

upgrade is in progress. The command has been

ignored.

Backup Detected This base station is configured as Master, and it has

detected the presence of a Backup Slave

Backup Function Activated This base station is configured as a Backup Slave, and

has been successfully activated

Cable Compensation Ok.

Value = [v]

The attenuation of the IF cable is within operating

parameters.

Cause Register: 0x%08x This message is displayed only after a watchdog reset

occurs. It provides information about the software

exception that caused the watchdog.

CRITICAL: Cable

Compensation Failed

The attenuation of the IF cable to the ODU is too high.

CRITICAL: IF Cable

Disconnected

The IF cable between the base station IDU and ODU

has been disconnected.

CRITICAL: IF PLL Error The IF chain has encountered a PLL error.

Communication with the ODU has been interrupted.

CRITICAL: LO[X] Error There has been a hardware problem with Local

Oscillator [X].

CRITICAL: ODU

Temperature is too High

The operating temperature of the base station ODU is

too high to continue operation. The IDU will temporarily

suspend operation to avoid damage.

CRITICAL: Radio

Reference Frequency Error

There has been a hardware problem with the

synchronization of the ODU’s reference frequency.

CRITICAL: Rx IF PLL Error The IF chain has encountered a PLL error.

Communication with the ODU has been interrupted.

Eep Configuration

checksum error.

Parameters are reset to

factory defaults. Force WD

reset...

Self explanatory

Error address: 0x%08x,

Error ID: 0x%04x

This message is displayed only after a watchdog reset

occurs. It provides information about the software

exception that caused the watchdog.

Error when reading from i2c

memory

Hardware failure. There was an error while reading

some configuration data.

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Table 40: Troubleshooting - Event Log Messages

Log Message Description

Error when writing to i2c

memory

Hardware failure. There was an error while writing some

configuration data.

Event log cleared by user Self explanatory

Exception Program

Counter: 0x%08x

This message is displayed only after a watchdog reset

occurs. It provides information about the software

exception that caused the watchdog.

Fp Status Register: 0x%08x This message is displayed only after a watchdog reset

occurs. It provides information about the software

exception that caused the watchdog.

GPS Detected An external GPS clock source has been properly

detected.

GPS is not Detected.

Waiting for GPS...

An external GPS clock source has not been detected.

The RF interface will not be started until this problem is

resolved.

Invalid Radio Type The radio connected to the base station is not

compatible.

Long Reset The base station has been reset to factory defaults by

the user.

Master Detected A slave has detected the presence of a master.

Master Function Activated This base station is configured as Master, and it has

successfully activated.

Master is Not Detected A slave has failed to detect the clock signal of a master

Master or GPS must be

connected. Waiting...

A backup slave has not detected the presence of a

Master or GPS clock source. It will wait for one before

activating its RF interface.

Master with GPS Function

Activated

This base station is configured as Master, and has been

successfully activated.

NOTICE: Watchdog is

Disabled

A jumper installed during factory burn-in was not

properly removed before shipping.

Ntp client: Invalid address The IP address of SNTP server cannot be resolved

Ntp client: Server Unsync The received timestamp is 0, or the SNTP server

suggests it is not synchronized

Ntp client: Timeout The SNTP server does not reply to SNTP requests

Ntp client: Version

unsupported

SNTP server version number is greater than 3

Other Backup Detected.

Waiting...

This base station is configured as a Backup Slave, but

another backup slave has been detected.

Other Master Detected.

Waiting...

The base station is configured to act as a Master, but it

has detected the presence of another Master.

P1 Watchdog Reset The P1 processor has encountered an exception, and

has prompted a reboot of the base station

P2 Watchdog Reset The P2 processor has encountered an exception, and

has prompted a reboot of the base station

P2-Task: %#x \"%s\ This message is displayed only after a watchdog reset

occurs. It provides information about the software

exception that caused the watchdog.

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Table 40: Troubleshooting - Event Log Messages

Log Message Description

Parameters are reset to

factory defaults

This message appears after the user has initiated a

long-reset to factory defaults

Power Supply [X] is On Where X is either A or B. This signifies that the relevant

power supply has been detected and is properly

supplying power to the base station

Radio Type [XX]:

TBXXXXFX

This message is simply a confirmation of the type of

radio connected to the IDU. It should match with the

radio type printed on the ODU’s sticker.

RedMax base station Ver.

X.X.X started

System startup message.

Reference Clock

Calibration Done

The reference clock calibration procedure initiated by

the user has been completed.

Reference Clock

Calibration Failed

The reference clock calibration procedure initiated by

the user has failed.

Restore configuration into

active image

The user-provided configuration file has been applied to

the active image

Restore configuration into

alternate image

The user-provided configuration file has been applied to

the alternate (non-active) image

RF capabilities are

changed. Check RF and

PHY parameters and

activate again the RF

interface

Self explanatory

Status Register: 0x%08x This message is displayed only after a watchdog reset

occurs. It provides information about the software

exception that caused the watchdog.

Synchronization Failed.

Waiting for Synchronization

Signal...

A base station configured as Slave has detected the

Master on reboot, but synchronization failed. It will wait

and try again.

Synchronization Lost A slave has previously synchronized with a Master, but

since lost the signal and drifted out of phase.

Synchronization of alternate

completed successfully

Software image and configuration have been applied to

the alternate image, overwriting its previous contents.

Synchronization of

configurations not possible

The synchronization of software and configuration from

the active image to the alternate has failed.

Synchronization Ok Synchronization with a Master or Backup Slave was

successful.

Synchronization Signal not

Detected. Waiting...

A base station configured as Slave cannot detect the

synchronization Master.

Synchronization with

Backup Failed

This base station is configured as Master. It has recently

rebooted, detected the presence of a Backup Slave, but

it has failed to resume control of the base station’s

clock.

Synchronization with

Backup Ok

This base station is configured as Master. It has recently

rebooted, detected the presence of a Backup Slave, and

successfully resumed control of the base station’s clock.

Synchronization with GPS

is Lost

Synchronization with a previously detected external

clock source has been lost

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Table 40: Troubleshooting - Event Log Messages

Log Message Description

Synchronization with GPS

Synchronization with an external GPS clock has been

successfully completed.

Synchronization with

Master is Lost

A backup slave has previously detected the presence of

a master clock signal, and synchronized. It has since

lost this signal.

Synchronization with

Master Ok

A slave has successfully synchronized with a master’s

clock signal

Synchronization Signal

Detected

A Slave has detected the clock signal of a Master.

Synchronization Signal not

Detected

A slave has previously synchronized with a Master, but

has since lost the signal.

WARNING: Clock Offset

Close to End of Scale

The reference clock calibration procedure initiated by

the user has been completed, but the clock offset is at

the boundaries of the base station’s capabilities

WARNING: DL aggregated

Guaranteed Rate exceeds

Capacity

The aggregate guaranteed minimum rates configured

for service flows using RTPS and UGS scheduling

exceeds the downlink capacity of the sector.

WARNING: Indoor Unit

Temperature > 65 Celsius

The base station indoor unit has exceeded the

recommended operating temperature.

WARNING: ODU

Temperature is [c] Celsius

The operating temperature of the base station ODU is

nearing the limit of its operating temperature. No action

is taken.

WARNING: Power Supply

[X] is Off

Where X is either A or B. This signifies that the relevant

power supply has been detected, but it is not supplying

power to the base station.

WARNING: UL aggregated

Guaranteed Rate exceeds

Capacity

The aggregate guaranteed minimum rates configured

for service flows using RTPS and UGS scheduling

exceeds the uplink capacity of the sector.

WRONG CRC over I2C The stored interface configuration data has failed

integrity check.

WARNING: Unknown

Interference was detected

on the UL channel

During startup, a long preamble was received but no

DL-Map was detected the UL channel.

See section 7.6: Detecting Channel Interference at

Startup on page 97.

WARNING: RF Channel

Conflict with [BS Id]

During startup, a long preamble and DL-Map were both

detected on the UL channel. See section 7.6: Detecting

Channel Interference at Startup on page 97.

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Chapter

8.1 System Technical Specifications

Table 41: Specifications - RedMAX Base Station

System Capability: LOS, Optical LOS, Non LOS

Cell-based Point-to-Multipoint

RF Band: 3.400-3.600 GHz (FWA Band) TDD

3.600-3.800 GHz (FWA Band) TDD

3.400-3.600 GHz (FWA Band) HD-FDD

(Operation is dependant on license/regulatory domain)

Duplex Technique: TDD (time division duplex)

Channel Size: 3.5, 7 MHz

RF Dynamic Range: > 40 dB

Spectral Efficiency: Up to 5 bps/Hz (over the air), up to 3 bps/Hz (net)

Over The Air Rate: Up to 17.5 Mbps Uncoded Rate @ 3.5 MHz channel

Up to 35 Mbps Uncoded Rate @ 7 MHz channel

Data Rate: Up to 10.8 Mbps Max. Ethernet Rate @ 3.5 MHz channel

Up to 23 Mbps Max. Ethernet Rate @ 7 MHz channel

Latency: 6-18 ms (based on channel size & frame duration)

Maximum Tx Power: +23 dBm (region specific)

Rx Sensitivity: Better than -93 dBm @ BPSK 1/2

(1x10e-6 BER / 3.5 MHz channel)

IF Cable: Maximum length 68 m (225 feet) using only the following Redline

recommended high-grade cable:

Times Fiber cable (part number T58SC85T-VB)

Multiplexed IF, Tx/Rx, AGC, ATPC, DC power

Network Attributes: Transparent bridge, DHCP client pass-through

802.1Q VLAN, 802.1p network traffic prioritization

Modulation/Coding Rates: Modulation: BPSK, QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM

Coding: 1/2, 2/3, 3/4

Over the Air Encryption: DES (traffic)

MAC: Cell-based PMP deployment

64 subscribers/sector

802.16-2004 compliant PMP

802.16-2004 packet convergence sub-layer mode

QoS (delay, CIR/PIR)

Scheduled Services (rtPS, BE)

TDMA Access

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Table 41: Specifications - RedMAX Base Station

Range: 20 km (13 miles) LOS

3 km (2 miles) non LOS

Wireless Transmission: 256 FFT OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)

Network Connections: RJ-45 (10/100 Ethernet)

System Configuration: HTTP (Web), SNMP, FTP (software updates)

CLI via Local Console (RS-232) only

Network Management: SNMP, standard and proprietary MIBs

Full management by RedMAX Management Suite

Power Requirements: Auto-sensing 90-264 VAC (47-63 Hz)

Auto-sensing 21 - 60 VDC, 75 W maximum

Optional dual AC or dual DC power supply

(dual cord with automatic failover)

Standards: IEEE: 802.3, 802.3x, 802.1Q, 802.1p.,802.16-2004

ITUT: G.711, 723, 726, 729, 168 (VoIP codec)

Compliance: EMC: EN 301 489-1, EN 301 489-4, (EN 55022/CISPR 22)

IEC 61000-4-5 class 3 (2 KV), ITU-T K.21

ESD as per EN 61000-4-2.

Radiated Immunity as per EN-1000-4-3.

EFT as per EN 61000-4-4

Surge as per EN 61000-4-5

Conducted Immunity as per EN 61000-4-6

Dips & interrupts (AC versions only) as per EN 61000-4-11

Flickers and harmonics (AC versions only) comply to

EN 61000-3-2, EN 61000-3-3

RF: EN 302 326, Industry Canada: RSS-192

Safety: IEC 60950-1, UL 60950-1

Operating Temperature: IDU: 0 C to 40 C

IDU Short-term: 0 C to 55 C for up to 5 hours

ODU: -40 C to 60 C

Wind Loading: Antenna: 220 Km/hr (137 mph)

Dimensions: 431.8 x 304.8 x 44.45 mm (17 x 12 x 1.75 in)

Weight: 2.5 Kg (5.5 lb)

Humidity: Up to 90% non-condensing

1 Actual Ethernet data throughput is dependent on channel size, protocols, packet size, burst

rate, transmission latency, and link distance.

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8.2 Radio Types

The following radio types are supported:

Table 42: Specs - Radios with 3.5 MHz and 7 MHz Channels

Radio Type: TB3436F7 TB3638F7

Channelization: 3.5 MHz, 7 MHz 3.5 MHz, 7 MHz

Operation: TDD, HD-FDD TDD

Frequency: 3.4 - 3.6 GHz 3.6 - 3.8 GHz

Tx Power: 23 dBm 23 dBm

Tx Power Tolerance: +/- 2 dBm +/- 2 dBm

Maximum Power Consumption: 24 V, 1.5 A 24 V, 1.5 A

8.3 Receive Sensitivity

The following table lists the sensitivity levels for different modulation and coding levels.

Table 43: Specs - Base Station Receive Sensitivity

Modulation Coding 3.5 MHz 7 MHz

BPSK 1/2 -94 -91

1/2 -93 -90

QPSK 3/4 -92 -89

1/2 -89 -86

16 QAM 3/4 -86 -83

2/3 -82 -79

64 QAM 3/4 -77 -74

8.4 Throughput versus Distance

he following table represents the expected decrease in throughput (Kbps) associated

Receive Sensitivity with the distance between the base station and subscriber.

Table 44: Expected Throughput Decrease Over Distance (Kb/s)

Distance (Km)

Channel Size 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

3.5 MHz 0 86 86 173 173 260 260 346

7 MHz 86 173 260 346 346 432 518 605

1. Line-of-sight links operating at 64 QAM 3/4 with 10 ms frame duration. Throughput decrease is

x2 when using 5 ms frame duration.

2. Typical deployed cell radius is <10 Km. Distances of >10 Km are quoted for backhaul.

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8.5 FCC Certified Antennas

This device has been designed to operate with the antennas listed below, having a

maximum peak gain of 24 dB. The Max. Tx Power Setting in the GUI listed below for

each antenna will limit the EIRP at any time to 1W/1MHz (30 dBm). Antennas not

included in this list or having a peak gain greater than 24 dB are strictly prohibited for

use with this device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.

Table 45: Spec. - FCC Certified Antennas: 5.4 GHz Operation

Redline PN

nt. Gain

(dBi)

Antenna Description App. GUI Max. Tx

Power Setting

A2408MTF 24 Antenna: 2 foot, 8 degree, 24 dBi flat panel

antenna.

PTP -5

A2014ARF 20 Antenna: 1 foot, 13.5 degree, 20 dBi flat

panel antenna.

PTP -1

PA1760EAS 17 Sector Antenna: 60 degree, 17 dBi, vertical

polarization.

PMP 2

PA1660EASH 16 Sector Antenna: 60 degree, 16 dBi, horizontal

polarization.

PMP 3

PA1690EAS 16 Sector Antenna: 90 degree, 16 dBi, vertical

polarization.

PMP 3

PA1590EASH 15 Sector Antenna: 90 degree, 15 dBi, horizontal

polarization.

PMP 4

A1490MTS 14.5 Sector Antenna: 90 degree, 14.5 dBi, vertical

polarization

PMP 4.5

PA14120EAS 14 Sector Antenna: 120 degree, 14 dBi,

horizontal polarization.

PMP 5

PA14120EASH 14 Sector Antenna: 120 degree, 14 dBi,

horizontal polarization.

PMP 5

A11360EAO 11 Sector Antenna: 360 degree, 11.0 dBi.

PMP 8

Note: The RF output power and selection must be professionally programmed

and installed by the manufacturer or a trained professional installer.

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8.6 DC Power Connections

This section provides important instructions for connecting to a DC power source.

The DC power supply (optional) is rated for operation from 21 to 60 volts DC.

Warning to service personnel:

Caution for all AC and DC models – Double Pole/Neutral fusing.

Power is supplied to the terminal using a fused power entry module. All DC terminals are

shipped with a one-meter power cord assembly, consisting of the power entry module’s

mating dual pin polarized female plug pre-crimped with 18 AWG blue and black

insulated wires. If the wiring needs to be extended a minimum of 18 AWG wire must be

used.

The DC power input is floating (+Ve and -Ve not connected to chassis), allowing positive

(minus to ground), negative (plus to ground), and floating power connections as required.

Refer to table below for connection details.

If the terminal does not power on, it is possible that the blue and black wires are

connected incorrectly resulting in a reversal of polarity. In this event, the diode protection

prevents permanent damage to the power supply. Reverse the power connections and

verify that the terminal powers up properly.

Table 46: DC Power Supply Cable Connections

Wire Color Negative DC Power

(-21 to –60 VDC)

Positive DC Power

(+21 to +60 VDC)

Blue Negative power Power Return

Black Power Return Positive Power

Schematics

Warning to service personnel:

DC units are not equipped with power switches and activate

immediately when connected to a power source.

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8.7 Glossary

Term Acronym Definition

Active Service

Flow

- An Admitted Service Flow that is active and available for

packet transmission.

Address

Resolution

Protocol

ARP An IETF protocol for converting network addresses to 48-bit

Ethernet addresses.

Admitted

Service Flow

- Service Flow is registered, but not active.

RedMAX Base

Station System

The base station terminal, modem, and antenna.

RedMAX Base

Station Terminal

The base station indoor unit.

Antenna Gain - The measure of antenna performance relative to a theoretical

antenna called an isotropic antenna.

Base Station BS The RedMAX base station terminal configured as central

equipment (also referred to as a base station).

Beamwidth - The angle of signal coverage provided by an antenna.

Best Effort

Service

BE BE service provides efficient service to best effort traffic. In

order for this service to work correctly, the

Request/Transmission Policy setting should be such that the

Subscriber is allowed to use contention request opportunities.

This results in the Subscriber using contention request

opportunities as well as unicast request opportunities and

unsolicited Data Grant Burst Types. All other bits of the

Request/Transmission Policy are irrelevant to the fundamental

operation of this scheduling service and should be set

according to network policy. The key service elements are the

Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate, the Maximum Sustained

Traffic Rate, and the Traffic Priority.

Binary Phase

Shift Keying

BPSK BPSK is a digital modulation technique. This type of

modulation is less efficient than similar modulation techniques

such as QPSK and 64 QAM, but is less susceptible to noise.

Bps Bps A unit of measurement for data is transfer.

Broadband

Fixed Wireless

BFW High-speed wireless installation where the equipment is not

mobile.

Broadcast

Addresses

- A predefined destination address that denotes the set of all

data network service access points.

Burst - A group of protocol data units (PDUs) transmitted over the

wireless link using the same profile.

Burst profile - Enter of settings that describe the uplink or downlink

transmission properties associated with an Interval Usage

Code. Each profile contains settings such as modulation type,

forward error correction type, preamble length, guard times,

etc.

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Term Acronym Definition

CEPT The European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications

Administrations (CEPT) established in 1959. CEPT activities

included co-operation on commercial, operational, regulatory

and technical standardization issues.

Channel - A communications path wide enough to permit a single RF

transmission.

CIR CIR Minimum Reserved Traffic Rate (see QoS)

CINR CINR CINR is the ratio of Carrier/(Interference + Noise).

Class of Service - Each Class of Service can be defined by a set of QoS

settings.

Classifier - A set of criteria used for packet filtering which map each

packet to the corresponding Service Flow (i.e., IP or MAC

address).

Committed

Information Rate

CIR The minimum guaranteed bandwidth for a connection.

Concatenation - The act of combining multiple medium access control (MAC)

protocol data units (PDUs) into a single burst.

Connection - A unidirectional mapping between RedMAX base station and

subscriber medium access control (MAC) peers for

transporting service flow’s traffic. A Connection Identifier (CID)

identifies connections.

All traffic is carried on a connection, even for service flows that

implement connectionless protocols, such as Internet Protocol

(IP).

Connection

Identifier

CID A unidirectional, medium access control layer address that

identifies a connection to equivalent peers in the medium

access control layer of the base station and subscriber.

A CID maps to a service flow Identifier (SFID), which defines

the Quality of Service (QoS) settings of the Service Flow

associated with that connection.

Initial Ranging - A well-defined Connection Identifier that is

used by a subscriber during the initial ranging process. This

CID is defined as constant value within the protocol since a

subscriber has no addressing information available until the

initial ranging process is complete.

Transport - unique identifier taken from the Connection

Identifier address space that uniquely identifies the Transport

Connection.

Cyclic Prefix CP Guard interval to resist multipath effect.

Data Link Layer - Layer 2 in the Open System Interconnection (OSI)

architecture; the layer that provides services to transfer data

over the transmission link between open systems.

DB - A ratio expressed in decibels.

dBi - A ratio, measured in decibels, of the effective gain of an

antenna compared to an isotropic antenna.

DBm - Decibels relative to a milliwatt

Directional

Antenna

- An antenna that concentrates transmission power into one

direction.

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Term Acronym Definition

Download

Interval Usage

Code

DIUC An interval usage code specific to a downlink (from RedMAX

base station to subscriber).

Downlink - The direction from the RedMAX base station to the subscriber.

Downlink

Channel

Descriptor

DCD A medium access control layer message that describes the

physical layer characteristics of a downlink channel.

Downlink Map DL-MAP A medium access control layer message that defines a map

with burst start times. DL-MAP is the main message that

defines synchronization of Subscriber. Based on the map

Subscriber read and parse the Downlink information.

Downstream - Flow from base station to subscriber.

Downstream

Classifier

- Assigns packets to downstream service flows.

Dynamic Host

Configuration

Protocol

DHCP An Internet protocol used for assigning network-layer (IP)

addresses dynamically.

Dynamic service - The set of messages and protocols that allow base station

and subscriber to add, modify, or delete the characteristics of

a service flow.

Encryption - For the purposes of privacy, the transformation of data into an

unreadable format until reformatted with a decryption key.

Ethernet - A LAN architecture using a bus or star topology

FCS FCS Frame Check Sequence.

File Transfer

Protocol

FTP (Client and Server): Protocol implementing RFC 959 and

running in NOC-S as Client and BSC as Server for

transferring/replicating configurations files needed by local

DHCPs.

Frame - A structured data sequence of fixed duration used by some

physical layer specifications. A frame may contain both an

uplink sub frame and a downlink sub frame.

Frequency

Agnostic

- Operating independently of the radio frequency selection.

Frequency

Division

Duplexing

FDD A transmission method that separates the transmitting and

receiving channels with a guard band (some amount of

spectrum that acts as a buffer or insulator).

In a framed (burst) FDD system, the uplink and downlink

channels are located on separate frequencies and the

downlink data can be transmitted in bursts. A fixed duration

frame is used for both uplink and downlink transmissions.

Full Duplex - Refers to the transmission of data in two directions

simultaneously (i.e. a telephone)

Gain - The ratio of the output amplitude of a signal to the input

amplitude of a signal. Typically expressed in decibels (dB).

Gateway - A network point that acts as an entrance to another network.

Gigahertz GHz 1,000,000,000 Hz, or 1,000 MHz

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Term Acronym Definition

Grant Per

Connection

GPC A bandwidth allocation method in which grants are allocated to

a specific connection within a subscriber. Note that bandwidth

requests are always made for a connection. A Subscriber can

have multiple connections. In GPC mode, Subscriber request

bandwidth for each connection.

Header Check

Sequence

HCS Header Check Sequence error. This is a CRC error on the

header fields only.

Hertz Hz The international unit for measuring frequency, equivalent to

the number of cycles per second. One megahertz (MHz) is

one million Hertz. One gigahertz (GHz) is one billion Hertz.

Information

Element

IE A component of the downlink or uplink map that defines the

starting address associated with an IUC that identifies a

certain burst profile.

Internet Protocol IP See TCP/IP

Interval Usage

Code

IUC A code identifying a particular burst profile that can be used by

a downlink or uplink transmission interval.

Isotropic - A theoretic construct of an antenna that radiates its signal 360

degrees both vertically and horizontally—a perfect sphere.

Generally used as a reference.

Latency - Delay

Lightweight

Redline Communications AN100UA Wireless Access Base Station User Manual 70 00058 01 01

Redline Communications Inc. Wireless Access Base Station 70 00058 01 01

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