Samsung Electronics Co SPI-2210012502 Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS User Manual

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Report No. : HCTR1003FR03 1/1

ATTACHMENT E.

- USER MANUAL -

EPBD-001848

Ed. 07

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210

100RAS Indoor Premium RAS

System Description

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Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

INTRODUCTION

Purpose

This description describes the characteristics, functions and structures of the Indoor

Premium RAS of Mobile WiMAX, also referred to as the indoor SPI-2210,

Throughout this document, the SPI-2210 designation will be used.

Document Content and Organization

This description is composed of five Chapters, an Abbreviation and Index as follows:

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile WiMAX Network

Mobile WiMAX System Introduction

Characteristics of Mobile WiMAX System

Components of Mobile WiMAX Network

Functions of Mobile WiMAX System

CHAPTER 2. Overview of Indoor SPI-2210

Indoor SPI-2210 Introduction

Major functions

Resources

System Configuration

Interface between the Systems

CHAPTER 3. Indoor SPI-2210 Architecture

System Configuration

Hardware Structure

Software Structure

Redundancy

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

Call Processing Message Flow

Network Synchronization Message Flow

Alarm Message Flow

Loading Message Flow

Operation and Maintenance Message Flow

CHAPTER 5. Additional Functions and Tools

TTLNA

Web-EMT

ABBREVIATION

Describes the acronyms used in this manual.

INDEX

Index provides main searching keywords to be found.

Conventions

The following types of paragraphs contain special information that must be carefully read

and thoroughly understood. Such information may or may not be enclosed in a rectangular

box, separating it from the main text, but is always preceded by an icon and/or a bold title.

NOTE

Indicates additional information as a reference.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Revision History

EDITION DATE OF ISSUE REMARKS

00 05. 2007. First Draft

01 06. 2007. - MMA Æ MMA-S

- Modify the information related to backhaul (MMA-S, MEI)

- Modify the figure 4.17

- Modify the other errors

02 09. 2007. - ‘Input Power’ is changed. (2.3 Specifications)

- ‘Figure 3.1’, ‘Figure 3.8’, ‘Figure 4.15’ and ‘Figure 4.17’ are

changed.

- ‘FQM’ is deleted.

- ‘OPM Main Functions’ is changed.

- ‘Call Processing Message Flow’ is changed.

03 12. 2007. - ‘T1’ is deleted.

- ‘DS3’ is deleted

- ‘DN3 Interface’ is deleted.

- ‘DHCP’ is deleted.

- ‘MTA’ is deleted.

- ‘LPMT’ is deleted.

- ‘LPMD’ is deleted.

- ‘MTBF’ is deleted.

- ‘MEI Redundancy Structure (3.4.3)’ is deleted.

- ‘MEI port’ is changed.

- ‘MMA port’ is changed.

- ‘FFT size’ is changed.

- ‘Environmental Condition’ is changed.

- ‘RJIM’ is changed.

- ‘Call Processing Message Flow’ is changed.

04 06. 2008. -‘RF bandwidth’ is changed.

- ‘RRC & RRA Function’ is deleted.

- ‘MIMO Uplink’ is changed.

- ‘UDA’ is added.

- ‘TAC Control & OAM Traffic throttling’ are added.

- ‘Call Processing Message Flow’ is changed.

05 11. 2008.

- PDP-PI Æ PDP-PIR

06 03. 2009. - The RADIUS protocol support for interfacing with the AAA

server is added. (1.3, 2.5.1, 4.1)

- ‘Disabling ZCS’ function is added. (2.2.5)

- Figure 3.5 is changed.

- The alarm port specification is changed from 10 Tx UDA to

6 Tx UDA. (3.2.5, 3.2.6)

- The path test-related content is modified. (3.3.3.13)

- The failure alarm types are modified. (4.3)

- The acronyms in The ABBREVIATION section are modified.

07 06. 2009. - Modify Figures 1.1, 1.2, 2.4, 4.1 to 4.4, 4.6 to 4.8, and 4.13

to 4.15

- Add Figures 4.9

- Modify Sections 1.3, 3.3.3.6, 4.1.1 to 4.1.4, and 4.1.6

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Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION I

Purpose .................................................................................................................................................. I

Document Content and Organization..................................................................................................... I

Conventions........................................................................................................................................... II

Revision History.................................................................................................................................... III

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile WiMAX System 1-1

1.1 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX ..............................................................................................1-1

1.2 Characteristics of the Mobile WiMAX System .....................................................................1-3

1.3 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration .................................................................................1-4

1.4 Mobile WiMAX System Functions.........................................................................................1-6

CHAPTER 2. Overview of Indoor SPI-2210 2-1

2.1 Introduction to Indoor SPI-2210............................................................................................2-1

2.2 Main Functions.......................................................................................................................2-3

2.2.1 Physical Layer Processing Function ....................................................................................2-3

2.2.2 Call Processing Function......................................................................................................2-5

2.2.3 IP Processing Functions.......................................................................................................2-8

2.2.4 Auxiliary Device Interface Function ......................................................................................2-9

2.2.5 Maintenance Function ........................................................................................................2-10

2.3 Specifications.......................................................................................................................2-14

2.4 System Configuration ..........................................................................................................2-17

2.5 Interface between Systems .................................................................................................2-19

2.5.1 Interface Structure...............................................................................................................2-19

2.5.2 Protocol Stack.....................................................................................................................2-20

2.5.3 Physical Interface Operation Method .................................................................................2-21

CHAPTER 3. Indoor SPI-2210 Architecture 3-1

3.1 System Configuration ............................................................................................................3-1

3.2 Detailed Structure...................................................................................................................3-3

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.2.1 Digital Main Block (DMB)......................................................................................................3-3

3.2.2 RF Block (RFB).....................................................................................................................3-7

3.2.3 PDP-PIR .............................................................................................................................3-10

3.2.4 Radiation Structure .............................................................................................................3-12

3.2.5 I/O Module ..........................................................................................................................3-14

3.2.6 External Interface Structure................................................................................................3-15

3.3 Software Structure............................................................................................................... 3-17

3.3.1 Basic Structure....................................................................................................................3-17

3.3.2 Call Control (CC) Block.......................................................................................................3-19

3.3.3 Operation And Maintenance (OAM) Block.........................................................................3-21

3.4 Redundancy Structure ........................................................................................................ 3-39

3.4.1 MMA-S Redundancy Structure...........................................................................................3-39

3.4.2 MRA-S Redundancy Structure...........................................................................................3-40

3.4.3 Backhaul Redundancy Structure........................................................................................3-40

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow 4-1

4.1 Call Processing Message Flow............................................................................................. 4-1

4.1.1 Initial Access .........................................................................................................................4-1

4.1.2 Authentication .......................................................................................................................4-5

4.1.3 Status Change ......................................................................................................................4-8

4.1.4 Location Update..................................................................................................................4-13

4.1.5 Paging.................................................................................................................................4-18

4.1.6 Handover ............................................................................................................................4-19

4.1.7 Access Termination.............................................................................................................4-25

4.2 Network Synchronization Message Flow........................................................................... 4-27

4.3 Alarm Signal Flow................................................................................................................ 4-28

4.4 Loading Message Flow........................................................................................................ 4-30

4.5 Operation and Maintenance Message Flow....................................................................... 4-32

CHAPTER 5. Additional Functions and Tools 5-1

5.1 TTLNA/RET............................................................................................................................. 5-1

5.2 Web-EMT ................................................................................................................................ 5-2

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

ABBREVIATION I

A ~ C ....................................................................................................................................................... I

D ~ H...................................................................................................................................................... II

I ~ O ...................................................................................................................................................... III

P ~ S .....................................................................................................................................................IV

T ~ W .....................................................................................................................................................V

INDEX I

A ~ E ....................................................................................................................................................... I

F ~ M...................................................................................................................................................... II

N ~ R..................................................................................................................................................... III

S ~ W....................................................................................................................................................IV

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration .................................................................. 1-4

Figure 1.2 Configuration of Mobile WiMAX System Functions (Based on Profile C).............. 1-6

Figure 2.1 IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stack Operation ............................................................................ 2-8

Figure 2.2 SMIR Configuration............................................................................................. 2-17

Figure 2.3 SMIR Configuration (SMIR-A is added)............................................................... 2-18

Figure 2.4 Structure of Indoor SPI-2210 Interface................................................................ 2-19

Figure 2.5 Protocol Stack between NEs ............................................................................... 2-20

Figure 2.6 Protocol Stack between Indoor SPI-2210 and WSM ........................................... 2-20

Figure 3.1 Internal Configuration of Indoor SPI-2210 ............................................................. 3-2

Figure 3.2 DMB Configuration................................................................................................ 3-3

Figure 3.3 RFB Configuration................................................................................................. 3-7

Figure 3.4 PDP-PIR Configuration ....................................................................................... 3-10

Figure 3.5 Power Structure....................................................................................................3-11

Figure 3.6 Fan and Related Devices.................................................................................... 3-12

Figure 3.7 Radiation Structure of Indoor SPI-2210............................................................... 3-13

Figure 3.8 I/O Module Configuration .................................................................................... 3-14

Figure 3.9 External Interfaces of Indoor SPI-2210 ............................................................... 3-15

Figure 3.10 Software Structure of Indoor SPI-2210.............................................................. 3-17

Figure 3.11 CC Block Structure ............................................................................................ 3-19

Figure 3.12 OAM Software Structure.................................................................................... 3-21

Figure 3.13 Interface between OAM Blocks ......................................................................... 3-22

Figure 3.14 SNMPD Block ................................................................................................... 3-23

Figure 3.15 OAGS Block ...................................................................................................... 3-24

Figure 3.16 Web-EMT Block ................................................................................................ 3-25

Figure 3.17 CLIM Block........................................................................................................ 3-26

Figure 3.18 PAM Block......................................................................................................... 3-27

Figure 3.19 UFM Block......................................................................................................... 3-29

Figure 3.20 Loader Block ..................................................................................................... 3-30

Figure 3.21 ULM Block......................................................................................................... 3-32

Figure 3.22 OPM Block ........................................................................................................ 3-33

Figure 3.23 OSSM Block...................................................................................................... 3-34

Figure 3.24 OER/OEV Block ................................................................................................ 3-35

Figure 3.25 OCM Block ........................................................................................................ 3-36

Figure 3.26 RDM Block ........................................................................................................ 3-38

Figure 3.27 Redundancy Structure of OAM Block (MMA-S)................................................. 3-39

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Figure 3.28 Redundancy Structure of UCCM (MMA-S) ........................................................3-39

Figure 3.29 MRA-S Redundancy Structure...........................................................................3-40

Figure 3.30 Load Sharing Structure of Backhaul...................................................................3-40

Figure 4.1 Initial Access Process ............................................................................................4-2

Figure 4.2 Authentication Procedure (At the time of initial access) .........................................4-5

Figure 4.3 Authentication Procedure (At the time of the Authenticator Relocation).................4-7

Figure 4.4 Awake Mode Æ Idle Mode Status Change Procedure ...........................................4-8

Figure 4.5 Awake Mode Q Sleep Mode Status Change Procedure ......................................4-10

Figure 4.6 Idle Mode Æ Awake Mode (QCS) Procedure.......................................................4-11

Figure 4.7 Inter-RAS Location Update Procedure.................................................................4-13

Figure 4.8 Inter-ACR Location Update Procedure (CMIP/PMIP Case) .................................4-14

Figure 4.9 Inter-ACR Location Update Procedure (Simple IP Case) ....................................4-16

Figure 4.10 Paging Procedure ..............................................................................................4-18

Figure 4.11 Inter-RAS Handover Procedure .........................................................................4-19

Figure 4.12 Inter-ASN Handover (ASN-Anchored Mobility) ..................................................4-21

Figure 4.13 Inter-ASN Handover (CSN-Anchored Mobility) ..................................................4-23

Figure 4.14 Access Termination (Awake Mode)....................................................................4-25

Figure 4.15 Access Termination (Idle Mode).........................................................................4-26

Figure 4.16 Network Synchronization Flow of Indoor SPI-2210............................................4-27

Figure 4.17 Alarm Signal Flow of Indoor SPI-2210...............................................................4-28

Figure 4.18 Alarm and Control Structure of Indoor SPI-2210................................................4-29

Figure 4.19 Loading Message Flow......................................................................................4-31

Figure 4.20 Operation and Maintenance Signal Flow ...........................................................4-33

Figure 5.1 TTLNA/RET Interface ............................................................................................5-1

Figure 5.2 Web-EMT Interface................................................................................................5-2

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Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

CHAPTER 1. Overview of Mobile

WiMAX System

1.1 Introduction to Mobile WiMAX

The Mobile WiMAX system is the wireless network system that supports IEEE 802.16.

The IEEE 802.16 standard constitutes the basis for Mobile WiMAX, and includes IEEE Std

802.16-2004 which defines the fixed wireless Internet connection service, and IEEE Std

802.16, P802.16-2004/Cor/D3 which defines mobility technology such as handover or

paging.

Mobile WiMAX Standard

In this description, the entire Mobile WiMAX standard is expressed IEEE 802.16.

The wireless LAN (WLAN, Wireless Local Area Network) can provide high speed data

services, but its radio wave is short and covers only small areas, and also gives limited user

mobility. It is difficult for WLAN to ensure Quality of Service (QoS) for data service.

On the contrary, the present mobile communication networks support the mobility of the

users, but the service charge and the cost of system operations are high due to the limited

wireless resources. To provide faster service in the existing mobile communication

networks, it requires a separate wireless communication technology such as High Speed

Packet Access (HSPA) for the data services.

Mobile WiMAX can, therefore, overcome the limitations of the WLAN and present mobile

communication networks, and accommodate only the advantages of the system.

Mobile WiMAX can ultimately provide the high speed wireless internet services with low

cost at any time and in anyplace.

Samsung Mobile WiMAX System provides high speed data services using the transmission

technology of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) by the Time

Division Duplex (TDD), and can give wider coverage compared to the existing WLAN.

The system performance and the capacity have been expanded by the high performance

hardware, and thus, it can easily give various functions and services to the users.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

The Mobile WiMAX system consists of Radio Access Station (RAS), Access Control

Router (ACR) and Mobile WiMAX System Manager (WSM). RAS manages 802.16

Medium Access Control (MAC)/Physical Layer (PHY) function for Mobile Station (MS),

ACR manages various control functions and interworking function between Mobile

WiMAX ASN system and CSN system...

System Support Standards

Network Working Group (NWG) of Mobile WiMAX Forum defines the Mobile WiMAX

network as Access Service Network (ASN) and Connectivity Service Network

(CSN). Samsung’s RAS is Base Station (BS) and ACR is ASN-GW (Gateway) of

ASN, respectively. RAS and ACR are based on ASN Profile C and Wave 2 Profile

defined in the Mobile WiMAX Forum and the Wave 2 Profile contains Wave 1

Profile.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

1.2 Characteristics of the Mobile WiMAX System

The major characteristics of Mobile WiMAX system are listed below.

High Compatibility and Cross-Interworking

The Mobile WiMAX system is based on IEEE 802.16 and complies with Wave 2 Profile

and ASN Profile C of the Mobile WiMAX Forum. Therefore, the Mobile WiMAX system

provides high compatibility and excellent cross-interworking.

High Performance Module Structure

The Mobile WiMAX system has high performance by using high-performance processor

and provides the module structure that it is easy to upgrade hardware and software.

High System Stability

The Mobile WiMAX system provides the redundancy structure for main modules to ensure

higher stability.

Variant Advance RF and Antenna Solution Support

The Mobile WiMAX system supports Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and applies

the power amplifier to support wideband operation bandwidth. In addition, it can readily

support 4-branch diversity and beamforming via upgrading software and additional

hardware. (Beam Form and 4TXs will be an future option )

Evolution Possibility into Next Generation Networking

The Mobile WiMAX system complies with the structure of the Mobile WiMAX ASN

Profile C network and the ASN Profile C network composition is similar to the network

structure considered in 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE)/Service Architecture Evolution

(SAE). Therefore, the Mobile WiMAX system can easily evolve into the next generation

network.

Maintenance Function with Strengthened Security

The Mobile WiMAX system provides the security function (SNMPv3, SSH, SFTP and

HTTPs) to all channels for operation and maintenance. And it provides the operator

Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) function to authenticate the operator

and assign the right for system access and stores the operation history in a log.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

1.3 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration

Mobile WiMAX network is composed of ASN and CSN. ACR and RAS are involved in

ASN and WSM is the Network Element (NE) to manage ACR and RAS. CSN is composed

of AAA server, HA, DNS server and PCRF server. ASN is connected with CSN by router

and switch.

The following diagram shows the composition of Mobile WiMAX network.

Figure 1.1 Mobile WiMAX Network Configuration

Radio Access Station (RAS)

RAS as the system between ACR and MS has the interface with ACR and provides the

wireless connection to MS under IEEE 802.16 standards to support wireless

communication service for subscribers.

RAS carries out wireless signal exchange with MS, modulation/demodulation signal

processing for packet traffic signal, efficient use of wireless resources, packet scheduling

for Quality of Service (QoS) assurance, Admission Control, assignment of wireless

bandwidth, Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) processing and ranging function. In addition,

RAS controls the connection for packet calls and handover.

RAS RAS RAS RAS

WSM

ACR

MS MS MS MS

e Router/Switch

PCRF

Core Router/Switch

CSN

Internet

…

DHCP

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Access Control Router (ACR)

ACR, which is the system between CSN and RAS, enables several RASs to interwork with

IP network, sends/receives traffic between external network and MS, and controls QoS.

The ACR interfaces with the Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) server

using the DIAMETER/RADIUS protocols and with the Policy & Charging Rules

Function(PCRF) server using the Diameter protocol . For Mobile IP services the ACR

interacts with the Home Agent.

Mobile WiMAX System Manager (WSM)

WSM provides the management environment for the operator to operate and maintain ACR

and RAS.

Home Agent (HA)

HA accesses other networks or private networks and enables Mobile IP (MIP) users to

access internet. HA interworks with ACR that performs Foreign Agent (FA) function for

Mobile IPv4 and interworks with MS to exchange data for Mobile IPv6.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Server

The DHCP server allocates IP addresses to simple IP users. When an MS requests an IP

address to be allocated, the DHCP server allocates an IP address by interacting with the

the ACR that functions as a DHCP relay agent.

Authorization, Authentication and Accounting (AAA) Server

AAA server interfaces with ACR and carries out subscriber authentication and accounting

functions. The AAA server interfaces with ACR via Diameter/RADIUS protocol and

provides Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) certification.

Policy & Charging Rules Function (PCRF) Server

The PCRF server is the server that manages the service policy and interfaces with ACR via

Diameter protocol. The PCRF server sends QoS setting information for each user session

and accounting rule information to ACR.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

1.4 Mobile WiMAX System Functions

The figure below shows the functions of the ASN systems (ACR and RAS) based on Profile C.

Each block name complies with the standard of Mobile WiMAX NWG.

Figure 1.2 Configuration of Mobile WiMAX System Functions (Based on Profile C)

The ACR supports the Convergence Sublayer (CS) and performs the packet classification

and Packet Header Suppression (PHS) functions. When the ACR carries out the header

compression function, it supports ROHC defined in the NWG standard.

In addition, the ACR performs the paging controller and location register functions for a

MS in Idle Mode.

In authentication, the ACR performs the authenticator function and carries out the key

distributor function to manage the higher security key by interworking with the AAA server

as an AAA client. At this time, RAS performs the key receiver function to receive the

security key from the key distributor and manage it.

The ACR interworks with the AAA server of CSN for authentication and charging services

and with the HA of CSN for Mobile IP (MIP) service. The ACR as FA of MIP supports

Proxy MIP (PMIP).

ASN

ASN-GW (ACR)

Location Register

Context Function

Handover Function

(Handover Relay)

Authenticator

Key Distributor

SFA

AAA Client

IP Packet Forwarding

Header Compression

Packet Classification

Paging Controller

MIP FA PMIP client

BS (RAS)

Context Function

Handover Function

(Handover Control)

Key Receiver

RRC & RRA

ARQ Operation

MAC PDU

Encapsulation/PHY

SFM

(Admission Control)

DHCP relay agent

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

The RAS performs the Service Flow Management (SFM) function to create/change/release

connections for each Service Flow (SF) and the admission control function while

creating/changing connections. In regard to the SFM function of the RAS, the ACR carries

out the SF Authentication (SFA) and SFID management functions. The ACR carries out the

SFA function to obtain the QoS information from Policy Function (PF) and apply it in the

SF creation and performs the SFID management function to create/change/release SFID

and map SF according to the packet classification.

In handover, the RAS performs the handover control function to determine the execution of

the handover and deal with corresponding handover signaling. The ACR confirms the

neighbor BS list and relays the handover signaling message to the target system.

At this time, the ACR and the RAS carries out the context function to exchange the context

information between the target system and the serving system.

The RAS provides admission control to collect/manage the MS's radio resource information and

the RAS’s own radio resource information (e.g., BSID). When load balancing is required based

on admission control results, it performs resource management through FA overriding and BS init

HO (Handover).

ASN System Function

For the detailed description about the RAS functions, refer to Chapter 2 of this

system description. For the description about the ACR functions, refer to the

system description for ACR provided by Samsung.

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Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

CHAPTER 2. Overview of Indoor SPI-

2210

2.1 Introduction to Indoor SPI-2210

The indoor SPI-2210, RAS of Mobile WiMAX, is controlled by ACR and connects Mobile

WiMAX calls to MS.

The indoor SPI-2210 interfaces with MS via a wireless channel observing the Mobile

WiMAX standard (IEEE 802.16) and provides high-speed data service and multimedia

service in wireless broadband.

To this end, the indoor SPI-2210 provides the following functions:

modulation/demodulation of packet traffic signal, scheduling and radio bandwidth

allocation to manage air resources efficiently and ensure Quality of Service (QoS), Automatic

Repeat Request (ARQ) processing, ranging function, connection control function to

transmit the information on the indoor SPI-2210 and set/hold/disconnect the packet call

connection, handover control and ACR interface function and system operation

management function.

The indoor SPI-2210 interfaces with ACR in one way of Fast Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet

and can exchange various control signals and traffic signals stably.

The indoor SPI-2210 is installed in the indoor environment and managed in the omni or

sector method according to the property of the installed area. In addition, the indoor SPI-

2210 supports the capacity of the maximum 3Carrier/3Sector and MIMO only with the

basic rack.

The characteristics of the indoor SPI-2210 are as follows:

Application of the OFDMA Method

OFDMA is used to transmit data to several users simultaneously by using the sub-carrier

allocated to each user and transmit data by allocating one or more sub-carriers to a specific

subscriber according to the channel status and the transmission rate requested by a user.

In addition, since it can select the sub-carriers with excellent features for each subscriber

and allocate them to the subscribers when some subscribers divide and use the whole sub-

carrier, it can raise the data throughput by distributing the resources efficiently.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Support of Broadband Channel Bandwidth

The indoor SPI-2210 supports wide bandwidth of 5/10 MHz per carrier and high-speed and

high capacity packet service.

Support of 3Carrier/3Sector

The indoor SPI-2210 can support 3Carrier/3Sector by the basic rack.

Support of MIMO

The indoor SPI-2210 basically supports MIMO of 2Tx/2Rx RF path. There are two

methods of MIMO as follows;

y Downlink

Space Time Coding (STC): method for raising reliability of link

Spatial Multiplexing (SM): method for raising data transmission rate

y Uplink

Collaborative SM (CSM): Doubled frequency efficiency

Support of Frequency Reuse Pattern (FRP)

The indoor SPI-2210 supports FRP N=1 that provides the service to 3-sector by using a

carrier and FRP N=3 that provides the service to 3-sector by using different carriers.

A service provider can efficiently operate its own frequency resources by using the FRP

function.

Support of 4-Branch Rx Diversity (Optional)

The indoor SPI-2210 supports 4-branch Rx diversity providing four Rx paths to each sector

to raise the Rx performance. In the indoor SPI-2210, Mobile WiMAX base station RF

Receiver (MRR), an Rx module, should be additionally mounted to support 4-branch Rx

diversity.

Support of Various Frequency Allocation

The indoor SPI-2210 supports various frequency allocation methods such as contiguous

carrier, noncontiguous carrier, FRP N=1 or FRP N=3. The indoor SPI-2210 can apply RF

combiner optionally to such frequency allocation methods.

Support of Beamforming (Optional)

The indoor SPI-2210 is designed as the structure to support beamforming later. The indoor

SPI-2210 mitigates the interference efficiently by uplink and downlink beamforming to

raises the average capacity and expand the data coverage. Also the indoor SPI-2210 needs

the process to calibrate the reciprocity between uplink channel and downlink channel.

Schedule to Provide the System Feature

For the schedule to provide the features described in this system description, see

separate document.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

2.2 Main Functions

The main functions of the indoor SPI-2210 are as follows:

y Physical layer processing function

y Call processing function

y IP processing function

y Auxiliary device interface function

y Convenient operation and maintenance function

2.2.1 Physical Layer Processing Function

OFDMA Ranging

The ranging supported by the OFDMA system is roughly divided by the uplink timing

synchronization method and the contention based bandwidth request method.

y Uplink Timing Synchronization

In the uplink timing synchronization method, the indoor SPI-2210 detects the timing

error of the uplink signal by using the ranging code transmitted from MS and transmits

the timing correction command to each MS to correct the transmission timing of the uplink.

The uplink timing synchronization method has initial ranging, periodic ranging,

handover ranging, etc.

y Contention Based Bandwidth Request

In the contention based bandwidth request method, the indoor SPI-2210 receives the

bandwidth request ranging code from each MS and allocates uplink resources to the

corresponding MS to enable to transmit the bandwidth request header.

The contention based bandwidth request method has bandwidth request ranging or

something.

Channel Encoding/Decoding

The indoor SPI-2210 carries out the Forward Error Correction (FEC) encoding for the

downlink packet created in the upper layer by using Conventional Turbo Code (CTC).

On the contrary, it decodes the uplink packet received from the MS after demodulating.

Modulation/Demodulation

The indoor SPI-2210 carries out the FEC encoding for the downlink packet created in the

upper layer and modulates the encoded packet into the QAM signal. In addition, the indoor

SPI-2210 demodulates and decodes the uplink packet received from MS.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

OFDMA Sub-carrier Allocation

The subchannelization is the process to tie the sub-carriers of OFDMA as a transmission

unit after grouping them by a certain rule. The indoor SPI-2210 performs the

subchannelization to mitigate the interference between cells.

The indoor SPI-2210 maps the column of the modulated downlink QAM symbol structure

with each sub-carrier and carries out the subchannelization when the column of the QAM

symbol structure is transmitted to the MS over the wireless line.

In such way, the indoor SPI-2210 transmits the column of the QAM symbol structure to the

MS via the sub-carriers pertained to each subchannel.

DL/UL MAP Construction

The indoor SPI-2210 informs the air resources for the uplink and the downlink to the MS

by using DL/UL MAP. The DL/UL MAP consists of the scheduling information of the

indoor SPI-2210 and includes various control information for the MS.

Power Control

The indoor SPI-2210 carries out the power control function for the uplink signal received

from multiple MSs and then set the power intensity of the uplink signal to a specific level.

The indoor SPI-2210 transmits the power correction command to each MS and then makes

the MS power intensity be the level required in the indoor SPI-2210 when the MS transmits

the modulated uplink signal in a specific QAM modulation method.

Hybrid-ARQ (H-ARQ) Operation

H-ARQ is the physical layer retransmission method using the stop-and-wait protocol.

The indoor SPI-2210 carries out the H-ARQ function and raises data throughput by re-

transmitting or combining the frame from the physical layer to minimize the effect

attending to the change of wireless channel environment or the change in the interference

signal level.

MIMO

The indoor SPI-2210 provides the MIMO function as follows according to Mobile WiMAX

Wave 2 Profile:

y Downlink

Matrix A (Space-Time Coding)

Transmission ratio of the Matrix A or Space-Time Coding (STC) is 1 and equal to

that of Single Input Single Output (SISO). However The Matrix A or the STC

reduces the error of the signal received from the MS by raising the stability of the

signal received from the MS by means of the Tx diversity. This technology is, also,

effective in Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and provides excellent performance even

when the MS moves in high speed.

− Matrix B (Spatial Multiplexing, vertical encoding)

Matrix B or Spatial Multiplexing (SM) method raises the effectiveness of the

frequency by the number of antennas the transmission ratio in comparison with SISO.

This technology is effective when the reception SNR is high.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

y Uplink

− Collaborative SM (CSM)

Collaborative SM is the technology that doubles the frequency efficiency in view

of the indoor SPI-2210 as two MSs with each individual antenna send data

simultaneously by using the same channel.

Beamforming

The indoor SPI-2210 can carry out the following beamforming function later according to

Mobile WiMAX Wave 2 Profile: For the beamforming, the indoor SPI-2210 is designed on

the basis of 4Tx and 4Rx.

y Downlink

DL dedicated pilots for Partial Usage of Subchannels (PUSC) and B-AMC (2¯3)

y Uplink

UL sounding channel (type A) with decimation and cyclic shift

UL PUSC and B-AMC (2¯3)

The beamforming operation method following the Wave 2 Profile is as follows:

1) If an MS in a specific area transmits the sounding signal to the indoor SPI-2210, the

indoor SPI-2210 analyzes this signal.

2) The indoor SPI-2210 estimates an appropriate beamforming coefficient on the basis of

the result analyzed in step 1).

3) The indoor SPI-2210 carries out the beamforming for the uplink and the downlink.

Since the uplink and downlink channels have the high correlation in TDD method, the

beamforming can be supported.

2.2.2 Call Processing Function

Cell Initialization Function

The indoor SPI-2210 announces the MAC Management message such as DCD/UCD/

MOB_NBR-ADV to the cell area in service periodically to enable the MS receiving the

message to carry out the appropriate call processing function.

Call Control and Wireless Resource Allocation Function

The indoor SPI-2210 enables an MS to enter to or exit from the network. When an MS enters

to or exit from the network, the indoor SPI-2210 transmits/receives the signaling message

required for call processing via R1 interface with the MS or R6 interface with ACR.

The indoor SPI-2210 allocates various management/transport Connection Identifier (CID)

required for the network entry and service to a MS. When the MS exit from the network,

the indoor SPI-2210 collects and release the allocated CID.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Handover

The indoor SPI-2210 carries out the signaling and bearer processing for inter-sector HO

(Handover), inter-ACR HO and inter-carrier HO. At this time, ACR relays the handover

message between serving RAS and target RAS through the R6 interface.

To minimize the traffic disconnection in inter-RAS HO, the indoor SPI-2210 performs the

data switching function. In handover, the indoor SPI-2210 enables the serving RAS to

switch the user data in queuing to the target RAS and, therefore, the MS to recover the

traffic without loss.

Handover Procedure

For the detailed handover procedure, refer to Chapter 4 ‘Message Flow’.

Support of Sleep Mode

Sleep mode is the mode defined to save the MS power under IEEE 802.16 standard and

indicates the status that air resources allocated to an MS are released when the MS does not

need traffic reception/transmission temporarily. If the MS in Sleep Mode needs the traffic

reception/transmission, the MS returns to the normal status immediately.

Both Idle Mode and Sleep Mode are modes to save the MS power. The Idle Mode release

all service flows allocated to an MS, while the Sleep Mode releases only the air resources

between the MS and RAS temporarily, continuously keeping the service flow information

allocated to the MS.

The indoor SPI-2210 carries out the related call processing function by receiving/sending

the signaling message required for the MS's status transition into Sleep Mode and the MS

return from the Sleep Mode to Awake Mode.

Admission Control (AC) Function

If the indoor SPI-2210 receives the call setup request, such as network entry, QCS and

handover, from an MS, it monitors the traffic and signaling load for each subcell and the

number of user in Active/Sleep Mode and performs the AC function to prevent the system

overload.

AC can be roughly divided into AC by MS and AC by service flow.

y AC by MS

If the number of users who the subcell is in Active/Sleep Mode exceeds the threshold

when the indoor SPI-2210 receives the call setup request from an MS, it rejects the

call setup request of the MS.

y AC by service flow

When service flow is added, the indoor SPI-2210 checks if the air resources of the

requested subcell exceed the threshold and determines the creation of the service

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

MAC ARQ Function

The indoor SPI-2210 carries out the ARQ function of the MAC layer. In packet data exchange,

ARQ transmits SDU from the transmission side to the ARQ block and retransmits the

packet according to the ARQ feedback information received from the reception side to

raise the reliability of data communication.

The indoor SPI-2210 carries out the following function for the service flows applying ARQ:

y Creation and transmission concerned with ARQ operation

y Feedback processing depending on ARQ types

y Block processing (fragmentation/reassemble/retransmission) depending on ARQ types

y ARQ timer/window management

QoS Support Function

The packet traffic exchanged between ACR and indoor SPI-2210 is delivered to the modem

in the indoor SPI-2210. At this time, the indoor SPI-2210 allocates the queue in the modem

to each service flow that QoS type is specified to observe the QoS constraint given for each

QoS class or service flow and performs the strict-priority scheduling according to the priority.

The modem that receives the packet traffic performs the scheduling by using the uplink/downlink

algorithm, such as Proportional Fair (PF) or Round Robin (RR) and transmits the

scheduled allocation information to an MS through DL/UL MAP.

The MS receiving the DL/UL MAP checks the air resources allocated to the MS and

modulates/demodulates the downlink packet or transmits the uplink packet from the

allocated uplink area.

Since the indoor SPI-2210 provides the QoS monitoring function, it can compile statistics

on packets unsatisfying the latency requested from the QoS parameter according to TDD

frames and report the statistics to an operator via the OAM interface.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

2.2.3 IP Processing Functions

IP QoS Function

Since the indoor SPI-2210 supports Differentiated Services (DiffServ), it can provide the

backhaul QoS in the communication with ACR.

It supports 8-class DiffServ and supports the mapping between the DiffServ service class

and the service class of the user traffic received from an MS. In addition, the indoor SPI-

2210 supports between Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) and 802.3 Ethernet

MAC service class.

Simultaneous Support of IPv4/IPv6

ACR communicates with the indoor SPI-2210 through the GRE tunnel and the backhaul IP

version between the indoor SPI-2210 and ACR is managed independently from the service

IP version for the MS.

Even if, therefore, IPv4 is used in backhaul between the indoor SPI-2210 and ACR, all of

IPv4, IPv6 and IPv4/IPv6 dual stack services can be supported.

Figure 2.1 IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stack Operation

IP Routing Function

Since the indoor SPI-2210 provides several Ethernet interfaces, it stores the routing table

with the information on the Ethernet interface to route IP packets. The routing table of the

indoor SPI-2210 is configured depending on operator’s setting and the configuration and

the setting of the routing table are similar to the standard setting of the router.

The indoor SPI-2210 supports the static routing configuration only and not the router

function for the traffic received from the outside. When the indoor SPI-2210 connects an

auxiliary device, it supports the IP packet routing function for the auxiliary device by using

Network Address Translation (NAT).

IPv4

IPv6

Dual Stack MS

(IPv4/IPv6)

IPv6 Network

IPv4 Network

Access Network

Dual Stack Processing

Gateway

Core Network

RAS

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Ethernet/VLAN Interface Function

The indoor SPI-2210 provides the Ethernet interface and supports the static link grouping

function, Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) function and Ethernet CoS function under

IEEE 802.3ad for the Ethernet interface. At this time, the MAC bridge function defined in

IEEE 802.1D is excluded.

The indoor SPI-2210 enables several VLAN IDs to be set in one Ethernet interface and

maps the DSCP value of IP header with the CoS value of Ethernet header in Tx packet to

support Ethernet CoS.

2.2.4 Auxiliary Device Interface Function

The indoor SPI-2210 can support better performance service and convenience by supporting

various auxiliary devices.

Wireless Backhaul Interface

The indoor SPI-2210 can mount a wireless backhaul device provided by a service provider

by adding auxiliary shelf to mount additional auxiliary devices. An auxiliary shelf of the

indoor SPI-2210 is equipped with a Power Distribution Panel-Premium Auxiliary (PDP-PA) to

supply the power to the wireless backhaul device. When the server that manages the

wireless backhaul device exist, the indoor SPI-2210 supports the User Define Ethernet

(UDE) port to provide path for maintenance traffic between that server and wireless

backhaul device.

UDA Support

The indoor SPI-2210 receives or sends alarm history from/to outside through UDA.

The indoor SPI-2210 provides a total of 24 UDA Rx ports and 10 UDA Tx ports.

The indoor SPI-2210 provides UDA Tx 1 port to AICU for interoperation with TTLNA.

When subcell output of RAS is blocked by an operator command for the TTLNA receiver

test, the UDA informs the AICU that TTLNA becomes Rx only mode.

An operator uses UDA control commands to expand UDA ports, name UDA ports, and

transmit UDA Tx signals.

Auxiliary Device Interface

The indoor SPI-2210 provides the Ethernet interface to connect auxiliary devices and allocates

IP addresses by operating as a DHCP server for the auxiliary devices such as TTLNA.

In addition, the indoor SPI-2210 provides the traffic path to transmit/receive the maintenance

traffic between an auxiliary device and the remote auxiliary device monitoring server.

If the auxiliary device uses a private IP address, the indoor SPI-2210 carries out the NAT

function to change the address into a public IP address (i.e., the IP address of the indoor

SPI-2210) for the communication with an external monitoring server.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

2.2.5 Maintenance Function

The indoor SPI-2210 interworking with the management system carries out the following

maintenance functions: system initialization and restart, management for system

configuration, management for the operation parameters, failure and status management for

system resources and services, statistics management for system resources and various

performance data, diagnosis management for system resources and services and security

management for system access and operation.

Graphic and Text-based Console Interface

WSM manages the entire Mobile WiMAX system by using Database Management System

(DBMS) and indoor SPI-2210 interworks with this WSM. Moreover, the indoor SPI-2210

interoperates with the console terminal so that the operator can connect to an NE directly

without using the WSM to perform the operational and maintenance functions.

For operator’s convenience and working purpose, the operator can select graphic-based

console interface (Web-based Element Maintenance Terminal, Web-EMT) or text-based

console interface (Integrated Management Interface Shell, IMISH).

The operator can access the console interface with no separate software and log in to Web-

EMT through Internet Explore and IMISH through Secure Shell (SSH) on the command

window.

The operator can carry out the retrieval and setup of the configuration and the operation

information and monitoring about faults, status and statistics via consol terminal.

However, the operator can carry out grow/degrow of resources and setting of the neighbor

list and paging group which have correlation between several NEs only via the WSM.

Operator Authentication Function

The indoor SPI-2210 provides the authentication and the permission management functions

for the operator who manages the Mobile WiMAX system. The operator accesses the

indoor SPI-2210 by using the operator’s ID and password via Web-EMT or IMISH and the

indoor SPI-2210 assigns the operation right in accordance with the operator’s level.

The indoor SPI-2210 carries out the logging function for successful access, access failure

and login history.

Maintenance Function with Enhanced Security Function

For the security, the indoor SPI-2210 supports Simple Network Management Protocol

version 3 (SNMPv3) and SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) in the communication with

WSM and Hyper Text Transfer Protocol over SSL (HTTPs) and Secure Shell (SSH) in the

communication with console terminals.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

On-line Software Upgrade

When a software package is upgraded, the indoor SPI-2210 can upgrade the package while

running old version of software package. The package upgrade is progressed in the following

procedure: ‘Add New Package Æ Change to New package Æ Delete Old Package’.

In package upgrade, the service is stopped temporarily because the old process is

terminated and the new process is started in the ‘Change to New package’ stage.

However, since OS is not restarted, the service will be provided again within a few minutes.

After upgrading software, the indoor SPI-2210 updates the package stored in a non-volatile

storage.

In addition, the indoor SPI-2210 can re-perform the ‘Change to New package’ stage to roll

back into the previous package before upgrade.

Call Trace Function

The indoor SPI-2210 supports the call trace function for a specific MS. The indoor SPI-

2210 can carry out the call trace function up to 10 MSs. If a call occurs in the MS that an

operator previously specified via ACR, the signaling message and statistical traffic data are

transmitted to WSM. Besides, the indoor SPI-2210, also, sends the RF environment

information, such as Carrier-to-Interference-and-Noise-Ratio (CINR) for MS, Modulation

and Coding Schemes (MCS) level and Burst Error Rate (BER).

Detailed Information for Each Session and Service Flow (PSMR/PSFMR)

The Mobile WiMAX system of Samsung collects and stores detailed information of all

sessions (Per Session Measurement Record, PSMR) and detailed information of all service

flows (Per Service Flow Measurement Record, PSFMR) to provide it to an external log

server. When a session or service flow is created, the Mobile WiMAX system starts to

collect relevant information, and when the session or service flow terminates, the system

creates and stores a message in a file so that the external log server can collect the message.

The information collected by the ACR includes session termination time, initial and final

handover information (handover types, cell information), and the MAC address and IP

address allocated to the MS. The RAS collects such information as MS MAC addresses,

continued session time, continued service flow time, turnaround time for network entry,

CID, SFID, initial and final wireless quality information (RSSI, CINR, Tx power), and

throughput information.

The ACR deliver the information collected by ACR to the RAS, and the RAS creates and

stores a file for each period.

Threshold Cross Alert (TCA) Control

The indoor SPI-2210 defines under/over threshold for statistics. When a statistical value

collected at Bucket Interval (15, 30, and 60 minutes) is lower than the under threshold, it

generates an under TCA alarm. When the value is higher than the over threshold, it

generates an over TCA alarm. The alarms are reported to the WSM. TCA can enable or

disable details of each statistical group and set a threshold per severity.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

IEEE 802.3ah

The indoor SPI-2210 provides IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet OAM for a backhaul interface.

Although IEEE 802.3ah OAM pertains the PHY layer, it is located in the MAC layer so

that it can be applied to all IEEE 802.3 PHYs. It creates or processes 802.3ah OAM frames

according to the functions defined in the specification.

Ethernet OAM continuously monitors the connection between links at each end, and also

monitors discovery, remote loopback, and error packets which deliver important link events

such as Dying Gasp. It also includes a link monitoring function which delivers event

notification in the event of threshold errors, and a variable retrieval function for 802.3ah

standard MIB.

The indoor SPI-2210 supports 802.3ah Ethernet OAM passive mode such as responding to

802.3ah OAM which is triggered in external active mode entities and loopback mode

operation, and sending event notification.

Integrity Check

The indoor SPI-2210 proactively checks whether system configuration or operation

information (PLD) is in compliance with operator commands during system loading or

operation, and also checks whether system settings are OK and there is no problem with

call processing. If the result is not OK, it sends an alarm to the operator. That is, it checks

whether system configuration meets the minimum configuration conditions for call

processing or whether all operation information consists of valid values within an

appropriate range. The result is reported to the operator to help with correction of errors.

OAM Traffic Throttling

The indoor SPI-2210 provides a function that suppresses OAM related traffic which can

occur in the system depending on the operator command. The OAM related traffic includes

fault trap messages for alarm reports and statistics files that are created periodically.

In a fault trap, the operator can use an alarm inhibition command to suppress alarm

generation for all or some of system fault traps. This helps control alarm traffic. In a statistics

file, the operator can use commands for statistics collection configuration to control the

size of statistics file by disabling collection functions of each statistics group.

Throughput Test

The indoor SPI-2210 provides a throughput test for the backhaul to the ACR. The indoor

SPI-2210 supports a server and client function for throughput tests.

The operator can set up target IP addresses, test duration, and bandwidths for throughput

tests, and check throughput and loss as test results. However, as the throughput test affects

system performance and call services, it is recommended not to perform the test during in-

service.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

System Log Control

The indoor SPI-2210 provides a log and log control function per application. An application

log can be created by an operator command or its debug level can be set. The operator can

usually keep the log function disabled, and when the log function is necessary, he can

change the debug level (Very Calm, Calm, Normal, Detail, Very Detail) to enable logging

and log save functions.

However, enabling log functions for many applications while the indoor SPI-2210 is

running may affect the system performance.

Disabling Zero Code Suppression (ZCS)

The indoor SPI-2210 collects statistics data and generates statistics files periodically.

The WSM collects these statistics files. A statistics file is composed of the header used to

indicate a statistics group and its detailed index (for example, a specific carrier, sector, CPU,

port, etc.) and the statistics data for that index.

In a statistics period, the statistics data for a specific index can become zero in a statistics

file in the following cases:

y When the index does not actually exist in the configuration.

y When the index exists in the configuration but its statistics data collected during that

period is zero.

Therefore, the Disabling ZCS function, which sets the zero data flag in the sub index

header, is provided to recognize the two cases separately.

Therefore, to distinguish the two cases above, the Disabling ZCS function is provided.

This function sets (1) or clears (0) the zero data flag in the index header.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

2.3 Specifications

Capacity

The capacity of the Indoor SPI-2210 is as follows:

Category System Capacity

Channel Bandwidth 10 MHz

RF Band - 2496MHz ~ 2596MHz (BW: 100MHz)

- 2640.5MHz ~ 2673.5MHz (BW: 33MHz)

- 2624MHz ~ 2690MHz(BW: 66MHz)

Maximum Number of Carriers/Sectors 3Carrier/3Sector

Interface between ACR-SPI-2210 Select one of Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet

FFT size/Carrier/sector 512/1,024

Channel Card Capacity 1Carrier/1Sector

Rx Diversity 4-branch Rx Diversity (optional)

MIMO MIMO (2Tx/2Rx)

BF 4 path BF (optional)

Output Antenna Port-based

- 10 W/Carrier/Path @ 10 MHz

Input Power

The table below lists the power standard for the indoor SPI-2210. The indoor SPI-2210

satisfies the electrical safety standard prescribed in UL60950.

Category Standard

System Input Voltage -48 VDC (Voltage Variation Range: -40~-56 VDC)

System Input Voltage

If the system input voltage that the service provider wants is AC, it can be supplied

via a separate external rectifier.

Rack Size and Weight

The table below lists the rack size and weight of the indoor SPI-2210. The rack height

includes the foot part of the rack.

Category Standard

SMIR 1,800 (H) x 600 (W) x 600 (D)

Rack size(mm)

SMIR-A added 1,800 (H) x 735 (W) x 600 (D)

Rack Weight (kg) About 300 or less

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Environmental Condition

The table below lists the environmental conditions and related standards such as

operational temperature and humidity.

Category Range Applied Standard

Temperature Conditiona) 0~50°C (32~122°F) -

Humidity Conditiona) 5~95%

However, the vapor content for air

of 1 kg should not exceed 0.024 kg.

GR-487-CORE Sec.3.34.2

Altitude -60~1,800 m (-197~6,000 ft) GR-63-CORE Sec.4.1.3

Earthquake Zone 4 GR-63-CORE Sec.4.4.1

Vibration Commercial Transportation Curve 2 GR-63-CORE Sec.4.4.4

Noise (sound pressure level) Under 65 dBA in height of 1.5 m

and distance of 0.6 m.

GR-63-CORE

(Issue 2, April, 2002)

Sec.4.6

Electromagnetic Wave (EMI) Standard satisfied FCC Title47 Part 15 Class A

GR-1089-CORE Sec. 3.2

US Federal Regulation Standard satisfied FCC Title47 Part27

a) The standards of temperature/humidity conditions are based on the value on the position where is 400 mm

(15.8 in) away from the front of the system and in the height of 1.5 m (59 in) on the bottom.

Environmental Alarm

The table below lists the environmental alarm provided in the indoor SPI-2210 in default.

Category Description

Fan controller (FCM) Status Fan controller (FCM) Fail Report

Temperature Alarm High Temperature

Fan Fail - Digital Main Block (DMB) Fan Fail

- RF Block (RFB) Fan Fail

GPSR Specification

The table below lists the GPS Receiver (GPSR) characteristics of indoor SPI-2210.

Category Description

Received Signal from GPS 1PPS, ToD

Reference signal 8 kHz

Accuracy/Stability 0.01 ppm

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

RF Specification

The table below lists the RF characteristics of the indoor SPI-2210.

Category Description

Tx Output Power 20 W @avg power (MIMO) per carrier/sector

Tx Constellation error 802.16 standard is observed.

RX Sensitivity 802.16 standard is observed.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

2.4 System Configuration

The indoor SPI-2210 is basically composed of SMIR and SMIR-A is added to the basic

rack to mount an auxiliary device when service provider’s auxiliary device exists.

y Samsung Mobile WiMAX base station Indoor Rack (SMIR)

Basic rack of the indoor SPI-2210

y Samsung Mobile WiMAX base station Indoor Rack-Auxiliary (SMIR-A)

Separate rack to mount an auxiliary device (optional)

FAN-PIR: FAN-Premium Indoor RFB

RFB: RF Block

PDP-PIR: Power Distribution Panel-Premium Indoor Redundancy

FCM: Fan Control Module

AICU: Antenna Interface Control Unit

FAN-PID: FAN-Premium Indoor DMB

DMB: Digital Main Block

Figure 2.2 SMIR Configuration

[Close Door] [Open Door]

RFB

FAN-PIR

PDP-PIR

AICU

FAN-PID

DMB

FCM

FAN-PIR

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

The indoor SPI-2210 provides up to 3Carrier/3Sector capacities and basically supports

MIMO, which is 802.16 Wave 2 standard. The indoor SPI-2210 can support 4-branch Rx

diversity only with the basic rack (SMIR).

SMIR-A can be added to the basic rack (SMIR) of the indoor SPI-2210 as shown in the

figure below:

PDP-PA: Power Distribution Panel-Premium Auxiliary

Figure 2.3 SMIR Configuration (SMIR-A is added)

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

2.5 Interface between Systems

2.5.1 Interface Structure

The indoor SPI-2210 interfaces with another RAS and ACR as shown in the figure below:

Figure 2.4 Structure of Indoor SPI-2210 Interface

Interface between Indoor SPI-2210 and MS

The indoor SPI-2210 interfaces with an MS according to the IEEE 802.16 radio access

standard to exchange the control signal and the subscriber traffic.

Interface between Indoor SPI-2210 and ACR

The interface between an ACR and the indoor SPI-2210 in the same ASN is R6 and its

physical access method is GE/FE. The R6 is the interface between ACR and RAS defined

in Mobile WiMAX NWG and is composed of signaling plane (IP/UDP/R6) and bearer

plane (IP/GRE).

Interface between Indoor SPI-2210 and WSM

The interface between the indoor SPI-2210 and the WSM complies with SNMPv2c or

SNMPv3c of IETF standard, SFTP and Samsung's proprietary standard and its physical

access method is GE/FE.

CSN

AAA

ACR

R3 (Diameter/RADIUS, MIP, DHCP)

R1 (802.16)

SNMP,

SFTP

PCRF

WSM

Indoor

SPI-2210 RAS

RAS

ASN

DHCP

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

2.5.2 Protocol Stack

Protocol Stack between NEs

The figure below shows the protocol stack between NEs.

Figure 2.5 Protocol Stack between NEs

The indoor SPI-2210 interworks with MSs via R1 interface according to IEEE 802.16

standard and the interface between the indoor SPI-2210 and ACR is R6 interface.

The R6 signaling interface is executed on UDP/IP and the R6 traffic interface uses the GRE

tunnel.

Protocol Stack for Operation and Maintenance

Figure 2.6 Protocol Stack between Indoor SPI-2210 and WSM

The ACR interworks with WSM in IP/UDP-based SNMP method to carry out the operation

and maintenance functions. In particular, the indoor SPI-2210 interworks with WSM in

IP/TCP-based SFTP (FTP over SSH) method to collect the statistical data periodically,

initialize & restart the system and download software.

PHY

802.16

MAC

802.16

PHY

MAC

GRE

(R6)

MS RAS

GRE

(R6)

PHY

WSM

RAS

Application

FTP

TCP

SSH

FTP

TCP

SSH

Application

SNMP

UDP UDP

SNMP

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

2.5.3 Physical Interface Operation Method

ASN Interface

The indoor SPI-2210 provides Ethernet interface as an ASN interface and can select the

type of interfaces depending on the network configuration. At this time, more than one

types of interfaces cannot be operated simultaneously. The number of interfaces can be

optionally managed depending on the capacity and the required bandwidth of the indoor

SPI-2210.

The types of interfaces are as follows:

Interface Type Number of Ports per

Board

Number of Ports per

System

100/1000Base-T (RJ-45) 4 4

100Base-FX (SFF) 4 4

1000Base-X (GBIC) 2 2

Ethernet

1000BaseX (SFP)

100/1000Base-T (RJ-45)

(Simultaneous operation)

Ethernet interface operate several links as 802.3ad (static)-based static link aggregation,

MLPPP and Point-to-Point protocol (PPP), separately.

The operation and maintenance interface (interface with WSM) is operated in in-band

method, which shares the common user traffic interface.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

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Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

CHAPTER 3. Indoor SPI-2210

Architecture

3.1 System Configuration

The indoor SPI-2210 is roughly composed of two blocks (DMB and RFB), PDP-PIR and

auxiliary device part.

Digital Main Block (DMB)

The DMB operates and maintains the indoor SPI-2210, enables the indoor SPI-2210 to

interface with ACR and provides the communication path between processors in the system.

The DMB creates the reference clock, provides the clock to the lower hardware block and

performs the signal processing function for the subscriber signal.

RF Block (RFB)

The RFB is equipped with MRU-2 which integrates transceiver, power amplifier, filter and

TDD switch.

The MRU-2 changes the signal received from an external antenna or MRA-S of the DMB

into RF or baseband signal and transmits to the MRA-S or the external antenna.

When the indoor SPI-2210 supports 4-branch Rx diversity on a user’s request, Mobile

WiMAX base station RF Receiver (MRR), which is a dedicated Rx module, and Mobile

WiMAX base station Combiner Unit (MCU) to combine noncontiguous carriers in the

frequency band can be mounted on RFB.

Power Distribution Panel-Premium Indoor Redundancy (PDP-PIR)

The PDP-PIR receives DC power via a rectifier composed in a separate rack and distributes

the power to each block in the corresponding rack. An operator can control the DC power

supply by switching on/off the circuit breaker in the front of the PDP-PIR.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Auxiliary Device Part

The auxiliary device part is a separate shelf to mount auxiliary modules for the operator’s

convenient network operation. The modules to be mounted on the auxiliary device part are

provided by service provider.

The internal configuration of the indoor SPI-2210 is as shown in the figure below:

Figure 3.1 Internal Configuration of Indoor SPI-2210

According to frequency allocation history and FRP condition of carriers, the MCU can be

mounted between the MRU-2 and an antenna of the indoor SPI-2210.

GE/FE

RF signal

(2Rx per sector)

RFB

DMB

GPS

ACR

MRU

#0~8 MRR #0~1

RF signal

(2Tx/2Rx per Sector)

MRA-S

#0~8, R

MEI

MMA-S(A/B)

Sys./80 msec/Ref.

1PPS

GE/FE

Samsung Digital I/Q & OAM

Data Traffic

Samsung Digital I/Q & OAM

(Traffic/Control/Alarm/Clock)

Alarm/Control

Clock

MCU

Antenna

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.2 Detailed Structure

3.2.1 Digital Main Block (DMB)

The DMB operates and maintains the indoor SPI-2210, is in charge of the interface

between the indoor SPI-2210 and the router and provides the communication path between

processors in the system. In addition, the DMB creates a clock, provides the clock to the

lower hardware block and performs the channel processing function for the subscriber signal.

When the indoor SPI-2210 transmits a signal to an MS, the DMB performs the OFDMA

signal processing for the traffic signal received from the ACR and then converts the signal

via the ‘Samsung Digital I/Q and OAM’ converter to transmit it to RFB. On the contrary, if

the indoor SPI-2210 receives a signal from an MS, the DMB receives the ‘Samsung Digital

I/Q and OAM’ signal from the RFB, performs the OFDMA signal processing for the signal

and transmits the signal to the ACR.

Main Functions

y Creation and distribution of the reference clock

y Fast Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet interface with ACR

y Fault diagnosis and alarm collection and control

y Alarm report

y Channel resource management

y OFDMA signal processing

y Automatic Gain Control (AGC) for the received RF signal and Received Signal

Strength Indicator (RSSI) support

The DMB is configured as shown in the figure below:

Figure 3.2 DMB Configuration

SMIR

DMB

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Board

Name

Quantity

(Sheet) Function

MBB-P 1 Mobile WiMAX base station Backplane Board-Premium

- DMB backboard

- Signal routing function for traffic, control signal, clock, power, etc.

MRA-S Max. 10 Mobile WiMAX base station RAS board Assembly-Standard

- Subscriber data traffic processing

- OFDMA Processing

- 1Carrier/1Sector MIMO

- ‘Samsung Digital I/Q and OAM’ data formatting

- N:1 redundancy support only for 1st carrier

MMA-S Max. 2 Mobile WiMAX base station Main control board Assembly-Standard

- Main system processor

- Call processing, resource allocation and OAM

- Reception of the GPS signal and creation and supply of the clock

- Alarm collection and report to the upper

- FE/GE interface support with ACR

- Redundancy support

MEI 1 Mobile WiMAX base station External Interface board assembly

- User Defined Alarm (UDA) provided

- User Defined Ethernet (UDE) provided

- Alarm interface (RS-485) for rectifier provided

- TDD signal support for auxiliary devices

- FE/GE interface support with ACR

Mobile WiMAX base station RAS board Assembly-Standard (MRA-S)

The MRA-S is equipped with the modem supporting IEEE 802.16 Mobile WiMAX

standard physical layer (PHY) and the modem performs the OFDMA signal processing

function by the control of the MMA-S.

The MRA-S modulates the packet data received through the MMA-S, converts the

modulated signal into the ‘Samsung Digital I/Q and OAM’ format and transmits to the MRU-2.

In the contrary, the MRA-S demodulated the data received from the MRU-2 after performing the

AGC function, converts the data into the format defined in the IEEE 802.16 Mobile WiMAX

physical layer standard and then transmits the converted data to the MMA-S via Ethernet.

The MRA-S supports 1carrier/1sector 2Tx/2Rx MIMO in default and can support 4-branch

Rx diversity.

The MRA-S can support N:1 Redundancy only for 1st carrier to continuously support

service to the corresponding sector if a fault occurs in a certain sector when the indoor SPI-

2210 serves the service by using a carrier initially.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Mobile WiMAX base station Main control board Assembly-Standard (MMA-S)

The MMA-S carries out the main processor function and the GPS reception function.

The MMA-S has the redundancy configuration for reliability.

y Main Processor Function

The MMA-S is the board that carries out the role as the highest layer in the indoor

SPI-2210 and is equipped with the main processor. The main processor of the MMA-S

performs the functions, such as communication path setting between MS and ACR,

Ethernet switch function in the indoor SPI-2210, system operation and maintenance

and TDD signal control.

The MMA-S manages the status of all hardware and software in the indoor SPI-2210

and reports each status information to WSM via ACR. In addition, the MMA-S

allocates and manages the resources of the indoor SPI-2210 and the connection of the

MMA-S and a PC for the Web-EMT enables to maintain the indoor SPI-2210 with no

interworking with ACR.

The MMA-S has the redundancy configuration of active/standby to allow the standby

MMA-S to replace the function of the active MMA-S when a fault occurs in the active

MMA-S.

y GPS Reception and Clock Distribution Function

The MMA-S is equipped with Universal Core Clock Module (UCCM) for GPS

reception. The UCCM enables each block of the indoor SPI-2210 to be operated in the

synchronized clock system. The UCCM mounted on the MMA-S creates the system

clocks[56 MHz, 12.5 Hz (80 msec), PP2S, analog 10 MHz, 61.44 MHz] by using the

reference signal received from a GPS and distributes them to the hardware blocks in

the system. These clocks are used to maintain the internal synchronization of the

indoor SPI-2210 and operate the system.

If no GPS signal is received due to a fault, the UCCM carries out the holdover

function to provide the normal clock for a certain time as provided in the existing

system. In addition, if a fault occurs in the UCCM of the active MMA-S, the

redundancy status between the UCCMs of the active MMA-S and the standby MMA-S

is switched and then the redundancy status between MMA-Ss is, also, switched

immediately.

y Network Interface Function

The MMA-S interfaces with an ACR in Gigabit Ethernet or Fast Ethernet method.

At this time, the Ethernet interface with the ACR is duplicated in the link aggregation

method. The MMA-S can provide maximum two Gigabit Ethernet ports or four Fast

Ethernet ports per board, and support the link aggregation redundancy method.

The MMA-S can be divided as follows depending on the interface types provided by

MMA-S, and service provider can choose the interface type.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

MMA-SC: Four 100/1000Base-T Copper ports

MMA-SF: Four 100Base-FX Small Form factor Fixed (SFF) ports

MMA-SM: Two 100/1000Base-T ports and two 1000Base-X Small Form factor

Pluggable (SFP) ports

MMA-SG: Two 1000Base-X Gigabit Interface Converter (GBIC) ports

Mobile WiMAX base station External Interface board assembly (MEI)

External Alarm Interface and Additional Ethernet Interface

The MEI provides Fast Ethernet interface for UDE in the indoor SPI-2210 and the path for

the alarm information generated in external devices including UDE and reports the alarm

information to the MMA-S.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.2.2 RF Block (RFB)

The RFB is equipped with the MRU-2, which is the integrated RF module, in default and

the MCU for combining between noncontiguous carriers in the same sector according to the

service provider’s frequency operation plan.

Main Functions

y High-power amplification of RF transmission signal

y Interface for traffic, alarm, control signal and TDD signal by interfacing with the

MRA-S in ‘Samsung Digital I/Q and OAM’ method

y Upconversion/downconversion of frequency

y Gain control of RF Rx/Tx signal

y Rx/Tx RF signal from/to an antenna

y Suppression of out-of-band spurious wave emitted from RF Rx/Tx signal

y Low noise amplification of band-pass filtered RF Rx signal

y TDD switching function for Tx/Rx path

y MRU-2 output combining function when various noncontiguous carriers are supported.

y Support of additional RF Rx path for 4-branch Rx diversity (optional)

The RFB is configured as follows:

Figure 3.3 RFB Configuration

SMIR

RFB

MCU-0 MCU-1 MCU-2

RFB

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Board

Name

Qtty.

(Sheet) Function

MRU-2 Max. 9 Mobile WiMAX base station RF Unit-20 MHz

- RF upconversion/downconversion

- Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) function

- TDD switch to separate the Tx/Rx path

- MIMO (2Tx/2Rx) RF path

- RF high-power amplification

- Suppression of the spurious waves out-of-band

- 20W (10W x 2Carrier)/Sector/Carrier output from each of two Tx

antenna ports

- Support of 2Carrier/1Sector per MRU-2

- Filter part connected to an antenna

MRR Max. 2 Mobile WiMAX base station RF receiver

- Six dedicated Rx modules to support 4-branch Rx diversity

- Support of 2Carrier/3Sector per MRR

- Sharing of the mounted space with MRU-2 slot #6 and #7

- Optional

MCU Max. 3 Mobile WiMAX RF Combiner Unit

- One sheet of MCU per sector when several noncontiguous carriers

(two or three carriers) are supported

- Combining the MRU-2 output

- MCU-2 (2way) or MCU-3 (3way) is mounted as applicable

Mobile WiMAX base station RF Unit-20 MHz (MRU-2)

The MRU-2 is the integrated RF unit that transceiver, power amplifier, TDD switch and

filter in the existing RAS are integrated into a module and supports the contiguous

bandwidth of 20 MHz. In short, up to two carriers can be supported by the MRU-2 in the

contiguous 10 MHz carrier over the frequency domain.

In addition, the MRU-2 supports 2Rx/Tx 2Tx/2Rx RF path per MRU-2 for the support of

MIMO and transmits 20W(10W x 2carrier) RF power per Tx path.

There are 3 kinds of MRU-2 according to operating frequency and frequency bandwidth.

- MRU-2FH (FH block) : 2640.5MHz~2673.5MHz (33MHz)

- MRU-2LB (LBS) : 2496MHz~2596MHz (100MHz)

- MRU-2UB (UBS) : 2624MHz~2690MHz(66MHz)

As for the downlink signal, the MRU-2 combines the baseband signal received from the

MRA-S via the ‘Samsung Digital I/Q and OAM’ interface according to sectors/carriers and

then converts it into the analog RF signal through Digital to Analog Conversion (DAC).

This RF signal is transmitted to an antenna through the filter part via the power

amplification process.

As for the uplink signal, the frequency of the signal received through the filter part of the

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

MRU-2 is down converted by the Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) and converted into the

baseband signal via the Analog to Digital Conversion (ADC) process. This baseband signal

is transmitted to the MRA-S via the ‘Samsung Digital I/Q and OAM’ interface.

Mobile WiMAX base station RF Receiver (MRR)

On the service provider’s request of 4-branch Rx diversity to enhance the Rx performance

of the system, the 4-branch Rx diversity can be supported by additionally mounting a MRR

to the indoor SPI-2210.

The MRR is the dedicated RF Rx module to support six Rx paths and can support two Rx

paths per sector. The MRR can serve 2-carrier located within the 72 MHz band for each

module.

If the MRR is provided, the MRR is mounted on MRU-2 slot #6 and #7. The MRR is

provided to service providers optionally.

Mobile WiMAX base station Combiner Unit -2way(MCU-2)

If the Indoor SPI-2210 supports several 2 noncontiguous carriers located on the frequency

domain in any sector, the MCU-2 is mounted one by one per sector. MCU-2 outputs two

Tx paths combined into one path and MCU-3 outputs three Tx paths combined into one

path.

There are 3 kinds of MCU-2 according to combined frequency segments.

- MCU-2A

: 2496~2596MHz(MRU-2LB) + 2624~2690MHz(MRU-2FH or MRU-2UB)

- MCU-2B

: 2625.5~2635.5MHz(MRU-2UB)+2642~2672MHz(MRU-2FH or MRU-2UB)

- MCU-2C

: 2642~2672MHz(MRU-2FH or MRU-2UB)+2678.5~2688.5MHz(MRU-2UB)

MCU-3 (Mobile WiMAX base station Combiner Unit-3way)

If SPI-2210 supports 3 noncontiguous carriers in any sector, MCU-3 is

mounted instead of MCU-2. MCU-3 outputs three Tx paths combined

into one path.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.2.3 PDP-PIR

PDP-PIR is mounted on the top of the indoor SPI-2210.

Figure 3.4 PDP-PIR Configuration

Board Name Quantity Function

PDP-PIR 1 Power Distribution Panel-Premium Indoor Redundancy

PDP-PIR receives DC power via a rectifier and distributes it to

each block in a rack.

MRU-2/MRR on the RFB, AICU, Fan Control Module and auxiliary device part receive

-48 VDC from the PDP-PIR and the FCM branches the supplied power to four fans in the

indoor SPI-2210. The PDP-PIR supplies the power to each board of DMB via MBB-P and

each board uses -48 VDC supplied after converting into the required power for the

corresponding board.

Antenna Interface Control Unit (AICU)

The AICU is the unit to supply the power and to receive/transmit alarm/control

message to TTLNA (service provider’s optional device). For more detailed

information, refer to section ‘5.1’.

PDP-PIR

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

PDP-PIR is redundant to supply -48 VDC to MBB-P through two routes. Each route is

divided into two input powers, and the boards of DMB are supplied with the power

composed of ORing from the two input powers.

The figure below shows the power layout indicating the type of the powers supplied to the

PDP-PIR from the rack input power source and their connection points:

Figure 3.5 Power Structure

Filter

A-path

B-path

FCM

MBB-P

-48 VDC -48 VDC -48 VDC

PDP-PIR

PDP-PA

Filter

-48

Filter

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.2.4 Radiation Structure

The indoor SPI-2210 is equipped with DMB cooling fan (FAN-PID) that two fans organize

a set and three RFB cooling fans (FAN-PIR). In addition, the FCM is mounted on the

indoor SPI-2210 to control fans.

Figure 3.6 Fan and Related Devices

Board Name Quantity Function

FAN-PIR Max. 3 FAN module-Premium Indoor RFB

RFB cooling fan

Fan

FAN-PID 1 FAN module-Premium Indoor DMB

DMB cooling fan

FCM 1 Fan Control Module

FAN-PIR

FCM

FAN-PIR FAN-PIR

FAN-PID

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

The indoor SPI-2210 keeps the internal temperature of the rack to ensure the normal

operation of the system as shown in the figure below:

Figure 3.7 Radiation Structure of Indoor SPI-2210

The FCM as a fan controller of the indoor SPI-2210 detects the internal temperature of the

system via the temperature sensor attached inside the system and controls the speed of the

fan rotation. The FCM collects the fan status as Open (fault)/Close (Normal) and reports to

the upper layer.

DMB cooling fan (FAN-PID) and RFB cooling fans (FAN-PIR) controlled by the FCM

operates in low speed when the system internal temperature is low and in high speed when

high.

Hot Air Exhaust

Cool Air Intake

Dust Filter

Top Space

FAN

MRU

Air Baffle

MCU

MRU

Air Baffle

AICU

DMB Cooling Fan

MRU-2 Cooling Fan

DMB

Air Baffle

FAN

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.2.5 I/O Module

The I/O module is configured as shown in the figure below:

Figure 3.8 I/O Module Configuration

Board Name Quantity Function

UTIM 1 UDE and TDD IO Module

UDE (3), TDD (2), fan alarm (1), Temperature sensor (1),

Form C control (1) port

FCIM 1 Form C Interface Module

4 ports Form C interface module

UAIM 1 User Defined Alarm IO Module

24 Rx/6 Tx UDA alarm port module

LPME Max. 4 Line Protection Module for Ethernet

100/1000Base-T trunk line protection module

OCIM Max. 2 Optic Cable IO Module

FE/GE optic trunk cable stiffener

SMIM 1 SMA IO Module

SMA connector termination stiffener for AICU output connected to

TTLNA

a) Ethemet copper backhaul

Upper I/O Module

b) Ethemet optic backhaul

c) Ethernet Copper and Optic(Hybrid)

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

(Continued)

Board Name Quantity Function

RJIM 1 RJ-45 IO Module

RJ-45 connector cable termination stiffener (Optional Item)

GPSM 1 GPS IO Module

GPS antenna cable termination stiffener

3.2.6 External Interface Structure

The layout of indoor SPI-2210 interfaces is as shown in the figure below:

Figure 3.9 External Interfaces of Indoor SPI-2210

-48 VDC

PDP-PI

FE for UDE

TTL for Form C control

RS-485 or others from/to Rectifier

LVTTL for TDD Out

Analog to temperature sensor

Open/Short for UDA

Open/Short from FCM

FE from/to AICU

FE to Consol

RS-232 for Debug port

From GPS Ant

Samsung Digital I/Q and OAM

from/to MRA-S

6Tx (2Tx x 3Sector) ports to Ant.

6Rx (2Rx x 3Sector) ports from Ant.

RF output monitoring

RS-232 for Debug

External Alarm

Control

MEI

-S

Main Processing

Clock Processing

RS-232 for Debug-0

RS-232 for Debug-1

Samsung Digital I/Q and OAM

from/to MRU-2

Baseband

Processing

Samsung Digital

I/Q and OAM path

-S

Power

conversion &

Distribution

Open/Short to 4fans

Open/Short to MEI

FCM

Internal Fan

Alarm & Control

DC Power to TTLNA

Alarm & Control from/to TTLNA

FE from/to AICU

TTLNA

Power feed/

Alarm & Control

ICU

6Rx (2Rx x 3Sector) ports

from antenna

MRR

Received RF

Processing

Samsung Digital

I/Q and

OAM

ath

MRU-2

RF Processing

FE or GE from/to ACR FE/GE Network

Interface

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

The external interfaces provided in the indoor SPI-2210 are as listed in the table below:

Category Interface Type Port

Numbers Connector Type

1000Base-X, 100/1000Base-TX 2

1000Base-X: SFP (LC)

100/1000Base-Tx: RJ-45

100/100Base-TX 4 RJ-45

1000Base-X 2 GBIC (LC)

Backhaul

100Base-FX 4 SFF (LC)

GPS Antenna Analog RF 1 N-type

GPS Splitter Analog RF 1 N-type

UDE 10/100Base-TX 2 RJ-45

Form C 60 VDC/5A 4 Terminal Block

TDD LVTTL (at MEI) 1 SMA

TDD LVTTL (at UTIM) 1 SMA

UDA (6Tx/24Rx) Open/Short 1 68Pin Champ

Rectifier Interface RS-485 or others 1 RJ-45

TTLNA Control DC power/TDD/Alarm 6 SMA

Antenna Interface Analog (Main Traffic) MAX 12 N-type

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3 Software Structure

3.3.1 Basic Structure

The components of the indoor SPI-2210 software is shown below: Operating System (OS),

Device Driver (DD), Middleware (MW), Network Processor Software (NPS), IP Routing

Software (IPRS), and application. The application is divided by Call Control (CC) block

for the call processing and the OAM block for operation and maintenance of the indoor

SPI-2210.

Figure 3.10 Software Structure of Indoor SPI-2210

Operating System (OS)

OS initializes and controls the hardware device, and runs the software operation in the

hardware. To operate the software, OS uses the embedded Linux OS, and manages the dual

software processes. Then, OS provides various functions efficiently with limited resources.

Middleware (MW)

MW helps the smooth operation between OS and application under various types of

hardware environment, and to achieve this, MW provides various services: message

delivery service between applications, event notification service, High Availability (HA)

service for duplex managing and data backup, debugging utility services. In addition, the

MW provides the systematic and strong management of the account, the authority and the

authentication function.

MW IPRS

OS DD

NPS

Hardware

OAM CC

APPLICATION

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Device Driver (DD)

DD manages the normal operation of applications that OS does not control in the system.

DD provides the API for the user processor to setup/control/detect the hardware device.

Also, DD confirms the device configuration by receiving the configuration data from the

upper user processor, and also provides the functions of register manipulation for device

operation, device diagnosis, statistics and status management.

Network Processor Software (NPS)

NPS manages the innate functions of Network Processor (NP) that mainly processes the

packets, and it connects the upper processor and NP in Board Processor (BP), and provides

the functions of NP message processing, NP statistics data collection and report.

IP Routing Software (IPRS)

IPRS executes the IP routing protocol function. IPRS collects and manages the system

configuration and status data necessary for IP routing operation, and based on the data, it

generates the routing table via the routing protocol, and makes packet forwarding possible.

Call Control (CC)

CC is a software subsystem that processes the calls in the indoor SPI-2210, and CC

interfaces with MS and ACR. CC supports data exchange function to support wireless data

service such as the MAC scheduling, air link control, ARQ processing and IEEE 802.16

message processing.

Operation And Maintenance (OAM)

The OAM provides the interface (SNMPv2c or SNMPv3, SFTP, HTTPs, SSH) of which

the security is strengthened, and which is standardized to interwork with the upper

management system such as the WSM, the Web-EMT and console terminal based on the

IMISH.

In addition, this performs the functions of initializing and restarting the system, processing

the call, collecting the statistics for various performance data, managing the system

configuration and resources, managing the status of the software resources and the

hardware resources, managing the failure and performing the diagnostics for the operation

and the management of the indoor SPI-2210.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.2 Call Control (CC) Block

The CC block caries out the resource management function of the indoor SPI-2210 and the

BS function of ASN Profile-C defined in NWG of Mobile WiMAX forum. The CC block

consists of RAS Resource Controller (RRC), RAS Service Controller (RSC) and RAS

Traffic Controller (RTC) sub-blocks and the functions of each sub-block are as follow:

Figure 3.11 CC Block Structure

RRC as the resource manager of the indoor SPI-2210 exchanges the status information

with all blocks and assigns appropriate software resources to a service when it receives the

necessary service request from RAS/ACR.

RSC processes the MAC signaling via R1 interface and interworks with ACR via R6

interface. RSC performs the Admission Control (AC) in the service creation process and

requests the traffic channel setup to RTC. In addition, RSC transfers the information on the

internal control message to the modem block in the indoor SPI-2210.

RTC fragments the user data received from ACR via the R6 interface in MAC PDU format

and transfers the data to the modem block or re-assembles the MAC PDU received from an

MS via the R1 interface and transmits to ACR. In addition, the RTC interworks with the

RSC block controlling the RAS signal and performs the call setup/release procedure.

3.3.2.1 RAS Resource Controller (RRC)

RRC is in charge of the resource management of the indoor SPI-2210 and is activated on

the MMA-S. The RRC interfaces with ACR outside the system and the RSC and OAM

blocks inside the system.

RRC’s main functions are as follows:

y ACR Keep Alive

y RSC Keep Alive

y Inter Carrier Load Balancing

y Paging Message Transmission

y System Resource Management

MMA-S

RRC

1) RAS signaling interface

2) RAS state monitoring

RSC

1) RAS signaling interface

2) Modem control interface

RTC

1) RAS traffic interface

2) Modem traffic interface

MRA-S

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.2.2 RAS Service Controller (RSC)

The RSC is in charge of the signaling-concentrated service in the indoor SPI-2210. As for

the system outside, the RSC performs the message exchange with ACR via the Mobile

WiMAX standard R6 interface. As for the system inside, RSC interworks with the RTC

that is in charge of traffic data and transmits the information on the internal control

message to the modem block.

The RSC performs the MAC message exchange described in IEEE 802.16 with an MS and

carries out the call setup procedure by interworking with the RRC via the system internal

message. The RSC is activated on MRA.

RSC’s main functions are as follows:

y CID Creation and Release

y MAC Management Message Processing

y R6 Interface Message Processing

y Handover processing

y Sleep Mode Support for Power Reduction

y Collection of Various Statistics

y Paging Relay Function for MS

3.3.2.3 RAS Traffic Controller (RTC)

The RTC is the block to process the traffic of the indoor SPI-2210. The RTC is the block

pertaining to the bearer plane and is located as the kernel module format of the

corresponding CPU. The RTC performs the R6 interface under IEEE 802.16 standard and

enables to the modem block to perform the R1 interface normally.

The RTC fragments the user data received from ACR via the R6 interface in MAC PDU

format and transfers the data to the modem block or re-assembles the MAC PDU received

from an MS via the R1 interface and transmits to ACR.

In addition, the RTC interworks with the RTC block controlling the RAS signal and

performs the call setup/release procedure. This process is carried out via the memory

interface in the RAS card (MRA-S). The RTC communicates with the modem block via the

PCI interface.

The RTC is activated on MRA and its main functions are as follows:

y ARQ function: Receives the ARQ feedback message from an MS and processes the

message.

y Analyzes and processes the RSC control message and performs the queue management.

y Performs the traffic interface with the modem block.

y Performs the scheduling function for each QoS class

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

y Data Traffic Processing Function

RTC provides the data path between ACR and the indoor SPI-2210 via the R6 data

path (GRE tunnel).

y Traffic Control Function for Handover

In handover, RTC performs the data synchronization function between serving

RAS/ACR and target RAS/ACR.

3.3.3 Operation And Maintenance (OAM) Block

OAM block manages the operation and maintenance of the indoor SPI-2210, and it is

divided as the three shown below: EMS Interface (EMI), Main OAM and Board OAM.

Figure 3.12 OAM Software Structure

Operation and Maintenance (OAM)

EMI

1) SNMPD

2) OAGS

3) Web-EMT

4) CLIM

5) PAM

Main OAM

6) UFM

7) Loader

8) ULM

9) OPM

10) OSSM

11) OER.OEV

12) OCM

13) RDM

Board OAM

6) UFM

7) Loader

8) ULM

9) OPM

10) OSSM

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

The following interface structure diagram shows the communication between OAM blocks.

Main OAM and EMI are running on the MMA-S that support master OAM.

Board OAM is running on the remaining lower processor board.

Figure 3.13 Interface between OAM Blocks

The EMI carries out SNMP agent and web server function, and provides the OAM interface

between the management system (WSM, Web-EMT and CLI Terminal) and the indoor SPI-

2210 by providing the IMISH. Then, to access the indoor SPI-2210 directly via the Web-

EMT or the console terminal and the authority allowance via the PAM (Pluggable

Authentication Module) block should be done.

The Main OAM is located in the main processor. The Main OAM communicates with the

upper management system by interworking with the EMI block and distributes the

Programmable Loading Data (PLD) to the lower processors by managing the system

configuration as the format of the PLD. In addition, the Main OAM performs the role of

the Image Server (IS) and the Registration Server (RS), collects and saves the statistics data

and the failure information, and reports them to the upper management system.

The Board OAM is located in the lower processor. The Board OAM collects the failure and

the statistics data of each board, reports them to the Main OAM and monitors the software

process of each board.

DDI

IFM

MDS

Main Processo

Main OAM

Software

Entity

IPC

Shared Memory

OCM RDM

UFM OPM

Loade

ULM

EMI

Web-EMT

WSM

Image Server

WSM

SFTP

SNMPv 2c/

SNMPv3

Board OAM

UFM OPM

Loade

ULM

OSSM

Board Processo

Software

Entity

IPC

Shared Memory

…

HTTP s

SSH

Console

Terminal

CLIM

OSSM

OER/OEV

MDS

OAGS/SNMPD

Web-EMT

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.1 SNMP Daemon (SNMPD)

SNMPD plays the SNMP agent role to support the standard SNMP (SNMPv2c or SNMPv3c)

and an interface role for the upper management system (WSM) and interworks with internal

subagent. While receiving requests on the standard MIB object from WSM are processed

by SNMPD itself, it transmits requests on the private MIB object to subagent in order to be

handled properly.

SNMPD Main Functions

y Standard MIB processing

If the request for the MIB-II, 802.3ah MIB object is received, the SNMPD processes it

directly and transmits the response.

y Private MIB processing

If the request for the Private MIB object is received, it is not processed directly by the

SNMPD, but it is transmitted to the corresponding internal subagent, and then the

response is transmitted from the subagent and it is transmitted to the manager.

SNMPD Implementation

SNMPD is implemented on the MMA-S as shown below. MMA-S has 1:1 active/standby

redundancy.

Figure 3.14 SNMPD Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.2 Common SNMP Agent Subagent (OAGS)

OAGS plays the SNMP subagent role to support the standard SNMP (SNMPv2c or SNMPv3c).

Also, through master agent (SNMPD) OAGS plays an interface role for the upper

management system for the command inquiry and change of ACR to be operated through

the get/get-next/get-bulk/set/trap command defined by SNMP.

OAGS Main Functions

y Providing private MIB

− Provide private MIB to the management system.

− Generate the message data file necessary for the interface function between OAM

blocks.

y SNMP command processing

Process the command received from the management system and transmit the

corresponding result via the SNMPD.

y Notification function

Send the SNMP trap to master agent (SNMPD) whenever there are needs to inform the

change or the alarm of the indoor SPI-2210 data to the upper management system.

OAGS Implementation

OAGS is implemented on the MMA-S as shown below. MMA-S has 1:1 active/standby

redundancy.

Figure 3.15 OAGS Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.3 Web-based Element Maintenance Terminal (Web-EMT)

The Web-EMT is the block to interface with the Web client of the console terminal which

uses the Web browser, and performs the role of the Web server. Both Web-EMT and the

indoor SPI-2210 support the HTTP communications based on the Secure Sockets Layer

(SSL).

Web-EMT Main Functions

y Web server function

− HTTP server for the management using Web-EMT

− Receive html requests and display HTML pages

y OAM block interface

− Process commands from Web-EMT interoperating with other OAM blocks

− User management using OAM AAA server

Web-EMT Implementation

Web-EMT is implemented on the MMA-S. MMA-S has 1:1 active/standby redundancy.

Figure 3.16 Web-EMT Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.4 Command Line Interface Management (CLIM)

The CLIM is the block to interface with the IMISH, when it is connected to the console

terminal via the Secure Shell (SSH) method. The CLIM processes the received command

via the IMISH and displays the corresponding result.

CLIM Main Functions

y IMISH command processing

− Setup/change/inquiry of interface and routing functions

− Setup/change/inquiry of the indoor SPI-2210 operation & maintenance

CLIM Implementation

CLIM is implemented on the MMA-S as shown below. MMA-S has 1:1 active/standby

redundancy.

Figure 3.17 CLIM Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.5 PAM (Pluggable Authentication Module)

The PAM receives the account and the password of the operator who uses the console

terminal (IMISH, Web-EMT) when logging in, thus it perform the operator authentication

and the process of allowing the authority.

PAM Main Functions

y Operator’s account management and authentication

The function of managing and authenticating the account of the operator who uses the

console terminal (IMISH, Web-EMT) is performed.

y Operator’s authority management

The function of allowing the authority for all the commands which the operator can

perform is performed.

y Password management

Management functions such as creating the operator’s password, saving and updating

the encryption are performed.

PAM Implementation

PAM is implemented on the MMA-S as shown below. MMA-S has 1:1 active/standby

redundancy.

Figure 3.18 PAM Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.6 Universal Fault Management (UFM)

UFM manages the ACR faults and the status of software and hardware. UFM informs the

detected failures to the upper management system by the filtering function, and applies the

severity changes and the threshold to the fault management system. In particular, the UFM

receives ToD from a Global Positioning System (GPS), distributes the received ToD to CC

software for call processing, and manages faults concerned with the ToD.

In addition, the UFM provides the interface function with Device Driver (DD) to support

statistics and status management for devices such as Marvel switch 98DX246/98DX166

and Comet PM4358 of MMA-S. The interfaces for Marvel switch 98DX246/98DX16 and

Comet PM4358 are called Marvel Switch Device Driver Interface (MVSDDI) and Comet

Device Driver Interface (CMDDI), respectively.

UFM Main Functions

y Failure Management

− Hardware and software failure management by interrupt and polling

− When the failure is detected, it is reported to the management system and the

related block.

y Status Management

− Status management for the components

− When the status information of the resource is changed, it is reported to the

management system and the related block.

y Failure filtering and inhibition

− The filtering function is applied to many kinds of the occurred failure, and only the

failure of the original reason is reported.

− Function of inhibiting reporting a specific kind of failure or a specific system

according to the operator’s request

y Inquiring and changing the failure configuration information

Inquiring and changing the parameters such as the failure severity and the threshold

for the generation

y Failure audit

Auditing the failure is performed when initializing and restarting the system and when

the operator requests to minimize the inconsistency of the failure information between

the ACR and the upper management system.

y Failure history information management and save

y Redundancy of the failure information

Redundancy of the failure information is supported between the active/standby status

of the main OAM board which supports the 1:1 active/standby structure.

y Call fault reporting

In case of the call fault, the related information (call status, error code, MS information,

etc.) is collected and reported to the management system.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

y DD Interface

The interface between DD and applications is provided for statistics and status

management of devices.

UFM Implementation

UFM is implemented in MMA-S and all lower boards as shown below.

Figure 3.19 UFM Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.7 Loader

Loader manages the entire process from the start of OS to the previous step of ULM

running (pre-loading). After that, if ULM is actuated after the initialization script is

executed and the registration and loading function is performed, the loader monitors the

ULM block.

Loader Main Functions

y System time setting

Before NTP-based synchronization, the system time is set by receiving the Time of

Date (ToD) from a GPS receiver.

y Indoor SPI-2210 registration and loading

− Registration of the indoor SPI-2210 to the Registration Server (RS)

− Determination of the loading method

a) Loading of most recent version through version comparison: loading through

self non-volatile storage or remote IS

b) Loading through console port (The process to register the ACR to the RS is

skipped.)

y Backing up and restoring the software image and the PLD

Loader saves the software image and the PLD of the latest version in its own

nonvolatile storage and restores it as the corresponding information when required.

(In case of PLD, the operator sends a command for backup.)

y ULM monitoring

Loader monitors whether the ULM block operates normally and if it is abnormal, this

restarts it.

Loader Implementation

Loader is implemented on the MMA-S and all lower board as shown below.

Figure 3.20 Loader Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.8 Universal Loading Management (ULM)

ULM downloads and executes the packages that are identified in the file list downloaded

by loader during pre-loading process. Also, it monitors the executed software and provides

the running software information, and supports the restart and the software upgrade by the

command. In addition, in the initialization stage, OLM sets the system time by using the

Time of Date information obtained from a GPS receiver and periodically performs the

synchronization with the NTP server by actuating as an NTP client after the loading is

completed.

ULM Main Functions

y System initialization and reset

− System reset by command

− Act as internal RS & IS of lower board

y Software management

− Monitor the operation of software block and restart the software block in abnormal

state

− Software restart by command

− Provide information on software block and the status

y Inventory Management

− ULM provides the information such as the software version for the components,

the PBA ID, the PBA version, the serial number and the Common Language

Equipment Identifier (CLEI), etc.

− Function of reporting the inventory information when performing the initialization,

adding and extending the components

y Online upgrade and version management for the software

ULM provides the functions of updating the software and the firmware, upgrading the

package and managing the version.

y System time information synchronization

Synchronize system time information with NTP server as a NTP client and transmit

the time information to the lower boards

y Time Zone setup

Setup Time Zone and Daylight Saving Time (DST)

y Mortem time update

Setup mortem time after system time information synchronization

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

ULM Implementation

ULM is implemented on the MMA-S and all lower board as shown below.

Figure 3.21 ULM Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.9 Common Performance Management (OPM)

OPM collects and provides the performance data for the upper management system

operator to know the indoor SPI-2210 performance. The OPM collects the event generated

during the system operation and the performance data and transmits them to the

management system. The collection cycle of the statistics data of the actual OPM can be set

as 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and if the entire statistics file of the binary format is

created every 15 minutes, the management system collects it periodically via the SFTP.

OPM Main Functions

y Record and collect statistics data

Record statistics data to the memory and generate the statistics file by regularly

collecting data per each board

y Save the statistics data

Save the statistics data of each board in its own nonvolatile storage during up to eight

hours

y Inquire and change the statistics configuration information

Inquire and change the collection cycle (BI) and the threshold of the statistics data

y Threshold Cross Alert (TCA)

Generate the TCA (Critical, Major, Minor) according to the defined threshold in every

collection cycle and report it to the UFM

y Monitor the statistics in real time

Provide the real-time monitoring function for the specific statistics item designated by

the operator

OPM Implementation

OPM is implemented on the MMA-S and all lower board as shown below.

Figure 3.22 OPM Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.10 Common Subscription Service Management (OSSM)

OSSM distributes the PLD data necessary for the software blocks, and reports the data

changed to the corresponding software block if PLD data are changed. Also, it supports the

function to maintain the consistency of PLD data that are scattered in the system.

OSSM Major Functions

y PLD distribution

OSSM loads PLD to the shared memory for software block in order to access PLD

y PLD change report

Report the changes of PLD to the corresponding software block

y PLD audit

Maintain the consistency of PLDs which are distributed in the indoor SPI-2210

(between main board and lower boards)

OSSM Implementation

OSSM is implemented on the MMA-S and all lower board.

Figure 3.23 OSSM Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.11 Common Event Router (OER)/Common Event Viewer (OEV)

The OER/OEV manages the event history as the text format. The OER/OEV transmits the

information on all the events received from the OAM applications to the related agent

(OAGS, Web-EMT), and creates and saves the history file of the daily/hourly events, and

displays the log contents on the operator window (IMISH) in real time.

OER/OEV Major Functions

y Event transmission

OER/OEV transmits the information on the generated event to the OAGS or the Web-

EMT block, thus it enables to report it to the management system.

y Creating and saving the event history file

OER/OEV creates and saves the daily/hourly event history file in its own nonvolatile

storage as the 1 Mbyte maximum size.

y Event display

OER/OEV displays the event generated in the indoor SPI-2210 on the operator

window (IMISH) in real time.

OER/OEV Implementation

OER/OEV is implemented on the MMA-S. MMA-S has 1:1 active/standby redundancy.

Figure 3.24 OER/OEV Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.12 Common Configuration Management (OCM)

OCM manages the indoor SPI-2210 configuration and parameter with PLD, and it provides

the data that are necessary for the software blocks. Other software blocks can approach

PLD by the internal subscription service (OSSM), and through the command from EMI.

OCM provides the following functions: Indoor SPI-2210 configuration grow/degrow,

inquiry and change of configuration data and operational parameters.

OCM Major Functions

y ACR configuration management

Manage the indoor SPI-2210 system configuration with PLD

y PLD inquiry and change

− Upper management system inquires and changes PLD by command

− PLD changes are updated in its own nonvolatile storage periodically.

y PLD audit

For the consistent PLD data with the upper management system

y Grow/degrow of resources

Link, board, carrier, sector, the rack for auxiliary devices (SMIR-A) in the indoor SPI-

2210

OCM Implementation

OCM is implemented on the MMA-S. MMA-S has 1:1 active/standby redundancy.

Figure 3.25 OCM Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.3.3.13 RAS Diagnosis Management (RDM)

The RDM checks if internal and external connection paths or resources of the indoor SPI-

2210 are normal. The connection paths are roughly divided into the external path between

the indoor SPI-2210 internal IPC path and another NE and the path between ACR and the

indoor SPI-2210. In addition, it supports the on-demand test at the request of an operator

and the periodical test according to the schedule defined by the operator.

RDM Functions

y Path Test

− Internal path test: Ping test for the IPC path of the board level in NE

− External path test: Ping or traceroute test for external hosts

− Traffic path test: Test for the UDP message-based bearer path between ACR and

the indoor SPI-2210

y Software Block Test

Ping test for main programs by processors

y RF Exchange Test

Receive Signal Strength Indicator-based (RSSI-based) Rx/Tx path/VSWR diagnosis

y Loopback Test

Support of IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet loopback functions

y Backhaul performance monitoring test

Quality (packet loss, delay and delay variance) measurement for backhaul between

ACR and the indoor SPI-2210

y Periodical online test by the operator setting

y Change of the Diagnosis Schedule

Schedule setup, such as diagnosis period, start time and end time of periodical online test

y Support of Call Trace Function

It reports the call trace information (signaling message of a specific MS, RF parameter,

traffic statistics) to the management system via SNMPD.

y VIF generation and removal

Generate and remove VIF based on physical link configuration in PLD

y VIF state management

Change the state of physical VIF with link failure

y RF Module Setup and Control

Transmission of the setup information required for the RF module, redundancy

structure and management of failure/status

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

RDM Implementation

The RDM is implemented on the MMA-S as shown in the figure below. The MMA-S has

1:1 redundancy (active/standby) structure.

Figure 3.26 RDM Block

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.4 Redundancy Structure

The indoor SPI-2210 has the redundancy structure for main processors, devices and links to

provide persistent and stable service by enhancing the reliability and availability.

In the figure below, ‘ (Red)’ mark indicates the board in service and ‘ (White)’ mark

indicates the board in standby mode.

3.4.1 MMA-S Redundancy Structure

The MMA-S, which is the main processor of the indoor SPI-2210, supports the redundancy

structure for the system reliability. The MMA-S functionally consists of the OAM block

and the UCCM for GPS reception and clock distribution and each block has the

redundancy structures as follows:

Redundancy Structure of OAM Block

The OAM block of MMA-S is duplicated in active/standby method. The two dual boards

sends/receives data required for the duplication in Low Voltage Differential Signaling

(LVDS) method.

Figure 3.27 Redundancy Structure of OAM Block (MMA-S)

Redundancy Structure of UCCM

The UCCM of MMA-S is duplicated in active/standby method. The two dual boards

sends/receives data required for the duplication in LVDS method

Figure 3.28 Redundancy Structure of UCCM (MMA-S)

Redundancy Path

ctive link

Standby link

MMA-S (B)

OAM

Standby

MMA-S (A)

OAM

ctive

LVDS

Indoo

SPI-2210

하드웨어

블록

Hardware

Block

LVDS MMA-S (A)

UCCM

MMA-S (B)

UCCM

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

3.4.2 MRA-S Redundancy Structure

The MRA-S performs the call processing function in the indoor SPI-2210 and has N:1

redundancy structure only for 1st carrier. Redundancy structure of MRA-S is provided to

service providers optionally.

Figure 3.29 MRA-S Redundancy Structure

Switchover of MRA-S

Active MRA-S doesn’t backup the data to redundancy MRA-S on principle that

existing service is not kept on in the switchover of MRA-S.

3.4.3 Backhaul Redundancy Structure

The backhaul interface of indoor SPI-2210 supports static link aggregation (IEEE 802.3ad)

based load sharing. The link aggregation (802.3ad) redundancy method ties several ports as

an interface group to deal with some or entire traffic in the remain group pertaining to the

group even if a fault occurs in some ports.

Figure 3.30 Load Sharing Structure of Backhaul

Redundancy MRA-S (R) MRA-S (1) MRA-S (2) MRA-S (3)

MMA-S

…

IP #1 IP #n

MAC #1 MAC #2 MAC #n

…

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

CHAPTER 4. Message Flow

4.1 Call Processing Message Flow

4.1.1 Initial Access

The following is the procedure to set the Provisioned Service Flow (SF) of the network-

initiated Dynamic Service Add (DSA) mode in the process of the initial network entry.

An MS periodically receives Downlink Channel Descriptor (DCD), Downlink-MAP (DL-

MAP), Uplink Channel Descriptor (UCD) and Uplink-MAP (UL-MAP) messages from the

RAS in the initial access, acquires the downlink channel synchronization and the uplink

parameter and sets the Provisioned SF connection.

The ACR supports PMIP and simple IP methods when allocating an IP address to the MS.

When the PMIP method is used, the ACR performs the DHCP proxy function. When the

simple IP method is used, the ACR performs the DHCP relay agent function.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Figure 4.1 Initial Access Process

DHCP

31) DHCP Discover 32) DHCP Discover

34) DHCP Offer 33) DHCP Offer

35) DHCP Request

36) DHCP Request

37) DHCP Ack

38) DHCP Ack

MS RAS ACR AAA

8) Authentication & Key Exchange

PMIP case

CMIP case

1) RNG-REQ

2) RNG-RSP

3) SBC-REQ

6) SBC-RSP

9) REG-REQ

12) REG-RSP

15) DSA-REQ

16) DSA-RSP

19) DSA-ACK

20) DHCP Discover

23) DHCP Offer

24) DHCP Request

25) DHCP Ack

27) MIP REG REQ

30) MIP REG RSP

26) Agent Advertisement

7) MS_PreAttachment_Ack

10) MS_Attachment_Req

11) MS_Attachment_Rsp

13) MS_Attachment_Ack

17) Path Registration Response

14) Path Registration Request

21) MIP REG REQ

22) MIP REG RSP

28) MIP REG REQ

29) MIP REG RSP

39) Diameter: ACR, RADIUS: Accounting Request

40) Diameter: ACA, RADIUS: Accounting Response

18) Path Registration Ack

4) MS_PreAttachment_Req

5) MS_PreAttachment_Rsp

Simple IP case

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Classification Description

(1)~(2) The MS transmits the RNG-REQ message including its own MAC address and

the Ranging Purpose Indication to the RAS, and the RAS allocates the Basic &

Primary Management CID and transmits the RNG-RSP message to the MS.

(3)~(4) The MS transmits the SBC-REQ message to the RAS including the physical

parameter and the authorization policy information which it supports.

The RAS transmits the MS_PreAttachment_Req message to the ACR including

the authorization policy support via the Default IP address and the UDP port

number of the ACR.

(5)~(7) The ACR transmits the MS_PreAttachment_Rsp message to the RAS including the

supported authorization policy, and the RAS extracts the information received from

the ACR, attaches it to the SBC-RSP message and transmits it to the MS.

Then, RAS transmits the MS_PreAttachment_Ack to the ACR, and notifies the start

point of the next process (EAP transmission) explicitly.

(8) The procedure of the subscriber authentication between the MS and the AAA

server is performed, and when the authentication is successful, the ACR receives

the provisioned policy information for each subscriber from the AAA server.

For the detailed information, see ‘4.1.2 Authentication’.

(9)~(13) The MS transmits the REG-REQ message to the RAS including the registration

information (MS Capabilities, CS Capabilities, HO Support, etc), and the RAS

transmits the MS_Attachment_Req message to the ACR to inquire the

corresponding MS Capability and the corresponding CS Capability. The ACR

transmits the response to the RAS including the result of the requested

registration information, and the RAS transmits the REG-RSP message to the MS.

The RAS transmits the MS_Attachment_Ack to the ACR, and notifies the start

point of the next process explicitly.

(14)~(19) To request the DSA for the Pre-Provisioned SF, the ACR transmits the RR-

Request message to the RAS, including the SFID, the Resource Description field

(SF/CS parameter) and the Data Path ID (=GRE Key) field to set the data path

with the RAS. The RAS receives this message and performs admission control

for this, and then transmits the DSA-REQ message to the MS. The MS attaches

the Confirmation Code to the DSA-RSP message as a result of DSA-REQ and

transmits the message to the RAS, and the RAS transmits the RR-Response

message to the ACR including the Data Path ID to set the data path with the

ACR. Then the ACR transmits the RR-Confirm message to the RAS, and the

RAS transmits the DSA-ACK message to the MS.

(20)~(25) This is the procedure to allocate the IP address to the MS, which uses the PMIP,

if the MS requests the DHCP procedure to acquire the IP address, the ACR

performs the PMIP procedure.

(26)~(30) This is the procedure to allocate the IP address to the MS, which uses the CMIP,

if the MS requests the MIP registration directly, the ACR operates as the FA and

interworks with the HA and allocates the MIP address to the MS.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

(Continued)

Classification Description

(31)~(38) This is the procedure for allocating an IP address to the MS that uses the simple

IP method. If the MS requests the DHCP procedure to receive an allocated IP

address, the ACR performs the DHCP relay agent function to receive a simple IP

address from the external DHCP server and then sends the received IP address

to the MS.

(39)~(40) When the Diameter protocol is used, it is notified that accounting has begun for

the service flow using the ACR/ACA message. When the RADIUS protocol is

used, the Accounting Request/Accounting Response message is used.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

4.1.2 Authentication

At the Time of Initial Access

The MS authentication procedure performed in ‘4.1.1 Initial Access’ is as follows:

Figure 4.2 Authentication Procedure (At the time of initial access)

Classification Description

(0)~(2) When the ACR receives MS_PreAttachment_Req_Ack for SBC-RSP from the

RAS, the ACR includes the EAP Request/Identity payload in the AuthRelay-EAP-

Transfer message and transmits the message to the RAS to start the EAP

authentication. The RAS relays the received EAP payload to the MS by using the

PKMv2 EAP-Transfer/PKM-RSP message.

(3)~(5) The MS sends the RAS a PKMv2 EAP-Transfer/PKM-REQ message with the

NAI included in the EAP Response/Identity. The RAS relays it to the ACR using

the AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer message. The authenticator of the ACR then

analyzes the NAI and sends the MS the Diameter DEAP Request (DER)

message (when the Diameter protocol is used) or the Access Request message

(when the RADIUS protocol is used).

(6)~(11) The subscriber authentication procedure is performed between the MS and AAA

server using the EAP-method. The authentication procedure is performed using

the Diameter EAP Request (DER)/Diameter EAP Answer (DEA) message (when

the Diameter protocol is used) or the Access-Challenge/Access-Request

message (when the RADIUS protocol is used).

MS RAS ACR AAA

Repeat

2) PKM-RSP

(PKMv2 EAP-Transfer)

3) PKM-REQ

(PKMv2 EAP-Transfer)

8) PKM-RSP

(PKMv2 EAP-Transfer)

9) PKM-REQ

(PKMv2 EAP-Transfer)

14) PKM-RSP

(PKMv2 EAP-Transfer)

17) PKM-RSP

18) PKM-REQ

(PKMv2 SA-TEK-Request)

19) PKM-RSP

20) PKM-REQ

(PKMv2 Key Request)

21) PKM-RSP

(PKMv2 Key Reply)

(PKMv2 SA-TEK-Challenge)

(PKMv2 SA-TEK-Response)

0) MS_PreAttachment_Ack

1) AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer

4) AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer

7) AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer

10) AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer

15) Key_Change_Directive

16) Key_Change_Directive_Ack

5) Diameter: DER/ RADIUS: Access Request

6) Diameter: DEA/ RADIUS: Access Challenge

11) Diameter: DER/ RADIUS: Access Request

12) Diameter: DEA/ RADIUS: Access Accept

13) AuthRelay-EAP-Transfer

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

(Continued)

Classification Description

(12)~(16) When the authentication is successfully completed, the ACR receives the Master

Session Key (MSK) that is the upper key to provide security and provisioned

policy information per subscriber from the AAA server using the Diameter EAP

Answer (DEA) message (when the Diameter protocol is used) or the Access-

Accept message (when the RADIUS protocol is used). The ACR generates the

AK from the MSK and sends the RAS a Key_Change_Directive message

including the generated AK Context information and Security Association (SA)

information for the MS. In addition, the RAS relays the EAP Success information

to the MS using the PKMv2-EAP-Transfer message.

(17)~(19) After the EAP authentication, the RAS verifies the AK key value which it has with

MS, and transmits the SA-TEK-Challenge message to the MS to notify the start

of the SA negotiation, and the MS verifies the CMAC of the SA-TEK-Challenge

message, checks the AK key value, and transmits the SA negotiation information

to the RAS by using SA-TEK-Request. The RAS transmits SA-TEK-Response

including the AKID and the SA Descriptor which is the final result of the SA

negotiation to the MS.

(20)~(21) The MS requests the Traffic Encryption Key (TEK) to the RAS by using PKMv2

Key-Request, and the RAS creates the TEK randomly and transmits it to the MS

by using the PKMv2 Key-Reply message. Then, the TEK is transmitted by being

encrypted via the Key Encryption Key (KEK).

Keys and Functions

The functions of the keys are as follows.

- MSK: creates the AK

- AK: creates the CMAC key

- KEK: encrypts the TEK

- CMAC key: provides integrity for the MAC management message

- TEK: encrypts traffics in wireless sections

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

At the Time of Authenticator Relocation

When the MS performs the CSN-anchored Handover (HO), or the Idle Mode MS moves to

another ACR area and performs the location update, the following re-authentication

procedure is performed to move the authenticator from the existing Serving ACR to the

Target ACR. The Target ACR triggers in order that the MS performs the EAP

authentication procedure with the AAA server again, and then, when the result of the

authentication result is notified to the Serving ACR, the Authenticator Relocation

procedure is completed.

Figure 4.3 Authentication Procedure (At the time of the Authenticator Relocation)

Classification Description

(1)~(2) The new authenticator, T-ACR, exchanges the Relocation Notify/Ack message

with the previous authenticator, S-ACR, to perform re-authentication and

authenticator relocation.

(3)~(11) The re-authentication procedure is performed in the target area, as the

authentication procedure for initial entry. When the Diameter protocol is used, the

Diameter EAP Answer (DEA) message is received from the AAA server.

When the RADIUS protocol is used, the Access Accept message is received from

the AAA server.

(12)~(13) The RAS sends the Key Change Confirm message to the authenticator (T-ACR)

to notify it that re-authentication is complete with the MS.

MS T-RAS AAA

T-ACR S-ACR

6) Diameter: DEA/ RADIUS: Access Accept

4) PKMv2-RSP

8) PKMv2-RSP

3) AuthRelay EAP Transfer

11) SA-TEK handshake

7) AuthRelay EAP Transfer

9) Key Change Directive

10) Key Change Directive Ack

12) Key Change Confirm

13) Key Change Confirm Ack

5) Serving ASN triggers MS re-authentication with AAA Server

14) Relocation Complete_Req

15) Relocation Complete_Rsp

1) Relocation Notify

2) Relocation Notify Ack

17) Context_Rpt

18) Context_Ack

16) Relocation_Complete_Ack

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

(Continued)

Classification Description

(14)~(16) The T-ACR completes the authenticator relocation procedure by exchanging the

Relocation Confirm/Ack message with the S-ACR.

(17)~(18) After the authenticator relocation, the new authenticator notifies the anchor that

the authenticator has been changed through the context Rpt procedure.

4.1.3 Status Change

Awake Mode Æ Idle Mode

If the data traffic is not transmitted/received for a certain time, the status of MS is changed

from the Awake Mode to the Idle Mode.

Sleep Mode Æ Idle Mode Change

The MS of the Sleep Mode is not changed into the Idle Mode, immediately.

Before being changed from the Sleep Mode into the Idle Mode, the MS is changed

to the Awake Mode, first, and then, after requesting DREG, it is changed into the

Idle Mode.

The deregistration procedure to be changed into the Idle Mode is divided into the MS-

initiated Idle Mode change and the Network-initiated Idle Mode change, and the following

indicates the procedure of the MS-initiated Idle Mode change.

Figure 4.4 Awake Mode Æ Idle Mode Status Change Procedure

MS RAS ACR

4) DREG-CMD

1) DREG-REQ

(Code=0x01, Paging Cycle Request)

2) IM_Entry_State_Change_Req

3) IM_Entry_State_Change_Rsp

(ActionCode, Paging Controller ID, Paging Information)

6) Path_Dereg_Req

7) Path_Dereg_Rsp

8) Path_Dereg_Ack

AAA

5) IM_Entry_State_Change_Ack

9) Diameter: ACR

10) Diameter: ACA

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Classification Description

(1) When the MS is changed into the Idle Mode, it creates the DREG-REQ message

and transmits it to the RAS, and the value of the De-Registration Request Code

field is set as 0 x 01.

(2)~(5) The RAS creates the IM_Entry_State_Change_Req message including the context

information of the MS and transmits it to the ACR (Paging Controller), and the ACR

creates the IM_Entry_State_Change_Rsp message including the Action Code (0 x 05),

the paging information (PAGING_CYCLE, PAGING_OFFSET) and the Idle Mode

Retain Flag and transmits the message to the RAS.

The RAS transmits the DREG-CMD including the received information to the MS.

(6)~(8) If the Network re-entry from the MS is not transmitted until the Idle Resource

Retain timer expires, the RAS performs the Data Path (DP) Release procedure

with the ACR.

(9)~(10) As the MS has been transited to Idle mode, an accounting end message is sent

to the AAA server to update the accounting information using the ACR/ACA

message (if the Diameter protocol is used). If the RADIUS protocol is used, no

accounting report is made when the MS has been transited to Idle mode.

Then when the MS is returned to Awake mode, the accounting information is

updated at the specified interim interval using the Accounting Request interim

message.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Awake Mode Æ Sleep Mode

The Awake Mode and the Sleep Mode of the MS can be classified only by the RAS, and

the ACR does not classified the two kinds of status, and recognizes and manages both of

them as the Awake Mode.

Figure 4.5 Awake Mode Q Sleep Mode Status Change Procedure

Classification Description

(1)~(2) If the MS does not transmit/receive the data for a certain time (set by the

MS/RAS as the parameter), timeout is generated in its own timer, thus the mode

is changed from the Awake Mode to the Sleep Mode. Then, the MS transmits the

MOB_SLP-REQ message to the RAS, and the RAS transmits the MOB_SLP-

RSP message for this, and the status of MS is changed into the Sleep Mode.

(3)~(4) If the terminating traffic exists in the Sleep Mode MS, the RAS transmits the

MOB_TRF-IND message in the listening period of the corresponding MS, and

the MS which receives this, sets the BW value as 0 in the UL BW Request and

transmits it to the RAS. The RAS receives this message and recognizes that the

status of MS has been changed into the Awake Mode, and transmits the traffic to

the MS.

MS RAS ACR

2) MOB_SLP-RSP

1) MOB_SLP-RE

Awake

Sleep

3) MOB_TRF-IND

4) BW Request Heade

Awake

DL Traffic

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Idle Mode Æ Awake Mode (QCS)

When an MS in Idle Mode responds for the paging because of incoming traffic or sends the

traffic, the status of MS is changed from the Idle Mode into Awake Mode. In both cases,

the MS should perform the network re-entry procedure to change the status into the Awake

Mode and the Mobile WiMAX system of Samsung basically takes account of the QCS

procedure as the network re-entry method.

The following is the case where the mode is changed from the Idle Mode to the Awake

Mode at the time of the Network re-entry (QCS).

Figure 4.6 Idle Mode Æ Awake Mode (QCS) Procedure

Classification Description

(1) If the Idle Mode MS is changed into the Awake Mode, the MS creates the RNG-

REQ message including the MAC address and the Paging Controller ID value

and transmits the message to the RAS. Then, the value of the Ranging Purpose

Indication field is set as 0x00 (=Network Re-entry).

(2)~(3) The RAS creates the IM Exit State Change Request message including the

parameter of the received RNG-REQ message and transmits the message to the

ACR. The ACR checks the status information of the Idle Mode of the MS, creates

the IM Exit State Change Response message including the Idle Mode Retain

information to perform the QCS procedure and the AK Context information for

the CMAC authentication and transmits the message to the RAS.

(4)~(5) The RAS transmits the Path Registration Request message including the data

path information such as the (UL) GRE Key to the ACR to set the data path with

the ACR. The ACR responds to the RAS as the Path Registration Response

message including the data path information such as the (DL) GRE Key for this.

(6) The RAS replies with the RNG-RSP message along with HO Optimization Flag

for the QCS and relevant CID_Update and SA-TEK_Update information.

(7)~(8) The RAS notifies the new CMAC_KEY_COUNT value updated by the MS to the

ACR, which is an authenticator.

1) RNG-REQ

2) IM Exit State Change Request

(PC ID, Ranging Purpose=0)

3) IM Exit State Change Response

4) Path Reg Request

5) Path Reg Response

9) Path Reg Ack

6) RNG-RSP

(CID Update)

10) BW Request Header

MS RAS ACR AAA

7) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

8) CMAC_Key_Count_Update_Ack

11) Diameter: ACR

12) Diameter: ACA

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

(Continued)

Classification Description

(9) The ACR receives the Path Registration Ack message and is notified of data

path set results.

(10) If an MS receives RNG-RSP, the MS transmits BW Request Header to notify the

system that the status is changed into the Awake Mode.

(11)~(12) If the Diameter protocol is used, as the MS has transited to Awake mode and a

new transport CID has been allocated, it sends a new accounting start message

to the AAA server to update the AAA server's accounting information. If the

RADIUS protocol is used, no accounting report is made when the MS has been

transited to Awake mode and the accounting information is updated at the

specified interim interval using the Accounting Request interim message.

Changing from Idle Mode to Awake Mode

For the procedure that the MS status is changed from Idle Mode to Awake Mode

due to paging, refer to ‘4.1.5’.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

4.1.4 Location Update

Inter-RAS Location Update

The following is the location update procedure when the MS moves to other paging group

in the same ACR.

Figure 4.7 Inter-RAS Location Update Procedure

Classification Description

(1) When the Idle Mode MS in the paging group 1 moves to the paging group 2,

it receives the PAG-ADV message and recognizes that the location has been

changed.

(2)~(3) The MS transmits the RNG-REQ message to a new RAS (RAS 2) including the

MAC address, the Location Update Request, and the Paging Controller ID and

the RAS 2 transmits the Location Update Request message to the ACR.

(4)~(5) The ACR transmits the Location Update Response message including the

paging information and the AK Context information to the RAS 2.

The RAS 2 checks the CMAC validation and transmits the RNG-RSP message

including the LU Response to the MS, and notifies that the location update

procedure has been completed by transmitting the LU Confirm to the ACR.

(6)~(7) The RAS notifies the new CMAC_KEY_COUNT value updated by MS to the

ACR, which is an authenticator.

(8) The ACR sends the LU Confirm message and is notified that the location update

procedure is completed.

MS RAS 1

(PG 1) ACR

1) MOB-PAG_ADV

5) RNG-RSP

(Location Update Response)

RAS 2

(PG 2)

1) MOB-PAG_ADV

2) RNG-REG

(Location Update Request, Paging Controller ID) 3) LU Reques

4) LU Response

6) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

7) CMAC_Key_Count_Update_Ac

8) LU Confirm

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

S-ACR AAA HA

1) RNG-REQ

40) MIP REG REQ

41) MIP REG RSP

44) MIP REG REQ

T-ACR

2) LU Request 3) LU Request

5) LU Response 4) LU Response

11) LU Confirm

14) LU Confirm

12) PC_relocation_Ind

13) PC_relocation_Ack

15) Relocation Notify

38) Anchor DPF HO Trigger

16) Relocation Notify Ack

39) Anchor DPF HO Request

17) MS Paging Announce

20) Exit MS State Change Request

19) RNG-REQ

)

MOB

PAG-ADV

28) RNG-RSP

(0b10 Enter Net.) (Event Code 0x01)

23) IM Exit State

21) IM Exit State Change Req

22) IM Exit State Change Rsp

24) Path Reg Request

33) Path Reg Ack

27) Path Reg Response

26) Path Reg Response

25) Path Reg Request

37) Context Ack

36) Context Report(to DPF)

35) Re-authentication

In PMIP case

MIP

case

42) Agent Advertisement

43) MIP REG REQ

45) MIP REG RSP

46) CMIP REG RSP

47) Anchor DPF HO Response

48) ACR/AAA/HA Resource release action

6) RNG-RSP

7) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

10) CMAC_Key_Count_update_Ack

MS T-RAS

Change Response

8) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

9) CMAC_Key_Count_update_Ack

29) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

32) CMAC_Key_Count_Update_Ack

30) CMAC_Key_Count_Update

31) CMAC_Key_Count_Update_Ack

34) Path Reg Ack

Inter-ACR Location Update (Anchor Relocation)

When the MS in the Idle mode moves to other ACR area, the Inter-ACR Location Update

(LU) procedure is performed. At this time, the procedure is different depending on whether

the MIP-based CMIP/PMIP method or the simple IP method is used.

Figure 4.8 Inter-ACR Location Update Procedure (CMIP/PMIP Case)

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Classification Description

(1)~(2) If the paging group is changed, the MS transmits the RNG-REQ message including

the MAC address, the Location Update Request and the Paging Controller ID to

a new T-RAS (Target RAS). The T-RAS transmits the Location Update Request

message including the Paging Controller ID to its own default ACR.

(3)~(5) When the received Paging Controller ID does not belong to the Target ACR

(T-ACR), the T-ACR transmits the Location Update Request message of which

the APC Relocation Destination is set as its own Paging Controller ID to the

previous Serving ACR (S-ACR) via the R4 interface to change the Paging Controller.

The S-ACR responds by using the Location Update Response message including

the information on whether to allow the Paging Controller Relocation and the

Context information of the corresponding MS.

(6) When the T-RAS receives the Location Update Response message, it sets as

‘LU Response=Success’, transmits the RNG-RSP message to the MS, and

checks if the paging controller is changed into the T-ACR by transmitting the LU

Confirm message.

(7)~(10) The T-RAS notifies the new CMAC_KEY_COUNT value updated by the MS to

the S-ACR, which is an authenticator.

(11) The LU Confirm message is sent to confirm that the T-ACR is now the paging

controller.

(12)~(14) The T-ACR, after Location Update Confirm, notifies the FA and the Authenticator

which are still located in the S-ACR of that the Paging Controller has been

changed.

(15) The T-ACR requests the FA Relocation for the MS to the S-ACR.

(16)~(18) The S-ACR which receives the request of the FA/DPF Relocation from the T-ACR

allows the relocation in the T-ACR, then, the T-ACR/RAS requests paging to the

corresponding MS to trigger the relocation.

(19)~(34) The MS which receives the MOB_PAG-ADV message performs the QCS which

is the Network Re-Entry procedure with the network.

(35)~(37) This is the procedure to relocate the Authenticator from the S-ACR to the T-ACR,

the T-ACR triggers in order that the MS performs the EAP authentication

procedure with the AAA server, and notifies the S-ACR of the authentication

result, then completes the Authenticator Relocation procedure.

(38)~(39) The T-ACR requests the Anchor DPF Relocation for the MS to the S-ACR.

(40)~(41) If the MS uses the PMIP, the T-ACR instead of the MS registers the MIP to the HA.

(42)~(46) If the MS uses the CMIP, the ACR operates only as the FA, and the MS registers

the MIP in the HA directly.

(47)~(48) When the anchor DPF relocation is completed successfully, S-ACR releases the

existing connection with AAA and HA.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Figure 4.9 Inter-ACR Location Update Procedure (Simple IP Case)

S-ACR AAA DHCP Server

1) RNG-REQ

T-ACR

2) LU Request 3) LU Request

5) LU Response 4) LU Response

7) LU Confirm 8) LU Confirm

10) IM Exit MS State Change Request

9) RNG-REQ

14) RNG-RSP

11) IM Exit State Change Req

12) IM Exit State Change Rsp

6) RNG-RSP

MS T-RAS

13) IM Exit MS State Change Response

20) Authentication & Key Exchange

18) SBC-RSP

21) REG-REQ

24) REG-RSP

27) DSA-REQ

28) DSA-RSP

31) DSA-ACK

19) MS_PreAttachment_Ack

22) MS_Attachment_Req

23) MS_Attachment_Rsp

25) MS_Attachment_Ack

29) Path Registration Response

26) Path Registration Request

30) Path Registration Ack

16) MS_PreAttachment_Req

17) MS_PreAttachment_Rsp

15) SBC-REQ

32) DHCP Discover

35) DHCP Offer

36) DHCP Request

39) DHCP Ack

33) DHCP Discover

34) DHCP Offer

37) DHCP Request

38) DHCP Ack

40) Diameter: ACR, RADIUS: Accounting Request

41) Diameter: ACA, RADIUS: Accounting Response

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Classification Description

(1)~(2) At this time, the procedure is different depending on whether the MIP-based

CMIP/PMIP method or the simple IP method is used. When the paging group is

changed, the MS sends the new T-RAS (Target RAS) an RNG-REQ message

including the MAC address, Location Update Request and Paging Controller ID

in order to request a location update. The T-RAS sends its default ACR a

Location Update Request message including the Paging Controller ID.

(3)~(5) If the received Paging Controller ID does not belong to the T-ACR (Target ACR),

it sends a Location Update Request message to the S-ACR (Serving ACR)

through the R4 interface in order to change the paging controller. At this point,

the APC Relocation Destination of the Location Update Request message is set

to the Paging Controller ID of the T-ACR. The S-ACR responds with a Location

Update Response message including confirmation of whether the paging

controller relocation is allowed or not and the Context information for the MS.

(6) When the T-RAS receives the Location Update Response message, it sends the

MS an RNG-RSP message with 'LU Response' set to 'Fail'.

(7)~(8) The LU Confirm message is sent to notify that the paging controller is maintained

in the S-ACR.

(9)~(14) The MS performs idle mode exit with the S-ACR, and the S-ACR induces full

network re-entry in the MS.

(15)~(31) The MS performs network re-entry with the T-ACR

(32)~(39) This is the procedure that allocates an IP address to the MS that uses the simple

IP method. When the DHCP procedure is requested to allocate an IP address to

the MS, the ACR receives a simple IP address from the DHCP server and sends

it to the MS (DHCP Relay Agent mode).

(40)~(41) The T-ACR notifies the AAA server that accounting has begun for the service

flow newly generated in the network entry. When the Diameter protocol is used, it

is notified that accounting has begun for the service flow using the ACR/ACA

message. When the RADIUS protocol is used, the Accounting Request/Accounting

Response message is used.

Inter-ASN Location Update

The Inter-ASN location update procedure is the same with the Inter-ACR location update

procedure.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

4.1.5 Paging

Paging can be classified into the following two types.

y The RAS broadcasts the MOB_PAG-ADV message periodically and notifies the MS

of the corresponding paging group. The MS is changed into the Idle Mode and checks

if the paging group of the MS is changed by checking the MOB_PAG-ADV message

periodically based on the paging information (Paging Cycle, Paging Offset, PGID)

received from the system.

y If the traffic to be transmitted to the Idle Mode MS exists in the ACR, the ACR

triggers the MOB_PAG-ADV message to the RAS to change the corresponding MS

into the Awake Mode.

The following figure is the procedure to perform paging on the Idle Mode MS.

Figure 4.10 Paging Procedure

Classification Description

(1)~(2) When receiving the packet to be transmitted to the specific MS, the ACR

transmits the MS Paging Announce message including the MAC address, the

Paging Group ID and the Action Code (0x10) of the MS when the corresponding

MS is the Idle Mode to the RAS. The RAS transmits the MOB_PAG-ADV

message including the information received from the ACR to the MS.

After this, the MS performs the QCS procedure with the network. For the information on

the QCS procedure, see the procedure of ‘Idle Mode Æ Awake Mode’ in ‘4.1.3’.

MS RAS ACR

1) MS Paging Announcemen

2) MOB PAG-ADV

QCS

Incoming traffic

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

4.1.6 Handover

Inter-RAS Handover

The following is the inter-RAS handover procedure.

Figure 4.11 Inter-RAS Handover Procedure

25) Path Reg Response

24) Path Reg Request

21) Path Reg Ack

MS S-RAS T-RAS1 T-RAS2

1) MOB-MSHO-REQ

ACR

2) HO-Request 3) HO-Request

4) HO-Response

5) HO-Response

7) HO-Ack

9) MOB-HO-IND

10) HO-Confirm

14) Context-Request

15) Context-Report

12) HO-Ack 13) HO-Ack

23) RNG-REQ

26) RNG-RSP

31) MAC PDU with SN Report Header (Opt.) or BW Request with 0 (Opt.)

32) HO-Complete 33) HO-Complete

36) Path De-Reg Request

37) Path De-Reg Response

6) MOB-BSHO-RSP

8) HO-Ack

11) HO-Confirm

16) Path Pre-Reg Request

19) Path Reg Request (For Data Integrity)

20) Path Reg Response

17) Path Pre-Reg Response

18) Path Pre-Reg Ack

27) Path De-Reg Request

(For Data Integrity)

30) Path De-Reg Response

28) Path De-Reg Request

29) Path De-Reg Response

22) Fast Ranging IE ()

34) CMAC_KEY_COUNT Update

35) CMAC_KEY_COUNT Update Ack

38) Path De-Reg Ack

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Classification Description

(1)~(3) The MS transmits the MOB_MSHO-REQ message including the Neighbor BS

(RAS) ID and the parameter related to handover to the current Serving RAS

(S-RAS) to request handover. The S-RAS transmits the HO-Request message

including the received MOB_MSHO-REQ parameter and the context information to the

ACR, and the ACR forwards the HO-Request message to the Target RAS (T-RAS).

(4)~(8) The T-RAS transmits the HO-Response message including its own capability

information to the ACR, and the S-RAS transmits the MOB_BSHO-RSP

message including the Recommended Neighbor BS-IDs, the HO-ID and the

parameter result value to the MS.

(9)~(13) The MS transmits the MOB_HO-IND message including the HO-IND Type and

the Target BS-ID to the S-RAS to notify handover finally, and the S-RAS

transmits the HO-Confirm message including the context information and the

Data Integrity information (e.g., Buffered SDU SN) of the MS to the T-RAS.

(14)~(15) The T-RAS transmits the Context-Request message to the ACR (Authenticator)

to request the AK Context information, and the ACR responds by using the

Context-Response message including the AK context information.

(16)~(21) The path pre-registration is executed to set a new data path between the ACR

and the T-RAS. In addition, a forwarding path is set to send to the T-RAS the

traffics that the S-RAS has not yet transmitted to the MS, and the traffics are sent

to the T-RAS.

(22) If T-RAS allows the request of an MS, the T-RAS notifies UL_MAP IE to enable

the MS to transmit HO Ranging Request via uplink.

(23) The MS transmits to the T-RAS the RNG-REQ message that contains the MAC

address, Serving BS-ID and HO indication.

(24)~(25) The path registration procedure is executed to exchange the SF information that

is mapped with the data path created between the ACR and the T-RAS through

the steps (16)~(18).

(26) The T-RAS replies with the RNG-RSP message along with HO Optimization

Flag, CID_Update, and SA-TEK_Update.

(27)~(30) If the S-RAS transmits all the traffic to the T-RAS, the forwarding path is removed.

(31) If an MS successfully receives the RNG-RAS message, the MS transmits Bandwidth

Request (BR) MAC PDU to RAS to inform the reception of the message.

(32)~(33) The T-RAS transmits the HO-Complete message to S-RAS to notify the

completion of handover.

(34)~(35) The RAS notifies the new CMAC_KEY_COUNT value updated by MS to the

ACR, which is an authenticator.

(36)~(38) When the handover procedure is completed, the old path between the S-RAS

and the ACR is removed.

Inter-ACR Handover

Inter-ACR handover within the same ASN considers the path extension via the R6 interface.

The inter-ACR handover procedure is the same with the inter-RAS handover procedure.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Inter-ASN Handover: ASN-Anchored Mobility

Inter-ASN handover is divided into the ASN-anchored mobility method via the R4

interface and the CSN-anchored mobility method via the R3/R4 interface. The following

figure indicates the inter-ASN handover procedure of the ASN-anchored mobility method,

the Serving ACR (S-ACR) performs the anchor function.

Figure 4.12 Inter-ASN Handover (ASN-Anchored Mobility)

The HO signaling procedure is the same with the inter-RAS handover procedure, however

in the HO signaling procedure, the procedure of exchanging the HO signaling message via

the R4 interface is added between the S-ACR and the Target ACR (T-ACR).

35) Path Reg Ack

33) Path Reg Response

MS S-RAS T-ACR T-RAS1 T-RAS2

1) MOB-MSHO-REQ

S-ACR

AK Context Transfer

2) HO-Request

3) HO-Request

4) HO-Request

5) HO-Response

6) HO-Response

7) HO-Response

8) MOB-BSHO-RSP 9) HO-Ack

10) HO-Ack

11) HO-Ack

12) MOB-HO-IND 13) HO-Confirm 14) HO-Confirm 15) HO-Confirm

21) Context-Request 20) Context-Request

22) Context-Report 23) Context-Report

17) HO-Ack 16) HO-Ack

18) HO-Ack

R4 Data Path Setup 25) Path Pre-Reg Request

26) Path Pre-Reg Response

29) Path Pre-Reg Ack 28) Path Pre-Reg Ack

19) Fast Ranging IE ()

30) RNG-REQ

37) RNG-RSP

38) MAC PDU with SN Report Header (Opt.) or BW Request with 0 (Opt.)

40) HO-Complete 39) HO-Complete

41) HO-Complete

46) Path De-Reg Request

47) Path De-Reg Response

42) CMAC_COUNT_UPDATE

45) CMAC_COUNT_UPDATE Ack

43) CMAC_COUNT_

UPDATE

44) CMAC_COUNT_

UPDATE Ack

32) Path Reg Request

36) Path Reg Ack

24) Path Pre-Reg Request

27) Path Pre-Reg Response

34) Path Reg Response

31) Path Reg Request

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Classification Description

(1)~(4) The MS, in order to request a handover, sends the S-RAS (Serving RAS) an

MOB_MSHO-REQ message including the neighbor BS (RAS) ID and handover-

related parameters. The S-RAS sends the ACR an HO-Request message

including the received MOB_MSHO-REQ parameters and context information.

The ACR forwards the HO-Request message to the T-RAS (Target RAS).

(5)~(11) The T-RAS sends the ACR an HO-Response message including its own

capability information. The S-RAS sends the MS an MOB_BSHO-RSP message

including the Recommended Neighbor BS-IDs, HO-ID, and parameter results.

(12)~(18) The MS, in order to notify the final execution of the handover, sends the S-RAS

an MOB_HO-IND message including the HO-IND Type and Target BS-ID.

The S-RAS sends the T-RAS an HO-Confirm message including the context

information and data integrity information (e.g., the Buffered SDU SN) of the MS.

(19)~(22) The T-RAS sends a Context-Request message to the ACR (authenticator) to

obtain the AK Context information. The ACR responds with a Context-Response

message including the AK context information.

(23)~(28) The path pre-registration procedure is performed to set up a new data path

between the ACR and T-RAS. In addition, a forwarding path to transmit the traffic

that the S-RAS has not yet transmitted to the MS is set up to the T-RAS, and is

used to send that traffic to the T-RAS.

(29) In the event that the T-RAS requests an HO for the MS, it notifies the MS of the

UL_MAP IE so that the MS can send an HO Ranging Request message via the

uplink.

(30) The MS sends the T-RAS an RNG-REQ message including the MAC address,

Serving BS-ID, and HO Indication.

(31)~(36) The Path Registration procedure is performed to exchange the service flow (SF)

information to be mapped to the data path generated between the ACR and T-

RAS in steps (23)~(28).

(37) The T-RAS responds with an RNG-RSP message including the HO Optimization

flag and the CID_Update and SA-TEK_Update information.

(38) Once it has received the RNG-RSP message successfully, the MS sends a

bandwidth request (BR) MAC PDU to the RAS to notify it.

(39)~(41) The T-RAS sends an HO-Complete message to the S-RAS to notify the handover

is completed.

(42)~(45) The RAS sends the new CMAC_KEY_COUNT updated value for the MS to the

ACR which is the authenticator.

(46)~(47) When the handover procedure is completed, the previous path, i.e. the existing

path between the S-RAS and ACR, is released.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Inter-ASN Handover: CSN-Anchored Mobility

The following is handover of the CSN-anchored mobility method among the types of inter-

ASN handover, the anchor function is relocated from the Serving ACR (S-ACR) to the

Target ACR (T-ACR).

CSN-anchored mobility is composed of the process that Authenticator/DPF Anchor is

relocated to the target ACR after ASN-anchored mobility handover is performed.

For convenience, the case that T-ACR triggers the relocation is defined in pull mode and

the other case that S-ACR triggers is in push mode. Samsung’s Mobile WiMAX system

supports both pull mode and push mode.

The CSN-anchored mobility method follows the MIP standard, and the NWG defines the

PMIP and the CMIP for the MIP method. The first part of the CSN-anchored handover

signaling process is the same as the procedure of ASN-anchored mobility handover and the

procedure after the ASN-anchored handover is as follows:

Figure 4.13 Inter-ASN Handover (CSN-Anchored Mobility)

-RAS

-ACR S-

(Anchor)

Inter-ASN HHO

1) Relocation Notify

2) Relocation Notify Ack

3) Relocation Request

4) Relocation Response

Pull

Model

Push

Model

10) Anchor DPF HO

11) Anchor DPF HO

12) MIP REG REQ

13) MIP REG RSP

16) MIP REG REQ

17) MIP REG RSP

14) Agent Advertisement

15) CMIP REG REQ

18) CMIP REG RSP

19) Anchor DPF HO Response

24) Diameter: STR

25) Diameter: STA

Pull Mode

5) Re-authentication

21) Registration Revocation Ack

6) Relocation Confirm

7) Relocation Confirm Ack

8) Context Report

9) Context Ack

AAA

22) Diameter: ACR/RADIUS: Accounting Request stop

23) Diameter: ACA/RADIUS: Accounting Response stop

PMIP Re-registration

CMIP Re-registration

20) Registration Revocation Request

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Classification Description

(1)~(7) This is the procedure to relocate the Authenticator from the S-ACR to the T-ACR,

the T-ACR triggers in order that the MS performs the EAP authentication

procedure with the AAA server again. The T-ACR completes the Authenticator

Relocation procedure by notifying the S-RAS of the authentication result.

(8)~(9) S_ACR sends MS context information to T_ACR.

(10)~(19) FA relocation and authenticator are triggered, and the registration of the PMIP or the

CMIP is processed.

(20)~(21) The S-ACR cancels the S-ACR registration of the MS in the HA.

(22)~(25) The S-ACR, in interoperation with the AAA server, updates the final accounting

information for the MS. If the Diameter is used as the AAA protocol, the S-ACR

performs the session release procedure from the AAA server. However, when the

RADIUS protocol is used, only the Accounting Request stop procedure and the

Accounting Response stop procedure are processed and the STR/STA

procedure is omitted.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

4.1.7 Access Termination

Access Termination (Awake Mode)

The following is the procedure that the access is terminated because the power of the

Awake Mode MS is turned off.

Figure 4.14 Access Termination (Awake Mode)

Classification Description

(1)~(3) If the power of the Awake Mode MS is turned off, the MS transmits the DREG-REQ

message including ‘Deregistration code=0’ to the RAS, and the RAS notifies the

ACR of this.

(4) ACR release the MIP related information with HA.

(5)~(6) The ACR notifies the RAS of the result of power down processing, and release

the data path.

(7)~(10) The S-ACR updates the information on interworking with the AAA server and the

final accounting information of MS. Diameter is applied to AAA protocol, S-ACR

performs the session termination procedure. However, when the RADIUS

protocol is used, only the Accounting Request stop and Accounting Response

stop operations are performed, and the STR/STA procedure is omitted.

MS RAS ACR AAA

1) DREG-REQ

(ReqCode: 0)

3) Path Deregistration Request

2) DREG-CMD

(ActionCode: 4)

(Power Down Indication)

5) Path Deregistration Response

6) Path Deregistration Ack

9) Diameter: STR

10) Diameter: STA

4) MIP release

7) Diameter: ACR/ RADIUS: Accounting Request

8) Diameter: ACA/ RADIUS: Accounting Response

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Access Termination (Idle Mode)

The following is the procedure that the access is terminated because the power of the Idle

Mode MS is turned off.

Figure 4.15 Access Termination (Idle Mode)

Classification Description

(1)~(5) If the power of the Idle Mode MS is turned off, the MS transmits the RNG-REQ

message including the Power Down Indicator to the RAS, and the RAS notifies

the ACR of this. The ACR deletes the information of the MS.

(6) ACR release the MIP related information with HA.

(7)~(8) Diameter is applied to AAA protocol, S-ACR performs the session termination

procedure. However, when the RADIUS protocol is used, only the Accounting

Request stop and Accounting Response stop operations are performed, instead

of the STR/STA process.

MS RAS ACR

1) RNG-REQ

(Location Update Request Power down indication )

2) LU Request

4) RNG-RSP

(Location Update Response)

3) LU Response

5) LU Confirm

AAA HA

6) MIP release

7) Diameter: STR/RADIUS: Accounting Request stop

8) Diameter: STA/RADIUS: Accounting Response stop

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

4.2 Network Synchronization Message Flow

The indoor SPI-2210 uses GPS for the system synchronization. The UCCM of the MMA-S,

which is the GPS reception module, creates the clock with the clock information received

from a GPS and then distributes the clock to each hardware module in the indoor SPI-2210.

Figure 4.16 Network Synchronization Flow of Indoor SPI-2210

-S (A)

(

UCCM-A

)

-S (B)

(UCCM-B)

MBB-P

2ports

56 MHz (System Clock)

61.44 MHz

PP2S

40.96S

80 msec

BTDD

(A)

(B)

CAnalog 10 MHz

1port 1port

UTIM (I/O Panel)

AICU

C C

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

4.3 Alarm Signal Flow

The detection of failures in the indoor SPI-2210 can be implemented by hardware interrupt

or software polling method. The failures generated in the indoor SPI-2210 are reported to

the management system via the SNMP trap message.

Failure Alarm Types

y System Failure Alarms

Time Sync Fail, Fan Fail, Temperature High, etc.

y Board Failure Alarms

− Hardware Failure Alarms: BOARD DELETION, FUNCTION FAIL, etc.

− Software Failure Alarms: COMMUNICATION FAIL, PORT DOWN, CPU

OVERLOAD, OVER POWER etc.

y UDA

24 UDAs are supported.

Failure Report Message Flow

The main OAM (UFM) collects the failures detected from each board and UDA interface

of the indoor SPI-2210 and notifies them to the management system. At this time, it only

reports the upper failure information by using the failure filtering function. If it receives the

command to inhibit the report for a specific failure or all system failures from the

management system, it does not report the failure report.

The flows for the failure detection and the report message are as shown in the figures below:

Figure 4.17 Alarm Signal Flow of Indoor SPI-2210

RAS

larm detection

larm filtering

larm Report

(SNMP trap)

MMA-S

MRU-2

MRA-S UCCM MEI

RAS

WSM

(SNMP Manager)

larm detection

larm filtering

larm Report

(SNMP trap)

MMA-S

MRU-2

MRA-S

UCCM MEI

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Figure 4.18 Alarm and Control Structure of Indoor SPI-2210

MBB-P

-S (

) MM

-S (B)

UDE FCM

UDA

FF/DEL

Reset

FF/DEL/Reset

D Ex

ansion Bus

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

4.4 Loading Message Flow

Loading is the procedure to download the software execution files and the data from the IS,

which are required to perform each function of each processor and each device of the

indoor SPI-2210. Loading the indoor SPI-2210 is performed in the procedure of initializing

the system. In addition, if a specific board is mounted on the system or the hardware is

reset, or if the operator of the upper management system reboots a specific board, loading

is performed.

Loading is classified into two types, one is loading by using its own nonvolatile storage

and the other is loading by using the remote IS. When the system is initialized for the first

time, the indoor SPI-2210 receives the loading by using the remote IS, and after this, saves

the corresponding information in the internal storage, and backs up the recent information

periodically, and then it is available to avoid unnecessary loading. After the first

initialization, if the information saved in its own storage is the recent information by

comparing the version, the indoor SPI-2210 does not receive the remote loading.

The loaded information includes the software image which is configured with the execution

file and the script file, the configuration information, the PLD related to the operation

parameter and various configuration files. Among them, all the information required for the

static routing function of the indoor SPI-2210 is saved in its own storage as the startup

configure file format, and provides the information required at the time of the initialization.

Loading Procedure

To perform the loading procedure when initializing the indoor SPI-2210, the loader

performs the followings first. (Pre-loading)

y Boot-up: The booter of the Flash ROM loads the kernel and the Root File System

(RFS) from the flash ROM to the RAM Disk, and performs the kernel.

The DPSA, which uses the Intel CPU, loads the kernel and the RFS from the Disk On

Chip (DOC) to the RAM Disk via ROM BIOS booting and performs the kernel.

y IP configuration: The IP address information is obtained and configured from the flash

ROM to allow it to communicate with the first upper management system.

For automatic initialization, the indoor SPI-2210 automatically obtains the L3

information needed for communication, such as the IP address, subnet mask, and

gateway IP address from DHCP. At this time, it also receives the IP address of the

additional information server, and asks for its ID and the IP address of the RS to which

its ID is registered.

y Registration: The NE is registered to the RS, and the IP address of the IS is acquired

during the registration.

y Version Comparison: The version of the software image and the version of the PLD

saved in the remote IS and in the internal storage are compared, and the location where

to perform loading is determined from that

y File List Download: The list of the files to be loaded is downloaded for each board.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Loading Message Flow

After performing the pre-loading procedure, if the method of loading is determined, the

Main OAM (ULM) of the MMA-S which performs the operation and the maintenance of

the entire indoor SPI-2210 performs loading by using the SFTP to the corresponding IS

(remote ID or its own storage). Then, the Main OAM (ULM) becomes the internal image

server for the lower board and performs the loading procedure. The information on the

software loaded in the indoor SPI-2210 can be checked in the upper management system.

The loading message flow is as the following figure:

Figure 4.19 Loading Message Flow

Indoor SPI-2210

MRA-S

MMA-S

Indoor SPI-2210

MRA-S

MMA-S

• • • •

WSM (RS/IS)

Registration

Image Loading

RS/IS

Registration

Image Loading

RS/IS

Non-volatile

Storage

Non-volatile

Storage

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

4.5 Operation and Maintenance Message Flow

An operator can check and change the status of the indoor SPI-2210 by means of the

management system. To this end, the indoor SPI-2210 provides the SNMP agent function.

The function enables the WSM operator to perform the operation and maintenance function

of the indoor SPI-2210 at remote site by using the SNMP.

In addition, the operator can perform Web-EMT based maintenance function by using a

Web browser in a console terminal or IMISH based maintenance function by using the SSH

connection. However, grow/degrow, paging information change and neighbor list change

functions are only available on WSM.

The statistical information provided by the indoor SPI-2210 are provided to the operator

according to collection period and the real-time monitoring function for a specific

statistical item specified by the operator is, also, provided.

Operation and Maintenance Message Flow

The operation and maintenance of the indoor SPI-2210 is carried out via the SNMP

get/get_next/get_bulk/set/trap message between the SNMP agent on the main OAM and the

SNMP manager of the WSM. The indoor SPI-2210 deals with various operation and

maintenance messages received from the SNMP manager of the management system,

transfers the results and reports the events, such as failure generation or status change, in

real time as applicable.

The statistical information is provided as statistical file format in unit of Bucket Interval

(BI) and the collection period can be specified as one of 15, 30 and 60 minutes.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

• • • •

WSM

(SNMP Manager)

Web-EMT (HTTP Client)/

IMISH

Indoor SPI-2210

MRA-S

Indoor SPI-2210

MRA-S

MMA-S

HTTP Server

SNMP Agent MMA-S

SNMP Agent

CLIM

SNMP get/set/get_next/get_bulk, SNMP trap

HTTP message (command/response)

CLI Command

Statistical Date

CLIM

HTTP Server

The OAM signal flow is as shown in the figure below:

Figure 4.20 Operation and Maintenance Signal Flow

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

This page is intentionally left blank.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

CHAPTER 5. Additional Functions

and Tools

5.1 TTLNA/RET

The indoor SPI-2210 can support Tower Top Low Noise Amplifier (TTLNA) and Remote

Electrical Tilting (RET) when the AICU, 3rd party device, is mounted on the system.

TTLNA has the structure that an antenna and LNA is integrated, and service provider can

select and use TTLNA to enhance the reception noise performance. At this time, the AICU

can supply the power to maximal 12 TTLNAs, and perform the alarm and control function

for the TTLNA.

The indoor SPI-2210 exchange with the alarm and control message for the TTLNA with

WSM through AICU (AISG interface), and MMA-S, and the WSM can carry out RET

function that control the vertical direction of the antenna beam at a remote site via such

path.

Figure 5.1 TTLNA/RET Interface

Indoor SPI-2210

MEI

MMA

•

WSM

(SNMP Manager)

AICU

TTLNA-0

TTLNA-1

TTLNA-11

Antenna

AISG

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

5.2 Web-EMT

The Web-EMT is a type of GUI-based consol terminals and the tool to access the indoor

SPI-2210 directly, monitor the device status and perform operation and maintenance.

An operator can execute the Web-EMT only with Internet Explorer and the installation of

additional software is not necessary. In addition, GUI is provided in HTTPs protocol type

internally.

Figure 5.2 Web-EMT Interface

The Web-EMT enables the operator to restart the indoor SPI-2210 or internal boards,

inquire/set configuration and operation parameters, carry out status and failure monitoring

and perform the diagnosis function. However, the functions for resource grow/degrow or

the changes of the operation information concerned with neighbor list are only available on

the WSM managing the entire network and the loading image.

Indoor SPI-2210

MRA-S

Indoor SPI-2210

MRA-S• • • •

Web-EMT

MMA-S MMA-S

HTTP Server HTTP Server

HTTP message HTTP message

OAM command/response OAM command/response

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

ABBREVIATION

AA Access Accept

AAA Authentication, Authorization, Accounting

AC Admission Control

ACR Access Control Router

ADC Analog to Digital Conversion

AGC Automatic Gain Control

AICU Antenna Interface Control Unit

AISG Antenna Interface Standards Group

AMC Adaptive Modulation and Coding

API Application Programming Interface

AR Access Request

ARQ Automatic Repeat request

ASN Access Service Network

BI Bucket Interval

BP Board Processor

AC Call Admission Control

CC Call Control

CID Connection Identifier

CLEI Common Language Equipment Identifier

CLIM Command Line Interface Management

CLLI Common Language Location Identifier

CMIP Client Mobile IP

CoS Class of Service

CSN Connectivity Service Network

CTC Convolutional Turbo Code

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

DAC Digital to Analog Conversion

DAM Diameter AAA Management

DD Device Driver

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DL Downlink

DMB Digital Main Block

DNS Domain Name Service

DST Daylight Saving Time

EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol

EMI Electro-Magnetic Interference

EMI EMS Interface

EMS Element Management System

FA Foreign Agent

FA Frequency Allocation

FAN-PID FAN module-Premium Indoor DMB

FAN-PIR FAN module-Premium Indoor RFB

FCM Fan Control Module

FE Fast Ethernet

FEC Forward Error Correction

FFT Fast Fourier Transform

FRP Frequency Reuse Pattern

GBIC Gigabit Interface Converter

GE Gigabit Ethernet

GPS Global Positioning System

GPSR GPS Receiver

GRE Generic Routing Encryption

GUI Graphical User Interface

HA Home Agent

H-ARQ Hybrid-Automatic Repeat Request

HO Handover

HTTPs Hypertext Transfer Protocol over SSL

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IMISH Integrated Management Interface Shell

IP Internet Protocol

IPRS IP Routing Software

IS Image Server

LTE Long Term Evolution

LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signaling

MAC Medium Access Control

MBB-P Mobile WiMAX base station Backplane Board-Premium

MCU Mobile WiMAX base station RF Combiner Unit

MEI Mobile WiMAX base station External Interface board assembly

MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output

MIP Mobile IP

MLPPP Multi Link Point to Point Protocol

MMA-S Mobile WiMAX base station Main control board Assembly-Standard

MRA-S Mobile WiMAX base station RAS board Assembly-Standard

MRR Mobile WiMAX base station RF Receiver

MRU-2 Mobile WiMAX base station RF Unit-20 MHz

MS Mobile Station

MTA-1 Mobile WiMAX base station Trunk board Assembly-T1

MTA-3 Mobile WiMAX base station Trunk board Assembly-DS3

MW Middleware

NE Network Element

NP Network Processor

NPS Network Processor Software

NWG Network Working Group

OAGS Common SNMP Agent Subagent

OAM Operation and Maintenance

OCM Common Configuration Management

OER Common Event Router

OEV Common Event Viewer

OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access

OPM Common Performance Management

OS Operating System

OSSM Common Subscription Service Management

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

PBA Panel Board Assembly

PCB Printed Circuit Board

PCRF Policy & Charging Rules Function

PDP-PIR Power Distribution Panel-Premium Indoor Redundancy

PDP-PA Power Distribution Panel-Premium Auxiliary

PDU Protocol Data Unit

PF Proportional Fair

PGID Paging Cycle, Paging Offset

PHY Physical Layer

PLD Programmable Loading Data

PMIP Proxy Mobile IP

PP2S Pulse Per 2 Seconds

PPP Point to Point Protocol

QAM Quadrature Amplifier Modulation

QCS Quick Connection Setup

QoS Quality of Service

RAS Radio Access Station

RET Remote Electrical Tilting

RDM RAS Diagnosis Management

RFB RF Block

RFS Root File System

RRC RAS Resource Controller

RS Registration Server

RSC RAS Service Controller

RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator

RTC RAS Traffic Controller

SAE System Architecture Evolution

SDU Service Data Unit

SFP Small Form Factor Pluggable

SFTP SSH File Transfer Protocol

SMIR Samsung Mobile WiMAX base station Indoor Rack

SMIR-A Samsung Mobile WiMAX base station premium Indoor Rack-Auxiliary

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

SNMPD SNMP Daemon

SSH Secure Shell

SSL Secure Sockets Layer

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

TCA Threshold Cross Alert

TDD Time Division Duplex

TTLNA Tower Top Low Noise Amplifier

UCCM Universal Core Clock Module

UDA User Defined Alarm

UDE User Define Ethernet

UDP User Datagram Protocol

UFM Universal Fault Management

UL Uplink

ULM Universal Loading Management

VIF Virtual Interface

VLAN Virtual Local Area Network

Web-EMT Web-based Element Maintenance Terminal

WLAN Wireless Local Area Network

WSM Mobile WiMAX System Manager

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

This page is intentionally left blank.

MPE Information

Warning: Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation The radiated output power

of this device is far below the FCC radio frequency exposure limits.

Nevertheless, the device should be used in such a manner that the potential

for human contact during normal operation is minimized. In order to avoid

the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits, human

proximity to the antenna should not be less than 300cm during normal

operation. The gain of the antenna is 17 dBi. The antenna(s) used for this

transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other

antenna or transmitter.

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description

INDEX

4-branch Rx Diversity ............2-2, 3-8

AAA server....................................1-5

Access Termination ....................4-25

ACR .....................................1-5, 2-19

Active/standby ............................3-39

AICU ....................................3-10, 5-1

Alarm ...................................3-4, 4-28

Altitude........................................2-15

ARQ..............................................2-7

ASN Interface .............................2-21

ASN-GW ....................................... 1-2

Authentication...............................4-5

operator .......................................2-10

Auxiliary Device........... 2-9, 2-17, 3-2

Awake Mode........................4-8, 4-25

Backboard.....................................3-4

Beamforming .........................2-2, 2-5

BF ...............................................2-14

BI ................................................4-32

Board OAM.................................3-22

Boot-up .......................................4-30

BS.................................................1-2

CAC ..............................................2-6

Call processing ......................2-5, 4-1

Call Trace.................................... 2-11

Capacity...................................... 2-14

overview ............................. 3-18, 3-19

structure ...................................... 3-19

Channel Bandwidth .................... 2-14

Channel Card .............................2-14

CID................................................2-5

CLIM ........................................... 3-26

Clock....................................3-4, 4-27

Collaborative SM ..........................2-5

Contention Based Bandwidth

Request ........................................2-3

CSM.............................................. 2-2

Decoding ......................................2-3

Demodulation ............................... 2-3

Device Driver..............................3-18

Disabling ZCS............................. 2-13

DL/UL MAP...................................2-4

DMB.......................................3-1, 3-3

DS3 interface.............................. 2-21

Dual Stack ....................................2-8

Earthquake ................................. 2-15

EMI ....................................2-15, 3-22

Encoding.......................................2-3

Environmental Alarm ..................2-15

Environmental Condition ............2-15

Ethernet CoS................................2-9

Ethernet interface ................2-21, 3-4

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

FAN-PID......................................3-12

FAN-PIR......................................3-12

FCM ............................................3-12

FFT .............................................2-14

Frequency Allocation ....................2-2

FRP...............................................2-2

GPSM .........................................3-15

GPSR..........................................2-15

HA.................................................1-5

Handover

message flow .............................. 4-19

procedure ...................................... 2-6

H-ARQ ..........................................2-4

Holdover .......................................3-5

Humidity Condition......................2-15

I/O module ..................................3-14

Idle Mode.............................4-8, 4-26

status............................................. 2-6

IMISH..........................................2-10

Indoor SPI-2210

configuration......................... 2-17, 3-2

interface....................................... 2-19

introduction.................................... 2-1

software....................................... 3-17

Initial Access.................................4-1

Input Power.................................2-14

Input Voltage...............................2-14

Integrity Check............................2-12

Interface

external........................................ 3-15

system......................................... 2-19

IP configuration...........................4-30

IP QoS ..........................................2-8

IP Routing.....................................2-8

IPRS ...........................................3-18

IS ................................................4-30

Link aggregation ........ 2-21, 3-5, 3-40

LNA...............................................3-8

Loader.........................................3-30

Loading..............................4-30, 4-31

Location update ..........................4-13

LPMD..........................................3-14

LPME..........................................3-14

LPMT ..........................................3-14

MAC ARQ .....................................2-7

Main OAM...................................3-22

Matrix A.........................................2-4

Matrix B.........................................2-4

MBB-P ..........................................3-4

MCU.......................................3-8, 3-9

MEI

detailed information........................3-6

overview.........................................3-4

Middleware .................................3-17

MIMO.................... 2-4, 2-14, 3-4, 3-8

MLPPP........................................2-21

MMA-S

detailed information........................3-5

overview.........................................3-4

redundancy ..................................3-39

Mobile communication..................1-1

Mobile WiMAX

introduction.....................................1-1

network ..........................................1-4

standard..........................................1-2

system function ..............................1-6

Modulation ....................................2-3

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

MRA-S

detailed information........................3-4

overview.........................................3-4

redundancy..................................3-40

MRR............................... 2-2, 3-8, 3-9

MRU-2 ..........................................3-8

MS ..............................................2-19

NAT...............................................2-8

Network Synchronization............4-27

Noise...........................................2-15

NPS ............................................3-18

OAGS .........................................3-24

OAM............................................3-18

interface.......................................3-22

overview.......................................3-21

structure.......................................3-21

OAM interface.............................2-21

OAM Traffic Throttling.................2-12

OCIM ..........................................3-14

OCM ...........................................3-36

OER............................................3-35

OEV ............................................3-35

OFDMA.......................... 2-1, 2-3, 3-4

Operation and Maintenance .......4-32

OPM............................................3-33

OS...............................................3-17

OSSM .........................................3-34

Output.........................................2-14

Paging.........................................4-18

PCRF server.................................1-5

PDP-PA......................................... 2-9

PDP-PI.................................3-1, 3-10

Power amplification ...................... 3-8

Power Control......................2-4, 2-14

Power Structure.......................... 3-11

PPP.............................................2-21

Pre-loading ........................3-30, 4-30

Protocol Stack.............................2-20

PSFMR ....................................... 2-11

PSMR ......................................... 2-11

QAM symbol.................................2-4

QCS............................................ 4-11

QoS

IP................................................... 2-8

support .......................................... 2-7

R1 interface ................................ 2-20

R6 interface ................................ 2-20

Rack

size.............................................. 2-14

weight .......................................... 2-14

Radiation Structure.....................3-12

Ranging ........................................ 2-3

RAS ..............................................1-4

RDM............................................3-37

Redundancy ...............................3-39

RET...............................................5-1

RF Band .....................................2-14

RF Specification.......................... 2-16

RFB........................................3-1, 3-7

RJIM ...........................................3-15

RRC............................................3-19

RSC ...................................3-19, 3-20

RTC ...................................3-19, 3-20

Rx Diversity ................................2-14

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210 System Description/Ed.07

Sleep Mode

status.................................... 2-6, 4-10

SM.................................................2-4

SMIM...........................................3-14

SMIR..................................2-14, 2-17

SMIR-A ..............................2-14, 2-17

SNMP agent ...............................4-32

SNMP manager ..........................4-32

SNMPD.......................................3-23

Software Upgrade....................... 2-11

Status Change ..............................4-8

STC...............................................2-4

Subchannelization ........................2-4

T1 interface.................................2-21

TCA............................................. 2-11

TDD switch ...................................3-8

Temperature Condition ...............2-15

Throughput Test..........................2-12

TTLNA ..........................................5-1

UCCM........................ 3-5, 3-39, 4-27

UDA .......................................2-9, 3-4

UDE ..............................................3-4

UFM............................................3-28

ULM ............................................3-31

Uplink Timing Synchronization .....2-3

UTIM...........................................3-14

Vibration......................................2-15

VLAN ............................................2-9

Web-EMT..................... 2-10, 3-5, 5-2

WebEMT.....................................3-25

Wireless Backhaul ........................2-9

WLAN ...........................................1-1

WSM.......................... 1-5, 2-19, 4-32

Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS SPI-2210

System Description

Information in this manual is proprietary to SAMSUNG

Electronics Co., Ltd.

No information contained here may be copied, translated,

transcribed or duplicated by any form without the prior written

consent of SAMSUNG.

Information in this manual is subject to change without notice.

Samsung Electronics Co SPI-2210012502 Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS User Manual

Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Mobile WiMAX Indoor RAS

User Manual

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