Shyam Telecom R4-40-S8 SMR800 Band Outdoor Repeater R4-40-S8 User Manual User s manual for

Shyam Telecom Inc. SMR800 Band Outdoor Repeater R4-40-S8 User s manual for

Manual

Next Generation Signal Enhancement RF / SBR Series All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page OOPPEERRAATTIIOONN && IINNSSTTAALLLLAATTIIOONN MMAANNUUAALL June 2007RR44 ((BBaanndd SSeelleeccttiivvee)) RReeppeeaatteerr R4-40-S8 for SMR800 Band Outdoor Application/FCC ID:S3CR4-40-S8 Proprietary Information The information contained herein is proprietary to Shyam Telecom Limited. Unauthorized access, copy and replication are prohibited. This document must not be copied in whole or part by any means or it shall not be disclosed or divulged to any third Party without the prior written consent of Shyam Telecom Limited. 1/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement Contents 1. Document History.......................................................................................... 3 2. Disclaimer ...................................................................................................... 3 3. Safety Instructions and Warnings................................................................ 3 3.1. Personnel Safety ...............................................................................3 3.2. Equipment Safety ..............................................................................3 3.3. Electrostatic Sensitivity ......................................................................4 4. Introduction.................................................................................................... 5 4.1. Purpose ............................................................................................. 5 4.2. Scope................................................................................................. 5 4.3. Definitions ..........................................................................................5 4.4. References ........................................................................................6 4.5. General .............................................................................................. 6 5. Functional Description Of R4 Band Selective Repeater............................. 7 5.1. General Description ...........................................................................7 6. To Get started-Basic Software Control Of the Repeater .......................... 10 6.1. General ............................................................................................ 10 6.2. Terminal Set-up ............................................................................... 10 6.3. Block Diagram Description............................................................... 19 7. R4 Repeater Specifications ........................................................................ 22 7.1. Electrical Specifications-RF ............................................................. 22 7.2. Electrical Specification Power Requirement .................................... 22 7.3. External Electrical Interface ............................................................. 22 7.4. Mechanical Specification ................................................................. 22 7.5. Environmental Specification............................................................. 23 7.6. Contents of Delivery......................................................................... 23 8. Installation.................................................................................................... 24 8.1. Preparation Sheet- Pre Installation .................................................. 24 8.2. Engineering Consideration............................................................... 25 8.3. Installation Tools .............................................................................. 27 8.4. Installation Procedure ...................................................................... 27 8.5. Gain Setting ..................................................................................... 28 8.6. Commissioning System ................................................................... 29 8.7. Dos & Do Not Dos............................................................................ 29 8.8. Checklist – Post Installation ............................................................. 30 9. System Maintenance................................................................................... 31 9.1. General ............................................................................................ 31 9.2. Preventative Maintenance ............................................................... 31 All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 2/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 1. Document History Document Number Document Name Document date Author Edited by Approved by Revision As per code wizard document 2 R4 Band Selective Repeater June 2007 Revision Revised Section Date/Sign 2. Disclaimer Every attempt has been made to make this material complete, accurate, and up-to-date. Users are cautioned, however, that Shyam Telecom Limited reserves the right to make changes without notice and shall not be responsible for any damages including consequential, caused by reliance of the contents presented, including, but not limited to, typographical, arithmetical, or listing errors. Product name(s) referenced in this document may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies, and are hereby acknowledged. Guarantees In areas with unstable power grids (mains) all repeaters must be installed with a voltage regulator ensuring a constant voltage level at the repeater power input. A maximum voltage deviation should remain within the input range to the repeaters for warranty purposes. All antennas must be installed with lighting protection. Damage to power modules, as a result of lightning are not covered in the warranty. 3. Safety Instructions and Warnings 3.1. Personnel Safety Before installing or replacing any equipment, the entire manual should be read and understood. The user needs to supply the appropriate AC power to the Repeater. Incorrect AC power settings can damage the repeater and may cause injury to the user. Throughout this manual, there are "Caution" warnings. "Caution" calls attention to a procedure or practice, which, if ignored, may result in injury or damage to the system or system component or even the user. Do not perform any procedure preceded by a "Caution" until the described conditions are fully understood and met. 3.2. Equipment Safety When installing, replacing or using this product, observe all safety precautions during handling and operation. Failure to comply with the following general safety precautions and with specific precautions described elsewhere in this manual violates the safety standards of the design, manufacture, and intended use of this product. Shyam Telecom Limited assumes no liability for the customer's failure to comply with these precautions. This entire manual should be read and understood before operating or maintaining the repeater system. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 3/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement CAUTION Calls attention to a procedure or practice which, if not followed, may result in personal injury, damage to the system or damage to individual components. Do not perform any procedure preceded by a CAUTION until described conditions are fully understood and met. 3.3. Electrostatic Sensitivity CAUTION ESD = ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE SENSITIVE DEVICE Observe electrostatic precautionary procedures. Semiconductor transmitters and receivers provide highly reliable performance when operated in conformity with the intentions of their design. However, a semiconductor may be damaged by an electrostatic charge inadvertently imposed by careless handling. Static electricity can be conducted to the semiconductor chip from the centre pin of the RF input connector, and through the AC connector pins. When unpacking and otherwise handling the Repeater, follow ESD precautionary procedures including the use of grounded wrist straps, grounded workbench surfaces, and grounded floor mats. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 4/32
All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 4/32 Next Generation Signal Enhancement WARNING! This equipment complies with FCC & IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. The unit with server antenna must be installed to provide minimum 2.5 m separation distance between the server antenna and the body of user or near by person. The donor antenna used for this transmitter must be fixed-mounted on outdoor permanent structures with a separation distance of at least 2.5 meters from all persons during normal operation. The RF electric performance of the repeater conforms to FCC requirement of the inter modulation and spurious emission. It avoids interference problems.
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 4. Introduction 4.1. Purpose The purpose of this document is to describe the electrical and mechanical specifications, operation and maintenance of the R4 Band Selective Repeater. 4.2. Scope This document is the product description of the Shyam R4 Band Selective Repeater for outdoor application. 4.3. Definitions AGC Automatic Gain Control ALC Automatic Level Control APC Automatic Power Control BCCH Broadcast Control Channel BTS Base Transceiver Station BSEL Band Selective CDMA Coded Division Multiple Access CMC Configuration & Monitoring Console software CMB Combiner Unit CSEL Channel Selective DCS Digital Communication System DL Downlink signal (from base station via repeater to mobile station) EGSM Extended Global System for Mobile Communication ETSI European Telecommunications Standard Institute GSM Global System for Mobile communication LAC Location Area Code of the BTS site LED Light Emitting Diode LNA Low Noise Amplifier LO Local Oscillator MS Mobile Station MSC Mobile Switching Center NMS Network Management System PCN Personal Communication Network PCS Personal Communication System PSU Power Supply Unit RF Radio Frequency RMS Remote Management System RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication RTC Real Time Clock UL (Uplink) Uplink signal direction (from mobile station via repeater to base station) All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 5/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 4.4. References [1] ETS 300 086. Radio Equipment and Systems Land mobile service Technical characteristics and test conditions for radio equipment with an internal or external RF connector intended primarily for analogue speech. [2] ETS 300 609-4. Digital cellular telecommunications system (phase 2): Base Station Systems (BSS) equipment specification: Part 4: Repeaters. [3] ETS 300 342-3 Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) for European Digital Cellular Telecommunications systems. Base Station Radio and ancillary equipment and Repeaters meeting phase 2 GSM requirements. 4.5. General Mobile Communications Systems are planned as cellular systems and each cell of the base station is required to provide RF coverage over a certain geographical area as per defined RF power levels. Due to the RF propagation properties, even using high radiated RF powers or complicated antenna systems, there are zones within the coverage area where the RF signal strength from base station remains inadequate for establishing the desired connectivity to mobile users. Repeaters traditionally are inducted in the Mobile Communication network to fill in the “Dead Zones” caused by blocking of signals by geographic topologies such as mountains, valleys, dense foliage, high rising urban landscapes and other man-made structures. The distance from the base station also adversely affects the RF signal strength. The user views repeaters as a means to extend base station coverage so as to reduce the number of base stations and thereby accelerate network availability. Repeater systems are installed after meticulous planning between BTSs and the mobile users to provide RF coverage in the shadowed regions. Repeater systems are available for different applications and ultimate choice shall depend on some of the factors mentioned below: • Area to be provided with coverage. • Indoor/outdoor coverage. • Availability of BTSs in the vicinity. • Antenna isolation to be achieved. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 6/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 5. Functional Description Of R4 Band Selective Repeater 5.1. General Description The R4 Band Selective Repeater System is designed to provide outdoor coverage and can handle signals up to two sub bands in any one of the service bands, used around the World by various service operators. It provides highly selective amplification in the pre-set band. The details of operating service frequency bands are given below: S.NO. Service Band DL Frequency (MHz) UL Frequency (MHz) 1. SMR 851-869 806-824 2. Cellular 869-894 824-849 3. iDEN 935-941 896-902 4. EGSM 925-960 880-915 5. GSM 900 935-960 890-915 6. DCS 1805-1880 1710-1785 7. PCS 1930-1990 1850-1910 8. UMTS 2110-2170 1920-1980 [The Customer is advised to refer to the packing note giving the details of frequency band set & the bandwidths of different sub bands equipped in the repeater: ony SMR80 Band is subject to this FCC application w/ FCC ID:S3CR4-40-S8] • The repeater adopts duplex mode and bi-directional amplification for U/L & D/L signals between the base station and mobile users. It has been designed for outdoor applications to meet the requirements of large number of users in the targeted area. • It conforms to ETSI standards & safety requirements. • The system can be incorporated with optional Remote Management System (RMS). It enables status monitoring, remote configuration & speedy maintenance. • The system can be customized to meet the requirement of user for coverage by making provision for radiating required RF power in the DL/UL paths to achieve the coverage. The System is incorporated with monitoring facility through USB port with easy GUI interface. • It intercepts signals from the BTS through a DONOR antenna (highly directional outdoor antenna) and distributes the signals to mobile users after amplification through SERVER antennas (omni directional) system in the D/L. • In the U/L, the signals from the mobile users are picked up by SERVER antenna and retransmitted to the BTS after processing & amplification in the repeater. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 7/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement The repeater consists of the following modules/units: • LNA • Converter modules • Power amplifiers • Power supply modules • Duplexer filters for transmit/receive directions • Supervisory module • A metallic case houses the repeater. Arrangement is made for heat dissipation especially for amplifiers, which generate more heat. The choice of suitable metal as the case material gives a lightweight design with good heat conduction and waterproof protection. The housing conforms to IP65 standards. Figure 1: Outdoor Application in Urban Area All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 8/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement Figure 2: Outdoor Application in Rural Area All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 9/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 6. To Get started-Basic Software Control Of the Repeater 6.1. General The repeater is equipped with a supervisory module that allows the monitoring and control of various parameters such as RF power, attenuation, temperature, status of door and alarm conditions etc. The communication interface between the local terminal and the control module can be set up using the Configuration & Monitoring Console software (CMC), which is an easy to use GUI for simple control and monitoring. This way, the parameters can be easily observed and adjusted from the display terminal. This can be performed either via a terminal (PC/laptop) locally, or via remote login through the wireless modem (Optional) located in the repeater. USB port is provisioned in the equipment for connecting PC/laptop. 6.2. Terminal Set-up The repeater system is delivered with software loaded in order to perform configuration as per requirement. It also enables monitoring the status. Configuration of parameters can be carried out locally with the help of laptop / PC connected to the repeater by means of local USB serial interface or remotely via wireless modem (Optional) mounted inside the repeater. The laptop/PC should be loaded with the CMC software available on the supplied CD along with the USB driver. I) LOGIN-Repeater After running the repeater Configuration & Monitoring Console (CMC), user needs to login the repeater, sequence as under, may be followed: • Click the “LOGIN” on the command bar. • Select the user type (ADMINSTRATOR or SUPERVISOR). • Enter the password. • Finally click the “OK”. A message “Logged in successfully” will appear on the screen after successful login. There are two types of users viz. ADMINISTRATOR and SUPERVISOR. If user logged in as an ADMINISTRATOR, all the functions can be performed through the CMC. By default, the password for both users is “SHYAM”. SUPERVISOR is allowed to perform monitoring of the status & alarms but no change in configuration is permitted. However, the SUPERVISOR can change password if so desired. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 10/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement Figure 3: Login Repeater II) CONFIGURATION (Figure 4) Configuring repeater means setting the repeater parameters for operation as per the requirement at site. The configuration is carried out after the physical installation is completed. Click on the command bar to display the configuration and monitoring window, which allows access to all the configurable repeater parameters. User can login for configuration & monitoring of repeater parameters. • START command is for initiating the dialogue. • SET command is for updating the repeater parameters. Information as detailed below, is configured after the “CONFIGURATION” window is activated: i. Repeater ID: User can assign a unique repeater ID to each repeater installed. Up to 10 characters are allowed in this field. ii. Repeater Location: User can assign the address of location where repeater is installed. Up to 30 characters are allowed in this field. iii. Sub Bands (UL/DL Frequency Bands): The frequency bandwidths with frequency details, of the loaded sub bands in UL & DL paths are specified. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 11/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement iv. Output Power: Maximum Output Power limits in UL & DL paths are set. A “PA Power high” alarm will be generated when PA power exceeds the upper limit. Figure 4: Configuration Window v. RSSI Alarm: Lower and Upper RSSI Limits in DL are set in the factory. A RSSI High alarm will be generated when RSSI exceeds the set upper limit, and a RSSI Low alarm will be generated when RSSI goes below the set lower limit. Upper range can be set from -35 to -55dBm. Lower range can be set from -75 to -95dBm vi. PA On/Off: User can set uplink and/or downlink PA as ON or OFF independently for testing/maintenance purpose at the time of installation for both the bands. After completing the installation it must be in ON condition only. vii. Attenuation: This field is specified with the attenuation inserted in the system, both in the DL & UL directions to set the desired RF power. viii. Save Parameters as Text File:  SAVE: Configured parameters can be saved as text file by clicking at SAVE for later reference. ix. Open Text File:  OPEN: Saved configured text file can be opened and displayed on the configuration window by clicking at OPEN. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 12/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement Figure 5: Monitoring Window III) MONITORING (Figure 5) In this window, the status of the system is monitored for the following parameters/conditions: STATUS S.NO. Parameters/Conditions Remarks 1. Start and Stop Frequency of sub bands, equipped. The specified frequency bands in DL & UL are displayed. 2. RSSI (DL) for the Band Prevailing DL signal level is indicated. 3. RSSI (UL) for the Band Prevailing UL signal level is indicated. 4. Attenuation DL Indicates attenuation inserted in the system in DL path. 5. Attenuation UL Indicates attenuation inserted in the system in UL path. 6. Output Power DL RF output power in DL path is displayed. 7. Output Power UL RF output power in UL path is displayed. 8. PA Temperature DL Prevailing temperature of PA in DL path. 9. PA Temperature UL Prevailing temperature of PA in UL path. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 13/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 10. APC (DL) The APC action in the DL path is indicated. 11. APC (UL) The APC action in the UL path is indicated. 12. System Temperature Prevailing system temperature is indicated. 13. Power supply Values of derived voltages are displayed, 14. Converters ON/OFF It indicates the relevant information about equipped converters. IV) ALARMS (Figure 5) Details of alarms displayed are given below: S.NO. Alarm Indication Remarks 1. PA OFF (Manual) Indicates the PA OFF (Manual) condition in the DL &/or UL paths. 2. PA OFF (Auto) Indicates the PA OFF (Auto) condition in the DL &/or UL paths. 3. PA Power Low DL When PA Power in DL path goes below the set limit, is indicated through the red LED. 4. PA Power High DL When PA Power in DL path exceeds the upper limit, is indicated through the red LED. 5. DL PA Temperature High When PA Temperature in DL path exceeds limit. 6. UL PA Temperature High When PA Temperature in UL path exceeds limit. 7. LNA Alarm Indicates the failure of LNA in DL/UL paths. 8. VSWR Alarm Indicates the mismatch condition at the DL/UL RF ports resulting in exceeding the VSWR limits. 9. Synthesizer fail for the sub bands equipped. Indicates the failure of relevant synthesizer in DL/UL directions. 10. RSSI low (DL) Indicates the exceeding lower limit of RSSI in the DL direction. 11. RSSI high (DL) Indicates the exceeding upper limit of RSSI in the DL direction. 12. AC fail Indicates the failure of AC mains to the system. 13. DC fail Indicates the failure of DC derived voltages in the system. 14. System Temperature Indicates the rise in temperature of the system. 15. Door Open Indicates the opening of the door of the repeater. Monitoring interval is 3 seconds i.e. after every 3 seconds data on the monitoring window is refreshed. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 14/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement a. LOCAL CONNECTION In this type of connection, user computer COM Port and repeater’s USB port are connected directly using cable. Sequence is as under: • Click the “COMM.” on the command bar to display the COMMUNICATION window. • Select the Connection Type as “LOCAL” • Select the computer’s Comm. Port where the repeater is connected. • Click “OK”. b. REMOTE CONNECTION In this type of connection, User communicates from/to remote location with the repeater using wireless Modem / Cell phone. To connect: • Click the “COMM.” on the command bar to display the COMMUNICATION window. • Select the Connection Type as “REMOTE”. • Select the computer’s Comm. Port where the wireless Modem is connected. • Click “OK”. • Now click the DIALUP on the command bar to display the DIALUP window. • Enter / Select the repeater phone number. • Click the “DIAL” and wait (maximum 60 seconds) for connection. A message “CONNECTED” will appear on the screen after the GSM Connection is established. Click the “DISCONNECT” on the DIALUP window to disconnect remote communication with the repeater. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 16/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement Figure 7: Communication Window VI) Instant Alarms by SMS (Figure 8) The provision exists in the system for getting the alarm information through “Instant Alarms by SMS” which is carried out by Wireless Modem. Following information is desired to be fed for enabling this facility: • SMS Service Center Number • RMS Phone Number • Maintenance Phone Number VII) Security Settings (Figure 9) The system has two levels of permitting Log in to the repeater to avoid unauthorized operation. The levels are: ADMINISTRATOR & SUPERVISOR. Each level has a specific password. The password for each level can be changed at intervals. ADMINISTRATOR has rights to perform all functions Viz. Configuration, Monitoring etc. Whereas the SUPERVISOR is allowed to perform limited functions like monitoring of alarms, establishing communication etc. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 17/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement Figure 8: Instant Alarms by SMS Figure 9: Security Settings All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 18/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement a. DONOR Antenna Donor antenna of appropriate bandwidth & gain interfaces the BTS on one side and repeater system on other side through RF cable. Figure 11: Donor Antenna (Patch Panel) It intercepts signals from the base station and switch electromagnetic waves into RF signals in the DL and vice versa in the UL. The antenna with more than 10-12 dB gain transfers intercepted signals to the repeater and transmits uplink signals amplified by the repeater. b. Duplexer The main function of duplexer is to isolate the uplink frequency from the downlink frequency, i.e. isolate transmit path from receive path. Two duplexer units are provided in the repeater, one in the Donor antenna side and other in the server antenna side. Each duplexer transfers/receives signals from respective antenna for further connectivity to low noise amplifier. The bandwidth of the duplex filter depends on the operator’s frequency band (18MHz, 15MHz, 10MHz, 9MHz, or full Band etc.). c. Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) This module is provided after duplexer before the converter. The LNA provides compensation for the losses suffered by the stream of weak signals as it passes through splitter/combiner & duplexer (passive devices). Two LNAs are provided, one each in the UL & DL directions. d. Converter Module The basic block of converter module comprises of L.O. frequency mixer, filter and intermediate amplifier. The low noise amplified signals are All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 20/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement converted to IF in frequency mixer with frequency fed from LO. The signals are passed through sharply tuned filters. Number of converters equipped, shall depend on the number of sub bands provisioned in the system. In case two sub bands are equipped, total number of converters shall be four i.e. two in the DL & two in the UL. e. Power Amplifier It is the core module of repeater. It includes driver stage and final stage. It is installed directly on the heat sink of the repeater. Driver stage and final stage of power amplifier are in the same unit. Two power amplifiers with specific frequency bandwidths & gain are provided, one each in the UL & DL directions. f. Controller Module (Supervisory) The man-machine communication between the cellular operator and the repeater is established through this module. One of the two options as given below can be used for achieving this objective: • USB interface • Wireless modem (Optional) Remote controlling function of repeater can be achieved by inserting Wireless modem. This arrangement also enables status of repeaters at different locations to be monitored. g. POWER SUPPLY The power supply unit incorporated in the repeater is of high efficiency and reliability. Different DC voltages required for the operation of electronic circuitries are derived in this unit. The standard input voltage is 100 to 240 V AC, 47 Hz to 63 Hz. When the power supply varies in this range and the frequency in 47 to 63Hz, its output DC derived voltages remain constant within 1% of nominal value. h. SERVER Antenna Server antenna transmits signals from the repeater station to mobile users and transport received uplink signals from the mobile users to the base station. Based on the coverage area, a set of select panel antenna having 60°, 65°, 90° or 120° vertical polarizations with N type connecters are installed at spots as per the coverage area requirements. Figure 10: Server Antenna All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 21/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 7. R4 Repeater Specifications 7.1. Electrical Specifications-RF S.NO. Parameter Specified limits/Remarks 1. Frequency band in DL path. 851 to 869 MHz 2. Frequency band in UL path. 806 to 824 MHz 3. Number of RF Sub bands Equipped with One sub band with full band width 4. RF composite power +40dBm 5. Spurious Emission ≤ 36 dBm from 9 KHz to 1 GHz ≤ -30 dBm from 1 GHz to 12.75 GHz 6. Automatic Power Control 25 dB 7. Repeater Gain 95 dB 8. Attenuation range for gain adjustment in DL & UL 31 dB in 1 dB step (Software control) 9. Gain flatness over band ±2 dB 10. Gain variation with temperature ± 1.5 dB 11. Total delay in the signal path/direction 5.5 microseconds max. 12. Noise figure 5 dB Max. 13. Impedance 50 Ohms 14. Return loss 14 dB 15. RMS interface Wireless modem (optional), USB port 7.2. Electrical Specification Power Requirement Parameters Specified/Limits Input AC Voltage Range 100-240 V, 47/63 Hz Power Consumption +40dBm RF output Power 300 watts 7.3. External Electrical Interface Parameters Specification RF port UL N-type (F) RF port DL N-type (F) 7.4. Mechanical Specification Dimensions (w x h x d) 850x515x240 mm(33x20x9 inches) Weight 42 Kg. (92 lbs.) Housing Outdoor application Grounding Connection Bolt Housing Color Grey Cooling Convection All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 22/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 7.5. Environmental Specification Conditions Specification Operating Temperature -35oC to +550C (-310F to +1310F) Storage Temperature -300C to +750C (-220F to +1670F) Enclosure IP-65 7.6. Contents of Delivery ITEMS QUANTITY Repeater R4 1 PC interface cable for USB port 1 Power cable 3 pin – 3 meter length 1 Operation & Installation manual 1 CD containing the application software 1 Wireless Modem (Optional) 1 Mounting Clamps with Nuts-bolts 1 set Repeater Door Key 1 set All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 23/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 8. Installation 8.1. Preparation Sheet- Pre Installation 1. General Application: Outdoor Service Band: Frequency Band DL- 851 to 869 MHz Frequency Band UL- 806 to 824 MHz Number Of Sub Bands: One with full band width 2. Technical requirements S.NO. Requirement Remarks 1. RF Power available at site where donor antenna is to be installed 2. Estimated cable loss from donor antenna to the repeater unit 3. Estimated DL RF power to the input to the repeater 4. Desired RF Power in DL 5. Proposed gain settings in DL path 7. Attenuator to be inserted in DL path 8. Estimated cable loss from repeater unit to server antenna port 9. ERP at server antenna 10. Desired RF Power in UL 11. Proposed gain settings in UL path 12. Attenuator to be inserted in UL path 3. Proposed site Address:--------------------------- 4. User’s Address & other particulars:--------------------------------- Date: Prepared by:------------- All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 24/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 8.2. Engineering Consideration a. Site Selection Site selection is one of the most critical decisions affecting the overall performance of the system. A repeater must be located where it can receive the maximum signal from the donor site in order to maximize the repeater’s output and performance, a signal strength greater than or equal to -75dBm is desired. Examples of repeater (and accompanying antenna) locations include (but are not limited to): the roof of a building adjacent to the affected area, with the antennas mounted to the penthouse or building sides; the top of the hill that is obstructing the donor site’s coverage, with the antennas mounted on poles at ground level; a water tower with antennas mounted at the top; an existing utility pole with equipment and antennas mounted below any existing power lines; a newly installed pole or tower. Distance from both the donor site as well as from the new area to be covered must be taken into consideration. The repeater unit should be located close to the donor site to receive maximum signal strength and at the same time is located in the vicinity of area where coverage is desired. In addition, the donor antenna associated should have line of sight with BTS site to reduce the effects of fading. Another important issue when choosing a repeater location is the availability of commercial power. If commercial power is unavailable, solar power may be an option. Sites where repeater unit is installed should be easily accessible for the maintenance team. b. Antenna Selection and Placement Proper selection of the repeater’s donor and server antennas is crucial in designing the repeater system. Good antenna characteristics help to provide proper isolation between the server (coverage) and donor antennas, which helps to prevent feedback. An isolation of at least 15dB more than the gain setting of the repeater is required. If the isolation is less than the repeater gain, oscillation will occur. Specific ways to achieve proper isolation include: using high gain, directional antennas with good Front to Back ratios (25dB or better); physical separation of the repeater’s donor and server antennas; and external shielding between antennas. A high gain antenna will help minimize overall path loss to achieve the desired output power. Donor antenna gains are typically 10 to 12 dB, while server antennas are often 7 to 10 dB. The coverage antenna normally has a horizontal beam width of 60 to 120 degrees. The donor antenna should have a horizontal and vertical beam width of less than 30 degrees so as to correctly select the donor base station instead of other nearby base stations. • The antennas should have proper frequency band of operation. • Adequate separation is to be ensured from the power lines to avoid damage to the equipment and humans. • Antenna with proper characteristics to maintain adequate isolation to avoid oscillations. Normally, isolation should be 15 dB more than the gain set for the repeater. It should have good front to back ratio. • The beam width for the DONOR antenna should be as small as possible. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 25/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement • The beam width for SERVER antenna is 60 degree to 120 degree. • There should be adequate vertical & horizontal separation between the DONOR & SERVER antennas to avoid interference and noise. Separation can be determined by the mathematical formulas: Vertical Separation: Isolation (dB) = 28 + 40 log (D/ʎ in m) Horizontal Separation: Isolation (dB) = 22 + 20 log (D/ʎ in m) – (Gain of donor antenna + gain of server antenna) D-Distance between donor & server antennas in m ʎ- wavelength in m The following table is an approximate guide to antenna separation. The use of highly directional antennas with good front to back ratios can help to reduce isolation requirements. VERTICAL ANTENNA SEPARATION HORIZONTAL ANTENNA SEPARATION Separation (m.) Isolation (dB) Separation (m.) Isolation (dB) 5 75.0 5 45.5 10 87.1 10 51.7 20 99.1 50 65.5 30 106.2 100 71.5 40 111.2 150 75.1 50 115.0 250 77.6 Vertical and Horizontal Antenna Separation @ 900 MHz The antenna separation table demonstrates that vertical separation yields better results than horizontal separation. However, when desired isolation cannot be met due to insufficient separation, external shielding can help; for example, mounting the antennas on either side of a rooftop penthouse or using some type of grounded metal screen or wire mesh (so called chicken wire) between antennas. The following example illustrates the various signal levels and antenna gains needed to form a properly functioning repeater system. Received Signal Level -72 dBm Donor Antenna gain 16 dBi Cable loss (100 ft. of 7/8 inch) 2 dB Input to Repeater -62 dBm Gain of Repeater set 95 dB Output of Repeater +33 dBm Cable loss (100 ft. of 7/8 inch) 2 dB Server Antenna Gain 16 dBi Repeater ERP +41 dBm All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 26/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement c) Overlapping Coverage Ideally, the repeater system will be engineered with minimal overlapping coverage between the donor base station and the repeater. However, the mobile users will occasionally receive signals from both the donor and the repeater at similar levels. This situation is comparable to a mobile receiving multiple signals at varying times due to multi-path propagation. The R4 repeater contributes a maximum signal delay of 5.5 microseconds in each direction. d) Call Processing The mobile communication system perceives calls handled by the repeater as actually being handled by the donor site (BTS); the repeater is just an extension of the base station’s coverage. Therefore, the donor handles call initiation, power control messages, hand-over requests, etc., for mobiles in the repeater area. When the base station assigns a channel to the mobile, that channel is sent through the repeater and then reradiated under the same frequency. Since the repeater is technically part of the base station, no hand-over takes place when a mobile moves from the repeater’s coverage area to that of the base station. When the mobile moves from the repeater’s area to a neighboring site, the base station handles the hand-off in the same way as for a mobile in the base station area. 8.3. Installation Tools You will need the following basic tools for installation: a. Standard wrenches/screwdrivers/cable stripper/cable cutter/pliers set for installing the R4 repeater Unit and antennas. (Refer to the manufacturer’s recommendations for installing the antennas). b. RF coaxial cable connection tools for installing connectors. c. Multi-meter. d. Mobile handset loaded (e.g. Nokia) with Net engineering software to be used for signal level measurement. e. Magnetic compass for measuring the azimuth of the BTS and repeater site. f. Magnetic compass for measuring the azimuth of the BTS and repeater site. 8.4. Installation Procedure The R-4 repeater has been designed for outdoor applications. The repeater unit shall be mounted vertically to a mast, which means the RF connectors will be at the bottom side. In case of wall mounting, minimum physical separation between the repeater housing & the wall should be 50 mm. Furthermore, the repeater shall be mounted in a way so that there is free access to the individual units, while the door of the repeater is open. Therefore, enough clearance has to be provided for access. The repeater is mounted at the pre-selected site firmly placed with clamps and other mechanical accessories. Following connections as detailed below are carried out: All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 27/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement • RF cable routed from DONOR antenna is connected at the BTS port as indicated. • RF cable routed to SERVER antenna is connected at TX/RX port for signal distribution. • For energizing the system, the cable from AC mains is connected at AC mains port, range 100-240 V. • USB port is provided for carrying out configuration and monitoring. Important: Grounding of the unit has to be ensured before extending the power to the repeater system. Following points need considerations for laying of RF cable: 1. RF coaxial cable installation must comply with local or National Electrical Codes. The cable shall have nominal 50-Ohm impedance. Pull and route the RF coaxial cables as per the site installation plan. 2. Fix the supplied connectors to the RF coaxial cable and verify the following: • The center conductor to outer shield of RF coaxial cable indicates an “Open Circuit” condition. • Check for any short circuit between center conductor and outer shield. • Place short between the center conductor and outer shield using a piece of wire temporarily and check the other end of conductor for any break in the RF cable. 8.5. Gain Setting The repeater gain setting is a vital parameter since it ultimately decides the area required to be provided with RF coverage. The noise contribution has to be minimum while setting the gain hence it should be set with utmost care. The variation in gain up to 31 dB in steps 1 dB is possible to be achieved with the help of attenuator provided in the system. The gain setting for Uplink and Downlink path is independent of each other. For example, If repeater has a maximum gain of 95 dB and the required repeater gain is 60 dB, the attenuation of 30 dB is required to be incorporated by inserting attenuator of this value. Note: Repeater gain should be at least 15 dB less than the antenna isolation. Signals intercepted by DONOR antenna from BTS and transmitted to the repeater are termed as Downlink/Forward signals and the signals originated by mobile users and intercepted by SERVER antenna for application to repeater are termed as Uplink/Reverse signals. a. Forward Gain Setting The process of setting the forward gain is very simple. Forward signal level strength can be measured using NET engineering software in any NOKIA handset e.g. NOKIA 6210 or any other engineering mobile handset. Alternatively, RF output power of repeater can be measured using the visual indication shown on the display panel of the repeater. Once the RF output power has been determined, the attenuation will have to be modified to reach the desired output signal level. The gain of repeater is set using software control through local USB serial port or optional wireless modem All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 28/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement b. Reverse Gain Setting For reverse gain setting, a 31 dB variable attenuator is provided; the required value can be inserted for the desired gain. The gain is set to such a value so as to cause minimum interference at the base station but high enough to ensure a strong signal. 8.6. Commissioning System Note:-Repeater should not be connected to Power without termination of the antenna connection. The termination can be performed either by the antenna connection as well as a dummy load or the 50 Ω terminated connection of a measuring instrument (Power Meter, Spectrum analyzer with appropriate PAD) After setting the gain, verify the parameters: 1. DL RF power radiated in the set frequency band. 2. Received RF power in the DL. 3. UL RF power radiated in the set frequency band. 4. Received RF power in the UL. 5. Record the value of attenuation introduced for setting the gain. 8.7. Dos & Do Don’t Dos 1. The site should be accessible for the maintenance team. 2. Arrangement is to be made to avoid unauthorized access to the repeater. 3. Proper earthing of the repeater is required to be done to avoid damage to the system. 4. The repeater is designed for outdoor applications, the housing must be waterproof and should be secured & locked. 5. Stable power supply for repeater unit should be ensured. 6. The route of Cables to/from antennas should be short to limit the cable losses and should be free from sharp bends & kinks. 7. Local standard of cabling should be followed. 8. The donor antenna should have proper line of sight with the BTS from where the signals are to be intercepted for maximum signal strength and to reduce the effect of fading. 9. The selection of BTS should be made taking other BTSs in the same vicinity in to consideration to avoid interference. 10. Gain of the repeater should be set after taking antenna isolation in to consideration. 11. The estimation of coverage area should be confirmed. 12. The system should be made over for normal traffic after actual measurement of: a) RF power in the DL b) RF power in the UL c) Antenna Isolation d) Gain settings in DL & UL All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 29/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 13. Feedback regarding performance of the system must be obtained from the user. 8.8. Checklist – Post Installation Before the system is made over for traffic, points as indicated in the checklist may be verified for trouble free performance. Installation & Repeater Set Up Service Band: Frequency Band (DL): 851 to 869 MHz Frequency Band (UL): 806 to 824 MHz A. Repeater Installation S.NO. Point(s) To be Verified Remarks 1. Ensure isolation between server and donor antennas, it has to be 15 dB + Gain set of the repeater. 2. Actual isolation measured 3. Ensure proper grounding of the unit 4. Cable from donor antenna connected to donor antenna port 5. Cable from server antenna connected to the relevant port in the unit 6. Mains cable connected to the repeater unit 7. Cable protection ensured and outdoor connections are waterproof B. Repeater Set Up S.NO. Point(s) To be Verified Remarks 1. Number of sub bands equipped 2. Sub band(s)- Bandwidth set 3. Repeater switched ON 4. Any error (alarms) observed 5. Gain set 6. Power level in DL 7. Attenuation in DL 8. Power level in UL 9. Attenuation in UL 10. Observation on CMC software & GUI 11. Repeater Secured & locked Any Other Remark/Comment: Date Of Installation:------------------------ Repeater ID:------------------------------- Site Address:-------------------------------------------------------------- Name of the Installer:----------------------------------------------------- All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 30/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement 9. System Maintenance 9.1. General The system normally operates without any operator intervention or maintenance. If, in the unlikely event of a unit failure, the field replaceable units (antenna unit, cables) should be checked for faults and the system restored. A failed unit can be removed and replaced with a spare while the rest of the system (other repeaters) is still operating. Soldering or local repair of the modules should be avoided from better maintenance point of view. Faulty module/unit should be replaced with genuine spares only . However, the power supply of the failed repeater should be isolated from AC mains and DC power before any module is replaced. In the event of a system malfunction, the status of the antenna systems should be checked as well as the continuity of the cabling before replacing any modules within the repeater. 9.2. Preventative Maintenance The R4 repeater does not require any preventative maintenance. All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 31/32
Next Generation Signal Enhancement For Technical Support, please contact at any of the following addresses: For Americas Shyam Telecom Inc. 6, KILMER ROAD, SUIT D, EDISON, New Jersy-08817 (USA) Email: info@shyamtelecom.com For Europe Shyam Telecom GmbH. Frohsinnstrasse 16, 63739 Aschaffenburg, Germany Tel: + 49-6021-45901-0 Fax: + 49-6021-45901-29 Email: service@shyamtelecom.com For ASEAN & Others Shyam Telecom Ltd. 246, Phase IV, UDYOG VIHAR, GURGAON – 122015 (INDIA) Tel: +91-124-4311600 FAX: +91-124-4018117 Email: repeater@shyamtelecom.com All Rights Reserved Shyam Telecom Limited Page 32/32

Navigation menu