Siemens RF310R-IQ Inductive Tag Reader User Manual

Siemens AG Inductive Tag Reader

Contents

Users Manual Part 1

simatic sensorsSystem Manual Edition 05/2005RFID-SYSTEMSSIMATIC RF 300
Introduction 1Safety information 2System overview 3RF 300 system planning 4Readers 5Transponder/tags 6Communication modules 7Accessories 8Appendix ASIMATIC RFID systemsRF 300 System Manual Edition 05/2005
Safety Guidelines This manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety, as well as to prevent damage to property. The notices referring to your personal safety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alert symbol, notices referring to property damage only have no safety alert symbol. These notices shown below are graded according to the degree of danger. Danger indicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken. Warning indicates that death or severe personal injury may result if proper precautions are not taken. Caution with a safety alert symbol, indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken. Caution without a safety alert symbol, indicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken. Notice indicates that an unintended result or situation can occur if the corresponding information is not taken into account. If more than one degree of danger is present, the warning notice representing the highest degree of danger will be used. A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating to property damage. Qualified Personnel The device/system may only be set up and used in conjunction with this documentation. Commissioning and operation of a device/system may only be performed by qualified personnel. Within the context of the safety notes in this documentation qualified persons are defined as persons who are authorized to commission, ground and label devices, systems and circuits in accordance with established safety practices and standards. Prescribed Usage Note the following: Warning This device may only be used for the applications described in the catalog or the technical description and only in connection with devices or components from other manufacturers which have been approved or recommended by Siemens. Correct, reliable operation of the product requires proper transport, storage, positioning and assembly as well as careful operation and maintenance. Trademarks All names identified by ® are registered trademarks of the Siemens AG. The remaining trademarks in this publication may be trademarks whose use by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of the owner. Copyright Siemens AG . All rights reserved. The distribution and duplication of this document or the utilization and transmission of its contents are not permitted without express written permission. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights, including rights created by patent grant or registration of a utility model or design, are reserved. Disclaimer of Liability We have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and software described. Since variance cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full consistency. However, the information in this publication is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections are included in subsequent editions. Siemens AG Automation and Drives Postfach 4848, 90327 Nuremberg, Germany Siemens AG 2005 Technical data subject to change Siemens Aktiengesellschaft --
RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- iii Table of contents 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 Navigating in the system manual............................................................................................... 1-2 2 Safety information................................................................................................................................... 2-1 3 System overview..................................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 RFID systems............................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 RF 300 ....................................................................................................................................... 3-2 3.2.1 RF 300 application areas ........................................................................................................... 3-2 3.2.2 RFID components and their function ......................................................................................... 3-3 3.2.3 Technical data............................................................................................................................ 3-4 4 RF 300 system planning ......................................................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning .......................................................................................4-1 4.1.1 Transmission window and read/write distance .......................................................................... 4-2 4.1.2 Width of the transmission window.............................................................................................. 4-3 4.1.3 Impact of secondary fields ......................................................................................................... 4-3 4.1.4 Permissible directions of motion of the transponder.................................................................. 4-4 4.1.5 Operation in static and dynamic mode ...................................................................................... 4-5 4.1.6 Dwell time of the transponder .................................................................................................... 4-6 4.1.7 Communication between communication module, reader and transponder ............................. 4-7 4.1.8 Calculation example................................................................................................................... 4-9 4.2 Field data of transponders and readers................................................................................... 4-12 4.3 Impact of the data volume on the transponder speed with RF 310-R (IQ-Sense) .................. 4-13 4.4 Installation guidelines............................................................................................................... 4-14 4.4.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................. 4-14 4.4.2 Reduction of interference due to metal.................................................................................... 4-15 4.4.3 Effects of metal on different transponders and readers........................................................... 4-18 4.4.4 Impact on the transmission window by metal .......................................................................... 4-19 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders ................................................................................ 4-21 4.6 EMC Guidelines ....................................................................................................................... 4-26 4.6.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................. 4-26 4.6.2 Definition .................................................................................................................................. 4-27 4.6.3 Basic rules................................................................................................................................ 4-28 4.6.4 Propagation of electromagnetic interference ........................................................................... 4-29 4.6.5 Cabinet configuration ............................................................................................................... 4-32 4.6.6 Prevention of interference sources .......................................................................................... 4-35 4.6.7 Equipotential bonding .............................................................................................................. 4-36 4.6.8 Cable shielding......................................................................................................................... 4-37
Table of contents RF 300 iv System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 5 Readers.................................................................................................................................................. 5-1 5.1 RF 310-R.................................................................................................................................... 5-2 5.1.1 Features ..................................................................................................................................... 5-2 5.1.2 Indicators.................................................................................................................................... 5-2 5.1.3 Transmission window................................................................................................................. 5-3 5.1.4 Metal-free area........................................................................................................................... 5-3 5.1.5 Minimum distance between several RF 310-R units ................................................................. 5-4 5.1.6 RF 310-R field data .................................................................................................................... 5-4 5.1.7 Pin assignment of the IQ-Sense interface .................................................................................5-5 5.1.8 Cable and connector pin assignment......................................................................................... 5-5 5.1.9 Technical data of the RF 310-R ................................................................................................. 5-6 5.1.10 FCC information ......................................................................................................................... 5-7 5.1.11 RF 310-R ordering data ............................................................................................................. 5-7 5.1.12 Dimension drawing..................................................................................................................... 5-8 6 Transponder/tags.................................................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 RF 320-T .................................................................................................................................... 6-2 6.1.1 Features ..................................................................................................................................... 6-2 6.1.2 Metal-free area........................................................................................................................... 6-3 6.1.3 Field data.................................................................................................................................... 6-4 6.1.4 Technical data............................................................................................................................ 6-5 6.1.5 Ordering data ............................................................................................................................. 6-6 6.1.6 Dimension drawing..................................................................................................................... 6-6 6.2 RF 340-T .................................................................................................................................... 6-7 6.2.1 Features ..................................................................................................................................... 6-7 6.2.2 Metal-free area........................................................................................................................... 6-8 6.2.3 Field data.................................................................................................................................... 6-9 6.2.4 Technical data.......................................................................................................................... 6-10 6.2.5 Ordering data ........................................................................................................................... 6-11 6.2.6 Dimension drawing................................................................................................................... 6-11 7 Communication modules ........................................................................................................................ 7-1 7.1 8xIQ-Sense ................................................................................................................................ 7-2 7.1.1 Features ..................................................................................................................................... 7-2 7.1.2 Indicators.................................................................................................................................... 7-3 7.1.3 Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 7-4 7.1.4 Addressing ................................................................................................................................. 7-5 7.1.5 Technical data............................................................................................................................ 7-7 7.1.6 Ordering data ............................................................................................................................. 7-7 8 Accessories ............................................................................................................................................ 8-1 8.1 MOBY software .......................................................................................................................... 8-1 A Appendix.................................................................................................................................................A-1 A.1 Certificates and approvals..........................................................................................................A-1 A.2 Service and support ...................................................................................................................A-3 A.3 Contact partners.........................................................................................................................A-3 A.4 Application consulting ................................................................................................................A-4 A.5 Training ......................................................................................................................................A-4 List of abbreviations.................................................................................................................... Glossary-1 Glossary ..................................................................................................................................... Glossary-1 Index
Table of contents RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- v Tables Table 4-1 Reduction of field data by metal (in %): Transponder and RF 310-R...................................... 4-20 Table 4-2 Interference sources: origin and effect .................................................................................... 4-30 Table 4-3 Causes of coupling paths......................................................................................................... 4-31 Table 5-1 RF 310-R indicators ................................................................................................................... 5-2 Table 5-2 RF 310-R pin assignment .......................................................................................................... 5-5 Table 5-3 Technical data of the RF 310-R ................................................................................................. 5-6 Table 6-1 Field data for transponder RF 320-T to reader RF 310-R ......................................................... 6-4 Table 6-2 Field data for transponder RF 320-T to RF 320-T ..................................................................... 6-4 Table 6-3 Technical data of the RF 320-T ................................................................................................. 6-5 Table 6-4 Field data for transponder RF 340-T to reader RF 310-R ......................................................... 6-9 Table 6-5 Transponder RF 340-T to transponder RF 340-T...................................................................... 6-9 Table 6-6 Technical data of the RF 340-T ............................................................................................... 6-10
Table of contents RF 300 vi System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, --
RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 1-1 Introduction 1Purpose of this document This system manual contains all the information needed to plan and configure the system. It is intended both for programming and testing/debugging personnel who commission the system themselves and connect it with other units (automation systems, further programming devices), as well as for service and maintenance personnel who install expansions or carry out fault/error analyses. Scope of validity of this document This documentation is valid for all supplied variations of the SIMATIC RF 300 system and describes the state of delivery as of May 2005. Conventions The following terms/abbreviations are used synonymously in this document: • Reader, read/write device, SLG • Tag, transponder, mobile data memory, MDS • Communication module, interface module, ASM History Previous editions of these operating instructions: Edition Remarks 05/2005 First Edition Declaration of conformity The EC declaration of conformity and the corresponding documentation are made available to authorities in accordance with the EC directives stated above. Your sales representative can provide these on request. Observance of installation guidelines The installation guidelines and safety instructions given in this documentation must be followed during commissioning and operation.
Introduction 1.1 Navigating in the system manual RF 300 1-2 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 1.1 1.1 Navigating in the system manual Structure of contents Contents Contents Organization of the documentation, including the index of pages and chapters Introduction Purpose, layout and description of the important topics. Safety information Refers to all the valid technical safety aspects which have to be adhered to while installing, commissioning and operating the product/system and with reference to statutory regulations. System overview Overview of all RF identification systems, system overview of SIMATIC RF 300 RFID system planning Information about possible applications of SIMATIC RF 300, support for application planning, tools for finding suitable SIMATIC RD 300 components. Readers Description of readers which can be used for SIMATIC RF 300 Transponders Description of transponders which can be used for SIMATIC RF 300 Communication modules Description of communication modules used for SIMATIC RF 300 Accessories Products available in addition to SIMATIC RF 300 Appendix Service and support, contact partners, training centers Error messages Overview of error messages List of abbreviations List of all abbreviations used in the document
RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 2-1 Safety information 2 Caution Please observe the safety instructions on the back cover of this documentation. SIMATIC RFID products comply with the salient safety specifications to IEC, VDE, EN, UL and CSA. If you have questions about the admissibility of the installation in the designated environment, please contact your service representative. Caution Alterations to the devices are not permitted. Failure to observe this requirement shall constitute a revocation of the radio equipment approval, CE approval and manufacturer's warranty. Repairs Repairs may only be carried out by authorized qualified personnel. Warning Unauthorized opening of and improper repairs to the device may result in substantial damage to equipment or risk of personal injury to the user.
Safety information RF 300 2-2 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- System expansion Only install system expansion devices designed for this device. If you install other upgrades, you may damage the system or violate the safety requirements and regulations for radio frequency interference suppression. Contact your technical support team or your sales outlet to find out which system upgrades are suitable for installation. Caution If you cause system defects by installing or exchanging system expansion devices, the warranty becomes void.
RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 3-1 System overview 33.1 3.1 RFID systems RFID systems from Siemens control and optimize material flow. They identify reliably, quickly and economically, are insensitive to contamination and store data directly on the product. Identification system Frequency Max. range Max. memory Data transfer rate (typical) in byte/s Max. temperature Special features RF 300 13.56 MHz 0.25 m 20 byte EEPROM 64 KB FRAM 3750 SLG: -25 °C to +70 °C MDS: -40 °C to +85 °C or + 220 °C cyclic IQ-Sense interface available; Battery-free data memory MOBY F 125 kHz 0.4 m 192 byte EEPROM 100 +130 °C Multitag capability MOBY D 13.56 MHz 0.8 m 112 byte EEPROM 110 + 85 °C or + 200 °C SmartLabels based on ISO 15693 e.g. Tagit/Icode MOBY E 13.56 MHz 0.1 m 752 byte EEPROM 350 + 150 °C Battery-free data memory MOBY I 1.81 MHz 0.15 m 32 KB FRAM 1250 + 85 °C or + 220 °C cyclic Battery-free data memory MOBY U 2.45 GHz 3.0 m 32 KB RAM 4800 + 85 °C or + 220 °C cyclic Frequency hopping
System overview 3.2 RF 300 RF 300 3-2 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 3.2 3.2 RF 300 SIMATIC RF 300 is an inductive identification system specially designed for use in industrial production for the control and optimization of material flow. Thanks to its compact components it is particularly suited to small assembly lines and conveyor systems with restricted space for installation. The rugged components feature an attractive price/performance ratio. 3.2.1 RF 300 application areas SIMATIC RF 300 is used primarily for contactless identification of containers, pallets and workpiece carriers in a closed production loop, i.e. the data carriers (transponders) remain in the production chain and are not shipped out with the products. Thanks to the compact enclosure dimensions of both the transponders and readers, SIMATIC RF 300 is particularly suitable for (small) assembly lines where space is at a premium. The main application areas of SIMATIC RF 300 are: • Assembly and handling systems, assembly lines (identification of workpiece carriers) • Production logistics (material flow control, identification of containers and other vessels) • Parts identification (e.g. transponder is attached to product/pallet). • Conveyor systems
System overview 3.2 RF 300 RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 3-3 3.2.2 RFID components and their function RF 300 system components 6HULDODV\QFKURQRXVLQWHUIDFH56565)7 5)73RZHUDQGGDWDWUDQVPLVVLRQ0+]5)5,46HQVHLQWHUIDFH+DQGWHUPLQDO[,46HQVHIRU(70RQ6ZLWK)&3&LQWHUIDFHWKLUGSDUW\3/&$60IRU6,0$7,&6$60IRU352),%86'395)7 5)7 5)7 5)75)5 5)5 5)5 5)5 Communication modules A communication module (interface module) is used to integrate the RF identification system in PLC/automation systems. In the case of SIMATIC RF 300, the reader is connected to an S7 automation system either via the 8xIQ-Sense module or an equivalent MOBY interface module (e.g. ASM 475). Readers The reader ensures inductive communication, supplies power to the transponders, and handles the connection to the various PLCs (e.g. SIMATIC S7). Transponders Transponders (mobile data memories) are used, for example, in place of barcodes and can contain all product-specific data in addition to the product number.
System overview 3.2 RF 300 RF 300 3-4 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 3.2.3 Technical data RFID system RF 300 Type Inductive identification system for industrial applications Transmission frequency data/energy 13.56 MHz Memory capacity 20 bytes up to 64 KB user memory (r/w) 4 bytes fixed code as serial number (ro) Memory type EEPROM / FRAM Write cycles EEPROM: > 100 000 FRAM: Unlimited Read cycles Unlimited Data management Byte-oriented access Data transfer rate Transponder-Reader 3 KB/s Read/write distance (system limit; depends on reader and transponder) Up to 250 mm Operating temperature Reader: -25°C to +70°C Transponder: -40°C to +85°C and up to +220°C cyclic Degree of protection Reader: IP 65 Transponder: > IP 67 Can be connected to SIMATIC S7-300, Profibus DP V1, PC, third-party PLC Special features High noise immunity Compact components Extensive diagnostic options A reader with IQ-Sense interface Approvals ETS 300 330 (Europe) FCC Part 15 (USA), UL/CSA CE
RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-1 RF 300 system planning 44.1 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning Assess your application according to the following criteria, in order to choose the right SIMATIC RF 300 components: • Transmission distance (read/write distance) • Tracking tolerances • Static or dynamic data transfer • Data volume to be transferred • Speed in case of dynamic transfer • Metal-free rooms for transponders and readers • Ambient conditions such as relative humidity, temperature, chemical impacts, etc.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning RF 300 4-2 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4.1.1 Transmission window and read/write distance The reader generates an inductive alternating field. The field is strongest near to the reader. The strength of the field decreases in proportion to the distance from the reader. The distribution of the field depends on the structure and geometry of the antennas in the reader and transponder. A prerequisite for the function of the transponder is a minimum field strength at the transponder achieved at a distance Sg from the reader. The picture below shows the transmission window between transponder and reader: 6,(0(166,0$7,&5)77UDQVSRQGHU633ODQYLHZ7UDQVPLVVLRQZLQGRZ5)[[56J6/'6LGHYLHZ7UDQVSRQGHU/6DPD[ /6DPLQ 5)7 Sa Operating distance between transponder and reader Sg Limit distance (maximum clear distance between upper surface of the reader and the transponder, at which the transmission can still function under normal conditions) L Length of a transmission window The length Ld is valid for the calculation. At Sa,min, the field length increases from Ld to Lmax. SP Intersection of the axes of symmetry of the transponder The active field for the transponder consists of a circle (cf. plan view). The transponder can be used as soon as the intersection (SP) of the transponder enters the circle of the transmission window.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-3 From the diagram above, it can also be seen that operation is possible within the area between Sa and Sg. The active operating area reduces as the distance increases, and shrinks to a single point at distance Sg. Only static mode should thus be used in the area between Sa and Sg. 4.1.2 Width of the transmission window Determining the width of the transmission window The following approximation formula can be used for practical applications: 0, 4BL=⋅ Figure 4-1 Formula: Width of the transmission window B: Width of the transmission window L: Length of the transmission window Tracking tolerances The width of the transmission window (B) is particularly important for the mechanical tracking tolerance. The formula for the dwell time is valid without restriction when B is observed. 4.1.3 Impact of secondary fields Secondary fields in the range from 0 to 20 mm always exist. They should only be applied during planning in exceptional cases, however, since the read/write distances are very limited. Exact details of the secondary field geometry cannot be given, since these values depend heavily on the operating distance and the application.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning RF 300 4-4 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4.1.4 Permissible directions of motion of the transponder Active area and direction of motion of the transponder The transponder and reader have no polarization axis, i.e. the transponder can come in from any direction, be placed at any position, and cross the transmission window. The figure below shows the active area for various directions of transponder motion: RU/%RU%%// Figure 4-2 Active areas of the transponder for different directions of transponder motion
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-5 4.1.5 Operation in static and dynamic mode Operation in static mode If working in static mode, the transponder can be operated up to the limit distance (Sg). The transponder must then be positioned exactly over the reader: 7UDQVPLVVLRQZLQGRZ7UDQVSRQGHU6J5HDGHUV Figure 4-3 Operation in static mode Operation in dynamic mode When working in dynamic mode, the transponder moves past the reader. The transponder can be used as soon as the intersection (SP) of the transponder enters the circle of the transmission window. 637UDQVPLVVLRQZLQGRZ7UDQVSRQGHU7UDQVSRQGHU3ODQYLHZ63 Figure 4-4 Operation in dynamic mode
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning RF 300 4-6 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4.1.6 Dwell time of the transponder The dwell time is the time in which the transponder dwells within the transmission window of a reader. The reader can exchange data with the transponder during this time. The dwell time is calculated thus: 0,8[ ][/]TPDRKLmtvms⋅= tV: Dwell time of the transponder L: Length of the transmission window vTPDR: Speed of the transponder (TPDR) in dynamic mode 0,8: Constant factor used to compensate for temperature impacts and production tolerances The dwell time can be of any duration in static mode. The dwell time must be sufficiently long to allow communication with the transponder. The dwell time is defined by the system environment in dynamic mode. The volume of data to be transferred must be matched to the dwell time or vice versa. In general: Kvtt≥ tV:: Dwell time of the data memory within the field of the reader tK: Communication time between transponder and communication module
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-7 4.1.7 Communication between communication module, reader and transponder Communication with RF 310-R Communication between the communication module (IQ Sense), RF 310-R reader and transponders takes place in fixed telegram cycles. 3 cycles of approximately 3 ms are always needed for the transfer of a read or write command. 1 or 2 bytes of user data can be transferred with each of these commands. The acknowledgement transfer (status or read data) takes place in 3 further cycles. Approximately 18 ms are thus needed for a complete command acknowledgement sequence with up to 2 bytes of user data. The transponder must be present within the field of the reader. Calculation of the communication time for interference-free transfer KWorttKtn=+ ⋅ Calculation of the maximum amount of user data maxWortvtKnt−= tK Communication time between communication module, RF 310-R (IQ-Sense) reader and transponder tV Dwell time n Amount of user data in words (2 bytes) nmax Max. amount of user data in words (2 bytes) in dynamic mode tWord Transfer time for 1 word (2 bytes) K Constant (internal system time) This contains the time for power buildup on the transponder and for command transfer Note If only 1 byte of user data is transferred, you still need to allow the time for 1 word.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning RF 300 4-8 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- Time constants K and tWord K (ms) tWord (ms) Command 9 18 Read 9 27 Write (EEPROM area) 9 18 Write (FRAM area) The table of time constants applies to every command. If a user command consists of several subcommands, the above tK formula must be applied to each subcommand.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-9 4.1.8 Calculation example A transport system moves pallets with transponders at a maximum velocity of VTPDR = 0.14 m/s. The following RFID components were chosen: • 8xIQ-Sense module • RF 310-R reader • RF 340-T transponder Task specification a) The designer of the plant is to be given mechanical specifications. b) The programmer should be given the maximum number of words in dynamic mode. Refer to the tables in the "Field data of transponders and readers" section for the technical data.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning RF 300 4-10 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- Determine tolerance of pallet transport height 'LUHFWLRQRIPRWLRQ7UDQVSRQGHUVLGHYLHZ++6D+PP5HDGHUV Figure 4-5 Tolerance of pallet transport height Determine tolerance of pallet side transport &HQWHUOLQHRIWUDQVSRQGHUDQGUHDGHU'LUHFWLRQRIPRWLRQRIWKHWUDQVSRQGHU% ZLGWKRIWKHWUDQVPLVVLRQZLQGRZLQG\QDPLFPRGH%7ROHUDQFHEDQGRIVLGHWUDQVSRUW7UDQVSRQGHU5HDGHUV Figure 4-6 Tolerance of pallet side transport Minimum distance from reader to reader Refer to the field data of the reader for this value. Minimum distance from transponder to transponder Refer to the field data of the transponder for this value.
RF 300 system planning 4.1 Fundamentals of application planning RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-11 Calculation of the maximum amount of user data in dynamic mode Step Formula/calculation 1. Calculate dwell time of the transponder Refer to the "Field data of all transponders and readers" table for value L. Value VTPDR = 0.14m/s 0,8 0, 04 0,8 0, 228 2280,14 /TPDRvLmtsmsvms⋅⋅== = = 2. Calculate maximum user data (nmax) for reading Take value tv from Step 1. Take values K and t Word from Table "Time constants K and t Word". 5HDGmax228 9 12,17 1218Wortvt K ms ms n Wordstms−−==⇒= 3. Calculate maximum user data (nmax) for writing (FRAM area) Take value tv from Step 1. Take values K and t Word from Table "Time constants K and t Word". 6FKUHLEHQmax228 9 12,17 1218Wortvt K ms ms nWortetms−−==⇒= Result A maximum of 12 words can be read or written when passing the transponder.
RF 300 system planning 4.2 Field data of transponders and readers RF 300 4-12 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4.2 4.2 Field data of transponders and readers The following table shows the field data for all SIMATIC RF 300 components of transponders and readers. It facilitates the correct selection of a transponder and reader. All the technical data listed are typical data and are applicable for an ambient temperature of between 0 C and +50 °C, a supply voltage of between 22 V and 27 V DC and a metal-free environment. Tolerances of ±20 % are admissible due to production or temperature conditions. If the entire voltage range at the reader of 20 V DC to 30 V DC and/or the entire temperature range of transponders and readers is used, the field data are subject to further tolerances. Field data of all transponders and readers without interference from metal RF 310-R reader RF 320-T transponder RF 340-T transponder Length of the transmission window in mm (L) 30 mm 40 mm Width of the transmission window in mm (W) 12 mm 16 mm Working distance in mm (Sa) 0-12 mm 0-20 mm Limit distance in mm (Sg) 18 mm 30 mm • A maximum mean deviation of ±2 mm is possible in static mode (without affecting the field data) • This is reduced by approx. 15 % if the transponder enters the transmission window laterally (see also "Transmission window" figure) Minimum distance from transponder to transponder Readers RF 320-T transponder RF 340-T transponder RF 310-R > 100 mm 400 mm Minimum distance from reader to reader The minimum distance from RF 310-R to RF 310-R must be at least 400 mm. Notice Adherence to the values specified in the "Minimum distance from reader to reader" table is essential. The inductive fields may be affected if the distance is smaller. In this case, the data transfer time would increase unpredictably or a command would be aborted with an error.
RF 300 system planning 4.3 Impact of the data volume on the transponder speed with RF 310-R (IQ-Sense) RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-13 4.3 4.3 Impact of the data volume on the transponder speed with RF 310-R (IQ-Sense) The curves shown here show the relationship between the speed of the RF 320 and RF 340 transponders and the volume of data transferred. 5HDGWUDQVSRQGHU:ULWHWUDQVSRQGHU1RRIE\WHVQ90'6LQ Figure 4-7 Relationship between speed and data volume when using the RF 310-R (IQ-Sense)
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines RF 300 4-14 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4.4 4.4 Installation guidelines 4.4.1 Overview The transponder and reader are inductive devices. Any type of metal, in particular iron and ferromagnetic materials, in the vicinity of these devices will affect their operation. Some points need to be considered during planning and installation if the values described in the "Field data" section are to retain their validity: • Minimum distance between two readers • Minimum distance between two adjacent data memories • Metal-free area for flush-mounting of readers and transponders in metal • Mounting of several readers on metal frames or racks The following sections describe the impact on the operation of the identification system when mounted in the vicinity of metal.
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-15 4.4.2 Reduction of interference due to metal Interference due to metal rack Problem 6KHHW0HWDOUDFN6D1RQPHWDOOLFVSDFHU0HWDO7UDQVSRQGHU5HDGHUV A metal rack is located above the transmission window of the reader. This affects the entire field. In particular, the transmission window between reader and transponder is reduced. Remedy: 7UDQVSRQGHU5HD The transmission window is no longer affected if the transponder is mounted differently.
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines RF 300 4-16 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- Flush-mounting Flush-mounting of transponders and readers Problem 1RQPHWDOOLFVSDFHU 6KHHW0HWDO0HWDO5HDGHUV Flush-mounting of transponders and readers is possible in principle. However, the size of the transmission window is significantly reduced. The following measures can be used to counteract the reduction of the window: Remedy: PP [!PP5HD Enlargement of the non-metallic spacer below the transponder and/or reader. The transponder and/or reader are 10 to 20 mm higher than the metal surround. (The value x ≥ 100 mm is valid e.g. for RF 310-R. It indicates that the reader is no longer affected significantly by the metal at a distance of x ≥ 100 mm.) Remedy: DDEE5HD Increase the non-metallic distance a, b. The following rule of thumb can be used: • Increase a, b by a factor of 2 to 3 over the values specified for metal-free areas • Increasing a, b has a greater effect for readers or transponders with a large limit distance than for readers or transponders with a small limit distance.
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-17 Mounting of several readers on metal frames or racks Any reader mounted on metal couples part of the field to the metal frame. There is normally no interaction as long as the minimum distance D and metal-free areas a, b are maintained. However, interaction may take place if an iron frame is positioned unfavorably. Longer data transfer times or sporadic error messages at the communication module are the result. Mounting of several readers on metal racks Problem: Interaction between readers Remedy '5HDGHU:ULWHU5HDGHU:ULWHU Increase the distance D between the two readers. Remedy 5HDGHU:ULWHU5HDGHU:ULWHU Introduce one or more iron struts in order to short-circuit the stray fields. Remedy 1RQPHWDOOLFVSDFHUUHDGHUZULWHUUHDGHUZULWHU Insert a non-metallic spacer of 20 to 40 millimeter thickness between the reader and the iron frame. This will significantly reduce the induction of stray fields on the rack:
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines RF 300 4-18 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4.4.3 Effects of metal on different transponders and readers Mounting different transponders on metal or flush-mounting Not all transponders can be mounted directly on metal. For more information, please refer to the descriptions of the individual transponders in the relevant sections. The following section illustrates various possibilities for mounting, allowing for the effect of metal on the particular transponder. Transponders which can be mounted directly on metal Any transponder whose operation is not affected by direct contact with metal can be mounted directly on metal. 0HWDO Mounting of a transponder directly on metal DE0HWDO Flush-mounting of a transponder in metal (a, b = required distance from metal)
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-19 Transponders which cannot be mounted directly on metal Any transponder whose operation is interrupted by direct contact with metal cannot be mounted directly on metal. The applicable minimum distance to metal must be maintained for the relevant transponder. 1RQPHWDO0HWDOK!PP'DWDPHPRU\ Mounting of a transponder on metal with a non-metallic spacer D!PPK!PP'DWDPHPRU\ 0HWDO1RQPHWDO If the minimum guide values (a, h) are not observed, a significant reduction of the field data results. It is possible to mount the transponder with metal screws (M4 countersunk head screws). This has no tangible impact on the range. 4.4.4 Impact on the transmission window by metal In general, the following points should be considered when mounting RFID components: • Direct mounting on metal is allowed only in the case of specially approved transponders. • Flush-mounting of the components in metal reduces the field data; a test is recommended in critical applications. • When working inside the transmission window, it should be ensured that no metal rail (or similar part) intersects the transmission field. The metal rail would affect the field data.
RF 300 system planning 4.4 Installation guidelines RF 300 4-20 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- The impact of metal on the field data (Sg, Sa, L, B) is shown in tabular and graphical format in this section. The values in the table describe the reduction of the field data in % with reference to non-metal (100 % means no impact). Reduction of field data: Transponder and Reader RF 310-R Table 4-1 Reduction of field data by metal (in %): Transponder and RF 310-R Transponder Reader RF 310-R without metal on metal flush-mounted in metal (20 mm surround) RF 320-T Transponder without metal 100 95 80 Transponder on metal, distance 20 mm 100 80 70 Flush-mounted in metal 80 70 60 RF 340-T Transponder without metal 100 95 80 Transponder on metal, distance 20 mm 100 95 80 Flush-mounted in metal distance 20 mm/ 20 mm surround 90 85 70
RF 300 system planning 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-21 4.5 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders The following table provides an overview of the chemical resistance of the data memories made of glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin (E624). The plastic housing has a notably high resistance to chemicals used in automobiles (e.g.: oil, grease, diesel fuel, gasoline, etc,); these are not specified separately. RF 320-T transponder Transponder RF 320-T is resistant to the substances specified in the following table. Concentration 20°C 40°C 60°C Allylchloride J Formic acid 50 % J 100 % F Ammonia gas J Ammonia liquid, water-free j Ammonium hydroxide 10 % J Ethyl acrylate J Ethyl glycol J Gasoline, aroma-free J Gasoline, containing benzol J Benzoate (Na–, Ca.a.) J Benzoic acid J Benzol J Benzenesulphonic acid J Benzyl chloride j Borax J Boric acid J Bromine, liquid j Bromine, gas, dry j Bromide (K–, Na.a.) J Bromoform 100 % J Bromine water j Butadiene (1,3–) J Butane gas J Butanol j Butyric acid 100 % F Carbonate (ammonium, Na.a.) J Chlorine, liquid j Chlorine, gas, dry 100 % j
RF 300 system planning 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders RF 300 4-22 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- Concentration 20°C 40°C 60°C Chlorobenzene J Chloride (ammonium, Na.a.) J Chloroform j Chlorophyl J Chlorosulphonic acid 100 % j Chlorine water (saturated solution) F Chromate (K–, Na.a.) Up to 50 % J Chromic acid Up to 30 % j Chromosulphuric acid j Citric acid J Cyanamide J Cyanide (K–, Na.a.) J Dextrin (aqueous solution) J Diethyl ether J Diethylene glycol J Dimethyl ether J Dioxane j Developer J Acetic acid 100 % F Ethanol J J Fixer J Fluoride (ammonium, K–, Na.a.) J Hydrofluoric acid Up to 40 % J Formaldehyde 50 % J Formamide 100 % J Glucon acid J Glycerine J Glycol J Urine J Uric acid J Hydroxide (ammonium) 10 % J Hydroxide (Na–, K–) 40 % J Hydroxide (alkaline earth metal) J Hypochlorite (K–, Na.a.) J Iodide (K–, Na.a.) J Silicic acid J Cresol Up to 90 % j Methanol 100 % J Methylene chloride j Lactic acid 100 % F
RF 300 system planning 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-23 Concentration 20°C 40°C 60°C Mineral oils J Nitrate (ammonium, K.a.) J Nitroglycerine j Oxalic acid J Phenol 1 % J Phosphate (ammonium, Na.a.) J Phosphoric acid 50 % J 85 % J Propanol J Nitric acid 25 % j Hydrochloric acid 10 % j Brine j Sulphur dioxide 100 % F Carbon disulfide 100 % j Sulphuric acid 40 % j Sulphurous acid F Soap solution J Sulfate (ammonium, Na.a.) J Sulfite (ammonium, Na.a.) j Tar, aroma-free J Turpentine J Trichloroethylene j Hydrogen peroxide 30 % J Tartaric acid J
RF 300 system planning 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders RF 300 4-24 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- RF 340-T transponder The following table gives an overview of the chemical composition of the data memories made from polyamide 12. The plastic housing has a notably high resistance to chemicals used in automobiles (e.g.: oil, grease, diesel fuel, gasoline, etc,); these are not specified separately. Concentration 20°C 60 °C Battery acid 30 F j Ammonia gas J J Ammonia, w. conc. J J 10 J J Benzol J Y Bleach solution (12.5% effective chlorine) F j Butane, gas, liquid J J Butyl acetate (acetic acid butyl ester) J J n(n) J Y Calcium chloride, w. J Y Calcium nitrate, w. c.s. J Y Chlorine j j Chrome baths, tech. j j Iron salts, w. c.s. J J Acetic acid, w. 50 j j Ethyl alcohol, w. undenaturated 96 J Y 50 J J Formaldehyde, w. 30 Y j 10 J Y Formalin Y j Glycerine J J Isopropanol J Y Potassium hydroxide, w. 50 J J Lysol F j Magnesium salts, w. c.s. J J Methyl alcohol, w. 50 J J Lactic acid, w. 50 F j 10 Y F Sodium carbonate, w. (soda) c.s. J J Sodium chloride, w. c.s. J J Sodium hydroxide J J Nickel salts, w. c.s. J J Nitrobenzol Y F Phosphoric acid 10 f V Propane J J Mercury J J Nitric acid 10 f j
RF 300 system planning 4.5 Chemical resistance of the transponders RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-25 Concentration 20°C 60 °C Hydrochloric acid 10 f j Sulphur dioxide Low J J Sulphuric acid 25 F j 10 Y j Hydrogen sulphide Low J J Carbon tetrachloride J J Toluene J Y Detergent High J J Plasticizer J J Abbreviations J Resistant Y Virtually resistant F Partially resistant f Less resistant j Not resistant w. Aqueous solution c.s. Cold saturated
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines RF 300 4-26 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4.6 4.6 EMC Guidelines 4.6.1 Overview These EMC Guidelines answer the following questions: • Why are EMC guidelines necessary? • What types of external interference have an impact on the control system? • How can interference be prevented? • How can interference be eliminated? • Which standards relate to EMC? • Examples of interference-free plant design The description is intended for "qualified personnel": • Project engineers and planners who plan system configurations with RFID modules and have to observe the necessary guidelines. • Fitters and service engineers who install the connecting cables in accordance with this description or who can rectify defects in this area in the event of interference. Warning Failure to observe notices drawn to the reader's attention can result in dangerous conditions in the plant or the destruction of individual components or the entire plant.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-27 4.6.2 Definition The increasing use of electrical and electronic devices is accompanied by: • Increasing density of components • Increasing power electronics • Increasing switching rates • Lower power consumption of components The higher the degree of automation, the greater the risk of interaction between devices. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the ability of an electrical or electronic device to operate satisfactorily in an electromagnetic environment without affecting or interfering with the environment over and above certain limits. EMC can be broken down into three different areas: • Intrinsic immunity to interference: immunity to internal electrical disturbance • Immunity to ambient interference: immunity to external electromagnetic disturbance • Degree of interference emission: emission of interference and its effect on the electrical environment All three areas are considered when testing an electrical device. The RFID modules are tested for conformity with the limit values required by the CE and BAPT guidelines. Since the RFID modules are merely components of an overall system, and sources of interference can arise as a result of combining different components, certain guidelines have to be followed when setting up a plant. EMC measures usually consist of a complete package of measures, all of which need to be implemented in order to ensure that the plant is immune to interference. Note The plant manufacturer is responsible for the observance of the EMC guidelines; the plant operator is responsible for radio interference suppression in the overall plant. All measures taken when setting up the plant prevent expensive retrospective modifications and interference suppression measures. The salient national specifications and regulations must be observed. They are not covered in this document.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines RF 300 4-28 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4.6.3 Basic rules It is often sufficient to follow a few elementary rules in order to ensure electromagnetic compatiblity (EMC). The following rules must be observed when erecting a control cabinet: Shielding by enclosure • Protect the programmable logic controller against external interference by installing it in a housing or enclosure. The housing or enclosure must be connected to the chassis ground. • Use metal plates to shield the programmable logic controller against electromagnetic fields. • Use metal connector housings to shield data conductors. Laminar ground connection • Bond all passive metal parts to chassis ground, ensuring large-area and low-HF-impedance contact. • Establish a large-area connection between the passive metal parts and the central grounding point. • Don't forget to include the shielding bus in the chassis ground system. That means the actual shielding busbars must be connected to ground by large-area contact. • Aluminium parts are not suitable for ground connections. Plan the cable installation • Break the cabling down into cable groups and install these separately. • Always route high-voltage and signal cables through separated ducts or in separate bundles. • Feed the cabling into the cabinet from one side only and, if possible, on one level only. • Route the signal cables as close as possible to chassis surfaces. • Twist the feed and return conductors of separately installed cables. Shielding for the cables • Shield the data cables and connect the shield at both ends. • Shield the analog cables and connect the shield at one end, e.g. on the drive unit. • Always apply large-area connections between the cable shields and the shielding bus at the cabinet inlet and make the contact with clamps. • Feed the connected shield through to the module without interruption. • Use braided shields, not foil shields.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-29 Line and signal filter • Use only line filters with metal housings • Connect the filter housing to the cabinet chassis using a large-area low-HF-impedance connection. • Never fix the filter housing to a painted surface. • Fix the filter at the control cabinet inlet or in the direction of the source. 4.6.4 Propagation of electromagnetic interference Three components have to be present for interference to occur in a system: • Interference source • Coupling path • Interference sink HJFRQQHFWLQJFDEOH,QWHUIHUHQFHVRXUFHGHYLFHHPLWWLQJLQWHUIHUHQFH&RXSOLQJSDWKHJGULYHXQLW HJUHDGHU,QWHUIHUHQFHVLQNGHYLFHDIIHFWHGE\LQWHUIHUHQFH Figure 4-8 Propagation of interference If one of the components is missing, e.g. the coupling path between the interference source and the interference sink, the interference sink is unaffected, even if the interference source is transmitting a high level of noise. The EMC measures are applied to all three components, in order to prevent malfunctions due to interference. When setting up a plant, the manufacturer must take all possible measures in order to prevent the occurrence of interference sources: • Only devices fulfilling limit class A of VDE 0871 may be used in a plant. • Interference suppression measures must be introduced on all interference-emitting devices. This includes all coils and windings. • The design of the cabinet must be such that mutual interference between individual components is precluded or kept as small as possible. • Measures must be taken to eliminate the impact of external interference. Information and tips for plant design are given in the following sections.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines RF 300 4-30 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- Interference sources In order to achieve a high level of electromagnetic compatibility and thus a very low level of disturbance in a plant, it is necessary to recognize the most frequent interference sources. These must then be eliminated by appropriate measures. Table 4-2 Interference sources: origin and effect Interference source Interference results from Effect on the interference sink Contacts System disturbances Contactors, electronic valves Coils Magnetic field Collector Electrical field Electrical motor Winding Magnetic field Contacts Electrical field Electric welding device Transformer Magnetic field, system disturbance, transient currents Power supply unit, switched-mode Circuit Electrical and magnetic field, system disturbance High-frequency appliances Circuit Electromagnetic field Transmitter (e.g. service radio) Antenna Electromagnetic field Ground or reference potential difference Voltage difference Transient currents Operator Static charge Electrical discharge currents, electrical field Power cable Current flow Electrical and magnetic field, system disturbance High-voltage cable Voltage difference Electrical field
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-31 Coupling paths A coupling path has to be present before the disturbance emitted by the interference source can affect the system. There are four ways in which interference can be coupled in: ,17(5)(5(1&(6,1.,17(5)(5(1&(6285&(*DOYDQLFFRXSOLQJSDWK&DSDFLWLYHFRXSOLQJSDWK,QGXFWLYHFRXSOLQJSDWK5DGLDWLRQFRXSOLQJ5),'$60RUUHDGHUZULWHU5),'$60RUUHDGHUZULWHU5),'$60RUUHDGHUZULWHU5),'$60RUUHDGHUZULWHU Figure 4-9 Ways in which interference can be coupled in When RFID modules are used, different components in the overall system can act as a coupling path: Table 4-3 Causes of coupling paths Coupling path Invoked by Incorrect or inappropriate installation Missing or incorrectly connected shield Conductors and cables Inappropriate physical arrangement of cables Missing or incorrectly wired equalizing conductor Missing or incorrect earthing Inappropriate physical arrangement Components not mounted securely Control cabinet or SIMATIC enclosure Unfavorable cabinet configuration
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines RF 300 4-32 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4.6.5 Cabinet configuration The influence of the user in the configuration of an electromagnetically compatible plant encompasses cabinet configuration, cable installation, ground connections and correct shielding of cables. Note For information about electromagnetically compatible cabinet configuration, please consult the installation guidelines for SIMATIC PLCs. Shielding by enclosure Magnetic and electrical fields and electromagnetic waves can be kept away from the interference sink by using a metal enclosure. The easier the induced interference current can flow, the greater the intrinsic weakening of the interference field. All enclosures and metal panels in the cabinet should therefore be connected in a manner allowing good conductance. Figure 4-10 Shielding by enclosure If the control cabinet panels are insulated from each other, a high-frequency-conducting connection can be established using ribbon cables and high-frequency terminals or HF conducting paste. The larger the area of the connection, the greater the high-frequency conductivity. This is not possible using single-wire connections.
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines RF 300 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- 4-33 Prevention of interference by optimum configuration Good interference suppression can be achieved by installing SIMATIC PLCs on conducting mounting plates (unpainted). When setting up the control cabinet, interference can be prevented easily by observing certain guidelines. Power components (transformers, drive units, load power supply units) should be arranged separately from the control components (relay control unit, SIMATIC S7). As a rule: 1. The effect of the interference decreases as the distance between the interference source and interference sink increases. 2. The interference can be further decreased by installing grounded shielding plates. 3. The load connections and power cables should be installed separately from the signal cables with a minimum clearance of 10 cm. 36&&(8'ULYH6KLHOGSODWH Figure 4-11 Prevention of interference by optimum configuration
RF 300 system planning 4.6 EMC Guidelines RF 300 4-34 System Manual, 05/2005, (4)J31069 D0166-U001-A1-7618, -- Filtering of the supply voltage External interference from the mains can be prevented by installing line filters. Correct installation is extremely important, in addition to appropriate dimensioning. It is essential that the line filter is mounted directly at the cabinet inlet. As a result, interference is filtered promptly at the inlet, and is not conducted through the cabinet. /LQHILOWHU,F&RUUHFW/LQHILOWHU,QFRUUHFW,F LQWHUIHUHQFHFXUUHQW,F Figure 4-12 Filtering of the supply voltage

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