Sierra Wireless EM8781 850/900/1800/1900/2100 MHz Multi-band Module User Manual

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Document ID	782813
Application ID	tVCG+sDsD+Naigvlsb3cWw==
Document Description	User Manual
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Permanent Confidential	No
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Document Type	User Manual
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Filesize	42.28kB (528516 bits)
Date Submitted	2007-04-19 00:00:00
Date Available	2007-06-03 00:00:00
Creation Date	2007-04-09 10:08:39
Producing Software	Acrobat Distiller 7.0.5 (Windows)
Document Lastmod	2007-04-11 11:09:00
Document Title	EM5725/EM8780/EM8781 Hardware Integration Guide (FCC)
Document Creator	FrameMaker 7.1
Document Author:	John

GSM Embedded Modules
Hardware Integration Guide
Proprietary and Confidential
EM8780/
EM8781
2130851
Rev 1.0
Preface
Limitation of
Liability
The information in this manual is subject to change without
notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of
Sierra Wireless. SIERRA WIRELESS AND ITS AFFILIATES
SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL
DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, GENERAL, INCIDENTAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, LOSS OF PROFITS OR
REVENUE OR ANTICIPATED PROFITS OR REVENUE
ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE ANY
SIERRA WIRELESS PRODUCT, EVEN IF SIERRA WIRELESS
AND/OR ITS AFFILIATES HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES OR THEY ARE
FORESEEABLE OR FOR CLAIMS BY ANY THIRD PARTY.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall Sierra
Wireless and/or its affiliates aggregate liability arising under or
in connection with the Sierra Wireless product, regardless of
the number of events, occurrences, or claims giving rise to
liability, be in excess of the price paid by the purchaser for the
Sierra Wireless product.
Patents
Portions of this product may be covered by some or all of the
following US patents:
5,515,013
5,629,960
5,845,216
5,847,553
5,878,234
5,890,057
5,929,815
6,169,884
6,191,741
6,199,168
6,339,405
6,359,591
6,400,336
6,516,204
6,561,851
6,643,501
6,653,979
6,697,030
6,785,830
6,845,249
6,847,830
6,876,697
6,879,585
6,886,049
6,968,171
6,985,757
7,023,878
7,053,843
7,106,569
D442,170
D459,303
and other patents pending.
This product includes
technology licensed from:
Licensed by QUALCOMM Incorporated under one or more of
the following United States patents and/or their counterparts
in other nations:
4,901,307
5,056,109
5,101,501
5,109,390
5,228,054
5,267,261
5,267,262
5,337,338
5,414,796
5,416,797
5,490,165
5,504,773
5,506,865
5,511,073
5,535,239
5,544,196
5,568,483
5,600,754
5,657,420
5,659,569
5,710,784
5,778,338
Manufactured or sold by Sierra Wireless or its licensees under
one or more patents licensed from InterDigital Group.
Copyright
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
©2007 Sierra Wireless. All rights reserved.
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
Trademarks
AirCard and “Heart of the Wireless Machine” are registered
trademarks of Sierra Wireless.
Sierra Wireless, the Sierra Wireless logo, the red wave design,
and Watcher are trademarks of Sierra Wireless.
Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
QUALCOMM® is a registered trademark of QUALCOMM
Incorporated. Used under license.
Other trademarks are the property of the respective owners.
Contact
Information
Sales Desk:
Phone: 1-604-232-1488
Hours: 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM Pacific Time
E-mail: sales@sierrawireless.com
Post: Sierra Wireless
13811 Wireless Way
Richmond, BC
Canada
V6V 3A4
Fax: 1-604-231-1109
Web: www.sierrawireless.com
Consult our website for up‐to‐date product descriptions,
documentation, application notes, firmware upgrades, trouble‐
shooting tips, and press releases:
www.sierrawireless.com
2130851
Table of Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
The Lab Adapter Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Required connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Guide organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Related documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Power Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Overview of operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Power signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Module power states . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Off state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Normal state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Low power mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Usage models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12
12
12
12
13
RF Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
RF connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Ground connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Shielding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Antenna and cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Interference and sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power supply noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interference from other wireless devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Device-generated RF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
18
18
19
Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Important notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
Safety and hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Important compliance information for North American users . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Acronyms and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
2130851
1
1: Introduction
Sierra Wireless’ embedded modules form the radio component
for the products in which they are embedded. The embedded
modules are available for use on GSM networks, and include
these products:
Note: Throughout this
document, EM878x refer to the
entire suite of GSM embedded
modules.
• EM8780 and EM8781—operate on GSM networks using the
GSM / GPRS / EDGE / UMTS / HSDPA network standards
Purpose of this guide
This guide addresses issues that affect the integration of Sierra
Wireless modules into host products, and includes design
recommendations for the host products.
Note: An understanding of network technology and experience in
integrating hardware components into electronic equipment is
assumed.
The Lab Adapter Board
Sierra Wireless manufactures a Lab Adapter Board that facili‐
tates all phases of the integration process.
The Lab Adapter Board is a hardware development platform
that is designed to support multiple members of the Wireless
Embedded Module product family. It contains the hardware
components that are typically necessary for evaluating and
developing with the module, including:
• Lab Adapter Board
• Cables
• Antennas
• Other accessories
Required connectors
Note: Contact the vendors
before you choose your
connectors — the numbers
included here are for reference
only. Choose connectors that are
appropriate to your design.
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
When integrating these modules into your host device, you
need the following connector types:
• RF cable that mates with IPEX MHF‐A13 connector (model
20428‐001R)
• IPEX 15 pin CABLINE cable connector( part number
20347‐015E‐01).
• Industry‐standard USIM / RUIM connector—the actual
connector you use depends on how your device exposes the
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
USIM / RUIM socket. For example, the USIM / RUIM
connector used on the Lab Adapter Board is an ITT
CCM03‐3518.
Guide organization
This guide includes the following sections:
1. Introduction (this section)
2. Power Interface (page 11)
Describes power control signals used by the module and
discusses design issues related to power supply
integration.
3. RF Integration (page 15)
Describes antenna connection methods and grounding issues,
RF interference and desense issues.
4. Regulatory Information (page 21)
Describes regulatory approvals and regulatory information
requirements.
5. Acronyms and Definitions (page 23)
Lists acronyms and definitions used throughout this guide.
6. Index (page 101)
Note: The term "host" always refers to the host device.
2130851
Introduction
Related documents
This guide deals specifically with hardware integration issues
that are unique to the EM878x modules.
Table 1‐1 lists other documents referenced in this guide.
Table 1-1: Related documentation
Document title
AT Command Set for User
Equipment (UE) (Release 6)
Description
This 3GPP technical specification describes standard AT
commands for GSM / UMTS devices.
Download this document (3GPP TS 27.007) from
www.3gpp.org.
FCC Regulations - Part 15 Radio Frequency Devices
This section of the FCC Code of Federal Regulations, Title
47 deals with radio frequency devices, including shielding
requirements for embedded modules.
Download this regulation from http://wireless.fcc.gov.
IEC-61000-4-2 level 3
Techniques for testing and measuring electrostatic
discharge (ESD) immunity.
Order this document from www.iec.ch.
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
EM8780/EM8781 Product
Specification (Document
2130TBD)
Features, mechanical and electrical specifications, and
standards compliance of the EM8780 / EM8781.
MC87xx Modem CnS Reference
(Document 2130602)
This document describes the CnS (Control and Status)
messages supported by the EM8780/EM8781.
MC87xx Modem Extended AT
Command Reference
(Document 2130616)
Proprietary AT commands for the EM878x.
Mobile Station (MS)
Conformance Specification;
Part 4: Subscriber Interface
Module
This 3GPP technical specification describes SIM testing
methods.
UMTS Modems Supported AT
Command Reference
(Document 2130617)
This document describes proprietary, basic AT commands
for the EM878x.
Universal Serial Bus
Specification, Rev 2.0
Download this specification from www.usb.org.
Download this document (3GPP TS 11.10-4) from
www.3gpp.org.
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
10
2130851
2
2: Power Interface
Overview of operation
The module is designed to use a 5.0V (nominal) power supply,
provided by the host. It is the host’s responsibility to provide
safe and continuous power to the module at all times; the
module does NOT have an independent power supply, or
protection circuits to guard against electrical issues.
The module’s power state is controlled by the host’s supply of
the 5.0V power rail. When this rail is powered up, the modem
is in the ON state. When this rail is powered down, the
modem is in the OFF state.
Power signals
The module must be connected to a 5.0V power supply.
For detailed pinout and voltage / current requirements of these
modules, see the Product Specification Document for your
embedded module.
Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
You are responsible for ensuring that the host has adequate
ESD protection on digital circuits and antenna ports:
• (Operational) RF port (antenna launch and RF connector):
IEC‐61000‐4‐2 — Level (Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Test)
• (Non‐operational) Host connector interface:
JESD22‐A114‐B +/‐ 1kV Human Body Model and
JESD22‐C101 +/‐ 125 V Charged Device Model
Specific recommendations are provided where needed in this
guide; however, the level of protection required depends on
your application.
Note: ESD protection is highly recommended for the USIM / RUIM
connector at the point where the contacts are exposed, and for any
other signals from the host interface that would be subjected to ESD
by the user of the product.
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
Values in this guide are summarized from the product specification documents (PSDs) - the PSD takes precedence.
11
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
Module power states
Note: The module unit defaults
to the Normal state when 5.0V is
first applied.
The module has three power states:
• Off
No power to the module.
• Normal
Power is supplied to the module. The module is active.
Several modes are possible (Receive, Transmit, Sleep,
Shutdown).
• Low power (“airplane mode”)
Power is supplied to the module. The module is active, but
RF is disabled.
A state machine is implemented in the module to monitor the
operating temperature.
Off state
This state occurs when there is no power to the module — the
host power source is disconnected from the module, and all
voltages associated with the module are at 0 V.
Whether the host device is also powered off depends on the
power rail design. If the connection between the power rail
and the module is controlled by the host, the host can stay
powered on and cut the power to put the modem into the
disconnected state. If the power rail is shared between the host
device and the module, the host is powered off when the
module is powered off.
Normal state
Note: This is the default state
when 5.0V is first applied.
This is the active state of the module. In this state:
• The module is fully powered.
• The module is capable of placing / receiving calls or estab‐
lishing data connections on the wireless network.
• The USB interface is fully active.
Low power mode
In this state, RF (both Rx and Tx) is disabled in the module, but
the USB interface is still active. This low power mode
(ʺairplane modeʺ) is controlled by software commands
through the host interface.
For instructions on using the commands, refer to:
• AT Command Set for User Equipment (UE) (Release 6)
(+CFUN=0 command),
12
2130851
Values in this guide are summarized from the product specification documents (PSDs) - the PSD takes precedence.
Power Interface
• MC87xx Modem CnS Reference (Document 2130602) (Disable
Modem command).
Usage models
Usage models can be used to calculate expected current
consumption. A sample usage model is provided in Table 2‐1.
Table 2-1: Power consumption of a sample application
Used by a field worker
(data only)
Used for remote data
logging
Upload
(module Tx)
1000 kB/day
40 kB/h
Download
(module Rx)
500 kB/day
100 kB/day
Coverage / data
rate
1X / 80 kbps
IS-95 / 14.4 kbps
Hours of
operation
8 / day (off 16 hrs / day)
24 / day
Total power
consumed over
24 hours
66 mAh
220 mAh
This example model applies to a battery‐operated device. In
practice, because the module is isolated from the battery (the
host device manages the power source), the mAh ratings
depend on the device’s supply efficiency.
The module automatically enters slotted sleep mode when
there is no transmission or reception occurring (SCI = 2).
Transmit power is assumed to be +3 dBm.
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
Values in this guide are summarized from the product specification documents (PSDs) - the PSD takes precedence.
13
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
14
2130851
Values in this guide are summarized from the product specification documents (PSDs) - the PSD takes precedence.
3
3: RF Integration
The EM878x operates on the frequencies detailed in Table 3‐1.
Table 3-1: EM878x — Supported frequencies
Band
Frequencies
(MHz)
GSM 850
Tx: 824–849
Rx: 869-894
EGSM 900
Tx: 880-915
Rx: 925-960
DCS 1800
Tx: 1710-1785
Rx: 1805-1880
PCS 1900
Tx: 1850-1910
Rx: 1930-1990
Band I
UMTS 2100
Tx: 1920–1980
Rx: 2110–2170
Band II
UMTS 1900
Tx: 1850–1910
Rx: 1930–1990
Band V
UMTS 850
Tx: 824–849
Rx: 869–894
RF connection
When attaching an antenna to the module:
Note: To disconnect the
antenna, make sure you use the
IPEX MHF connector removal
tool (P/N TBD) to prevent
damage to the module or coaxial
cable assembly.
• Use an IPEX MHF connector (model MHFA13‐7G‐113‐60‐
SW) to attach an antenna to a connection point on the
module, as shown in Figure 3‐1 below.
• Match coaxial connections between the module and the
antenna to 50 Ω.
• Minimize RF cable losses to the antenna; the recommended
maximum cable loss for antenna cabling is 0.5 dB.
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
Values in this guide are summarized from the product specification documents (PSDs) - the PSD takes precedence.
15
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
Figure 3-1: Antenna connection points and mounting tabs/clip
EM8780/8781:
GPS connector
Diversity RF connector
Main RF connector
Mounting tabs/clip
Ground connection
When connecting the module to system ground:
• Prevent noise leakage by establishing a very good ground
connection to the module through the host connector.
• Connect to system ground using the mounting tabs at the
top and bottom of the module (as shown in Figure 3‐1 on
page 16).
• Minimize ground noise leakage into the RF.
Depending on the host board design, noise could potentially
be coupled to the module from the host board. This is
mainly an issue for host designs that have signals traveling
along the length of the module, or circuitry operating at
both ends of the module interconnects.
Shielding
The module is fully shielded to protect against EMI and to
ensure compliance with FCC Part 15 ‐ “Radio Frequency
Devices” (or equivalent regulations in other jurisdictions).
Note: The module shields must NOT be removed.
16
2130851
In the event of a discrepancy in values between this guide and the Product Specification Document (PSD), the PSD takes precedence.
RF Integration
Antenna and cabling
Note: Values in this guide are
taken from the appropriate
product specification documents
(PSDs) (listed in Related
documents, page 9). In the case
of a discrepancy between this
document and the relevant PSD,
use the value listed in the PSD.
When selecting the antenna and cable, it is critical to RF perfor‐
mance to match antenna gain and cable loss.
Choosing the correct antenna and cabling
Consider the following points for proper matching of antennas
and cabling:
• The antenna (and associated circuitry) should have a
nominal impedance of 50 Ω with a return loss ≤ 10 dB
across each frequency band of operation.
• The system gain value affects both radiated power and
regulatory (FCC, IC, CE, etc.) test results.
Developing custom antennas
Consider the following points when developing custom‐
designed antennas:
• A skilled RF engineer should do the development to ensure
that the RF performance is maintained.
• Identify the bands that need to be supported.
Determining the antenna’s location
Consider the following points when deciding where to put the
antenna:
• Antenna location may affect RF performance. Although the
module is shielded to prevent interference in most applica‐
tions, the placement of the antenna is still very important —
if the host device is insufficiently shielded, high levels of
broadband or spurious noise can degrade the module’s
performance.
• Connecting cables between the module and the antenna
must have 50 Ω impedance. If the impedance of the module
is mismatched, RF performance is reduced significantly.
• Antenna cables should be routed, if possible, away from
noise sources (switching power supplies, LCD assemblies,
etc.). If the cables are near the noise sources, the noise may
be coupled into the RF cable and into the antenna.
Disabling the diversity antenna
If your host device is not designed to use the module’s
diversity antenna, terminate the interface with a 50 Ω ohm
load.
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
Values in this guide are summarized from the product specification documents (PSDs) - the PSD takes precedence.
17
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
Interference and sensitivity
Note: These modules are based
on ZIF (Zero Intermediate
Frequency) technologies; when
performing EMC
(Electromagnetic Compatibility)
tests, there are no IF
(Intermediate Frequency)
components from the module to
consider.
Note: Values in this guide are
taken from the appropriate
product specification documents
(PSDs) (listed in Related
documents, page 9). In the case
of a discrepancy between this
document and the relevant PSD,
use the value listed in the PSD.
Several sources of interference can affect the RF performance
of the module (RF desense). Common sources include power
supply noise and device‐generated RF.
RF desense can be addressed through a combination of
mitigation techniques and radiated sensitivity measurement.
Power supply noise
Noise in the power supply can lead to noise in the RF signal.
The power supply ripple limit for the module is no more than
200 mVp‐p 1 Hz to 100 kHz. This limit includes voltage ripple
due to transmitter burst activity.
Interference from other wireless devices
Wireless devices operating inside the host device can cause
interference that affects the module.
To determine the most suitable locations for antennas on your
host device, evaluate each wireless device’s radio system,
considering the following:
• Any harmonics, sub‐harmonics, or cross‐products of signals
generated by wireless devices that fall in the module’s Rx
range may cause spurious response, resulting in decreased
Rx performance.
• The Tx power and corresponding broadband noise of other
wireless devices may overload or increase the noise floor of
the module’s receiver, resulting in Rx desense.
The severity of this interference depends on the closeness of
the other antennas to the module’s antenna. To determine
suitable locations for each wireless device’s antenna,
thoroughly evaluate your host device’s design.
18
2130851
In the event of a discrepancy in values between this guide and the Product Specification Document (PSD), the PSD takes precedence.
RF Integration
Device-generated RF
Note: The module can cause
interference with other devices
such as hearing aids and onboard speakers.
Wireless devices such as the
embedded module transmit in
bursts (pulse transients) for set
durations (RF burst frequencies).
Hearing aids and speakers
convert these burst frequencies
into audible frequencies,
resulting in audible noise.
All electronic computing devices generate RF interference that
can negatively affect the receive sensitivity of the module
(RF desense).
The proximity of host electronics to the antenna in wireless
devices can contribute to RF desense. Components that are
most likely to cause RF desense include:
• Microprocessor and memory
• Display panel and display drivers
• Switching‐mode power supplies
These and other high‐speed devices (in particular, the
processor) can cause RF desense because they run at
frequencies of tens of MHz. The rapid rise and fall of these
clock signals generates higher‐order harmonics that often fall
within the operating frequency band of the module, causing
RF desense.
Example
On a sub‐system running at 40 MHz, the 22nd harmonic falls
at 880 MHz, which is within the cellular receive frequency
band.
Note: In practice, there are usually numerous interfering frequencies
and harmonics. The net effect can be a series of desensitized receive
channels.
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
Values in this guide are summarized from the product specification documents (PSDs) - the PSD takes precedence.
19
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
20
2130851
In the event of a discrepancy in values between this guide and the Product Specification Document (PSD), the PSD takes precedence.
4
4: Regulatory Information
Important notice
Because of the nature of wireless communications, trans‐
mission and reception of data can never be guaranteed. Data
may be delayed, corrupted (i.e., have errors) or be totally lost.
Although significant delays or losses of data are rare when
wireless devices such as the Sierra Wireless modem are used in
a normal manner with a well‐constructed network, the Sierra
Wireless modem should not be used in situations where failure
to transmit or receive data could result in damage of any kind
to the user or any other party, including but not limited to
personal injury, death, or loss of property. Sierra Wireless and
its affiliates accept no responsibility for damages of any kind
resulting from delays or errors in data transmitted or received
using the Sierra Wireless modem, or for failure of the Sierra
Wireless modem to transmit or receive such data.
Safety and hazards
Do not operate your EM8780/EM8781 modem:
• In areas where blasting is in progress
• Where explosive atmospheres may be present including
refuelling points, fuel depots, and chemical plants
• Near medical equipment, life support equipment, or any
equipment which may be susceptible to any form of radio
interference. In such areas, the EM8780/EM8781 modem
MUST BE POWERED OFF. Otherwise, the EM878x
modem can transmit signals that could interfere with this
equipment.
In an aircraft, the EM8780/EM8781 modem MUST BE
POWERED OFF. Otherwise, the EM8780/EM8781 modem can
transmit signals that could interfere with various onboard
systems and may be dangerous to the operation of the aircraft
or disrupt the cellular network. Use of a cellular phone in an
aircraft is illegal in some jurisdictions. Failure to observe this
instruction may lead to suspension or denial of cellular
telephone services to the offender, or legal action or both.
Some airlines may permit the use of cellular phones while the
aircraft is on the ground and the door is open. The EM8780/
EM8781 modem may be used normally at this time.
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
21
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
Important compliance
information for North American
users
The EM8780/EM8781 modem has been granted modular
approval for mobile applications. Integrators may use the
EM8780/EM8781 modem in their final products without
additional FCC / IC (Industry Canada) certification if they
meet the following conditions. Otherwise, additional FCC / IC
approvals must be obtained.
1. At least 20 cm separation distance between the antenna and
the user’s body must be maintained at all times.
2. To comply with FCC / IC regulations limiting both maximum
RF output power and human exposure to RF radiation, the
maximum antenna gain including cable loss in a mobile‐only
exposure condition must not exceed:
· 5 dBi in the Cellular band and 4 dBi in the PCS band for the
EM8780/EM8781 modem
3. The EM8780/EM8781 modem and its antenna must not be
co‐located or operating in conjunction with any other
transmitter or antenna within a host device.
4. A label must be affixed to the outside of the end product into
which the EM8780/EM8781 modem is incorporated, with a
statement similar to the following:
· For EM8780:
This device contains FCC ID: N7NEM8780
· For EM8781:
This device contains FCC ID: N7NEM8781
This equipment contains equipment certified under
IC: 2417C‐EM8781
5. A user manual with the end product must clearly indicate the
operating requirements and conditions that must be observed
to ensure compliance with current FCC / IC RF exposure
guidelines.
The end product with an embedded EM8780/EM8781 modem
may also need to pass the FCC Part 15 unintentional emission
testing requirements and be properly authorized per FCC Part
15 where applicable.
Note: If this module is intended for use in a portable device,
you are responsible for separate approval to satisfy the SAR
requirements of FCC Part 2.1093 and IC RSS‐102.
22
2130851
A
A: Acronyms and Definitions
Table A-1: Acronyms and definitions
Acronym or term
Definition
BER
Bit Error Rate — a measure of receive sensitivity
BLER
Block Error Rate
dB
Decibel = 10 x log10 (P1/P2)
P1 is calculated power; P2 is reference power
Decibel = 20 x log10 (V1/V2)
V1 is calculated voltage, V2 is reference voltage
dBm
Decibels, relative to 1 mW - Decibel(mW) = 10 x log10 (Pwr (mW)/
1mW)
EDGE
Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution
EM
Embedded Module
EM8780/EM8781
Sierra Wireless embedded modules used on GSM networks
ESD
ElectroStatic Discharge
GPRS
General Packet Radio Services
GPS
Global Positioning System — a system that uses a series of 24
geosynchronous satellites to provide navigational data.
GSM
Global System for Mobile communications
HSDPA
High Speed Download Packet Access. An add-on data service to
GSM mobile phone networks.
Hz
Hertz = 1 cycle/second
IS-95
2G radio standards targeted for voice (cdmaONE)
MHz
MegaHertz = 10E6 Hertz (Hertz = 1 cycle/second)
PCS
Personal Communication System — PCS spans the 1.9 GHz radio
spectrum
RF
Radio Frequency
RUIM
Removable User Identity Module
SCI
Slot Cycle Index
Sensitivity (RF)
Measure of lowest power signal at the receiver input that can
provide a prescribed BER/BLER/SNR value at the receiver output.
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
23
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
Table A-1: Acronyms and definitions
Acronym or term
24
Definition
SIM
Subscriber Identity Module
SNR
Signal to Noise Ratio
UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System. See also WCDMA.
USB
Universal Serial Bus
USIM
Universal Subscriber Identity Module
WCDMA
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access. In this document, the
term “UMTS” is used instead of “WCDMA”.
2130851
Index
acronyms and definitions 23–24
airplane mode 12
antenna
connection and mounting points 16
connection considerations 15
custom, considerations 17
diversity antenna, disabling 17
limit, matching coaxial connections 15
location, considerations 17
matching, considerations 17
maximum cable loss 15
AT commands
3GPP specification, details 9
low power mode, setting 12
AT commands, extended
EM878x, reference 9
AT commands, standard
EM878x, reference 9
cable loss
antenna, maximum 15
CnS
EM878x reference 9
connection
grounding 16
connectors, required
host‐module 7–8
RF, IPEX 7
USIM/RUIM 7
current
consumption 13
usage models 13
DCS 1800
RF parameters, EM878x 15
desense. See RF
diversity antenna
disabling 17
EGSM 900
RF parameters, EM878x 15
electrostatic discharge. See ESD
EM878x
AT reference (extended) 9
AT reference (standard) 9
Rev 1.0 Apr.07
CnS reference, 9
product specification 9
RF parameters 15
ESD
protection requirements 11
testing techniques document (IEC‐61000‐4‐2) 9
FCC
regulations, relevant section 9
grounding
connection considerations 16
GSM 850
RF parameters, EM878x 15
impedance
module‐antenna 17
interference
device generated 19
power supply noise 18
wireless devices 18
Lab Adapter Board 7
low power mode
setting, AT commands 12
low power, module power state 12
module
power states 12
noise
leakage, minimizing 16
RF interference, power supply 18
normal, module power state 12
off, module power state 12
25
GSM Embedded Modems Hardware Integration Guide
PCS 1900
RF parameters, EM878x 15
power
default state 12
disconnected, characteristics 12
normal, characteristics 12
signals, overview 11
state, low power 12
state, normal 12
state, off 12
supply, RF interference 18
supply, ripple limit 18
power interface 11–13
PSD
EM878x 9
regulatory information 21–22
FCC 22
limitation of liability 21
safety and hazards 21
RF
antenna cable loss, maximum 15
antenna connection, considerations 15
cable type, required 7
desense
device‐generated 19
integration 15–19
interference
other devices 19
power supply 18
wireless devices 18
parameters
DCS 1800 15
EGSM 900 15
EM878x 15
GSM 850 15
26
PCS 1900 15
UMTS 1900 15
UMTS 2100 15
UMTS 850 15
shielding
module, compliance 16
SIM
testing methods, MS conformance specification 9
SIM. See USIM/RUIM
testing
ESD immunity, techniques document (IEC‐61000‐
4‐2) 9
UMTS 1900
RF parameters, EM878x 15
UMTS 2100
RF parameters, EM878x 15
UMTS 850
RF parameters, EM878x 15
Universal Serial Bus. See USB
usage models
current consumption 13
USB
specification 9
USIM/RUIM
connector type, required 7
ZIF (Zero Intermediate Frequency) 18
2130851


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