Silicon Laboratories Finland WRAP2022-1-B2B Bluetooth Board-to-Board Module User Manual WRAP THOR Manual

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Document Description	WRAP THOR Manual
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Date Submitted	2004-09-23 00:00:00
Date Available	2004-09-16 00:00:00
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WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
BLUETOOTH MODULE
USER’S MANUAL (V 1.0)
WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
Bluegiga Proprietary
Version 1.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................................4
1.1 FEATURE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................4
1.2 TARGET APPLICATIONS ...........................................................................................................4
1.3 USE OF THE ASCII-INTERFACE ................................................................................................4
BLOCK DIAGRAMS ......................................................................................................................5
2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B...................................................................5
COMMON PHYSICAL LAYER SPECIFICATIONS............................................................................6
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................................................6
RADIO FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS .....................................................................................7
5.1 TRANSMITTER CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................................7
5.2 RECEIVER CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................................................8
PIN DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................9
6.1 PIN DESCRIPTION OF WRAP 2022-1-B2B ...............................................................................9
MECHANICS ..............................................................................................................................11
7.1 PHYSICAL OUTLOOK OF WRAP 2022-1-B2B........................................................................11
7.2 MECHANICAL DRAWING OF WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B ......................................................11
7.3 RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN OF WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B ..........................................13
7.4 ..................................................................................................................................................13
BLUETOOTH SOFTWARE STACKS ............................................................................................14
8.1 RFCOMM STACK .................................................................................................................14
8.2 VIRTUAL MACHINE STACK ....................................................................................................15
UART INTERFACE ...................................................................................................................16
10 USB INTERFACE .......................................................................................................................18
10.1 USB DATA CONNECTIONS ..................................................................................................18
10.2 USB PULL-UP RESISTOR .....................................................................................................18
10.3 POWER SUPPLY....................................................................................................................18
10.4 SELF-POWERED MODE ........................................................................................................18
10.5 BUS-POWERED MODE .........................................................................................................19
10.6 SUSPEND CURRENT .............................................................................................................19
10.7 DETACH AND WAKE_UP SIGNALLING .................................................................................21
10.8 USB DRIVER .......................................................................................................................21
10.9 USB 1.1 COMPLIANCE ........................................................................................................21
10.10 USB 2.0 COMPATIBILITY ..................................................................................................21
11 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE ............................................................................................22
11.1 INSTRUCTION CYCLE ...........................................................................................................22
11.2 SINGLE-CYCLE OPERATION .................................................................................................22
11.3 MULTI-SLAVE OPERATION ..................................................................................................22
11.4 WRITING TO WRAP THOR 2022-1 ....................................................................................22
11.5 AUTO-INCREMENT OPERATION ...........................................................................................22
11.6 READING FROM WRAP THOR 2022-1 ...............................................................................24
12 PCM .........................................................................................................................................25
12.1 PCM INTERFACE MASTER/SLAVE .......................................................................................25
12.2 SHORT FRAME SYNC ...........................................................................................................27
12.3 MULTI-SLOT OPERATION ....................................................................................................28
12.4 GCI INTERFACE...................................................................................................................28
12.5 SLOTS AND SAMPLE FORMATS ............................................................................................29
12.6 ADDITIONAL FEATURES.......................................................................................................30
12.7 PCM TIMING INFORMATION................................................................................................30
13 PIO ...........................................................................................................................................33
14 APPROVAL INFORMATION ........................................................................................................34
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OVERVIEW
1.1 FEATURE SUMMARY
The summary of the technical features are listed below.
•
Wireless communication module corresponding to Bluetooth Specification V1.1.
•
Bluetooth Class 1 device. Supports 100 m link range.
•
Compact package size (25.6 * 14 * 2.5 mm).
•
Up to 7 ACL connections and up to 3 SCO connections.
•
UART interface with programmable baud rate.
•
GPIO control.
•
SPI
•
13-bit PCM interface.
•
Built-in link controller and Link Manager Protocol.
•
Command interface options.
•
WRAP THOR ASCII Interface using UART.
•
HCI using UART / USB.
•
Built-in flash memory and system clock.
•
Support for Virtual Machine applications inside the module.
1.2 TARGET APPLICATIONS
The target applications are telemetry, telematics, M2M applications, industrial instruments, sensors,
and devices, hand-held devices, network appliances, embedded Linux systems, professional
transportation systems, lifestyle electronics, cable replacement, Symbian phone accessories.
1.3 USE OF THE ASCII-INTERFACE
This is described separately in the ASCII-Interface manual.
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2.1
BLOCK DIAGRAMS
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
Antenna
Band
Pass
Filter
RF
Switch
RF
Power
Amp.
Low
Noise
Amp.
Balun
UART
SPI
BlueCore02
PCM
USB
PIO
8 Mbit
Flash
Memory
16 MHz
Crystal
3.3 V
Reg.
4.0 V
9.0 V
Bluegiga
WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
Figure 1: Block diagram of WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
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COMMON PHYSICAL LAYER SPECIFICATIONS
The common physical layer specifications are shown in the table below.
Item
Operating Frequency
Carrier Spacing
Channels
Duplexing
Symbol Rate
TX Modulation Polarity
RX Data Out Polarity
Specification
2400 MHz to 2483.5 MHz (In the ISM-Band)
1.0 MHz
79
TDD
1 Mbps
Binary one: Positive frequency deviation
Binary zero: Negative frequency deviation
FC + dF: "H"
FC - dF: "L"
Table 1: Common physical layer specifications
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
The general specifications are show in the table below.
Item
Supply voltage
WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
Specification
Pin 40: 3.3 V ± 0.1 V regulated voltage. (Noise < 10 mVP-P.)
Pin 39: 4.0 V … 9.0 V unregulated voltage.
Supply current
WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
Frequency range
Guard band
Carrier frequency
Modulation method
Hopping
Maximum data rate
10
Receiving signal range
Receiver IF frequency
11
Transmission power
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
RF input impedance
Baseband crystal OSC
Output interfaces
Operation temperature
Storage temperature
Compliance
USB specification
Maximum current in TX mode: 160 mA.
Maximum current in RX mode: 60 mA.
2400 MHz … 2483.5 MHz. (ISM-Band.)
2 MHz < F < 3.5 MHz. (Europe, Japan, USA.)
2402 MHz … 2480 MHz. F = 2402 + k MHz; k = 0 … 78.
GFSK, 1 Mbps, 0.5 Gaussian.
1600 hops/s, 1 MHz channel space.
Asynchronous, 723.2 kbps / 57.6 kbps.
Synchronous: 433,9 kbps/433.9kbps.
-82 to -20 dBm. (Typical.)
1.5 MHz. (Center frequency.)
Minimum: -18 … -16 dBm.
Maximum +14 … +17 dBm.
(Class 1 device with 6 power control levels.)
50 Ω.
16 MHz.
6 GPIO, PCM, SPI, UART, USB.
273 K … 328 K. (0 ºC … + 55 ºC).
233 K … 358 K. (- 40 ºC … + 85 ºC.)
Bluetooth specification, version 1.1.
USB specification, version 1.1.
Table 2: General specifications
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RADIO FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS
5.1 TRANSMITTER CHARACTERISTICS
The transmitter characteristics have been measured according to the test purposes of the Bluetooth
test specification. The details of the initial condition and the test procedure may be found from the
document mentioned above. The transmitter characteristics are show in the table below.
No Item
1 Output power.
2 Power density.
Frequency range.
-20 dB band width.
Adjacent channel power.
 M – N  = 2.
 M – N  ≥ 3.
Modulation
characteristics.
∆F1AVG.
∆F2MAX. (99.9 %.)
∆F2AVG/∆F1AVG.
Initial carrier frequency
tolerance.
Carrier frequency drift.
DH1.
DH3.
DH5.
Drift rate.
Out-of-band spurious
emissions.
Operation mode.
30 MHz … 1 GHz.
1 GHz … 12.75 GHz.
1.8 GHz … 1.9 GHz.
5.15 GHz … 5.3 GHz.
Idle mode.
30 MHz … 1 GHz.
1 GHz … 12.75 GHz.
1.8 GHz … 1.9 GHz.
5.15 GHz … 5.3 GHz.
Min
+12
Typ
+16
2400
Max
+18
Unit
dBm
Bluetooth test purpose
TRM/CA/01/C. (NTC, ETC.)
20
dBm
TRM/CA/02/C. (ETC.)
2483.5
MHz
TRM/CA/04/C. (NTC, ETC.)
1.0
MHz
TRM/CA/05/C. (NTC, ETC.)
TRM/CA/06/C. (NTC, ETC.)
-20
-40
dBm
dBm
TRM/CA/07/C. (NTC, ETC.)
140
115
0.8
-75
-25
-40
-40
175
kHz
kHz
75
kHz
+25
+40
+40
20000
kHz
kHz
kHz
Hz
-36
-30
-47
-47
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
-57
-47
-47
-47
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
TRM/CA/08/C. (NTC, ETC.)
TRM/CA/09/C. (NTC, ETC.)
TRC/CA/01/C. (NTC.)
Table 3: Transmitter characteristics
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NTC: Normal Test Condition. Nominal power supply voltage (VDD = 3.3 V) and nominal operating
temperature (TNOM = 298 K = 25 ºC).
ETC: Extreme Test Condition. Extreme power supply voltages (VDD = 3.3 V ± 0.1 V) and extreme
operating temperatures (TMIN = 253 K = 0 ºC, TMAX = 328 K = 55 ºC) in all combinations.
5.2 RECEIVER CHARACTERISTICS
The receiver characteristics have been measured according to the test purposes of the Bluetooth test
specification. The details of the initial condition and the test procedure may be found from the
document mentioned above. The receiver characteristics are show in the table below.
No Item
Sensitivity.
Single slot packets.
Sensitivity.
Multi-slot packets.
C/I performance.
C/I0MHz. (Co-Channel)
C/I1MHz.
3 C/I2MHz.
C/I3≥MHz.
C/IIMAGE.
C/IIMAGE+1MHz.
Blocking performance.
30 MHz…2000 MHz.
4 2000 MHz…2400 MHz.
2500 MHz…3000 MHz.
3000 MHz…12.75 GHz.
Intermodulation
performance.
+1 MHz
+2 MHz
>+3 MHz
6 Image frequency
Adjacent (1 MHz) to inband image
7 Maximum input level.
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Bluetooth test purpose
-87
-82
-75
dBm
RCV/CA/01/C. (NTC, ETC.)
-87
-82
-75
dBm
RCV/CA/02/C. (NTC, ETC.)
11
-30
-40
-9
-20
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
-10
-27
-27
-10
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
-39
dBm
-30
-40
-6
-16
-20
RCV/CA/03/C. (NTC.)
RCV/CA/04/C. (NTC.)
RCV/CA/05/C. (NTC.)
dB
dB
dB
dB
dB
dBm
RCV/CA/06/C. (NTC.)
Table 4: Receiver characteristics
NTC: Normal Test Condition. Nominal power supply voltage (VDD = 3.3 V) and nominal operating
temperature (TNOM = 298 K = 25 ºC).
ETC: Extreme Test Condition. Extreme power supply voltages (VDD = 3.3 V ± 0.1 V) and extreme
operating temperatures (TMIN = 253 K = 0 ºC, TMAX = 328 K = 55 ºC) in all combinations.
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PIN DESCRIPTION
6.1 PIN DESCRIPTION OF WRAP 2022-1-B2B
The pin description of WRAP 2022-1-B2B is shown in the table below.
No
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Pin name
RESET_IN
NC
PIO (2)
NC
PIO (3)
PIO (4)
PIO (6)
PIO (5)
PIO (7)
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
GND
GND
PCM_SYNC
PCM_CLK
PCM_IN
PCM_OUT
NC
NC
NC
NC
SPI_MOSI
SPI_CLK
29
SPI_CSB
30
SPI_MISO
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
UART_CTS
USB_DUART_RST
USB_D+
UART_TX
UART_RX
GND
GND
5V0
3V3
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I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
GND
GND
I/O
I/O
GND
GND
VDD
VDD
Description
Reset if high. (Internal 1 Kohm pull-down resistor.)
Not connected.
Programmable I/O lines.
Not connected.
Programmable I/O lines.
Programmable I/O lines.
Programmable I/O lines.
Programmable I/O lines.
Programmable I/O lines.
Not connected.
Not connected.
Not connected.
Not connected.
Not connected.
Not connected.
Not connected.
Ground.
Ground.
Synchronous data strobe (pull-down).
Synchronous data clock (pull-down).
Synchronous 8 kbps data in (pull-down).
Synchronous 8 kbps data out (pull-down).
Not connected.
Not connected.
Not connected.
Not connected.
Synchronous Serial Interface data input (pull down).
Synchronous Serial Interface Clock (pull down).
Chip select for synchronous serial interface (pull-up).
Active low.
Synchronous Serial Interface data output (strong pulldown).
Asynchronous serial data CTS (pull-up). Active low.
USB data minus.
Asynchronous serial data RTS (pull-up). Active low.
USB data plus.
Asynchronous serial data out.
Asynchronous serial data.
Ground.
Ground.
Power supply connection. (Unregulated power input.)
Power supply connection. (Regulated power input.)
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Table 5: Pin configuration
List of abreviations: Analog (A), Input (I), Output (O), Ground (GND), Radio Frequency port (RF).
Notes: Voltage level of input (I), output (O) and input/output (I/O) pins is 3.3 V.
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MECHANICS
7.1 PHYSICAL OUTLOOK OF WRAP 2022-1-B2B
The physical outlook of WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B is shown in the image below.
Figure 1: Outlook of WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
7.2 MECHANICAL DRAWING OF WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
The mechanical drawing of WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B is shown in the figure below.
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Figure 2: Mechanical drawing of WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
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7.3 RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN OF WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B module utilize AMP 4-353512-0 connector. The opposite connector for
the application board is AMP 4-353515-0. The recommended land pattern of WRAP THOR 20221-B2B opposite connector and the module positioning is shown in the figure below.
Figure 3: Recommended land pattern of WRAP THOR 2022-1-B2B
7.4
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BLUETOOTH SOFTWARE STACKS
WRAP THOR 2022-1 is supplied with Bluetooth stack firmware which runs on the internal RISC
microcontroller. This is compliant with the Bluetooth specification v1.1.
The WRAP THOR 2022-1 software architecture allows Bluetooth processing overheads to be
shared in different ways between the internal RISC microcontroller and the host processor. The
upper layers of the Bluetooth stack (above HCI) can be run either on-chip or on the host processor.
Running the upper stack on WRAP THOR 2022-1 reduces (or eliminates, in the case of a virtual
machine (VM) application) the need for host-side software and processing time. Running the upper
layers on the host processor allows greater flexibility.
8.1
RFCOMM STACK
Figure 4: RFCOMM stack
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In this version of the firmware the upper layers of the Bluetooth stack up to RFCOMM are run onchip. This reduces host-side software and hardware requirements at the expense of some of the
power and flexibility of the HCI only stack.
8.2
VIRTUAL MACHINE STACK
Figure 5: Virtual Machine
This version of the stack firmware requires no host processor. All software layers, including
application software, run on the internal RISC processor in a protected user software execution
environment known as a Virtual Machine (VM).
The user may write custom application code to run on the BlueCore VM using BlueLaM software
development kit (SDK) supplied with the BlueLab and Casira development kits, available
separately from CSR. This code will then execute alongside the main BlueCore firmware. The user
is able to make calls to the BlueCore firmware for various operations.
The execution environment is structured so the user application does not adversely affect the main
software
routines, thus ensuring that the Bluetooth stack software component does not need re-qualification
when the
application is changed.
Using the VM and the BlueLab SDK the user is able to develop applications such as a cordless
headset or other profiles without the requirement of a host controller. BlueLab is supplied with
example code including a full implementation of the headset profile.
Note:
Sample applications to control PIO lines can also be written with BlueLab SDK and the VM for the
HCI stack.
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UART INTERFACE
WRAP THOR 2022-1 Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) interface provides a
simple mechanism for communicating with other serial devices using the RS232 standard (1).
WRAP THOR 2022-1
Figure 6: Universal Asynchronous Receiver
Four signals are used to implement the UART function, as shown in Figure 5. When WRAP THOR
2022-1 is connected to another digital device, UART_RX and UART_TX transfer data between the
two devices. The remaining two signals, UART_CTS and UART_RTS, can be used to implement
RS232 hardware flow control where both are active low indicators. All UART connections are
implemented using CMOS technology and have signalling levels of 0V and VDD_PADS.
UART configuration parameters, such as Baud rate and packet format, are set using WRAP THOR
2022-1 software.
Notes:
In order to communicate with the UART at its maximum data rate using a standard PC,
an accelerated serial port adapter card is required for the PC.
(1) Uses RS232 protocol but voltage levels are 0V to VDD_PADS, (requires external
RS232 transceiver IC)
Table 6: Possible UART Settings
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The UART interface is capable of resetting WRAP THOR 2022-1 upon reception of a break signal.
A Break is identified by a continuous logic low on the UART_RX terminal, as shown in figure
9.16. If tBRK is longer than the value, defined by the Persistent Store Key
PSKEY_HOST_IO_UART_RESET_TIMEOUT, (0x1a4), a reset will occur. This feature allows a
host to initialise the system to a known state. Also, WRAP THOR 2022-1 can emit a Break
character that may be used to wake the Host.
Figure 7: Break signal
Note:
The DFU boot-loader must be loaded into the Flash device before the UART or USB interfaces can
be used.
This initial Flash programming can be done via the serial peripheral interface. Table 9.10 shows a
list of commonly used Baud rates and their associated values for the Persistent Store Key
PSKEY_UART_BAUD_RATE (0x204). There is no requirement to use these standard values any
Baud rate within the supported range (see Table 9.8) can be set in the Persistent Store Key
according to the following formula.
Table 7: Standard Baud Rates
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10 USB INTERFACE
WRAP THOR 2022-1 USB devices contain a full-speed (12Mbits/s) USB interface, capable of
driving a USB cable directly. No external USB transceiver is required. The device operates as a
USB peripheral, responding to requests from a master host controller such as a PC. Both the OHCI
and the UHCI standards are supported. The set of USB endpoints implemented behave as specified
in the USB section of the Bluetooth specification v1.1 and v1.2 part H2.
As USB is a master-slave orientated system, WRAP THOR 2022-1 only supports USB slave
operation.
10.1 USB DATA CONNECTIONS
The USB data lines emerge as pins USB_D+ and USB_D- on the package. These terminals are
connected to the internal USB I/O buffers of WRAP THOR 2022-1 and therefore have a low output
impedance. To match the connection to the characteristic impedance of the USB cable, series
resistors must be connected to both
USB_D+ and USB_D-.
10.2 USB PULL-UP RESISTOR
WRAP THOR 2022-1 features an internal USB pull-up resistor. This pulls the USB_D+ pin weakly
high when WRAP THOR 2022-1 is ready to enumerate. It signals to the PC that it is a full-speed
(12Mbit/s) USB device.
The USB internal pull-up is implemented as a current source, and is compliant with 7.1.5 of the
USB specification v1.1. The internal pull-up pulls USB D+ high to at least 2.8V when loaded with a
15Kohm-5% pull-down resistor (in the hub/host) when VDD_PADS=3.1V). This presents a
thevenin resistance to the host of at least 900 ohms. Alternatively, an external 1.5Kohm pull-up
resistor can be placed between a PIO line and D+ on the USB cable. The firmware must be alerted
to which mode is used by setting Persistent Store Key PSKEY_USB_PIO_PULLUP (0x2d0)
appropriately. The default setting uses the internal pull_up resistor.
10.3 POWER SUPPLY
The minimum output high voltage for USB data lines is 2.8V. To safely meet the USB
specification, the voltage on terminals must be an absolute minimum of 3.1V. CSR recommends
3.3V for optimal USB signal quality.
10.4 SELF-POWERED MODE
In self-powered mode, the circuit is powered from its own power supply and not from the VBUS
(5V) line of the USB cable. It draws only a small leakage current (below 0.5mA) from VBUS on
the USB cable. This is the easier mode for which to design for, as the design is not limited by the
power that can be drawn from the USB hub or root port. However, it requires that VBUS be
connected to WRAP THOR 2022-1 via a resistor network (Rvb1 and Rvb2), so WRAP THOR
2022-1 can detect when VBUS is powered up. WRAP THOR 2022-1 will not pull USB_D+ high
when VBUS is off.
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WRAP THOR 2022-1
Figure 8: Connections to WRAP THOR 2022-1 for Self-Powered Mode
The terminal marked USB_ON can be any free PIO pin. The PIO pin selected must be registered by
setting PSKEY_USB_PIO_VBUS (0x2d1) to the corresponding pin number.
10.5 BUS-POWERED MODE
In bus-powered mode the application circuit draws its current from the 5V VBUS supply on the
USB cable.
WRAP THOR 2022-1 negotiates with the PC during the USB enumeration stage about power
consumption.
For Class 2 Bluetooth applications, CSR recommends that the regulator used to derive 3.3V from
VBUS is rated at 100mA average current and should be able to handle peaks of 120mA without
foldback or limiting. In bus-powered mode, WRAP THOR 2022-1 requests 100mA during
enumeration.
For Class 1 Bluetooth applications, the USB power descriptor should be altered to reflect the
amount of power required. This is accomplished by setting the Persistent Store Key
PSKEY_USB_MAX_POWER (0x2c6). This is higher than for a Class 2 application due to the
extra current drawn by the Transmit RF PA.
When selecting a regulator, be aware that VBUS may go as low as 4.4V. The inrush current (when
charging reservoir and supply decoupling capacitors) is limited by the USB specification (see USB
1.1 specification, section 7.2.4.1). Some applications may require soft-start circuitry to limit inrush
current if more than 10pF is present between VBUS and GND.
The 5V VBUS line emerging from a PC is often electrically noisy. As well as regulation down to
3.3V and 1.8V, applications should include careful filtering of the 5V line to attenuate noise that is
above the voltage regulator’s bandwidth. Excessive noise on the 1.8V supply to the analogue supply
pins of WRAP THOR 2022-1 will result in reduced receive sensitivity and a distorted transmit
signal.
10.6 SUSPEND CURRENT
USB devices that run off VBUS must be able to enter a suspended state, whereby they consume less
that 0.5mA from VBUS. The voltage regulator circuit itself should draw only a small quiescent
current (typically less than 100 mA) to ensure adherence to the suspend-current requirement of the
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USB specification. This is not normally a problem with modern regulators. Ensure that external
LEDs and/or amplifiers can be turned off by WRAP THOR 2022-1. The entire circuit must be able
to enter the suspend mode.
WRAP THOR 2022-1
Figure 9: Connections to WRAP THOR 2022-1 for Bus-Powered Mode
Figure 10: USB_DETACH and USB_WAKE_UP Signal
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10.7 DETACH AND WAKE_UP SIGNALLING
WRAP THOR 2022-1 can provide out-of-band signalling to a host controller by using the dedicated
control lines called ‘USB_DETACH’ and ‘USB_WAKE_UP’. These are outside the USB
specification (no wires exist for them inside the USB cable), but can be useful when embedding
WRAP THOR 2022-1 into a circuit where no external USB is visible to the user. Both control lines
are shared with PIO pins and can be assigned to any PIO pin by setting the Persistent Store Keys
PSKEY_USB_PIO_DETACH (0x2ce) and PSKEY_USB_PIO_WAKEUP (0x2cf) to the selected
PIO number).
USB_DETACH, is an input which, when asserted high, causes WRAP THOR 2022-1 to put
USB_D- and USB_D+ in a high-impedance state and to 1.5kY pull-up resistor on USB_D+. This
detaches the device from the bus and is logically equivalent to unplugging the device. When
USB_DETACH is taken low, WRAP THOR 2022-1 will connect back to USB and await
enumeration by the USB host.
USB_WAKE_UP, is an active high output (used only when USB_DETACH is active) to wake up
the host and allow USB communication to recommence. It replaces the function of the software
USB WAKE_UP message (which runs over the USB cable proper), and cannot be sent while
WRAP THOR 2022-1 is effectively disconnected from the bus.
10.8 USB DRIVER
A USB Bluetooth device driver is required to provide a software interface between WRAP THOR
2022-1 and Bluetooth applications running on the host.
10.9 USB 1.1 COMPLIANCE
WRAP THOR 2022-1 is qualified to the USB specification v1.1, details of which are available from
http://www.usb.org. The specification contains valuable information on aspects such as PCB track
impedance, supply inrush current and product labeling.
Although WRAP THOR 2022-1 meets the USB specification, CSR cannot guarantee that an
application circuit designed around the chip is USB compliant. The choice of application circuit,
component choice and PCB layout all affect USB signal quality and electrical characteristics. The
information in this document is intended as a guide and should be read in association with the USB
specification, with particular attention being given to Chapter 7. Independent USB qualification
must be sought before an application is deemed USB compliant and can bear the USB logo. Such
qualification can be obtained from a USB plugfest or from an independent USB test house.
Terminals USB_D+ and USB_D- adhere to the USB specification 1.1 (Chapter 7) electrical
requirements.
For ac and dc specifications for terminals USB_DETACH, USB_WAKE_UP, USB_PULL_UP and
USB_ON, refer to section 9.10 PIO specification.
10.10 USB 2.0 COMPATIBILITY
WRAP THOR 2022-1 is compatible with USB specification 2.0 masters; under these circumstances
the two ends agree the mutually acceptable rate of 12Mbits/s according to the USB 2.0
specification.
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11 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE
WRAP THOR 2022-1 uses 16-bit data and 16-bit address during serial peripheral interface
transactions. Such transactions will occur whether the internal processor is running or is stopped.
This section details the
considerations required when interfacing to WRAP THOR 2022-1 via the four dedicated serial
peripheral interface terminals. Data may be written or read one word at a time or the auto-increment
feature may be used to access blocks.
11.1 INSTRUCTION CYCLE
Before WRAP THOR 2022-1 can be addressed, SPI_CSB must be taken low (SPI_CSB = 0).
Data on SPI_MOSI is then clocked into WRAP THOR 2022-1 on the rising edge of the clock line
SPI_CLK.
When reading, WRAP THOR 2022-1 will reply to the Master on MISO (the data being valid on the
falling edge of the SPI_CLK). The Master provides the clocking.
11.2 SINGLE-CYCLE OPERATION
After a serial peripheral interface transaction completes, the Master toggles SPI_CLK with
SPI_CSB high to
initiate a new transaction. SPI_CSB must be high for at least two SPI_CLK cycles.
11.3 MULTI-SLAVE OPERATION
WRAP THOR 2022-1 should not be connected in a multi-slave arrangement by simple parallel
connection of slave MISO lines. When WRAP THOR 2022-1 is deselected (SPI_CSB = 1), the
SPI_MISO line does not float. Instead, WRAP THOR 2022-1 outputs 0 if the processor is running
or 1 if it is stopped.
11.4 WRITING TO WRAP THOR 2022-1
To write to WRAP THOR 2022-1, the 8-bit write command (00000010) is sent first (C[7:0])
followed by a 16-bit address (A[15:0]). After that, 16-bits of data (D[15:0]) are sent.
11.5 AUTO-INCREMENT OPERATION
Sending a command word and the address of a register every time it is to be read or written can be a
significant overhead, especially when large amounts of data are to be transferred. To overcome this
WRAP THOR 2022-1 offers increased data transfer efficiency via an auto-increment operation.
During operation, WRAP THOR 2022-1 increments the address automatically. Only the data is
transmitted or received over the serial peripheral interface. WRAP THOR 2022-1 keeps the
previous command word.
Auto-increment mode is invoked by keeping SPI_CSB low after the last bit of a read or write
operation, while providing an extra 16 clock cycles. If the previous command was a write,
continuous 16-bit words of data may then be written to the WRAP THOR 2022-1 without the need
to send the address or command word. Similarly, if the previous command was a read, then data
may be read. T[15:0] are not returned after the first read, just D[15:0].
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Figure 11: Example Auto-Increment Operation
Figure 12: Write Operation A
Figure 13: Write Operation B
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11.6 READING FROM WRAP THOR 2022-1
Reading from WRAP THOR 2022-1 is similar to writing to it. An 8-bit read command (00000011)
is sent first, followed by the address of the location to be read. WRAP THOR 2022-1 then outputs
the 16-bit contents of the location on MISO with a check-word during T[15:0] and data during bits
D[15:0].
The check-word is composed of {command, address [15:8]}. The check-word may be used to
confirm a read operation to a memory location. This overcomes the problems encountered with
typical serial peripheral interface slaves, whereby it is impossible to determine whether the data
returned by a read operation is valid data or the result of the slave device not responding.
Figure 14: Read Operation A
Figure 15: Read Operation B
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12 PCM
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) is the standard method used to digitise human voice patterns for
transmission over digital communication channels. Through its PCM interface, WRAP THOR
2022-1 has hardware support for continual transmission and reception of PCM data, thus reducing
processor overhead for wireless headset applications. WRAP THOR 2022-1 offers a bi-directional
digital audio interface that routes directly into the baseband layer of the on-chip firmware. It does
not pass through the HCI protocol layer.
Hardware on WRAP THOR 2022-1 allows the data to be sent to and received from a SCO
connection.
Up to three SCO connections can be supported by the PCM interface at any one time.(1)
WRAP THOR 2022-1 can operate as the PCM interface Master generating an output clock of 128,
256 or 512kHz. When configured as PCM interface slave it can operate with an input clock up to
2048kHz. WRAP THOR 2022-1 is compatible with a variety of clock formats, including Long
Frame Sync, Short Frame Sync and GCI timing environments.
It supports 13 or 16-bit linear, 8-bit o-law or A-law companded sample formats at 8ksamples/s and
can receive and transmit on any selection of three of the first four slots following PCM_SYNC. The
PCM configuration options are enabled by setting the Persistent Store Key PS
KEY_PCM_CONFIG (0x1b3).
WRAP THOR 2022-1 interfaces directly to PCM audio devices includes the following:
. Qualcomm MSM 3000 series and MSM 5000 series CDMA baseband devices
. OKI MSM7705 four channel A-law and o-law CODEC
. Motorola MC145481 8-bit A-law and"o-law CODEC
. Motorola MC145483 13-bit linear CODEC
WRAP THOR 2022-1 is also compatible with the Motorola SSITM interface
Note:
(1) Subject to firmware support, contact CSR for current status.
12.1 PCM INTERFACE MASTER/SLAVE
When configured as the Master of the PCM interface, WRAP THOR 2022-1 generates PCM_CLK
and
PCM_SYNC.
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WRAP THOR 2022-1
Figure 16: WRAP THOR 2022-1 as PCM Interface Master
When configured as the Slave of the PCM interface, WRAP THOR 2022-1 accepts PCM_CLK
rates up to
2048kHz.
WRAP THOR 2022-1
Figure 17: WRAP THOR 2022-1 as PCM Interface Slave
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Note:
A minimum of 3 clock cycles needs to be applied before a SCO is established
Long Frame Sync
Long Frame Sync is the name given to a clocking format that controls the transfer of PCM data
words or
samples. In Long Frame Sync, the rising edge of PCM_SYNC indicates the start of the PCM word.
When
WRAP THOR 2022-1 is configured as PCM Master, generating PCM_SYNC and PCM_CLK, then
PCM_SYNC is 8-bits long. When WRAP THOR 2022-1 is configured as PCM Slave, PCM_SYNC
may be from two consecutive falling edges of PCM_CLK to half the PCM_SYNC rate (i.e., 62.5os)
long.
Figure 18: Long Frame Sync (Shown with 8-bit Companded Sample)
WRAP THOR 2022-1 samples PCM_IN on the falling edge of PCM_CLK and transmits
PCM_OUT on the rising edge. PCM_OUT may be configured to be high impedance on the falling
edge of PCM_CLK in the LSB position or on the rising edge.
12.2 SHORT FRAME SYNC
In Short Frame Sync the falling edge of PCM_SYNC indicates the start of the PCM word.
PCM_SYNC is always one clock cycle long.
Figure 19: Short Frame Sync (Shown with 16-bit Sample)
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As with Long Frame Sync, WRAP THOR 2022-1 samples PCM_IN on the falling edge of
PCM_CLK and transmits PCM_OUT on the rising edge. PCM_OUT may be configured to be high
impedance on the falling edge of PCM_CLK in the LSB position or on the rising edge.
12.3 MULTI-SLOT OPERATION
More than one SCO connection over the PCM interface is supported using multiple slots. Up to
three SCO
connections can be carried over any of the first four slots.
Figure 20: Multi-slot Operation with Two Slots and 8-bit Companded Samples
12.4 GCI INTERFACE
WRAP THOR 2022-1 is compatible with the General Circuit Interface, a standard synchronous
2B+D ISDN timing interface. The two 64Kbps B channels can be accessed when this mode is
configured. In the GCI interface two clock cycles are required for each bit of the voice sample. The
voice sample format is 8-bit companded. As for the standard PCM interface up to 3 SCO
connections can be carried over the first four slots.
Figure 21: CGI Interface
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The start of frame is indicated by PCM_SYNC and runs at 8kHz. With WRAP THOR 2022-1 in
Slave mode, the frequency of PCM_CLK can be up to 4.096MHz. In order to configure the PCM
interface to work in GCI mode it is necessary to set GCI_MODE bit in PSKEY_PCM_CONFIG32.
The SAMPLE_FORMAT bits should be set to 0x0b01 to allow for the double clocking of each.
12.5 SLOTS AND SAMPLE FORMATS
WRAP THOR 2022-1 can receive and transmit on any selection of the first four slots following
each sync pulse. Slot durations can be either 8 or 16 clock cycles. Durations of 8 clock cycles may
only be used with 8-bit sample formats. Durations of 16 clocks may be used with 8, 13 or 16-bit
sample formats.
WRAP THOR 2022-1 supports 13-bit linear, 16-bit linear and 8-bit o-law or A-law sample formats.
The sample rate is 8ksamples/s. The bit order may be little or big endian. When 16-bit slots are
used, the 3 or 8 unused bits in each slot may be filled with sign extension, padded with zeros or a
programmable 3-bit audio attenuation compatible with some Motorola CODECs.
Figure 22: 16-bit Slot Length and Sample Formats
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12.6 ADDITIONAL FEATURES
WRAP THOR 2022-1 has a mute facility that forces PCM_OUT to be 0. In Master mode,
PCM_SYNC may also be forced to 0 while keeping PCM_CLK running (which some CODECS
use to control power-down).
12.7 PCM TIMING INFORMATION
PCM Master Timing
Note:
(1) Assumes normal system clock operation. Figures will vary during low power modes, when
system clock
speeds are reduced.
(2) Valid for temperatures between -40°C and +105°C
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Figure 23: PCM Master Timing
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PCM Slave Timing
(1) Valid for temperatures between -40°C and +105°C
Figure 24: PCM Slave Timing
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13 PIO
The Parallel Input Output (PIO) Port is a general-purpose I/O interface to WRAP THOR 2022-1.
The port consists of six programmable, bi-directional I/O lines, PIO[2:7].
Programmable I/O lines can be accessed either via an embedded application running on WRAP
THOR 2022-1 or via private channel or manufacturer-specific HCI commands.
PIO[2]/USB_PULL_UP (1)
This is a multifunction terminal. The function depends on whether WRAP THOR 2022-1 is a USB
or UART capable version. On UART versions, this terminal is a programmable I/O. On USB
versions, it can drive a pull-up resistor on USB_D+. For application using external RAM this
terminal may be programmed for chip select.
PIO[3]/USB_WAKE_UP (1)
This is a multifunction terminal. On UART versions of WRAP THOR 2022-1 this terminal is a
programmable I/O. On USB versions, its function is selected by setting the Persistent Store Key
PSKEY_USB_PIO_WAKEUP (0x2cf) either as a programmable I/O or as a USB_WAKE_UP
function.
PIO[4]/USB_ON (1)
This is a multifunction terminal. On UART versions of WRAP THOR 2022-1 this terminal is a
programmable I/O. On USB versions, the USB_ON function is also selectable (see USB Interface
section 9.6).
PIO[5]/USB_DETACH (1)
This is a multifunction terminal. On UART versions of WRAP THOR 2022-1 this terminal is a
programmable I/O. On USB versions, the USB_DETACH function is also selectable (see USB
Interface section 9.6).
PIO[6]/CLK_REQ
This is multifunction terminal, its function is determined by Persistent Store Keys. Using
PSKEY_CLOCK_REQUEST_ENABLE, (0x246) this terminal can be configured to be low when
WRAP THOR 2022-1 is in deep sleep and high when a clock is required. The clock must be
supplied within 4ms of the rising edge of PIO[6] to avoid losing timing accuracy in certain
Bluetooth operating modes.
PIO[7]
Programmable I/O terminal.
Note:
(1) USB functions can be software mapped to any PIO terminal.
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14 APPROVAL INFORMATION
Installation of the module
The module is intended only for installation inside equipment.
Bluetooth qualification
The Board-to-board module is Bluetooth qualified and listed as an end product. If not modified in
any way, it is a complete Bluetooth entity, containing both functionality as well as the whole RFpart including the antenna.
This means: If the module is used without modification of any kind, it does not need any Bluetooth
approval work.
If changes are made in the parameter set, added profiles or in the antenna design, it is required to be
submitted to a BQB (Bluetooth Qualification Body) for evaluation on what needs to be tested.
CE marking
The B2B module carries the CE marking. The module has been submitted to the Notified Body No.
0682
FCC statement
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
The FCC requires the user to be notified that any changes or modifications made to this
device that are not expressly approved by Bluegiga Technologies may void the user's
authority to operate the equipment.
FCC ID: QOQWRAO2022-1-B2B
Industry Canada
The Canadian registration number is:
IC: 5123A-20221B2B
© 2004 BlueGiga Technologies.
WRAP and WRAP THOR are trademarks of BlueGiga Technologies Oy.
The Bluetooth trademark is owned by Bluetooth SIG Inc., USA, and is licensed to BlueGiga
Technologies. Linux is a trademark of Linus Torvalds.
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