Symbol Technologies LA5127A2 802.11b/g Compact Flash Radio Card User Manual LA 5127 Integration Guide

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REVISION HISTORY
REV
DESCRIPTION
2.1
Original Draft - MZ
2.2
Comments from Regulatory
DATE
APPROVED
March 23,
2007
July 12,2007
THE INFORMATION IN THIS GUIDE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT ANY
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ANY KIND INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, OR
FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL SYMBOL BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, LOSS OF
INFORMATION) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE
INFORMATION IN THIS GUIDE, EVEN IF SYMBOL HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. BECAUSE SOME JURISDICTIONS PROHIBIT
THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
Symbol further does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the information, text,
graphics, or other items contained within this Guide. Symbol may make changes to this
Guide, or to the products and/or Software described therein, at any time without notice.
Symbol makes no commitment to update the Information
LA-5127 Integration Guide
LA-5127 Integration Guide
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Table of Contents
1.
2.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND
1.2
PURPOSE
1.3
PART NUMBERS
1.4
KEY FEATURES AND STANDARDS SUPPORTED
1.5
USER PROFILES
ARCHITECTURE
4.
2.1
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
2.2
HARDWARE ENVIRONMENT
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.2.5
2.2.6
2.2.7
2.2.8
2.2.9
3.
Introduction
Card Dimensions
Card Physical
Antenna Connectors (non-embedded antenna version)
Antenna Requirements
TX & RX Diversity
Operating Channels
Electrical Interface
Bluetooth Coexistence and Wake-on-WLAN
DESIGN OVERVIEW
3.1
TRANSMITTER PATH
10
3.2
RECEIVE PATH
10
3.3
MICROPROCESSOR CONTROL
10
3.4
FREQUENCY GENERATION
11
RF SIGNAL PERFORMANCE
11
4.1
SPECIFICATIONS
11
4.2
I/O SIGNALS
12
5.
PRODUCT POWER REQUIREMENTS
14
6.
LINUX SOFTWARE SUPPORT
14
7.
6.1
LINUX PRE- REQUISITES
14
6.2
LA 5127 LINUX SOFTWARE COMPONENTS
14
6.3
LINUX SOFTWARE INSTALLATION
15
6.4
LINUX CARD CONFIGURATION
16
WINCE SOFTWARE SUPPORT
16
7.1
WINCE DRIVER INSTALLATION:
16
7.2
WINCE CARD CONFIGURATION:
17
7.3
WINCE REGULATORY SUPPORT SOFTWARE
17
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8.
ANTENNA REQUIREMENTS FOR THE EXTERNAL ANTENNA VERSION
18
9.
REGULATORY
19
9.1
FINAL PRODUCT COMPLIANCE
19
9.2
REFERENCE ANTENNA (APPLICABLE TO CONNECTOR VERSION CARD)
21
9.3
REGULATORY STANDARDS
22
9.4
REGULATORY APPROVALS
22
9.4.1
Initial Release
22
9.5
RADIO CARD REGULATORY MARKINGS
23
9.6
NATIONAL COUNTRY REQUIREMENTS
23
9.6.1
9.6.2
9.6.3
9.6.4
9.6.5
9.7
United States of America
Canada
European Union
Japan
Australia
STATEMENTS REQUIRED FOR THE USER GUIDE
9.7.1
9.7.2
9.7.3
9.7.4
General Statements
FCC Statements
Industry Canada Statements
European Statements
MARKING AND EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA (EEA)
23
24
26
27
27
29
29
29
30
32
32
Restrictions for use
32
Statement of Compliance (embedded radio card, Model: LA-5127C2 / LA-5127A2 )
32
10.
RELIABILITY
32
11.
RECOMMENDED DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
33
12.
APPENDIX 1: EVM DEGRADATION VS. ANTENNA VSWR
33
13.
APPENDIX 2: PRODUCT MECHANICAL INTERFACE DRAWING
34
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1. Introduction
1.1 Background
LA-5127 is the next generation CF client card for embedded solutions and is
intended for OEM customers.
1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to define the functional characteristics
(electrical, mechanical, software interfaces) of the LA-5127 CF Card and provide
regulatory information helpful to OEM customers to integrate or embed the CF
card in a variety of systems. A section outlining Good Design Practices is also
incorporated to help with the overall integration of the device.
1.3 Part Numbers
LA-5127 CF card will come in two SKUs:
Part Number
LA-5127-1002
LA-5127-1020
SKU
External Antenna Version
Internal Antenna Version
1.4 Key Features and Standards supported
LA-5127 CF Card supports all required modes of operation as an 802.11g Mobile
Unit (MU). In 802.11g mode, the radio supports three different modulation
modes: Legacy 1 and 2Mbps, Complimentary Code Keying (CCK), and
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). The radio supports the
following 12 data rates in 802.11b/g mode:
Data Rate (Mbps)
5.5
11
12
18
24
36
Modulation
DBPSK
DQPSK
CCK
OFDM with BPSK Carrier Modulation
OFDM with BPSK Carrier Modulation
CCK
OFDM with QPSK Carrier Modulation
OFDM with QPSK Carrier Modulation
OFDM with 16QAM Carrier Modulation
OFDM with 16QAM Carrier Modulation
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48
54
OFDM with 64QAM Carrier Modulation
OFDM with 64QAM Carrier Modulation
LA-5127 CF Card supports station operation in Continuous Aware Mode (CAM)
and Fast Power-Save and Max Power-Save modes.
Other features and standards supported:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
802.11b/g
802.11d
Robust roaming and dynamic rate switching
Range up to 300 ft./91m in standard office environments
Data security using WEP data encryption and Wireless Protected Access
(WPA) and 802.11i (WPA2) with advance encryption standard (AES)
Advance authentication using 802.1x
Advanced Power Management for very low power consumption
16 bit host interface using CF mode (16-bit PC-Card® Interface)
Driver/Firmware supports Linux 2.4 and Windows CE Embedded 5.0
1.5 User Profiles
•
The LA-5127 product is optimized for embedded, mobile enterprise and industrial
applications where security, feature and technical service are required.
•
Mobile workers in healthcare, education, retail, manufacturing, hospitality and
other industries with 802.11b, and 802.11g wireless LAN access.
•
Corporate Symbol device users with Wi-Fi wireless LAN access at the office, or
with a subscription to a public wireless LAN.
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2. Architecture
2.1 System Architecture
Figure 1 depicts the top-level architecture of the LA-5127 CF card.
SDRAM
To Antenna
(Antenna Version)
CF Host I/F
2.4GHz
Transceiver
Baseband & MAC
RF
FEM
To RF Connectors
(Connector Version)
EEPROM
32.768Khz
Clock
40Mhz
Clock
Figure 1
As shown, LA-5127 CF card consists of all of the integrated circuits necessary to
provide WLAN transceiver functionality for 2.4GHz band. The Wireless LAN
integrated Media Access Controller with Baseband processor directly interfaces
with the Dual Band Direct Conversion transceiver. With the addition of RF Frontend Module (FEM), LA-5127 CF card incorporates the WLAN chip set solution
compliant with 802.11b/g standards.
The 40MHz crystal controlled clock provides the necessary clocks for both the
PLL and the baseband & MAC chip. The SDRAM provides additional memory to
support SHoC (Self Hosted Client) operation. Not shown in the figure are the
necessary voltage regulators that provide various supply voltages for the chips.
The regulators require 3.3V input supply.
The EEPROM is used to hold radio information including radio calibration
information done at the automatic manufacturing test step.
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2.2 Hardware Environment
2.2.1 Introduction
LA-5127 CF card can be used in handheld mobile devices to provide wireless
network access. LA-5127 communicates using Radio Frequencies (RF) between
two or more users or between a user and the wired network. The module
implements the IEEE802.11g physical (RF) specification. The chipset used
provides for modulation, demodulation, spreading and despreading of the RF
signals.
2.2.2 Card Dimensions
LA-5127 is a modified type I CFA card. See Appendix 2 for Mechanical Interface
Drawing.
2.2.3 Card Physical
2.2.3.1 Operational Environment
(Note: The product is not required to be powered during test activities. Only
parameters marked by an * shall be powered during testing. Testing per Symbol
Qualification Test Standard SS-03800-74.)
•
0 to +55 degrees C max operating* (card installed environment)
•
95% RH non-condensing*
•
Altitude to withstand 8,000 ft @ 28 degrees Celsius*
•
Vibration to withstand .02g2/Hz, random, sine, 20-2k Hz
•
Bench drop 36 inches to concrete @ -20, 23, 50 degrees Celsius
•
Mechanical shock to withstand 50 G peak, 11 ms, half sine
•
Card bend to withstand 4.4lbs, 1 min, per PCMCIA STD 3.6.2.14
•
Card torque to withstand 11 in.-lbs., per PCMCIA STD 3.6.2.16
•
No water/rain/insect resistance (Damp cloth cleaning OK)
•
No chemical resistance (Light cleaning solutions OK)
•
Loose cargo/packaged to withstand 6 foot drop
•
ESD to withstand 1.5KV contact per PCMCIA/CF Specification
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2.2.3.2 Storage Environment
•
-20 to +65 degrees C temperature range
•
95% RH non-condensing humidity
•
Altitude to withstand 15,000 ft
2.2.4 Antenna Connectors (non-embedded antenna version)
LA-5127-1002 CF card (External Antenna Version) supports 2 RF connectors
(Hirose U.FL-R-SMT, or equivalent). The antennas can be attached to the card
through the connectors. There are two connectors on the LA-5127-1002 unit.
Note on sharing antennas: Antenna sharing with other radio modules is not
supported on LA-5127 with other radio modules.
2.2.5 Antenna Requirements
For detailed antenna requirements please refer to section 8.1.3.
Regulatory Note: Many country regulations require special testing and reporting
of antenna performance or of the system with the antenna attached. Please
check the appropriate regulatory authority or contact Symbol for more
information.
2.2.6 TX & RX Diversity
TX & RX Diversity is only supported on the connector version of the LA-5127
(LA-5127-1002).
2.2.7 Operating Channels
Channel
Number
10
Channel
Frequency
(MHz)
2412
2417
2422
2427
2432
2437
2442
2447
2452
2457
Countries
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
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11
12
13
14
2462
2467
2472
2484
USA, Canada, EU, Japan
EU, Japan
EU, Japan
Japan
Table 1. IEEE 802.11g Channels
2.2.8 Electrical Interface
The electrical interface for LA-5127 is PC16. The chipset used supports this
interface; therefore no external component is required. The host must support the
PC16 interface as well. The card uses only the 16-bit interface.
2.2.9 Bluetooth Coexistence and Wake-on-WLAN
LA-5127 hardware is being designed to support these features for future software
implementation. AT THIS TIME THESE FEATURES ARE NOT SUPPORTED BY
THE SOFTWARE.
Three GPIO pins have been assigned to support the BT Coexistence. The
following is the assignment to support the BT Coexistence with Broadcom’s
BCM2045 BT module:
GPIO 2-3: BT0 (Tx Config) (Connected to pin A10 on CF interface)
GPIO 2-4: BT1 (Status) (Connected to pin CSEL on CF interface)
GPIO 2-5: BT2 (RF Active) (Connected to pin SPKR on CF interface)
The following GPIO signal is also available for Wake-on-WLAN functionality:
GPIO 2-11: WOL (Connected to STSCHG on CF interface)
3. Design Overview
The chipset used implements a dual band direct conversion transceiver
supporting 2.4GHz band. The chipset uses “Zero Intermediate Frequency (ZIF)
architecture for the radio. The architecture contains low-noise amplifiers, quad
up/down converters, frequency synthesizers, low-pass filters, baseband AGC
receiver amplifiers, transmit/receive switches, and transmitter power amplifiers.
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The 802.11 WLAN MAC protocol is implemented in firmware supporting BSS and
IBSS operation. Low-level protocol functions such as request to send (RTS)/clear
to send (CTS) generation and acknowledgement, fragmentation and defragmentation, and automatic beacon monitoring are handled without host
intervention.
3.1 Transmitter Path
After the Medium Access Controller (MAC) receives the data from the host
computer through CF interface, the MAC appends a preamble and header and
sends the data to the Base-Band Processor (BBP).
The radio supports the legacy and CCK data rates in 2.4GHz and the OFDM
data modulation modes for 2.4GHz band.
The CCK mode transmitter is a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) PSK
modulator when in CCK mode supporting 5.5Mbps and 11Mbps. It also supports
DBPSK for 1Mbps and DQPSK for 2Mbps. The preamble is always transmitted
as the DBPSK waveform and the header can be configured as DBPSK or
DQPSK while the data packets can be DBPSK, DQPSK, or CCK.
The OFDM transmitter supports BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM or 64QAM modulation.
The OFDM transmitter operates in 2.4GHz band providing 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36,
48, and 54Mbps data rates. The OFDM signal is fed to a pair of Digital to Analog
Converters (DACs) to produce the In Phase (I) and the Quadrature (Q) signals.
The TX signals are then amplified by the PA and routed through the diplexer to
the dual band antenna for transmission.
3.2 Receive Path
The received signal from the antenna is fed to the diplexer, which separates the
signal path for the low band (2.4GHz) and the high band (5.2GHz). The signal is
then fed to a filter/balun in the low band and to a balun in the high band path. The
signal then goes to the transceiver chip for direct down conversion for both low
and high bands. The design contains LNAs, Quad Up/Down Converters,
Synthesizers, Low-Pass Filters, and Baseband AGC Receiver Amplifiers.
3.3 Microprocessor Control
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The baseband and MAC chip contains an ARM946E processor core and the
SRAM required for implementing the Media Access Control (MAC) functionality.
The embedded firmware runs the 802.11 MAC layer control. The MAC control
sends and receives packets and transfers data to and from the CF interface to
the host computer of the handheld device.
3.4 Frequency Generation
The MAC & Baseband chip has the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) required
for the design. The VCO operates in one of the two ranges: 9648 to 9936MHz
(4X channel frequency for low-band) or 9900 to 11,800MHz (2X channel
frequency for high band). The Synthesizer circuit uses the 40MHz crystal
oscillator to phase lock the VCO to produce accurate channel frequency for the
radio. The frequency range in the low-band is covered in two MHz steps (1MHz
at the channel frequency) and in the high-band the LO frequency is covered in
five MHz steps (2.5MHz at the channel frequency).
4. RF Signal Performance
4.1 Specifications
Unless otherwise stated the following specifications hold over 0C to +55C,
and 3.3V +/- 5%. This environment is defined as the specific temperature
envelope containing the LA-5127 radio product. If embedded within a host
product, this envelope is the internal ambient temperature of the host under
the hosts operating conditions.
Description
Functional
Continuous Transmit Current
(OFDM 54Mbps)
Continuous Transmit Current
(CCK/DS 11Mbps)
Continuous Receive Current
(OFDM 54Mbps)
Continuous Receive Current
(CCK/DS 11Mbps)
Continuous Ping (10,000 size) TX
54Mbps
Continuous Ping (10,000 size) RX
54Mbps
Max in-rush current
Supply Voltage
Typ
Max
Unit
481
580
mA
501
600
mA
281
340
mA
281
340
mA
328
390
mA
304
370
mA
165
200
mA
3.13
3.47
Volts
Comments
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Receiver (“Legacy” 802.11b mode):
Sensitivity, 11 Mbps
-79
Sensitivity, 5.5 Mbps
-82
Sensitivity, 2 Mbps
-83
Sensitivity, 1 Mbps
-86
Transmitter (“Legacy” 802.11b mode):
Power Level, 0C to +55C
12
-10
-10
-10
-10
dBm
8% PER 1024 Octets
0C to 55C
16
dBm
RF Power will have the appropriate
back-off to meet the regulatory
requirements at the band edges.
-15
-15
-15
-15
-15
-15
-15
-15
dBm
10% PER for 1000 bytes
0C to +55C
Receiver (802.11g OFDM mode):
Sensitivity, 54 Mbps
-65
Sensitivity, 48 Mbps
-66
Sensitivity, 36 Mbps
-70
Sensitivity, 24 Mbps
-74
Sensitivity, 18 Mbps
-77
Sensitivity, 12 Mbps
-79
Sensitivity, 9 Mbps
-81
Sensitivity, 6 Mbps
-82
Transmitter (802.11g OFDM mode):
Power Level, 54Mbps
10
Power Level, 48Mbps
10
Power Level, 36Mbps
11
Power Level, 24Mbps
11
Power Level, 18Mbps
12
Power Level, 12Mbps
12
Power Level, 9Mbps
13
Power Level, 6Mbps
13
12
12
13
13
15
15
16
16
dBm
Power output measured at relative
constellation error specifications.
IEEE 802.11g, 17.3.9.6.3
0C to +55C
RF Power will have the appropriate
back-off to meet the regulatory
requirements at the band edges.
4.2 I/O Signals
The following table describes the I/O signals for I/O mode operation:
Pin #
10
11
12
Signal Name
GND
D03
D04
D05
D06
D07
CE1J
A10
OEJ
A09
A08
A07
Pin Type
DC In
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
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13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
VCC
A06
A05
A04
A03
A02
A01
A00
D00
D01
D02
WP / IOIS16J
CD2J
CD1J
D11
D12
D13
D14
D15
CE2J
VS1J
IORDJ
IOWRJ
WEJ
RDYJ / BSYJ / IREQJ
VCC
CSELJ
VS2J
RESET
WAITJ
INPACKJ
REGJ
SPKRJ
STSCHGJ
D08
D09
D10
GND
DC In
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O\
I/O
I/O
Out
DC In
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
DC In
Please refer to the Mechanical Drawing section (Appendix 2) for Pin
orientation.
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5. Product Power Requirements
Depends on operating mode, network/traffic load and platform implementation.
The following table lists the typical current consumption under the specified
usage model:
Usage Model
Power Save Idle
CAM mode (20% TX duty cycle)
CAM mode (20% RX duty cycle)
Current Consumption (mA)
(5sec average)
17
298
296
6. Linux Software Support
6.1 Linux Pre- Requisites
The following are the pre-requisites needed to bring up the LA 5127 CF adapter
under Linux environment:
1.
2.
3.
4.
PCMCIA enabled in the kernel
Linux kernel 2.4.22 or later
Netlink enabled in the kernel if WPA supplicant is to be used
Compiler and make utilities to build the driver, wireless tools, WPA
supplicant and OpenSSL sources
6.2 LA 5127 Linux Software Components
1. Driver sources
The drivers will be supported on Red Hat 9 distribution of Linux based
on 2.4 kernels. Sources for the driver will be provided.
2. Firmware Binary
Firmware binary which has the complete 802.11 MAC implementation
for LA 5127 adapter.
3. Sample applications - getoid, setoid
These are used for configuration and monitoring the adapter. These
applications invoke the APIs (OIDs) to set or get information from the
adapter. Refer to the API Reference Guide document for further
information.
4. OpenSSL sources
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OpenSSL sources in tar.gz format. OpenSSL is a cryptography toolkit
implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport
Layer Security (TLS v1) network protocols and related cryptography
standards required by them.
5. Wireless Tools sources
These are a set of tools that controls the LA-5127 adapter using
Wireless Extensions API.
6. WPA Supplicant sources
WPA supplicant is the IEEE 802.1X / WPA component that is used in
the client stations. It implements key negotiation with a WPA
Authenticator and it controls the IEEE 802.11 authentication /
association of the wireless LAN driver.
This supplicant sources will also include a LA 5127 “WPA driver”, so
that the WPA supplicant can work seamlessly with the LA 5127
adapter.
7. Documents
• LA 5127 User Guide
This document provides information needed to install and
configure the software for LA 5127 adapter
• LA 5127 API Reference Guide
This document provides information to invoke the APIs
(OIDs) to get or set information on the LA 5127 adapter
• LA 5127 Host Interface Guide
This document gives the details on how the host interfaces
with LA 5127 adapter
• LA 5127 Integration Guide
6.3 Linux Software Installation
A tar.gz package will contain the driver sources for LA 5127 adapter for Linux
Red Hat 9 distribution. The driver shall be compiled from the release package
and installed (see README file). The LA5127 User Guide gives detailed
instructions on the installation of :
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Driver
PCMCIA
Hotplug
WPA Supplicant
Wireless Tools
OpenSSL
Linux kernel 2.4.31
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6.4 Linux Card Configuration
LA 5127 adapter supports Wireless Extensions API in Linux. The OEMs can use
the standard Wireless Extensions API to configure LA 5127 adapter
OR
Use the driver APIs to configure the card through application sample getoid /
setoid programs. LA 5127 API Reference Guide gives detailed description of
APIs.
Refer to the LA 5127 User Guide, for configuring the card, and it involves :
•
•
•
•
•
Configuring card services
Configuring hotplug
Configuring WPA supplicant
Configuring card/driver using Wireless Tools
Configuring card/driver using getoid / setoid OR API’s
7. WinCE Software Support
Driver support for the 5127 radio is available for Windows CE Embedded 5.0.
The supplied driver has been compliled for and ARMV4I processor.
If the OEM wishes to have drivers for specific operating systems not currently
supported, Symbol provides custom software development services. A
development and support contract needs to be worked through in conjunction
with the local OEM account manager. The OEM can leverage Symbol’s
extensive expertise in Wireless LAN development and maximize benefits.
7.1 WinCE Driver Installation:
The 5127 NDIS miniport driver are released as a set of platform flash images.
The OS platform is the delivery mechanism therefore an isolated install of the
software is not required.
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7.2 WinCE Card Configuration:
Device configuration is made using a built-in Microsoft OS WLAN configuration
service (i.e. a utility) commonly known as Wireless Zero Configuration (WCZ).
WZC allows a wireless device to connect to an existing wireless network, change
wireless network connection settings, configure a new wireless network
connection, and specify preferred wireless networks. WZC will also notify the
user when new wireless networks are available. Once a desired wireless
network is selected, WZC will automatically configure the wireless card to match
the setting of the network and will attempt a network connection.
7.3 WinCE Regulatory Support Software
The WinCE™ 5.0 regulatory support consists of the functionality of the cTxRx
(Continuous Transmit and Receive) application that runs on Full Windows. The
CEcTxRx communicates with the Symbol transport driver that in turn
communicates with the Conexant’s Manufacturing and Test Upper MAC (MTUM)
driver to give the application control of the Photon hardware.
The CEcTxRx application provides configuration file based control that sets up
the radio to produce continuous transmission of random patterns, continuous
transmission of single tone (CW), continuous transmission of predefined packets
with a settable interval between the packets, and continuous reception of 802.11
type packets.
Regulatory testing can also be achieved using a remote application for platforms
that have small or no displays. This is done using a RAPI connection over the
USB. It allows a remote application running on a Windows computer to control
the radio in the same way as the CEcTxRx application.
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8. Antenna requirements for the external antenna version
The following table summarizes the guidelines for the Antenna design:
Comments
Frequency Bands
Nominal Impedance
VSWR
Gain (Peak)
2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz
50 ohms
Less than 2.0:1
2.1dBi
Required for 802.11g support
Across bands
Includes coax cable/connector RF
losses
Vertical component or Horizontal
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9. Regulatory
Legal Disclaimer: This Guide may contain information on regulatory matters. The
information should be used with the understanding that Symbol is not engaged in
rendering any legal, regulatory or other professional opinion. Each country has
specific laws and regulations governing the use of radio communications. Please
consult the official code for each country of interest. Symbol does not warrant
the accuracy of the information contained herein and accepts no liability or
responsibility for any use or misuse of the information
Symbol’s wireless network devices are designed to be compliant with rules and
regulations in locations they are sold.
Any changes or modifications to Symbol Technologies equipment, not expressly
approved by Symbol Technologies, could void the user’s authority to operate the
equipment.
The OEM integrator must NOT provide information in the user guide of the
end product regarding how to install or remove this RF module.
9.1 Final Product Compliance
The model numbers used for Regulatory Approvals are:
LA-5127C2 (connector version)
LA-5127A2 (antenna version)
The LA-5127 has been regulatory approved for OEM integrations which meet the
following conditions:
1. The radio integration is embedded
2. The antenna must be installed such that 20 cm is maintained between the
antenna and users
3. The ‘Type’ and ‘Gain’ of the antenna selected for the integration of the
external antenna must meet the requirements as detailed in section 9.2.
Used outside of these conditions will trigger re-approval. Symbol advises the use
of an accredited test laboratory for advice. Be prepared, the certification process
for your product may take from a few weeks to several months.
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AS THE INTEGRATOR, YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE TO DETERMINE WHAT
ADDITIONAL SPECIFIC REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS ARE REQUIRED
OF THE COUNTRY IN WHICH YOUR PRODUCT WILL BE MARKETED.
FINAL PRODUCT MAY REQUIRE NON-RADIO FREQUENCY APPROVALS
SUCH AS PRODUCT SAFETY, EMC, AND SAR.
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9.2 Reference Antenna (applicable to connector version card)
A reference antenna has been used during the approval process for the
connector version radio card.
Specific details of the reference antenna used for testing is detailed in the table
below.
Important Note:
Use of an antenna which is the same ‘type’ (eg. Dipole) and has a gain equal to
or less that the reference antenna can be used without recertification.
Note: The Adapter cable must be considered as it is part of the system gain.
Use of an alternative antenna, different ‘type’ or same ‘type’ but higher gain will
invalidate the country approvals. Under this instant the OEM integrator is
responsible for re-evaluating the end product and obtaining separate approvals.
Antenna Type: Dipole
Antenna Characteristics:
Antenna gain and Cable loss:
ML-2452-APA2-01@2.4GHz
gain(dBi) Cable loss(dB) Net gain(dB)
0.9
2.1
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9.3 Regulatory Standards
LA-5127 has been approved to comply with the standards listed below
Electrical Safety:
RF
Certified to UL / cUL 60950-1, IEC / EN60950-1
USA: FCC Part 15.247
Canada: RSS-210
EU: EN 300 328-1
Japan: ARIB STD-T33, ARIB STD-T66
Australia: AS/NZS 4268
EMI/EMS:
North America: FCC Part 15
Canada: ICES 003 Class B
EU: EN55022 Class B, EN 301 489-1, EN 310 489-17,
EN 60601-1-2
Australia: AS/NZS CISPRA 22
RF Exposure
USA: FCC Part 2, FCC OET Bulletin 65 Supplement C
Canada: RSS-102
EU: EN 50392
Australia: AS/NZ 2772.1, ARPANSA
(applicable to Integrated
antenna version only)
9.4 Regulatory Approvals
The LA-5127 will be approved in the countries identified in the tables below.
9.4.1 Initial Release
LA-5127
European Union
(EU) countries
(including EEA countries)
Directive 1999/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the
council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and
telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual
recognition of their conformity.
(also referred to as the R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC)
USA – North
America
Canada
Japan
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), US Equipment
Authorization
Industry Canada (IC)
Telecom Engineering Center (TELEC) Ordinance of
Technical regulations Conformity Certification, Articles 1 & 2.
Australia
Australian Communications Authority, Class License
For countries outside USA, Canada, European Economic Area, Japan or Australia
consult your local Symbol representative
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9.5 Radio Card Regulatory Markings
Regulatory markings are applied to the device signifying the radio (s) is approved
for use in the following countries: United States, Canada, Australia, Japan and
Europe. 1
Please refer to the Symbol Declaration of Conformity (DoC) for details of other
country markings. This is available at http://www2.symbol.com/doc/.
Note1: Europe includes Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Cyprus,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
9.6 National Country Requirements
NOTE:
The sections below assume that the conditions detailed in section 9.1 are met.
9.6.1 United States of America
The radio card is already approved under the requirements of the FCC.
End-product requirements with this module installed should include:
• FCC Part 15 (emissions class B)
Final product markings must include:
Integral Antenna
External Antenna
Contains an approved Radio Module
Model: LA-5127A2
FCC ID: H9PLA5127A2
Contains an approved Radio Module
Model: LA-5127C2
FCC ID: H9PLA5127C2
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Important Notes
1. Co-location
The FCC approval EXCLUDES co-location with any other transmitter.
If the LA5127 is co-located with another transmitter (eg, Bluetooth Module), the
OEM is integrator is responsible for re-evaluating the end product and obtaining
a separate FCC authorization.
Symbol recommends the use of an accredited Laboratory to carry out the
necessary tasks.
2. Portable Use
The FCC approval of the module covers ‘mobile’ use.
If the final product used in a manner where the antenna is closer than 20cm from
the user (portable use), the OEM is integrator is responsible for re-evaluating the
end product and obtaining a separate FCC authorization.
Symbol recommends the use of an accredited Laboratory to carry out the
necessary tasks.
3. Channels
For use in the USA the OEM must limit the available channels from 1 to 11
9.6.2 Canada
The radio part is already approved under the requirements of Industry Canada.
End-product requirements with this module installed should include:
• Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulations (ICES-003).
If the final product used in a manner where the antenna is closer than 20cm from
the user (portable use), the OEM is integrator is responsible for re-evaluating the
end product and obtaining a separate IC approval.
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Symbol recommends the use of an accredited Laboratory to carry out the
necessary tasks.
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Final product markings must include:
Integral Antenna
External Antenna
Contains an approved Radio Module
Model: LA-5127A2
IC: 1549D-LA5127A2
Contains an approved Radio Module
Model: LA-5127C2
IC: 1549D-LA5127C2
9.6.3 European Union
The radio part is already approved under the R&TTE Directive 99/5/EC.
The final product must comply with all applicable European Directives such as
EMC and Product Safety.
Care should be taken as a product might fall under the scope of other directives
or standards depending on the type of product e.g. Medical Directive, Potentially
Explosive Atmospheres etc.
End-product requirements with this module installed should include:
• EMC Tests (the applicable standard depends upon the intended operational
environment)
•
Electrical Safety Tests
EC Directives require integrators document their compliance activities in a
Technical Construction File (TCF).
Symbol will supply a copy of the following items covering the LA5127 Radio
Card:
• Notified Body Opinion (used to demonstrate compliance under the R&TTE Directive
for Radio, EMC and Product Health and Safety)
•
EU Declaration of Conformity
Important Note:
The OEM will be required to issue a ‘Declaration of Conformity’ to cover the final
product.
Final product markings must include:
Integral Antenna
External Antenna
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Contains an approved Radio Module
Model: LA-5127A2
Contains an approved Radio Module
Model: LA-5127C2
9.6.4 Japan
The radio part is already approved under the requirements of TELEC.
End-product requirements with this module installed may include:
• VCCI listing
Final product markings must include:
Translation
This product contains
an approved radio
module
9.6.5 Australia
A ‘compliance folder’ for the radio card is held by Symbol Technologies pty,
Australia who is registered with the ACA. The Symbol Manufacturer number is
N410.
The final product must comply with the ACA’s C-Tick compliance arrangements.
Compliance is demonstrated by the maintenance of a ‘compliance folder’ in
Australia.
The host product must be tested for EMC; the applicable standard depends upon
the intended operational environment.
End-product requirements required with this module installed may include:
• AS/NZS CISPR 22.
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ACA requires integrators document their compliance activities in a compliance
folder. The integrators folder shall include:
•
•
•
A statement ‘This product contains an approved RLAN Card,
Model: LA-5127C2 / LA-5127A2, Manufacturers code ‘N410’.
Symbol’s Australian Declaration of Conformity for the radio card.
Integrator to issue a ‘Declaration of Conformity’ to cover EMC for their final
product (Symbol will issue a Declaration of Conformity for the Radio Module,
which should be included in the compliance folder)
Product marking must be in accordance with the C-tick arrangements as any
other non-radio device.
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9.7 Statements required for the User Guide
The following statements are required in the final product user guide.
Many on the statements are dependent on the application of the final product.
Symbol recommends that the OEM seeks the advice from an accredited test
laboratory.
9.7.1 General Statements
Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by  , could void the
user’s authority to operate the equipment.
9.7.2 FCC Statements
Co-located statement
To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirement, the antenna used for
this transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other
transmitter/antenna except those already approved in this filling.
Handheld Devices
To comply with FCC RF exposure requirements, this device must be operated in
the hand with a minimum separation distance of 20 cm or more from a person’s
body. Other operating configurations should be avoided.
Remote and Standalone Antenna Configurations
To comply with FCC RF exposure requirements, antennas that are mounted
externally at remote locations or operating near users at stand-alone desktop of
similar configurations must operate with a minimum separation distance of 20 cm
from all persons.
Radio Frequency Interference Requirements – FCC
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Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio
frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However
there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If
this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception,
which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following
measures:
•
•
•
•
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which
the receiver is connected
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Radio Transmitters (Part 15)
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that
may cause undesired operation.
2.4GHz band operation
The available channels for 802.11 b/g operation in the US are Channels 1 to 11.
The range of channels is limited by firmware.
9.7.3 Industry Canada Statements
Radio Frequency Interference Requirements
This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du
Canada.
Radio Transmitters
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This device complies with RSS 210 of Industry & Science Canada.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause
harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Label Marking: The Term "IC:" before the radio certification only signifies that
Industry Canada technical specifications were met.
IC Radiation Exposure Statement (only applicable of mobile use only)
This equipment complies with IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an
uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with
minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body.
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Antenna (only if the antenna is detachable & selectable by the user)
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its
gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP)
is not more than that permitted for successful communication".
This radio module has been designed to operate with an antenna having a
maximum gain of 3 dBi. (when using an adaptor cable with cable loss of 0.9dB or
more)
Antenna having a higher gain is strictly prohibited per regulations of Industry
Canada. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.
9.7.4 European Statements
Marking and European Economic Area (EEA)
Restrictions for use
The use of 2.4GHz RLAN’s, for use through the EEA, have the following
restrictions:
•
•
•
Maximum radiated transmit power of 100 mW EIRP in the frequency range
2.400 -2.4835 GHz
France, outside usage is restricted to 2.4 – 2.454 GHz.
Italy requires a user license for outside usage.
Statement of Compliance (embedded radio card, Model: LA-5127C2 / LA5127A2 )
Symbol Technologies, Inc., hereby, declares that this device is in compliance with
the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC.
A Declaration of Conformity may be obtained from http://www2.symbol.com/doc/
10. Reliability
The MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure in hours) and FIT (Failure In Time) per one billion hours
are shown below:
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MTBF (Min)
FITs (Max)
Product Duty Cycle
25,000
40,000
100%
50,000
20,000
50%
125,000
8,000
20%
The above is for Temp = 40°C and 50% electrical stress.
11. Recommended Design Considerations
The following items are recommended for design consideration and integration of
the LA-5127:
1. Design and place the antenna (in the external antenna version) to
minimize the coupling back to the radio.
2. Locate the antenna to maintain the VSWR during normal use.
3. Consider human usage factors in placing the antenna/device in the
product.
4. Ensure power supply requirements are met and pay special attention to
turn-on/turn-off transients.
5. Assure that requirements are met as battery discharges.
6. Assure that radio is not subjected to temperatures exceeding its
specifications.
7. Radio temperature specification is based on free air – must be de-rated
based on internal temperature rise.
8. Assure that shock, vibration, etc. specifications are not exceeded as
mounted.
9. Assure that the mechanical design does not put pressure on the module
when mounted.
10. Ensure all operating and environmental conditions are met by design such
that the LA5127 is operating within the envelope of its operating
environment as specified in paragraph 2.2.3.1 herein.
11. The radiated EVM of the LA-5127 is dependent upon the coaxial cable
type, coaxial cable length, and the antenna VSWR. Even though an
antenna may meet the 2:1 VSWR specification, care must be taken to
select a coaxial cable type and length so that the desired radiated EVM
limits are met. Often, the length can be adjusted to optimize the radiated
EVM, with changes as small as .25 inch having measurable effects.
12. Appendix 1: EVM Degradation vs. Antenna VSWR
TBD.
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13. Appendix 2: Product Mechanical Interface Drawing
The following drawings show the Product physical size and shape, LED indicator
and connector locations and pin assignments. Red arrow shows the primary
antenna connector.
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