T L Parker RDX-V1 Mobile Transmitter User Manual Technical manual
T L Parker Ltd Mobile Transmitter Technical manual
Contents
Technical manual
™
Digital XTS 3000™
and XTS 3000 R™
Portable Radios
Detailed Service Manual
Foreword
The information contained in this manual relates to all ASTRO Digital XTS 3000™ portable radios, unless
otherwise specified. This manual provides sufficient information to enable service shop personnel to
troubleshoot and repair an ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 portable radio to the component level.
Safety Information
Before operating an ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 radio, please read the “Safety” section in the front of this
manual.
Manual Revisions
Changes which occur after this manual is printed are described in “FMRs.” These FMRs provide complete
information on changes, including pertinent parts list data.
Computer Software Copyrights
The Motorola products described in this manual may include copyrighted Motorola computer programs
stored in semiconductor memories or other media. Laws in the United States and other countries pre-
serve for Motorola certain exclusive rights for copyrighted computer programs, including the exclusive
right to copy or reproduce in any form the copyrighted computer program. Accordingly, any copy-
righted Motorola computer programs contained in the Motorola products described in this manual may
not be copied or reproduced in any manner without the express written permission of Motorola. Fur-
thermore, the purchase of Motorola products shall not be deemed to grant either directly or by implica-
tion, estoppel, or otherwise, any license under the copyrights, patents or patent applications of
Motorola, except for the normal non-exclusive royalty free license to use that arises by operation of law
in the sale of a product.
i
Table of Contents
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . inside front cover
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
List of Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
List of Schematics and Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Related Publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
Safety. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Portable Radio Model Numbering System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xiii
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model Chart (“A” Models). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model Chart (”B” Models). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xv
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 R (Ruggedized) Model Chart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 R (Ruggedized) Yellow Model Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii
Model History Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xviii
Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
1 - Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
Notations Used in This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-2
2 - General Overview of an ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Analog Mode of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
ASTRO Mode (Digital Mode) of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
Transceiver Board Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
Controller Board Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
Vocoder Board Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-5
Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-6
3 - Radio Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Introduction to This Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
B+ Routing for VHF/UHF Transceiver Boards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
B+ Routing for 800MHz Transceiver Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
B+ and +5V Routing for Controller and Vocoder Boards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
4 - VHF/UHF Transceiver Board Detailed Theory of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Introduction to This Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
Frequency Generation Unit (FGU). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
Antenna Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
® 1997, 1998, 2001 by Motorola Inc., Radio Products Group
8000 W. Sunrise Blvd., Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33322
Printed in U.S.A. 2/01
Detailed Service Manual
68P81083C90-A
ii
Receiver Front End . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Receiver Back End . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Harmonic Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
RF Power Amplifier Module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
ALC Circuits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
5 - 800MHz Transceiver Board Detailed Theory of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Introduction to This Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Frequency Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Antenna Switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Receiver Front End . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Receiver Back End . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
6 - Vocoder and Controller Boards Detailed Theory of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Introduction to This Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Vocoder Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Controller Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Switching Regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
RX Signal Path. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
TX Signal Path. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Controller Bootstrap and Asynchronous Buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Vocoder Bootstrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
SPI Bus Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Universal Connector and Option Selects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Keypad and Display Module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Controls and Control Top Flex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Controller Memory Map. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
Vocoder Memory Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
MCU System Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
DSP System Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
Radio Power-Up/
Power-Down Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20
7 - Secure Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Circuit Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Troubleshooting
Secure Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Error 09/10, Error 09/90. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Keyload. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
8 - Disassembly/Reassembly Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Introduction to this Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Disassembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
Ensuring Radio Submersibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
iii
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-5
Specialized Test Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-5
Vacuum Pump Kit, NLN9839. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-5
Pressure Pump Kit, NTN4265 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-5
Miscellaneous
Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-6
Disassembly and Reassembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-6
Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-6
Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-6
Vacuum Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-6
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-6
Conducting the Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-7
Pressure Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-7
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-7
Conducting the Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-8
Troubleshooting Leak Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9
Housing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9
Antenna Bushing Seal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9
Controls Seal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-9
Frequency Switch, Toggle, and On/Off/Volume Control Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-10
Main Seal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-11
Battery Contact and Battery Contact Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-11
Keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-11
Vacuum Port Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-12
Vent Port Seal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-12
9 - Troubleshooting Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
Introduction to This Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-1
Handling Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-1
Voltage Measurement and Signal Tracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-2
Power-Up Self-Check Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-3
Power-Up Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-3
Standard Bias Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-6
10 - Troubleshooting Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Introduction to This Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-1
List of Troubleshooting Charts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-1
11 - Troubleshooting Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Introduction to This Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-1
Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-1
12 - Troubleshooting Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
Introduction to This Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-1
13 - Interconnect Diagram, Schematics with Parts Lists, Circuit Board Details,
Exploded Views with Parts Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1
Related Publications
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I User’s Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68P81083C70
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III User’s Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68P81083C75
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Portable Radios Basic Service Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68P81083C85
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II User’s Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68P81083C94
iv
List of Figures
Figure 1 Controller Board/Vocoder Board Interconnection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Figure 2 B+ Routing for VHF/UHF Transceiver Boards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Figure 3 B+ Routing for 800MHz Transceiver Boards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Figure 4 B+ Routing for Controller Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Figure 5 +5V Routing for Vocoder Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Figure 6 Vocoder Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Figure 7 Controller Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Figure 8 Audio Power Amplifier Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Figure 9 DSP RSSI Port - RX Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Figure 10 DSP RSSI Port - TX Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Figure 11 Host SB9600 and RS232 Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Figure 12 Universal (Side) Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Figure 13 Controller Connector —- J101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
Figure 14 Control Top Flex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Figure 15 Controller Memory Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
Figure 16 Vocoder Memory Mapping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
List of Tables
Table 1 Option Select Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Table 2 Submersible Radio Torque Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
Table 3 Power-Up Self-Check Error Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
Table 4 Standard Operating Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-6
List of Schematics, Circuit Boards, Exploded Views,
and Parts Lists
Radio Interconnect Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2
NLD8898B/C/D VHF RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-3
NLD8898B/C/D VHF RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-4
NLD8898B/C/D VHF RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3 of 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-5
NLD8898B/C/D VHF RF Board Component Location Detail and Parts List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-6
NLD8898H VHF RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-8
NLD8898H VHF RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-9
NLD8898H VHF RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-10
NLD8898H VHF RF Board Component Location Detail and Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-11
NLE4249A UHF Range 1 RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-13
NLE4249A UHF Range 1 RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-14
NLE4249A UHF Range 1 RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-15
NLE4249A UHF Range 1 RF Board
Component Location Detail and Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-16
NLE4249D, NLE4250E UHF Range 1 and 2 RF Board
Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-18
NLE4249D, NLE4250E UHF Range 1 and 2 RF Board
Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-19
NLE4249D, NLE4250E UHF Range 1 and 2 RF Board
Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-20
NLE4249D, NLE4250E UHF Range 1 and 2 RF Board
Component Location Detail and Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-21
v
NLE4250B, NLE4250E UHF Range 2 RF Board
Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-24
NLE4250B, NLE4250E UHF Range 2 RF Board
Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-25
NLE4250B, NLE4250E UHF Range 2 RF Board
Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3 of 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-26
NLE4250B, NLE4250E UHF Range 2 RF Board
Component Location Detail and Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13-27
NUF6472B 800 MHz RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-29
NUF6472B 800 MHz RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-30
NUF6472B 800 MHz RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3 of 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-31
NUF6472B 800 MHz RF Board Component Location Detail and Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-32
NUF6472D 800 MHz RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-34
NUF6472D 800 MHz RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-35
NUF6472D 800 MHz RF Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3 of 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-36
NUF6472D 800 MHz RF Board Component Location Detail and Parts List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-37
NCN6128B Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-39
NCN6128B Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-40
NCN6128B Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3 of 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-41
NCN6128B Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 4 of 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-42
NCN6128B Controller Board Component Location Detail, Sheet 1 of 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-43
NCN6128B Controller Board Component Location Detail, Sheet 2 of 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-44
NCN6167A Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-46
NCN6167A Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-47
NCN6167A Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3 of 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-48
NCN6167A Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 4 of 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-49
NCN6167A Controller Board Component Location Detail, Sheet 1 of 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-50
NCN6167A Controller Board Component Location Detail, Sheet 2 of 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-51
NCN6167C Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-53
NCN6167C Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-54
NCN6167C Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 3 of 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-55
NCN6167C Controller Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 4 of 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-56
NCN6167C Controller Board Component Location Detail, Sheet 1 of 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-57
NCN6167C Controller Board Component Location Detail, Sheet 2 of 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-58
NTN8250C/D Vocoder Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-60
NTN8250C/D Vocoder Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-61
NTN8250C/D Vocoder Board Component Location Detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-62
NTN8250F Vocoder Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 1 of 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-64
NTN8250F Vocoder Board Schematic Diagram, Sheet 2 of 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-65
NTN8250F Vocoder Board Component Location Detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-66
0105956V33 Controller Flex Circuit Detail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-70
0105956V33 Controller Flex Schematic and Parts List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-71
Model I Exploded View and Parts List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-72
Models II and III Exploded View and Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-73
vi
Safety
SAFETY AND GENERAL INFORMATION
IMPORTANT INFORMATION ON SAFE AND EFFICIENT OPERATION
READ THIS INFORMATION BEFORE USING YOUR MOTOROLA TWO-WAY RADIO
The information provided in this document supersedes the general safety information contained in user
guides published prior to October 2000. For information regarding radio use in a hazardous atmosphere
refer to the Factory Mutual (FM) manual supplement included with radio models that offer this capability
and/or the intrinsic safety radio information section of this user manual.
Radio Frequency (RF) Operational Characteristics
To transmit (talk) you must push the Push-To-Talk button; to receive (listen) you must
release the Push-To-Talk button.
When the radio is transmitting, it generates radio frequency (RF)
energy; when it is receiving, or when it is off, it does not generate RF energy.
Portable Radio Operation and EME Exposure
Your Motorola radio is designed to comply with the following national and international standards and
guidelines regarding exposure of human beings to radio frequency electromagnetic energy (EME):
•
United States Federal Communications Commission, Code of Federal
Regulations; 47 CFR part 2 sub-part J
•
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) / Institute of Electrical and
Electronic Engineers (IEEE) C95. 1-1992
•
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) C95.1-1999 Edition
•
National Council on Radiation
Protection and Measurements (NCRP) of the United States, Report 86, 1986
•
International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) 1998
•
Ministry of Health (Canada) Safety Code 6. Limits of Human Exposure to Radio Frequency
Electromagnetic Fields in the Frequency Range from 3 kHz to 300 GHz, 1999
•
Australian Communications Authority Radiocommunications (Electromagnetic Radiation - Human
Exposure) Standard 1999 (applicable to wireless phones only)
To assure optimal radio performance and make sure human exposure to radio frequency
electromagnetic energy is within the guidelines set forth in the above standards, always adhere to
the following procedures:
Two-way Radio Operation
When using your radio,
hold the radio in a vertical position with the microphone one to
two inches (2.5 to 5 centimeters) away from the lips.
MAN WITH R
A
vii
Body-worn Operation
To maintain compliance with FCC RF exposure guidelines, if you wear a radio on your body when
transmitting, always place the radio in
a Motorola approved clip, holder, holster, case, or body
harness for this product
. Use of non-Motorola-approved accessories may exceed FCC RF exposure
guidelines.
If you do not use a Motorola approved body-worn accessory and are not using
the radio in the intended use positions along side of the head in the phone mode or in front
of the face in the two-way radio mode, then ensure the antenna and radio is kept the
following minimum distances from the body when transmitting:
•
Phone or Two-way radio mode: one inch (2.5 centimeters)
•
Data operation using any data feature with or without an accessory cable: one inch (2.5 centimeters)
Antenna Care
Use only the supplied or an approved replacement antenna.
Unauthorized antennas, modifications,
or attachments could damage the radio and may violate FCC regulations.
DO NOT hold the antenna when the radio is “IN USE”.
Holding the antenna affects call quality and
may cause the radio to operate at a higher power level than needed.
Approved Accessories
For a list of approved Motorola accessories look in the appendix or accessory section of your radio’s User
Guide.
Electromagnetic Interference/Compatibility
NOTE:
Nearly every electronic device is susceptible to electromagnetic
interference (EMI) if inadequately shielded, designed or otherwise
configured for electromagnetic compatibility.
Facilities
To avoid electromagnetic interference and/or compatibility conflicts, turn off your radio in any facility
where posted notices instruct you to do so. Hospitals or health care facilities may be using equipment that
is sensitive to external RF energy.
Aircraft
When instructed to do so, turn off your radio when on board an aircraft. Any use of a radio must be in
accordance with applicable regulations per airline crew instructions.
Medical Devices
•
Pacemakers
The Health Industry Manufacturers Association recommends that a minimum separation of 6 inches
(15 centimeters) be maintained between a handheld wireless radio and a pacemaker.These
recommendations are consistent with those of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Persons with pacemakers should:
•
ALWAYS keep the radio more than 6 inches (15 centimeters) from their pacemaker when the radio
is turned ON.
•
not carry the radio in the breast pocket.
viii
•
use the ear opposite the pacemaker to minimize the potential for interference.
•
turn the radio OFF immediately if you have any reason to suspect that interference is taking place.
•
Hearing Aids
Some digital wireless radios may interfere with some hearing aids. In the event of such interference,
you may want to consult your hearing aid manufacturer to discuss alternatives.
•
Other Medical Devices
If you use any other personal medical device, consult the manufacturer of your device to determine if
it is adequately shielded from RF energy. Your physician may be able to assist you in obtaining this
information.
SAFETY AND GENERAL
Use While Driving
Check the laws and regulations on the use of radios in the area where you drive. Always obey them.
When using your radio while driving, please:
•
Give full attention to driving and to the road.
•
Use hands-free operation, if available.
•
Pull off the road and park before making or answering a call if driving conditions so require.
OPERATIONAL WARNINGS
FOR VEHICLES WITH AN AIR BAG
POTENTIALLY EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES
Turn off your radio prior to entering any area with a potentially explosive atmosphere, unless it is a radio
type especially qualified for use in such areas as "Intrinsically Safe" (for example, Factory Mutual, CSA, UL,
or CENELEC). Do not remove, install, or charge batteries in such areas. Sparks in a potentially explosive
atmosphere can cause an explosion or fire resulting in bodily injury or even death.
NOTE:
The areas with potentially explosive atmospheres referred to above include
fueling areas such as below decks on boats, fuel or chemical transfer or
storage facilities, areas where the air contains chemicals or particles, such
as grain, dust or metal powders, and any other area where you would
normally be advised to turn off your vehicle engine. Areas with potentially
explosive atmospheres are often but not always posted.
BLASTING CAPS AND AREAS
To avoid possible interference with blasting operations, turn off your radio when you are near electrical
blasting caps, in a blasting area, or in areas posted: "Turn off two-way radio.” Obey all signs and
instructions.
Do not place a portable radio in the area over an air bag or in the air bag deployment area. Air
bags inflate with great force. If a portable radio is placed in the air bag deployment area and the
air bag inflates, the radio may be propelled with great force and cause serious injury to
occupants of the vehicle.
!
W A R N I N G
!
ix
OPERATIONAL CAUTIONS
ANTENNAS
BATTERIES
All batteries can cause property damage and/or bodily injury such as burns if a conductive material such
as jewelry, keys, or beaded chains touch exposed terminals. The
conductive material may complete an
electrical circuit (short circuit) and become quite hot. Exercise care in handling any charged battery,
particularly when placing it inside a pocket, purse, or other container with metal objects.
INTRINSICALLY SAFE RADIO INFORMATION
FMRC Approved Equipment
Anyone intending to use a radio in a location where hazardous concentrations of flammable material exist
(hazardous atmosphere) is advised to become familiar with the subject of intrinsic safety and with the
National Electric Code NFPA 70 (National Fire Protection Association) Article 500 (hazardous [classified]
locations).
An Approval Guide, issued by Factory Mutual Research Corporation (FMRC), lists manufacturers and the
products approved by FMRC for use in such locations. FMRC has also issued a voluntary approval
standard for repair service (“Class Number 3605”).
FMRC Approval labels are attached to the radio to identify the unit as being FM Approved for specified
hazardous atmospheres. This label specifies the hazardous Class/Division/Group along with the part
number of the battery that must be used. Depending on the design of the portable unit, this FM label can
be found on the back or the bottom of the radio housing. The FM Approval mark is shown below:
WARNINGS
Do not use any portable radio that has a damaged antenna.
If a damaged antenna
comes into contact with your skin, a minor burn can result.
•
Do not operate radio communications equipment in a hazardous atmosphere unless it
is a type especially qualified for such use (e.g., FMRC Approved). An explosion or fire
may result.
•
Do not operate an FMRC Approved Product in a hazardous atmosphere if it has been
physically damaged (e.g., cracked housing). An explosion or fire may result.
•
Do not replace or charge batteries in a hazardous atmosphere. Contact sparking may
occur while installing or removing batteries and cause an explosion or fire.
!
C a u t i o n
FM
APPROVED
!
W A R N I N G
!
x
WARNINGS
WARNINGS
Repair of FMRC Approved Products
REPAIRS FOR MOTOROLA PRODUCTS WITH FMRC APPROVAL ARE THE
RESPONSIBILITY OF THE USER.
You should not repair or relabel any Motorola- manufactured communication equipment bearing the
FMRC Approval label (“FMRC Approved Product”) unless you are familiar with the current FMRC
Approval standard for repairs and service (“Class Number 3605”).
You may want to consider using a repair facility that operates under 3605 repair service approval.
WARNINGS
FMRC’s Approval Standard Class Number 3605 is subject to change at any time without notice to you, so
you may want to obtain a current copy of 3605 from FMRC. Per the December 1994 publication of 3605,
some key definitions and service requirements are as follows:
•
Do not replace or change accessories in a hazardous atmosphere. Contact sparking may
occur while installing or removing accessories and cause an explosion or fire.
•
Do not operate an FMRC Approved Product unit in a hazardous location with the
accessory contacts exposed. Keep the connector cover in place when accessories are not
used.
•
Turn a radio off before removing or installing a battery or accessory.
•
Do not disassemble an FMRC Approved Product unit in any way that exposes the
internal electrical circuits of the unit.
•
Radios must ship from the Motorola manufacturing facility with the hazardous
atmosphere capability and FM Approval labeling. Radios will not be “upgraded” to this
capability and labeled in the field.
•
A modification changes the unit’s hardware from its original design configuration.
Modifications can only be made by the original product manufacturer at one of its
FMRC-audited manufacturing facilities.
•
Failure to use an FMRC Approved Product unit with an FMRC Approved battery or
FMRC Approved accessories specifically approved for that product may result in the
dangerously unsafe condition of an unapproved radio combination being used in a
hazardous location.
•
Unauthorized or incorrect modification of an FMRC Approved Product unit will negate
the Approval rating of the product.
•
Incorrect repair or relabeling of any FMRC Approved Product unit could adversely
affect the Approval rating of the unit.
•
Use of a radio that is not intrinsically safe in a hazardous atmosphere could result in
serious injury or death.
!
W A R N I N G
!
!
W A R N I N G
!
!
W A R N I N G
!
xi
Repair
A repair constitutes something done internally to the unit that would bring it back to its original
condition—Approved by FMRC. A repair should be done in an FMRC Approved facility.
Items not considered as repairs are those in which an action is performed on a unit which does not require
the outer casing of the unit to be opened in a manner which exposes the internal electrical circuits of the
unit. You do not have to be an FMRC Approved Repair Facility to perform these actions.
Relabeling
The repair facility shall have a method by which the replacement of FMRC Approval labels are controlled
to ensure that any relabeling is limited to units that were originally shipped from the Manufacturer with
an FM Approval label in place. FMRC Approval labels shall not be stocked by the repair facility. An FMRC
Approval label shall be ordered from the original manufacturer, as needed, to repair a specific unit.
Replacement labels may be obtained and applied by the repair facility, provided there is satisfactory
evidence that the unit being relabeled was originally an FMRC Approved unit. Verification may include,
but is not limited to: a unit with a damaged Approval label, a unit with a defective housing displaying an
Approval label, or a customer invoice indicating the serial number of the unit and purchase of an FMRC
Approved model.
Do Not Substitute Options or Accessories
The Motorola communications equipment certified by Factory Mutual is tested as a system and consists
of the FM Approved portable, FM Approved battery, and FM Approved accessories or options, or both. This
FM Approved portable and battery combination must be strictly observed. There must be no substitution
of items, even if the substitute has been previously Approved with a different Motorola communications
equipment unit. Approved configurations are listed in the FM Approval Guide published by FMRC, or in
the product FM Supplement. This FM Supplement is shipped from the manufacturer with the FM
Approved radio and battery combination. The Approval Guide, or the Approval Standard Class Number
3605 document for repairs and service, can be ordered directly from Factory Mutual Research Corporation
located in Norwood, Massachusetts.
xii
Notes:
xiii
Portable Radio
Model Numbering
System
Position 1 - Type of Unit
H = Hand-Held Portable
Positions 2 & 3 - Model Series
Position 4 - Frequency Band
Less than 29.7MHz
29.7 to 35.99MHz
36 to 41.99MHz
42 to 50MHz
66 to 80MHz
74 to 90MHz
Product Specific
136 to 162MHz
146 to 178MHz
174 to 210MHz
190 to 235MHz
336 to 410MHz
403 to 437MHz
438 to 482MHz
470 to 520MHz
Product Specific
806 to 870MHz
825 to 870MHz
896 to 941MHz
1.0 to 1.6GHz
1.5 to 2.0GHz
Values given represent range only; they are
not absolute.
Position 5 - Power Level
0 to 0.7 Watts
0.7 to 0.9 Watts
1.0 to 3.9 Watts
4.0 to 5.0 Watts
5.1 to 6.0 Watts
6.1 to 10 Watts
Position 6 - Physical Packages
RF Modem Operation
Receiver Only
Standard Control; No Display
Standard Control; With Display
Limited Keypad; No Display
Limited Keypad; With Display
Full Keypad; No Display
Full Keypad; With Display
Limited Controls; No Display
Limited Controls; Basic Display
Limited Controls; Limited Display
Rotary Controls; Standard Display
Enhanced Controls; Enhanced Display
Low Profile; No Display
Low Profile; Basic Display
Low Profile; Basic Display, Full Keypad
Position 7 - Channel Spacing
1 = 5kHz
2 = 6.25kHz
3 = 10kHz
4 = 12.5kHz
5 = 15kHz
6 = 20/25kHz
7 = 30kHz
9 = Variable/Programmable
Typical Model Number:
Position:
Position 8 - Primary Operation
Conventinal/Simplex
Conventional/Duplex
Trunked Twin Type
Dual Mode Trunked
Dual Mode Trunked/Duplex
Trunked Type I
Trunked Type II
FDMA* Digital Dual Mode
TDMA** Digital Dual Mode
Single Sideband
Global Positioning Satellite Capable
Amplitude Companded Sideband (ACSB)
Programmable
* FDMA = Frequency Division Multiple Access
** TDMA = Time Division Multiple Access
Position 9 - Primary System Type
Conventional
Privacy Plus®
Clear SMARTNET™
Advanced Conventional Stat-Alert™
Enhanced Privacy Plus®
Nauganet 888 Series
Japan Specialized Mobile Radio (JSMR)
Multi-Channel Access (MCA)
CoveragePLUS™
MPT1327* - Public
MPT1327* - Private
Radiocom
Tone Signalling
Binary Signalling
Phonenet®
Programmable
Secure Conventional
Secure SMARTNET™
* MPT = Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications
Position 10 - Feature Level
1 = Basic
2 = Limited Package
3 = Limited Plus
4 = Intermediate
5 = Standard Package
6 = Standard Plus
7 = Expanded Package
8 = Expanded Plus
9 = Full Feature/
Programmable
Position 11 - Version
Version Letter (Alpha) - Major Change
Position 12 -
Unique Model Variations
C = Cenelec
N = Standard Package
Positions 13 - 16
“SP” Model Suffix
1 23 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1213141516
H04 U CF 9 P W 7 A N S P 0 1
04 = ASTRO
A
B
C
D
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
Y
Z
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
A
B
C
D
E
F
=
=
=
=
=
=
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
Q
R
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
P
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
Q
W
X
Y
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
09 = XTS 3000
9H
xiv
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model Chart (“A” Models)
Notes:
X= Item Included
*= The radio’s model number, FLASHcode, Host code, and DSP code are required when placing an order for the Controller Board.
•The model number and (sometimes) the FLASHcode, can be found on the FCC label on the back of the radio.
•The model number, Host code, DSP code, and (sometimes) the FLASHcode, can be found by putting a Model II or III
radio into the Test Mode.
•The model number, Host code, DSP code, and FLASHcode can be found by using the Smart RIB (RLN1015_) and the
RSS to read a Model I, II, or III radio
** = The Host code and the DSP code are required when placing an order for the Vocoder Board.
MODEL NUMBER DESCRIPTION
H09KDC9PW5AN VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09KDF9PW7AN VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09KDH9PW7AN VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09RDC9PW5AN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09RDF9PW7AN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09RDH9PW7AN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09SDC9PW5AN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09SDF9PW7AN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09SDH9PW7AN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09UCC9PW5AN 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09UCF9PW7AN 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09UCH9PW7AN 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION
XXXXXXXXXXXX NCN6128_ Board, Controller *
XXX NLD8898_ Board, VHF Transceiver (136-174MHz)
XXX NLE4249_ Board, UHF Range 1 Transceiver (403-470MHz)
XXX NLE4250_ Board, UHF Range 2 Transceiver (450-520MHz)
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8250_ Board, Vocoder **
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8266_ Belt Clip Kit
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8294_ Battery, Nickel-Cadmium (1525mAh)
XXXXNTN8311_ Board, Keypad, Model III
XXXXNTN8493_ Board, Keypad, Model II
X X X X NTN8272_ Kit, Front Cover, Model I
XXXXNTN8495_ Kit, Front Cover Kit, Model II
XXXXNTN8273_ Kit, Front Cover, Model III
XXX NUF6472_ Board, 800MHz Transceiver (806-870MHz)
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0705330Z01 Bracket, Display Flex
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0705368Z01 Bracket, Keypad Flex
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0905585Z02 Assembly, B+ Connector
X X X X 1405874Z01 Insulator, Controller
XXXXXXXXXXXX 1505348Z01 Assembly, Casting
XXXXXXXXXXXX 1505579Z01 Cover, Accessory Connector
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605342Z01 Shield, Controller Board
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605343Z01 Shield, RF Board
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605344Z01 Shield, Vocoder
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2805214Z03 Connector, Compression, 50 Pin
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2805216Z03 Connector, Compression, 20 Pin
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205082E96 Gasket, Antenna O-Ring
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205349Z02 Seal, Main
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205351Z02 Seal, B+
XXXXXXXXXXXX 4205631Z01 Clip, Locking
XX XX XX XX 5105385Y19 Module, LCD Display
XXXX7505293Z01 Keypad, Model III
XX XX XX XX 7505336Z01 Pad, Display Locator
XXXX7585696A01 Keypad, Model II
XXX 8505241U03 Antenna, 800MHz
XXXXXX 8505241U05 Antenna, UHF
XXX 8505518V01 Antenna, VHF
xv
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model Chart (”B” Models)
Notes:
X= Item Included
*= The radio’s model number, FLASHcode, Host code, and DSP code are required when placing an order for the Controller Board.
•The model number and (sometimes) the FLASHcode, can be found on the FCC label on the back of the radio.
•The model number, Host code, DSP code, and (sometimes) the FLASHcode, can be found by putting a Model II or III
radio into the Test Mode.
•The model number, Host code, DSP code, and FLASHcode can be found by using the Smart RIB (RLN1015_) and the
RSS to read a Model I, II, or III radio
** = The Host code and the DSP code are required when placing an order for the Vocoder Board.
MODEL NUMBER DESCRIPTION
H09KDC9PW5BN VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09KDF9PW7BN VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09KDH9PW7BN VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09RDC9PW5BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09RDF9PW7BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09RDH9PW7BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09SDC9PW5BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09SDF9PW7BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09SDH9PW7BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09UCC9PW5BN 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09UCF9PW7BN 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09UCH9PW7BN 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION
XXXXXXXXXXXX NCN6167_ Board, Controller *
XXX NLD8898_ Board, VHF Transceiver (136-174MHz)
XXX NLE4249_ Board, UHF Range 1 Transceiver (403-470MHz)
XXX NLE4250_ Board, UHF Range 2 Transceiver (450-520MHz)
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8250_ Board, Vocoder **
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8266_ Belt Clip Kit
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8294_ Battery, Nickel-Cadmium (1525mAh)
X X X X NTN8311_ Board, Keypad, Model III
X X X X NTN8493_ Board, Keypad, Model II
X X X X NTN8751_ Kit, Front Cover, Model I
X X X X NTN8752_ Kit, Front Cover Kit, Model II
X X X X NTN8753_ Kit, Front Cover, Model III
XXX NUF6472_ Board, 800MHz Transceiver (806-870MHz)
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0705330Z01 Bracket, Display Flex
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0705368Z01 Bracket, Keypad Flex
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0905585Z02 Assembly, B+ Connector
X X X X 1405874Z01 Insulator, Controller
XXXXXXXXXXXX 1505348Z01 Assembly, Casting
XXXXXXXXXXXX 1505579Z01 Cover, Accessory Connector
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605342Z01 Shield, Controller Board
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605343Z01 Shield, RF Board
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605344Z01 Shield, Vocoder
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2805214Z03 Connector, Compression, 50 Pin
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2805216Z03 Connector, Compression, 20 Pin
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205082E96 Gasket, Antenna O-Ring
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205349Z02 Seal, Main
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205351Z02 Seal, B+
XXXXXXXXXXXX 4205631Z01 Clip, Locking
XX XX XX XX 5105385Y19 Module, LCD Display
X X X X 7505293Z01 Keypad, Model III
XX XX XX XX 7505336Z01 Pad, Display Locator
X X X X 7585696A01 Keypad, Model II
XXX 8505241U03 Antenna, 800MHz
XXXXXX 8505241U05 Antenna, UHF
XXX 8505518V01 Antenna, VHF
xvi
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 R (Ruggedized) Model Chart
Notes:
X= Item Included
*= The radio’s model number, FLASHcode, Host code, and DSP code are required when placing an order for the Controller Board.
•The model number and (sometimes) the FLASHcode, can be found on the FCC label on the back of the radio.
•The model number, Host code, DSP code, and (sometimes) the FLASHcode, can be found by putting a Model II or III
radio into the Test Mode.
•The model number, Host code, DSP code, and FLASHcode can be found by using the Smart RIB (RLN1015_) and the
RSS to read a Model I, II, or III radio
** = The Host code and the DSP code are required when placing an order for the Vocoder Board.
MODEL NUMBER DESCRIPTION
H09KDC9PW5BN Ruggedized VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09KDF9PW7BN Ruggedized VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09KDH9PW7BN Ruggedized VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09RDC9PW5BN Ruggedized UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09RDF9PW7BN Ruggedized UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09RDH9PW7BN Ruggedized UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09SDC9PW5BN Ruggedized UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09SDF9PW7BN Ruggedized UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09SDH9PW7BN Ruggedized UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09UCC9PW5BN Ruggedized 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09UCF9PW7BN Ruggedized 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09UCH9PW7BN Ruggedized 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION
XXXXXXXXXXXX NCN6167_ Board, Controller *
XXX NLD8898_ Board, VHF Transceiver (136-174MHz)
XXX NLE4249_ Board, UHF Range 1 Transceiver (403-470MHz)
XXX NLE4250_ Board, UHF Range 2 Transceiver (450-520MHz)
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8250_ Board, Vocoder **
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8266_ Belt Clip Kit
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8297_ Battery, Nickel-Cadmium (1525mAh)
XXXXNTN8311_ Board, Keypad, Model III
X X X X NTN8493_ Board, Keypad, Model II
XXXX NTN8650_ Kit, Ruggedized Front Cover, Model I
X X X X NTN8651_ Kit, Ruggedized Front Cover, Model II
XXXXNTN8652_ Kit, Ruggedized Front Cover, Model III
XXX NUF6472_ Board, 800MHz Transceiver (806-870MHz)
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0705330Z01 Bracket, Display Flex
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0705368Z01 Bracket, Keypad Flex
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0905585Z03 Assembly, B+ Connector
XXXX 1405874Z01 Insulator, Controller
XXXXXXXXXXXX 1505348Z04 Assembly, Casting
XXXXXXXXXXXX 1505579Z01 Cover, Accessory Connector
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605342Z01 Shield, Controller Board
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605343Z01 Shield, RF Board
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605344Z01 Shield, Vocoder
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2805214Z03 Connector, Compression, 50 Pin
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2805216Z03 Connector, Compression, 20 Pin
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205082E96 Gasket, Antenna O-Ring
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205349Z02 Seal, Main
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205351Z02 Seal, B+
XXXXXXXXXXXX 4205631Z01 Clip, Locking
XX XX XX XX 5105385Y19 Module, LCD Display
XXXX7505293Z02 Keypad, Model III
XX XX XX XX 7505336Z01 Pad, Display Locator
X X X X 7585696A02 Keypad, Model II
XXX 8505241U03 Antenna, 800MHz
XXXXXX 8505241U05 Antenna, UHF
XXX 8505518V01 Antenna, VHF
xvii
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 R (Ruggedized) Yellow Model Chart
Notes:
X= Item Included
*= The radio’s model number, FLASHcode, Host code, and DSP code are required when placing an order for the Controller Board.
•The model number and (sometimes) the FLASHcode, can be found on the FCC label on the back of the radio.
•The model number, Host code, DSP code, and (sometimes) the FLASHcode, can be found by putting a Model II or III
radio into the Test Mode.
•The model number, Host code, DSP code, and FLASHcode can be found by using the Smart RIB (RLN1015_) and the
RSS to read a Model I, II, or III radio
** = The Host code and the DSP code are required when placing an order for the Vocoder Board.
MODEL NUMBER DESCRIPTION
H09KDC9PW5BN Ruggedized Yellow VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09KDF9PW7BN Ruggedized Yellow VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09KDH9PW7BN Ruggedized Yellow VHF 1-5 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09RDC9PW5BN Ruggedized Yellow UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09RDF9PW7BN Ruggedized Yellow UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09RDH9PW7BN Ruggedized Yellow UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09SDC9PW5BN Ruggedized Yellow UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09SDF9PW7BN Ruggedized Yellow UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09SDH9PW7AN Ruggedized Yellow UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
H09UCC9PW5BN Ruggedized Yellow 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model I
H09UCF9PW7BN Ruggedized Yellow 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model II
H09UCH9PW7BN Ruggedized Yellow 800MHz 3 Watt ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Model III
ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION
XXXXXXXXXXXX NCN6167_ Board, Controller *
XXX NLD8898_ Board, VHF Transceiver (136-174MHz)
XXX NLE4249_ Board, UHF Range 1 Transceiver (403-470MHz)
XXX NLE4250_ Board, UHF Range 2 Transceiver (450-520MHz)
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8250_ Board, Vocoder **
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8266_ Belt Clip Kit
XXXXXXXXXXXX NTN8294_ Battery, Nickel-Cadmium (1525mAh)
X X X X NTN8311_ Board, Keypad, Model III
X X X X NTN8493_ Board, Keypad, Model II
X X X X NTN8669_ Kit, Ruggedized Yellow Front Cover, Model I
X X X X NTN8670_ Kit, Ruggedized Yellow Front Cover, Model II
X X X X NTN8671_ Kit, Ruggedized Yellow Front Cover, Model III
XXX NUF6472_ Board, 800MHz Transceiver (806-870MHz)
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0705330Z01 Bracket, Display Flex
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0705368Z01 Bracket, Keypad Flex
XXXXXXXXXXXX 0905585Z03 Assembly, B+ Connector
X X X X 1405874Z01 Insulator, Controller
XXXXXXXXXXXX 1505348Z04 Assembly, Casting
XXXXXXXXXXXX 1505579Z01 Cover, Accessory Connector
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605342Z01 Shield, Controller Board
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605343Z01 Shield, RF Board
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2605344Z01 Shield, Vocoder
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2805214Z03 Connector, Compression, 50 Pin
XXXXXXXXXXXX 2805216Z03 Connector, Compression, 20 Pin
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205082E96 Gasket, Antenna O-Ring
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205349Z02 Seal, Main
XXXXXXXXXXXX 3205351Z02 Seal, B+
XXXXXXXXXXXX 4205631Z01 Clip, Locking
XX XX XX XX 5105385Y19 Module, LCD Display
X X X X 7505293Z02 Keypad, Model III
XX XX XX XX 7505336Z01 Pad, Display Locator
X X X X 7585696A02 Keypad, Model II
XXX 8505241U03 Antenna, 800MHz
XXXXXX 8505241U05 Antenna, UHF
XXX 8505518V01 Antenna, VHF
xviii
Model History Tables
The following tables include all of the ASTRO XTS 3000 Digital Portable Radio models from the beginning
of this product line to date. Each table includes model number, model number description, and the part
numbers of the front cover kit, transceiver board (Xcvr Bd), controller board, and vocoder board that
shipped with that particular model.
Standard Models
Model Number Description Front
Cover Kit Xcvr
Board Controller
Board Vocoder
Board
H09KDC9PW5AN VHF 1-5 Watt Model I NTN8272C NLD8898C NCN6128B NTN8250C
NLD8898E NTN8250D
H09KDC9PW5BN VHF 1-5 Watt Model I NTN8751A NLD8898E NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09KDF9PW7AN VHF 1-5 Watt Model II NTN8495A NLD8898C NCN6128B NTN8250C
NLD8898E NTN8250D
H09KDF9PW7BN VHF 1-5 Watt Model II NTN8752A NLD8898E NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09KDH9PW7AN VHF 1-5 Watt Model III NTN8273B NLD8898C NCN6128B NTN8250C
NLD8898E NTN8250D
H09KDH9PW7BN VHF 1-5 Watt Model III NTN8753A NLD8898E NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09RDC9PW5AN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model I NTN8272C NLE4249A NCN6128B NTN8250C
NLE4249B NTN8250D
H09RDC9PW5BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model I NTN8751A NLE4249B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09RDF9PW7AN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model II NTN8495A NLE4249A NCN6128B NTN8250C
NLE4249B NTN8250D
H09RDF9PW7BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model II NTN8752A NLE4249B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09RDH9PW7AN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model III NTN8273B NLE4249A NCN6128B NTN8250C
NLE4249B NTN8250D
H09RDH9PW7BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model III NTN8753A NLE4249B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09SDC9PW5AN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model I NTN8272C NLE4250A NCN6128B NTN8250C
NLE4250B NTN8250D
H09SDC9PW5BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model I NTN8751A NLE4250B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09SDF9PW7AN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model II NTN8495A NLE4250A NCN6128B NTN8250C
NLE4250B NTN8250D
H09SDF9PW7BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model II NTN8752A NLE4250B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09SDH9PW7AN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model III NTN8273B NLE4250A NCN6128B NTN8250C
NLE4250B NTN8250D
H09SDH9PW7BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model III NTN8753A NLE4250B NCN6167A NTN8250D
xix
Note 1: When replacing an NTN8272C, NTN8495A, or NTN8273B Front Housing Kit with a new
NTN8751A, NTN8752A, or NTN8753A Front Housing Kit, respectively, an NCN6167A Controller
Board must also be ordered to replace the NCN6128D Controller Board. For example, for
H09KDC9PW5AN, to replace NTN8272C with NTN8751A, you must also order NCN6167A to
replace NCN6128D, because NTN8151A is NOT compatible with NCN6128D.
Note 2: When replacing an NCN6128D Controller Board with an NCN6167A Controller Board, the
NTN8272C, NTN8495A, or NTN8273B Front Housing Kit must also be replaced by a new
NTN8751A, NTN8752A, or NTN8753A Front Housing Kit, respectively. For example, for model
H09KDC9PW5AN, to replace NCN6128D, you must also order NTN8751A to replace NTN8272C,
because NCN6167A is NOT compatible with NTN8272C.
H09UCC9PW5AN 800MHz 3 Watt Model I NTN8272C NUF6472B NCN6128B NTN8250C
NUF6472B NTN8250D
H09UCC9PW5BN 800MHz 3 Watt Model I NTN8751A NUF6472B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09UCF9PW7AN 800MHz 3 Watt Model II NTN8495A NUF6472B NCN6128B NTN8250C
NUF6472B NTN8250D
H09UCF9PW7BN 800MHz 3 Watt Model II NTN8752A NUF6472B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09UCH9PW7AN 800MHz 3 Watt Model III NTN8273B NUF6472B NCN6128B NTN8250C
NUF6472B NTN8250D
H09UCH9PW7BN 800MHz 3 Watt Model III NTN8753A NUF6472B NCN6167A NTN8250D
Standard Models
Model Number Description Front
Cover Kit Xcvr
Board Controller
Board Vocoder
Board
xx
Ruggedized Models
Ruggedized Yellow Models
Model Number Description Front Cover
Kit Transceiver
Board Controller
Board Vocoder
Board
H09KDC9PW5BN VHF 1-5 Watt Model I NTN8650A NLD8898E NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09KDF9PW7BN VHF 1-5 Watt Model II NTN8651A NLD8898E NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09KDH9PW7BN VHF 1-5 Watt Model III NTN8652A NLD8898E NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09RDC9PW5BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model I NTN8650A NLE4249B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09RDF9PW7BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model II NTN8651A NLE4249B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09RDH9PW7BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model III NTN8652A NLE4249B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09SDC9PW5BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model I NTN8650A NLE4250B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09SDF9PW7BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model II NTN8651A NLE4250B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09SDH9PW7BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model III NTN8652A NLE4250B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09UCC9PW5BN 800MHz 3 Watt Model I NTN8650A NUF6472B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09UCF9PW7BN 800MHz 3 Watt Model II NTN8651A NUF6472B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09UCH9PW7BN 800MHz 3 Watt Model III NTN8652A NUF6472B NCN6167A NTN8250D
Model Number Description Front Cover
Kit Transceiver
Board Controller
Board Vocoder
Board
H09KDC9PW5BN VHF 1-5 Watt Model I NTN8699A NLD8898E NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09KDF9PW7BN VHF 1-5 Watt Model II NTN8670A NLD8898E NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09KDH9PW7BN VHF 1-5 Watt Model III NTN8671A NLD8898E NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09RDC9PW5BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model I NTN8699A NLE4249B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09RDF9PW7BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model II NTN8670A NLE4249B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09RDH9PW7BN UHF Range 1 1-4 Watt Model III NTN8671A NLE4249B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09SDC9PW5BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model I NTN8699A NLE4250B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09SDF9PW7BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model II NTN8670A NLE4250B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09SDH9PW7BN UHF Range 2 1-4 Watt Model III NTN8671A NLE4250B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09UCC9PW5BN 800MHz 3 Watt Model I NTN8699A NUF6472B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09UCF9PW7BN 800MHz 3 Watt Model II NTN8670A NUF6472B NCN6167A NTN8250D
H09UCH9PW7BN 800MHz 3 Watt Model III NTN8671A NUF6472B NCN6167A NTN8250D
xxi
Glossary
A/D Analog to Digital converter; converts an instantaneous dc voltage level to a
corresponding digital value.
ABACUS IC Custom integrated circuit providing a digital receiver IF backend.
ADSIC ABACUS/DSP Support IC; custom integrated circuit providing peripheral
functions for the DSP.
ALC Automatic Level Control; a circuit in the transmit RF path that controls RF
power amplifier output, provides leveling over frequency and voltage, and
protects against high VSWR.
CBI Controller Board Initialization; a process by which a replacement Controller
Board can be initialized with the serial number of the radio into which it will
be installed. This initialization is a one-shot process, and must therefore be
approached with care.
D/A Digital to Analog converter; converts a digital value to a corresponding dc
voltage value.
DTMF Dual Tone Multi-Frequency
DPL Digital Private-Line™
DSP Digital Signal Processor; microcontroller specifically tailored for signal
processing computations. In this case refers specifically to Motorola
DSP56001.
DSP Code Digital Signal Processor Code; object code executed by the Digital Signal
Processor in an ASTRO or XTS3000 subscriber radio. The DSP is responsible
for computation-intensive tasks, such as decoding ASTRO signalling
Firmware Code executed by an embedded processor such as the Host or DSP in a
subscriber radio. This type of code is typically resident in non-volatile memory
and as such is more difficult to change than code executed from RAM.
FGU Frequency Generation Unit
FLASHcode A 13-digit code which uniquely identifies the System Software Package and
Software Revenue Options that are enabled in a particular subscriber radio.
FLASHcodes are only applicable for radios which are upgradeable through the
FLASHport process.
FLASHport™ A Motorola term that describes the ability of a radio to change memory. Every
FLASHport radio contains a FLASHport EEPROM memory chip that can be
software written and rewritten to, again and again.
Host Motorola HC11F1 microcontrol unit U204 (see MCU).
Host Code Object code executed by the Host Processor in an ASTRO or XTS3000
subscriber radio. The Host is responsible for control-oriented tasks such as
decoding and responding to user inputs.
xxii
Host Port Parallel memory mapped interface consisting of eight registers in the
DSP56001.
IC Integrated Circuit
IMBE A sub-band, voice encoding algorithm used in ASTRO digital voice.
ISW Inbound Signalling Word; data transmitted on the control channel from a
subscriber unit to the central control unit.
LSH Low Speed Handshake; 150 baud digital data sent to the radio during trunked
operation while receiving audio.
MCU MicroControl Unit
MDC Motorola Digital Communications
OMPAC Over-Molded Pad-Array Carrier; a Motorola custom IC package, distinguished
by the presence of solder balls on the bottom pads.
Open Architecture A controller configuration that utilizes a microprocessor with extended ROM,
RAM, and EEPROM.
OSW Outbound Signalling Word; data transmitted on the control channel from the
central controller to the subscriber unit.
PC Board Printed Circuit board
PL Private-Line® tone squelch; a continuous sub-audible tone that is transmitted
along with the carrier.
PLL Phase-Locked Loop; a circuit in which an oscillator is kept in phase with a
reference, usually after passing through a frequency divider.
PTT Push-To-Talk; the switch located on the left side of the radio which, when
pressed, causes the radio to transmit.
Registers Short-term data-storage circuits within the microcontrol unit or
programmable logic IC.
Repeater Remote transmit/receive facility that re-transmits received signals in order to
improve communications coverage.
RESET Reset line; an input to the microcontroller that restarts execution.
RF PA Radio Frequency Power Amplifier
RSS Radio Service Software
RPT/TA RePeaTer/Talk-Around
RX DATA Recovered digital data line.
Signal Qualifier
Mode An operating mode whereby the radio is muted but still continues to analyze
receive data to determine RX signal type.
xxiii
SCI IN Serial Communication Interface INput line
SLIC Support-Logic IC; a custom gate array used to provide I/O and memory
expansion for the microcontroller.
Smart RIB Smart Radio Interface Box; a service aid that enables communications
between the radio and the computer’s serial communications adapter. Used in
conjunction with the RSS to read the DSP Code, FLASHcode, Host Code, and
model number.
Softpot Software potentiometer; a computer-adjustable electronic attenuator.
Software Computer programs, procedures, rules, documentation, and data pertaining
to the operation of a system.
SPI Serial Peripheral Interface; how the microcontroller communicates to
modules and ICs through the CLOCK and DATA lines.
Squelch Muting of audio circuits when received signal levels fall below a pre-
determined value.
SRAM Static-RAM chip used for volatile, program/data memory.
SSI Synchronous Serial Interface on the DSP56001 consisting of six signals and
used for an RX and TX modulated data interface to the ADSIC.
Standby Mode An operating mode whereby the radio is muted but still continues to monitor
data.
System Central
Controllers Main control unit of the trunked dispatch system; handles ISW and OSW
messages to and from subscriber units (see ISW and OSW).
System Select The act of selecting the desired operating system with the system-select switch
(also, the name given to this switch).
TOT Time-Out Timer; a timer that limits the length of a transmission.
TSOP Thin Small-Outline Package
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter.
µC Microcontrol unit (see MCU).
VCO Voltage-Controlled Oscillator; an oscillator whereby the frequency of
oscillation can be varied by changing a control voltage.
VCOB IC Voltage-Controlled Oscillator Buffer IC
Vocoder VOice enCODER; the DSP-based system for digitally processing the analog
signals, includes the capabilities of performing voice compression algorithms
or voice encoding.
VSELP Vector Sum Excited Linear Predictive coding; a voice encoding technique
used in ASTRO digital voice.
VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
xxiv
Notes
1-1
Introduction 1
General This manual includes all the information needed to maintain peak
product performance and maximum working-time. This detailed level
of service (component level) is typical of some service centers, self-
maintained customers, and distributors. This manual is to be used in
conjunction with the ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Portable Radios Basic
Service Manual (Motorola part number 68P81083C85), which uses the
pass/fail service approach to radio problems.
Conduct the basic performance checks first. This will verify the actual
need for analyzing the radio and help pinpoint the functional
problem area. In addition, the technician will become familiar with
the radio test mode of operation, which is a helpful tool. If any basic
receive or transmitter parameters fail, then the radio should be aligned
per the radio alignment procedure.
Included in other areas of this manual are disassembly/reassembly
procedures, functional block diagrams, detailed theory of operation,
troubleshooting charts and waveforms, schematics and parts lists, a nd
exploded view and parts list. The technician should be very familiar
with these sections to aid in determining the problem circuit. Also
included are component location diagrams to aid in locating
individual circuit components and some IC diagrams, which point out
some convenient probe points.
The theory of operation sections of this manual contain detailed
descriptions of the operations of many circuits. Once the area of the
problem is located, it would be strongly advisable to review the
operation of the circuit pertaining to the troubleshooting flow chart.
1-2
Notations Used in
This Manual Throughout the text in this publication, you will notice the use of
warnings, cautions, and notes. These notations are used to emphasize
that safety hazards exist, and care must be taken and observed.
NOTE: An operational procedure, practice, or condition,
etc., which is essential to emphasize.
In this publication you will also find the use of the asterisk symbol (*)
to indicate a negative or NOT logic true signal.
!
C a u t i o n
CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, may result in
equipment damage. To properly word a caution,
first identify the gravity of the risk, then describe the
nature of the risk, then tell the user how to avoid the
risk, and finally communicate this risk clearly to the
person exposed to the risk.
!
W A R N I N G
!
WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, could result
in death or injury. To properly word a
caution, first identify the gravity of the risk,
then describe the nature of the risk, then tell
the user how to avoid the risk, and finally
communicate this risk clearly to the person
exposed to the risk.
D A N G E R
!
DANGER indicates an imminently
hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, will result in death or injury. To
properly word a caution, first identify
the gravity of the risk, then describe the
nature of the risk, then tell the user how
to avoid the risk, and finally
communicate this risk clearly to the
person exposed to the risk.
2-1
General Overview of an
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 Radio 2
The ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 radio is a dual-mode (trunked/
conventional), microcontroller-based transceiver incorporating a
Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The microcontroller handles the
general radio control, monitors status, and processes commands input
from the keypad or other user controls. The DSP processes the typical
analog signals and generates the standard signaling digitally to
provide compatibility with existing analog systems. In addition, it
provides for digital modulation techniques, utilizing voice encoding
techniques with error correction schemes, to provide the user with
enhanced range and audio quality all in a reduced bandwidth channel
requirement. It allows embedded signaling which can mix system
information and data with digital voice to add the capability of
supporting a multitude of system features.
The three ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 radio models (I, II, and III) are
available in the VHF (136-174MHz) band, two UHF bands (403-
470MHz and 450-512MHz), and the 800MHz (806-870MHz) band.
The ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 radio consists of:
•a vocoder (DSP) board,
•a controller board,
•a band-dependent transceiver (RF) board,
•display and keypad assemblies (models II and III only), and
•an encryption board (in secure models only).
The vocoder board consists of a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Static-
RAM (SRAM), FLASH program memory, and a custom ABACUS/DSP
support integrated circuit (ADSIC). This section handles all the analog
and signaling functions previously accomplished with analog
integrated circuits (ICs) by processing the signals digitally. In addition,
it provides advanced digital signal processing functions which include
digital modulation and voice encoding techniques while still
maintaining compatibility with today’s analog radio systems.
The controller board consists of a microcontroller with FLASH
program memory, EEPROM, SRAM, audio power amplifier (audio PA),
and a custom IC—the SLIC. This section handles general radio control
and ergonomics through the various user buttons, and rotary knobs.
The transceiver is frequency dependent, and one transceiver exists for
each of the bands: VHF, UHF (range 1 and 2), and 800MHz. The
distinction with these transceivers is the incorporation of the ABACUS
IC. The ABACUS is a digital IF/Discriminator which provides a true
digital interface to the digital circuitry of the vocoder.
2-2
The display module is a four-line x 12-character, liquid-crystal display
(LCD) with associated circuitry. This module utilizes chip-on-board
technology and is not considered field repairable.
The keypad module is either a 6 x 3- or a 2 x 3-button module with
backlighting.
The encryption board (secure models only) connects directly to the
controller board and interfaces directly with the vocoder digital
circuitry. It contains an independent microcontroller and two custom
ICs to perform digital, numerical, encryption algorithms.
Analog Mode
of Operation When the radio is receiving, the signal comes from the antenna/
antenna-switch connector to the transceiver board, passes through the
RX/TX switch and the receiver front end. The signal is then filtered,
amplified, and mixed with the first local-oscillator signal generated by
the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The resulting intermediate
frequency (IF) signal is fed to the IF circuitry, where it is again filtered
and amplified. This amplified signal is passed to the digital back-end
IC, where it is mixed with the second local oscillator to create the
second IF at 450kHz. It is then converted to a digital bit stream and
mixed a third time to produce a baseband signal. This signal is passed
to the vocoder board through a current-driven differential output. On
the vocoder board, the ADSIC (ABACUS DSP Support IC) digitally
filters and discriminates the signal, and passes it to the digital-signal
processor (DSP). The DSP decodes the information in the signal and
identifies the appropriate destination for it. For a voice signal, the DSP
will route the digital voice data to the ADSIC for conversion to an
analog signal. The ADSIC will then present the signal to the controller
board’s audio power amplifier, which drives the speaker. For signalling
information, the DSP will decode the message and pass it to the
microcontrol unit.
When the radio is transmitting, microphone audio is passed from the
audio power amplifier (PA) to the ADSIC, where the signal is digitized.
The ADSIC passes digital data to the DSP, where pre-emphasis and low-
pass (splatter) filtering are done. The DSP returns this signal to the
ADSIC, where it is reconverted into an analog signal and scaled for
application to the voltage-controlled oscillator as a modulation signal.
Transmitted signalling information is accepted by the DSP from the
microcontrol unit, coded appropriately, and passed to the ADSIC,
which handles it the same as a voice signal. Analog modulation
information is passed to the synthesizer along the modulation line. A
modulated carrier is provided to the RF PA, which transmits the signal
under dynamic power control.
ASTRO Mode
(Digital Mode)
of Operation
In the ASTRO mode (digital mode) of operation, the transmitted or
received signal is limited to a discrete set of four deviation levels. The
receiver handles an ASTRO-mode signal identically to an analog-mode
signal up to the point where the DSP decodes the received data. In the
ASTRO receive mode, the DSP uses a specifically defined algorithm to
recover information. In the ASTRO transmit mode, microphone audio
is processed identically to an analog mode with the exception of the
algorithm the DSP uses to encode the information. This algorithm will
result in deviation levels that are limited to four discrete levels.
2-3
Transceiver Board
Overview The receiver front end consists of a preselector, an RF amplifier, a
second preselector, and a mixer. In the VHF and UHF radios, both
preselectors are varactor-tuned, two-pole filters controlled by the
microcontrol unit (MCU) through the digital/analog (D/A) IC. On the
800MHz receiver front end, these filters are fixed-tuned. The RF
amplifier is a dual-gate, gallium- arsenide based IC. The mixer is a
double-balanced, active mixer coupled by transformers. Injection is
provided by the VCO through an injection filter. See Table 14 for local
oscillator (LO) and first IF information.
The frequency generation function is performed by three ICs and
associated circuitry. The reference oscillator provides a frequency
standard to the synthesizer/prescaler IC, which controls the VCO IC.
The VCO IC actually generates the first LO and transmit-injection
signals and buffers them to the required power level. The synthesizer/
prescaler circuit module incorporates frequency-division and
comparison circuitry to keep the VCO signals stable. The synthesizer/
prescaler IC is controlled by the microcontrol unit through a serial bus.
Most of the synthesizer circuitry is enclosed in rigid metal cans on the
transceiver board to reduce microphonic effects.
The receiver back end consists of a two-pole crystal filter, an IF
amplifier, a second two-pole crystal filter, and the digital back-end IC
(ABACUS). The two-pole filters are wide enough to accommodate
5kHz modulation. Final IF filtering is done digitally in the ADSIC.
The digital back-end IC (ABACUS) consists of an amplifier, the second
mixer, an IF analog-to-digital converter, a baseband down-converter,
and a 2.4MHz synthesis circuit to provide a clock to the ADSIC on the
vocoder board. The second LO is generated by discrete components
external to the IC. The output of the ABACUS IC is a digital bit stream
that is current driven on a differential pair for a reduction in noise
generation.
The transmitter consists of an RF PA IC that gets an injection signal
from the VCO. Transmit power is controlled by two custom ICs that
monitor the output of a directional coupler and adjust PA control
voltages correspondingly. The signal passes through a RX/TX switch
that uses PIN diodes to automatically provide an appropriate interface
to transmit or receive signals. Antenna selection is done mechanically
in the control top.
Controller Board
Overview The controller board (see Figure 1) contains the radio’s microcontrol
unit with its memory and support circuits, voltage regulators, audio,
and power control circuits. Connected to the controller board are the
display module, keypad module, transceiver board, vocoder board,
secure module, and front cover housing assembly.
The microcontrol unit (MCU) controls receive/transmit frequencies,
power levels, display, and other radio functions, using either direct
logic control or serial communications paths to the devices.The
microcontrol unit executes a stored program located in its FLASH
ROM. Data is transferred to and from memory by the microcontrol
unit data bus. The memory location from which data is read, or to
which data is written, is selected by the address lines.
2-4
Figure 1 Controller Board/Vocoder Board Interconnection
The SLIC acts as an extension of the microcontrol unit by providing
logic functions such as lower address latch, reset, memory address
decoding, and additional control lines for the radio. The microcontrol
unit controls the crystal-pull circuit to adjust the crystal oscillator’s
frequency on the microcontrol unit, so that the E-clock’ s harmonics
do not cause interference with the radio’s receive channel.
Switched +5V is used for all circuits on the vocoder and controller
boards, except the audio PA, which is sourced from 7.5V. The regulator
automatically provides 5V when the radio is turned on. The regulator’s
power-down mode is controlled by the microcontrol unit, which
senses the position of the on/off/volume control knob.
DSP
SRAM
DSP
SRAM
DSP
SRAM
256K x 8
FLASH
DSP56001A
ADSIC
Vocoder Board
50-pin Connection
to Vocoder Board
20-pin
Connection to
RF Board
25-pin
Connection to
Encryption Board
Switching
Regulator
Circuit
Audio
Circuit
32K x 8
EEPROM
32K x 8
SRAM
1M x 8
FLASH
HC11F1
µP
SLIC
MAEPF-25993-O
12-pin
Connection to
Keypad Module
7-pin
Connection to
Display Module
Controller Board
41-pin
Connection to
Controls/Universal
Connector
2-5
Vocoder Board
Overview The vocoder board (see Figure 1) contains the radio’s DSP and ADSIC
circuitry. It is responsible for all voice and data processing and
signalling.
The DSP performs all signalling and voice encoding and decoding as
well as audio filtering and volume control. This includes Private-
Line®/Digital Private Line™ (PL/DPL) encode and alert-tone
generation. The IC transmits pre-emphasis on analog signals and
applies a low-pass (splatter) filter to all transmitted signals. It is
programmed using parallel programming from the microcontrol unit
and the ADSIC.
The DSP executes a stored program located in its FLASH ROM. The
code is actually moved out of the FLASH ROM to the DSP’s high-speed
SRAM, and executed from there.
The DSP also controls a crystal pull circuit to adjust its oscillator
frequency, preventing harmonics from interfering with the radio’s
receive channel.
The ADSIC performs analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog
conversions on audio signals. It contains attenuators for volume,
squelch, deviation, and compensation, and it executes receiver
filtering and discrimination. The IC requires a 2.4MHz clock to
function (generated by the ABACUS IC) and is programmed by the
microcontrol unit SPI bus.
2-6
Notes
3-1
Radio Power 3
Introduction to
This Section This section of the manual provides a detailed circuit description of
the power distribution for an ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 radio.
General In the ASTRO XTS 3000 radio, power (B+) is distributed to two boards:
the transceiver board and the controller board. In the case of a secure
model radio, B+ is also supplied to the encryption module.
Power for the radio is provided through a battery supplying a nominal
7.5Vdc directly to the transceiver. The battery is available in the
following forms:
•Nickel-Cadmium, 1525 mAh
•Nickel-Cadmium, 1525 mAh, FM Approved
•Nickel-Metal-Hydride, 1650 mAh
•Nickel-Metal-Hydride, 1650 mAh, FM Approved
B+ from the battery is electrically switched to most of the radio, rather
than routed through the on/off/volume control knob, S1. The
electrical switching of B+ supports a “keep-alive” mode. Under
software control, even when the on/off/volume control knob has been
turned to the “off” position, power remains on until the MCU
completes its power-down, at which time the radio is physically
powered-down.
B+ Routing for
VHF/UHF
Transceiver Boards
Refer to Figure 2 and the appropriate schematic diagram.
Raw B+ (7.5V) from the battery (Batt B+) enters the radio on the
transceiver board through a 3-contact connector (J3). From J3 it is
routed through two ferrite beads (E1, E101) on the VHF board, or three
ferrite beads (E1, E101, E106) on the UHF board, to the RF power
amplifier module (U105) and ALC IC (U101). Battery B+ is fused, and
then routed through connector J1, pins 15 and 20, to the controller
board (P201, pins 15 and 20). The B+ supply is routed through the
controller board to the on/off/volume control knob (S1) on the
control top/PTT flex at plug P101. With the mechanical on/off switch
(S1) placed in the “on” position, switched B+ (B+ SENSE) is routed
from the control top flex at connector plug P101, pin 32, and applied
to the controller board at connector jack J101, pin 32. This signal is
also fed to resistive divider R170, R172 on the controller board, so that
the microcontrol unit (U701) can monitor the battery voltage.
3-2
The switched B+ voltage supplies power to circuits on the transceiver
board. This voltage is applied to the 5-volt regulator (U202) via
decoupling component C302 to produce a stable 5.0-volt output. Raw
B+ (7.5V), which is connected to the ALC IC (U101), is switched
through the output (CATH1) to another 5-volt regulator (U106).
Regulator U202 supplies those circuits which need to remain on at all
times, such as the reference oscillator (U203), fractional-N synthesizer
(U204), D/A IC (U102), and the ABACUS IC (U401). The D/A IC
controls dc switching of the transceiver board. The SC1 signal at U102,
pin 12 controls transistors Q107, Q111, and the transmit 5 volts (T5).
The SC3 signal at U102, pin C4 controls the Rx 5V switch U106, and
the receive 5 volts (R5). A voltage on the synthesizer SOUT line at
U204, pin 19 supplies power (Vcc) to the VCO buffer at U201, pin 3.
During the receive mode, regulator U106 supplies regulated 5V (R5) to
the receiver front end. In the battery-saver mode, R5 can be switched
on and off by controlling pin 3 of U106. Module U106 is not used
during the transmit mode. During the transmit mode, transmit 5 volts
(T5) for the ALC IC and other TX circuitry is obtained from U202 via
switching transistor Q111.
Battery
7.5V
+
RF PA Module
U105
5V Regulator
U202
VCOB IC
U201
ALC U101
T5
L105
CR108
RX
L122
L121 Vcc
RF Amp
U1/Q1
Mixer
U2 Q107
R5
5V Regulator
U106
SB+
VHF/UHF Transceiver Board
MAEPF-25994-O
CR109
5V
S
Out
Fuse
To/From Controller Board
SW B+
UNSW B+
Raw B+
T5
RX/TX
Ref Osc
U203 ABACUS
U401 D/A IC
U102
Synth
U204 IF Amp
Q601
Figure 2 B+ Routing for VHF/UHF Transceiver Boards
3-3
B+ Routing for
800MHz
Transceiver Boards
Refer to Figure 3 and the appropriate schematic diagram.
Raw B+ (7.5V) from the battery (Batt B+) enters the radio on the
transceiver board through a 3-contact connector (J3). From J3 it is
routed through four ferrite beads (E1, E2, E3, E4) and applied to the RF
power amplifier (U502) and the ALC IC (U504). Battery B+ is fused and
then routed to the controller board, where it enters on connector J1,
pins 15 and 20. On secure radios, Raw B+ is also routed to the
encryption board so that it can perform key management and other
functions independent of SW B+.
The SW B+ is applied to the 5V regulator (U305) to produce a stable
5.0 volt output. Regulator U305 supplies those circuits which need to
remain on at all times, such as the reference oscillator (U304),
fractional-N synthesizer (U302), D/A IC (U503), and the ABACUS IC
(U401). The D/A IC controls dc switching of the transceiver board. The
SCI signal at U503, pin B4 controls Q503 and transmit 5 volts (T5). The
SC3 signal at U503, pin C4 controls the RX 5V switch in Q503 and the
receive 5 volts (R5). During the receive mode, switch Q503 supplies
regulated 5volts (R5) to the receiver front end.
Ref Osc
U304 ABACUS
U401 D/A IC
U503
Synth
U302
VCOB IC
U303
VCO
U307
5V Regulator
U305
RF PA
Module
U502
RF Amp
U202
Mixer
U205
Q503
ALC
U504
Rx 800MHz Transceiver Board
5V
SW B+ Raw B+
UNSW B+
IF Amp
Q601
MAEPF-25995-O
CR104 L101
CR102
Fuse
Battery
7.5V
+
To/From Controller Board
Figure 3 B+ Routing for 800MHz Transceiver Boards
3-4
B+ and +5V Routing
for Controller and
Vocoder Boards
Refer to Figures 4 and 5 and the appropriate schematic diagrams.
Power for the radio is derived from a 7.5 volt battery, which is applied
to the transceiver board through J3. This Raw B+, or unswitched B+
(UNSW B+), is routed to J1 on the transceiver board and then on to
P201 on the controller board. Here the UNSW B+ is forwarded to the
radio’s control top on/off/volume knob through J101 and a flex
circuit. The on/off/volume knob controls B+_SENSE to Q105, which in
turn controls Q106. Transistor Q106 is a solid-state power switch that
provides SW B+ to the controller and transceiver board’s analog 5V
regulators, the audio PA, and back to the transceiver board. In
addition, UNSW B+ is routed to the main digital 5V regulator (U709);
B+ SENSE provides for enabling or disabling this regulator.
In the case of a secure radio model, SW B+ and UNSW B+ are also
supplied to the encryption module through J601.
Q106 is also under the control of the microcontrol unit (MC—-U701)
through a port on the SLIC IC (U702). This allows the MCU to follow
an orderly power-down sequence when it senses the SW B+ is off. This
sense is provided through the resistor network of R170 and R172,
which provides an input to the A/D port on the MCU.
The controller board contains two 5V regulators partitioned between
the digital logic circuitry and the analog circuitry. The 5V regulator for
the digital circuitry consists of U709, D104, L119, C180, and
associated components. This circuit is a switched mode regulator.
Switched mode regulators use a switched storage device (L119) to
supply just enough energy to the output to maintain regulation. This
allows for much greater efficiency and lower power dissipation. This
+5V digital supply powers all digital ICs on both the controller and
vocoder boards, as well as the display and keypad modules.
The analog circuitry of the ADSIC (U406) and the audio PA (U718) is
powered through a separate 5V linear regulator (U710).
It should also be noted that a system reset is provided by U726. This
device brings the system out of reset on power-up. It provides a system
reset to the microcomputer on power-down or if the digital 5V
regulator falls out of regulation.
3-5
5V Regulator
U710
Controller
Board
To Vocoder
Board
To Vocoder
Board
Keypad
Module Display
Module
Controls Flex
On/Off Switch
On Off
S1
B+_Sense
UNSW_B+
SW_B+
Secure
Module
UNSW_B+
UNSW_B+ SW_B+
P201
To/From
RF Board Switch
Q106
SW_B+ Audio PA
U718
Q105
+5V Digital
+5V Analog
B+_CNTL 5V Regulator
U709
SLIC V
U702
32K x 8
EEPROM
U706
1M x 8
FLASH
U727
32K x 8
SRAM
U705
HC11F1
MCU
U701
MAEPF-25996-O
Figure 4 B+ Routing for Controller Board
3-6
Figure 5 +5V Routing for Vocoder Board
Vocoder Board
+5V Digital
From Controller
Board
+5V Analog
From Controller
Board
32K x 8
SRAM
U401
32K x 8
SRAM
U402
32K x 8
SRAM
U403
256K x 8
FLASH
U404
ADSIC
U406
DSP56001A
U405
MAEPF-25997-O
4-1
VHF/UHF Transceiver Board
Detailed Theory of Operation 4
Introduction to
This Section This section of the manual provides a detailed circuit description of
the ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 VHF and UHF transceiver boards. When
reading the theory of operation, refer to the appropriate schematic and
component location diagrams located in the back section of this
manual. This detailed theory of operation will help isolate the
problem to a particular component.
Frequency
Generation Unit
(FGU)
The frequency generation unit (FGU) consists of three major sections:
the high stability reference oscillator (U203), the fractional-N
synthesizer (U204,) and the VCO buffer (U201). A 5V regulator (U202),
supplies power to the FGU. The synthesizer receives the 5V REG at
U204, and applies it to a filtering circuit within the module and
capacitor C253. The well-filtered 5-volt output at U204, pin 19 is
distributed to the TX and RX VCOs and the VCO buffer IC. The mixer’s
LO injection signal and transmit frequency are generated by the RX
VCO and TX VCO respectively. The RX VCO uses an external active
device (Q202), whereas the VHF TX VCO’s active device is a transistor
inside the VCO buffer. The UHF TX VCO uses two active devices, one
external (Q203) and the other internal to the VCO buffer. The base and
emitter connections of this internal transistor are pins 11 and 12 of
U201.
The RX VCO is a Colpitts-type oscillator, with capacitors C235 and
C236 providing feedback. The RX VCO transistor (Q202) is turned on
when pin 38 of U204 switches from high to low. The RX VCO signal is
received by the VCO buffer at U201, pin 9, where it is amplified by a
buffer inside the IC. The amplified signal at pin 2 is routed through a
low-pass filter (L201 and associated capacitors) and injected as the first
LO signal into the mixer (U2, pin 8). In the VCO buffer, the RX VCO
signal (or the TX VCO signal during transmit) is also routed to an
internal prescaler buffer. The buffered output at U201, pin 16 is
applied to a low-pass filter (L205 and associated capacitors). After
filtering, the signal is routed to a prescaler divider in the synthesizer at
U204, pin 21.
The divide ratios for the prescaler circuits are determined from
information stored in a codeplug, which is part of the microcontrol
unit (U701 on the controller board). The microprocessor extracts data
for the division ratio as determined by the position of the channel-
select switch (U1), and busses the signal to a comparator in the
synthesizer. A 16.8MHz reference oscillator, U203, applies the
16.8MHz signal to the synthesizer at U204 pin 14. The oscillator signal
is divided into one of three pre-determined frequencies. A time-based
algorithm is used to generate the fractional-N ratio.
4-2
If the two frequencies in the synthesizer’s comparator differ, a control
(error) voltage is produced. The phase detector error voltage (V
control) at pins 31 and 33 of U204 is applied to the loop filter
consisting of resistors R211, R212, and R213, and capacitors C244,
C246, C247, and C248. The filtered voltage alters the VCO frequency
until the correct frequency is synthesized. The phase detector gain is
set by components connected to U204, pins 28 and 29.
In the TX mode, U204, pin 38 goes high and U201, pin 14 goes low,
which turns off transistor Q202 and turns on the internal TX VCO
transistor in U204 and the external TX VCO buffer Q203 on the UHF
circuit. The TX VCO feedback capacitors are C219 and C220. Varactor
diode CR203/CR207 sets the TX frequency while varactor CR202 is the
TX modulation varactor. The modulation of the carrier is achieved by
using a two-port modulation technique. The modulation of low-
frequency tones such as DPL/TPL is achieved by injecting the tones
into the A/D section of the fractional-N synthesizer. The digitized
signal is modulated by the fractional-N divider, generating the
required deviation. Modulation of the high-frequency audio signals is
achieved by modulating the varactor (CR203) through a frequency
compensation network. Resistors R207 and R208 form a potential
divider for the higher-frequency audio signals.
In order to cover the very wide bandwidths, positive and negative V-
control voltages are used. High control voltages are achieved using
positive and negative multipliers. The positive voltage multiplier
circuit consists of components CR204, C256, C257, and reservoir
capacitor C258.The negative multiplier circuit consists of components
CR205, CR206, C266, C267, and reservoir capacitor C254 in VHF and
UHF radios. Out-of-phase clocks for the positive multiplier appear at
U204, pins 9 and 10. Out-of-phase clocks for the negative multiplier
appear at U204, pins 7 and 8, and only when the negative V-control is
required (that is, when the VCO frequency exceeds the crossover
frequency). When the negative V-control is not required, transistor
Q201 is turned on, and capacitor C259 discharges. The 13V supply
generated by the positive multiplier is used to power-up the phase
detector circuitry. The negative V-control is applied to the anodes of
the VCO varactors.
The TX VCO signal is amplified by an internal buffer in U201, routed
through a low pass filter and routed to the TX PA module, U105, pin
1. The TX and RX VCOs and buffers are activated via a control signal
from U204, pin 38.
The reference oscillator supplies a 16.8MHz clock to the synthesizer
where it is divided down to a 2.1MHz clock. This divided-down clock
is fed to the ABACUS IC (U401), where it is further processed for
internal use.
4-3
Antenna Switch Two antenna switches are part of the radio circuitry. One of the
switches is a mechanical connector that attaches to the external
antenna bushing. It switches between the radio antenna and a remote
antenna. Switching is accomplished by a plunger located on the
accessory connector. With a remote antenna installed, continuity
between the radio antenna and the RF input line is broken; continuity
is made from the remote antenna to the radio RF line.
The second switch is a current device. It is a pair of diodes (CR108/
CR109) that electronically steer RF between the receiver and the
transmitter. In the transmit mode, RF is routed through transmit
switching diode CR108, and sent to the antenna. In the receive mode,
RF is received from the antenna, routed through receive switching
diode CR109, and applied to the RF amplifier, U1 (UHF), Q1 (VHF). In
transmit, bias current, sourced from U101, pin 21, is routed through
L105, U104, CR108, and L122 in VHF, and L105, CR108, and L122 in
UHF. Sinking of the bias current is through the transmit ALC module,
U101, pin 19. In the receive mode, bias current, sourced from switched
B+, is routed through Q107 (pin 3 to pin 2), L123 (UHF), L121, CR109,
and L122. Sinking of the bias current is through the 5-volt regulator,
U106, pin 8.
Receiver Front End The RF signal is received by the antenna and coupled through the
external RF switch. The UHF board applies the RF signal to a low-pass
filter comprising L126, L127, L128, C149, C150, and C151. The VHF
board bypasses the lowpass filter. The filtered RF signal is passed
through the antenna switch (CR109) and applied to a bandpass filter
comprising: VHF— L11 through L14, CR1 through CR9, C4, C2, and
C3, or UHF—L30, L31, L32, L34, L35, CR6 through CR9, C1, C2, and
C3. The bandpass filter is tuned by applying a control voltage to the
varactor diodes in the filter (CR1 through CR9 in VHF and CR6
through CR9 in UHF).
The bandpass filter is electronically tuned by the D/A IC (U102), which
is controlled by the microcomputer.The D/A output range is extended
through the use of a current mirror: transistor Q108 and associated
resistors R115 and R116. When Q108 is turned on via R115, the D/A
output is reduced due to the voltage drop across R116. Depending on
the carrier frequency, the microcomputer will turn Q108 on or off.
Wideband operation of the filter is achieved by retuning the bandpass
filter across the band.
The output of the bandpass filter is applied to a wideband GaAs RF
amplifier IC, U1 (RF AMP), on the UHF transceiver board. The VHF
board uses an active device for RF amplification (Q1). After being
amplified by the RF AMP, the RF signal is further filtered by a
second broadband, fixed-tuned, bandpass filter consisting of C6, C7,
C8, C80, C86, C87, C88, C97, C99, L3, L4, L5, and L30 (VHF); or C4
through C7, C88 through C94, C99, and L11 through L15 (UHF) to
improve the spurious rejection.
The filtered RF signal is routed through a broadband 50-ohm
transformer (T1) to the input of a broadband mixer/buffer (U2). Mixer
U2 uses GaAs FETs in a double-balanced, Gilbert Cell configuration.
4-4
The RF signal is applied to the mixer at U2 pins 1 and 15. An injection
signal (1st LO) of about -10dBm, supplied by the FGU, is applied to U2,
pin 8. Mixing of the RF and the 1st LO results in an output signal that
is the first IF frequency. The first IF frequencies of the VHF and UHF
bands are 45.15MHz and 73.35MHz respectively. The 1st LO signal for
VHF is 45.15MHz higher than the carrier frequency, while that for the
UHF is 73.35MHz lower than the carrier frequency. The 1st IF signal
output at U2, pins 4 and 6 is routed through transformer T2 and
impedance matching components, and applied to a two-pole crystal
filter (FL1), which is the final stage of the receiver front end. The two-
pole crystal filter removes unwanted mixer products. Impedance
matching between the output of the transformer (T2) and the input of
the filter (FL1) is accomplished by C605 and L605 (VHF); or C611,
C614, and L605 (UHF).
Receiver Back End The output of crystal filter FL1 is matched to the input of IF buffer
amplifier transistor Q601 by components C610 and L604 (VHF), and
C609, C610, and L600 (UHF). Transistor Q601 is biased by the 5V
regulator (U202). The IF frequency on the collector of Q601 is applied
to a second crystal filter through a matching circuit. The second crystal
filter (FL2) input is matched by C604, C603, and L601 (VHF); or C604,
L601, and L602 (UHF). The filter supplies further attenuation at the IF
sidebands to increase the radios selectivity. The output of FL2 routed
to pin 32 of U401 through a matching circuit which consists of L603,
L606, and C608 (VHF); or L603, C606, and C605 (UHF).
In the ABACUS IC (U401), the first IF frequency is amplified and then
down-converted to 450kHz, the second IF frequency. At this point, the
analog signal is converted into two digital bit streams by a sigma-delta
A/D converter. The bit streams are then digitally filtered, mixed down
to baseband, and filtered again. The differential output data stream is
then sent to the ADSIC (U406) on the vocoder board, where it is
decoded to produce the recovered audio.
The ABACUS IC (U401) is electronically programmable, and the
amount of filtering, which is dependent on the radio channel spacing
and signal type, is controlled by the microcomputer. Additional
filtering, which used to be provided externally by a conventional
ceramic filter, is replaced by internal digital filters in the ABACUS IC.
The ABACUS IC contains a feedback AGC circuit to expand the
dynamic range of the sigma-delta converter. The differential output
data contains the quadrature (I and Q) information in 16-bit words,
the AGC information in a 9-bit word, imbedded word sync
information, and fill bits dependent on sampling speed. A fractional-
N synthesizer is also incorporated on the ABACUS IC for 2nd LO
generation.
The 2nd LO/VCO is a Colpitts oscillator built around transistor Q401
(VHF) or Q1 (UHF). The VCO has a varactor diode, VR401 (VHF) or
CR5 (UHF), to adjust the VCO frequency. The control signal for the
varactor is derived from a loop filter consisting of C426, C428, and
R413.
4-5
Transmitter The transmitter consists of three major sections:
•Harmonic Filter
•RF Power Amplifier Module
•ALC Circuits
Harmonic Filter RF from the power amplifier (PA) module (U105) is routed through the
coupler (U104), passed through the transmit antenna switch (CR108),
and applied to a harmonic filtering network in UHF. In the case of a
VHF transceiver board, RF from the PA module (U105) is routed
through the coupler (U104), then through the harmonic filtering
network, and on to the antenna switch (CR108). The harmonic
filtering circuit is composed of the following components: L126, L127,
L128, C149, C150, and C151 (for VHF models); or L126, L127, L128,
C149, C150, and C151 (for UHF models). Resistor R128 (UHF) or R117
(VHF) provides a current-limited 5V to J2 for mobile ASTRO XTS 3000
vehicular adapter (VA) applications.
RF Power Amplifier
Module The RF power amplifier module (U105) is a wide-band, multi-stage
amplifier (three stages for the VHF models and four stages for the UHF
models). Nominal input and output impedance of U105 is 50 ohms.
The dc bias for U105 is on pins 2, 4, 5. In the transmit mode, the
voltage on U105, pins 2 and 4 (close to the B+ level) is obtained via
switching transistor Q101. Transistor Q101 receives its control base
signal as follows:
•the microcomputer keys the D/A IC to produce a ready signal at
U102 pin 3,
•the ready signal at U102 pin 3 is applied to the TX ALC IC at U101
pin 14 (5V), and
•the synthesizer sends a LOC signal to the TX ALC IC (U204 pin 40
to U101 pin 16).
When the LOC signal and the ready signal are both received, the TX
ALC IC (pin 13) sends a control signal to turn on transistor Q101.
ALC Circuits Coupler module U104 samples the forward and reverse power of the
PA output voltage. Reverse power is present when there is other than
50 ohms impedance at the antenna port. Sampling is achieved by
coupling some of the forward and/or reverse power, and applying it to
CR102 (VHF) or CR101 (UHF) and CR103 for rectification and
summing. The resultant dc signal is then applied to the TX ALC IC
(U101, pin 2) as RFDET to be used as an RF strength indicator.
The transmit ALC circuit, built around U101, is the heart of the power
control loop. Circuits in the TX ALC module compare the signals at
U101, pins 2 and 7. The resultant signal, C BIAS, at U101, pin 4 is
applied to the base of transistor Q110. In response to the base drive,
transistor Q110 varies the dc control voltages applied to the RF PA at
U105, pin 3, thus controlling the RF power of module (U105).
Thermistor RT101 senses the temperature of the TX ALC IC. If an
abnormal operating condition exists that causes the PA slab
temperature to rise to an unacceptable level, the thermistor forces the
ALC to reduce the set power.
4-6
Notes
5-1
800MHz Transceiver Board
Detailed Theory of Operation 5
Introduction to
This Section This section of the manual provides a detailed circuit description of an
ASTRO Digital XTS 3000 800MHz Transceiver Board. When reading
the theory of operation, refer to your appropriate schematic and
component location diagrams located in the back section of this
manual. This detailed theory of operation will help isolate the
problem to a particular component.
Frequency Synthesis The complete synthesizer subsystem consists of the reference oscillator
(U304), the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)(U307), a buffer IC
(U303), and the synthesizer (U302).
The reference oscillator contains a temperature-compensated
16.8MHz crystal. This oscillator is digitally tuned and contains a
temperature-referenced, five-bit, analog-to-digital (A/D) converter.
The output of the oscillator (pin 10 on U304) is applied to pin 14
(XTAL1) on U302 through capacitor C309 and resistor R306.
Module U307, the voltage-controlled oscillator, is varactor tuned. That
is, as the voltage (2-11V) being applied to pins 1 and 7 of the VCO
varies, so does the varactor’s capacitance, thereby changing the VCO’s
output frequency. The 800MHz VCO is a dual-range oscillator that
covers the 806-825MHz and the 851-870MHz frequency bands. The
low-band VCO (777-825MHz) provides the first LO injection
frequencies (777-797MHz) that will be 73.35MHz below the carrier
frequency. In addition, when the radio is operated through a repeater,
the low-band VCO will generate the transmit frequencies (806-
825MHz) that will be 45MHz below the receiver frequencies. The low-
band VCO is selected by pulling pin 3 high and pin 8 low on U307.
When radio-to-radio or talk-around operation is necessary, the high
band VCO (851-870MHz) is selected. This is accomplished by pulling
pin 3 low and pin 8 high on U307.
The buffer IC (U303) includes a TX, RX, and prescaler buffer whose
main purpose is to individually maintain a constant output and
provide isolation.The TX buffer is chosen by setting pin 7 of U303
high; the RX buffer is chosen by setting pin 7 of U303 low. The
prescaler buffer will always be on. In order to select the proper
combination of VCO and buffer, the following conditions must be true
at pin 6 of U303 (or pin 38 of U302) and pin 7 of U303 (or pin 39 of
U302):
•for the first LO injection frequencies 777-797MHz, pins 6 and 7
must both be low;
•for the TX repeater frequencies 806-825MHz, pins 6 and 7 must
5-2
both be high;
•for talkaround TX frequencies 851-870MHz, pin 6 must be low
while pin 7 must be high.
The synthesizer IC (U302) consists of a prescaler, a programmable loop
divider, a divider control logic, a phase detector, a charge pump, an
A/D converter for low-frequency digital modulation, a balance
attenuator to balance the high-frequency analog modulation to the
low-frequency digital modulation, a 13V positive-voltage multiplier, a
serial interface for control, and finally, a filter for the regulated 5 volts.
This filtered five volts is present at pin 19 of U302, pin 9 of U307, and
pins 2, 3, 4, and 15 of U303. It is also applied directly to resistors R309,
R315, and R311. Additionally, the 13V, being generated by the positive
voltage multiplier circuitry, should be present at pin 35 of U302. The
serial interface (SRL) is connected to the microprocessor via the data
line (pin 2 of U302), clock line (pin 3 of U302), and chip-enable line
(pin 4 of U302).
The complete synthesizer subsystem works as follows:
• The output of the VCO, pin 4 on U307, is fed into the RF input
port (pin 9) of U303. In the TX mode, the RF signal will be present
at pin 4 of U303; in the RX mode, the RF signal will be present at
pin 3 of U303.
•The output of the prescaler buffer, pin 15 of U303, is applied to the
PREIN port (pin 21) of U302. The prescaler in U302 is a dual-
modulus type with selectable divider ratios. This divider ratio is
controlled by the loop divider, which in turn receives its inputs
from the SRL. The loop divider adds or subtracts phase to the
prescaler divider by changing the divide ratio via the modulus
control line.
•The output of the prescaler is then applied to the loop divider.
•The output of the loop divider is then applied to the phase
detector. The phase detector will then compare the loop divider’s
output signal with the signal from U304 (that is divided down
after it is applied to pin 14 of U302). The result of the signal
comparison is a pulsed dc signal which is applied to the charge
pump.
•The charge pump outputs a current that will be present at pin 32
of U302. The loop filter (which consists of capacitors C322, C317,
C318, C329, C324, and C315, and resistors R307, R305, and R314)
will transform this current into a voltage that will be applied to
pins 1 and 7 of U307, and alter the VCO’s output frequency.
In order to modulate the PLL, the two-port modulation method is
utilized. The analog modulating signal is applied to the A/D converter
as well as the balance attenuator, via U302, pin 5. The A/D converter
converts the low-frequency analog modulating signal into a digital
code that is applied to the loop divider, thereby causing the carrier to
deviate. The balance attenuator is used to adjust the VCO’s deviation
sensitivity to high-frequency modulating signals.
5-3
Antenna Switch Switching between the standard and external antenna ports is
accomplished with the external mechanical switch that is actuated by
a plunger, located on the accessory connector.
An electronic PIN diode switch steers RF between the receiver and
transmitter. The common node of the switch is at capacitor C101. In
the transmit mode, RF is routed to the anode of diode CR104. In
receive mode, RF is routed to pin 1 of U201. In transmit, bias current,
sourced from U504, pin 21 is routed through PIN diodes CR104 and
CR102, biasing them to a low-impedance state. Bias current returns to
ground through U504, pin 20. In receive, U504, pin 21 is pulled down
to ground and pin 20 is pulled up to B+, reverse-biasing diodes CR104
and CR102 to a high impedance.
Receiver Front End For the purposes of this discussion, the receiver front end is defined as
being the circuitry from the antenna switch to the output of the IF
crystal filter. The 800MHz front end converts the received RF signal to
the 1st IF frequency of 73.35MHz, while at the same time providing for
spurious immunity and adjacent channel selectivity. A review of the
interstage components of the front end will now be presented, with
emphasis on troubleshooting considerations.
The received RF signal is passed through antenna switch input
matching components C101, L105, and C114, tank components C106
and L103 (which are anti-resonant at the radios transmitter
frequencies), and output matching components C103 and L104. Both
pin diodes CR102 and CR104 must be back-biased to properly route
the received signal.
The stage following the antenna switch is a 50-ohm, inter-digitated,
three-pole, stripline preselector (U201). The preselector is positioned
after the antenna switch to provide the receiver preamp with some
protection to strong signal, out-of-band signals.
After the preselector (U201), the received signal is processed through
the receiver preamp, U202. The preamp is a dual-gate, GaAs MESFET
transistor which has been internally biased for optimum IM, NF, and
gain performance. Components L201 and L202 match the input (gate
1) of the amp to the first preselector, while at the same time
connecting gate 1 to ground potential. The output (drain) of the amp
is pin 7, and is matched to the subsequent receiver stage through
components L204 and C222. A supply voltage of 5Vdc is provided to
pin 3 through RF choke L203 and bypass capacitor C204. The 5-volt
supply is also present at pin 4, which connects to a voltage divider
network that biases gate 2 (pin 5) to a predefined quiescent voltage of
1.2Vdc. Resistor R202 and capacitor C203 are connected to pin 5 to
provide amp stability. The FET source (pin 3) is internally biased at
0.55 to 0.7Vdc for proper operation with bypass capacitors C201 and
C202, connected to the same node.
The output of the amp is matched to a second three-pole preselector
(U203) of the type previously discussed. The subsequent stage in the
receiver chain is the 1st mixer, U205, which uses low-side injection to
convert the RF carrier to an intermediate frequency (IF) of 73.35MHz.
5-4
Since low-side injection is used, the LO frequency is offset below the
RF carrier by 73.35MHz, or Flo = Frf - 73.35MHz. The mixer utilizes
GaAs FETs in a double-balanced, Gilbert Cell configuration. The LO
port (pin 8) incorporates an internal buffer and a phase shift network
to eliminate the need for a LO transformer. The LO buffer bypass
capacitors (C208, C221, and C216) are connected to pin 10 of U205,
and should exhibit a nominal dc voltage of 1.2 to 1.4Vdc. Pin 11 of
U205 is LO buffer Vdd (5Vdc), with associated bypass capacitors C226
and C209 connected to the same node. An internal voltage divider
network within the LO buffer is bypassed to virtual ground at pin 12
of U205 through bypass capacitor C213. The mixer’s LO port is
matched to the radio’s PLL by a capacitive tap, C207 and C206.
A balun transformer (T202) is used to couple the RF signal into the
mixer. The primary winding of T202 is matched to the preceding stage
by capacitor C223, with C227 providing a dc block to ground. The
secondary winding of T202 provides a differential output, with a 180°
phase differential being achieved by setting the secondary center tap
to virtual ground using bypass capacitors C210, C211 and C212. The
secondary of transformer T202 is connected to pins 1 and 15 of the
mixer IC, which drives the source leg of dual FETs used to toggle the
paralleled differential amplifier configuration within the Gilbert Cell.
The final stage in the receiver front end is a two-pole crystal filter (FL1).
The crystal filter provides some of the receiver’s adjacent channel
selectivity. The input to the crystal filter is matched to the 1st mixer
using components L605, C600, and C614. The output of the crystal
filter is matched to the input of IF buffer amplifier transistor Q601 by
components L600, C609, and C610.
Receiver Back End The IF frequency on the collector of Q601 is applied to a second crystal
filter (FL2) through a matching circuit consisting of L601, L602, C604,
and C612. The filter supplies further attenuation at the IF sidebands to
increase the radio’s selectivity. The output of FL2 is routed to pin 32 of
U401 through a matching circuit consisting of L603, C603, and C606,
and dc block capacitor C613.
In the ABACUS IC (U401), the first IF frequency is amplified and then
down-converted to 450kHz, the second IF frequency. At this point, the
analog signal is converted into two digital bit streams by a sigma-delta
A/D converter. The bit streams are then digitally filtered, mixed down
to baseband, and filtered again. The differential output data stream is
then sent to the ADSIC (U406) on the vocoder board, where it is
decoded to produce the recovered audio.
The ABACUS IC (U401) is electronically programmable, and the
amount of filtering, which is dependent on the radio channel spacing
and signal type, is controlled by the microcomputer. Additional
filtering, which used to be provided externally by a conventional
ceramic filter, is replaced by internal digital filters in the ABACUS IC.
The ABACUS IC contains a feedback AGC circuit to expand the
dynamic range of the sigma-delta converter. The differential output
data contains the quadrature (I and Q) information in 16-bit words,
the AGC information in a 9-bit word, imbedded word sync
information, and fill bits, dependent on sampling speed. A fractional-
N synthesizer is also incorporated on the ABACUS IC for 2nd LO
generation.
5-5
The second LO/VCO is a Colpitts oscillator built around transistor Q1.
The VCO has a varactor diode (VR401), which is used to adjust the
VCO frequency. The control signal for the varactor is derived from a
loop filter consisting of C426, C428, and R413.
Transmitter The 800MHz RF power amplifier (PA) is a five-stage amplifier (U502).
The RF power amplifier has a nominal input and output impedance of
50 ohms.
An RF input drive level of approximately +3dBm, supplied from the
VCO buffer IC (U303), is applied to pin 1 of U502. The dc bias for the
internal stages of U502 is applied to pins 3 and 4 of the module; pin 3
is switched through Q502 and pin 4 is unswitched B+ to the final
amplifier stage. Power control is achieved through the varying of the
dc bias to pin 2, the third and fourth amplifier stages of the module.
The amplified RF signal leaves the PA module at pin 5 and is applied
to the directional coupler (U501).
The purpose of U501 is to sample both the forward power and the
reverse power. The reverse power will be present when there is other
than a 50-ohm load at the antenna port. The sampling will be
achieved by coupling some of the reflected power, forward and/or
reverse, to a coupled leg on the coupler. The sampled RF signals are
applied to diode CR501 for rectification and summing. The resultant
dc signal is applied to the ALC IC (U504, pin 2) as RFDET, to be used
as an indicator of the strength of the RF signal being passed through
the directional coupler (U501).
The transmit ALC IC (U504) is the heart of the power control loop. The
REF V line (U504 pin 7), a dc signal supplied from the D/A IC (U503),
and the RF DET signal described earlier, are compared internally in the
ALC IC to determine the amount of C BIAS, pin 4, to be applied to the
base of transistor Q501. Transistor Q501 responds to the base drive
level by varying the dc control voltages applied to pin 2 of the RF PA,
controlling the RF power level of module, U502. The ALC IC also
controls the base switching to transistor Q502 via pin 12, BIAS.
The D/A IC (U503) controls the dc switching of the transceiver board.
Its outputs, SC1 and SC3, pins 12 and 14 respectively, control
transistor Q503, which then supplies TX 5V and RX 5V to the
transceiver board. The D/A also supplies the dc bias to the detector
diode (CR501) via pin 7, and the REF V signal to the ALC IC (U504).
5-6
Notes