TRENDNET TEW635-657 802.11N Wireless ADSL Router User Manual Wireless ADSL VPN Router

TRENDNET, Inc. 802.11N Wireless ADSL Router Wireless ADSL VPN Router

657 user manual 2

System Device Name The current name of the Router. This name is also the "hostname" for users with an "@Home" type connection. Firmware Version The version of the current firmware installed. Buttons Connection Details Click this button to open a sub-window and view a detailed description of the current connection. Attached Devices This will open a sub-window, showing all LAN and Wireless devices currently on the network. Refresh Screen Update the data displayed on screen. 35B
Connection Status - PPPoE & PPPoA If using PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet) or PPPoA (PPP over ATM), a screen like the following example will be displayed when the "Connection Details" button is clicked. Data - PPPoE/PPPoA Screen Connection Time This indicates how long the current connection has been estab-lished. PPPoE Link Status This indicates whether or not the connection is currently estab-lished. • If the connection does not exist, the "Connect" button can be used to establish a connection. • If the connection currently exists, the "Disconnect" button can be used to break the connection. Negotiation This indicates the status of the PPPoE Server login. IP Address The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider). Network Mask The Network Mask associated with the IP Address above. Buttons Connect If not connected, establish a connection to your ISP. Disconnect If connected to your ISP, hang up the connection. Close Close this window. 36B 54
Connection Details - Dynamic IP Address If your access method is "Direct" (no login), with a Dynamic IP address, a screen like the following example will be displayed when the "Connection Details" button is clicked. Data - Dynamic IP address Internet IP Address The current IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider). Network Mask The Network Mask associated with the IP Address above. Default Gateway The IP address of the remote Gateway or Router associated with the IP Address above. DHCP Server The IP address of your ISP's DHCP Server. DNS Server The IP address of the Domain Name Server which is currently used. Lease Obtained Lease Expires This indicates when the current IP address was obtained, and how long before this IP address allocation (the DCHP lease) expires. Buttons Release If an IP Address has been allocated to the Wireless ADSL Router (by the ISP's DHCP Server, clicking the "Release" button will break the connection and release the IP Address. Renew If the ISP's DHCP Server has NOT allocated an IP Address for the Wireless ADSL Router, clicking the "Renew" button will attempt to re-establish the connection and obtain an IP Address from the ISP's DHCP Server. Close Close this window.
Connection Details - Fixed IP Address If your access method is "Direct" (no login), with a fixed IP address, a screen like the follow-ing example will be displayed when the "Connection Details" button is clicked. Data - Fixed IP address Screen Internet IP Address The IP Address of this device, as seen by Internet users. This address is allocated by your ISP (Internet Service Provider). Network Mask The Network Mask associated with the IP Address above. Default Gateway The IP Address of the remote Gateway or Router associated with the IP Address above. DNS Server The IP Address of the Domain Name Server which is currently used. 56
Advanced Features Overview The following advanced features are provided: • Internet: • DMZ • URL filter • Access Control • Dynamic DNS • Options • Schedule • Port Trigger • Port Forward • Port Range Forward • QoS Internet This screen provides access to the DMZ and URL Filter features. DMZ This feature, if enabled, allows the DMZ computer on your LAN to be exposed to all users on the Internet. 57
• This allows almost any application to be used on the "DMZ PC". • The "DMZ PC" will receive all "Unknown" connections and data. • If the DMZ feature is enabled, you must enter the IP address of the PC to be used as the "DMZ PC". The "DMZ PC" is effectively outside the Firewall, mak-ing it more vulnerable to attacks. For this reason, you should only enable the DMZ feature when required. URL Filter If you want to limit access to certain sites on the Internet, you can use this feature. The URL filter will check each Web site access. If the address, or part of the address, is included in the block site list, access will be denied. On the Advanced Internet screen, select the desired setting: • Disable - disable this feature. • Block Always - allow blocking all of the time, independent of the Schedule page. • Block By Schedule - block according to the settings on the Schedule page. Click the Configure URL Filter button to open the URL Filter screen, allowing you to create or modify the filter strings which determine which sites will be blocked. The URL Filter screen is displayed when the Configure URL Filter button on the Internet screen is clicked. 58
Data - URL Filter Screen Current Filter Strings Current Filter Strings The list contains the current list of items to block. • To add to the list, use the "Add" option below. • To delete an entry, select it and click Delete button. • To delete all entries, click the Delete All button. Add Filter String To add to the current list, type the word or domain name you want to block into the field provided, then click the Add button. Filter strings should be as specific as possible. Otherwise, you may block access to many more sites than intended. Trusted PC Allow this PC.. Enable this to allow one computer to have unrestricted access to the Internet. For this PC, the URL filter will be ignored. If enabled, you must select the PC to be the trusted PC. Trusted PC Select the PC to be the Trusted PC.
Access Control This feature is accessed by the Access Control link on the Advanced menu. Overview The Access Control feature allows administrators to restrict the level of Internet Access avail-able to PCs on your LAN. With the default settings, everyone has unrestricted Internet access. Restrictions are imposed by blocking "Services", or types of connections. All common Services are pre-defined. If required, you can also define your own Services. Access Control Screen To view this screen, select the Access Control link on the Advanced menu. Data - Access Control Screen Internet Access Access Control Select the desired options for the current group: • Disable - Nothing is blocked. Use this to create the least restrictive group. • Block all Internet access - All traffic via the WAN port is blocked. Use this to create the most restrictive group. • Block selected Services - You can select which Services are to block. Use this to gain fine control over the Internet access for a group. 60
Blocked Services This lists all defined Services. Select the Services you wish to block. To select multiple services, hold the CTRL key while selecting. (On the Macintosh, hold the SHIFT key rather than CTRL.) Schedule If Internet access is being blocked, you can choose to apply the blocking only during scheduled times. (If access is not blocked, no Scheduling is possible, and this setting has no effect.) Trusted PCs Click to Enable Trusted PC If enabled, restrictions set on this screen do not apply to Trusted PCs. "Set Trusted PCs" Button Click this button to add or remove PCs of the Trusted PCs. See the following section for details of the Trusted PCs screen. Trusted PC Screen This screen is displayed when the Set Trusted PCs button on the Access Control screen is clicked. Use this screen to add or remove PCs from the current group. • The "Del >>" button will remove the selected PC (in the Trusted PCs list) from the current group. • The "<< Add" button will add the selected PC (in the Other PCs list) to the Trusted PCs group.
Dynamic DNS (Domain Name Server) This free service is very useful when combined with the Virtual Server feature. It allows Internet users to connect to your Virtual Servers using a URL, rather than an IP Address. This also solves the problem of having a dynamic IP address. With a dynamic IP address, your IP address may change whenever you connect, which makes it difficult to connect to you. DDNS Services work as follows: 1. You must register for the service at one of the listed DDNS Service providers. 2. After registration, use the Service provider's normal procedure to obtain your desired Domain name. 3. Enter your DDNS data on the Wireless ADSL Router's DDNS screen, and enable the DDNS feature. 4. The Wireless ADSL Router will then automatically ensure that your current IP Address is recorded at the DDNS service provider's Domain Name Server. 5. From the Internet, users will be able to connect to your Virtual Servers (or DMZ PC) using your Domain name, as shown on this screen. Dynamic DNS Screen Select Advanced on the main menu, then Dynamic DNS, to see a screen like the following: Data - Dynamic DNS Screen DDNS Service Use a Dynamic DNS Service Use this to enable or disable the DDNS feature as required. Service Provider Select the desired DDNS Service provider. Web Site Click this button to open a new window and connect to the Web site 62
of the selected DDNS service provider. DDNS Data Host Name Enter the domain name allocated to you by the DDNS Service. If you have more than one name, enter the name you wish to use. User Name Enter your Username for the DDNS Service. (TZO.com uses your E-mail address.) Password Enter your current password for the DDNS Service. (TZO.com calls this a key.) DDNS Status • This message is returned by the DDNS Server. • Normally, this message should be "Update successful" • If the message indicates some problem, you need to connect to the DDNS Service provider and correct this problem.
Options This screen allows advanced users to enter or change a number of settings. For normal opera-tion, there is no need to use this screen or change any settings. An example Options screen is shown below. Data - Options Screen Internet Respond to Ping • If checked, the Wireless Router will respond to Ping (ICMP) packets received from the Internet. • If not checked, Ping (ICMP) packets from the Internet will be ignored. Disabling this option provides a slight increase in securi-ty. MTU Size Enter a value between 600 and 1500. Note: MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) size should only be changed if advised to do so by Technical Support. UPnP UPnP • UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) allows automatic discovery and configuration of equipment attached to your LAN. UPnP is by supported Windows ME, XP, or later. • If Enabled, this device will be visible via UPnP. • If Disabled, this device will not be visible via UPnP. Advertisement Period Enter the desired value, in minutes. The valid range is from 1 to 1440. Advertisement Time to Live Enter the desired value, in hops. The valid range is from 1 to 255. 64
Schedule This Schedule can be used for the Firewall Rules and the URL filter. Data - Schedule Screen Schedule Day Each day of the week can scheduled independently. Session 1 Session 2 Two (2) separate sessions or periods can be defined. Session 2 can be left blank if not required. Start Enter the start using a 24 hr clock. Finish Enter the finish time using a 24 hr clock. Local Time Time Zone In order to display your local time correctly, you must select your "Time Zone" from the list. Adjust for Day-light Savings Time If your region uses Daylight Savings Time, you must manually check "Adjust for Daylight Savings Time" at the beginning of the adjustment period, and uncheck it at the end of the Daylight Savings period. Use this NTP Server If you prefer to use a particular NTP server as the primary NTP server, check the checkbox "Use this NTP Server" and enter the Server's IP address in the fields provided. If this setting is not enabled, the default NTP Servers are used. Current Time This displays the current time on the Wireless ADSL Router, at the time the page is loaded.
Port Trigger If you use Internet applications which use non-standard connections or port numbers, you may find that they do not function correctly because they are blocked by the Wireless ADSL Router's firewall. In this case, you can define the application as a "Port Trigger". The Port Trigger screen can be reached by clicking the Port Trigger on the screen. You can then define your Port Trigger. You will need detailed information about the applica-tion; this is normally available from the supplier of the application. Also, note that the terms "Incoming" and "Outgoing" on this screen refer to traffic from the client (PC) viewpoint Data - Port Trigger Screen Port Trigger Enable Use this to Enable or Disable this Special Application as required. Name Enter a descriptive name to identify this Special Application. Outgoing Ports • Type - Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used when you send data to the remote system or service. • Start - Enter the beginning of the range of port numbers used by the application server, for data you send to it. If the applica-tion uses a single port number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields. • Finish - Enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the application server, for data you send to it. If the application uses a single port number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields. 66
Incoming Ports • Type - Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used when you receive data from the special application or service. (Note: Some applications use different protocols for outgoing and in-coming data). • Start - Enter the beginning of the range of port numbers used by the application server, for data you receive. If the applica-tion uses a single port number, enter it in both the "Start" and "Finish" fields. • Finish - Enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the application server, for data you receive.
Port Forward This feature allows you to make Servers on your LAN accessible to Internet users. Normally, Internet users would not be able to access a server on your LAN because: • Your Server does not have a valid external IP Address. • Attempts to connect to devices on your LAN are blocked by the firewall in this device. Data - Single Port Forwarding Screen Port Forwarding Application Enter the desired application type. External Port Traffic from the Internet using this port number will be sent to the Server. This is normally the same as the Internal Port Number. If it is different, this device will perform a "mapping" or "translation" function, allowing the server to use a different port to the clients. Internal Port Enter the port numbers which the Server software is configured to use. Protocol Select the protocol (TCP or UDP) used by the Server. IP Address Enter the desired IP address. Enabled Use this to Enable or Disable support for this Server, as required. 68
Port Range Forward This feature allows you to make Servers on your LAN accessible to Internet users. Normally, Internet users would not be able to access a server on your LAN because: Data - Port Range Forwarding Screen Port Range Forwarding Application Enter the desired application type. Start Enter the beginning of the range of port numbers used by the application server. End Enter the end of the range of port numbers used by the application server. Protocol Select the protocol (TCP, UDP or Both) used by the Server. IP Address Enter the desired IP address. Enable Use this to Enable or Disable support for this Server, as required.
QoS The QoS (Quality of Service) feature allows you specify priorities for different traffic. Lower priority traffic will be slowed down to allow greater throughput or less delay for high priority traffic. An example QoS screen is shown below. Data - QoS Screen QoS Setting QoS Setting To disable QoS (Quality of Service), keep the default setting, Disable. To enable QoS (Quality of Service), click Enable and follow these instructions. WAN Setting Downlink Enter the desired value for the DownStream Connection. Uplink Enter the desired value for the UpStream Connection. Get from WAN Click this button to get the values for DownStream and UpStream from WAN. 70
Category • Normal-Applications: • Add a New Application (Once selected, please complete the following setups.) • Ip/Net: Enter the IP addresses. • Outbound Rate: Enter the desired rate value. • Inbound Rate: Enter the desired rate value. • Priority: Select the desired option (High, Normal, Low) • Self-Define • Name. Enter a name for your device. • Port Range: Enter the values for the desired port range. • Protocol: Select the desired option. • Ip/Net: Enter the IP addresses of your device. • Outbound Rate: Enter the desired rate value. • Inbound Rate: Enter the desired rate value. • Priority: Select the option (High, Normal, Low) from the list. • Special-Applications: • Add a New Application (Once selected, please complete the following setups.) • Ip/Net: Enter the IP addresses. • Outbound Rate: Enter the desired rate value. • Inbound Rate: Enter the desired rate value. • Priority: Select the desired option (High, Normal, Low) Summary Priority The priority of the application. Name The Name of this Application or IP Address. Information The general Information of this Application or IP Address.
Advanced Administration Overview Normally, it is not necessary to use these screens, or change any settings. These screens and settings are provided to deal with non-standard situations, or to provide additional options for advanced users. The available settings and features are: PC Database This is the list of PCs shown when you select the "DMZ PC" or a "Virtual Server". This database is maintained automatically, but you can add and delete entries for PCs which use a Fixed (Static) IP Address. Config File Backup or restore the configuration file for the Wireless ADSL Router. This file contains all the configuration data. Logs & Email View or clear all logs, set E-Mailing of log files and alerts. Diagnostics Perform a Ping or DNS Lookup. Remote Admin Allow settings to be changed from the Internet. Routing Only required if your LAN has other Routers or Gateways. Upgrade Firmware Upgrade the Firmware (software) installed in your Wireless ADSL Router. 72
PC Database The PC Database is used whenever you need to select a PC (e.g. for the "DMZ" PC). • It eliminates the need to enter IP addresses. • Also, you do not need to use fixed IP addresses on your LAN. However, if you do use a fixed IP address on some devices on your LAN, you should enter details of each such device into the PC database, using the PC Database screen. PC Database Screen An example PC Database screen is shown below. • PCs which are "DHCP Clients" are automatically added to the database, and updated as required. • By default, non-Server versions of Windows act as "DHCP Clients"; this setting is called "Obtain an IP Address automatically". • The Wireless ADSL Router uses the "Hardware Address" to identify each PC, not the name or IP address. The "Hardware Address" can only change if you change the PC's network card or adapter. • This system means you do NOT need to use Fixed (static) IP addresses on your LAN. However, you can add PCs using Fixed (static) IP Addresses to the PC database if required.
74 Data - PC Database Screen Known PCs This lists all current entries. Data displayed is name (IP Address) type. The "type" indicates whether the PC is connected to the LAN. Buttons Refresh Update the data on screen. Advanced Administration View the Advanced version of the PC database screen - PC Database (Admin). See below for details. 109B
PC Database - Advanced This screen is displayed if the "Advanced Administration" button on the PC Database is clicked. It provides more control than the standard PC Database screen. Data - Advanced PC Database Known PCs This lists all current entries. Data displayed is name (IP Address) type. The "type" indicates whether the PC is connected to the LAN. PC Properties Name If adding a new PC to the list, enter its name here. It is best if this matches the PC's "hostname". IP Address Select the appropriate option: • Automatic - The PC is set to be a DHCP client (Windows: "Ob-tain an IP address automatically"). The Wireless ADSL Router will allocate an IP address to this PC when requested to do so. The IP address could change, but normally won't. • DCHP Client - Reserved IP Address - Select this if the PC is set to be a DCHP client, and you wish to guarantee that the Wireless ADSL Router will always allocate the same IP Address to this PC. Enter the required IP address. • Fixed IP Address - Select this if the PC is using a Fixed (Static) IP address. Enter the IP address allocated to the PC. (The PC itself must be configured to use this IP address.)
76 MAC Address Select the appropriate option • Automatic discovery - Select this to have the Wireless ADSL Router contact the PC and find its MAC address. This is only possible if the PC is connected to the LAN and powered On. • MAC address is - Enter the MAC address on the PC. The MAC address is also called the "Hardware Address", "Physical Ad-dress", or "Network Adapter Address". The Wireless ADSL Router uses this to provide a unique identifier for each PC. Be-cause of this, the MAC address can NOT be left blank. Buttons Add as New Entry Add a new PC to the list, using the data in the "Properties" box. If "Automatic discovery" (for MAC address) is selected, the PC will be sent a "ping" to determine its hardware address. This will fail unless the PC is connected to the LAN, and powered on. Update Selected PC Update (modify) the selected PC, using the data in the "Properties" box. Clear Form Clear the "Properties" box, ready for entering data for a new PC. Refresh Update the data on screen. Standard Screen Click this to view the standard PC Database screen.
Config File This feature allows you to download the current settings from the Wireless ADSL Router, and save them to a file on your PC. You can restore a previously-downloaded configuration file to the Wireless ADSL Router, by uploading it to the Wireless ADSL Router. This screen also allows you to set the Wireless ADSL Router back to its factory default confi-guration. Any existing settings will be deleted. An example Config File screen is shown below. Data - Config File Screen Backup Config Use this to download a copy of the current configuration, and store the file on your PC. Click Backup to start the download. Restore Config This allows you to restore a previously-saved configuration file back to the Wireless ADSL Router. Click Browse to select the configuration file, then click Restore to upload the configuration file. WARNING! Uploading a configuration file will destroy (overwrite) ALL of the existing settings. Default Config Clicking the Factory Defaults button will reset the Wireless ADSL Router to its factory default settings. WARNING! This will delete ALL of the existing settings. 51B
Logs The Logs record various types of activity on the Wireless ADSL Router. This data is useful for troubleshooting, but enabling all logs will generate a large amount of data and adversely affect performance. Since only a limited amount of log data can be stored in the Wireless ADSL Router, log data can also be E-mailed to your PC. Use the E-mail screen to configure this feature. Data - Logs Screen Logs Current Time The current time on the Wireless ADSL Router is displayed. Log Data Current log data is displayed in this panel. Buttons There are three (3) buttons • Refresh - Update the log data. • Clear Log - Clear the log, and restart it. This makes new messages easier to read. • Send Log - E-mail the log immediately. This is only func-tional if the E-mail screen has been configured. 78
Logs Include (Checkboxes) Use these checkboxes to determine which events are included in the log. Checking all options will increase the size of the log, so it is good practice to disable any events which are not really re-quired. • Attempted access to blocked sites - If checked, attempted Internet accesses which were blocked are logged. • Connections to the Web-based interface of this Router - If checked, this will log connections TO this Router, rather than through this Router to the Internet. • Router operation - If checked, other Router operations (not covered by the selections above) will be logged. • Known DoS attacks and Port Scans - If checked, Denial of Service attacks, as well as port scans, will be logged. • Outgoing Connections - If selected, Outgoing Internet connections are logged. • Access Control - If enabled, the log will include attempted outgoing connections which have been blocked by the "Access Control" feature. Syslog Disable Data is not sent to a Syslog Server. Broadcast on LAN The Syslog data is broadcast, rather than sent to a specific Syslog server. Use this if your Syslog Server does not have a fixed IP address. Sent to this Syslog Server If your Syslog server has a fixed IP address, select this option, and enter the IP address of your Syslog server.
E-mail This screen allows you to E-mail Logs and Alerts. A sample screen is shown below. Data - E-mail Screen E-Mail Notification Turn E-mail Notification on Check this box to enable this feature. If enabled, the E-mail address information (below) must be provided. Send to this E-mail address Enter the E-mail address the Log is to be sent to. The E-mail will also show this address as the Sender's address. Outgoing (SMTP) Mail Server Enter the address or IP address of the SMTP (Simple Mail Transport Protocol) Server you use for outgoing E-mail. Mail Sender Address Enter the mail address of the sender. The E-mail will also show this address as the Sender's address. My SMTP Mail Server requires authentication To stop spanners, many SMTP mail servers require you to log in to send mail. In this case, enable this checkbox, and enter the login information (User name and Password) in the fields below. User Name If you have enabled "My SMTP Mail Server requires authentication" above, enter the User Name required to login to your SMTP Server. Password If you have enabled "My SMTP Mail Server requires authentication" above, enter the password required to login to your SMTP Server. 80
E-mail Alerts Send E-mail alerts immediately You can choose to have alerts E-mailed to you, by checking the desired checkboxes. The Broadband ADSL Router can send an immediate alert when it detects a significant security incident such as • A known hacker attack is directed at your IP address • A computer on the Internet scans your IP address for open ports • Someone on your LAN (Local Area Network) tries to visit a blocked site. E-mail Logs Send Logs Select the desired option for sending the log by E-mail. • Never (default) - This feature is disabled; Logs are not sent. • When log is full - The time is not fixed. The log will be sent when the log is full, which will depend on the volume of traffic. • Hourly, Daily, Weekly... - The log is sent on the interval specified. • If Daily is selected, the log is sent at the time specified. Select the time of day you wish the E-mail to be sent. • If Weekly is selected, the log is sent once per week, on the specified day, at the specified time. Select the day and the time of day you wish the E-mail to be sent. Note: If the log is full before the time specified to send it, it will be sent regardless of the day and time specified. 53B
Diagnostics This screen allows you to perform a "Ping" or a "DNS lookup". These activities can be useful in solving network problems. An example Network Diagnostics screen is shown below. Data - Network Diagnostics Screen Ping IP Address Enter the IP address you wish to ping. The IP address can be on your LAN, or on the Internet. Note that if the address is on the Internet, and no connection currently exists, you could get a "Timeout" error. In that case, wait a few seconds and try again. Ping Button After entering the IP address, click this button to start the "Ping" procedure. The results will be displayed in the Ping Results pane. DNS Lookup Internet name Enter the Domain name or URL for which you want a DNS (Domain Name Server) lookup. Note that if the address in on the Internet, and no connection currently exists, you could get a "Timeout" error. In that case, wait a few seconds and try again. Lookup Button After entering the Domain name/URL, click this button to start the "DNS Lookup" procedure. Routing Display Click this button to display the internal routing table. This informa-tion can be used by Technical Support and other staff who understand Routing Tables. 82
Remote Administration If enabled, this feature allows you to manage the Wireless ADSL Router via the Internet. Data - Remote Administration Screen Remote Administration Enable Remote Management Check to allow administration/management via the Internet. (To connect, see below). If Disabled, this device will ignore Administration connection attempts from the Internet. Current IP Address This is the current address you will use when accessing this device from the Internet. To connect, see details and an example below. Port Number Enter a port number between 1 and 65535. The default for HTTP (Web) connections is port 80, but using port 80 will prevent the use of a Web "Virtual Server" on your LAN. So using a different port number is recommended. The default value is 8080. The port number must be specified in your Browser when you connect. See the following section for details. Access Permission Allow Remote Access Select the desired option. • Everyone - allow access by everyone on the Internet. • Only This Computer - allow access by only one IP address. Enter the desired IP address. • IP Address Range - allow access from a range of IP addresses on the Internet. Enter a beginning and ending IP address to de-fine the allowed range. For security, you should restrict access to as few external IP ad-84
dresses as practical. To connect from a remote PC via the Internet 1. Ensure your Internet connection is established, and start your Web Browser. 2. In the "Address" bar, enter "HTTP://" followed by the Internet IP Address of the Wireless ADSL Router. If the port number is not 80, the port number is also required. (After the IP Address, enter ":" followed by the port number.) e.g. HTTP://123.123.123.123:8080 This example assumes the WAN IP Address is 123.123.123.123, and the port number is 8080. 3. You will then be prompted for the login name and password for this device.
86 Routing Overview • If you don't have other Routers or Gateways on your LAN, you can ignore the "Routing" page completely. • If the Wireless ADSL Router is only acting as a Gateway for the local LAN segment, ignore the "Routing" page even if your LAN has other Routers. • If your LAN has a standard Router (e.g. Cisco) on your LAN, and the Wireless ADSL Router is to act as a Gateway for all LAN segments, enable RIP (Routing Information Pro-tocol) and ignore the Static Routing table. • If your LAN has other Gateways and Routers, and you wish to control which LAN seg-ments use each Gateway, do NOT enable RIP (Routing Information Protocol). Configure the Static Routing table instead. (You also need to configure the other Routers.) • If using Windows 2000 Data center Server as a software Router, enable RIP on the Wire-less ADSL Router, and ensure the following Windows 2000 settings are correct: • Open Routing and Remote Access • In the console tree, select Routing and Remote Access, [server name], IP Routing, RIP • In the "Details" pane, right-click the interface you want to configure for RIP version 2, and then click "Properties". • On the "General" tab, set Outgoing packet protocol to "RIP version 2 broadcast", and Incoming packet protocol to "RIP version 1 and 2". Routing Screen The routing table is accessed by the Routing link on the Administration menu. Using this Screen Generally, you will use either RIP (Routing Information Protocol) OR the Static Routing Table, as explained above, although is it possible to use both methods simultaneously. Static Routing Table • If RIP is not used, an entry in the routing table is required for each LAN segment on your Network, other than the segment to which this device is attached. • The other Routers must also be configured. See Configuring Other Routers on your LAN later in this chapter for further details and an example.
Data - Routing Screen RIP RIP Direction Select the desired RIP Direction. RIP Version Choose the RIP Version for the Server. Static Routing Static Routing Table Entries This list shows all entries in the Routing Table. • This area shows details of the selected item in the list. • Change any the properties as required, then click the "Edit" button to save the changes to the selected entry. Buttons Add Add a new entry to the Static Routing table, using the data shown in the "Properties" area on screen. The entry selected in the list is ignored, and has no effect. Edit Update the current Static Routing Table entry, using the data shown in the table area on screen. Delete Delete the current Static Routing Table entry. Save Save the RIP setting. This has no effect on the Static Routing Table. 112B Configuring Other Routers on your LAN It is essential that all IP packets for devices not on the local LAN be passed to the Wireless ADSL Router, so that they can be forwarded to the external LAN, WAN, or Internet. To achieve this, the local LAN must be configured to use the Wireless ADSL Router as the Default Route or Default Gateway.
Local Router The local router is the Router installed on the same LAN segment as the Wireless ADSL Router. This router requires that the Default Route is the Wireless ADSL Router itself. Typi-cally, routers have a special entry for the Default Route. It should be configured as follows. Destination IP Address Normally 0.0.0.0, but check your router documentation. Network Mask Normally 0.0.0.0, but check your router documentation. Gateway IP Address The IP Address of the Wireless ADSL Router. Metric 1 157B Other Routers on the Local LAN Other routers on the local LAN must use the Wireless ADSL Router's Local Router as the Default Route. The entries will be the same as the Wireless ADSL Router's local router, with the exception of the Gateway IP Address. • For a router with a direct connection to the Wireless ADSL Router's local Router, the Gateway IP Address is the address of the Wireless ADSL Router's local router. • For routers which must forward packets to another router before reaching the Wireless ADSL Router's local router, the Gateway IP Address is the address of the intermediate router. Static Routing - Example Figure 2: Routing Example For the Wireless ADSL Router's Routing Table For the LAN shown above, with 2 routers and 3 LAN segments, the Wireless ADSL Router requires 2 entries as follows. Entry 1 (Segment 1) Destination IP Address 192.168.1.0 Network Mask 255.255.255.0 (Standard Class C) 88
Gateway IP Address 192.168.0.100 (Wireless ADSL Router's local Router) Metric 2 Entry 2 (Segment 2) Destination IP Address 192.168.2.0 Network Mask 255.255.255.0 (Standard Class C) Gateway IP Address 192.168.0.100 Metric 3 For Router A's Default Route Destination IP Address 0.0.0.0 Network Mask 0.0.0.0 Gateway IP Address 192.168.0.1 (Wireless ADSL Router's IP Address) For Router B's Default Route Destination IP Address 0.0.0.0 Network Mask 0.0.0.0 Gateway IP Address 192.168.1.80 (Wireless ADSL Router's local router)
Upgrade Firmware The firmware (software) in the Wireless ADSL Router can be upgraded using your Web Browser. You must first download the upgrade file, then select Upgrade Firmware on the Administra-tion menu. You will see a screen like the following. To perform the Firmware Upgrade: 1. Click the Browse button and navigate to the location of the upgrade file. 2. Select the upgrade file. Its name will appear in the Upgrade File field. 3. Click the Upload button to commence the firmware upgrade. The Wireless ADSL Router is unavailable during the upgrade process, and must restart when the up-grade is completed. Any connections to or through the Wireless ADSL Router will be lost. 90
91 Modem Mode Overview There are two modes available on the Mode screen. • Router - Both the ADSL Modem and the Router features are operational. In this mode, this device can provide shared Internet Access to all your LAN users. Also, by default, it acts a DHCP Server, providing an IP address and related information to all Wireless and LAN users. • Modem - Only the ADSL Modem component is operational. All Router features are disabled. This device is "transparent" - it does not perform any operations or make any changes to the network traffic passing through it. You need to have a DHCP Server on your LAN to provide IP addresses to the Wireless clients using this Access Point. This Chapter describes operation while in Modem Mode, also called Bridge Mode. Management Connections When this device restarts in Modem mode, the IP address does not change, but the DHCP server is disabled. However, your PC will usually retain the IP address provided by the DHCP Server, so the connection will be automatically re-established. You then need to ensure that the IP address of this modem is suitable for your LAN. • You need to have a DHCP Server on your LAN to provide IP addresses to the Wireless clients using this Access Point. • This Modem/AP must be a valid device on your LAN, to allow management connections. You must assign a (fixed) IP address which is within the address range used on your LAN, but not within the address range used by your DHCP server. When you connect in future, just connect normally, using the IP address you assigned. 1. Start your WEB browser. 2. In the Address box, enter "HTTP://" and the current IP Address of the Wireless ADSL Modem, as in this example, which uses the Wireless ADSL Modem's default IP Address: HTTP://192.168.0.1 3. When prompted for the User name and Password, enter admin for the user name, and the current password, as set on the password screen. (The password is the same regardless of the mode.)
Home Screen If in Modem mode, the home screen will look like the example below. Note that the menu has changed, many of the options in Router mode are not available. The screens available are: • Mode - change back to Router mode, if desired. • LAN - set IP address, mask and gateway. This is the same as in Router mode, except that the DHCP server is not available while in Modem mode. • Wireless - this screen, and related sub-screens, is the same as in Router mode. • Password - this screen is the same as in Router mode. • Upgrade FW - this screen is the same as in Router mode. • Status - displays current settings and status. See the following section for details. 92
Mode Screen This screen is change back to Router mode, if desired. Data - Mode Screen Device Name This field displays the current name of this device. Device Mode Select the desired device mode for the router: • Router - Both the ADSL Modem and the Router features are opera-tional. In this mode, this device can provide shared Internet Access to all your LAN users. Also, by default, it acts a DHCP Server, provid-ing an IP address and related information to all Wireless and LAN users. • Modem - Only the ADSL Modem component is operational. All Router features are disabled. This device is "transparent" - it does not perform any operations or make any changes to the network traffic passing through it. You need to have a DHCP Server on your LAN to provide IP addresses to the Wireless clients using this Access Point. This mode is also called Bridge Mode. After changing the mode, this device will restart, which will take a few seconds. The menu will also change, depending on the mode you are in. Operation Operation is automatic and transparent. • Wireless clients can connect to the Access Point if they have the correct SSID and security, but they must obtain an IP address from the DHCP Server on your LAN. • The modem will act like any other ADSL modem. No routing will be performed, and no client login will be done. If a client login is required, it must be performed by your Rou-ter/Gateway or by software on your PC.
Status Screen In Modem mode, the Status screen looks like the example below. Data - Status Screen (Bridge Mode) ADSL Modem Status This indicates the status of the ADSL modem component. DownStream Connection Speed Displays the speed for the DownStream Connection. UpStream Connection Speed If connected, displays the speed for the Up Stream (upload) ADSL Connection. LAN IP Address The IP Address of the Wireless ADSL Router. Network Mask The Network Mask (Subnet Mask) for the IP Address above. MAC Address This shows the MAC Address for the Wireless ADSL Router, as seen on the LAN interface. Wireless SSID 1 It displays the name of the SSID 1. MAC Address It displays the MAC address of the SSID 1. SSID 2 It displays the name of the SSID 2. 94
MAC Address It displays the MAC address of the SSID 2. Region The current region, as set on the Wireless screen. Channel This shows the Channel currently used, as set on the Wireless screen. Wireless AP This indicates whether or not the Wireless Access Point feature is enabled. Broadcast Name This indicates whether or not the SSID is Broadcast. This setting is on the Wireless screen. System Device Name The current name of the Router. This name is also the "hostname" for users with an "@Home" type connection. Firmware Version The version of the current firmware installed. Buttons Attached Devices This will open a sub-window, showing all LAN and Wireless devices currently on the network. Refresh Screen Update the data displayed on screen.
96 Appendix Troubleshooting This chapter covers some common problems that may be encountered while using the Wireless ADSL Router and some possible solutions to them. If you follow the suggested steps and the Wireless ADSL Router still does not function properly, contact your dealer for further advice. General Problems Problem 1: Can't connect to the Wireless ADSL Router to configure it. Solution 1: Check the following: • The Wireless ADSL Router is properly installed, LAN connections are OK, and it is powered ON. • Ensure that your PC and the Wireless ADSL Router are on the same network segment. (If you don't have a router, this must be the case.) • If your PC is set to "Obtain an IP Address automatically" (DHCP client), restart it. • If your PC uses a Fixed (Static) IP address, ensure that it is using an IP Address within the range 192.168.0.2 to 192.168.0.254 and thus com-patible with the Wireless ADSL Router's default IP Address of 192.168.0.1. Also, the Network Mask should be set to 255.255.255.0 to match the Wireless ADSL Router. In Windows, you can check these settings by using Control Panel-Network to check the Properties for the TCP/IP protocol. Internet Access Problem 1: When I enter a URL or IP address I get a time out error. Solution 1: A number of things could be causing this. Try the following troubleshooting steps. • Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your PCs IP settings are correct. If using a Fixed (Static) IP Address, check the Network Mask, Default gateway and DNS as well as the IP Address. • If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check the Wireless ADSL Router. Ensure that it is connected and ON. Connect to it and check its settings. (If you can't connect to it, check the LAN and power connections.) • Check the Wireless ADSL Router's status screen to see if it is working correctly. Problem 2: Some applications do not run properly when using the Wireless ADSL Router. Solution 2: The Wireless ADSL Router processes the data passing through it, so it is not transparent. For incoming connections, you must use the Virtual Server or Firewall
Appendix A - Troubleshooting Rules to specify the PC which will receive the incoming traffic. You can also use the DMZ function. This should work with almost every application, but: • It is a security risk, since the firewall is disabled. • Only one (1) PC can use this feature. Wireless Access Problem 1: My PC can't locate the Wireless Access Point. Solution 1: Check the following. • Your PC is set to Infrastructure Mode. (Access Points are always in Infrastructure Mode) • The SSID on your PC and the Wireless Access Point are the same. Remember that the SSID is case-sensitive. So, for example "Workgroup" does NOT match "workgroup". • Both your PC and the Wireless ADSL Router must have the same setting for WEP. The default setting for the Wireless ADSL Router is disabled, so your wireless station should also have WEP disabled. • If WEP is enabled on the Wireless ADSL Router, your PC must have WEP enabled, and the key must match. • If the Wireless ADSL Router's Wireless screen is set to Allow Trusted PCs only, then each of your Wireless stations must have been designat-ed as "Trusted", or the Wireless station will be blocked. • To see if radio interference is causing a problem, see if connection is possible when close to the Wireless ADSL Router. Remember that the connection range can be as little as 100 feet in poor environments. Problem 2: Wireless connection speed is very slow. Solution 2: The wireless system will connect at the highest possible speed, depending on the distance and the environment. To obtain the highest possible connec-tion speed, you can experiment with the following: • Wireless ADSL Router location. Try adjusting the location and orientation of the Wireless ADSL Rou-ter. • Wireless Channel If interference is the problem, changing to another channel may show a marked improvement. • Radio Interference Other devices may be causing interference. You can experiment by switching other devices Off, and see if this helps. Any "noisy" devices should be shielded or relocated. • RF Shielding Your environment may tend to block transmission between the wireless stations. This will mean high access speed is only possible when close to the Wireless ADSL Router.
About Wireless LANs Wireless LANs can work in either of two (2) modes: • Ad-hoc • Infrastructure Ad-hoc Mode Ad-hoc mode does not require an Access Point or a wired (Ethernet) LAN. Wireless Sta-tions (e.g. notebook PCs with wireless cards) communicate directly with each other. Infrastructure Mode In Infrastructure Mode, one or more Access Points are used to connect Wireless Stations (e.g. Notebook PCs with wireless cards) to a wired (Ethernet) LAN. The Wireless Stations can then access all LAN resources. Note: Access Points can only function in “Infrastructure” mode and can only communicate with other Wireless Stations that are set to “Infrastructure” mode. BSS/ESS BSS A group of Wireless Stations and a single Access Point, all using the same ID (SSID), form a Basic Service Set (BSS). Using the same SSID is essential. Devices with different SSIDs are unable to communicate with each other. ESS A group of Wireless Stations, and multiple Access Points, all using the same ID (ESSID), form an Extended Service Set (ESS). Different Access Points within an ESS can use different Channels. In fact, to reduce interfe-rence, it is recommended that adjacent Access Points SHOULD use different channels. As Wireless Stations are physically moved through the area covered by an ESS, they will automatically change to the Access Point which has the least interference or best performance. This capability is called Roaming. (Access Points do not have or require Roaming capabilities.) Channels The Wireless Channel sets the radio frequency used for communication. • Access Points use a fixed Channel. You can select the Channel used. This allows you to choose a Channel which provides the least interference and best performance. In the USA and Canada, 11 channels are available. If using multiple Access Points, it is better if adja-cent Access Points use different Channels to reduce interference. • In "Infrastructure" mode, Wireless Stations normally scan all Channels, looking for an Access Point. If more than one Access Point can be used, the one with the strongest signal is used. (This can only happen within an ESS.) 98
• If using "Ad-hoc" mode (no Access Point), all Wireless stations should be set to use the same Channel. However, most Wireless stations will still scan all Channels to see if there is an existing "Ad-hoc" group they can join. WEP WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) is a standard for encrypting data before it is transmitted. This is desirable because it is impossible to prevent snoopers from receiving any data which is transmitted by your Wireless Stations. But if the data is encrypted, then it is meaningless unless the receiver can decrypt it. If WEP is used, the Wireless Stations and the Access Point must have the same settings for each of the following: WEP Off, 64 Bit, 128 Bit Key For 64 Bit encryption, the Key value must match. For 128 Bit encryption, the Key value must match WEP Authentication Open System or Shared Key. WPA-PSK WPA-PSK is another standard for encrypting data before it is transmitted. This is a later standard than WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), and provides greater security for your data. Data is encrypted using a 256Bit key which is automatically generated and changed often. If all your Wireless stations support WPA-PSK, you should use this instead of WEP. If WPA-PSK is used, the Wireless Stations and the Access Point must have the same settings for each of the following: WPA PSK (Pre-shared Key) Enter the same value on every station and the AP. The PSK must be from 8 to 63 characters in length. The 256Bit key used for the actual encryption is derived from this key. Encryption The same encryption method must be used. The most common encryption method is TKIP. Another widely-supported method is AES. WPA2-PSK This is a later version of WPA (WPA-PSK). The major change is the use of AES (Advanced Encryption System) for protecting data. AES is very secure, considered to be unbreakable. The PSK (Pre-shared Key) must be entered on each Wireless station. If WPA2-PSK is used, the Wireless Stations and the Access Point must have the same settings for each of the following: WPA2 PSK (Pre-shared Key) Enter the same value on every station and the AP. The PSK must be from 8 to 63 characters in length. The 256Bit key used for the actual encryption is derived from this key.
100 Encryption The same encryption method must be used. The most common encryption method is TKIP. Another widely-supported method is AES. WPA-802.1x This version of WPA requires a Radius Server on your LAN to provide the client authentica-tion according to the 802.1x standard. Data transmissions are encrypted using the WPA standard. If this option is used: • The Access Point must have a "client login" on the Radius Server. • Each user must have a "user login" on the Radius Server. • Each user's wireless client must support 802.1x and provide the login data when required. All data transmission is encrypted using the WPA standard. Keys are automatically generated, so no key input is required. Wireless LAN Configuration To allow Wireless Stations to use the Access Point, the Wireless Stations and the Access Point must use the same settings, as follows: Mode On client Wireless Stations, the mode must be set to "Infrastructure". (The Access Point is always in "Infrastructure" mode.) SSID (ESSID) Wireless Stations should use the same SSID (ESSID) as the Access Point they wish to connect to. Alternatively, the SSID can be set to "any" or null (blank) to allow connection to any Access Point. Wireless Security The Wireless Stations and the Access Point must use the same settings for Wireless security. (None, WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, Mixed WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK, 802.1x). For Ad-hoc networks (no Access Point), all Wireless stations must use the same security settings.
Specifications Hardware Standards Wireless: IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n (draft 2.0) ATM VC and LLC Multiplexing Bridged/Routed Ethernet over ATM (RFC1483/2684) OAM F4/F5 loop-back PPP over ATM (RFC2364) PPP over Ethernet (RFC2516) WAN Port (ADSL line Interface) Complies with ADSL standards - ANSI T1.413 Issue2 - G.992.1 (G.dmt, Annex A) - G.992.2 (G.lite) Complies with ADSL2 standard - G.992.3 (G.dmt.bis) Complies with ADSL2+ standard - G.992.5 Annex A LAN 4 x 10/100Mbps Auto-MDIX ports WPS Button Enables Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) function UPnP UPnP IGD 1.0 compliant Firewall NAT, Access Control, URL Content Filter LED Indicator Power, WPS, LAN1~LAN4, WLAN, ADSL and Internet Power Adapter 12V DC, 1A external power adapter Power Consump-tion 5.43watts (max) Dimension (L x W x H) 300 x 145 x 26mm (5.9 x 5.7 x 1.02in) Weight 275g (9.7oz) Temperature Operation: 0° ~ 40°C (32°F ~ 104°F) Storage: -20° ~ 60°C (-4°F ~ 140°F) non-condensing Humidity Max. 90% (non-condensing) Certifications CE, FCC Wireless Frequency 2412~2462 MHz Modulation 802.11b:DSSS/ 802.11g/n:OFDM Antenna 3.02dBi / dipole antenna Data Rate 802.11b: 1,2,5.5 and 11Mpbs 802.11g: 6,9,12,18,24,36,48 and 54 Mpbs
100 802.11n: 20MHz Channel mode: OFDM(6.5,7.2,13,14.4,14.44,19.5, Security WEP(HEX/ASCII): 64/128-bit WPA(AES/TKIP): WPA/WPA2-RADIUS, WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK Output Power 802.11b: 19.90 dBm 802.11g: 24.02 dBm 802.11n: Standard-20MHz Channel mode:23.38 dBm Receiving Sensitiv-ity 802.11b: -83dBm (typical) @ 11Mbps 802.11g: -66dBm (typical) @ 54Mbps 802.11n: -62dBm (typical) @ *300Mbps Channels IEEE 802.11b/g mode:11 Channels*Maximum wireless signal rates are referenced from IEEE 802.11 theoretical specifications. Actual data throughput and coverage will vary depending on interference, network traffic, building materials and other conditions. 21.7,26,28.89,28.9,39,43.3,43.33,52,57.78,57.8,58.5,65.0,72.2,78, 86.67,104,115.56,117,130,144.44 Mbps)802.11n: 40MHz Channel mode: OFDM(13.5,15,27,30,40.5,45,54,60, 81,90,108,120,121.5,135,150,162,180,216,240,243,270,300 Mbps)802.11n: Wide-40MHz Channel mode:23.95 dBmdraft 802.11n Standard-20 MHz Channel mode:11 Channelsdraft 802.11n Wide-40 HMz Channel mode:7 Channels
Regulatory Approvals FCC Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communica-tions. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures: • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. • Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. • Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. To assure continued compliance, any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment. (Example - use only shielded interface cables when connecting to computer or peripheral devices). FCC Radiation Exposure Statement This equipment complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 centimeters between the radiator and your body. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. CE Approval CE Standards This product complies with the 99/5/EEC directives, including the following safety and EMC standards: • EN300328-2 • EN301489-1/-17 • EN60950 CE Marking Warning This is a Class B product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.
104 Limited Warranty TRENDnet warrants its products against defects in material and workmanship, under normal use and service, for the following lengths of time from the date of purchase. TEW-657BRM – 3 Years Warranty AC/DC Power Adapter, Cooling Fan, and Power Supply carry 1 year warranty If a product does not operate as warranted during the applicable warranty period, TRENDnet shall reserve the right, at its expense, to repair or replace the defective product or part and deliver an equivalent product or part to the customer. The repair/replacement unit’s warranty continues from the original date of purchase. All products that are replaced become the proper-ty of TRENDnet. Replacement products may be new or reconditioned. TRENDnet does not issue refunds or credit. Please contact the point-of-purchase for their return policies. TRENDnet shall not be responsible for any software, firmware, information, or memory data of customer contained in, stored on, or integrated with any products returned to TRENDnet pursuant to any warranty. There are no user serviceable parts inside the product. Do not remove or attempt to service the product by any unauthorized service center. This warranty is voided if (i) the product has been modified or repaired by any unauthorized service center, (ii) the product was subject to acci-dent, abuse, or improper use (iii) the product was subject to conditions more severe than those specified in the manual. Warranty service may be obtained by contacting TRENDnet within the applicable warranty period and providing a copy of the dated proof of the purchase. Upon proper submission of required documentation a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number will be issued. An RMA number is required in order to initiate warranty service support for all TRENDnet products. Products that are sent to TRENDnet for RMA service must have the RMA number marked on the outside of return packages and sent to TRENDnet prepaid, insured and pack-aged appropriately for safe shipment. Customers shipping from outside of the USA and Canada are responsible for return shipping fees. Customers shipping from outside of the USA are responsible for custom charges, including but not limited to, duty, tax, and other fees. WARRANTIES EXCLUSIVE: IF THE TRENDNET PRODUCT DOES NOT OPERATE AS WARRANTED ABOVE, THE CUSTOMER’S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE, AT TRENDNET’S OPTION, REPAIR OR REPLACE. THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, EITHER IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF LAW, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TRENDNET NEITHER ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANY OTHER PERSON TO ASSUME FOR IT ANY OTHER LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION MAINTENANCE OR USE OF TRENDNET’S PRODUCTS.
TRENDNET SHALL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY IF ITS TESTING AND EXAMINATION DISCLOSE THAT THE ALLEGED DEFECT IN THE PRODUCT DOES NOT EXIST OR WAS CAUSED BY CUSTOMER’S OR ANY THIRD PERSON’S MISUSE, NEGLECT, IMPROPER INSTALLATION OR TESTING, UNAUTHORIZED ATTEMPTS TO REPAIR OR MODIFY, OR ANY OTHER CAUSE BEYOND THE RANGE OF THE INTENDED USE, OR BY ACCIDENT, FIRE, LIGHTNING, OR OTHER HAZARD. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: TO THE FULL EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW TRENDNET ALSO EXCLUDES FOR ITSELF AND ITS SUPPLIERS ANY LIABILITY, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), FOR INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, OR FOR LOSS OF REVENUE OR PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF INFORMATION OR DATE, OR OTHER FINANCIAL LOSS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, USE, PERFORMANCE, FAILURE, OR INTERRUPTION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, AND LIMITS ITS LIABILITY TO REPAIR, REPLACEMENT, OR REFUND OF THE PURCHASE PRICE PAID, AT TRENDNET’S OPTION. THIS DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES WILL NOT BE AFFECTED IF ANY REMEDY PROVIDED HEREIN SHALL FAIL OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. Governing Law: This Limited Warranty shall be governed by the laws of the state of Califor-nia. Some TRENDnet products include software code written by third party developers. These codes are subject to the GNU General Public License ("GPL") or GNU Lesser General Public License ("LGPL"). Go to http://www.trendnet.com/gpl or http://www.trendnet.com Download section and look for the desired TRENDnet product to access to the GPL Code or LGPL Code. These codes are distributed WITHOUT WARRANTY and are subject to the copyrights of the developers. TRENDnet does not provide technical support for these codes. Please go to http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.txt or http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt for specific terms of each license.
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