Tait TBCK4B Base Station Transceiver User Manual TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Tait Limited Base Station Transceiver TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

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TBCK4B User Manual HTML Version

Exhibit D Users Manual per 2 1033 c3

DRAFT 4

TB9400 base station

Installation and Operation

Manual

Draft in Progress

MBC-00001-01

Issue 1

September 2011

DRAFT 4

2TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Contact Information

Tait Radio Communications

Corporate Head Office

Tait Electronics Limited

P.O. Box 1645

Christchurch

New Zealand

For the address and telephone number of regional

offices, refer to our website: www.taitradio.com

All information contained in this document is the

This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied,

photocopied, reproduced, translated, stored, or reduced

to any electronic medium or machine-readable form,

without prior written permission from Tait Electronics

Limited.

The word TAIT and the TAIT logo are trademarks of

Tait Electronics Limited.

All trade names referenced are the service mark,

trademark or registered trademark of the respective

manufacturers.

Disclaimer

There are no warranties extended or granted by this

document. Tait Electronics Limited accepts no

responsibility for damage arising from use of the

information contained in the document or of the

equipment and software it describes. It is the

responsibility of the user to ensure that use of such

information, equipment and software complies with the

laws, rules and regulations of the applicable

jurisdictions.

Enquiries and Comments

If you have any enquiries regarding this document, or

any comments, suggestions and notifications of errors,

please contact your regional Tait office.

Updates of Manual and Equipment

In the interests of improving the performance, reliability

or servicing of the equipment, Tait Electronics Limited

reserves the right to update the equipment or this

document or both without prior notice.

Intellectual Property Rights

This product may be protected by one or more patents

or designs of Tait Electronics Limited together with

their international equivalents, pending patent or design

applications, and registered trade marks: NZ409837,

NZ409838, NZ508806, NZ508807, NZ509242,

NZ509640, NZ509959, NZ510496, NZ511155,

NZ511421, NZ516280/NZ519742, NZ520650/

NZ537902, NZ521450, NZ522236, NZ524369,

NZ524378, NZ524509, NZ524537, NZ524630,

NZ530819, NZ534475, NZ534692, NZ535471,

NZ537434, NZ546295, NZ547713, NZ569985,

NZ577009, NZ579051, NZ579364, NZ580361,

AU2003281447, AU2004216984, AU2005267973,

AU11677/2008, AU13745/2008,

CN200930004200.4, CN200930009301.0,

CN1031871, CN1070368, EU000915475-0001,

EU000915475-0002, GB2386010, GB23865476,

GB2413249, GB2413445, US5745840, US7411461,

US7649893, US10/523952, US10/546696, US10/

546697, US10/547964, US10/597339, US11/572700,

US29/306491, US61/218015, US61/236663, US61/

238769, US61/251372.

This product may also be made under license under one

or more of the following U.S. Patents: 4,590,473

4,636,791 4,716,407 4,972,460 5,146,497 5,148,482

5,164,986 5,185,795 5,185,796 5,271,017 5,377,229

5,502,767.

The IMBE™ voice coding Technology embodied in

this product is protected by intellectual property rights

including patent rights, copyrights and trade secrets of

Digital Voice Systems, Inc. This voice coding

Technology is licensed solely for use within this

Communications Equipment. The user of this

Technology is explicitly prohibited from attempting to

decompile, reverse engineer, or disassemble the Object

Code, or in any other way convert the Object Code

into a human-readable form. Protected by U.S. Patents

5,870,405 5,826,222 5,754,974 5,701,390 5,715,365

5,649,050 5,630,011 5,581,656 5,517,511 5,491,772

5,247,579 5,226,084 and 5,195,166.

Environmental Responsibilities

Tait Electronics Limited is an

environmentally responsible company

which supports waste minimization,

material recovery and restrictions in the

use of hazardous materials.

The European Union’s Waste Electrical and Electronic

Equipment (WEEE) Directive requires that this product

be disposed of separately from the general waste stream

when its service life is over. For more information

about how to dispose of your unwanted Tait product,

visit the Tait Electronics WEEE website at

www.taitradio.com/weee. Please be environmentally

responsible and dispose through the original supplier, or

contact Tait Electronics Limited.

Tait Electronics Limited also complies with the

Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances

in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS)

Directive in the European Union.

In China, we comply with the Measures for

Administration of the Pollution Control of Electronic

Information Products. We will comply with

environmental requirements in other markets as they are

introduced.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual 3

Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Scope of Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Associated Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Publication Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1 Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.2 Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

1.3 Mechanical Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

1.5 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

1.6 Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

1.7 Theory of Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

1.7.1 Signal Paths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

1.7.2 Online and Offline Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

1.7.3 Intermodule Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

1.7.4 Power Management and Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

1.7.5 PMU Operation on DC Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

1.7.6 Front Panel Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

2 General Safety and Regulatory Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2.1 Personal Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2.1.1 Unpacking and Moving the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2.1.2 Lethal Voltages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

2.1.3 AC Power Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.1.4 Explosive Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.1.5 Proximity to RF Transmissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.1.6 High Temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.1.7 LED Safety (EN60825-1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2.2 Equipment Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.2.1 Installation and Servicing Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.2.2 Preventing Damage to the PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.2.3 ESD Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

2.2.4 Anti-tampering Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.3 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.3.1 Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.3.2 Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.3.3 Dust and Dirt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

2.4 Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2.4.1 Distress Frequencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2.4.2 FCC Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2.4.3 Unauthorized Modifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

DRAFT 4

4TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

2.4.4 Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe. . . . . . . . 34

3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

3.1 Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3.2 Module Indicator LEDs and Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

3.2.1 Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

3.2.2 PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

3.2.3 PMU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

4 Working with Base Stations from Your PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

4.1 PC Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

4.2 Connecting Your PC to the Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

4.2.1 Logging In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

4.2.2 Setting the IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

4.2.3 Responding to Security Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

4.2.4 Connecting a Networked PC to a Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

4.2.5 Troubleshooting Connection Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

4.2.6 Finding a Lost or Forgotten IP Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

4.3 Working with the Web Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

4.3.1 Monitoring Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

4.3.2 Viewing Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

4.3.3 Viewing the Base Station and Network Identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

4.4 Basic Tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.4.1 User Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.4.2 Taking the Base Station Offline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.4.3 Troubleshooting Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.4.4 Working with Configuration Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

4.4.5 Configuring Single Base Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

4.4.6 Configuring Base Stations in a Channel Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

4.4.7 Setting Up Custom Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

4.4.8 Disabling the Front Panel Keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

4.4.9 Preparing to Download Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

5 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

5.1 Before You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

5.1.1 Equipment Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

5.1.2 Grounding and Lightning Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

5.1.3 Equipment Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

5.1.4 Ambient Temperature Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

5.1.5 Cabinet and Rack Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

5.2 Unpacking and Moving the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

5.3 Identifying the Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

5.4 Initial Setting Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

5.4.1 Confirming Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

5.4.2 Customizing the Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

5.4.3 Changing the Root Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

5.4.4 Tuning the Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual 5

5.5 Installing the Base Station on Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.5.1 Base Stations for Trunked Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.5.2 Equipment Required. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

5.5.3 Mounting the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

5.6 Connecting Up the Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

5.6.1 Connection Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

5.6.2 Connecting AC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

5.6.3 Connecting DC Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

5.6.4 Connecting the Auxiliary DC Power Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

5.6.5 Connecting RF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

5.6.6 Connecting an External Frequency Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

5.6.7 Connecting a 1PPS Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

5.6.8 Ethernet Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

5.6.9 Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

6 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

7 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

8 Replacing Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

8.1 Saving the Base Station’s Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

8.2 Preliminary Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

8.3 Replacing a Reciter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

8.4 Replacing a Power Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

8.5 Replacing a Power Management Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

8.6 Replacing the Front Panel Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

8.7 Replacing the Module Guide Rails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

8.8 Replacing the Subrack Interconnect Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

8.9 Final Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

System Interface Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Ethernet Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

PMU Auxiliary DC Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Dual 50W Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Single 50W Base Station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

100W Base Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

TaitNet P25 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115

Tait Software License Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129

DRAFT 4

6Preface TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Preface

Scope of Manual

This manual provides information on installing and operating the TB9400

base station. It is intended for use by experienced technicians familiar with

installing and operating base station equipment. It also includes

configuration, maintenance and troubleshooting information.

Document Conventions

The TB9400 base station has a web interface with an accordion menu on

the left side of the screen. “Configure > Base Station > Channels” means

click Configure in the top-level menu, then in the expanded Configure

menu click the + icon beside Base Station to expand its menu tree, and

finally click Channels in this menu tree to display its page.

Within this manual, four types of alerts are given to the reader: Warning,

Caution, Important and Note. The following paragraphs illustrate each type

of alert and its associated symbol.

Warning!! This alert is used when there is a potential risk

of death or serious injury.

Caution This alert is used when there is a risk of minor or

moderate injury to people.

Important This alert is used to warn about the risk of equipment dam-

age or malfunction.

Note This alert is used to highlight information that is required to

ensure procedures are performed correctly.

?These alert icons &

definitions will change.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Preface 7

Associated Documentation

The current set of TB9400 product documentation is provided in PDF

format on the product DVD. Updates are made available on the Tait support

website. Printed copies of the documentation are available on request.

■TB9400 Specifications Manual (MBC-00002-xx).

■TaitNet P25 System Manual (MBA-00032-xx).

■T801-4 GPS Frequency Reference Installation and Operation Manual

(MBA-00033-xx).

Technical notes are published from time to time to describe applications for

Tait products, to provide technical details not included in manuals, and to

offer solutions for any problems that arise. The product DVD includes

technical notes that were available at the time of release. Look for new or

updated technical notes on the Tait support website.

Publication Record

Issue Publication Date Description

1 First release

DRAFT 4

8Preface TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 9

1 Description

The Tait TB9400 base station is a robust state-of-the-art digital fixed station

that combines Tait’s proven strengths in reliability, high performance and

modular design with software-based configurability and operation, digital

signal processing and voice-over-IP technology.

The base station is designed for operation in a Project 25 trunked or trunked

simulcast radio network. The ability of the base station to link stations using

standard Internet Protocol communications, and to add features through

software options ensures that P25 systems designed with the TB9400 are

scalable in both size and functionality.

The base station combines industry-leading digital voice quality with

rugged design specifications and intuitive user interfaces. These products

have been designed to meet the demanding needs of the public safety and

public service sectors.

Its Ethernet interface provides built-in network connectivity, allowing the

TB9400 to join with other TB9400 base stations to form a channel group.

This network supports voice over IP and remote management of all base

stations via a web browser.

DRAFT 4

10 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

1.1 Features

The following are some of the features of the base station:

■Fully compliant with the Project 25 Common Air Interface. Can

therefore interoperate with any similarly compliant radios.

■Integrated built-in voting facility. No external voter is needed.

■Can be completely managed remotely from a PC running a web

browser: configuration, alarm monitoring, fault diagnosis, feature and

firmware upgrades.

■An integrated wiring solution is provided for the system control bus and

DC power connections to each module in the subrack.

■Reciters can be replaced without affecting the operation of other reciters

in the same subrack.

■Rugged construction with generous heatsinks and fan-forced cooling for

continuous operation from – 30° C to + 60° C (– 22° F to + 140° F).

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 11

1.2 Modules

The base station consists of a subrack with up to two transmit/receive

channels.

The single PMU (power management unit) supplies and manages power to

the whole subrack (refer to “Theory of Operation” on page 19). One reciter

and one PA (power amplifier) are needed for each transmit/receive channel.

There is also a front panel with user controls and fans. The modules are

interconnected at the front of the subrack. External connections to the

modules are located at the rear.

Modules come in different variants depending, for example, on the RF band

or the supply voltage.

Each module is inserted into the 4 U subrack from the front and is secured

at the front with a metal clamp. Both clamp and module are easily removed

for rapid module replacement. The modules are secured laterally with plastic

guides that clip into the top and bottom of the subrack. These guides can be

easily repositioned to change the configuration of a subrack. The heavier

modules are also secured laterally by metal tabs at the rear of the subrack.

The following provides a brief description of the available modules.

Reciter The reciter module comprises the

receiver, exciter and digital control

circuitry. The reciter provides the

Ethernet interface and system inputs

and outputs.

DRAFT 4

12 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Power Amplifier The PA amplifies the RF output from the reciter and is available in 50 W

and 100 W models.

The 50 W model mounts vertically in the subrack, while the 100 W model

mounts horizontally as it has a wider heatsink. The 100 W PA is also fitted

with an airflow duct.

Both models are designed to operate on the 28 VDC output provided by the

PMU.

Power

Management Unit The PMU provides the 28 VDC

power supply for the modules in the

subrack. The input voltage can be AC,

DC or both AC and DC, depending

on the model. The PMU also has an

auxiliary DC output of 13.65 VDC,

27.3 VDC, or 54.6 VDC, depending

on the model.

50 W PA 100 W PA

AC and DC PMU shown

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 13

Front Panel The front panel is mounted onto the subrack with two quick-release

fasteners. It incorporates the indicator LEDs, four-line LCD display, user

controls and cooling fans.

The indicator LEDS allow some monitoring of the operational status of the

base station. The user controls and display allow the technician to configure

the IP address of each module. Refer to “Front Panel” on page 36 for more

information.

Note The microphone input and speaker are not used in this release of

the TB9400.

Subrack The 4 U subrack is made of passivated steel and is designed to fit into a

standard 19 inch rack or cabinet. The subrack is fitted with an interconnect

board that connects the system control bus and power to the modules and

front panel. The position of a module in the subrack is defined by the socket

on the subrack interconnect board to which the module is connected by the

system control bus.

DRAFT 4

14 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

1.3 Mechanical Assembly

This section illustrates the main mechanical components of the base station.

Figure 1.1 below shows the configuration for a typical dual 50 W base

station. The PMU occupies the slot at the left end of the subrack, with the

reciter and PA pairs to the right of it. Each PA is mounted vertically with its

heatsink facing its associated reciter. The PMU and each reciter/PA pair

have their own cooling fans.

The front panel can be easily removed from the subrack by undoing two

quick-release fasteners. Refer to “Replacing Modules” on page 93 for more

details.

Figure 1.1 Mechanical assembly - dual 50 W base station with front panel

bfront panel ireciter 1

csubrack jmodule retaining clamp

dPMU 1) subrack interconnect board

ePA 2 1! plastic guide rail

freciter 2 1@ subrack interconnect board retaining clamp

gcable retaining clip 1# front panel fastener

hPA 1

bcdefghi

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 15

Figure 1.2 below shows the configuration for a typical single 50 W base

station. The PMU occupies its usual slot at the left end of the subrack, with

the reciter and PA pair at the right of the subrack. The PA is mounted

vertically with its heatsink facing the reciter. The PMU and the reciter/PA

pair have their own cooling fans.

Figure 1.2 Mechanical assembly - single 50 W base station

bPMU dreciter

c50 W PA esubrack

DRAFT 4

16 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 1.3 below shows the configuration for a typical 100 W base station.

The PMU occupies its usual slot at the left end of the subrack, with the PA

directly beside it. The reciter occupies the slot at the right of the subrack.

Unlike the 50 W PAs, the 100 W PA is mounted horizontally with the

heatsink facing upwards. It is also fitted with an airflow duct to channel the

airflow from the cooling fan through the heatsink fins.

Figure 1.3 Mechanical assembly - single 100 W base station

bPMU ereciter

cPA fsubrack

dairflow duct gcable retaining clip

bcde

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 17

1.4 Frequency Bands and Sub-bands

The first release of the base station operates only on K band. Later releases

will support operation on other frequency bands.

1.5 Applications

The TB9400 is designed for operation in a TaitNet P25 trunked radio

network. It can operate as a single base station or as part of a channel group

or simulcast channel group, and as a traffic channel or control channel.

In a trunked simulcast network, the transmitters in the channel group are

synchronized and transmit simultaneously on the same frequency. Each

transmitter needs a highly accurate 1 PPS pulse and an external frequency

reference, so that it can time transmissions with the required accuracy. We

also recommend using an NTP server at each site, as this will ensure a

common timestamp in logs across all units in the system.

For more information, refer to the TaitNet P25 System Manual.

Frequency

Identification Frequency Band and Sub-band

K band K4 = 762 MHz to 870 MHza

a. The actual frequency coverage in this band is:

Transmit: 762 MHz to 776 MHz, and 850 MHz to 870 MHz

Receive: 792 MHz to 824 MHz

DRAFT 4

18 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

1.6 Licenses

Some operational functions of the base station are controlled by licenses.

These functions will not work unless you purchase the appropriate feature

license and enable the feature set controlled by that license. The feature sets

currently available are listed below.

P25 Common Air

Interface Allows the base station to go into Online mode. Base stations are always

provided with this license.

P25 Trunking

Operation Allows a base station to participate in a trunking system. Without this

feature, the base station cannot provide a control or a status connection to a

trunking site controller and it cannot function as a control or traffic channel.

Networking with

Centralized Voter Allows the base station to act as a central voter within its channel group. This

feature also allows voice networking. Only base stations that will centrally

vote (normally the central voter and its backup) need this feature. The other

members of the channel group only need the networking with distributed

voter feature. A standard trunked base station (standalone without fill-in

repeaters or other channel group members) can function as a master or a

failsoft repeater without this license.

Simulcast

Transmitter This feature is required in base stations that have transmitters and belong to

a simulcast network.

Simulcast

Modulation Allows the base station to transmit using the LSM modulation scheme. This

scheme is designed to minimize performance degradation in simulcast

channels caused by delay spread.

Failsoft for P25

Trunking Allows trunked channels that become isolated from a site controller to

perform simple conventional operation and to interface to a digital dispatch

system. If a trunked channel consists of several base stations in a channel

group, only the central voter (normally the master) needs this license. It is

then able to become the failsoft repeater for that channel group.

Phase 2 Operation

(not yet available) This feature will allow the base station to operate in trunking mode using

two-slot TDMA as defined by the P25 Phase 2 standard.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 19

1.7 Theory of Operation

The reciter receives RF signals from its RF input and sends RF from its RF

output to the PA, along with a PA key signal. The PA sends an RF feedback

signal to the reciter for linearization and power control purposes. The reciter

also receives signals from, and sends signals to, the system interface, the

Ethernet interface, and the front panel (see Figure 1.4).

A system control bus interconnects the modules and carries alarm and

control signaling between the reciter and the other modules.

The Ethernet interface carries voice over IP and also allows maintainer

access via a web browser.

Figure 1.4 Base station high-level diagram

Reciter

PMU PA

RF To

Antenna

RF From

Antenna 1PPS*

External

Reference

Frequency*

AC Input

DC Input

28VDC

System Control Bus

RF + PA Key

RF Feedback

System Input

and Output

Ethernet Interface

to Network

Front

Panel

*optional for non-simulcast systems

DRAFT 4

20 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

The reciter carries out signal processing and has overall control of the base

station. It has four boards, as shown in Figure 1.5.

The receiver board contains all the receiver circuitry, while the exciter

circuitry is located on the transmit forward board.

The reciter control board converts information between analog and digital

and controls the maintainer’s access via the front panel. It performs the air

interface signal processing for digital P25 mode, gives the base station an

identity as a network element, and provides the physical connections for the

Ethernet and system interfaces.

Figure 1.5 Reciter boards

RF Input

(feedback

from PA)

RF Output

Receiver

Board

Transmit

Forward

Board

Transmit

Reverse

Board

Front

Panel

Reciter

Control

Board

Maintainer Access

System Input

and Output

Ethernet Interface

to Network

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 21

1.7.1 Signal Paths

Figure 1.6 gives an overview of signal paths within the reciter.

Digital P25 signals from the receive RF interface pass through the digital

receiver and P25 modem to the control software in the RISC processor. The

control software passes the signal through the Ethernet interface to the site

controller, or to the central voter in a simulcast system.

Input to the Ethernet interface can be from the site controller, or from the

central voter in a simulcast system. These inputs are processed by the RISC

and passed through the P25 modem to the transmitter. If the base station is

itself a central voter, this input can also be a received signal, which is voted

on and sent back through the Ethernet interface to the site controller.

1.7.2 Online and Offline Modes

The base station normally operates in Online mode, but you can put it into

Offline mode via its web interface.

Online Mode In Online mode, the base station performs its normal functions.

Offline Mode When you program the base station or run invasive diagnostic tests, the base

station must be in Offline mode. This takes the base station out of service.

However, the front panel is still operational and can be used in the normal

way.

Figure 1.6 Reciter signal paths

Modulator

Demodulator

P25

Modem

Cartesian

Loop

Control

ADC

DDC

DAC

RTP

UDP

Transmit

RF Interface

Transmit

RF Interface

(feedback

from PA)

Receive

RF Interface

Ethernet

Interface

Protocol

Stack

Reciter Control Board

DRAFT 4

22 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

1.7.3 Intermodule Communications

A system control bus and a subrack interconnect board link the modules in

the subrack and carry alarm and control signaling between the reciter and

the other modules, as shown in Figure 1.7.

Figure 1.7 Intermodule communication paths

FanFan

Fan

I C

RS-485RS-485

RS-485

RS-485I C

2Fan

PA Fan

PMU Fan

Fan

PA 1

μP

Subrack Interconnect Board

PA 2

μP

Reciter 1

μP

Front Panel

PMU

Fan

Reciter 1/

PA 1 Fan

Reciter 2/

PA 2 Fan

Reciter 2

μP

User

Controls

PMU

μP

I C Current

Source

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 23

1.7.4 Power Management and Distribution

The PMU manages the supply of power to ensure uninterrupted operation

of the base station. A range of parameters is monitored and these can trigger

alarms that are sent to the reciter. Alarms can be monitored via the web

interface, and are also recorded in the reciter’s internal log file.

AC to DC

Changeover When the PMU has an AC and a DC module, the base station can be

station will default to the AC supply if both supplies are provided. If the AC

supply becomes unavailable, a seamless changeover from the AC to DC

supply takes place, providing that the battery voltage is above the configured

minimum. You can use a web browser to check whether the base station is

running on battery or mains power.

DC Operation When the base station is running off the DC supply and the battery voltage

falls below the configured minimum, the base station will enter battery

protection mode to protect the battery and base station equipment. The

standby power supply card maintains the power to the PMU microprocessor,

while the rest of the PMU is shut down. When the battery voltage rises to

the configured startup setting, power is resumed to the DC supply. Refer to

“PMU Operation on DC Input” on page 25 for more detailed information.

Auxiliary Power

Control The output from the auxiliary power supply board can be used to power

other site equipment. The maximum output is 40 W.

Distribution Figure 1.8 shows how power is distributed to modules in the subrack. The

28 VDC output from the PMU is fed directly to the 100 W PA and 50 W

PA1, and to the other modules via the subrack interconnect board. Power

to the reciters and front panel is current-limited by self-resetting fuses on the

subrack board.

The AC converter has a series switch which breaks the phase input to the

converter. The DC input, however, has much higher current ratings. Its

switch does not disconnect power from the DC converter itself, but disables

the converter by switching off its control circuitry.

The outputs from both the AC and DC high power converters are added

together and fed to the modules via the high-current outputs. The auxiliary

output is also tapped off this summed output.

DRAFT 4

24 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 1.8 Subrack power distribution for single and dual base stations

DC AC

28V

Aux. DC 28V

PMU

PA Reciter

Subrack

Board

Front

Panel

DC AC

28V

Aux. DC 28V

PMU

PA 1 PA 2 Reciter 1

Subrack

Board

Reciter 2 Front

Panel

Single

Dual

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 25

1.7.5 PMU Operation on DC Input

The operation of the PMU on DC input is controlled by three sets of

parameters:

■user-programmable alarms

■user-programmable startup and shutdown limits

■battery protection limits

The voltage range for each of these parameters is provided in Table 1.1 on

page 26. Figure 1.9 on page 27 illustrates how these parameters interact, and

how they control the operation of the PMU over a range of DC input

voltages.

Alarms User-programmable alarms can be set for low or high battery voltage

(Configure > Alarms > Thresholds). The alarms will be triggered when the

set voltage levels are reached. These limits are subject to the tolerances of the

battery protection circuitry, as stated in “Battery Protection (Fail-safe)

Limits” in Table 1.1.

Startup and

Shutdown Limits The user-programmable startup and shutdown limits allow for adjustable

startup and shutdown voltages (Configure > Base Station > Miscellaneous).

These limits can be adjusted for different numbers of battery cells, or for the

particular requirements of the base station operation. Once the limits are

reached, the PMU will shut down. These limits are subject to the tolerances

of the battery protection circuitry, as stated in “Battery Protection (Fail-safe)

Limits” in Table 1.1.

Important It is possible to set the startup voltage of the base station

below the nominal voltage of the battery. Continuing to use

a battery for extended periods when it is below its nominal

voltage will severely shorten its service life. For more infor-

mation on battery management, we recommend that you

consult the battery manufacturer.

Battery Protection

Limits The battery protection limits are set in hardware at the factory, and cannot

be adjusted by the user. These limits will not be reached under normal

operation conditions, but are provided as “fail-safe” measures to protect the

battery from deep discharge. They also remove the need for low-voltage

disconnect modules.

DRAFT 4

26 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Table 1.1 PMU DC voltage limitsa

Parameter

Voltage Range

12 V PMU 24 V PMU 48 V PMU

User-programmable Alarmsb

Low Battery Voltage

High Battery Voltage

10 V to 14 V

14 V to 17.5 V

20 V to 28 V

28 V to 35 V

40 V to 56 V

56 V to 70 V

User-programmable Limitsbc

Startup Voltage (after shutdown)

Shutdown Voltage

10.9 V to 15 V ± 0.3 V

10 V to 13.5 V ± 0.3 V

21.8 V to 30 V ± 0.3 V

20 V to 27 V ± 0.3 V

43.6 V to 60 V ± 0.3 V

40 V to 54 V ± 0.3 V

Battery Protection (Fail-safe) Limits

Startup Voltage

Undervoltage Shutdown

Overvoltage Shutdown

Overvoltage Shutdown Reset

10.8 V +0.2 V

9.5 V +0.3 V

18.1 V +0.3 V

17.1 V +0.3 V

21.6 V +0.5 V

19 V +0.5 V

36.2 V +0.5 V

34.2 V +0.5 V

43.2 V +1 V

38 V +1 V

72.4 V +1 V

68.4 V +1 V

a. The information in this table is extracted from the Specifications Manual. Refer to the latest issue of this manual

for the most up-to-date and complete PMU specifications.

b. Using the base station’s web interface.

c. These limits are subject to the tolerances of the battery protection circuitry.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Description 27

Figure 1.9 PMU alarm thresholds and voltage limits when operating on DC

Time

DC Input Voltage

Overvoltage Shutdown (HW)

Undervoltage Shutdown (HW)

Overvoltage Shutdown Reset (HW)

High Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm)

Low Battery Voltage Alarm (SW Alarm)

Startup Voltage (SW)

Shutdown Voltage (SW)

Startup Voltage (HW)

Run

Stop

Active

Off

Software Control &

Hardware Combined

Hardware Behaviour

Software Alarm

(Low Battery Voltage)

Software Alarm

(High Battery Voltage)

30s delay 30s delay 30s delay

DRAFT 4

28 Description TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

1.7.6 Front Panel Fans

The front panel is equipped with three fans. One fan is for the PMU and

the other two are for the reciter/PA pairs in a 50 W base station, or for the

PA and reciter in a 100 W base station. Front panel fans do not operate

continuously but are switched on and off as needed by the reciter firmware.

Each reciter controls the fan it shares with its PA, and reciter 1 also controls

the PMU fan. Under certain conditions the PMU and each PA can override

the reciter and assume control of its own fan.

Front panel fans are 3-wire fans (power, ground, and rotation detect). The

reciter can monitor whether the fans are rotating and generate an alarm if

the fan fails.

The fans turn on for a few seconds when the base station is powered up, and

also after the front panel is refitted to a base station which is powered up.

Configuring Fan

Control The operation of the PA fan is configurable via the web interface; you can

specify the threshold temperature at which the fan will be turned on, and

set the fan to operate only when the PA is transmitting.

The PMU fan has fixed on/off thresholds and a defined set of duty cycles

based on the PMU temperature, as described in the following table:

PMU Temperature Fan Duty Cycle

<149 °F (65 °C) Increases as the load on the PMU

increases

149-167 °F (65-75 °C) On for two minutes, off for one minute

>167 °F (75 °C) Always on

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 29

2 General Safety and Regulatory

Information

This chapter provides general information on safety precautions for

operating the base station.

2.1 Personal Safety

2.1.1 Unpacking and Moving the Equipment

To prevent personal injury and equipment damage, we recommend that two

people unpack and move the equipment.

Caution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to

55 lb (25 kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with

packaging. We recommend that you have another

person help you unpack and move the equipment.

The TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier

to move the equipment once it has been unpacked.

If necessary, remove the modules from the subrack

before moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on

page 93). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.

2.1.2 Lethal Voltages

Warning!! The PMU contains voltages that may be lethal.

Refer to the ratings label on the rear of the

module.

The equipment must be installed so that the rear of the PMU is located in

a service access area which is accessible only by qualified personnel. The

PMU must be connected to the mains supply source by qualified personnel

in accordance with local and national regulations.

Disconnect the mains IEC connector and wait for five minutes for

the internal voltages to self-discharge before dismantling. The AC

power on/off switch does not isolate the PMU from the mains. It

breaks only the phase circuit, not the neutral.

The PMU should be serviced only by qualified technicians. There are no

user-replaceable parts inside. If the PMU is damaged and does not function

DRAFT 4

30 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

properly, stop the module safely and contact your regional Tait office

immediately.

All servicing should be carried out only when the PMU is powered through

a mains isolating transformer of sufficient rating.

2.1.3 AC Power Connection

2.1.4 Explosive Environments

Warning!! Do not operate the equipment near electrical

blasting caps or in an explosive atmosphere.

Operating the equipment in these environments

is a definite safety hazard.

2.1.5 Proximity to RF Transmissions

Do not operate the transmitter when someone is standing within 3 ft (90 cm)

of the antenna. Do not operate the transmitter unless you have checked that

all RF connectors are secure.

2.1.6 High Temperatures

Take care when handling a PMU or PA which has been operating recently.

Under extreme operating conditions (+ 140° F [+60° C] ambient air

temperature) or high duty cycles, the external surfaces of the PMU and PA

can reach temperatures of up to + 176° F (+ 80° C).

2.1.7 LED Safety (EN 60825-1)

This equipment contains Class 1 LED Products.

English (en) The PMU must be connected to a grounded mains

socket-outlet.

Norsk (no) Apparatet må tilkoples jordet stikkontakt.

Suomi (fi) Laite on liitettävä suojamaadoitus-koskettimilla

varustettuun pistorasiaan.

Svenska (sv) Apparaten skall anslutas till jordat uttag.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 31

2.2 Equipment Safety

2.2.1 Installation and Servicing Personnel

The equipment should be installed and serviced only by qualified personnel.

2.2.2 Preventing Damage to the PA

The base station has been designed to operate safely under a wide range of

antenna loading conditions. Transmitting into a low VSWR will maximize

the power delivered to the antenna.

Important Do not remove the load from the PA while it is

transmitting.

Load transients (switching or removing the load) or atmospheric

disturbances (for example rain static and electrical storms) can damage the

PA output stage. See “Connecting RF” on page 84 for recommendations.

2.2.3 ESD Precautions

Important This equipment contains devices which are susceptible to

damage from static charges. You must handle these devices

carefully and according to the procedures described in the

manufacturers’ data books.

We recommend you purchase an antistatic bench kit from a reputable

manufacturer and install and test it according to the manufacturer’s

instructions. Figure 2.1 shows a typical antistatic bench set-up.

You can obtain further information on antistatic precautions and the dangers

of electrostatic discharge (ESD) from standards such as ANSI/ESD

S20.20-1999 or BS EN 100015-4 1994.

Figure 2.1 Typical antistatic bench set-up

common point ground

(building ground or

mains ground)

conductive wrist strap

dissipative rubber

bench mat

DRAFT 4

32 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

2.2.4 Anti-tampering Devices

All network elements should be physically secured, where possible. This

includes the use of locked cabinets and the use of seals on connectors.

All network and audio connectors should be sealed with the stick-on type

of seal. The purpose of the seals is to detect unauthorized tampering. The

seal should reveal if any of the connectors have been unplugged or if any

unauthorized equipment has been plugged in.

The seals must be difficult to remove without breaking, and must bridge

between the cable and equipment side (plug and socket) of the connection.

Seals must cover any unused network or audio sockets. This includes the

Ethernet connector on the rear panel, any spare switch ports, and the

console port on the router and switch.

The seals must be difficult to reproduce. A sticker initialed or signed by the

technician should satisfy this.

Seals must be replaced if they need to be disturbed during maintenance.

2.3 Environmental Conditions

2.3.1 Operating Temperature Range

The operating temperature range of the equipment is – 22°F to + 140°F

(– 30°C to + 60°C) ambient temperature. Ambient temperature is defined as

the temperature of the air at the intake to the cooling fans.

2.3.2 Humidity

The humidity should not exceed 95% relative humidity through the

specified operating temperature range.

2.3.3 Dust and Dirt

For uncontrolled environments, the level of airborne particulates must not

exceed 100 µg/m3.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual General Safety and Regulatory Information 33

2.4 Regulatory Information

2.4.1 Distress Frequencies

The 406 to 406.1 MHz frequency range is reserved worldwide for use by

Distress Beacons. Do not program transmitters to operate in this frequency

range.

2.4.2 FCC Compliance

This equipment complies with:

■CFR Title 47 Part 15 Class B (except PMU):

Radiated and conducted emissions, and electromagnetic susceptibility

specifications of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules

for the United States.

Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

a. This device may not cause harmful interference, and

b. This device must accept any interference received, including

interference that may cause undesired operation.

■CFR Title 47 Part 15 Class A (PMU only):

Radiated and conducted emissions, and electromagnetic susceptibility

specifications of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules

for the United States.

Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

a. This device may not cause harmful interference, and

b. This device must accept any interference received, including

interference that may cause undesired operation.

2.4.3 Unauthorized Modifications

Any modifications you make to this equipment which are not authorized by

Tait Electronics Limited may invalidate your compliance authority’s approval

to operate the equipment.

DRAFT 4

34 General Safety and Regulatory Information TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

2.4.4 Health, Safety and Electromagnetic Compatibility in Europe

In the European Community, radio and telecommunications equipment is

regulated by Directive 1999/5/EC, also known as Radio and

Telecommunications Terminal Equipment (R&TTE) directive. The

requirements of this directive include protection of health and safety of users,

as well as electromagnetic compatibility.

Intended Purpose of

Product This product is a radio transceiver. It is intended for radio communications

in the Private Mobile Radio (PMR) or Public Access Mobile Radio

(PAMR) services, to be used in all member states of the European Union

(EU) and states within the European Economic Area (EEA). This product

can be programmed to transmit on frequencies that are not harmonized

throughout the EU/EEA, and will require a licence to operate in each

member state.

Declaration of

Conformity You can download the formal Declaration of Conformity from

http://eudocs.taitradio.com/. You can also obtain a signed and dated paper

copy of the Declaration of Conformity from Tait Electronics Limited.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Operation 35

3 Operation

This section describes the user controls and indicator LEDs on the front

panel and on the base station modules.

DRAFT 4

36 Operation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

3.1 Front Panel

The user controls and indicator LEDs on the front panel are shown in

Figure 3.1. They allow some manual control over the base station and

monitoring of its operational status.

Note If there is more that one reciter in a subrack, inputs from all recit-

ers are summed to drive the front panel LEDs.

Speaker and

Microphone

Connector

The speaker and microphone connector are not used in this release of the

base station.

Power LED The green power LED is lit when power is supplied to the subrack.

Alarm LED The red alarm LED will flash at a rate of 2 to 5 Hz when an alarm has been

generated by any of the base station modules. It will continue to flash until

the alarm is canceled or the fault is fixed. Note that only those alarms which

are enabled using the web interface will cause this LED to flash.

Figure 3.1 Operating controls on the control panel

bspeaker freceive LED

cmicrophone connector gtransmit LED

dpower LED hkeypad

ealarm LED idisplay

bcdefgi h

b c

LED Description

On (steady) The base station is in Offline mode (regardless of the presence of

any fault).

Flashing The base station is in Online mode, and one or more faults are

present.

Off The base station is in Online mode, and no faults are present.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Operation 37

Receive LED The amber receive LED indicates whether the base station is receiving a

valid RF signal.

Transmit LED The amber transmit LED is lit while the transmitter is transmitting.

Keypad The keypad is used to navigate the base station’s menus, enter text, and to

adjust the contrast of the display. The complete list of menu items is provided

in “Menu Map” on page 39.

If required, the keypad can be disabled in the web interface to prevent access

to the base station via the front panel menus (see “Disabling the Front Panel

Keypad” on page 60).

Note Unlike a computer keyboard, the keys do not auto-repeat. Each

action requires a separate key-press.

LED Description

On (steady) The base station is receiving a valid RF signal.

Off The base station is not receiving a valid RF signal.

Key Name Function

left and right

arrow keys

■Move the cursor to the left or right when entering text. Moving the cursor

beyond the end of a line will return it to the other end of the same line.

■Decrease or increase the contrast in the Display Contrast screen.

scroll keys ■Scroll up and down through a list of menu items.

■Scroll up and down through the list of available characters when entering

text.

■Increase or decrease the contrast in the Display Contrast screen.

OK ■Selects the highlighted menu item.

■Confirms any adjustments made and exits to the previous menu.

■When setting the IP address, moves the cursor down one line. When all

the IP addresses are confirmed, exits to the previous menu.

home ■Returns to the idle screen from any other menu.

return ■Returns to the previous menu.

■Moves the cursor up one line in the IP address screen. When the top line is

reached, pressing again returns to the previous menu.

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38 Operation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Display The display is used in conjunction with the keypad to access the base

station’s menus. It allows the technician to configure the IP address of each

reciter (refer to “Setting the IP Address” on page 48), and to set the contrast

of the display (see below).

After the base station is powered up, the display shows “Please wait . . .” while

the base station is starting up, followed by the idle screen when the start-up

process is complete. If the front panel loses communication with reciter 1,

the display also shows “Please wait . . .”, and the alarm LED flashes. If the base

station is activating new firmware, the display is blank and the power LED

flashes. The idle screen shows four lines of user-defined text, which can be

entered via the web interface (Identity > Identity > Base Station Identity).

From the idle screen press an arrow key, a scroll key or OK to go to the base

station menu. The display returns to the idle screen from any other screen

30 seconds after the last key press. Press any key to turn on the backlight.

The backlight turns off 30 seconds after the last key press.

Note If the keypad has been disabled, pressing an arrow key, a scroll key

or OK will cause the display to show “Keypad Disabled”.

Set the display contrast as follows:

1. From the base station menu select Modules > Front Panel > Contrast.

2. To increase the contrast, press the right arrow or scroll up key. To

decrease the contrast, press the left arrow or scroll down key.

3. When the contrast is set to the required level, press OK to save the

changes and exit the menu.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Operation 39

Menu Map The menu map below shows the menu items available in this release of the

base station.

Note The menu map shown is for a single base station. The menu items

available in your base station will depend on the modules present

in the subrack.

Modules

Reciter 1

Reciter 2

Front Panel

Base Station

Modules

Reciter 1

View Reciter 1 Address

Edit Reciter 1 Address

Front Panel

Contrast

Idle Screen

Contrast

View Reciter 1 Address

IP: 172.025.198.043

MASK: 255.255.000.000

GW: 172.025.002.251

Edit Reciter 1 Address

IP: 172.025.198.043

MASK: 255.255.000.000

GW: 172.025.002.251

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40 Operation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

3.2 Module Indicator LEDs and Switches

Additional status information is displayed by LEDs in individual modules.

The PMU also has switches that let you turn the AC and DC modules off.

3.2.1 Reciter

Front View The indicator LEDs on the front of the reciter are visible through a slot in

its front panel.

These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the reciter:

■steady green - the reciter is powered up

■flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the

web interface to find out more details about the alarms.

Figure 3.2 Indicator LEDs on the front of the reciter

bindicator LEDs

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Operation 41

Rear View The indicator LEDs on the rear of the reciter are on the Ethernet connector.

These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the reciter:

■steady amber - the Ethernet interface is connected

■flashing green - data is being transmitted across the Ethernet interface.

Figure 3.3 Indicator LEDs on the rear of the reciter

bindicator LEDs

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42 Operation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

3.2.2 PA

The indicator LEDs on the PA are visible through a slot in its front panel.

Indicator LEDs These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the PA:

■steady green - the PA is powered up

■flashing green - the PA has no application firmware loaded or activated;

you can use the web interface to download or activate the firmware; also

see “Preparing to Download Firmware” on page 61

■flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the

web interface to find out more details about the alarms.

Note The alarm LED will flash whenever an alarm is generated,

whether or not this alarm has been disabled via the web interface.

Figure 3.4 Indicator LEDs on the PA

bindicator LEDs

50 W PA 100 W PA

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Operation 43

3.2.3 PMU

The only controls on the PMU are the on/off switches on the rear panel for

the AC and DC modules, and the indicator LEDs visible through a slot in

its front panel.

Warning!! The AC and DC module on/off switches do not

totally isolate the internal circuitry of the PMU

from the AC or DC power supplies. You must

disconnect the AC and DC supplies from the

PMU before dismantling or carrying out any

maintenance. Refer to the service manual for

the correct servicing procedures.

AC Module On/Off

Switch This switch turns the AC input to the PMU on and off. Note that this

switch breaks only the phase circuit, not the neutral.

Note On switches fitted to PMUs up to November 2008, the red button

is “in” when on, and “out” when off. On switches fitted from

November 2008 onwards, the red button remains “out” whether

on or off.

Figure 3.5 Operating controls on the PMU

bAC module on/off switch dindicator LEDs

cDC module on/off switch

rear view

front view

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44 Operation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DC Module On/Off

Switch This switch turns the DC output from the PMU on and off. Note that this

switch does not disconnect power from the DC converter itself. It disables

the converter by switching off its control circuitry. Even when the DC

converter is off, the DC input is still connected to its power circuitry.

The switch is recessed to prevent the DC module being accidentally

switched off, thus disabling the battery back-up supply.

Indicator LEDs These LEDs provide the following information about the state of the PMU:

■steady green - the PMU is powered up

■flashing green - the PMU has no application firmware loaded or

activated; you can use the web interface to download or activate the

firmware; also see “Preparing to Download Firmware” on page 61

■flashing red - one or more alarms have been generated; you can use the

web interface to find out more details about the alarms.

Note The alarm LED will flash whenever an alarm is generated,

whether or not this alarm has been disabled via the web interface.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 45

4 Working with Base Stations from Your

The normal web browser on your PC provides a window into the TB9400

base station. Use it to connect to the base station so that you can monitor,

configure, diagnose, and calibrate it (if required).

This section describes the following:

■Connecting to the base station, including initially setting things up.

■Wo r k i n g w i t h base station web pages.

■Carrying out basic tasks.

This section provides an overview of some aspects of the web interface.

Refer to the Help for detailed instructions.

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46 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

4.1 PC Recommendations

We recommend the following PC hardware and software for connecting to

a TB9400 base station:

■SVGA Monitor (1024 x 768 minimum).

■Network connection.

■Mozilla Firefox version 3.6 and later, Microsoft Internet Explorer

version 8 and later.

Note We h ave t e s t e d t h e base station with Firefox 3.6 and Internet

Explorer 8. If you encounter problems with your web browser,

change to one of these browsers.

4.2 Connecting Your PC to the Base Station

You connect to a base station using your web browser. Using multiple

browser windows or tabs, you can view more than one base station and more

than one page of any base station at once. Base stations have a web-based

interface that provides the pages you view. Up to five users may be logged

in to a base station at once.

The base station has three different user access levels: Administrator,

Maintainer, and Guest. Passwords can be defined for the Administrator and

Maintainer levels. This is done using the base station’s web interface (Tools >

Tools > User Administration). Refer to the Help for more information on

setting user access levels.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 47

4.2.1 Logging In

1. Enter the base station’s URL into your browser: the default address is

https://192.168.1.2 (note the use of a secure-socket connection). To

find out the base station’s IP address, on the front panel select Mod-

ules > Reciter 1 (or 2) > View Reciter 1 (or 2) Address. To set the

IP address, refer to “Setting the IP Address” on page 48.

Note If access to this menu on the front panel has been disabled, you can

find out the IP address by .....how??

2. A security warning appears when you connect for the first time.

Proceed anyway (refer to “Responding to Security Warnings” on

page 49).

3. The login screen appears.

4. Enter your user name and password. When connecting for the first

time, enter the user name “admin” and password “tbc_admin”.

5. Click Login.

Verify default address.

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48 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

4.2.2 Setting the IP Address

Before the base station is installed on site, you need to provide it with its

proper IP address. Make sure that you do not lose this address. A quick way

to set the base station’s IP address is to use the front panel, as described

below.

Note If access to this menu on the front panel has been disabled, log in

to the base station and set the IP address using the web interface

(Identity > Identity > Network Identity).

1. Use the front panel display to enter the IP address, subnet mask and

gateway specified for this base station by the IP addressing plan for the

network. From the base station menu select Modules > Reciter 1

(or 2) > Edit Reciter 1 (or 2) Address. If the idle screen is showing,

press an arrow key, a scroll key or OK to clear it.

Important In this screen each octet in the address lines has provision

for three characters. If an octet in the address has less than

three characters, enter one or two leading zeroes so that

each position is filled, even though the zeroes are not part

of the address. For example, enter 172.25.506.47 as

172.025.506.047. Leading zeroes are removed when the

address is programmed into the base station.

2. Set each address as described below. Use the left and right arrow keys

to move the cursor across each line in the Addresses screen. Use the

scroll keys to scroll through the available numbers for each position in

a line.

a. Set the IP address and press OK. This moves the cursor to the next

line. To move the cursor back to the previous line, press the return

key.

b. Set the Mask address and press OK.

c. Set the Gateway address and press OK.

d. The display shows “Setting Reciter 1 (or 2) address Please wait...”

while the base station confirms that the addresses are correct.

When this process has finished, the display will show

“SUCCEEDED” or “FAILED” as appropriate. Press OK to return to

the previous menu.

3. If the process failed, try entering the address again. It it still fails, try

the following:

■enter the address through the web interface

■check that the IP address you are trying to enter is not already in

use by another device on the same subnet.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 49

4.2.3 Responding to Security Warnings

When your browser connects to a TB9400 for the first time, it raises a

security warning. Normally, secure websites have a security certificate issued

by a trusted Certification Authority. This is to foil attempts by rogue

websites to pretend to be something they are not. Obtaining such certificates

is impractical for each installed TB9400, so a self-signed certificate is created

when the reciter’s firmware is installed.

Your browser raises a security warning because the security certificate was

not issued by a trusted Certification Authority. The browser has a way of

letting you override or bypass the security warning. In Internet Explorer,

you install a certificate, in Mozilla Firefox you add an exception, and in

Google Chrome you elect to proceed anyway.

You can be confident that you are not connecting to a rogue website

pretending to be your TB9400, so follow the procedure below to tell the

browser that the security certificate is OK. The browser then stores the

security certificate and will not raise a warning on subsequent connections,

unless the IP address of the TB9400 changes or you use a different URL

such as https://127.0.0.1. For more information, refer to

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/931850 (Internet Explorer) or search for

“security certificate” in your browser’s Help.

Firefox 1. When the message “This Connection is Untrusted” appears, click

I Understand the Risks.

2. Click Add Exception.

3. The Location field includes details specific to your TB9400. Without

changing the default values, click Confirm Security Exception.

Internet Explorer 1. Click Continue to this website (not recommended).

2. Click Certificate Error.

3. Click View certificates. The Certificate dialog box, General tab is

displayed.

4. Click Install Certificate and then follow the Certificate Import

Wizard to install the certificate. Proceed to the end without changing

the default values. When the Security Warning window appears, click

Yes.

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50 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

4.2.4 Connecting a Networked PC to a Base Station

You may want to temporarily disconnect a networked PC from its LAN in

order to be able to establish a direct connection with the base station. A

physical connection is needed as well as an alternate (Windows 7, Windows

Vista, Windows XP) or temporary (Windows 2000) IP address and subnet

mask.

Windows 7 or

Windows Vista 1. Remove the local area Ethernet connection and connect an Ethernet

patch cable between the PC and the base station. You can use either

a straight through or crossover Ethernet patch cable with the current

base station firmware.

2. Navigate to Control Panel > Network and Internet > Network and

Sharing Center.

3. Click View status.

4. In the Local Area Connection Status dialog box, click Properties.

5. In the Local Area Connection Properties dialog box, click Internet

Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4), and then click Properties.

6. Click Alternate Configuration.

7. Select the User configured option, and then enter a number that is on

the same subnet as the base station. For example, if the TB9400 has

IP 192.168.1.2, enter 192.168.1.1 for the PC.

8. Enter a suitable subnet mask, for example 255.255.255.0.

The web browser should now be able to connect to any physically

connected base station that is on the same subnet.

9. Once the web browser session is finished, re-connect the local area

network cable to the PC. The PC then uses its normal TCP/IP

properties.

Windows XP

Professional 1. Remove the local area Ethernet connection and connect an Ethernet

patch cable between the PC and the base station. You can use either

a straight through or crossover Ethernet patch cable with the current

base station firmware.

2. Click Start > Settings > Control Panel.

3. Double-click Network Connections.

4. Double-click the Local Area Network icon.

5. Click Properties.

6. Click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click Properties.

7. Click Alternate Configuration.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 51

8. Select the User configured option, and then enter a number that is on

the same subnet as the base station. For example, if the TB9400 has

IP 192.168.1.2, enter 192.168.1.1 for the PC.

9. Enter a suitable subnet mask, for example 255.255.255.0.

The web browser should now be able to connect to any physically

connected base station that is on the same subnet.

10. Once the web browser session is finished, re-connect the local area

network cable to the PC. The PC then uses its normal TCP/IP

properties.

Windows 2000 1. Remove the local area Ethernet connection and connect an Ethernet

patch cable between the PC and the base station. You can use either

a straight through or crossover Ethernet patch cable with the current

base station firmware.

2. Select Start > Settings > Network and Dialup Connections.

3. Double-click the Local Area Connection icon.

4. Click Properties.

5. Click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click Properties.

6. Note the current settings so that you can restore them later.

7. Select Use the following IP address, and then enter a number that

is on the same subnet as the base station. For example, if the base

station has IP 192.168.1.2, enter 192.168.1.1 for the PC.

8. Enter a suitable subnet mask, for example 255.255.255.0.

The web browser should now be able to connect to the base station.

9. When you have finished the web browser session, re-connect the

local area network cable to the PC and then restore the original PC

configuration. When you close the Network connection dialog box,

the restored configuration is applied.

4.2.5 Troubleshooting Connection Problems

If the attempt to connect to a base station failed, consider these possible

causes.

1. Your PC is part of your organization’s LAN and does not belong to

the same subnet as the base station. Give the PC a suitable IP address

and subnet mask as described in “Connecting a Networked PC to a

Base Station” on page 50.

2. You are attempting to connect to the wrong IP address. Check that

the IP address is correct.

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52 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Note You can quickly check the base station’s IP address via the front

panel, as long as access to this menu has not been disabled.

3. The link to the base station is down. Use ping to check.

4. You may have to bypass the proxy in your organization’s LAN to

access the TaitNet P25 Network. Ask your system administrator to

give you access.

4.2.6 Finding a Lost or Forgotten IP Address

Use the following procedure if an IP address has been lost or forgotten.

1. Mount the reciter in a TB9400 subrack and fit the front panel. Power

up the subrack.

2. On the front panel display select Modules > Reciter 1 (or 2) > View

Reciter 1 (or 2) Address.

What do you do if access

to this front panel menu

has been blocked via the

web interface?

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Working with Base Stations from Your PC 53

4.3 Working with the Web Interface

This section provides an overview of the web interface. Refer to the Help

for detailed instructions.

When you connect to a base station, the browser displays a page like the

following.

The accordion menu on the left gives you access to the various pages. Click

a top level item (such as Configure) to open up its menu. Click the + icon

( ) on a menu item to expand the menu tree and the – icon ( ) to collapse

it again. Click an item in an expanded menu tree to display its page.

You can have more than one page open at the same time. Right-click an

item on the menu and select “Open link in new tab” or “Open link in new

window”. You can also wheel-click an item to open it in a new tab.

Press F11 for a full-screen display of the browser which does not show

toolbars and other information. Press F11 again to return to the standard

view.

Accordion

Model and name of

base station

Alarm status. Click

System Status to

go to the Alarms

screen.

Mode (online or

offline). Click

Mode to go to the

screen where you

can change mode.

Click to

disconnect

Status bar Click your user

name to change

your password

and user settings

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54 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

4.3.1 Monitoring Operation

Using the monitoring pages, you can see how the base station is currently

operating.

For example, you can see the status of its trunking interface (Monitor >

Interfaces > Trunking).

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4.3.2 Viewing Configuration Settings

The base station has many configuration settings that personalize it for its

particular role in the network. Some settings, such as those for the trunking

interface (Configure > Network Interfaces > Trunking), always apply.

Others are channel-based so that they can be dynamically changed. To view

these, you first need to know the channel that the base station is operating

on. Select Identity > Identity > Base Station to see its default channel

number. Then you can view the base station’s channel configuration

settings. Select Configure > Base Station > Channels to view the list of

channels.

Select a channel and click Edit to view details of the channel. Clicking

directly on any text in a line will also open the edit screen.

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56 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Channel and signaling settings are grouped together in profiles. The channel

configuration indicates the number of the currently active profile. To view

the channel profile settings, select Configure > RF Interface > Channel

Profiles and then click the relevant profile number.

Proceed in a similar way to view signaling profile and channel group settings.

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4.3.3 Viewing the Base Station and Network Identity

Each base station in a network has a unique base station and network

identity.

Select Identity > Identity and then Base Station or Network to view details

such as name, receiver number, default channel and network addresses. Note

that the Host Name field has a maximum of 63 characters, and may use the

characters a – z, 0 – 9, dot and hyphen.

You can also enter here the four lines of information you want to appear on

the front panel display (at start-up and when idle). Each line has a maximum

of 20 characters.

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58 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

4.4 Basic Tasks

4.4.1 User Settings

Click on your user name in the top right corner of the page to choose

whether the temperature is displayed in Fahrenheit or Celsius, and to change

your password.

4.4.2 Taking the Base Station Offline

You may need to take the base station offline in order to carry out diagnostic

tests or to take it out of service if a fault develops.

1. Click Mode on the status bar (or Select Tools > Tools > Base Station).

2. Under Control, select Offline. Click Offline to confirm the change.

In the Status area, the Mode display changes first to “Changing”, and

then to “Offline” ( ).

4.4.3 Troubleshooting Alarms

If the Alarm status on the status bar displays red, one or more alarms have

been triggered, and the Alarms menu automatically expands to display the

alarm(s). Click Help and navigate to the description of that alarm.

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4.4.4 Working with Configuration Files

At any time, you can save the current configuration settings as a file

(Tools > Tools > Configurations). This is stored in the base station, but you

can download it and store it on your computer as an off-site backup. The

base station identity and network identity are not saved as part of the

configuration file.

You may want to develop a master configuration and upload it to all base

stations in the network, The master configuration can contain all the

different channel configurations and can be common to all base stations. The

base station identity selects the default channel.

4.4.5 Configuring Single Base Stations

Most base stations in non-simulcast trunked networks are single. They

interface to a site controller but not to other base stations. The following

explains the special considerations when configuring single base stations.

Channel Group

Membership Although single base stations are not actually part of a channel group, their

channel configurations (Configure > Base Station > Channels) must still

select a channel group (Configure > Channel Group > Channel Groups).

Channel Group IP

Address The selected channel group must be configured for single base station

operation. Specify 127.0.0.1 as the channel group IP address. This stops the

base station from attempting to send voice packets to other base stations.

Preamble Although the single base station’s transmitter does not receive voice packets

from other channel group members, it still receives them from other base

stations via trunking controllers. So, while most channel group settings have

no effect, the preamble setting still applies and determines how large the

transmit buffer is.

The default setting of 40 ms is intended for internal jitter only. If the base

station is a traffic channel, you may have to increase the preamble. Voice

arriving at the base station’s trunking interface has travelled from another

base station via the trunking site controller and could have significantly more

jitter.

Marshalling

Duration If the base station is a control channel, the channel group settings should

specify fixed marshalling and allow a duration of 40 ms. This gives the

control channel’s transmitter an appropriate buffer (control channels do not

use the preamble to regulate the transmit buffer). Marshalling duration does

not apply to traffic channels.

Trunking Interface Single base stations need a control connection to their site controller. A

single base station interfaces to the site controller in the same way as the

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60 Working with Base Stations from Your PC TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

master base station in a trunked channel group. Select Configure > Network

Interfaces > Trunking to configure this.

4.4.6 Configuring Base Stations in a Channel Group

You can configure the way the base station behaves in its channel group.

Also, qualified network engineers can change DSCP assignments, so that

routers and switches provide a different quality of service to different types

of IP packets.

In trunked networks, many base stations are single and not actually part of a

channel group. However, they still must be assigned to a channel group

configuration and some of its parameters must be set correctly.

4.4.7 Setting Up Custom Alarms

Each of the base station’s 12 digital inputs can be used to raise a custom alarm

when the input goes high or low. The Custom Alarms form (Configure >

Alarms > Custom Alarms) allows you to assign a name to each custom

alarm, and to configure whether the alarm is triggered when the digital

input goes high or low.

Custom alarms are used to provide an alarm when an external event activates

a digital input. You can rename any of the available alarms to provide a more

meaningful name, such as “Door open”.

4.4.8 Disabling the Front Panel Keypad

You can disable the front panel keypad to prevent access to the base station

via the front panel menus. Select Configure > Base Station > Miscellaneous

and in the Front Panel area clear the Keypad enabled check box.

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4.4.9 Preparing to Download Firmware

New versions of base station firmware are remotely downloaded to base

stations from a package server. A package server is a basic web server

application. The product DVD provides the Mongoose web server.

Note You do not have to install Mongoose to make it work, because

mongoose-3.0.exe is a self-sufficient executable file.

You can set up a single PC to be the central package server for all the base

stations on the network using mongoose or any web server. You can also use

a laptop as a temporary package server.

To set up a PC as a package server, proceed as follows.

1. Insert the product DVD in the computer’s DVD drive.

2. If the DVD does not autorun, navigate to the DVD’s root folder and

double-click mongoose-3.0.exe. An “m” icon appears in the system

tray to indicate that the package server is running.

3. If the PC is to be the central package server, configure each base

station with the package server’s IP address and port.

a. Select Configure > Base Station > Miscellaneous.

b. Under Package server, enter the IP address of the package server.

4. If a laptop is to be a temporary package server, temporarily override

the package server IP address and port in each base station.

a. Select Tools > Tools > Firmware Download.

b. Under Package server, enter the IP address of the laptop.

You can now instruct a base station to list and download firmware from the

package server.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 63

5 Installation

This chapter provides information on the site requirements for your TB9400

equipment and also describes how to install the base station in a standard

19 inch rack or cabinet.

If this is your first time installing a TB9400 base station, we recommend that

you read the entire chapter before beginning the actual installation.

5.1 Before You Begin

5.1.1 Equipment Security

The security of your base station equipment is a high priority. If the site is

not fully secure, the base station should at least be locked in a secure cabinet

to prevent unauthorized access.

5.1.2 Grounding and Lightning Protection

Electrical Ground The base station modules are grounded by physical contact between the

module case and the subrack. To ensure a good ground connection you must

tighten each module retaining clamp securely (refer to “Final Reassembly”

on page 107 for the correct torque).

A threaded grounding connector is provided on the rear of the subrack for

connection to the site ground point (refer to “Connecting Up the Base

Station” on page 80 for more details).

Lightning Ground It is extremely important for the security of the site and its equipment that

you take adequate precautions against lightning strike. Because it is outside

the scope of this manual to provide comprehensive information on this

subject, we recommend that you conform to your country’s standards

organization or regulatory body.

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64 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

5.1.3 Equipment Ventilation

Always ensure there is adequate ventilation around the base station.

Warning!! Do not operate it in a sealed cabinet. You must

keep the ambient temperature within the speci-

fied range, and we strongly recommended that

you ensure that the cooling airflow is not

restricted.

Important The cooling fans are mounted on the front panel and will

only operate when the panel is fitted correctly to the front

of the subrack. To ensure adequate airflow through the base

station, do not operate it for more than a few minutes with

the front panel removed (e.g. for servicing purposes).

5.1.4 Ambient Temperature Sensor

The ambient temperature reading for the base station is provided by the

temperature sensor located on the front panel circuit board.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 65

5.1.5 Cabinet and Rack Ventilation

The cooling airflow for the base station enters through the front panel and

exits at the rear of the subrack. For optimum thermal performance, the

heated air that has passed through a base station must not be allowed to re-

enter the air intakes on the front panel. Any space at the front of the cabinet

not occupied by equipment should be covered by a blanking panel. Refer

to Figure 5.1 on page 66.

To allow enough cooling airflow through a cabinet-mounted base station,

we recommend the following:

■an area of at least 23 in2 (150 cm2) of unrestricted ventilation slots or holes

in front of the air intakes for the fans for each subrack; for example, thirty

0.25 x 3.3 in (6 x 85 mm) slots will allow the recommended airflow

■a vent in the top of the cabinet with an area of approximately 23 in2

(150 cm2) per subrack, or a similar area of ventilation per subrack at the

rear of the cabinet behind each subrack

■a 2 U gap at the top of the cabinet.

Note The ventilation opening must be unrestricted. If the slots or holes

are covered with a filter, mesh or grille, the open area must be

increased to allow the same airflow as an unrestricted opening.

The maximum ambient temperature entering the cabinet must not exceed

+ 140°F (+ 60°C).

If you are installing multiple subracks in a cabinet, ensure that there will be

enough cooling airflow through the cabinet after the equipment has been

installed. For example, the recommended maximum number of subracks in

a 38 U cabinet is five, as shown in Figure 5.1 on page 66.

If the base station is installed in a rack or cabinet with other equipment with

different ventilation requirements, we recommend that the base station be

positioned below this equipment.

Auxiliary Extractor

Fans The base station does not require auxiliary extractor fans mounted in the top

of the cabinet. If your cabinet is already fitted with fans, the following

procedures apply:

■if there are six or more 4.75 in (12 cm) fans, each capable of extracting

94.2 ft3 per minute (160 m3 per hour), they must run continuously

■if there are fewer than six fans, you must remove them and ensure the

vent in the top of the cabinet has an area of approximately 23 in2

(150 cm2) per subrack.

If you have any other configuration, the performance of your system will

depend on how closely you comply with the base station airflow

requirements described above.

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66 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 5.1 Typical cabinet ventilation requirements

bventilation slots dairflow entry

cblanking panels eairflow exit path

8 in

(20 cm)

2 U

≥ 7 in

(≥17.5cm)

side view front view

top view

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 67

5.2 Unpacking and Moving the Subrack

The subrack is packed in a strong corrugated cardboard carton with top and

bottom foam cushions. To prevent personal injury and damage to the

equipment, we recommend that two people unpack and move the subrack.

To remove the subrack from the carton, follow the procedure illustrated in

Figure 5.2.

Caution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to

55 lb (25 kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with

packaging. We recommend that you have another

person help you unpack and move the subrack. The

TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to

move the subrack once it has been unpacked. If nec-

essary, remove the modules from the subrack before

moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on

page 93). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.

1. Cut the tape securing the flaps at the top of the carton and fold them

flat against the sides b.

2. Rotate the carton carefully onto its side c and then onto its top d,

ensuring that none of the flaps is trapped underneath.

Figure 5.2 Unpacking the subrack

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68 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

3. Slide the carton upwards over the foam cushions and lift it away e.

Remove the cushion from the bottom of the subrack f.

4. Rotate the subrack and cushion carefully over the rear of the subrack

g so that it is the right way up with the cushion on top h. Remove

the cushion from the top of the subrack i.

Disposal of

Packaging If you do not need to keep the packaging, we recommend that you recycle

it according to your local recycling methods. The foam cushions are CFC-

and HCFC-free and may be burnt in a suitable waste-to-energy combustion

facility, or compacted in landfill.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 69

5.3 Identifying the Equipment

You can identify the model and hardware configuration of the TB9400

modules by referring to the product code printed on labels at the rear of

each module. The meaning of each character in the product code is

explained in the tables below.

Note This explanation of product codes is not intended to suggest that

any combination of features is necessarily available in any one

product. Consult your regional Tait office for more information

regarding the availability of specific models and options.

Reciter Product

Codes

PA Product Codes

Product Code Description

T01-01103-XXXX Frequency Band and Sub-band

N = 762MHz to 870MHza (K4)

a. The actual frequency coverage in this band is:

Transmit: 762MHz to 776MHz and 850MHz to 870MHz

Receive: 792MHz to 824MHz

T01-01103-XXXX A = standard

T01-01103-XXXX A = default

T01-01103-XXXXA = default

Product Code Description

T01-01121-XXXX Frequency Band and Sub-band

N = 762MHz to 870MHza (K4)

a. The actual frequency coverage in this band when used with a K-band TB9400 reciter

is 762MHz to 776MHz and 850MHZ to 870MHz.

T01-01121-XXXX A = 50 W

B = 100 W

T01-01121-XXXX A = default

T01-01121-XXXXA = default

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70 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

PMU Product Codes Product Code Description

TBAXXXX-XXXX 3 = PMU

TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = default

TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = AC module not fitted

A = AC module fitted

TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = DC module not fitted

1 = 12V DC module fitted

2 = 24V DC module fitted

4 = 48V DC module fitted

TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = standby power supply card not fitted

1 = 12VDC standby power supply card fitted

2 = 24VDC standby power supply card fitted

4 = 48VDC standby power supply card fitted

TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = auxiliary power supply board not fitted

1 = 12VDC auxiliary power supply board fitted

2 = 24VDC auxiliary power supply board fitted

4 = 48VDC auxiliary power supply board fitted

TBA3XXX-XXXX 0 = default

TBA3XXX-XXXX0 = default

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 71

5.4 Initial Setting Up

Before putting the base station into service, you may want to car ry out some

basic functional testing, configuration, and tuning (if required). This section

provides an overview of these procedures:

■checking that the base station powers up correctly

■checking the basic functionality of the base station by using the tests

available in the web interface

■customizing the configuration for the intended installation and verifying

that the configuration is correct

■changing the root password (if needed - TBD)

■tuning the base station (if required).

5.4.1 Confirming Operation

Important Make sure that the RF output is connected to a suitable

attenuator or dummy load. Do not remove the load while

the PA is transmitting as this may damage the PA output

stage.

Applying Power 1. Apply power by turning on the PMU.

2. Check that the base station powers up correctly:

■The front panel display will show “Please wait” while the base

station starts up (this may take up to two minutes). When the

startup process is complete, the display will show the idle screen.

■The cooling fans in the front panel will run at full speed for a few

seconds, then run at low speed while the base station starts up, and

then assume standard operation. One or more fans may operate,

depending on the temperature of the modules.

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72 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Functional Tests The following table provides an overview of the tests available using the web

interface. Refer to the Help for full details of these tests.

Tes t Notes Me nu

receiver operation requires a suitable RF source Diagnose > RF Interface > Receiver

transmitter operation requires connection to the network Diagnose > RF Interface > Transmitter

synchronized transmit checks the simulcast operation of a

channel group or the transmitters

in it

Diagnose > RF Interface > Synchronized

Transmit

ping checks the IP connection to

another device with an IP address

Diagnose > Connection > Network

NTP query checks if the NTP-based time

synchronization is working

PMU mains failure requires a DC backup supply Diagnose > Subsystems > PMU Control Tests

fan operation checks the operation of each fan

individually

Diagnose > Subsystems > Fan Tests

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 73

5.4.2 Customizing the Configuration

The following steps provide an overview of the process used to configure

the base station with the settings it needs. Refer to the Help for detailed

information.

1. Log in to the base station (refer to “Connecting Your PC to the Base

Station” on page 46 for more details).

2. Select Configure. The base station has many different settings that can

be configured before it is put into operation, such as:

■channel configurations

■alarm control and SNMP agent

■network interfaces

■channel groups and quality of service

■channel and signaling profiles

■CWID

■miscellaneous items such as minimum battery voltages, fan

control, NTP and package servers.

3. Make the changes needed in each form and click Save.

Note We recommend that you save the configuration to your PC or

network. First make a backup copy of the configuration (which is

stored in the base station as a file), then save this file to a folder on

your PC or network. This provides a backup which can be

restored to the base station if the configuration information

becomes lost or corrupted.

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74 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

5.4.3 Changing the Root Password

The root password to the Linux operating system of the reciter is a possible

security risk. The equipment is delivered with a default password that is well

known. Knowledge of the password could be used to render the equipment

inoperable, for example by deleting files. If you are concerned about the

security risk that this poses, change the password. If Tait provides support

services, it may need to know the password.

Important If you change the password and then lose it, the equipment

must be returned to Tait. Make sure that you store the pass-

word securely and do not lose it.

To change the root password, follow these steps.

1. TBD

5.4.4 Tuning the Reciter

The K-band reciter does not require tuning.

?Procedure still to be

decided. May be tied in

with Admin password.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 75

5.5 Installing the Base Station on Site

5.5.1 Base Stations for Trunked Systems

When installing base stations that are part of a trunked system, it is very

important to observe good site engineering rules. This is especially true

when the channels are combined into a single antenna, particularly if the

receivers and transmitters also share the antenna, as in a duplexed system.

If at all possible, the RF planner should avoid frequency plans in which the

Rx to Tx spacing is an exact multiple of the trunked channel spacing, thus

forcing Tx intermodulation products to fall outside the Rx channels.

Cables and antennas should be of high quality construction. Solid shield

heliax type cables are best, but if braided shield cables must be used for short

distances, their braids must be silver-plated.

When the outputs of more than one transmitter are combined, their voltages

add, and the resulting peak envelope power is not simply the sum of their

powers, but is equal to the power of one of them multiplied by the square

of the number of sources. Cables, components, and hardware must be rated

to withstand the peak envelope power.

During the commissioning process, all transmitters should be activated together

using a diagnostic test tone, while the receiver RSSI is monitored. There

should be no perceptible increase in RSSI while the transmitters are active.

5.5.2 Equipment Required

It is beyond the scope of this manual to list every piece of equipment that

an installation technician should carry. However, the following tools are

specifically required for installing the base station:

■Pozidriv PZ3 screwdriver for the M6 screws used in the DC input

terminals on the PMU; M6 (0.25 in) screws are also used to secure the

subrack to the cabinet in factory-assembled systems

■Pozidriv PZ2 screwdriver for the M4 screws used to secure the module

retaining clamps, and for the fasteners used to secure the front panel to

the subrack

■8 mm AF spanner for the SMA connectors, and the subrack ground

connector.

You can also obtain the TBA0ST2 tool kit from your regional Tait office. It

contains the basic tools needed to install, tune, and service the base station.

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76 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

5.5.3 Mounting the Subrack

Caution A subrack complete with modules can weigh up to

55 lb (25 kg), or up to 62 lb (28 kg) complete with

packaging. We recommend that you have another

person help you unpack and move the subrack. The

TBAA03-16 carrying handles will make it easier to

move the subrack once it has been unpacked. If nec-

essary, remove the modules from the subrack before

moving it (refer to “Replacing Modules” on

page 93). In all cases follow safe lifting practices.

1. Remove the front panel, as described in “Preliminary Disassembly”

on page 95.

2. Fit the subrack into the cabinet or rack and secure it firmly with an

M6 (0.25 in) screw, flat and spring washer in each of the four main

mounting holes b, as shown in Figure 5.3.

Figure 5.3 Subrack mounting points

bmain mounting holes - front cauxiliary mounting holes - rear

front view

rear view

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 77

Note If you need extra mounting security, additional mounting holes c

are provided at the rear of the subrack for auxiliary support brack-

ets.

Figure 5.4 below gives the dimensions of the subrack and its mounting

holes.

Figure 5.4 Subrack dimensions

5.25 in

(133.4 mm)

4 in

(101.6 mm)

6.96 in

(176.8 mm)

14.8 in

(375.5 mm)

19 in (482.6 mm)

17 in (432 mm)

18.3 in (465.1 mm)

0.26 in

(6.6 mm)

0.42 in

(10.6 mm)

14.7 in (373.5 mm)

14.37 in (365 mm)

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78 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Auxiliary Support

Bracket TBAA03-13 auxiliary support brackets can be fitted to the rear of the

subrack to provide additional mounting security. Figure 5.5 shows a standard

TBAA03-13 bracket b fitted in a typical Tait cabinet c. If you are not using

the Tait cabinet, you may have to make your own brackets to suit your

installation.

Important Yo u must fit the auxiliary support brackets if you intend to

transport a cabinet fitted with a fully built-up base station.

We also recommend that you fit the brackets under the following

conditions:

■when the installation is in an area prone to earthquakes

■when third party equipment is installed hard up underneath the base

station subrack.

General Cabling We recommend that you try to route all cables to and from the base station

along the side of the cabinet so the cooling airflow is not restricted.

Figure 5.5 Auxiliary support bracket

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 79

DC Power Cabling DC power cables should be well supported so that the terminals on the

PMU and on the ends of the cables do not have to support the full weight

of the cables.

Figure 5.6 shows two recommended methods of securing these cables to

prevent straining either set of terminals.

We recommend that you fit the supplied covers to the DC terminals to

protect against accidental shorts.

Figure 5.6 DC power cabling

secure the cables to the

cabinet to support their

weight

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80 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

5.6 Connecting Up the Base Station

This section provides information relevant to the task of connecting up the

various inputs and outputs of the base station.

5.6.1 Connection Overview

The connections at the rear of a dual 50 W base station are identified in

Figure 5.7. External connections are all located at the rear of the subrack.

Figure 5.7 50 W base station inputs and outputs

bserial RS-232 connectorah+ VDC input

c1 PPS input iauxiliary DC output

dexternal reference frequency input jAC mains input

eRF input 1) Ethernet interface connector

fRF output 1! subrack ground connector

g– VDC input 1@ system interface connector

a. Factory use only.

PA 1Reciter 1 PMU

bcdefgh

ij1)1!

PA 2Reciter 2

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 81

5.6.2 Connecting AC Power

The PMU is designed to accept a mains input of 88 to 264 VAC at 45 to

65 Hz. A standard 3-wire grounded socket outlet must be used to supply the

AC power. The socket outlet must be installed near the equipment and must

be easily accessible. This outlet should be connected to an AC power supply

capable of providing at least 600 W. The requirements of two typical AC

supplies are given in the following table.

Yo u r base station should come supplied with

a power supply cord to connect the male

IEC connector on the PMU to the local AC

supply. The pins of the IEC connector on

the PMU are identified at right.

Nominal Supply Current Requirementa

a. The actual current consumption of the base station will be lower than these require-

ments (refer to the Specifications Manual for more information).

Circuit Breaker/Fuse

Ratinga

115 VAC 8 A 10 A

230 VAC 4 A 6 A

ground

rear view

neutral

phase

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82 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

5.6.3 Connecting DC Power

The PMU is designed to accept a nominal 12 VDC, 24 VDC or 48 VDC

input (depending on the model) with negative or positive ground. There is

a minimum DC startup threshold to prevent damaging a battery which has

little capacity left.

You must connect the DC supply from the battery to the PMU via a fuse or

DC-rated circuit breaker with a contact separation of 3 mm, and with the

appropriate rating, as shown in the table below. The DC input leads should

be of a suitable gauge to ensure less than 0.2 V drop at maximum load over

the required length of lead.

Terminate and insulate the DC input leads to protect them from accidentally

shorting to the subrack if the PMU is removed before the leads are

disconnected. Protective covers for the DC terminals are supplied with each

PMU.

We recommend a screw torque of 18 – 20 lbf · in (2 – 2.25 N · m).

Nominal Supply

Voltage

Input Voltage

Range

Circuit Breaker/

Fuse Ratinga

a. The actual current consumption of the base station will be lower than these require-

ments (refer to the Specifications Manual for more information).

Recommended

Wire Gaugeb

b. For a length of 5 ft to 6.5 ft (1.5 m to 2 m) (typical).

12 VDC 10 VDC to 16.8 VDC 60 A 2 AWG / 35 mm2

24 VDC 20 VDC to 33.6 VDC 30 A 5 AWG / 16 mm2

48 VDC 40 VDC to 60 VDC 15 A 8 AWG / 8 mm2

Figure 5.8 Recommended DC power connection

Battery

Circuit Breaker

or Fuse

PMU

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 83

5.6.4 Connecting the Auxiliary DC Power Output

The PMU can provide an auxiliary DC output when it is fitted with the

auxiliary power supply board. This board is available with an output of

13.65 VDC, 27.3 VDC, or 54.6 VDC (depending on the model), and is

current limited to 3 A, 1.5 A or 750 mA respectively. This power supply is

permanently on as soon as the base station has finished powering up, and is

available on the auxiliary output connector on the rear panel.

You can connect multiple auxiliary power supply boards in parallel for

redundancy purposes, or to provide an output greater than 40 W. Although

no active current sharing is used, auxiliary boards connected in parallel will

current-share before reaching their power limit. The failure (or switching

off) of one auxiliary board will not load any other paralleled auxiliary boards

in the circuit.

Auxiliary DC Power

Output Cabling Network elements are supplied with a connector, as shown in Figure 5.9.

You can use this to connect the PMU’s auxiliary DC power output to

another device.

Contact your regional Ta i t office for details on the full range of wiring kits

available.

Figure 5.9 Auxiliary DC power connector

Phoenix MVSTBR2.5HC/2-ST/5.08 female

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84 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

5.6.5 Connecting RF

Important Do not remove the load from the PA while it is transmitting

as this may damage the PA output stage.

The RF input to the base station is via the marked BNC connector on the

rear panel of the reciter. The RF output is via the N-type connector on the

rear panel of the PA (refer to Figure 5.7 on page 80).

Cables and antennas should be of high quality construction. Solid shield

heliax type cables are best, but if braided shield cables must be used for short

distances, their braids must be silver-plated.

Recommendations

for Installing the PA We recommend the following installation procedures, which should protect

the PA from damage under all but the most extreme operating conditions.

1. Do not connect the PA directly to the antenna. Fit an isolator or

duplexer between the PA and the load. Fit the isolator as close as pos-

sible to the RF output connector on the PA. Do not connect any

switching equipment between the isolator and the PA, unless the

switch cannot operate while there is RF present (i.e. the base station

is transmitting).

2. Fit a surge suppressor to the antenna cabling where it enters the

building.

3. Inspect all cables and equipment connected to the base station for

defects.

Ice on the antenna, or a broken antenna, is unlikely to cause damage to the

PA.

Explanation The circuit design of the PA protects the circuitry from high VSWR. This

makes it difficult to damage the RF power device by keying the PA into a

mismatched load, or if the load deteriorates over even a short period of time

(milliseconds).

However, it is possible to damage the device if all the following conditions

happen at the same time:

■there is a step change in the PA load (for example, the load is removed)

■the PA is transmitting

■the feed line loss between the PA and the mismatch is < 1 dB.

The effect of such conditions is variable: some devices will not be destroyed,

and some may fail after repeated load interruptions.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 85

5.6.6 Connecting an External Frequency Reference

For K4 Band, the internal frequency reference accuracy is inadequate, and

an external reference (for example, the Tait T801-4) must be used. An

external reference is also required for simulcast. The external reference

frequency can be 10 MHz or 12.8 MHz, with an input level of 300 mVpp to

5 V pp. The stability of this reference should be better than 50 parts per billion

(for non-simulcast) or ≤ 1 part per billion (for simulcast). The reciter

automatically detects the frequency of the external reference and configures

itself accordingly.

If an external reference is required, enable the external reference “Absent”

alarm (Configure > Alarms > Control).

Use a 50 Ω coaxial cable (RG58 or RG223) to connect the external

reference to the base station’s external reference frequency input. You can

daisy-chain up to eight base stations using T-junctions. The maximum

overall cable length is 30 m. Terminate the last connection with a 50 Ω load.

Figure 5.10 Daisy-chaining an external frequency reference input

50 Ω termination

maximum of eight base

station loads on one

frequency reference output

maximum overall cable

length is 30 m

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86 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

5.6.7 Connecting a 1 PPS Source

A 1 PPS signal is required for simulcast base stations. This and the external

frequency reference can be provided, for example, by a Tait T801-4

Frequency Reference. For more information, see the T801-4 Installation

and Operation Manual (MBA-00033-xx).

Use a 50 Ω coaxial cable (RG58 or RG223) to connect the source to the

base station’s 1 PPS input. You can daisy-chain up to six base stations using

T-junctions. We recommend that the cable length between the first and last

load is kept to a minimum. This will reduce any propagation variation

between base stations. The maximum overall cable length is 30 m. Terminate

the last connection with a 50 Ω resistor, otherwise reflections of the 1 PPS

pulse may occur.

5.6.8 Ethernet Connection

The RJ-45 socket on the reciter’s rear panel provides the 10BASE-T or

100BASE-T Ethernet connection to the other devices in the network. Use

Cat-5 cable to connect this socket to the TaitNet P25 Network via a router

or switch.

If necessary, refer to “Ethernet Connector” on page 109 for a list of Ethernet

connection pin allocations.

Figure 5.11 Daisy-chaining a 1 PPS input

The longest length of cable must be between

the source and the first base station

use short lengths of cable

between each base station

maximum of six base station

loads on one 1 PPS output

50 Ω termination

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Installation 87

5.6.9 Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs

The base station has a number of general purpose inputs and outputs. These

are connected via the 25-way D-range on the rear panel.

The pin allocations for the D-range connector are given in the following

table. Not all pins are used in this release of the base station.

Pin Signal Name Signal Type Notes

not used

11 digital in 1 input 5 V TTL logic

active low

12 digital in 2

13 + 5.2 VDC output power output maximum current 200 mA

14 digital in 3

input 5 V TTL logic

active low

15 digital in 4

16 digital in 5

17 digital in 6

18 digital in 7

19 digital in 8

20 digital in 9

21 digital in 10

22 digital in 11

23 digital in 11

24 not used

25 ground ground

external view

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88 Installation TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Maintenance 89

6 Maintenance

The base station is designed to be very reliable and should require little

maintenance. However, performing regular checks will prolong the life of

the equipment and prevent problems from happening.

It is beyond the scope of this manual to list every check that you should

perform on your base station. The type and frequency of maintenance

checks will depend on the location and type of your system. The checks and

procedures listed below can be used as a starting point for your maintenance

schedule.

Performance Checks We suggest you monitor the following operational parameters using the web

interface:

■VSWR

■DC input voltage, especially on transmit

■receiver sensitivity

■any temperature alarms.

These basic checks will provide an overview of how well your base station

is operating.

Reciter If an external frequency reference is not used, check UHF reciters for

frequency drift after 3 months’ service and annually thereafter. If the drift is

> 0.5 ppm, adjust the carrier frequency offset. For details, see the Help.

PA There are no special maintenance requirements for the PA.

PMU There are no special maintenance requirements for the PMU. However, we

suggest that you periodically check that the screws on the DC input

terminals are tight. They may work loose with thermal cycling. Also, if you

are using battery back-up, you should check the batteries regularly in

accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Ventilation The base station has been designed to have a front-to-back cooling airflow.

We strongly recommend that you periodically check and maintain the

ventilation requirements described in “Equipment Ventilation” on page 64

to ensure a long life and trouble-free operation for your base station.

Cooling Fans The cooling fans have a long service life and have no special maintenance

requirements. You can use the web interface to configure the base station to

generate an alarm if any of the front panel cooling fans fails. Refer to the

Help for more details.

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90 Maintenance TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Troubleshooting 91

7 Troubleshooting

Check that all front and rear connectors and cables are in place, and that

power switches are on. If problems persist, contact your regional Ta it office.

Symptom Possible Cause Action

Alarm LED red and steady

(not flashing)

The base station is in

Offline mode

Use the web interface to put the base station in

Online mode

Desired feature is not

operating

Feature license missing Check that you have the necessary feature licenses

(refer to “Licenses” on page 18 and the Help)

Feature license present but

feature is not enabled

Use the web interface to enable the feature.

Tx stuck on Tx and Rx frequencies are

the same

Reconfigure Tx and Rx with different frequencies

Power LED on front panel

is on, but keypad does not

work

Keypad is disabled Check that the keypad is enabled in the web

interface (Configure > Base Station >

Miscellaneous)

No power or LEDs on front

panel

System control bus not

connected to front panel

Check cable connections

Pins bent on 15-pin

D-range plug on front

panel

Replace or repair D-range plug

The base station appears to

make random

transmissions

CWID feature enabled No action: CWID transmissions are made according

to configuration settings

PA has low power Channel is configured to

low power

Use the web interface to check the power settings

PA may have suffered

partial damage

Replace module and send faulty module for

servicing

Test tones can’t be heard IMBE does not pass on

tones higher than 400 Hz

Ensure test tones are less than 400 Hz

Lost or forgotten base

station IP address

Procedure TBD

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92 Troubleshooting TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 93

8 Replacing Modules

Caution The 100 W PA and PMU weigh between 9.3 lb

(4.2 kg) and 15.4 lb (7 kg) each. Take care when hand-

ling these modules to avoid personal injury.

Important The cooling fans are mounted on the front panel and will

only operate when the panel is fitted correctly to the front

of the subrack. To ensure adequate airflow through the base

station, do not operate it for more than a few minutes with

the front panel removed (e.g. for servicing purposes). Both

the PMU and PA modules have built-in protection mech-

anisms to prevent damage from overheating.

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94 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

8.1 Saving the Base Station’s Configuration

Before replacing a module in the base station, you should decide whether

you need to save its configuration data. If you are unsure whether you have

a record of the configuration, backup and save the configuration file before

removing any modules. Once you have replaced the module, you will be

able to restore the original configuration to the base station.

If one or more of the modules is faulty, you may be unable to save the

configuration. In this case, you will have to restore the configuration from a

back-up file. Refer to the Help for more information.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 95

8.2 Preliminary Disassembly

Hot-pluggable

Modules The reciter, PA and front panel are hot-pluggable and can be removed

without powering down the whole base station. These modules can also be

removed without disrupting the system control bus communications with

the other modules in the subrack.

Important Before removing a PA, first disconnect the DC input, trans-

mit forward input and transmit reverse output, followed by

the RF output. After refitting the PA, reconnect the RF

output first, followed by the transmit forward input, trans-

mit reverse output, and then the DC input.

Disconnecting the

Power If you want to disconnect the power before working on the base station,

follow these steps.

Caution Before disconnecting the battery supply leads from

the PMU, open the circuit breaker or disconnect the

supply leads from the battery.

1. Turn off the AC b and DC c switches at the rear of the PMU.

2. Also at the rear of the PMU disconnect the mains d and battery e

supply leads, and the auxiliary DC supply lead f (if fitted).

bcdef

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96 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Remove the Front

Panel 1. Using a Pozidriv PZ2 screwdriver, undo the fastener at each end of

the front panel b with a quarter turn counterclockwise.

2. Place a finger in the recess c provided at each end of the front panel

and pull the front panel away from the subrack.

Cable Retaining

Clips The cable retaining clips are used to hold cables in position at the top of the

subrack so that they do not interfere with the mounting of the front panel,

or interrupt the airflow through the base station.

If you need to remove any front panel cables, simply pull the front of the

cable retaining clip down and then slide it out from the subrack until it

reaches the end of its travel.

lockedunlocked

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 97

8.3 Replacing a Reciter

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-

liminary Disassembly” on page 95.

2. At the rear of the reciter, unplug the RF input cable b, any system

cables c, and the external reference d and 1 PPS e cables (if fitted).

3. At the front of the reciter, unplug the transmit reverse f and transmit

forward g cables, and move both cables to one side. Unplug both

ends of the system control bus cable h and remove it.

4. Loosen the screw securing the retaining clamp i and rotate the

clamp through 90° to clear the module.

5. Slide the reciter out of the subrack, taking care not to damage any of

the cables.

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98 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Refitting 1. Slide the replacement reciter into the subrack and secure it with the

retaining clamp.

2. Reconnect all the front and rear panel cables previously disconnected.

Ensure the front panel cables are positioned correctly, and retained

where required by the cable retaining clips in the top of the subrack

(refer to “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111).

3. Tighten the nut on the SMA connector to a torque of 8 lbf ·in

(0.9 N·m).

4. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 107.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 99

8.4 Replacing a Power Amplifier

Important Before removing a PA, first disconnect the DC input, trans-

mit forward input and transmit reverse output, followed by

the RF output. After refitting the PA, reconnect the RF

output first, followed by the transmit forward input, trans-

mit reverse output, and then the DC input.

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-

liminary Disassembly” on page 95.

2. At the front of the PA, unplug the DC input b, transmit forward c

and transmit reverse d cables, and move the cables to one side.

Unplug both ends of the system control bus cable e and remove it.

3. At the rear of the PA, unplug the RF output cable.

4. Loosen the screw securing the retaining clamp(s) f and rotate the

clamp(s) through 90° to clear the module.

5. Slide the PA out of the subrack, taking care not to damage any of the

cables.

Refitting 1. Slide the replacement PA into the subrack and secure it with the

retaining clamp(s).

2. At the rear of the PA, connect the RF output cable.

3. At the front of the PA, connect the transmit forward and transmit

reverse cables, followed by the DC input cable.

4. Reconnect all the other front and rear panel cables previously

disconnected. Ensure the front panel cables are positioned correctly,

and retained where required by the cable retaining clips in the top of

be d cff

50 W PA 100 W PA

DRAFT 4

100 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

the subrack (refer to “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on

page 111).

5. Tighten the nut on the SMA connector to a torque of 8 lbf ·in

(0.9 N·m).

6. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 107.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 101

8.5 Replacing a Power Management Unit

Important You must disconnect the AC and DC power cables before

removing the PMU from the subrack.

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-

liminary Disassembly” on page 95.

2. At the front of the PMU, unplug and remove the output power

cable b to the subrack interconnect board. Also unplug and remove

the system control bus cable c.

3. Unplug the output power cable to the PA d and move it to one side.

4. Loosen the screws securing the retaining clamps e and rotate the

clamps through 90° to clear the module.

5. Slide the PMU out of the subrack, taking care not to damage any of

the cables.

Refitting 1. Slide the replacement PMU into the subrack and secure it with the

retaining clamps.

2. Reconnect all the front and rear panel cables previously disconnected.

Connect the DC power cables on the rear panel as shown in

Figure 5.6 on page 79. Tighten the screws to a torque of 18 – 20 lbf · in

(2 – 2.25 N · m). Ensure the front panel cables are positioned correctly,

and retained where required by the cable retaining clips in the top of

the subrack (refer to “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on

page 111).

3. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 107.

(obscured)

50 W base station 100 W base station

ee e

(obscured)

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102 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

8.6 Replacing the Front Panel Fans

The following instructions refer to Figure 8.1 on page 104.

Important You must replace each fan duct assembly in its original loca-

tion in the front panel. Each module, or pair of modules,

requires a specific type of fan duct to ensure the cooling air

flow passes directly through the modules’ heatsinks.

If a cooling fan has failed and you are fitting a replacement front panel, you

must also fit the correct type of front panel for that base station. Each type

of base station has a different combination of modules, and must use a front

panel fitted with fan ducts that match those modules.

The front panel for a 100 W base station has different fan ducts from the

front panel for a 50 W base station, as shown in Figure 8.1. In a 50 W base

station, the fan duct for reciter and PA 1 is slightly different from the duct

for reciter and PA 2. Each duct is designed to fit only in its correct position.

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-

liminary Disassembly” on page 95.

2. Reciter and 50 W PA Fan

a. Unplug the fan from the front panel board ( b or c ).

b. Remove the four screws labeled d or e and remove the fan duct

assembly from the front panel.

c. Remove the fours screws holding the fan into the duct and

remove the fan.

3. 100 W PA Fan

d. Unplug the fan from the front panel board f.

e. Remove the four screws labeled g and remove the fan duct

assembly from the front panel.

f. Remove the fours screws holding the fan into the duct and

remove the fan.

4. PMU Fan

a. Remove the 100 W PA or reciter and 50 W PA 2 fan duct assembly

as described above.

b. Unplug the PMU fan from the front panel board h.

c. Remove the two screws labeled i and remove the PMU fan duct

assembly.

d. Remove the fours screws holding the fan into the duct and

remove the fan.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 103

Refitting 1. If the original fan was fitted with spacers j, refit these spacers to the

replacement fan.

2. Fit the replacement fan into the duct, routing the power wires neatly

around the body of the fan to the slot in the side of the duct, as shown

in Figure 8.1.

3. Refit the four screws securing the fan into the duct. Do not

overtighten these screws or you may distort the fan body.

4. PMU Fan

a. Refit the PMU fan duct assembly onto its mounting bosses. Note

that the two mounting tabs nearest the center fan fit over the

bosses.

b. Refit the two screws labeled i.

c. Plug the fan into the front panel board h.

d. Refit the 100 W PA or reciter and PA 2 fan duct as described

below.

5. 100 W PA Fan

a. Refit the PA fan duct assembly onto its mounting bosses. Note

that the two mounting tabs nearest the PMU fan fit over the tabs

of the PMU fan duct.

b. Refit the fours screws labeled g.

c. Plug the fan into the front panel board f.

6. Reciter and 50 W PA Fan

a. Refit the fan duct assembly onto its mounting bosses. When

refitting the duct for reciter and PA 2, note that the two mounting

tabs nearest the PMU fan fit over the tabs of the PMU fan duct.

b. Refit the fours screws labeled d or e.

c. Plug the fan into the front panel board ( b or c ).

7. Carry out the instructions in “Final Reassembly” on page 107.

Important You must connect the fans to the correct sockets on the

front panel board, as shown in Figure 8.1. If the fan con-

nections are changed, the wrong fan will be activated when

a module needs cooling. The module may then fold back

or shut down.

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104 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Figure 8.1 Replacing the front panel fans

50 W base station

100 W base station

gf hi

reciter 1/

50 W PA 1

(fan 1)

reciter 2/

50 W PA 2

(fan 2)

PMU

(fan 3)

reciter

(fan 1)

PMU

(fan 3)

100 W PA

(fan 2)

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 105

8.7 Replacing the Module Guide Rails

The module guide rails are held in place by four hooks that fit through the

slots in the top and bottom of the subrack. There is also a locking tab which

prevents the guide rails from working loose.

Note Subracks produced from late 2008 onwards have wider slots than

earlier subracks. Guide rails designed for these wider slots will not

fit older subracks with narrow slots.

Removal 1. Bottom Guide Rails

a. Insert a small flat-blade screwdriver under the front end of the

guide rail and lift it slightly b. This will ensure the small locking

tab is clear of the slot in the subrack.

b. While holding the front end of the guide rail up, pull the guide

rail towards the front of the subrack c and lift it clear of the slots.

2. Top Rails

a. Insert a small flat-blade screwdriver under the rear end of the

guide rail and lift it slightly d. This will ensure the small locking

tab is clear of the slot in the subrack.

b. While holding the rear end of the guide rail up, pull the guide rail

towards the rear of the subrack e and lift it clear of the slots.

Refitting 1. Bottom Guide Rails

a. With the locating hooks pointing towards the rear of the subrack,

insert the hooks into the slots in the subrack.

b. Push the guide rail towards the rear of the subrack until you hear

the locking tab “click” into place.

2. Top Guide Rails

a. With the locating hooks pointing towards the front of the subrack,

insert the hooks into the slots in the subrack.

b. Push the guide rail towards the front of the subrack until you hear

the locking tab “click” into place.

bottom guide rail top guide rail

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106 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

8.8 Replacing the Subrack Interconnect Board

Removal 1. If you have not already done so, carry out the instructions in “Pre-

liminary Disassembly” on page 95.

2. Disconnect any system control bus cables and DC power cables from

the subrack board.

3. Remove the three M3 nuts and spring washers b securing the right

end of the board to the subrack.

4. Remove the D-range cover c.

5. Remove the two retaining clamps d securing the left end and centre

of the board.

6. Remove the board.

Refitting 1. If previously removed, replace the insulator e.

2. Refit the board and D-range cover, and secure with the M3 nuts and

spring washers. Replace the two retaining clamps.

3. Reconnect the system control bus cables and reciter DC cables as

shown in “Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111.

Figure 8.2 Replacing the subrack interconnect board

becdx3

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Replacing Modules 107

8.9 Final Reassembly

Important You must fit the correct type of front panel to your base sta-

tion. The different types of front panel and fan ducts are

explained in “Replacing the Front Panel Fans” on

page 102.

1. Before fitting the front panel, ensure that all cables are secured and

positioned correctly so they are clear of the fan ducts (refer to

“Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections” on page 111). Other-

wise the panel may not fit properly, or you may damage the cables.

2. Refit the Front Panel

a. Ensure that the fasteners b are in the unlocked position.

b. Fit the front panel onto the locating pegs on the subrack.

c. Secure each fastener with a quarter turn clockwise.

d. Push the self-aligning D-range connector c fully in.

3. Before powering up the base station, check that all power, RF and

system cables are connected correctly and securely at the rear of the

base station.

Important When refitting modules, make sure they are fitted correctly

into the subrack and all retaining clamps are securely tight-

ened. The recommended torque for the retaining clamp

screws is 17 lbf ·in (1.9 N·m). As well as holding the modules

in place, the retaining clamps push the modules hard against

the rear rail of the subrack to ensure a good ground connec-

tion between the modules and the subrack.

lockedunlocked

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108 Replacing Modules TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations 109

Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations

System Interface Connector

For the pin allocations for the system interface D-range connector, see

“Connecting General Purpose Inputs and Outputs” on page 87.

Ethernet Connector

PMU Auxiliary DC Output

The pin allocations for the auxiliary DC output on the PMU are given in

the following table.

Pin Description

1 transmit data +

2 transmit data –

3 receive data +

4 not connected

5 not connected

6 receive data –

7 not connected

8 not connected

12345678

external view

Pin Description

1 + V output

2 ground

2-pin connector - external view

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110 Appendix A – Interface Pin Allocations TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections 111

Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections

Dual 50 W Base Station

The connections between modules at the front of a dual 50 W base station

are shown below.

DC Supply PA 1 is powered by a direct connection from the PMU. The other modules

in the subrack are powered from the PMU via the subrack interconnect

board. The DC supply to the reciters is via the system control bus ribbon

cable.

Dual 50 W base station inter-module connections

b28 VDC output for PA 1 gtransmit reverse input

cnot used hsystem control bus and 28 VDC input

dsystem control bus itransmit forward output

etransmit reverse output jtransmit forward input

f28 VDC input 1) 28 VDC output to subrack interconnect board

reciter 2PMU reciter 1PA 1PA 2

b d e f gdefg

hijhijd1)

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112 Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Single 50 W Base Station

The connections between modules at the front of a single 50 W base station

are shown below.

DC Supply The PA is powered by a direct connection from the PMU. The other

modules in the subrack are powered from the PMU via the subrack

interconnect board. The DC supply to the reciter is via the system control

bus ribbon cable.

Single 50 W base station inter-module connections

b28 VDC output for PA gtransmit reverse input

cnot used hsystem control bus and 28 VDC input

dsystem control bus itransmit forward output

etransmit reverse output jtransmit forward input

f28 VDC input 1) 28 VDC output to subrack interconnect board

PMU reciter

b defg

hijd1)

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections 113

100 W Base Station

The connections between modules at the front of a 100 W base station are

shown below.

DC Supply The PA is powered by a direct connection from the PMU. The reciter is

powered from the PMU via the subrack interconnect board and system

control bus ribbon cable.

100 W base station inter-module connections

b28 VDC output to subrack interconnect board gtransmit forward input

cnot used htransmit reverse output

dtransmit reverse input isystem control bus

esystem control bus and 28 VDC input j28 VDC input

ftransmit forward output 1) 28 VDC output for PA

PMU reciter

ijh

efgi1)

DRAFT 4

114 Appendix B – Inter-Module Connections TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 115

TaitNet P25 Glossary

This glossary contains an alphabetical list of terms and abbreviations related

to the TaitNet P25 network and the TB9400 base station.

ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter. A device for converting an analog signal to a

digital signal that represents the same information.

ANI Automatic Number Identification. A service that provides the receiver of a

call with a numerical identifier or alphanumeric label of the caller.

APCO The Association of Public Safety Communications Officials in the United

States. The APCO Project 25 standards committee defined the P25 digital

radio standard. The standard is often referred to as APCO or P25.

ARP Address Resolution Protocol is an IP protocol used to map IP network

addresses to the hardware addresses used by a data link protocol.

base station A radio receiver and transmitter that is located in a specific place (at a site)

that enables a two-way radio to communicate with a dispatcher or over a

larger range with other two-way radios. Specifically, Tait TB9400

equipment in a subrack.

battery protection

mode A PMU enters battery protection mode when it has AC power but its DC

power is below the configured power shutdown voltage. In battery

protection mode, the PMU will shut down to protect the battery if it loses

AC power.

bearer network Telecom equipment that is used to carry user data.

BER Bit Error Rate. A measure of the quality of digital transmission, expressed as

a percentage. The BER indicates the proportion of errors to correctly

received digits in a received signal.

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116 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

C4FM Compatible Four-level Frequency Modulation. A modulation scheme

defined in the P25 CAI standard for 12.5 kHz bandwidth.

CAI Common Air Interface. The over-the-air data formats and protocols defined

by the APCO P25 committee.

call A complete exchange of information between two or more parties. A call

requires a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. In conventional

systems, a call is an over, but in trunked systems, a call may be a conversation,

made up of a number of overs.

Cartesian Loop The reciter’s RF output is fed to the PA through the transmit forward path.

A coupled signal from the PA’s RF output is fed back to the reciter through

the transmit reverse path. The reciter uses this feedback through a Cartesian

Loop to linearize the RF amplification system. Linearization is required to

accurately transmit complex waveforms which vary in frequency and

amplitude, such as those used in P25 Phase 2.

central voting Voting that is centralized at one member of the channel group.

channel 1. A path through which signals can flow.

2. In the RF domain, a frequency pair (or just a single frequency in a simplex

system).

3. A set of configuration information that defines the frequency pair and

other related settings (a channel configuration). “Channel” has this meaning

in the web interface.

channel group A single logical channel consisting of a set of base stations. The members of

a channel group are linked by an IP network and share a common multicast

IP address.

channel profile A named group of configuration settings that help to define the properties

of a channel. Each channel in the channel table must have a channel profile

assigned to it.

channel spacing The bandwidth that a channel nominally occupies. If a base station has a

channel spacing of 12.5 kHz, there must be a separation of at least 12.5 kHz

between its operating frequencies and those of any other equipment.

channel table The base station’s database of channel configurations.

CODEC A device which combines analog-to-digital conversion (coding) and digital-

to-analog conversion (decoding).

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 117

community

repeater Repeater that is shared by several user groups.

configuration file Consists of all the configuration settings needed for a base station, stored as

a file.

conventional

network Systems that do not have centralized management of channel access. System

operation is entirely controlled by system end users.

CWID Continuous Wave Identification is a method of automatically identifying the

base station using a Morse code. Continuous wave means transmission of a

signal with a single frequency that is either on or off, as opposed to a

modulated carrier.

DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter. A device for converting a digital signal to an

analog signal that represents the same information.

DDC Digital Down Converter. A device which converts the digitized IF signal of

the receiver down to a lower frequency (complex baseband) to suit the DSP.

dispatcher A person who gives official instructions by radio to one or more SU users.

distributed voting Voting for the best RF signal that is carried out separately by each channel

group member using the same voting algorithm.

dotted quad A method for writing IPv4 addresses. The form is DDD.DDD.DDD.DDD

where DDD is an 8-bit decimal number.

downlink The transmission path from fixed equipment to SUs.

DSP Digital Signal Processor.

duplex Providing transmission and reception in both directions simultaneously.

duty cycle Used in relation to the PA, it is the proportion of time (expressed as a

percentage) during which the PA is transmitting.

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118 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

EIA Electronic Industries Alliance. Accredited by the American National

Standards Institute (ANSI) and responsible for developing

telecommunications and electronics standards in the USA.

EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility. The ability of equipment to operate in its

electromagnetic environment without creating interference with other

devices.

ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute. The non-profit

organization responsible for producing European telecommunications

standards.

failsoft mode An optional operational mode of TaitNet P25 trunked networks. It comes

into effect when the channel group loses all connection to the trunking site

controller.

FCC Federal Communications Commission. The FCC is an independent United

States government agency that regulates interstate and international radio

communications.

feature code The alphanumeric code used to identify a feature set.

feature set A function or mode of operation of the base station which can be enabled

or disabled using the web interface. Each feature set requires a license to be

purchased from Ta it before it can be enabled.

feature license key The unique set of digits belonging to a license which is programmed into

the base station to enable a feature set.

fill-in receiver An additional receiver placed within the coverage area of a base station to

receive SU transmissions that are too weak to be received by that base

station.

FLASH Electrically block-erasable and programmable read-only memory.

FM Frequency Modulation. Often used as an adjective to denote analog radio

transmission.

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TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 119

frequency band The range of frequencies that the equipment is capable of operating on.

front panel The cover over the front of the base station containing the indicator LEDs,

four-line LCD display, user controls and cooling fans.

gating The process of opening and closing the receiver gate. When a valid signal is

received, the receiver gate opens, letting the signal through.

group call A call that is sent to more than one SU simultaneously.

heartbeat message A message whose purpose is to indicate to the receiver that the sender is

operational.

hiccup mode Many power supplies switch off in the event of a short-circuit and try to start

again after a short time (usually after a few seconds). This “hiccup”-type of

switching off and on is repeated until the problem is eliminated.

holdover mode A simulcast base station can enter holdover mode when it loses its 1 PPS

pulse. Holdover mode temporarily maintains synchronization by phase-

locking the transmit clock to the external frequency reference.

hostname The unique name by which a network element is known on the network.

hub A unit for connecting hosts together. It sends all incoming Ethernet packets

to all the other hosts.

hysteresis The difference between the upper and lower trigger points. For example,

the receiver unmutes when the upper trigger point is reached, but will mute

again until the level falls to the lower trigger point. An adequate hysteresis

prevents the receiver gate from repeatedly muting and unmuting when the

level varies around the trigger point.

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120 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

I2CA bi-directional two-wire serial bus which is used to connect integrated

circuits (ICs). I2C is a multi-master bus, which means that multiple chips can

be connected to the same bus, and each one can act as a master by initiating

a data transfer. Used in the TB9400 for communications between reciter 1

and the PMU.

IMBE Improved Multiband Excitation. A voice compression technology patented

by Digital Voice Systems, Inc and used in the vocoders of P25 radios.

impairment A measure of signal quality used in channel group voting. Impairment is

inversely related to signal quality. The lowest impairment (0) indicates the

highest signal quality. The highest impairment (15) indicates the worst signal

quality.

inbound Describes the direction of a signal: from an SU over the air interface to the

fixed station.

inhibit A control command that can be sent across the CAI to inhibit an SU. An

inhibited SU appears to the user as if it is powered off.

IP Internet Protocol is a protocol for sending data packets between hosts.

isolator A passive two-port device which transmits power in one direction, and

absorbs power in the other direction. It is used in a PA to prevent damage

to the RF circuitry from high reverse power.

kernel The core executable of an operating system.

LAN Local Area Network. A computer network that interconnects computers in

a limited area, such as a single building or group of buildings.

LDU Link Data Unit. Voice calls are sent over the CAI as a series of LDUs.

LED Light Emitting Diode. Also the screen representation of a physical LED.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 121

license Some operational functions of the base station are controlled by licenses.

Purchasing a license from Ta i t allows you to enable the feature set which

includes the required functionality.

LSM Linear Simulcast Modulation is a proprietary modulation scheme designed

to give optimal performance in simulcast systems, compared to that

obtainable using C4FM.

marshalling

duration The length of time that the voice stream needs to travel from the central

voter to the furthest channel group member. The fixed marshalling duration

parameter includes the time needed to fill the transmit buffer to the required

level.

master The channel group master is the member with the control connection to

the trunking site controller.

multicast group The group of hosts associated with a specific IP multicast address.

multicast IP address An IP address that refers to a group of hosts rather than a single host. These

hosts will all accept packets with this IP address.

mute Prevents audio from being passed to the radio’s speaker.

NAC Network Access Code. The 12 most significant bits of the network identifier

information that precedes every packet sent on the CAI. The NAC

identifies which network the data belongs to, allowing base stations and

mobiles to ignore packets belonging to interfering networks.

NAT Network Address Translation allows the use of a single IP address for a whole

network of computers. A NAT sits between the public Internet and the

network it serves, and works by rewriting IP addresses and port numbers in

IP headers on the fly so the packets all appear to be coming from (or going

to) the single public IP address of the NAT device instead of the actual

source or destination.

network element Any device that is network-connected. A TaitNet digital network consists

of a number of network elements. The TB9400 base station is a network

element designed and manufactured by Tait.

DRAFT 4

122 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

NTP Network Time Protocol is a protocol and software implementation for

synchronizing the clocks of computer systems across a network. An NTP

server obtains the correct time from a time source and sets the local time in

each connected computer.

octet A set of 8 bits.

Offline mode A mode of operation in which active service is suspended so that special

operations can be carried out, such as programming in a new configuration

or carrying out invasive diagnostic tests.

Online mode The normal operating mode of the base station.

outbound Describes the direction of a signal: from a fixed station over the air interface

to an SU.

over A single transmission, which begins when a user presses PTT and ends when

the user stops pressing.

P25 Project 25. A suite of standards and requirements endorsed by the TIA and

intended for digital public safety radio communications systems.

PA The Power Amplifier is a base station module that boosts the exciter output

to the required transmit level.

PCB Printed Circuit Board.

PMU The Power Management Unit is a module in the base station that provides

power to the subrack and monitors power conditions.

preamble A well-defined signal that is transmitted at the beginning of digital P25 calls

to facilitate downlink voting and to allow the transmit buffer to fill.

privileges A set of access rights to the web interface functions. There are Guest,

Maintainer, and Administrator privileges.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 123

Project 25 A project set up by APCO (the Association of Public Safety

Communications Officials), together with other US governmental

organizations, to develop standards for interoperable digital radios to meet

the needs of public safety users.

PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network: the public telephone network.

PTT Push To Talk. The button on an SU that keys the transmitter.

QoS Quality Of Service. A router feature that gives real-time data such as voice

calls priority over other data.

receiver number A unique number assigned to the members of a channel group.

reciter A module of a base station that provides both receiver and exciter

functionality.

repeater talkaround Allows the SU user to bypass repeater operation and so communicate

directly with other SUs. While repeater talkaround is active, all transmissions

are made on the receive frequency programmed for the channel.

RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computer. A type of microprocessor that

recognizes a relatively limited number of instructions. The reciter’s control

board has a RISC microprocessor.

router A router is an internetwork packet switch that switches data packets from an

input interface to an output interface. The interfaces can be of different

types.

RS-232 A protocol for serial communications between a DTE (data terminal

equipment) and a DCE (data communications equipment) device.

RS-485 An updated version of the RS-232 protocol for serial communications

between multiple devices.

RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator is a level that indicates the strength of the

received signal.

DRAFT 4

124 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

RTP Real Time Protocol is an Internet protocol that supports the real-time

transmission of voice and data.

Rx Receiver.

satellite voter A channel group member that has delegated voting activity to a central

voter.

SAW filter Surface Acoustic Wave filter. A band pass filter that can be used to filter both

RF and IF frequencies. A SAW filter uses the piezoelectric effect to turn the

input signal into vibrations that are turned back into electrical signals in the

desired frequency range.

selectivity The ability of a radio receiver to select the wanted signal and reject

unwanted signals on adjacent channels (expressed as a ratio).

sensitivity The sensitivity of a radio receiver is the minimum input signal strength

required to provide a usable signal.

signaling profile A named set of configuration items related to signaling that can be applied

to any channel.

simplex Able to provide transmission and reception in only one direction at a time.

simulcast The simultaneous broadcast by more than one transmitter of the same signal

on the same frequency.

SINAD Signal plus Noise and Distortion is a measure of signal quality. It is the ratio

of (signal + noise + distortion) to (noise + distortion). A SINAD of 12 dB

corresponds to a signal-to-noise ratio of 4:1.

site 1. The base station equipment at a particular location. This includes power

supplies, transmitters, receivers, network interfaces and controllers.

2. The location of that equipment.

skew A measure used in centrally voted channel groups. If a voice stream arrives

at the central voter 20 ms later than the first voice stream from the same SU,

it is said to have a skew of 20 ms.

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 125

SMR Specialized Mobile Radio. A communications system used by police,

ambulances, taxis, trucks and other delivery vehicles.

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. A protocol used (for example) by

the trunking site controller to monitor the status of the channel group and

its members.

SSRC Synchronization source. The SSRC is a large number specified by the

trunking controller in its connection message. It uniquely identifies voice

streams sent from the master base station.

SU Subscriber Unit. The term used in the APCO P25 standard documents for

a two-way radio (generally a mobile or a portable radio) conforming to the

CAI specifications.

supplementary

service A term used in the P25 standards. It refers to a group of services that is

additional to the basic service that a telecommunications network provides.

Examples include encryption and SU monitoring.

system control bus Provides the following physical paths in a TB9400 base station:

■I2C and RS-485 communications between the modules in the subrack

■fan power from the PMU

■power connections for the reciter and front panel.

Tai tN et Brand name for any PMR network designed and manufactured by Tait

Electronics Limited.

TaitNet P25 network A set of Tait base stations interconnected by an IP network that can carry

voice and data traffic.

TB9400 Base Station A P25-compliant base station consisting of the equipment necessary to

receive and transmit on one channel. Generally, this means a reciter, a PA,

and a PMU. Often abbreviated to TB9400 or base station.

TCCP Trunking Channel Control Protocol. A proprietary protocol operating over

IP for the exchange of channel control messages between a base station and

a trunking site controller.

TCP Transmission Control Protocol. A complex protocol on top of IP for

sending reliable streams of data with flow control.

DRAFT 4

126 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

TELCO Telephone company.

TIA Telecommunications Industry Association

toggle Describes the switching between two states. If something is on, toggling it

turns it off. If it is off, toggling it turns it on.

tone A sound wave of a particular frequency.

TSBK A Trunking Signaling Block is an over-the-air message format used in digital

P25 mode for setting up trunked calls and for supplementary services such

as messaging and status updates.

Tx Trans m itter.

UDP User Datagram Protocol. A simple protocol on top of IP for sending streams

of data.

uninhibit A control command that can be sent across the CAI to restore an inhibited

SU to normal functioning.

uplink The transmission path from SUs to fixed equipment.

UTC Coordinated Universal Time (word order from French). An international

time standard that has replaced Greenwich Mean Time.

valid signal A signal that the receiver unmutes to. A signal is valid, for example, when it

is strong enough to be decoded and when it has the specified NAC.

voice stream A digitized voice signal that passes through the main switch.

VoIP Voice over IP. The name for the technology that puts speech signals in

packets and then routes them over an IP backbone network.

voting The systematic sampling of a group of channels for the channel with the

greatest signal strength. Voting provides wide-area coverage and ensures that

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual TaitNet P25 Glossary 127

as the user moves throughout the coverage area the strongest channel is

always available for a call.

VPN Virtual Private Network. A private communications network used to

communicate confidentially over a non-private network.

VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio is the ratio of the maximum peak voltage

anywhere on the transmission line to the minimum value anywhere on the

transmission line. A perfectly matched line has a VSWR of 1:1. A high ratio

indicates that the antenna subsystem is poorly matched.

watchdog A circuit that checks that the system is still responding. If the system does

not respond (because the firmware has locked up), the circuit generally resets

the system.

DRAFT 4

128 TaitNet P25 Glossary TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual 129

Tait Software License Agreement

This Software License Agreement ("Agreement")

is between you (“Licensee”) and Tait Electronics

Limited (“Tait").

By using any of the Software items embedded and

pre-loaded in the related Tait Designated Product,

included on CD, downloaded from the Tait web-

site, or provided in any other form, you agree to

be bound by the terms of this Agreement. If you

do not agree to the terms of this Agreement, do

not install or use any of the Software. If you install

or use any of the Software, that will be deemed to

be acceptance of the terms of this Agreement.

For good and valuable consideration, the parties

agree as follows:

Section 1 DEFINITIONS

“Confidential Information”

means all or any

information supplied to or received by Licensee

from Tait, whether before or after installation or

use and whether directly or indirectly pertaining

to the Software and Documentation supplied by

Tait, including without limitation all information

relating to the Designated Products, hardware,

software; copyright, design registrations, trade-

marks; operations, processes, and related business

affairs of Tait; and including any other goods or

property supplied by Tait to Licensee pursuant to

the terms of this Agreement.

“Designated Products”

means products pro-

vided by Tait to Licensee with which or for which

the Software and Documentation is licensed for

use.

“Documentation”

means product and soft-

ware documentation that specifies technical and

performance features and capabilities; user, oper-

ation, and training manuals for the Software; and

all physical or electronic media upon which such

information is provided.

“Executable Code”

means Software in a form

that can be run in a computer and typically refers

to machine language, which is comprised of

native instructions the computer carries out in

hardware. Executable code may also refer to pro-

grams written in interpreted languages that

require additional software to actually execute.

“Intellectual Property Rights”

and

“Intel-

lectual Property”

mean the following or their

substantial equivalents or counterparts, recog-

nized by or through action before any govern-

mental authority in any jurisdiction throughout

the world and including, but not limited to all

rights in patents, patent applications, inventions,

copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, trade names,

and other proprietary rights in or relating to the

Software and Documentation; including any

adaptations, corrections, de-compilations, disas-

semblies, emulations, enhancements fixes, modi-

fications, translations and updates to or derivative

works from, the Software or Documentation,

whether made by Tait or another party, or any

improvements that result from Tait processes or,

provision of information services.

“Licensee”

means any individual or entity that

has accepted the terms of this License.

“Open Source Software”

means software

with freely obtainable source code and license for

modification, or permission for free distribution.

“Open Source Software License”

means

the terms or conditions under which the Open

Source Software is licensed.

“Person”

means any individual, partnership,

corporation, association, joint stock company,

trust, joint venture, limited liability company,

governmental authority, sole proprietorship, or

other form of legal entity recognized by a govern-

mental authority.

“Security Vulnerability”

means any flaw or

weakness in system security procedures, design,

implementation, or internal controls that if exer-

cised (accidentally triggered or intentionally

exploited) could result in a security breach such

that data is compromised, manipulated, or stolen,

or a system is damaged.

“Software”

(i) means proprietary software in

executable code format, and adaptations, transla-

tions, de-compilations, disassemblies, emulations,

or derivative works of such software; (ii) means

any modifications, enhancements, new versions

and new releases of the software provided by Tait;

and (iii) may contain one or more items of soft-

ware owned by a third-party supplier. The term

"Software" does not include any third-party soft-

ware provided under separate license or not

licensable under the terms of this Agreement.

“Source Code”

means software expressed in

human readable language necessary for under-

standing, maintaining, modifying, correcting, and

enhancing any software referred to in this Agree-

ment and includes all states of that software prior

to its compilation into an executable programme.

“Tait”

means Tait Electronics Limited and

includes its Affiliates.

Section 2 SCOPE

This Agreement contains the terms and condi-

tions of the license Tait is providing to Licensee,

and of Licensee’s use of the Software and Docu-

mentation. Tait and Licensee enter into this

Agreement in connection with Tait delivery of

certain proprietary Software and/or products

containing embedded or pre-loaded proprietary

Software.

Section 3 GRANT OF LICENSE

3.1. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement

and the payment of applicable license fees, Tait

grants to Licensee a personal, limited, non-trans-

ferable (except as permitted in Section 7), and

non-exclusive license to use the Software in exe-

cutable code form, and the Documentation,

solely in connection with Licensee's use of the

Designated Products for the useful life of the Des-

ignated Products. This Agreement does not grant

any rights to source code.

3.2. If the Software licensed under this Agree-

DRAFT 4

130 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

ment contains or is derived from Open Source

Software, the terms and conditions governing the

use of such Open Source Software are in the

Open Source Software Licenses of the copyright

owner and not in this Agreement. If there is a

conflict between the terms and conditions of this

Agreement and the terms and conditions of the

any applicable Open Source Software Licenses,

the terms and conditions of the Open Source

Software Licenses will take precedence. For infor-

mation about Open Source Components con-

tained in Tait products and the related Open

Source licenses, see: http://

support.taitradio.com/go/opensource

Section 4 LIMITATIONS ON USE

4.1. Licensee may use the Software only for

Licensee's internal business purposes and only in

accordance with the Documentation. Any other

use of the Software is strictly prohibited. Without

limiting the general nature of these restrictions,

Licensee will not make the Software available for

use by third parties on a "time sharing," "applica-

tion service provider," "service bureau" basis, or

for any other similar commercial rental or sharing

arrangement.

4.2. Licensee will not, and will not directly or

indirectly allow or enable any third party to: (i)

reverse engineer, disassemble, extract compo-

nents, decompile, reprogram, or otherwise reduce

the Software or any portion thereof to a human

perceptible form or otherwise attempt to recreate

the source code; (ii) modify, adapt, create deriva-

tive works of, or merge the Software; (iii) copy,

reproduce, distribute, lend, or lease the Software

or Documentation to any third party; (iv) grant

any sublicense or other rights in the Software or

Documentation to any third party; (v) take any

action that would cause the Software or Docu-

mentation to be placed in the public domain; (vi)

remove, or in any way alter or obscure any copy-

right notice or other notice of Tait proprietary

rights; (vii) provide, copy, transmit, disclose,

divulge or make the Software or Documentation

available to, or permit the use of the Software by,

any third party or on any machine except as

expressly authorized by this Agreement; or (viii)

use, or permit the use of, the Software in a man-

ner that would result in the production of a copy

of the Software by any means whatsoever other

than what is permitted in this Agreement. Licen-

see may make one copy of the Software to be used

solely for archival, back-up, or disaster recovery

purposes; provided that Licensee may not operate

that copy of the Software at the same time as the

original Software is being operated. Licensee may

make as many copies of the Documentation as it

may reasonably require for the internal use of the

Software.

4.3. Unless otherwise authorized by Tait in writ-

ing, Licensee will not, and will not enable or

allow any third party to: (i) install a copy of the

Software on more than one unit of a Designated

Product; or (ii) copy or transfer Software installed

on one unit of a Designated Product to any other

device. Licensee may temporarily transfer Soft-

ware installed on a Designated Product to another

device if the Designated Product is inoperable or

malfunctioning. Temporary transfer of the Soft-

ware to another device must be discontinued

when the original Designated Product is returned

to operation and the Software must be removed

from the other device.

4.4. Licensee will maintain, during the term of

this Agreement and for a period of two years

thereafter, accurate records relating to this license

grant to verify compliance with this Agreement.

Tait, or a third party nominated by Tait, may

inspect Licensee’s premises, books and records,

upon reasonable prior notice to Licensee, during

Licensee’s normal business hours and subject to

Licensee's facility and security regulations. Tait is

responsible for the payment of all expenses and

costs of the inspection, provided that Licensee

shall indemnify Tait for all costs (including audit

costs and legal costs on a solicitor client basis) if

Licensee has breached the terms of this Agree-

ment. Any information obtained by Tait during

the course of the inspection will be kept in strict

confidence by Tait and used solely for the purpose

of verifying Licensee's compliance with the terms

of this Agreement.

Section 5 OWNERSHIP AND TITLE

Tait, its licensors, and its suppliers retain all of

their Intellectual Property Rights in and to the

Software and Documentation, in any form. No

rights are granted to Licensee under this Agree-

ment by implication, estoppel or otherwise,

except for those rights which are expressly

granted to Licensee in this Agreement. All Intel-

lectual Property developed, originated, or pre-

pared by Tait in connection with providing the

Software, Designated Products, Documentation,

or related services, remains vested exclusively in

Tait, and Licensee will not have any shared devel-

opment or other Intellectual Property Rights.

Section 6 LIMITED WARRANTY;

DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY

6.1. The commencement date and the term of the

Software warranty will be a period of one (1) year

from Tait shipment of the Software. If Licensee is

not in breach of any obligations under this Agree-

ment, Tait warrants that the unmodified Software,

when used properly and in accordance with the

Documentation and this Agreement, will be free

from a reproducible defect that eliminates the

functionality or successful operation of a feature

critical to the primary functionality or successful

operation of the Software. Whether a defect has

occurred will be determined solely by Tait. Tait

does not warrant that Licensee’s use of the Soft-

ware or the Designated Products will be uninter-

rupted, error-free, completely free of Security

Vulnerabilities, or that the Software or the Desig-

nated Products will meet Licensee’s particular

requirements. Tait makes no representations or

warranties with respect to any third-party soft-

ware included in the Software.

6.2 Tait sole obligation to Licensee, and Licensee’s

exclusive remedy under this warranty, is to use

reasonable efforts to remedy any material Soft-

ware defect covered by this warranty. These

efforts will involve either replacing the media or

attempting to correct significant, demonstrable

DRAFT 4

TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual 131

program or documentation errors or Security

Vulnerabilities. If Tait cannot correct the defect

within a reasonable time, then at Tait option, Tait

will replace the defective Software with function-

ally equivalent Software, license to Licensee sub-

stitute Software which will accomplish the same

objective, or terminate the license and refund

Licensee’s paid license fee. If Tait investigation of

the perceived defect reveals that no such defect in

fact exists, Tait may recover its costs in respect of

such investigation from Licensee.

6.3. Tait disclaims any and all other warranties

relating to the Software or Documentation other

than the express warranties set forth in this Sec-

tion 6. Warranties in Section 6 are in lieu of all

other warranties whether express or implied, oral

or written, and including without limitation any

and all implied warranties of condition, title, non-

infringement, merchantability, or fitness for a par-

ticular purpose or use by Licensee (whether Tait

knows, has reason to know, has been advised of,

or is otherwise aware of any such purpose or use),

whether arising by law, by reason of custom or

usage of trade, or by course of dealing. In addi-

tion, Tait disclaims any warranty to any person

other than Licensee with respect to the Software

or Documentation.

Section 7 TRANSFERS

7.1. Licensee will not transfer the Software or

Documentation to any third party without spe-

cific prior written consent from Tait. Tait may

withhold such consent or at its own discretion

make the consent conditional upon the transferee

paying applicable license fees and agreeing to be

bound by this Agreement.

7.2. In the case of a value-added reseller or dis-

tributor of Tait Designated Products, the consent

referred to in Section 7.1 may be contained in a

Tait Reseller or Tait Distributor Agreement.

7.3. If the Designated Products are Tait vehicle-

mounted mobile products or hand-carried porta-

ble radio products and Licensee transfers owner-

ship of the Tait mobile or portable radio products

to a third party, Licensee may assign its right to use

the Software which is embedded in or furnished

for use with the radio products and the related

Documentation; provided that Licensee transfers

all copies of the Software and Documentation to

the transferee.

7.4. For the avoidance of any doubt, Section 7.3

excludes TaitNet Infrastructure, or the products

listed at any time under network products at:

http://www.taitradio.com.

7.5. If Licensee, as a contractor or subcontractor

(integrator), is purchasing Tait Designated Prod-

ucts and licensing Software not for its own inter-

nal use but for end use only by a Customer, the

Licensee may transfer such Software, but only if a)

Licensee transfers all copies of such Software and

the related Documentation to the transferee and

b) Licensee has first obtained from its Customer

(and, if Licensee is acting as a subcontractor, from

the interim transferee(s) and from the ultimate

end user sub license) an enforceable sublicense

agreement that prohibits any other transfer and

that contains restrictions substantially identical to

the terms set forth in this Software License Agree-

ment. Except as stated in the foregoing, Licensee

and any transferee(s) authorised by this Section

may not otherwise transfer or make available any

Tait Software to any third party nor permit any

party to do so. Licensee will, on request, make

available evidence reasonably satisfactory to Tait

demonstrating compliance with all the foregoing.

Section 8 TERM AND TERMINATION

8.1. Licensee’s right to use the Software and Doc-

umentation will commence when the Designated

Products are supplied by Tait to Licensee and will

continue for the life of the Designated Products

with which or for which the Software and Docu-

mentation are supplied, unless Licensee breaches

this Agreement, in which case this Agreement

and Licensee's right to use the Software and Doc-

umentation may be terminated immediately upon

notice by Tait.

8.2. Within thirty (30) days after termination of

this Agreement, Licensee must certify in writing

to Tait that all copies of the Software have been

removed or deleted from the Designated Products

and that all copies of the Software and Documen-

tation have been returned to Tait or destroyed by

Licensee and are no longer in use by Licensee.

8.3. Licensee acknowledges that Tait made a con-

siderable investment of resources in the develop-

ment, marketing, and distribution of the Software

and Documentation and that Licensee's breach of

this Agreement will result in irreparable harm to

Tait for which monetary damages would be inad-

equate. If Licensee breaches this Agreement, Tait

may terminate this Agreement and be entitled to

all available remedies at law or in equity including

immediate injunctive relief and repossession of all

non-embedded Software and associated Docu-

mentation. Licensee shall pay all Tait costs (on an

indemnity basis) for the enforcement of the terms

of this Agreement.

Section 9 CONFIDENTIALITY

Licensee acknowledges that the Software and

Documentation contain proprietary and Confi-

dential Information valuable to Tait and are Tait

trade secrets, and Licensee agrees to respect the

confidentiality of the information contained in

the Software and Documentation.

Section 10 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

10.1. In no circumstances shall Tait be under any

liability to Licensee, or any other person whatso-

ever, whether in Tort (including negligence),

Contract (except as expressly provided in this

Agreement), Equity, under any Statute, or other-

wise at law for any losses or damages whether

general, special, exemplary, punitive, direct, indi-

rect, or consequential arising out of or in connec-

tion with any use or inability of using the Soft-

ware.

10.2. Licensee’s sole remedy against Tait will be

limited to breach of contract and Tait sole and

total liability for any such claim shall be limited at

the option of Tait to the repair or replacement of

the Software or the refund of the purchase price

of the Software.

Section 11 GENERAL

11.1. COPYRIGHT NOTICES. The existence

of a copyright notice on the Software will not be

DRAFT 4

132 TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

construed as an admission or presumption of pub-

lication of the Software or public disclosure of any

trade secrets associated with the Software.

11.2. COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS. Licensee

acknowledges that the Software may be subject to

the laws and regulations of the jurisdiction cover-

ing the supply of the Designated Products and will

comply with all applicable laws and regulations,

including export laws and regulations, of that

country.

11.3. ASSIGNMENTS AND SUBCON-

TRACTING. Tait may assign its rights or sub-

contract its obligations under this Agreement, or

encumber or sell its rights in any Software, with-

out prior notice to, or consent of, Licensee.

11.4. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall

be subject to and construed in accordance with

New Zealand law and disputes between the par-

ties concerning the provisions hereof shall be

determined by the New Zealand Courts of Law.

Provided however Tait may at its election bring

proceedings for breach of the terms hereof or for

the enforcement of any judgment in relation to a

breach of the terms hereof in any jurisdiction Tait

considers fit for the purpose of ensuring compli-

ance with the terms hereof or obtaining relief for

breach of the terms hereof.

11.5. THIRD-PARTY BENEFICIARIES. This

Agreement is entered into solely for the benefit of

Tait and Licensee. No third party has the right to

make any claim or assert any right under this

Agreement, and no third party is deemed a bene-

ficiary of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the

foregoing, any licensor or supplier of third-party

software included in the Software will be a direct

and intended third-party beneficiary of this

Agreement.

11.6. SURVIVAL. Sections 4, 5, 6.3, 7, 8, 9, 10,

and 11 survive the termination of this Agreement.

11.7. ORDER OF PRECEDENCE. In the

event of inconsistencies between this Agreement

and any other Agreement between the parties, the

parties agree that, with respect to the specific sub-

ject matter of this Agreement, this Agreement

prevails.

11.8. SECURITY. Tait uses reasonable means in

the design and writing of its own Software and the

acquisition of third-party Software in order to

limit Security Vulnerabilities. While no software

can be guaranteed to be free from Security Vul-

nerabilities, if a Security Vulnerability is discov-

ered, Tait will take the steps specified in Section 6

of this Agreement.

11.9. SEVERABILITY. In the event that any part

or parts of this Agreement shall be held illegal or

null and void by any court or administrative body

of competent jurisdiction, such determination

shall not affect the remaining terms which shall

remain in full force and effect as if such part or

parts held to be illegal or void had not been

included in this Agreement. Tait may replace the

invalid or unenforceable provision with a valid

and enforceable provision that achieves the origi-

nal intent and economic effect of this Agreement.

11.10. CONSUMER GUARANTEES. Licen-

see acknowledges that the licenses supplied in

terms of this agreement are supplied to Licensee

in business, and that the guarantees and other pro-

visions of prevailing consumer protection legisla-

tion shall not apply.

11.11. WHOLE AGREEMENT. Licensee

acknowledges that it has read this Agreement,

understands it and agrees to be bound by its terms

and conditions. Licensee also agrees that, subject

only to the express terms of any other agreement

between Tait and Licensee to the contrary, this is

the complete and exclusive statement of the

Agreement between it and Tait in relation to the

Software. This Agreement supersedes any pro-

posal or prior agreement, oral or written, and any

other communications between Licensee and Tait

relating to the Software and the Designated Prod-

ucts.

Tait TBCK4B Base Station Transceiver User Manual TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Tait Limited Base Station Transceiver TB9400 Installation and Operation Manual

Exhibit D Users Manual per 2 1033 c3

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