Technalogix TAV250H VHF Television Broadcast Transmitter User Manual users manual

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TAV-250
ANALOG TV POWER AMPLIFIER
OPERATING
MANUAL
TAV-250
You’ve already unpacked it, haven’t you? You’ve unpacked it and
plugged it in and turned it on and fiddled with the knobs. No?
Okay, good. Please take a few minutes to read the manual and
familiarize yourself with your new Technalogix power amplifier.
We believe that this manual, and of course our equipment, should
be everything you need to get on the air with superb broadcast
quality video. We understand that a capable and confident user
will get the most out of our product and we have made every
attempt to educate readers of all technical levels. If there is
something that is not clear, or you require further information,
please do not hesitate to contact us and we’ll be glad to help out.
Technalogix Ltd.
#4, 8021 Edgar Industrial Place
Red Deer, Alberta, Canada
T4P 3R3
Phone: 403.347.5400
Fax: 403.347.7444
URL: www.technalogix.ca
Email: technical@technalogix.ca
sales@technalogix.ca
We truly appreciate that you have chosen us as your television
broadcast system supplier. Happy viewing.
TAV-250
Table of Contents
SECTION I- SAFEGUARDS .................................................................................... I-1
SAFETY AND FIRST AID ......................................................................................... I-2
OPERATING SAFEGUARDS ..................................................................................... I-3
SECTION II - WARRANTY ................................................................................... II-1
SECTION III - OVERVIEW ................................................................................... III-1
STANDARD FEATURES ......................................................................................... III-1
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ................................................................................... III-2
BLOCK DIAGRAM ................................................................................................ III-3
SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................. III-5
SECTION IV - RF COMPONENTS ........................................................................ IV-1
AMPLIFIER PALLETS ............................................................................................ IV-1
DIRECTIONAL COUPLER ...................................................................................... IV-4
ISOLATOR........................................................................................................... IV-4
FILTER ............................................................................................................... IV-4
SECTION V - POWER SUPPLY SECTION ............................................................... V-1
SECTION VI - MONITOR AND CONTROL SYSTEM ................................................. VI-1
CONTROL BOARD OVERVIEW (INSIGHT)................................................................ VI-1
USER INTERFACE MODULE .................................................................................. VI-1
COUPLER CONDITIONING MODULE ....................................................................... VI-2
RF CONDITIONING MODULE................................................................................. VI-3
TEMPERATURE SENSOR MODULE ........................................................................ VI-4
TXNET MODULE .................................................................................................. VI-5
REMOTE PORT ................................................................................................... VI-6
FAULT SHUTDOWN .............................................................................................. VI-7
BILL OF MATERIALS ............................................................................................ VI-8
SCHEMATICS .................................................................................................... VI-10
SECTION VII - MECHANICAL SECTION ............................................................... VII-1
TAV-250
SECTION VIII - INSTALLATION ......................................................................... VIII-1
BUILDING RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................................................... VIII-1
HEATING AND COOLING REQUIREMENTS ............................................................. VIII-2
ELECTRICAL SERVICE RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................... VIII-3
ANTENNA AND TOWER RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................ VIII-4
SHELTER SECURITY .......................................................................................... VIII-5
UNPACKING AND INSPECTION ............................................................................. VIII-6
LOCATION AND FUNCTION OF CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS (TAV-250 POWER
AMPLIFIERS)..................................................................................................... VIII-7
INITIAL HOOK UP ............................................................................................ VIII-11
SECTION IX - OPERATING PROCEDURE.............................................................. IX-1
SECTION X - MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING .......................................... X-1
TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................................................................. X-2
TAV-250
Section I - Safeguards
General Safeguards
This section is written as a general guide to keep all 5 fingers on your hand and is intended for those
having previous knowledge and experience with these kinds of equipment. It is not intended to
contain a complete statement of all safety precautions, which should be observed by personnel using
this or other electronic equipment.
DOCUMENTATION - Read, retain and follow instructions before operating the equipment.
There is a lot of useful information in the manual, and besides, we spent a lot of time
writing it!
ENVIRONMENT - To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this equipment
to rain, moisture, or rye and sodas at the company Christmas party. Refer all servicing to
qualified service personnel.
SERVICING - Do not attempt to service this equipment yourself as opening or removing
covers can result in a warm tingly feeling and will void the warranty. Refer all servicing to
qualified service personnel.
I-1
TAV-250
Safety and First Aid
Personnel engaged in the installation, operation, maintenance, or servicing of electronic equipment
are exposed to the hazard of high voltage. It is imperative that all safety regulations and precautions
are consistently observed. Knowledge of first aid procedures is recommended. The following
information is presented as a reference only.
•
At all times, avoid placing any part of the body in series between ground and circuit points,
whether power is on or off.
•
Dangerous voltage may be present in equipment even though power is off. Do not open the
cabinet. Refer servicing to qualified service personnel.
•
It is the duty of all personnel to be prepared to give adequate emergency first aid treatment and
thereby prevent avoidable loss of life.
•
There are three principle degrees of burns, recognizable as follows:
• a first-degree burn reddens the skin.
• a second-degree burn blisters the skin.
• a third degree burn chars the flesh and frequently places the victim in a state of shock
accompanied by respiratory paralysis.
•
Respiratory paralysis can cause death by suffocation within seconds. It is imperative that the
approved methods of artificial respiration are initiated immediately and continue until the victim’s
breathing is normal.
•
A muscular spasm of unconsciousness may render the victim unable to break free of the electric
power. If this is the case, turn the power off immediately.
DO NOT TOUCH THE VICTIM OR YOU MAY SHARE THE SAME
PREDICAMENT.
•
If the power cannot be turned off immediately, very carefully loop a dry rope, article of clothing,
length of strong cloth or a rolled-up newspaper around the victim and pull the victim free of the
power source. Carefully avoid touching the victim or clothing.
•
Once free of the power source, the victim must be placed in a reclining position and covered
with a blanket or newspapers to keep warm. At the first opportunity, enlist help in
summoning a doctor. If a doctor cannot be summoned, transport the victim to the doctor or a
hospital. Be sure the victim is kept well covered and warm while awaiting professional
treatment.
I-2
TAV-250
Operating Safeguards
It is a known fact that our broadcast transmitters and translators enjoy 50-ohm load impedances.
So much so, that it is imperative you maintain 50-ohm impedances throughout your system. In
return, your equipment will provide you with maximum power transfer to the antenna and
decreased reflected power heading back towards the amplifier pallets, reducing the amount of
magic smoke that gets let out of the power amplifier. Before anything is turned on, ensure that
there is a 50-ohm path from the output of each stage to the input of the next, all the way to the
antenna.
In addition to maintaining proper 50-ohm impedances throughout the signal chain, it is also
important, whenever possible, to make sure the RF drive going to the input of the power amplifier
is removed before turning on or turning off the DC power supply. This is because all of the RF
transistors used in the individual amplifier pallets are fabricated with LDMOS (Laterally Diffused
Metal Oxide Semiconductor) technology. Nice and linear yes, but they do not like to make any RF
power when their supply voltages are not within a specific range. When you first turn your power
amplifier on or off, the DC power supply’s output voltage may take a while to stable out to a safe
operating voltage. Ten seconds wait before applying the RF drive will ensure no issues arise.
Our power amplifiers are designed to reliably generate a specific RF output power. Failing to
adhere to overdriven amplifier warnings can decrease the reliability of your system, and frankly,
makes our repair department busy and grumpy. If you need to transmit to a little larger coverage,
you are better off increasing antenna gain, and more importantly, antenna height above average
terrain. On TV and FM broadcast frequencies, insufficient antenna height puts an upper limit on
your range, regardless of power levels, as the distance from your antenna to the radio horizon is
limited.
I-3
TAV-250
Section II - Warranty
Our legalese is straightforward. It is simply designed to give you peace of mind and helps you resist
the temptation to have your electronics friend try to repair your Technalogix product.
Technalogix Ltd. products have been completely tested and found to meet specifications and be in
proper operating condition. They are warranted to be free from defects in materials and
workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment. If the system becomes damaged in
shipment and there are obvious signs of damage to the outside of the packaging, notify your courier
immediately before that courier walks out the door.
Technalogix Ltd. will not be liable for damages of whatever nature arising out of or in connection
with the equipment or its use thereof. Technalogix does not assume responsibility for injury or
damage resulting from the practices of untrained or unqualified personnel in the handling of this
equipment.
Technalogix Ltd. warranty does not include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
misuse, neglect or accident.
incorrect wiring and /or improper installation.
unauthorized repairs, modifications or use in violation of instructions issued by Technalogix.
incidental or consequential damages as a result of any defect.
reshipment cost or insurance of the unit or replacement units or parts.
acts of nature or terrorism.
Technalogix agrees, at our option, to remedy warranted defects or furnish a new part in exchange
for any part of a unit which, under normal installation, use and service, becomes defective. The user
will pay for transportation costs to and from the repair center. If you require technical service on the
site, the cost to you will be $800.00 US per day plus air fare and meals.
II-1
TAV-250
To claim your rights under this warranty:
•
Contact Technalogix and describe the problem in as much detail as possible. See
troubleshooting section in this manual. If a solution cannot be found at this time, it may be
determined that the unit will have to be returned to Technalogix for repair, once a Return
Materials Authorization (RMA) number is provided. Please look under our web site
(www.technalogix.ca) for the RMA form (Service) and fill it out. Either fax it to us or email to us.
•
Package equipment carefully for prepaid shipment to Technalogix. Include a written description
of the problem experienced, a copy of the original invoice establishing warranty status, and the
RMA.
Technalogix reserves the right to make revisions in current production of the equipment and
assumes no obligation to incorporate these changes in earlier models.
Shipping Address:
Technalogix Ltd.
ATTN: RMA#
#4, 8021 Edgar Industrial Place
Red Deer, Alberta, Canada
T4P 3R3
Ph: 403.347.5400
Made in Canada, returned for repairs
II-2
TAV-250
Section III - Overview
Standard Features
•
Narrow output bandpass filter (if installed) allows adjacent channel operation
•
Front panel Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) to monitor system parameters.
•
Microcontroller-based monitoring and control ensures amplifier will never be overdriven and
high VSWR will not damage amplifier
•
AC circuit breaker on back panel to eliminate replacement of fuses
•
All aluminium enclosure maintains power amplifier’s light weight
•
Simple design using commonly available parts ensures reliable operation
•
Predominate and third-order intermodulation distortion exceeds Industry Canada and FCC
specification.
III-1
TAV-250
Principle of Operation
The TAV-250 power amplifier supplies a 250-watt peak video signal with an aural carrier level 10 to
13 dB below visual carrier (dBc) on any of the VHF television channels 2 through 13. Please note
that channel selection must be made at time of order, as the transmitter or translator is calibrated
and tested to the channel requested and is not field tuneable. The TAV-250 power amplifier is a
modular solid-state 250-watt broadcast amplifier utilizing readily available RF components wherever
possible, thus enhancing the serviceability of the equipment.
The TAV-250 is comprised of a 25 watt driver pallet in addition to a 400 watt final pallet that
provides 250 watts of peak visual power in addition to the aural carrier power.
The TAV-250 features ultra linear amplification with amplifier modules that are stable for high
reliability and long service life.
III-2
TAV-250
Block Diagram
The RF signal enters through the RF Input connector on the power amplifier enclosure from the
modulator or processor. It then passes through an RF attenuator to limit the output power level
of the power amplifier and to help buffer any transients that may come into the power amplifier.
After attenuation, the signal gets preamplified using a driver pallet before the signal passes into
a final pallet for final amplification. The signal then passes through an isolator. Finally, the
signal gets monitored with a dual directional coupler before heading out to an antenna for
broadcast.
III-3
TAV-250
A=+40dB typ. low band VHF
A=+34dB typ. high band VHF
VHFTV25-VHF DRIVER
U3
Bandpass Filter
VHFTV400-VHF FINAL
CIRCULATOR
DIRECTIONAL COUPLER
Attenuation
RF INPUT
RF OUT
TO WATTMETER
AND ANTENNA
A=+18dB typ. low band VHF
A=+15dB typ. high band VHF
50 OHM
TERMINATION
TAV-250 Block Diagram
Rev
ID
TAV-250
Date: May 25, 2005 Page: 1 of 1
Specifications
The following specifications were taken with a Technalogix modulator/processor. Should a different
modulator or processor be used, specifications could vary. For this reason, we recommend that any
different modulator/processor be shipped to Technalogix so the system can be matched and set up
optimally. In addition, the audio/video ratio the input to the power amplifier needs to be –10 dB in
order for the software and LCD readout to be accurate.
RF Characteristics
Frequency range
Frequency Response (one channel)
Frequency Stability
Selectivity
Minimum Input Level
Rated Visual Output Power
Rated Aural Output Power
IF Output Level
Input Impedance
Output Impedance
Harmonics
Predominant Intermodulation Distortion
+ 920 kHz
- 920 kHz
+ 2.66 MHz
- 2.66 MHz
+ 5.42 MHz
+ 7.16 MHz
any specified VHF Channel 2 to 13
±0.5 dB
±250 Hz
60 dB (adjacent channel)
0 dBmV
250 Watts
10% of peak visual power
+35 dBmV nominal
75 Ohms
50 Ohms
> 60 dB below rated power
dBc = decibels below visual carrier
> -53 dBc
> -53 dBc
> -53 dBc
> -53 dBc
> -53 dBc
> -53 dBc
3rd Order Intermodulation Distortion
+ 4.5 MHz
+ 9.0 MHz
All others
Spurious Emissions
> -60 dBc
> -60 dBc
> -60 dBc
> -60 dBc
NTSC Video Characteristics
Input Level to modulator (for 87.5% modulation)
Differential Phase (at 87.5% modulation)
Differential Gain (at 87.5% modulation)
Group Delay
Video Group Delay Pre-emphasis
K-Factor
Hum and Noise
1.0 VPP
±2 Degrees
2%
< ±40 nS
Conforms to IC/FCC specifications
1.9% for 2T Pulse
> 60 dB below rated power
III-4
TAV-250
Aural Characteristics
Input Level for 25 kHz Deviation
Frequency Response (Standard Pre-emphasis)
Harmonic Distortion (25 kHz Deviation)
Amplitude Modulation Noise
Frequency Modulation Noise
Intercarrier Stability
0.3 VPP
±1 dB
< 1% 50 Hz to 15 kHz
> 50 dB
> 60 dB
±250 Hz
Physical Characteristics
Power Requirements
Power Supply
115Vac, 11A or 230Vac, 5.3 Aac
0 - 50°C
Power Amplifier
W-19" flange (17” encl.) , D-25", H-8-3/4” (5U)
Operating Temperature
Dimensions
III-5
TAV-250
Section IV – RF Components
Amplifier Pallets
The VHFTV-25 pallet is a two stage ultra linear class-A linear pallet. The VHFTV-25-L has a typical
gain of 40dB and the VHFTV-25-H has a typical gain of 34dB. These pallets draw no more than
3.25Adc total drain current (the exact bias and drain currents of your system are found in the spec
sheet supplied with each manual). The quiescent and drain currents can be measured on the
VHFTV-25 pallet by measuring the voltage drop across the current sense resistor found directly at
the DC power supply lead input to the pallet. This resistance is 0.01-ohms, providing a 10mV per
ampere ratio.
The final amplifier stage is comprised of a VHFTV-400-L or VHFTV-400-H amplifier pallet and
are characterized with typical gains of 18 dB (low band) or 16dB (high band) and maximum
drain currents of 11 A (low-band) or 14 A (high-band).
Each of the amplifier pallets is connectorized. All amplifier pallets must have the transistor drain
voltages reach at least 26Vdc before the RF drive is applied.
IV-1
TAV-250
Technalogix Ltd.
25 Watt High Band VHF Pallet
PA25-VHF-H
S. Kazarian
November 12, 2001
TAV-250
Technalogix Ltd.
400 Watt High Band VHF Pallet
P400-VHF-H
R.S. McDonald
July 30, 2001
TAV-250
Filter
The passive bandpass filter rejects spurious and harmonic output products and passes the VHF
channel RF output. The cavity resonator uses aperture coupling and is a linear resonator design.
Typical insertion loss is 0.6 dB to 1.0 dB depending on channel frequency. Average roll off is –33
dBc at a point 4.5 MHz below the peak visual carrier frequency and –30 dBc 9.0 MHz above the
peak visual carrier frequency. The filter is DC grounded on both the input and output for additional
lightning protection.
Directional Coupler
The Technalogix dual directional couplers provide DC voltages proportional to forward and reflected
RF power monitoring. These analog voltages are converted for processing using analog-to-digital
converters and provide the control system with valuable data for monitoring purposes. The
directional couplers installed in the power amplifier and filter enclosures have peak detection
circuits on the forward RF power side of the coupler and average detection circuits on the reflected
RF power side of the coupler. This is to allow the end user to set power in a manner that is more
independent of modulation and closer to a true tip-of-sync meter. Hence the readings of the
displays in the power amplifier system are peak for forward and average for reflected. Output
power should be set following the operating procedure found elsewhere in this manual. The
directional coupler has a typical insertion loss of 0.5dB and its Type N connectors can handle 1,500
watts peak.
Isolator
The power amplifier pallets are protected in part by the isolator located in the filter enclosure. It is
actually made up of a circulator and 50-ohm dump resistor. The circulators’ specifications include
an insertion loss of less than 0.2dB with an isolation rating better than 20dB. Any reflected power
gets dumped into the flanged power resistor. Even though the flanged power resistor is rated for
only 150-watts, and there could potentially be 500-watts being reflected back into the circulator, the
software will recognize quickly that reflected power is present and turn the carrier off. This way,
there is instantaneous protection due to the isolator setup and long term protection due to the
software.
IV-4
TAV-250
Section V – Power Supply
Switching AC-DC power supplies are used to power the amplifier pallets, the control circuits, and all
of the fans. There is (1) power supply used to generate the necessary current for the amplifier
pallets, set to 30 Vdc nominally.
The power supply is a Cotek-800S-P. This switching power supply is fully protected against short
circuit and output overload. Short circuit protection is a cycling type power limit. The internal AC
fuse is designed to blow only on a catastrophic failure in the unit – the fuse does not blow on
overload or short circuit. The thermal shutdown automatically recovers when the power supply
chassis cools down.
AC is fed into the enclosure via a filtered EMI AC entry. It is then current limited with a resettable
circuit breaker before passing through a rocker switch. This switch turns the AC on and off to the
switching power supply.
V-1
TAV-250
800S-P □□□□ Series
Switching Power Supply
With PFC
User’s Manual
TAV-250
800S-P Series Switch Power Supplies
♦ Universal AC Input
♦ 0.98 Typical Power Factor
♦ Forced Current Sharing at Parallel Operation
♦ Power Failure Signal
♦ Remote Sense
♦ Remote ON / OFF control
♦ SC / OV / OL / OT Protection
♦ Programmable Output Voltage
Specification
Model
800S -P009
800S-P012
800S-P015
800S-P018
Input Voltage Range
90 ~ 260V AC, 47~63 Hz ( 90~170VAC reduce power see curve below )
Input Current (Typ.)
4.5A / 230 V AC
Inrush Current (Typ.)
RESULT A：42.0A
Power Factor (Typ.)
0.98
Efficiency
DC Output Voltage
Output Voltage Adjustment
83%
84%
85%
85%
+9V DC
+12V DC
+15V DC
+18V DC
Max.-Min.＞15% Adj. Typical adjustment by potentiometer
25% ~ 100% Adjustment by 1 ~ 5v DC external control
1%
Ripple & Noise
Line & Load Regulation
Output Rated Current
Max Output Power
Over Voltage Protection
Over Load Protection
Remote ON / OFF Control
Remote Sense
Power Failure Signal
Parallel Operation
Setup , Rise , Hold Up Time
Temp. Coefficient
Less than 1%
88.8A
66.6A
53.3A
44.4A
800W
110% ~ 135% ( variable “OVP” follows the adjustable DC output voltage )
Current limiting 3 times (1.5”, 3.0”, 5.0”) then intelligent auto recovery
before shutdown
Compatible with a TTL signal to turn ON / OFF
Yes
Open Collector of NPN Transistor
Yes
RESULT A：12.4mS
±0.04% / ℃ ( 0 ~ 50℃)
Working Temp., Humidity
0℃~+50℃ @100% Load, +65℃ @50% Load, 20% ~ 90% RH
Storage Temp., Humidity
-20℃~+85℃ 10%~95% RH
Vibration
10 ~ 200Hz, 2g 10min./1 Cycle, Period of 60 min. for each axes
Safety Standards
EMC Standards
Leakage Current
Cooling
UL1950, TUV EN60950
EN55022, EN610000-4-2,3,4,5,6,8,11, EN61000-3-2,3, ENV50204
< 3.5mA / 240V AC
Power rating & temperature controlled fan
Dimension Weight ; Q’ty /
Carton
291 x 120 x 68 mm (L X W X H) / 2.3 Kgs ; 8 Sets / Ctn
TAV-250
800S-P Series Switch Power Supplies
♦ Universal AC Input
♦ 0.98 Typical Power Factor
♦ Forced Current Sharing at Parallel Operation
♦ Power Failure Signal
♦ Remote Sense
♦ Remote ON / OFF control
♦ SC / OV / OL / OT Protection
♦ Programmable Output Voltage
Specification
Model
800S-P024
800S-P036
800S-P048
800S-P060
Input Voltage Range
90 ~ 260V AC, 47~63 Hz ( 90~170VAC reduce power see curve below )
Input Current (Typ.)
4.5A / 230 V AC
Inrush Current (Typ.)
RESULT A：42.0A
Power Factor (Typ.)
0.98
Efficiency
DC Output Voltage
Output Voltage Adjustment
88%
88%
89%
90%
+24V DC
+36V DC
+48V DC
+60V DC
Max.-Min.＞15% Adj. Typical adjustment by potentiometer
25% ~ 100% Adjustment by 1 ~ 5v DC external control
1%
Ripple & Noise
Line & Load Regulation
Output Rated Current
Max Output Power
Over Voltage Protection
Over Load Protection
Remote ON / OFF Control
Remote Sense
Power Failure Signal
Parallel Operation
Setup , Rise , Hold Up Time
Temp. Coefficient
Less than 1%
33.3A
22.2A
16.6A
13.3A
800W
110% ~ 135% ( variable “OVP” follows the adjustable DC output voltage )
Current limiting 3 times (1.5”, 3.0”, 5.0”) then intelligent auto recovery
before shutdown
Compatible with a TTL signal to turn ON / OFF
Yes
Open Collector of NPN Transistor
Yes
RESULT A：12.4mS
±0.04% / ℃ ( 0 ~ 50℃)
Working Temp., Humidity
0℃~+50℃ @100% Load, +65℃ @50% Load, 20% ~ 90% RH
Storage Temp., Humidity
-20℃~+85℃ 10%~95% RH
Vibration
Safety Standards
EMC Standards
Leakage Current
Cooling
Dimension Weight ; Q’ty / Carton
10 ~ 200Hz, 2g 10min./1 Cycle, Period of 60 min. for each axes
UL1950, TUV EN60950
EN55022, EN610000-4-2,3,4,5,6,8,11, EN61000-3-2,3, ENV50204
< 3.5mA / 240V AC
Power rating & temperature controlled fan
291 x 120 x 68 mm (L X W X H) / 2.3 Kgs ; 8TAV-250
Sets / Ctn
Connector pin-out drawings
TAV-250
Output power vs. input voltage de-rating curve
Output power vs. ambient temperature de-rating curve
TAV-250
Mechanical drawings
TAV-250
Section VI – Monitor and Control System
Control System Overview (Insight)
The Insight control system is used for a variety of functions, the most important of which is
ensuring that the transmitter continues to operate in a safe manner. The control system also
allows the user to monitor and control the transmitter from both the front panel and the remote
access port.
Five modules comprise the Insight control system. These modules work together to provide all
the functions of the control system. The modules are: the user interface module, the coupler
condition module, the RF conditioning module, the temperature sensor module, and the TxNET
module. The operation of each module is outlined in the following sections.
User Interface Module
The primary function of the user interface module is, as the name suggests, providing the user
interface for the control system. This circuit board is mounted to the front panel of the
transmitter, directly behind the LCD display. The membrane switch on the front panel is also
connected to the user interface module. These components together provide the user with the
ability to monitor the transmitter from the front panel.
The following parameters can be monitored from the front panel:
• Forward (incident) power at the transmitter output.
• Reflected (reverse) power at the transmitter output.
• DC voltage of the transmitter power supply.
• DC current for each pallet in the transmitter.
• Temperature of the heat sink of the transmitter.
• The time since the transmitter was last shut down.
The hardware of the user interface module is based around a microcontroller (U112). This
microcontroller interfaces directly with the LCD and the membrane switch to provide output and
receive input from the user. The microcontroller also communicates with the coupler
conditioning board over a controller area network (CAN) bus. This communication is facilitated
be two ICs, U113 and U114, and passes through a CAT5 cable attached to connector J105.
The communication link with the coupler conditioning module allows the user interface module to
receive information about the foreword power, reflected power, and temperature of the
transmitter, as well as relay commands from the user to the rest of the system. If the transmitter
includes more than on amplifier module, a second CAN connection will be present between the
user interface module (J106) and the TxNET board to facilitate communication between
enclosures.
Other elements of the user interface module are also controlled by the microcontroller. A buzzer
(BZ101), a status LED (D113), and a relay to control the backlight of the LCD (RL101), are all
controlled through a buffer (U116). In order for the user interface module to monitor the current
draw of each pallet in the system, the DC supply wires pass through the user interface module
VI-1
TAV-250
on their way from the power supply to the pallets. The DC enters through connector J101 from
the power supply, and exits through J102 to go to the pallets. As the current passes through
shunt resistors (R117, R118, R120, R121, R123, R124, R126, R127, R129, R130), the voltage
drop is monitored by U101 to U105, buffered by U106 to U108, and sent to the analog to digital
converter integrated into the microcontroller. There are five circuits for which the current is
monitored by this system.
As the DC supply passes through the user interface module, it undergoes filtering to ensure that
the supply to the pallets is as clean as possible. Each of the five circuits passes through a
network of transient voltage suppressors, capacitors, and inductors. Each connection is also
fused at the input to insure an over-current condition does not persist. The fuses are a
replaceable mini blade type fuse with a 42V voltage rating, and a current rating depending on
application.
Coupler Conditioning Module
The coupler conditioning module serves to monitor the output of the directional coupler which
provides a voltage proportional to the foreword and reflected power at the output of the
transmitter. The coupler conditioning module also interfaces with each of the other boards in the
control system, acting as the hub of communications for the system. Lastly, the coupler
conditioning board sends and receives signals through the remote access port, via the TxNET
board.
The analog signals produced by the coupler for forward and reflected power are passed onto the
coupler conditioning module by connectors J206 and J207 respectively. Each signal is filtered
by CLC networks, and buffered and amplified by the op-amp U214. The level of the forward
signal can be adjusted by VR201, and the reflected signal by VR202. These two potentiometers
can be used to fine tune the power readings of the transmitter if they go out of calibration. The
analog signals are converted to digital by an analog-to-digital converter integrated into the
microcontroller U202.
Aside from taking readings from the coupler, the microcontroller on the coupler conditioning
module also interfaces with the RF conditioning module (through J201A) and the temperature
sensor (through J201B). The microcontroller interfaces with the CAN bus using U203 and U204.
Through the CAN bus, the coupler conditioning board is able to communicate with the user
interface module, and any other amplifiers that are in the system. The CAN bus is connected
through J201C, and J201D if there are multiple amplifiers in the transmitter system.
The last task of the coupler conditioning board is to send and receive remote access signals to
and from the TxNET board. Two analog outputs, proportional to forward and reflected power
and produced by the digital-to-analog converter U212 after it receives input from the
microcontroller. The analog outputs are then buffered by U211 before being sent through J203
to the TxNET board. J203, along with J204, also bring the digital inputs and outputs from the
TxNET board to the coupler conditioning module. The digital signals are then connected to the
microcontroller through the opto-isolators U205, U206, U207, U208, and U209.
VI-2
TAV-250
RF Conditioning Module
The RF conditioning board is located at the RF input of the amplifier. Its main function is to act
as a variable attenuator, so that the control system can add attenuation to the input of the
amplifier in order to limit the output power of the transmitter. The RF signal comes in to the RF
conditioning module through J302 before it passes through a manually variable attenuator made
up of R305, VR303, and R307. The signal then passes through the digitally-controlled variable
attenuator U302 before exiting through J303. The input for the digital attenuator comes from the
coupler conditioning module through J304. The input signals are passed through the optoisolators U303, U304, and U305 before being sent to the digital attenuator. In total, five control
signals go to the digital attenuator, allowing for attenuations of up to 31dB in 1dB steps.
Temperature Sensor Module
The temperature sensor module is a small board mounted to the main heatsink of the amplifier.
The main purpose of the temperature sensor module is to take temperature readings of the
heatsink. The temperature sensor IC is U1 which, after it has taken a reading, relays the digital
information to the coupler conditioning module through J1. Also passing through J1 is a driver
disable signal coming from the coupler conditioning module. The temperature sensor module
simply takes this signal and passes it through to J2, where it is connected to the driver pallet.
TxNET module
The TxNET module is simply a passive board that acts as an interface between the wiring on the
inside of the amplifier enclosure and connections on the outside of the enclosure. The DB-25
connector for the remote port (J602) is attached to the TxNET module. The signals travelling
through this port are connected to the coupler conditioning module through J601 and J603. The
TxNET module also includes up to four straight through RJ45 connections: J604 to J605, J606
to J607, J608 to J609, and J610 to J611. These connections are only used on systems with
multiple enclosures, to pass control signals between enclosures.
VI-3
TAV-250
Remote Port
The remote port allows external control of the transmission system via the DB25. The functions
of each pin on the remote port are indicated in the following table:
Pin Number
Description
Ground
Forward power sample1
Reflected power sample1
Carrier off2
Carrier on2
Increase carrier level (level must have been decreased) 2
Decrease carrier level (1dB increments) 2
Soft reset2
Reset2
10
Power supply fault flag3
11
High temperature flag3
12
High VSWR flag3
13
Amplifier overdriven flag3
14
+5Vdc
15
+3.3Vdc
16
Ground
17
Ground
18
N/C
19
N/C
20
N/C
21
N/C
22
N/C
23
N/C
24
N/C
25
N/C
Notes: 1. Analog output with voltage ranging from 0 to 5Vdc.
2. TTL level digital input, active on rising edge.
3. TTL level digital output, active high.
VI-4
TAV-250
Fault Shutdowns
On the LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) the following messages may appear:
If you see this message, the system has been driven to a power level higher than it is rated for.
This message will likely only appear momentarily, before the amplifier will add attenuation at its
input to bring the output power to a safe level.
This message indicates that excessive reflected power has been detected at the output of the
transmitter. Periodically, the amplifier will cycle on, and re-check for reflected power. If high
reflected power continues, the transmitter will eventually shut down completely.
This message indicates that the transmitter is experiencing unsafe internal temperatures.
Output power is reduced until a safe temperature is reached.
VI-5
TAV-250
Monitor and Control System (Insight) Bills of Materials
Circuit:
Revision:
User Interface Module
1.03
Designations
Qty
Description
Package
U112
IC MICROCONTROLLER 256 BYTE
RAM
64QFP
C106, C107, C117,
C118, C128, C129,
C141, C142, C148,
C149, C163
11
CAPACITOR 0.01 uF 50V 10%
C108-116, C119127, C130-140,
C143-145, C161
33
C146, C147
Manufacturer
Mfg. Part Number
Texas Instruments
MSP430F135IPM
0805
Yageo
08052R103K9B20D
CAPACITOR 0.1uF 50V 10%
0805
Yageo
08052R104K8B20D
CAPACITOR 33pF 50V 5%
0805
Panasonic
ECJ-2VC1H330J
9C08052A2701FKHFT
R101, R104, R107
R110, R113
RESISTOR 2.7KΩ
0805
Yageo
C162
CAPACITOR 1uF, 50V
0805
TDK Corporation
C2012Y5V1H105Z
R132
RESISTOR 37.4KΩ
0805
Yageo
9C08052A3742FKHFT
R133
RESISTOR 3.3KΩ
0805
Yageo
9C08052A3301FKHFT
R134, R135, R136,
R137, R138, R139
RESISTOR 249KΩ
0805
Yageo
9C08052A2493FKHFT
R140, R141, R144
R145, R146, R147
R150, R151, R156
0805
Yageo
9C08052A1002FKHFT
RESISTOR 10KΩ
R142, R143, R148
R149, R154, R155
RESISTOR 1KΩ
0805
Yageo
9C08052A1001FKHFT
R152
RESISTOR 100Ω
0805
Yageo
9C08052A1000FKHFT
R119, R122, R125,
R128, R131, R153
RESISTOR 100KΩ
0805
Yageo
9C08052A1003FKHFT
R158
RESISTOR 430Ω
0805
Yageo
9C08052A4300FKHFT
R160
RESISTOR 1.4KΩ
0805
Yageo
9C08052A1401FKHFT
R161
RESISTOR 27KΩ
0805
Yageo
9C08052A2702FKHFT
R162
RESISTOR 6.2KΩ
0805
Yageo
9C08052A6201FKHFT
R157
R117, R118, R120
R121, R123, R124
R126, R127, R129
R130
RESISTOR 4.7Ω
2010
Panasonic
ERJ-12ZYJ4R7U
10
RESISTOR 0.006Ω 1% 1W
2512
Vishay
WSL25126L000FEA
4mm SMD
Bourns
3314G-1-103E
R159
R102, R103, R105
R106, R108, R109
R111, R112, R114
R115
POTENTIOMETER 10KΩ
10
RESISTOR 20Ω 1W
2512
Panasonic
ERJ-1TYJ200U
RN101
SMT
Panasonic
EXB-A10P103J
F107
SMD
Raychem
MINISMDC200-2
F108
RESISTOR NETWORK 10KΩ
RESETTABLE FUSE, POLYFUSE,
2A
RESETTABLE FUSE, POLYFUSE,
.5A
SMD
Raychem
MINISMDC050-2
L106, L107, L108,
L109, L110
INDUCTOR 0.01uH
1210
TDK
NLV32T-010J-PF
VI-6
TAV-250
Y101
6.00 MHz CRYSTAL
SMT
Citizen
HCM49-6.00
U111
IC SUPERVISOR 2.70V LOW
SOT23
Microchip Technology
MCP130T-270I/TT
U114
IC TXRX 3.3V CAN
8-SOIC
Texas Instruments
SN65HVD232D
U113
IC CAN CONTROLLER W/SPI
18-SOIC
Microchip Technology
MCP2510-I/SO
U115
IC REG SIMPLE SWITCHER
TO-263-5
National Semiconductor
LM2576HVS-5.0
U116
IC DARL TRANS ARRAY
16-SOIC
Texas Instruments
ULN2003ADR
U117
IC REG LINEAR LDO
SOT223
National Semiconductor
LM1117MP-3.3
U118
IC VOLTAGE COMVERTER
8-SOIC
National Semiconductor
LM2660M
8-SOIC
Fairchild Semiconductor
MOCD211M
SOT23-5
Texas Instruments
INA168NA
8-SOIC
Texas Instruments
OPA2340UA
D0214AA
Crydom
SMBJ30A
U109, U110
OPTOCOUPLER DUAL CHANNEL
U101, U102, U103
U104, U105
IC CURRENT MONITOR
U106, U107, U108
IC OP AMP SINGLE SUPPLY
D101, D103, D105
D107, D109, D111
DIODE TVS 30V
D102, D104, D106
D108, D110 D113,
D115, D117
DIODE LED GREEN
1206
Lumex
SML-LX1206GC-TR
D114
DIODE SCHOTTKY
SMC
International Rectifier
30BQ060
D116
DIODE RECTIFIER 1A 200V
SMA
Diodes Inc.
S1D-13
D118
DIODE SCHOTTKY 5A 50V
SMC
Diodes Inc.
B550C-13 or B550C-13F
C152
CAPACITOR 10uF 16V TANTALUM
3528
Kemet
T491B106K016AS
C156-160
CAPACITOR 22uF 35V TANTALUM
D (SMT)
Kemet
T495D226K035ASE300
S101
SWITCH DIP 7 POSITION
SMT 0.1"
CTS
219-7MST
S102
HEADER 3POS 0.1"
Through Hole
AMP/Tyco
640452-3
RL101
RELAY SPST 5VDC
SMT
Omron
G6L-1F-DC5
L101, L102, L103,
L104, L105
INDUCTOR 1.3uH
SMT
Panasonic
ETQ-P6F1R3LFA
C153, C154, C155
CAPACITOR 100uF, 10V
D (SMT)
Panasonic
ECE-V1AA101SP
U119
IC REG SIMPLE SWITCHER
TO-263-7
Texas Instruments
LM2679S-ADJ
C101, C102, C103,
C104, C105, C150
CAPACITOR 100uF 63V
G (SMT)
Panasonic
ECE-V1JA101P
BZ101
BUZZER
CUI Inc.
CT-1205C
J107
CONNECTOR 14POS HEADER
Through Hole
AMP/Tyco
103308-2
J108
Through Hole
Keystone
7701
J105,J106
CONNECTOR SCREW TERMINAL
CONNECTOR MODULAR JACK 8
VERTICAL
Through Hole
AMP/Tyco
5556416-1
F101, F102, F103,
F104, F105, F106
FUSE AND FUSE HOLDER 42V
MINI
Through Hole
Littelfuse
02970xx.WXNV and
01530008Z
J103
CONNECTOR 5POS HEADER
Through Hole
AMP/Tyco
3-644695-5
J102
CONNECTOR, 2 PART 0.3" 10POS
Through Hole
Weiland
25.390.4053.0
Through Hole
Weiland
25.390.3653.0
S6
Talema
SWS-2.0-150
Pulse
P0849NL
Samtec
TSW-116-18-T-S
Panasonic
ECE-V1AA102P
SMT
J101
CONNECTOR 2 PART 0.3" 6POS
L111
INDUCTOR 150uH
L112
INDUCTOR 33uH 5A 260kHz
Through Hole
J104
16 POST HEADER
Through Hole
C151
CAPACITOR 1000uF, 10V
G (SMT)
VI-7
TAV-250
Circuit:
Revision:
Coupler Conditioning
1.04
Designations
Qty
Description
Package
C201, C203, C204,
C205, C208, C209,
C212, C213, C214,
C215, C216, C217,
C218, C219, C220,
C221, C222, C223,
C224, C225, C226,
C227, C228, C229
24
C202
C206, C207
C210, C211
D201, D202
Capacitor, ceramic, 0.01uF, 50Vdc,
+/-20%
Capacitor, ceramic, 0.1uF, 50Vdc,
+/-20%
Capacitor, ceramic, 33pF, 50Vdc,
5%
Capacitor, electrolytic, 100uF, 10V,
+/-20%
Diode, TVS, 5.0Vdc, 600W,
unidirectional
D203, D204
Diode, LED, red, 2.0V
D205
Diode, rectifier, 200V, 1A
D206
J201
J202
J203, J204
J205
J206, J207
Diode, zener, dual, 10V
Connector, modular, female, 4-port,
8-position, rt. angle
Connector, header, IDC, 0.1"
spacing, 14-pos
Connector, modular, female, 8position, vertical
Connector, header, 3-position, 0.1",
square post
Connector, header, vertical, 3-pos,
0.1" spacing
K201
L201, L202, L203,
L204, L205, L206,
L207, L208, L209,
L210, L211, L212
Relay, SPST, 5Vdc coil, SMT
R201
R203, R204, R207,
R208, R211, R212,
R213, R214, R217,
R218, R219, R220,
R221, R222, R223,
R224
16
Resistor, thick film, 5%, 1kohm,
1/8W
R205, R206, R209,
R210, R215, R216
RN201, RN202,
RN204
RN203
S201
U201
U202
Resistor, thick film, 5%, 10kohm,
1/8W
Resistor network, 10kohm, 8resistors, 10-terminations, bussed,
5%
Resistor network, 1kohm, 8resistors, 10-terminations, bussed,
5%
Switch, DIP, 7-position, SPST
IC, supervisor, 2.7V, internal pull-up
resistor, open drain, active low
IC, microcontroller, 16-bit, 16k X 8
program, 48 I/O, flash
Mfg. Part Number
SMD 0805
Kemet
C0805C103K5RACTU
SMD 0805
Yageo America
C0805C104M5UACTU
SMD 0805
Panasonic
ECJ-2VC1H330J
SMD 'D'
Panasonic
ECE-V1AA101SP
SMB
SMD 1206
Inductor, 0.01uH, Imax=0.45A,
DCR=0.13 omhs
Resistor, thick film, 5%, 100ohm,
1/8W
12
Manufacturer
General Semiconductor
SMBJ5.0A-13
Lumex
SML-LX1206IW-TR
SMA
Diodes Inc.
S1D-13
SOT-23
Diodes Inc.
AZ23C10-7-F
Through Hole
AMP/Tyco
557562-1
Through Hole
AMP/Tyco
103308-2
Through Hole
AMP/Tyco
5556416-1
Through Hole
AMP/Tyco
644695-3
Through Hole
Molex
22-02-2035
SMT
Omron
G6L-1F-DC5
SMD 1210
KOA
KL32TE010K
SMD 0805
Panasonic
ERJ-6GEYJ101V
SMD 0805
Panasonic
ERJ-6GEYJ102V
SMD 0805
Panasonic
ERJ-6GEYJ103V
SMD 2512
Panasonic
EXB-A10P103J
SMD 2512
Panasonic
EXB-A10P102J
SMD 0.1"
CTS
219-7MST
SOT-23
Microchip Technology
MCP130T-270I/TT
64-QFP
Texas Instruments
MSP430F135IPM
VI-8
TAV-250
U203
IC, CAN transceiver, 3.3V
SOIC-8
Texas Instruments
SN65HVD232D
U204
IC, CAN controller, industrial temp, 3
transmit buffers, 2 receive buffers
18-SOIC
Microchip Technology
MCP2510-I/S0
U205, U206, U207,
U208, U209
IC, optoisolator, dual, transistor o/p,
Vceo=30V
SOIC-8
Fairchild
MOCD211M
U210
IC, buffer, Darlington, array
SOIC-16
Texas Instruments
ULN2003ADR
U211, U214
IC, op-amp, dual, single supply
SOIC-8
Texas Instruments
OPA2340UA
U212
SOIC-8
Texas Instruments
TLV5625CD
U213
SOT-23
National Semiconductor
LM4040BIM3-2.5
SMT
Murata
PVG5A202C01R00
SMT
Citizen
HCM49-6.00
VR201, VR202
IC, DAC, dual, 8-bit, serial
IC, voltage reference, 2.50V, +/0.2%
Potentiometer, 2kohm, 11-turn,
5mm, top
Y201
Crystal, 6.000MHz
VI-9
TAV-250
Circuit:
Revision:
RF Conditioning
1.05
Designations
Qty
C301, C306, C311
C302, C303, C305,
C312, C320
C304
C307, C308, C310
C309
C313, C314, C315,
C316, C317, C318,
C319
D301
Description
Package
Capacitor, ceramic, 0.1uF, 50Vdc,
+/-20%
Manufacturer
Mfg. Part Number
SMD 0805
Yageo America
C0805C104M5UACTU
SMD 0805
Kemet
C0805C103M5RACTU
SMD 0805
Panasonic
ECJ-2VB1H223K
SMD 0805
Kemet
C0805C102K5RACTU
SMD 0805
Panasonic
ECJ-2VC1H331J
Diodes Inc.
SMBJ30A-13
Capacitor, ceramic, 0.01uF, 50Vdc,
+/-20%
Capacitor, ceramic, 0.022uF, 50Vdc,
+/-10%
Capacitor, ceramic, 1000pF, 50Vdc,
+/-10%
Capacitor, ceramic, 330pF, 50Vdc,
+/-10%
DNS
SMD 0805
Diode, TVS, 30V, 600W
SMB
D302
Diode, LED, green, Vf=2.2V
SMD 1206
Lumex
SML-LX1206GW-TR
D303, D304, D305,
D306, D307
Diode, LED, red, Vf=2.0V
SMD 1206
Lumex
SML-LX1206IW-TR
D308
Diode, ultrafast
Fairchild Semiconductor
MMBD914
D309, D310
F301
Littelfuse
MINISMDC014-2
J301
Wieland
25.350.3253.0
J301
25.340.3253.0
PCB End
Launch
Wieland
J302, J303
DNS
Fuse, resettable, miniSMD, Ihold =
0.14A, Itrip = 0.34A
Connector, terminal block, header,
2-position, straight
Connector, terminal block, plug, 2position, straight
Connector, SMA, PCB End Launch,
50-ohms
Connector, modular, female, 8position, vertical
Johnson Components
142-0701-801
PCB THT
Amp (Tyco)
5556416-1
TDK
NLV32T-010J-PF
Alberta Printed Circuits
PCB301
SMD 2512
Panasonic
ERJ-1TYJ621U
SMD 0805
Yageo America
9C08052A1001JLHFT
J304
L301
PCB301
R301
R302, R303
SOT-23
Inductor, 0.01uH
Printed circuit board, FR4, proto 2 or
equivalent
Resistor, thick film, 5%, 620ohm,
1W
TO-92
Fuse-miniSMD
PCB THT
(0.2")
1210
DNS
R304, R312, R313,
R318, R319, R322
R305, R307
Resistor, thick film, 5%, 1.0kohm,
1/8W
Resistor, thick film, 1%, 130ohm,
1/8W
SMD 0805
Yageo America
9C08052A1300FKHFT
R308, R309, R314,
R315, R320
Resistor, thick film, 5%, 1.2kohm,
1/8W
SMD 0805
Yageo America
9C08052A1201JLHFT
R310, R311, R316,
R317, R321
Resistor, thick film, 5%, 10kohm,
1/8W
SMD 0805
Panasonic
9C08052A1002JLHFT
R323
Resistor, 100ohm, 1/8W
SMD 0805
Yageo America
9C08052A1000FKHFT
R324
Resistor, 3.3ohm, 1/8W
SMD 0805
Yageo America
9C08052A3R32FGHFT
Murata
PVG5A502C01R00
R325, R326, R327,
R328, R329
DNS
SMD 0805
VR301
Potentiometer, 5kohm
SMD 5MM
VR302
DNS
SMD 5MM
VI-10
TAV-250
VR303
S301
U301
U302
Potentiometer, 200ohm
Switch, DIP, 5-position, SPST, gold
finish, sealed
IC, voltage regulator, 5V output,
500mA
SMT 5MM
CTS 219-5
SMD
SSOP-20
U303, U304, U305
IC, digital attenuator, 5-bit, 1dB LSB
IC, optoisolator, dual, transistor o/p,
Vceo=30V
U306
Directional coupler
U307
U308
IC, power detector
DNS (replace with two 0805 0ohm
resistors)
U309
DNS
TO-252
SOIC-8
TSSOP-16
Murata
PVG5A201C01R00
CTS Corporation
219-5MST
National Semiconductor
LM78M05CDT
Skyworks (Alpha)
AA110-85
Fairchild
MOCD211M
Mini-Circuits
DBTC-20-4
Analog Devices
AD8362ARU
TO-243
VI-11
TAV-250
Circuit:
Revision:
Temperature Sensor
1.02
Designations
Qty
C701
J701
J702
U701
Description
Package
Manufacturer
Mfg. Part Number
0805
Yageo
08052R104K8B20D
CAPACITOR 0.1uF 50V 10%
CONN MOD JACK 8-8 R/A PCB
50AU
SMT
Molex
44144-0003
TERMINAL SCREW VERTICAL
PC MNT
Keystone
8191
IC DIG TEMPERATURE SENSOR
8-MSOP
National Semiconductor
LM70CIMM-3
VI-12
TAV-250
Circuit:
Revision:
TxNet
1.02
Designations
Qty
Description
F601, F602, F603,
F604
Fuse, resettable, Ihold=0.14A,
Itrip=0.34A, Vmax=60V
J601, J603, J604,
J605, J606, J607,
J608, J609, J610,
J611
10
J602
Package
SMD
Manufacturer
Mfg. Part Number
Tyco
MINISMDC014-2
Connector, modular, jack, 8position, vertical, PCB mount
Tyco
5556416-1
Connector, D-sub, 25 position,
female, vertical, PCB mount
Kycon
K85-BD-25S-R
VI-13
TAV-250
Insight System Schematics
The following pages contain the schematics for the Insight system.
VI-14
TAV-250
User Interface Module
DC Supply Conditioning
Vin
J101A
L101
ETQ-P6F1R3LFA
F101
V1 Input
V1 Cond
TAC 58V
see table
SMBJ30A TV
SMBJ48A FM
J101B
D101
C101
100uF
63V
R102
20
R101
2.7k TV
4.87k FM
R103
20
D102
Green
SML-LX1206GW
L102
ETQ-P6F1R3LFA
F102
V2 Input
V2 Cond
TAC 58V
see table
SMBJ30A TV
SMBJ48A FM
J101C
D103
C102
100uF
63V
R105
20
R104
2.7k TV
4.87k FM
R106
20
D104
Green
SML-LX1206GW
L103
ETQ-P6F1R3LFA
F103
V3 Input
V3 Cond
TAC 58V
see table
SMBJ30A TV
SMBJ48A FM
J101D
D105
C103
100uF
63V
R108
20
R107
2.7k TV
4.87k FM
R109
20
D106
Green
SML-LX1206GW
L104
ETQ-P6F1R3LFA
F104
V4 Input
V4 Cond
TAC 58V
see table
SMBJ30A TV
SMBJ48A FM
J101E
D107
C104
100uF
63V
R111
20
R110
2.7k TV
4.87k FM
R112
20
D108
Green
SML-LX1206GW
L105
ETQ-P6F1R3LFA
F105
V5 Input
V5 Cond
TAC 58V
see table
SMBJ30A TV
SMBJ48A FM
D109
C105
100uF
63V
R114
20
R113
2.7k TV
4.87k FM
R115
20
D110
Green
SML-LX1206GW
F106
VgenCond
TAC 58V
tbd
SMBJ30A TV
SMBJ48A FM
D111
J101F
GND IN
Fuse Table
PA5-UHF
PA10-UHF
P50-UHF
P150-UHF
U60LD UHF
U200LD UHF
P350-FM
P750-FM
2A
3A
10 A
10 A/side
3A
7.5 A/side
15 A
15 A/side
PA25-VHF-L
PA25-VHF-H
P200-VHF-L
P200-VHF-H
P400-VHF-L
P400-VHF-H
4A
5A
15 A
15 A
15 A/side
10 A/side
A. Sivacoe, N. Hendrickson
User Interface Module
Rev
ID
TAV-250
Insight Control System
Date: April 30, 2005 Page: 1 of 9
User Interface Module
Current Monitoring
L106
0.01uH
+3.3 Vdc
C107
0.01uF
C106
0.01uF
R117
0.012
V1 Cond
J102A
V1 Out
R118
0.012
U101
INA168
I1 Buff
R119
100k
U106A
OPA2340UA
C109
0.1uF
C108
0.1uF
C110
0.1uF
C111
0.1uF
C112
0.1uF
R120
0.012
V2 Cond
J102B
V2 Out
R121
0.012
U102
INA168
I2 Buff
R122
100k
U106B
OPA2340UA
C114
0.1uF
C113
0.1uF
C115
0.1uF
C116
0.1uF
L107
0.01uH
+3.3 Vdc
C118
0.01uF
C117
0.01uF
R123
0.012
J102C
V3 Cond
V3 Out
R124
0.012
U103
INA168
I3 Buff
R125
100k
U107A
OPA2340UA
C120
0.1uF
C119
0.1uF
C121
0.1uF
C122
0.1uF
C123
0.1uF
R126
0.012
J102D
V4 Cond
V4 Out
U104
INA168
R127
0.012
I4 Buff
R128
100k
U107B
OPA2340UA
C125
0.1uF
C124
0.1uF
C126
0.1uF
C127
0.1uF
A. Sivacoe, N. Hendrickson
User Interface Module
Rev
ID
TAV-250
Insight Control System
Date: April 30, 2005 Page: 2 of 9
User Interface Module
Voltage/Current Monitoring
L108
0.01uH
+3.3 Vdc
R129
0.012
R130
0.012
V5 Out
U105
INA168
I5 Buff
R131
100k
U108A
OPA2340UA
C131
0.1uF
C130
0.1uF
C132
0.1uF
C133
0.1uF
C134
0.1uF
R134
R132
V1 ADC
Vin
37.4k - TV
68.1k - FM
J102E
V5 Cond
C128
0.01uF
C129
0.01uF
249k
R133
3.3k
U108B
OPA2340UA
C135
0.1uF
R135
249k
I1 Buff
I1 ADC
C136
0.1uF
R136
249k
I2 Buff
I2 ADC
C137
0.1uF
R137
249k
I3 Buff
I3 ADC
C138
0.1uF
R138
249k
I4 Buff
I4 ADC
C139
0.1uF
R139
249k
I5 Buff
I5 ADC
C140
0.1uF
Membrane Switch Inputs
+3 Vdc
R140 R141
10k 10k
U109
R142 R143
1k
1k MOCD211M
R144 R145
10k 10k
J103D
Pow-IN
J103A
Nav-IN
P1
P2
P3
P4
Pow-uPC
P8
P7
P6
P5
Nav-uPC
+3 Vdc
U110
R146 R147 R148 R149
10k 10k
1k
1k MOCD211M
R150 R151
10k 10k
J103B
Sel-IN
J103E
Res-IN
Sel-uPC
P1
P2
P3
P4
P8
P7
P6
P5
RESET
A. Sivacoe, N. Hendrickson
J103C
GND
User Interface Module
Rev
ID
TAV-250
Insight Control System
Date: April 30, 2005 Page: 3 of 9
User Interface Module
Microcontroller
U111
MCP130
L109
0.01uH
+3.3 Vdc
C141
0.01uF
RESET
Reset
GND
Vcc
C142
0.01uF
TCK
TMS
TDI
TDO
C143
0.1uF
CAN CLK
I1 ADC
LED1
I2 ADC
Buzzer
I3 ADC
BkLtCtrl
I4 ADC
I5 ADC
Pin15LCD
J104
V1 ADC
P64 AVcc
P63 DVss
P62 AVss
P61 A2
P60 A1
P59 A0
P58 RST
P57 TCK
P56 TMS
P55 TDI
P54 TDO
P53
P52
P51
P50
P49
LED A
C144
0.1uF
LED K
LCD D7
LCD D6
LCD D5
DVcc P1
A3 P2
A4 P3
A5 P4
A6 P5
A7 P6
P7
Xin P8
Xout P9
P10
P11
P1 0 P12
P1 1 P13
P14
P15
P16
C146
30pF
C147
30pF
Y101
6.00MHZ
C145
tbd
P48 MCLK
P47
P46
P45
P44
P43
P42
P41
P40
P39
P38
P37
P36
P35
P34
P33
U112
MSP430F133
LCD D4
LCD D3
LCD D2
LCD D1
LCD D0
LCD E
LCD R/*W
LCD RS
LCD Vo
P17
P18
P19
P20
P21
P2 2 P22
P23
P24
P25
P26
P27
P28
SIMO0 P29
SOMI0 P30
UCLK0 P31
P32
LCD Vdd
Pow-uPC
LCD Vss
+5 Vdc
Pin3LCD
Nav-uPC
Sel-uPC
SCK
- DIP SWITCH 7,6,5 SET ID
- DIP SWITCH 2 SETS CALIBRATION MODE
- DIP SWITCH 1 ENABLES CAN BUS TERMINATION
SOMI
SIMO
CAN CS
S101
+3.3 Vdc
A. Sivacoe, N. Hendrickson
CANterm1
User Interface Module
CANterm2
RN101
10k
Rev
ID
TAV-250
Insight Control System
Date: April 30, 2005 Page: 4 of 9
User Interface Module
J105D
+5Vdc
+5V-1
J106D
CAN and Programmer Interface
+5V-2
J105F
+3.3Vdc
+3.3V-1
J106F
+3.3V-2
J105E
GND-1
J106E
GND-2
L110
0.01uH
J106A
RESET
RESET-2
+3.3Vdc
C148
0.01uF
J105H
C149
0.01uF
CANH-1
J106H
CANH-2
U114
SN65HV232
D P1
GND P2
Vcc P3
R P4
J105G
CANL-1
J106G
P8
P7 CANH
P6 CANL
P5
U113
CAN CLK
TXCAN P1
RXCAN P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
OSC1 P9
Vss P10
CANL-2
CANterm1
P20 Vdd
P19 RESET
P18 CS
P17 SO
P16 SI
P15
P14 SCK
P13
P12
P11
R152
100
CANterm2
RESET
MCP2510
SCK
SIMO
SOMI
CAN CS
R153
100k
J107
JTAG header
TDO
TDI
+3.3Vdc
TMS
TCK
A. Sivacoe, N. Hendrickson
User Interface Module
Rev
ID
TAV-250
Insight Control System
Date: April 30, 2005 Page: 5 of 9
User Interface Module
Power Supplies
U115
LM2576S-5.0
F107
+5 Vdc
Gnd
Vin
C150
100uF
L111
100uH
Littlefuse 1812L
R154
tbd
Vout
VgenCond
On/Off
Feedbk
D114
30BQ060
U116
ULN2003
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
LED1
Buzzer
BkLtCtrl
R156
10k
C151
1000uF
D113
Green
SML-LX1206GW
P16
P15
P14
P13
P12
P11
P10
P9
D116
S1D-13
D115
+5V LED
R155
1k
RL101
G6L-1F 5Vdc
BZ101
R157
4.7
Pin15LCD
+5 Vdc
U117
LM1117MP-3.3
IN
C152
10uF
10V tantalum
F108
+3.3 Vdc
OUT
Littlefuse 1812L
C153
100uF
COM
R158
430
D117
+3.3V LED
U118
LM2660M
P1
P2
P3
P4
P8
P7
P6
P5
C154
100uF
Pin3LCD
S102
R159
10k 40%
C155
100uF
R160
1.4k
R161
27k
VgenCond
C157
22uF
C158
22uF
C161
0.1uF
Rads
C156
22uF
Gnd
Vin
SoftStart
LM2679 U119
Feedbk
Cboost
R162
6.2k
C163
0.01uF
L112
33uH
J108
FanOut
Vout
C162
1uF
C159
22uF
D118
DIODE
C160
22uF
A. Sivacoe, N. Hendrickson
User Interface Module
Rev
ID
TAV-250
Insight Control System
Date: April 30, 2005 Page: 6 of 9
Coupler Conditioning Module
Microcontroller
U201
MCP130
+3.3 Vdc
RESET
Reset
GND
Vcc
TCK
TMS
TDI
TDO
C201
0.01uF
C202
0.1uF
L201
0.01uH
C203
0.01uF
L202
0.01uH
FWD-POW
C204
0.01uF
C205
0.01uF
P64 AVcc
P63 DVss
P62 AVss
P61 A2
P60 A1
P59 A0
P58 RST
P57 TCK
P56 TMS
P55 TDI
P54 TDO
P53
P52
P51
P50
P49
RFL-POW
DVcc P1
A3 P2
A4 P3
A5 P4
A6 P5
A7 P6
Xin P7
P8
Xout P9
P10
P11
P1 0 P12
P1 1 P13
P14
P15
P16
DRVR DIS
LED1
LED2
C206
33pF
C207
33pF
Y201
6.00MHZ
CAN CLK
P48 MCLK
P47
P46
P45
P44
P43
P42
P41
P40
P39
P38
P37
P36
P35
P34
P33
U202
MSP430F133
- DIP SWITCH 3,2,1 SET ID
- DIP SWITCH 7 ENABLES CAN
TERMINATION
S201
CANterm1
CANterm2
C208
0.01uF
L203
0.01uH
C209
0.01uF
10k
+3.3 Vdc
P17
P18
P19
P20
P21
P2 2 P22
P23
P24
P25
P26
P27
P28
SIMO0 P29
SOMI0 P30
UCLK0 P31
P32
RN201
DAC CS
SCK
+5 Vdc
SOMI
SIMO
ATEN-Vcc
CAN CS
J201a4
ATEN1
J201a2
PSU
J201a1
TEMP
ATEN2
J201a3
VSWR
ATEN3
J201a5
OVERDRV
ATEN4
ATEN5
J201a7
J201b2
SOFT RES
J201b4
J201b3
CAR ON
J201b8
CAR OFF
J201b1
CAR UP
TMP VCC
TMP SCK
TMP SO
TMP CS
TMP GND
CAR DOWN
N. Hendrickson, A. Sivacoe
Coupler Conditioning
TAV-250
Rev
ID
1.04
Insight Control System
Date: June 17, 2005 Page: 1 of 4
Coupler Conditioning Module
CAN and Programmer Interface
+5Vdc
C210
100uF
J201c4
D201
+5V-1
J201d4
+5V-2
J201c6
+3.3Vdc
+3.3V-1
C211
100uF
J201d6
D202
+3.3V-2
J201c2
GND-1
J201d2
GND-2
L204
0.01uH
J201c1
+3.3Vdc
RESET
C212
0.01uF
RESET-1
C213
0.01uF
J201c8
CANH-1
J201d8
CANH-2
U203
SN65HV232
D P1
GND P2
Vcc P3
R P4
J201c7
CANL-1
J201d7
P8
P7 CANH
P6 CANL
P5
U204
CANL-2
CANterm1
R201
100
CANterm2
CAN CLK
MCP2510
RESET
SCK
SIMO
SOMI
CAN CS
TDO
J202
JTAG header
TDI
+3.3Vdc
TMS
TCK
N. Hendrickson, A. Sivacoe
Coupler Conditioning
TAV-250
Rev
ID
1.04
Insight Control System
Date: June 17, 2005 Page: 2 of 4
Coupler Conditioning Module
+3.3 Vdc
Remote Access Port
U205
MOCD211M
+5 Vdc
P1
P2
P3
P4
R207
1k
R208
1k
J204
U207
MOCD211M
P1
P2
P3
P4
P8
P7
P6
P5
R209
10k
P8
P7
P6
P5
CAR DOWN
RN RN RN RN
202 202 203 203
10k 10k 1k 1k
CAR UP
U208
MOCD211M
PSU
CAR ON
RN RN
202 202
10k 10k
R206
10k
J203
TEMP
CAR OFF
R205
10k
R204
1k
RN RN RN RN
202 202 203 203
10k 10k 1k 1k
R203
1k
P8
P7
P6
P5
VSWR
P1
P2
P3
P4
OVERDRV
P8
P7
P6
P5
P1
P2
P3
P4
U206
MOCD211M
RN RN
202 202
10k 10k
R210
10k
U209
MOCD211M
RFL-OUT
SOFT RES
RESET
P8
P7
P6
P5
P1
P2
P3
P4
FWD-OUT
RN RN RN RN
204 204 203 203
10k 10k 1k 1k
RN
204
10k
R211
1k
DRVR DIS
LED1
LED2
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
R212
1k
D203
U210
ULN2003
+5 Vdc
+3.3 Vdc
D204
L205
0.01uH
P16
P15
P14
P13
P12
P11
P10
P9
R213
1k
J201
DISABLE
b7
C214
0.01uF
C215
0.01uF
D205
K201
J205
N. Hendrickson, A. Sivacoe
Coupler Conditioning
TAV-250
Rev
ID
1.04
Insight Control System
Date: June 17, 2005 Page: 3 of 4
Coupler Conditioning Module
RF Power Output
C216
0.01uF
L206
0.01uH
C217
0.01uF
+5 Vdc
U211A
OPA2340UA
R214
1k
SIMO
FWD-OUT
DAC CS
P1
P2
P3
P4
1 3
U212
TLV5625
P8
P7
P6
P5
D206A
RFL-OUT
U211B
OPA2340UA
U213
LM4040-2.5
R215
10k
1 2
SCK
D206B
R216
10k
Coupler Input
L207
L208
0.01uH
0.01uH
+5Vdc
+3.3 Vdc
C218
0.01uF
C219
0.01uF
C220
0.01uF
C221
0.01uF
R217
1k
J206A
FWD-GND
J206B
FWD-5V
J206C
FWD-IN
L209
U214A
OPA2340UA
0.01uH
C222
0.01uF
C223
0.01uF
L210
0.01uH
R218
FWD-POW
1k
R219
1k
C224
0.01uF
VR201
R220
1k
R221
1k
J207A
RFL-GND
C225
0.01uF
J207B
RFL-5V
J207C
RFL-IN
L211
RFL-POW
0.01uH
C226
0.01uF
L212
0.01uH
R222
C227
0.01uF
R223
1k
U214B
OPA2340UA
1k
C228
0.01uF
VR202
C229
0.01uF
R224
1k
N. Hendrickson, A. Sivacoe
Coupler Conditioning
TAV-250
Rev
ID
1.04
Insight Control System
Date: June 17, 2005 Page: 4 of 4
J301
F301
U301
R301
PSU In
IN
L301
+5 Vdc
OUT
COM
R302
R304
D301
Ground
C301
R303
J301
C302
C303
D302
CTL 1dB
U302
Alpha 110-85
RF 2
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
CTL 2dB
P20
P19
P18
P17
P16
P15
P14
P13
P12
P11
CTL 4dB
CTL 8dB
CTL 16dB
C304
C305
J303
+5 Vdc
RF OUT
C306
Ext 5Vdc
J304 4
+5 Vdc
S301
2dB in
1dB in
S301
J304 2
U303
P1
P2
P3
P4
J304 1
P8
P7
P6
P5
R308 R309
S301
8dB in
4dB in
S301
CTL 2dB
CTL 1dB
R310 R311
R312
R313
D303
D304
U304
J304 5
P1
P2
P3
P4
J304 3
P8
P7
P6
P5
R314 R315
S301
CTL 8dB
CTL 4dB
R316 R317
R318
R319
D305
D306
Shutdown
U305
D308
J304 7
16dB in
P1
P2
P3
P4
R320
P8
P7
P6
P5
CTL 16dB
R321
R322
D307
A. Sivacoe, N. Hendrickson
RF Conditioning Module
TAV-250
Rev
ID
1.04
Insight Control System
Date: Sept. 19, 2005 Page: 1 of 2
U306
DBTC-20-4
RF 1
RF 2
DIR. COUPLER
R324
U307
AD8362
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
C307
R323
C310
P16
P15
P14
P13
P12
P11
P10
P9
C308
DIP16
Shutdown
C320
RF IN
R305
VR303
VR301
C309
U308
SAGE WIRE -HCT2
J302
+5 Vdc
C311
C312
RF 1
R307
HYBRID COUPLE
C314
C313
R325
R326
D309
D310
R327
U309
78L20
PSU In
IN
C316
C315
R329
R328
OUT
VR302
COM
C317
C318
C319
A. Sivacoe, N. Hendrickson
RF Conditioning Module
TAV-250
Rev
ID
1.04
Insight Control System
Date: Sept. 19, 2005 Page: 2 of 2
Temperature Sensor
DRV DIS
TMP SO
TMP SCK
TMP GND
TMP VCC
TMP CS
J1G
U1
LM70
J1C
P1
P2
P3
P4
J1D
J1A
J1B
J1H
P8
P7
P6
P5
C1
1uF
J2
TMP VCC
N. Hendrickson, A. Sivacoe
Temperature Sensor Board
TAV-250
Rev
ID
1.02
Insight Control System
Date: May 8, 2005
Page: 1 of 1
PSUflag
J601
RFL samp
TEMPflag
FWD samp
VSWRflag
ODRVflag
ground
CAR on
J603
F602
J602
13
12
11
10
CAR off
CAR up
+5 Vdc
CAR down
+3.3 Vdc
Soft RES
RESET
F604
OUT 1
IN 2
OUT 2
IN 3
OUT 3
IN 4
OUT 4
IN 5
OUT 5
IN 6
OUT 6
IN 7
OUT 7
IN 8
OUT 8
OUT 1
IN 2
OUT 2
IN 3
OUT 3
IN 4
OUT 4
IN 5
OUT 5
IN 6
OUT 6
IN 7
OUT 7
IN 8
OUT 8
OUT 1
IN 2
OUT 2
IN 3
OUT 3
IN 4
OUT 4
IN 5
OUT 5
IN 6
OUT 6
IN 7
OUT 7
IN 8
OUT 8
J609
OUT 1
IN 2
OUT 2
IN 3
OUT 3
IN 4
OUT 4
IN 5
OUT 5
IN 6
OUT 6
IN 7
OUT 7
IN 8
OUT 8
IN 1
J610
J607
IN 1
J608
J605
IN 1
J606
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
F603
IN 1
J604
F601
J611
TxNET
Rev
ID
1.02
TAV-250
Date: Dec. 5, 2005 Page: 1 of 1
Section VII – Mechanical Section
The heat sink allows the amplifiers to operate at a cooler temperature and prevents overheating,
which helps the longevity of the entire system. The heat sink has hollow fins, which help dissipate
the heat from the amplifiers faster than a conventional serrated or corrugated fin.
In addition to the cooling effects of the heat sink, within the 250-watt power amplifier enclosure,
there are two fans that each provide 170 cubic feet per minute (CFM) of air flow (into zero static
pressure). There is one fan mounted at the front of the heat sink and one mounted at the back end
of the heat sink. The fans are mounted at each end to produce the best cooling for the system and
are operating in a push-pull configuration to assist with heat dissipation. The fans are a 24Vdc
variety, so there are series dropping resistors to drop the higher power supply voltage down to a
safe level.
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Section VIII - Installation
This section contains installation recommendations, unpacking, inspection, and installation
instructions for the power amplifier. We are sure that you are chomping at the bit to install your new
system, so we recommend that you read the following sections very carefully.
Building Recommendations
The quality of the building is of great importance if you are to expect long life and continued
performance from the power amplifier. The building must be clean, dry, temperature controlled and
secure. Don’t forget to allow space in the building for any additional racks to house test equipment,
a workbench area, line regulating transformers, ladders, equipment and parts storage, first aid kit,
emergency generator if used, as well as heating and cooling devices that may be unique to your
installation. A sloping roof will tend to develop leaks less rapidly. The building should be well roofed
with good material. The cooling load will be lowered with reflective or light colored roofing material.
Technalogix Ltd.
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Heating and Cooling Requirements
The environment’s temperature will contribute greatly to the length of the power amplifier’s life.
Technalogix recommends that the building’s filtered air intake must have capacity for all air-flow in
the building plus an additional 20%. Keep the intake below the roofline to avoid intake of solar
heated air. Please ensure that the intake and exhaust areas are on the same side of the building to
avoid pressure differentials during windy conditions. Also, do not position intake near exhaust’s
preheated air. If air conditioning is required to cool the shelter, discuss the situation with a qualified
HVAC technician. Under average conditions, 12,000 BTUs will cool approximately 500 square feet
to a comfortable level.
Technalogix Ltd.
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Electrical Service Recommendations
Technalogix recommends that a qualified, licensed local electrician be consulted for the required
electrical service. We suggest local electricians because:
• The personnel knows the local codes
• The personnel can be on site readily
• You are apt to get better overall support if you give what business you can to local suppliers
Technalogix recommends that proper AC line conditioning and surge suppression be provided on
the primary AC input to the power amplifier. All electrical service should be installed with your
national electrical code in your area, any applicable provincial or state codes, and good engineering
practice. Special consideration should be given to lightning protection of all systems in view of the
vulnerability of most transmitter or translator sites to lightning. Lightning arrestors are recommended
in the service entrance. Straight and short grounds are recommended. The electrical serviced must
be well grounded. Do not connect the unit to an open delta primary power supply, as voltage
fluctuations could harm the unit. Branch your circuits. Do not allow your lights, your workbench
plugs, and your transmitting or translating equipment to operate on one circuit breaker. Each
transmitter or translator should have its own circuit breaker, so a failure in one does not shut off the
whole installation.
Technalogix Ltd.
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Antenna and Tower Recommendations
Your preliminary engineering workgroup should establish your antenna and tower requirements,
both for receiving and transmitting antennas. Construction of sturdy, high quality antenna/tower
systems will pay off in terms of coverage of your service area, the overall quality and saleability of
your radiated signal, and reduced maintenance expenses. Technalogix provides complete turnkey
antenna systems if needed. If your site is serving as a translator, your receiving antenna should be
in line of sight to the originating station all year round. The foliage will change with season.
Transmitting antennas can enhance or seriously impair the transmitter/translator output.
The selection, routing, and length of coaxial cable are extremely important in the installation. If there
is a 3 dB line loss in the cable between your unit’s output and the transmitting antenna, a 250-watt
unit will only deliver 125 watts to the antenna. Buy the best cable you can obtain, route it via the
shortest way to the antenna, and keep it straight. Do not form it into sharp bends on its way. Do not
use any more cable fittings for the installation than absolutely necessary. All cautions here apply
equally to all coaxial cables in the system - input and output.
Pay attention to radial ice accumulation when designing the transmission system. It is not
uncommon for at least an inch of ice to build up on the tower and antenna. This in turn significantly
increases the weight, cross section, and wind loading of the system.
Attaching the transmission line to the tower is crucial to maintain a safe and reliable operation.
Nylon wire ties and electrical tape will breakdown in the sunlight and ultimately fail, creating a
potentially dangerous situation. It is important to use proper clamps and hoisting grips and also
ensure that the transmission line is grounded to the tower in several locations. When high currents
flow through the tower in the event of lightening strikes, some of that current will through the outer
conductors of the transmission lines. Due to the resistance difference between the steel tower and
copper transmission line, a significant voltage can be developed, often resulting in arcing between
the outer jacket and outer conductor, thus pitting the conductor.
Preventative maintenance is crucial in ensuring that safety is maintained. Specifically, check that
transmission line grounds are tight and are not missing any hardware. Frequently inspect support
clamps or spring hangers. Consider investing in an ice break, if you haven’t already done so, as
shards of falling ice can damage the transmission line – and if it is going to happen, it will happen at
an important time. Check the tower light photocells and conduit.
The better-known tower manufacturers offer complete technical and safety documentation with their
towers. Be sure that you have this information as it regards wind loading, guying, etc. The bestdesigned antenna system will function poorly if shortcuts and compromises are used during
installation. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions exactly, along with any engineering data
prepared for the site. Be absolutely safe and certain about this aspect as human lives may be at
stake.
Technalogix Ltd.
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Shelter Security
The FCC requires that the transmitter or translator be secure from entry or control by unauthorized
persons, and that any hazardous voltages or other dangers (including most tower bases) be
protected by locks or fences as necessary to protect personnel and prevent unauthorized tampering
or operation. Security of the building further implies that it be secure from wildlife. Use sturdy
construction materials, including sheet metal if necessary. Holes around conduit, cable, and other
similar entry points should be stuffed with steel wool and caulked to prevent entry of wildlife. Other
features of security for your shelter may include its location with respect to the prevailing wind
conditions. A location leeward of some natural topographical feature will prevent wind damage and
snowdrifts. Check the soil runoff conditions that may slow or hasten wind or water erosion and other
concerns that may be unique to your location.
Technalogix Ltd.
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Unpacking and Inspection
Check the outside of the container. Carefully open the container and remove the power amplifier.
Retain all packing material that can be reassembled in the event that the equipment must be
returned to the factory.
Exercise care in handling equipment during inspection to prevent damage
due to rough or careless handling.
Visually inspect the enclosure of the power amplifier for damage that may have occurred during
shipment. Check for evidence of water damage, bent or warped chassis, loose screws or nuts, or
extraneous packing material in connectors or fan failures. Inspect all connectors for bent connector
pins. If the equipment is damaged, a claim should be filed with the carrier once the extent of the
damage is assessed. Technalogix cannot stress too strongly the importance of immediate careful
inspection of the equipment and subsequent immediate filing of the necessary claims against the
carrier if necessary. If possible, inspect the equipment in the presence of the delivery person. If the
equipment is damaged, the carrier is your first area of recourse. If the equipment is damaged and
must be returned to the factory, phone for a return authorization. Claims for loss or damage may not
be withheld from any payment to Technalogix, nor may any payment due be withheld pending the
outcome thereof. Technalogix cannot guarantee the carrier’s performance.
Technalogix Ltd.
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Location and Function of Controls and Connectors (TAV-250 Power Amplifier)
The following illustration depicts the location of the connectors when installing the 250-watt power
amplifiers (TAV-250).
Technalogix Ltd.
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POWER -
Tactile button to turn carriers on and off.
NAVIGATE -
Tactile button to move between menu items, or to refresh the screen after it
has timed out.
SELECT-
Tactile button to select menu item, or to refresh the screen after it has timed
out.
RESET -
Tactile button to reset microcontroller in control board. Also clears existing
faults. The amplifier will come back on with the soft start feature.
RF IN –
RF input from modulator or processor. BNC connector, 50 ohm.
RF OUT –
100-watt RF output. Connects to inline wattmeter (not supplied) and
antenna. N connector, 50 ohm.
REMOTE PORT -
Port to monitor and control the amplifier externally. See “ Monitor and
Control” section for pin-out.
AC IN –
AC input to switching power supply.
AC BREAKER –
Resettable circuit breaker is used to protect against inrush currents and
high current draw from switching power supply. The thermal circuit
breaker is a single pole configuration.
AC ON/OFF -
AC rocker switch (SPST) to supply AC to the AC-DC switching power
supply
Technalogix Ltd.
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Initial Hook Up
1. Ensure that the antenna has been swept and has a return loss of greater than 20dB (VSWR
= 1.2:1). This should be done before connecting the antenna cable to the transmitter output.
2. Check that your video source is present.
3. Place the transmitter/translator in its permanent location near a receptacle supplying
required AC voltage.
DO NOT APPLY AC POWER AND TURN ON POWER TO THE
TRANSMITTER / TRANSLATOR AT THIS TIME SINCE THE RF OUTPUT
MUST BE PROPERLY LOADED BEFORE OPERATION.
4. Place an appropriate AC power line protector, conditioner, and/or surge suppressor across
the AC supply line.
5. Hook up the modulator or processor as shown in their respective manuals for a transmitter
or translator. Do not connect the modulated signal from the RF OUT on the modulator or
processor to RF IN on the power amplifier at this time. Because of the characteristics of
LDMOS devices, the RF drive should not be connected to the power amplifier until after the
power supply and bias voltages are present and stable.
6. Plug power amplifier into AC mains.
7. Switch AC rocker switch to “on” position.
8. Ensure that the audio modulation is set to 100% with the audio signal supplied, as
described in the appropriate modulator/processor manual (will be factory set).
9. Ensure that the video modulation level is set to 87.5% with the video signal supplied, as
described in the appropriate modulator/processor manual (will be factory set).
10. Connect the transmitting antenna cable to the RF OUT N-type connector on the power
amplifier enclosure RF output.
Technalogix Ltd.
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Section IX - Operating Procedure
Assuming the previous installation instructions have been completed and cautions noted, and the
TAV-250 power amplifier is ready to receive a properly modulated video and audio signal, proceed
with the following steps to place the system in operation. The TAV-250 power amplifier has been
factory aligned for channel frequency (per system specification), signal levels and optimum
performance.
IT IS HIGHLY RECOMMENDED THAT YOU RUN YOUR SYSTEM INTO A DUMMY LOAD
BEFORE INSTALLING TO MAKE SURE THERE ARE NO DAMAGES CAUSED IN SHIPPING AND
THE UNIT IS RUNNING PROPERLY
1. Do not apply RF drive signal to the power amplifier at this time.
2. Verify that all control and RF cables are tight and properly seated in or on the mating connector.
3. Plug the modulator or processor into AC mains.
4. Plug the 5U power amplifier enclosure into AC mains.
5. Switch AC rocker switch to “ON” position.
6. Verify that the power amplifier enclosure’s fan is on.
7. Ensure that the modulator/processor is turned on and set up according to its instructions.
Depress the POWER tactile button to turn the unit on.
8. The internal soft start circuitry will turn the bias voltages off until the power supply to the
amplifier pallets is fully stable. The message on the LCD indicates when the soft start is running.
Once complete, the Forward and Reflected Power and Power Supply readings will appear on
the LCD.
9. After the soft start is complete, apply the RF drive signal (which still should be turned down)
between the modulator or processor and the power amplifier RF In. This ensures that the RF
drive signal is applied only after the power supply is stable and the bias voltages are applied to
the amplifier.
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TAV-250
10. The TAV-250 LCD shows the user the present status of the amplifiers. Adjust RF output power
to desired level (see Important RF Power Notice in previous section). Verify that the FWD
Power reads 80% to 100% on the filter enclosure - depending on signal content. The system is
set up for 250 watts peak visual power using the sync and blanking signal and should read 100
% FWD Power on the LCD under this condition only. The output power level can be adjusted
using the modulator or processor’s RF output level adjust. Keep in mind that the system will
attenuateshould the forward RF output power level be exceeded.
11. Ideally, the RFL Power should read zero. However, should a high VSWR be detected, the
system will automatically shut down and cycle as previously described. This reading is also
displayed as a percentage of rated forward power.
12. Verify that the power supply reads approximately 30 Volts DC (see supplied final inspection
sheet for factory settings of power supply levels) on the LCD of the power amplifier.
13. Look at the transmitted output using a suitable monitor. The picture and sound quality should be
clean and sharp. If the output picture and sound quality is unsatisfactory, check the input
signals, connections to the antenna system, antenna and transmission line VSWR, and the
physical condition of the antenna.
If reception problems are encountered, and the quality of transmission is satisfactory, the difficulty is
often with the receiving antenna or with obstructions in the path between the transmitter/translator
and receiver.
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Section X – Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Periodic Maintenance
If your unit employs a filter on the air inlet for the fans, the filter should be cleaned every 30 days. If the
equipment is operated in a severe dust environment, the filters on the inlet fan may need to be cleaned
more regularly. Turn the system off and unplug all of the AC inlet cords. The filter can be lifted off the
fan and cleaned using an air compressor at low pressure. While the filter is out, clean the fan blades
themselves with a small brush. The fans themselves do not need lubrication.
The interior of the cabinets should be cleaned and inspected annually. Turn the system off and unplug
all of the AC inlet cords. Remove the top lid by unscrewing the 6-32 machine screws.
Use extreme caution when working near the AC input terminal. The power
amplifier and power supply store hazardous capacitances and voltages.
Using either compressed air or a brush with soft bristles, loosen accumulated dust and dirt and then
vacuum the interior of the cabinet. Complete a visual inspection of the interior, making sure there are
no loose connections or discolorations on any components from heat. Nothing inside the power
amplifier enclosure exceeds a temperature that is not comfortable to the touch under normal operating
conditions, so any signs of discoloration indicate potential damage.
All modular components inside the enclosure are attached to aluminium mounting plates for easy
removal and replacement. Ensure that plates are secured and the mounting hardware is tight.
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Troubleshooting
The first and most important aspect of troubleshooting anything is to be systematic. Note where you
have looked and what you found.
Look first for the obvious.
•
Make a physical inspection of the entire facility. Are all necessary connections properly made? Do
you see any signs of obvious damage within the equipment?
•
Is the AC power ‘ON’ to the site and the equipment? (Check fuses and circuit breakers if
necessary.)
•
Are all the switches in the correct operating position?
•
Is the input signal present?
•
Check LCD readings for presence of forward and reflected power and 30 V DC supply levels.
The above is an aid in determining the fault if some aspect of the system is not operating. The
following table deals with quality of operation:
Symptom
Possible Fault
Horizontal bars in picture (may
roll either way depending on
phase)
AC grounding / AC interference
Diagonal lines in picture
Correction
Install EMI/RFI filter in AC line
Ensure modulator/processor
and power amplifier share a
common ground
Install EMI/RFI filter in AC line
Determine source and
frequency of interfering signal
(spectrum analyzer may be
required)
Interference
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Symptom
Weak output or picture
Possible Fault
Low level input signal
Low output power
High reflected power
Incorrect modulation depth
Incorrect load
Correction
Verify presence and level of
input signal
Verify power amplifier output
with wattmeter and dummy load
Adjust to meet specification
Ensure amplifier connected to
transmission line
Ensure
correct
antenna
impedance (50 ohms)
Check antenna tuning and
VSWR. Verify correct cable for
transmission line length
Check all cables for visible
damage (kinks, nicks or cuts)
Check all connectors for poor
connections, water or corrosion
Check alignment of antenna
Check for physical damage of
antenna, including ice build-up
X-3
TAV-250
Thank you
for choosing
Technalogix Ltd.
TAV-250

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