Teledyne 200A Users Manual INSTRUCTION MANUAL, NITROGEN OXIDE ANALYZER

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HIGHLIGHTS
INSTRUCTION MANUAL MODEL 200A, 02246, Rev. G NITROGEN OXIDES ANALYZER

TELEDYNE

INSTRUMENTS

Advanced Pollution Instrumentation

A Teledyne Technologies Company

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

Chemiluminescent

NO/NO2/NOX ANALYZER

Model 200A

(T-API)

9480 Carroll Park Drive

San Diego, CA 92121-5201

TOLL-FREE: 800-324-5190

FAX: 858-657-9816

TEL: 858-657-9800

E-MAIL: api-sales@teledyne.com

WEB SITE: www.teledyne-api.com

Teledyne API, Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

HIGHLIGHTS

The purpose of this Highlights Page is to list the changes that were incorporated into this Manual per

DCN 5247.

Chapter / Page Number Description

Title Page  Changed Revision number and date.

 Added DCN number to footer.

Text – All Pages

 Changed Revision number and date.

 Added DCN to all footers of Text, P/N 02246G.

 Added “PRINTED DOCUMENTS ARE UNCONTROLLED” to all

footers of Instruction Manual, P/N 02246G.

TOC / x  Updated List of Figures in TOC.

3 / 3-3, 3-4  Updated Warranty Section.

8 / 8-15  Added note to replace the 5 dessicant bags if black PMT cover for

the Sensor Assembly is removed.

10 / 10-1 thru 10-7  Updated Spare Parts List, Tables 10-1 thru 10-6.

10 / 10-7, 10-8  Added Tables 10-7 and 10-8 for new Expendables Kits.

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THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

TELEDYNE

INSTRUMENTS

Advanced Pollution Instrumentation

A Teledyne Technologies Company

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

MODEL 200A

NITROGEN OXIDE ANALYZER

TELEDYNE ADVANCED POLLUTION INSTRUMENTATION

(TELEDYNE API)

9480 CARROLL PARK DRIVE

SAN DIEGO, CA 92121-5201

TOLL-FREE: 800-324-5190

FAX: 858-657-9816

TEL: 858-657-9800

E-MAIL: api-sales@teledyne.com

WEB SITE: www.teledyne-api.com

02246 REV. G

DCN 5247

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

SAFETY MESSAGES

Your safety and the safety of others is very important. We have provided many important safety

messages in this manual. Please read these messages carefully.

A safety message alerts you to potential hazards that could hurt you or others. Each safety

message is associated with a safety alert symbol. These symbols are found in the manual and

inside the instrument. The definition of these symbols is described below:

GENERAL WARNING/CAUTION: Refer to the instructions for details on the

specific danger.

CAUTION: Hot Surface Warning

CAUTION: Electrical Shock Hazard

Technician Symbol: All operations marked with this symbol are to be performed

by qualified maintenance personnel only.

Electrical Ground: This symbol inside the instrument marks the central safety

grounding point for the instrument.

CAUTION

The analyzer should only be used for the purpose

and in the manner described in this manual.

If you use the analyzer in a manner other than that for which

it was intended, unpredictable behavior could ensue with

possible hazardous consequences.

PRINTED DOCUMENTS ARE UNCONTROLLED

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

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Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SAFETY MESSAGES .......................................................................................................I

TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................III

LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................VII

LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................VIII

1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL ............................................................................... 1-1

2 GETTING STARTED ................................................................................................ 2-1

2.1 UNPACKING..................................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 ELECTRICAL AND PNEUMATIC CONNECTIONS................................................................................. 2-1

2.3 INITIAL OPERATION ........................................................................................................................ 2-6

3 SPECIFICATIONS, AGENCY APPROVALS, WARRANTY.............................. 3-1

3.1 SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................................................................. 3-1

3.2 EPA EQUIVALENCY DESIGNATION ................................................................................................. 3-2

3.3 WARRANTY..................................................................................................................................... 3-3

4 THE M200A NOX ANALYZER ................................................................................ 4-1

4.1 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ............................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 OPERATION SUMMARY.................................................................................................................... 4-3

4.2.1 Sensor Module, Reaction Cell, Detector ................................................................................4-3

4.2.2 Pneumatic Sensor Board......................................................................................................... 4-3

4.2.3 Computer Hardware and Software.......................................................................................... 4-4

4.2.4 V/F Board................................................................................................................................ 4-4

4.2.5 Front Panel.............................................................................................................................. 4-4

4.2.6 Power Supply Module ............................................................................................................ 4-6

4.2.7 Pump, Valves, Pneumatic System ..........................................................................................4-6

4.2.8 Ozone Generator ..................................................................................................................... 4-9

4.2.9 Molydbenum Converter.......................................................................................................... 4-9

5 SOFTWARE FEATURES.......................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 INDEX TO FRONT PANEL MENUS .................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1.1 Sample Menu .......................................................................................................................... 5-4

5.1.2 Set-Up Menu........................................................................................................................... 5-5

5.2 SAMPLE MODE ................................................................................................................................5-8

5.2.1 Test Functions......................................................................................................................... 5-8

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2.2 CAL, CALS, CALZ, Calibration Functions ......................................................................... 5-12 
3 SET-UP MODE............................................................................................................................... 5-14 
3.1 Configuration Information (CFG)......................................................................................... 5-14 
3.2 Automatic Calibration (AutoCal) ......................................................................................... 5-14 
3.3 Data Acquisition System (DAS)........................................................................................... 5-14 
3.4 Range Menu.......................................................................................................................... 5-16 
3.5 Password Enable ................................................................................................................... 5-20 
3.6 Time of Day Clock................................................................................................................ 5-20 
3.7 Diagnostic Mode................................................................................................................... 5-20 
3.8 Communications Menu......................................................................................................... 5-20 
3.9 Variables Menu (VARS) ...................................................................................................... 5-21 
3.10 M200A Operating Modes ................................................................................................... 5-21 
4 STATUS OUTPUT ........................................................................................................................... 5-22 
5 RS-232 INTERFACE ....................................................................................................................... 5-23 
5.1 Setting Up the RS-232 Interface........................................................................................... 5-24 
5.2 Command Summary ............................................................................................................. 5-28 
5.3 TEST Commands and Messages .......................................................................................... 5-32 
5.4 WARNING Commands and Messages................................................................................. 5-33 
5.5 CALIBRATION Commands and Messages......................................................................... 5-34 
5.6 DIAGNOSTIC Commands and Messages............................................................................ 5-36 
5.7 DAS Commands and Message.............................................................................................. 5-37 
5.8 Internal Variables.................................................................................................................. 5-39 
OPTIONAL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE....................................................... 6-1 
1 RACK MOUNT OPTIONS .................................................................................................................. 6-1 
2 ZERO/SPAN VALVES ....................................................................................................................... 6-1 
3 INTERNAL ZERO/SPAN (IZS)........................................................................................................... 6-3 
4 AUTOCAL - SETUP OF IZS AND ZERO/SPAN VALVES....................................................................... 6-3 
5 PERMEATION TUBE ......................................................................................................................... 6-5 
6 4-20 MA CURRENT LOOP OUTPUT .................................................................................................. 6-8 
CALIBRATION AND ZERO/SPAN CHECKS....................................................... 7-1 
1 MANUAL ZERO/SPAN CHECK OR CAL WITH ZERO/SPAN GAS IN THE SAMPLE PORT ...................... 7-4 
2 MANUAL ZERO/SPAN CHECK OR CALIBRATION WITH ZERO/SPAN VALVES OPTION....................... 7-6 
3 MANUAL ZERO/SPAN CHECK WITH IZS OPTION ............................................................................. 7-7 
4 AUTOMATIC ZERO/SPAN CHECK ..................................................................................................... 7-7 
5 DYNAMIC ZERO/SPAN CALIBRATION .............................................................................................. 7-7 
6 CALIBRATE ON NO2 PERMEATION TUBE ......................................................................................... 7-9 
7 USE OF ZERO/SPAN VALVES OR IZS WITH REMOTE CONTACT CLOSURE...................................... 7-11 
8 EPA PROTOCOL CALIBRATION ..................................................................................................... 7-12 
8.1 Calibration of Equipment...................................................................................................... 7-12 
8.2 Calibration Gas and Zero Air Sources.................................................................................. 7-14 
8.3 Data Recording Device......................................................................................................... 7-15 
8.4 Gas Phase Titration (GPT) System....................................................................................... 7-16 
8.5 Dynamic Multipoint Calibration Procedure ......................................................................... 7-20 
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7.8.6 Moly Converter Efficiency ................................................................................................... 7-25

7.8.7 Calibration Frequency........................................................................................................... 7-27

7.8.8 Other Quality Assurance Procedures.................................................................................... 7-27

7.8.9 Summary of Quality Assurance Checks ............................................................................... 7-29

7.8.10 ZERO and SPAN Checks ................................................................................................... 7-30

7.8.11 Recommended Standards for Establishing Traceability..................................................... 7-31

7.8.12 Certification Procedures of Working Standards ................................................................. 7-32

7.9 CALIBRATION OF INDEPENDENT RANGES OR AUTORANGING ........................................................ 7-34

7.9.1 Zero Calibration with AutoRange or Independent Range .................................................... 7-34

7.9.2 Span Calibration with AutoRange or Independent Range.................................................... 7-34

7.10 CALIBRATION QUALITY .............................................................................................................. 7-35

7.11 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 7-37

8 MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................ 8-1

8.1 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE .............................................................................................................. 8-1

8.2 REPLACING THE SAMPLE PARTICULATE FILTER.............................................................................. 8-3

8.3 REPLACING THE OZONE SCRUBBER CHARCOAL .............................................................................. 8-5

8.4 REPLACING THE PERMEATION......................................................................................................... 8-5

8.5 REPLACING THE IZS ZERO AIR SCRUBBER...................................................................................... 8-6

8.6 REPLACING THE MOLYBDENUM CONVERTER.................................................................................. 8-7

8.7 CLEANING THE REACTION CELL ..................................................................................................... 8-9

8.8 PNEUMATIC LINE INSPECTION....................................................................................................... 8-11

8.9 LEAK CHECK PROCEDURE............................................................................................................. 8-15

8.10 LIGHT LEAK CHECK PROCEDURE ................................................................................................ 8-16

8.11 PROM REPLACEMENT PROCEDURE .............................................................................................. 8-16

9 TROUBLESHOOTING, ADJUSTMENTS.............................................................. 9-1

9.1 OPERATION VERIFICATION-M200A DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES ...................................................... 9-3

9.1.1 Fault Diagnosis with TEST Variables .................................................................................... 9-3

9.1.2 Fault Diagnosis with WARNING Messages .......................................................................... 9-8

9.1.3 Fault Diagnosis Using DIAGNOSTIC Mode....................................................................... 9-11

9.1.4 M200A Internal Variables .................................................................................................... 9-18

9.1.5 Test Channel Analog Output ................................................................................................9-20

9.1.6 Factory Calibration Procedure .............................................................................................. 9-23

9.2 PERFORMANCE PROBLEMS ............................................................................................................ 9-26

9.2.1 AC Power Check................................................................................................................... 9-27

9.2.2 Flow Check ........................................................................................................................... 9-27

9.2.3 No Response to Sample ........................................................................................................ 9-28

9.2.4 Negative Output.................................................................................................................... 9-29

9.2.5 Excessive Noise .................................................................................................................... 9-29

9.2.6 Unstable Span ....................................................................................................................... 9-30

9.2.7 Unstable Zero........................................................................................................................ 9-31

9.2.8 Inability to Span.................................................................................................................... 9-31

9.2.9 Inability to Zero .................................................................................................................... 9-32

9.2.10 Non-Linear Response ......................................................................................................... 9-33

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9.2.11 Slow Response.................................................................................................................... 9-34

9.2.12 Analog Output Doesn't Agree with Display Concentration................................................ 9-34

9.3 SUBSYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING AND ADJUSTMENTS ................................................................... 9-35

9.3.1 Computer, Display, Keyboard .............................................................................................. 9-35

9.3.2 RS-232 Communications...................................................................................................... 9-38

9.3.3 Voltage/Frequency (V/F) Board ........................................................................................... 9-41

9.3.4 Status/Temp Board................................................................................................................9-47

9.3.5 Power Supply Module .......................................................................................................... 9-49

9.3.6 Ozone Generator ................................................................................................................... 9-54

9.3.7 Flow/Pressure Sensor............................................................................................................ 9-57

9.3.8 NOx Sensor Module .............................................................................................................. 9-62

9.3.9 Z/S Valves & IZS Permeation Tube Oven ...........................................................................9-66

9.3.10 Pneumatic System............................................................................................................... 9-67

10 M200A SPARE PARTS LIST................................................................................ 10-1

APPENDIX A ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS ....................................................A-1

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LIST OF FIGURES 
FIGURE 2-1:  REMOVAL OF SHIPPING SCREWS & CHECK FOR CORRECT POWER ....................................... 2-3 
FIGURE 2-2:  REAR PANEL ........................................................................................................................ 2-4 
FIGURE 2-3:  INLET AND EXHAUST VENTING ............................................................................................ 2-5 
FIGURE 2-4:  FRONT PANEL .................................................................................................................... 2-10 
FIGURE 2-5:  ASSEMBLY LAYOUT ........................................................................................................... 2-11 
FIGURE 4-1:  BLOCK DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................. 4-2 
FIGURE 4-2:  EXTERNAL PUMP PACK ........................................................................................................ 4-8 
FIGURE 5-1:  SAMPLE MENU TREE............................................................................................................ 5-2 
FIGURE 5-2:  SETUP MENU TREE............................................................................................................... 5-3 
FIGURE 6-1:  IZS OPTION - PERMEATION TUBE INSTALLATION ................................................................ 6-7 
FIGURE 7-1:  CALIBRATION SETUP ............................................................................................................ 7-3 
FIGURE 7-2:  DIAGRAM OF GPT CALIBRATION SYSTEM ......................................................................... 7-21 
FIGURE 8-1:  REPLACING THE PARTICULATE FILTER................................................................................. 8-4 
FIGURE 8-2:  MOLYBDENUM CONVERTER ASSEMBLY .............................................................................. 8-8 
FIGURE 8-3:  REACTION CELL ASSEMBLY............................................................................................... 8-10 
FIGURE 8-4:  PNEUMATIC DIAGRAM - STANDARD CONFIGURATION ....................................................... 8-12 
FIGURE 8-5:  PNEUMATIC DIAGRAM WITH ZERO/SPAN VALVE OPTION .................................................. 8-13 
FIGURE 8-6:  PNEUMATIC DIAGRAM WITH IZS OPTION .......................................................................... 8-14 
FIGURE 9-1:  SPAN CALIBRATION VOLTAGE ........................................................................................... 9-25 
FIGURE 9-2:  CPU BOARD JUMPER SETTINGS ......................................................................................... 9-36 
FIGURE 9-3:  RS-232 PIN ASSIGNMENTS................................................................................................ 9-40 
FIGURE 9-4:  V/F BOARD SETTINGS ........................................................................................................ 9-46 
FIGURE 9-5:  POWER SUPPLY MODULE LAYOUT..................................................................................... 9-51 
FIGURE 9-6:  ELECTRICAL BLOCK DIAGRAM ..........................................................................................9-52 
FIGURE 9-7:  OZONE GENERATOR SUBSYSTEM ....................................................................................... 9-56 
FIGURE 9-8:  FLOW/PRESSURE SENSOR................................................................................................... 9-59 
FIGURE 9-9:  NOX SENSOR MODULE ....................................................................................................... 9-60 
FIGURE 9-10:  NOX SENSOR MODULE ..................................................................................................... 9-61 
FIGURE 9-11:  PMT COOLER SUBSYSTEM............................................................................................... 9-63 
FIGURE 9-12:  HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY....................................................................................... 9-65 
 
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LIST OF TABLES 
TABLE 2-2-1:  REMOVAL OF SHIPPING SCREWS & CHECK FOR CORRECT POWER ..................................... 2-3 
TABLE 2-2-2:  REAR PANEL ...................................................................................................................... 2-4 
TABLE 2-2-3:  INLET AND EXHAUST VENTING .......................................................................................... 2-5 
TABLE 2-2-4:  FRONT PANEL .................................................................................................................. 2-10 
TABLE 2-2-5:  ASSEMBLY LAYOUT......................................................................................................... 2-11 
TABLE 2-2-6:  FINAL TEST AND CALIBRATION VALUES.......................................................................... 2-12 
TABLE 2-1:  FINAL TEST AND CALIBRATION VALUES (CONTINUED)....................................................... 2-13 
TABLE 4-4-1:  BLOCK DIAGRAM............................................................................................................... 4-2 
TABLE 4-4-2:  FRONT PANEL STATUS LED'S............................................................................................ 4-5 
TABLE 4-4-3:  EXTERNAL PUMP PACK ...................................................................................................... 4-8 
TABLE 4-4-4:  OZONE GENERATOR START-UP TIMING .............................................................................4-9 
TABLE 5-5-1:  SAMPLE MENU TREE.......................................................................................................... 5-2 
TABLE 5-5-2:  SETUP MENU TREE ............................................................................................................ 5-3 
TABLE 5-5-3:  M200A SAMPLE MENU STRUCTURE ..................................................................................5-4 
TABLE 5-5-4:  M200A SETUP MENU STRUCTURE..................................................................................... 5-5 
TABLE 5-5-5:  M200A MENU STRUCTURE - SETUP MENU #2................................................................... 5-6 
TABLE 5-5-6:  M200A MENU STRUCTURE - SETUP MENU #3................................................................... 5-6 
TABLE 5-5-7:  DAS DATA CHANNEL EDITING........................................................................................ 5-16 
TABLE 5-5-8:  CALIBRATE, SETUP PASSWORDS ...................................................................................... 5-20 
TABLE 5-5-9:  M200A OPERATING MODES ............................................................................................ 5-22 
TABLE 5-5-10:  STATUS OUTPUT PIN ASSIGNMENTS .............................................................................. 5-23 
TABLE 5-5-11:  RS-232 PORT SETUP - FRONT PANEL ............................................................................. 5-25 
TABLE 5-5-12:  RS-232 SWITCHING FROM TERMINAL MODE TO COMPUTER MODE .............................. 5-26 
TABLE 5-5-13:  RS-232 TERMINAL MODE EDITING KEYS ...................................................................... 5-26 
TABLE 5-5-14:  RS-232 COMMAND SUMMARY....................................................................................... 5-29 
TABLE 5-5-15:  RS-232 COMMAND SUMMARY....................................................................................... 5-30 
TABLE 5-5-16:  RS-232 INTERFACE COMMAND TYPES........................................................................... 5-31 
TABLE 5-5-17:  RS-232 TEST MESSAGES ............................................................................................... 5-32 
TABLE 5-5-18:  RS-232 WARNING MESSAGES ....................................................................................... 5-33 
TABLE 5-5-19:  RS-232 CALIBRATION COMMANDS................................................................................ 5-34 
TABLE 5-5-20:  RS-232 CALIBRATION EXAMPLES.................................................................................. 5-35 
TABLE 5-5-21:  RS-232 CALIBRATION MESSAGES.................................................................................. 5-36 
TABLE 5-5-22:  RS-232 DIAGNOSTIC COMMAND SUMMARY .................................................................. 5-37 
TABLE 6-6-1:  ZERO/SPAN VALVE OPERATION......................................................................................... 6-2 
TABLE 6-6-2:  IZS SEQUENCE MODES ...................................................................................................... 6-3 
TABLE 6-6-3:  IZS SEQUENCE ATTRIBUTES ..............................................................................................6-4 
TABLE 6-6-4:  IZS SEQUENCE EXAMPLE................................................................................................... 6-4 
TABLE 6-6-5:  EXAMPLE OF AUTOCAL SETUP .......................................................................................... 6-5 
TABLE 6-6-6:  IZS OPTION - PERMEATION TUBE INSTALLATION .............................................................. 6-7 
TABLE 7-7-1:  TYPES OF ZERO/SPAN CHECK AND CALIBRATION ..............................................................7-2 
TABLE 7-7-2:  CALIBRATION SETUP.......................................................................................................... 7-3 
TABLE 7-7-3:  MANUAL ZERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE - ZERO GAS THRU SAMPLE PORT ................... 7-4 
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TABLE 7-7-4:  ENTER EXPECTED SPAN GAS CONCENTRATIONS PROCEDURE ........................................... 7-5 
TABLE 7-7-5:  MANUAL SPAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE - SPAN GAS THRU SAMPLE PORT .................... 7-5 
TABLE 7-7-6:  MANUAL ZERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE - Z/S VALVES ................................................. 7-6 
TABLE 7-7-7:  MANUAL SPAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE - Z/S VALVES ................................................. 7-6 
TABLE 7-7-8:  ENABLING DYNAMIC ZERO/SPAN ...................................................................................... 7-8 
TABLE 7-7-9:  ENABLING CAL-ON-NO2 ............................................................................................... 7-10 
TABLE 7-7-10:  IZS OR Z/S VALVES MODES WITH REMOTE CONTACT CLOSURE................................... 7-11 
TABLE 7-7-11:  ACTIVITY MATRIX FOR CALIBRATION EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES................................. 7-13 
TABLE 7-7-12:  ACTIVITY MATRIX FOR CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ....................................................... 7-14 
TABLE 7-7-13:  DIAGRAM OF GPT CALIBRATION SYSTEM ..................................................................... 7-21 
TABLE 7-7-14:  ZERO CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ................................................................................... 7-22 
TABLE 7-7-15:  EXPECTED SPAN GAS CONCENTRATION PROCEDURE..................................................... 7-23 
TABLE 7-7-16:  SPAN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ................................................................................... 7-23 
TABLE 7-7-17:  AUTOMATIC CALCULATION OF CONVERTER EFFICIENCY .............................................. 7-26 
TABLE 7-7-18:  DEFINITION OF LEVEL 1 AND LEVEL 2 ZERO AND SPAN CHECKS ................................... 7-28 
TABLE 7-7-19:  ACTIVITY MATRIX FOR DATA QUALITY ........................................................................ 7-29 
TABLE 7-7-20:  NIST-SRM'S AVAILABLE FOR TRACEABILITY OF CALIBRATION AND AUDIT GAS 
STANDARDS..................................................................................................................................... 7-32 
TABLE 7-7-21:  CALIBRATION QUALITY CHECK ..................................................................................... 7-36 
TABLE 8-8-1:  PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE ........................................................................ 8-1 
TABLE 8-8-2:  PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE ........................................................................ 8-2 
TABLE 8-8-3:  REPLACING THE PARTICULATE FILTER ..............................................................................8-4 
TABLE 8-8-4:  MOLYBDENUM CONVERTER ASSEMBLY ............................................................................ 8-8 
TABLE 8-8-5:  REACTION CELL ASSEMBLY............................................................................................. 8-10 
TABLE 8-8-6:  PNEUMATIC DIAGRAM - STANDARD CONFIGURATION ..................................................... 8-12 
TABLE 8-8-7:  PNEUMATIC DIAGRAM WITH ZERO/SPAN VALVE OPTION................................................ 8-13 
TABLE 8-8-8:  PNEUMATIC DIAGRAM WITH IZS OPTION ........................................................................ 8-14 
TABLE 9-9-1:  TEST FUNCTIONS................................................................................................................ 9-4 
TABLE 9-1:  TEST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED) ............................................................................................9-5 
TABLE 9-1:  TEST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED) ............................................................................................9-6 
TABLE 9-1:  TEST FUNCTIONS (CONTINUED) ............................................................................................9-7 
TABLE 9-9-2:  FRONT PANEL WARNING MESSAGES ................................................................................. 9-9 
TABLE 9-2:  FRONT PANEL WARNING MESSAGES (CONTINUED) ............................................................ 9-10 
TABLE 9-9-3:  SUMMARY OF DIAGNOSTIC MODES.................................................................................. 9-12 
TABLE 9-9-4:  DIAGNOSTIC MODE - SIGNAL I/O..................................................................................... 9-13 
TABLE 9-4:  DIAGNOSTIC MODE - SIGNAL I/O (CONTINUED).................................................................. 9-14 
TABLE 9-4:  DIAGNOSTIC MODE - SIGNAL I/O (CONTINUED).................................................................. 9-15 
TABLE 9-4:  DIAGNOSTIC MODE - SIGNAL I/O (CONTINUED).................................................................. 9-16 
TABLE 9-9-5:  MODEL 200A INTERNAL VARIABLES ...............................................................................9-20 
TABLE 9-9-6:  TEST CHANNEL READINGS............................................................................................... 9-21 
TABLE 9-6:  TEST CHANNEL READINGS (CONTINUED)............................................................................ 9-22 
TABLE 9-9-7:  SPAN CALIBRATION VOLTAGE ......................................................................................... 9-25 
TABLE 9-9-8:  CPU BOARD JUMPER SETTINGS ....................................................................................... 9-36 
TABLE 9-9-9:  RS-232 PIN ASSIGNMENTS.............................................................................................. 9-40 
TABLE 9-9-10:  MOTHERBOARD JUMPER SETTINGS ................................................................................ 9-43 
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TABLE 9-9-11:  V/F BOARD SWITCH SETTINGS ......................................................................................9-44 
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TABLE 9-9-12: V/F BOARD SETTINGS.................................................................................................... 9-46

TABLE 9-9-13: POWER SUPPLY MODULE SUBASSEMBLIES .................................................................... 9-50

TABLE 9-9-14: POWER SUPPLY MODULE LAYOUT................................................................................. 9-51

TABLE 9-9-15: ELECTRICAL BLOCK DIAGRAM ......................................................................................9-52

TABLE 9-9-16: POWER SUPPLY MODULE LED OPERATION ................................................................... 9-53

TABLE 9-9-17: OZONE GENERATOR CONTROL CONDITIONS.................................................................. 9-55

TABLE 9-9-18: OZONE GENERATOR SUBSYSTEM................................................................................... 9-56

TABLE 9-9-19: FLOW/PRESSURE SENSOR............................................................................................... 9-59

TABLE 9-9-20: NOX SENSOR MODULE................................................................................................... 9-60

TABLE 9-9-21: NOX SENSOR MODULE................................................................................................... 9-61

TABLE 9-9-22: PMT COOLER SUBSYSTEM.............................................................................................9-63

TABLE 9-9-23: HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY .................................................................................... 9-65

TABLE 10-1: TELEDYNE API M200A SPARE PARTS LIST ...................................................................... 10-1

TABLE 10-2: TELEDYNE API MODEL 200A 37 MM FILTER EXPENDABLES KIT ................................... 10-5

TABLE 10-3: TELEDYNE API MODEL 200A 47 MM FIITER EXPENDABLES KIT .................................... 10-5

TABLE 10-4: TELEDYNE API MODEL 200A EXPENDABLES KIT - IZS.................................................. 10-6

TABLE 10-5: TELEDYNE API MODEL 200A LEVEL 1 SPARES KIT ........................................................ 10-6

TABLE 10-6: TELEDYNE API MODEL 200A SPARES KIT FOR 1 UNIT................................................... 10-7

TABLE 10-7: TELEDYNE API MODEL 200A 37 MM FIITER EXPENDABLES KIT WITH CH1 .................. 10-7

TABLE 10-8: TELEDYNE API MODEL 200A 47 MM FIITER EXPENDABLES KIT WITH CH1 .................. 10-8

TABLE A-1: ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS ....................................................................................................... 1

TABLE A-1: ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS (CONTINUED) ................................................................................ 2

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

The Model 200A has been designed to provide serviceability, reliability and ease of operation.

The M200A's microprocessor continually checks operating parameters such as temperatue, flow,

and critical voltages. The instruments modular design uses captive screws to facilitate repair and

ease of access. If you encounter any difficulty refer to Section 9 General Troubleshooting Hints.

We recognize that the need for information in this manual changes as time passes. When the

instrument first arrives, it is necessary to get it up and running quickly and verify its correct

operation. As time passes, more detailed information is often required on special configurations,

calibration alternatives and other operational details. Finally there is the need for periodic

maintenance and to quickly troubleshoot problems to assure maximum reliability and data

integrity.

To address these needs, we have created three indexes to the information inside. They are:

Table of Contents:

Outlines the contents of the manual in the order the information is presented. This is a good

overview of the topics covered in the manual. There is also a list of Tables and a list of Figures.

Index to M200A Front Panel Menus:

The Menu Index (Table 5-5-1 and Table 5-5-2, Table 5-5-3 and Table 5-5-4) briefly describes

the front panel menus and refers you to other sections of the manual that have a detailed

explanation of each menu selection.

Troubleshooting Section 9:

The Troubleshooting Section, outlined in the Table of Contents, allows you to diagnose and

repair the instrument based on variables in the TEST menu, the results of DIAGNOSTIC tests,

and performance faults such as excessive noise or drift. The troubleshooting section also

explains the operation, adjustment, diagnosis and testing of each instrument subsystem.

If you are unpacking the instrument for the first time, please refer to Getting Started in

Section 2.

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2 GETTING STARTED

2.1 Unpacking

1. Verify that there is no apparent shipping damage. If damage has occurred please advise

shipper first, then Teledyne API.

CAUTION

To avoid personal injury, always use two persons to

lift and carry the Model 200A.

2. Before operation, it is necessary to remove the shipping hold-down screws. Remove the

instrument cover, then refer to Table 2-2-1 for screw location.

3. Also check for internal shipping damage, and generally inspect the interior of the

instrument to make sure all circuit boards and other components are in good shape and all

boards are seated properly.

4. Please check the voltage and frequency label on the rear panel of the instrument for

compatability with the local power before plugging in the M200A.

2.2 Electrical and Pneumatic Connections

1. Refer to Table 2-2-2 to locate the rear panel electrical and pneumatic connections.

2. Attach the pump to the Exhaust Out port on the rear panel as shown in Table 2-2-3.

3. If you are connecting to a calibrator, attach a vented sample inlet line to the sample inlet

port. The pressure of the sample gas at the inlet port should be at ambient pressure. The

exhaust from the pump should be vented to atmospheric pressure. See Table 2-2-3 for inlet

and exhaust line venting recommendations during calibration.

4. If desired, attach the analog output connections to a strip chart recorder and/or

datalogger. Refer to Table 9-9-12 for the jumper settings for the desired analog output

voltage range. Factory default setting is 0-5 VDC.

5. Connect the power cord to the correct voltage line, then turn to Section 2.3 Initial

Operation.

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WARNING

Analyzer Exhaust – O3 Scrubber – Pump

Pack Danger – Analyzer exhaust contains ozone.

Ozone scrubber must always be present

between analyzer exhaust and pump.

Vent pump exhaust to well ventilated area at atmosphere

pressure FIRE or EXPLOSION HAZARD.

Do not use charcoal treated with halogen compounds –

use only Teledyne API P/N 00596 charcoal.

Wait at least 5 minutes after turning off pump

before removing ozone scrubber WARNING.

WARNING

Lethal voltages present inside case.

Do not operate with cover off during normal operation.

Before operation check for correct input

voltage and frequency.

Do not operate without proper chassis grounding.

Do not defeat the ground wire on power plug.

Turn off analyzer power before disconnecting

electrical subassemblies.

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Table 2-2-1: Removal of Shipping Screws & Check for Correct Power

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Table 2-2-2: Rear Panel

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Table 2-2-3: Inlet and Exhaust Venting

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2.3 Initial Operation

1. Turn on the instrument power.

2. The display should immediately light, displaying the instrument type (M200A) and the

computer's memory configuration. If you are unfamiliar with the M200A, we recommend

that you read the overview Section 4 before proceeding. A diagram of the software menu

trees is in Table 5-5-1 and Table 5-5-2.

3. The M200A requires about 30 minutes for all internal components to come up to

temperature. During this time the ozone generator power is OFF until the membrane dryer

has time to purge itself, therefore there will be no response from the instrument, even if span

gas is coming in the sample port. During this time temperatures and other conditions are out

of specification. Because many warning conditions could be displayed warning conditions

are suppressed for 30 minutes after power up. After 30 minutes, warning messages will be

displayed until the respective warning conditions are within specifications. Use the CLR key

on the front panel to clear warning messages.

4. While waiting for instrument temperatures to come up, you can check for correct

operation by using some of the M200A's diagnostic and test features.

5. Examine the TEST functions by comparing the values listed in Table 2-2-6 to those in the

display. Remember that as the instrument warms up the values may not have reached their

final values yet. If you would like to know more about the meaning and utility of each TEST

function, refer to Table 9-9-1. Also, now is a good time to verify that the instrument was

shipped with the options you ordered. Table 2-2-6 includes a list of options. Section 6 covers

setting up the options.

6. Electric Test and Optic Test both generate simulated signals in the M200A.

A. Electric Test tests the electronics of the PMT signal path. To operate Electric Test from

the front panel press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to ELECTRICAL TEST and press

ENTR to turn on the electric test. When ELEC test is operating, scroll the TEST function

to PMT and compare instrument response to the values indicated in Table 2-2-6 . To turn

off this test press EXIT. For more information on the circuitry being tested refer to the

Troubleshooting Section 9.1.3.2.

B. Optic Test is an "end to end" test of the analyzer HVPS/PMT/ electronics/computer. It

simulates a signal by turning on a LED in the Sensor Module. To operate Optic Test from

the front panel press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to OPTIC test and press ENTR to

turn on the optic test. Scroll the TEST function PMT and compare instrument response to

the values indicated in Table 2-2-6. To turn off this test press EXIT. To return to the

SAMPLE mode press EXIT until SAMPLE is displayed in the upper left display. For

more information about OT operation, see Section 9.1.3.3.

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7. When the instrument is warmed up, re-check the TEST functions against Table 2-2-6. All

of the readings should compare closely with those in the Table. If they do not, see Section

9.1.1. The next task is to calibrate the analyzer. There are several ways to do a calibration,

they are summarized in Table 7-7-1. For a preliminary checkout we recommend calibration

with zero air and span gas coming in through the sample port. The procedure is:

Step 1 - Enter the expected NOx and NO span gas concentrations:

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press

CAL-CONC-NOx

This key sequence causes the M200A to prompt for the

expected NOx concentration. Enter the NOx span

concentration value by pressing the key under each digit until

the expected value is set.

2. Press ENTR ENTR stores the expected NOx span value. This value will be

used in the internal formulas to compute subsequent NOx

concentration values.

3. Press

CAL-CONC-NO

In the same CAL-CONC sub menu press the NO button and

enter the expected NO span value, then ENTR. As before this

value will be used in the internal formulas to compute the

subsequent NO concentration values.

4. Press EXIT-EXIT Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

5. Press

SETUP-RNGE-

MODE-SING-ENTR

If necessary you may want to change ranges. Normally the

instrument is shipped in single range mode set at 500 ppb. We

recommend doing the initial checkout on the 500 ppb range.

6. Press

SETUP-RNGE-SET

After SETUP-RNGE-SET, enter 500 and press ENTR. The

instrument will now be in the 500 ppb range.

7. Press EXIT Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

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Step 2 - Calibrate the instrument:

Zero/Span Calibration Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Input Zero gas Allow Zero gas to enter the sample port on the rear of the

instrument.

2. Press CAL The M200A enters the calibrate mode from sample mode.

3. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at the zero value. If you wait less

than 10 minutes the final zero value may drift.

4. Press ZERO The ZERO button will be displayed.

5. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations and

zeroes the instrument.

6. Input Span Gas Switch gas streams to span gas.

7. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at the span value. If you wait less

than 10 minutes the final span value may drift.

8. Press SPAN The SPAN button should be displayed. If it is not, check the

Troubleshooting Section 9.2.8 for instructions on how to

proceed. In certain circumstances at low span gas

concentrations (<100ppb), both the ZERO and SPAN buttons

will appear.

9. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations so

that the concentration displayed is the same as the expected

span concentration you entered above, thus spanning the

instrument.

10. Press EXIT Pressing EXIT returns the instrument to SAMPLE mode.

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Step 3 - Review the quality of the calibration:

Calibration Quality Check Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NOx SLOPE is

displayed.

The SLOPE value for NOx should be 1.0 ± 0.3. If the value is

not in this range, check Section 7.10 or 9. If the SLOPE value

is in the acceptable range, the instrument will perform

optimally.

2. Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NO SLOPE is

displayed.

The SLOPE value for NO should be 1.0 ± 0.3. If the value is

not in this range, check Section 7.10 or 9. If the SLOPE is in

the acceptable range, the instrument will perform optimally.

NOTE:

The NO and NOx slopes should be equal within ± 0.1.

3. Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NOx OFFSET is

displayed.

The M200A will display the OFFSET parameter for the NOx

equation. This number should be near zero. A value of 0.0

± 150 mV indicates calibration in the optimal range. If the

OFFSET value is outside this range, check Section 7.4 or 9 for

procedures to correct the OFFSET value to near zero.

4. Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NO OFFSET is

displayed.

The instrument will now display the NO OFFSET value. It

should also have a value near zero (0.0 ± 150 mV).

Step 4 - The M200A is now ready to measure sample gas.

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Table 2-2-4: Front Panel

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Table 2-2-5: Assembly Layout

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Table 2-2-6: Final Test and Calibration Values

Test Values Observed

Value Units Nominal Range Reference Section

RANGE PPB 50-20,000 5.3.4

STABILITY

(Zero Gas)

PPB < 0.2 9.1.1, Table 9-9-1,

9.2.5

SAMP FLW cc/min 500 ± 50 9.3.7, Table 9-9-1

OZONE FL cc/min 60 - 90 9.3.6, 9.3.7

PMT mV 0-5000 9.3.8.1, Table 9-9-1

AZERO mV -20 - 150 Table 9-9-1

HVPS V 450 - 900 constant 9.3.8.5

DCPS mV 2500 ± 200 9.3.5, 9.3.4

RCELL TEMP oC 50 ±1 9.3.8.2

BOX TEMP oC 8-48 9.3.4.1

PMT TEMP oC 7 ± 1 9.3.8.4

IZS TEMP oC 50 ± 0.4 9.3.9

MOLY TEMP oC 315 ± 5 9.3.4.1

RCEL PRES IN-Hg-A 4 - 10 constant 9.3.7

SAMP PRES IN-Hg-A 25 - 30 constant 9.3.7

Electric Test & Optic Test

Electric Test

PMT Volts mV 2000 ± 500 9.1.3.2

NO Conc PPB 1000 ± 250 9.1.3.2

NOx Conc PPB 1000 ± 250 9.1.3.2

Optic Test

PMT Volts mV 2000 ± 1000 9.1.3.3

NO Conc PPB 1000 ± 500 9.1.3.3

NOx Conc PPB 1000 ± 500 9.1.3.3

(table continued)

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

Table 2-1: Final Test and Calibration Values (Continued)

Parameter Observed

Value Units Nominal Range Reference Section

NO Span Conc PPB 20 - 20,000 Table 7-7-4

NOx Span Conc PPB 20 - 20,000 Table 7-7-4

NO Slope - 1.0 ± 0.3 Table 7-7-21

NOx Slope - 1.0 ± 0.3 Table 7-7-21

NO Offset mV -10 to +150 Table 7-7-21

NOx Offset mV -10 to +150 Table 7-7-21

Moly Efficiency % 0.96 - 1.02 7.8.6, 5.2.2.6

Stability at Zero PPB < 0.2 Table 9-9-1

Stability at Span PPB < 2 ppb @ 400ppb

span gas

Table 9-9-1

Measured Flows

Sample Flow cc/min 500 ± 50 9.3.7, Table 9-9-19

Ozone Flow cc/min 60 - 90 9.3.7, Table 9-9-19

IZS Purge Flow cc/min 60 ± 15 6.3

Factory Installed Options Option Installed

Power Voltage/Frequency

Rack Mount, w/ Slides

Rack Mount, w/ Ears Only

Rack Mount, External Pump w/ Slides

Rack Mount, External Pump w/o Slides

Stainless Zero/Span Valves

Internal Zero/Span - IZS

Permeation Tube Output Specification

Current Loop - NOx Chan 4-20 mA 0-20 mA Isolated Non-Isolated

Current Loop - NO Chan 4-20 mA 0-20 mA Isolated Non-Isolated

Current Loop - NO2 Chan 4-20 mA 0-20 mA Isolated Non-Isolated

Current Loop - TST Chan 4-20 mA 0-20 mA Isolated Non-Isolated

Internal Pump

PROM # Serial #

Date Technician

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3 SPECIFICATIONS, AGENCY APPROVALS,

WARRANTY

3.1 Specifications

Ranges In 1ppb increments from 50ppb to 20,000ppb

Range Modes Single, Independent, AutoRange

Noise at Zero1 0.2 ppb RMS

Noise at Span1 <0.5% of reading above 50 ppb

Lower Detectable Limit2 0.4 ppb RMS

Zero Drift3 <0.5 ppb/24 hours

Zero Drift 1 ppb/7 days

Span Drift <0.5% FS/7 days

Lag Time 20 sec

Rise Time 95% in <60 sec

Fall Time 95% in <60 sec

Sample Flow Rate 500 cc/min. ± 10%

Linearity 1% of full scale

Precision 0.5% of reading

Temperature Range 5-40oC

Temp Coefficient < 0.1% per oC

Humidity 0-95% RH non-condensing

Voltage Coefficient < 0.1% per V

Dimensions HxWxD 7" x 17" x 23.6" (18cm x 43cm x 61cm)

Weight, Analyzer 43 lbs (20 kg) w/external pump

Weight, Analyzer 55 lbs (25 kg) w/internal pump

Weight, Ext Pump Pack 16 lbs (7 kg)

Weight, Internal Pump 5 lbs (2 kg)

Power, Analyzer 100 V ~ 50/60 Hz, 120V~ 60 Hz, 220 V~ 50 Hz, 240 V~ 50 Hz, 125 watts

Power, Analyzer5 230 V ~ 50 Hz, 2.5A peak

Power, Ext Pump 110 V ~ 60 Hz, 220V~ 50 Hz, 240V~ 50Hz, 295 watts

Power, Ext Pump5 230 V ~ 50 Hz, 2.5A peak

Power, Int Pump 110 v/50/60 Hz, 60 watts

Environmental Installation Category (Over-voltage Category) II Pollution Degree 2

Recorder Output4 0-100 mV, 0-1, 5, 10v

Analog Resolution 1 part in 1024 of selected voltage or current range

Status Option 12 Status Outputs from opto-isolator

Measurement Units ppb, ppm, ug/m3, mg/m3

1. As defined by USEPA.

2. Defined as twice the zero noise level.

3. At constant temperature and voltage.

4. Bi-polar.

5. Electrical rating for CE Mark compliance.

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3.2 EPA Equivalency Designation

Advanced Pollution Instrumentation, Inc., Model 200A Nitrogen Oxides Analyzer is designated

as Reference Method Number RFNA-1194-099 as defined in 40 CFR Part 53, when operated

under the following conditions:

1. Range: Any range from 50 parts per billion (ppb) to 1 ppm.

2. Ambient temperature range of 5 to 40oC.

3. Line voltage range of 105-125 VAC, 60Hz; 220-240 VAC, 50Hz.

4. With 5-micron TFE filter element installed in the internal filter assembly.

5. Sample flow of 500 ± 50 cc/min.

6. Vacuum pump (internal or external) capable of 10"Hg Abs pressure @ 2 slpm or better.

7. Software settings:

A. Dynamic span OFF

B. Dynamic zero OFF

C. Cal-on-NO2 OFF

D. Dilution factor OFF

E. AutoCal ON or OFF

F. Independent range ON or OFF

G. Autorange ON or OFF

H. Temp/Pres compensation ON

I. Converter Eff. Acceptable values of 0.96 to 1.02

Under the designation, the Analyzer may be operated with or without the following options:

1. Rack mount with slides.

2. Rack mount without slides, ears only.

3. Rack mount for external pump w/o tray.

4. Stainless steel zero/span valves.

5. Internal zero/span.

6. NO2 permeation tube - uncertified 0.4ppm @ 0.7 lpm.

7. NO2 permeation tube - certified 0.4ppm @ 0.7 lpm.

8. NO2 permeation tube - certified 0.8ppm @ 0.7 lpm.

9. NO2 permeation tube - uncertified 0.8ppm @ 0.7 lpm.

10. 4-20mA, isolated outputs.

11. Status outputs.

12. RS-232 output.

13. Internal pump or external pump.

14. 1 micron sample filter.

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3.3 Warranty

ADVANCED POLLUTION INSTRUMENTATION DIVISION (T-API) (02024D) (DCN 4473)

Prior to shipment, T-API equipment is thoroughly inspected and tested. Should equipment failure occur,

T-API assures its customers that prompt service and support will be available.

COVERAGE

After the warranty period and throughout the equipment lifetime, T-API stands ready to provide on-site

or in-plant service at reasonable rates similar to those of other manufacturers in the industry. All

maintenance and the first level of field troubleshooting is to be performed by the customer.

NON-API MANUFACTURED EQUIPMENT

Equipment provided but not manufactured by T-API is warranted and will be repaired to the extent and

according to the current terms and conditions of the respective equipment manufacturers warranty.

GENERAL

During the warranty period, T-API warrants each Product manufactured by T-API to be free from

defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. Expendable parts are excluded.

If a Product fails to conform to its specifications within the warranty period, API shall correct such

defect by, in API's discretion, repairing or replacing such defective Product or refunding the purchase

price of such Product.

The warranties set forth in this section shall be of no force or effect with respect to any Product: (i) that

has been altered or subjected to misuse, negligence or accident, or (ii) that has been used in any manner

other than in accordance with the instruction provided by T-API, or (iii) not properly maintained.

THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION AND THE REMEDIES THEREFORE

ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,

FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHER WARRANTY OF QUALITY,

WHETHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. THE REMEDIES SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION

ARE THE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES FOR BREACH OF ANY WARRANTY CONTAINED

HEREIN. API SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL

DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OF T-API'S

PERFORMANCE HEREUNDER, WHETHER FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY OR

OTHERWISE.

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TERMS AND CONDITIONS

All units or components returned to Teledyne API should be properly packed for handling and

returned freight prepaid to the nearest designated Service Center. After the repair, the

equipment will be returned, freight prepaid.

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

4 THE M200A NOX ANALYZER

4.1 Principle of Operation

The Teledyne API Model 200A Analyzer is designed to measure the concentration of nitric

oxide [NO], total oxides of nitrogen [NOX] and, by calculation, nitrogen dioxide [NO2]. The

instrument measures the light intensity of the chemiluminescent gas phase reaction of nitric

oxide [NO] and ozone [O3] as follows:

223 O*NOONO 

hvNO*NO 22 

The reaction of NO with ozone results in electronically excited NO2 molecules as shown in the

first equation above. The excited NO2 molecules release their excess energy by emitting a

photon and dropping to a lower energy level as shown in the second equation. It has been shown

that the light intensity produced is directly proportional to the [NO] concentration present.

The Analyzer samples the gas stream and measures the [NO] concentration by digitizing the

signal from the Analyzer's photomultiplier tube (PMT). A valve then routes the sample stream

through a converter containing heated molybdenum to reduce any NO2 present to NO by the

following reaction:

315o C

32 MoONO3MoNO3 

The Analyzer now measures the total NOx concentration. The [NOx] and [NO] values are

subtracted from each other by the built-in computer yielding the [NO2] concentration. The three

results [NO], [NOx], and [NO2] are then further processed and stored by the computer yielding

several instantaneous and long term averages of all three components. These readings are also

stored internally in the M200A’s data acquisition system (DAS).

The software uses an adaptive filter to accomodate rapid changes in concentration. The

algorithm monitors the rate of change in concentration for both the NO and NOx channels. When

a change in concentration is detected, the software changes the sample filters to rapidly respond

to the change. The filters are adjusted to minimize the errors introduced by the time delay

between the NOx and NO channel measurements; this assures accurate NO2 measurements.

When the rate of change decreases, the filters are lengthened to provide good signal/noise ratio.

The parameters used to operate the adaptive filter have been tuned to match the electrical and

pneumatic characteristics of the M200A.

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Table 4-4-1: Block Diagram

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4.2 Operation Summary

4.2.1 Sensor Module, Reaction Cell, Detector

The sensor module (Table 9-9-20) is where the chemiluminescent reaction takes place and where

the light from the reaction is detected. It is the most complicated and critical sub-assembly in the

entire analyzer. It consists of the following sub-assemblies and functions:

1. The reaction cell and flow control module

2. Reaction cell heater/thermistor

3. Photo multiplier tube(PMT) and high voltage power supply

4. PMT cooler/cold block/heatsink/fan

5. Preamp assembly:

A. Preamp range control hardware

B. HVPS control

C. PMT cooler temp control

D. Electric test electronics

E. Optic test electronics

4.2.2 Pneumatic Sensor Board

The sensor board consists of two pressure sensors and a flow sensor. One pressure sensor

measures the pressure in the reaction cell,which is maintained at about one-quarter of

atmospheric pressure. The second pressure sensor measures the pressure just upstream of the

reaction cell, which is near ambient pressure. From these two pressures the sample flow rate can

be computed and is displayed as sample flow in the TEST menu. Finally, a solid state flow meter

measures the ozone flow directly. Likewise, it is displayed as a TEST function.

The M200A displays all pressures in inches of mercury-absolute (in-Hg-A). Absolute pressure is

the reading referenced to a vacuum or zero absolute pressure. This method was chosen so that

ambiguities of pressure relative to ambient pressure can be avoided.

For example, if the vacuum reading is 25" Hg relative to room pressure at sea level the absolute

pressure would be 5" Hg. If the same absolute pressure was observed at 5000 ft altitude where

the atmospheric pressure was 5" lower, the relative pressure would drop to 20" Hg, however the

absolute pressure would remain the same 5" Hg-A.

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4.2.3 Computer Hardware and Software

CPU Board

The M200A Analyzer is operated by an NEC V40 microprocessor. Computer communication is

done via 2 major hardware assemblies, the V/F board and the front panel display/keyboard. The

computer's multitasking operating system allows it to control the instrument, monitor test points,

generate analog outputs and provide a user interface via the display, keyboard and RS-232 port.

These operations appear to be happening simultaneously but are actually done sequentially based

on a priority queuing system maintained by the operating system. The jobs are queued for

execution only when needed, therefore the system is very efficient with computer resources. The

M200A is a true computer based instrument. The microprocessor does most of the instrument

control functions such as valve switching and temperature control. Data collection and

processing are done entirely in the CPU with the final concentration values being sent to a D/A

converter to produce the instrument analog output.

The computer memory is divided into 3 sections: ROM memory contains the multi-tasking

operating system code plus the instructions that run the instrument. The RAM memory is used to

hold temporary variables and current concentration data. The EEPROM memory contains the

instrument set-up variables such as range and instrument ID number. The EEPROM data is non-

volatile so the instrument can lose power and the current set-up information is preserved.

4.2.4 V/F Board

The V/F board is multifunctional, consisting of A/D input channels, digital I/O channels, and

analog output channels. Communication with the computer is via a STD bus interface. The

computer receives all of the instrument data and provides all control functions through the V/F

board.

4.2.5 Front Panel

The front panel of the M200A is shown in Table 2-2-4. The front panel consists of a 2 line

display and keyboard, 3 status LED's and power switch. Communication with the display,

keyboard, and status LED's is done via the computer's on-board parallel port. The M200A was

designed as a computer controlled instrument, therefore all major operations can be controlled

from the front panel display and keyboard.

The display consists of 2 lines of 40 characters each. The top line is divided into 3 fields, and

displays information. The first field is the mode field. A list of operating modes is given in

Table 5-5-9.

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The center field displays TEST values. The TEST functions allow you to quickly access many

important internal operating parameters of the M200A. This provides a quick check on the

internal health of the instrument. The right hand field shows current concentration values of NO,

NOx, and NO2. The display scrolls between the 3 values every 4 seconds.

4.2.5.1 Keyboard

The second line of the display contains eight fields. Each field defines the key immediately

below it. By redefining the keys dynamically it is possible to simplify the instrument electronics

and user interface.

When entering data in the keyboard, if the entered value is not accepted, the M200A will "beep"

to notify the user that the value keyed in was not accepted. The original value remains

unchanged.

4.2.5.2 Status LED's

At the right of the display there are 3 status LED's. They can be in three states, OFF, ON, and

Blinking. The meanings of the LED's are given in Table 4-4-2.

Table 4-4-2: Front Panel Status LED's

LED State Meaning

Green On

Off

Blinking

Monitoring normally, taking DAS data

NOT monitoring, DAS disabled

Monitoring, DAS in HOLDOFF mode (1)

Yellow Off

Blinking

Auto cal. disabled

Auto/Dynamic cal. enabled

Calibrating

Red Off

Blinking

No warnings exist

Warnings exist

(1) This occurs during Calibration, DAS holdoff, power-up holdoff, and when in Diagnostic mode.

4.2.5.3 Power Switch

The power switch has two functions. The rocker switch controls overall power to the instrument,

in addition is a circuit breaker. If attempts to power up the M200A result in a circuit breaker trip,

the switch automatically returns to the off position, and the instrument will not power up.

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4.2.6 Power Supply Module

The Power supply module supplies AC and DC power to the rest of the instrument. It consists of

a four output linear DC power supply and a 15 volt switching supply. In addition, it contains the

switching circuitry to drive the DC operated valves and several switched AC loads that operate

the Rx cell, IZS, and molybdenum converter heaters and the ozone generator. The only voltages

not generated in the PSM are the high voltage DC required by the PMT which is generated

inside the sensor module and the high voltage AC used by the ozone generator.

4.2.7 Pump, Valves, Pneumatic System

A standard M200A comes with two valves. The NO/NOx valve switches sample gas into the

reaction cell from either the sample inlet port or from the moly converter into the reaction cell.

Periodically, the AutoZero valve shuts off sample flow to the reaction cell to measure the

detector dark signal.

A catalytic scrubber contained in the moly converter assembly removes the ozone present in the

exhaust stream.

If the external pump is selected, This option is not available with the internal pump.

The external Pump Pack includes a vacuum pump and optional charcoal NO2 scrubber. By using

this pump, it is possible to remove a significant source of acoustic noise and vibration from the

immediate area of the analyzer. The pump pack is supplied with 0.25" tube fitting to connect to

the exhaust fitting on the M200A rear panel. See Table 2-2-3 for hook-up information. Plugging

the power cord into an AC outlet turns on the pump pack, see Table 4-4-3.

The internal pump has slightly lower performance specifications, and shorter MTBF, however it

consumes significantly less power, and makes an instrument that has a single chassis. The NO2

scrubber option.

A pump is supplied as standard equipment, however if another pump is used, it must have the

following characteristics:

1. The pump must supply 1 slpm at 5"Hg-A.

2. The ozone scrubber must remove all ozone from the analyzer exhaust.

3. Connect the exhaust (Table 2-2-3) to a pump with <3 m of 1/4" PTFE tubing.

Failure to meet the performance specifications will result in poor analyzer performance, damage

to the pump, damage to the analyzer, and may jeopardize warranty repairs. Teledyne API

strongly recommends that the factory supplied pump be used with the M200A.

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NOTE

On vacuum vs absolute pressure:

Many vacuum gauges read relative to ambient pressure, therefore

a reading of 25" of mercury (Hg) at sea level (which would give an

absolute pressure of about 5" Hg in the reaction cell) would read

only 20" Hg at high altitude sites. Therefore in this manual the vacuum

specification of 5" Hg pressure is given as an absolute pressure

- 5"Hg-A - reference against zero absolute pressure (a perfect vacuum)

thus removing ambiguities for high altitude sites.

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Table 4-4-3: External Pump Pack

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4.2.8 Ozone Generator

Because of the instability of ozone, it is necessary to generate this gas inside the analyzer. The

ozone generation module consists of a high voltage AC supply and silent discharge tube and

permeation type air drier. A complete description of its function and service requirements can be

found in Section 9.3.6.

CAUTION

Lethal voltages present inside ozone generator.

Do not defeat electrical interlock.

The dry air supply for the ozone generator uses a membrane drier to supply air with a dew point

of 0o C or less. The exhaust side of the membrane is connected to the vacuum manifold at the

rear of the instrument.

Normal room air contains enough water vapor to damage the generator and components

downstream. To prevent damage, the generator will be turned ON after 30 min following a cold

start. Otherwise, the starting of the generator will follow the table below:

Table 4-4-4: Ozone Generator Start-up Timing

Ozone Gen State at

Power-On Instrument Action

ON If instrument has been off for less than 30 min

OFF If instrument has been off for more than 30 min

4.2.9 Molydbenum Converter

The molybdenum converter is a stainless steel cartridge containing molybdenum chips heated to

315 C. The converter's function is to reduce nitrogen dioxide NO2 to nitric oxide NO. The

temperature control for this module is done by the computer.

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5 SOFTWARE FEATURES

The M200A control software has two major operating modes. The SAMPLE mode is the normal

mode when the instrument is taking data. The software menu that covers the SAMPLE mode is

diagrammed in Table 5-5-1.

When the instrument is initially installed, or problems indicate a need for diagnostics, the

SETUP menu is used. The SETUP menu is diagrammed in Table 5-5-2.

5.1 Index To Front Panel Menus

The next several pages contain two different styles of indexes that will allow you to navigate the

M200A software menus. The first two pages show a "tree" menu structure to let you see at a

glance where each software feature is located in the menu. The second menu contains a brief

description of each key mnemonic and a reference to the section of the manual that describes its

purpose and function in detail.

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Table 5-5-1: Sample Menu Tree

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Table 5-5-2: Setup Menu Tree

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5.1.1 Sample Menu

Table 5-5-3: M200A Sample Menu Structure

Menu Level

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description Reference

Section

TEST

TST>

Test functions 5.2.1, Table 9-

9-1

CAL Zero/Span calibration w/ gas

through sample port

5.2.2.1, 7.3

CALZ Zero calibration w/ zero gas

from zero valve option or IZS

option

5.2.2.2, 7.1, 7.2

CALS Span calibration w/ span gas

from span valve option or IZS

option

5.2.2.3, 7.1, 7.2

ZERO Press ZERO then ENTR will

zero analyzer

5.2.2.2, 7.1, 7.2

SPAN Press SPAN then ENTR will

span analyzer

5.2.2.3, 7.1, 7.2

CONC Expected NO/ NOx span

concentrations and Moly conv.

efficiency setup

Table 7-7-4

NOX

CONC

Enter expected NOx span

concentration

5.2.2, Table 7-

7-4

NO CONC Enter expected NO span

concentration

5.2.2, Table 7-

7-4

CONV Sub-menu for converter

efficiency setup and

verification

5.2.2.6, 7.8.6

NO2 Expected NO2 concentration for

converter efficiency calculation

5.2.2.6, 7.8.6

CAL Automatic converter efficiency

calibration and entry

5.2.2.6, 7.8.6

SET Set the converter efficiency

manually

5.2.2.6, 7.8.6

MSG Displays warning messages 9.1.2

CLR Clears warning messages 9.1.2

SETUP The SETUP Menu - See next

table below

Table 5-5-4

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5.1.2 Set-Up Menu

Table 5-5-4: M200A Setup Menu Structure

Setup Menu #1

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description Reference

Section

CFG CFG is primarily used for

showing special

configuration options and

factory special software

5.3.1

PREV,

NEXT, LIST

PREV, NEXT can be used to

scroll through the

configuration list. LIST

automatically scrolls the list

5.3.1

AUTOCA

Automatic span check or

calibration

5.3.2, 6.4

SEQUENCE Selects Sequence 5.3.2, 6.4

PREV-

Scrolls display to select

calibration sequence 1, 2, or

5.3.2, 6.4

MODE Selects mode of calibration

(zero, span, zero-span) plus

disable

5.3.2, 6.4

SET For a given Sequence and

Mode, sets timing and

calibration attributes

5.3.2, 6.4

DAS Data Acquisition

System(DAS) - keeps 1 to

1500 minute averages of data

5.3.3

VIEW Select which DAS data

collector to view

5.3.3

PREV-

Scroll through data collectors

CONC, PNUMTC, CAL

DAT. The DAS data

structure can be viewed as a

list with the most recent data

at the top. The pointer is

initialized at the top - the

most recent entry.

5.3.3

EDIT PREV Move down the DAS data

buffer to examine older data

5.3.3

PREV10 Move down 10 entries in the

DAS data buffer

5.3.3

NEXT Move up the DAS data buffer

to display more recent data

5.3.3

NEXT10 Move up 10 entries in the

DAS data buffer

5.3.3

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Table 5-5-5: M200A Menu Structure - Setup Menu #2

Setup Menu #2

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description Reference

Section

RANGE Range control menu 5.3.4

MODE Range mode select – Single,

Autorange, Independent

5.3.4

SET Sets range if mode is Single

range

5.3.4.1

NO Sets NO concentration if indep

ranges enabled

5.3.4.3

NOx Sets NOx concentration if indep

ranges enabled

5.3.4.3

NO2 Sets NO2 concentration if indep

ranges enabled

5.3.4.3

LO Sets low range if Autorange

enabled

5.3.4.2

HI Sets high range if Autorange

enabled

5.3.4.2

UNITS Unit selection menu 5.3.4.5

PPB,PPM,

UGM,

MGM

Select units that instrument uses 5.3.4.5

DIL Enter dilution factor if

connected to stack dilution

probe

5.3.4.4

PASS Password enable/disable menu 5.3.5

ON-OFF Enable/disable password

checking

5.3.5

CLOCK TIME Adjusts time on the internal

time of day clock

5.3.6

DATE Adjusts date on the internal

time of day clock

5.3.6

MORE Continue menus on next level

down

Table 5-5-4

COMM RS-232 communications

control menu

5.3.8, 5.5

BAUD Sets the BAUD rate to 300 -

19,200

5.3.8, 5.5

ID Sets the instrument ID -

(included on all RS-232

messages)

5.3.8, 5.5

Table 5-5-6: M200A Menu Structure - Setup Menu #3

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Setup Menu #3

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Description Reference

Section

VARS Internal variables 5.3.9, 9.2

PREV,

NEXT,

JUMP,

EDIT

PREV, NEXT scroll up and

down through the VARS menu.

JUMP will go to variable

number selected, EDIT will

allow editing of the selected

variable

5.3.9, 9.2

DIAG Diagnostic menu 5.3.7, 9

PREV,

PREV, NEXT scroll up and

down through the DIAG menu

5.3.7, 9

SIG I/O Examines, changes analog and

digital internal signals

9.1.3.1

ANALOG

OUT

Writes test voltages to analog

outputs

9.1.3.5

D/A CAL Calibrates analog outputs 9.1.3.6

OPTIC

TEST

Activates Optic Test feature 9.1.3.3

ELEC

TEST

Activates Electric Test feature 9.1.3.2

O3 GEN Turns OFF/ON ozone generator 9.1.3.4

RS-232 Writes test data to RS-232 port 9.1.3.7

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5.2 Sample Mode

The M200A software has two major operating modes, the SAMPLE mode and the SETUP mode.

The SAMPLE mode is the normal mode when the instrument is taking data. The SETUP mode is

used when the instrument is initially installed, or when problems indicate a need for diagnostics.

One of the features of the SAMPLE mode is TEST functions. The TEST functions can be

examined while the instrument is taking data, and can be used to determine if the instrument is

set up and functioning properly.

Section 5.2.1 defines each TEST function and explains its use.

5.2.1 Test Functions

NOTE

In any of the following TEST functions, if a value of

XXXX is displayed, that indicates an off scale and

therefore meaningless reading.

To use the TEST functions to diagnose instrument faults, refer to Troubleshooting Section 9.1.

Range

The M200A can operate in one of three range modes:

1. In single range mode there is one range for all 3 outputs. This is the default range mode.

2. Independent range mode allows different ranges for each output. When enabled, there are

three range values displayed, NO, NOx and NO2.

3. Auto range mode allows a low range and high range. The M200A will automatically

switch to the other range dynamically as concentration values require. The TEST values will

show the range the instrument is currently operating in, and will dynamically display the

alternate range as the range changes occur.

NOTE

Each of the range modes Single range, Autorange, and

Independent ranges are mutually exclusive.

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Stability

The instrument noise is computed using the standard deviation of the last 10 minutes of data,

with the value being computed at the end of each NO/ NOx cycle. It is computed for the NOx

channel only. The value only becomes meaningful if sampling a constant concentration for more

than 20 minutes, so the various software filters can stabilize. The value shown should be

compared to the value observed in Table 2-2-6.

Sample Flow

The SAMPLE FLOW test function is computed from the pressure measured up-stream of the

sample flow orifice. The pressure down-stream of the orifice is also checked to assure the

assumptions of the equation are valid. SAMPLE FLOW will indicate variations in flow caused

by changes in atmospheric pressure, but will not detect a plugged sample flow orifice. The

nominal value is 500 ± 50 cc/min.

Ozone Flow

The OZONE FLOW test function is directly measured by a solid state flow meter. Variations in

this value indicate variations in ozone flow. The nominal value for ozone flow is 60 - 90 cc/min.

PMT Voltage

The PMT VOLTAGE shows the PMT signal at the output of the preamp board. The waveform

of the PMT voltage can be complex, and vary from near 0 mV when zero gas is in the reaction

cell to 5000 mV when a high concentration of NOx is being measured. If the PMT reading is

consistently 5000 mV, that indicates an off-scale reading. Typical readings bounce around,

which is normal.

Normalized PMT Voltage

Like the PMT Voltage TEST function above, the NORMALIZED PMT VOLTAGE measures

the PMT signal at the output of the preamp board. The difference here is that several

normalization functions are applied to this signal before it is displayed. The most important is the

temperature and pressure compensation factors. If NORM PMT is used as suggested in the

Factory Calibration Procedure (Section 9.1.6) the M200A will be correctly calibrated.

AZERO Voltage

This test measurement is the AUTOZERO voltage. It indicates the most recent reading from the

AutoZero circuit. The units are mV and from – 20 to 150 are acceptable.

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High Voltage Power Supply (HVPS)

The HVPS reading is a measure of the scaled-up HVPS programming voltage. The voltage used

to set the HVPS output is generated on the Preamp board. Its value is between 0 and 1 volt,

corresponding to a voltage of 0 to 1000 volts out of the HVPS. The HVPS front panel TEST

measurement should be greater than 450 volts and will typically be around 600-800V.

DC Power Supply (DCPS)

The DCPS voltage is a composite of the 5 and ± 15 VDC voltages in the Power Supply Module.

This is meant to be a quick indicator to show if the PSM is working correctly. The nominal value

is 2500 mV ± 200 mV.

Reaction Cell Temperature

This is a measurement of the temperature of the reaction cell. It is controlled by the computer to

50 ± 1 C. Temperatures outside this range will cause the M200A output to drift.

Box Temperature

This TEST function shows the temperature inside the chassis of the M200A. The temperature

sensor is located on the Status/Temp Board. Typically it runs 2 to 10 C higher than the ambient

temperature. The M200A has been engineered to maintain stable output over 5 to 40 C ambient

temperature range.

PMT Temperature

The temperature of the PMT is closely controlled by a dedicated proportional temperature

controller. The nominal set-point is 7 ± 1 C. Readings outside this range will cause instrument

drift due to gain changes in the PMT detector.

IZS Temperature

The IZS option has an oven for NO2 permeation tubes. The oven temperature is nominally 50 C.

The permeation tube temperature is stable to ± 0.1 C, although it is normal to see the

temperature on the front panel move ± 0.4 C due to the proximity of the temp sensor to the

heater. It can be adjusted from the front panel by pressing SETUP-MORE-VARS and selecting

the IZS_SET item and entering the desired temperature. Using this adjustment, the permeation

rate of the NO2 permeation tube can be adjusted to a desired value. See Section 6.3 for

information on adjusting the IZS temperature.

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Moly Temperature

The moly temperature is controlled by the computer. The nominal set-point is 315 ± 5 C. The

temperature sensor inside the moly is a type-J thermocouple. The thermocouple amplifier is

located on the STATUS/TEMP board. If the thermocouple breaks, the reading will go to 500 C

and turn off power to the heater.

Reaction Cell Pressure

The pressure in the reaction cell is measured by a solid state pressure sensor which measures

absolute pressure. Absolute pressure was chosen because it is an unambiguous measure of cell

pressure. This pressure will vary depending on several things.

1. The type of pump attached to the analyzer.

2. Variations in local weather will cause a ± 0.3in-Hg change in pressure.

3. The altitude of the analyzer will cause the cell pressure to change.

Nominal values are 3 to 10 in-Hg-A. Typical readings are about 5 in-Hg-A for the external

pump, and about 8 in-Hg-A or better for the internal pump.

Sample Pressure

The pressure in the sample inlet line is measured by a solid state pressure sensor which measures

absolute pressure. Absolute pressure was chosen because it is an unambiguous measure of

sample pressure. This pressure typically runs 0.5" or so below atmospheric pressure due to the

pressure drop in the sample inlet lines.

NOx, NO Slope and Offset Values

The coefficients of two (NOx and NO) straight line equations determine the calibration of the

M200A. The values of these parameters can be used to determine the quality of the calibration.

These 4 parameters contain valuable information about the quality and validity of the calibration.

Refer to Section 5.2.2.5 for more information on the formulas. Refer to Section 7.10 Calibration

Quality for details on how to use these values.

Time

This is an output of the M200A's internal time of day clock.

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5.2.2 CAL, CALS, CALZ, Calibration Functions

The calibration and zero/span checking of the M200A analyzer is treated in detail in Section 7,

Table 7-7-1 summarizes types of calibration. The basic function of each of these keys is

described here.

5.2.2.1 CAL, CALS, CALZ

The above keys control the calibration functions of the analyzer. In the CAL mode the analyzer

can be calibrated with zero/span gas coming in through the sample input port on the rear panel. If

the analyzer is equipped with the IZS option, or Zero/Span valves, there will be CALZ and

CALS buttons also. These buttons operate the Zero/Span valves or IZS system. The setup of

these options is covered in Section 6.3, and their operation is explained in Section 7.

5.2.2.2 Zero

Pressing the ZERO key along with ENTR will cause the instrument to adjust the OFFSET value

of the internal formula so that the instrument reads zero. The M200A allows zero adjustment

over a limited range of signal levels, therefore the signal does not have to be exactly zero for the

instrument to be zeroed. The instrument will not, however, allow a zero cal on any signal level,

therefore it is not possible to zero the instrument with span gas in the reaction cell. If the ZERO

key does not come on as expected, check Section 9.2.9.

5.2.2.3 Span

Pressing the SPAN key along with ENTR will cause the instrument to adjust the SLOPE value of

the internal formula so the instrument displays the span value. The expected NOx and NO span

concentrations must be entered before doing a SPAN calibration. See Table 7-7-4.

Like the Zero calibration, the Span cal cannot be done with any concentration of span gas. If the

signal level is outside certain limits the, SPAN key will not be illuminated. If you encounter this

condition see Section 9.2.9. It is also possible at low levels of span concentration that BOTH the

ZERO and SPAN keys might be on, thus allowing you to either zero or span the instrument. In

this case, care must be taken to perform the correct operation or the analyzer can become mis-

calibrated.

5.2.2.4 NO, NOx Cal Concentration

Before the M200A can be spanned, it is necessary to enter the expected span concentrations for

NO and NOx. This is done by using CAL-CONC-NOX or CAL-CONC-NO keys for NOx and

NO span concentrations, respectively. Concentration values from 30 to 19000 ppb are accepted.

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5.2.2.5 Formula Values

The slope and offset terms should be checked after each calibration. The values for these terms

contain valuable information about the internal health of the analyzer. The range of acceptable

values and their meanings is given in Section 7.10.

To compute the NOx and NO concentrations, the formula for a straight line is used.

Where:

y = the NOx or NO concentration

m = the slope

x = the conditioned PMT tube output (normalized PMT voltage)

b = the offset

y = mx + b

In comparison with analog analyzers the slope term is equivalent to the "span pot" and the b term

is equivalent to the "zero pot". Again, like an analog analyzer there is only a limited range of

adjustment allowed for either term, and there are consequences of having the values near the

high or low limits of their respective ranges.

The x term is the conditioned PMT signal. PMT signal is adjusted for the AutoZero background,

range, temperature, and pressure.

The offset (b) term is the total background light with the AutoZero term subtracted out.

The AutoZero term measures detector dark current, amplifier noise, and ozone generator

background. Therefore, in the case of the NO channel the b term should be very close to zero. In

the NOx channel the b term is composed mostly of the molybdenum converter background.

After every zero or span calibration, it is very important to check the QUALITY of the

calibration. The calibration of the M200A involves balancing several sections of electronics and

software to achieve an optimum balance of accuracy, noise, linearity and dynamic range.

See Section 7.10 for the calibration quality check procedure.

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5.2.2.6 Automatic Converter Efficiency Compensation

The M200A can automatically compensate the NOx and NO2 readings for the molybdenum

converter efficiency. There are 2 ways to enter the converter efficiency into the instrument. The

first is to just type in the converter efficiency using the CAL-CONC-MOLY-SET menu. The

second method is to have the M200A compute the efficiency using the CAL-CONC-MOLY-

CAL menu. See the Calibration Section 7.8.6 - Molybdenum Converter Efficiency for details.

To disable the compensation, press CAL-CONC-MOLY-SET and enter 1.0000 as the efficiency.

Factory default is 1.0000.

5.3 Set-Up Mode

5.3.1 Configuration Information (CFG)

This menu item will tell if the installed software has factory special features or other non-

standard features. If you call Teledyne API service you may be asked for information from this

menu.

5.3.2 Automatic Calibration (AutoCal)

The AutoCal feature allows the M200A to automatically operate the Zero/Span Valve or IZS

option to periodically check its calibration. Information on setting up AutoCal is in Section 6.4.

5.3.3 Data Acquisition System (DAS)

The M200A contains a flexible and powerful built in data acquisition system (DAS) that enables

the analyzer to store concentration data as well as diagnostic parameters in its battery backed

memory. This information can be viewed from the front panel or printed out through the RS-232

port. The diagnostic data can be used for performing “Predictive Diagnostics” and trending to

determine when maintenance and servicing will be required.

The logged parameters are stored in what are called “Data Channels.” Each Data Channel can

store multiple data parameters. The Data Channels can be programmed and customized from the

front panel. A set of default Data Channels has been included in the M200A software. For more

information on programming custom Data Channels, a supplementary document containing this

information can be requested from Teledyne API.

5.3.3.1 Data Channels

The function of the Data Channels is to store, report, and view data from the analyzer. The data

may consist of NO, NOx, NO2 concentration, or may be diagnostic data, such as the sample flow

or reaction cell pressure.

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The M200A comes pre-programmed with a set of useful Data Channels for logging

concentration and predictive diagnostic data. The default Data Channels can be used as they are,

or they can be changed by the user to fit a specific application. They can also be deleted to make

room for custom user-programmed Data Channels.

The data in the default Data Channels can be viewed through the SETUP-DAS-VIEW menu.

Use the PREV and NEXT buttons to scroll through the Data Channels and press VIEW to view

the data. The last record in the Data Channel is shown. Pressing PREV and NEXT will scroll

through the records one at a time. Pressing NX10 and PV10 will move forward or backward 10

records. For Data Channels that log more than one parameter, such as PNUMTC, buttons labeled

<PRM and PRM> will appear. These buttons are used to scroll through the parameters located

in each record.

The function of each of the default Data Channels is described below:

CONC: Samples NOx, NO and NO2 concentration data at one minute intervals and

stores an average every hour with a time and date stamp. Readings during

calibration and calibration hold off are not included in the data. The last 800

hourly averages are stored.

PNUMTC: Collects sample flow and sample pressure data at five minute intervals and

stores an average once a day with a time and date stamp. This data is useful for

monitoring the condition of the pump and critical flow orifice (sample flow)

and the sample filter (clogging indicated by a drop in sample pressure) over

time to predict when maintenance will be required. The last 360 daily averages

(about 1 year) are stored.

CALDAT: Logs new slope and offset every time a zero or span calibration is performed,

also records the sample concentration reading just prior to performing a

calibration.

NOTE:

This Data Channel collects data based on an event (a calibration) rather than a

timer. This Data Channel will store data from the last 200 calibrations. This

does not represent any specific length of time since it is dependent on how often

calibrations are performed. As with all Data Channels, a time and date stamp is

recorded for every data point logged.

The attributes of the data collecting channels can be changed, and new data collectors can be

defined. A comprehensive guide to programming the DAS interface is available separately from

Teledyne API, order “DAS Manual” p/n 02837. Table 5-5-7 is an example of changing a DAS

channel attribute.

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Table 5-5-7: DAS Data Channel Editing

Step Action Comment

1. Press SETUP-DAS-EDIT Enter DAS menu to edit Data Channels

2. Press PREV/NEXT Select Data Channel to edit

3. Press EDIT Enter the Edit menu for the selected Data Channel

4. Press SET> (5 times) Scroll through Data Channel properties until RS-232

REPORT: OFF is displayed

5. Press EDIT Edit selected setup property

6. Toggle OFF to ON Change RS-232 REPORT property

7. Press ENTR Accepts change

8. Press EXIT (4 times) Exits back to sample menu

5.3.4 Range Menu

The instrument operates on any full scale range from 50 to 20,000 ppb. The range is the

concentration value that equals the maximum voltage output on the rear panel of the instrument.

If the range you select is between 50 and 2000 ppb the front panel will read the concentration

anywhere from 0 to 2000 ppb regardless of the range selected. If the range selected is from 2001

to 20,000 ppb the front panel will read from 0 to 20,000 ppb. The apparently wider range of front

panel readouts is because the M200A has 2 internal hardware ranges, namely 0-2000 ppb and 0-

20,000 ppb. The analog output is scaled for the range selected, however the front panel reading

can display correct concentrations over the entire physical range.

NOTE

Only one of the following range choices can be active at any one time.

If the range is changed such that the physical range switches, the

instrument should be recalibrated. Since the gain is 10x lower on the

0-20,000 ppb range, the offsets may be a factor of 10 less also.

There are 3 range modes:

1. Single Range

2. Auto Range

3. Independent Ranges

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5.3.4.1 Single Range

This range option selects a single range for all output channels (NO, NOx, NO2) of the M200A.

To select Single Range press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-SING, then press ENTR. To set the value

for the range press SETUP-RNGE-SET, enter the full scale range desired from 50 ppb to 20,000

ppm, then press ENTR.

5.3.4.2 Auto Range

Auto Range allows the NO, NOx, NO2 outputs to automatically range between a low range and a

high range. There is only one low range and one high range for all outputs. The Hi range mode is

signaled by a bit on the STATUS option, see Table 5-5-10. When the instrument output reaches

98% of the low range, it will automatically switch into Hi range. In Hi range, when the output

decreases to 75% of low range, it will change to the lower range. If you select a Hi range that is

less than Low range, the M200A will remain locked in Low range and behave as a Single Range

instrument.

To set up Auto Range press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-AUTO, then press ENTR. To set the values

press SETUP-RNGE-SET. The M200A will prompt you for LO, then HI which is the lower and

upper ranges of Auto Range. Key in the values desired, then press ENTR.

5.3.4.3 Independent Ranges

Independent Ranges allows you to select different ranges for NO, NOx, and NO2.

To set up Independent Ranges press SETUP-RNGE-MODE-IND, then press ENTR. To set the

values press SETUP-RNGE-SET. The M200A will prompt you for the range of NO, NOx and

NO2 channels. Key in the desired range for each channel, press ENTR after each value.

5.3.4.4 Dilution Ratio

The dilution feature allows the M200A display the undiluted concentration of a sample collected

with a stack dilution probe. The dilution probe dilutes the gas by a fixed ratio so the analyzer is

actually detects a much lower concentration than is actually present in the stack.

The software scales the diluted sample gas concentration readings so that the outputs show the

actual stack concentrations. Also, when calibrating the instrument or setting the ranges, the

values selected are scaled to reflect the actual stack concentrations. The scaled readings are sent

to the display, analog outputs, and RS-232 port.

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To use the Dilution feature:

1. SELECT UNITS

For stack measurement, select PPM units. To set units, press SETUP-RANGE-UNIT-PPM.

Press ENTR after the unit selection is made, then EXIT to return to upper level menus.

2. SET DILUTION RATIO

The dilution ratio of the probe is entered by SETUP-RANGE-DIL. Accepted values are 1 to

1000. Press ENTR, and EXIT to return to upper level menus. A value of 1 disables the

dilution feature.

3. SELECT RANGE

The range selection is the same with dilution as with normal monitoring. See Section 5.3.4

for information on range selection. You should note however, the value entered should be the

actual concentration of the calibration gas entering the dilution probe. The units of this

number is ppm.

4. CALIBRATION

When the above selections have been made, the instrument now must be calibrated through

the dilution probe.

NOTE

Units are now in PPM. See Section 7 for calibration methods.

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5.3.4.5 Concentration Units

The M200A can display concentrations in ppb, ppm, ug/m3, mg/m3 units. Concentrations

displayed in mg/m3 and ug/m3 use 0 C, 760 mmHg for STP. Consult your local regulations for

the STP used by your agency. The following equations give approximate conversions:

NO ppb x 1.34 = NO ug/m3

NO ppm x 1.34 = NO mg/m3

NO2 ppb x 2.05 = NO2 ug/m3

NO2 ppm x 2.05 = NO2 mg/m3

NH3 ppb x 0.76 = NH3 ug/m3 - for use with the M201A NH3 analyzer

NH3 ppm x 0.76 = NH3 mg/m3

To change the current units press SETUP-RNGE-UNIT from the SAMPLE mode and select the

desired units.

NOTE

The expected span concentration values in the new units must be

re-entered into the analyzer and the unit re-calibrated using one

of the methods in Section 7.

Changing units affects all of the RS-232 values, all of the

display values, and all of the calibration values.

Example:

If the current units are in ppb and the NO span value is

400 ppb, and the units are changed to ug/m3. A new value

must be entered for the expected span concentration.

5.3.4.6 Recorder Offset

If necessary, the analog outputs can be biased to allow operation with recorders that cannot show

slightly negative readings. The output voltage of each channel can be offset ±10% of the current

setting. It can also be used to bias the input to a datalogger to offset small external ground loop

voltages that are sometimes present in monitoring systems.

The offset is set in the V/F calibration menu. Press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, scroll to A/D

CALIBRATION, then press ENTR. Select CFG-SET-OFFSET, then enter the desired offset and

press ENTR. Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE mode.

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5.3.5 Password Enable

If password protection is enabled, a password is required to access calibration or setup menus. In

the VARS menu a password is always required. To enable passwords press SETUP-PASS-ON.

A list of passwords is in Table 5-5-8.

Table 5-5-8: Calibrate, Setup Passwords

Password Usage Password

Calibration Password Use to get into CAL menus 512, 101

Setup Password Use to get into SETUP menus 818, 101

5.3.6 Time of Day Clock

The instrument has an internal time of day clock. The time of day can be set by pressing SETUP-

CLOCK-TIME and entering the time in 24hr format. In a similar manner the date can be entered

by pressing SETUP-CLOCK-DATE and entering the date in a dd-mmm-yy format.

If you are having trouble with the clock running slow or fast, the speed of the clock can be

adjusted by selecting the CLOCK_ADJ variable in the SETUP-MORE-VARS menu. The units

of CLOCK_ADJ are seconds per day.

The M200A software and hardware has been designed and tested to operate properly during the

year 2000 calendar rollover.

5.3.7 Diagnostic Mode

The M200A Diagnostic Mode allows additional tests and calibrations of the instrument. These

features are separate from the TEST functions because each DIAG function has the ability to

alter or disable the output of the instrument. While in DIAG mode no data is placed in the DAS

averages. Details on the use of Diagnostic mode are in Section 9.1.3.

5.3.8 Communications Menu

The COMM menu allows the RS-232 BAUD rate to be set. To set the BAUD rate press SETUP-

MORE-COMM-BAUD, select the appropriate BAUD rate, then press ENTR.

The instrument ID number can also be set. This ID number is attached to every RS-232 message

sent by the M200A. To set the ID press SETUP-MORE-COMM-ID and enter a 4 digit number

from 0000-9999, then press ENTR.

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5.3.9 Variables Menu (VARS)

This menu enables you to change the settings on certain internal variables. The VARS Table 9-

9-5 is located in the Troubleshooting Section 9.1.4.

5.3.10 M200A Operating Modes

The M200A has 2 main operating modes which were discussed in earlier in this section, namely

SAMPLE and SETUP modes. In addition there are other modes of operation when the

instrument is being diagnosed or calibrated. A list of M200A operating modes is given in Table

5-5-9.

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Table 5-5-9: M200A Operating Modes

Mode Description

ZERO CAL D Automatic dynamic zero calibration

ZERO CAL A Automatic zero calibration

ZERO CAL R Remote zero calibration

ZERO CAL M Manual zero calibration

SPAN CAL D Automatic dynamic span calibration

SPAN CAL A Automatic span calibration

SPAN CAL R Remote span calibration

SPAN CAL M Manual span calibration

M-P CAL Manual multi-point calibration

DIAG ELEC Electrical diagnostic test

DIAG OPTIC Optical diagnostic test

DIAG OZONE Ozone generator diagnostic test

DIAG AOUT D/A output diagnostic test

DIAG Main diagnostic menu

DIAG I/O Signal I/O diagnostic

DIAG RS232 RS232 output diagnostic

SETUP x.x Setup mode (x.x is software version)

SAMPLE ZS Sampling; automatic dynamic zero and span calibration enabled

SAMPLE Z Sampling; automatic dynamic zero calibration enabled

SAMPLE S Sampling; automatic dynamic span calibration enabled

SAMPLE A Sampling; automatic cal. enabled

SAMPLE Sampling; automatic cal. disabled

5.4 Status Output

The status output is an option that signals Analyzer conditions via contact closures on the rear

panel. The closures are available on a 50 pin connector on the rear panel. The contacts are NPN

transistors which can sink 50 ma of current. The pin assignments are listed in Table 5-5-10.

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Table 5-5-10: Status Output Pin Assignments

Output # Pin # Definition Condition

1 1,2 ZERO CAL CLOSED IN ZERO CAL

2 3,4 SPAN CAL CLOSED IN SPAN CAL

3 5,6 FLOW ALARM CLOSED IF FLOW WARNING

4 7,8 TEMP ALARM CLOSED IF ANY TEMP WARNING

5 9,10 DIAG MODE CLOSED IN DIAG MODE

6 11,12 POWER OK CLOSED IF SYSTEM POWER OK

7 13,14 SPARE

8 15,16 SPARE

9 17,18 SPARE

10 19,20 AUTORANGE - HI CLOSED IF IN HIGH RANGE

11 21,22 SYSTEM OK CLOSED IF NO FAULTS PRESENT

12 23,24 RX CELL PRESS CLOSED IF ABS PRES > 15" HG

The Status Board schematic can be found in the Appendix.

5.5 RS-232 Interface

The RS-232 communications protocol allows the instrument to be connected to a wide variety of

computer based equipment. The interface provides two basic functions in the M200A.

1. First is a comprehensive command interface for operating and diagnosing the analyzer in

interactive fashion. This mode is for use by a human operator issuing commands to the

instrument.

2. Second is the equivalent command interface described above, but with the interface set

up to be operated by a computer program rather than interactive commands.

3. The interface can also provide an audit trail of analyzer events. In this function the port

sends out messages about instrument events like calibration or warning messages. If these

messages are captured on a printer or remote computer, they provide a continuous audit trail

of the analyzers operation and status.

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5.5.1 Setting Up the RS-232 Interface

The baud rate is set from the front panel by SETUP-MORE-COMM-BAUD. Select the baud rate

appropriate for your application, 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, or 19,200. It is important to note

that the other device must have identical settings in order for the communications to work

correctly.

Second is physical wiring of the analyzer to the other unit. We have incorporated into the

Analyzer LED's that signal the presence of data on the communications lines, and also switches

to easily re-configure the analyzer from DCE to DTE if necessary. In addition the front panel

diagnostics allow test data streams to be sent out of the port on command. This flexibility and

diagnostic capability should simplify attaching our equipment to other computers or printers. If

problems occur, see the Troubleshooting Section 9.3.2.

Setup from the Front Panel

There are 2 additional RS-232 setups that can be done via the front panel.

1. Set the instrument ID number by SETUP-MORE-COMM-ID, and enter a 4 digit number

from 0000-9999. This ID number is part of every message transmitted from the port.

2. Set the RS-232 mode bit field in the VARS menu. To get to the variable press, SETUP-

MORE-VARS, then ENTR and scroll to RS232_MODE, then press EDIT. The possible

values are:

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Table 5-5-11: RS-232 Port Setup - Front Panel

Decimal Value Description

1 Turns on quiet mode (status messages suppressed)

2 Places analyzer in computer mode (no echo of chars)

4 Enables Security Features (Logon, Logoff)

8 Enables TELEDYNE API protocol and setup menus

16 Enable alternate protocol

32 Enable multidrop protocol

64 Enable modem setup string

128 Ignore RS-232 line errors

4096 Enable command prompt

NOTE

To enter the correct value, ADD the decimal values of the features you

want to enable. For example if LOGON and front panel RS-232

menus are desired, the value entered would be 4 + 8 = 12.

Port Communication

The RS-232 can be set up in interactive or computer mode of communication. If the port is

attached to a computer running an instrument interface program, it needs to have different

characteristics than if used interactively by a human operator.

When an operator is communicating with the analyzer via a terminal, the analyzer should be

placed into TERMINAL MODE, which echoes keystrokes, allows editing of the command line

using the backspace and escape keys, and allows recall of the previous command. When a host

computer or data logger is connected to the analyzer, it should be placed into COMPUTER

MODE, which does not echo characters received or allow the special editing keys. See Table 6-

6-5 for relevant commands.

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Table 5-5-12: RS-232 Switching From Terminal Mode to Computer Mode

Key Function

Control-T (ASCII 20 decimal) Switch to terminal mode (echo, edit)

Control-C (ASCII 3 decimal) Switch to computer mode (no echo, no edit)

If the command line doesn't seem to respond to keystrokes or commands, one of the first things

you should do is send a Control-T to switch the command line interface into terminal mode.

Also, some communication programs remove CTRL-T and CTRL-C characters from the byte

stream, therefore these characters will not be sent to the analyzer. Check your communications

program owners manual.

Entering Commands in Terminal Mode

In terminal mode, all commands must be terminated by a carriage return; commands are not

processed until a carriage return is entered. While entering a command you may use the

following editing keys:

Table 5-5-13: RS-232 Terminal Mode Editing Keys

Key Function

CR (carriage return) Execute command

BS (backspace) Backspace one character to the left

ESC (escape) Erase entire line

Words such as T, SET, LIST, etc. are called keywords and are shown on the help screen in

uppercase, but they are not case-sensitive. You must type the entire keyword(s), separated by

spaces; abbreviations are not accepted.

NOTE

To open the help screen, Type "?" and press the Enter key.

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Security Feature

The RS-232 port is often connected to a public telephone line which could compromise

instrument security. If the LOGON feature is implemented the port has the following attributes:

1. A password is required before the port will operate.

2. If the port is inactive for 1 hour, it will automatically LOGOFF.

3. Repeat attempts at logging on with incorrect passwords will cause subsequent logins

(even with the correct password) to be disabled for 1 hour.

4. If not logged on, the only command that is active is the '?'.

5. The following messages will be given at logon.

LOG ON SUCCESSFUL Correct password given

LOG ON FAILED Password not given or incorrect

LOG OFF SUCCESSFUL Logged off

The RS-232 LOGON feature must be enabled from the front panel by setting bit 4. See

Table 6-6-4. Once the feature is enabled, to logon type:

LOGON 940331

940331 is the default password. The password can be changed to any number from 0 to 999999

by the variable RS232_PASS. To change the password enter the command:

V RS232_PASS=NNNNNN

which sets the password to the value NNNNNN.

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Communication Protocols

The RS-232 port can communicate in the following protocols.

1. Teledyne API protocol – some of the features of this protocol are covered in Section 5.5.2. A

comprehensive manual is available separately as p/n 01350 RS-232 Programming Notes.

2. Alternate protocol – this protocol is used for communicating on proprietary networks.

3. Multidrop protocol – used for communication with multiple Teledyne API instruments on a

single RS-232 line. A manual is available separately as Teledyne API p/n 01842 Multidrop

Programming Manual.

Communication with a modem

If this bit is set, the instrument will send a setup string out the RS-232 port at power-up. The

string correctly sets up a US Robotics Sportster Modem. No other brands of modem are

supported at this time.

RS-232 Line Errors

Allows the software to ignore certain errors involving the computation of parity.

Enable Command prompt

Setting this bit causes instrument to issue a command prompt after each command output. Useful

when operating in Terminal Mode.

5.5.2 Command Summary

The information contained in the rest of this section covers commonly used commands that are

required to operate the instrument from a remote terminal. If you are going to be writing

computer programs to communicate with the M200A (i.e. operating the port in COMPUTER

MODE) we suggest that you order a supplementary manual "The RS-232 Interface", Teledyne

API part number 01350. This manual describes additional features of the port.

The Teledyne API RS-232 interface includes multidrop capability, to permit the connection of

more than one analyzer to a single RS-232 line. To identify each Analyzer, an optional ID

number is permitted for all commands. If you don’t include the ID number in the command, all

of the instruments connected to the RS-232 interface will respond. If you include the ID number

in the command, only the instrument whose ID number matches will execute the command.

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Table 5-5-14: RS-232 Command Summary

Commands Definition

? [id] Print help screen. ID is an optional instrument ID number

T [id] LIST Print all active test messages

T [id] LIST name or

T [id] name

Print single test message "name" from Table 5-15

W [id] LIST Print all active warnings

W [id] CLEAR name or

W [id] name

Clear single warning message "name" from Table 5-16

C [id] command Execute calibration "command" from Table 5-17

D [id] LIST Prints all I/O signal values

D [id] name Print single I/O signal value/state

D [id] name=value Sets I/O signal to new "value"

D [id] LIST NAMES Lists diagnostic test names

D [id] ENTER name Enters and starts 'name' diagnostic test

D [id] EXIT Exits diagnostic mode

D [id] RESET Resets analyzer(same as power-on)

D [id] RESET RAM System reset, plus erases RAM. Initializes DAS, NO, NOx, NO2 conc

readings, calib not affected.

D [id] RESET EEPROM System reset, plus erases EEPROM (RESET RAM actions + setup

variables, calibration to default values). Restores all factory defaults.

D [id] PRINT Prints properties for all data channels (DAS)

D [id] PRINT "name” Prints properties for single data channel. Quotes around name are

required.

D [id] REPORT "name"

[RECORDS=number]

[COMPACT|VERBOSE]

Prints DAS records for a data channel. Quotes around name are

required. Parameters in brackets are optional.

V [id] LIST Print all setup variable names and values

V [id] name Print individual setup variable value

V [id] name=value Sets setup variable to new "value"

V [id] CONFIG Print analyzer configuration

V [id] MODE Print current analyzer mode

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Table 5-5-15: RS-232 Command Summary

Terminal Mode Editing Keys Definition

BS Backspace

ESC Erase line

CR Execute command

^C Switch to computer mode

Computer Mode Editing Keys Definition

LF Execute command

^T Switch to terminal mode

Security Features Definition

LOGON [id] password Establish connection to analyzer

LOGOFF [id] Disconnect from analyzer

General Output Message Format

Reporting of status messages for use as an audit trail is one of the two principal uses for the RS-

232 interface. You can effectively disable the asynchronous reporting feature by setting the

interface to quiet mode. All messages output from the analyzer (including those output in

response to a command line request) have the format:

X DDD:HH:MM IIII MESSAGE

X is a character indicating the message type, as shown in the Table 5-5-16.

DDD:HH:MM is a time-stamp indicating the day-of-year (DDD) as a number from 1 to 366, the

hour of the day (HH) as a number from 00 to 23, and the minute (MM) as a number from 00 to

59.

IIII is the 4-digit machine ID number.

MESSAGE contains warning messages, test measurements, DAS reports, variable values, etc.

The uniform nature of the output messages makes it easy for a host computer to parse them.

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Table 5-5-16: RS-232 Interface Command Types

First Character Message Type

C Calibration

D Diagnostic

T Test measurement

V Variable

W Warning

There are 5 different types of messages output by the M200A. The meanings of the various

messages are discussed elsewhere in the manual. The TEST, DIAGNOSTIC and WARNING

messages are discussed in Section 9.1, 9.2, 9.3. DAS and VARIABLES are discussed in Section

5.3.3 and 5.3.9. CALIBRATE is discussed in Section 7.

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5.5.3 TEST Commands and Messages

Table 5-5-17: RS-232 Test Messages

Name Message Description

RANGE2 RANGE=xxxxx PPB3 Analyzer range

NOXRANGE1 NOX RNG=xxxxx PPB3 Indep. Range for NOx channel

NORANGE1 NO RNG=xxxxx PPB3 Indep. Range for NO channel

NO2RANGE1 NO2 RNG=xxxxx PPB3 Indep. Range for NO2 channel

STABILITY NOX STB=xxxx.xx PPB Std. Deviation of last 10 min NOx conc values

SAMPFLOW SAMP FLW=xxx CC/M Sample flow rate

OZONEFLOW OZONE FL=xxxx CC/M Ozone flow rate

PMT PMT=xxxxxx MV PMT output

NORMPMT NORM PMT=xxxxxx MV Normalized PMT output

AUTOZERO AZERO=xxxxx MV AutoZero filter value

HVPS HVPS=xxxxx V High voltage power supply

DCPS DCPS=xxxxxx MV DC power supply

RCELLTEMP RCELL TEMP=xxx C Reaction cell temperature

BOXTEMP BOX TEMP=xxx C Internal box temperature

PMTTEMP PMT TEMP=xxx C PMT temperature

IZSTEMP IZS TEMP=xxxx C IZS temperature

CONVTEMP MOLY TEMP=xxx C Molycon temperature

RCELLPRESS RCEL=xxx.x IN-HG-A Rx cell pressure

SAMPPRESS SAMP=xxx.x IN-HG-A Sample pressure

NOXSLOPE NOX SLOPE=xxxxx NOx slope parameter

NOXOFFSET NOX OFFS=xxxxx NOx offset parameter

NOSLOPE NO SLOPE=xxxxxx NO slope parameter

NOOFFSET NO OFFS=xxxxxx NO offset parameter

NO2CONC NO2=xxxxx PPB Instantaneous NO2 concentration

NOXCONC NOX=xxxxx PPB Instantaneous NOx concentration

NOCONC NO=xxxxx PPB Instantaneous NO concentration

TESTCHAN TEST=xxxxx MV Test channel diagnostic output

CLOCKTIME TIME=HH:MM:SS Time of day

1Displayed when independent range is enabled.

2Displayed when single or auto range is enabled.

3Depends on which units are currently selected.

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The T command lists TEST messages. Examples of the T command are:

T LIST Lists all active test messages

T LIST ALL Lists all test messages

T CONVTEMP Prints the temperature of the moly converter

T LIST NOX Prints NOx concentration message

T NOX Prints NOx concentration message

5.5.4 WARNING Commands and Messages

Table 5-5-18: RS-232 Warning Messages

Name Message Description

WSYSRES SYSTEM RESET Analyzer was reset/powered on

WRAMINIT RAM INITIALIZED RAM was erased

WSAMPFLOW SAMPLE FLOW WARN Sample flow out of spec.

WOZONEFLOW OZONE FLOW WARNING Ozone flow out of spec.

WRCELLPRESS RCELL PRESS WARN Rx cell pressure out of spec

WBOXTEMP BOX TEMP WARNING Box temp. out of spec.

WRCELLTEMP RCELL TEMP WARNING Reaction cell temp. out of spec.

WIZSTMP IZS TEMP WARNING IZS temp. out of spec.

WCONVTEMP MOLY TEMP WARNING Molycon temp. out of spec.

WPMTTEMP PMT TEMP WARNING Molycon temp. out of spec.

WAUTOZERO AZERO WRN XXX.X MV AutoZero filter received a reading out

of limit spec.

WHVPS HVPS WARNING High voltage out of spec.

WDCPS DCPS WARNING DC Voltage out of spec.

WOZONEGEN OZONE GEN OFF Ozone generator is off

WDYNZERO CANNOT DYN ZERO Dynamic zero cal. out of spec.

WDYNSPAN CANNOT DYN SPAN Dynamic span cal. out of spec.

WVFDET V/F NOT DETECTED V/F board not installed or broken

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Whenever a warning message is reported on the analyzer display, if the RS-232 interface is in

the normal mode(i.e. not in quiet mode) the warning message is also sent to the RS-232

interface. These messages are helpful when trying to track down a problem with the analyzer and

for determining whether or not the DAS reports are actually valid. The warning message format

is for example:

W 194:11:03 0000 SAMPLE FLOW WARN

The format of a warning command is W command. Examples of warning commands are:

W LIST List all current warnings

W CLEAR ALL Clear all current Warnings

Individual warnings may be cleared via the front panel or the command line interface. To clear

the sample flow warning shown above the command would be:

W WSAMPFLOW

5.5.5 CALIBRATION Commands and Messages

There are several methods of both checking the calibration and calibrating the M200A, these are

discussed in Section 7. The C command executes a calibration command, which may be one of

the following:

Table 5-5-19: RS-232 Calibration Commands

Command Description

C [id] ZERO [1 or 2] Start remote zero calibration. The number is optional and selects the

range to calibrate. If not specified, the range defaults to range 1.

C [id] COMPUTE ZERO Tells the instrument to compute a new slope and offset. Same as

pressing ZERO-ENTR on front panel. Must be given after a C ZERO

command.

C [id] SPAN [1 or 2] Start remote span calibration.

C [id] COMPUTE SPAN Tells the instrument to compute a new slope and offset. Same as

pressing SPAN -ENTR on front panel. Must be given after a C SPAN

command.

C [id] ASEQ number Executes automatic calibration sequence (1, 2, or 3).

C [id] EXIT Exits the current calibration step and goes to the next one.

C [id] ABORT Aborts the entire calibration sequence.

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Table 5-5-20: RS-232 Calibration Examples

Action RS-232 Commands Comments

Zero Calibration C ZERO

C COMPUTE ZERO

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

zero gas. Zero cal in Single

Range mode.

Zero Calibration of low range -

AutoRange Enabled

C ZERO 1

C COMPUTE ZERO

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

zero gas. Zero calibration of

low range in Auto Range

mode.

Span Calibration of high range -

AutoRange Enabled

C SPAN 2

C COMPUTE SPAN

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

span gas. Span calibration of

high range in Auto Range

mode.

Zero Calibration with Dynamic

Calibration enabled

C ZERO

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

zero gas. Instrument is zero

calibrated if DYN CAL is

enabled.

Zero Calibration C ZERO

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

zero gas. Instrument zero is

just checked, but not changed.

Execute AutoCal Sequence #2 C ASEQ 2 Execute a predefined AutoCal

Sequence. Executes sequence

immediately, ignoring time and

date parameters.

Span Calibration Check C SPAN

C EXIT

Z/S valves switched to admit

span gas. Instrument span is

just checked, but not changed.

Whenever the analyzer starts or finishes an IZS calibration, it issues a status report to the RS-232

interface. If the RS-232 interface is in the normal mode, these reports will be sent. Otherwise,

they will be discarded. Table 5-19 shows the format of the text of the calibration messages. An

example of an actual sequence of calibration status messages is:

C DDD:HH:MM IIII START MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

C DDD:HH:MM IIII NOX=xxxxx PPB NO=xxxxx PPB NO2=xxxxx PPB

C DDD:HH:MM IIII FINISH MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

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Table 5-5-21: RS-232 Calibration Messages

Message Description

START ZERO CALIBRATION Beginning IZS zero calibration

NOX1=xxxxx PPB2 NO1=xxxxx PPB2 NO21=xxxxx PPB2

FINISH ZERO CALIBRATION

Finished IZS zero calibration

START SPAN CALIBRATION Beginning IZS span calibration

NOX1=xxxxx PPB2 NO1=xxxxx PPB2 NO21=xxxxx PPB2

FINISH SPAN CALIBRATION

Finished IZS span calibration

START MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION Beginning multi-point calibration

NOX1=xxxxx PPB2 NO1=xxxxx PPB2 NO21=xxxxx PPB2

FINISH MULTI-POINT CALIBRATION

Finished multi-point calibration

1Depends on software options installed.

2Depends on which units are currently selected.

5.5.6 DIAGNOSTIC Commands and Messages

When Diagnostic mode is entered from the RS-232 port, the diagnostic mode issues additional

status messages to indicate which diagnostic test is currently selected. Examples of Diagnostic

mode messages are:

D DDD:HH:MM IIII ENTER DIAGNOSTIC MODE

D DDD:HH:MM IIII EXIT DIAGNOSTIC MODE

Example of turning on the Ozone Generator via the RS-232 port:

D ENTER SIG

D OZONE_GEN=ON

D EXIT

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The following is a summary of the Diagnostic commands.

Table 5-5-22: RS-232 Diagnostic Command Summary

Command Description

D [id] LIST Prints all I/O signal values. See Table 9-4 for Sig I/O definitions.

D [id] name=value Examines or sets I/O signal. For a list of signal names see Table 9-9-4

in Section 9. Must issue D ENTER SIG command before using this

command.

D [id] LIST NAMES Prints names of all diagnostic tests.

D [id] ENTER SIG

D [id] ENTER OT

D [id] ENTER ET

Executes SIGNAL I/O diagnostic test.

Executes Optic Test diagnostic test.

Executes Elect Test diagnostic test.

Example of Ozone Generator diagnostic is in Section 9.3.6.

Use D EXIT to leave these diagnostic modes.

D [id] EXIT Must use this command to exit SIG, ET or OT Diagnostic modes.

D [id] RESET Resets analyzer software (same as power on).

D [id] RESET RAM Resets analyzer software and erases RAM. Erases NO, NOx, NO2 conc

values. Keeps setup variables and calibration. (same as installing new

software version).

D [id] RESET EEPROM Resets analyzer software and erases RAM and EEPROM. Returns all

setup variables to factory defaults, resets calibration, AutoZero values.

5.5.7 DAS Commands and Message

The M200A contains a flexible and powerful built in data acquisition system (DAS) that enables

the analyzer to store concentration data as well as diagnostic parameters in its battery backed

memory. This information can be printed out through the RS-232 port. The diagnostic data can

be used for performing “Predictive Diagnostics” and trending to determine when maintenance

and servicing will be required.

To print out the properties of all of the data channels enter:

D PRINT

To print the properties of just a single data channel enter:

D PRINT "name”

For example to print the properties of the CONC data channel enter:

D PRINT “CONC”

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To print records from a DAS data channel enter:

D REPORT “name” RECORDS=nnn COMPACT|VERBOSE

Examples of reports are:

D REPORT “CONC” RECORDS=35 VERBOSE

D REPORT “CALDAT” RECORDS=10

D REPORT “PNUMTC” RECORDS=155 VERBOSE

Automatic RS-232 reporting can be independently enabled and disabled for each Data Channel.

For all default data channels, automatic reporting is initially set to “OFF.” If this property is

turned on, the Data Channel will issue a report with a time and date stamp to the RS-232 port

every time a data point is logged. The report format is shown below:

D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : AVG NXCNC1 = 1234.5 PPB

D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : AVG NOCNC1 = 1234.5 PPB

D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : AVG N2CNC1 = 1234.5 PPB

One CONC report consists of:

D = Type of report (Diagnostic)

94:08:00 = Time and Date stamp (Julian day, Hr, Min)

0200 = Instrument ID number

CONC = Data Channel name

CONC = concentration data

PNUMTC = pneumatic parameters

CALDAT = calibration parameters

AVG = Type of data

AVG = average reading

INST = instantaneous reading

NXCNC1 = 1234.5 PPB = Name of the parameter

NX = NOx,

NO = NO

N2 = NO2.

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All of the default Data Channels sample more than one parameter, for these channels, each

parameter is printed on a separate line.

There is also a compact format. If this attribute is enabled, all 3 concentration parameters are

printed on one line as shown below:

D 94:08:00 0200 CONC : 20.0 120.0 100.0

The parameters are in the order of NO2, NOx, and NO.

To change any of the attributes of a particular data channel, the channel attributes are edited

from the front panel. The following table uses the example of Automatic Reporting. Other

attributes can be edited in a similar fashion.

5.5.8 Internal Variables

A list of M200A variables is shown in Table 9-5.

A list of variables and their settings can be requested over the RS-232 port by:

V LIST Lists internal variables and values

The output from this command is long and will not be shown here. The general format of the

output is:

name = value warning_lo warning_hi (data_lo to data_hi)

Where:

name = name of the variable

value = current value of variable

warning_lo = lower limit warning (displayed if applicable)

warning_hi = upper limit warning (displayed if applicable)

data_lo = lower limit of allowable values

data_hi = upper limit of allowable values

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Variables can be changed. Before changing the settings on any variables, please make sure you

understand the consequences of the change. We recommend you call the factory before changing

the settings on any variables. The general format for changing the settings on a variable is:

V name[=value [warn_lo [warn_hi]]]

For example to change the warning limits on the box temperature type:

V BOX_SET 30 10 50

and the CPU should respond with:

V DDD:HH:MM IIII BOX_SET=30 10 50 (0 to 60)

The CONFIG command lists the software configuration. To show the software configuration,

type:

V CONFIG

In addition to SAMPLE and SETUP modes the M200A has a number of additional operational

modes. They are listed in Table 5-5. To list the analyzer's current mode type:

V MODE

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

6 OPTIONAL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

Optional equipment offered with the M200A includes:

1. Rack mount with slides (P/N 01469)

2. Rack mount without slides, ears only (P/N 01470)

3. Rack mount for external pump w/o tray (P/N 0099701)

4. Stainless steel zero/span valves (P/N 01468)

5. Internal zero/span - IZS (P/N 01223)

6. 4-20mA, isolated outputs (P/N 01471)

7. Internal pump (P/N 01237)

6.1 Rack Mount Options

Rack Mount permits the Analyzer to be mounted in a standard 19" wide x 24" deep RETMA

rack.

1. Rack mount with slides

2. Rack mount without slides

The external pump can be ordered in the following configurations:

1. External pump pack – standard configuration

2. Pump pack with rack mount tray to enable slide out servicing

3. Pump pack with rack mount - fixed tray

6.2 Zero/Span Valves

The Zero/Span Valve option consists of two stainless steel solenoid valves. Connections are

provided on the rear panel for span gas and zero gas inputs to the valves, see Table 2-2-2. The

valves can be actuated by several methods as shown in Table 6-1.

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Table 6-6-1: Zero/Span Valve Operation

Mode Description Reference Section

1. Front panel operation via

CALS and CALZ buttons

Calibration Section 7 - Manual Zero/Span Check.

2. Automatic operation using

AUTOCAL

Setup and use of AUTOCAL is described in Table 6-2,

and Section 7.4.

3. Remote operation using the

RS-232 interface

Setup described in Table 6-2. Operation of AUTOCAL

described in Section 5.5 and Section 7 - Calibration. A

complete description of the RS-232 interface is available.

Order part number 01530.

4. Remote operation using

external contact closures

Section 7.7 - Automatic operation using external contact

closures. Truth Table 7-9 and Section 9.3.4.3.

The Zero/Span valves have 3 operational states:

1. Sample mode. Here both valves are de-energized and sample gas passes through the

sample/cal valve and into the analyzer.

2. Zero mode. The sample/cal valve is energized to the cal mode. The zero/span valve is de-

energized in the zero mode, thus allowing zero gas to be admitted through the rear panel

bulkhead fitting into the analyzer.

3. Span mode. The sample/cal valve is energized and in the cal mode. The zero/span valve

is energized in the span mode. With both valves on, span gas is admitted through a rear panel

bulkhead fitting into the analyzer.

Zero air and span gas inlets should supply their respective gases in excess of the 500 cc/min

demand of the Analyzer. Supply and vent lines should be of sufficient length and diameter to

prevent back diffusion and pressure effects. See Table 2-2-3 for fitting location and tubing

recommendations.

Adequate zero air can be supplied by connecting a Purafil/charcoal scrubber and 5 micron

particulate filter (Teledyne API P/N 000369) to the zero air inlet tubing. The zero air scrubber

used in conjunction with the Zero/Span Valve option provides an inexpensive source of zero air.

Another source of zero air is the Model 701 zero air generator.

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6.3 Internal Zero/Span (IZS)

The IZS option includes the Zero/Span Valves described above, a temperature-controlled

permeation tube oven, and a rear panel mounted zero air scrubber. The IZS system is activated

by the same methods as described in Table 6-1 for the zero/span valves. The setup of the IZS is

the same as that of the valves and is described in Table 6-2.

The IZS system operation is similar to the zero/span valve operation, except that the source of

the zero air and span gas are supplied at the analyzer via a scrubber and permeation tube

respectively. See Section 7.1 - calibration for operational details. A continuous purge flow of

approximately 60 cc/min is drawn across the permeation tube to prevent span gas accumulation

when the permeation tube is not in use.

If the instrument is going to be turned off for more than 8 hours, the permeation tube must be

removed from the oven. The perm tube continues to release gas even while at room temp thus

causing high concentrations of NO2 gas to accumulate. The high NO2 levels cause high

background readings when operation is resumed.

6.4 Autocal - Setup of IZS and Zero/Span Valves

The Autocal system operates by executing SEQUENCES. It is possible to enable up to 3

sequences, each sequence operates in one of 4 MODES:

Table 6-6-2: IZS Sequence Modes

Mode No. Mode Name Action

1. Disabled Disables the Sequence

2. Zero Does a Zero Calibration

3. Zero-Span Does a Zero and Span Calibration

4. Span Does a Span Calibration

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For each mode there are seven attributes that the MODE can have that control operational details

of the SEQUENCE. They are:

Table 6-6-3: IZS Sequence Attributes

Attribute No. Attribute Name Action

1. Timer Enabled Turns on the Sequence timer

2. Starting Date Sequence will operate after Starting Date

3. Starting Time Time of day sequence will run

4. Delta Days Number of days to skip between each Seq. execution

5. Delta Time Number of hours later each “Delta Days” Seq is to be run

6. Duration Number of minutes the sequence operates

7. Calibrate Calibrate the instrument at end of sequence

Example of enabling sequence #2:

Do a span check ½ hour later every other day, lasting 15 minutes, without calibration.

Table 6-6-4: IZS Sequence Example

Mode and Attribute Value Comment

Sequence 2 Define Seq. #2

Mode 4 Select Span Mode

Timer Enable ON Enable the timer

Starting Date Sept. 4, 1996 Start after Sept 4

Starting Time 01:00 First Span starts at 1:00AM

Delta Days 2 Do Seq #2 every other day

Delta Time 00:30 Do Seq #2 ½ hr later each time

Duration 15.0 Operate Span valve for 15 min

Calibrate NO Do not calibrate at end of Seq

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Table 6-6-5: Example of AutoCal Setup

Step Action Comment

1. Press SETUP-ACAL This button sequence will cause the AUTOCAL menu to be displayed

2. Press PREV-NEXT Press PREV-NEXT until SEQ 2 is displayed

3. Press MODE Select the MODE menu

3. Press PREV-NEXT Press PREV NEXT to scroll to SPAN

4. Press ENTR ENTR selects the SPAN MODE

5. Press SET Select the SET menu to change the sequence attributes

6. Press PREV-NEXT Scroll the SET menu to TIMER ENABLE

7. Press EDIT Allows changing the TIMER ENABLE attribute, select ON

8. Press ENTR ENTR changes TIMER ENABLE to ON

9. Press PREV-NEXT Repeat steps 6-9 for each attribute

10. Press EXIT Press the EXIT key to return to upper level menus

6.5 Permeation Tube

NO2 - nitrogen dioxide - is normally a gas at room temperature and pressure, but can be liquified

at moderate pressures. The permeation tube consists of a small container of NO2 liquid, with a

small window of PTFE which is permeable to NO2, see Table 6-6-6. The gas slowly permeates

through the window at a rate in the nanogram/min range. If the tube is kept at constant

temperature, usually about 50 C, the device will provide a stable source of NO2 gas for a year or

more. See below for permeation tube ordering information.

The NO2 concentration is determined by the permeation tube specific output (ng/min @ 1 slpm

@ 50o C), the permeation tube temperature (o C) and the air flow across it (slpm). The specific

output in ng/min is a fixed function of the permeation tube and is noted on shipping container.

The ng/min units can be converted to ppb units by the following equation:

























mole/cc500,24

min/cc560

NOmole/gr46

min)/ng(outputtubeperm

NOppb

Where:

perm tube output (ng/min) = The perm tube output in nanograms/minute

46 gr/mole NO2 = The molecular weight of nitrogen dioxide (NO2)

560 cc/min = The flow rate of zero air over the permeation tube

24,500cc/mole = The volume of air (at 25 C and 1 atm pressure) that contains 1 mole of air

molecules

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If an ammonia permeation tube is being used, substitute the molecular weight of NH3 (17

g/mole) for that of NO2.

The temperature is set at 50.0o C. Check SETUP-MORE-VARS and scroll to the IZS-SET

variable to verify that the temperature is properly set. It should be set to 50o C with over-and-

under temperature warnings set at 49o C and 51o C. There is a 60 cc/min flow across the

permeation tube at all times to prevent build-up of NO2 gas in the tubing.

If desired, the output of the permeation tube can be adjusted by adjusting the oven temperature

up or down slightly. The adjust increment is 0.1o C to facilitate small adjustments of the setpoint

temperature.

WARNING

Do not leave instrument turned off for more than 8 hours

without removing the permeation tube. Do not ship the

instrument without removing the permeation tube. The

tube continues to emit NO2, even at room temperature

and will contaminate the entire instrument.

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Table 6-6-6: IZS Option - Permeation Tube Installation

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TELEDYNE API recommends that you purchase replacement permeation tubes from:

VICI METRONICS

2991 Corvin Drive

Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA

Phone 408-737-0550 Fax 408-737-0346

The M200A uses 560 cc/min of zero air over the perm tube. Therefore you should order a

permeation tube with a SPECIFIC OUTPUT of 400 to 450 ppb at .560 liter/minute. This will

give you a IZS Span response of 80 to 90% of full scale in the 500 ppb range. Refer to the above

equation for calculating other concentrations and instrument flow rates.

Once the Analyzer and permeation tube have stabilized, the response to the permeation tube is

not expected to change more than ± 5%. If, during a periodic span check, the response varies by

more than 5%, or more importantly, shows drift, then there may be a problem with the Analyzer

or permeation tube, see Section 9.3.9.

Suggested permeation tubes:

NO2 Permeation tube - uncertified 0.4ppm @ 0.5 lpm

NO2 Permeation tube - certified 0.4ppm @ 0.5 lpm

NO2 Permeation tube - certified 0.8ppm @ 0.5 lpm

NO2 Permeation tube - uncertified 0.8ppm @ 0.5 lpm

6.6 4-20 mA Current Loop Output

The current loop option replaces the voltage output of the instrument with an isolated 4-20 mA

current loop. The current outputs come out on the same terminals that were used for voltage

outputs, see Table 2-2-2. See Troubleshooting Section 9.3.3 for setup and calibration.

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

7 CALIBRATION AND ZERO/SPAN CHECKS

There are several ways to check and adjust the calibration of the M200A. These different

methods are summarized in Table 7-7-1. In addition, all of the methods described in this section

can be initiated and controlled via the RS-232 port.

We strongly recommend that SPAN CALIBRATION be done with NO span gas, although it is

possible with NO2 (see Section 7.6), or with gas from a GPT system. SPAN CHECKS can be

done with either NO only, NO2 only or a mixture of NO and NO2 (GPT).

Zero air used for all calibration procedures, including GPT, should have < .1 ppb NO or NO2,

less than 1 ppb of major interferents such as SO2 and NH3, and a dew point of -5o C or less. The

calibration gasses should be from a reliable supplier, since the quality of the tank concentration

values ultimately determines the accuracy of the analyzer. EPA protocol calibration gasses

should be used for EPA monitoring, see Section 7.8.

NOTE

If you are using the M200A for EPA monitoring, only the

calibration method described in Section 7.8 should be used.

NOTE

If there are any problems completing any of the following procedures,

refer to Section 9.2.8 and 9.2.9 - Unable to Span or Zero.

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Table 7-7-1: Types of Zero/Span Check and Calibration

Section Type of Cal or Check Description

7.1 Manual Z/S Check or Calibration

through the sample port

This calibration option uses calibration gas

coming in through the sample port. IZS and

Zero/Span valves do not operate.

7.2 Manual Z/S Check or Calibration with

Z/S Valves Option.

How to operate Zero/Span Valves Option. Can be

used to check or adjust calibration.

7.3 Manual Z/S Check with IZS Option How to operate IZS option. Can be used to check

or adjust calibration.

7.4 Automatic Z/S Check with Z/S Valves

or IZS Options

Operates Z/S valves or IZS once per day to check

the calibration.

7.5 Dynamic Z/S Calibration with Z/S

Valves or IZS Option

Operates Z/S valves or IZS once per day and

adjusts calibration.

7.6 Calibrate using NO2 Permeation Tube Allows calibration using NO2 gas from the IZS

permeation tube.

7.7 Use of Z/S Valves or IZS with Remote

Contact Closure

Operates Z/S valves or IZS with rear panel

contact closures. Without valves or IZS, can be

used to switch instrument into zero or span cal

mode. Used for either checking or adjusting

zero/span.

7.8 EPA Protocol Calibration Covers methods to be used if data is for EPA

equivalency monitoring.

7.9 Special Calibration Requirements for

Independent Ranges or AutoRanging

Covers special requirements if using Independent

Range or AutoRange.

7.10 Calibration Quality Information on how to determine if the calibration

performed will result in optimum instrument

performance.

7.11 References Contains a list of references on quality control

and calibration.

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Table 7-7-2: Calibration Setup

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7.1 Manual Zero/Span Check or Cal With Zero/Span Gas in

the Sample Port

The calibration of the instrument can be checked or adjusted using gas from the sample port.

This method is often used when the calibration gas is supplied from an external calibrator and

valve system or when the Analyzer does not include the IZS or Z/S valves option.

Since the zero gas concentration is defined as 0 ppb, it is not necessary to enter the expected zero

value. Table 7-7-3 details the zero calibrate procedure with zero gas coming in through the

sample port.

Table 7-7-3: Manual Zero Calibration Procedure - Zero Gas Thru Sample Port

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL The M200A enters the calibrate mode from sample mode. The

zero gas must come in through the sample port.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at zero value.

3. Press ZERO If you change your mind after pressing ZERO, you can still

press EXIT here without zeroing the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

5. Press EXIT M200A returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration,

data is not added to the DAS averages.

Next, enter the expected NOx and NO span gas concentrations:

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Table 7-7-4: Enter Expected Span Gas Concentrations Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press

CAL-CONC-NOX

This key sequence causes the M200A to prompt for the

expected NOx concentration.

Enter the NOx span concentration value by pressing the key

under each digit until the expected value is set. This menu can

also be entered from CALS or CALZ.

2. Press ENTR ENTR stores the expected NOx span value.

3. Press

CAL-CONC-NO

Now enter the expected NO span concentration as in step one.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR stores the NO span value and returns the

prompt to the CONC menu.

5. Press EXIT Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

If desired, compensation for moly converter efficiency (CE) can be included in the NOx

concentration calculation. The CE must be entered prior to calibration. Refer to Section 7.8.6 for

the CE procedure.

Table 7-7-5: Manual Span Calibration Procedure - Span Gas thru Sample Port

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL The M200A enters the calibrate mode. NO span gas should be

fed to the sample port.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at span value.

3. Press SPAN If you change your mind after pressing SPAN, you can still

press EXIT here without spanning the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations and

causes the instrument to read the NO and NOx span

concentrations.

5. Press EXIT M200A returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration,

data is not added to the DAS averages.

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7.2 Manual Zero/Span Check or Calibration with

Zero/Span Valves Option

The Zero/Span valve option can be operated from the front panel keyboard. In the Zero/Span

valve option the zero and span gas come into the valves through ports on the rear panel of the

instrument.

Table 7-7-6: Manual Zero Calibration Procedure - Z/S Valves

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CALZ The analyzer enters the zero calibrate mode. This switches the

sample/cal and zero/span valves to allow zero gas to come in

through the zero gas inlet port in the rear panel.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at zero value.

3. Press ZERO If you change your mind after pressing ZERO, you can still

press EXIT here without zeroing the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations,

forcing the reading to zero.

5. Press EXIT M200A returns to sample mode. Immediately after

calibration, readings do not go into the DAS averages.

Refer to Table 7-7-4 to enter expected NO and NOx values.

Table 7-7-7: Manual Span Calibration Procedure - Z/S Valves

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CALS The M200A enters the calibrate mode from sample mode.

This operates the sample/cal and zero/span valves to allow

span gas to come in through the cal gas inlet port in the rear

panel or optional permeation tube.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at span value.

3. Press SPAN If you change your mind after pressing SPAN, you can still

press EXIT here without spanning the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

5. Press EXIT M200A returns to sampling. Immediately after calibration,

data is not added to the DAS averages.

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7.3 Manual Zero/Span Check with IZS Option

The Internal Zero/Span (IZS) system can be operated from the front panel keyboard. When the

M200A is in the SAMPLE mode, and the IZS option is installed, the CALS (Calibrate-Span) or

CALZ (Calibrate-Zero) buttons will be visible. When the buttons are pressed, valves are

switched to allow zero air or NO2 gas to be input into the instrument.

It is not possible to calibrate the M200A on a NO2 permeation tube unless the CAL-ON-NO2

option is enabled. This is because the NO2 permeation tube contains no NO gas. We recommend

a NO tank with calibration certificate for complete calibration or see CAL-ON-NO2 Section 7.6.

To do a manual zero check with the IZS Option, press CALZ, then wait about 10 minutes for the

zero reading to stabilize. The zero value in the display, and analog output is the zero value. Press

EXIT to return to SAMPLE mode. This procedure does not change the zero calibration of the

instrument.

To do a manual NO2 check, press CALS, then wait about 10 minutes for the NO2 reading to

stabilize. The concentration value in the display, and analog output is the span value. Press EXIT

to return to SAMPLE mode. This procedure does not change the span calibration of the

instrument.

7.4 Automatic Zero/Span Check

In a typical air monitoring application it is desirable to have the analyzer automatically check

(AUTOCAL) its calibration each day. If equipped with Z/S valves or the IZS option, the M200A

can provide a daily calibration check. There are many operational choices such as moving the

check backwards or forwards a fixed time each day.

Setup of the AUTOCAL is covered in Table 6-6-2.

7.5 Dynamic Zero/Span Calibration

The AUTOCAL system described above can also optionally be used to calibrate the instrument

once each 24 hours. The dynamic calibration is enabled by setting Dynamic Zero/Span buttons

to ON.

Before proceeding with enabling DYNAMIC Z/S you must setup the AUTOCAL feature.

Enabling AUTOCAL is described in Table 6-6-2. To enable DYNAMIC Zero/Span Calibration:

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Table 7-7-8: Enabling Dynamic Zero/Span

StepNumber Action Comment

1. Press

SETUP-ACAL

Causes the M200A go to the AutoCal menu.

2. Press

PREV-NEXT

Select the sequence you want for dynamic calibration.

3. Press SET Select the SET menu.

4. Press

PREV-NEXT

Scroll through the SET menu to the CALIBRATE attribute.

5. Press EDIT Set the CALIBRATE attribute value to ON to enable Dynamic

Span.

6. Press EXIT Causes the M200A to return to SAMPLE mode.

NOTE

If you try a Dynamic span calibration using the NO2 permeation tube

as a calibration gas source, the NO channel concentration will be zero

due to the lack of NO in the NO2 permeation tube. An error message

will be displayed, CANNOT CALIBRATE. We recommend a calibrated

NO tank for complete calibration. Also see the CAL-ON-NO2 option.

With dynamic calibration turned on, the instrument will re-set the slope and offset values for the

NO and NOx channel each day. This continual re-adjustment of calibration parameters can often

mask subtle fault conditions in the analyzer. It is recommended that if Dynamic Cal is enabled,

the TEST functions, and SLOPE and OFFSET values in the M200A are checked frequently to

assure high quality and accurate data from the instrument.

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7.6 Calibrate on NO2 Permeation Tube

If the M200A is equipped with the IZS option, is possible to span the instrument on the

permeation tube. If this feature is enabled, the instrument internal valves are set so that gas is

routed through the permeation tube, then the moly converter, thus producing NO gas. The

software is programmed to use this known NO gas concentration to span both the NO and NOx

channels of the instrument. Thus, if CAL-ON-NO2 is enabled, the CALS button now will span

both the NO and NOx channels of the instrument.

CAUTION

This feature has some unexpected side effects.

If CAL-ON-NO2 is enabled and you do a SPAN CHECK or SPAN CAL, the NO2 concentration

will be reported as ZERO! This is because all of the NO2 gas is being routed through the

molybdenum converter during both the NO and NOx portions of the measurement cycle. Thus

the instrument sees the SAME concentration of NO gas in the NO and NOx channels, and

reports a NO2 concentration of zero.

As long as CAL-ON-NO2 is enabled the instrument will never report any NO2 during span

calibration. This feature should be enabled only when a calibration is desired, otherwise leave it

disabled so that NO2 concentrations are reported correctly. See Table 7-7-9 to enable this

feature.

NOTE

Note that this method of calibration is NOT approved by the USEPA.

Permeation tubes are known to change as temperatures are cycled,

and as they age. Also, this calibration relies on the moly converter

to be working properly. (Converter efficiency can be compensated

by enabling the Converter Efficiency option.) It is recommended that

if CAL-ON-NO2 is used, the instrument calibration be checked

frequently by independent means to assure accurate data.

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Table 7-7-9: Enabling CAL-ON-NO2

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press SETUP-

MORE-VARS

Causes the M200A go to the VARS(Variables) menu

2. Enter the VARS

password, then

ENTR

Password value is 8 1 8

3. Scroll the VARS

menu to select the

CAL-ON-NO2

variable

By pressing NEXT or PREV

4. Press EDIT Once you have entered EDIT, set the value to ON

5. Press ENTR ENTR will enable the CAL-ON-NO2 feature

6. Press EXIT Each EXIT press returns the M200A to the next higher menu

level. The highest level is the SAMPLE mode

Once CAL-ON-NO2 is enabled the procedure for zeroing and spanning the instrument is

identical to that given in Section 7.2 for Zero/Span Valves.

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7.7 Use of Zero/Span Valves or IZS with Remote Contact

Closure

The Zero/Span valve or IZS options can be operated using Remote Contact Closures provided on

the rear panel. See Table 2-2-2 for connector location and pinout. When the contacts are closed,

the analyzer will switch to zero or span mode. The contacts must remain closed for at least 1

second, and will remain in zero or span mode as long as the contacts are closed. If Dynamic

Zero/Span is enabled, the calibration is adjusted at the end of the zero or span time, otherwise

zero or span is just checked, not adjusted.

In order to do another remote check, both contact closures should be held open for at least 1

second, then may be set again. Table 7-7-10 shows what type of check is performed based on the

settings of the two contact closures.

Table 7-7-10: IZS or Z/S Valves Modes with Remote Contact Closure

Ext Zero CC Ext Span CC Operation

Contact Open Contact Open State when in SAMPLE mode, normal monitoring

Contact Open Contact Closed Span check or calibrate*

Contact Closed Contact Open Zero check or calibrate*

* Calibrate only if Dynamic Calibration is enabled.

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7.8 EPA Protocol Calibration

If the M200A is to be used for EPA compliance monitoring, it must be calibrated in accordance

with the instructions in this section.

In order to insure that high quality, accurate measurements are obtained at all times, the M200A

must be calibrated prior to use. A quality assurance program centered on this aspect and

including attention to the built-in warning features of the M200A, periodic inspection, regular

zero/span checks and routine maintenance is paramount to achieving this.

In order to have a better understanding of the factors involved in assuring continuous and

reliable information from the M200A, it is strongly recommended that Publication No. PB 273-

518 Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems (abbreviated, Q.A.

Handbook) be purchased from the NTIS (phone 703-487-4650). Special attention should be paid

to Section 2.3 which deals with chemiluminescent-based NO2 analyzers and upon which most of

this section is based. Specific regulations regarding the use and operation of ambient oxides of

nitrogen analyzers can be found in 40 CFR 50 and 40 CFR 58. Both publications are available

from the U.S. Government Printing Office (phone 202-783-3238).

7.8.1 Calibration of Equipment

In general, calibration is the process of adjusting the gain and offset of the M200A against some

recognized standard. The reliability and usefulness of all data derived from any analyzer depends

primarily upon its state of calibration. In this section the term dynamic calibration is used to

express a multipoint check against known standards and involves introducing gas samples of

known concentration into the instrument in order to adjust the instrument to a predetermined

sensitivity and to produce a calibration relationship. This relationship is derived from the

instrumental response to successive samples of different known concentrations. As a minimum,

three reference points and a zero point are recommended to define this relationship. The true

values of the calibration gas must be traceable to NIST-SRM's (Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook).

All monitoring instrument systems are subject to some drift and variation in internal parameters

and cannot be expected to maintain accurate calibration over long periods of time. Therefore, it

is necessary to dynamically check the calibration relationship on a predetermined schedule. Zero

and span checks must be used to document that the data remains within control limits. These

checks are also used in data reduction and validation. Table 7-7-11 summarizes the initial quality

assurance activities for calibrating equipment. Table 7-7-12 is a matrix for the actual dynamic

calibration procedure.

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Table 7-7-11: Activity Matrix for Calibration Equipment and Supplies

Equipment/

Supplies Acceptance Limits Frequency And Method

Of Measurement Action If Requirements

Are Not Met

Recorder Compatible with output

signal of analyzer; min

chart width of 150 mm

(6 in) is recommended

Check upon receipt Return equimpent to

supplier

Sample line

and manifold

Constructed of PTFE,

glass, or stainless steel

Check upon receipt Return equipment to

supplier

Calibration

equipment

Meets guide-lines and

Section 2.3.2

(Q. A. Handbook)

See Section 2.3.9

(Q. A. Handbook)

Return equipment/ supplies

to supplier or take corrective

action

Working

standard NO

cylinder gas or

NO2

permeation

tube

Traceable to NIST-SRM

Meets limits in traceability

protocol for accuracy and

stability. (Section 2.0.7,

Q. A. Handbook)

Analyzed against NIST-

SRM; see protocol in

Section 2.0.7, Q.A.

Handbook

Obtain new working

standard and check for

traceability

Recording

forms

Develop standard forms N/A Revise forms as appropriate

Audit

equipment

Must not be the same as

used for calibration

System must be checked

out against known

standards

Loacte problem and correct

or return to supplier

Calibrations should be carried out at the field monitoring site. The Analyzer should be in

operation for at least several hours (preferably overnight) before calibration so that it is fully

warmed up and its operation has stabilized. During the calibration, the M200A should be in the

CAL mode, and therefore sample the test atmosphere through all components used during

normal ambient sampling and through as much of the ambient air inlet system as is practicable.

If the instrument will be used on more than one range, it should be calibrated separately on each

applicable range, see Section 7.9. Calibration documentation should be maintained with each

analyzer and also in a central backup file.

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Table 7-7-12: Activity Matrix for Calibration Procedure

Equipment/

Supplies Acceptance Limits Frequency And Method

Of Measurement Action If Requirements

Are Not Met

Calibration

gases

Sec. 2.0.7, Subsec. 7.1

(Q.A. Handbook)

Assayed against an

NIST-SRM quarterly,

Sec. 2.0.7 (Q.A.

Handbook)

Working gas standard is

unstable, and/or

measurement method is

out of control; take

corrective action such as

obtaining new calibration

gas.

Dilution gas Zero air, free of

contaminants; TAD2 and

Sec. 2.0.7, Subsec. 7.1

(Q.A. Handbook)

See TAD2 Return to supplier or take

appropriate action with

generation system

Multi-point

calibration

(GPT)

1. tR < 2 minutes PR >

2.75 ppm/min

2. Use calibration

procedure in Subsec.

2.4 (Q.A Handbook);

also TAD2 and Federal

3. Converter efficiency >

96%

Method

1. Subsec. 8.4.2

(this manual)

2. Subsec. 8.5 (this

manual), TAD2,

Federal Register and

Table 8-8-3; see

Subsec. 8.2 for

frequency

3. Subsec. 8.6 (this

manual) and Table 8-

8-6 and Table 8-8-7

1. Adjust flow conditions

and/or reaction chamber

volume to meet

suggested limits

2. Repeat the calibration

3. Replace or service the

converter

7.8.2 Calibration Gas and Zero Air Sources

7.8.2.1 Production Of Zero Air

Devices that condition ambient air by drying and removal of pollutants are available on the

commercial market such as the Teledyne API Model 701 Zero Air Generator. We recommend

this type of device for generating zero air. Detailed procedures for generating zero air are in

TAD2.

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7.8.2.2 Selection of NO Span Gas Standards

The NIST-SRM's provide references against which all calibration gas mixtures must be

compared (Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook). The procedure requires the comparison of the

concentration of a commercial, working calibration standard to an NIST-SRM. This is described

in Subsection 7.1 of Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook. Subsections 7.1.4 and 7.1.5 describe the

verification and reanalysis of cylinder gases.

Care must be taken to assure that no oxygen is allowed in the NO tank, regulator, or sample

lines. If oxygen is present, it reacts with NO to produce NO2 which can lead to significant errors

in NO concentration measurement.

It is good practice to request a NOx analysis from the supplier of the NO calibration gas.

Generally the maximum NO2 impurity that should be allowed is 1% of the NO concentration.

The NO2 impurity in the NO standard can be measured by the M200A. A procedure is given in

the TAD for NO2 measurement.

7.8.2.3 Use of NO2 Permeation Tubes As Standards

The steps required to compare the concentration of a commercial working calibration standard to

an NIST-SRM are described in Subsection 7.3.3 of Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook. See

Subsection 7.3.6 for the re-analysis of permeation tubes.

7.8.3 Data Recording Device

Either a strip chart recorder, data acquisition system or digital data acquisition system should be

used to record the data from the M200A’s RS-232 port or analog outputs. If analog readings are

being used, the response of that system should be checked against a NIST referenced voltage

source or meter. Data recording device should be capable of bi-polar operation so that negative

readings can be recorded.

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7.8.4 Gas Phase Titration (GPT) System

7.8.4.1 GPT Principle of Operation

Gas Phase Titration (GPT) is recommended for calibration of the M200A. Those using a NO2

permeation tube should refer to TAD.2

The principle of GPT is based on the rapid gas phase reaction between NO and O3 which

produces stoichiometric quantities of NO2 as shown by the following equation:

223 ONOONO 

Given that the NO concentration is known for this reaction, the resultant concentration of NO2

can be determined. Ozone is added to excess NO in a dynamic calibration system as shown in

Table 7-7-13, and the NO channel of the chemiluminescent analyzer detects the changes in NO

concentration. After the addition of O3, the observed decrease in NO concentration on the

calibrated NO channel is equivalent to the concentration of NO2 produced. The amount of NO2

generated may be varied by adding varying amounts of O3 from a stable O3 generator. All zero

air used in this procedure should conform to the requirements stated in Section 7.

Dynamic calibration systems based on this principle are commercially available, or may be

assembled by the user. A recommended calibration system is described in the Federal Register1

and detailed in TAD.2

7.8.4.2 GPT Calibrator Check Procedure

It has been determined empirically that the NO-O3 reaction goes to completion (<1% residual

O3) if the NO concentration in the reaction chamber (ppm) multiplied by the residence time

(min.) of the reactants in the chamber is >2.75 ppm-min. The theory behind the development of

this equation is in the Federal Register1 and in TAD.2

The following procedures and equations should be used to determine whether an existing GPT

calibration system will meet required conditions for a specific calibration.

For calibrators that have known pre-set flow rates, use equations 7-5 and 7-6 of steps 7 and 8

(below) to verify the required conditions. If the calibrator does not meet specifications, follow

the complete procedure to determine what flow modifications must be made.

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1. Select an NO standard gas that has a nominal concentration in the range of 50 to 100

ppm. Determine the exact concentration [NO]STD by referencing against an NIST-SRM, as

discussed in Section 2.0.7 (Q.A. Handbook).

2. Determine the volume (cm3) of the calibrator reaction chamber (VRC). If the actual

volume is not known, estimate the volume by measuring the approximate dimensions of the

chamber and using an appropriate formula.

3. Determine the required minimum total flow output (FT) using Equation 7-1:

FT = analyzer flow demand (cm3/min) x 110/100 Equation 7-1

If more than one analyzer is to be calibrated at the same time, multiply FT by the number of

analyzers.

4. Calculate the NO concentration [NO]OUT needed to approximate 90% of the URL of the

NO2 analyzer to be calibrated, using Equation 7-2:

[NO]OUT = URL of analyzer (ppm) x 90/100 Equation 7-2

5. Calculate the NO flow (FNO) required to generate the NO concentration [NO]OUT, using

Equation 7-3:

]

[NO

]

[NO

STD

OUT

NO Equation 7-3

6. Calculate the required flow through the ozone generator (FO), using Equation 7-4:

min-ppm 2.75

]

[NO

FNO

STD

o Equation 7-4

7. Verify that the residence time (tR) in the reaction chamber is <2 min, using Equation 7-5:

min2

NOO

R



 Equation 7-5

8. Verify that the dynamic parameter specification (PR) of the calibrator's reaction chamber

is >2.75 ppm-min using Equation 7-6:



75.2

NOP

NOO

STDR 







 Equation 7-6

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NOTE

If tr is >2 minutes or if PR is <2.75 ppm-min, changes in flow conditions

(FT, FO, FNO) or in the reaction chamber volume (VRC), or both will

have to be made, and tr and PR will have to be re-calculated.

9. After equations 7-5 and 7-6 are satisfied, calculate the diluent air flow (FD) using

Equation

7-7:

NOO Equation 7-7 TD FFFF 

7.8.4.3 Example GPT Calculation

Following is an example calculation that can be used to determine whether an existing GPT

calibrator will meet the required conditions for a specific calibration. For this example, it is

assumed that only the volume of the reaction chamber, VRC, and the concentration of the NO

standard, [NO]STD, are known. All flow settings (FNO, FO, FT, and FD) will be calculated. In many

uses, these flow settings are known and need only to be substituted in Equations 7-5 and 7-6 to

verify the required conditions. Before doing any calculations, the URL and flow demand of the

analyzer being calibrated must be known. Operating parameters are determined from the

operations manual:

Upper range limit = 0.5 ppm, and

Flow demand = 500 cm3/min.

Volume of calibrator reaction chamber is determined by physical measurement:

VRC = 180 cm3

The concentration of the NO standard gas to be used is determined by reference against an

NIST-SRM (Section 2.0.7, Q.A. Handbook):

[NO]STD = 50.5 ppm

1. Determine the minimum total flow (FT) required at the output manifold using Equation 7-

FT = 500 cm3/min (110/100) = 550 cm3/min

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Because low flows are difficult to control and measure, it is often advantageous to set a higher

total flow than needed. In this example, we will let FT = 2750 cm3/min

2. Determine the highest NO concentration, [NO]OUT, required at the output manifold, using

Equation 7-2:

[NO]OUT = 0.5 ppm (90/100) = 0.45 ppm

3. Calculate the NO flow (FNO) required to generate the NO concentration [NO]OUT, using

Equation 7-3:

min/

24.5

ppm5.50

min/

2750ppm45.0

NO 



4. Calculate the required flow rate through ozone generator (FO) using Equation 7-4:

F = 50.5 ppm x 24.5cm / x 180 cm

2.75 ppm- - 24.5cm /

min

min min

= 80984

cm / - 24.5 cm / = 260 cm /

62 3 3

min min min

5. Verify that the residence time (tR) in the reaction chamber is <2 min using Equation 7-5:

min63.0

min/

5.24min/

260

180

= t 33

R



6. Verify the dynamic parameter specification (PR) of the calibrator reaction chamber using

Equation 7-6:

minppm75.2

min/

5.24min/

260

180

min/

5.24min/

260

min/

ppm5.50= P 33

R









7. Calculate the diluent air flow (FD) required at the mixing chamber, using Equation 7-7:

FD = 2750 cm3/min - 260 cm3/min - 24.5 cm3/min = 2465.5 cm3/min

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7.8.5 Dynamic Multipoint Calibration Procedure

The procedure for calibration of chemiluminescent NOx analyzers by GPT is specified in the

Federal Register.1 This section applies the general procedure to the specific case of the M200A.

Calibration must be performed with a calibrator that meets all conditions specified in Subsection

2.3.2 (Q.A. Handbook). Flow settings used in the GPT calibration for NO2 must be determined

as illustrated in Section 7.8.4, this manual.

The user should be sure that all flow meters are calibrated under the conditions of use against a

reliable standard. All volumetric flow rates should be corrected to 25o C (78oF) and 760 mm

(29.92 in.) Hg. Calibrations of flow meters are discussed in TAD.2

Gas Phase Titration (GPT) requires the use of the NO channel of the analyzer to determine the

amount of NO2 generated by titration. Therefore it is necessary to calibrate and determine the

linearity of the NO channel before proceeding with the NO2 calibration. It is also necessary to

calibrate the NOx channel. This can be done simultaneously with the NO calibration. During the

calibration the M200A should be operating in its normal sampling mode, and the test atmosphere

should pass through all filters, scrubbers, conditioners, and other components used during

normal ambient sampling and as much of the ambient air inlet system as is practicable. All

operational adjustments to the M200A should be completed prior to the calibration. The

following software features must be set into the desired state before calibration.

1. Automatic Converter Efficiency compensation. See Sections 7.8.6 and 7.9, this manual.

2. Independent range selection. See Sections 5.3.4 and 7.9, this manual.

3. Automatic temperature/pressure compensation. See Table 9-9-5.

4. Alternate units, make sure ppb units are selected for EPA monitoring. See Section

5.3.4.5.

5. Autoranging option. See Section 5.3.4.2.

Converter efficiency should be set prior to calibration since its value is used in the computation

of the NOx and NO2 concentration outputs.

The analyzer should be calibrated on the same range used for monitoring.

If AutoRanging or Independent range options are selected the highest of the ranges will result in

the most accurate calibration, and should be used.

Make sure the GPT calibration system can supply the range of concentrations at a sufficient flow

over the whole range of concentrations that will be encountered during calibration.

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Table 7-7-13: Diagram of GPT Calibration System

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7.8.5.1 Zero Calibration Procedure

Since the zero gas concentration is defined as 0 ppb, it is not necessary to enter the expected zero

value. The following Table 7-7-14 details the zero calibration procedure.

Table 7-7-14: Zero Calibration Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL The M200A enters the calibrate mode from sample mode.

NOTE:

The analyzer does not operate the zero/span valves in this mode,

the zero gas enters through the sample port.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for reading to stabilize at the zero value.

3. Press ZERO If you change your mind after pressing ZERO, you can still

press EXIT here without zeroing the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

5. Press EXIT M200A returns to the SAMPLE mode.

7.8.5.2 NO/NOx Calibration Procedure

Adjust the NO concentration to approximately 80% of the URL of the NO channel. The expected

NO and NOx span concentrations can be determined by measuring the cylinder and diluent flows

and computing the resulting concentrations. If there is any NO2 impurity in the NO standard gas

it should be taken into account when the NOx concentration is entered during the NO/NOx

channel calibration. This is done by ADDING the impurity concentration to the NO

concentration to get the NOx concentration for calibration. Calculate the exact NO and NOx

concentrations as follows:

]

[NO x

]

[NO

STD

OUT Equation 7-8Enter the respective concentrations using the

procedure in Table 7-13. The expected span concentrations need not be re-entered each time a

calibration is performed unless they are changed.

Enter the expected NOx and NO span gas concentrations:

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Table 7-7-15: Expected Span Gas Concentration Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press

CAL-CONC-NOX

This key sequence causes the M200A to prompt for the

expected NOx concentration.

Enter the NOx span concentration value by pressing the key

under each digit until the expected value is set. This menu can

also be entered from CALS or CALZ.

2. Press ENTR ENTR stores the expected NOx span value.

3. Press

CAL-CONC-NO

Now enter the expected NO span concentration as in step one.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR stores the NO span value and returns the prompt

to the CONC menu.

5. Press EXIT Returns instrument to SAMPLE mode.

Sample the generated concentration until the NO and the NOx responses have stabilized.

Span the instrument by the following procedure:

Table 7-7-16: Span Calibration Procedure

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL The M200A enters the calibrate mode from sample mode.

2. Wait 10 min Wait for readings to stabilize at span values.

3. Press SPAN If you change your mind after pressing SPAN, you can still

press EXIT here without spanning the instrument.

4. Press ENTR Pressing ENTR actually changes the calculation equations.

5. Press EXIT M200A returns to SAMPLE mode.

The analog voltage output should measure 80% of the voltage range selected. (e.g. 4.00 VDC if

0-5V output is selected.) The readings on the front panel display should be equal to the expected

NO and NOx concentrations entered in the procedure given in Table 7-7-15 above. See the

Troubleshooting Section 9.2.8 if there are problems. Also see the Calibration Quality Check

procedure Section 7.10.

After the zero and the 80% URL points have been set, generate five approximately evenly

spaced calibration points between zero and 80% URL without further adjustment to the

instrument. Allow the instrument to sample these intermediate concentrations for about 10

minutes each and record the instrument NO and NOx responses.

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Plot the analyzer NO and NOx responses versus the corresponding calculated concentrations to

obtain the calibration relationships. Determine the straight line of best fit (y = mx + b)

determined by the method of least squares.

After the best-fit line has been drawn for the NO and the NOx calibrations, determine whether

the analyzer response is linear. To be considered linear, no calibration point should differ from

the best-fit line by more than 2% of full scale.

7.8.5.3 GPT - NO2 Calibration Procedure

The M200A computes the NO2 concentration by subtracting the NO from the NOx concentration.

Unlike analog instruments, this difference is calculated by the M200A's internal computer

software. It is extremely unlikely that the NO2 concentration will be in error. Therefore this

procedure is a confirmation that the NO2 subtraction algorithm in the computer is operating

correctly.

NOTE

During this procedure do not make any adjustments to the instrument.

1. Generate an NO concentration near 90% of the URL. Dilution air and O3 generator air

flows should be the same as used in the calculation of specified conditions of the dynamic

parameter according to Section 7.8.4. Sample this NO concentration until the NO and NOx

responses stabilize. Record the NO and NOx concentrations.

2. Turn on and adjust the O3 generator in the calibrator to produce sufficient O3 to decrease

the NO concentration to about 10% of full scale. This will be equivalent to 80% of the URL

of the NO2 channel. After the analyzer responses stabilize, record the resultant NO, NOx, and

NO2 concentrations.

MOLY CONVERTER EFFICIENCY

IF THE NOx READING SHOULD DROP TO LESS THAN 96% OF ITS STARTING

VALUE DURING THIS STEP, IT INDICATES THE MOLY CONVERTER IS IN NEED

OF TROUBLESHOOTING OR REPLACEMENT. SEE SECTION 7.8.6 FOR FURTHER

DETAILS.

3. While maintaining all other conditions, adjust the ozone generator to obtain several other

concentrations of NO2 evenly spaced between the 80% URL point and the zero point. Record

the NO, NOx, and NO2 concentrations for each additional point.

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4. Calculate the resulting NO2 concentrations as follows:

]

[NO -

]

[NO =

]

[

IMP

REMORIGOUT

2 Equation 7-10

Where:

[NO]ORIG is the NO concentration before the GPT ozone is turned on, and [NO]REM is the NO

remaining after GPT.

5. Plot the NO2 concentration output by the instrument on the y-axis against the generated

NO2 [NO2]OUT on the x-axis. The plot should be a straight line within the ± 2% linearity

criteria given for the NOx and NO channels. If the plot is not linear the most likely cause is

that the converter needs replacing. See Section 7.8.6 on Moly converter efficiency.

7.8.6 Moly Converter Efficiency

The moly efficiency should be 96 to 102% efficient. If it is outside these limits it should be

replaced. The converter efficiency can be determined from the data collected in 7.8.5.3.

For each NO2 concentration generated:

1. Calculate the concentration of NO2 converted as:

)] Equation 7-11

Where:

[NOx]ORIG is the NOx concentration before the GPT ozone is turned on, and [NOx]REM is the

NOx remaining after GPT.

[ -

]

([ -

]

[ =

]

[REM

ORIG

OUT

CONV

2. Plot the [NO2]CONV concentration output by the instrument on the y-axis against the

concentration generated [NO2]OUT on the x-axis. The plot should be a straight line within the

± 2% linearity criteria given for the NOx and NO channels.

3. Determine the best straight line fit of the plot either by inspection or least squares. The

slope of the resulting straight line is the moly efficiency. The value should be between .96

and 1.02. If not, the moly needs to be replaced.

4. If you want the M200A to automatically compensate (Section 7.8.6.1) for converter

efficiency, enter the efficiency value in the front panel by CAL-CONC-MOLY-SET, then

key in the slope from step 3 followed by ENTR. Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE menu.

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7.8.6.1 Automatic Moly Converter Efficiency Compensation

The M200A can automatically compensate the NOx and NO2 readings for the molybdenum

converter efficiency. There are 2 ways to enter the converter efficiency into the instrument. The

first is to enter the efficiency as a decimal fraction using the CAL-CONC-MOLY-SET menu.

The second method is to have the M200A compute the efficiency using the CAL-MOLY-CAL

menu. The procedure is given in Table 7-7-17 below. To disable the compensation, press CAL-

CONC-MOLY-SET and enter 1.0000 as the efficiency.

Table 7-7-17: Automatic Calculation of Converter Efficiency

Step Number Action Comment

1. Press CAL-CONC-

CONV-NO2

From the SAMPLE mode the M200A enters the Converter

Efficiency menu and requests expected NO2 cal gas

concentration.

2. Key in expected

NO2 concentration

Then ENTR

Enter the expected NO2 cal gas concentration. (We suggest you

generate a NO2 concentration of 80% of current range.)

3. Press CAL-CONC-

MOLY-SET

Set CE to 1.0000

Reset the previous converter efficiency value to 1.00.

4. Press CAL-CONC-

CONV-CAL, wait

10 min. Then press

ENTR

Allow the NO2 concentration reading to stabilize. It may take

time for the ENTR button to appear because the only valid

values for CE are .96 to 1.02. The ENTR button will not come

on unless the value is in this range.

When ENTR is pressed, the M200A will compute the ratio of

observed NO2 concentration to expected NO2 concentration and

store the ratio.

5. Press SET After the instrument calculates the CE it is good practice to

check the ratio.

6. Press EXIT The M200A will now compensate all readings for this converter

efficiency value.

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7.8.7 Calibration Frequency

To ensure accurate measurements of the NO, NOx, and NO2 concentrations, calibrate the

analyzer at the time of installation, and re-calibrate it:

1. No later than three months after the most recent calibration or performance audit which

indicated analyzer calibration to be acceptable.

2. An interruption of more than a few days in analyzer operation.

3. Any repairs which might affect its calibration.

4. Physical relocation of the analyzer.

5. Any other indication (including excessive zero or span drift) of possible significant

inaccuracy of the analyzer.

Following any of the activities listed above, the zero and span should be checked to determine if

a calibration is necessary. If the analyzer zero and span drifts exceed the calibration limits in

Table 9-9-1 of Section 2.0.9, Subsection 9.1.3 (Q.A. Handbook), a calibration should be

performed.

7.8.8 Other Quality Assurance Procedures

Precision is determined by a one-point check at least once every two weeks. Accuracy is

determined by a three-point audit once each quarter.

Essential to quality assurance are scheduled checks for verifying the operational status of the

monitoring system. The operator should visit the site at least once each week. Every two weeks a

Level 1 zero and span check must be made on the analyzer. Level 2 zero and span checks should

be conducted at a frequency desired by the user. Definitions of these terms are given in Table 7-

7-18.

In addition, an independent precision check between 0.08 and 0.10 ppm must be carried out at

least once every two weeks. Table 7-7-19 summarizes the quality assurance activities for routine

operations. A discussion of each activity appears in the following sections.

To provide for documentation and accountability of activities, a checklist should be compiled

and then filled out by the field operator as each activity is completed.

For information on shelter and sample inlet system, an in-depth study is in Field Operations

Guide for Automatic Air Monitoring Equipment, Publication No. APTD-0736, PB 202-249 and

PB 204-650, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Programs, October 1972.

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Table 7-7-18: Definition of Level 1 and Level 2 Zero and Span Checks

(from Section 2.0.9 of Q.A. Handbook for Air Pollution Measurment Systems)

LEVEL 1 ZERO AND SPAN CALIBRATION

A Level 1 zero and span calibration is a

simplified, two-point analy zer calibration used

when analy zer linearity does not need to be

checked or verified. (Som etimes when no

adjustments are made to the analyzer, the Level 1

calibration m ay be called a zero/span check, in

which case it m ust not be confused with a Level

2 zero/span check.) Since m ost analyzers have a

reliably linear or near-linear output response with

concentration, they can be adequately calibrated

with only two concentration standards (two-point

concentration). Furthermore, one of the standards

may be zero concentration, which is relatively

easily obtained and need not be certified. Hence,

only one certified concentration standard is

needed for the two-point (Level 1) zero and span

calibration. Although lacking the advantages of

the multipoint calibration, the two-point zero and

span calibration--because of its sim plicity--can

be (and should be) carried out m uch m ore

frequently. Also, two-point calibrations are easily

automated. Frequency checks or updating of the

calibration relationship with a two-point zero and

span calibration im proves the quality of the

monitoring data by helping to keep the

calibration relationship m ore closely matched to

any changes (drifts) in the analyzer response.

LEVEL 2 ZERO AND SPAN CHECK

A Level 2 zero and span check is an "unofficial"

check of an analyzer's response. It m ay include

dynamic checks m ade with uncertified test

concentrations, artificial stim ulation of the

analyzer's detector, electronic or other ty pes of

checks of a portion of the analyzer, etc.

Level 2 zero and span checks are not to be used

as a basis for analy zer zero or span adjustm ents,

calibration updates, or adjustm ent of ambient

data. They are intended as quick, convenient

checks to be used between zero and span

calibrations to check for possible analy zer

malfunction or calibration drift. Whenever a

Level 2 zero or span check indicates a possible

calibration problem, a Level 1 zero and span (or

multipoint) calibration should be carried out

before any corrective action is taken.

If a Level 2 zero and span check is to be used in

the quality control program , a "reference

response" for the check should be obtained

immediately following a zero and span (or

multipoint) calibration while the analy zer's

calibration is accurately known. Subsequent

Level 2 check responses should then be

compared to the m ost recent reference response

to determine if a change in response has

occurred. For autom atic Level 2 zero and span

checks, the first schedul ed check following the

calibration should be used for the reference

response. It should be kept in m ind that any

Level 2 check that involves only part of the

analyzer's system cannot provide inform ation

about the portions of the sy stem not checked and

therefore cannot be used as a verification of the

overall analyzer calibration.

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7.8.9 Summary of Quality Assurance Checks

The following items should be checked on a regularly scheduled basis to assure high quality data

from the M200A. See Table 7-7-19 for a summary of activities; also the QA Handbook should be

checked for specific procedures.

Table 7-7-19: Activity Matrix for Data Quality

Characteristic Acceptance Limits Frequency and Method o

Measurement Action if Requirements

are not Met

Shelter temperature Mean temperature

between 22o C and

28o C (72o and 82oF),

daily fluctuations not

greater than ± 2o C

Check thermograph chart

weekly for variations

greater than ± 2o C (4oF)

1. Mark strip chart for

the affected time

period

2. Repair or adjust

temperature control

Sample introduction

system

No moisture, foreign

material, leaks,

obstructions; sample

line connected to

manifold

Weekly visual inspection Clean, repair, or replace

as needed

Recorder 1. Adequate ink &

paper

2. Legible ink traces

3. Correct chart

speed and range

4. Correct time

Weekly visual inspection 1. Replenish ink and

paper supply

2. Adjust time to agree

with clock; note on

chart

Analyzer operational

settings

1. TEST

measurements at

nominal values

2. M200A in

SAMPLE mode

Weekly visual inspection Adjust or repair as

needed

Analyzer operational

check

Zero and span within

tolerance limits as

described in Subsec.

9.1.3 of Sec. 2.0.9

(Q.A. Handbook)

Level 1 zero/span every 2

weeks; Level 2 between

Level 1 checks at

frequency desired by user

1. Find source of error

and repair

2. After corrective

action, re-calibrate

analyzer

Precision check Assess precision as

described in Sec. 2.0.8

and Subsec. 3.4.3

(Ibid.)

Every 2 weeks, Subsec.

3.4.3 (Ibid.)

Calc, report precision,

Sec. 2.0.8 (Ibid.)

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7.8.10 ZERO and SPAN Checks

A system of Level 1 and Level 2 zero/span checks (see Table 7-1) is recommended. These checks

must be conducted in accordance with the specific guidance given in Subsection 9.1 of Section 2.0.9

(Q.A. Handbook). Level 1 zero and span checks must be conducted every two weeks. Level 2

checks should be conducted in between the Level 1 checks at a frequency desired by the user. Span

concentrations for both levels should be between 70 and 90% of the measurement range.

Zero and span data are to be used to:

1. Provide data to allow analyzer adjustment for zero and span drift;

2. Provide a decision point on when to calibrate the analyzer;

3. Provide a decision point on invalidation of monitoring data.

Items 1 and 2 are described in detail in Subsection 9.1.3 of Section 2.0.9 (Q.A. Handbook). Item 3 is

described in Subsection 9.1.4 of the same section.

Refer to the Troubleshooting Section 9 of this manual if the instrument is not within the allowed

variations.

7.8.10.1 Zero/Span Check Procedures

The Zero and Span calibration can be checked a variety of different ways. They include:

1. Manual Zero/Span Check

Zero and Span can be checked from the front panel keyboard. The procedure is in Section 7.1

of this manual.

2. Automatic Zero/Span Checks

After the appropriate setup, Z/S checks can be performed automatically every night. See

Table 6-6-2 and Section 7.4 of this manual for setup and operation procedures.

3. Zero/Span checks via remote contact closure

Zero/Span checks can be initiated via remote contact closures on the rear panel. See Section

7.7 of this manual.

4. Zero/Span via RS-232 port

Z/S checks can be controlled via the RS-232 port. See Section 5.5 of this manual for more

details.

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7.8.10.2 Precision Check

A periodic check is used to assess the data for precision. A one-point precision check must be

carried out at least once every 2 weeks on each analyzer at an NO2 concentration between 0.08

and 0.10 ppm. The analyzer must be operated in its normal sampling mode, and the precision test

gas must pass through all filters, scrubbers, conditioners, and other components used during

normal ambient sampling. The standards from which precision check test concentrations are

obtained must be traceable to NIST-SRM. Those standards used for calibration or auditing may

be used.

7.8.10.3 Precision Check Procedure

1. Connect the analyzer to a precision gas that has an NO2 concentration between 0.08 and

0.10 ppm. An NO2 precision gas may be generated by either GPT or a NO2 permeation tube.

If a precision check is made in conjunction with a zero/span check, it must be made prior to

any zero or span adjustments.

2. Allow the analyzer to sample the precision gas until a stable trace is obtained.

3. Record this value. NO and NOx precision checks should also be made if those data are

being reported. Information from the check procedure is used to assess the precision of the

monitoring data; see Section 2.0.8 (Q.A. Handbook) for procedures for calculating and

reporting precision.

7.8.11 Recommended Standards for Establishing Traceability

To assure data of desired quality, two considerations are essential: (1) the measurement process must

be in statistical control at the time of the measurement and (2) the systematic errors, when combined

with the random variation in the measurement process, must result in a suitably small uncertainty.

Evidence of good quality data includes documentation of the quality control checks and the

independent audits of the measurement process by recording data on specific forms or on a quality

control chart and by using materials, instruments, and measurement procedures that can be traced to

appropriate standards of reference. To establish traceability, data must be obtained routinely by

repeated measurements of standard reference samples (primary, secondary, and/or working

standards). More specifically, working calibration standards must be traceable to standards of higher

accuracy, such as those listed below in Table 7-7-20.

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Table 7-7-20: NIST-SRM's Available for Traceability of Calibration and Audit Gas

Standards

NIST-SRM4 Type Size, at STP Nominal

Concentration

1683a

1684a

1685a

Nitric oxide in N2

870

50 ppm

100 ppm

250 ppm

Permeation Tubes

NIST-SRM4 Type Permeation rate,

ug/min

Concentration, ppm

at flow rates of:

1 L/min/5 L/min

1629 Nitrogen dioxide 1.0 0.5/0.1

Cylinders of working gas traceable to NIST-SRM's (called EPA Protocol Calibration Gas) are also

commercially available (from sources such as Scott Specialty Gases, etc.).

7.8.12 Certification Procedures of Working Standards

NOTE

If the assayed concentration of NO2 impurity in the NO cylinder,

[NO2]imp, is greater than the 1 ppm value allowed in the calibration

procedure, make certain that the NO delivery system is not the

source of contamination before discarding the NO standard.

The NO content of the NO working standard must be periodically assayed against NIST-traceable

NO or NO2 standards. Any NO2 impurity in the cylinder must also be assayed. Certification of the

NO working standard should be made on a quarterly basis or more frequently, as required.

Procedures are outlined below for certification against NO traceable standard. The simplest and most

straightforward procedure is to certify against an NO standard.

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7.8.12.1 NO Working Standard Traced to NIST NO Standard

First, use the NIST-traceable NO standard and the GPT calibration procedure to calibrate the

NO, NOx, and NO2 responses of the analyzer. Also determine the efficiency of the converter.

Refer to the calibration procedure described in Section 7.8.4.2.

Then, generate several NO concentrations by diluting the NO working standard. Use the nominal

NO cylinder concentration, [NO]NOM, to calculate the diluted concentrations. Plot the analyzer

NO response (in ppm) versus the nominal diluted NO concentration and determine the slope,

SNOM. Calculate the NO concentration of the working standard [NO]STD from:

[NO]STD = [NO]NOM x SNOM

A procedure is presented in the TAD in Reference 2.

7.8.12.2 Other Methods of Establishing Traceability

They are:

1. NO working standard traced to NIST NO2 standard

2. NO2 working standard traced to NIST NO2 standard

3. NO2 working standard traced to NIST NO standard

NOTE

For further information on calibration by GPT and NO2 permeation

devices, refer to part 50 of Chapter 1, Title 40 CFR, Appendix F

(revised December 1, 1976) and Reference 13 of that Appendix.

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7.9 Calibration of Independent Ranges or Autoranging

There are additional considerations when AutoRange or Independent Ranges are selected. The

M200A uses one physical range of 0-2000 ppb to cover all EPA concentration ranges. The

dynamic range of the internal hardware and computer software is sufficient to cover this entire

range. Internally the range only scales parts of the 0-2000 ppb physical range to cover the

voltage range selected for the analog outputs.

7.9.1 Zero Calibration with AutoRange or Independent Range

Having one physical range to cover all EPA concentration ranges simplifies zero calibration. No

matter what AutoRange or Independent Range values are selected the values computed from a

zero calibration are the same. Therefore no special precautions need to be taken when doing a

zero calibration.

7.9.2 Span Calibration with AutoRange or Independent Range

Observe the following guidelines when calibrating in AutoRange or Independent Range.

1. When doing a span calibration of the M200A use 80% of the highest of the ranges. This

will result in the most accurate calibration.

2. When selecting concentrations for the NO/NOx or NO2 (GPT) dynamic calibrations use

80% of the highest AutoRange or the highest Independent Range. This will produce the most

accurate calibration.

3. If the calibration data is obtained from the RS-232 port or from the front panel display,

no special changes are necessary if the instrument is in AutoRange or Indep. Range. This is

because the internal hardware and software has sufficient dynamic range to cover the entire

EPA equivalent range, also those features only affect the analog outputs.

4. If using the analog outputs and a chart recorder or datalogger, be sure to note when

AutoRange occurs so that the correct range is used. With Independent Ranges, change the

ranges so that all ranges are equal to the highest range so that all calibration data is on scale.

5. Calibration curves or relationships should be obtained for each range used.

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7.10 Calibration Quality

After calibration is complete, it is very important to check the QUALITY of the calibration. The

calibration of the M200A involves balancing several sections of electronics and software to

achieve an optimum balance of accuracy, noise, linearity and dynamic range.

The following procedure checks the Slope and Offset parameters in the equations used to

compute the NO, and NOx concentrations. It is important that they fall within certain limits with

respect to themselves and to each other. For an explanation of the use of these terms in the

concentration calculation see Section 5.2.2.5.

The slope and offset parameters are similar to the span and zero pots on an analog instrument.

Just as in the analog instrument, if the slope or offset get outside of a certain range, the

instrument will not perform as well.

The slope value will be slightly different on the NO and NOx channels. This is due to slight

differences in pneumatic resistance in each pathway. If the slopes are significantly different,

there is a calibration error or a cross port leak in the switching valve. If there is a sudden change

in slopes after a calibration, that usually indicates a change in reaction cell pressure. This

generally requires a Factory Calibration covered in Section 9.1.6.

The offset value gives information about the background signal level. Check the observed offset

value against the factory value in Table 2-2-6. If significantly higher, check Section 9.1.6. Also,

after calibration check the AutoZero reading and compare it against the factory checkout value.

Increasing readings are a predictor of problems.

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Table 7-7-21: Calibration Quality Check

Step Number Action Comment

1. Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NOx SLOPE is

displayed

The SLOPE value for NOx should be 1.0 ± 0.3. If the value is

not in this range, check Section 9.1.6. If the SLOPE value is in

the acceptable range the instrument will perform optimally.

2. Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NO SLOPE is

displayed

The SLOPE value for NO should be 1.0 ± 0.3. If the SLOPE is

in the acceptable range the instrument will perform optimally. If

the value is not in this range, check Section 9.1.6.

NOTE:

The NO and NOx slopes should be equal within ± 0.1.

3. Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NOx OFFSET is

displayed

This number should be near zero. A value of 0.0 – 20 + 150

indicates calibration in the optimal range. This number already

has the AutoZero value subtracted out and is mainly the

background signal due to the molybdenum converter. If the

OFFSET value is outside this range, check Section 9.1.6.

4. Scroll the TEST

function menu until

the NO OFFSET is

displayed

The instrument will now display the NO OFFSET value. It

should also have a value near zero (0.0 –20 + 150 mV). This

number already has the AutoZero reading subtracted out and

should be near zero. If the OFFSET value is outside this range,

check Section 9.1.6.

After the above procedure is complete, the M200A is ready to measure sample gas.

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7.11 References

1. Environmental Protection Agency, Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 50,

Appendix F, Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of

Nitrogen Dioxide in the Atmosphere (Gas Phase Chemiluminescence), Federal Register, 41

(232): pp 52688-52692, December 1976.

2. Ellis, Elizabeth C. Technical Assistance Document for the Chemiluminescence

Measurement of Nitrogen Dioxide, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research

Triangle Park, NC. October 1976. 91 p.

3. Quality Assurance Requirements for State and Local Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS),

Appendix A, Federal Register, Vol. 44, No. 92, pp 27574-27582, May 1979.

4. Catalog of NBS Standard Reference Materials. NBS Special Publication 260, 1975-76

Edition. U.S. Department of Commerce, NBS. Washington, D.C. June 1975.

5. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems - Volume I,

Principles. EPAN-600/9-76-005. December 1984.

6. Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems - Volume II,

Ambient Air Specific Methods. EPA-600/4-77/027a, December 1986.

7. Quality Assurance Requirements for Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) Air

Monitoring, Appendix B, Federal Register, Vol. 44, No. 92, pp 27582-27584, May 1979.

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8 MAINTENANCE

8.1 Maintenance Schedule

NOTE

The operations outlined in this chapter are to be

performed by qualified maintenance personnel only.

Table 8-8-1: Preventative Maintenance Schedule

Item Maintenance Interval Reference Section

TEST Functions 6 - 12 month intervals Table 9-9-1

Zero/Span Calibration Annually or after repairs Section 7

Zero/Span Checks Daily Section 7, Table 6-6-2

Particulate Filter Weekly as needed Table 8-8-3

Ozone Scrubber on Pump Pack Replace charcoal every 3 months Section 4.2.7, Table 4-4-3

Filter for Ozone Scrubber Replace every 12 months Table 4-4-3

Filter for PermaPure Drier Replace every 12 months Table 9-9-18

Zero Air Canister Refill every 3 months Section 8.5

Reaction Cell Window Clean annually or as necessary Section 9.3.8, Table 8-8-5

Ozone Flow Check every year Table 9-9-20, Section 9.3.7

Sample Flow Check every year Table 9-9-20, Section 9.3.7

Moly Converter Check efficiency every 6 months Table 8-8-4, Section 8.6

Pneumatic Lines Examine every 12 months, clean

if necessary

Table 8-8-6, Table 8-8-7,

Table 8-8-8

Factory Calibration Calibrate each year or after

repairs

Section 9.1.6

Leak Check Check every year Section 8.9

O-rings Replace if seal is broken Table 9-9-20, Table 9-9-21

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Table 8-8-2: Preventative Maintenance Schedule

Item Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Maintenance

Interval

TEST Functions 6 - 12 month

intervals

Zero/Span

Calibration Annually or after

repairs

Zero/Span Chec ks y Da il

Particulate Filter Weekly as needed

Ozone Scrubber on

Pump Pack Replace charcoal

every 3 months

Filter for Ozone

Scrubber Replace every 12

months

Filter for PermaPure

Drier Replace every 12

months

Zero Air Canis ter Refill every 3

months

Reaction Cell

Window Clean annually or as

necessary

Ozone Flow Check every year

Sample Flow Check every year

Moly Converter Check efficiency

every 6 months

Pneumatic Lines

Examine every 12

months, clean if

necessary

Factory Calibration Calibrate each year

or after repairs

Leak Check Check every year

O-rin gs Replace if seal is

broken

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

8.2 Replacing the Sample Particulate Filter

The particulate filter should be inspected often for signs of plugging or contamination. It is also

common for dirt particles to absorb NO2, thus causing those readings to be low.

To check and change the filter:

1. Fold down the M200A front panel.

2. Locate the filter on the left side of the analyzer front panel. See Table 8-8-3 for an

exploded view of the filter assembly.

3. Visually inspect the filter through the glass window.

4. If the filter appears dirty, unscrew the hold-down ring, remove the teflon o-ring and then

the filter.

5. Replace the filter, being careful that the element is fully seated in the bottom of the

holder. Replace the teflon o-ring, then screw on the hold-down ring and hand tighten.

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Table 8-8-3: Replacing the Particulate Filter

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8.3 Replacing the Ozone Scrubber Charcoal

The Ozone scrubber consists of a charcoal filled canister mounted on the pump pack. See Table

2-2-3 for the scrubber location. To replace the charcoal:

1. Turn off the analyzer and pump.

2. Remove the scrubber from the pump pack by loosening the 1/4" tube fittings.

3. Unscrew the upper end cap of the scrubber and empty the contents.

4. Replace the charcoal with TELEDYNE API P/N 00596 or equivalent. Be sure the

charcoal completely fills the canister so that flow channels will not form.

5. Replace the cap, then re-install the canister on the pump pack.

CAUTION

The charcoal used for the ozone scrubber should NOT be

treated with halogen compounds (chlorine, iodine, etc), since

explosive compounds may be formed on contact with ozone.

8.4 Replacing the Permeation

The permeation tube is contained in the oven at the rear - center of the instrument, refer to Table

2-2-5 for its location. See Table 6-6-6 for illustration.

1. Turn off the power to the M200A.

2. Remove the two pneumatic fittings and the rubber insulation from the top of the

assembly.

3. Remove the oven cover by removing the two screws holding down the cover.

NOTE

That the fitting closest to the Ozone Generator is stainless steel.

This chamber is where the permeation tube should be.

4. Remove the old permeation tube. Install the new permeation tube in the same chamber

with the membrane facing UP.

5. Re-assemble the oven and turn on instrument power.

Permeation tubes require 48 hours at 50 C to reach a stable output. We recommend waiting this

long before any calibration checks, adjustments, or conclusions are reached about the permeation

tube.

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NOTE

If the instrument is to be turned off for more than 8 hours, the

perm tube must be removed from the IZS oven. Even at room

temperature the perm tube continues to release NO2. Concentrations

can build up to very high levels inside the instrument causing

contamination and high background readings.

8.5 Replacing the IZS Zero Air Scrubber

The IZS zero air scrubber is located on the rear panel of the instrument. Refer to Table 8-8-1 for

recommended replacement interval. The entire cartridge can be replaced, or just the charcoal and

Purafil inside the cartridge. To replace the scrubber materials:

1. Disconnect the scrubber from the rear panel pneumatic fitting and remove from the hold

down clip. While removing the cartridge, check the DFU filter for contamination and dirt,

replace if necessary.

2. Unscrew the top, remove the felt pad and empty the contents.

3. Inspect the upper and lower felt pads for signs of plugging, replace if necessary.

4. Replace with 50% Purafil(upstream) and 50% charcoal (downstream).

5. Re-install felt pad, screen and re-tighten cap. Make sure the o-ring in the cap is in good

shape and squarely seated.

6. Leak check the assembly, then re-attach scrubber to fitting and clip on rear panel.

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8.6 Replacing the Molybdenum Converter

The Molybdenum Converter is located in the center of the instrument, see Table 2-2-5 for

location, and Table 8-8-4 for the assembly. The heater, thermocouple, converter is designed to be

replaced as a single unit.

1. Turn off the power to the M200A and allow the converter to cool.

2. Remove the entire assembly from the chassis.

A. Remove the pneumatic fittings from the valves.

B. Remove the power to the valves, thermocouple wire and cartridge heater.

C. Remove the converter assembly from the chassis by loosening the 4 captive screws that

secure the assembly to the chassis.

CAUTION

The converter operates at 315º C. Severe burns can result

if not enough time is allowed for the assembly to cool. Do

not handle assembly until it is at room temperature.

3. Disconnect the gas fittings and power cable grounding from the can.

4. Remove the valve assembly and bottom bracket and re-attach those two parts to the

replacement moly assembly.

5. Re-attach the pneumatic fittings and valve assembly to the can.

6. Install the assembly back into the analyzer. Re-attach the electrical and pneumatic

fittings. Leak check the assembly when completed.

7. Turn the power back on. The insulation can emit a burnt odor for the first 24 hours, this is

normal. Allow the converter to burn-in for 24 hours, then re-calibrate the instrument.

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Table 8-8-4: Molybdenum Converter Assembly

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8.7 Cleaning the Reaction Cell

The reaction cell should be cleaned whenever troubleshooting points to it as the cause of the

trouble. A dirty cell will cause excessive noise, unstable zero or span, or low response.

To clean the reaction cell it is necessary to remove the reaction cell from the sensor housing. Use

the following guide:

1. Turn off the instrument power and vacuum pump.

2. Loosen the hold down screws for pneumatic sensor assembly and move the assembly to

the side.

3. Disconnect the exhaust fitting and inlet fittings. See Table 8-8-5.

4. Loosen four screws holding the reaction cell to the PMT housing.

5. Disconnect heater/thermistor and lift the cell away.

6. The reaction cell will separate into two halves:

A. The manifold assembly.

B. The reaction block with reaction sleeve and window.

7. The reaction sleeve and window should be cleaned with methanol and a clean tissue and

dried.

8. Normally it is not necessary to clean the sample and ozone flow orifices since they are

protected by fritted filters. If tests shows that cleaning is necessary then do the following:

A. The manifold assembly should be cleaned by removing the O-ringed fittings,

springs, fritted filter, orifices and O-rings. It is suggested that the orifice, filter

and o-rings be replaced unless an ultrasonic cleaner and methanol or methylene

chloride is available. Both orifice and sintered filter may be cleaned with an

ultrasonic bath for 30 minutes in either solvent. Replace o-rings.

B. After cleaning with solvent, flush copiously with tap water.

C. Now, rinse parts in either D1 or distilled water.

D. Dry parts prior to re-installation.

9. Do not remove the sample and ozone nozzles. They are Teflon threaded and require a

special tool for reassembly. If necessary, the manifold with nozzles attached can be

cleaned in an ultrasonic bath.

10. Reassemble in proper order and re-attach onto sensor housing. Reconnect pneumatics and

heater connections, then re-attach the pneumatic sensor assembly and the cleaning

procedure is complete.

11. After cleaning, the analyzer span response may drop 10 - 12% in the first 1-2 days as the

reaction cell window conditions.

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OZONE INLET FITTING

SAMPLE INLET FITTING

SPRING

FILTER

ORING

ORIFICE 10 MILS

(JEWEL DOWN)

ORING

ORIFICE, 4 MILS

(JEWEL DOWN)

MANIFOLD,

ORING

SLEEVE

WINDOW ORING

PMT HOUSING

REACTION CELL

GASKET

EXHAUST

NOZZLES

(DO NOT

REMOVE)

HEATER THERMISTOR

(P/N 00227)

(P/N 00273)

(P/N OR0002) (P/N OR0003)

(P/N 00127)

(P/N FT0010)

(P/N HW0002)

(P/N FL0001)

(P/N OR0001)

(P/N 0009406) (P/N 0009404)

(P/N FT0017)

(P/N FT0010)

(P/N OR0001)

(P/N OR0034)

O-RING

0033703 HEATER/THERMISTOR ASSY

00884

01534

Table 8-8-5: Reaction Cell Assembly

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8.8 Pneumatic Line Inspection

Particulate matter in the pneumatic lines will affect both flow rate and response time. It is

important that the pneumatic system be periodically inspected and thoroughly cleaned if

necessary. Clean by disassembling and passing methanol through three times. Dry with nitrogen

or clean zero air.

Also inspect all pneumatic lines for cracks and abrasion on a regular basis. Replace as necessary.

Refer to the pneumatic diagram in Table 8-8-6, Table 8-8-7, Table 8-8-8.

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Table 8-8-6: Pneumatic Diagram - Standard Configuration

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Table 8-8-7: Pneumatic Diagram with Zero/Span Valve Option

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Table 8-8-8: Pneumatic Diagram with IZS Option

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8.9 Leak Check Procedure

If a leak checker is not available, it is possible to leak check the instrument using the M200A's

pump plus a shut-off valve.

1. Turn off instrument power and pump power.

2. Cap the sample inlet port, ozone generator air inlet, and zero air inlet (if IZS option

present).

3. Insert a shut-off valve between the sample pump and the vacuum manifold at the rear of

the instrument.

4. Turn on the sample pump and set the TEST function to RCEL, which measures the

reaction cell pressure. Close the shutoff valve and monitor the cell pressure. The pressure

should not drop more than 1"Hg(.5psi) in 5 minutes. If there is a leak, it is not possible by

this method to tell where it is located. You can locate the leak by using a pressure leak

checker described below.

5. The sensor module is equipped with a fitting at the top of housing near the heat sink fins.

This fitting can be pressurized and the sensor checked for leaks. The leakdown rate is the

same as above.

If you have a leak checker:

1. Turn off instrument power and pump power.

2. Disconnect pump at rear panel. Cap the sample inlet port, ozone generator air inlet, and

zero air inlet (if IZS option present) and connect the leak checker to the exhaust port.

CAUTION

Pressure must be less than 15 psi.

3. Pressurize system and check for leaks by watching overall pressure. The pressure should

not drop more than 2"Hg(1 psi) in 5 minutes.

If the instrument fails the pressure test, each fitting needs to be leak checked to find the location.

Be careful that the system is always pressurized so as not to draw soap solution into the

plumbing system. Make sure you dry off any accumulated bubble solution. Refer to Table 8-8-6,

Table 8-8-7, Table 8-8-8 for pneumatic diagrams.

The Sensor module can be leak checked as a unit using a 1/8" tubing fitting on top of the

assembly. The same rules as above apply.

1. Pressurize to <15 psi.

2. After turning off pressure tester, pressure should not drop more than 2" Hg in 5 minutes.

NOTE

If the black PMT cover for the Sensor Assembly is removed, ensure to

replace the 5 dessicant bags inside the housing.

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8.10 Light Leak Check Procedure

1. Scroll the TEST functions to PMT.

2. Input zero gas.

3. Shine a powerful flashlight or portable incandescent light at the inlet and outlet fitting,

and at all the joints of the reaction cell. The PMT value should not respond to the light.

If there is a response, tighten the joints or replace the tubing with new black PTFE tubing. We

often find light leaks are caused by o-rings being left out of the assembly.

8.11 Prom Replacement Procedure

Preparation: If any setup changes such as RANGE, AUTOCAL, IZS ON/OFF etc. have been

made, record the changes because all settings should be checked after the PROM is changed. See

Table 9-9-8 for location of prom on CPU card.

1. Turn the machine off.

2. Remove the hold down screw that holds in the V/F-CPU assembly to the motherboard.

Disconnect the J9 power connector from the motherboard. Gently lift the assembly far

enough out of the instrument to remove the connector to the display and the RS-232

connector.

3. The CPU board is attached to the larger V/F board.

4. Remove the board, laying it down on an insulating surface such that the board edge pins

on the PCB are on the left. The PROM chip should be at the top center. The current chip

should be labeled with something like "210H9 - - -". See Table 9-9-8 for prom location.

Gently pry the chip from its socket and replace it with the new chip. Install the chip in the

left end of the socket with the notch facing to the right. Make sure that all of the legs insert

into the socket correctly.

5. Re-attach the CPU board to the V/F board, and re-attach the assembly to the

motherboard.

6. Turn the M200A ON and observe the front panel display. As the machine goes through

the setup the version number will be displayed on the front panel. It should read the same as

the version number printed on the prom.

7. Re-enter any non-default settings such as RANGE or AUTOCAL. Re-enter the SPAN

values in the CAL-CONC menu. Check all settings to make sure that expected setup

parameters are present.

8. Re-calibrate the Analyzer so that the default slope and intercept are overwritten with the

correct values.

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

9 TROUBLESHOOTING, ADJUSTMENTS

NOTE

The operations outlined in this chapter are to be

performed by qualified maintenance personnel only.

This section of the manual contains information on diagnosing and repairing instrument

performance problems. It contains information on how to use and interpret TEST and

DIAGNOSTIC data as well as WARNING messages the instrument generates. There is

information on how to troubleshoot the instrument subsystems. Finally there is information to

perform adjustments such as DAC calibration procedures.

This manual provides troubleshooting procedures that address problems to the board level. For

component level troubleshooting, consult the schematics for the appropriate board in Appendix

A.1.

NOTE

The values of the readings shown on the front panel of the

instrument may at times read XXXXXX. This means that the

reading is off scale and therefore meaningless.

General Troubleshooting

1. If the fault is light on and it stays on after you clear the warning messages, see Section

9.1.2.

2. Think of the analyzer as three sections:

Section 1: Pneumatics - Over 50% of all analyzer problems are traced to leaks in the pump

assembly, sample filter, instrument internal pneumatics, calibrator or external sample

handling equipment. Suspect a leak first, and check Section 9.2.

Section 2: Electronics - data processing section. This can be readily checked out using

Electric Test in Section 9.1.3.2.

Section 3: Optics - Optical section consisting of PMT, HVPS, Preamp, and signal

processing. Refer to Section 9.1.3.3 on use of Optical Test.

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3. Check the TEST functions:

A. Compare the TEST functions to the factory values in Table 2-2-6. This will often provide

important clues as to the problem.

B. Pay special attention to the NO and NOx slopes:

C. The slopes are the software equivalent of the span pot on an analog instrument. If the

slopes are not 1.0 ±0.3, the gain has changed. Do the following: Check the AutoZero

reading in the TEST functions. Compare it to the value in the factory checkout Table 2-

2-6. If the reading is significantly greater than the factory test value, the reaction cell

could be contaminated or there could be a light leak in the cell. Verify this fault by turning

the ozone generator off and see if the reading drops more than 25 mV.

D. Check for a change in cell pressure(vacuum) - compare to value in Table 2-2-6. - possible

causes:

1) Partially plugged ozone killer

2) Change of pump or malfunctioning pump

3) Plugged pneumatics

4) Change in altitude

4. Check for pneumatic leaks - perform the leak check procedure in Section 8.9 If slopes are

different from each other by > .1, this usually indicates a leak in the switching (NO/NOx)

valve or improper calibration.

5. Check for light leaks - Turn off the ozone generator, then wait 7 minutes. If the reading

drops significantly, the reaction cell is contaminated. If not a light leak is indicated.

6. Incorrect span gas concentration - this could come either from the calibrator or entering

the expected span gas concentration in the M200A incorrectly, see Table 7-7-4.

7. If the instrument does not respond to span gas, check Section 9.2.3.

The above should get you started in diagnosing and repairing the most common faults. If these

reasons have been eliminated, the next thing to do is a Factory Calibration covered in Section

9.1.6 or check Section 9.2 for other fault diagnosis. If difficulties persist, contact our service

department. The 800 telephone number is on the cover page of this manual.

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9.1 Operation Verification-M200A Diagnostic Techniques

9.1.1 Fault Diagnosis with TEST Variables

Table 9-9-1 indicates possible fault conditions that could cause the TEST functions to be outside

the acceptable range.

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Table 9-9-1: Test Functions

Test Function Factory Set-Up Comment

RANGE 500PPB This is the Range of the instrument. In standard configuration all 3

outputs have the same range.

Independent range option allows different ranges for each output.

When enabled, there will be 3 range values displayed.

Auto range option allows 2 different ranges for all outputs, and

will automatically switch to the other range dynamically as

concentration values require. The TEST values will show the

range the instrument is currently operating in, and will

dynamically display the alternate range as the range changes

occur.

STABIL Check value in

Final Test Values

Table 2-2-6

The instrument stability is the Std. Deviation of the last 10 min of

NOx conc data. It is computed for the NOx channel only. The noise

value only becomes meaningful if sampling a constant

concentration for more than 20 minutes. The noise value should be

compared to the value observed in the factory check-out.

Faults that cause high noise values are:

1. Gas leaks

2. Light leak

3. Faulty HVPS

4. Defective Preamp board

5. Outgassing Moly converter

6. PMT recently exposed to room light

7. Dirty/contaminated reaction cell

8. Mis-calibrated (slope - offset outside of limits)

SAMPLE FLW 500 cc/min ± 50 This is the instrument flow. It is computed using the up stream and

down stream pressures across the sample flow orifice. This

method can give a false flow indication if the orifice is plugged

and the sample pump is creating a pressure drop. It should be

taken into account when diagnosing instrument faults.

- A rapid method of determining if the orifice is plugged is to

disconnect the sample and ozone tubes from the reaction cell, then

briefly put your finger over the fittings on the cell. You should

feel the vacuum build up. Also note the difference between the

high sample flow and the low ozone flow rate.

- Another reliable method is to attach a rotameter or soap bubble

flowmeter to the fittings to measure the flows.

Flow rate will change ± a few cc/min due to changes in ambient

air pressure such as cycling of air conditioning, or passing weather

fronts. Changing altitude changes the ambient air pressure and

therefore the sample flowrate. This effect is about 15-20 cc/min

per 1000 feet of altitude change. If required the output of the

instrument can be compensated for pressure. See Section 5.3.9,

Table 9-9-5.

(table continued)

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Table 9-1: Test Functions (Continued)

Test Function Factory Set-Up Comment

OZONE FL 60 - 90 This is the Ozone flow. It is measured by a solid state flow meter,

and thus is a true indication of flow.

If you suspect there is no ozone being generated, disconnect the

tube at the reaction cell and rub the end of the tube on your

fingertips, then sniff your fingers. The odor of ozone should be

readily apparent.

PMT 0-5000 mV This is the instantaneous output of the PMT. During normal

operation the value varies widely as the M200A switches from NO

to NOx to AutoZero modes. Changes in reading will be

synchronized with valve switching. The PMT voltage values will

be relatively constant when:

1. Electric test - variation in the 2000 mV signal observed will be

sampling errors of the V/F board and preamp noise. See Section

9.1.3.2.

2. Optic test - variation in the 2000 mV signal will be PMT dark

current, preamp, HVPS plus item 1 above. See Section 9.1.3.3.

3. Sampling zero gas - signal from 1, 2 plus signal from ozone

generator air

4. Sampling pure NO span gas - signal will be 1, 2, 3, above plus

signal from chemiluminescent reaction. Slight pulsations will

be noticed as the M200A switches from NO to NOx. This is due

to differences in flowrates in each channel. These differences

are taken out in the calibration process resulting in slightly

different slopes for the NO and NOx channels. Large pulsations

when switching to the NOx channel is indicative of a bad moly

converter.

When sampling zero gas the PMT reading should be less than

150 mV and relatively constant.

High or noisy readings could be due to:

1. Excessive background light which is caused by a possible

contaminated reaction cell.

2. Humidity (undried ambient air) in the ozone generator feed air.

3. PMT recently exposed to room light. It takes 24-48 hours for

the PMT to adapt to dim light.

4. Light leak in reaction cell.

5. 5Improper slopes.

NORM PMT 0-5000 mV The Normalized PMT reading is to be used as the PMT reading

during the FACTORY CALIBRATION procedure. In addition to

the raw mV reading from the PMT this reading is adjusted using

certain other factors to produce an accurate reading for the Factory

Calibration procedure.

(table continued)

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Table 9-1: Test Functions (Continued)

Test Function Factory Set-Up Comment

AZERO Check value in

Final Test Values

Table 2-2-6

AZERO is the current value of the AutoZero circuit reading.

Values are typically 0 mV -20/+150. For values outside this range,

check the AutoZero and NO/NOx valve for cross port leaks. Use

Diagnostic mode to manually check the AutoZero valve for

correct operation.

HVPS 450-900 VDC This represents the scaled-up HVPS programming voltage to the

HVPS. The design of the HVPS precludes taking a single reading

that indicates the health of the supply. Refer to the HVPS

Troubleshooting Section 9.3.8.5 for a procedure for testing the

HVPS. This TEST function is used primarily to set the HVPS

voltage value. A value not in the 450 to 900 volt range indicates

problems with the HVPS supply.

DCPS 2500 ± 200 mV DCPS is a composite of the +5 and ± 15 VDC supplies. It has

been arbitrarily set at 2500 ± 200 mV. If it is not in this range one

of the voltages in the supply is not working. Check the procedures

for diagnosing the Power Supply Module in Section 9.3.5.

RCELL TEMP 50 ± 1 C The reaction cell temperature is controlled to 50 C ± 1 C by the

computer. It should only read other values when the instrument is

warming up. If the value is outside the acceptable range, go to the

procedure for diagnosing the Reaction cell temp supply in Section

9.3.8.2. The alarm limits are less than 45 C and greater than

55 C.

BOX TEMP 8-48 C The Box Temp is read from a thermistor on the Status/Temp board

(01086). It should usually read about 5 C above room temp. The

M200A is designed to operate from 5 to 40 C ambient. Therefore

the box temperature should be in the range of about 10 to 50 C.

Temperatures outside this range will cause premature failures of

components, and poor data quality. Warning limits are < 8 C and

> 48 C.

PMT TEMP 7 ± 1 C The PMT detector is very temperature sensitive. The PMT

temperature should always be 7 C, except at power-up.

Temperatures more than ±1 C from the set point indicate

problems with the cooler circuit. See Section 9.3.8.4 for PMT

cooler diagnostic and troubleshooting. Warning limits are < 5 C

and > 15 C.

MOLY TEMP 315 ± 5 C Moly temp is controlled by the CPU to 315 C. After cold start it

requires about 30 min to come to temperature. After temperature is

reached temperature should not vary more than ± 5 C. See

Section 9.3.4 for troubleshooting. Warning limits are < 290 C and

> 320 C.

(table continued)

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Table 9-1: Test Functions (Continued)

Test Function Factory Set-Up Comment

IZS TEMP 50 ± 0.4 C The IZS temperature is the temperature of the permeation tube

oven. This temperature is controlled by the CPU and is adjustable

in 0.1 C increments. This adjustment allows small changes in

permeation tube temperature so the permeation rate can be

adjusted to an even value. The control loop variations show a

temperature swing at the control thermistor of a few tenths of a

degree. Temperature fluctuations of the perm tube however are

less than 0.1 C. Warning limits are < 45 C and > 55  C.

RCEL PRESS 5 ± 1 in-Hg-A

(Thomas 607)

7 ± 2 in-Hg-A

(ASF internal)

RCEL is the pressure in the Reaction Cell. The instrument is very

sensitive to variations in reaction cell pressure. 10% change in

output per 1"Hg pressure is typical. The pressure reading will

change when going to the AutoZero cycle, otherwise it should

remain constant. Higher altitudes will decrease cell pressure due to

lower pump back pressure. Pressures out of the acceptable range

will decrease instrument noise performance and sensitivity.

SAMP PRESS 29.5"Hg at sea

level

The sample pressure is taken just upstream of the reaction cell. It

usually runs about 0.5" less than ambient pressure due to the

restrictions in the sample intake tubing. Sample pressure should be

within ± 1"Hg of atmospheric pressure. The pressure sensor used

reports absolute pressure and therefore is sensitive to altitude,

weather fronts, and room air conditioning. Changes due to altitude

is about 1" per 1000 ft., other changes are ± 0.4" maximum.

Pressurizing the sample inlet will cause the M200A to be noisy

and to shift its reading.

SLOPE 1.0 ± 0.3 This is the software slope value. It operates like a software gain

pot. Refer to Table 7-7-21 on Calibration Quality for additional

information.

OFFSET 0 ± 150 This is the software offset value. It operates like a software DC

offset pot. Refer to Table 7-7-21 on Calibration quality for

additional information.

TIME This is the time of day clock readout. It is used to time the

AutoCal cycles. The speed of the clock can be adjusted by the

CLOCK_ADJ variable in the VARS menu. The clock can be set

via SETUP-CLOCK-TIME from the front panel.

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9.1.2 Fault Diagnosis with WARNING Messages

The M200A monitors several internal values for alarm conditions. If the condition for an alarm

is met, the alarm is displayed on the front panel and the warning is transmitted out the RS-232

port. If a warning is present, it can be cleared by pressing the CLR key on the front panel. If

uncleared warnings are present they can be examined by pressing the MSG button on the

keyboard. Any time the instrument is powered up the SYSTEM RESET alarm will be displayed.

Generally, it is ok to ignore warnings that are displayed shortly after power-up, only if they

persist should they be investigated.

Table 9-9-2 shows the warning messages and gives some possible causes.

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Table 9-9-2: Front Panel Warning Messages

Message Description

SYSTEM RESET Analyzer was reset/powered on. This warning occurs every

time the instrument is powered up, as in a power failure. It can

also occur if the RAM or EEPROM is reset.

RAM INITIALIZED RAM was erased. The RAM contains the DAS averages which

get erased when the RAM is initialized. It also contains

temporary data used by the M200A to calculate concentrations.

No setup variables are stored in the RAM.

SAMPLE FLOW WARN The calculated sample flow is outside the hi/low limits. Since

the flow is calculated, it probably means the pressure has

gotten too low. This can be caused by a plugged sample inlet,

or water in ozone line into the reaction cell.

OZONE FLOW WARNING Ozone flow out of spec. warnings occur most often because of

loss of vacuum, which causes the ozone flow to go to zero.

They also can occur due to a flow sensor failure.

RxCELL PRESS WARNING Vacuum out of spec. warnings are caused by leaks, pump

failure or disconnected pump.

BOX TEMP WARNING Box temp. out of spec. Instrument fan failure, enclosure

temperature failure. Operation of the M200A in a too warm or

cold environment will cause degradation of data quality and

shorten the life of the instrument.

RCELL TEMP WARNING Reaction cell temp. out of spec. The warning message is most

often present during initial warm-up or if the connector to the

heaters is not plugged in after dis-assembly. It has also

occurred if the thermistor is not in position in the reaction cell.

IZS TEMP WARNING IZS temp. out of spec. The warning message is most often

present during initial warm-up or if the connector to the

heaters is not plugged in after dis-assembly. Also check the

position of the thermistor in permeation tube heater block.

Check to see if there is a good seal at the top of the heater

block.

(table continued)

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Table 9-2: Front Panel Warning Messages (Continued)

Message Description

PMT TEMP WARNING PMT temp. out of spec. The PMT temp has its own

proportional controller on the preamp (01141) board.

Warnings will occur during initial operation. The warning can

occur if the 7 pin connector to the interior of the sensor is not

plugged in. The power connector to the PSM should be

checked for proper voltage (+15 VDC ± 0.5).

MOLY TEMP WARNING Molycon temp. out of spec. The Moly temp is controlled by

the CPU. It has a thermocouple with amplifier on the 01086

Status/Temp board. Because of the high temperature of the

Moly (315 C), the moly temp warning will tend to be the last

warning to clear as the instrument is powered on.

CANNOT DYN ZERO Dynamic zero cal. out of spec. The reading of the PMT was

too high for the ZERO button to appear. Make sure the

instrument is receiving zero gas. Check for dirty reaction cell.

Do the factory calibration procedure located in Section 9.1.6.

CANNOT DYN SPAN Dynamic span cal. out of spec. The reading of the PMT was

too high or low for the SPAN button to appear. Make sure the

instrument is receiving correct concentration span gas. Make

sure the expected span concentration is entered. Check for

dirty reaction cell. Do the factory calibration procedure located

in Section 9.1.6.

OZONE GEN OFF Ozone Generator is off. See Table 9-9-17for conditions.

AZERO WRN XXX.X MV The AutoZero circuit compensates for detector dark current,

and background light. Certain electrical faults cause high

readings to be added to the filter. First, the cause of the high

ZutoZero reading should be found and repaired, then wait 15

minutes for the AutoZero filter to clear itself out.

A/D NOT INSTALLED V/F (00514) board has failed. The V/F board did not respond

to commands from the CPU. This probably means 1. board not

seated in socket 2. defective board 3. defective back plane

connector.

HVPS WARNING High Voltage Power Supply voltage out of limits. Limits are

400-900 VDC.

DCPS WARNING DC Power Supply voltage out of limits. Limits are 2500

± 500 mV.

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9.1.3 Fault Diagnosis Using DIAGNOSTIC Mode

Diagnostic mode can be looked at as a tool kit of diagnostics to help troubleshoot the instrument.

To enter DIAG mode press SETUP-MORE-DIAG.

The diagnostic modes are summarized in Table 9-9-3. To access these functions, press SETUP-

MORE-DIAG, then press NEXT, PREV to select the desired mode, then press ENTR to select

that mode.

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Table 9-9-3: Summary of Diagnostic Modes

DIAG Mode Description

SIGNAL I/O Gives access to the digital and analog inputs and outputs on

the V/F board. The status or value of all of the signals can be

seen. Some of the signals can be controlled from the keyboard.

Table 9-9-4 gives details on each signal and information on

control capabilities.

NOTE:

Some signals can be toggled into states that indicate warnings

or other faults. These settings will remain in effect until DIAG

mode is exited, then the M200A will resume control over the

signals.

ANALOG OUTPUT Causes a test signal to be written to the analog output DAC's.

The signal consists of a scrolling 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%,

100% of the analog output value. The scrolling may be

stopped by pressing the key underneath the % display to hold

that value. The exact voltage values depend on the jumper

settings on the analog output buffer amplifiers.

D/A CALIBRATION The analog output is created by 4 digital-to-analog converters.

This selection starts a procedure to calibrate these outputs.

Refer to Section 9.3.3.1 for a detailed procedure.

TEST CHANNEL Allows several different internal voltages to be routed to an

analog output port. Useful for diagnosing intermittent

instrument faults.

OPTICAL TEST Sets the M200A into a known state and turns on an LED near

the PMT to test the instrument signal path. See Section 9.1.3.3

for details on using this test.

ELECTRICAL TEST Tests just the electronic portion of the PMT signal path. Used

in conjunction with optic test, see Section 9.1.3.2.

O3 GEN OVERRIDE This function controls the power to the ozone generator. It

does not indicate status of the generator.

RS-232 Causes a 1 second burst of data to be transmitted from the RS-

232 port. Used to diagnose RS-232 port problems. See Section

9.1.3.7, 9.3.2 for RS-232 port diagnostic techniques.

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9.1.3.1 Signal I/O Diagnostic

Table 9-9-4: Diagnostic Mode - Signal I/O

No. Signal Control Description

0 DSP_BROWNOUT NO Display brownout is used to keep the display from

getting corrupted during low line voltage conditions.

Circuitry on the Status/Temp board (01086) senses

low line voltage and sets this bit. The CPU reads this

and generates the BROWNOUT_RST signal

described below.

1 EXT_ZERO_CAL NO Shows state of status input bit to cause the M200A to

enter Zero Calibration mode. Use to check external

contact closure circuitry.

2 EXT_SPAN_CAL NO Shows state of status input bit to cause the M200A to

enter the Span Calibration mode. Use to check

external contact closure circuitry.

3 SPAN_VALVE YES Switches the IZS Zero/Span valve. Use this bit to test

the valve function.

4 CAL_VALVE YES Switches the IZS Sample/Cal valve. Use this bit to

test the valve function.

5 NOX_VALVE YES Switches the NO/NOx valve. Use this bit to test the

valve function.

6 RCELL_HEATER YES Shows the status of the reaction cell heater. This has

the same function as the LED in the Power Supply

Module.

7 IZS_HEATER YES Shows the status of the IZS permeation tube heater.

This has the same function as the LED in the Power

Supply Module.

8 ELEC_TEST YES Turns on electric test bit in preamp. Should be used

for troubleshooting Preamp logic lines.

We recommend you use the ELEC TEST button in

the DIAG menu to operate electric test.

9 OPTIC_TEST YES Turns on optic test bit in preamp. Should be used for

troubleshooting Preamp logic lines.

We recommend you use the OPTIC TEST button in

the DIAG menu to operate optic test.

(table continued)

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Table 9-4: Diagnostic Mode - Signal I/O (Continued)

No. Signal Control Description

10 BROWNOUT_RST YES Brownout reset works in conjunction with

DSP_BROWNOUT. When DSP_BROWNOUT is

set, the CPU sends a signal to reset the display and

clear the DSP_BROWNOUT.

11 CONV_HEATER YES Shows the status of the Moly heater. This has the

same function as the LED in the Power Supply

Module.

12 O3GEN_STATUS YES Switches ON/OFF power to the ozone generator.

13 AUTO_ZERO_VALVE YES Switches the AutoZero valve. Use this bit to test the

valve function.

14 PREAMP_RANGE_HI YES Switches the preamp(01105) hardware range.

Standard ranges are 2000 and 20,000 ppb. Logic high

= 20,000 ppb; logic low = 2000 ppb. M200A will

reset range to correct value based on user set range

value.

15 ST_RCEL_PRESS YES Status Bit - Reaction Cell Pressure alarm

Logic High = pressure out of acceptable range

Logic Low = pressure inside acceptable range

16 ST_ZERO_CAL YES Status Bit - Zero Calibration mode

Logic High = M200A in Zero cal mode

Logic Low = Not in Zero cal mode

17 ST_SPAN_CAL YES Status Bit - Span Calibration mode

Logic High = M200A in Span cal mode

Logic Low = Not in Span cal mode

18 ST_FLOW_ALARM YES Status Bit - Flow alarm

Logic High = Sample/Ozone flow out of spec

Logic Low = Flows within spec

19 ST_TEMP_ALARM YES Status Bit - Temperature alarm

Logic High = Rxcell, Moly, IZS, Box temps out of

spec

Logic Low = Temps within spec

20 ST_DIAG_MODE YES Status Bit - In Diagnostic mode

Logic High = M200A in Diagnostic mode

Logic Low = Not in Diag mode

(table continued)

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Table 9-4: Diagnostic Mode - Signal I/O (Continued)

No. Signal Control Description

21 ST_POWER_OK YES Status Bit - Power OK

Logic High = Instrument power is on

Logic Low = Instrument power is off

22 ST_SYSTEM_OK YES Status Bit - System OK

Logic High = No instrument warnings present

Logic Low = 1 or more alarms present

23 ST_HIGH_RANGE YES Status Bit - Autorange High Range

Logic High = M200A in high range of autorange

mode

Logic Low = M200A in low range of autorange

mode

24 PMT_SIGNAL NO Current PMT voltage. Same as PMT voltage in TEST

menu. Bi-polar, typically in 0-5000 mV range. A

constant value of 5000 mV indicates offscale.

25 SAMPLE_PRESs NO Sample pressure in mV. Typical sea level value =

4300 mV for 29.9" Hg-A.

26 RCELL_TEMP NO Reaction Cell temperature. Typically 3500 mV for

50 C.

27 BOX_TEMP NO Box Temperature. Typically 1800 mV for 25 C

28 IZS_TEMP NO IZS permeation tube oven temp. Typically 3500 mV

for 50 C.

29 PMT_TEMP NO PMT cold block temperature. Typically 3600 mV for

10 C.

30 DCPS_VOLTAGE NO DC power supply composite voltage output.

Typically 2500 mV.

31 RCELL_PRESS NO Reaction Cell Pressure in mV. Typically 1270 mV

for 5" Hg-A at sea level. Is an absolute pressure so

higher values means higher absolute pressures.

32 OZONE_FLOW NO Ozone flowmeter voltage. Typically 2000 mV at

80 cc/min.

33 CONV_TEMP NO Molybdenum Converter temp. Typically 3150 mV at

315 C.

34 HVPS_VOLTAGE NO HVPS programming voltage. Output of HVPS is

1000x value present. 700 mV = 700 VDC output.

(table continued)

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Table 9-4: Diagnostic Mode - Signal I/O (Continued)

No. Signal Control Description

35 DAC_CHAN_0 NO Output of NOx channel in mV.

36 DAC_CHAN_1 NO Output of NO channel in mV.

37 DAC_CHAN_2 NO Output of NO2 channel in mV.

38 DAC_CHAN_3 NO Test Channel output. Not implemented in current

software.

39 NOX_CONC YES NOx DAC programming voltage. The following 4

signals can be set to output specific voltages to each

DAC. Use in conjunction with ANALOG OUTPUT

test to check each DAC output channel. The value

keyed in should appear on the the appropriate analog

output channel. This value overrides data being

written from the analyzer. Value reverts to instrument

output when function is exited.

40 NO_CONC YES NO DAC programming voltage. See above for

description.

41 NO2_CONC YES NO2 DAC programming voltage. See above for

description.

42 TEST_OUTPUT YES TEST channel programming voltage. See above for

description.

9.1.3.2 Electric Test

This function injects a constant voltage between the preamplifier and the buffer amplifier on the

preamp board. Electric test checks part of the preamp, the V/F and computer for proper

functioning. The result of electric test should be a smooth quiet signal as shown by constant

values for the NO, NOx concentrations, the NO2 concentration should be near zero. Likewise the

analog outputs should produce a smooth quiet trace on a strip chart.

Procedure:

1. Scroll the TEST function to PMT.

2. Press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to ELECT TEST by pressing the NEXT button.

When ET appears, press ENTR to turn it on.

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3. The value in PMT should come up to 2000 mV ± 500 mV in less than 15 sec.

If the HVPS or the span gain adjust on the preamp card has been changed without doing a

FACTORY CALIBRATE the reading in step 3 may be different than 2000 mV, since the

overall calibration affects ELECTRIC TEST. See Section 9.1.6 for factory calibration

procedure.

4. To turn off ET press EXIT.

If ET is a steady 2000 ± 500 mV, that means the Power Supply Module, Preamp buffer

amplifier, V/F, CPU, and display are all working properly.

9.1.3.3 Optic Test

Optic test turns on a small LED inside the PMT housing which simulates the signal from the

reaction cell. OT tests the entire signal detection subsystem. By observing the level, noise and

drift of this test, correct operation of many sections of the analyzer can be verified.

The implementation of OT involves several changes to the instrument operating conditions. The

M200A does the following when switching to optic test:

1. Saves the current instrument setup as to autorange, indep range, current range and places

the instrument into the 2000 ppb range.

2. Turns off power to the ozone generator to assure there is no interfering light from the

reaction cell.

3. Disables the AUTOZERO circuit.

4. Turns on the OT LED, the PMT reading in TEST functions should be 2000 ± 1000 mV.

To turn on OT, press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to OPTIC TEST, then press ENTR.

If the HVPS or the span gain adjust on the preamp card has been changed without doing a

FACTORY CALIBRATE the reading in step 4 may be different than 2000 mV, since the overall

calibration affects OPTIC TEST. See Section 9.1.6 for factory calibration procedure.

9.1.3.4 Ozone Gen Power

This diagnostic manually turns the power off and on to the ozone generator. When the M200A is

powered up from a cold start the ozone generator is not immediately started. This is due to the

fact that humid air may be present in the generator cartridge. Humid air can produce nitric acid

aerosol which can permanently damage parts of the instrument down stream of the generator.

Using this diagnostic, it is possible to turn on the generator before the warmup time has elapsed.

If you turn the power on it will remain on after you exit the diagnostic.

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9.1.3.5 Analog Out Step Test

The Step Test is used to test the functioning of the 4 DAC outputs on the V/F board. The test

consists of stepping each analog output 0-20-40-60-80-100% of the output. If the analog outputs

are set for 0-5V full scale the outputs would step 0-1-2-3-4-5 VDC. The stepping can be halted at

any value by pressing the key under the percentage on the front panel. When the test is halted,

square brackets are placed around the percentage value in the display. Pressing the key again

resumes the test. This test is useful for testing the accuracy/linearity of the analog outputs.

9.1.3.6 DAC Calibration

The Digital to Analog Converters (DAC) are calibrated when the instrument is set up at the

factory. Re-calibration is usually not necessary, but is provided here in case the V/F board needs

to be replaced and re-calibrated. The procedure for using the DAC Calibration routines are in the

Troubleshooting Section 9.3.3.1.

9.1.3.7 RS-232 Port Test

This test is used to verify the operation of the RS-232 port. It outputs a 1 second burst of the the

ASCII letter 'w'. During the test it should be possible to detect the presence of the signal with a

DVM on pin 2 or 3 (depending on the DTE/DCE switch setting) or by the flickering of the red

test LED. A detailed procedure is given in the Troubleshooting Section 9.3.2.

9.1.4 M200A Internal Variables

The M200A software contains many adjustable parameters. Most of the parameters are set at

time of manufacture and do not need to be adjusted for the lifetime of the instrument. Some of

the variables are user adjustable, they are listed in Table 9-9-5.

To access the VARS menu press SETUP-MORE-VARS-ENTR. Use the PREV-NEXT buttons

to select the variable of interest, then press EDIT to examine/change the value, then press ENTR

to save the new value and return to the next higher menu. If no change is required, press EXIT.

TPC_ENABLE

The M200A has temperature and pressure compensation. T/P comp adjusts the output of the

instrument for changes in sample temperature, reaction cell pressure, and atmospheric pressure.

The sample temperature is controlled by the temperature of the reaction cell. The setpoint is 50

C, and the value of the adjustment parameter is equal to 1.0000 when the reaction cell

temperature is 50 C. The temperature compensation increases sample concentration with

increasing temperature to compensate for the drop in density of gas in the reaction cell.

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The reaction cell pressure compensation factor is equal to 1.0000 when the cell pressure is 5"-

Hg-A. The compensation factor increases sample concentration with increasing cell pressure to

compensate for increased quenching of the chemiluminescent reaction at higher pressures. The

pressure compensation correction has been found to work adequately up to about 8000 ft

(2400m) altitude.

The sample pressure compensation factor is equal to 1.0000 at 29.92"-Hg-A. This factor

increases sample concentration with decreasing sample pressure to compensate for a lower head

pressure on the sample flow orifice.

Taken together, the three factors change the output of the instrument very little. The sample

temperature is essentially invariant, and the cell pressure and sample pressure factors tend to

cancel each other. The resultant coefficient has no practical variation with pressure changes due

to weather fronts. Changes in altitude of 1000 feet usually change the output of the instrument by

about 0.5% if compensation is turned off, much less if it is operating.

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Table 9-9-5: Model 200A Internal Variables

No. Name Units Default

Value Value

Range Description

0 DAS_HOLD_OFF min 15 0-60 Time that data is not put into

DAS after CAL or DIAG

modes

1 TPC_ENABLE Logic OFF ON-OFF Temp/Pres compensation

enable

2 DYN_ZERO Logic OFF ON-OFF Enable zero calibration during

rear panel contact closure zero

mode

3 DYN_SPAN Logic OFF ON-OFF Enable span calibration during

rear panel contact closure

span mode

4 SFLOW_SET cc/min. 500 400-1000 Nominal sample flow rate

5 OFLOW_SET cc/min. 80 0-500 Nominal ozone flow rate

6 IZS_SET  C 50 30-70 IZS temperature set point

7 RS232_MODE Bit

Field

0 0-99999 Value is SUM of following

decimal numbers:

1=enable quiet mode

2=enable computer mode

4=enable security feature

8=enable front panel RS-232

menus

16=enable alternate protocol

32=enable multidrop protocol

8 CLOCK_ADJ Sec. 0 +-60 Real-time clock speed

adjustment

9 CAL_ON_NO2 OFF ON-OFF Enable calibrate on NO2 perm

tube

9.1.5 Test Channel Analog Output

Many of the TEST functions have an analog voltage associated with them. As a diagnostic aid it

is possible to route the various test voltages out the 4th analog output.

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Table 9-9-6: Test Channel Readings

TEST Channel Minimum* Maximum* Description

PMT

DETECTOR

0 mV 5000 mV PMT detector output from the preamp. This

signal has been amplified and filtered. Since the

instrument is switched and uses AutoZero,

normal values can vary from –100 to 5000 mV.

Wide variations in this signal are normal. Values

should be around 0 mV when sampling zero air.

OZONE FLOW 0 cc/min 1000 cc/min This signal is the output from the ozone

flowmeter. Values around 1150 mV indicate

zero flow. Typical values for 80 cc/min ozone

flow are around 1800 mV. Voltage should be

steady, indicating stable flow.

SAMPLE

FLOW

0 cc/min 1000 cc/min The sample flow is calculated from the upstream

pressure as measured by the SAMPLE

PRESSURE transducer.

SAMPLE

PRESSURE

0 “ Hg-Abs 40 “-Hg-Abs The sample pressure is measured by an absolute

pressure meter. The absolute pressure at sea

level is 29.92”-Hg. The exact reading will vary a

few tenths due to passing weather fronts and

daily temperature cycling. The reading will

decrease about 1”-Hg with each 1000 ft gain in

altitude. For example, the absolute pressure at

10,000-ft (3000 m) is about 20”-Hg-A. A typical

value near sea level would be about 4200 mV.

RCELL

PRESSURE

0 “ Hg-Abs 40 “-Hg-Abs Like the SAMPLE PRESSURE the RCELL

pressure is an absolute pressure measurement.

With the sample pump off, it should read about

atmospheric pressure. With the pump operating,

a typical value is 1300 mV for about 5”-Hg-A

reaction cell pressure.

RCELL TEMP 0o C 70o C Reaction Cell temperature is set to 50o C. At the

setpoint, a typical reading is 3600 mV.

BLOCK TEMP 0o C 70o C The Block temperature is set to 50o C. At the

setpoint, a typical reading is 3600 mV.

(table continued)

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Table 9-6: Test Channel Readings (Continued)

TEST Channel Minimum* Maximum* Description

IZS TEMP 0o C 70o C The IZS temperature is set to 50o C. At

the setpoint, a typical reading is

3600 mV.

CONV TEMP 0o C 1000o C The Converter temperature is 315o C. At

the setpoint, a typical voltage is

3150 mV.

PMT TEMP 0o C 70o C The PMT temperature is unique in that

the voltage is inverse to the temperature.

A typical reading for 8o C would be

4200 mV.

CHASSIS

TEMP

0o C 70o C The Chassis (Box) temperature is

variable due to variable ambient air

temperature. The Box temp generally

runs about 5o C above the surrounding

air temp. Thus in a 25o C room, the Box

temp would be about 30o C and have a

TEST channel voltage of about

2000 mV.

DCPS

VOLTAGE

0 mV 5000 mV The DCPS is a composite of several DC

power supply voltages in the instrument.

It has been arbitrarily set at 2500 mV,

which is typical.

HVPS

VOLTAGE

0 V 5000 V The HVPS voltage is a scaled up

reading of the programming voltage

going to the HVPS. Zero to 1000 mV

corresponds 0-1000 VDC for the HVPS,

which is the maximum voltage possible.

A typical reading would be 700 mV

corresponding to 700 VDC for the

HVPS.

* Minimum and Maximum readings depend on the DAC 3 switch settings of the V/F board. For

the standard 5 VDC range, minimum corresponds to 0 VDC and maximum corresponds to

5 VDC.

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9.1.6 Factory Calibration Procedure

The Factory Cal procedure balances the PMT, preamp, and software gain factors so the

instrument has optimum noise, linearity, and dynamic range. It should be used when you are

unable to zero or span the instrument, when the slope and offset values are outside of the

acceptable range, or when other more obvious reasons for problems have been eliminated.

Factory Calibration Procedure:

NOTE

In this procedure a range of 500 ppb and a span gas concentration

of 400 ppb is used as an example. Other values can be used.

1. On the Preamp board (see Appendix for schematics), set S1 and S2 to 8. Turn R19 20

turns clockwise, then 3 turns counter-clockwise (see figure 2-5).

2. Set RANGE MODE to SNGL by SETUP-RNGE-MODE-SNGL to select single range

operation.

3. Set the RANGE to 500 ppb by SETUP-RNGE-SET and key in 500, then press ENTR.

4. Input Zero gas into the sample port, and Scroll to the TEST function labeled PMT.

Typical reading should be less than 50 mV. Readings above 150 mV indicate a pneumatic

leak, light leak, contaminated reaction cell, bad zero gas, or wet air coming into the ozone

generator. If readings are greater than ±150 mV, the instrument will not zero or span

properly, see Sections 9.2.8, 9.2.9.

5. Allow the instrument to sample zero gas for at least 20 minutes to re-fill the internal data

filters and autozero filter with zero readings. Then zero the instrument by CAL-ZERO-

ENTR.

6. Set the expected span concentration to 400ppb. Enter the expected NOx concentration of

400 ppb by pressing CAL-CONC-NOX. Then press CAL-CONC-NO, to enter the expected

NO concentration of 400 ppb. Then press EXIT to return to the CAL menu.

7. Input 400 ppb of NO span gas in the sample inlet port.

8. Scroll to the NORM_PMT - TEST function.

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9. Calculate the expected NORM PMT mV reading.

For ranges up to 2000 ppb, multiply the expected span value by 2 to get the mV reading.

For ranges 2001 to 20000 ppb, multiply the expected span value by .2 to get the mV reading.

In this example the expected span gas concentration is 400 ppb and therefore the expected

voltage is 800 mV. As an alternate method, the voltage can be determined from the graph in

Table 9-9-7. On the Y-axis find the calibration concentration in ppb, then determine the

expected voltage from the X-axis.

10. Adjust S2, the HVPS coarse adjustment, on the preamp board to the setting that produces

a signal that is closest to 800 mV. Adjust S1, the HVPS fine adjustment, to the setting that

produces a signal that is closest to 800 mV. Use R19 to trim the reading to 800 ± 50 mV. The

readings will periodically go to zero as the AutoZero circuit operates, ignore the zero

readings.

11. Allow the instrument to sample span gas for 30 minutes. Then do a span calibration by

CAL-SPAN-ENTR. After the span is completed, do the span quality check procedure in

Table 7-7-21. This procedure is extremely important to assure that the instrument will

operate with optimum noise, linearity, and dynamic range.

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Table 9-9-7: Span Calibration Voltage

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Electric Test (ET) Procedure:

1. To adjust ET press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to ELEC TEST and press ENTR.

2. Scroll the TEST functions until PMT is displayed.

3. Adjust R27 until 2000 mV ± 100 is displayed.

4. Press EXIT to return to SAMPLE mode.

Optic Test (OT) Procedure:

1. To adjust OT press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to OPTIC TEST and press ENTR.

2. Scroll the TEST functions until PMT is displayed.

3. Adjust R25 until 2000 mV ± 100 is displayed.

4. Press EXIT to return to SAMPLE mode.

If this procedure does not produce an instrument that will properly span, please contact your

local distributor or the Teledyne API factory. Teledyne API's phone number is on the front page

of this manual.

9.2 Performance Problems

When the response from a span check is outside the control limits, the cause for the drift should

be determined, and corrective action should be taken. Some of the causes for drift are listed

below:

NOTE

It has been our experience that about 50% of all analyzer performance

problems are sooner or later traced to leaks in some part of the system.

1. Fluctuations in flow. Such as leaks or plugged orifices.

2. Lack of preventive maintenance.

3. Change in zero air source.

A. Air containing NO leaking into zero air line.

B. Saturation of charcoal and/or Purafil scrubbers.

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4. Change in span gas concentration.

A. Zero air or ambient air leaking into span gas line.

B. Permeation tube or cal gas tank exhaustion.

5. Leak in NO/NOx or AutoZero switching valves.

6. Loose pneumatic fittings.

9.2.1 AC Power Check

1. Check that power is present at main line power input. Verify that correct voltage and

frequency is present. If unit is set for 240 VAC and is plugged into 115 VAC it will appear as

a no power fault.

2. Check that the unit is plugged into a good socket. Analyzer must have 3-wire safety

power input.

3. Check circuit breaker. The circuit breaker is part of the front panel power switch. It is set

each time the instrument power is turned on. If there is an internal short causing a trip, the

switch will automatically return to the OFF position when an attempt is made to turn it on.

9.2.2 Flow Check

1. Check TEST function RCEL - this is the absolute pressure in the reaction cell.

It should be 5 - 10 in-Hg-A.

2. Check that pump is running. Check RCEL - TEST function for proper pressure.

3. Check that the pump tubing is connected to rear of analyzer.

4. Test that pump is producing vacuum by removing fitting at rear of analyzer and checking

for suction at fitting.

5. Check for flow at reaction cell.

A. Remove the 1/8" fitting that carries sample (this tube comes from the valve assembly on

the moly converter). Plug the fitting on the reaction cell with your finger and note the

vacuum produced.

B. Remove the ozone fitting also and compare relative flow rates. Sample should be much

higher (500 cc/min) than ozone (80 cc/min).

C. Re-connect the sample and ozone lines, then check RCEL TEST function for proper

vacuum reading. Should be 5 - 10"Hg-A.

6. Check for broken flow or pressure sensor.

7. Leak check analyzer. See Section 8.9 for leak check procedure.

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9.2.3 No Response to Sample

1. Confirm correct operation of analog output by performing Analog Output Step Test in

Section 9.1.3.5.

2. Confirm general operation of analyzer.

A. Check for AC Power, Section 9.2.1.

B. Do flow checks, Section 9.2.2.

C. Confirm that sample gas contains NO or NO2.

3. Check instrument electronics.

A. Do ELEC TEST procedure in DIAGNOSTIC menu Section 9.1.3.2.

B. Do OPTIC TEST procedure in the DIAGNOSTIC menu Section 9.1.3.3.

If the M200A passes ET and OT, that means the instrument is capable of detecting light

and processing the signal to produce a reading. Therefore, the problem is in the

pneumatics or ozone generator.

4. Check ozone generator subsystem. Do diagnostic test of ozone generator subsystem, see

Section 9.3.6.

5. Check for disconnected electrical cables to sensor module.

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9.2.4 Negative Output

1. Mis-calibration. The 'zero' gas that was used to zero the M200A contained some NO gas -

that is, it had more NO gas than that of the sample air. May also be caused by doing a zero

calibration using ambient air. If NO/NOx OFFSET - TEST functions are greater than

150 mV, reaction cell contamination is indicated.

2. Corruption of the AutoZero filter. If a significant signal was detected during the AutoZero

cycle, that higher reading can enter the AutoZero filter. The value of the AutoZero filter is

subtracted from the current reading, thus producing a negative reading. High AutoZero

readings can be caused by:

A. Leaking AutoZero valve.

B. Electronic fault in the preamp causing it to have a voltage on the PMT output pin during

the AutoZero cycle.

C. Reaction cell contamination causing high background ( >40 mV) light readings.

D. Broken PMT temperature control circuit, allowing high zero offset.

After fixing the cause of the high AutoZero filter readings, the M200A will take 15

minutes for the filter to clear itself.

3. Check for leaks.

4. Check for used up zero air canister, if the instrument has the IZS option and the canister is

being used to zero the instrument.

9.2.5 Excessive Noise

Common reasons for excessive noise are:

1. Leak in pneumatic system.

2. Light leak - check the sensor module with strong light.

3. HVPS noisy - see HVPS test procedure. See Section 9.3.8.5.

4. Defective electronic components on preamp board. - use optic test and electric test to

check electronics, optics and observe noise.

5. Contamination of ozone generator and/or reaction cell - This can be wet air or impurities.

This can be detected by high PMT readings with zero air as sample gas. Verify this condition

by turning off the ozone generator using the DIAG mode command and observing a drop in

PMT reading of more than 50 mV or 25 ppb. If the ozone generator or reaction cell is

contaminated, disassemble and clean.

6. Broken PMT temperature control circuit. Check PMT TEMP - TEST function.

7. Mis-calibration. Check NO/NOx SLOPES in TEST function.

8. Reaction cell pressure too high. Check RCEL - TEST function.

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9.2.6 Unstable Span

Common causes are:

1. Leak in pneumatic system.

2. Light leak - check the sensor module with strong light.

3. Instrument not fully warmed up.

4. Sample lines or sample filter dirty - clean or replace.

5. Plugged sample inlet orifice - clean with methanol and sonic cleaner.

6. Defective HVPS - see HVPS test procedure.

7. Bad or defective PMT detector - replace.

8. Reaction cell temp not stable - observe warning messages, or RCELL TEMP in TEST

functions. Check diagnostic LED in Power Supply Module for normal cycling.

9. Large variations in ambient temperature - observe warning messages, or BOX TEMP in

TEST functions.

10. Large variations in line voltage. - Line voltage should remain within +-10% of nominal.

11. Pump not maintaining steady vacuum - observe warning messages, or RCEL in TEST

functions.

12. Sample vent line too short, allowing room air to mix with span gas. Line should be a

minimum of 15" long.

13. Calibration gas source unstable - if equipped with IZS option, permeation tube could be

nearing exhaustion or IZS oven temperature is unstable, check warning messages, or observe

IZS TEMP in TEST function.

14. IZS permeation tube unstable -

A. IZS subsystem leaking - leak check

B. IZS zero air scrubber exhausted - replace charcoal and Purafil

C. Moly converter efficiency unstable - check converter efficiency or replace

D. IZS oven temperature unstable - verify stable temperature

E. Permeation tube installed upside down or wrong side, see Table 6-6-6 for correct

installation.

F. Variations in humidity. The permeation tube changes output depending on the humidity

of the dilution air. Room air is drawn into the zero air scrubber. If the room air has high

humidity or if the humidity varies, the output of the permeation tube will be unstable.

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9.2.7 Unstable Zero

Common causes are:

1. Leak in pneumatic system. Perform leak check, see Section 8.9.

2. Miscalibration. See Table 7-7-1.

3. Light leak - check the sensor module with strong light.

4. If equipped with IZS, zero air scrubber exhausted - replace charcoal and Purafil.

5. Sample lines or sample filter dirty - clean or replace.

9.2.8 Inability to Span

If the SPAN button is not illuminated when attempting to span, that means the reading is outside

of the software gain ranges allowed. In an analog instrument it would be the equivalent to the

span pot hitting the rotation stop.

Here are some things to check:

1. Check the expected span concentration values in CAL-CONC-NOX and CAL-CONC-

NO, and compare them to the values of the calibration span gas being input. They should be

nearly equal.

2. Check the PMT - TEST function. With NO span gas in the instrument, the value should

be 2x the expected span concentration in step 1. above for range settings up to 2000 ppb. If

over 2000 ppb, the value should be 0.2x the expected span concentration.

3. Check ET and OT for a response to 2000 mV on the PMT - TEST function.

4. If the above do not check out, perform the Factory Calibration Procedure Section 9.1.6.

5. If the PMT voltage is near zero with span gas, check fuse and power to ozone generator.

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9.2.9 Inability to Zero

If the ZERO button is not illuminated when attempting to zero, that means the reading is outside

of the software gain ranges allowed. In an analog instrument it would be the equivalent to the

zero pot hitting the rotation stop. Check the following:

Select the PMT - TEST function. With zero gas going into the instrument, the value should be

less than 150 mV, typically less than 50 mV. If you are getting a high reading, the probable

reasons are:

1. The reading may be temporarily high if the PMT has been recently exposed to room

light. If so, let the instrument run for several hours with zero gas to get the PMT accustomed

to low light levels.

2. Leak that admits gas containing NO.

3. Contaminated reaction cell. Remove and clean cell.

4. Wet (i.e., undried ambient air) air into the ozone generator. Check the PermaPure drier

and associated plumbing for leaks and correct operation.

5. Zero gas that isn't really zero. Make sure you're not trying to zero the machine with

ambient air or span gas.

6. AutoZero filter is corrupted with high readings. To clear the AutoZero filter, input zero

gas and wait for 15 minutes for the filter to clear.

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9.2.10 Non-Linear Response

Common causes are:

1. Leak in pneumatic system, see Section 8.9.

2. High zero background - the PMT TEST function should be near 50 mV with zero gas.

Readings above 100 mV indicate a light leak, contaminated reaction cell, bad zero gas, or

wet air coming into the ozone generator. If the reading is not less than 150 mV, the

instrument will not zero or span properly. Check Section 9.2.9.

3. Calibration device in error - re-check flowrates and concentrations. Especially at low

concentrations. If you are using a Mass Flow calibrator and the flow is < 10% of the full

scale flow on either flowmeter you may need to purchase lower concentration standards.

4. The standard gasses may be mis-labeled as to type or concentration. Labeled

concentrations may be outside the certified tolerance.

5. Contamination in sample delivery system:

A. Dirt in sample lines or reaction cell

B. Contaminated cal gas source (NO2 in NO cal gas is common)

C. Dilution air contains sample or span gas

6. Ozone concentration too low:

A. Wet air in generator - need to disassemble, clean, dry

B. Electrical short circuit

C. Transformer partial failure

7. Sample inlet vent line too short - should be at least 15".

8. Sample exhaust not properly vented, creating a backpressure at the sample inlet port of

the instrument. See Table 2-2-3 for venting recommendations.

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9.2.11 Slow Response

1. Contaminated or dirty sample delivery pneumatics.

A. Dirty/plugged sample filter or sample lines.

B. Dirty reaction cell.

2. Sample inlet line too long.

3. Wrong materials in contact with sample - use glass, stainless steel or Teflon.

4. Sample vent line located too far from instrument sample inlet. Locate sample inlet vent as

close as possible to analyzer.

5. Insufficient time allowed for purging of lines upstream of analyzer.

6. Leaking NO/NOx valve.

7. Insufficient time allowed for NO or NO2 cal gas source to become stable.

8. Moly converter temperature too low.

9. Miscalibration, see Table 7-7-1.

9.2.12 Analog Output Doesn't Agree with Display Concentration

The analog output is proportional to the range. Zero volts output corresponds to zero ppb, and 5

volts corresponds to the maximum range setting in ppb. If this is not observed do the following:

1. V/F board DAC's out of calibration. Do DAC calibration and Factory Calibration.

2. Analog outputs electrically loaded down causing voltage to sag. Could be due to imput

impedance to chart recorder or data logger being too low or improper grounding. The

Recorder and DAS outputs do not have separate output drivers, the problem could be the

combined load of both could be too high.

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9.3 Subsystem Troubleshooting and Adjustments

9.3.1 Computer, Display, Keyboard

The purpose of this section is to determine if the computer subsystem electronics hardware are

working properly. Asessment will be made at the board level.

9.3.1.1 Front Panel Display

The front panel display is a 2 line by 40 character display. It has its own microprocessor to

decode commands and display characters. It contains a self test feature. To test the display:

1. Turn off the power to the instrument.

2. Fold down the M200A front panel.

3. Disconnect the 26 line flat ribbon cable (J2) that connects the computer parallel port to

the keyboard.

4. Turn on the M200A power switch.

5. Observe the front panel display. If the display successfully completes its power on self

test, it will display a single underline character "_" in the left most character of the top line of

the display. If this character is present, the display is working properly.

6. Power down the analyzer, and re-attach the cable to J2, and proceed to the next test.

9.3.1.2 Single Board Computer

The SBC40 is a full function computer designed for instrument control applications. It consists

of a 16 bit 8080 microprocessor, 2 serial and one parallel ports, standard bus interface, and 4

sockets for memory. The memory sockets consist of: 256k ROM containing the multitasking

operating system and application code, 8k EE prom containing the setup variables, 256k RAM

containing data collected by the instrument, and a time-of-day clock to provide event timing

services. The overall function of this board is quite complex. Complete testing of this board's

functions is not possible in the field.

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Table 9-9-8: CPU Board Jumper Settings

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Like the display, the overall functioning of the CPU can be confirmed by a simple test.

1. Locate the CPU board on the mother board by referring to Table 2-2-5.

2. Power the instrument on.

3. Locate the red LED at the top left edge of the board.

4. It should be flashing at a frequency of about once per second.

5. This flashing indicates the board is powered up and is executing instructions.

Testing and operation of the CPU RS-232 port is described in Section 9.3.2. It is possible for the

UART driver chip to malfunction in either or both of the input or output ports.

9.3.1.3 Front Panel Keyboard

The keyboard consists of 8 keys and 3 LED's. Key strokes are sent to the SBC40 computer's

parallel port. The computer software detects the key strokes via interrupts. The bottom line of the

display consists of 40 characters which is divided into 8 - 5 character fields. Each field defines

the function of the key immediately below it. The definition of the keys is variable and depends

on the menu level of the software.

To check the operation of the keyboard, each key should perform an operation indicated by its

current definition shown on the second line of the display.

Example #1 - testing key#1 (left most key).

At the top level menu key #1 is defined as the TEST function. Pressing this key should cause the

middle field of the top line of the display to show the various test functions.

Example #2 - testing key #8 (right most key). At the top level menu key #8 is defined as the

SETUP key. pressing key #8 should cause the SETUP menu to be displayed.

Example #3 - If the 5 character field above any key is blank, the key is not defined, pressing the

key has no effect.

9.3.1.4 Front Panel Status Indicators

The 3 status LED's indicate several functional states of the instrument such as calibration, fault,

and sample modes. The state of the LED's is controlled by 3 lines on the parallel port of the

SBC40. Functioning of the LED's can be checked by:

1. Turn off the M200A power.

2. While watching the LED's, turn on the instrument power.

3. When the power comes up, the computer momentarily applies power to all 3 LED's. If all

the LED's are observed to light, they are working properly.

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9.3.2 RS-232 Communications

The M200A uses the RS-232 communications protocol to allow the instrument to be connected

to a variety of computer based equipment. RS-232 has been used for many years and is well

documented. Generally, every manufacturer observes the signal and timing requirements of the

protocol very carefully. Problems arise when trying to specify connectors, and wiring diagrams

that attach the analyzer to various devices.

9.3.2.1 RS-232 Connection

If the RS-232 port is not working, check the following:

Physical Wiring

First is to get the physical wiring hooked up correctly. Refer to Table 9-9-9 for the wiring

diagram of the DB-9 plug on the M200A rear panel. There are 2 features that make connecting

the wiring easier. First is the red/green LED’s on the rear panel. The M200A provides the power

to run the red LED, the external equipment will provide the power for the green LED. If the

wiring is hooked up correctly both LED’s will be illuminated. Secondly, there is a DTE-DCE

switch, this switch interchanges pin 2 & 3 on the DB-9 connector. Set the DTE-DCE switch so

that both LED’s are illuminated.

RS-232 Protocol (BAUD rate, Data bits, Parity)

Second is to get the communication protocol for each instrument to match. In Table 9-9-9 the

default RS-232 parameters are listed. The BAUD rate can be changed in the software menus

under SETUP-MORE-COMM-BAUD.

Data Communications Software for a PC

You will need to purchase a software package so your computer can transmit and receive on its

serial port. There are many such programs, we use PROCOMM at Teledyne API. Once you set

up the variables in PROCOMM and your wiring connections are correct, you will be able to

communicate with the analyzer.

If connecting to a modem, check the following:

Modems are especially difficult because they may have pins that need to be at certain levels

before the modem will transmit data. The most common requirement is the Ready to Send (RTS)

signal must be at logic high (+5V to +15V) before the modem will transmit. The Teledyne API

analyzer sets pin 8 (RTS) to 10 volts to enable modem transmission. Once the physical

connection has been correctly established, it is necessary to establish the correct software

settings in the modem. If the RS-232 bit field #64 in the VARS menu has been set, the M200A

will transmit a modem setup string when the instrument is powered up. The contents of the string

are set for a US Robotics Sportster modem. We strongly recommend using this model of modem

to avoid modem connection problems.

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To troubleshoot a modem connection first disconnect the RS-232 cable from the Analyzer and

verify (use a DVM) that you are getting a signal on Pin 2 of the RS232 port on the Analyzer. The

signal will be between -5V and -15V with respect to signal ground (pin 5). If not, there is a

problem with the CPU board or the cable. This is the transmit (TD) signal out of the Analyzer.

This should then be connected to TD input on the modem, normally Pin 2. You may need to

switch the DTE/DCE switch.

Second: Go to the cable connected to the modem/terminal and verify (use a DVM) that you are

getting a –5 V to –15 V signal on Pin 3 of the cable. This pin should be connected to Pin 3 of the

Teledyne API Analyzer.

Third: (for modems) heck that the voltage level on Pin 8 of the Analyzer is between +5V and

+15V. This pin should be connected (through the cable) to Pin 4 of the modem.

Now set the baud rate of the Analyzer to the speed required by the modem and it should work. If

you are still experiencing problems, a cable adapter may be needed. Please contact the factory

for assistance.

9.3.2.2 RS-232 Diagnostic

There are several features of the M200A to make connecting to RS-232 and diagnosing RS-232

faults easier.

There are two LED's on the rear panel Connector Board (01114) which are connected to pin 2

and 3 of the DB-9 connector on the board. If the switch is in the DCE position (default) the red

LED is connected to pin 3 of the DB-9 connector. When data is transmitted by the M200A the

red LED will flicker, indicating data present on this line. When the M200A is running, the LED

will normally be ON, indicating logic low. A one second burst of data can be transmitted over

the port by a command in the DIAGNOSTIC menu. Press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then scroll to

RS232 OUTPUT. Each time you press ENTR the instrument transmits a 1 sec burst of lower

case "w"'s.

The green LED is connected to pin 2, if the switch is in the default DCE position. This is the pin

on which the M200A receives data. The LED is ON if an outside device is connected. This LED

gets its power from the outside device. When data is being transmitted by the outside device to

the M200A this LED will flicker.

When you are attempting to configure the RS-232 port, if either of the LED's go out when the

cable is connected, that generally means that there is a grounding problem. Switching the DCE-

DTE switch should fix the problem. See the schematic and assembly drawings in the appendix.

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Table 9-9-9: RS-232 PIN Assignments

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9.3.3 Voltage/Frequency (V/F) Board

The V/F Board consists of 16 analog input channels, each software addressable, 8 digital inputs,

and 24 digital outputs, each line independently addressable, and 4 independent analog output

channels. The analog input channels are connected to V/F converter capable of 80,000 counts,

which is approximately 16 bit resolution. The integration period is software selectable from

40msec to 2.4 sec. Commands from the SBC40 computer and digitized values from the V/F

section of the board are sent via the STD bus interface. The schematic for the board is in the

Appendix 00514.

The overall operation of this board is quite complex. To fully check it out in all of its operational

modes is not possible in the field. Therefore, a few simple tests are described here that test one

analog input channel, the 4 analog output channels, one digital input, and one digital output.

1. V/F board analog input test.

Each analog channel is routed through a programmable 16 channel multiplexer. Chances are

that if one channel works, they all work.

A. Turn on instrument.

B. Press TEST key on front panel keyboard until DCPS test is displayed.

C. The value displayed should read 2500 ± 200 mV.

If the M200A passes this test, it has successfully digitized a 2500 mV composite voltage

output from the Power Supply Module. The signal should also be quiet ± 25 mV.

2. Analog output channel test.

In the DIAGNOSTIC menu on the front panel, there is a test that outputs a step voltage to the

4 analog outputs. This test is useful for calibrating chart recorders and dataloggers attached

to the M200A. The test can also be useful in diagnosing faults in the V/F board.

A. Turn on the instrument.

B. Enter the SETUP-MORE-DIAG-ENTR menu.

3. Select the ANALOG OUTPUT test. This causes the M200A to output a 5 step voltage

pattern to the 4 analog outputs on the rear panel. The status of the test is shown on the front

panel display. The scrolling can be stopped at any voltage by pressing the key below the

changing percentage display. The values are 0-20-40-60-80-100% of whatever voltage range

has been selected. For example the voltages would be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5V if the 5V range had

been selected.

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4. Use a DVM on each of the analog output channels to confirm the correct voltages.

If the voltages step, but are the wrong values, the V/F board may be out of calibration. See

Section 9.3.3 for information on how to calibrate the V/F board.

5. Digital input channel test.

The digital I/O section of the V/F board has 8 input bits and 24 output bits. Two of the 8

input bits are assigned as calibration controls. See Section 7.7 for information on calibration

using external contact closures.

To test the digital inputs:

A. Turn on the M200A.

B. Connect a jumper wire across pins 1 and 2 of the rear panel connector as shown in Table

2-2-2.

C. Shortly after closure is made the instrument should switch into zero mode as indicated on

the front panel display.

D. Remove the jumper.

6. Digital output channel test.

There are 24 output bits on the V/F board. The 24 bits are made up of 3 - 8 bit ports. It is

possible for a single 8 bit port or even a single bit within a port to fail.

A quick observational test of the digital outputs is to observe the LED's in the Power Supply

Module (Refer to Table 9-9-15 for the location of the LED's in the PSM) The state of the

LED's can be checked from Table 4-4-2. The comments section assumes the M200A has

been running for at least 45 minutes.

A more detailed test is in the DIAGNOSTIC menu. See Diagnostic tests in Section 9.1.3.

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9.3.3.1 ADC/DAC Calibration Procedure

Due to the stability of modern electronics, this procedure should only need to be performed if a

major sub-assembly is exchanged or when the display voltage does not match the input voltage

or current to the V/F card. After completion, a Factory Calibration Procedure should be

performed, see Section 9.1.6.

Before the actual calibration is performed, switches on the V/F card must be correctly set and

jumpers set on the mother board. Jumper and switch setting changes must be performed with

the instrument power OFF.

Motherboard Jumpers

The motherboard contains 4 pairs of jumpers JP1 - JP8, one pair for each analog output channel.

Each channel can be configured for either voltage or current output. Use the Table 9-9-10 to

configure the jumpers.

Table 9-9-10: Motherboard Jumper Settings

Analog output Terminal Pair

Rear panel Jumper

Pair Jumper Setting for

Voltage Mode Jumper Setting

for Current Mode

DAC 0 - NOx 3-4 JP3 - JP4 B-C A-B

DAC 1 - NO 5-6 JP1 - JP2 B-C A-B

DAC 2 - NO2 1-2 JP5 - JP6 B-C A-B

DAC 3 - TEST 7-8 JP7 - JP8 B-C A-B

V/F Board Switch Settings

There are 2 different types of current outputs, Non-Isolated (std equipment) and Isolated. Each

requires a different switch setting shown below. If you are operating the instrument in voltage

output mode, the switches should be set to the desired voltage range.

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Table 9-9-11: V/F Board Switch Settings

DAC # Sw 1 Sw 2 Sw 3 Sw 4 Sw 5 Sw 6 Sw 7

0 ON* OFF* OFF*

1 ON* OFF* OFF*

2 ON* OFF* OFF*

3 ON* OFF* OFF*

*Required settings

10 V output or non-isolated current loop

Switch State Comment

3 ON Use for non-isolated current loop or 10 V output

4 OFF Use for non-isolated current loop or 10 V output

5 OFF Use for non-isolated current loop or 10 V output

6 OFF Use for non-isolated current loop or 10 V output

5 V output or isolated current loop

Switch State Comment

3 OFF Use for isolated current loop or 5 V output

4 ON Use for isolated current loop or 5 V output

5 OFF Use for isolated current loop or 5 V output

6 OFF Use for isolated current loop or 5 V output

1 V output

Switch State Comment

3 OFF Use for 1 V output

4 OFF Use for 1 V output

5 ON Use for 1 V output

6 OFF Use for 1 V output

100 mV output

Switch State Comment

3 OFF Use for 100 mV output

4 OFF Use for 100 mV output

5 OFF Use for 100 mV output

6 ON Use for 100 mV output

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1. After the switches and jumpers are set, turn on instrument power and complete the

following:

A. Press SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then press ENTR. Scroll to D/A CALIBRATION, press

ENTR.

B. Press ADC to select the first task, which is to calibrate the A/D converter.

C. Connect a DVM ground lead to TP3-AGND on the V/F board. Connect the positive lead

to TP9-DAC0.

D. The M200A will display a voltage near 1% of the voltage range set in the above

procedure. See Table 9-9-12 for a table of approximate expected voltages. Adjust R27

until the displayed voltage matches the DVM voltage, then press ENTR.

E. The M200A will display a voltage near 90% of the voltage range set in the above

procedure. Adjust R31 until the displayed voltage matches the DVM voltage, then press

ENTR. This step calibrates the instrument A/D converter to the external DVM.

F. The M200A will automatically scroll through the DAC output channels, calibrating each

one. The display will update the progress of the calibration. If operating all analog outputs

in voltage mode this completes the calibration procedure.

The calibration of each channel can be checked or recalibrated independently by scrolling the

PREV-NEXT buttons and pressing CAL for the desired channel. Also a DC offset bias can be

entered by pressing the OFFSET button for the appropriate channel.

Calibrating a channel for current loop operation:

1. BEFORE STARTING, make sure that hardware settings are correct as shown in Table 9-9-6

and Table 9-9-10.

2. Calibrate the A/D converter as described in item 2 above, if necessary.

3. Connect a 250 ohm resistor in series with a current meter to the correct pair of terminals on

the rear panel, see Table 9-9-11 for terminal assignments.

4. In the D/A calibration Menu press CFG, then use PREV-NEXT to select the channel to be

calibrated.

5. Press the SET button to select CURR for current loop operation, then press ENTR.

6. To enter the calibration routine press CAL.

7. To calibrate the 4 mA zero point, press the UP-UP10 - DN-DN10, then press ENTR.

8. The M200A will then output 20 mA. Press the UP-UP10 - DN-DN10 buttons to calibrate the

span point, then press ENTR.

9. Repeat steps 2-6 for each channel that needs to be calibrated.

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Table 9-9-12: V/F Board Settings

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9.3.3.2 Changing Output Voltage Ranges

Several different output voltage ranges can be selected by switchs on the V/F board. See Table

9-9-12 for the switch settings.

9.3.4 Status/Temp Board

The Status/Temp Board is a multifunction board that:

1. Converts the resistance readings of the thermistors to voltages

2. Conditions the thermocouple voltage for the V/F card

3. Provides status output circuitry

4. Provides circuitry for contact closure inputs

5. Provides circuitry for display brown-out/reset at low line voltage

6. Provides chip carriers for voltage-to-current modules

9.3.4.1 Temperature Amplifier Section

The Status/Temp board (01086) is a multifunction board consisting of 4 thermistor amplifiers

that monitor:

1. IZS temperature

2. Reaction Cell temperature

3. Box temperature

4. Spare

All 4 amplifiers have a single gain control - R34. If necessary, you can adjust the temperature

values by selecting the BOX TEMP - TEST function and adjusting R34 until the correct box

temp is shown. Remember that the temperature inside the case runs several degrees higher than

room temperature, which should be taken into account when setting BOX TEMP.

The voltages of the thermistor and thermocouple amplifier outputs are brought out to test points

on the edge of the board. Refer to the schematic 01086 for details. The voltages can also be read

using the DIAGNOSTIC - SIGNAL I/O feature. See Table 9-9-4 for details.

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In addition there is a thermocouple amplifier for the Moly converter.

Thermistor Temperature Amplifier Adjustments

If the temperature readouts are in error:

1. Locate the Box temp thermistor on the board and place a calibrated thermometer near the

thermistor.

2. Select the BOX TEMP - TEST function on the front panel.

3. Adjust R34 until the front panel readout matches the thermometer readout. This will

cause all of the readouts to accurately measure their respective temperatures.

Molybdenum Converter Thermocouple Amplifier Adjustments

The molybdenum converter temperature is sensed by a thermocouple. The cold junction

compensation and signal conditioning is done on the Temp/Status board.

The buffer amplifier from the thermocouple amplifier to the CPU for the Moly temperature has a

gain adjustment. The voltage times 100 at pins 8-9 of U1 is the Moly temperature in degrees C.

For example 3.15 VDC at pin 9 of U1 is 315o C. The CPU is programmed to always drive the

temp to 315 C, so the voltage at U1 must be used as the absolute reference as to the correct

temperature. The temperature will vary ± 3 degrees due to the operation of the temperature

control loop in the CPU.

The temperature can be adjusted by the R6 pot on the Status/Temp board. To adjust the

molybdenum converter temperature:

1. Select the CONV TEMP - TEST function on the front panel.

2. Wait until the converter is up to temperature, usually 30-45 min after a cold start.

3. Adjust R6 until the voltage at pin 8-9 of U1 is 3.15 VDC. The CONV TEMP - TEST

function will then read 315 C.

4. Recheck the temperature 15 min later and re-adjust if necessary.

9.3.4.2 Display Brownout

During low AC line conditions the display can lock up due to insufficient voltage. When low

line conditions are approaching, this circuit senses the condition by monitoring the un-regulated

+5 VDC in the Power Supply Module. If brownout conditions are met, the DISP_BROWNOUT

line is asserted and the CPU sends a hardware RESET command to the display and sends a

BRNOUT RESET pulse back to U4. Brownout conditions will be noticed by the display flashing

every 8 seconds.

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9.3.4.3 Status Output Lines, External Contact Closures

The Status lines consist of 2 active input lines, and 12 active output lines. Additional circuits are

present on the board but currently unused. Individual lines are set or cleared under CPU control

depending on the assigned alarm condition. The CPU also monitors the 2 input lines for remote

calibration commands. The status inputs and outputs are terminated at the rear panel, see the

Connector Board schematic in the Appendix.

The output lines are opto-coupled NPN transistors which can sink 50 ma max of current with a

voltage of 30 VDC max.

The input lines are optically coupled with inputs pulled up to +5 VDC. External contacts can be

contact closures or open collector transistor contacts. DO NOT apply any voltage, since +5 VDC

is supplied internally.

Individual status lines can be set or cleared using the DIAGNOSTIC mode SIGNAL I/O. This

can be useful for simulating fault conditions in the analyzer to see if external circuitry is working

correctly. See Table 5-5-10 for pin assignments.

9.3.4.4 4-20 mA Current Output

4-20 mA current loop option replaces the voltage output of the instrument with an isolated 4-20

mA current output. The current outputs come out on the same terminals that were used for

voltage outputs, see Table 2-2-2. It is programmable for 4-20mA or 0-20mA and has a 1500 V

common mode voltage isolation and 240 V RMS normal mode voltage protection.

Vloop = 28V max which is sufficient to drive up to a 1000 ohm load.

9.3.5 Power Supply Module

The Power Supply Module consists of several subassemblies described in Table 9-9-13.

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Table 9-9-13: Power Supply Module Subassemblies

Module Description

Linear Power Supply

Board

The linear power supply board takes multiple voltage inputs from the

power transformer and produces +5, +15, -15, +12 VDC outputs. The

outputs are routed to two external connectors, P2 and P3. See Table 9-

9-14. The +5 is used for operating the CPU. The ± 15 is used in

several locations for running op-amps and IC's. The +12 is used for

operating fans and valves.

Switching Power Supply The switching power supply supplies +15 VDC at 4 A to the PMT

cooler control on the Sensor Module. The output is made available

through J10 on the Switch Board. There is a load resistor on the

Switch Board to keep the output stable when little current is required

from the supply.

Switch Board The Switch Board has many different functions. It takes logic signals

from the V/F board and uses them to switch 4-115 VAC and

4-12 VDC loads. The board also contains the instrument central

grounding tie point. It routes unswitched AC and DC power as needed.

Connector J2 programs the power transformers to take 115, 220, and

240 VAC inputs.

Power Transformers There are potentially 2 input power transformers in the instrument. The

multitap transformer T1 is in every M200A and supplies input power

for the Linear Power Supply board described above. A second

transformer T2 is added if 220 or 240 VAC input is required. Input

power selection is done via a programming connector P2 which

provides the proper connections for either foreign or domestic power.

Circuit Breaker/Power

Switch

The front panel contains a combination circuit breaker - input power

switch. It is connected to the PSM through J6 on the Switch Board. If

an overload is detected the switch goes to the OFF position. Switching

the power back on resets the breaker also.

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Table 9-9-14: Power Supply Module Layout

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Table 9-9-15: Electrical Block Diagram

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PSM Diagnostic Procedures

The Linear Power Supply board can be tested by checking the DCPS - TEST function on the

front panel. It should read 2500 mV ± 200 mV. If the value is outside this range, individual

output voltages can be tested on connector P3, see Schematic in the Appendix for pinouts.

The Switching Power Supply output can be tested by observing the temperature of the PMT cold

block using the PMT TEMP - TEST function. The temperature should be constant 7± 2 C. The

output voltage can be observed on J10 of the Switch Board. It should be 15 VDC ± 0.5.

The Switch Board can be tested by observing the diagnostic LEDS along the top edge of the

board. The following Table 9-9-16 describes the typical operation of each LED.

Table 9-9-16: Power Supply Module LED Operation

No. Function Description

1. NO/NOx Valve Should switch about every 5 sec.

On(click sound) = NOx mode

Off(thud sound) = NO mode

2. Zero/Span Valve Should switch ON when CALZ or CALS button is

pressed.

3. Sample/Cal Valve Should switch ON when CALS button is pressed.

4. AutoZero Valve ON when M200A in AutoZero mode. Happens once

every 6 NO/NOx cycles or about once per minute.

5. Ozone Generator Power The ozone generator will be on if it has been more than 30

min since power up.

6. Sample flow control block

heater

Should cycle ON-OFF every 20 sec to 2 min. On

continuously until up to temp.

7. Converter Heater Should cycle ON-OFF every 20 sec to 2 min. On

continuously until up to temp.

8. Reaction Cell Heater Should cycle ON-OFF every 20 sec to 2 min. On

continuously until up to temp.

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9.3.6 Ozone Generator

CAUTION - DANGER

Lethal voltages present inside Ozone Generator - DO NOT

defeat electrical interlock. Turn off instrument before

servicing. Unplug Generator before disassembling.

The ozone generator subsystem consists of a permeation drier, flowmeter, power supply -

generator module, and power switch. The location of the components is illustrated in Table 9-

9-18. Ozone is generated by drying ambient air, passing the air between two electrodes that have

a large oscillating electric field generated by a high voltage transformer.

Common faults in the ozone generator are:

1. A leak or some other failure in the drier will let ambient air into the generator. There is

enough water vapor in room air to cause the generator to make nitric acid aerosol. It is very

corrosive and causes the generator cartridge to short out due to salt build-up. This reduces

the ozone concentration generated which can cause the analyzer to be non-linear due to

insufficient ozone concentration.

2. Blown fuse. The Ozone generator fuse is located on the upper end of the generator case.

3. Contaminated ozone generator cartridge. Dis-assemble and clean. Salts and oxgenated

hydrocarbons can be removed by rinsing with 10% nitric acid at 50 C.

4. Shorts, open circuits, arcing inside the case. Because of the very high voltages, metallic

components inside the ozone generator case can malfunction.

A. Disconnect power.

B. Remove ozone generator cover and inspect the wiring for evidence of arcing and open

circuits. Typically arcing due to high voltage has a dusty - burnt look. Look for these

areas inside the case and on the wiring that comes near the case.

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Table 9-9-17: Ozone Generator Control Conditions

Condition Description Ozone

Generator

1 Manual override off (SETUP-MORE-DIAG-OZONE GEN). OFF

2 Manual override on. ON

3 Ozone flow below low warning limit for 5 minutes (OFLOW_SET

setup variable).

OFF

4 Instrument powered on for more than 30 minutes. ON

5 Instrument powered off for less than 1 hour and ozone generator was

on when instrument was powered off.

6 Ozone flow above low warning limit for 0.5 minutes and condition 4

or 5 is true.

NOTE

The ozone generator is independently controlled in the SIGNAL I/O, OPTIC

TEST, and ELECTRICAL TEST diagnostics. After exiting these diagnostics,

the ozone generator is restored to the state specified by the above conditions.

9.3.6.1 PermaPure Drier

The PermaPure drier is constructed of 2 concentric tubes. The inner tube is a special material

that has an affinity for water vapor. The outer annulus is evacuated by the instrument pump. This

creates a concentration gradient causing water in ambient air to diffuse into the outer annulus,

thus the air in the inner tube becomes progressively drier as it progresses down the tube.

Due to the large number of connections and fittings on the drier, the most common drier fault is

leaks. Before proceding with any other procedures check the drier for leaks.

Occasionally the drier gets contaminated. The manufacturer of the drier recommends replacing

the drier rather than trying to clean it. If cleaning is chosen, the following options are available:

1. Dirt - Clean any solids from dryer inlet by brushing. Use clean dry air to blow any loose

particles from the inlet. Deionized water or dilute (5-10% conc HCl in deionized water)

hydrochloric acid can be passed through the dryer. This should be done only with the dryer

and HCl at room temperature.

2. Organic liquids and freons - Rinse the inner and outer tubes using 1,1,1 trichlorethane.

Follow the solvent with dry air to purge the solvent.

3. Inorganic salts and oxgenated hydrocarbons can be removed by rinsing with 10% nitric

acid at 50 C.

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Table 9-9-18: Ozone Generator Subsystem

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9.3.7 Flow/Pressure Sensor

The flow/pressure sensor board consists of 2 pressure sensors and a flow sensor. See Table 9-

9-19 for a diagram of this board. From these three sensors four values are computed and

displayed on the front panel TEST funcions. They are:

1. Ozone flow - measured directly - S3, R3

2. Reaction Cell Pressure - measured directly - S2, R2

3. Sample gas pressure - measured directly S1, R1

4. Sample Flow - computed from sample pressure and reaction cell pressure S1, S2

The above pressures and flows are filtered to produce the front panel readings. There is a small

delay after adjustment for a steady reading when observing the TEST functions.

To adjust the OZONE flow:

1. Go to DIAG mode by pressing SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then select SIGNAL I/O, and

press ENTR. Select OZONE_FLOW by using NEXT-PREV keys.

2. Adjust R3 so that OZONE_FLOW reads 2000 mV. This is the coarse adjustment.

3. Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE mode. Select the OZONE FL - TEST function. Use

a calibrated flow meter to make small adjustments in R3 to dial in correct flow.

To adjust the SAMPLE PRESSURE:

1. Go to DIAG mode by pressing SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then select SIGNAL I/O, and

press ENTR. Select SAMPLE_PRESS by using NEXT-PREV keys.

2. Adjust R1 to read 4100 mV, which will give approximately the correct pressure.

3. Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE mode. Select SAMP - TEST function. Use a

calibrated absolute pressure meter to make small adjustments to R1 until the correct absolute

pressure is displayed. 29.92 in-Hg-A is the target value at sea level. The rate of decrease is

about 1"-Hg per 1000 ft of altitude.

To adjust the REACTION CELL PRESSURE:

1. Go to DIAG mode by pressing SETUP-MORE-DIAG, then select SIGNAL I/O, and

press ENTR. Select RCELL_PRESS by using the NEXT-PREV keys.

2. Adjust R2 to read 1450 mV, which will give approximately the correct pressure.

3. Press EXIT to return to the SAMPLE mode. Select RCEL - TEST function. Use a

calibrated absolute pressure meter to make small adjustments to R2 until the correct absolute

pressure is displayed. The target value is about 5 in-Hg-A for the external Thomas pump in

good condition at sea level.

To adjust the SAMPLE FLOW:

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1. In SAMPLE mode, scroll the TEST functions to SAMP FLW. Observe the reading. Then

subtract the observed reading from the desired reading.

2. Go to the VARS menu by SETUP-MORE-VARS, then pressing ENTR. Scroll to

SFLOW_SET and press EDIT. The first value displayed is the SFLOW_SET:VALUE

reading, ADD the value from step 1 to the reading shown and key in the new reading, then

press ENTR. Check the low and high warning limits which are displayed as the next 2 values

to make sure the new value does not exceed the warning limits. Press exit to return to

SAMPLE mode.

3. Observe the SAMP FLW value. If necessary repeat step 2 to adjust the reading again to

match the desired flow rate.

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Table 9-9-19: Flow/Pressure Sensor

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Table 9-9-20: NOx Sensor Module

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Table 9-9-21: NOx Sensor Module

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9.3.8 NOx Sensor Module

Table 9-9-20 and Table 9-9-21 show the assembly of the NOx sensor module.

9.3.8.1 PMT

The PMT detects the light emitted by the reaction of NO with ozone. It has a gain of about

500,000 to 1,000,000. It is not possible to test the detector outside of the instrument in the field.

The best way to determine if the PMT is working is by using Optic Test. OT operation is

described in Section 9.1.3.3.

The basic method to diagnose a PMT fault is to eliminate the other components using ET, OT

and specific tests for other sub-assemblies.

9.3.8.2 Reaction Cell Temp

The reaction cell temperature is controlled by the CPU. It operates by reading a thermistor

amplifier on the 01086 Status/Temp board. The CPU controls the temperature by toggling a bit

on the V/F board. The V/F board TTL logic controls a solid state switch on the Switch Board in

the PSM. The switched 115VAC comes out of the PSM to a connector near the underside of the

reaction cell. A warning message may be present during initial warm-up or if the connector is

not plugged in after cleaning the reaction cell.

9.3.8.3 Preamp Board

The NOx Preamp Board is a multifunction board providing circuitry to support the following

functions.

1. Preamp, buffer amplifier, physical range control hardware for the PMT detector.

2. Precision voltage reference and voltage generation, and control for the PMT - HVPS

inside the sensor module.

3. Constant current generator and adjustment for the Optic Test LED.

4. Voltage generation and adjustment for Electric Test.

5. Thermistor amplifier, control signal generation for the PMT cooler.

The setup and adjustment of items 1-4 above is covered in the Factory Calibration procedure in

Section 9.1.6. Item 5 has no adjustable features.

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Table 9-9-22: PMT Cooler Subsystem

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9.3.8.4 PMT Cooler

The PMT cooler uses a Peltier cooler supplied with DC current from the switching power supply

in the Power Supply Module. An overall view is shown in Table 9-9-20. The temperature is

controlled by a proportional temperature controller located on the Preamp board. Voltages

applied to the cooler element vary from 0.1 to 12 VDC. The input voltage from the supply is

15 VDC. The actual 7 C setpoint will vary ± 1 C due to component tolerances. The

temperature will be maintained within 0.1 C about the setpoint. The maximum temperature the

control circuit is able to report is 15 C. The M200A reports this temperature when the unit

initially powered on. If the temperature fails to drop after 30 minutes, there is a problem in the

cooler circuit. If the control circuit on the Preamp card is faulty a temperature of -1 C is

reported.

9.3.8.5 High Voltage P.S.

The HVPS is located in the interior of the Sensor Module, and is plugged into the PMT tube. It

requires 2 voltage inputs. The first is +15 which powers the supply. The second is the

programming voltage which is generated on the Preamp Board. This power supply is unlike a

traditional PMT HVPS. It is like having 10 independent power supplies, one to each pin of the

PMT. The test procedure below allows you to test each supply.

Adjustment of the HVPS is covered in the Factory Calibration Procedure in Section 9.1.6. To

troubleshoot the HVPS:

1. Turn off the instrument.

2. Remove the cover and disconnect the 2 connectors at the front of the NOx Sensor

Module.

3. Remove the end cap from the sensor.

4. Remove the HVPS/PMT assembly from the cold block inside the sensor. Un-plug the

PMT tube.

5. Re-connect the 7 pin connector to the Sensor end cap, and power-up the instrument.

6. Use Table 9-9-23 to check the voltages at each pin of the supply, and the overall voltage.

7. Turn off the instrument power, and re-connect the PMT tube, then re-assemble the

sensor.

If any faults are found in the test, you must obtain a new HVPS as there are no user servicable

parts inside the supply.

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Table 9-9-23: High Voltage Power Supply

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9.3.9 Z/S Valves & IZS Permeation Tube Oven

The Z/S Valves and IZS are both options in the instrument. Before troubleshooting this sub-

assembly, check that the options were ordered, and that they are enabled in the software.

Sections 7.2, 7.3 show how the Z/S valve and IZS options should be set-up, and how to use them

with the AutoCal and Dynamic Cal features.

Check for the Z/S valves:

1. Check for the physical presence of the valves. See Table 2-2-5 for the Z/S Valve

location.

2. Check front panel for option presence. The front panel display when the instrument is in

SAMPLE mode should display CALS and CALZ buttons on the second line of the display.

The presence of the buttons indicates that the option has been enabled in software.

Troubleshooting the Z/S valves:

1. It is possible to manually toggle each of the valves using the SIGNAL I/O selection of

DIAGNOSTIC mode. Refer to Section 9.1.3 for information on using the DIAG mode. Also

refer to Table 8-8-6, Table 8-8-7, Table 8-8-8 for a pneumatic diagram of the system.

Check for the IZS option:

1. Check for the physical presence of the IZS oven. See Table 2-2-5 for the Z/S Valve

location.

2. Check front panel TEST functions for presence of IZS temperature. If IZS temperature is

displayed, the IZS oven temperature control algorithm and temperature display has been

enabled in the software.

Accuracy and Repeatability of NO2 permeation tube.

The PTFE membrane of the permeation tube is affected by humidity. If the instrument is

installed in an air conditioned shelter, the air is usually dry enough to produce good results. If the

instrument is installed in a non-climate controlled site that has high humidity, variations in the

perm tube output will occur. For these sites, if high accuracy is required an additional source of

dry (dewpoint of -20 C or less) air, such as the M701 zero air module, should be attached to the

zero air scrubber inlet.

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Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

9.3.10 Pneumatic System

The pneumatic system is diagramed in Table 8-8-6, Table 8-8-7, Table 8-8-8, depending on

which options the instrument was ordered with.

9.3.10.1 Leak Check

CAUTION

When doing a leak check do not pressurize

the M200A to greater than 15psi.

Damage to internal components will

occur at higher pressures.

The basic cause of many performance problems is a leak. Refer to Section 8.9 for the leak check

procedure.

9.3.10.2 Pump

The external sample pump is capable of maintaining the cell pressure at 5"Hg-A. If higher

pressures are noted, the pump may need servicing. Check the pump/ozone scrubber for leaks or

rebuild pump.

The internal sample pump pressures tend to run slightly higher than the external pump due to its

smaller size. As in the case above, if higher pressures are noted the pump may need servicing. In

the internal pump configuration, the ozone scrubber is integrated into the molybdenum

converter.

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Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

10-1

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10 M200A SPARE PARTS LIST

Table 10-1: Teledyne API M200A Spare Parts List

Part No. Description

020420000 TELEDYNE API MODEL 200A SPARE PARTS LIST

Includes:

000940100 CD, ORIFICE, .003 GREEN

000940400 CD, ORIFICE, .004 BLUE

000940600 CD, ORIFICE, .010 BROWN

001450000 CAP, 03

001480300 ASSY, DISCHARGE TUBE, GLASS BEAD HI-PRES

002160000 ASSY, SCRUBBER, M200A/AH/M100AH, PUMPACK

002270100 AKIT, GASKETS, WINDOW, (12)

002730000 CD, FILTER, 665NM (KB)

002760200 ASSY, CPU, 128K PROM, M200A (XINU) CE *

002761000 ASSY, CPU, 512K PROM, M200A (AMX) CE *

003690000 AKIT, TFE FILTER, 37MM, 5UM (100) FL2

003690100 AKIT, TFE FILTER, (FL2) 37MM, 5UM (25)

003690200 AKIT, TFE FILTER, 37MM, 1UM (100)

003690300 AKIT, TFE FILTER, 37MM, 1UM (25)

004020200 PCA, SENSOR BD. NOX, w/FM4 & SW8

004330000 ZERO AIR SCRUBBER (NO/NO2)

005140300 PCA, V/F CARD, W/ SCHEMATIC (B/F)

005960000 AKIT, EXPEND, 6LBS ACT CHARCOAL

005970000 AKIT, EXPENDABLE, 6LB PURAFIL

006900000 RETAINER PAD CHARCOAL, SMALL, 1-3/4"

007040000 PCA, KEYBD DISPLAY, A SERIES *

007280000 ASSY, DISPLAY (DS25) FOR "A" SERIES

009690000 AKIT, TFE FLTR ELEM, 47MM, (FL6) (100)

009690100 AKIT, TFE FLTR, 47MM, (FL6) (30)

009690200 AKIT, TFE FLTR (FL19) ELEM, 47MM, (100)

009690300 AKIT, TFE FLTR ELEMENT, 47MM, 1UM (30)

010860000 PCA, STATUS/TEMP M200A,M101A W/TC

011310000 ASSY, DRYER, NOX

011320000 ASSY, MOLY CONV W/O3 KILLER, M200A *

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

10-2

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Part No. Description

011340000 ASSY, SENSOR, M200A (KB)

011410000 ASSY, PREAMP, M200A (OBS) *

011420000 ASSY, NOX CELL, M200A

011830000 RECHARGE KIT, MOLY CHIPS (2.62OZ)

011880000 WINDOW, SAM FLTR, 37MM, 200A

011900000 ASSY, SAMPLE FLTR, 37MM, SS 1/8, 5UM

011930000 CD, PMT (R928), NOX, M200A, M200E(KB)

011980000 ASSY, THERMOCOUPLE W/ CONN, TYPE J

012360000 ASSY, FAN, "A" PSM

013140000 ASSY, COOLER FAN (NOX/SOX)

013570000 THERMISTOR HOUSING ASSY,E SOX/NOX(KB)

013600000 MANUAL, OPERATORS, M200A

014010000 ASSY, MOLY SPARE, M200A (OBS) *

014020000 AKIT, EXP KIT, M200A

014020200 AKIT, EXP KIT, 47MM/1UM FLTR, M200A

014020300 AKIT, EXP KIT w/CH1 37MM/1UM FLTR, M200A

014020400 AKIT, EXP KIT w/CH1 47MM/1UM FLTR, M200A

014030000 AKIT, M200A/E EXPENDABLES, IZS

014040000 AKIT, LEVEL 1 SP, M200A

014040100 AKIT, LEVEL 1 SP, (1 UNIT), M200A

014060000 ASSY, NOX PROM W/SOFTWARE, M200A (XINU)

014080100 ASSY, HVPS, SOX/NOX

014610000 KIT, REPLACMENT COOLER ASSY, M100X/200X

016810200 ASSY, O3 GEN, M200A, LOW OUTPUT (WO)

017230000 ASSY, DESICCANT CANISTER

018080000 AKIT, DESSICANT BAGGIES, (12)

018720000 ASSY, MOLYCON, w/O3 DESTRUCT, M200A

018740000 ASSY, MOLY W/O3 KILL, M200A, (OBS)

019300000 PCA, KEYBOARD DISPLAY (CE) OPTIONS

021070000 PCA, PREAMP, M200A, M200AH

021890100 ASSY, MOLY CONV, LONG TC, M100A/M200A

022220000 PCA, PWR SUPPLY SWITCH BD, CE (SUBASSY)

022300000 PCA, DC POWER SUPPLY, CE, (SUBASSY)

030320000 ASSY, MOLY CARTRIDGE, WELDED, W/LONG TC

046550100 ASSY, MOLY CART,GRAVEL, LONG TC, TYPE J

051220000 SCRUBBER, W/FTGS O3, M200A *

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

10-3

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Part No. Description

052930100 ASSY, BAND HEATER TYPE J, M101A/M200A

059940000 OPTION, SAMPLE GAS CONDITIONER, M200A/E

CB0000001 FUSE, 3AG 1A

CP0000005 E2PROM, 8K x 8 BIT

DR0000002 DESSICANT *

FL0000001 FILTER, SS

FL0000003 FILTER, DFU (KB)

FM0000004 FLOWMETER (KB)

HE0000017 HTR, 12W/120V (50W/240V), CE AP (KB)

HE0000019 HEATER, 65W, 120V, 6" LEADS CE APPROVED

HW0000020 SPRING

HW0000030 ISOLATOR, M100/M200 A/E/H/U

HW0000031 FERRULE, SHOCKMOUNT

HW0000036 TFE TAPE, 1/4" (48 FT/ROLL)

HW0000037 TIE, CABLE 6"

HW0000099 STANDOFF, #6-32X.5, HEX SS

HW0000150 CLAMP, HOSE, NYLON, 1/4" K62 "AA"

KIT000002 RETROFIT, O3 GEN BRICK, M200A

KIT000011 RETROFIT, PREAMP/TEC CNTRL, M200A

KIT000019 REPLACEMENT COOLER ASSY, M100A/M200A

KIT000021 REPLACEMENT PWR SW BD, ‘A’, M100A/200A

KIT000028 REPLACEMENT, 37MM SAMPLE FILTER TFE RING

KIT000029 REPLACEMENT, 47MM SAMPLE FILTER TFE RING

KIT000036 RETROFIT, O3 KILLER, M200A/M201A

KIT000041 REPLACEMENT, MOLY VALVES

KIT000042 RETROFIT, Z/S VALVES, M200A

KIT000051 AKIT, REBUILD, RX CELL AMBIENT, M200A/2

KIT000052 REBUILD, RX CELL HI CONC, M200/A/251/252

KIT000055 RETROFIT, IZS, M200A (WITH VALVES) (KB)

KIT000056 RETROFIT IZS, M200A (W/O VALVES) (OBS)

KIT000067 AKIT, REBUILD KIT, RX CELL M200AH

KIT000103 REPLACEMENT, MOLY GUTS, LONG, TYPE J

KIT000110 REPLACEMENT, WELDED MOLY, M200A

KIT000122 ASSY, CPU, 128K PROM, W/PROGRAM (XINU)

KIT000124 ASSY, CPU, 512K PROM, PROGRAMED (AMX)

KIT000129 REPLACEMENT, MOLY CONV WELDED CARTRIDGE

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

10-4

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Part No. Description

OR0000001 ORING, 2-006VT *

OR0000002 ORING, 2-023V

OR0000010 ORING, 2-201S

OR0000012 ORING, 2-111V

OR0000014 ORING, 2-116V

OR0000021 ORING, 2-132V

OR0000025 ORING, 2-133V

OR0000034 ORING, 2-011V FT10

OR0000042 ORING, 2-148

OR0000044 ORING, 2-125V

OR0000045 ORING, 2-226V

PU0000005 PUMP, THOMAS 607, 115V/60HZ (KB)

PU0000006 PUMP, THOMAS 607, 220V/50HZ (KB)

PU0000011 REBUILD KIT, THOMAS 607(KB)

RL0000003 RELAY,SS,PVD1352

RL0000008 SS RELAY, +60V PK, 1.4A (KB)

RL0000014 RELAY, 3 AMP OPTO

RL0000015 RELAY, DPDT, (KB)

SW0000001 SWITCH, INTERLOCK

SW0000006 SWITCH, THERMAL, 60 C

SW0000008 PRESSURE TRANSDUCER (KB)

TN0000003 TRANSFORMER, 120V/60HZ OBS RPL W/ BRICK

VA0000007 VALVE, 3-WAY SS, 12VDC (KB)

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

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Table 10-2: Teledyne API MODEL 200A 37 mm Filter Expendables Kit

Part No. Description

014020000 M200A 37 MM FILTER EXPENDABLES KIT

Includes: Qty

002270100 AKIT, GASKET (RX CELL) QTY. 12 1

003690100 AKIT, TFE FILTER ELEMENT, (FL2) 37MM, 5UM, QTY. 25 2

FL0000001 FILTER, SS (002-024900) 2

FL0000003 FILTER, DFU (036-040180) 1

HW0000020 SPRING, FLOW CONTROL 2

OR0000001 O-RING, FLOW CONTROL 4

Table 10-3: Teledyne API MODEL 200A 47 mm FiIter Expendables Kit

Part No. Description

014020200 M200A 47 MM FILTER EXPENDABLES KIT

Includes: Qty

002270100 AKIT, GASKET (RX CELL) QTY. 12 1

009690100 AKIT, TFE FILTER ELEMENT, 47MM, 1UM, QTY. 30 1

FL0000001 FILTER, SS (002-024900) 4

FL0000003 FILTER, DFU (036-040180) 1

HW0000020 SPRING, FLOW CONTROL 4

OR0000001 O-R ING, 2-006VT 8

OR0000034 O-RING, 2-011V FT10 2

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

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Table 10-4: Teledyne API MODEL 200A Expendables Kit - IZS

Part No. Description

014030000 M200A Expendables Kit - IZS

Includes: Qty

005960000 AKIT, Expendable, 6 LBS, ACT Charcoal 1

005970000 AKIT, Expendable, 6 LBS, Purafil 1

FL0000001 Filter, SS (002-024900) 2

FL0000003 Filter, DFU (036-040180) 1

HW0000020 Spring 2

OR0000001 O-Ring, Flow Control, 2-006VT 4

Table 10-5: Teledyne API MODEL 200A Level 1 Spares Kit

Part No. Description

014040000 M200A LEVEL 1 SPARES KIT

Includes: Qty

00402020A FLOW/PRESSURE SENSOR BOARD 1

01131000A DRIER ASSEMBLY COMPLETE WITH FLOW CONTROL 1

011930000 CD, PMT (R928), NOX 1

01408010A ASSEMBLY, HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY 1

014610000 KIT, REPLACEMENT COOLER ASSEMBLY 1

016810400 ASSY, O3 GEN, HI OUTPUT 1

021890100 ASSY, WELDED MOLY CONV. W/O VAL, LONG TC 1

HE0000017 HEATER, REACTION CELL, 12W 1

HW0000150 CLAMP, HOSE, NYLON, 1/4” 2

PU0000011 607 PUMP REBUILD KIT 1

RL0000008 SOLID STATE RELAY, 12 VDC 1

RL0000015 RELAY, DPDT, (KB) 1

VA0000007 SOLENOID VALVE, STAINLESS STEEL, 12V 1

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

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Table 10-6: Teledyne API MODEL 200A Spares Kit for 1 Unit

Part No. Description

014040100 M200A SPARES KIT FOR 1 UNIT

Includes: Qty

01236000A FAN ASSY, POWER SUPPLY MODULE, “A” 1

01314000A FAN, PMT COOLER 1

CB0000001 FUSE O3AG, 1A 1

HE0000017 HEATER, REACTION CELL, 12W/120V (50W/240V), CE AP (KB) 1

PS0000010 POWER SUPPLY, 15V SWITCHING 1

RL0000015 RELAY, DPDT (KB) 1

Table 10-7: Teledyne API MODEL 200A 37 mm FiIter Expendables Kit with CH1

Part No. Description

014020300 AKIT, EXP KIT w/CH1 37MM/1UM FLTR, M200A

Includes: Qty

002270100 AKIT, GASKETS, WINDOW, (12) 1

003690300 AKIT, TFE FILTER, 37MM, 1UM (25) 2

005960000 AKIT, EXPEND, 6LBS ACT CHARCOAL 1

FL0000001 FILTER, SS 2

FL0000003 FILTER, DFU (KB) 1

HW0000020 SPRING 2

OR0000001 ORING, 2-006VT * 4

OR0000002 ORING, 2-023V 2

OR0000034 ORING, 2-011V FT10 2

Table 10-8: Teledyne API MODEL 200A 47 mm FiIter Expendables Kit with CH1

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

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Part No. Description

014020400 AKIT, EXP KIT w/CH1 47MM/1UM FLTR, M200A

Includes: Qty

002270100 AKIT, GASKETS, WINDOW, (12) 1

005960000 AKIT, EXPEND, 6LBS ACT CHARCOAL 1

009690300 AKIT, TFE FLTR ELEMENT, 47MM, 1UM (30) 1

FL0000001 FILTER, SS 4

FL0000003 FILTER, DFU (KB) 1

HW0000020 SPRING 4

OR0000001 ORING, 2-006VT * 8

OR0000034 ORING, 2-011V FT10 2

Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

APPENDIX A ELECTRICAL SCHEMATICS

Table A-1: Electrical Schematics

Part No. Name

00402 Sensor Board Assembly

00403 Sensor Board Schematic

00514 V/F Board Assembly

00515 V/F Board Schematic

00704 Keyboard Assembly

00705 Keyboard Schematic

0108600 Status/Temp Assembly

01087 Status/Temp Schematic

01109 Motherboard Assembly

01110 Motherboard Schematic

01114 Connector Board Assembly

01115 Connector Board Schematic

0113912 PSM Overall schematic - CE Mark

01206 Switch Board Assembly

01207 Switch Board Schematic

01464 DC Power Supply Assembly

01465 DC Power Supply Schematic

01471 4-20 mA Output Option

0166803 Ozone Generator Power Supply Assembly

01669 Ozone Generator Power Supply Schematic

01839 Thermoelectric Cooler Control Assembly

01840 Thermoelectric Cooler Control Schematic

01916 Connector Board Schematic - CE MARK

01917 Connector Board Assembly - CE MARK

01930 Keyboard Assembly - CE MARK

01931 Keyboard Schematic - CE MARK

(table continued)

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Teledyne API Model 200A NOX Analyzer Instruction Manual, 02246, Rev. G, DCN 5247

A-2

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Table A-1: Electrical Schematics (Continued)

Part No. Name

02034 A-Series Valve Driver Assembly

02035 A-Series Valve Driver Schematic

02037 ISBX I/O Port Assembly

02038 ISBX I/O Port Schematic

02107 Preamp Board Assembly

02108 Preamp Board Schematic

02222 Switch Board Assembly - CE MARK

02223 Switch Board Schematic - CE MARK

02230 DC Power Supply Assembly - CE MARK

02231 DC Power Supply Schematic - CE MARK

03172 M200A Interconnect Diagram

03173 M200AH Interconnect Diagram

03174 M200AU Interconnect Diagram

03175 M201A Interconnect Diagram

Teledyne 200A Users Manual INSTRUCTION MANUAL, NITROGEN OXIDE ANALYZER

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