Trimble Outdoors R7 Users Manual R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide

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2015-02-03

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FVersion 2.10 (R7), 2.11 (R8)
Revision A
June 2004
Trimble® R7/R8 GPS Receiver
User Guide
Corporate Office
Trimble Navigation Limited
Engineering and Construction Division
5475 Kellenburger Road
Dayton, Ohio 45424-1099
U.S.A.
Copyright and Trademarks
© 2001-2004, Trimble Navigation Limited. All
rights reserved.
Trimble, the Globe & Triangle logo, and GPS
Total Station are trademarks of Trimble
Navigation Limited, registered in the United
States Patent and Trademark Office and other
countries. eRTK, Micro-Centred, SiteNet, Trimble
Geomatics Office, Trimble Survey Controller,
Trimble Survey Pro, TRIMMARK, TRIMTALK,
TSC1, TSCe, and Zephyr are trademarks of
Trimble Navigation Limited.
The Bluetooth word mark and logos are owned by
the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks
by Trimble Navigation Limited is under license
Microsoft and Windows are either registered
trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation in the United States and/or other
countries.
All other trademarks are the property of their
respective owners.
Release Notice
This is the June 2004 release (Revision A) of the
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide. It
applies to version 2.10 (R7) and 2.11 (R8) of the
Trimble R7/R8 GPS receivers.
The following limited warranties give you specific
legal rights. You may have others, which vary
from state/jurisdiction to state/jurisdiction.
Hardware Limited Warranty
Trimble warrants that this Trimble hardware
product (the “Product”) shall be free from defects
in materials and workmanship and will
substantially conform to Trimble’s applicable
published specifications for the Product for a
period of one (1) year, starting from the date of
delivery. The warranty set forth in this paragraph
shall not apply to software/firmware products.
Software and Firmware License, Limited
Warranty
This Trimble software and/or firmware product
(the “Software”) is licensed and not sold. Its use is
governed by the provisions of the applicable End
User License Agreement (“EULA”), if any,
included with the Software. In the absence of a
separate EULA included with the Software
providing different limited warranty terms,
exclusions, and limitations, the following terms
and conditions shall apply. Trimble warrants that
this Trimble Software product will substantially
conform to Trimble’s applicable published
specifications for the Software for a period of
ninety (90) days, starting from the date of
delivery.
Warranty Remedies
Trimble's sole liability and your exclusive remedy
under the warranties set forth above shall be, at
Trimble’s option, to repair or replace any Product
or Software that fails to conform to such warranty
(“Nonconforming Product”), or refund the
purchase price paid by you for any such
Nonconforming Product, upon your return of any
Nonconforming Product to Trimble in accordance
with Trimble’s standard return material
authorization procedures.
Warranty Exclusions and Disclaimer
These warranties shall be applied only in the event
and to the extent that: (i) the Products and
Software are properly and correctly installed,
configured, interfaced, maintained, stored, and
operated in accordance with Trimble’s relevant
operator's manual and specifications, and; (ii) the
Products and Software are not modified or
misused. The preceding warranties shall not apply
to, and Trimble shall not be responsible for defects
or performance problems resulting from (i) the
combination or utilization of the Product or
Software with products, information, data,
systems or devices not made, supplied or specified
by Trimble; (ii) the operation of the Product or
Software under any specification other than, or in
addition to, Trimble's standard specifications for
its products; (iii) the unauthorized modification or
use of the Product or Software; (iv) damage
caused by accident, lightning or other electrical
discharge, fresh or salt water immersion or spray;
or (v) normal wear and tear on consumable parts
(e.g., batteries).
THE WARRANTIES ABOVE STATE TRIMBLE'S
ENTIRE LIABILITY, AND YOUR EXCLUSIVE
REMEDIES, RELATING TO PERFORMANCE OF
THE PRODUCTS AND SOFTWARE. EXCEPT AS
OTHERWISE EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN,
THE PRODUCTS, SOFTWARE, AND
ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION AND
MATERIALS ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS” AND
WITHOUT EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY
OF ANY KIND BY EITHER TRIMBLE
NAVIGATION LIMITED OR ANYONE WHO HAS
BEEN INVOLVED IN ITS CREATION,
PRODUCTION, INSTALLATION, OR
DISTRIBUTION, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, AND
NONINFRINGEMENT. THE STATED EXPRESS
WARRANTIES ARE IN LIEU OF ALL
OBLIGATIONS OR LIABILITIES ON THE PART
OF TRIMBLE ARISING OUT OF, OR IN
CONNECTION WITH, ANY PRODUCTS OR
SOFTWARE. SOME STATES AND
JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS
ON DURATION OR THE EXCLUSION OF AN
IMPLIED WARRANTY, SO THE ABOVE
LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
TRIMBLE NAVIGATION LIMITED IS NOT
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE OPERATION OR
FAILURE OF OPERATION OF GPS SATELLITES
OR THE AVAILABILITY OF GPS SATELLITE
SIGNALS.
Limitation of Liability
TRIMBLE’S ENTIRE LIABILITY UNDER ANY
PROVISION HEREIN SHALL BE LIMITED TO
THE GREATER OF THE AMOUNT PAID BY YOU
FOR THE PRODUCT OR SOFTWARE LICENSE OR
U.S.$25.00. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT
PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO
EVENT SHALL TRIMBLE OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
WHATSOEVER UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE
OR LEGAL THEORY RELATING IN ANY WAY TO
THE PRODUCTS, SOFTWARE, AND
ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION AND
MATERIALS, (INCLUDING, WITHOUT
LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF
BUSINESS PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION,
LOSS OF BUSINESS INFORMATION, OR ANY
OTHER PECUNIARY LOSS), REGARDLESS OF
WHETHER TRIMBLE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF
THE POSSIBILITY OF ANY SUCH LOSS AND
REGARDLESS OF THE COURSE OF DEALING
WHICH DEVELOPS OR HAS DEVELOPED
BETWEEN YOU AND TRIMBLE. BECAUSE SOME
STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW
THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL
DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT
APPLY TO YOU.
Regulations and Safety
The Bluetooth module inside your receiver is a
radio-modem transmitter and receiver.
Regulations regarding the use of the radio-
modems vary greatly from country to country. In
some countries, the unit can be used without
obtaining an end-user license. Other countries
require end-user licensing. Consult your local
communications governing agency for licensing
information.
Before operating this receiver, determine if
authorization or a license to operate the unit is
required in your country. It is the responsibility of
the end user to obtain an operator’s permit or
license for this receiver radio-modem for the
location or country of use.
STATEMENT ACCORDING FCC PART 15.19
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC
Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful
interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that
may cause undesired operation.
STATEMENT ACCORDING FCC PART 15.21
Modifications not expressly approved by Trimble
could void the user's authority to operate the
equipment.
STATEMENT ACCORDING FCC PART 15.105
This equipment has been tested and found to
comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates,
uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if
not installed and used in accordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. If this equipment does
cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to
try to correct the interference by one or more of
the following measures:
– Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
– Increase the separation between the equipment
and receiver.
– Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit
different from that to which the receiver is
connected.
-- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV
technician for help.
Type Approval
Type approval, or acceptance, covers technical
parameters of the equipment related to emissions
that can cause interference. Type approval is
granted to the manufacturer of the transmission
equipment, independent from the operation or
licensing of the units. Some countries have unique
technical requirements for operation in particular
radio-modem frequency bands. To comply with
those requirements, Trimble may have modified
your equipment to be granted Type approval.
Unauthorized modification of the units voids the
Type approval, the warranty, and the operational
license of the equipment.
Safety
EXPOSURE TO RADIO FREQUENCY
RADIATION
You must maintain a minimum separation distance
of 20 cm (approximately 8 in.) between yourself
and the radiating GSM antenna for this device to
satisfy the RF Exposure requirements of the FCC.
For mobile operation, the maximum gain of the
GSM antenna must not exceed 0 dBi.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide v
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Related Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Warnings and Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Technical Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Your Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Trimble R7 GPS Receiver
2 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Use and Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
COCOM Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3 Setting up the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Parts of the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Front panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Rear panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Top panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Bottom panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Setup Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Environmental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Sources of electrical interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
General guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Postprocessed Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Contents
vi Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Pole-Mounted Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Backpack Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Other System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Cellular modems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
CompactFlash cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
4 General Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Button Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
LED Behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Logging/Memory LED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
SV Tracking LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Radio LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Battery 1 LED and Battery 2 LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Starting and Stopping the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Logging Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Logging internally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Logging to a Trimble controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Resetting to Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Formatting a CompactFlash Card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Batteries and Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Battery charging and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Operating with the TSC1/TSCe controller. . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Power output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
5 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Configuring the Receiver in Real Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Configuring the Receiver Using Application Files . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Application Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Contents
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide vii
Special application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Timed application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Applying application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Storing application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Naming application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
6 Transferring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Connecting to the Office Computer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Transferring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Transferring Files Directly from a CompactFlash Card . . . . . . . . 66
Deleting Files in the Receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Supported File Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
7 Software Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
GPS Configurator Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Installing GPS Configurator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Configuring the Trimble R7 receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
WinFlash Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Installing WinFlash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Upgrading firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Adding frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio . . . . . . . 74
Configuring the internal 900 MHz radio setup. . . . . . . . . . 76
8 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Positioning Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Technical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
9 Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Contents
viii Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Resetting to Factory Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Default behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Power up settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Logging after power loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Disabling logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
10 Cables and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Port 1, 2, and 3 Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Power/serial data cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Event Marker/1PPS Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
GPS Antennas and Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
11 Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output . . . . . . . . . . 99
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Event Marker Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Enabling and configuring event marker input . . . . . . . . . . 100
1PPS Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
1PPS pulse definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
ASCII time tag definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Enabling and configuring 1PPS output . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Trimble R8 GPS Receiver
12 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Use and Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
COCOM Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
13 Setting up the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Contents
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide ix
Parts of the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Front panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Lower housing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Setup Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Environmental conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Sources of electrical interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
General guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Pole-Mounted Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Other System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Cellular modems and external radios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
14 General Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Button Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
LED Behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
LED flash patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Starting and Stopping the Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Logging Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Logging internally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Logging to a Trimble controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Resetting to Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Batteries and Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Battery charging and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Power output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
15 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Configuring the Receiver in Real Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Configuring the Receiver Using Application Files . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Application Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Special application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Contents
x Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Applying application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Storing application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Naming application files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
16 Software Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
GPS Configurator Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Installing GPS Configurator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Configuring the Trimble R8 receiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
WinFlash Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Installing WinFlash. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Upgrading firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Adding frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio . . . . . . . 144
Configuring the internal 900 MHz radio setup. . . . . . . . . . 146
Configuring the internal transceiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
17 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Positioning Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Technical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
18 Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Default Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Resetting to Factory Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Default behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Power up settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
19 Cables and Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Port 1 and 2 Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Power/Serial Data Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Contents
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide xi
Appendixes
Trimble R7 / Trimble R8
A NMEA-0183 Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
NMEA-0183 Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Common Message Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Message values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
NMEA Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
B RTCM Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
RTCM Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Message Scheduling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
C Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Contents
xii Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
CHAPTER
1
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 1
Introduction 1
Welcome to the Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide. This
manual describes how to install, set up, and use a Trimble® R7 or
Trimble R8 GPS receiver.
Even if you have used other Global Positioning System (GPS)
products before, Trimble recommends that you spend some time
reading this manual to learn about the special features of this product.
If you are not familiar with GPS, visit our website for an interactive
look at Trimble and GPS at:
• www.trimble.com
Trimble assumes that you are familiar with the Microsoft®
Windows® operating system and know how to use a mouse, select
options from menus and dialogs, make selections from lists, and refer
to online help.
1.1 Related Information
An electronic copy of this manual is available in portable document
format (PDF) on the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS
Receiver CD. Use Adobe Reader to view the contents of this file.
1 Introduction
2 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Other sources of related information are:
• Release notes – the release notes describe new features of the
product, information not included in the manual, and any
changes to the manual. They are provided as a PDF on the CD.
Use Adobe Reader to view the contents of the release notes.
• Registration – register your receiver to automatically receive
e-mail notifications of Trimble R7 receiver firmware upgrades
and new functionality. To register, do one of the following:
–Run the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS
Receiver CD.
– Register electronically via the internet by completing the
form and submitting.
– Print the registration form that is on the CD, fill it in, and
fax or mail it to the address shown.
Contact your local Trimble Dealer for more information about
the support agreement contracts for software and firmware, and
an extended warranty program for hardware.
• Trimble training courses – consider a training course to help
you use your GPS system to its fullest potential. For more
information, visit the Trimble website at
www.trimble.com/training.html
1.2 Warnings and Cautions
Always follow the instructions that accompany a warning or a caution.
CWARNING – Alerts you to a situation that is likely to cause serious
personal injury, irreparable damage to equipment, or unrecoverable data
loss.
CCaution – Alerts you to a hazard or an unsafe practice that could cause
injury or property damage.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 3
Introduction 1
1.3 Technical Assistance
If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the
product documentation, contact your local Distributor. Alternatively,
request technical support using the Trimble website at:
• www.trimble.com/support.html
1.4 Your Comments
Your feedback about the supporting documentation helps us to
improve it with each revision. E-mail your comments to
ReaderFeedback@trimble.com.
1 Introduction
4 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
SECTION
I
ITRIMBLE R7 GPS RECEIVER
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 7
CHAPTER
2
Overview 2
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QFeatures
QUse and Care
QCOCOM Limits
2 Overview
8 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
2.1 Introduction
This chapter introduces the Trimble R7 GPS receiver. This receiver is
designed for GPS surveying applications. The receiver features
one-touch logging for ease of use, and five LEDs that let you monitor
the survey in progress and the available battery capacity.
The Trimble R7 tracks GPS satellites on both the L1 and L2
frequencies to provide precise position data for land survey
applications. The receiver records GPS data on an internal
CompactFlash card and makes all data available through serial or USB
ports.
You can use the Trimble R7 alone by logging data internally, or as part
of the GPS Total Station® system, which logs GPS data from the
receiver to a Trimble controller running the Trimble Survey
Controller™ or Trimble Survey Pro™ software.
2.2 Features
The receiver provides the following features:
• Trimble R-track technology, which allows the receiver to track
the L2 Civil signal (L2C)
• Centimeter-accuracy real-time positioning with RTK/OTF data,
and up to 10 Hz position updates
• Submeter-accuracy real-time positioning using pseudorange
corrections
• Adaptive dual-frequency RTK engine
• WAAS/EGNOS capability (Wide Area Augmentation
System/European Geo-Stationary Navigation System)
• Automatic OTF (on-the-fly) initialization while moving
• 1PPS (One Pulse Per Second) output
• Dual event-marker input
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 9
Overview 2
Trimble R7 Operation
• USB port for data transfer
• Type I CompactFlash card for data storage
• Internal charging of batteries (no external battery charger
required)
• Three RS-232 serial ports for:
–NMEA output
– RTCM SC-104 input and output
– Trimble Format (CMR) input and output
• Two TNC ports for connecting to the GPS and radio antennas
2.3 Use and Care
The Trimble R7 is designed to withstand the rough treatment that
typically occurs in the field. However, the receiver is a high-precision
electronic instrument and should be treated with reasonable care.
CWARNING – Operating or storing the receiver outside the specified
temperature range can damage it. For more information, see Physical
specifications, page 80.
High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can
overwhelm the receiver circuits. This does not harm the instrument,
but it can prevent the receiver electronics from functioning correctly.
Avoid using the receiver within 400 meters of powerful radar,
television, or other transmitters. Low-power transmitters such as those
used in cellphones and two-way radios normally do not interfere with
receiver operations.
For more information, contact your local Trimble distributor.
2 Overview
10 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
2.4 COCOM Limits
The U.S. Department of Commerce requires that all exportable GPS
products contain performance limitations so that they cannot be used
in a manner that could threaten the security of the United States. The
following limitations are implemented on the Trimble R7 receiver.
Immediate access to satellite measurements and navigation results is
disabled when the receiver’s velocity is computed to be greater than
1000 knots, or its altitude is computed to be above 18,000 meters. The
receiver continuously resets until the COCOM situation is cleared.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 11
CHAPTER
3
Setting up the Receiver 3
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QParts of the Receiver
QSetup Guidelines
QPostprocessed Setup
QPole-mounted Setup
QBackpack Setup
QOther System Components
3 Setting up the Receiver
12 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
3.1 Introduction
This chapter provides general setup information, connection
information, and cabling diagrams for the most common uses of the
Trimble R7 receiver.
3.2 Parts of the Receiver
All operating controls, ports, and connectors on the receiver are
located on its four main panels, as shown in Figure 3.1. This section
provides a brief overview of the features of each of these panels.
Figure 3.1 Panels on the Trimble R7 receiver
Bottom
panel
Top
panel
Front
panel
Rear
panel
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 13
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
32.1 Front panel
Figure 3.2 shows the front panel of the Trimble R7. This panel
contains the five indicator LEDs, the two buttons, and the catch for the
CompactFlash/USB door.
Figure 3.2 Front panel
The two buttons control data logging, data management, power, and
settings. For more information, see Button Functions, page 38.
The indicator LEDs show the status of logging, power, satellite
tracking, and radio reception. For more information, see LED
Behavior, page 39.
USB door catch
23
t
Buttons
Indicator LEDs
CompactFlash/
3 Setting up the Receiver
14 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
32.2 Rear panel
Figure 3.3 shows the rear panel of the Trimble R7. This panel contains
a slot for attaching the receiver catch lock, and the catches for the two
battery compartments on the bottom panel. The catch lock should
already be attached to your receiver.
Figure 3.3 Rear panel
To mount the receiver on a pole, you need to attach the receiver
bracket to the pole and insert the catch lock into the bracket. For more
information, see Pole-Mounted Setup, page 22.
compartment
Receiver
catch lock
Battery
catches
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 15
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
32.3 Top panel
Figure 3.4 shows the top panel of the Trimble R7. This panel contains
the three power/serial data ports and (TNC) ports for GPS and radio
antenna connections.
Figure 3.4 Top panel
Power/serial data ports
TNC ports
123
GPS antenna Radio antenna
3 Setting up the Receiver
16 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
Each port on the top panel is marked with an icon to indicate its main
function.
The power/serial data ports are all 7 pin 0-shell Lemo connectors.
Both Port 2 and Port 3 can accept external power. For information on
default port settings, see Default Settings, page 85. For information on
connector pinouts, see Cables and Connectors, page 91.
The TNC port connectors are color-coded for easy system setup.
Connect the yellow GPS antenna cable to the yellow TNC port marked
GPS, and connect the blue Range Pole antenna (RPA) cable to the blue
TNC connector marked RADIO. For more information on connecting
the Trimble R7 system, see the following sections in this chapter.
Table 3.1 Trimble R7 receiver ports
Icon Name Connections
Port 1 Trimble controller, event marker, or computer
Port 2 Power in, computer, 1PPS, or event marker
Port 3 External radio, power in
GPS GPS antenna
RADIO Radio communications antenna
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 17
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
32.4 Bottom panel
Figure 3.5 shows the bottom panel of the Trimble R7. This panel
contains the USB port, the CompactFlash port, and the compartments
for the two internal batteries.
Figure 3.5 Bottom panel
The CompactFlash/USB door conceals the CompactFlash port and
USB port. To open the door, push the catch on the front panel down.
CWARNING – When no USB cable is connected, or when using the
receiver in a harsh environment, keep this door closed to keep moisture,
dust, and dirt out of the ports. The temperature rating of the receiver
applies only when all doors on the receiver are closed.
CompactFlash port
USB port
Internal battery
compartment
Internal battery
CompactFlash/
USB door
3 Setting up the Receiver
18 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
3.3 Setup Guidelines
Consider the following guidelines when setting up the Trimble R7.
33.1 Environmental conditions
Although the Trimble R7 has a waterproof housing, reasonable care
should be taken to keep the unit dry. Avoid exposure to extreme
environmental conditions, including:
• Water
• Heat greater than 65° C (149° F)
• Cold less than –40° C (–40° F)
• Corrosive fluids and gases
Avoiding these conditions improves the receiver performance and
long-term reliability.
33.2 Sources of electrical interference
Avoid the following sources of electrical and magnetic noise:
• Gasoline engines (spark plugs)
• Televisions and PC monitors
• Alternators and generators
• Electric motors
• Equipment with DC-to-AC converters
• Fluorescent lights
• Switching power supplies
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 19
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
33.3 General guidelines
The following guidelines apply whenever you set up your receiver for
operation:
• When plugging in a Lemo cable, make sure that the red dots on
the receiver port and the cable connector line up. Never use
force to plug cables in, as this may damage the connector pins.
• When disconnecting a Lemo cable, grasp the cable by the
sliding collar or lanyard and pull the cable connector straight
out of the port. Do not twist the connector or pull on the cable
itself.
• To securely connect a TNC cable, align the cable connector
with the receiver receptacle and thread the cable connector onto
the receptacle until snug.
• Insert the internal batteries with the battery contacts facing the
CompactFlash/USB door. The undersides of the batteries have a
center groove for alignment when being inserted into the
receiver.
3 Setting up the Receiver
20 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
3.4 Postprocessed Setup
For a postprocessed survey, you only need:
• the Trimble R7 receiver
• a Zephyr™ or Zephyr Geodetic antenna
• a GPS antenna cable
Other equipment, as described below, is optional.
To set up the Trimble R7 for a postprocessed survey:
1. Set up the tripod with the tribrach and antenna adapter over the
survey mark.
Instead of a tripod, you can use a range pole with a bipod.
However, Trimble recommends that you use a tripod for greater
stability.
2. Mount the antenna on the tribrach adapter.
3. Use the tripod clip to hang the receiver on the tripod.
4. Connect the yellow GPS antenna cable to the Zephyr antenna.
5. Connect the other end of the GPS antenna cable to the yellow
TNC port on the receiver.
6. If external power is required, connect a battery with a 0-shell
Lemo connection to Port 2 or Port 3 on the receiver.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 21
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
Figure 3.6 shows the Trimble R7 receiver postprocessed setup.
Figure 3.6 Postprocessed setup
Note – Instead of hanging the receiver on the tripod, you can place the
receiver in its base case. Run the antenna cable out of the portal in the
side of the base case to the antenna so that the case can stay closed
while the receiver is running.
3 Setting up the Receiver
22 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
3.1 Pole-Mounted Setup
To mount the Trimble R7 on a pole, you need to do the following:
1. Mount the eRTK™ Range Pole antenna (RPA).
2. Mount the receiver.
3. Mount the Trimble controller.
This section provides detailed instructions on each of these three steps.
Mounting the Range Pole antenna (RPA)
To mount the RPA on the pole:
1. Install the RPA bracket 7.5 cm (3") from the pole top by placing
the two pieces together and securing with screws. If you are
using a 1" diameter pole, place the bracket inserts inside the
bracket before securing.
Note – You can use a quarter-wave whip (“rubber duck”)
antenna attached directly to the receiver instead of the RPA.
2. Connect the yellow TNC-to-TNC GPS cable and run it through
the RPA bracket clips where it is labeled on the bracket. Make
sure that the right-angle connector is at the top.
Note – The cable must be routed inside the RPA, through the
bracket, or it will affect the RPA radio reception performance.
3. Align the TNC connector on the RPA with the GPS antenna
cable on the bracket, and while feeding the cable through the
RPA, slide the RPA onto the bracket until it clicks.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 23
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
Figure 2.7 shows the Trimble R7 receiver pole-mounted setup.
Figure 3.7 RPA and bracket
4. Mount the Zephyr antenna on the range pole.
5. Connect the GPS antenna cable. Make sure that the GPS cable
is not hanging over the top of the RPA.
6. Connect the blue TNC-to-TNC radio cable to the RPA.
RPA
GPS antenna
cable
Pole
RPA
bracket
TNC port
(aligned over
antenna cable)
3 Setting up the Receiver
24 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
Mounting the Trimble R7 receiver
To mount the receiver on the pole:
1. Attach the receiver bracket to the pole:
a. Place the bracket against the pole, approximately 0.5 m
from the ground.
Note – If you are using a 1" diameter pole, flip the black
insert around inside the bracket, as shown in Figure 3.8.
Figure 3.8 Receiver bracket insert
b. Close the gates of the bracket around the pole.
c. Seat the base of the clip lock in the opposite gate.
Bracket insert Bracket
11/4" pole
1" pole
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 25
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
d. Lock the clip lock.
If the clip lock is too tight to be locked, turn it one or two
turns counterclockwise and try again. If it is too loose, turn
it one or two turns clockwise and try to lock it again.
2. Mount the receiver on the bracket:
a. Pull the bracket side locks in towards the pole.
b. Set the receiver catch lock in the bracket.
c. Holding the receiver in the bracket, pull the side locks back
to their original positions, as shown in Figure 3.9.
Figure 3.9 Trimble R7 receiver bracket
3. Connect the blue TNC radio communications cable to the blue
TNC port on the receiver. If necessary, adjust the position of the
receiver to remove cable slack.
4. Connect the yellow TNC GPS antenna cable to the yellow TNC
port on the receiver. If necessary, adjust the position of the
receiver to remove cable slack.
Clip lock
Gates
Side locks
3 Setting up the Receiver
26 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
Mounting the TSC1/TSCe controller
To mount the TSC1™/TSCe™ controller on the pole:
1. Mount the controller bracket on the pole:
a. Place the bracket against the pole at a comfortable height.
b. Rotate the clamping screw on the bracket pole until tight.
c. Place the controller into the cradle assembly and tighten
the clamping mechanism.
d. Any cables running down the pole should be run through
the machined groove on the inside of the controller
bracket.
e. Position the controller in the preferred position for
operation by pressing the spring-loaded release button on
the cradle, pulling the assembly outward, and rotating the
cradle assembly to the desired angle. Reseat the cradle in
the proper position by lining up the alignment pins and
pushing inward until the release button locks.
2. Connect one end of the 2 ft 0-shell to 0-shell Lemo cable to the
TSC1/TSCe controller.
3. Connect the other end of the Lemo cable to Port 1 on the
receiver.
4. Place the hand grip below the controller bracket (or above it,
depending on the position of the bracket), with the cables
running through the grip.
5. Secure any loose cables, using the velcro cable ties.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 27
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
Figure 2.10 shows the pole-mounted setup.
Figure 3.10 Pole-mounted setup
Hand grip
RPA
Zephyr antenna
Velcro tie
TSC1 / TSCe bracket
3 Setting up the Receiver
28 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
3.1 Backpack Setup
Both the whip and RPA antennae are suitable for use in a backpack.
The RPA is installed in the same manner as for the pole-mounted setup
(see Pole-Mounted Setup, page 22).
BTip – The RPA is tuned for operation with the GPS antenna cable running
through it. Operating it from a backpack may reduce its operating range.
Trimble recommends that you use the whip antenna.
To set up the Trimble R7 for use in a backpack:
1. Insert the receiver into the backpack with the ports on the top
panel facing upwards and the front panel facing outwards.
Secure the receiver around the middle with the velcro strap.
2. Attach the Zephyr™ antenna to a range pole.
3. Attach the whip antenna mount to one of the fittings on the top
of the backpack.
4. The backpack has a feedthrough on both sides at the top and on
both sides near the bottom to allow cables to be positioned out
of the way of the main zipper. Run the radio communications
cable through at the top, and connect it to the blue TNC port on
the receiver.
5. Connect the straight end of the yellow GPS cable to the yellow
TNC port on the receiver.
6. Run the right-angle connector on the yellow GPS cable through
the top or side slot on the backpack, and connect it to the
Zephyr antenna.
7. Connect one end of the 6 ft 0-shell to 0-shell cable to Port 1 on
the receiver.
8. Run the 0-shell cable through the side slot of the backpack and
connect it to the TSC1/TSCe controller.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 29
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
Figure 3.11 shows the backpack setup.
Figure 3.11 Backpack setup
Whip antenna
Zephyr antenna
TSC1/TSCe bracket
3 Setting up the Receiver
30 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
3.1 Other System Components
This section describes optional components that you can use with the
Trimble R7 receiver.
31.1 Radios
Radios are the most common data link for Real-Time Kinematic
(RTK) surveying. The Trimble R7 receiver is available with an
optional internal radio in either the 450 or 900 MHz UHF bands. You
can also connect an external radio to Port 3, whether the internal radio
is installed or not.
The Trimble R7 supports the following Trimble base radios when
using the internal receiver radio:
•TRIMMARK™ 3
• TRIMMARK IIe
• TRIMTALK™ 450S
• SiteNet™ 450
• SiteNet 900
• Trimble R8 internal transmitter (base)
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 31
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
Internal Radio Setup
You can configure the Trimble R7 optional internal radio using any of
the following:
• the GPS Configurator software
• the WinFlash software
• the Trimble Survey Controller software
For more information, refer to the GPS Configurator Help, the
WinFlash Help, or the Trimble Survey Controller User Guide.
By default, the internal UHF radio has only a few frequencies
installed. Use WinFlash to configure additional frequencies. For more
information, see Adding frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio,
page 74.
External Radio Setup
To use an external radio with the Trimble R7 receiver, you need an
external power source for the radio.
To set up a Trimble R7 using an external radio:
1. Connect one end of the yellow GPS antenna cable to the yellow
TNC port on the receiver.
2. Connect the other end of the GPS antenna cable to a Zephyr or
Zephyr Geodetic antenna.
3. Connect the external radio to Port 3 on the receiver.
4. Connect a radio antenna to the external radio.
3 Setting up the Receiver
32 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
Figure 3.12 shows a TRIMMARK 3 connected to a Trimble R7
receiver.
Figure 3.12 Connecting an external radio
5. Connect an external power source to Port 2 on the receiver.
Note – External rover radios must have their own power source
because the internal Lithium-Ion batteries do not supply enough
voltage. Alternatively, supply external power to port 2 of the
receiver, and enable power out on port 3.
Base radios must have their own power source because of their
high power consumption.
To antenna
To power supply
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 33
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
Alternatively, you can apply external power directly to the
radio, if it supports it.
You can use a 10 Ah battery, a 6 Ah battery, or camcorder
batteries. The choice of power supply depends on the
application, and whether you are using the radio as a reference
or rover radio. For more information about the power
capabilities of the Trimble R7, see Batteries and Power,
page 45.
6. Configure the external radio using Trimble Survey Controller.
Alternatively, you can configure a TRIMMARK 3 radio using
WinFlash or the configuration software supplied with the radio.
For more information, refer to the Trimble Survey Controller
User Guide or the appropriate Help.
7. Set up any other equipment as required, depending on whether
you are using the radio as a reference or a rover radio.
30.1 Cellular modems
You can use a cellular modem instead of a radio as your data
communications link. Cellular modems and other radio links can be
used to extend the limits of your surveys.
To connect a cellular modem to a Trimble R7 receiver, you need the
following:
• A Trimble R7 receiver
• A custom-designed cellular modem, or a cellphone that can
transmit and receive data
• Serial (cellphone to DB9) cable (supplied with the cellular
modem or phone)
• Trimble DB9 to 0-shell Lemo cable
Note – This cable is suitable only if flow control can be disabled
on the cellular modem. If the cellular modem does not support
this functionality, a special cable is required. For more
3 Setting up the Receiver
34 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
information, refer to the document Using Cellular and CDPD
Modems for RTK, which is available from your local Trimble
Distributor.
Figure 3.13 shows the components required to connect a cellphone to
a Trimble R7 receiver.
Figure 3.13 Connecting a cellphone
For more information on using a cellular modem as a data link, refer to
the Trimble Survey Controller User Guide.
Serial cable
DB9 to Lemo cable
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 35
Setting up the Receiver 3
Trimble R7 Operation
30.2 Antennas
The Trimble R7 receiver should normally be used with a Zephyr or
Zephyr Geodetic antenna. These antennas have been designed
specifically for use with the Trimble R7.
Use Figure 3.14 as a guide for measuring the height of the Zephyr and
Zephyr Geodetic antennas. The Zephyr antenna is designed to be
measured to the top of the notch. The Zephyr Geodetic (shown) has
been designed to be measured to the bottom of the notch.
Figure 3.14 Measuring antenna height
Older models of antennas, such as the Choke Ring or
Micro-Centered™ L1/L2 antennas, need more power to operate than
the Zephyr models. To configure the receiver to output more power on
the antenna port, select the correct antenna type in GPS Configurator,
or through the Trimble controller. For information on how to do this,
contact your local Trimble Service Provider.
1.520
1.510
1.515
1.505
3 Setting up the Receiver
36 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
30.3 CompactFlash cards
The Trimble R7 logs data internally on a CompactFlash card.
However, it only support the Type I CompactFlash card. Trimble
recommends that you use an industrial-rated CompactFlash card, as
commercial cards have a limited operating temperature range.
Before logging data to a CompactFlash card, format the card to ensure
the integrity of the file system. To format the card, insert it in the
receiver and then hold down p for 30 seconds.
Note – Make sure that you format your CompactFlash card in the
receiver. This prevents data on the card from being corrupted if the
card is removed while data is being logged. Formatting the card in
your PC may cause data corruption, or loss of data.
When inserting the card, make sure that it slides into the card slot
properly.
CWARNING –
– The Trimble R7 allows for a maximum of 512 files on the CompactFlash
card, regardless of the card’s capacity. The file names must be in 8.3
format, otherwise files copied to the CompactFlash card may cause data
corruption or loss of data when logging.
– If the card does not seat into the pins correctly, do not use force or you
may damage the pins. Remove the card and reinsert it carefully.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 37
CHAPTER
4
General Operation 4
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QButton Functions
QLED Behavior
QStarting and Stopping the Receiver
QLogging Data
QResetting to Defaults
QFormatting a CompactFlash Card
QBatteries and Power
4 General Operation
38 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
4.1 Introduction
All the controls that you need for general operation of the Trimble R7
receiver are located on the front panel, as shown in Figure 4.1.
Figure 4.1 Controls on the front panel of the Trimble R7
For more information about other panels of the Trimble R7, see Parts
of the Receiver, page 12.
4.2 Button Functions
The Trimble R7 has only two buttons: a Power button, represented in
this manual by p, and a Data button, represented by d.
Use p to switch the receiver on or off, and to perform data
management functions such as deleting files or resetting the receiver.
23
t
Logging/
Memory LED
Data button Power button
Battery LEDs
SV Tracking
Radio/Event
LED
Marker LED
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 39
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Use d to start or stop logging. This button is only effective when the
receiver is switched on and has completed any power-up and
initialization tasks.
Table 4.1 describes the main functions of the two buttons.
Note – The term “press” indicates that you should press the button
and release it immediately. The term “hold” indicates that you should
press the button and hold it down until the time indicated has elapsed.
4.3 LED Behavior
The five LEDs on the top panel of the receiver indicate various
operating conditions. Generally, a lit or slowly flashing LED indicates
normal operation, an LED that is flashing quickly indicates a
condition that may require attention, and an unlit LED indicates that
no operation is occurring. The following table defines each possible
LED state.
Table 4.1 Button functions
Action Power button Data button
Turn the receiver on Press
Turn the receiver off Hold for 2 seconds
Start logging data internally Press
Stop logging data internally Hold for 2 seconds
Delete the ephemeris file Hold for 15 seconds
Reset the receiver to factory defaults Hold for 15 seconds
Delete application files Hold for 30 seconds
Format the CompactFlash card Hold for 30 seconds
The term … means that the LED …
Flash is lit briefly every 3 seconds
Slow flash alternates slowly between being lit and unlit
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43.1 Logging/Memory LED
The yellow Logging/Memory LED below the d button indicates the
status of data logging and memory usage.
43.2 SV Tracking LED
The red SV Tracking LED below the SV icon indicates the status
of satellite tracking.
Fast flash alternates rapidly between being lit and unlit
On is lit
Off is unlit
Behavior Meaning
On Data is being logged.
Slow flash Enough FastStatic data has been logged. Alternatively, if
the red SV Tracking LED is on solid at the same time, the
receiver is in Monitor mode, and is checking for new
firmware to install.
Fast flash Data is being logged but memory is low.
Flash The receiver is in Sleep mode, and will wake up five
minutes before the scheduled start time of a timed
application file.
Off Data is not being logged, or the CompactFlash card is
full.
Behavior Meaning
Slow flash Tracking four or more satellites.
Fast flash Tracking three or fewer satellites.
Off Not tracking any satellites.
On The receiver is in Monitor mode, and is checking for new
firmware to install.
The term … means that the LED …
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 41
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43.3 Radio LED
The green Radio LED below the Radio icon indicates the status
of data input and output.
43.4 Battery 1 LED and Battery 2 LED
The Battery LEDs inside the two Battery icons indicate the status
of the two internal batteries, or the power sources connected on Ports 2
and 3.
By default, each battery LED indicates the status of the external power
source on the corresponding port. If no external source is detected,
each LED indicates the status of an internal battery. The color of the
LED indicates whether the power source is currently in use (green) or
is on standby (yellow).
4.4 Starting and Stopping the Receiver
To turn on the receiver, press p.
To turn off the receiver, hold down p for two seconds.
Behavior Meaning
Slow flash A data packet or event marker has been received.
Color Meaning Behavior Meaning
Green Power source
is in use
On Healthy
Fast flash Low power
Off No power source is present
Yellow Power source
is on standby
On Healthy
Fast flash Low power
Flash Dead
Off No power source is present
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4.5 Logging Data
You can log data to the CompactFlash card in the receiver, or to the
survey device.
45.1 Logging internally
The Trimble R7 receiver logs GPS data internally on a CompactFlash
card. You can then use the Trimble Data Transfer utility to transfer
logged data files to your office computer. The transferred files are in
Trimble DAT (.dat) format.
CWARNING – The Trimble R7 allows for a maximum of 512 files on the
CompactFlash card, regardless of the card’s capacity. The file names
must be in 8.3 format, otherwise files copied to the CompactFlash card
may cause data corruption or loss of data when logging.
Data is logged using the current logging settings configured in the
receiver. Data files logged internally are named automatically.
To begin internal logging, press d. The Logging/Memory LED lights
up.
To stop logging, hold down d for at least two seconds. The
Logging/Memory LED turns off.
Note – When the CompactFlash card is full, the receiver stops logging
data, and the Logging/Memory LED switches off. Existing data files
are not overwritten.
Approximate storage requirements for different logging rates are
shown in Table 4.2. The values shown are for a one-hour logging
session with six satellites visible.
Table 4.2 Storage requirements
Logging rate Memory required
10 Hz 2,588 KB
1Hz 335 KB
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Note – If power is lost, or the CompactFlash card is removed while
logging, the file system is designed so that a maximum of ten seconds
of data will be lost, regardless of the logging rate. To ensure that this
behavior occurs, use GPS Configurator to perform a quick format of
the CompactFlash card before logging data to the card for the first
time.
45.2 Logging to a Trimble controller
When the Trimble R7 receiver is connected to a Trimble controller,
you can log GPS data from the receiver to the controller, or to a PC
card inserted in the controller. When you use a Trimble controller, you
do not use the receiver’s controls. Instead, you use the controller
functions to set logging options, specify filenames, and control when
logging occurs.
Data is stored in job files, which can be transferred to your office
computer using Trimble’s Data Transfer utility.
For more information on logging data from a receiver using a Trimble
controller refer, to the user guide for your particular controller.
4.6 Resetting to Defaults
To reset the receiver to its factory default settings, hold down p for at
least 15 seconds.
CWARNING – Make sure that you do not hold down p for more than 30
seconds. After 30 seconds, any application files stored in the receiver are
deleted and the CompactFlash card is reformatted.
5 seconds 87 KB
15 seconds 37 KB
Table 4.2 Storage requirements (continued)
Logging rate Memory required
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Resetting the receiver to its factory defaults also deletes any ephemeris
file in the receiver.
For more information, see Chapter 9, Default Settings.
4.7 Formatting a CompactFlash Card
To format a CompactFlash card for use in a Trimble R7 receiver, insert
the card in the CompactFlash port, then hold down p for at least 30
seconds. After 15 seconds, the receiver is reset to its factory defaults,
and any ephemeris file is deleted. After 30 seconds, any files stored on
the card are deleted and the CompactFlash card is reformatted.
CWARNING – Formatting a CompactFlash card while it is in the receiver
deletes all the data files on the card and all the application files in the
receiver.
Note – When you use p to format the CompactFlash card, a quick
format is performed. A quick format reformats the card for use with
the Trimble R7 receiver and deletes all data on the card. A full format
checks the card for errors or bad sectors, and is only necessary if the
card is corrupted. To perform a full format, use GPS Configurator. For
more information, see GPS Configurator Software, page 70.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 45
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4.8 Batteries and Power
CWARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A
damaged battery can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in
personal injury and/or property damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of
damage include, but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking
battery fluid.
– Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight.
– Do not immerse the battery in water.
– Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather.
– Do not drop or puncture the battery.
– Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.
The Trimble R7 can be powered either by its two internal batteries or
by an external power source connected to Port 2 or Port 3. The charge
provided by the internal batteries depends on the type of survey and
operating conditions. Typically, one battery provides about 3.5 hours
of power during an RTK survey using the internal radio, and about
5 hours during a survey without the internal radio.
The external power source is always used in preference to the internal
batteries. When there is no external power source connected, or if the
external power supply fails, the internal batteries are used. The
internal batteries are drained in turn, and the receiver automatically
switches to the full battery when the first battery is drained.
If no external power is supplied and both internal batteries are drained,
none of the data that you have logged is lost. When internal or external
power is restored, the receiver restarts in the same state as when power
was lost. For example, if the receiver was logging data, the data file is
not corrupted, and when power is restored the receiver resumes
logging with the same settings as before.
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The power supply that is supplied with the Trimble R7 receiver
charges the receiver internal batteries while they are still in the
receiver. To do this, connect the power supply to the power/serial data
cable, connect the cable to Port 2 on the receiver, and connect the
power supply to an AC power source, as shown in Figure 4.2.
Figure 4.2 Charging the batteries
The two internal batteries take approximately eight hours to charge.
They are charged individually, so each battery takes approximately
four hours to charge. The internal batteries start charging whenever an
external power supply of greater than 15 V is detected.
23
Power/serial data cable
To AC
power supply
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 47
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CWARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if it
appears to be leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and contact with it can
result in personal injury and/or property damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid.
– If battery fluid gets into your eyes, immediately rinse your eyes with
clean water and seek medical attention. Do not rub your eyes!
– If battery fluid gets onto your skin or clothing, immediately use clean
water to wash off the battery fluid.
Each receiver in your system is supplied with two internal Lithium-ion
battery packs. To charge both sets of batteries, connect both receivers
to power supplies as shown in Figure 3.2.
48.1 Battery charging and storage
All battery types discharge over time when they are not being used.
Batteries also discharge faster in colder temperatures. If a Lithium-ion
battery is to be stored for long periods of time, make sure it is fully
charged before storing and re-charged at least every three months.
CWARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in
strict accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in
unauthorized equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in
personal injury and/or equipment damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking.
– Charge the Lithium-ion battery only in a Trimble product that is specified
to charge it. Be sure to follow all instructions that are provided with the
battery charger.
– Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning
odor.
– Use the battery only in Trimble equipment that is specified to use it.
– Use the battery only for its intended use and according to the
instructions in the product documentation.
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Charging the Lithium-ion battery
The rechargeable Lithium-ion battery is supplied partially charged.
Charge the battery completely before using it for the first time. If the
battery has been stored for longer than six months, charge it before
use.
To protect the battery from deep discharge (5 volts or less), the
Trimble R7 system is designed to switch batteries or cease drawing
power when the battery pack discharges to 5.9 volts.
A battery that has reached the deep discharge level cannot be
recharged and must be replaced. The following recommendations
provide optimal performance and extend the life of your batteries:
• Fully charge all new batteries prior to use.
• Do not allow the batteries to discharge below 5 volts.
• Keep all batteries on continuous charge when not in use.
Batteries may be kept on charge indefinitely without damage to
the receiver or batteries.
• Do not store batteries in the receiver or external charger unless
power is applied.
• If you must store the batteries, fully charge them before storing
and then recharge them at least every three months.
Disposing of the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery
Discharge the Lithium-ion battery before disposing of it. When
disposing of the battery, be sure to do so in an environmentally
sensitive manner. Adhere to any local and national regulations
concerning battery disposal or recycling.
48.2 Operating with the TSC1/TSCe controller
If the receiver is being powered by its internal batteries, it does not
supply power to the TSC1/TSCe controller when they are connected.
However, the TSC1/TSCe batteries and the Trimble R7 batteries can
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 49
General Operation 4
Trimble R7 Operation
be charged at the same time from the same power supply. To charge
both sets of batteries, use two standard power/serial data cables to
connect the TSC1/TSCe controller and the receiver to a power supply,
as shown in Figure 4.3.
Figure 4.3 Charging receiver and TSC1/TSCe batteries
48.3 Power output
If the receiver is being supplied with power from an external source,
power is automatically output on Port 1. The output voltage is
approximately 0.5 V less than the input voltage. Port 1 outputs a
maximum voltage of 20 V, even if the input voltage is higher.
23
To AC
Power/serial data cables
power supply
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You can use GPS Configurator or Trimble Survey Controller to enable
power output on Port 3. Port 3 can be enabled for power output
regardless of whether power is supplied internally or externally.
On Port 3, the output voltage is approximately 0.5 V less than the
input voltage. For example, if power is being supplied from the
internal Lithium ion batteries, the maximum battery voltage is 8.4 V,
so the maximum output voltage is 7.9 V.
Note – When you start a survey using Trimble Survey Controller, and
you are using an external radio, the software automatically enables
power output on Port 3.
48.4 Firmware
A receiver’s firmware is the program inside the receiver that makes the
receiver run and controls the hardware. When you need to upgrade the
firmware for your Trimble R7 receiver, Trimble recommends that you
use WinFlash. For more information, see WinFlash Software, page 71.
CWARNING – Upgrading the firmware deletes all application files on the
Trimble R7 receiver.
An alternative method of upgrading your firmware is to copy the .elf
file directly to the CompactFlash card from your computer.
To do this:
1. Connect the CompactFlash card to your desktop computer.
2. Using Windows Explorer, copy the .elf file from your computer
to the CompactFlash card.
3. Disconnect the CompactFlash card from your computer and
insert it into the receiver.
4. Turn the receiver off.
5. Hold down d and press p.
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The receiver starts up in Monitor mode, automatically detects
the newer version of the firmware, and installs it. In Monitor
mode, the red SV Tracking LED is lit solidly and the yellow
Logging/Memory LED flashes slowly.
The upgrade takes about two minutes. Once the upgrade
procedure is complete, the receiver restarts automatically.
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Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 53
CHAPTER
5
Configuration 5
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QConfiguring the Receiver in Real Time
QConfiguring the Receiver Using Application Files
QApplication Files
5 Configuration
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5.1 Introduction
The Trimble R7 receiver has no controls for changing settings. To
configure the receiver, use external software, such as the GPS
Configurator or Trimble Survey Controller software.
There are two ways to configure the Trimble R7:
• Configuring the receiver in real time
• Applying the settings in an application file
This chapter provides a brief overview of each of these methods, and
describes the contents and use of application files.
5.2 Configuring the Receiver in Real Time
The GPS Configurator and Trimble Survey Controller software
support real-time configuration of the Trimble R7 receiver.
When you configure the receiver in real time, you use one of these
software applications to specify which settings you want to change.
When you apply the changes, the receiver settings change
immediately.
Any changes that you apply to the receiver are reflected in the Current
application file, which is always present in the receiver. The Current
application file always records the most recent configuration, so if you
apply further changes (either in real time or using an application file)
the Current file is updated and there is no record of the changes that
you applied originally.
For more information on configuring the receiver in real time, see
Chapter 7, Software Utilities.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 55
Configuration 5
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5.3 Configuring the Receiver Using Application Files
An application file contains information for configuring a receiver. To
configure a receiver using an application file, you need to create the
application file, transfer it to the receiver, and then apply the file
settings. GPS Configurator does this for you automatically when you
work with configuration files.
For more information on applying application files, see Chapter 7,
Software Utilities.
5.4 Application Files
An application file is organized into records. Each record stores
configuration information for a particular area of receiver operation.
Application files can include the following records:
• File Storage
• General Controls
• Serial Port Baud/Format
• Reference Position
• Logging Rate
• SV Enable/Disable
•Output Message
• Antenna
• Device Control
• Static/Kinematic
• Input Message
• Timed Activation
An application file does not have to contain all of these records. When
you apply an application file, any option that is not included in the
records in the file remains at its current setting. For example, if you
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56 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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apply an application file that only specifies the elevation mask to use,
all other settings remain as they were before the application file was
applied.
You can store up to twenty different application files in battery-backed
memory on the receiver. You can apply an application file’s settings at
the time it is transferred to the receiver, or at any time afterwards.
54.1 Special application files
The Trimble R7 has three special application files, which control
important aspects of the receiver’s configuration.
Default application file
The default application file (Default.cfg) contains the original receiver
configuration, and cannot be changed. This file configures the receiver
after it is reset. You can reset the receiver by holding down p for at
least 15 seconds, or by using the reset option in GPS Configurator.
For more information on the default receiver settings, see Default
Settings, page 85.
Although you cannot change or delete the default application file, you
can use a power up application file to override any or all of the default
settings.
Current application file
The current application file (Current.cfg) reflects the current receiver
configuration. Whenever you change the receiver’s configuration,
either in real time or by applying an application file, the current file
changes to match the new configuration.
You cannot delete the current file or change it directly, but every
change to the receiver’s current configuration is applied to the current
file as well.
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When you switch off the receiver then turn it on again, all the settings
from the current application file are applied, so you do not lose any
changes that you have made. The only exceptions are the following
logging parameters:
• Logging rate
• Position rate
• Elevation mask
These parameters are always reset to the factory default values
whenever the receiver is switched off.
Power Up application file
The power up application file (Power_up.cfg) is optional. If a power
up file is present, its settings are applied whenever the receiver is
powered up.
In this file, you can specify that the receiver is reset to defaults before
the power up settings are applied. This ensures that restarting the
receiver always results in the same configuration. This method is
useful for defining “default” settings for the receiver that differ from
those in the default file, which cannot be changed.
Alternatively, you can specify that the power up settings are applied
immediately after the current application file’s settings have been
applied. Restarting the receiver results in a configuration that uses
your default settings for the options you define in the power up file,
but the current settings for all other options.
By default, there is no POWER_UP application file on the receiver. To
use a power up application file, you must create and save a
POWER_UP application file in GPS Configurator. If you save this file
to disk, the file is called Power_up.cfg. The extension .cfg is used by
convention to identify application files on the office computer. When
you transfer this file to the receiver, the file is saved on the receiver as
POWER_UP, and becomes the new power up file.
The power up file is the only special application file that you can
overwrite or delete from the receiver.
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54.2 Timed application files
A timed application file contains a Timed Activation record which
specifies when this file is to be applied. The main use of a timed
application file is to automatically start or stop logging at a predefined
time.
The Timed Activation record specifies:
• the UTC date and time when the application file is to be applied
for the first time
• the interval at which the file is to be reapplied
If you do not specify a repeat interval, the settings are applied only
once, at the specified time. If the file specifies a repeat interval, the
file’s settings are reapplied at the specified interval until the file is
deactivated.
Note – If the receiver is logging continuously, the current logging
takes precedence over any timed application file stored in the receiver.
Defining timed application files
To send timed application files to a Trimble R7, set up scheduled
survey sessions in GPS Configurator. You can define multiple
sessions, each specifying:
• basic logging parameters (data logging rate, position logging
rate, and elevation mask)
• a starting time
• a duration
When you apply the current settings in GPS Configurator, each
defined survey session is sent to the Trimble R7 as a pair of timed
application files: the first includes the logging settings and start time,
and the second contains settings that stop logging at the end time
(which is calculated automatically from the duration you specify).
For more information on scheduled survey sessions, refer to the GPS
Configurator Help.
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The receiver can store up to 20 application files, so you can define a
maximum of 10 scheduled survey sessions (10 pairs of start/stop timed
application files).
Sleep mode
Whenever you press p to turn off the Trimble R7, it checks for a
timed application file that is due to be activated in the future. If one
exists, the receiver goes into Sleep mode instead of powering down.
In Sleep mode, the yellow Logging/Memory LED flashes every three
seconds. The receiver wakes up five minutes before the scheduled
activation time, so that it is ready to begin logging at the scheduled
time.
54.3 Applying application files
An application file’s settings do not affect the receiver’s configuration
until you apply the application file. You can do this at the same time
that you save the file. Alternatively, save the file on the computer or in
the receiver, then open it later and apply its settings.
Note – If the application file is a timed file, its settings do not take
effect as soon as you apply the file, but at the time that the file specifies
for its activation.
54.4 Storing application files
You can store application files that you create in GPS Configurator on
the receiver and on the computer. For example, each file can represent
a different user sharing the same receiver, or a particular mode of
operation or survey style. Saving application files on your computer as
well as in your receiver is optional, but it is useful because:
• it gives you a permanent copy of the settings you have sent to a
receiver, for audit or your own reference.
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• you can use the same file to configure multiple receivers
identically.
• you can use an existing application file as a template for
creating other application files with similar settings.
54.5 Naming application files
The application filename in the office computer and in the receiver is
always the same. This makes it easier to recognize and keep track of
your application files.
When you change the name of the application file in the receiver, this
changes the application filename on your computer. When you
transfer an application file from the receiver and save it to the
computer, the system renames the file to match the internal receiver
file. However, if you use Windows Explorer, for example, to change
the .cfg filename on the computer, this does not change the internal
receiver filename. This means that the GPS receiver does not
recognize the change to the filename on the computer.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 61
CHAPTER
6
Transferring Data 6
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QConnecting to the Office Computer
QTransferring Data
QTransferring Files Directly from a Compactflash Card
QDeleting Files in the Receiver
QSupported File Types
6 Transferring Data
62 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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6.1 Introduction
The Trimble R7 receiver keeps satellite measurements and other data
in files stored on a CompactFlash card. These files cannot be
processed until you transfer them to your office computer.
Note – The receiver supports a maximum of 512 files on the
CompactFlash cards.
On returning to the office after completing a survey, transfer the field
data to a computer that has the Trimble Geomatics Office™ software
installed. You can then process the survey data in Trimble Geomatics
Office to produce baselines and coordinates.
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6.2 Connecting to the Office Computer
The Trimble R7 has three serial (COM) ports and one USB port for
connection to the office computer. A USB connection is up to ten
times faster than normal serial communications.
Use the standard power/serial data cable to connect the receiver to the
computer, as shown in Figure 6.1.
Figure 6.1 Connecting the Trimble R7 to a computer for serial data transfer
Power/serial data
Port 2
Serial (COM) port
cable
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Use the USB cable to connect the receiver to the computer, as shown
in Figure 6.2.
Figure 6.2 Connecting the Trimble R7 to a computer for USB data transfer
Note – When the receiver is connected to a USB port on a computer, it
is treated as a peripheral device of the computer. If the receiver is
unplugged or powered down, a warning message is displayed on the
computer.
USB cable
USB port
USB port
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6.3 Transferring Data
Transfer the data files to the computer using the Trimble Data Transfer
utility. You can run this utility as a standalone program or from within
Trimble Geomatics Office. For more information about the transfer
process, refer to the Data Transfer Help.
Note – When you connect to a receiver in the Data Transfer utility, you
must use a GPS Receiver (R/5000 Series) device definition. If you use
a GPS Receiver (4000 Series) device definition, the Data Transfer
utility will be unable to establish communication with the receiver.
When transfer is complete, the Data Transfer utility automatically
converts the file to the DAT format. If you are using Data Transfer
from within Trimble Geomatics Office, the Check-in dialog appears.
For more information, refer to the Trimble Geomatics Office User
Guide.
Note – A file in DAT format is approximately six times the size of the
corresponding file in the Trimble R7 internal format. Before
transferring files, make sure that there is enough space on your
computer.
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6.4 Transferring Files Directly from a CompactFlash
Card
All data is stored in a Trimble R7 receiver on an internal
CompactFlash card. There are two ways to transfer files between the
receiver and the office computer:
• Connect the receiver to the office computer and use the Data
Transfer utility to transfer files.
• Remove the CompactFlash card from the receiver and connect it
directly to your office computer, where it functions like a
normal disk drive. Use Windows Explorer to transfer files.
When you use the Data Transfer utility to transfer data files from the
CompactFlash card while it is still inserted in the receiver, the Data
Transfer utility converts the raw receiver data (.T01) files you select
into the Trimble DAT file format.
However, if you connect the CompactFlash card to your computer and
then copy or move files to your computer, it treats the card like any
other disk drive, and transfers the files without converting them. You
need to convert these raw receiver files to DAT format files before you
can use them on your office computer.
You can convert receiver data files by using a Windows Explorer
extension which is installed on your computer when you install the
Data Transfer utility.
Note – Although this extension is only available if you have the Data
Transfer utility installed, you do not have to run the Data Transfer
utility to use it.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 67
Transferring Data 6
Trimble R7 Operation
To convert a .T01 file on your office computer into the DAT format:
1. On your office computer, open Windows Explorer and navigate
to the location of the .T01 file.
2. Right-click the file, and from the menu that appears select
Convert to DAT format:
The DAT File Conversion dialog appears while the file is
converted. When the dialog disappears, the file conversion is
complete.
A new file with the same filename but a .dat extension appears
in the same folder as the .T01 file.
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68 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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6.1 Deleting Files in the Receiver
You can delete files stored in the receiver at any time. Do one of the
following:
• Use the Data Transfer utility in Trimble Geomatics Office.
• Use the TSC1/TSCe controller.
• Hold down the power button p for 30 seconds after the
receiver has been powered on. (When you use this method, all
data is deleted, and the CompactFlash card is reformatted.)
• Use GPS Configurator.
6.2 Supported File Types
Table 6.1 shows the file types that you can transfer to or from a
Trimble R7 receiver, and the software or utility that you must use to
transfer each file type.
Note – The Trimble R7 receiver supports a maximum of 512 files on
the CompactFlash card. Files stored on the compact flash must be 8.3
format. The Trimble R7 receiver does not support extended file names.
Table 6.1 Supported file types
File Type Extensions Transfer from
Trimble R7?
Transfer to
Trimble R7?
Software
Ephemeris .eph Yes No Data Transfer
Raw observations .T01, .dat Yes No Data Transfer
Receiver firmware files .elf No Yes WinFlash
Application files .cfg Yes Yes GPS
Configurator
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 69
CHAPTER
7
Software Utilities 7
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QGPS Configurator Software
QWinFlash Software
7 Software Utilities
70 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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7.1 Introduction
This chapter provides information on the software utilities that you
can use with the Trimble R7 receiver.
7.2 GPS Configurator Software
GPS Configurator is office software that configures selected Trimble
GPS receivers.
GPS Configurator lets you:
• edit and save configuration files to the receiver and the
computer
• check current receiver settings and operation
• change receiver settings in real time
72.1 Installing GPS Configurator
A copy of GPS Configurator is included on the Trimble R7,
Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receivers CD.
To install the software:
1. Insert the disk into the CD drive on your office computer.
2. From the main menu select Install individual software
packages.
3. Select Install GPS Configurator vX.XX.
4. Follow the on-screen instructions.
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Software Utilities 7
Trimble R7 Operation
70.1 Configuring the Trimble R7 receiver
To configure a Trimble R7 receiver using GPS Configurator:
1. Connect Port 1 or 2 on the receiver to a serial (COM) port on
the computer and apply power.
2. To start GPS Configurator, click and then select
Programs /Trimble /GPS Configurator /GPS Configurator.
3. Select Trimble R7 in the Device Type dialog.
The software automatically establishes a connection with the
receiver.
4. Make appropriate selections for your required receiver settings.
For more information, refer to the GPS Configurator Help.
5. Click Apply.
The settings in GPS Configurator are applied to the receiver.
7.1 WinFlash Software
WinFlash communicates with Trimble products to perform various
functions including:
• installing software, firmware, and option upgrades
• running diagnostics (for example, retrieving configuration
information)
• configuring radios
For more information, online help is also available when using
WinFlash.
Note – WinFlash runs on Microsoft Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, Me, or
XP operating systems.
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72 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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71.1 Installing WinFlash
WinFlash can be installed from the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and
5800 GPS Receivers CD, or from the Trimble website.
Installing WinFlash from the CD
1. Insert the disk into the CD drive on your computer.
2. From the main menu select Install individual software
packages.
3. Select Install WinFlash vX.XX with Trimble R7 drivers and
firmware.
4. Follow the on-screen instructions.
70.1 Upgrading firmware
Your Trimble R7 receiver is supplied with the latest version of receiver
firmware installed. If a later version becomes available, upgrade the
firmware installed on your receiver.
WinFlash guides you through the firmware upgrade process. The steps
required are described below. For more information, refer to the
WinFlash Help.
To upgrade the Trimble R7 receiver firmware:
1. Start WinFlash.
The Device Configuration screen appears.
2. From the Device type list select Trimble R7 Receiver.
3. From the PC serial port field select the serial (COM) port on
the computer that the receiver is connected to.
4. Click Next.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 73
Software Utilities 7
Trimble R7 Operation
The Operation Selection screen appears. The Operations list
shows all of the supported operations for the selected device. A
description of the selected operation is shown in the Description
field.
5. Select GPS software upgrade and click Next.
The GPS Software Selection window appears. This screen
prompts you to select the software that you want to install on
the Trimble R7 receiver.
6. Select the latest version from the Available Software list and
click Next.
The Settings Review window appears. This screen prompts you
to connect the receiver, suggests a connection method, and then
lists the receiver configuration and selected operation.
7. If all is correct, click Finish.
Based on the selections shown above, the Software Upgrade
window appears and shows the status of the operation (for
example, Establishing communication with the Trimble R7. Please wait.).
8. Click OK.
The Software Upgrade window appears again and states that the
operation was completed successfully.
9. Click Menu to select another operation, or click Exit to quit
WinFlash.
10. If you click Exit, another screen appears asking you to confirm
that you want to quit WinFlash. Click OK.
7 Software Utilities
74 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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70.1 Adding frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio
If your receiver has the optional internal radio installed, you can use
WinFlash to add receiving frequencies to the default list.
To add radio receiving frequencies:
1. Start WinFlash.
The Device Configuration screen appears.
2. From the Device type list select Trimble R7 Receiver.
3. From the PC serial port field select the serial (COM) port on
the computer that the receiver is connected to.
4. Click Next.
The Operation Selection screen appears. The Operations list
shows all of the supported operations for the selected device. A
description of the selected operation is shown in the Description
field.
5. Select Configure Radio and click Next.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 75
Software Utilities 7
Trimble R7 Operation
The Frequency Selection window appears:
6. In the Wireless Format group, select the appropriate channel and
wireless mode. The Wireless Mode must be the same for all
radios in your network.
7. In the Specify Frequency field, enter the frequency you require.
8. Click Add. The new frequency appears in the Selected
Frequencies list.
Note – The frequencies that you program must conform to the channel
spacing and minimum tuning requirements for the radio. To view this
information, click Radio Info. You may select either 12.5 or 25 kHz
channel spacing. All radios in your network must use the same
channel spacing.
7 Software Utilities
76 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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9. When you have configured all the frequencies you require, click
OK.
WinFlash updates the receiver radio frequencies and then
restarts the receiver.
70.1 Configuring the internal 900 MHz radio setup
To configure the internal 900 MHz radio, use one of the following:
• Trimble Survey Controller running on a Trimble controller
• WinFlash (provided on the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and
5800 GPS Receivers CD)
The internal radio has 40 selectable networks. You must choose the
same network that is configured in the base radio you want to receive
from.
Trimble Survey Controller
To configure the radio network using Trimble Survey Controller:
1. Connect the data/power cable to the controller and the receiver
and turn on the controller. The receiver starts automatically.
2. From the main menu on the controller, select Configuration.
3. In the dialog that appears, select Survey styles, then from the
Type field, select RTK.
4. Select Rover radio, then from the Type field select Trimble
Internal.
5. Tap the ! softkey.
6. Once connected, in the Network number field enter the number
of the network set on your base radio.
Note – The Base Radio Mode field is not used here.
7. Tap the E softkey to complete configuration.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 77
Software Utilities 7
Trimble R7 Operation
WinFlash
To configure the radio network using WinFlash:
1. Connect the data/power cable to Port 1 on the receiver.
2. Connect the female DE-9 connector on the other end of the
data/power cable to a serial (COM) port on the computer.
3. Start WinFlash. The Device Configuration dialog appears.
4. From the Device type list, select Trimble R7 Receiver.
5. From the PC serial port field, select the serial port on the
computer that the receiver is connected to and click Next.
6. From the Operation selection dialog, select Configure radio and
click Next.
7. Confirm that your current settings are correct and click Finish.
The Configure 900MHz radio dialog appears.
8. In the Network number field, select the same network that is set
on your base radio.
9. In the Country setting field, select one of the following
(according to how your base radio was shipped):
– Your country (if available). This sets the radio to the a specific
frequency range being transmitted by the base radio.
– A single frequency. This limits the frequencies used to those
authorized in your particular country.
10. Click OK.
WinFlash updates the radio settings and then restarts the receiver.
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78 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 79
CHAPTER
8
Specifications 8
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QPhysical Specifications
QPositioning Specifications
QTechnical Specifications
8 Specifications
80 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
8.1 Introduction
This chapter lists the specifications of the Trimble R7 receiver.
8.2 Physical Specifications
Table 8.1 lists physical specifications for the Trimble R7. The
temperature rating of the receiver applies only when all doors on the
receiver are closed.
Table 8.1 Physical specifications
Feature Specification
Size 13.5 cm W x 8.5 cm H x 24 cm L
(5.3 in. W x 3.4 in. H x 9.5 in. L)
Weight
(with 2 batteries inserted)
1.4 kg (3.0 lb)
Battery life
(at 20 °C)
RTK with internal radio: 3.5 hours
No internal radio: 5 hours
Power input 11–28 V DC
Operating temperature –40 °C to +65 °C (–40 °F to +149 °F)a
aThe USB port only operates when the temperature is above 0 °C (32 °F). The internal
batteries only charge when the temperature is in the range 0 °C to 40 °C (32 °F to 104 °F)
Storage temperature –40 °C to +80 °C (–40 °F to +176 °F)
Humidity 100% condensing, unit fully sealed
Casing Dust-proof, shock- and vibration-resistant
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 81
Specifications 8
Trimble R7 Operation
8.3 Positioning Specifications
Table 8.2 lists positioning specifications for the Trimble R7.
Table 8.2 Positioning specifications
Positioning Mode Horizontal Accuracy
(RMS)
Vertical Accuracy
(RMS)
RTK (OTF) Synchronized 1 cm + 1 ppm
(× baseline length)
2 cm + 1 ppm
(× baseline length)
Low Latency 2 cm + 2 ppm
(× baseline length)a
aDepends on radio link latency.
3 cm + 2 ppm
(× baseline length)a
L1 C/A Code
Phase
Synchronized/
Low Latency
.25 m + 1 ppm RMS .50 m + 1 ppm RMS
Static/
FastStatic
N/A 5 mm + 0.5 ppm
(× baseline length)
5 mm + 1 ppm
(× baseline length)
WAAS N/A Less than 5 mb
b3D RMS values depend on WAAS system performance.
Less than 5 mb
8 Specifications
82 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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8.4 Technical Specifications
Table 8.3 lists technical specifications for the Trimble R7.
Table 8.3 Technical specifications
Feature Specification
Tracking 24 Channels L1 C/A Code, L2C, L1/L2 Full Cycle
Carrier, WAAS/EGNOS support
Fully operational during P-code encryption
WAAS satellite tracking
Signal processing Maxwell V architecture
Very low-noise C/A code processing
Multipath suppression
Start-up Cold start: < 60 seconds from power on
Warm start: < 30 seconds with recent ephemeris
Initialization Automatic while moving or static
Minimum
initialization time
10 sec + 0.5 × baseline length (km)
Communications Three RS-232 serial ports (Port 1, Port 2, and Port 3)
Baud rates up to 115,200 bps
RTS/CTS flow control negotiation supported on Port 3
only
One USB port (download only)
Configuration Via user-definable application files or GPS
Configurator
Output formats NMEA-0183: AVR; GGA; GSA; GST; GSV;
PTNL,GGK; PTNL,GGK_SYNC; HDT; PTNL,PJK;
PTNL,PJT; ROT PTNL,VGK; VHD; VTG; ZDA
GSOF (Trimble Binary Streamed Output)
1PPS
RT17
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 83
CHAPTER
9
Default Settings 9
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QDefault Settings
QResetting to Factory Defaults
QExamples
9 Default Settings
84 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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9.1 Introduction
All Trimble R7 receiver settings are stored in application files. The
Default application file, Default.cfg, is stored permanently in the
receiver, and contains the factory default settings for the Trimble R7.
Whenever the receiver is reset to its factory defaults, the current
settings (stored in the Current application file, Current.cfg) are reset to
the values in the Default application file.
You cannot modify the Default application file. However, if there is a
Power Up application file (Power_Up.cfg) in the receiver, the settings
in this file can be applied immediately after the Default application
file, overriding the factory defaults.
For more information about application files, see Application Files,
page 55.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 85
Default Settings 9
Trimble R7 Operation
9.2 Default Settings
Table 9.1 shows the default settings for the Trimble R7 receiver, as
defined in the default application file.
Table 9.1 Default settings
Function Factory Default
SV Enable All SVs enabled
General Controls: Elevation mask 13°
PDOP mask 7
RTK positioning mode Low Latency
Motion Kinematic
Power Output 3 Disabled
1PPS time tags Off
ASCII time tags Off
Serial Port 1: Baud rate 38400
Format 8-None-1
Flow control None
Serial Port 2: Baud rate 38400
Format 8-None-1
Serial Port 3: Baud rate 38400
Format 8-None-1
Flow control None
Input Setup: Station Any
NMEA/ASCII (all messages) All Ports Off
Streamed output All Types Off
Offset = 00
RT17/Binary All Ports Off
CMR output [Static] CMR: cref ID 0000
RTCM output RTCM: Type 1 ID 0000
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86 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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9.3 Resetting to Factory Defaults
To reset the receiver to its factory defaults, as defined above, do one of
the following:
• Press and hold down p on the receiver for 15 seconds.
• In GPS Configurator, select Connect to Receiver and then click Reset
receiver in the General tab.
Reference position: Latitude 0°
Longitude 0°
Altitude 0.00 m HAE
Antenna: Type Unknown external
Height (true vertical) 0.00 m
Group All
Measurement method Bottom of antenna mount
Logging rate 15 sec
Position rate 5 min
Measurement rate 10 Hz
Table 9.1 Default settings (continued)
Function Factory Default
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 87
Default Settings 9
Trimble R7 Operation
9.4 Examples
The following examples show how the Trimble R7 uses the default
settings and special application files in various situations.
94.1 Default behavior
The factory defaults specified above are applied whenever you start
the receiver. If a Power Up file is present in the receiver, its settings
are applied immediately after the default settings, so you can use a
Power Up file to define your own set of defaults.
When you turn the receiver on and … then logging settings are … and logging …
it is the first time that the receiver has
been used
the factory defaults does not begin
automatically
you have reset the receiver to its factory
defaults
the factory defaults, or those
in the Power Up filea
aA factory default setting is only used if the setting is not defined in the Power Up file.
does not begin
automatically
you have performed a full reset the factory defaults, because
resetting deletes any Power
Up file
does not begin
automatically
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88 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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94.2 Power up settings
When you turn the receiver off, any changes that you have made to
logging settings are lost and these settings are returned to the factory
defaults. Other settings remain as defined in the Current file. The next
time you turn on the receiver, the receiver checks for a power up file
and, if one is present, applies the settings in this file.
When you use p to turn the receiver
off then on again and …
then logging
settings are …
and all other settings
are …
you changed the receiver settings by
applying an application file
the factory defaults the last settings used
you changed the receiver settings using
configuration software
the factory defaults the last settings used
there is a Power Up application file in the
receiver
the factory defaults, or
those in the Power Up
filea
aA factory default setting is used only if the setting is not defined in the Power Up file.
the last settings used, or
those in the Power Up
filea
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 89
Default Settings 9
Trimble R7 Operation
94.3 Logging after power loss
If the Trimble R7 loses power unexpectedly, when power is restored
the receiver tries to return to the state it was in immediately before the
power loss. The receiver does not reset itself to defaults or apply any
Power Up settings. If the receiver was logging when power was lost
unexpectedly, it resumes logging when power is restored.
However, when you switch the receiver off using p, the receiver
behaves as if you pressed d to stop logging before you pressed p.
In this case, when power is restored normally, logging does not begin
until you start it manually.
94.4 Disabling logging
You can disable logging by setting the receiver’s data logging and
position logging rates to Off. However, if you press d while logging
is disabled, the receiver will still log data, using the default logging
settings.
When the receiver is logging
data and then loses power …
then when power
is restored, data
logging …
and logging
settings are …
and all other
settings are …
unexpectedly resumes
automatically
the last settings
used
the last settings
used
when you press pdoes not resume the factory
defaults
the last settings
used
When you have disabled logging … then if you press d to start logging,
logging settings are …
using the Trimble Survey Controller or GPS
Configurator software
the factory defaults
in the Power Up application file the factory defaults
9 Default Settings
90 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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94.5 Application files
You can use application files to change the settings in the receiver.
Sending an application file to the receiver does not necessarily apply
the file’s settings; you can apply a file’s settings at any time after
sending it to the receiver. You can also define timed application files.
A timed application file contains receiver settings, but also includes a
date and time when it is automatically activated.
If there is a timed application file on the Trimble R7, the receiver
automatically applies the file’s settings and begins logging (if logging
settings are included in the file) at the specified time. If the receiver is
in Sleep mode, it wakes up five minutes before the start time of the
timed application file, and then begins logging, if required, at the
specified start time.
When you send an application file to
the receiver and …
then the receiver settings are changed …
you apply the file’s settings immediately as soon as you send the file to the receiver
you apply the file later as soon as you apply the file
it is a timed application file at the specified activation time
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 91
CHAPTER
10
Cables and Connectors 10
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QPort 1, 2, and 3 Connectors
QPower/serial Data Cable
QEvent/PPS Cable
QGPS Antennas and Cables
10 Cables and Connectors
92 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
10.1 Introduction
This chapter provides pinout information for the Trimble R7 receiver
standard and optional cables. This information can be used to build
special cables for connecting the Trimble R7 to devices and
instruments not supported by the standard and optional cables.
10.2 Port 1, 2, and 3 Connectors
Figure 10.1 shows the location of the Trimble R7 serial ports.
Figure 10.1 Trimble R7 serial ports
Port 1 Port 2 Port 3
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 93
Cables and Connectors 10
Trimble R7 Operation
Figure 10.2 gives pinout requirements for the connector labeled
Port 1. The pin locations for the Port 2 and Port 3 connectors are
identical.
Figure 10.2 Pinout connectors
Table 10.1 describes the pinout functionality.
Table 10.1 Trimble R7 port pinouts
Pin Pinout function
Port 1 (TSC1/TSCe
controller, event, or
computer)
Port 2 (Power in,
computer, PPS, or event)
Port 3 (External radio or
power in)
1 Signal GND Signal GND Signal GND
2GND GND GND
3 TX data out (TXD1) TX data out (TXD2) TX data out (TXD3)
4 RTS1 1PPS RTS3
5 CTS1/Event 2 Event 1 CTS3
6 Power Out (+) Power In (+) Power In/Out (+)
7 Serial data in (RXD1) Serial data in (RXD2) Serial data in (RXD3)
7
1
3
6
4
25
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94 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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10.3 Power/serial data cable
Table 10.2 gives pinout information for the power/serial data cable
(PN 32345), which is supplied with the Trimble R7.
Note – Table 10.2 assumes that the cable is attached to the connector
labeled Port 1 or Port 3.
Table 10.2 Power/serial data cable pinouts
Lemo 0-shell
connector
7 Pin
Direction DE9-F connector
7 Conductors
Power lead
2 Conductors
Pin Function Pin Color Function Color Function
1 Signal ground ↔5 Brown Signal ground
2GND →Black V-OUT
3TXD →2 Orange TXD
4RTS/TXD →8Blue RTS
5CTS/RXD ←7GreenCTS
6PWR ← Red Power IN (+)
7RXD ←3 Yellow TXD
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 95
Cables and Connectors 10
Trimble R7 Operation
10.4 Event Marker/1PPS Cable
The event marker/1PPS cable shown in Figure 10.3 provides a
breakout box with two BNC (female) connectors for providing 1PPS
input and event marker output.
Connect a device that accepts 1PPS output pulses to the BNC
connector labeled 1PPS on the breakout box. Connect a device that
outputs event marker pulses to the Trimble R7, such as a
photogrammetric camera, to the BNC connector labeled Event Marker
on the breakout box.
Figure 10.3 Event marker/1PPS cable
In addition, the breakout box includes a Lemo 7-pin connector to
extend serial communications and/or power on Port 2. Because the
BNC connectors are used to service the event marker and 1PPS
features, pins 4 (1PPS) and 5 (Event Marker) are inactive on the Lemo
connector.
P4
P3
P1
P2
(Event marker)
(1PPS out)
(To Port 2)
(Port 2 extension)
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For Port 2 pinouts, see Port 1, 2, and 3 Connectors, page 92. For more
information on 1PPS input and event marker output, see Chapter 11,
Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output.
Table 10.3 gives pinout information for the event marker/1PPS cable
which is supplied with the Trimble R7. The event marker/1PPS cable
is only used with the Trimble R7 connectors labeled Port 1 (for event
marker output) and Port 2.
Table 10.3 Event marker/1PPS cable pinouts
P1: Lemo 7-Pin
Port 2 Trimble R7
Direction P2: BNC-F
connector
(1PPS)
P3: BNC-F
connector
(Event marker)
P4: Lemo 7s
Port 2 extension
Pin Trimble R7
function
Pin Pin Pin Function
1 Signal ground ←1 Signal ground
2GND →GND GND 2 GND
3 Serial data out
(TXD2)
←3 Serial data in
(TXD2)
4 1PPS ←Center pin 4 No Connect
5Event Marker ↔Center pin 5 No Connect
6 Power IN (+) →6 Power IN (+)
7 Serial data in
(RXD2)
←7 Serial data out
(RXD2)
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 97
Cables and Connectors 10
Trimble R7 Operation
10.5 GPS Antennas and Cables
The antenna that a receiver uses to collect satellite signals is
sometimes called a GPS antenna to distinguish it from a radio antenna.
Radio antennas are used for communication between receivers and
external networks or systems.
Note – Older models of antennas, such as Choke Ring or
Micro-Centered L1/L2, have different power requirements. The
Trimble R7 can adjust the antenna power output when you designate
the appropriate antenna in GPS Configurator. For more information,
see Antennas, page 35.
Connect the receiver to its GPS antenna using the yellow TNC
connector. Use a coaxial cable with a right-angle TNC plug at the
antenna end.
If the antenna cable length is … use …
up to 15 meters (45 feet) RG-58 cable
up to 30 meters (100 feet) RG-214 cable
over 30 meters (100 feet) one of the following:
• in-line amplifier
• semi-rigid coaxial cable
• a low-loss cable assembly
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98 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 99
CHAPTER
11
Event Marker Input and 1PPS
Output 11
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QEvent Marker Input
Q1PPS Output
11 Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output
100 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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11.1 Introduction
The Trimble R7 receiver can accept event marker input on Port 1 and
Port 2, and can generate 1PPS output on Port 2.
11.2 Event Marker Input
Event marker input is used to log a precise GPS time tag whenever an
externally generated pulse, such as one generated at the time of the
shutter closing from a photogrammetric camera, is received.
The event is triggered when the source pulse voltage transitions
between 1.0 V DC and 2.0 V DC in less than 100 nsec. Trimble
recommends that you use TTL level inputs. You can configure the
receiver to recognize either a positive (rising) or negative (falling)
voltage as the leading edge of a pulse. The accuracy of the associated
time tag recorded for an event is determined by the GPS accuracy
(typically less than 1 µsec.).
The Trimble R7 records each event in the current data file. This record
includes the port on which the event was received.
112.1 Enabling and configuring event marker input
To enable or configure the event marker input function, you need the
GPS Configurator software.
In real time
You can use GPS Configurator to configure a Trimble GPS receiver
connected to your office computer. For more information, see GPS
Configurator Software, page 70, or refer to the GPS Configurator
Help.
To enable event marker input:
1. Connect the computer to the Trimble R7 receiver.
2. Press p to turn on the receiver.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 101
Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output 11
Trimble R7 Operation
3. To start GPS Configurator, click , then select
Programs /Trimble /GPS Configurator /GPS Configurator.
The GPS Configurator dialog appears and the software
automatically connects to the Trimble R7 receiver.
4. In the General tab, select the Event marker check box.
5. Select the appropriate option, Positive slope or Negative slope,
depending on the type of pulse the external device uses.
6. Click Apply.
GPS Configurator sends the new configuration information to
the receiver, and the receiver starts to accept event marker input.
7. Click OK to exit GPS Configurator.
The software disconnects from the receiver.
11 Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output
102 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
11.1 1PPS Output
The Trimble R7 receiver can output a one pulse per second (1PPS)
time strobe with an associated ASCII time tag output. The pulse is
output through Port 2 of the receiver using the event marker/1PPS
cable.
111.1 1PPS pulse definition
The leading edge of the pulse coincides with the beginning of each
UTC second, as shown in Figure 11.1. The pulse is driven by an
RS-422 driver between nominal levels of 0 V and 4 V. The leading
edge is positive, rising from 0 V to 4 V.
Figure 11.1 Time tag relation to 1PPS wave form
0V
4V
Seconds
Time tag output here Time tag applies here
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 103
Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output 11
Trimble R7 Operation
The pulse is approximately 8 µsec wide, with rise and fall times of
about 100 nsec. Resolution is approximately 40 nsec, but several
external factors limit accuracy to approximately ±1 µsec:
• Position errors, especially with user-entered reference. Each
meter of error can result in 3 nsec of error in the 1PPS pulse.
• Antenna cable length. Each meter of cable adds a delay of about
2 nsec to satellite signals, and a corresponding delay in the
1PPS pulse.
111.2 ASCII time tag definition
Each time tag is output about 0.5 second before the corresponding
pulse, as shown in Figure 11.1. Time tags are in ASCII format on a
user-selected serial port. The format of a time tag is:
UTC yy.mm.dd hh:mm:ss ab
Where:
•UTC is fixed text.
•yy.mm.dd is the year, month, and date.
•hh:mm:ss is the hour (on a 24-hour clock), minute, and second.
The time is in UTC, not GPS time.
•a is the position-fix type:
1 = 2D Position Fix for E,N only
2 = 3D Position Fix
3 = Single SV Clock-only fix
4 = Automatic Mode
5 = Reference Station Position
6 = Two-Dimensional with Fixed Clock
7 = Overdetermined solution for Clock-only
•b is the number of satellites being tracked: 1 to 9, “:” (for 10),
“;” (for 11), or “<” (for 12).
• Each time tag is terminated by a carriage return, line feed
sequence.
11 Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output
104 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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A typical printout looks like this:
UTC 93.12.21 20:21:16 56
UTC 93.12.21 20:21:17 56
UTC 93.12.21 20:21:18 56
If a and b are ??, the time is based on the receiver clock because the
receiver is not tracking satellites. The receiver clock is less accurate
than time readings extracted from satellite signals.
111.3 Enabling and configuring 1PPS output
To enable or configure the 1PPS output function, you need the GPS
Configurator software.
In real time
You can use GPS Configurator to configure a Trimble GPS receiver
connected to your office computer. For more information, see GPS
Configurator Software, page 70, or refer to the GPS Configurator
Help.
To enable 1PPS output:
1. Connect the computer to the Trimble R7 receiver.
2. Turn on the receiver.
3. To start GPS Configurator, click , then select
Programs /Trimble /GPS Configurator /GPS Configurator.
The GPS Configurator dialog appears and the software
automatically connects to the receiver.
4. Select the Serial outputs tab.
5. Select the 1PPS (port 2 only) check box.
6. If you want ASCII time tags enabled, select the check box and
choose an output port.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 105
Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output 11
Trimble R7 Operation
7. Click Apply.
GPS Configurator sends the new configuration information to
the receiver, and the receiver starts to generate 1PPS output on
Port 2.
8. Click OK to exit GPS Configurator.
The software disconnects from the receiver.
11 Event Marker Input and 1PPS Output
106 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 Operation
SECTION
II
ITRIMBLE R8 GPS RECEIVER
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 109
CHAPTER
12
Overview 12
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QFeatures
QUse and Care
QCOCOM Limits
12 Overview
110 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R8 Operation
12.1 Introduction
This chapter introduces the Trimble R8 GPS receiver. This receiver is
designed for GPS surveying applications. The receiver incorporates a
GPS antenna, receiver, internal radio with a transmit option or an
internal GSM module, and battery in a rugged light-weight unit that is
ideally suited as an all-on-the-pole RTK rover. Three LEDs allow you
to monitor the satellite tracking, radio reception, data logging status,
and power. Bluetooth® wireless technology provides cable-free
communications between receiver and controller. The Trimble R8
receiver provides 24 total channels of L1/L2 satellite tracking, and
supports logging of raw GPS observables to the handheld controller
for post-processed applications.
The Trimble R8 is available as a standalone rover, base station, or as
part of the GPS Total Station® system, offering maximum versatility
in the system configuration to meet your specific requirements.
12.2 Features
The receiver provides the following features:
• Trimble R-track technology, which allows the receiver to track
the L2 Civil signal (L2C)
•Centimeter-accuracy, real-time positioning with RTK/OTF data,
up to 10 Hz position updates
• Submeter-accuracy, real-time positioning using pseudorange
corrections
• Adaptive dual-frequency RTK engine
• WAAS/EGNOS capability
• Automatic OTF (on-the-fly) initialization while moving
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 111
Overview 12
Trimble R8 Operation
• Single Lithium-ion rechargeable battery
• Cable-free Bluetooth communications with the Trimble
Attachable Control Unit (ACU), or TSCe™ with Bluecap
module
• Two RS-232 serial ports for:
–NMEA output
– RTCM SC-104 input and output
– Trimble Format (CMR & CMR Plus) input and output
• One TNC radio antenna connector
• 6 MB internal memory for data storage
• Internal 450 MHz radio with a transmit option or GSM module
12 Overview
112 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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12.3 Use and Care
The Trimble R8 receiver is designed to withstand the rough treatment
that typically occurs in the field. However, the receiver is a
high-precision electronic instrument and should be treated with
reasonable care.
CWARNING – Operating or storing the Trimble R8 receiver outside the
specified temperature range can damage it. For more information, see
Chapter 17, Specifications.
High-power signals from a nearby radio or radar transmitter can
overwhelm the receiver circuits. This does not harm the instrument,
but it can prevent the receiver electronics from functioning correctly.
Avoid using the receiver within 400 meters of powerful radar,
television, or other transmitters. Low-power transmitters such as those
used in cellphones and two-way radios normally do not interfere with
receiver operations.
For more information, contact your local Trimble distributor.
12.4 COCOM Limits
The U.S. Department of Commerce requires that all exportable GPS
products contain performance limitations so that they cannot be used
in a manner that could threaten the security of the United States. The
following limitations are implemented on the Trimble R8 receiver.
Immediate access to satellite measurements and navigation results is
disabled when the receiver’s velocity is computed to be greater than
1000 knots, or its altitude is computed to be above 18,000 meters. The
receiver continuously resets until the COCOM situation is cleared.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 113
CHAPTER
13
Setting up the Receiver 13
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QParts of the Receiver
QSetup Guidelines
QPole-mounted Setup
QOther System Components
13 Setting up the Receiver
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13.1 Introduction
This chapter provides general information on setup, connection, and
cabling for the Trimble R8 receiver.
13.2 Parts of the Receiver
All operating controls on the Trimble R8 receiver are located on the
front panel. Serial ports and connectors are located on the bottom of
the unit.
132.1 Front panel
Figure 13.1 shows a front view of the Trimble R8 receiver. The front
panel contains the three indicator LEDs, and the power button.
Figure 13.1 Trimble R8 receiver front panel
The power button controls the receiver’s power on or off functions.
The indicator LEDs show the status of power, satellite tracking, and
radio reception. For more information, see LED Behavior, page 125.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 115
Setting up the Receiver 13
Trimble R8 Operation
132.2 Lower housing
Figure 13.2 shows the lower housing of the Trimble R8 receiver. The
lower housing contains the two serial ports, one TNC radio antenna or
GSM antenna connector (depending on the internal communication
module ordered), the removable battery compartment and the 5/8-11
threaded insert.
Figure 13.2 Trimble R8 lower housing
Port 1
Port 2
Radio
antenna
connection
13 Setting up the Receiver
116 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R8 Operation
Each port or connector on the Trimble R8 receiver is marked with an
icon to indicate its main function, as shown in Table 13.1.
Port 1 is a 7-pin 0-shell LEMO connector that supports RS-232
comms and external power input. Port 1 has no power outputs.
Port 2 is a DB-9 male connector that allows for full 9-pin RS-232
comms. Port 2 does not support power in or out. For more information
on default port settings, see Chapter 18, Default Settings. For more
information on connector pinouts, see Chapter 19, Cables and
Connectors.
The TNC connector is for connecting a radio antenna to the
Trimble R8 internal radio. A whip “rubber duck” antenna is supplied
with the system for units with internal UHF or 900 MHz radios. This
connector is not used if you are using an external UHF radio or GSM.
External UHF or GSM antenna
Depending on which module you have purchased, use this TNC
connection for an external antenna to enhance the UHF or GSM.
The UHF antenna is approximately 16.5 cm (6.5 inches) long, and
round. The GSM antenna is approximately 16.5 cm (6.5 inches), and
flatter than the UHF antenna. Make sure that you use the correct
antenna or the signal will be degraded.
For more information on connecting the Trimble R8, see the following
sections in this chapter.
Table 13.1 Trimble R8 receiver ports
Icon Name Connections
Port 1 Device, computer, external radio, power in
Port 2 Device, computer, external radio
RADIO Radio communications antenna
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 117
Setting up the Receiver 13
Trimble R8 Operation
13.3 Setup Guidelines
Consider the following guidelines when setting up the Trimble R8
receiver.
CCaution – You must maintain a minimum separation distance of 20 cm
(approximately 8 in.) between yourself and the radiating GSM antenna for
this device to satisfy the RF Exposure requirements of the FCC.
For mobile operation, the maximum gain of the GSM antenna must not
exceed 0 dBi.
133.1 Environmental conditions
Although the Trimble R8 receiver has a waterproof housing,
reasonable care should be taken to protect the unit. Avoid exposure to
extreme environmental conditions, including:
• Water
• Heat greater than 65 °C (149 °F)
• Cold less than –40 °C (–40 °F)
• Corrosive fluids and gases
133.2 Sources of electrical interference
Avoid the following sources of electrical and magnetic noise:
• Gasoline engines (spark plugs)
• Televisions and PC monitors
• Alternators and generators
• Electric motors
• Equipment with DC-to-AC converters
• Fluorescent lights
• Switching power supplies
13 Setting up the Receiver
118 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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133.3 General guidelines
The following guidelines apply whenever you set up your receiver for
operation:
• When plugging in a Lemo cable, make sure that the red dots on
the receiver port and the cable connector line up. Never use
force to plug cables in, as this may damage the connector pins.
• When disconnecting a Lemo cable, grasp the cable by the
sliding collar or lanyard and pull the cable connector straight
out of the port. Do not twist the connector or pull on the cable
itself.
• To securely connect a TNC cable, align the cable connector
with the receiver receptacle, then thread the cable connector
onto the receptacle until it is snug.
• To insert the internal battery place the battery in the battery
compartment, ensuring that the contact points are in the correct
position to align with the contacts in the receiver. Slide the
battery and compartment as a unit upward into the receiver until
the battery compartment latches are locked into position.
13.4 Pole-Mounted Setup
Figure 13.3 shows the pole-mounted setup for the Trimble R8
receiver. To mount the receiver on a range pole:
1. Thread the unit onto the range pole.
2. Attach the controller bracket to the pole.
3. Insert the controller into the bracket.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 119
Setting up the Receiver 13
Trimble R8 Operation
4. If using the TSC1™, connect the data-i/o cable from Port 1 of
the receiver to a port on the TSC1. If using the Trimble ACU, or
TSCe with Bluecap module, no cabling is required, as shown in
Figure 13.3.
Figure 13.3 Trimble R8 receiver pole-mounted setup
13.1 Other System Components
This section describes optional components that you can use with the
Trimble R8 receiver.
131.1 Radios
Radios are the most common data link for Real-Time Kinematic
(RTK) surveying. The Trimble R8 is available with an optional
internal radio in the 450 or 900 MHz UHF band, or with an internal
GSM module. You can also connect an external radio to either port,
whether the internal radio is installed or not.
F
F
Trimble R8 GPS Receiver
ACU controller
13 Setting up the Receiver
120 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R8 Operation
The Trimble R8 receiver supports the following Trimble base radios
with the internal 450 MHz or 900 MHz UHF radios:
•TRIMMARK™ 3
• TRIMMARK IIe
• TRIMTALK™ 450S
• SiteNet™ 450
• SiteNet 900
• Trimble R8 internal 450 transmitter
Internal GSM setup
You can configure the receiver optional internal GSM Module using
the following software:
• Trimble Survey Controller
For more information, refer to the Trimble Survey Controller User
Guide.
Internal radio setup
You can configure the receiver optional internal radio using any of the
following software:
• GPS Configurator
• WinFlash
• Trimble Survey Controller™
For more information, refer to the GPS Configurator Help, the
WinFlash Help, or the Trimble Survey Controller User Guide.
By default, the internal radio has only a few “test” frequencies
installed at the factory. If you purchased the transmit option, the
broadcast frequencies must be programmed at the factory. You can
program the receive frequncies using WinFlash. For more information,
see WinFlash Software, page 141.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 121
Setting up the Receiver 13
Trimble R8 Operation
131.2 Cellular modems and external radios
For a data communications link, you can use an internal or external
radio, or an internal or external cellular modem.
To connect an external cellular modem to a Trimble R8 receiver, you
need the following:
• A Trimble R8 receiver.
• A cellular modem, or a cellphone that can transmit and receive
data.
• Serial (cellphone to DB9) cable (supplied with the cellular
modem or phone).
Note – For more information, refer to the document Using
Cellular and CDPD Modems for RTK, which is available from
the Trimble website.
• Port 2 of the Trimble R8 supports full RS-232 protocol, and
should function properly with most cellular phone cables. Some
cellular units may require custom cabling.
Alternatively, the Trimble R8 also supports a cable-free
Bluetooth connection with Bluetooth enabled cell phones.
For more information on using an external cellular modem as a data
link, refer to the Trimble Survey Controller User Guide.
To connect an external radio modem to a Trimble R8 receiver, you
need the following:
• A Trimble R8 Receiver.
• An external radio capable of receiving and decoding Trimble
data packets.
• Serial cable for either Port 1 or Port 2 of the Trimble R8, as
supplied by the radio manufacturer.
• Radio mount for the range pole.
13 Setting up the Receiver
122 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 123
CHAPTER
14
General Operation 14
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QButton Functions
QLED Behavior
QStarting and Stopping the Receiver
QLogging Data
QResetting to Defaults
QBatteries and Power
14 General Operation
124 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R8 Operation
14.1 Introduction
Figure 14.1 shows the Trimble R8 receiver front panel controls for the
power on/off functions, or receiver reset. The LEDs provide power,
radio, data logging, and SV tracking status information.
Figure 14.1 Controls and LEDs on front panel of the Trimble R8 receiver
F
Power button
SV Tracking
Radio
Power/Data status
LEDs
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 125
General Operation 14
Trimble R8 Operation
14.2 Button Functions
The Trimble R8 receiver has only one button, the Power button,
represented in this manual by p. Use p to switch the receiver on or
off, and to perform other functions, as described in Table 14.1.
Note – The term “press” indicates that you should press the button
and release it immediately. The term “hold” indicates that you should
press the button and hold it down until the time indicated has elapsed.
14.3 LED Behavior
The three LEDs on the front panel of the receiver indicate various
operating conditions. Generally, a lit or slowly flashing LED indicates
normal operation, a LED that is flashing quickly indicates a condition
that may require attention, and an unlit LED indicates that no
operation is occurring. The following table defines each possible LED
state.
Table 14.1 Power button functions
Action Power button
Turn the receiver on Press
Turn the receiver off Hold for 2 seconds
Delete the ephemeris file Hold for 15 seconds
Reset the receiver to factory defaults Hold for 15 seconds
Delete application files Hold for 30 seconds
The term … means that the LED …
Slow flash alternates on/off for 500 milliseconds.
Fast flash alternates rapidly on/off for 100 milliseconds
On is lit steady
Off is unlit
14 General Operation
126 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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143.1 LED flash patterns
The following table details the possible flash patterns to indicate
various states of receiver operation.
Note – If a column shows “N/A”, that specific LED may or may not be
on, but it is not relevant to that particular mode.
14.4 Starting and Stopping the Receiver
To turn on the receiver, press p.
To turn off the receiver, hold down p for two seconds.
Receiver mode Power LED
Green
Radio LED
Green
Satellite LED
Amber
Receiver OFF OFF OFF OFF
Receiver ON:
Healthy power ON N/A N/A
Low power Fast flash N/A N/A
Tracking <4 SVs ON N/A Fast flash
Tracking >4 SVs ON N/A Slow flash
Logging data
internally
Flashes off
every 3
seconds
N/A N/A
Transmitting internally N/A Flashes off when
transmitting
N/A
Receiving valid data
packets
ON Slow flash N/A
No data packets ON OFF N/A
Receiver in Monitor ON Slow flash ON
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 127
General Operation 14
Trimble R8 Operation
14.5 Logging Data
You can log data internally or to a Trimble controller.
145.1 Logging internally
The Trimble R8 receiver logs GPS data internally on 6 MB of internal
memory.
You can then use the Trimble Data Transfer utility to transfer logged
data files to the office computer. The transferred files are in Trimble
DAT (.dat) format.
CWARNING – The Trimble R8 allows for a maximum of 200 files on the
internal memory. The filenames must be in 8.3 format, otherwise files
copied to the internal memory may cause data corruption or loss of data
when logging.
Data is logged using the current logging settings configured in the
receiver. Data files logged internally are named automatically.
To begin internal logging, you must use a Trimble controller, or the
GPS Configurator utility. The Trimble R8 receiver does not have an
internal clock, so you can only conduct timed survey sessions if the
receiver has a continuous power supply.
When the internal memory is full, the receiver stops logging data, and
the Logging/Memory LED switches off. Existing data files are not
overwritten. You can use the Auto-delete option to override this action
and automatically delete the oldest files when the receiver memory is
full. However, you should use this option with caution because it can
lead to data loss.
14 General Operation
128 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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Table 14.2 shows approximate storage requirements for different
logging rates. The values shown are for a one-hour logging session
with six satellites visible.
145.2 Logging to a Trimble controller
When the Trimble R8 receiver is connected to a Trimble controller,
you can log GPS data from the receiver to the controller, or to a PC
card inserted in the controller. When you use a Trimble controller, you
do not use the receiver’s controls. Instead, you use the controller
functions to set logging options, specify filenames, and control when
logging occurs.
Data is stored in job files, which can be transferred to your office
computer using Trimble’s Data Transfer utility.
For more information on logging data from a receiver using a Trimble
controller refer to the user guide for your particular controller.
14.6 Resetting to Defaults
To reset the receiver to its factory default settings, hold down p for at
least 15 seconds.
For more information, see Default Settings, page 159.
Table 14.2 Storage requirements
Logging rate Memory required
10 Hz 2,588 KB
1Hz 335 KB
5 seconds 87 KB
15 seconds 37 KB
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 129
General Operation 14
Trimble R8 Operation
14.7 Batteries and Power
CWARNING – Do not damage the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery. A
damaged battery can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in
personal injury and/or property damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– Do not use or charge the battery if it appears to be damaged. Signs of
damage include, but are not limited to, discoloration, warping, and leaking
battery fluid.
– Do not expose the battery to fire, high temperature, or direct sunlight.
– Do not immerse the battery in water.
– Do not use or store the battery inside a vehicle during hot weather.
– Do not drop or puncture the battery.
– Do not open the battery or short-circuit its contacts.
The Trimble R8 receiver can be powered by its internal battery or by
an external power source connected to Port 1. Typically, one internal
2.0 ampere-hour battery provides approximately 5.5 hours of
operation during an RTK survey using the internal radio in rover mode
and approximately 3.5 hours of operation as an RTK base (this varies
according to temperature and wireless data rate).
If an external power source is connected to Port 1 it is used in
preference to the internal battery. When there is no external power
source connected, or if the external power supply fails, the internal
battery is used.
WARNING – Avoid contact with the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery if it
appears to be leaking. Battery fluid is corrosive, and contact with it can
result in personal injury and/or property damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– If the battery leaks, avoid contact with the battery fluid.
– If battery fluid gets into your eyes, immediately rinse your eyes with
clean water and seek medical attention. Do not rub your eyes!
– If battery fluid gets onto your skin or clothing, immediately use clean
water to wash off the battery fluid.
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130 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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The receiver is supplied with two rechargeable Lithium-ion batteries,
and a dual battery charger. The two batteries charge sequentially and
take approximately four hours each to fully charge.
147.1 Battery charging and storage
All battery types discharge over time when they are not being used.
Batteries also discharge faster in colder temperatures. If a Lithium-ion
battery is to be stored for long periods of time, make sure it is fully
charged before storing and re-charged at least every three months.
CWARNING – Charge and use the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery only in
strict accordance with the instructions. Charging or using the battery in
unauthorized equipment can cause an explosion or fire, and can result in
personal injury and/or equipment damage.
To prevent injury or damage:
– Do not charge or use the battery if it appears to be damaged or leaking.
– Charge the Lithium-ion battery only in a Trimble product that is specified
to charge it. Be sure to follow all instructions that are provided with the
battery charger.
– Discontinue charging a battery that gives off extreme heat or a burning
odor.
– Use the battery only in Trimble equipment that is specified to use it.
– Use the battery only for its intended use and according to the
instructions in the product documentation.
Charging the Lithium-ion battery
The rechargeable Lithium-ion battery is supplied partially charged.
Charge the battery completely before using it for the first time. If the
battery has been stored for longer than six months, charge it before
use.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 131
General Operation 14
Trimble R8 Operation
To protect the battery from deep discharge (5 volts or less), the
Trimble R8 system is designed to switch batteries or cease drawing
power when the battery pack discharges to 5.9 volts.
A battery that has reached the deep discharge level cannot be
recharged and must be replaced. The following recommendations
provide optimal performance and extend the life of your batteries:
• Fully charge all new batteries prior to use.
• Do not allow the batteries to discharge below 5 volts.
• Keep all batteries on continuous charge when not in use.
Batteries may be kept on charge indefinitely without damage to
the receiver or batteries.
• Do not store batteries in the receiver or external charger unless
power is applied.
• If you must store the batteries, fully charge them before storing
and then recharge them at least every three months.
Disposing of the rechargeable Lithium-ion battery
Discharge the Lithium-ion battery before disposing of it. When
disposing of the battery, be sure to do so in an environmentally
sensitive manner. Adhere to any local and national regulations
concerning battery disposal or recycling.
147.2 Power output
The Trimble R8 receiver does not supply power from either of its two
ports.
147.3 Firmware
A receiver’s firmware is the program inside the receiver that controls
receiver operations and hardware. You can upgrade the firmware for
the Trimble R8 receiver using the WinFlash utility provided on the
Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receivers CD.
14 General Operation
132 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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For more information, see WinFlash Software, page 141.
CWARNING – Upgrading the firmware deletes all application files on the
receiver.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 133
CHAPTER
15
Configuration 15
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QConfiguring the Receiver in Real Time
QConfiguring the Receiver Using Application Files
QApplication Files
15 Configuration
134 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R8 Operation
15.1 Introduction
The Trimble R8 receiver has no controls for changing settings. To
configure the receiver, use external software such as GPS
Configurator, WinFlash, or Trimble Survey Controller.
There are two ways to configure the receiver. You can:
• configure the receiver in real time
• apply the settings in an application file
This chapter provides a brief overview of each of these methods and
describes the contents and use of application files.
15.2 Configuring the Receiver in Real Time
GPS Configurator and Trimble Survey Controller support real-time
configuration of the Trimble R8 receiver.
When you configure the receiver in real time, you use one of these
software applications to specify which settings you want to change.
When you apply the changes, the receiver settings change
immediately.
Any changes that you apply to the receiver are reflected in the current
application file, which is always present in the receiver. The current
application file always records the most recent configuration, so if you
apply further changes (either in real time or using an application file)
the current file is updated and there is no record of the changes that
you applied originally.
For more information on configuring the receiver in real time, see
Chapter 16, Software Utilities.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 135
Configuration 15
Trimble R8 Operation
15.3 Configuring the Receiver Using Application Files
An application file contains information for configuring a receiver. To
configure a receiver using an application file, you need to create the
application file, transfer it to the receiver, and then apply the file’s
settings. GPS Configurator does this for you automatically when you
work with configuration files.
For more information on applying application files, see Chapter 16,
Software Utilities.
15.4 Application Files
An application file is organized into records. Each record stores
configuration information for a particular area of receiver operation.
Application files can include the following records:
• File Storage
• General Controls
• Serial Port Baud/Format
• Reference Position
• Logging Rate
• SV Enable/Disable
•Output Message
• Antenna
• Device Control
• Static/Kinematic
• Input Message
An application file does not have to contain all of these records. When
you apply an application file, any option that is not included in the
records in the file remains at its current setting. For example, if you
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136 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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apply an application file that only specifies the elevation mask to use,
all other settings remain as they were before the application file was
applied.
You can store up to twenty different application files in the receiver.
You can apply an application file’s settings at the time it is transferred
to the receiver, or at any time afterwards.
154.1 Special application files
The Trimble R8 receiver has three special application files, which
control important aspects of the receiver’s configuration.
Default application file
The default application file (Default.cfg) contains the original receiver
configuration, and cannot be changed. This file configures the receiver
after it is reset. You can reset the receiver by holding down p for at
least 15 seconds, or by using the reset option in GPS Configurator.
For more information on the default receiver settings, see Default
Settings, page 159.
Although you cannot change or delete the default application file, you
can use a power up application file to override any or all of the default
settings.
Current application file
The current application file (Current.cfg) reflects the current receiver
configuration. Whenever you change the receiver’s configuration,
either in real time or by applying an application file, the current file
changes to match the new configuration.
You cannot delete the current file or change it directly, but every
change to the receiver’s current configuration is applied to the current
file as well.
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Configuration 15
Trimble R8 Operation
When you switch off the receiver then turn it on again, all the settings
from the current application file are applied, so you do not lose any
changes that you have made. The only exceptions are the following
logging parameters:
• Logging rate
• Position rate
• Elevation mask
These parameters are always reset to the factory default values
whenever the receiver is switched off.
Power Up application file
The power up application file (Power_up.cfg) is used to set the
receiver to a specific configuration any time the unit is powered up.
You can specify that the receiver is reset to defaults before the power
up settings are applied. This ensures that restarting the receiver always
resets it to factory defaults prior to applying the power up application
file.
Alternatively, you can specify that the power up settings are applied
immediately after the current application file’s settings have been
applied. Restarting the receiver results in a configuration that uses
your default settings for the options you define in the power up file,
but the current settings for all other options.
By default, there is no POWER_UP application file on the receiver. To
use a power up application file, you must create and save a
POWER_UP application file in GPS Configurator. If you save this file
to disk, the file is called Power_up.cfg. The extension .cfg is used by
convention to identify application files on the office computer. When
you transfer this file to the receiver, the file is saved on the receiver as
POWER_UP, and becomes the new power up file.
The power up file is the only special application file that you can
overwrite or delete from the receiver.
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154.2 Applying application files
An application file’s settings do not affect the receiver’s configuration
until you apply the application file. You can do this at the same time
that you save the file. Alternatively, you can save the file on the
computer or in the receiver, then open it later and apply its settings.
154.3 Storing application files
You can store application files that you create in GPS Configurator on
the receiver and on the computer. For example, each file can represent
a different user sharing the same receiver, or a particular mode of
operation or survey style. Saving application files on your computer as
well as in your receiver is optional, but it is useful because:
• it gives you a permanent copy of the settings you have sent to a
receiver, for audit or your own reference.
• you can use the same file to configure multiple receivers
identically.
• you can use an existing application file as a template for
creating other application files with similar settings.
154.4 Naming application files
The application filename in the office computer and in the receiver are
always the same. This makes it easier to recognize and keep track of
your application files.
When you change the name of the application file in the receiver, this
changes the application filename on your computer. When you
transfer an application file from the receiver and save it to the
computer, the system renames the file to match the internal receiver
file. However, if you use Windows Explorer, for example, to change
the .cfg filename on the computer, this does not change the internal
receiver filename. This means that the GPS receiver does not
recognize the change to the filename on the computer.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 139
CHAPTER
16
Software Utilities 16
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QGPS Configurator Software
QWinFlash Software
16 Software Utilities
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16.1 Introduction
This chapter provides information on the software utilities that you
can use with the Trimble R8 receiver.
16.2 GPS Configurator Software
GPS Configurator is office software that configures selected Trimble
GPS receivers.
GPS Configurator lets you:
• edit and save configuration files to the receiver and the
computer
• check current receiver settings and operation
• configure receiver settings with your office computer
162.1 Installing GPS Configurator
A copy of GPS Configurator is included on the Trimble R7,
Trimble R8, 5700, and 5800 GPS Receivers CD.
To install the software:
1. Insert the CD into the CD drive on your computer.
2. From the main menu select Install individual software
packages.
3. Select Install GPS Configurator vX.XX.
4. Follow the onscreen instructions.
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Software Utilities 16
Trimble R8 Operation
160.1 Configuring the Trimble R8 receiver
To configure a Trimble R8 receiver using GPS Configurator:
1. Connect Port 1 or 2 on the receiver to a serial (COM) port on
the computer and apply power.
2. To start GPS Configurator, click , then select
Programs /Trimble /GPS Configurator /GPS Configurator.
3. Select Trimble R8 in the Device Type dialog.
The software automatically establishes a connection with the
receiver.
4. Make appropriate selections for your required receiver settings.
For more information, refer to the GPS Configurator Help.
5. Click Apply.
The settings in GPS Configurator are applied to the receiver.
16.1 WinFlash Software
WinFlash communicates with Trimble products to perform various
functions including:
• installing software, firmware, and option upgrades
• running diagnostics (for example, retrieving configuration
information)
• configuring radios
For more information, online help is also available when using
WinFlash.
Note – WinFlash runs on Microsoft Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, Me, or
XP operating systems.
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161.1 Installing WinFlash
WinFlash can be installed from the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and
5800 GPS Receivers CD, or from the Trimble website.
Installing WinFlash from the CD
1. Insert the disk into the CD drive on your computer.
2. From the main menu select Install individual software
packages.
3. Select Install WinFlash vX.XX with Trimble R8 drivers and
firmware.
4. Follow the on-screen instructions.
160.1 Upgrading firmware
Your Trimble R8 receiver is supplied with the latest version of receiver
firmware installed. If a later version becomes available, upgrade the
firmware installed on your receiver.
WinFlash guides you through the firmware upgrade process. The steps
required are described below. For more information, refer to the
WinFlash Help.
To upgrade the Trimble R8 receiver firmware:
1. Start WinFlash.
The Device Configuration screen appears.
2. From the Device type list select Trimble R8 Receiver.
3. From the PC serial port field select the serial (COM) port on
the computer that the receiver is connected to.
4. Click Next.
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The Operation Selection screen appears. The Operations list
shows all of the supported operations for the selected device. A
description of the selected operation is shown in the Description
field.
5. Select GPS software upgrade and click Next.
The GPS Software Selection window appears. This screen
prompts you to select the software that you want to install on
the receiver.
6. Select the latest version from the Available Software list and
click Next.
The Settings Review window appears. This screen prompts you
to connect the receiver, suggests a connection method, and then
lists the receiver configuration and selected operation.
7. If all is correct, click Finish.
Based on the selections shown above, the Software Upgrade
window appears and shows the status of the operation (for
example, Establishing communication with the Trimble R8. Please wait ...)
8. Click OK.
The Software Upgrade window appears again and states that the
operation was completed successfully.
9. Click Menu to select another operation, or click Exit to quit
WinFlash.
10. If you click Exit, another screen appears asking you to confirm
that you want to quit WinFlash. Click OK.
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160.1 Adding frequencies for the 450 MHz internal radio
If your Trimble R8 receiver has the optional internal 450 MHz radio
installed, you must use WinFlash to add receiving frequencies to the
default list. If you purchased the transmit option, the broadcast
frequencies must be programmed at the factory.
To add radio receiving frequencies:
1. Start WinFlash.
The Device Configuration screen appears.
2. From the Device type list select Trimble R8 Receiver.
3. From the PC serial port field select the serial (COM) port on
the computer that the receiver is connected to.
4. Click Next.
The Operation Selection screen appears. The Operations list
shows all of the supported operations for the selected device. A
description of the selected operation is shown in the Description
field.
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5. Select Configure Radio and click Next.
The Frequency Selection window appears:
6. In the Wireless Format group, select the appropriate channel and
wireless mode. The Wireless Mode must be the same for all
radios in your network.
7. In the Specify Frequency field, enter the frequency you require.
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8. Click Add. The new frequency appears in the Selected
Frequencies list.
Note – The frequencies that you program must conform to the
channel spacing and minimum tuning requirements for the
radio. To view this information, click Radio Info. You may
select either 12.5 or 25 kHz channel spacing. All radios in your
network must use the same channel spacing.
9. When you have configured all the frequencies you require, click
OK.
WinFlash updates the receiver radio frequencies and then
restarts the receiver.
Note – You can only configure receive frequencies. The FCC approved
transmit frequencies must be specified and configured by Trimble.
160.1 Configuring the internal 900 MHz radio setup
To configure the internal 900 MHz radio, use one of the following:
• Trimble Survey Controller running on a Trimble controller
• WinFlash (provided on the Trimble R7, Trimble R8, 5700, and
5800 GPS Receivers CD)
The internal radio has 40 available networks. You must choose the
same network that is configured in the base radio you want to receive
from.
Trimble Survey Controller
To configure your radio network using Trimble Survey Controller:
1. Connect to the Trimble R8 receiver with Bluetooth (or the
appropriate data cable if necessary).
2. From the main menu on the controller, select Configuration.
3. In the dialog that appears, select Survey styles, then from the
Type field, select RTK.
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Software Utilities 16
Trimble R8 Operation
4. Select Rover radio, then from the Type field select Trimble
Internal.
5. Tap the ! softkey.
6. Once connected, in the Network number field enter the number
of the network set on your base radio.
Note – The Base Radio Mode field is not used here.
7. Tap the E softkey to complete configuration.
WinFlash
To configure the radio network using WinFlash:
1. Connect the data/power cable to Port 1 on the receiver.
2. Connect the female DE-9 connector on the other end of the
data/power cable to a serial (COM) port on the computer.
3. Start WinFlash. The Device Configuration dialog appears.
4. From the Device type list, select Trimble R8 Receiver.
5. From the PC serial port field, select the serial port on the
computer that the receiver is connected to and click Next.
6. From the Operation selection dialog, select Configure radio and
click Next.
7. Confirm that your current settings are correct and click Finish.
The Configure 900MHz radio dialog appears.
8. In the Network number field, select the same network that is set
on your base radio.
9. In the Country setting field, select one of the following
(according to how your base radio was shipped):
– Your country (if available). This sets the radio to the a
specific frequency range being transmitted by the base
radio.
– A single frequency. This limits the frequencies used to
those authorized in your particular country.
10. Click OK.
WinFlash updates the radio settings and then restarts the receiver.
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160.1 Configuring the internal transceiver
Use the WinFlash Internal Transceiver Configuration dialog to
configure the Trimble R8 internal transceiver.
BTip – To view a list of all radio information, including the current
configuration, click Radio Info.
1. Select the Current Channel, which determines the radio
operating frequency.
2. Select the Wireless Mode, which determines the over-the-air
communications parameters. The following example shows a
rover setup:
To reduce battery consumption on your base receiver, set the
wireless mode as high as possible. For example, 9600 bps
consumes half the power of 4800 bps for the same data format
and time of operation.
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Software Utilities 16
Trimble R8 Operation
Note – All radios in the network must be configured with the
same wireless setting.
3. Select the appropriate operating mode, depending on how you
intend to use the receiver, for example, Base with No Repeaters:
4. Select one of the following channel sharing configurations (base
modes only; not available for rover):
– Off. The carrier detect mode is off. The unit will ignore
other transmissions on your frequency and continue to
transmit data.
Note – It may be illegal in your country of use to set
channel sharing to Off. You may be subject to penalties or
fines based upon the specific licensing requirements for
your country of use. Please consult your radio license
documentation or licensing agency for operational
guidelines.
– Avoid Weak Signals.The carrier detect mode is on. The
radio will cease transmitting if it detects another radio
transmission on its frequency. It will resume transmission
when the channel is free of radio traffic.
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– Avoid Strong Signals. The carrier detect mode is on, but
the radio will stop transmitting only when there is a strong
signal present (receive level greater than 90 dBm).
5. If you are operating in Base mode, select the Enable Station ID
check box and then enter your call sign in the Call Sign field.
This FCC requirement is for U.S. licensed users. It sets your
radio to transmit your call sign in Morse code every 15 minutes.
6. To update the configuration, click OK.
In the Status dialog that appears, select an option to return to the
main menu or to exit WinFlash.
BTip – You can print or save the radio configuration information for future
reference. If required, you can fax or e-mail the file to Trimble Support to
aid in troubleshooting radio problems.
Updating the frequency list
You can program the internal transceiver modem with a list of up to 20
frequencies, which are stored in non-volatile memory. This list is
pre-configured based on the frequencies that you requested when you
ordered the unit. Government regulations stipulate that only
manufacturers or authorized dealers can create this frequency list and
that all frequencies programmed into a unit must comply with the host
country regulations. If you need to add, delete, or replace frequencies,
contact your Trimble dealer, and provide the radio modem serial
number and an updated list of the frequencies you require. Once you
receive the frequency file, you can upgrade the radio using WinFlash.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 151
CHAPTER
17
Specifications 17
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QPhysical Specifications
QPositioning Specifications
QTechnical Specifications
17 Specifications
152 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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17.1 Introduction
This chapter details the specifications of the Trimble R8 receiver.
17.2 Physical Specifications
Table 17.1 lists physical specifications for the Trimble R8 receiver.
Table 17.1 Physical specifications
Feature Specification
Size 19cm (7.5") wide x 10cm (3.9") deep
including connectors
Weight: with internal battery
and radio
1.31 kg (2.13 lbs)
Operating times on internal
battery
450 MHz receive/transmit: 3.5 hours (varies
with temperature and wireless data rate)
GSM: 3.8 hours (varies with temperature)
Battery life
(at 20 °C)
Approximately 5.5 hours for one 2.0 ah
Lithium-ion battery
External Power input 11–28 V DC
Operating temperaturea
aReceiver will operate normally to –40 °C. Bluetooth module, GSM module, and internal
batteries are rated to –20 °C.
–40 °C to +65 °C (–40 °F to +149 °F)
Storage temperature –40 °C to +70 °C (–40 °F to +157 °F)
Humidity 100% condensing, unit fully sealed
Casing Dust-proof, shock- and vibration-resistant
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 153
Specifications 17
Trimble R8 Operation
17.3 Positioning Specifications
Table 17.2 lists positioning specifications for the Trimble R8 receiver.
Table 17.2 Positioning specifications
Positioning Mode Horizontal accuracy
(RMS)
Vertical accuracy
(RMS)
RTK (OTF) Synchronized 1 cm + 1 ppm
(× baseline length)
2 cm + 1 ppm
(× baseline length)
Low Latency 2 cm + 2 ppm
(× baseline length)a
aDepends on radio link latency.
3 cm + 2 ppm
(× baseline length)a
L1 C/A Code
Phase
Synchronized/
Low Latency
.25m + 1ppm RMS .50m + 1ppm RMS
Static/
FastStatic
N/A 5 mm + 0.5 ppm
(× baseline length)
5 mm + 1 ppm
(× baseline length)
WAAS N/A Less than 5 mb
b3D RMS values depend on WAAS system performance.
Less than 5 mb
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154 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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17.4 Technical Specifications
Table 17.3 lists technical specifications for the Trimble R8 receiver.
Table 17.3 Technical specifications
Feature Specification
Tracking 24 Channels L1 C/A Code, L2C, L1/L2 Full Cycle
Carrier, WAAS/EGNOS support
Fully operational during P-code encryption
WAAS satellite tracking
Signal processing Maxwell V architecture
Very low-noise C/A code processing
Multipath suppression
Start-up Cold start: < 60 seconds from power on
Warm start: < 30 seconds with recent ephemeris
Initialization Automatic while moving or static
Minimum
initialization time
10 sec + 0.5 × baseline length (km)
Communications Two RS-232 serial ports (Port 1, Port 2,)
Port 1: Baud Rates up to 115,200 bps
Port 2: Baud Rates up to 115,200 bps
RTS/CTS flow control negotiation supported on Port 2
only
Bluetooth communications with Trimble ACU or TSCe
with Bluecap module
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 155
Specifications 17
Trimble R8 Operation
Transmit radio Transmit power: 0.5 watts
Wireless data rate: 4800, 8000, 9600, 16000, and
19200
Frequency bands: 410-430MHz, 430-450MHz,
450-470MHz
Channel Spacing: 12.5kHz and 25kHz
Number of channels: Total of 20 factory
pre-programmed transmit frequencies or user
configured receive frequencies
RF modulation format: Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying
(GMSK) at 4800, 8000, 9600, 16000, and 19200 bps
Range: Optimal 10 km (line of sight); Typical: 3–5 km
(varies with terrain and operational conditions)
Battery life: Up to 3.5 hours (varies with temperature
and wireless data rate)
GSM module Certification: Class B Part 15, 22, 24
FCC certification: 850/1900
Class 10 GSM module
CE Mark approval
C-tick approval
GSM: type approvals are country specific. For more
information, contact your Trimble representative.
Bluetooth Type approvals are country specific. For more
information, contact your Trimble representative.
Configuration Through user-definable application files or GPS
Configurator
Output formats NMEA-0183: AVR; GGA; GSA; GST; GSV;
PTNL,GGK; PTNL,GGK_SYNC; HDT; PTNL,PJK;
PTNL,PJT; ROT; PTNL,VGK; VHD; VTG; ZDA
GSOF (Trimble Binary Streamed Output)
RT17
Table 17.3 Technical specifications (continued)
Feature Specification
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156 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 157
CHAPTER
18
Default Settings 18
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QDefault Settings
QResetting to Factory Defaults
18 Default Settings
158 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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18.1 Introduction
All Trimble R8 receiver settings are stored in application files. The
default application file, DEFAULTS is stored permanently in the
receiver, and contains the factory default settings for the receiver.
Whenever the receiver is reset to its factory defaults, the current
settings (stored in the current application file, CURRENT) are reset to
the values in the default application file.
You cannot modify the default application file. However, if there is a
power up application file (POWER_UP) in the receiver, the settings in
this file can be applied immediately after the default application file,
overriding the factory defaults.
For more information about application files, see Application Files,
page 135.
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Default Settings 18
Trimble R8 Operation
18.2 Default Settings
Table 18.1 defines the default settings for the Trimble R8 receiver, as
defined in the default application file.
Table 18.1 Default settings
Function Factory default
SV Enable All SVs enabled
General Controls: Elevation mask 13°
PDOP mask 7
RTK positioning mode Low Latency
Motion Kinematic
Serial Port 1: Baud rate 115,200
Format 8-None-1
Flow control None
Serial Port 2: Baud rate 115,200
Format 8-None-1
Flow control None
Input Setup: Station Any
NMEA/ASCII (all messages) All Ports Off
Streamed output All Types Off
Offset = 00
RT17/Binary All Ports Off
Reference position: Latitude 0°
Longitude 0°
Altitude 0.00 m HAE
Antenna: Type Trimble R8/5800 Internal
Height (true vertical) 0.00 m
Group All
Measurement method Bottom of mount
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18.3 Resetting to Factory Defaults
To reset the Trimble R8 receiver to its factory defaults, do one of the
following:
• Press and hold down p on the receiver for 15 seconds.
• In GPS Configurator, select Connect to Receiver and then click
Reset receiver in the General tab.
183.1 Default behavior
The factory defaults specified above are applied whenever you start
the receiver. If a Power Up file is present in the receiver, its settings
are applied immediately after the default settings, so you can use a
Power Up file to define your own set of defaults.
183.2 Power up settings
When you turn the receiver off, any changes that you have made to
logging settings are lost and these settings are returned to the factory
defaults. Other settings remain as defined in the Current file. The next
time you turn on the receiver, the receiver checks for a Power Up file
and, if one is present, applies the settings in this file.
When you use p to turn the receiver
off then on again and …
then logging
settings are …
and all other settings
are …
you changed the receiver settings by
applying an application file
the factory defaults the last settings used
you changed the receiver settings using
configuration software
the factory defaults the last settings used
there is a Power Up application file in the
receiver
the factory defaults, or
those in the Power Up
filea
aA factory default setting is used only if the setting is not defined in the Power Up file.
the last settings used,
or those in the Power
Up file
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 161
CHAPTER
19
Cables and Connectors 19
In this chapter:
QIntroduction
QPort 1 and 2 Connectors
QPower/serial Data Cable
19 Cables and Connectors
162 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R8 Operation
19.1 Introduction
This chapter provides pinout information for the Trimble R8 receiver
standard and optional cables. This information can be used to prepare
special cables for connecting the receiver to devices and instruments
not supported by the standard and optional cables.
19.2 Port 1 and 2 Connectors
Figure 19.1 shows the location of the Trimble R8 serial ports.
Figure 19.1 Trimble R8 serial ports
1
2
BARCODE S/N LABEL
Port 1
Port 2
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 163
Cables and Connectors 19
Trimble R8 Operation
Figure 19.2 gives pinout requirements for the connector labeled
Port 1.
Figure 19.2 Port 1 connector
Figure 19.3 gives pinout requirements for the connector labeled
Port 2.
Figure 19.3 Port 2 connector
7
1
3
6
4
25
Pins 9 8 7 6
Pins 5 4 3 2 1
19 Cables and Connectors
164 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R8 Operation
Table 19.1 describes the pinout functionality.
19.3 Power/Serial Data Cables
Note – Table 19.2 gives pinout information for the data-I/O cable,
(PN 18532) which is supplied with the Trimble R8 receiver
Note – Table 19.2 assumes that the cable is attached to the connector
labeled Port 2.
Table 19.1 Trimble R8 port pinouts
Pin Pinout function
Port 1 - 7-pin Lemo Port 2 - DB-9
1 Signal ground DCD
2 - Power ground RXD
3TXD TXD
4N/C DTR
5 N/C Signal ground
6 + Power in DSR
7TRXD RTS
8N/A CTS
9 N/A Ring indicator
Table 19.2 Data-I/O cable pinouts
DB-9 Female
9 Pin
DB-9 Female
9 pin
Pin Function Pin Function
1-6 DCD5_232 4 DTR5_232
2 RX5_232 3 TX5_232
3 TX5_232 2 RX5_232
4 DTR5_232 1-6 DCD5_232
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Cables and Connectors 19
Trimble R8 Operation
This data cable may be used for firmware upgrades and other
computer functions with the Trimble R8. Power must be supplied to
the receiver via Port 1, or from the internal battery.
Note – Table 19.3 gives pinout information for the power/serial data
cable, (PN 32345) which is optional for use with the Trimble R8
receiver. This cable can be used for firmware upgrades through Port 1,
while also supplying external power.
Note – Table 19.3 assumes that the cable is attached to the connector
labeled Port 1.
5 GND 5 GND
7 RTS5_232 8 CTS5_232
8 CTS5_232 7 RTS5_232
9 no connection RI5_232 9
Table 19.3 Power/serial data cable pinouts
Lemo 0-shell
connector
7 Pin
Direction DE9-F connector
7 Cond
Power lead
2 Cond
Pin Function Pin Color Function Color Function
1GND ↔5 Brown Signal ground
2GND →Black V-OUT
3 TX3_232 →2 Orange TXD
4RTS/TXD →8Blue RTS
5CTS/RXD ←7GreenCTS
6PWR_IN ← Red Power IN (+)
7 RX3_232 ←3 Yellow TXD
Table 19.2 Data-I/O cable pinouts (continued)
DB-9 Female
9 Pin
DB-9 Female
9 pin
Pin Function Pin Function
19 Cables and Connectors
166 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
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SECTION
III
IAPPENDIXES
TRIMBLE R7 / TRIMBLE R8
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 169
APPENDIX
A
NMEA-0183 Output A
In this appendix:
QIntroduction
QNMEA-0183 outputs
QCommon message elements
QNMEA messages
A NMEA-0183 Output
170 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
A.1 Introduction
This appendix describes the formats of the subset of NMEA-0183
messages that are available for output by the receivers. For a copy of
the NMEA-0183 Standard, visit the National Marine Electronics
Association website at www.nmea.org.
A.2 NMEA-0183 Outputs
When NMEA-0183 output is enabled, a subset of NMEA-0183
messages can be output to external instruments and equipment
connected to the Trimble R7 serial ports. These NMEA-0183
messages let external devices use selected data collected or computed
by the GPS receiver.
All messages conform to the NMEA-0183 Version 3.01 format. All
begin with $ and end with a carriage return and a line feed. Data fields
follow comma (,) delimiters and are variable in length. Null fields still
follow comma (,) delimiters but contain no information.
An asterisk (*) delimiter and checksum value follow the last field of
data contained in an NMEA-0183 message. The checksum is the 8-bit
exclusive OR of all characters in the message, including the commas
between fields, but not including the $ and asterisk delimiters. The
hexadecimal result is converted to two ASCII characters (0–9, A–F).
The most significant character appears first.
Table A.1 summarizes the set of NMEA messages supported by the
Trimble R7 receiver, and shows the page where detailed information
about each message can be found.
Table A.1 NMEA message summary
Message Function Page
AVR Time, yaw, tilt, range, mode, PDOP, and
number of SVs for Moving Baseline RTK
174
GGA Time, position, and fix related data 175
GSA GNSS DOP and active satellites 176
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 171
NMEA-0183 Output A
Trimble R7 and R8
To enable or disable the output of individual NMEA messages, do one
of the following:
• create an application file in GPS Configurator that contains
NMEA output settings and then send the file to the receiver.
• add NMEA outputs in the Serial outputs tab of GPS
Configurator and then apply the settings.
GST Position error statistics 177
GSV Number of SVs in view, PRN, elevation,
azimuth, and SNR
178
HDT Heading from True North 178
PTNL,GGK Time, position, position type and DOP
values
179
PTNL,GGK_SYNC Time, synchronized position, position type
and DOP values
180
PTNL,PJK Local coordinate position output 182
PTNL,PJT Projection type 183
PTNL,VGK Time, locator vector, type and DOP values 183
PTNL,VHD Heading Information 184
ROT Rate of turn 185
VTG Actual track made good and speed over
ground
186
ZDA UTC day, month, and year, and local time
zone offset
187
Table A.1 NMEA message summary (continued)
Message Function Page
A NMEA-0183 Output
172 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
A.3 Common Message Elements
Each message contains:
• A message ID consisting of $GP followed by the message type.
For example, the message ID of the GGA message is $GPGGA.
•A comma
• A number of fields that depend on message type, separated by
commas
•An asterisk
• A checksum value
Below is an example of a simple message with a message ID
($GPGGA), followed by 13 fields and checksum value:
$GPGGA,172814.0,3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W,2,6,
1.2,18.893,M,-25.669,M,2.0,0031*4F
A.3.1 Message values
The following values can be found in NMEA messages that the
receiver generates.
Latitude and Longitude
Latitude is represented as ddmm.mmmm and longitude is represented
as dddmm.mmmm, where:
•dd or ddd is degrees
•mm.mmmm is minutes and decimal fractions of minutes
Direction
Direction (north, south, east, or west) is represented by a single
character: N, S, E, or W.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 173
NMEA-0183 Output A
Trimble R7 and R8
Time
Time values are presented in Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) and
are represented as hhmmss.cc, where:
•hh is hours, from 00 to 23
•mm is minutes
•ss is seconds
•cc is hundredths of seconds
A.4 NMEA Messages
When NMEA-0183 output is enabled, the following messages can be
generated.
A NMEA-0183 Output
174 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
AVR Time, Yaw, Tilt, Range for Moving Baseline RTK
The AVR message string is shown below, and Table A.2 describes the
message fields.
$PTNL,AVR,181059.6,+149.4688,Yaw,+0.0134,Tilt,,,60.191,3,
2.5,6*00
Table A.2 AVR message fields
Field Meaning
1 UTC of vector fix
2 Yaw angle in degrees
3Yaw
4 Tilt angle in degrees
5Tilt
6 Reserved
7 Reserved
8 Range in meters
9 Quality indicator:
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential carrier phase solution RTK (Float)
3: Differential carrier phase solution RTK (Fix)
4: Differential code-based solution, DGPS
10 PDOP
11 Number of satellites used in solution
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 175
NMEA-0183 Output A
Trimble R7 and R8
GGA Time, Position, and Fix Related Data
An example of the GGA message string is shown below. Table A.3
describes the message fields.
$GPGGA,172814.0,3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W,
2,6,1.2,18.893,M,-25.669,M,2.0,0031*4F
Table A.3 GGA message fields
Field Meaning
1 UTC of position fix
2 Latitude
3 Direction of latitude:
N: North
S: South
4 Longitude
5 Direction of longitude:
E: East
W: West
6 GPS Quality indicator:
0: Fix not valid
1: GPS fix
2: Differential GPS fix
4: Real Time Kinematic, fixed integers
5: Real Time Kinematic, float integers
7 Number of SVs in use, range from 00 to 12
8 HDOP
9 Orthometric height (MSL reference)
10 M: unit of measure for height is meters
11 Geoid separation
12 M: geoid separation is measured in meters
A NMEA-0183 Output
176 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
GSA GNSS DOP and active satellites
An example of the GSA message string is shown below. Table A.4
describes the message fields.
$GPGSA,<1>,<2>,<3>,<3>,,,,,<3>,<3>,<3>,<4>,<5>,
<6>*<7><CR><LF>
13 Age of differential GPS data record, Type 1 or Type 9. Null field
when DGPS is not used.
14 Reference station ID, ranging from 0000 to 1023. A null field when
any reference station ID is selected and no corrections are
received.
Table A.4 GSA message fields
Field Meaning
1Mode 1, M = manual, A = automatic
2 Mode 2, Fix type, 1 = not available, 2 = 2D, 3 = 3D
3 PRN number, 01 to 32, of satellite used in solution, up to 12
transmitted
4 PDOP-Position dilution of precision, 0.5 to 99.9
5 HDOP-Horizontal dilution of precision, 0.5 to 99.9
6 VDOP-Vertical dilution of precision, 0.5 to 99.9
7 Checksum
Table A.3 GGA message fields (continued)
Field Meaning
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 177
NMEA-0183 Output A
Trimble R7 and R8
GST Position Error Statistics
An example of the GST message string is shown below. Table A.5
describes the message fields.
$GPGST,172814.0,0.006,0.023,0.020,273.6,
0.023,0.020,0.031*6A
Table A.5 GST message fields
Field Meaning
1 UTC of position fix
2 RMS value of the pseudorange residuals (includes carrier phase
residuals during periods of RTK(float) and RTK(fixed) processing)
3 Error ellipse semi-major axis 1 sigma error, in meters
4 Error ellipse semi-minor axis 1 sigma error, in meters
5 Error ellipse orientation, degrees from true north
6 Latitude 1 sigma error, in meters
7 Longitude 1 sigma error, in meters
8 Height 1 sigma error, in meters
A NMEA-0183 Output
178 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
GSV Satellite Information
The GSV message string identifies the number of SVs in view, the
PRN numbers, elevations, azimuths, and SNR values. An example of
the GSV message string is shown below. Table A.6 describes the
message fields.
$GPGSV,4,1,13,02,02,213,,03,-3,000,,
11,00,121,,14,13,172,05*67
HDT Heading from True North
The HDT string is shown below, and Table A.7 describes the message
fields.
$GPHDT,123.456,T*00
Table A.6 GSV message fields
Field Meaning
1 Total number of messages of this type in this cycle
2 Message number
3 Total number of SVs visible
4 SV PRN number
5 Elevation, in degrees, 90° maximum
6 Azimuth, degrees from True North, 000° to 359°
7 SNR, 00–99 dB (null when not tracking)
8–11 Information about second SV, same format as fields 4–7
12–15 Information about third SV, same format as fields 4–7
16–19 Information about fourth SV, same format as fields 4–7
Table A.7 Heading from true north fields
Field Meaning
1 Heading in degrees
2 T: Indicates heading relative to True North
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 179
NMEA-0183 Output A
Trimble R7 and R8
PTNL,GGK
Time, Position, Position Type, DOP
An example of the PTNL,GGK message string is shown below.
Table A.8 describes the message fields.
$PTNL,GGK,172814.00,071296,
3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W,
3,06,1.7,EHT-6.777,M*48
Table A.8 PTNL,GGK message fields
Field Meaning
1 UTC of position fix
2Date
3 Latitude
4 Direction of latitude:
N: North
S: South
5 Longitude
6 Direction of Longitude:
E: East
W: West
7 GPS Quality indicator:
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential, floating carrier phase integer-based solution,
RTK(float)
3: Differential, fixed carrier phase integer-based solution,
RTK(fixed)
4: Differential, code phase only solution (DGPS)
8 Number of satellites in fix
9 DOP of fix
A NMEA-0183 Output
180 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
Note – The PTNL,GGK message is longer than the NMEA-0183
standard of 80 characters.
PTNL,GGK_SYNC
Time, Synchronized Position, Position Type, DOP
The PTNL,GGK_SYNC message has the same format as the
PTNL,GGK message, but outputs Synchronized 1 Hz positions even
in Low Latency mode. An example of the PTNL,GGK_SYNC
message string is shown below. Table A.9 describes the message
fields.
$PTNL,GGK_SYNC,172814.00,071296,
3723.46587704,N,12202.26957864,W,
3,06,1.7,EHT-6.777,M*48
10 Ellipsoidal height of fix
11 M: ellipsoidal height is measured in meters
Table A.9 PTNL,GGK_SYNC message fields
Field Meaning
1 UTC of position fix
2Date
3 Latitude
4 Direction of latitude:
N: North
S: South
5 Longitude
Table A.8 PTNL,GGK message fields (continued)
Field Meaning
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 181
NMEA-0183 Output A
Trimble R7 and R8
Note – The PTNL,GGK_SYNC message is longer than the
NMEA-0183 standard of 80 characters.
6 Direction of Longitude:
E: East
W: West
7 GPS Quality indicator:
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential, floating carrier phase integer-based solution,
RTK(float)
3: Differential, fixed carrier phase integer-based solution,
RTK(fixed)
4: Differential, code phase only solution (DGPS)
8 Number of satellites in fix
9 DOP of fix
10 Ellipsoidal height of fix
11 M: ellipsoidal height is measured in meters
Table A.9 PTNL,GGK_SYNC message fields (continued)
Field Meaning
A NMEA-0183 Output
182 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
PTNL,PJK
Local Coordinate Position Output
An example of the PTNL,PJK message string is shown below.
Table A.10 describes the message fields.
$PTNL,PJK,010717.00,081796,
+732646.511,N,+1731051.091,E,
1,05,2.7,EHT-28.345,M*7C
Note – The PTNL,PJK message is longer than the NMEA-0183
standard of 80 characters.
Table A.10 PTNL,PJK message fields
Field Meaning
1 UTC of position fix
2Date
3 Northing, in meters
4 Direction of Northing will always be N (North)
5 Easting, in meters
6 Direction of Easting will always be E (East)
7 GPS Quality indicator:
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential, floating carrier phase integer-based solution,
RTK (float)
3: Differential, fixed carrier integer-based solution, RTK (fixed)
4: Differential, code phase only solution (DGPS)
8 Number of satellites in fix
9 DOP of fix
10 Ellipsoidal height of fix
11 M: ellipsoidal height is measured in meters
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 183
NMEA-0183 Output A
Trimble R7 and R8
PTNL,PJT
Projection Type
An example of the PTNL,PJT message string is shown below.
Table A.11 describes the message fields.
$PTNL,PJT,NAD83(Conus),California Zone 4 0404,*51
PTNL,VGK
Vector Information
An example of the PTNL,VGK message string is shown below.
Table A.12 describes the message fields.
$PTNL,VGK,160159.00,010997,-0000.161,
00009.985,-0000.002,3,07,1,4,M*0B
Table A.11 PTNL,PJT message fields
Field Meaning
1 Coordinate system name (can include multiple words)
2 Projection name (can include multiple coordinates)
Table A.12 PTNL,VGK message fields
Field Meaning
1 UTC of vector in hhmmss.ss format
2 Date in mmddyy format
3 East component of vector, in meters
4 North component of vector, in meters
5 Up component of vector, in meters
A NMEA-0183 Output
184 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
PTNL,VHD
Heading Information
An example of the PTNL,VHD message string is shown below.
Table A.13 describes the message fields.
$PTNL,VHD,030556.00,093098,187.718,
-22.138,-76.929,-5.015,0.033,0.006,
3,07,2.4,M*22
6 GPS quality indicator:
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential carrier phase solution RTK(float)
3: Differential carrier phase solution RTK(fix)
4: Differential code-based solution, DGPS
7 Number of satellites if fix solution
8 DOP of fix
9 M: Vector components are in meters
Table A.13 PTNL,VHD message fields
Field Meaning
1 UTC of position, in hhmmss.ss,ddmmyy format
2 Date in mmddyy format
3Azimuth
4∆Azimuth/∆Time
5 Vertical Angle
6∆Ve r tic al /∆Time
7 Range
Table A.12 PTNL,VGK message fields (continued)
Field Meaning
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 185
NMEA-0183 Output A
Trimble R7 and R8
ROT Rate of Turn
The ROT string is shown below, and Table A.14 describes the message
fields.
$GPROT,35.6,A*4E
8∆Range/∆Time
9 Quality indicator:
0: Fix not available or invalid
1: Autonomous GPS fix
2: Differential carrier phase solution RTK(float)
3: Differential carrier phase solution RTK(fix)
4: Differential code-based solution, DGPS
10 Number of satellites used in solution
11 PDOP
Table A.14 ROT message fields
Field Meaning
1 Rate of turn, degrees/minutes, "–" indicates bow turns to
port
2 A: Valid data
V: Invalid data
Table A.13 PTNL,VHD message fields (continued)
Field Meaning
A NMEA-0183 Output
186 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
VTG Actual Track Made Good Over and Speed Over Ground
An example of the VTG message string is shown below. Table A.15
describes the message fields.
$GPVTG,,T,,M,0.00,N,0.00,K*4E
Table A.15 VTG message fields
Field Meaning
1 Track made good (degrees true)
2 T: track made good is relative to true north
3 Track made good (degrees magnetic)
4 M: track made good is relative to magnetic north
5 Speed, in knots
6 N: speed is measured in knots
7 Speed over ground in kilometers/hour (kph)
8 K: speed over ground is measured in kph
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 187
NMEA-0183 Output A
Trimble R7 and R8
ZDA UTC Day, Month, And Year, and Local Time Zone Offset
An example of the ZDA message string is shown below. Table A.16
describes the message fields.
$GPZDA,172809,12,07,1996,00,00*45
Fields 5 and 6 together yield the total offset. For example, if field 5 is
–5 and field 6 is +15, local time is 5 hours and 15 minutes earlier than
GMT.
Table A.16 ZDA message fields
Field Meaning
1UTC
2 Day, ranging between 01 and 31
3 Month, ranging between 01 and 12
4 Year
5 Local time zone offset from GMT, ranging from 00 to ±13 hours
6 Local time zone offset from GMT, ranging from 00 to 59 minutes
A NMEA-0183 Output
188 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 189
APPENDIX
B
RTCM Output B
In this appendix:
QRTCM Output
QMessage Scheduling
B RTCM Output
190 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
0.1 RTCM Output
Table B.1 shows the messages that are generated when you select a
specific RTCM version. The messages in the table are in the same
order as they appear in GPS Configurator. For the details of the
contents of individual messages, refer to the RTCM documentation.
Table B.1 RTCM output
Selection Message
Version 2 1 3 22 59
USCG 9-3 3 9-3
RTCM/RTK 2.2+2.3 1 3 18 19 22 23 24 59
RTK Only 2.2+2.3 3 18 19 22 23 24 59
RTCM/RTK 2.3 1 18 19 23 24
RTK Only 2.3 18 19 22
RTCM/RTK 2.2 1 3 18 19 22 59
RTK Only 2.2 3 18 19 22 59
RTCM/RTK 2.1 1 3 18 19 22 59
RTK Only 2.1 3 18 19 22 59
RTCM/RTK 3.00 1004 1006 1008 1013
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 191
RTCM Output B
Trimble R7 and R8
0.2 Message Scheduling
Table B.2 describes the frequency at which messages are generated
when they are enabled in a base receiver.
Table B.2 Message scheduling
Type Frequency
1Every second
3 The 10th second after the first measurement, then every 10 seconds after that
9-3 Every second
18 Every second
19 Every second
22 The 5th second after the first measurement, then every 10 seconds after that
23 The 4th second after the first measurement, then every 10 seconds after that
24 The 4th second after the first measurement, then every 10 seconds after that
59-sub, 13 The 5th second after the first measurement, then every 10 seconds after that
1004 Every second
1006 Every 10 seconds
1008 Every 10 seconds
1013 Every 300 seconds
B RTCM Output
192 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 193
APPENDIX
C
Troubleshooting C
In this appendix:
QLED Conditions
QReceiver Issues
C Troubleshooting
194 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
An LED that is flashing quickly indicates a condition that may require
attention, and an unlit LED indicates that no operation is occurring.
Table C.1 describes some LED conditions, possible causes, and how
to solve them.
Table C.1 LED conditions
Condition Possible cause Solution
The SV Tracking LED is
lit solidly and the
Logging/Memory LED
is flashing slowly.
The receiver is in Monitor
mode, ready for new
firmware to be loaded or new
options to be added.
Power the receiver off or on.
Load the latest version of the
firmware, which you can download
from www.trimble.com/support.html
The SV Tracking LED is
not flashing.
The receiver is tracking fewer
than four satellites.
Wait until the SV Tracking LED is
flashing slowly.
The radio antenna cable and
GPS antenna cable are
mixed up.
Make sure that the GPS antenna
cable (with the yellow over-mould) is
connected between the yellow TNC
connector marked GPS and the GPS
antenna.
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 195
Troubleshooting C
Trimble R7 and R8
Table C.2 describes some possible receiver issues, possible causes,
and how to solve them.
Table C.2 Receiver issues
Issue Possible cause Solution
The receiver does not
power up.
External power too low. Check the charge on the external
battery, and check the fuse if
applicable. Replace the battery if
necessary.
Internal power too low. Check the charge on the internal
batteries and replace if necessary.
Ensure battery contacts are clean.
External power not properly
connected.
Check that the Lemo connection is
seated properly.
Check for broken or bent pins in the
connector.
Faulty power cable. Try a different cable.
Check pinouts with multimeter to
ensure internal wiring is intact.
C Troubleshooting
196 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
Receiver does not log
data.
Insufficient memory on the
CompactFlash card.
Delete old files using the GPS
Configurator or Trimble Survey
Controller software, or by holding
down p for 30 seconds.
No CompactFlash card is
inserted.
Insert a CompactFlash card in the
receiver.
The CompactFlash card is not
seated properly.
Remove the Compact Flash card and
reinsert it, making sure that it slides
into the housing easily and seats into
the pins.
The receiver is tracking fewer
than four satellites.
Wait until the SV Tracking LED is
flashing slowly.
The CompactFlash card is not
formatted, or is corrupted.
Format the CompactFlash card using
GPS Configurator, or by holding down
p for 30 seconds.
If the problem persists, use GPS
Configurator to perform a full format.
The receiver is not
responding.
Receiver needs soft reset. Power down the receiver and power
back up.
Receiver needs full reset. Hold down p for 30 seconds.
If you want to retain data files, remove
the CompactFlash card first.
Table C.2 Receiver issues (continued)
Issue Possible cause Solution
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 197
Troubleshooting C
Trimble R7 and R8
Reference receiver is
not broadcasting.
Port settings between
reference receiver and radio
are incorrect.
Using Trimble Survey Controller,
connect to the reference radio through
the receiver. If no connection is made,
connect directly to the radio and
change the port settings. Try to
connect through the receiver again to
ensure that they are communicating.
Faulty cable between receiver
and radio.
Try a different cable.
Examine the ports for missing pins.
Use a multimeter to check pinouts.
No power to radio. If the radio has its own power supply,
check the charge and connections.
If power is routed through the
receiver, ensure that the receiver’s
external power source is charged and
that power output on Port 3 is
enabled.
Table C.2 Receiver issues (continued)
Issue Possible cause Solution
C Troubleshooting
198 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R7 and R8
Roving receiver is not
receiving radio.
Reference receiver is not
broadcasting.
See above.
Incorrect over air baud rates
between reference and rover.
Connect to the roving receiver’s radio
and check to ensure it has the same
setting as the reference receiver.
Incorrect port settings
between roving external radio
and receiver.
If the radio is receiving data (the
Logging/Memory LED is flashing) and
the receiver is not getting radio
communications, use Trimble Survey
Controller to check that the port
settings are correct.
The radio antenna cable and
GPS antenna cable are mixed
up.
Make sure that the radio antenna
cable (with the blue over-mould) is
connected between the blue TNC
connector marked RADIO and the
radio antenna.
The cellular modem does not
have hardware flow control
enabled.
Disable flow control on the modem.
Use a special cable. For more
information, refer to the document
Using Cellular and CDPD Modems for
RTK, which is available from the
Trimble website.
Table C.2 Receiver issues (continued)
Issue Possible cause Solution
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 199
Index
Symbols
d13, 38
p13, 38, 125
$ (NMEA start of message delimiter) 170
* (NMEA checksum delimiter) 172
, (NMEA field delimiter) 170
.cfg files 55–59, 68, 135–138
.dat files 66, 68
size 65
.elf files 50, 68, 132
.eph files 68
.T01 files 65, 66, 68
Numerics
1PPS output
configuring in real time 104
default settings 85
enabling in real time 104
pulse definition 102
time tag definition 103
Trimble R7 receiver 8, 82, 102–103
A
accuracy
centimeter-level 8, 110
submeter-level 8, 110
Actual Track Made Good Over and Speed
Over Ground message 186
adding frequencies for internal radio 74, 144
ANT port 16, 198
antenna information, default 86, 159
Antenna record, in application file 55, 135
antennas
electrical interference 18, 117
mounting 18, 117
RPA 28
rubber duck 22, 28
using with the Trimble R7 receiver 97
whip 22, 28
Zephyr 23
Zephyr Geodetic 23
application file
Current.cfg 56
Default.cfg 56
Power_up.cfg 57
application files 56, 59
applying 59, 138
configuring the receiver with 135
Current (Current.cfg) 56, 84, 136,
158
Default (Default.cfg) 56, 84, 136, 158
Default.cfg 84
deleting 39, 125
deleting by formatting CompactFlash
card 44
maximum number 56, 136
naming 60, 138
Index
200 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
overview 55, 135
Power Up (Power_Up.cfg) 57, 84,
137, 158
records 55, 135
storing 59, 138
timed 40, 58, 90
applying application files 59, 138
ASCII
output, default settings 85, 159
time tags, default 85
time tags, definition 103
B
backpack setup 28
base station See reference station
baseline, moving 170
batteries
camcorder 33
charging in reference and rover
receiver at the same time 47
charging while in Trimble R7
receiver 46
charging with TSCe/TSC1
batteries 49
minimum power to charge 46
operating time 45, 80, 152
standby 41
battery
compartments 14, 17, 117
inserting in the Trimble R8
receiver 118
LEDs 41
baud rate
default 85, 159
maximum 82, 154
binary output, default settings 85, 159
blue RPA cable 16, 198
blue TNC port 16, 198
Bluetooth 3
bottom panel 17, 117
bracket
insert 24
receiver 24, 25
RPA 22
breakout box, on event marker/1PPS
cable 95
buttons 13, 38, 114, 125
C
cables
coaxial 97
data/power 63, 94, 164
event marker/1PPS 95
GPS antenna 16, 103
RPA 16
camcorder batteries 33
catch
for battery compartment 14
for CompactFlash/USB door 13, 114
cellphones 33, 121
cellular modems 33, 121, 198
centimeter-level accuracy 8, 110
charging
internal batteries 46
minimum time required 46
Trimble R7 and TSC1/TSCe
batteries 48
CMR
input 9, 111
output 9, 111
output, default settings 85
coaxial cable, for connecting to GPS
antenna 97
COCOM limits 10, 112
cold start, time required 82, 154
color-coded TNC ports 16
CompactFlash card
corrupted 196
Index
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 201
formatting 39, 44, 196
full 42
logging data to 42
transferring files from 66
Type I 36
upgrading receiver firmware from 50,
132
CompactFlash port 17, 117
CompactFlash/USB door 17, 117
CompactFlash/USB door catch 13, 114
configuring
1PPS output in real time 104
event marker input in real time 100
MS Series parameters 174
receiver in real time 54, 134
receiver using application files 135
connecting to computer for data transfer 63
controller
mounting on pole 26
power supply 48
setup 26
corrupted CompactFlash card 196
Current application file 56, 84, 136, 158
current application file 56
current receiver configuration 136
current settings 158
Current.cfg 56, 84, 136, 158
D
DAT files 65, 66
data
logging internally 42
logging to Trimble Survey
Controller 43, 128
transferring from the receiver 61
Data button 13, 38
data files
deleting by formatting CompactFlash
card 44
transferring 65
transferring from CompactFlash
card 66
Trimble R7 receiver 66, 68
Data LED See Logging/Memory LED
data link, using a cellular modem 33, 121
data outputs, NMEA 174
data storage cards See CompactFlash cards
data transfer
transferring files 61–68
with serial connection 63
with USB connection 64
Data Transfer utility
deleting files on receiver with 68
transferring files with 65
data/power cable pinouts 94, 164, 165
Default application file 56, 84, 136, 158
default application file 56
default settings
1PPS time tags 85
antenna 86, 159
ASCII output 85, 159
ASCII time tags 85
baud rate 85, 159
binary output 85, 159
changing 137
CMR output 85
elevation mask 85, 159
factory 87
logging rate 86
measurement rate 86
motion 85, 159
NMEA output 85, 159
overriding 136
Port 3 power output 85
position logging rate 86
reference position 86, 159
reference station 85, 159
Index
202 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
resetting 128
RT17 output 85, 159
RTCM output 85
serial format 85, 159
SNR mask 85
streamed output 85, 159
SV enabling 85, 159
Trimble R7 receiver 84
Trimble R8 receiver 158
Default.cfg 56, 84, 136, 158
defining 59
deleting files
application files 39, 125
by formatting CompactFlash card 44
ephemeris file 39, 125
in the receiver 68
delimiters, NMEA
checksum 172
field separator 172
start of message 170
Device Control record, in application file 55,
135
diameter, of pole 24
dimensions
Trimble R7 receiver 80
Trimble R8 receiver 152
direction, NMEA field format 172
disabling flow control 198
dual event marker input 8, 100
dual-frequency RTK engine 8, 110
E
electrical interference 18, 117
electronic interference 112
elevation mask
default 85, 159
enabling
1PPS output in real time 104
event marker input in real time 100
power output on Port 3 49, 131
enhanced RTK See extended RTK
environmental factors
when setting up the receiver 18, 117
ephemeris file
deleting 39, 125
supported file type 68
eRTK Range Pole antenna See RPA
event marker input
configuring in real time 100
feature 8
Event Marker LED See Radio LED
event marker/1PPS
cable 95
cable pinouts 96
examples, of default behavior 87
extended RTK 8
external power 49
minimum required to charge internal
batteries 46
F
factory defaults 87
resetting to 39, 86, 125, 160
Trimble R7 receiver 83–90
Trimble R8 receiver 157–160
FastStatic surveying
specifications 81, 153
features
1PPS output 8
automatic OTF (on-the-fly)
initialization 8, 110
centimeter accuracy 8, 110
charging batteries internally 9
CMR input and output 9, 111
CompactFlash card 9
extended RTK 8
OTF data 8, 110
real-time positioning 8, 110
Index
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 203
RS-232 ports 9
RTCM SC-104 input and output 9,
111
RTK data 8, 110
submeter accuracy 8, 110
Trimble R8 receiver 110
USB port 9
WAAS capability 8, 110
file size 65
File Storage record, in application file 55,
135
file types
.cfg 68
.dat 66
.elf 68
.eph 68
.T01 66
application (.cfg) 68
DAT 65
data (.dat) 66
data files 66
ephemeris (.eph) 68
job 43, 128
raw observations (.T01) 68
receiver firmware (.elf) 68
supported 68
files
deleting 68
transferring from CompactFlash
card 66
firmware
(.elf) files 68
upgrading 50, 72, 132, 142
flashing LED 39, 125
flow control
default setting 85, 159
disabling on cellular modem 33, 121,
198
Trimble R7 receiver 82
Trimble R8 receiver 154
formatting a CompactFlash card 36, 39, 44
frequencies, for internal radio 74, 144
front panel 13, 114
full format 196
full memory 42
full reset 196
G
General Controls record, in application
file 55, 135
GGA message, time, position, and fix related
data 174
GPS antenna cable 16
GPS antenna port 9, 16, 111, 198
GPS Configurator software
configuring 1PPS output 104
configuring event marker input 100
configuring Trimble R8 receiver 71,
141
deleting files on receiver with 68
installing 70, 140
performing a full format 196
Trimble R7 receiver 43, 70
Trimble R8 receiver 120, 134, 140
GPS LED See SV Tracking LED
green LEDs 41
GSA message 176
GSOF output 82
GST message 177
GSV message 178
guidelines for setting up receiver 19, 118
H
Heading Information message 184
Index
204 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
I
icons, on top panel 16, 116
indicator LEDs 13, 39, 114, 125
initialization
minimum time required 82, 154
on-the-fly 8, 110
specifications 82, 154
input
CMR 9, 111
event marker 8, 99
RTCM 9, 111
Input Message record, in application file 55,
135
insert, for receiver bracket 24
installing
GPS Configurator software 70, 140
WinFLASH software 72, 142
interference
electrical 18, 117
electronic 112
internal batteries
charging 9
charging while in Trimble R7
receiver 46
charging with TSC1/TSCe
batteries 49
minimum power to charge 46
operating time 45, 80, 152
standby 41
internal radio
adding frequencies 74, 144
Trimble R7 receiver 31
Trimble R8 receiver 120
internal transmitter, R8 receiver 30
J
job files 43, 128
L
latency
Trimble R7 receiver 81
Trimble R8 receiver 153
latitude, NMEA field format 172
LEDs
Battery 1 41
Battery 2 41
flashing 39, 125
Logging/Memory 40
Radio 41
SV Tracking 40
Trimble R7 receiver 13, 39
Trimble R8 receiver 114, 125
Lemo cables, plugging in 19, 118
limits, imposed by COCOM 10, 112
Lithium ion batteries, voltage 50
Lithium-ion battery
charging 48
disposing of 48
safety warning 45
Local Coordinate Position Output
message 182
logging
internally 42
scheduling 58
starting 39
stopping 39
to Trimble Survey Controller
software 43, 128
Logging button See Data button
Logging Rate record, in application file 55,
135
logging rate, default 86
Logging/Memory LED 40
longitude, NMEA field format 172
Low Latency RTK mode, specifications 81,
153
Index
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 205
M
maximum
baud rate 82, 154
number of application files 56, 136
Maxwell architecture 82, 154
measurement rate, default 86
Memory LED See Logging/Memory LED
memory, full 42, 196
message ID, in NMEA messages 172
mobile phones 33, 121
Monitor mode 40, 50, 51, 132, 194
motion, default settings 85, 159
mounting antenna, avoiding electrical
interference 18, 117
N
naming application files 60, 138
NMEA
output 9, 111, 169–187
output, default settings 85, 159
NMEA messages
common elements 171
common message elements 172
delimiters 172
enabling and disabling 171
GGA 175
GSA 176
GST 177
GSV 178
ID 172
PTNL,GGK 179
PTNL,GGK_SYNC 180
PTNL,PJK 182
PTNL,PJT 183
PTNL,VGK 183
PTNL,VHD 184
summary 170
values 172
VTG 186
ZDA 187
O
One Pulse per Second output See 1PPS
output
on-the-fly (OTF) initialization 8, 110
operating controls 114
operating temperature 17, 80, 152
OTF initialization See on-the-fly
initialization
output formats
1PPS 8, 82, 99
CMR 9, 111
GSOF 82
NMEA 9, 111, 169
RT17 82, 85, 155, 159
RTCM 9, 111
Trimble R7 receiver 82
Trimble R8 receiver 155
Output Message record, in application
file 55, 135
overriding default settings 136
P
parts of the receiver 12–17
physical specifications 80, 152
pinout information 162
R7 92
pinouts
data/power cable 94, 164, 165
event marker/1PPS cable 96
serial ports 93, 163
pole diameter 24
pole-mounted setup
pole diameter 24
Trimble R7 receiver 22
Index
206 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
Trimble R8 receiver 118
TSC1/TSCe controller 26
Port 1
connector pin locations 93
default baud rate 85, 159
default serial format 85, 159
event marker input 100
flow control 85, 159
icon 16, 116
pinout diagram 93, 163
pinout functions 93
power output 49, 131
Port 2
1PPS output 100
connector pin locations 93
default baud rate 85, 159
default serial format 85, 159
event marker input 100
icon 16, 116
pinout diagram 93, 163
pinout functions 93
Port 3
connector pin locations 93
default baud rate 85
default power output 85
default serial format 85
flow control 85, 159
icon 16
pinout diagram 93, 163
pinout functions 93
power output 49, 50, 131
port settings, checking 198
Position Error Statistics message 177
position logging rate, default 86
positioning specifications 81, 153
postprocessed setup 20
power
external 49
minimum to charge batteries 46
Power button 13, 38, 125
power cable, pinouts 94, 164, 165
Power LEDs See Battery LEDs
power output
automatically enabling on Port 3 50
enabling on Port 3 49, 131
on Port 1 49, 131
power source 129
power supply 46
Power Up application file
overriding factory defaults with 84,
158
Trimble R7 receiver 57
Trimble R8 receiver 137
power up application file 57
power/data ports 15
Power_Up.cfg
overriding factory defaults with 84,
158
Trimble R7 receiver 57
Trimble R8 receiver 137
powering down the receiver 39, 125
powering up the receiver 39, 41, 125, 126
problems, troubleshooting 193–194
Projection Type message 183
PTNL,GGK message 179
PTNL,GGK message, Time, Position,
Position Type, DOP 178
PTNL,GGK_SYNC message 180
PTNL,PJK message 182
PTNL,PJT message 183
PTNL,VGK message 183
PTNL,VHD message 184
pulse, for 1PPS output 102
Q
quick format 36, 43, 196
Index
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 207
R
radio antenna port 9, 16, 111, 198
Radio LED 41
RADIO port
icon 16, 116
Trimble R7 receiver 16
troubleshooting 198
radio-modems, using 3
radios
internal 31, 120
Trimble R7 receiver 30
Trimble R8 receiver 119
TRIMMARK 3 30, 120
TRIMMARK IIe 30, 120
TRIMTALK 450S 30, 120
Range Pole antenna See RPA
raw observations 68
real time, configuring receiver in 54, 134
rear panel 14, 115
receiver
bracket 24, 25
catch lock 14, 115
changing default settings 137
configuring 134
connecting to devices 162
current configuration 136
data files 66
firmware files 68
resetting 136
receiver setup 11–36, 113–121
red LED 40
Reference Position record, in application
file 55, 135
reference position, default 86, 159
reference receiver, charging batteries 47
reference station
default settings 85, 159
reformatting CompactFlash card 44
registration 2
release notes 2
reset
full 196
soft 196
to factory defaults 39, 86, 125, 160
Trimble R8 receiver 136
rover, charging batteries 47
RPA 28
RPA bracket 22
RS-232 ports 9
RT17 output
default settings 85, 159
Trimble R7 receiver 82
Trimble R8 receiver 155
RTCM input 9, 111
RTCM output
default settings 85
messages 190
Trimble R7 receiver 9
Trimble R8 receiver 111
RTK engine 8, 110
RTK/OTF data 8, 110
rubber duck antenna 22, 28
S
safety 4
Satellite Information message 178
Satellite LED See SV Tracking LED
scheduling logging sessions 58
security limits 112
serial format, default setting 85, 159
Serial Port Baud/Format record, in
application file 55, 135
serial ports
pinouts 93, 164
Trimble R7 receiver 8, 9, 15
setup
backpack 28
Index
208 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
guidelines 18, 117
pole-mounted 22, 118
postprocessed survey 20
Trimble R7 receiver 11–36
Trimble R8 receiver 113–121
TSC1/TSCe controller 26
signal processing 82, 154
size
Trimble R7 receiver 80
Trimble R8 receiver 152
Sleep mode 40, 59, 90
SNR mask, default setting 85
soft reset 196
special application files 56
specifications
physical 80, 152
positioning 81, 153
technical 82, 154
Trimble R7 receiver 79–82
Trimble R8 receiver 151–155
standby, battery 41
starting logging manually 39
start-up specifications 82, 154
Static surveying
specifications 81, 153
Static/Kinematic record, in application
file 55, 135
stopping logging manually 39
storage temperature 17, 80, 152
storing application files 59, 138
streamed output, default settings 85, 159
submeter-level accuracy 8, 110
supported file types 68
Survey Controller software See Trimble
Survey Controller software
SV Enable/Disable record, in application
file 55, 135
SV enabling, default settings 85, 159
SV Tracking LED 40
switching the receiver on and off 39, 41,
125, 126
Synchronized RTK mode, specifications 81,
153
T
T01 files 67
technical specifications 82, 154
temperature
operating range 17, 80, 152
storage range 17, 80, 152
time tag definition 103
time values in NMEA messages 173
Time, Position, and Fix Related Data
message 175
Time, Position, and Fix Related Data, GGA
message 174
Time, Position, Position Type, DOP
message 179
Time, Synchronized Position, Position Type,
DOP message 180
Timed Activation record, in application
file 55
timed application file 58
timed application files 40, 58, 90
TNC connector 9, 97, 111
TNC ports 9, 111
top panel 15
tracking specifications 82, 154
transceiver See Trimble R8 internal
transmitter
transferring
data files from CompactFlash card 66
data files from the receiver 61
Trimble Binary Streamed Output See GSOF
output
Trimble Format (CMR) See CMR format
Trimble R7 receiver
backpack setup 28
Index
Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide 209
buttons 38
factory default settings 84
features 8
internal radio 31
LEDs 39
maximum number of application
files 56
output formats 82
parts of the receiver 12–17
pole-mounted setup 22
postprocessed setup 20
resetting to factory defaults 39, 86
setup 11–36
specifications 79–82
turning on and off 39, 41
upgrading firmware 50, 72
use and care 9
Trimble R8 internal transmitter 30
Trimble R8 receiver
buttons 125
factory default settings 158
inserting the internal battery 118
internal radio 120
LEDs 125
maximum number of application
files 136
output formats 155
parts of the receiver 114–116
pole-mounted setup 118
resetting to factory defaults 125, 160
setup 113–121
specifications 151–155
turning on and off 125, 126
upgrading firmware 132, 142
use and care 112
Trimble Survey Controller software
automatically enabling power
output 50
configuring the internal radio
with 120
configuring the receiver with 134
logging data to 43
Trimble web site 1, 34, 121
TRIMMARK 3 radio 30, 120
TRIMMARK IIe radio 30, 120
TRIMTALK radio 30, 120
troubleshooting 193–194
TSC1/TSCe controller
deleting files on receiver with 68
mounting on pole 26
power supply 48
setup 26
turning the receiver on and off 39, 41, 125,
126
Type approval 4
Type I CompactFlash cards 9, 36
types of files supported 68
U
U.S. Department of Commerce 10, 112
Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) See UTC
upgrading receiver firmware 50, 72, 132,
142
USB cable, connecting for data transfer 64
USB port 8, 9, 17, 82, 117
use and care of Trimble R7 receiver 9
use and care of Trimble R8 receiver 112
UTC Day, Month, and Year, and Local Time
Zone Offset message 187
UTC, NMEA time values 173
V
Vector Information message 183
voltage
minimum required to charge internal
batteries 46
of internal batteries 50
Index
210 Trimble R7/R8 GPS Receiver User Guide
VTG message 186
W
WA A S
specifications 81, 153
Trimble R7 receiver 8
Trimble R8 receiver 110
waking up, from Sleep mode 59
warm start, time required 82, 154
web site 1, 34, 121
weight
Trimble R7 receiver 80
Trimble R8 receiver 152
whip antenna 22
WinFLASH software
installing 72, 142
Trimble R8 receiver 71, 120, 141
upgrading receiver firmware with 72,
142
world wide web site 1, 34, 121
Y
yellow GPS antenna cable 16, 198
yellow LEDs 40, 41
yellow TNC port 16, 198
Z
ZDA message 187
Zephyr antenna 23
Zephyr Geodetic antenna 23

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