UBS Axcera LU1000AL 1000-Watt UHF Translator User Manual Amp
UBS-Axcera 1000-Watt UHF Translator Amp
Contents
- 1. Compiled Driver Manual
- 2. Compiled Amplifier Manual
Compiled Amplifier Manual
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Innovator
LX Series
Power Amplifier
Assembly
AXCERA, LLC
103 FREEDOM DRIVE P.O. BOX 525 LAWRENCE, PA 15055-0525 USA
(724) 873-8100 • FAX (724) 873-8105
www.axcera.com • info@axcera.com
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Table of Contents
LX Series, Rev. 0 November 25, 2003 i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
SECTION PAGE
1.1 Manual Overview ............................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Assembly Designation Numbers ......................................................... 1-1
1.3 Safety........................................................................................... 1-1
1.4 Maintenance.................................................................................. 1-2
1.5 Material Return Procedure................................................................. 1-2
1.6 Limited One-Year Warranty for Axcera Products .................................... 1-3
CHAPTER 2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION & REMOTE CONTROL CONNECTIONS
2.1 LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Overview...................................... 2-1
2.1.1 Power Amplifier Module, 250 Watt ............................................. 2-1
2.1.2 Power Supply Module Assembly................................................. 2-3
2.1.3 Front Panel LCD Display Screens ............................................... 2-3
2.2 System Operation ........................................................................... 2-3
2.2.1 Principles of Operation............................................................. 2-4
2.3 Customer Remote Connections .......................................................... 2-5
CHAPTER 3 SITE CONSIDERATIONS, INSTALLATION AND SETUP PROCEDURES
3.1 Site Considerations.......................................................................... 3-1
3.2 Unpacking the Chassis w/Modules, bandpass and trap filters.................... 3-4
3.3 Installing the Chassis w/Modules and filters.......................................... 3-4
3.4 AC Input ....................................................................................... 3-5
3.5 Setup and Operation........................................................................ 3-5
3.5.1 Input Connections .................................................................. 3-5
3.5.2 Front Panel Screens for the Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly ....... 3-7
3.5.3 Initial Turn On ......................................................................3-14
CHAPTER 4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONS
4.1 Power Amplifier Module .................................................................... 4-1
4.1.1 UHF Phase/Gain Board............................................................. 4-1
4.1.2 150 Watt Driver Pallet Assembly................................................ 4-1
4.1.3 150 Watt Driver, Dual Output Board........................................... 4-1
4.1.4 UHF Module Assembly, RF Module Pallet, Philips ........................... 4-2
4.1.5 2 Way UHF Combiner Assembly................................................. 4-2
4.1.6 Amplifier Control Board............................................................ 4-3
4.2 Power Supply Assembly.................................................................... 4-5
CHAPTER 5 DETAILED ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES
5.1 Module Replacement........................................................................ 5-1
5.1.1 Initial Test Setup.................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Innovator LX Series Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly .......................... 5-2
5.2.1 Linearity Correction Adjustment ................................................ 5-3
5.2.2 Frequency Response Delay Equalization Adjustment ...................... 5-4
5.2.3 Calibration of Forward Output Power Level................................... 5-4
5.2.4 Calibration of Reflected Output Power Level................................. 5-5
5.3 Bandpass Filter Assembly ................................................................. 5-5
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Table of Contents
LX Series, Rev. 0 November 25, 2003 ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS - (Continued)
5.4 UHF Trap Filter Assembly .................................................................. 5-5
5.4.1 The Effects of Tuning the Output Trap Filter................................. 5-6
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A INNOVATOR LX SERIES SPECIFICATIONS
APPENDIX B DRAWINGS AND PARTS LISTS
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Table of Contents
LX Series, Rev. 0 iii
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
3-1 1 kW Minimum Ventilation Configuration ....................................... 3-4
3-2 Front and Rear View Reconnection Drawing ................................... 3-5
3-3 Rear View of LX Series Translator................................................ 3-6
4-1 UHF Amplifier Module, 250 Watts................................................. 4-2
5-1 Typical Red Field Spectrum......................................................... 5-4
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Table of Contents
LX Series, Rev. 0 iv
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PAGE
2-1 LX Series Power Amplifier Assemblies ........................................... 2-1
2-2 Power Amplifier Status Indicators ................................................ 2-3
2-3 Power Amplifier Control Adjustments............................................ 2-3
2-4 Power Amplifier Sample ............................................................. 2-3
2-5 Pioneer Chassis Customer Remote Connections .......................2-5
3-1 Rear Chassis Connections for LX Series Translator........................... 3-6
3-2 Menu 01 Splash Screen #1......................................................... 3-7
3-3 Menu 02 Splash Screen #2......................................................... 3-7
3-4 Menu 10 Main Screen................................................................ 3-7
3-5 Menu 11 Error List Access Screen ................................................ 3-8
3-6 Menu 12 Translator Device Data Access Screen .............................. 3-8
3-7 Menu 13 Translator Configuration Access Screen............................. 3-8
3-8 Menu 20 Error List Display Screen................................................ 3-8
3-9 Menu 30 Translator Device Details Screen ..................................... 3-9
3-10 Menu 30-1 System Details Screens.............................................. 3-9
3-11 Translator Device Parameters Detail Screens.................................. 3-9
3-12 Menu 40 Translator Set Up: Power Raise/Lower Screen...................3-10
3-13 Menu 40-1 Translator Set Up: Model Select Screen ........................3-10
3-14 Menu 40-2 Translator Set Up: Frequency Select Screen...................3-11
3-15 Menu 40-3 Translator Set Up: Frequency Table Select Screen...........3-11
3-16 Menu 40-4 Translator Set Up: IF Frequency Screen........................3-11
3-17 Menu 40-5 Translator Set Up: Custom Frequency Select Screen........3-11
3-18 Menu 40-6 Translator Set Up: Xmtr. Set Up Serial Address Screen....3-12
3-19 Menu 40-7 Translator Set Up: Station ID Screen............................3-12
3-20 Menu 40-8 Translator Set Up: System Visual Power Cal. Screen........3-12
3-21 Menu 40-9 Translator Set Up: System Aural Power Cal. Screen.........3-12
3-22 Menu 40-10 Translator Set Up: System Rfltd. Power Cal. Screen.......3-13
3-23 Menu 40-11 Translator Set Up: Fwrd Pwr Fault Threshold Screen......3-13
3-24 Menu 40-12 Translator Set Up: Refl Power Fault Threshold Screen ....3-13
3-25 Menu 40-13 Translator Set Up: Remote Commands Control Screen ...3-13
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 0 1-1
Chapter 1
Introduction
This manual explains the installation,
setup, alignment, and maintenance
procedures for the Power Amplifier
Assembly for the Innovator LX Series
translator. It is important that you read
all of the instructions, especially the
safety information in this chapter, before
you begin to install or operate the unit.
1.1 Manual Overview
This instruction manual is divided into
five chapters and supporting appendices.
Chapter 1, Introduction, contains
information on the assembly numbering
system used in the manual, safety,
maintenance, return procedures, and
warranties. The second chapter describes
the amplifier assembly and includes
discussions on control and status
indicators and remote control
connections. Chapter 3 explains how to
unpack, install, setup, and operate the
power amplifier assembly. Chapter 4
contains circuit-level descriptions for
boards and board-level components in
the power amplifier. Chapter 5, Detailed
Alignment Procedures, provides
information on adjusting the power
amplifier and the system for optimal
operation. The appendices contain
assembly and subassembly drawings and
parts lists and the system specifications.
1.2 Assembly Designators
Axcera has assigned assembly numbers,
such as Ax (x=1,2,3…), to all assemblies,
trays, and boards that are referenced in
the text of this manual and shown on the
block diagrams and interconnect
drawings provided in the appendices.
These supporting documents are
arranged in increasing numerical order in
the appendices. Section titles in the text
for assembly or tray descriptions or
alignment procedures contain the
associated part number(s) and the
relevant appendix that contains the
drawings for that item.
1.3 Safety
The translators and associated power
amplifier assemblies manufactured by
Axcera are designed to be easy to use
and repair while providing protection
from electrical and mechanical hazards.
Listed throughout the manual are notes,
cautions, and warnings concerning
possible safety hazards that may be
encountered while operating or servicing
the translator. Please review these
warnings and familiarize yourself with the
operation and servicing procedures
before working on the assembly.
Read All Instructions – All of the
operating and safety instructions should
be read and understood before operating
this equipment.
Retain Manuals – The manuals for the
power amplifier assembly and the
translator should be retained at the
translator site for future reference. We
provide two sets of manuals for this
purpose; one set can be left at the office
while one set can be kept at the site.
Heed all Notes, Warnings, and
Cautions – All of the notes, warnings,
and cautions listed in this safety section
and throughout the manual must be
followed.
Follow Instructions – All of the
operating and use instructions for the
amplifier assembly should be followed.
Cleaning – Unplug or otherwise
disconnect all power from the equipment
before cleaning. Do not use liquid or
aerosol cleaners. Use a damp cloth for
cleaning.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 0 1-2
Ventilation – Openings in the cabinets
and modules front panels are provided
for ventilation. To ensure the reliable
operation of the amplifier assembly, and
to protect the unit from overheating,
these openings must not be blocked.
Servicing – Do not attempt to service
this product yourself until becoming
familiar with the equipment. If in doubt,
refer all servicing questions to qualified
Axcera service personnel.
Replacement Parts – When
replacement parts are used, be sure that
the parts have the same functional and
performance characteristics as the
original part. Unauthorized substitutions
may result in fire, electric shock, or other
hazards. Please contact the Axcera
Technical Service Department if you have
any questions regarding service or
replacement parts.
1.4 Maintenance
The LX Series Translator is designed with
components that require little or no
periodic maintenance except for the
routine cleaning of the fans and the front
panels of the modules.
The amount of time between cleanings
depends on the conditions within the
translator room. While the electronics
have been designed to function even if
covered with dust, a heavy buildup of
dust, dirt, or insects will affect the
cooling of the components. This could
lead to a thermal shutdown or the
premature failure of the affected
modules.
When the front panels of the modules
become dust covered, the top covers
should be taken off and any accumulated
foreign material should be removed. A
vacuum cleaner, utilizing a small, wand-
type attachment, is an excellent way to
suction out the dirt. Alcohol and other
cleaning agents should not be used
unless you are certain that the solvents
will not damage components or the silk-
screened markings on the modules and
boards. Water-based cleaners can be
used, but do not saturate the
components. The fans and heatsinks
should be cleaned of all dust or dirt to
permit the free flow of air for cooling
purposes.
It is recommended that the operating
parameters of the amplifier assembly and
translator be recorded from the LEDs on
the modules and the LCD system
metering on the control/monitoring
module at least once a month. It is
suggested that this data be retained in a
rugged folder or envelope.
1.5 Material Return Procedure
To insure the efficient handling of
equipment or components that have been
returned for repair, Axcera requests that
each returned item be accompanied by a
Material Return Authorization Number
(MRA#).
An MRA# can be obtained from any
Axcera Field Service Engineer by
contacting the Axcera Field Service
Department at (724) 873-8100 or by fax
at (724) 873-8105. This procedure
applies to all items sent to the Field
Service Department regardless of
whether the item was originally
manufactured by Axcera.
When equipment is sent to the field on
loan, an MRA# is included with the unit.
The MRA# is intended to be used when
the unit is returned to Axcera. In
addition, all shipping material should be
retained for the return of the unit to
Axcera.
Replacement assemblies are also sent
with an MRA# to allow for the proper
routing of the exchanged hardware.
Failure to close out this type of MRA# will
normally result in the customer being
invoiced for the value of the loaner item
or the exchange assembly.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 0 1-3
When shipping an item to Axcera, please
include the MRA# on the packing list and
on the shipping container. The packing
slip should also include contact
information and a brief description of why
the unit is being returned.
Please forward all MRA items to:
AXCERA, LLC
103 Freedom Drive
P.O. Box 525
Lawrence, PA 15055-0525 USA
For more information concerning this
procedure, call the Axcera Field Service
Department.
Axcera can also be contacted through e-
mail at info@axcera.com and on the
Web at www.axcera.com.
1.6 Limited One-Year Warranty for
Axcera Products
Axcera warrants each new product that
it has manufactured and sold against
defects in material and workmanship
under normal use and service for a
period of one (1) year from the date of
shipment from Axcera's plant, when
operated in accordance with Axcera's
operating instructions. This warranty
shall not apply to tubes, fuses,
batteries, or bulbs.
Warranties are valid only when and if
(a) Axcera receives prompt written
notice of breach within the period of
warranty, (b) the defective product is
properly packed and returned by the
buyer (transportation and insurance
prepaid), and (c) Axcera determines, in
its sole judgment, that the product is
defective and not subject to any misuse,
neglect, improper installation,
negligence, accident, or (unless
authorized in writing by Axcera) repair
or alteration. Axcera's exclusive liability
for any personal and/or property
damage (including direct, consequential,
or incidental) caused by the breach of
any or all warranties, shall be limited to
the following: (a) repairing or replacing
(in Axcera's sole discretion) any
defective parts free of charge (F.O.B.
Axcera’s plant) and/or (b) crediting (in
Axcera's sole discretion) all or a portion
of the purchase price to the buyer.
Equipment furnished by Axcera, but not
bearing its trade name, shall bear no
warranties other than the special hours-
of-use or other warranties extended by
or enforceable against the manufacturer
at the time of delivery to the buyer.
NO WARRANTIES, WHETHER
STATUTORY, EXPRESSED, OR
IMPLIED, AND NO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR
ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR
FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT,
OR THE LIKE, OTHER THAN AS
SPECIFIED IN PATENT LIABILITY
ARTICLES, AND IN THIS ARTICLE,
SHALL APPLY TO THE EQUIPMENT
FURNISHED HEREUNDER.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 0 1-4
FF WARNING!!!
×× HIGH VOLTAGE ØØ
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPAIR OR TROUBLESHOOT THIS EQUIPMENT UNLESS
YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH ITS OPERATION AND EXPERIENCED IN
SERVICING HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT. LETHAL VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT
WHEN POWER IS APPLIED TO THIS SYSTEM. IF POSSIBLE, TURN OFF
POWER BEFORE MAKING ADJUSTMENTS TO THE SYSTEM.
«« RADIO FREQUENCY RADIATION HAZARD ««
MICROWAVE, RF AMPLIFIERS AND TUBES GENERATE HAZARDOUS RF
RADIATION THAT CAN CAUSE SEVERE INJURY INCLUDING CATARACTS,
WHICH CAN RESULT IN BLINDNESS. SOME CARDIAC PACEMAKERS MAY BE
AFFECTED BY THE RF ENERGY EMITTED BY RF AND MICROWAVE
AMPLIFIERS. NEVER OPERATE THE TRANSLATOR SYSTEM WITHOUT A
PROPERLY MATCHED RF ENERGY ABSORBING LOAD ATTACHED. KEEP
PERSONNEL AWAY FROM OPEN WAVEGUIDES AND ANTENNAS. NEVER LOOK
INTO AN OPEN WAVEGUIDE OR ANTENNA. MONITOR ALL PARTS OF THE RF
SYSTEM FOR RADIATION LEAKAGE AT REGULAR INTERVALS.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 0 1-5
EMERGENCY FIRST AID INSTRUCTIONS
Personnel engaged in the installation, operation, or maintenance of this equipment are urged to become
familiar with the following rules both in theory and practice. It is the duty of all operating personnel to be
prepared to give adequate Emergency First Aid and thereby prevent avoidable loss of life.
RESCUE BREATHING
1. Find out if the person is
breathing.
You must find out if the person
has stopped breathing. If you
think he is not breathing, place
him flat on his back. Put your ear
close to his mouth and look at his
chest. If he is breathing you can
feel the air on your cheek. You
can see his chest move up and
down. If you do not feel the air
or see the chest move, he is not
breathing.
2. If he is not breathing, open
the airway by tilting his head
backwards.
Lift up his neck with one hand
and push down on his forehead
with the other. This opens the
airway. Sometimes doing this will
let the person breathe again by
himself.
3. If he is still not breathing,
begin rescue breathing.
-Keep his head tilted backward.
Pinch nose shut.
-Put your mouth tightly over his
mouth.
-Blow into his mouth once every
five seconds
-DO NOT STOP rescue breathing
until help arrives.
LOOSEN CLOTHING - KEEP
WARM
Do this when the victim is
breathing by himself or help is
available. Keep him as quiet as
possible and from becoming
chilled. Otherwise treat him for
shock.
BURNS
SKIN REDDENED: Apply ice cold water to burned
area to prevent burn from going deeper into skin
tissue. Cover area with clean sheet or cloth to keep
away air. Consult a physician.
SKIN BLISTERED OR FLESH CHARRED: Apply ice
cold water to burned area to prevent burn from
going deeper into skin tissue.
Cover area with clean sheet or cloth to keep away
air. Treat victim for shock and take to hospital.
EXTENSIVE BURN - SKIN BROKEN: Cover area with
clean sheet or cloth to keep away air. Treat victim
for shock and take to hospital.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 0 1-6
dBm, dBw, dBmV, dBµµV, & VOLTAGE
EXPRESSED IN WATTS
50 Ohm System
WATTS PREFIX dBm dBw dBm
V dBµV VOLTAGE
1,000,000,000,000 1 TERAWATT +150 +120
100,000,000,000 100 GIGAWATTS +140 +110
10,000,000,000 10 GIGAWATTS +130 +100
1,000,000,000 1 GIGAWATT +120 + 99
100,000,000 100 MEGAWATTS +110 + 80
10,000,000 10 MEGAWATTS +100 + 70
1,000,000 1 MEGAWATT + 90 + 60
100,000 100 KILOWATTS + 80 + 50
10,000 10 KILOWATTS + 70 + 40
1,000 1 KILOWATT + 60 + 30
100 1 HECTROWATT + 50 + 20
50 + 47 + 17
20 + 43 + 13
10 1 DECAWATT + 40 + 10
1 1 WATT + 30 0 + 77 +137 7.07V
0.1 1 DECIWATT + 20 - 10 + 67 +127 2.24V
0.01 1 CENTIWATT + 10 - 20 + 57 +117 0.707V
0.001 1 MILLIWATT 0 - 30 + 47 +107 224mV
0.0001 100 MICROWATTS - 10 - 40
0.00001 10 MICROWATTS - 20 - 50
0.000001 1 MICROWATT - 30 - 60
0.0000001 100 NANOWATTS - 40 - 70
0.00000001 10 NANOWATTS - 50 - 80
0.000000001 1 NANOWATT - 60 - 90
0.0000000001 100 PICOWATTS - 70 -100
0.00000000001 10 PICOWATTS - 80 -110
0.000000000001 1 PICOWATT - 90 -120
TEMPERATURE CONVERSION
°°F = 32 + [(9/5) °°C]
°°C = [(5/9) (°°F - 32)]
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 0 1-7
USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS
TO CONVERT FROM TO MULTIPLY BY
mile (US statute) kilometer (km) 1.609347
inch (in) millimeter (mm) 25.4
inch (in) centimeter (cm) 2.54
inch (in) meter (m) 0.0254
foot (ft) meter (m) 0.3048
yard (yd) meter (m) 0.9144
mile per hour (mph) kilometer per hour(km/hr) 1.60934
mile per hour (mph) meter per second (m/s) 0.44704
pound (lb) kilogram (kg) 0.4535924
gallon (gal) liter 3.7854118
U.S. liquid
(One U.S. gallon equals 0.8327 Canadian gallon)
fluid ounce (fl oz) milliliters (ml) 29.57353
British Thermal Unit watt (W) 0.2930711
per hour (Btu/hr)
horsepower (hp) watt (W) 746
NOMENCLATURE OF FREQUENCY BANDS
FREQUENCY RANGE DESIGNATION
3 to 30 kHz VLF - Very Low Frequency
30 to 300 kHz LF - Low Frequency
300 to 3000 kHz MF - Medium Frequency
3 to 30 MHz HF - High Frequency
30 to 300 MHz VHF - Very High Frequency
300 to 3000 MHz UHF - Ultrahigh Frequency
3 to 30 GHz SHF - Superhigh Frequency
30 to 300 GHz EHF - Extremely High Frequency
LETTER DESIGNATIONS FOR UPPER FREQUENCY
BANDS
LETTER FREQ. BAND
L 1000 - 2000 MHz
S 2000 - 4000 MHz
C 4000 - 8000 MHz
X 8000 - 12000 MHz
Ku 12 - 18 GHz
K 18 - 27 GHz
Ka 27 - 40 GHz
V 40 - 75 GHz
W 75 - 110 GHz
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 0 1-8
ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS
AC Alternating Current
AFC Automatic Frequency Control
ALC Automatic Level Control
AM Amplitude modulation
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AWG American wire gauge
BER Bit Error Rate
BW Bandwidth
DC Direct Current
D/A Digital to analog
dB Decibel
dBm Decibel referenced to 1 milliwatt
dBmV Decibel referenced to 1 millivolt
dBw Decibel referenced to 1 watt
FEC Forward Error Correction
FM Frequency modulation
Hz Hertz
ICPM Incidental Carrier Phase Modulation
I/P Input
IF Intermediate Frequency
LED Light emitting diode
LSB Lower Sideband
MPEG Motion Pictures Expert Group
O/P Output
PLL Phase Locked Loop
PCB Printed circuit board
QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 1, Introduction
LX Series, Rev. 0 1-9
RETURN LOSS VS. VSWR
1.001 1.01 1.1 2.0
VSWR
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
R
E
T
U
R
N
L
O
S
S
dB
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description
& Remote Control Connections
LX Series, Rev. 0 2-1
Chapter 2
Amplifier Assembly Description & Remote Control Connections
2.1 LX Series Power Amplifier
Assembly Overview
The (A3) power amplifier assembly in the
LX Series contains modular television
amplifiers that slide into the assembly.
There is also needed one external Power
Supply Module Assembly for every two
PA modules, which also slide into the
Power amplifier assembly, under the PA
Modules. Four PA modules and two
Power Supply modules are the maximum
number of modules in a Power Amplifier
Assembly. The RF output of the (A2)
exciter/driver at the “N” connector J25
connects to the power amplifier assembly
at the “N” connector J200. A system
serial cable connects from the Power
Amplifier Assembly at J232 to J34 on the
exciter/driver assembly. If more than
two PA modules are used then another
serial port J233 is also connected to the
exciter/driver. The output of the
amplifier assembly at the “N” connector
J205 is cabled to A9 the bandpass filter
for the system. The filtered output can
connect to (A10) the Optional 1 section
or 2 section trap filter that provides even
more filtering as needed. The filtered
output is connected to A11 a coupler
assembly that supplies a forward and
reflected sample to the A4 Visual/Aural
Metering Board. The Visual/Aural
Metering Board supplies reflected, visual
and aural output power samples to the
exciter/driver for metering purposes.
The RF output for the translator is at J2
the 7/8” EIA connector on the A11
coupler assembly.
The LX Series power amplifier assembly
is made up of the modules and
assemblies listed in Table 2-1.
Table 2-1: LX Series Power Amplifier Assemblies
ASSEMBLY DESIGNATOR ASSEMBLY NAME PART NUMBER
Chassis Assembly CB001274
A3 Power Amplifier Assembly,
250 Watt 1302868
Power Supply Assembly 1302893
A11 Coupler Assembly
A4 Visual/Aural Metering Board 1265-1309
2.1.1 Power Amplifier Module
Assembly, 250Watt (1302868;
Appendix B)
The Power Amplifier Module Assembly is
made up of (A6) an Amplifier Control
Board (1301962), (A1) a UHF Phase/Gain
Board (1303213), (A2) a 150 Watt Driver
Pallet Assembly (1303293), (A3 & A4)
two RF Module Pallets, Philips (1300116),
and (A5) a 2-Way Combiner Board
(1303208).
The Power Amplifier Module contains
Broadband LDMOS amplifiers that cover
the entire UHF band with no tuning
required. Each module amplifies the RF
to a nominal 300W output power.
The Power Amplifier assembly is used to
amplify the RF output of the
Translator/Exciter Driver. A cable,
located on the rear chassis, connects the
RF output from the Exciter/Driver at J25
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description
& Remote Control Connections
LX Series, Rev. 0 2-2
to J200 the RF input to the PA Assembly.
This module contains RF monitoring
circuitry for both an analog and a digital
system. Control and monitoring lines to
the Power Amplifier module are routed
through the floating blind-mate
connector of the Control &
Monitoring/Power Supply module.
The 100 Watt Translator/Exciter Driver
Power Amplifier module and any
External Amplifier modules contain the
same control and monitoring board.
This board monitors RF output power,
RF reflected power, the current draw of
amplifier sections, the supply voltage,
and the temperature of the PA heat sink.
The RF power detector circuit outputs
vary with operating frequency. These
circuits must be calibrated at their
intended operating frequency. Front
panel adjustment potentiometers are
used to calibrate the following:
Table 1: Power Amplifier Calibration
Adjustments in Analog Systems
R201 Reflected Power Cal
R202 Forward Power Cal
R204 Meter Offset Zero
In analog systems, the Aural power of
an Exciter Driver Power Amplifier and
the Aural power of any external
amplifier will not be reported by the
system Control Monitoring module.
Additionally the Visual power of these
amplifiers, is reported as Forward Power
just like in digital systems. In analog
systems, aural and visual power will only
be reported for the final system RF
output.
In digital systems, the Forward power of
an Exciter Driver Power Amplifier and
the Forward power of any external
amplifier, is reported by the system
Control Monitoring module.
If the Control Monitoring module is
monitoring a 5-50 Watt Digital or 10-
100 Watt Analog Translator, system
power is measured in the Power
Amplifier module. The wired
connections are transferred through the
power supply connector to the
backplane board on a five position
header. All four positions of control
board switch SW1 must be set on to
route these lines as the system's RF
power signals. In systems of output
power greater than 50 Watts digital or
100 Watts aural, system power is
monitored by an external module that is
connected to TB31 and control board
SW1 switches must be set off.
The Forward Power of the
Translator/Exciter Driver Power Amplifier
module is routed to the Upconverter
module as AGC #1. A system over-
drive condition is detected when this
value rises above 0.9 VDC. When an
over-drive condition is detected, the
Upconverter module reduces its RF
output level. For values less than 0.9
VDC, the Upconverter uses this voltage
for automatic gain.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description
& Remote Control Connections
LX Series, Rev. 0 2-3
Table 2-2. Power Amplifier Status Indicator
LED FUNCTION
ENABLED
(Green)
When lit Green, it indicates that the PA is in the Operate Mode. If a
Mute occurs, the PA will remain Enabled, until the input signal is
returned.
DC OK
(Green) When lit Green, it indicates that the fuse protected DC inputs to the
PA module are OK.
TEMP
(Green) When lit Green, it indicates that the temperature of the heatsink
assembly in the module is below 78C.
MOD OK
(Green) When lit Green, it indicates that the PA Module is operating and has
no faults.
Table 2-3. Power Amplifier Control Adjustments
POTENTIOMETERS DESCRIPTION
RFL CAL Adjusts the gain of the Reflected Power monitoring circuit
VISUAL CAL Adjusts the gain of the Visual / Forward Power monitoring circuit
METER ZERO Adjusts the offset of the Forward Power monitoring circuit
Table 2-4. Power Amplifier Sample
DISPLAY FUNCTION
FWD SAMPLE RF sample of the amplified signal being sent out the module on J25.
2.1.2 Power Supply Module
Assembly, 1kW LX Series (1302863;
Appendix B)
The Power Supply Module Assembly is
made up of (A1) a +32V/2000W
Switching Power Supply and (A2) a
±12V/40W Switching Power Supply.
The power supply module provides the
+32 VDC and the +12 VDC and –12 VDC
to the power amplifier module assembly.
2.1.3 Front Panel Display Screens
A 4 x 20 display located on the front of
the Control & Monitoring/Power Supply
Module is used in the LX Series
translator for control of the operation
and display of the operating parameters
of the entire translator.
2.2 System Operation
When the translator is in operate, as set
by the menu screen located on the
Control & Monitoring Module in the
exciter/driver assembly. The IF
Processor will be enabled, the mute
indicator on the front panel will be
extinguished. The +32 VDC stage of the
Power Supply in the Control & Monitoring
Module is enabled, the operate indicator
on the front panel is lit and the DC OK on
the front panel should also be green.
The enable and DC OK indicators on the
PA Module will also be green.
When the translator is in standby. The IF
Processor will be disabled, the mute
indicator on the front panel will be red.
The +32 VDC stage of the Power Supply
in the Control & Monitoring Module is
disabled, the operate indicator on the
front panel will be extinguished and the
DC OK on the front panel should remain
green. The enable indicator on the PA
Module is also extinguished.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description
& Remote Control Connections
LX Series, Rev. 0 2-4
If the translator does not switch to
Operate when the operate menu is
switched to Operate, check that all faults
are cleared and that the remote control
terminal block stand-by signal is not
active.
The translator can be controlled by the
presence of a modulated input signal. If
the input signal to the translator is lost,
the translator will automatically cutback
and the input fault indicator on the IF
Processor module will light. When the
video input signal returns, the translator
will automatically return to full power and
the input fault indicator will be
extinguished.
2.2.1 Principles of Operation
Operating Modes
This translator is either operating or in
standby mode. The sections below
discuss the characteristics of each of
these modes.
Operate Mode
Operate mode is the normal mode for
the translator when it is providing RF
power output. To provide RF power to
the output, the translator will not be in
mute. Mute is a special case of the
operate mode where the +32 VDC
section of the power supply is enabled
but there is no RF output power from
the translator. This condition is the
result of a fault condition that causes
the firmware to hold the IF Processor
module in a mute state.
Operate Mode with Mute Condition
The translator will remain in the operate
mode but will be placed in mute when
the following fault conditions exists in
the translator.
• Upconverter is unlocked
• Upconverter module is not present
• IF Processor module is not present
• Modulator (if present) is in
Aural/Visual Mute
Entering Operate Mode
Entering the operate mode can be
initiated a few different ways by the
translator control board. A list of the
actions that cause the operate mode to
be entered is given below:
• A low on the Remote Translator
Operate line.
• User selects "OPR" using switches
and menus of the front panel.
• Receipt of an “Operate CMD” over
the serial interface.
There are several fault or interlock
conditions that may exist in the
translator that will prevent the translator
from entering the operate mode. These
conditions are:
• Power Amplifier heat sink
temperature greater than 78C.
• Translator is Muted due to conditions
listed above.
• Power Amplifier Interlock is high
indicating that the amplifier is not
installed.
Standby Mode
The standby mode in the translator
indicates that the output amplifier of the
translator is disabled.
Entering Standby Mode
Similar to the operate mode, the
standby mode is entered using various
means. These are:
• A low on the Remote Translator
Stand-By line.
• Depressing the “STB” key on
selected front panel menus.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description
& Remote Control Connections
LX Series, Rev. 0 2-5
• Receipt of a “Standby CMD” over the
serial interface.
Operating Frequency
The LX Series translator controller is
designed to operate on UHF and VHF
frequencies. The exact output frequency
of the translator can be set to one of the
standard UHF frequencies, or it can be
set to a custom frequency using
software set-up menus. Since RF
performance of the translator requires
different hardware for different
frequency bands, not all frequency
configurations are valid for a specific
translator. The Power detectors in the
translator have frequency dependency,
therefore detectors of power amplifiers
are calibrated at their frequency of use.
The detectors for System RF monitoring
are also calibrated at the desired
frequency of use.
2.3 Customer Remote Connections
The remote monitoring and operation of
the translator is provided through
terminal blocks TB30 and TB31 located
on the rear of the chassis assembly. If
remote connections are made to the
translator, they must be made through
terminal blocks TB30 and TB31 at the
positions noted on the translator
interconnect drawing and Table 2-5.
Table 2-5: LX Series Chassis Assembly Hard Wired Remote Interface Connections to
TB30 or TB31, 18 pos. Terminal Blocks Located on the Rear of the Assembly
Signal Name Pin
Designations Signal Type/Description
RMT Translator
State TB30-1 Discrete Open Collector Output - A low indicates that the
translator is in the operate mode.
RMT Translator
Interlock TB30-2
Discrete Open Collector Output - A low indicated the
translator is OK or completes an interlock daisy chain.
When the translator is not faulted, the interlock circuit is
completed.
RMT Translator
Interlock
Isolated Return TB30-3
Ground - Configurable ground return which can be either
jumpered directly to ground or it can be the “source” pin
of an FET so that the translator interlock can be daisy
chained with other translators. This signal does not
directly interface to the microcontroller.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description
& Remote Control Connections
LX Series, Rev. 0 2-6
Signal Name Pin
Designations Signal Type/Description
RMT AUX IO 1 TB30-4
RMT AUX IO 2 TB30-5
Discrete Open Collector Inputs, Discrete Open Drain
Outputs, or 0 - 5 VDC Analog Input - When used as an
output, this line is pulled to +5 VDC with a 1.0 kÙ
resistor for logic high and pulled to ground for a low. A
diode allows this line to be pulled up to 12 VDC. When
used as a digital input, this line considers all values over
2 Volts as high and those under 1 volt as low. As an
analog input, this line is protected by a 5.1 zener diode.
RMT
Translator
Operate TB30-6 Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to ground on
this line indicates that the translator is to be placed into
the operate mode.
RMT
Translator
Stand-By TB30-7 Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to ground on
this line indicates that the translator is to be placed into
the standby mode.
RMT Power
Raise TB30-8 Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to ground on
this line indicates that the translator power is to be
raised.
RMT Power
Lower TB30-9 Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to ground on
this line indicates that the translator power is to be
lowered.
RMT
System Reflect
Power TB30-10
Analog Output - 0 to 4.0 V- This is a buffered loop
through of the calibrated “System Reflected Power ” and
indicates the translator's reflected output power. The
scale factor is 25%/3.2V.
RMT System
Visual/Forward
Power TB30-11
Analog Output - 0 to 4.0 V- This is a buffered loop
through of the calibrated “System Visual/Avg. Power ”.
Indicates the translator's Visual / Average power. Scale
factor is 100%/3.2V.
RMT
System Aural
Power TB30-12
Analog Output - 0 to 4.0 V- This is a buffered loop
through of the calibrated “System Aural Power ”.
Indicates the translator's forward Aural output power.
The scale factor is 100%/3.2V.
RMT Spare 1 TB30-13 Remote connection to spare module - Use is TBD.
RMT Spare 2 TB30-14 Remote connection to spare module - Use is TBD.
System Reflect
Power TB31-13 Analog Input - 0 to 1.00 V- This is the input of the
“System Reflected Power ” indicating the translator's
reflected output power. The scale factor is 25%/0.80V.
System Visual /
Forward Power TB31-14
Analog Input - 0 to 1.00 V- This is the input of the
“System Visual / Forward Power ” indicating the
translator's forward Visual / Forward output power. The
scale factor is 100%/0.80V.
System Aural
Power TB31-15 Analog Input - 0 to 1.00 V- This is the input of the
“System Aural Power ” indicating the translator's forward
Aural output power. The scale factor is 100%/0.80V.
IF Processor
IF Signal Select TB31-3
Discrete Open Collector Input - A low indicates that the
modulator IF source is to be used by the IF Processor
module. When floating an analog IP Processor module
may use the Modulated IF Input if the IF Processor sled
is so configured.
IF Processor TB31-4
Analog Output - 0 to 5.00 V- This is the input of IF
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 2, Amplifier Assembly Description
& Remote Control Connections
LX Series, Rev. 0 2-7
Signal Name Pin
Designations Signal Type/Description
DLC Voltage Processor module for digital system RF output power
control.
UC AGC #2
Voltage TB31-5
Auxiliary Analog Input - 0 to 1V- This voltage is used by
the Upconverter for gain control. Linear signal with
display resolution of 0.01 %. Primary signal source is
J34-1.
RMT Ground TB30-15, and
17 Ground pins available through Remote
RMT Ground TB31-1, 2, 6
to 12, and 17 Ground pins available through Remote
RMT +12 VDC TB30-16
TB31-16 +12 VDC available through Remote w/ 2 Amp re-settable
fuse
RMT -12 VDC TB30-18
TB31-18 -12 VDC available through Remote w/ 2 Amp re-settable
fuse
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-1
Chapter 3
Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures
There are special considerations that
need to be taken into account before the
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly and
exciter/driver assembly can be installed.
For example, if the installation is
completed during cool weather, a heat-
related problem may not surface for
many months, suddenly appearing during
the heat of summer. This section
provides planning information for the
installation and set up of the translator.
3.1 Site Considerations
The translator requires an AC input line
of 220 VAC @ 5 amps for the Driver
Assembly and an AC line for each 500
Watt Amplifier Assembly of 220 VAC @
17 amps maximum.
The LX Series Translators are designed
and built to provide long life with a
minimum of maintenance. The
environment in which they are placed is
important and certain precautions must
be taken. The three greatest dangers to
the translator are heat, dirt, and
moisture. Heat is usually the greatest
problem, followed by dirt, and then
moisture. Over-temperature can cause
heat-related problems such as thermal
runaway and component failure. Each
amplifier module in the translator
contains a thermal interlock protection
circuit that will shut down that module
until the temperature drops to an
acceptable level.
A suitable environment for the translator
can enhance the overall performance and
reliability of the translator and maximize
revenues by minimizing downtime. A
properly designed facility will have an
adequate supply of cool, clean air, free of
airborne particulates of any kind, and no
excessive humidity. An ideal environment
will require temperature in the range of
40° F to 70° F throughout the year,
reasonably low humidity, and a dust-free
room. It should be noted that this is
rarely if ever attainable in the real world.
However, the closer the environment is
to this design, the greater the operating
capacity of the translator.
The fans are designed and built into the
translator will remove the heat from
within the modules, but additional means
are required for removing this heat from
the building. To achieve this, a few issues
need to be resolved. The first step is to
determine the amount of heat to be
removed from the translator room. There
are generally three sources of heat that
must be considered. The first and most
obvious is the heat from the translator
itself. This amount can be determined for
a 100W translator by subtracting the
average power to the antenna (69.5
watts) from the AC input power (675
watts) and taking this number in watts
(605.5) and then multiplying it by 3.41.
This gives a result of 2,065, the BTUs to
be removed every hour. 12,000 BTUs per
hour equals one ton. Therefore, a 1/4-
ton air conditioner will cool a 100W
translator.
The second source of heat is other
equipment in the same room. This
number is calculated in the same way as
the equation for BTUs. The third source
of heat is equally obvious but not as
simple to calculate. This is the heat
coming through the walls, roof, and
windows on a hot summer day. Unless
the underside is exposed, the floor is
usually not a problem. Determining this
number is usually best left up to a
qualified HVAC technician. There are far
too many variables to even estimate this
number without reviewing the detailed
drawings of the site that show all of the
construction details. The sum of these
three sources is the bulk of the heat that
must be removed. There may be other
sources of heat, such as personnel, and
all should be taken into account.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-2
Now that the amount of heat that must
be removed is known, the next step is to
determine how to accomplish this. The
options are air conditioning, ventilation,
or a combination of the two. Air
conditioning is always the preferred
method and is the only way to create
anything close to an ideal environment.
Ventilation will work quite well if the
ambient air temperature is below 100° F,
or about 38° C, and the humidity is kept
at a reasonable level. In addition, the air
stream must be adequately filtered to
ensure that no airborne particulates of
any kind will be carried into the
translator. The combination of air
conditioning for summer and ventilation
during the cooler months is acceptable
when the proper cooling cannot be
obtained through the use of ventilation
alone and using air conditioning
throughout the year is not feasible.
Caution: The use of air conditioning
and ventilation simultaneously is not
recommended. This can cause
condensation in the translators.
The following precautions should be
observed regarding air conditioning
systems:
1. Air conditioners have an ARI
nominal cooling capacity rating. In
selecting an air conditioner, do not
assume that this number can be
equated to the requirements of
the site. Make certain that the
contractor uses the actual
conditions that are to be
maintained at the site in
determining the size of the air
conditioning unit. With the desired
conditioned room temperature
under 80° F, the unit must be
derated, possibly by a substantial
amount.
2. Do not have the air conditioner
blowing directly onto the
translator. Under certain
conditions, condensation may
occur on, or worse in, the
translator.
3. Do not separate the front of the
translator from the back with the
thought of air conditioning only
the front of the unit. Cooling air is
drawn in at the front of all
translators and in the front and
back of others. Any attempt to
separate the front of the translator
from the rear of the unit will
adversely affect the flow of cooling
air.
4. Interlocking the translator with the
air conditioner is recommended to
keep the translator from operating
without the necessary cooling.
5. The periodic cleaning of all filters
is a must.
When using ventilation alone, the
following general statements apply:
1. The blower, with attendant filters,
should be on the inlet, thereby
pressurizing the room and
preventing dirt from entering the
translator.
2. The inlet and outlet vents should
be on the same side of the
building, preferably the leeward
side. As a result, the pressure
differential created by wind will be
minimized. Only the outlet vent
may be released through the roof.
3. The inlet and outlet vents should
be screened with 1/8-inch
hardware cloth (preferred) or
galvanized hardware cloth
(acceptable).
4. Cooling air should enter the room
as low as practical but in no case
higher than four feet above the
floor. The inlet must be located
where dirt, leaves, snow, etc., will
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-3
not be carried in with the cooling
air.
5. The exhaust should be located as
high as possible. Some ducting is
usually required to insure the
complete flushing of heated air
with no stagnant areas.
6. The filter area must be large
enough to insure a maximum air
velocity of 300 feet per minute
through the filter. This is not a
conservative number but a never-
exceed number. In a dusty or
remote location, this number
should be reduced to 150 CFM.
7. The inlet and outlet(s) must have
automatic dampers that close any
time the ventilation blower is off.
8. In those cases in which translators
are regularly off for a portion of
each day, a temperature-
differential sensor that controls a
small heater must be installed.
This sensor will monitor inside and
outside temperatures
simultaneously. If the inside
temperature falls to within 5° F of
the outside temperature, the
heater will come on. This will
prevent condensation when the
ventilation blower comes on and
should be used even in the
summer.
9. A controlled-air bypass system
must be installed to prevent the
temperature in the room from
falling below 40° F during
translator operation.
10. The blower should have two
speeds, which are thermostatically
controlled, and be interlocked with
the translator.
11. The blower on high speed must be
capable of moving the required
volume of air into a half inch of
water pressure at the required
elevation. The free air delivery
method must not be used.
12. Regular maintenance of the filters,
if used, can not be
overemphasized.
13. Above 4000 feet, for external
venting, the air vent on the
cabinet top must be increased to
an 8-inch diameter for a 1-kW
translator and to a 10-inch
diameter for 5-kW and 6-kW
translators. An equivalent
rectangular duct may be used but,
in all cases, the outlet must be
increased by 50% through the
outlet screen.
14. It is recommended that a site plan
be submitted to Axcera for
comments before installation
begins.
In calculating the blower requirements,
filter size, and exhaust size, if the total
load is known in watts, 2000 CFM into ½
inch of water will be required for each
5000 watts. If the load is known in BTUs,
2000 CFM into ½ inch of water will be
required for each 17,000 BTUs. The inlet
filter must be a minimum of seven
square feet, larger for dusty and remote
locations, for each 5000 watts or 17,000
BTUs. The exhaust must be at least four
square feet at the exhaust screen for
each 5000 watts or 17,000 BTUs.
The information presented in this section
is intended to serve only as a general
guide and may need to be modified for
unusually severe conditions. A
combination of air conditioning and
ventilation should not be difficult to
design (see Figure 3-1).
System interlocking and thermostat
settings should be reviewed with Axcera.
As with any equipment installation, it is
always good practice to consult the
manufacturer when questions arise.
Axcera can be contacted at (724) 873-
8100.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-4
Figure 3-1. 1 kW Minimum Ventilation Configuration
3.2 Unpacking the Chassis
w/modules, bandpass and optional
trap filters
Thoroughly inspect the chassis with
modules and all other materials upon
their arrival. Axcera certifies that upon
leaving our facility the equipment was
undamaged and in proper working order.
The shipping containers should be
inspected for obvious damage that
indicates rough handling.
Remove the chassis and modules, along
with bandpass filter and optional trap
Filter, from the crates and boxes.
Check for dents and scratches or broken
connectors, switches, display, or
connectors. Any claims against in-transit
damage should be directed to the carrier.
Inform Axcera as to the extent of any
damage as soon as possible.
The modules are mounted to the chassis
assembly with slides that are on the top
and the bottom of the modules. There
are two thumb screws on the front panel
that hold each of the modules in place.
3.3 Installing the Chassis w/modules
and filters
The exciter/driver and power amplifier
chassis assemblies are made to mount in
a standard 19” rack. The chassis
assemblies mount using the four #10
clearance mounting holes on the ends.
The chassis should be positioned; to
provide adequate air intake into the front
and the air exhaust of the fan in the rear;
the ability to slide the modules out for
replacement purposes; the installation of
the bandpass filter; optional trap filter;
the coupler assembly; and output
transmission line. The chassis or cabinet
in which it is mounted should be
grounded using copper strapping
material.
NOTE: To pull out any power amplifier
module for replacement purposes, the
input and output coaxial cables must first
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-5
be removed from the rear of the chassis
assembly.
Figure 3-2. Front and Rear View Reconnection Drawing
Connect the transmission line for the
antenna system to the output of the
optional trap filter. A BNC sample jack of
the output on the trap filter can be used
for test purpose.
3.4 AC Input
The Driver Assembly requires one AC
outlet in which to plug, of 220 VAC @ 5
amps and each 500 Watt power amplifier
assembly needs one AC outlet in which to
plug, of 220 VAC @ 17 amps maximum.
One 500 Watt power amplifier assembly
consists of two PA assemblies and one
power supply assembly.
This completes the unpacking and
installation of the LX Series UHF
television translator. Refer to the setup
and operation procedures that follow
before applying power to the translator.
3.5 Setup and Operation
Initially, the translator should be turned
on with the RF output at the directional
coupler terminated into a dummy load of
at least the rated power of the translator.
If a load is not available, check that the
output of the directional coupler is
connected to the antenna for your
system.
3.5.1 Input Connections
The input connections to the translator
are to the rear of the exciter/driver
chassis assembly for the translator or to
the receiver tray in a translator.
Refer to the tables and description that
follows for detailed information on the
input connections.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-6
Figure 3-3: Rear View of LX Series Translator
Table 3-1: Rear Chassis Connections for the LX Series Translator.
Port Type Function Ohm
J1 IEC AC Input
TB02 Term Base Band Audio Input 600
J3 BNC Composite Audio Input 75
J4 BNC SAP / PRO Audio Input 75
J5 BNC CW IF Input 50
J6 BNC Modulated IF Input 50
J7 BNC Video Input (Isolated) 75
J8 BNC Visual IF Loop-Thru Output 50
J9 BNC Aural IF Loop-Thru Output 50
J10 BNC 10 MHz Reference Input 50
J11 BNC 10 MHz Reference Output 50
J17 BNC Video Loop-Thru (Isolated) 75
J18 BNC Visual IF Loop-Thru Input 50
J19 BNC Aural IF Loop-Thru Input 50
J23 BNC Upconverter RF Output 50
J24 BNC Power Amplifier RF Input 50
J25 N Power Amplifier RF Output 50
TB30 Term Remote Control & Monitoring
TB31 Term Remote Control & Monitoring
J32 RJ-45 SCADA (Input / Loop-Thru) CAT5
J33 RJ-45 SCADA (Input / Loop-Thru) CAT5
J34 RJ-45 System RS-485 Serial CAT5
J1
J24
J25 J21
TB30
TB31
J32
J34
J33
J11
J10
J23
J6
J5
J19
J18
TB02
J3
J4
J7
J17
J8
J9
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-7
3.5.2 Front Panel Screens for the
Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly
A 4 x 20 display located on the front of
the Control & Monitoring/Power Supply
Module is used in the LX Series
translator for control of the operation
and display of the operating parameters
of the translator. Below are the display
screens for the system. The ↑ and ↓
characters are special characters used to
navigate up or down through the menu
screens. Display text flashes on discrete
fault conditions for all screens that
display a fault condition.
When the translator is in operate mode,
the STB menu appears. When the
translator is in standby mode, the OPR
menu appears.
Display Menu Screens for the LX Series Translator
Table 3-2: Menu 01 - Splash Screen #1
A X C
E R
A
1 0 3 F R E E D
O
M
D
R I V
E
L A WR
E N C
E , P A . 1 5 0 5 5
( 7 2 4 ) 8 7 3 - 8 1 0 0
This is the first of the two translator splash screens that is shown for the first few
seconds after reset.
Table 3-3: Menu 02- Splash Screen #2
I
N
N
N
O
V
A
T O
R
L D
U
1
0 0 0 A
L
C
O
D
E V
E R
S
I O
N
1 . 0
F I R
M
WA
R
E 1 3 0 2 1 6 4
S
C
A
D
A
A
D
D
R
E S
S
5
This is the second of the two translator splash screens
Table 3-4: Menu 10 - Main Screen
V
I S
U
A
L P WR
1 0 0
%
A
U
R
A
L P WR
1 0 0
%
R
E F L E C
T E D
P WR
1 . 0
%
↑ ↓ S
T B
This is the default main screen of the translator. When the translator is in operate, the
'STB' characters appear allowing an operator to place the translator in STAND-BY. When
the translator is in standby the 'STB' characters are replaced with 'OPR' and an operator
can place the translator into OPERATE by pressing the right most switch on the front
panel display. If the ↓ key is activated the system changes to Menu 11, go to Menu 11.
If the ↑ key is activated the system displays to Menu 13, go to Menu 13.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-8
Table 3-5: Menu 11 - Error List Access Screen
S
Y S
T E M
E R
R
O
R
S
6
0
E R
R
O
R
L I S
T D
I S
P L A
Y
↑ ↓ E N
T S
T B
This screen of the translator shows the current number of errors and provides operator
access to view the error list. This is the entry point to Menu 20. If ENT is pushed, go to
Menu 20. If the ↓ key is activated the system changes to Menu 12, go to Menu 12. If the
↑ key is activated the system returns to Menu 10, go to Menu 10.
Table 3-6: Menu 12 - Translator Device Data Access Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
D
E T A
I L S
↑ ↓ E N
T S
T B
This screen of the translator allows access to various parameters of the translator
system. This is the entry point to Menu 30. If ENT is pushed, go to Menu 30. If the ↓
key is activated the system changes to Menu 13, go to Menu 13. If the ↑ key is activated
the system returns to Menu 11, go to Menu 11.
Table 3-7: Menu 13 - Translator Configuration Access Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
↑ ↓ E N
T S
T B
This screen of the translator allows access to various software setting of the translator
system. This is the entry point to Menu 40. If ENT is pushed, go to Menu 40. If the ↓
key is activated the system returns to Menu 10, go to Menu 10. If the ↑ key is activated
the system returns to Menu 12, go to Menu 12.
Table 3-8: Menu 20 - Error List Display Screen
S
Y S
T E M
E R
R
O
R
S
1 / 6
U
P C
O
N
V
E R
T E R
M
O
D
U
L E
I N
T E R
L O
C
K
F A
U
L T
↑ ↓ C
L R
E S
C
This screen of the translator allows access to system faults. Fault logging is stored in
non-volatile memory. The translator's operating state can not be changed in this screen.
The 'CLR' switch is used to clear previously detected faults that are no longer active. The
↑ key and ↓ key allow an operator to scroll through the list of system errors that have
occurred. The ESC switch is used to leave this screen.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-9
Table 3-9: Menu 30 - Translator Device Details Screen
S
Y S
T E M
D
E T A
I L S
X
M
T R
I N
O
P E R
A
T E M
O
D
E
P O
WE R
S
U
P P L Y : O
K
↑ ↓ E S
C
This screen of the translator allows access to the translator parameters of installed
devices. The system is configured to know which devices are present. Current values for
all installed devices are shown. If a module is not installed, only a "MODULE NOT
PRESENT" message will be displayed. The ↑ and ↓ arrows scroll through the different
parameters of each device as shown in table 3-11. Each System Component is a
different screen. One IF Processor or the other will be programmed for your system. One
Power Amplifier or the other will be programmed for your system. External Amplifier will
only be used in high power translators.
Table 3-10: Menu 30-1 – System Details Screen
S
Y S
T E M
D
E T A
I L S
0
%
0
%
0 . 0
%
V
I S
U
A
L A
U
R
U
A
L R
E F L
↑ ↓ E S
C
Table 3-11: Translator Device Parameters Detail Screens
System Component Parameter Normal Faulted (Blinking)
PLL CIRCUIT LOCKED UNLOCKED
OUTPUT LEVEL 0 - 200 IRE N/A
AURAL DEVIATION 0 - 125 kHz N/A
CW INPUT PRESENT NOT USED
Modulator Details STATION ID SEND soft key N/A
INPUT SIGNAL
STATE OK FAULT
MODULATION OK FAULT
INPUT IF MODULATOR or J6 N/A
DLC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A
ALC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A
IF Processor Details
(Analog Systems) ALC MODE AUTO or MANUAL N/A
ALC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A
ALC MODE AUTO or MANUAL N/A
(OR)
IF Processor Details
(Digital Systems) DLC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A
PLL CIRCUIT LOCKED FAULT
AFC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A
AGC 1 LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A
AGC 2 LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A
EX. 10 MHz PRESENT or NOT
USED N/A
Upconverter Details LO FREQ xxx.xxx MHz N/A
POWER SUPPLY
STATE ON or OFF N/A
Driver PA Details ±12V SUPPLY OK or OFF FAULT
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-10
System Component Parameter Normal Faulted (Blinking)
FORWARD POWER xxx% xxx%
REFLECTED POWER xxx% xxx%
AMP 1 CURRENT xx.xA xx.xA
AMP 2 CURRENT xx.xA xx.xA
TEMPERATURE xxC xxC
CODE VERSION x.x N/A
POWER SUPPLY
STATE ON or OFF N/A
±12V SUPPLY OK or OFF FAULT
FORWARD POWER xxx% xxx%
REFLECTED POWER xxx% xxx%
AMP CURRENT 1 xx.xA xx.xA
AMP CURRENT 2 xx.xA xx.xA
AMP CURRENT 3 xx.xA xx.xA
AMP TEMPERATURE xxC xxC
Ext. Power Amplifier
Modules Details
(Only in high power
systems) CODE VERSION x.x N/A
Table 3-12: Menu 40 - Translator Set-up: Power Raise/Lower Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 1 P O
WE R
R
A
I S
E / L O
WE R
S
E T T I N
G
1 0 0
%
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen of the translator is the first of several that allows access to translator set-up
parameters. When + is selected, the Power will increase. When - is selected, the Power
will decrease.
Table 3-13: Menu 40-1 - Translator Set-up: Model Select Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 2 T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
M
O
D
E L
N
U
M
B
E R
L U
0 1 0 0 A
T
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen is used to specify which components are expected to be part of the system.
By specifying the model number, the translator control firmware knows which
components should be installed and it will be able to display faults for components that
are not properly responding to system commands.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-11
Table 3-14: Menu 40-2 - Translator Set-up: Frequency Select Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 3
F R
E Q
U
E N
C
Y S
E L E C
T
T A
B
L E O
R
C
U
S
T O
M
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen of the translator is allows access to translator frequency set-up parameters.
The choices of this screen are 'TABLE' or 'CUSTOM'. When table is selected, the next
menu will be used to select the desired operating frequency. When custom is selected,
the next menu is used to select a specific operating frequency.
Table 3-15: Menu 40-3 - Translator Set-up: Frequency Table Select Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 3 F R
E Q
U
E N
C
Y S
E L E C
T
C
H
2 0 5 0 6 - 5 1 2 M
H
z
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
The choices of this screen are from the standard UHF / VHF tables. + and - change the
desired value of the translator. Any change to frequency is immediately set to the LO /
Upconverter Frequency Synthesizer PLL circuit.
Table 3-16: Menu 40-4 - Translator Set-up: IF Frequency Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 3 I F F R
E Q
U
E N
C
Y
I N
P U
T 4 4 . 0 0 M
H
z
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
>
This screen is used to specify the IF Input frequency. This value plus the desired channel
value is used to calculated the desired LO frequency. + is used to increase the selected
value from 0 to 9. The > key is used to select from each of the different fields that make
up the desired frequency. Any change to frequency is immediately set to the LO /
Upconverter Frequency Synthesizer PLL circuit.
Table 3-17: Menu 40-5 - Translator Set-up: Custom Frequency Select Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 3 F R
E Q
U
E N
C
Y S
E L E C
T
0 5 0 9 . 0 0 0
M
H
z
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen is used to specify the operating frequency to an exact value. + is used to
increase the selected value from 0 to 9. The > key is used to select from each of the
different fields that make up the desired frequency. Any change to frequency is
immediately set to the LO / Upconverter Frequency Synthesizer PLL circuit.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-12
Table 3-18: Menu 40-6 - Translator Set-up: Serial Address Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 4 S
E R
I A
L A
D
D
R
E S
S
5
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen allows the user to set the serial address of the translator. The default
address is 5. This value and all other set-up parameters, are stored in non-volatile
memory.
Table 3-19: Menu 40-7 - Translator Set-up: Station ID Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 5 M
O
D
U
L A
T E D
S
I G
N
A
L
S
T A
T I O
N
I D
0 0 0 0 0
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen allows the user to set the serial address of the translator. The default
address is 5. This value and all other set-up parameters, are stored in non-volatile
memory.
Table 3-20: Menu 40-8 - Translator Set-up: System Visual Power Calibration
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 6 S
Y S
T E M
C
A
L I B
R
A
T E
V
I S
U
A
L P O
WE R
1 0 0
%
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen is used to adjust the calibration of the system's visual power. A symbol
placed under the '6' character is used to show minor changes in the calibration value.
When the calibration value is at full value, the character will be full black. As the value
decreases, the character pixels are gradually turned off.
Table 3-21: Menu 40-9 - Translator Set-up: System Aural Power Calibration
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 6
S
Y S
T E M
C
A
L I B
R
A
T E
A
U
R
A
L P WR
1 0 0
%
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen is used to adjust the calibration of the system's aural forward power. A
symbol as on the previous screen is under the '6' character on this screen.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-13
Table 3-22: Menu 40-10 - Translator Set-up: System Reflected Power Calibration
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 6 S
Y S
T E M
C
A
L I B
R
A
T E
R
E F L E C
T P WR
X
. X
%
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen is used to adjust the calibration of the system's reflected power.
Table 3-23: Menu 40-11 - Translator Set-up: Forward Power Fault Threshold Screen
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 7 M
I N
I M
U
M
F O
R
WA
R
D
P O
WE R
F A
U
L T 5 0
%
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen is used to set the minimum forward power fault threshold. When the
translator is operating, it must operate above this value otherwise the system will shut
down with fault for 5 minutes. If after five minutes the fault is not fixed, the translator
will enable, measure power less than this value and again shut down for five minutes.
Table 3-24: Menu 40-12 - Translator Set-up: Reflected Power Fault Threshold
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 8 M
A
X
I M
U
M
R
E F L E C
T E
D
P O
WE R
F A
U
L T 1 0
%
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen is used to set the maximum reflected power fault threshold. When the
translator is operating, it must not operate above this value otherwise the system will
shut down with fault for 5 minutes. If after five minutes the fault is not fixed, the
translator will enable, measure power above this value and again shut down for five
minutes.
Table 3-25: Menu 40-13 - Translator Set-up: Remote Commands Control
T R
A
N
S
M
I T T E R
S
E T - U
P
0 9 R
E M
O
T E C
O
N
T R
O
L
C
O
M
M
A
N
D
S
A
C
C
E P T E D
↑ ↓ ( +
) E S
C
( - )
This screen is used to allow or deny the use of remote control commands. When
disabled, remote commands are not used. Remote commands are commands received
either through the rear terminal blocks or through serial messages.
This completes the description of the
screens for the LX Series
exciter/amplifier chassis assembly.
If the translator is already connected to
the antenna, check that the output is
100%. If necessary, adjust the
amplifier power detection circuitry or
LO / Upconverter AGC settings. The
power raise / lower settings are only to
be used for temporary reductions in
power. The power set-back values do
not directly correspond to the power of
the translator. Setting for 50% output
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-14
sets a linear circuit voltage that is
controlling a non-linear power circuit.
If a problem occurred during the setup
and operation procedures, refer to
Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment
Procedures, of this manual for more
information.
3.5.3 Initial Turn On
Once the unit has been installed and
all connections have been made, the
process of turning on the equipment
can begin. First verify that AC power
is present and connected to the
translator. Verify all cables are
properly connected and are the correct
type. Once all of these things are
done, the unit is ready to be turned on
following the procedures below.
Turn on the main AC power source
that supplies the AC to the translator.
Check that the AC power plug is
connected to J1 on the rear of the
chassis assembly.
Monitor the LCD display located on the
front of the control/monitoring module
as you proceed through this section.
When the translator is in the operate
mode, the STB menu appears. When
in the standby mode, the OPR menu
appears. Press the NXT key after each
menu to continue through the
sequence.
MODULATOR MODULE LEDs ON
FRONT PANEL
Fault Indicators:
AUR UNLOCK: This illuminates Red
when the Aural IF PLL is unlocked.
VIS UNLOCK: This illuminates RED
when the Visual IF PLL is unlocked.
AUD OV DEV: This indicator will
illuminate Red when the audio over-
deviates the aural carrier.
VIDEO LOSS: This indicates the loss of
Video to the modulator, when Red.
OVER MOD: This illuminates Red when
the video is overmodulated.
Status Indicators:
ALT IF CW: This indicates that there is
an external IF CW signal applied to the
Modulator
10MHz PRES: This indicates the
presence of a 10 MHz reference input.
IF PROCESSOR MODULE LEDs ON
FRONT PANEL
Fault Indicators:
INPUT FAULT: This illuminates Red if
the input to the module is missing or
low.
ALC FAULT: This illuminates RED when
the needed ALC value to maintain the
output level is beyond the range of the
circuitry.
MUTE: This indicator will illuminate
Red when the translator is muted.
UPCONVERTER MODULE LED ON
FRONT PANEL
Fault Indicator:
AGC CUTBACK-This illuminates Red if
the required gain to produce the
desired output level is beyond the
value set by the AGC Cutback circuit.
CONTROLLER MODULE LEDs ON
FRONT PANEL
Status Indicators:
OPERATE - This illuminates Green
when translator is in operate.
FAULT - This illuminates Red when a
fault has occurred in the translator.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 3, Site Considerations,
Installation and Setup Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 3-15
DC OK - This illuminates Green when
the DC outputs that connect to the
modules in the translator are present.
POWER AMPLIFIER MODULE LEDs
ON FRONT PANEL
Status Indicators:
ENABLED - This illuminates Green
when the PA is in operate.
DC OK - This illuminates Green when
the DC inputs to the PA module are
present.
TEMP - This illuminates Green when
the temperature of the heatsink in the
PA is below 78°C.
MOD OK - This illuminates Green when
the PA module is operating and has no
faults.
This completes the Installation, Set Up
and Turn On of the Translator.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions
LX Series, Rev. 0 4-1
Chapter 4
Circuit Descriptions
The RF from the exciter/driver assembly
connects from the RF Output “N” Jack J25,
through a RG-55 cable, to the PA RF Input
SMA Jack J200, located on the rear of the
PA chassis assembly. The RF Input is
cabled through UT-141 to port J111 on
the main chassis. Jack J1 on the PA
module assembly connects to the J111
port when the module assembly is slid
into place.
The RF output from the 2 way UHF
combiner connects to the PA RF Output
Jack J2, located on the rear of the PA
Module. Jack J2 on the PA module
connects to the J115 port, on the main
chassis assembly, when the module
assembly is slid into place.
4.1 (A4) Power Amplifier Module
Assembly (1302868; Appendix B)
The Power Amplifier Module Assembly
contains (A1) a UHF Phase/Gain Board
(1303213), (A2) a 150W Driver Pallet,
Dual Output (1303293), (A3 & A4) UHF
RF Module Pallet Assemblies (1300116),
(A5) a 2 Way UHF Combiner Assembly
(1303208), (A6) an Amplifier Control
Board (1301962) and (A7) a
Temperature Sensor IC.
4.1.1 (A1) UHF Phase/Gain Board
(1303213; Appendix B)
The RF input from J1 on the PA assembly
connects to J1 on the Phase/Gain Board.
The UHF phase/gain board provides the
circuits that adjust the gain and the
phase of the RF signal for the PA
amplifier assembly in which it is
mounted. The input signal connects to
the gain circuit through the capacitor
C13. The gain circuit consists of U1,
R16, CR4, R22, R17, CR5, R23, R27 and
the gain pot, R25. U1 is a 90°, 2-way
splitter. The signal at pin 1 of U1 is split
and applied to pins 3 and 4. The signal
reflects off CR4 and CR5 and is passed to
pin 2. The gain between pins 1 and 2
changes with the voltage applied across
CR4 and CR5. This voltage is controlled by
the gain-adjust pot R25. The more
positive the voltage, the more the diodes
CR4 and CR5 conduct therefore the less
gain through the circuit. The gain
controlled output is coupled through C14
and the pi-type divider circuit consisting of
R8, R5 and R9 that drops the level before it
applied to the phase-shifter circuit.
The level controlled signal connects to the
phase-shifter circuit that consists of U2,
C20, C21, CR2, and CR3. U2 is a 90°, 2-
way splitter. The signal at pin 1 of U2 is
split and applied to pins 3 and 4. The signal
reflects off CR2 and CR3 and is passed to
pin 2. The phase shift between pins 1 and
2 changes with the voltage applied across
CR2 and CR3. This voltage is controlled by
the phase-adjust pot R24 through R26,
R18 and R19. +12 VDC from an external
switching power supply is applied to J3 on
the board and is used as the reference that
is applied to the phase-control pot. The
gain and phase controlled output connects
to J2 on the board.
4.1.2 (A2) 150 Watt Driver Pallet
Assembly, Dual Output (1303293;
Appendix B)
The output of the Phase/Gain Board is
connected to the input J1 of (A2) the 150
Watt UHF amplifier assembly. The
assembly contains a 150 Watt CW UHF
Driver Board, Dual Output (1303169).
4.1.3 150 Watt Driver, Dual Output
(1303169; Appendix B)
The board operates class AB and is a
highly linear broadband amplifier for the
frequency range of 470 to 860 MHz. It can
deliver an output power of 150 watts
(CW) with approximately 14 dB of gain.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions
LX Series, Rev. 0 4-2
The amplification circuit consists of
LDMOS transistors Q1 and Q2 connected
in parallel and operating class AB. The
paralleling network is achieved with the
aid of 3 dB couplers U3 and U4. The
quiescent current settings are achieved
by means of potentiometers R6 and
R10. C39 and C38 are adjusted for best
response. The settings are factory
implemented and should not be altered.
PIN diode VR1 is a variable-damping
circuit that is used to adjust the
amplification of the module. The
adjustment is performed with the Gain
potentiometers R10 and R6. A
readjustment of the amplification may
be required, after repair work, to ensure
that the PAs in multiple PA translators
deliver the same output power.
4.1.4 (A3 & A4) UHF Module
Assembly, RF Module Pallet, Philips
(1300116;Appendix B)
The UHF Module Assembly, 250-watt
module (Figure 4-1) is a broadband
amplifier for the frequency range 470 to
860 MHz. The amplifier is capable of
delivering an output power of 70 Wrms.
The amplification is approximately 13 dB.
The amplification circuit consists of the
parallel connected push-pull amplifier
blocks V1 and V2 operating in class AB. In
order to match the transistor impedance
to the characteristic impedance of the
input and output sides, matching networks
are placed ahead and behind the amplifier
blocks. Transformers Z3 to Z6 serve to
balance the input and output signals. The
paralleling circuit is achieved with the aid
of 3-dB couplers Z1 and Z2.
The working point setting is factory
implemented by means of potentiometers
R9, R11, and R12 and should not be
altered.
V 1
3 dB Coupler
Z 2
RF
Output
RF
Input 3 dB Coupler
Z 1
R 2
R 1
Matching
Network
Matching
Network
V 2
Matching
Network
Matching
Network
Z 3 Z 5
Z 4 Z 6
+Uop
N 1
R 11 R 12
R 9
R 10 Dynamic
Equalization
Figure 4-1. UHF Amplifier Module, 250 Watts
4.1.5 (A5) 2 Way UHF Combiner
Assembly (1303208; Appendix B)
The 2 Way UHF combiner board assembly
combines the two outputs of the UHF
Module Assemblies and also provides
forward and reflected power samples of
the output to (A6) the amplifier control
board where it connects to the input of
the overdrive-protection circuit.
The RF inputs to the 2 way UHF combiner
assembly, from the UHF amplifier
modules, are soldered to the external
connection points J3 and J4. The RF is
combined by the stripline tracks and R5 a
100 ohm matching resistor across the two
inputs, to the RF Output solder connection
point at J5. A hybrid-coupler circuit picks
off a power sample that is connected to
SMA type connector jack J1 as the forward
power sample. Another power sample is
taken from the coupler circuit that is
connected to SMA type connector jack J2
as the reflected power sample. Two 50Ù
terminations, created from two 100 ohm
resistors in parallel, used as dissipation
loads, connect from the forward and
reflected ports to ground.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions
LX Series, Rev. 0 4-3
4.1.6 (A5) Amplifier Control Board
(1301962; Appendix B)
The amplifier control board provides LED
fault and enable indications on the front
panel of the module and also performs
the following functions: overdrive
cutback, when the drive level reaches the
amount needed to attain 110% output
power; and overtemperature, VSWR, and
overdrive faults. The board also provides
connections to the LCD Display for
monitoring the % Reflected Power, %
Output Power, and the power supply
voltage.
Page 1
U4, located upper center of page, is an in
circuit microcontroller. The controller is
operated at the frequency of 3.6864 MHz
using crystal Y1. Programming of this
device is performed through the serial
programming port J2. U4 selects the
desired analog channel of U1 through the
settings of PA0-PA3. The outputs of Port
A must be set and not changed during an
analog input read of channels PA5-PA7.
PA4 of U4 is a processor operating LED
that monitors the +/-12 VDC. PA5 is
used to monitor the +12VDC supply to
the board. PA6 is the selected channel of
analog switch U1. PA7 is connected to a
via, V10, for future access.
U6 is a serial to RS-485 driver IC. U7 is
a watchdog IC used to hold the
microprocessor in reset, if the supply
voltage is less than 4.21 VDC. U7
momentarily resets the microcontroller if
Pin 6 (!ST) is not clocked every second.
A manual reset switch is provided but
should not be needed.
Upper left corner U3 is used to determine
where the amplifier control board is
located. The eight inputs come from the
main amp connector and are used to set
the SCADA address of the controller.
Pull-up resistors set a default condition of
logic high.
U5 below U3 is used for getting digital
input information of the board. Page two
has several monitoring circuits that provide
information on the amplifier’s status. Many
of these circuits automatically shut down
the amplifier if a specific fault occurs.
U8 below U5 is used to control four board
mounted status LEDs. A FET is turned On
to shunt current away from the LED to turn
it Off. U9 below U8 is used to enable
different features within the software.
Actual use is to be determined.
Page 2
In the lower right corner are voltage
regulator circuits. U22 should allow for
0.14 amps of power using its 92 C/W
rating if Ta = 60°C max and Tj = 125°C
max 0.26 amps can be obtained from U22
if the mounting pad is 0.5 square inches.
The controller will not need this much
current.
U23 and U24 are low drop out +5 VDC,
voltage regulators with a tolerance greater
than or equal to 1%. 100mA of current is
available from each device but again the
controller will not need this much current.
In the upper left section are circuits with
U12 and U13. U12 is used to generate a
regulated voltage that is about 5 volts less
than the +32 VDC supply, approximately
+26.25 VDC. When the +32 VDC supply is
enabled, the circuitry around U13B is used
to provide gate voltage to Q10 that is 5
volts greater than the source pin of this
FET. The gate of Q10 can be turned Off by
any one of a few different circuits.
U10A is used to turn Off the gate of Q10 in
the event of high current in amplifier #1.
At 0.886 VDC the current to amplifier #1
should be greater than 5 Amps. U11B is
used to turn off the Q10 FET, if high
current is detected in amplifier #2. U11A
is used to turn off the Q10 FET, if high
current is detected in amplifier #3. With
2.257 VDC at Pin 5 of U11B or Pin 3 of
U11A, the voltage output of current sense
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions
LX Series, Rev. 0 4-4
amplifier U17 or U18 at high current shut
down should be greater than 15 Amps.
U14B is used to turn Off the gate of Q10
in the event of high power supply
voltage, approximately +35.4 VDC.
U14A is used to keep the FET disabled in
the event of low power supply voltage,
approximately +25.4 VDC.
Current monitoring sections of the board.
The ICs U16, U17 and U18 along with
associated components set up the
current monitoring sections of the board.
R67, R68 and R69 are 0.01Ù/5W 1%
through hole resistor is used for
monitoring the current through several
sections of the amplifier. The voltage
developed across these resistors are
amplified for current monitoring by U16,
U17 or U18. The LT1787HVCS8 precision
high side current sense IC amplifier
accepts a maximum voltage of 60 VDC.
The 43.2 kÙ resistor from pin 5 to
ground sets the gain of the amplifier to
about 17.28. This value is not set with
much accuracy since the manufacturer
internally matches the resistors of this
part but their actual resistance value is
not closely defined. A trimming resistor
is suggested to give a temperature
stability of –200 ppm/C, but instead the
microcontroller will determine the exact
gain of the circuit and use a correction
factor for measurements. Circuit loading
components are located in the lower
portion of each current monitoring circuit.
These components allow for short
duration high current loading of the
supply. By measuring the current
through the sense resistor with and
without the additional four 30.1 Ù 1%
resistors. For very short duration pulses,
a 1206 resistor can handle up to 60
watts. The processor requires 226 uSec
per conversion. A supply voltage of +32
VDC will pass 1.06 amps + 1% through
the load resistors.
A6 is a temperature sensor thermistor
that is used to monitor the temperature
of the module's heat sink. It connects
to J6 pins 1 & 2 on the board wand is
wired to the comparator IC U10B. If the
temperature increases above 75°C the
output will go Low that is used as a
temperature fault output, which generates
a Fault alert at U15A and disables
Amplifier #1.
Aural, Visual/Average and Reflected power
detector sections of the board.
Page 3
A Forward Power Sample enters the board
at SMA Jack J3 and is split. One part
connects to J4 on the board that is cabled
to J1, the SMA Forward Power Sample
Jack, located on the front panel of the
assembly. The other part of the split
forward power sample is detected by CR17
and the DC level amplified by U25A. The
output of U25A at pin 1 is split with one
part connected to the Aural Power sample,
which is not used in this digital translator.
The other split output connects to U265A
that is part of the Forward Average Power
circuit. The detected level is connected to
L4 that is part of an intercarrier notch filter
circuit that is tuned to eliminate the 4.5
MHz aural intercarrier, if present. The
Average power sample is amplified by
U26D and connected through the average
calibration pot R166 to U26C. The output
of U26C is connected to the comparator IC
U26B that has Aural Null and Offset Null, if
present in the system, connected to the
other input. The output Average Forward
power level connects to J9 pin 2 of the
board.
A Reflected Power Sample enters the board
at SMA Jack J5 and is detected by CR20
and the DC level amplified by U28B. The
output of U28B at pin 7 is connected
through the reflected calibration pot R163
to U28C. The output is split with one part
connected to J9 pin 5, the Reflected Power
Output level of the board. The other part
of the split from U28C connects to the
comparator IC U28D that has a reference
level connected to the other input. If the
reflected level increases above the
reference level a low output is produced
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions
LX Series, Rev. 0 4-5
and connected to the Reflected Power
Shutdown circuit at CR28. The low shuts
off Q14 causing pin 3 to go high that is
connected to the inverter U15C. The
output of U15C goes low producing a
Reflected Power Fault that is connected
to an output of the board, the Fault Alert
circuit and also shuts down Amplifier #1.
Gain of the power measurements is
completed through software. Only the
Aural Null and Offset Null need to be
done through front panel pots.
4.2 Power Supply Assembly (1302863;
Appendix B)
The Power Supply Assembly contains (A1)
a +32V/2000W switching power supply
(1301504) and (A2) a ±12V/40W
switching power supply (1303242). The
+32VDC connects through J1 (+32VDC)
and J2 (RTN) to the rest of the amplifier
assembly. The +/-12VDC outputs, the
+32VDC control lines and the 220VAC
connect to the assembly through Jack J3.
Both power supplies contain no customer
adjustments.
This completes the description of the Power
Amplifier Module Assembly and the Power
Supply Assembly.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 5-1
Chapter 5
Detailed Alignment Procedures
This Power Amplifier Assembly along with
the translator was aligned at the factory
and should not require additional
adjustments to achieve normal operation.
This translator takes the baseband audio
and video inputs or, if the (Optional) 4.5-
MHz composite input kit is purchased,
either a single composite video + 4.5-
MHz input or separate baseband video
and audio inputs, and converts them to
the desired UHF On Channel RF Output at
the systems output power level.
The power amplifier assembly of the
Innovator LX Series translator is of a
Modular design and when a Module fails
that module needs to be changed out
with a replacement module. The failed
module can then be sent back to Axcera
for repair. Contact Axcera Customer
Service Department at 724-873-8100 or
fax to 724-873-8105, before sending in
any module.
5.1 Module Replacement
Module replacement on the LX Series
products is a relatively simple process.
The power supply and power amplifier
modules, plug into a blind mating
connector located on the chassis. To
replace a module, refer to the following
procedure.
Loosen the two grip lock connectors,
located on the front panel, at the top
and bottom of the module,
counterclockwise until the module
releases. There are two cables
connected to the rear of the Power
Amplifier Module. These two cables must
first be removed before the PA module
will slide out.
After removal of the failed module, slide
the replacement module in place and
make certain it connects to the blind
mate connector. Replace the two cables
on the rear of the chassis assembly. If
the replacement module does not slide
in easily, verify it is properly aligned in
the nylon tracks, located on both the top
and bottom of the module.
Note: Each Module has an assigned slot
and will not fit properly in the incorrect
slot. Do not try to place a Module in the
wrong slot as this may damage the slot
or the blind mate connectors.
5.1.1 Initial Test Set Up
Check that the RF output at the coupler
is terminated into a dummy load of at
least the rated output of the system.
While performing the alignment, refer to
the Test Data Sheet for the translator
and compare the final readings from the
factory with the readings on each of the
modules. The readings should be very
similar. If a reading is way off, the
problem is likely to be in that module.
Switch On the main AC for the system.
5.2 Innovator LX Series
Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly
This translator operates using the
baseband audio and video inputs or, if
the (optional) 4.5-MHz composite input
kit is purchased, either a single
composite video + 4.5-MHz input or
separate baseband video and audio
inputs.
On the LCD Display, located on the
Controller/Power Supply Module, in
Translator Set-Up, push the button to
switch the translator to Operate. The
check of and the setup of the Audio and
Video input levels are completed using
the LCD Display and the front panel
adjustments on the Modulator assembly.
The level of the RF output includes
adjustments of the drive level to the
Power Amplifier and the adjustment of
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 5-2
the linearity and phase predistortion to
compensate for any nonlinear response
of the Power Amplifier. The adjustments
are located on the front panel of the IF
Processor module.
Modulator Module Assembly
Note: The Modulator Assembly is not
present in a translator system.
The Modulator Assembly has adjustments
for video levels and audio modulation
levels, and other related parameters.
Connect an NTSC baseband video test
signal input (1 Vpk-pk) to the translator
video input jack J7 on the rear of the
tray. Jacks J7 and J17 are loop-through
connected; the J17 jack can be used as a
video source for another translator.
Connect a baseband audio input (+10
dBm) to the balanced audio input
terminal block TB02-1 [+], TB02-2 [-],
and TB02-3 [ground] or, if
stereo/composite audio is provided,
connect it to BNC jack J3, the composite
audio input jack.
Verify that all LEDs located on the front
panel of the Modulator are Green. The
following details the meaning of each
LED:
AURAL UNLOCK (DS5) – Red Indicates
that 4.5 MHz Aural IF is unlocked from
the 45.75 MHz visual IF.
VISUAL UNLOCK (DS6) – Red Indicates
that the 45.75 MHz visual IF is unlocked
from the 10 MHz reference.
AUDIO OVER DEVIATION (DS4) – Red
Indicates that the input Audio level is too
high.
VIDEO LOSS (DS1) – Red Indicates that
the input Video level is too low.
OVER MODULATION (DS3) – Red
Indicates that the input Video level is too
high.
ALTERNATE IF (DS7) – Red Indicates
that an external 45.75 MHz IF is not
present to the modulator.
10 MHz PRESENT (DS2) – Red Indicates
that an external 10 MHz reference in not
present to the modulator.
Look at the front panel LCD meter on the
Control/Power Supply Module Assembly.
Set the LCD screen to the Modulator
Details video output level screen, the
screen indicates active video from 0 to 1
Vpk-pk. The normal video input level is 1
Vpk-pk on the front panel screen. If this
reading is not at the proper level, the
overall video level can be changed by
adjusting the VIDEO LEVEL control R42
on the front panel of the Modulator to the
1 Vpk-pk level on the front panel screen.
Switch the LCD display to the Modulator
Details screen that indicates the AUDIO
DEVIATION (modulation level) of the
signal from 0 to 100 kHz.
MONO SET UP: The modulator was
factory set for a ±25-kHz deviation with
a mono, balanced, audio input of +10
dBm. If the reading is not at the correct
level, adjust the MONO Audio Gain pot
R110, located on the front panel of the
modulator, as necessary, to attain the
±25-kHz deviation on the front panel
screen.
STEREO SET UP: The modulator was
factory set for a ±75-kHz deviation with
a stereo, composite, audio input of 1
Vpk-pk. If this reading is not correct,
adjust the STEREO Audio Gain pot R132,
located on the front panel of the
modulator, as necessary, for the ±75-
kHz deviation.
SECONDARY AUDIO SET UP: NOTE:
Remove any stereo or mono audio
modulation input to the translator during
the set up of the secondary audio. The
modulator was factory set for a ±15-kHz
deviation with a secondary audio input of
1 Vpk-pk. If this reading is not correct,
adjust the SAP/PRO Audio Gain pot R150,
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 5-3
located on the front panel of the
modulator, as necessary, for the ±15-
kHz deviation.
IF Processor Module Assembly
Verify that all red LEDs located on the IF
Processor front panel are extinguished.
The following details the meaning of each
LED when illuminated:
• DS1 (input fault) – Indicates that
either abnormally low or no IF is
present at the input of the IF
Processor module.
• DS2 (ALC fault) – Indicates that the
ALC circuit is unable to maintain the
signal level requested by the ALC
reference. This is normally due to
excessive attenuation in the linearity
signal path or the IF phase corrector
signal path, or that switch SW1 is in
the Manual ALC Gain position.
• DS4 (Mute) – Indicates that a Mute
command is present to the system.
Switch the translator to Standby. The
ALC is muted when the translator is in
Standby. To monitor the ALC, preset R3,
the manual gain adjust pot, located on
the front panel of the Upconverter
module, fully CCW. Move switch SW1,
Auto/Man AGC, on the front panel of the
Upconverter module, to the Manual
position. Place the translator in Operate.
Adjust the ALC GAIN pot on the front
panel of the IF Processor to obtain 100%
output power on the LCD Display
mounted on the Controller/Power Supply
in the ALC screen. Move the MAN/AUTO
ALC switch back to Auto, which is the
normal operating position.
To adjust the AGC Cutback setting, raise
the output power of the translator to
120%. Adjust R2, AGC Cutback, located
on the front panel, CCW until the LED
DS1, AGC Cutback, just starts to flash.
Return the output power of the translator
to 100%.
5.2.1 Linearity Correction
Adjustment
As shipped, the exciter was preset to
include amplitude and phase pre-
distortion. The pre-distortion was
adjusted to approximately compensate
the corresponding non-linear distortions
of the Power Amplifier.
NOTE: On the IF processor board inside
the module the correction enable/disable
jumper W12 on J30 will be in the Enable
position, on pins 2 & 3.
Set up a spectrum analyzer with 100
kHz resolution bandwidth and 100 kHz
video bandwidth to monitor the
intermodulation products of the RF
output signal of the Power Amplifier.
A typical red field spectrum is shown in
Figure 5-1. There are three Linearity
Corrector stage adjustments located on
the front panel of the IF Processor
Module. The adjustments are threshold
settings that are adjusted as needed to
correct for any amplitude or phase
intermod problems. Adjust the top
linearity correction adjustment R211
threshold cut in for the in phase
amplitude distortion pre-correction that
is needed. Next adjust the middle
linearity correction adjustment R216
threshold cut in also for the in phase
amplitude distortion pre-correction that
is needed. Finally adjust the bottom
linearity correction adjustment R231
threshold cut in for the quadrature
phase distortion pre-correction that is
needed. The above pots are adjusted
for the greatest separation between the
peak visual carrier and the intermod
products.
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 5-4
Figure 5-1. Typical Red Field Spectrum
5.2.2 Frequency Response Delay
Equalization Adjustment
The procedure for performing a
frequency response delay equalization
adjustment for the translator is described
in the following steps:
The center frequency for the first stage is
45 MHz. Adjust R103, the top frequency
response equalizer pot, located on the
front panel of the IF Processor Module,
for the best depth of frequency response
correction at 45 MHz.
The center frequency for the second
stage is 43.5 MHz. Adjust R106, the
middle frequency response equalizer pot,
located on the front panel of the IF
Processor Module, for the best depth of
frequency response correction at 43.5
MHz.
The center frequency for the second
stage is 42 MHz. Adjust R274, the
bottom frequency response equalizer pot,
located on the front panel of the IF
Processor Module, for the best depth of
frequency response correction at 42 MHz.
After the three delay attenuation
equalizers have been adjusted, fine tune,
as needed, for the best frequency
response across the channel.
Note: The frequency response
adjustment is done at IF, so the
frequency cut-in points will be
reversed at the UHF frequencies.
5.2.3 Calibration of the Translator
Forward Output Power Level
Note: Perform the following
procedure only if the power
calibration is suspect.
Switch the translator to Standby and
preset R51, the aural null pot on (A4) the
visual/aural metering board, fully CCW.
Switch the LO/Upconverter sled to
Manual Gain. Adjust R48, the null offset
pot on the visual/aural metering board,
full CW. Adjust CCW until 0% visual
output is displayed on the LCD Display in
the System Visual Power position.
Perform the following adjustments with
no aural present by removing the jumper
cable, the aural IF loop-through, that is
connected on the rear of the
exciter/driver chassis. Connect a sync
and black test signal to the video input
jack of the exciter/driver. Switch the
translator to Operate.
Next, set up the translator for the
appropriate average output power level
using the Manual Gain pot on the
LO/Upconverter sled:
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 5-5
Example is for 1000 Watt translator.
• Sync + black 0 IRE
setup/wattmeter=595 watts
• Sync + black 7.5 IRE
setup/wattmeter=545 watts
Note: The translator must have 40
IRE units of sync.
Adjust R28, visual calibration, on the
(A4) visual/aural metering board for .8V,
at TB30-14 and TB30-12 return, on the
exciter/driver assembly, then adjust
display to read 100% on the front panel
meter in the System Forward Power
position.
With the spectrum analyzer set to zero
span mode, obtain a peak reference on
the screen. Reconnect jumper cable on
the rear of the exciter/driver. While in
the Visual Output Power position, adjust
L3 for a minimum visual power reading
on the LCD display. Turn the power
adjust pot on the LO/Upconverter sled
front panel until the original peak
reference level is attained. Peak L1 and
C8 for a maximum aural power reading,
then adjust R20 for .8V, at TB30-15 and
TB30-12 return, on the exciter/driver
assembly, then adjust LCD display for
100% system aural power reading.
Switch to the Visual Output Power
position and adjust R51 for 100% visual
power on system LCD display.
5.2.4 Calibration of the Translator
Reflected Output Level
On the meter, in the Visual Power
position, turn the power adjust pot to
25%. Move the Reflected cable on the
(A11) coupler to the unused “INC” port
on the coupler. Then adjust R39 on (A4)
the visual/aural metering board for a
.2VDC, at TB30-13 and TB30-12 return,
on the exciter/driver assembly. Then
adjust the LED display for 25% reading in
the System Reflected Power position. At
this 25% reference power reading a
reflected power fault should appear on
the System Errors Menu. Turn the power
adjust pot slightly CCW and the fault
should be clearable on the System Error
Menu. Turn the pot CW until the Fault
appears. The reflected output power is
now calibrated.
Switch the translator to Standby and
move the Reflected power cable on the
A11 Coupler back to the “Reflected Port”.
Switch the translator to Operate and
adjust the front panel power pot for a
100% visual power reading. Switch the
LO/Upconverter to the Auto AGC position
and adjust the ALC Gain adjust pot on
the front of the IF Processor module for
100% visual power reading, if needed.
5.3 (A9) Bandpass Filter Assembly
The Bandpass Filter Assembly is tuned to
reject unwanted distortion products
generated when the signals are diplexed
and also during the amplification process.
The Bandpass Filter is factory tuned to
the proper bandwidth and should not
need tuned. If you think tuning is
needed consult Axcera Field Support
Department before beginning the
adjustment.
5.4 (A10) UHF Trap Filter Assembly
The Traps on the output Trap Filter are
labeled with their Center Frequency
relative to the Frequency of the Carrier.
(For Example: The Traps labeled -4.5
MHz are tuned for a Center Frequency of
4.5 MHz Lower than the Frequency of the
Visual Carrier.) The first section of the
Trap Filter filters out the Visual Carrier
plus 9 MHz (fv+9 MHz). The second and
fourth sections work together to filter out
the lower spurious product (fv-4.5 MHz).
The third section is tuned to remove the
(fv+8.08). The output of the Trap Filter
is an "N" Type Connector.
The Trap Sections have been factory
tuned and should not need major
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 5-6
adjustments. The Trap Filter is
comprised of four trap sections
connected to the main transmission line.
The Trap Sections are Reflective Notches,
adjustable across the entire UHF
Frequency Band. The electrical length of
the Outer Sleeve and the Center Rod of
the Notch can be adjusted to Tune the
Notch Frequency. The Depth of the
Notch is set by the gap between the
Center Conductor of the Trap Section and
the Center Conductor of the Main Line.
Tight Coupling makes a Deep Notch,
while Loose Coupling makes a Shallow
Notch.
FINE TUNING of the Notches Center
Frequency can be accomplished with the
Tuning Bolts located on the side of the
Filter Section. Loosen the nut locking the
Bolt in place and adjust the Bolt to
change the Frequency of the Notch.
Monitor the output of the Translator with
a Spectrum Analyzer and Null the
Distortion Product with the Bolt. Red
Field is a good Video Test Signal to use to
see the +8.08 MHz Product. Tighten the
nut when the tuning is completed. Hold
the bolt in place with a screwdriver as
the nut is tightened to prevent it from
slipping.
MAJOR TUNING, such as changing the
Notch Depth or moving the Notch
Frequency more than 1 MHz, the Outer
Conductor and the Center Conductor of
the Trap Section must both be moved.
This requires a RF Sweep Generator to
accomplish. Apply the Sweep signal to
the Input of the Trap Filter and monitor
the Output. Loosen the Clamp holding
the Outer Conductor in place and make
the length longer to Lower the frequency
of the Notch or shorter to Raise the
frequency of the Notch. Loosen the
Center Conductor with an Allen Wrench
and move it Deeper for a Lower
Frequency Notch or out for a Higher
Frequency Notch. These adjustments
must both be made to change the Notch
Frequency. Moving only the Center
Conductor or the Outer Conductor will
effect the Notch Depth in addition to the
Center Frequency. The variable that is
being adjusted with this procedure is the
length of the Center Conductor inside the
Trap Filter. The gap between the Trap
and the Main Line should not be changed.
Moving only the Inner or the Outer
Conductors by itself will effect the Gap
and the Notch depth.
To effect the Notch Depth Only, both
sections will have to be moved. The
Notch Depth is controlled by the Gap
between the Center Conductor and the
Trap Section. This Gap also has an effect
on the Center Frequency. To Deepen the
Notch, Shorten the Outer Conductor and
pull the Center Conductor Out until the
Notch is back in the same place. Move
the Sections in the opposite direction to
make a Shallow Notch. NOTE: THE
TRAP FILTER IS TYPICALLY ADJUSTED
FOR A NOTCH DEPTH OF 10 dB.
5.4.1 The Effects of Tuning the
Output Trap Filter
Lengthening Outer Conductor Only -
Notch Frequency Up, Shallower Notch.
Shortening Outer Conductor Only - Notch
Frequency Down, Deeper Notch.
Inserting Inner Conductor Deeper - Notch
Frequency Down, Deeper Notch.
Inserting Less Inner Conductor - Notch
Frequency Up, Shallower Notch.
Tuning Bolt In - Notch Frequency Down.
Tuning Bolt Out - Notch Frequency Up.
Moving both Inner and Outer Conductors
to keep the Same Gap inside - Center
Frequency Moves, Notch Stays the Same.
After tuning has been completed, tighten
the Clamp and the Allen Screws that hold
the Conductors. Use the Fine Tuning
Bolts to bring the Frequency In. The
Final Tuning Adjustments should be
completed with the Translator driving the
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures
LX Series, Rev. 0 5-7
Output Trap Filter for at least one hour to
allow for warm-up drift.
The Translator is ready for normal
operation.
This completes the detailed alignment
procedures for the LX Series translator.
If a problem occurred during the
alignment, help can be found by calling
Axcera field support at 724-873-8100.
APPENDIX A
LX SERIES
SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
Innovator LX (Preliminary)
Low Power Transmitter 10W-6kW
Designed to provide broadcasters with a product that will meet their needs like
no other solution on the market, this new low to medium power transmitter
line uses the latest LDMOS devices for broadband operation across the entire
UHF band. This allows users to minimize spare parts stock, which is especially
important to group owners and networks, and also enables simple and
inexpensive channel changes.
The very compact and completely modular design uses a chassis/backplane
conguration with parallel amplier and power supply modules that can be
removed and replaced while the transmitter is on the air. Additionally, the
Innovator LX series was designed to be eld upgradable to digital operation.
Congurations are available in power levels from 10 watts to 6 kilowatts
analog and up to 3 kilowatts DTV, and all are manufactured in the USA by
Axcera - The RF Experts.
Speci cations published here are current as of the date of publication of this document. Because we are continuously improving our products, Axcera reserves the right to
change speci cations without prior notice. At any time, you may verify product speci cations by contacting our of ce. Axcera views it’s patent portfolio as an important
corporate asset and vigorously enforces its patents. Products or features contained herein may be covered by one or more U.S. or foreign patents.
0311R3 © 2003 AXCERA All Rights Reserved An Equal Opportunity Employer A Platinum Equity Company
Visual Performance
Frequency Range 470 to 806 MHz
Carrier Stability (Transmitters)
Standard ±1 kHz
Optional ±350 Hz
w/PFC ±1Hz
Frequency Translation Stability (Translators)
Standard ±1 kHz
Optional ±350 Hz
w/PFC ±1Hz
Regulation of RF Output Power 3%
Output Variation (Over 1 Frame) 2%
Sideband Response
-1.25 MHz and below -20 dB
-0.75 to -0.5 MHz +0.5 db, -2 dB
-0.5 to +3.58 MHz ±0.5 dB
+3.58 MHz to +4.18 MHz +0.5, -1.0 dB
Freq Response vs. Brightness ±0.5 dB
Visual Modulation Capability 1%
Differential Gain 5%
Incidental Phase Modulation ±3°
Linearity (Low Frequency) 5%
Aural Performance
Frequency Deviation Capability ±75 kHz
(Transmitters)
Distortion 0.5%
FM Noise -60 dB
AM Noise -55 dB
Aural to Visual Separation 4.5 MHz
± 100Hz
Composite Audio Input (Multi-channel sound)
(Transmitters)
Input Level 1V peak,
nominal
Input Impedance 75 ohms,
unbalanced
Frequency Range
±0.1 dB response 50 Hz to 50 kHz
±0.5 dB response 30 Hz to 120 kHz
Monaural Audio Input (Transmitters)
Input Level 0 to +10 dBm
Input 600 ohms,
balanced
Freq Range (±0.5 dB resp.) 30 Hz to 15 kHz
Pre-emphasis 75µs
Subcarrier Input (Transmitters)
Input Level 1V peak,
nominal
Input Impedance 75 ohms,
unbalanced
Freq Range (±0.5 dB resp.) 20 kHz to
120 kHz
Innovator LX (Preliminary)
Low Power Transmitter 10W - 6kW
Visual Performance (continued)
Differential Phase ±3°
Signal-to-Noise Ratio 55 dB
2t K-Factor 2%
Noise Factor (Translators) 5 dB (Max)
w/Input Preamp 3 dB (Max)
Input Dynamic Range (Translators) -60 dB to
-15 dBm
w/Input Preamp -75 dBm
to -30 dBm
Env. Delay (Transmitters) Per FCC Standard
Video Input (Transmitters) 75 ohms
(Loop through)
Harmonics -60 dB or better
Intermodulation Products -52 dB or better
Spurious (›3 MHz from channel edge)
100W and lower -50dB or better
Greater than 100W -60dB or better
General
Model Number* LU10Ax LU100Ax LU250Ax LU500Ax LU1000Ax LU2000Ax LU3000Ax LU4000Ax LU5000Ax LU6000Ax
Power Output (Watts)
Visual (Peak) 10 100 250 500 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Aural (Avg.) 1 10 25 50 100 200 300 400 500 600
Output Connector N N 7/8” EIA 7/8” EIA 7/8” EIA 7/8” EIA 31/8” EIA 31/8” EIA 31/8” EIA 31/8” EIA
Power Consumption (Watts) 250 675 1100 1900 3500 6700 10,250 13,500 16,700 19,900
Input Power
Line Voltage (Volts) 117/230 ±10% 230 ± 10%
Power Requirements Single Phase, 50 or 60 Hz
Size (H x W x D) 8.75”x19”x23” 55”x22”x34” 76”x22”x34” 76”x44”x34”
(Chassis Only)
Weight (lbs.) 45 45 340 360 400 550 700 1030 1180 1330
Operational Temperature Range 0 to +50°, derate 2°C/1000 ft.
Maximum Altitude3 8500 feet (2600m) AMSL
Operational Humidity Range 0% to 95% non-condensing
RF Load Impedance 50 Ω
* For transmitters use “T” suf x, translators use “L” suf x (ex. LU100AT - 100W Transmitter)
APPENDIX B
DRAWINGS AND PARTS LISTS
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Appendix B, Drawings and Parts Lists
LX Series, Rev. 0 B-1
LX Series High Power System
LX Series Amplifier Line Up Block Diagram............................................1302633
LX Series 500W or 1 kW System Translator Interconnect.......................1303563
LX Series System Typical Racking Plan ...............................................1303383
Chassis Assembly, Power Amplifier, LX Series
1 kW LX Series DC Harness Chassis/Airbox Interconnect........................1303482
1 kW LX Series AC Harness Chassis/Airbox Interconnect........................1303481
1 kW LX Series Coax Assembly Chassis/Airbox Interconnect ...................1303480
4 Way Splitter Module Assembly (Used with multiple Power Amplifier Assemblies)
Contains a 4 Way Splitter Board (1303234).
4 Way Splitter Board
Schematic ....................................................................................1303237
4 Way Combiner Module Assembly (Used with four Power Amplifier Assemblies)
4 Way Combiner Board Schematic .....................................................1303241
External Amplifier Signal Board, LX Series
Schematic ....................................................................................1303346
Visual/Aural Metering Board
Schematic .................................................................................1265-3309
Power Amplifier Assembly, 250 Watt, LX Series (Each Amplifier Assembly supplies
250 Watts)
Block Diagram................................................................................1303585
Interconnect.................................................................................1303510
Amplifier Control Board
Schematic ....................................................................................1301964
RF Module Pallet, Philips
Made from a RF Module Pallet w/o Transistors (1152336).
RF Module Pallet w/o Transistors
Schematic ..................................................................51-5379-309-00 WSP
150-Watt UHF Driver Pallet Assembly
Schematic ....................................................................................1303171
2-Way Combiner Board Assembly
Schematic ....................................................................................1303211
UHF Phase/Gain Board
Schematic ....................................................................................1303216
Power Supply Assembly, 1 kW, LX Series (One Power Supply Assembly for two
Amplifier Assemblies)
Interconnect.................................................................................1303479
LX Series Power Amplifier Assembly Appendix B, Drawings and Parts Lists
LX Series, Rev. 0 B-2