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INSTRUCTION MANUAL

INNOVATOR LX SERIES

UHF ANALOG DRIVER/UHF TRANSLATOR

AXCERA, LLC

103 FREEDOM DRIVE P.O. BOX 525 LAWRENCE, PA 15055-0525 USA

(724) 873-8100 • FAX (724) 873-8105

www.axcera.com • info@axcera.com

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Table of Contents

LX Series, Rev. 0 August 29, 2003 i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Manual Overview ............................................................................ 1-1

1.2 Assembly Designation Numbers ......................................................... 1-1

1.3 Safety........................................................................................... 1-1

1.4 Maintenance.................................................................................. 1-2

1.5 Material Return Procedure................................................................. 1-2

1.6 Limited One-Year Warranty for Axcera Products .................................... 1-3

CHAPTER 2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION & REMOTE CONTROL CONNECTIONS

2.1 System Overview ........................................................................... 2-1

2.1.1 Receiver Tray ........................................................................ 2-2

2.1.2 IF Processor Module ................................................................ 2-3

2.1.3 LO/Upconverter Module ........................................................... 2-5

2.1.4 Control & Monitoring/Power Supply Module .................................. 2-7

2.1.5 Power Amplifier Module ........................................................... 2-8

2.1.6 RF Output Assemblies.............................................................. 2-9

2.2 Control and Status .......................................................................... 2-9

2.2.1 Front Panel LCD Display Screen................................................2-10

2.3 System Operation ..........................................................................2-10

2.3.1 Principles of Operation............................................................2-11

2.4 Customer Remote Connections .........................................................2-12

CHAPTER 3 SITE CONSIDERATIONS, INSTALLATION AND SETUP PROCEDURES

3.1 Site Considerations.......................................................................... 3-1

3.2 Unpacking the Chassis w/Modules and Receiver Tray.............................. 3-4

3.3 Installing the Chassis w/Modules and Receiver Tray............................... 3-4

3.4 AC Input ....................................................................................... 3-6

3.5 Setup and Operation........................................................................ 3-6

3.5.1 Input Connections .................................................................. 3-7

3.5.2 Front Panel Screens for the Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly ....... 3-9

CHAPTER 4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONS

4.1 Receiver Tray................................................................................. 4-1

4.1.1 50-Ohm Filter........................................................................ 4-1

4.1.2 Dual Stage Amplifier Assembly .................................................. 4-1

4.1.3 Channel Filter........................................................................ 4-1

4.1.4 Downconverter Amplifier Assembly ............................................ 4-2

4.1.5 Channel Oscillator Assembly ..................................................... 4-2

4.1.6 x8, x2, x4 Multiplier Board ....................................................... 4-2

4.1.7 L.O. Filter ............................................................................. 4-2

4.1.8 IF Filter/ALC Board ................................................................. 4-2

4.1.9 SAW Board (Optional) ............................................................. 4-2

4.1.10 IF Amplifier Board (Optional)................................................... 4-3

4.1.11 IF Filter/Limiter Board (Optional) ............................................. 4-3

4.1.12 IF PLL Board (Optional) .......................................................... 4-3

4.1.13 IF Carrier Oven Oscillator (Optional) ......................................... 4-3

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Table of Contents

LX Series, Rev. 0 August 29, 2003 ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS - (Continued)

SECTION ......................................................................................... PAGE

4.1.14 +/- 12V Power Supply Board................................................... 4-4

4.2 IF Processor Module......................................................................... 4-4

4.2.1 IF Processor Board.................................................................. 4-4

4.3 LO/Upconverter Module ...................................................................4-10

4.3.1 UHF Generator Board .............................................................4-10

4.3.2 UHF Filters ...........................................................................4-11

4.3.3 LO/Upconverter Board ............................................................4-11

4.4 Control Monitoring/Power Supply Module ............................................4-15

4.4.1 Power Protection Board...........................................................4-16

4.4.2 Control Board .......................................................................4-16

4.4.3 Switch Board ........................................................................4-19

4.4.4 Switching Power Supply Assembly ............................................4-19

4.5 Power Amplifier Module Assembly......................................................4-19

4.5.1 1-Watt Amplifier Module Assembly ............................................4-19

4.5.2 1-Watt UHF Amplifier Board.....................................................4-19

4.5.3 40 Watt UHF Amplifier Assembly...............................................4-20

4.5.4 UHF Module Assembly, RF Module Pallet.....................................4-20

4.5.5 Coupler Board Assembly .........................................................4-21

4.5.6 Amplifier Control Board...........................................................4-21

CHAPTER 5 DETAILED ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES

Module Replacement ............................................................... 5-1

Initial Test Setup.................................................................... 5-1

5.1 UHF/VHF Receiver Tray..................................................................... 5-2

5.1.1 UHF Filter ............................................................................. 5-2

5.1.2 Dual Stage Amplifier Board....................................................... 5-2

5.1.3 UHF Filter ............................................................................. 5-2

5.1.4 Channel Oscillator Assembly ..................................................... 5-2

5.1.5 x8, x4, x2 Multiplier Board ....................................................... 5-3

5.1.6 UHF Filter ............................................................................. 5-4

5.1.7 Downconverter Amplifier Board ................................................. 5-4

5.1.8 IF Filter/ALC Board ................................................................. 5-4

5.1.9 SAW Filter Board (Optional) ...................................................... 5-4

5.1.10 +/- 12V Power Supply ........................................................... 5-4

5.1.11 IF Carrier Oscillator Board (Optional) ........................................ 5-4

5.1.12 IF Filter/Limiter Board............................................................ 5-4

5.1.13 IF PLL Board (Optional) .......................................................... 5-4

5.1.14 IF Amplifier Board, High Gain (Optional) .................................... 5-5

5.2 Innovator LX Series Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly .......................... 5-6

5.2.1 Linearity Correction Adjustment ................................................ 5-6

5.2.2 Frequency Response Delay Equalization Adjustment ...................... 5-7

5.2.3 Calibration of Output Power and Reflected Power.......................... 5-7

5.3 Alignment Procedure for the Band-pass Filter Assembly ........................ 5-8

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS

APPENDIX B DRAWINGS AND PARTS LISTS

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Table of Contents

LX Series, Rev. 0 iii

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE

3-1 1 kW Minimum Ventilation Configuration ....................................... 3-4

3-2 Tray Slide Cabinet Mounting Diagram........................................... 3-5

3-3 Front and Rear View Reconnection Drawing ................................... 3-6

3-4 Rear View of Innovator LX Series UHF Translator............................ 3-7

5-1 Typical Red Field Spectrum......................................................... 5-7

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Table of Contents

LX Series, Rev. 0 iv

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE PAGE

2-1 10-100W Innovator LX Series Translator Assemblies and Tray........... 2-1

2-5 Receiver Samples ..................................................................... 2-2

2-6 IF Processor Front Panel Switch................................................... 2-4

2-7 IF Processor Front Panel Status Indicators ..................................... 2-4

2-8 IF Processor Front Panel Control Adjustments................................. 2-4

2-9 IF Processor Front Panel Sample.................................................. 2-4

2-10 LO/Upconverter Front Panel Switch.............................................. 2-6

2-11 LO/Upconverter Front Panel Status Indicators ................................ 2-6

2-12 LO/Upconverter Front Panel Control Adjustments............................ 2-6

2-13 LO/Upconverter Front Panel Samples............................................ 2-6

2-14 Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Display .................................. 2-7

2-15 Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Status Indicators ..................... 2-7

2-16 Controller/Power Supply Front Panel Control Adjustments................. 2-7

2-17 Power Amplifier Front Panel Status Indicators................................. 2-9

2-18 Power Amplifier Front Panel Control Adjustments............................ 2-9

2-19 Power Amplifier Front Panel Sample ............................................. 2-9

2-22 VHF Television Frequencies........................................................2-11

2-23 UHF Television Frequencies .......................................................2-11

2-25 Innovator LX Series Chassis Customer Remote Connections.............2-13

3-1 Rear Chassis Connections for Receiver Tray................................... 3-7

3-2 Rear Chassis Connections for LX Series Translators (driver) .............. 3-7

3-3 Menu 01 Splash Screen #1......................................................... 3-9

3-4 Menu 02 Splash Screen #2......................................................... 3-9

3-5 Menu 10 Main Screen................................................................ 3-9

3-6 Menu 11 Error List Screen.........................................................3-10

3-7 Menu 12 Translator Device Data Access Screen .............................3-10

3-8 Menu 13 Translator Configuration Access Screen............................3-10

3-9 Menu 20 Error List Display Screen...............................................3-10

3-10 Menu 30 Translator Device Details Screen ....................................3-10

3-11 Translator Device Parameters ....................................................3-12

3-12 Menu 40 Translator Set Up: Power Raise/Lower Screen...................3-13

3-13 Menu 40-1 Translator Set Up: Xltr. Model Select Screen..................3-13

3-14 Menu 40-2 Translator Set Up: Frequency Select Screen...................3-13

3-15 Menu 40-3 Translator Set Up: Frequency Table Select Screen...........3-13

3-16 Menu 40-4 Translator Set Up: IF Frequency Screen........................3-14

3-17 Menu 40-5 Translator Set Up: Custom Frequency Select Screen........3-14

3-18 Menu 40-6 Translator Set Up: Serial Address Screen ......................3-14

3-19 Menu 40-7 Translator Set Up: Xltr. Visual Power Cal. Screen............3-14

3-20 Menu 40-8 Translator Set Up: Xltr. Aural Power Cal. Screen.............3-15

3-21 Menu 40-9 Translator Set Up: Xltr. Rfltd. Power Cal. Screen.............3-15

3-22 Menu 40-10 Translator Set Up: Fwd. Power Fault Thresh. Screen......3-15

3-23 Menu 40-11 Translator Set Up: Rflt. Power Fault Thresh. Screen.......3-15

3-23 Menu 40-12 Translator Set Up: Remote Commands Control .............3-16

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-1

Chapter 1

Introduction

This manual explains the installation,

setup, alignment, and maintenance

procedures for the Innovator LX Series

modular UHF translator. It is important

that you read all of the instructions,

especially the safety information in this

chapter, before you begin to install or

operate the unit.

1.1 Manual Overview

This instruction manual is divided into

five chapters and supporting appendices.

Chapter 1, Introduction, contains

information on the assembly numbering

system used in the manual, safety,

maintenance, return procedures, and

warranties. The second chapter describes

the translator and includes discussions on

system control and status indicators and

remote control connections. Chapter 3

explains how to unpack, install, setup,

and operate the translator. Chapter 4

contains circuit-level descriptions for

boards and board-level components in

the translator. Chapter 5, Detailed

Alignment Procedures, provides

information on adjusting the system

assemblies for optimal operation. The

appendices contain a sample log sheet,

test data sheet, assembly and

subassembly drawings and parts lists,

and system specifications.

1.2 Assembly Designators

Axcera has assigned assembly numbers,

such as Ax (x=1,2,3…), to all assemblies,

trays, and boards that are referenced in

the text of this manual and shown on the

block diagrams and interconnect

drawings provided in the appendices.

These supporting documents are

arranged in increasing numerical order in

the appendices. Section titles in the text

for assembly or tray descriptions or

alignment procedures contain the

associated part number(s) and the

relevant appendix that contains the

drawings for that item.

1.3 Safety

The UHF translators manufactured by

Axcera are designed to be easy to use

and repair while providing protection

from electrical and mechanical hazards.

Listed throughout the manual are notes,

cautions, and warnings concerning

possible safety hazards that may be

encountered while operating or servicing

the translator. Please review these

warnings and familiarize yourself with the

operation and servicing procedures

before working on the translator.

Read All Instructions – All of the

operating and safety instructions should

be read and understood before operating

this equipment.

Retain Manuals – The manuals for the

translator should be retained at the

translator site for future reference. We

provide two sets of manuals for this

purpose; one set can be left at the office

while one set can be kept at the site.

Heed all Notes, Warnings, and

Cautions – All of the notes, warnings,

and cautions listed in this safety section

and throughout the manual must be

followed.

Follow Instructions – All of the

operating and use instructions for the

translator should be followed.

Cleaning – Unplug or otherwise

disconnect all power from the equipment

before cleaning. Do not use liquid or

aerosol cleaners. Use a damp cloth for

cleaning.

Ventilation – Openings in the cabinets

and tray front panels are provided for

ventilation. To ensure the reliable

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-2

operation of the translator, and to protect

the unit from overheating, these

openings must not be blocked.

Servicing – Do not attempt to service

this product yourself until becoming

familiar with the equipment. If in doubt,

refer all servicing questions to qualified

Axcera service personnel.

Replacement Parts – When

replacement parts are used, be sure that

the parts have the same functional and

performance characteristics as the

original part. Unauthorized substitutions

may result in fire, electric shock, or other

hazards. Please contact the Axcera

Technical Service Department if you have

any questions regarding service or

replacement parts.

1.4 Maintenance

The Innovator LX Series Translator is

designed with components that require

little or no periodic maintenance except

for the routine cleaning of the fans and

the front panels of the trays.

The amount of time between cleanings

depends on the conditions within the

transmitter room. While the electronics

have been designed to function even if

covered with dust, a heavy buildup of

dust, dirt, or insects will affect the

cooling of the components. This could

lead to a thermal shutdown or the

premature failure of the affected trays.

When the front panels of the trays

become dust covered, the top covers

should be taken off and any accumulated

foreign material should be removed. A

vacuum cleaner, utilizing a small, wand-

type attachment, is an excellent way to

suction out the dirt. Alcohol and other

cleaning agents should not be used

unless you are certain that the solvents

will not damage components or the silk-

screened markings on the trays and

boards. Water-based cleaners can be

used, but do not saturate the

components. The fans and heatsinks

should be cleaned of all dust or dirt to

permit the free flow of air for cooling

purposes.

It is recommended that the operating

parameters of the translator be recorded

from the meters on the trays and the

system metering control panel at least

once a month. It is suggested that this

data be retained in a rugged folder or

envelope. A sample format for a log

sheet is provided in Appendix A.

Photocopies of the log sheet should be

made to allow for continued data entries.

1.5 Material Return Procedure

To insure the efficient handling of

equipment or components that have been

returned for repair, Axcera requests that

each returned item be accompanied by a

Material Return Authorization Number

(MRA#).

An MRA# can be obtained from any

Axcera Field Service Engineer by

contacting the Axcera Field Service

Department at (724) 873-8100 or by fax

at (724) 873-8105. This procedure

applies to all items sent to the Field

Service Department regardless of

whether the item was originally

manufactured by Axcera.

When equipment is sent to the field on

loan, an MRA# is included with the unit.

The MRA# is intended to be used when

the unit is returned to Axcera. In

addition, all shipping material should be

retained for the return of the unit to

Axcera.

Replacement assemblies are also sent

with an MRA# to allow for the proper

routing of the exchanged hardware.

Failure to close out this type of MRA# will

normally result in the customer being

invoiced for the value of the loaner item

or the exchange assembly.

When shipping an item to Axcera, please

include the MRA# on the packing list and

on the shipping container.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-3

The packing slip should also include

contact information and a brief

description of why the unit is being

returned.

Please forward all MRA items to:

AXCERA, LLC

103 Freedom Drive

P.O. Box 525

Lawrence, PA 15055-0525 USA

For more information concerning this

procedure, call the Axcera Field Service

Department.

Axcera can also be contacted through e-

mail at info@axcera.com and on the

Web at www.axcera.com.

1.6 Limited One-Year Warranty for

Axcera Products

Axcera warrants each new product that

it has manufactured and sold against

defects in material and workmanship

under normal use and service for a

period of one (1) year from the date of

shipment from Axcera's plant, when

operated in accordance with Axcera's

operating instructions. This warranty

shall not apply to tubes, fuses,

batteries, or bulbs.

Warranties are valid only when and if

(a) Axcera receives prompt written

notice of breach within the period of

warranty, (b) the defective product is

properly packed and returned by the

buyer (transportation and insurance

prepaid), and (c) Axcera determines, in

its sole judgment, that the product is

defective and not subject to any misuse,

neglect, improper installation,

negligence, accident, or (unless

authorized in writing by Axcera) repair

or alteration. Axcera's exclusive liability

for any personal and/or property

damage (including direct, consequential,

or incidental) caused by the breach of

any or all warranties, shall be limited to

the following: (a) repairing or replacing

(in Axcera's sole discretion) any

defective parts free of charge (F.O.B.

Axcera’s plant) and/or (b) crediting (in

Axcera's sole discretion) all or a portion

of the purchase price to the buyer.

Equipment furnished by Axcera, but not

bearing its trade name, shall bear no

warranties other than the special hours-

of-use or other warranties extended by

or enforceable against the manufacturer

at the time of delivery to the buyer. NO

WARRANTIES, WHETHER

STATUTORY, EXPRESSED, OR

IMPLIED, AND NO WARRANTIES OF

MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR

ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR

FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT,

OR THE LIKE, OTHER THAN AS

SPECIFIED IN PATENT LIABILITY

ARTICLES, AND IN THIS ARTICLE,

SHALL APPLY TO THE EQUIPMENT

FURNISHED HEREUNDER.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-4

FF WARNING!!!

×× HIGH VOLTAGE ØØ

DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REPAIR OR TROUBLESHOOT THIS EQUIPMENT UNLESS

YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH ITS OPERATION AND EXPERIENCED IN

SERVICING HIGH VOLTAGE EQUIPMENT. LETHAL VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT

WHEN POWER IS APPLIED TO THIS SYSTEM. IF POSSIBLE, TURN OFF

POWER BEFORE MAKING ADJUSTMENTS TO THE SYSTEM.

«« RADIO FREQUENCY RADIATION HAZARD ««

MICROWAVE, RF AMPLIFIERS AND TUBES GENERATE HAZARDOUS RF

RADIATION THAT CAN CAUSE SEVERE INJURY INCLUDING CATARACTS,

WHICH CAN RESULT IN BLINDNESS. SOME CARDIAC PACEMAKERS MAY BE

AFFECTED BY THE RF ENERGY EMITTED BY RF AND MICROWAVE

AMPLIFIERS. NEVER OPERATE THE TRANSLATOR SYSTEM WITHOUT A

PROPERLY MATCHED RF ENERGY ABSORBING LOAD ATTACHED. KEEP

PERSONNEL AWAY FROM OPEN WAVEGUIDES AND ANTENNAS. NEVER LOOK

INTO AN OPEN WAVEGUIDE OR ANTENNA. MONITOR ALL PARTS OF THE RF

SYSTEM FOR RADIATION LEAKAGE AT REGULAR INTERVALS.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-5

EMERGENCY FIRST AID INSTRUCTIONS

Personnel engaged in the installation, operation, or maintenance of this equipment are urged to become

familiar with the following rules both in theory and practice. It is the duty of all operating personnel to be

prepared to give adequate Emergency First Aid and thereby prevent avoidable loss of life.

RESCUE BREATHING

1. Find out if the person is

breathing.

You must find out if the person

has stopped breathing. If you

think he is not breathing, place

him flat on his back. Put your ear

close to his mouth and look at his

chest. If he is breathing you can

feel the air on your cheek. You

can see his chest move up and

down. If you do not feel the air

or see the chest move, he is not

breathing.

2. If he is not breathing, open

the airway by tilting his head

backwards.

Lift up his neck with one hand

and push down on his forehead

with the other. This opens the

airway. Sometimes doing this will

let the person breathe again by

himself.

3. If he is still not breathing,

begin rescue breathing.

-Keep his head tilted backward.

Pinch nose shut.

-Put your mouth tightly over his

mouth.

-Blow into his mouth once every

five seconds

-DO NOT STOP rescue breathing

until help arrives.

LOOSEN CLOTHING - KEEP

WARM

Do this when the victim is

breathing by himself or help is

available. Keep him as quiet as

possible and from becoming

chilled. Otherwise treat him for

shock.

BURNS

SKIN REDDENED: Apply ice cold water to burned

area to prevent burn from going deeper into skin

tissue. Cover area with clean sheet or cloth to keep

away air. Consult a physician.

SKIN BLISTERED OR FLESH CHARRED: Apply ice

cold water to burned area to prevent burn from

going deeper into skin tissue.

Cover area with clean sheet or cloth to keep away

air. Treat victim for shock and take to hospital.

EXTENSIVE BURN - SKIN BROKEN: Cover area with

clean sheet or cloth to keep away air. Treat victim

for shock and take to hospital.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-6

Note: Because of possible FCC assigned offset, check for the assigned Carrier

Frequency as written on License.

UHF Channels NTSC Standard IF, 45.75 MHz

Visual Carrier Frequency (MHz) L.O.

(MHz) Crystal Frequency (MHz)

Channel Nominal Minus Plus Nominal Nominal Minus Plus

14 471.25 471.24 471.26 517.00 64.625 64.62375 64.62625

15 477.25 477.24 477.26 523.00 65.375 65.37375 65.37625

16 483.25 483.24 483.26 529.00 66.125 66.12375 66.12625

17 489.25 489.24 489.26 535.00 66.875 66.87375 66.87625

18 495.25 495.24 495.26 541.00 67.625 67.62375 67.62625

19 501.25 501.24 501.26 547.00 68.375 68.37375 68.37625

20 507.25 507.24 507.26 553.00 69.125 69.12375 69.12625

21 513.25 513.24 513.26 559.00 69.875 69.87375 69.87625

22 519.25 519.24 519.26 565.00 70.625 70.62375 70.62625

23 525.25 525.24 525.26 571.00 71.375 71.37375 71.37625

24 531.25 531.24 531.26 577.00 72.125 72.12375 72.12625

25 537.25 537.24 537.26 583.00 72.875 72.87375 72.87625

26 543.25 543.24 543.26 589.00 73.625 73.62375 73.62625

27 549.25 549.24 549.26 595.00 74.375 74.37375 74.37625

28 555.25 555.24 555.26 601.00 75.125 75.12375 75.12625

29 561.25 561.24 561.26 607.00 75.875 75.87375 75.87625

30 567.25 567.24 567.26 613.00 76.625 76.62375 76.62625

31 573.25 573.24 573.26 619.00 77.375 77.37375 77.37625

32 579.25 579.24 579.26 625.00 78.125 78.12375 78.12625

33 585.25 585.24 585.26 631.00 78.875 78.87375 78.87625

34 591.25 591.24 591.26 637.00 79.625 79.62375 79.62625

35 597.25 597.24 597.26 643.00 80.375 80.37375 80.37625

36 603.25 603.24 603.26 649.00 81.125 81.12375 81.12625

37 609.25 609.24 609.26 655.00 81.875 81.87375 81.87625

38 615.25 615.24 615.26 661.00 82.625 82.62375 82.62625

39 621.25 621.24 621.26 667.00 83.375 83.37375 83.37625

40 627.25 627.24 627.26 673.00 84.125 84.12375 84.12625

41 633.25 633.24 633.26 679.00 84.875 84.87375 84.87625

42 639.25 639.24 639.26 685.00 85.625 85.62375 85.62625

43 645.25 645.24 645.26 691.00 86.375 86.37375 86.37625

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-7

Note: Because of possible FCC assigned offset, check for the assigned Carrier

Frequency as written on License.

UHF Channels NTSC Standard IF, 45.75 MHz

Visual Carrier Frequency (MHz) L.O.

(MHz) Crystal Frequency (MHz)

Channel Nominal Minus Plus Nominal Nominal Minus Plus

44 651.25 651.24 651.26 697.00 87.125 87.12375 87.12625

45 657.25 657.24 657.26 703.00 87.875 87.87375 87.87625

46 663.25 663.24 663.26 709.00 88.625 88.62375 88.62625

47 669.25 669.24 669.26 715.00 89.375 89.37375 89.37625

48 675.25 675.24 675.26 721.00 90.125 90.12375 90.12625

49 681.25 681.24 681.26 727.00 90.875 90.87375 90.87625

50 687.25 687.24 687.26 733.00 91.625 91.62375 91.62625

51 693.25 693.24 693.26 739.00 92.375 92.37375 92.37625

52 699.25 699.24 699.26 745.00 93.125 93.12375 93.12625

53 705.25 705.24 705.26 751.00 93.875 93.87375 93.87625

54 711.25 711.24 711.26 757.00 94.625 94.62375 94.62625

55 717.25 717.24 717.26 763.00 95.375 95.37375 95.37625

56 723.25 723.24 723.26 769.00 96.125 96.12375 96.12625

57 729.25 729.24 729.26 775.00 96.875 96.87375 96.87625

58 735.25 735.24 735.26 781.00 97.625 97.62375 97.62625

59 741.25 741.24 741.26 787.00 98.375 98.37375 98.37625

60 747.25 747.24 747.26 793.00 99.125 99.12375 99.12625

61 753.25 753.24 753.26 799.00 99.875 99.87375 99.87625

62 759.25 759.24 759.26 805.00 100.625 100.62375 100.62625

63 765.25 765.24 765.26 811.00 101.375 101.37375 101.37625

64 771.25 771.24 771.26 817.00 102.125 102.12375 102.12625

65 777.25 777.24 777.26 823.00 102.875 102.87375 102.87625

66 783.25 783.24 783.26 829.00 103.625 103.62375 103.62625

67 789.25 789.24 789.26 835.00 104.375 104.37375 104.37625

68 795.25 795.24 795.26 841.00 105.125 105.12375 105.12625

69 801.25 801.24 801.26 847.00 105.875 105.87375 105.87625

70 807.25 807.24 807.26 853.00 106.625 106.62375 106.62625

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-8

Note: Because of possible FCC assigned offset, check for the assigned Carrier

Frequency as written on License.

UHF Frequency Assignments

Channel

Number Bandwidth

(MHz) Video

(MHz) Color

(MHz) Audio

(MHz)

14 470-476 471.25 474.83 475.75

15 476-482 477.25 480.83 481.75

16 482-488 483.25 486.83 487.75

17 488-494 489.25 492.83 493.75

18 494-500 495.25 498.83 499.75

19 500-506 501.25 504.83 505.75

20 506-512 507.25 510.83 511.75

21 512-518 513.25 516.83 517.75

22 518-524 519.25 522.83 523.75

23 524-530 525.25 528.83 529.75

24 530-536 531.25 534.83 535.75

25 536-542 537.25 540.83 541.75

26 542-548 543.25 546.83 547.75

27 548-554 549.25 552.83 553.75

28 554-560 555.25 558.83 559.75

29 560-566 561.25 564.83 565.75

30 566-572 567.25 570.83 571.75

31 572-578 573.25 576.83 577.75

32 578-584 579.25 582.83 583.75

33 584-590 585.25 588.83 589.75

34 590-596 591.25 594.83 595.75

35 596-602 597.25 600.83 601.75

36 602-608 603.25 606.83 607.75

37 608-614 609.25 612.83 613.75

38 614-620 615.25 618.83 619.75

39 620-626 621.25 624.83 625.75

40 626-632 627.25 630.83 631.75

41 632-638 633.25 636.83 637.75

42 638-644 639.25 642.83 643.75

43 644-650 645.25 648.83 649.75

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-9

Note: Because of possible FCC assigned offset, check for the assigned

Carrier Frequency as written on License.

UHF Frequency Assignments

Channel

Number Bandwidth

(MHz) Video

(MHz) Color

(MHz) Audio

(MHz)

44 650-656 651.25 654.83 655.75

45 656-662 657.25 660.83 661.75

46 662-668 663.25 666.83 667.75

47 668-674 669.25 672.83 673.75

48 674-680 675.25 678.83 679.75

49 680-686 681.25 684.83 685.75

50 686-692 687.25 690.83 691.75

51 692-698 693.25 696.83 697.75

52 698-704 699.25 702.83 703.75

53 704-710 705.25 708.83 709.75

54 710-716 711.25 714.83 715.75

55 716-722 717.25 720.83 721.75

56 722-728 723.25 726.83 727.75

57 728-734 729.25 732.83 733.75

58 734-740 735.25 738.83 739.75

59 740-746 741.25 744.83 745.75

60 746-752 747.25 750.83 751.75

61 752-758 753.25 756.83 757.75

62 758-764 759.25 762.83 763.75

63 764-770 765.25 768.83 769.75

64 770-776 771.25 774.83 775.75

65 776-782 777.25 780.83 781.75

66 782-788 783.25 786.83 787.75

67 788-794 789.25 792.83 793.75

68 794-800 795.25 798.83 799.75

69 800-806 801.25 804.83 805.75

70 806-812 807.25 810.83 811.75

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-10

dBm, dBw, dBmV, dBµµV, & VOLTAGE

EXPRESSED IN WATTS

50 Ohm System

WATTS PREFIX dBm dBw dBmV dBµV VOLTAGE

1,000,000,000,000 1 TERAWATT +150 +120

100,000,000,000 100 GIGAWATTS +140 +110

10,000,000,000 10 GIGAWATTS +130 +100

1,000,000,000 1 GIGAWATT +120 + 99

100,000,000 100 MEGAWATTS +110 + 80

10,000,000 10 MEGAWATTS +100 + 70

1,000,000 1 MEGAWATT + 90 + 60

100,000 100 KILOWATTS + 80 + 50

10,000 10 KILOWATTS + 70 + 40

1,000 1 KILOWATT + 60 + 30

100 1 HECTROWATT + 50 + 20

50 + 47 + 17

20 + 43 + 13

10 1 DECAWATT + 40 + 10

1 1 WATT + 30 0 + 77 +137 7.07V

0.1 1 DECIWATT + 20 - 10 + 67 +127 2.24V

0.01 1 CENTIWATT + 10 - 20 + 57 +117 0.707V

0.001 1 MILLIWATT 0 - 30 + 47 +107 224mV

0.0001 100 MICROWATTS - 10 - 40

0.00001 10 MICROWATTS - 20 - 50

0.000001 1 MICROWATT - 30 - 60

0.0000001 100 NANOWATTS - 40 - 70

0.00000001 10 NANOWATTS - 50 - 80

0.000000001 1 NANOWATT - 60 - 90

0.0000000001 100 PICOWATTS - 70 -100

0.00000000001 10 PICOWATTS - 80 -110

0.000000000001 1 PICOWATT - 90 -120

TEMPERATURE CONVERSION

°°F = 32 + [(9/5) °°C]

°°C = [(5/9) (°°F - 32)]

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-11

USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS

TO CONVERT FROM TO MULTIPLY BY

mile (US statute) kilometer (km) 1.609347

inch (in) millimeter (mm) 25.4

inch (in) centimeter (cm) 2.54

inch (in) meter (m) 0.0254

foot (ft) meter (m) 0.3048

yard (yd) meter (m) 0.9144

mile per hour (mph) kilometer per hour(km/hr) 1.60934

mile per hour (mph) meter per second (m/s) 0.44704

pound (lb) kilogram (kg) 0.4535924

gallon (gal) liter 3.7854118

U.S. liquid

(One U.S. gallon equals 0.8327 Canadian gallon)

fluid ounce (fl oz) milliliters (ml) 29.57353

British Thermal Unit watt (W) 0.2930711

per hour (Btu/hr)

horsepower (hp) watt (W) 746

NOMENCLATURE OF FREQUENCY BANDS

FREQUENCY RANGE DESIGNATION

3 to 30 kHz VLF - Very Low Frequency

30 to 300 kHz LF - Low Frequency

300 to 3000 kHz MF - Medium Frequency

3 to 30 MHz HF - High Frequency

30 to 300 MHz VHF - Very High Frequency

300 to 3000 MHz UHF - Ultrahigh Frequency

3 to 30 GHz SHF - Superhigh Frequency

30 to 300 GHz EHF - Extremely High Frequency

LETTER DESIGNATIONS FOR UPPER FREQUENCY BANDS

LETTER FREQ. BAND

L 1000 - 2000 MHz

S 2000 - 4000 MHz

C 4000 - 8000 MHz

X 8000 - 12000 MHz

Ku 12 - 18 GHz

K 18 - 27 GHz

Ka 27 - 40 GHz

V 40 - 75 GHz

W 75 - 110 GHz

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-12

ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS

AC Alternating Current

AFC Automatic Frequency Control

ALC Automatic Level Control

AM Amplitude modulation

AGC Automatic Gain Control

AWG American wire gauge

BER Bit Error Rate

BW Bandwidth

DC Direct Current

D/A Digital to analog

dB Decibel

dBm Decibel referenced to 1 milliwatt

dBmV Decibel referenced to 1 millivolt

dBw Decibel referenced to 1 watt

FEC Forward Error Correction

FM Frequency modulation

Hz Hertz

ICPM Incidental Carrier Phase Modulation

I/P Input

IF Intermediate Frequency

LED Light emitting diode

LSB Lower Sideband

MPEG Motion Pictures Expert Group

O/P Output

PLL Phase Locked Loop

PCB Printed circuit board

QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 1, Introduction

LX Series, Rev. 0 1-13

RETURN LOSS VS. VSWR

1.001 1.01 1.1 2.0

VSWR

-10

-20

-30

-40

-50

-60

-70

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-1

IF Processor

Module

LO/Upconverter

Module

Chapter 2

System Description & Remote Control Connections

The Innovator LX Series of

drivers/translators are complete 10W to

100W analog UHF translators that

operate at nominal visual output power

of 10 to 100 watts peak sync and an

aural output power of 1 to 10 watts at an

A/V ratio of 10dB, 10% sound or .5 to 5

watts at 13 dB, 5% sound.

2.1 System Overview

The Innovator LX Series translator is

made up of a Receiver Tray and an

exciter amplifier chassis assembly. The

modules and assemblies that make up

the translator are listed in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1: Innovator LX Series Translator Trays and Assemblies

ASSEMBLY DESIGNATOR TRAY/ASSEMBLY NAME PART NUMBER

Receiver Tray 1265-1100

A3 IF Processor Module 1301938

A4 Control & Monitoring/Power

Supply Module

1301936

A5 LO/Upconverter Module 1301930

A6 Power Amplifier Module, 100

Watt Translator 1301923

A11 Backplane Board 1301941

A12 Switch Board 1527-1406

A20 LCD Display Board

Receiver

Tray

Controller/

Power Supply

Module

Power

Amplifier

Module

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-2

2.1.1 8 Receiver Tray (1265-1100;

Appendix B)

The Receiver Tray receives a VHF or UHF

Channel input at Jack (J1) and converts it

to an internally diplexed Visual + Aural IF

Output (+0 dBm) at J4. The Visual +

Aural IF output of the Receiver Tray at J4

is fed to J6 the IF Input Jack of the

exciter.

Table 2-5. Receiver Samples

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

Front panel sample – f (IF) Sample of the IF output

Front panel sample – f (s) Sample of the channel oscillator

Exciter Amplifier Chassis Assembly

All of the modules except the power

amplifier module and the power supply

section, located in the Control &

Monitoring/Power Supply Module, plug

directly into a backplane board, which

provides module to module

interconnection as well as interconnection

to remote command and control

connectors.

RECEIVER

TRAY

INPUT LEVEL: -61 dBm to –16dBm

OUTPUT LEVEL: 0 dBm

POWER REQUIREMENTS: 110 or 220 VAC

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-3

2.1.2 (A3) IF Processor Module

Assembly (1301938; Appendix B)

The (A3) IF Processor Assembly contains

the IF Processor Board (1301977). The IF

Processor provides pre-correction to

ensure broadcast quality output signal.

The pre-correction consists of amplitude

linearity correction, Incidental Carrier

Phase Modulation (ICPM) correction and

frequency response correction.

The IF Processor module is configured

either for an analog or digital system.

Pin 13C of the IF Processor module is

grounded in analog systems and left not

connected in digital systems. An IF

Processor Interlock signal is used to

report the presence of the IF Processor

module to the Control Monitoring board.

If the IF Processor interlock signal is not

present, the Innovator LX 100 Watt

Translator/Exciter Driver RF output is

Muted (turned off). If an analog IF

Processor module is installed and the

Modulation Present signal is not true,

the Innovator LX 100 Watt Translator /

Exciter Driver output is Muted (turned

off).

The Control & Monitoring/Power Supply

module uses the IF Processor module for

System output power control. Through

the front panel display or a remote

interface, an operator can set the

translator's RF output power. The range

of RF power adjustment is between 0%

(full off) and 105% (full power plus). A

front panel IF Processor module

potentiometer sets the upper limit of RF

power at 120%. The system's Control

Monitoring board compares the RF

Power Monitoring module RF power level

with the desired level and uses the IF

Power Control PWM line to correct for

errors.

In digital systems, a digital level control

(DLC) voltage is generated on the IF

Processor module and sent to an

external digital modulator (DT1C or

DT2B). RF power control is

implemented by changing the DLC

voltage provided to the external digital

modulator. The 'RF High' potentiometer

sets the upper adjusted range of RF

control circuit output to 120%.

The IF Processor module provides a

reference ALC voltage to the system's

Upconverter. When the ALC voltage

decreases, the Upconverter

automatically lowers the system output

power through the AGC circuits.

The IF Processor module has a front

panel switch to select Auto or Manual

ALC. When Manual ALC is selected, the

reference ALC voltage is set by a front

panel potentiometer. In this condition,

the RF power level control circuit is

removed from use. When the ALC select

switch is changed to Auto, the RF power

level control circuit will start at low

power and increase the RF output until

the desired output power is attained.

The IF Processor module Modulation

Present signal is monitored. If the

modulation level is too low or non-

existent, a Modulation Present fault is

reported to the Control Monitoring

board. When the controller detects this

fault, it can be set to Automatically Mute

the translator or in Manual mode the

translator will continue to operate at

25% output.

The IF Processor module Input Signal

level is monitored. If the signal level is

too low or non-existent, an Input fault is

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-4

reported on the Control Monitoring

board. When the IF Processor board

detects an Input Signal fault it

automatically Mutes the translator. The

system controller does not Mute on an

IF Processor Input fault.

Table 2-6. IF Processor Front Panel Switch

SWITCH FUNCTION

MAN/AUTO ALC

When Manual ALC is selected, the reference ALC voltage is set

by the ALC Gain front panel potentiometer.

When Auto ALC is selected, the IF level control circuit will

automatically increase the IF output until the desired output

power is attained.

Table 2-7. IF Processor Front Panel Status Indicators

LED FUNCTION

INPUT FAULT (Red) When lit it indicates that there is a loss of the IF Input signal to the

IF Processor. Translator can be set to Mute on an IF Input Fault.

ALC Fault (Red)

When lit it indicates that the required gain to produce the desired

output power level has exceeded the operational range of the ALC

circuit. The LED will also be lit when ALC is in Manual.

MUTE (Red) When lit it indicates that the IF input signal is cut back but the

enable to the Power Supply is present and the +32 VDC remains on.

Table 2-8. IF Processor Front Panel Control Adjustments

POTENTIOMETERS DESCRIPTION

FREQUENCY

RESPONSE

EQUALIZER

These three variable resistors, R103, R106 & R274, adjust the

depth of gain for the three stages of frequency response correction.

ALC GAIN Adjusts the gain of the translator when the translator is in the Auto

ALC position.

MAN GAIN Adjusts the gain of the translator when the translator is in the

Manual ALC position.

LINEARITY

CORRECTION

These three variable resistors adjust the threshold cut in for the

three stages of linearity pre-correction. R211 and R216, the top

two pots, are adjusted to correct for in phase amplitude distortions.

R 231, the bottom pot, is adjusted to correct for quadrature phase

distortions.

Table 2-9. IF Processor Front Panel Sample

SMA CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

IF SAMPLE Sample of the pre-corrected IF output of the IF Processor

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-5

2.1.3 (A5) LO/Upconverter Module

Assembly, Digital (1301954;

Appendix B)

The (A5) LO/Upconverter Module

Assembly contains a front panel LED

display board (1303033), a UHF Filter

(1007-1101), a UHF Generator Board

(1585-1265) and a LO/Upconverter

Assembly (1303039). The

LO/Upconverter Assembly contains the

LO/Upconverter Board (1302132).

The Innovator LX Upconverter converts

an IF input signal to a RF output signal

on the desired channel frequency using

a high stability oven controlled oscillator

with very low phase noise and an

Automatic Level Control (ALC) for stable

output signal level.

Several control voltages are used for

translator power control. Automatic

gain control (AGC) circuits set the RF

output level of the translator system.

AGC #1 is provided by the 50 Watt

Translator/Exciter Driver Power Amplifier

module. This voltage is used by the

Upconverter to maintain a constant RF

output level at the Power Amplifier

module output. If this voltage exceeds

0.9 VDC, the system is in an over-drive

condition. The 0.9 VDC over-driver

threshold is set by a front panel

Upconverter module potentiometer.

When an over-drive condition is

detected, the Upconverter module

reduces its RF output level. For values

less than 0.9 VDC, the Upconverter uses

the AGC #1 voltage for automatic gain

control by setting it's RF output to

maintain AGC #1 equal to the AGC

voltage set by another front panel

potentiometer. When the Upconverter is

set for manual gain, the RF output of the

Upconverter is set by the front panel

AGC potentiometer. In manual gain

operation, the AGC #1 feedback voltage

from the PA is not used to adjust the RF

level unless an over-drive condition is

detected.

AGC #2 is provided by each of the

optional external amplifier modules.

Diodes are used in each of the external

amplifier forward power circuits to

capture the highest detected sample

voltage. This voltage is used by the

Upconverter to maintain a constant RF

output of the system. As with AGC #1,

the Upconverter module reduces its RF

output level if AGC #2 is too high. AGC

#1 and ACG #2 are diode ORed together

in the Upconverter gain circuit. Both

AGC voltages are first reduced by an on-

board potentiometer before being

amplified. If an over-drive condition

does not exist, the higher of the two

AGC voltages is used to control the

Upconverter gain circuit.

An AFC Voltage is generated to control

the VCXO of the UHF Generator portion

of the Upconverter module. The typical

AFC voltage is 1.5 VDC but it can be as

high as +5 VDC.

The Upconverter can operate on either

it's internal 10 MHz source or on a 10

MHz external reference signal. When an

external 10 MHz source is present on

J10, it is automatically selected. An

external reference present signal is

provided to the controller for display

purposes. The selected 10 MHz signal

from the Upconverter is buffered then

sent to the backplane on two ports. One

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-6

port is sent to the Modulator module, if

present, and the other is routed to a

BNC connector (J11) on the backplane

for a system 10 MHz output signal.

A National Semiconductor frequency

synthesizer IC is used in the frequency

conversion of the IF signal to a RF

signal. The frequency synthesizer IC

uses a 10MHz reference frequency for

signal conversion. Typically the IF input

frequency is 45.75 MHz for analog

system and 44 MHz for DTV. To obtain

different output RF frequencies, the

synthesizer IC is serial programmed by

the Control Monitoring board. The part

is programmed to use a 5 kHz phase

detection frequency. With a 10 MHz

input signal, the R counter is set to

2000. With these settings the N counter

is set to the desired LO frequency in kHz

/ 5 kHz. The maximum LO frequency

setting with these parameters is

1310.715 MHz.

Example:

For a Frequency RF Out = 517.125 MHz,

N = 517125 kHz / 5 kHz = 103425

An Upconverter PLL Lock indicator is

used to insure that the frequency control

circuits are operating properly. When

the Upconverter PLL is locked, the

frequency synthesizer IC is programmed

and the Power Amplifier module(s) can

be enabled.

The RF output of the LO/Upconverter

Module is at J23 on the rear chassis.

Table 2-10. LO/Upconverter Front Panel Switch

SWITCH FUNCTION

MAN/AUTO AGC

When Manual AGC is selected, the reference AGC voltage is

set by the AGC Manual Gain front panel potentiometer.

When Auto AGC is selected, the RF power level control circuit

will automatically increase the RF output until the desired

output power is attained.

Table 2-11. LO/Upconverter Front Panel Status Indicator

LED FUNCTION

AGC CUTBACK

(Red)

When lit it indicates that the required gain to produce the desired

output power level has exceeded the level set by the AGC Cutback

(Override) adjust. Translator will cut back power to 25%

Table 2-12. LO/Upconverter Front Panel Control Adjustments

POTENTIOMETERS DESCRIPTION

MAN GAIN ADJ Adjusts the gain of the translator when the translator is in the

Manual AGC position.

AGC CUTBACK ADJ

(AGC OVERRIDE)

Adjusts the point at which the translator will cut back in power

when the Translator is in the Auto AGC position.

Table 2-13. LO/Upconverter Front Panel Samples

SMA CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION

LO SAMPLE Sample of the LO signal to the Upconverter as generated by the

UHF Generator Board.

RF SAMPLE Sample of the On Channel RF Output of the Upconverter

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-7

2.1.4 (A4) Control & Monitoring/

Power Supply Module Assembly

(1301936; Appendix B)

The (A4) Control & Monitoring/Power

Supply Assembly is made up of a Control

Board (1302021), a Power Protection

Board (1302837) and a Switch Board

(1527-1406). The Assembly also

contains a switching power supply that

provides ±12 VDC to the rest of the

modules in the chassis and +32 VDC to

the Power Amplifier module.

The Assembly provides all translator

control and monitoring functions. The

Front panel LCD allows monitoring of

system parameters, including forward

and reflected power, transistor currents,

module temperatures and power supply

voltages.

Table 2-14. Controller/Power Supply Display

DISPLAY FUNCTION

LCD

A 4 x 20 display providing a four-line readout of the internal

functions, external inputs, and status. See Chapter 3,

Controller/Power Supply Display Screens, for a listing of displays.

Table 2-15. Controller/Power Supply Status Indicator

LED FUNCTION

OPERATE

( green )

When lit it indicates that the translator is in the Operate Mode. If

translator is Muted the Operate LED will stay lit, the translator will

remain in Operate, until the input signal is returned.

FAULT

( red or green )

Red indicates that a problem has occurred in the translator. The

translator will be Muted or placed in Standby until the problem is

corrected.

DC OK

( red or green )

Green indicates that the switchable fuse protected DC outputs that

connect to the modules in the translator are OK.

Table 2-16. Controller/Power Supply Control Adjustments

POTENTIOMETERS DESCRIPTION

DISPLAY CONTRAST Adjusts the contrast of the display for desired viewing of screen.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-8

2.1.5 (A6) Power Amplifier Module

Assembly, Exciter, 5W-50W

Translator (1301923; Appendix B)

The (A6) Power Amplifier Module

Assembly is made up of a Coupler Board

Assembly (1301949), an Amplifier

Control Board (1301962), a 1 Watt

Module Assembly (1302891), a TFS 40W

UHF Module (1206693) and a RF Module

Pallet, Philips (1300116).

The Power Amplifier Module contains

Broadband LDMOS amplifiers that cover

the entire UHF band with no tuning

required. They amplify the RF to the

10W to 50W output power level of the

translator.

The Power Amplifier of the

Translator/Exciter Driver is used to

amplify the RF output of the

Upconverter module. A cable, located on

the rear chassis, connects the RF output

from the LO/Upconverter at J23 to J24

the RF input to the PA Assembly. This

module contains RF monitoring circuitry

for both an analog and a digital system.

Control and monitoring lines to the

Power Amplifier module are routed

through the floating blind-mate

connector of the Control &

Monitoring/Power Supply module.

The 50 Watt Translator/Exciter Driver

Power Amplifier module and any

External Amplifier modules contain the

same control and monitoring board.

This board monitors RF output power,

RF reflected power, the current draw of

amplifier sections, the supply voltage,

and the temperature of the PA heat sink.

The RF power detector circuit outputs

vary with operating frequency. These

circuits must be calibrated at their

intended operating frequency. Front

panel adjustment potentiometers are

used to calibrate the following:

Table 1: Power Amplifier Calibration

Adjustments in Analog Systems

R201 Reflected Power Cal

R202 Visual / Forward Power Cal

R203 Aural Power Cal

R204 Visual Offset Zero

R205 Aural Null

In analog systems, the Aural power of

an Exciter Driver Power Amplifier and

the Aural power of any external

amplifier will not be reported by the

system Control Monitoring module.

Additionally the Visual power of these

amplifiers, is reported as Forward Power

just like in digital systems. In analog

systems, aural and visual power will only

be reported for the final system RF

output.

In digital systems, the Forward power of

an Exciter Driver Power Amplifier and

the Forward power of any external

amplifier, is reported by the system

Control Monitoring module.

If the Control Monitoring module is

monitoring a 5-50 Watt Translator,

system power is measured in the Power

Amplifier module. The wired

connections are transferred through the

power supply connector to the

backplane board on a five position

header. All four positions of control

board switch SW1 must be set on to

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-9

route these lines as the system's RF

power signals. In systems of output

power greater than 50 Watts, system

power is monitored by an external

module that is connected to TB31 and

control board SW1 switches must be set

off.

The Forward Power of the

Translator/Exciter Driver Power Amplifier

module is routed to the Upconverter

module as AGC #1. A system over-

drive condition is detected when this

value rises above 0.9 VDC. When an

over-drive condition is detected, the

Upconverter module reduces its RF

output level. For values less than 0.9

VDC, the Upconverter uses this voltage

for automatic gain.

Table 2-17. Power Amplifier Status Indicator

LED FUNCTION

ENABLED

(Green)

When lit Green, it indicates that the PA is in the Operate Mode. If a

Mute occurs, the PA will remain Enabled, until the input signal is

returned.

DC OK

(Green)

When lit Green, it indicates that the fuse protected DC inputs to the

PA module are OK.

TEMP

(GREEN)

When lit Green, it indicates that the temperature of the heatsink

assembly in the module is below 78ûC.

MOD OK

(Green)

When lit Green, it indicates that the PA Module is operating and has

no faults.

Table 2-18. Power Amplifier Control Adjustments

POTENTIOMETERS DESCRIPTION

RFL CAL Adjusts the gain of the Reflected Power monitoring circuit

VISUAL CAL Adjusts the gain of the Visual / Forward Power monitoring circuit

AURAL CAL Adjusts the gain of the Aural Power monitoring circuit

VISUAL ZERO Adjusts the offset of the Forward Power monitoring circuit

AURAL NULL Adjusts the offset of the Forward Power monitoring circuit based on

the Aural signal level..

Table 2-19. Power Amplifier Sample

DISPLAY FUNCTION

FWD SAMPLE RF sample of the amplified signal being sent out the module on J25.

2.1.6 RF Output Assemblies

Modulated IF from the Receiver Tray

connects to the rear of the Innovator LX

chassis assembly at J6, Modulated IF

Input. The power amplifiers RF output

jack is at a “N” connector J25, PA RF

Output.

The RF output of the PA module is

connected to a band-pass and trap filter

and then to an output coupler assembly.

The coupler assembly provides a forward

and a reflected power sample for test

purposes.

2.2 Control and Status

The control and status of the

exciter/amplifier Chassis assembly is

found by operating the front panel

display screens. Detailed information on

the use of the screens is found in chapter

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-10

2.2.1 Front Panel Display Screen

A 4 x 20 display located on the front of

the Control & Monitoring/Power Supply

Module is used in the Innovator LX

translator for control of the operation

and display of the operating parameters

of the translator.

2.3 System Operation

When the translator is in operate, as set

by the menu screen located on the

Control & Monitoring Module. The IF

Processor will be enabled, the mute

indicator on the front panel will be

extinguished. The +32 VDC stage of the

Power Supply in the Control & Monitoring

Module is enabled, the operate indicator

on the front panel is lit and the DC OK on

the front panel should also be green.

The enable and DC OK indicators on the

PA Module will also be turned to green.

When the translator is in standby. The IF

Processor will be disabled, the mute

indicator on the front panel will be red.

The +32 VDC stage of the Power Supply

in the Control & Monitoring Module is

disabled, the operate indicator on the

front panel will be extinguished and the

DC OK on the front panel should remain

green. The enable and indicator on the

PA Module is also extinguished.

If the translator does not switch to

Operate when the operate menu is

switched to Operate, check that all faults

are cleared and that the remote control

terminal block stand-by signal is not

active.

The translator can be controlled by the

presence of the modulated input signal.

If the input signal to the translator is lost,

the translator will automatically cutback

and the input fault indicator on the IF

Processor module will light. When the

video input signal returns, the translator

will automatically return to full power and

the input fault indicator will be

extinguished.

2.3.1 Principles of Operation

Operating Modes

This translator is either operating or in

standby mode. The sections below

discuss the characteristics of each of

these modes.

Operate Mode

Operate mode is the normal mode for

the translator when it is providing RF

power output. To provide RF power to

the output, the translator will not be in

mute. Mute is a special case of the

operate mode where the power supply's

+32 VDC section is enabled but there is

no RF output power, because of a fault

condition that causes the firmware to

hold the IF Processor module in a mute

state.

Operate Mode with Mute Condition

The translator will remain in operate

mode but will be placed in mute when

the following fault conditions exists in

the translator.

• Upconverter is unlocked

• Upconverter module is not present

• IF Processor module is not present

• Modulator (if present) is in

Aural/Visual Mute

Entering Operate Mode

Entering the operate mode can be

initiated a few different ways by the

translator control board. A list of the

actions that cause the operate mode to

be entered is given below:

• A low on the Remote Translator

Operate line.

• User selects "OPR" using switches

and menus of the front panel.

• Receipt of an “Operate CMD” over

the serial interface.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-11

There are several fault or interlock

conditions that may exist in the

translator that will prevent the translator

from entering the operate mode. These

conditions are:

• Power Amplifier heat sink

temperature greater than 78ûC.

• Translator is Muted due to conditions

listed above.

• Power Amplifier Interlock is high

indicating that the amplifier is not

installed.

Standby Mode

The standby mode in the translator

indicates that the translator’s output

amplifier is disabled.

Entering Standby Mode

Similar to the operate mode, the

standby mode is entered various

different ways. These are:

• A low on the Remote Translator

Stand-By line.

• Depressing the “STB” key on

selected front panel menus.

• Receipt of a “Standby CMD” over the

serial interface.

Operating Frequency

The Innovator LX translator controller is

designed to operate on UHF and VHF

frequencies. The exact output frequency

of the translator can be set to one of the

standard UHF or VHF frequencies, or it

can be set to a custom frequency using

software set-up menus. Since RF

performance of the translator requires

different hardware for different

frequency bands, not all frequency

configurations are valid for a specific

translator. Power detectors have

frequency dependency, therefore

detectors of power amplifiers are

calibrated at their frequency of use. The

detectors for System RF monitoring are

also calibrated at the desired frequency

of use.

Table 2-22: VHF Television Frequencies

BAND CH

# FREQUENCY BAND CH

# FREQUENCY

VHF LOW 02 54-60 MHz VHF HIGH 07 174-180 MHz

VHF LOW 03 60-66 MHz VHF HIGH 08 180-186 MHz

VHF LOW 04 66-72 MHz VHF HIGH 09 186-192 MHz

VHF LOW 05 76-82 MHz VHF HIGH 10 192-198 MHz

VHF LOW 06 82-88 MHz VHF HIGH 11 198-204 MHz

VHF HIGH 12 204-210 MHz

VHF HIGH 13 210-216 MHz

Table 2.23: UHF Television Frequencies

# FREQUENCY CH

# FREQUENCY

14 470-476 MHz 38 614-620 MHz 61 752-758 MHz

15 476-482 MHz 39 620-626 MHz 62 758-764 MHz

16 482-488 MHz 40 626-632 MHz 63 764-770 MHz

17 488-494 MHz 41 632-638 MHz 64 770-776 MHz

18 494-500 MHz 42 638-644 MHz 65 776-782 MHz

19 500-506 MHz 43 644-650 MHz 66 782-788 MHz

20 506-512 MHz 44 650-656 MHz 67 788-794 MHz

21 512-518 MHz 45 656-662 MHz 68 794-800 MHz

22 518-524 MHz 46 662-668 MHz 69 800-806 MHz

23 524-530 MHz 47 668-674 MHz 70 806-812 MHz

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-12

# FREQUENCY CH

# FREQUENCY

24 530-536 MHz 48 674-680 MHz 71 812-818 MHz

25 536-542 MHz 49 680-686 MHz 72 818-824 MHz

26 542-548 MHz 50 686-692 MHz 73 824-830 MHz

27 548-554 MHz 51 692-698 MHz 74 830-836 MHz

28 554-560 MHz 52 698-704 MHz 75 836-842 MHz

29 560-566 MHz 53 704-710 MHz 76 842-848 MHz

30 566-572 MHz 54 710-716 MHz 77 848-854 MHz

31 572-578 MHz 55 716-722 MHz 78 854-860 MHz

32 578-584 MHz 56 722-728 MHz 79 860-866 MHz

33 584-590 MHz 57 728-734 MHz 80 866-872 MHz

34 590-596 MHz 58 734-740 MHz 81 872-878 MHz

35 596-602 MHz 59 740-746 MHz 82 878-884 MHz

36 602-608 MHz 60 746-752 MHz 83 884-890 MHz

37 608-614 MHz

2.4 Customer Remote Connections

The remote monitoring and operation of

the translator is provided through jacks

TB30 and TB31 located on the rear of the

chassis assembly. If remote connections

are made to the translator, they must be

made through plugs TB30 and TB31 at

positions noted on the translator

interconnect drawing and Table 2-25.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-13

Table 2-25: Innovator LX Chassis Assembly Hard Wired Remote Interface Connections to

TB30 or TB31, 18 pos. Terminal Blocks Located on the Rear of the Assembly

Signal Name Pin

Designations Signal Type/Description

RMT Translator

State TB30-1 Discrete Open Collector Output - A low indicates that

the translator is in the operate mode.

RMT Translator

Interlock TB30-2

Discrete Open Collector Output - A low indicated the

translator is OK or completes a interlock daisy chain.

When the translator is not faulted, the interlock

circuit is completed.

RMT Translator

Interlock

Isolated Return

TB30-3

Ground - Configurable ground return which can be

either jumpered directly to ground or it can be the

“source” pin of an FET so that the translator

interlock can be daisy chained with other translators.

This signal does not directly interface to the

microcontroller.

RMT AUX IO 1 TB30-4

RMT AUX IO 2 TB30-5

Discrete Open Collector Inputs, Discrete Open Drain

Outputs, or 0 - 5 VDC Analog Input - When used as

an output, this line is pulled to +5 VDC with a 1.0

kΩ resistor for logic high and pulled to ground for a

low. A diode allows this line to be pulled up to 12

VDC. When used as a digital input, this line

considers all values over 2 Volts as high and those

under 1 volt as low. As an analog input, this line is

protected by a 5.1 zener diode.

RMT

Translator

Operate

TB30-6

Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to

ground on this line indicates that the translator is to

be placed into the operate mode.

RMT

Translator

Stand-By

TB30-7

Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to

ground on this line indicates that the translator is to

be placed into the standby mode.

RMT Power

Raise TB30-8

Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to

ground on this line indicates that the translator

power is to be raised.

RMT Power

Lower TB30-9

Discrete Open Collector Input - A pull down to

ground on this line indicates that the translator

power is to be lowered.

RMT

System Reflect

Power

TB30-10

Analog Output - 0 to 4.0 V- This is a buffered loop

through of the calibrated “System Reflected Power ”

and indicates the translator's reflected output power.

The scale factor is 25 % / 3.2V.

RMT System

Visual/Forward

Power

TB30-11

Analog Output - 0 to 4.0 V- This is a buffered loop

through of the calibrated “System Visual/Avg. Power

”. Indicates the translator's Visual / Average power.

Scale factor is 100 % / 3.2V.

RMT

System Aural

Power

TB30-12

Analog Output - 0 to 4.0 V- This is a buffered loop

through of the calibrated “System Aural Power ”.

Indicates the translator's forward Aural output

power. The scale factor is 100 % / 3.2V.

RMT Spare 1 TB30-13 Remote connection to spare module - Use is TBD.

RMT Spare 2 TB30-14 Remote connection to spare module - Use is TBD.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-14

Signal Name Pin

Designations Signal Type/Description

System Reflect

Power TB31-13

Analog Input - 0 to 1.00 V- This is the input of the

“System Reflected Power ” indicating the translator's

reflected output power. The scale factor is 25 % /

0.80V.

System Visual /

Forward Power TB31-14

Analog Input - 0 to 1.00 V- This is the input of the

“System Visual / Forward Power ” indicating the

translator's forward Visual / Forward output power.

The scale factor is 100 % / 0.80V.

System Aural

Power TB31-15

Analog Input - 0 to 1.00 V- This is the input of the

“System Aural Power ” indicating the translator's

forward Aural output power. The scale factor is 100

% / 0.80V.

IF Processor

IF Signal Select TB31-3

Discrete Open Collector Input - A low indicates that

the modulator IF source is to be used by the IF

Processor module. When floating an analog IP

Processor module may use the Modulated IF Input if

the IF Processor sled is so configured.

IF Processor

DLC Voltage TB31-4

Analog Output - 0 to 5.00 V- This is the input of IF

Processor module for digital system RF output power

control.

UC AGC #2

Voltage TB31-5

Auxiliary Analog Input - 0 to 1V- This voltage is used

by the Upconverter for gain control. Linear signal

with display resolution of 0.01 %. Primary signal

source is J34-1.

RMT Ground TB30-15, and

17 Ground pins available through Remote

RMT Ground TB31-1, 2, 6

to 12, and 17 Ground pins available through Remote

RMT +12 VDC TB30-16

TB31-16

+12 VDC available through Remote w/ 2 Amp

re-settable fuse

RMT -12 VDC TB30-18

TB31-18

-12 VDC available through Remote w/ 2 Amp

re-settable fuse

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 2, System Description &

Remote Control Connections

LX Series, Rev. 0 2-15

Table 2-26. Receiver Tray hard wired Remote Connections thru J3 a 15-pin,

D-Connector located on the rear of the tray

Signal Name Pin Designations Signal Type/Description

ALC Voltage

(+) J3-3 ALC Voltage output

ALC Voltage

(-) J3-4 ALC Voltage output ground return

J3 Remote

Connections

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-1

Chapter 3

Site Considerations, Installation and Setup Procedures

There are special considerations that

need to be taken into account before the

Innovator LX Series translator can be

installed. For example, if the installation

is completed during cool weather, a heat-

related problem may not surface for

many months, suddenly appearing during

the heat of summer. This section

provides planning information for the

installation and set up of the translator.

3.1 Site Considerations

The translator requires an AC input line

of 117 VAC @ 5 amps for the 10W

translator or 117 VAC @ 10 amps for the

100W Translator.

The Innovator LX Series Translators are

designed and built to provide long life

with a minimum of maintenance. The

environment in which they are placed is

important and certain precautions must

be taken. The three greatest dangers to

the translator are heat, dirt, and

moisture. Heat is usually the greatest

problem, followed by dirt, and then

moisture. Over-temperature can cause

heat-related problems such as thermal

runaway and component failure. Each

amplifier module in the translator

contains a thermal interlock protection

circuit that will shut down that module

until the temperature drops to an

acceptable level.

A suitable environment for the translator

can enhance the overall performance and

reliability of the translator and maximize

revenues by minimizing downtime. A

properly designed facility will have an

adequate supply of cool, clean air, free of

airborne particulates of any kind, and no

excessive humidity. An ideal environment

will require temperature in the range of

40° F to 70° F throughout the year,

reasonably low humidity, and a dust-free

room. It should be noted that this is

rarely if ever attainable in the real world.

However, the closer the environment is

to this design, the greater the operating

capacity of the translator.

The fans are designed and built into the

translator will remove the heat from

within the modules, but additional means

are required for removing this heat from

the building. To achieve this, a few issues

need to be resolved. The first step is to

determine the amount of heat to be

removed from the translator room. There

are generally three sources of heat that

must be considered. The first and most

obvious is the heat from the translator

itself. This amount can be determined for

a 100W translator by subtracting the

average power to the antenna (69.5

watts) from the AC input power (675

watts) and taking this number in watts

(605.5) and then multiplying it by 3.41.

This gives a result of 2,065, the BTUs to

be removed every hour. 12,000 BTUs per

hour equals one ton. Therefore, a 1/4-

ton air conditioner will cool a 100W

translator.

The second source of heat is other

equipment in the same room. This

number is calculated in the same way as

the equation for BTUs. The third source

of heat is equally obvious but not as

simple to calculate. This is the heat

coming through the walls, roof, and

windows on a hot summer day. Unless

the underside is exposed, the floor is

usually not a problem. Determining this

number is usually best left up to a

qualified HVAC technician. There are far

too many variables to even estimate this

number without reviewing the detailed

drawings of the site that show all of the

construction details. The sum of these

three sources is the bulk of the heat that

must be removed. There may be other

sources of heat, such as personnel, and

all should be taken into account.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-2

Now that the amount of heat that must

be removed is known, the next step is to

determine how to accomplish this. The

options are air conditioning, ventilation,

or a combination of the two. Air

conditioning is always the preferred

method and is the only way to create

anything close to an ideal environment.

Ventilation will work quite well if the

ambient air temperature is below 100° F,

or about 38° C, and the humidity is kept

at a reasonable level. In addition, the air

stream must be adequately filtered to

ensure that no airborne particulates of

any kind will be carried into the

translator. The combination of air

conditioning for summer and ventilation

during the cooler months is acceptable

when the proper cooling cannot be

obtained through the use of ventilation

alone and using air conditioning

throughout the year is not feasible.

Caution: The use of air conditioning

and ventilation simultaneously is not

recommended. This can cause

condensation in the translators.

The following precautions should be

observed regarding air conditioning

systems:

1. Air conditioners have an ARI

nominal cooling capacity rating. In

selecting an air conditioner, do not

assume that this number can be

equated to the requirements of

the site. Make certain that the

contractor uses the actual

conditions that are to be

maintained at the site in

determining the size of the air

conditioning unit. With the desired

conditioned room temperature

under 80° F, the unit must be

derated, possibly by a substantial

amount.

2. Do not have the air conditioner

blowing directly onto the

translator. Under certain

conditions, condensation may

occur on, or worse in, the

translator.

3. Do not separate the front of the

translator from the back with the

thought of air conditioning only

the front of the unit. Cooling air is

drawn in at the front of all

translators and in the front and

back of others. Any attempt to

separate the front of the translator

from the rear of the unit will

adversely affect the flow of cooling

air.

4. Interlocking the translator with the

air conditioner is recommended to

keep the translator from operating

without the necessary cooling.

5. The periodic cleaning of all filters

is a must.

When using ventilation alone, the

following general statements apply:

1. The blower, with attendant filters,

should be on the inlet, thereby

pressurizing the room and

preventing dirt from entering the

translator.

2. The inlet and outlet vents should

be on the same side of the

building, preferably the leeward

side. As a result, the pressure

differential created by wind will be

minimized. Only the outlet vent

may be released through the roof.

3. The inlet and outlet vents should

be screened with 1/8-inch

hardware cloth (preferred) or

galvanized hardware cloth

(acceptable).

4. Cooling air should enter the room

as low as practical but in no case

higher than four feet above the

floor. The inlet must be located

where dirt, leaves, snow, etc., will

not be carried in with the cooling

air.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-3

5. The exhaust should be located as

high as possible. Some ducting is

usually required to insure the

complete flushing of heated air

with no stagnant areas.

6. The filter area must be large

enough to insure a maximum air

velocity of 300 feet per minute

through the filter. This is not a

conservative number but a never-

exceed number. In a dusty or

remote location, this number

should be reduced to 150 CFM.

7. The inlet and outlet(s) must have

automatic dampers that close any

time the ventilation blower is off.

8. In those cases in which translators

are regularly off for a portion of

each day, a temperature-

differential sensor that controls a

small heater must be installed.

This sensor will monitor inside and

outside temperatures

simultaneously. If the inside

temperature falls to within 5° F of

the outside temperature, the

heater will come on. This will

prevent condensation when the

ventilation blower comes on and

should be used even in the

summer.

9. A controlled-air bypass system

must be installed to prevent the

temperature in the room from

falling below 40° F during

translator operation.

10. The blower should have two

speeds, which are thermostatically

controlled, and be interlocked with

the translator.

11. The blower on high speed must be

capable of moving the required

volume of air into a half inch of

water pressure at the required

elevation. The free air delivery

method must not be used.

12. Regular maintenance of the filters,

if used, can not be

overemphasized.

13. Above 4000 feet, for external

venting, the air vent on the

cabinet top must be increased to

an 8-inch diameter for a 1-kW

translator and to a 10-inch

diameter for 5-kW and 6-kW

translators. An equivalent

rectangular duct may be used but,

in all cases, the outlet must be

increased by 50% through the

outlet screen.

14. It is recommended that a site plan

be submitted to Axcera for

comments before installation

begins.

In calculating the blower requirements,

filter size, and exhaust size, if the total

load is known in watts, 2000 CFM into ½

inch of water will be required for each

5000 watts. If the load is known in BTUs,

2000 CFM into ½ inch of water will be

required for each 17,000 BTUs. The inlet

filter must be a minimum of seven

square feet, larger for dusty and remote

locations, for each 5000 watts or 17,000

BTUs. The exhaust must be at least four

square feet at the exhaust screen for

each 5000 watts or 17,000 BTUs.

The information presented in this section

is intended to serve only as a general

guide and may need to be modified for

unusually severe conditions. A

combination of air conditioning and

ventilation should not be difficult to

design (see Figure 3-1).

System interlocking and thermostat

settings should be reviewed with Axcera.

As with any equipment installation, it is

always good practice to consult the

manufacturer when questions arise.

Axcera can be contacted at (724) 873-

8100

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-4

Figure 3-1. 1 kW Minimum Ventilation Configuration

3.2 Unpacking the Chassis

w/modules, receiver tray, trap filter

and band-pass filter assembly

Thoroughly inspect the chassis with

modules and all other materials upon

their arrival. Axcera certifies that upon

leaving our facility the equipment was

undamaged and in proper working order.

The shipping containers should be

inspected for obvious damage that

indicates rough handling.

Remove the chassis and modules, along

with the receiver tray, the trap filter and

band-pass filter, from the crates and

boxes.

Check for dents and scratches or broken

connectors, switches, display, or

connectors. Any claims against in-transit

damage should be directed to the carrier.

Inform Axcera as to the extent of any

damage as soon as possible.

The modules are mounted to the chassis

assembly with slides that are on the top

and the bottom of the modules. There

are two thumb screws on the front panel

that hold each of the modules in place.

The receiver tray is mounted in the cabinet

using Chassis Trak cabinet slides. The tray

slides are on the side of the tray. Inspect

the tray for any loose hardware or

connectors, tightening where needed

3.3 Installing the Chassis w/modules,

receiver tray, trap filter and band-

pass filter assembly

The chassis assembly and receiver tray are

made to mount in a standard 19” rack. The

chassis assembly mounts using the four

#10 clearance mounting holes on the ends.

The chassis should be positioned; to

provide adequate air intake into the front

and the air exhaust of the fan in the rear;

the ability to slide the modules out for

replacement purposes; the installation of

the trap filter; the band-pass filter

assembly; and output transmission line.

The chassis or cabinet in which it is

mounted should be grounded using copper

strapping material.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-5

Normally, the receiver tray mounts below

the Chassis assembly using Chassis Trak

cabinet slides. The Side Rails are pre-

mounted on the sides of the Tray. Install

the Tray slides found in the Installation

Material into the left and right side of the

standard 19" Cabinet. Refer to the

"Cabinet Mounting Instructions For Tray

Slides" drawing below. Check that the

Tray Slides are mounted in line with each

other. Secure the slides by connecting

them to the front and rear mounting bars

using the No. 10 bolts and bar nuts

provided. Insert the Tray onto the Tray

Slides and slide the Tray into the cabinet.

Slowly slide the Tray in and out to verify

that it does not rub against the Chassis

assembly and has no restriction to free

movement. Adjustment to the position of

the Tray may be necessary, and is

accomplished by loosening the cabinet

slide mounting bolts that hold the front of

the slide to the mounting frame of the

Cabinet and moving the Tray up or down

as needed to correct for the rubbing.

Retighten after adjusting.

Figure 3-2. Tray Slides Cabinet Mounting Diagram

NOTE: To pull out the power amplifier

module for replacement purposes, the

input and output coaxial cables must first

be removed from the rear of the chassis

assembly.

Connect the digital mask filter and

coupler assembly to the output of the

chassis assembly.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-6

Figure 3-3. Front and Rear View Reconnection Drawing

Connect the transmission line for the

antenna system to the band-pass filter

output.

3.4 AC Input

The Exciter/Amplifier chassis assembly

needs to be plugged into an AC outlet

of 115 or 230 VAC, as set at the

factory. Current requirements are 5

amps for 10W translators and 10 amps

50W translators, in order to operate.

The Receiver Tray requires an AC outlet

of 115 VAC or 230 VAC. The AC can be

set for the Receiver Tray as follows.

FOR 115 VAC – Verify that 115 volts

is indicated on the rear panel cover of

the power entry module. If not, gently

open the cover, remove the fuse

assembly, and reinsert the assembly so

that 115 volts is visible with the cover

closed.

FOR 230 VAC – Verify that 230 volts

is indicated on the rear panel cover of

the power entry module. If not, gently

open the cover, remove the fuse

assembly, and reinsert the assembly so

that 230 volts is visible with the cover

closed.

When the AC power cord for the

exciter/amplifier chassis is plugged in,

the AC is always connected to the

translator. There is an On/off circuit

breaker located on the rear of the

Receiver Tray that needs to be

switched on to apply the AC to the rest

of the Tray.

This completes the unpacking and

installation of the Innovator LX Series

UHF television translator. Refer to the

setup and operation procedures that

follow before applying power to the

translator.

3.5 Setup and Operation

Initially, the translator should be turned

on with the RF output at the coupler

assembly terminated into a dummy

load of 10W or 100W depending on the

power rating of the translator. If a load

is not available, check that the output

of the coupler assembly is connected to

the antenna for your system.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-7

3.5.1 Input Connections

The input connections to the translator

are to the rear of the Receiver Tray and

to the rear of the Chassis Assembly for

the translator.

Refer to the tables and description that

follows for detailed information.

Figure 3-4: Rear View of Innovator LX Series Driver/Translator

Table 3-1: Rear Chassis Connections for the Receiver Tray.

Port TYPE Function Ohm

J1 N RF Input 50

J2 IEC AC Input N/A

J3 15-pin D Remote Connections N/A

J4 BNC IF Output 50

Table 3-2: Rear Chassis Connections for the Innovator LX Series Driver/Translator.

Port Type Function Ohm

J1 IEC AC Input N/A

TB02 Term Base Band Audio Input 600

J3 BNC Composite Audio Input 75

J4 BNC SAP / PRO Audio Input 50

J5 BNC CW IF Input 50

J6 BNC Modulated IF Input 50

J7 BNC Video Input (Isolated) 75

J8 BNC Visual IF Loop-Thru Output 50

J9 BNC Aural IF Loop-Thru Output 50

J10 BNC 10 MHz Reference Input 50

J11 BNC 10 MHz Reference Output 50

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-8

Port Type Function Ohm

J17 BNC Video Loop-Thru (Isolated) 75

J18 BNC Visual IF Loop-Thru Input 50

J19 BNC Aural IF Loop-Thru Input 50

J23 BNC Upconverter RF Output 50

J24 BNC Power Amplifier RF Input 50

J25 N Power Amplifier RF Output 50

TB30 Term Remote Control & Monitoring

TB31 Term Remote Control & Monitoring

J32 RJ-45 SCADA (Input / Loop-Thru) CAT5

J33 RJ-45 SCADA (Input / Loop-Thru) CAT5

J34 RJ-45 System RS-485 Serial CAT5

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-9

3.5.2 Front Panel Screens for the

Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly

A 4 x 20 display located on the front of

the Control & Monitoring/Power Supply

Module is used in the Innovator LX

translator for control of the operation

and display of the operating parameters

of the translator. Below are the display

screens for the system. The ↑ and ↓

characters are special characters used to

navigate up or down through the menu

screens. Display text flashes on discrete

fault conditions for all screens that

display a fault condition.

When the translator is in operate mode,

the STB menu appears. When the

translator is in standby mode, the OPR

menu appears.

Display Menu Screens for the Innovator LX Series Translator

Table 3-3: Menu 01 - Splash Screen #1

A X C

E R

1 0 3 F R E E D

R I V

L A WR

E N C

E , P A . 1 5 0 5 5

( 7 2 4 ) 8 7 3 - 8 1 0 0

This is the first of the two translator splash screens that is shown for the first few

seconds after reset.

Table 3-4: Menu 02- Splash Screen #2

I N

L U

1 0 0 0 A

E V

E R

I O

1 . 0

F I R

E 1 3 0 2 1 6 4

E S

This is the second of the two translator splash screens

Table 3-5: Menu 10 - Main Screen

F O

P WR

1 0 0

E F L E C

T E D

P WR

1 . 0

↑ ↓ S

T B

This is the default main screen of the translator. When the translator is in operate, the

'STB' characters appear allowing an operator to place the translator in stand-by. When

the translator is in standby the 'STB' characters are replaced with 'OPR' and an operator

can place the translator into operate by pressing the right most switch on the front panel

display. If the ↓ key is activated the system changes to Menu 11. If the ↑ key is

activated the system displays to Menu 13.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-10

Table 3-6: Menu 11 - Error List Access Screen

Y S

T E M

E R

L I S

T D

I S

P L A

↑ ↓ E N

T S

T B

This screen of the translator shows the current number of errors and provides operator

access to view the error list. This is the entry point to Menu 20. If the ↓ key is activated

the system changes to Menu 12. If the ↑ key is activated the system returns to Menu 10.

Table 3-7: Menu 12 - Translator Device Data Access Screen

T R

I T T E R

E T A

I L S

↑ ↓ E N

T S

T B

This screen of the translator allows access to various parameters of the translator

system. This is the entry point to Menu 30. If the ↓ key is activated the system changes

to Menu 13. If the ↑ key is activated the system returns to Menu 11.

Table 3-8: Menu 13 - Translator Configuration Access Screen

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

↑ ↓ E N

T S

T B

This screen of the translator allows access to various software setting of the translator

system. This is the entry point to Menu 40. If the ↓ key is activated the system returns

to Menu 10. If the ↑ key is activated the system returns to Menu 12.

Table 3-9: Menu 20 - Error List Display Screen

Y S

T E M

E R

1 / 6

P C

E R

T E R

L E

I N

T E R

L O

F A

L T

↑ ↓ C

L R

E S

This screen of the translator allows access to system faults. Fault logging is stored in

non-volatile memory. The translator's operating state can not be changed in this screen.

The 'CLR' switch is used to clear previously detected faults that are no longer active. The

↑ key and ↓ key allow an operator to scroll through the list. The ESC switch is used to

leave this screen.

Table 3-10: Menu 30 - Translator Device Details Screen

Y S

T E M

E T A

I L S

T R

I N

P E R

T E M

P O

WE R

P P L Y : O

↑ ↓ ← → E S

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-11

This screen of the translator allows access to translator parameters of installed devices.

The system must be configured for the translator to know which devices are expected to

be present. Current values for all installed devices are shown. If a module is not

installed, only a "MODULE NOT PRESENT" message will be presented. The ↑ and ↓ arrows

scroll through the different parameters of each device.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-12

Table 3-11: Translator Device Parameters

System Component Parameter Normal Faulted (Blinking)

PLL CIRCUIT LOCKED UNLOCKED

OUTPUT LEVEL 0 - 200 IRE N/A

AURAL DEVIATION 0 - 125 kHz N/A

CW INPUT PRESENT NOT USED

Modulator

(Analog Systems) STATION ID SEND soft key N/A

INPUT STATE OK FAULT

MODULATION OK FAULT

IF INPUT MODULATOR or J6 N/A

ALC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A

ALC MODE AUTO or MANUAL N/A

IF Processor

(Analog Systems) DLC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A

ALC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A

ALC MODE AUTO or MANUAL N/A IF Processor

(Digital Systems) DLC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A

PLL CIRCUIT LOCKED FAULT

AFC LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A

AGC 1 LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A

AGC 2 LEVEL 0 - 5.00 V N/A

EX. 10 MHz PRESENT or NOT

USED N/A

LO / Upconverter LO FREQ xxx.xxx MHz N/A

AMP STATE ENABLED or

DISABLED N/A

SUPPLY VOLTAGE OK or OFF FAULT

VISUAL POWER xxx% xxx%

AURAL POWER xxx% xxx%

REFLECTED POWER xxx% xxx%

AMP CURRENT 1 xx.xA xx.xA

AMP CURRENT 2 xx.xA xx.xA

AMP TEMPERATURE xxC xxC

Power Amp

(In Analog

Systems) CODE VERSION x.x N/A

AMP STATE ENABLED or

DISABLED N/A

SUPPLY VOLTAGE OK or OFF FAULT

FORWARD POWER xxx% xxx%

REFLECTED POWER xxx% xxx%

AMP CURRENT 1 xx.xA xx.xA

AMP CURRENT 2 xx.xA xx.xA

AMP TEMPERATURE xxC xxC

Power Amp

(In Digital Systems) CODE VERSION x.x N/A

AMP STATE ENABLED or

DISABLED N/A

SUPPLY VOLTAGE OK or OFF FAULT

FORWARD POWER xxx% xxx%

REFLECTED POWER xxx% xxx%

AMP CURRENT 1 xx.xA xx.xA

Ext. Power Supply

Tray x Mod y

AMP CURRENT 2 xx.xA xx.xA

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-13

System Component Parameter Normal Faulted (Blinking)

AMP CURRENT 3 xx.xA xx.xA

AMP TEMPERATURE xxC xxC

CODE VERSION x.x N/A

Table 3-12: Menu 40 - Translator Set-up: Power Raise/Lower Screen

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 1 P O

WE R

I S

E / L O

WE R

E T T I N

1 0 0

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

This screen of the translator is the first of several that allows access to translator set-up

parameters. When + is selected, the Power will increase. When - is selected, the Power

will decrease..

Table 3-13: Menu 40-1 - Translator Set-up: Model Select Screen

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 2 T R

I T T E R

E L

E R

L U

0 1 0 0 A

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

This screen is used to specify which components are expected to be part of the system.

By specifying the model number, the translator control firmware knows which

components should be installed and it will be able to display faults for components that

are not properly responding to system commands.

Table 3-14: Menu 40-2 - Translator Set-up: Frequency Select Screen

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 2

F R

E Q

E N

Y S

E L E C

T A

L E O

T O

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

This screen of the translator is allows access to translator frequency set-up parameters.

The choices of this screen are 'TABLE' or 'CUSTOM'. When table is selected, the next

menu will be used to select the desired operating frequency. When custom is selected,

the next menu is used to select a specific operating frequency.

Table 3-15: Menu 40-3 - Translator Set-up: Frequency Table Select Screen

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 3 F R

E Q

E N

Y S

E L E C

2 0 5 0 6 - 5 1 2 M

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

The choices of this screen are from the standard UHF / VHF tables. + and - change the

desired value of the translator. Any change to frequency is immediately set to the LO /

Upconverter Frequency Synthesizer PLL circuit.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-14

Table 3-16: Menu 40-4 - Translator Set-up: IF Frequency Screen

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 3 I F F R

E Q

E N

I N

P U

T 4 5 . 7 5 M

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

This screen is used to specify the IF Input frequency. This value plus the desired channel

value is used to calculated the desired LO frequency. + is used to increase the selected

value from 0 to 9. The > key is used to select from each of the different fields that make

up the desired frequency. Any change to frequency is immediately set to the LO /

Upconverter Frequency Synthesizer PLL circuit.

Table 3-17: Menu 40-5 - Translator Set-up: Custom Frequency Select Screen

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 3 F R

E Q

E N

Y S

E L E C

0 5 0 7 . 2 5 0

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

This screen is used to specify the operating frequency to an exact value. + is used to

increase the selected value from 0 to 9. The > key is used to select from each of the

different fields that make up the desired frequency. Any change to frequency is

immediately set to the LO / Upconverter Frequency Synthesizer PLL circuit.

Table 3-18: Menu 40-6 - Translator Set-up: Serial Address Screen

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 4 S

E R

I A

L A

E S

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

This screen allows the user to set the serial address of the translator. The default

address is 5. This value and all other set-up parameters, are stored in non-volatile

memory.

Table 3-19: Menu 40-7 - Translator Set-up: System Forward Power Calibration

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 6 S

Y S

T E M

L I B

T E

F O

P WR

1 0 0

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

This screen is used to adjust the calibration of the system's forward power. A symbol

placed under the '6' character is used to show minor changes in the calibration value.

When the calibration value is at full value, the character will be full black. As the value

decreases, the character pixels are gradually turned off.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-15

Table 3-20: Menu 40-8 - Translator Set-up: System Aural Power Calibration

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 6

Y S

T E M

L I B

T E

L P WR

1 0 0

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

In analog systems, this screen is used to adjust the calibration of the system's aural

forward power.

Table 3-21: Menu 40-9 - Translator Set-up: System Reflected Power Calibration

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 6 S

Y S

T E M

L I B

T E

E F L E C

T P WR

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

This screen is used to adjust the calibration of the system's reflected power.

Table 3-22: Menu 40-10 - Translator Set-up: Forward Power Fault Threshold Screen

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 7 M

I N

I M

F O

P O

WE R

F A

L T 5 0

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

This screen is used to set the minimum forward power fault threshold. When the

translator is operating, it must operate above this value otherwise the system will shut

down with fault for 5 minutes. If after five minutes the fault is not fixed, the translator

will enable, measure power less than this value and again shut down for five minutes.

Table 3-23: Menu 40-11 - Translator Set-up: Reflected Power Fault Threshold

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 8 M

I M

E F L E C

T E

P O

WE R

F A

L T 1 0

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

This screen is used to set the maximum reflected power fault threshold. When the

translator is operating, it must not operate above this value otherwise the system will

shut down with fault for 5 minutes. If after five minutes the fault is not fixed, the

translator will enable, measure power above this value and again shut down for five

minutes.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 3, Site Considerations,

Installation and Setup Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 3-16

Table 3-24: Menu 40-12 - Translator Set-up: Remote Commands Control

T R

I T T E R

E T - U

0 9 R

E M

T E C

T R

E P T E D

↑ ↓ ( +

) E S

( - )

This screen is used to allow or deny the use of remote control commands. When

disabled, remote commands are not used. Remote commands are commands received

either through the rear terminal blocks or through serial messages.

This completes the description of the

screens for the Innovator LX Series

exciter/amplifier chassis assembly.

If the translator is already connected to

the antenna, check that the output is

100%. If necessary, adjust the amplifier

power detection circuitry or LO /

Upconverter AGC settings. The power

raise / lower settings are only to be used

for temporary reductions in power. The

power set-back values do not directly

correspond to the power of the

translator. Setting for 50% output sets a

linear circuit voltage which is controlling

a non-linear power circuit.

If a problem occurred during the setup

and operation procedures, refer to

Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment

Procedures, of this manual for more

information.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-1

Chapter 4

Circuit Descriptions

4.1 (A1) UHF/VHF Receiver Tray

(1265-1100)

The UHF/VHF Receiver Tray w/(Optional)

Frequency Correction selects the desired

UHF or VHF On Channel Input Signal and

converts it to a Combined IF Signal of

45.75 MHz Visual + 41.25 MHz Aural.

The Tray also has provisions for a

Frequency Correction Option that

consists of a VCXO Channel Oscillator

Assembly with a PLL Circuit which

maintains an exact IF Output Frequency,

over the capture range of the PLL circuit,

even if the Input UHF or VHF Frequency

may vary.

RF Signal Path

4.1.1 (A7) 50 Filter, DC

Multiplexed, UHF (1035-1204), VHF

L.B. (1035-1902) or VHF H.B. (2065-

1024) or 75, UHF (1035-1207),

VHF L.B. (1035-1903) or VHF H.B.

(2065-1023)

The RF Input to the Tray, (-61 dBm to -

16 dBm in Level), is fed through J1 for

50Ω to (A7) the input 50Ω Filter, DC

Multiplexed (1035-1204 UHF, 1035-1902

VHF LB or 2065-1024 VHF HB) or

through J5 for 75Ω to (A7) the 75Ω input

Filter, DC Multiplexed (1035-1207 UHF,

1035-1903 VHF LB or 2065-1023 VHF

HB), which is of a double tuned design

that is adjusted to the desired Input UHF

or VHF Channel Frequency. Note: If the

input signal is greater than -25dBm, an

attenuator should be used to limit the

level to -25dBm. +12 VDC, for use by an

(Optional) external Preamplifier

Assembly, connects to the filter through

F1 a 1 Amp Fuse. This +12 VDC is DC

Multiplexed onto the input signal cable

from the Preamplifier. DS1 a Red LED

located on TB1 in the Tray will be lit if the

+12 VDC is present on the input cable.

If a Preamplifier is not used, F1 should be

removed and DS1 should not be lit.

4.1.2 (A8) Dual Stage Amplifier

Assembly (1227-1503)

The signal is next amplified +12 dB to

approximately the -49 to -4 dBm level by a

low noise amplifier located on (A8-A1) the

Dual Stage Amplifier Board (1227-1501)

that is contained in (A8) the Dual Stage

Amplifier Assembly (1227-1503). The

board has approximately +13 dB or +26

dB of gain, depending on whether Jumper

W1 on J5 is in place. The amplified output

connects out of the board at J2.

4.1.3 (A9) Channel Filter, UHF (1007-

1101), VHF L.B. (1034-1202) or VHF

H.B. (2065-1000)

The signal is then filtered in (A9) a Channel

Filter (1007-1101 UHF, 1034-1202 VHF LB

or 2065-1000 VHF HB) and then applied

back to (A8-A1) the Dual Stage Board at

J3.

More amplification of the signal takes place

on the Dual Stage Board, if needed.

Jumper W1 on J7 should be removed if the

Receiver Input level is greater than -

40dBm.

4.1.4 (A10) Downconverter Amplifier

Assembly, 45.75 MHz. (1227-1505)

The output is connected to (A10) the

Downconverter Amplifier Assembly (1227-

1505) that contains (A10-A1) the

Downconverter Amplifier Board (1227-

1502). The RF, at the -47 dBm to -2 dBm

Level, connects to the "R" Input Jack of the

Mixer Z1 located on the Downconverter

Amplifier Board.

Local Oscillator Signal Path

The Local Oscillator Signal is derived from

a cut to channel crystal mounted in an

oven that is factory set at 45° C. The

Oscillator operates at 1/8 for UHF, 1/4 for

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-2

VHF High Band or 1/2 for VHF Low Band

of the desired local oscillator frequency.

4.1.5 (A4) Channel Oscillator

Assembly (1145-1202)

The crystal is mounted on (A4-A1) the

Channel Oscillator Board, Dual Oven

(1145-1201), that is part of the Channel

Oscillator Assembly (1145-1202). The

oscillator circuitry is a modified Colpitts

design operating in a separate oven set

at 50° C. for improved stability. If the

Frequency Correction Option is

purchased, the VCXO Channel Oscillator

Assembly (1145-1206), which contains

the VCXO Channel Oscillator Board

(1145-1204), is used in place of the

standard Channel Oscillator Assembly,

and an AFC voltage from the PLL circuit

maintains the frequency of the VCXO.

4.1.6 (A5-A1) x8 Multiplier Board

(1227-1002), x2 Multiplier Board

(1227-1524) or x4 Multiplier Board

(1227-1525)

The output of the Channel Oscillator is

connected to the (A5-A1) the x8

Multiplier Board (1227-1002) for UHF,

the x4 Multiplier Board (1227-1525) for

VHF HB or the x2 Multiplier Board

(1227-1524) for VHF LB, which is located

in (A5) the Multiplier Enclosure (1265-

1125). The proper multiplier board takes

the output of the Channel Oscillator (+3

dBm) and multiplies it eight, four or two

times by a series of three, two or one x2

Broadband Doublers (2x2x2 = x8), which

produces the L.O. signal on the desired

frequency needed for the upconversion

process. The signal is then amplified to

the +16 dBm level. A sample of the

multiplied L.O. Signal is fed to a detector

circuit which lights the Green LED DS1

that indicates that the L.O. is present at

the Output Jack J2 of the Multiplier

Board. This Green LED is seen through a

hole the lid of the Multiplier Assembly

and is an indication, when lit, that there

is a signal present at the output of the

Multiplier Board.

4.1.7 (A6) L.O. Filter, UHF (1007-

1101), VHF L.B. (1034-1211) or VHF

H.B. (2065-1000)

The L.O. signal is filtered in (A6) a L.O.

Filter 1007-1101 UHF, 2065-1000 VHF HB

or 1034-1211 VHF LB) and then sent (+15

dBm) to J2 on (A10-A1) the

Downconverter Amplifier Board.

The L.O. Input to the Downconverter

Amplifier Board is connected thru a 3 dB

matching pad to the "L" Input of the Mixer

(Z1) at a +12 dBm level.

Combined IF Signal Path

The L.O. and the RF signals are mixed in

the Mixer Stage of the Downconverter

Amplifier Board to produce the desired IF

difference frequency at -55 dBm to -10

dBm in level, depending on the RF Input

Level.

4.1.8 (A11-A1) IF Filter/ALC Board

(1227-1504)

The Combined IF Signal is routed to (A11-

A1) the IF Filter/ALC Board (1227-1504),

which is mounted in (A11) the IF Filter/ALC

Enclosure (1265-1105). The IF Filter/ALC

Board contains a Pin Diode Attenuator

circuit which is part of the Automatic Level

Control (ALC) that controls the level of the

IF Signal to the two stage amplifier ICs U1

and U2.

4.1.9 (A11-A2) (Optional) SAW

Filter/Amplifier Board (1035-1211)

The (Optional) (A11-A2) SAW

Filter/Amplifier Board (1035-1211) is also

contained in the IF Filter/ALC Enclosure.

The SAW Filter/Amplifier Board connects to

J5 and J6 of the IF Filter/ALC Board if more

attenuation of the Out Of Band products is

needed. If the SAW Filter/Amplifier Board

is not needed, a jumper connects the

Combined IF from J5 to J6 on the IF

Filter/ALC Board.

The Combined IF is then bandpass filtered

to the needed 6 MHz IF bandwidth around

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-3

the 41.25 MHz + 45.75 MHz Combined IF

signal and amplified by U3 to the -41

dBm to +4 dBm Level before it is split.

One output is detected by U4 for use as

the ALC reference level to the Pin Diode

Attenuator Circuit. The ALC comparator

drives the Pin Diode Attenuator Circuit to

maintain the desired output level,

typically +2 dBm. The other split output

connects to J2 the Combined IF Output of

the board that is cabled to the IF Output

Jack of the Tray at J4 (+2 dBm).

Frequency Correction Option

If the Frequency Correction Option

(1227-1528) is purchased, (A13) the IF

Filter/Limiter Board (1109-1001), (A14)

the IF PLL Board (1109-1002), the (A15)

IF Carrier Oven Oscillator Board (1100-

1206), (A4) the VCXO Channel Oscillator

Assembly (1145-1206) and (A16) an IF

Amplifier Board, High Gain (1197-1126)

are part of the System.

4.1.10 (A13) (Optional) IF Amplifier

Board (1197-1126)

A Sample of the amplified and ALC

controlled signal from the IF Filter/ALC

Board is directed to the IF Amplifier

Board, High Gain (1197-1126) where it is

amplified and connected to J2 on (A13)

the IF Filter/Limiter Board (1109-1001).

4.1.11 (A13) (Optional) IF

Filter/Limiter Board (1109-1001)

The IF is filtered by a SAW Filter, which

passes Visual Carrier and Aural Carrier

only, and amplified before it is split. The

Aural IF Output is not used in this Tray.

The other output of the splitter is

amplified and applied to a Notch Filter.

The Notch Filter is tuned to the Aural

Frequency by C17 and R10 which

reduces or eliminates the Aural IF from

the Visual IF signal. The Visual IF Only

signal then connects to a video detector

circuit which in conjunction with U5 strips

the video from the Visual IF signal. The

IF CW Signal is amplified and buffered

before it is connected to the output of the

board at J6. The IF CW connects to J2 of

(A14) the IF PLL Board (1109-1002).

4.1.12 (A14) (Optional) IF PLL Board

(1109-1002)

The IF CW Signal (+3 dBm) on the IF PLL

Board is wired to U1 a Divider IC which, in

conjunction with U2, sets up one of the

reference signals to the comparator circuit.

The other reference signal is derived from

the 50 kHz reference Input at J4 which is a

divided down 50 kHz sample of the 38.9

MHz signal generated on (A15) the IF

Carrier Oven Oscillator Board (1100-1206).

4.1.13 (A15) (Optional) IF Carrier

Oven Oscillator Board (1100-1206)

The 38.9 MHz IF Carrier Oven Oscillator

Board is used instead of the 45.75 MHz IF

Carrier Oven Oscillator Board to minimize

the interference between the generated

45.75 MHz IF and the signal generated on

the (A15) IF Carrier Oscillator Board. The

38.9 MHz signal itself is not used, just the

divided down 50 kHz reference of the 38.9

MHz Signal is used. The two reference

signals applied to the IF PLL Board are

compared by U2 and a difference voltage

(AFC) is produced. The difference voltage

(AFC), approximately -3 VDC, is fed from

J3 of the board to FL2 of (A4) the VCXO

Assembly. If the frequency of the VHF or

UHF Input to the Tray should drift, the ALC

voltage will change to increase or decrease

the output frequency of the VCXO

Assembly which increases or decreases the

L.O. Frequency that maintains the IF

Frequency at the standard 45.75 + 41.25

MHz Frequency. If the frequency of the

Input Signal should drift out of the capture

range of the PLL Circuit, DS1 the Red LED

Unlock Indicator, located on the IF PLL

Board, lights.

Voltages for Operation of the Tray

The AC input to the Tray is 117 VAC or 230

VAC and is directed thru Jack J2, of the

(A1) Power Entry Module (1265-1104), to

the step down Toroid (A2). The Power

Entry Module contains an On/Off Switch, a

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-4

4 Amp Slo-Blo Fuse and three MOVs

which protect the Tray from transients or

surges which may occur on the AC Input

Lines. When the On/Off Switch is

switched On, AC is applied to the (A2)

Toroid. The Toroid steps down the

voltage into two 16 VAC outputs which

are fed to (A3) the +12V(3A)/-12V Power

Supply Board (1092-1206).

4.1.14 (A3) +12V(3A)/-12V Power

Supply Board (1092-1206)

The 16 VAC Inputs are connected to the

two full wave bridge networks one for

+12 VDC and one for -12 VDC. The

output of the +12 VDC rectifier is fed to

three 7812 IC regulators (U1, U2 and

U3) and the output of the -12 VDC

rectifier is fed to one 7912 IC regulator

(U4). The ±12V Power Supply Board

provides the voltage regulated and

current limited +12 VDC and -12 VDC to

the rest of the boards in the Tray.

+12VDC for External Preamplifier

+12 VDC is also applied through a 1 Amp

Fuse F1 to (A7) the input DC Multiplexed

UHF or VHF Filter. The +12 VDC is

multiplexed in the Filter onto the input

coaxial cable that connects from the

(Optional) Remote Preamplifier Unit to

the Receiver Tray. This supplies the

Preamplifier with the +12 VDC needed

for operation. The Red LED DS1

mounted on the Terminal Block TB1 will

be lit if the +12 VDC is applied to the

coaxial cable. Note: If the Red LED,

DS1, is lit, the +12 VDC may damage

Test Equipment that is connected to the

input of the Receiver Tray. If a

Preamplifier Assembly is not part of your

System, F1 should be removed, therefore

DS1 should not be lit and the +12 VDC is

not multiplexed onto the input coaxial

cable. A spare Fuse for F1 is supplied

and stored near the fuse holder for F1.

UHF Exciter

4.2 (A3) IF Processor Module

Assembly (1301938)

The IF from the Receiver Tray enters the

module and the signal is pre-corrected as

needed for amplitude linearity correction,

Incidental Carrier Phase Modulation

(ICPM) correction and frequency response

correction.

The IF Module contains the following

board.

4.2.1 IF Processor Board (1301977)

The automatic level control (ALC) portion

of the board provides the ALC and

amplitude linearity correction of the IF

signal. The ALC adjusts the level of the IF

signal that controls the output power of the

transmitter.

The IF from the Receiver Tray enters the

board at J1B pin 32B. If the (optional)

receiver tray is present, the IF input (0

dBm) from the Receiver Tray connects to

the modulated IF input jack J1C Pin 21C.

The modulated IF input connects to relay

K3 and the receiver IF input connects to

relay K4. The two relays are controlled by

the Modulator Select command that is

connected to J1C Pin 14C on the board.

Modulator select enable/disable jumper

W11 on J29 controls whether the

Modulator Select command at J1C Pin 14C

controls the operation of the relays. With

jumper W11 on J29 between pins 1 and 2,

the Modulator Select command at J1C Pin

14C controls the operation of the relays;

with jumper W11 on J29, pins 2 and 3, the

modulator is selected all of the time.

4.2.1.1 Modulator Selected

With the modulator selected, J1C-14C low,

this shuts off Q12 and causes Pin 8 on the

relays to go high that causes relays K3 and

K4 to de-energize. When K4 is de-

energized, it connects the receiver IF input

at J1C-21C, if present, to a 50Ù load.

When K3 is de-energized, it connects the

modulator IF input at J1B-32B to the rest

of the board; Modulator Enable LED DS5

will be illuminated.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-5

4.2.1.2 External Modulated IF Selected

With the External Modulated IF selected,

J1C-14C high, this turns on Q12 and

makes pin 8 on the relays low that

causes the relays K3 and K4 to

energized. When K4 is energized, it

connects the receiver IF input at J at J1C-

21C, if present, to the rest of the board.

When K3 is energized, it connects to the

modulator IF input at J1B-32B to a 50Ù

load. The Modulator Enable LED DS5 will

not be illuminated.

4.2.1.3 Main IF Signal Path (Part 1 of 3)

The selected IF input (-6 dBm average)

signal is split, with one half of the signal

entering a bandpass filter that consists of

L3, L4, C4, L5, and L6. This bandpass

filter can be tuned with C4 and is

substantially broader than the IF signal

bandwidth. It is used to slightly steer the

frequency response of the IF to make up

for any small discrepancies in the

frequency response in the stages that

precede this point. The filter also serves

the additional function of rejecting

unwanted frequencies that may occur if

the tray cover is off and the tray is in a

high RF environment. (If this is the case,

the transmitter will have to be serviced

with the tray cover off in spite of the

presence of other RF signals). The

filtered IF signal is fed through a pi-type

matching pad consisting of R2, R3, and

R4 to the pin-diode attenuator circuit

consisting of CR1, CR2, and CR3.

4.2.1.4 Input Level Detector Circuit

The other part of the split IF input is

connected through L2 and C44 to U7. U7

is an IC amplifier that is the input to the

input level detector circuit. The amplified

IF is fed to T4, which is a step-up

transformer that feeds diode detector

CR14. The positive-going detected signal

is then low-pass filtered by C49, L18, and

C50. This allows only the positive digital

peaks to be applied through emitter

follower Q1. The signal is then connected

to detector CR15 to produce a peak

digital voltage that is applied to op-amp

U9A. There is a test point at TP3 that

provides a voltage-reference check of the

input level. The detector serves the dual

function of providing a reference that

determines the input IF signal level to the

board and also serves as an input

threshold detector.

The input threshold detector prevents the

automatic level control from reducing the

attenuation of the pin-diode attenuator to

minimum, the maximum signal output, if

the IF input to the board is removed. The

ALC, input loss cutback, and the threshold

detector circuits will only operate when

jumper W2 on jack J5 is in the Enabled

position, between pins 2 and 3. Without

the threshold detector, and with the pin-

diode attenuator at minimum, the signal

will overdrive the stages following this

board when the input is restored.

As part of the threshold detector operation,

the minimum IF input level at TP3 is fed

through detector CR15 to op-amp IC U9A,

pin 2. The reference voltage for the op-

amp is determined by the voltage divider

that consists of R50 and R51, off the +12

VDC line. When the detected input signal

level at U9A, pin 2, falls below this

reference threshold, approximately 10 dB

below the normal input level, the output of

U9A at pin 1 goes high, toward the +12

VDC rail. This high is connected to the base

of Q2 that is forward biased and creates a

current path. This path runs from the -12

VDC line and through red LED DS1, the

input level fault indicator, which lights,

resistor R54, and transistor Q2 to +12

VDC. The high from U9A also connects

through diode CR16 and R52, to U24D pin

12, whose output at pin 14 goes high. The

high connects through the front panel

accessible ALC Gain pot R284 and the full

power set pot R252 to U24C Pin 9. This

high causes U24C pin 8 to go low. A power

raise/lower input from the

Control/Monitoring Module connects to

J42C pin 24C and is wired to Q14. This

input will increase or decrease the value of

the low applied to U24B and therefore

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-6

increase or decrease the power output of

the transmitter.

The low connects to U24B pin 5 whose

output goes low. The low is wired to

U24A pin2 whose output goes high. The

high is applied to U10A, pin 2, whose

output goes low. The low connects

through the switch SW1, if it is in the

auto gain position, to the pin-diode

attenuator circuit, CR1, CR2 & CR3. The

low reverse biases them and cuts back

the IF level, therefore the output level, to

0. When the input signal level increases

above the threshold level, the output

power will increase, as the input level

increases, until normal output power is

reached.

The digital input level at TP3 is also fed

to a pulse detector circuit, consisting of

IC U8, CR17, Q3, and associated

components, and then to a comparator

circuit made up of U9C and U9D. The

reference voltage for the comparators is

determined by a voltage divider

consisting of R243, R65, R66, and R130,

off the -12 VDC line. When the input

signal level to the detector at TP3 falls

below this reference threshold, which

acts as a loss-of-digital peak detector

circuit, the output of U9C and U9D goes

towards the -12 VDC rail and is split, with

one part biasing on transistor Q5. A

current path is then established from the

+12 VDC line through Q5, the resistors

R69 and R137, and the red LED DS3,

input loss indicator, which is illuminated.

When Q5 is on, it applies a high to the

gate of Q6. This causes it to conduct and

apply a modulation loss pull-down output

to J42C, pin 7C, which is applied to the

front panel display on the

Control/Monitor module.

The other low output of U9C and U9D is

connected through CR18, CR19 & CR20

to jack J5. Jumper W2 on J5, in the

Cutback Enable position, which is

between pins 2 and 3, connects the low

to the base of Q4 that is now forward-

biased. NOTE: If jumper W2 is in the

Disable position, between pins 1 and 2,

the auto cutback will not operate. With Q4

biased on, a negative level determined by

the setting of cutback level pot R71 is

applied to U24D, pin 12. The level is set at

the factory to cut back the output to

approximately 25%. The output of U24D at

pin 14 goes low and is applied through the

power adjust pot to U24C, pin 9, whose

output goes low.

The low connects to U24B, pin 5, whose

output goes low. The low then connects to

U24A, pin 2, whose output goes high. The

high is applied to U10A, pin 2, whose

output goes low. The low connects through

the switch SW1, if it is in the auto gain

position, to the to the pin-diode attenuator

circuit, CR1, CR2 & CR3. The low reverse

biases them and cuts back the level of the

output to approximately 25%.

4.2.1.5 Pin-Diode Attenuator Circuit

The input IF signal is fed to a pin-diode

attenuator circuit that consists of CR1, CR2

& CR3. Each of the pin diodes contains a

wide intrinsic region; this makes the diodes

function as voltage-variable resistors at

this intermediate frequency. The value of

the resistance is controlled by the DC bias

supplied to the diode. The pin diodes are

configured in a pi-type attenuator

configuration where CR1 is the first shunt

element, CR3 is the series element, and

CR2 is the second shunt element. The

control voltage, which can be measured at

TP1, originates either from the ALC circuit

when the switch SW1 is in the ALC Auto

position, between pins 2 and 3, or from pot

R87 when SW1 is in the Manual Gain

position, between pins 1 and 2.

In the pin diode attenuator circuit,

changing the amount of current through

the diodes by forward biasing them

changes the IF output level of the board.

There are two extremes of attenuation

ranges for the pin-diode attenuators. In

the minimum attenuation case, the

voltage, measured at TP1, approaches the

+12 VDC line. There is a current path

created through R6, through series diode

CR3, and finally through R9 to ground. This

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-7

path forward biases CR3 and causes it to

act as a relatively low-value resistor. In

addition, the larger current flow increases

the voltage drop across R9 that tends to

turn off diodes CR1 and CR2 and causes

them to act as high-value resistors. In

this case, the shunt elements act as a

high resistance and the series element

acts as a low resistance to represent the

minimum loss condition of the attenuator

(maximum signal output). The other

extreme case occurs as the voltage at

TP1 is reduced and goes towards ground

or even slightly negative. This tends to

turn off (reverse bias) diode CR3, the

series element, causing it to act as a

high-value resistor. An existing fixed

current path from the +12 VDC line, and

through R5, CR1, CR2, and R9, biases

series element CR3 off and shunt

elements, diodes CR1 and CR2, on,

causing them to act as relatively low-

value resistors. This represents the

maximum attenuation case of the pin

attenuator (minimum signal output). By

controlling the value of the voltage

applied to the pin diodes, the IF signal

level is maintained at the set level.

4.2.1.6 Main IF Signal Path (Part 2 of 3)

When the IF signal passes out of the pin-

diode attenuator through C11, it is

applied to modular amplifier U1. This

device contains the biasing and

impedance-matching circuits that makes

it operate as a wide-band IF amplifier.

The output of U1 connects to J40 that is

jumpered to J41. The J40 jack is

available, as a sample of the pre-

correction IF for troubleshooting

purposes and system setup. The IF signal

is connector to a splitter Z1 that has an

in phase output and a 90° Quadrature

output, which are then connected to the

linearity corrector portion of the board.

4.2.1.7 Amplitude and Phase

Pre-Correction Circuits

The linearity corrector circuits use three

stages of correction, two adjust for any

amplitude non-linearities and one for

phase non-linearities of the output signal.

Two of the stages are in the in phase

amplitude pre-correction path and one

stage is in the quadrature phase pre-

correction path. Each stage has a variable

threshold control adjustment, R211 and

R216, in the in phase path, and R231, in

the quadrature path, that determines the

point at which the gain is changed for that

stage.

Two reference voltages are needed for the

operation of the corrector circuits. The

Zener diode VR3, through R261, provides

the +6.8 VDC reference. The VREF is

produced using the path through R265 and

the diodes CR30 and CR31. They provide a

.9 VDC reference, which temperature

compensates for the two diodes in each

corrector stage.

The first corrector stage in the in phase

path operates as follows. The in phase IF

signal is applied to transformer T6, which

doubles the voltage swing by means of a

1:4 impedance transformation. Resistors

R222 and R225 form an L-pad that lowers

the level of the signal. The input signal

level when it reaches a certain level causes

the diodes CR24 and CR25 to turn on,

generating current flow that puts them in

parallel with the L-pad. When the diodes

are put in parallel with the resistors, the

attenuation through the L-pad is lowered,

causing signal stretch.

The signal is next applied to amplifier U17

to compensate for the loss through the

L-pad. The breakpoint, or cut-in point, for

the first corrector is set by controlling

where CR24 and CR25 turn on. This is

accomplished by adjusting the threshold

cut-in resistor R211. R211 forms a

voltage-divider network from +6.8 VDC to

ground. The voltage at the wiper arm of

R211 is buffered by the unity-gain

amplifier U16B. This reference voltage is

then applied to R215, R216, and C134

through L44 to the CR24 diode. C134

keeps the reference from sagging during

the vertical interval. The .9 VDC reference

voltage is applied to the unity-gain

amplifier U16D. The reference voltage is

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-8

then connected to diode CR25 through

choke L45. The two chokes L44 and L45

form a high impedance for RF that serves

to isolate the op-amp ICs from the IF.

After the signal is amplified by U17, it is

applied to the second corrector stage in

the in phase path through T7. These two

correctors and the third corrector stage

in the quadrature path operate in the

same fashion as the first. All three

corrector stages are independent and do

not interact with each other.

The correctors can be disabled by moving

jumper W12 on J30 to the Disable

position, between pins 1 and 2, this

moves all of the breakpoints past the

greatest peaks of digital so that they will

have no affect.

The pre-distorted IF signal in the in

phase path, connects to an op amp U18

whose output level is controlled by R238.

R238 provides a means of balancing the

level of the amplitude pre-distorted IF

signal that then connects to the combiner

Z2.

The pre-distorted IF signal in the

quadrature path connects to op amp U20

and then step up transformer T9, next op

amp U21 and step up transformer T10

and finally op amp U22 whose output

level is controlled by R258. R258

provides a means of balancing the level

of the Phase pre-distorted IF signal that

then connects to the combiner Z2.

The amplitude and phase pre-distorted IF

signals are combined by Z2 and

connected to J37 that is jumpered to J36

on the board. J37 can be used for

testing or monitoring purposes of the IF

signal after amplitude and phase pre-

distortion. The pre-distorted IF signal

connects through a resistor buffer

network that prevents loading of the

combiner before it is wired to the

frequency response circuitry.

4.2.1.8 Main IF Signal Path (Part 3 of 3)

The IF signal, at the input to the

frequency-response corrector circuit, is

split using L24, L25 and R89. One path is

through L24, which is the main IF path

through the board. The main IF is fed

through a resistor network that controls

the level of the IF by adjusting the

resistance of R99, the output level adjust.

The IF signal is then applied to a three-

stage, frequency-response corrector circuit

that is adjusted as needed.

The frequency-response corrector circuit

operates as follows. Variable resistors

R103, R106 and R274 are used to adjust

the depth and gain of the notches and

variable caps C71, C72 and C171 are used

to adjust the frequency position of the

notches. These are adjusted as needed to

compensate for frequency response

problems.

The frequency-response corrected IF is

connected to J38 that is jumpered to J39

on the board. J38 can be used for testing

or monitoring purposes of the IF signal

after frequency response

pre-correction. The IF is next amplified by

U13 and U14. After amplification, the IF is

split with one path connected to J42C pin

1C the IF output to the LO/Upconverter

Module. The other path is fed through a

divider network to J35 a SMA IF Sample

Jack, located on the front panel, that

provides a sample of the corrected IF for

test purposes.

4.2.1.9 ALC Circuit

The other path of the corrected IF signal at

the input to the frequency response

corrector circuit is used in the ALC circuit.

The IF flows through L25, of the L24 L25

splitter, and connects to the op-amp U12.

The IF signal is applied through a resistor

divider network to transformer T5. T5

doubles the voltage swing by means of a

1:4 impedance transformation before it is

connected to the ALC detector circuit,

consisting of C70, CR23 and R91. The

detected ALC level output is amplified by

U10B and wired to U10A, pin 2, where it is

summed with the power control setting,

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-9

which is the output power setting that is

maintained by the ALC. The output of

U10A connects through SW1, if it is in

the auto gain position, to the pin-diode

attenuator circuit, CR1, CR2 & CR3. The

high forward biases them more or less,

that increases or decreases the IF level,

therefore the output level, opposite the

input level. When the input signal level

increases, the forward bias on the pin

attenuator decreases, therefore the

output power will decrease, which keeps

the output power the same as set by the

customer.

An external power raise/lower switch can

be used by connecting it to TB30, at

TB30-8 power raise and TB30-9 power

lower, on the rear of the exciter/amplifier

chassis. The ALC voltage is set for .8

VDC at TP4 with a 0-dBm output at J42C

pin 1C of the module. A sample of the

ALC at J42C pin 11C, is wired to the

Control Monitoring/Power Supply module

where it is used on the front panel

display and in the AGC circuits.

The ALC voltage, and the DC level

corresponding to the IF level after signal

correction, are fed to U10A, pin 2, whose

output at pin 1 connects to the ALC pin-

diode attenuator circuit. If there is a loss

of gain somewhere in an IF circuit, the

output power of the transmitter will drop.

The ALC circuit senses this drop at U10A

and automatically decreases the loss

through the pin-diode attenuator circuit

therefore increasing its gain maintaining

the same output power level.

The ALC action starts with the ALC

detector level monitored at TP4. The

detector output at TP4 is nominally +.8

VDC and is applied through resistor R77

to a summing point at op-amp U10A, pin

2. The current available from the ALC

detector is offset, or complemented, by

current taken away from the summing

junction. In normal operation, U10A, pin

2, is at 0 VDC when the loop is satisfied.

If the recovered or peak-detected IF

signal level at IF input to this board

should drop, which normally means that

the output power will decrease, the null

condition would no longer occur at U10A,

pin 2. When the level drops, the output of

U10A, pin 1, will go more positive. If SW1

is in the Automatic position, it will cause

the ALC pin-diode attenuators CR1, CR2,

and CR3 to have less attenuation and

increase the IF level; this will compensate

for the decrease in the level. If the ALC

cannot increase the input level enough to

satisfy the ALC loop, due to there not being

enough range, an ALC fault will occur. The

fault is generated because U10D, pin 12,

increases above the trip point set by R84

and R83 until it conducts. This makes

U10D, pin 14, high and causes the red ALC

Fault LED DS2 to light.

4.2.1.10 Fault Command

The board also has circuitry for an external

mute fault input at J42 pin 10C. This is a

Mute command that protects the circuits of

high-gain output amplifier devices against

VSWR faults. This action needs to occur

faster than just pulling the ALC reference

down. Two different mechanisms are

employed: one is a very fast-acting circuit

to increase the attenuation of the pin-diode

attenuator, CR1, CR2, and CR3, and the

second is the reference voltage being

pulled away from the ALC amplifier device.

An external Mute is a pull-down applied to

J42 pin 10C, that completes a current path

from the +12 VDC line through R78 and

R139, the LED DS4 (Mute indicator), and

the LED section of opto-isolator U11.

These actions turn on the transistor section

of U11 that applies -12 VDC through CR21

to U10A pin 3, and pulls down the

reference voltage. This is a fairly slow

action controlled by the low-pass filter

function of R81 and C61. When the

transistor section of U11 is on, -12 VDC is

also connected through CR22 directly to

the pin-diode attenuator circuit. This

establishes a very fast muting action, by

reverse biasing CR3. This action occurs in

the event of an external VSWR fault.

4.2.1.11 ±12 VDC Needed to Operate the

Board

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-10

The ±12 VDC connects to the board at

J42C. The +12 VDC connects to J42C pin

16C and is filtered by L30, L41, and C80

before it is applied to the rest of the

board. The -12 VDC connects to J42C pin

18C and is filtered by L31 and C81 before

it is applied to the rest of the board.

The +12 VDC also connects through

R261 to the zener diode VR3 that

connects to ground, which generates the

+6.8 VDC output to the rest of the board.

The +12 VDC also connects through

R265 to the diodes CR30 and CR31

provide a .9 VDC reference output

voltage VREF that temperature

compensates for the two diodes in each

corrector stage.

4.3 (A5) LO/Upconverter Module

(1301930)

This module contains the

LO/Upconverter board, the UHF

Generator Board, LED Display Board and

channel filters. This module takes an

external IF and converts it to the final

RF output frequency using an internally

generated local oscillator.

The local oscillator consists of a VCXO

that is phase locked to an external 10

MHz reference. The 10 MHz reference

and the VCO are both divided down to 5

kHz and compared by the phase lock

loop circuit. Any error from this

comparison is generated in the form of

an error current that is converted to a

bias voltage that connects to the VCO.

This voltage adjusts the output

frequency of the VCO until it is on the

desired frequency.

The Phase lock loop is programmed by

loading in data generated by the control

module. This data sets the dividers so

that the 10MHz and the VCXO frequency

are divided to 5kHz. These divide

numbers are loaded into U6 using the

clock, data and LE lines. This data is

sent whenever the module is first

plugged into the backplane board or when

power is applied to the transmitter. This

is necessary because the divide numbers

are lost when power is removed from the

module.

There is an alarm generated if the phase

locked loop is unlocked. This alarm is

displayed locally and is also sent to the

control module in the transmitter to be

displayed as a fault. The bias voltage to

the VCO is also available to be monitored

at TP1 and also can be viewed on the

front panel display of the Transmitter.

Typical values for this voltage are 0.1 to

0.5V. The 10 MHz reference is normally

an external reference. There is also a

high stability internal reference option

that is available if there is a desire to

operate the transmitter without an

external reference. Jumper W1

determines whether an external or

internal high stability reference is to be

used.

The IF signal is applied at a level of

–15 dBm average and is converted to the

final RF channel frequency. The RF signal

is applied to a filter that selects the right

conversion product. Next, the signal is

amplified to -7 dBm by A3 and exits the

front of the module at J2. There are also a

front panel samples of the RF output at J3

and the LO at J1. The RF sample level is

approximately -20 dB below the RF

output. The LO sample level is -7 dBm.

4.3.1 (A4) UHF Generator Board

(1585-1265)

The UHF generator board is mounted in the

UHF Generator Enclosure for EMI and RFI

protection. The board contains a VCXO

circuit and additional circuitry to multiply

the VCXO frequency by eight.

The VCXO circuit uses the crystal Y1,

mounted in a crystal oven for stability, to

produce an output of ≈ 67 MHz to 132 MHz,

depending on the desired channel

frequency. Course adjustment to the

frequency of the crystal is made by C11,

while fine adjustments are accomplished by

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-11

the AFC voltage at J2 from (A1) the

LO/Upconverter board (1302132). The

VCXO output level is adjusted by C6, L2,

L4 and C18. The output is split and

provides an input to the x8 multiplier

circuitry as well as a VHF Output sample

at J1.

The x8 circuitry consists of three identical

x2 broadband frequency doublers. The

input signal at the fundamental frequency

is fed through a 6-dB pad consisting of

R21, R24, and R25 through C29 to

amplifier U3. The output of the amplifier

stage is directed through a bandpass filter

consisting of L8 and C32, which is tuned

to the fundamental frequency (67 MHz to

132 MHz). The voltage measured at TP1

is typically +.6 VDC. The first doubler

stage consists of Z1 with bandpass filter

L9 and C34 tuned to the second harmonic

(134 MHz to 264 MHz). The harmonic is

amplified by U4 and again bandpass

filtered at the second harmonic by C38

and L11 (134 MHz to 264 MHz). The

voltage measured at TP2 is typically +1.2

VDC. The next doubler stage consists of

Z2 with bandpass filter C40 and L12

tuned to the fourth harmonic of the

fundamental frequency (268 MHz to 528

MHz). The fourth harmonic is then

amplified by U5 and fed through another

bandpass filter tuned to the fourth

harmonic consisting of L14 and C44 (268

MHz to 528 MHz). The voltage measured

at TP3 is typically +2.0 VDC. The final

doubler stage consists of Z3 with

bandpass filter C46 and L15 tuned to the

eighth harmonic of the fundamental

frequency (536 MHz to 1056 MHz). The

signal is amplified by U6 and U7 to a

typical value of from +2 to +4 VDC as

measured at TP4. The amplified eighth

harmonic is then fed to the SMA RF

output jack of the board at J3. Typical

output level of the signal is +16 dBm

nominal. This output connects through

A5 a channel filter to the LO/Upconverter

Board.

The DC voltages needed to operate the

UHF generator board are supplied by the

LO/Upconverter Board. The +12 VDC for

the board enters through jack J4-3 and is

filtered by L22 and C54-C58 before being

distributed to the circuits on the board.

The +9 VDC for the board enters through

jack J4-1 and is distributed to the rest of

the board.

4.3.2 (A2 and A5) UHF Filters (1007-

1101)

Both UHF filters are tunable two-section

cavity filters that are typically tuned for a

bandwidth of 6 MHz and have a loss of -1

dB through the filter.

4.3.3 (A1) LO/Upconverter Board

(1302132)

The upconverter portion of the board

The LO/Upconverter board provides

upconversion processing by mixing the IF

and LO signals in mixer Z1 to produce the

desired RF frequency output. The RF

output is connected through J4 to A5, an

external channel filter, and applied back to

the board at J6. The RF is amplified and

connected to the RF output jack of the

board at J43-25B.

The IF signal (-6 dBm average) enters the

board at J43-2B and is applied through a

matching pad and filter circuit to the mixer.

The pad consists of R6, R2 and R7, which

presents a relatively good source

impedance. The IF is then connected

through a voltage divider network

consisting of R3, R4, R8 and R14. R14 is

variable and adjusted to set the 0 dBm IF

input level to the mixer. The IF in next

filtered by L3, C84 and C83 and connected

to pin 5, the I input of the mixer Z1.

The local oscillator signal (+13 dBm) from

UHF Generator Board, through (A5) a UHF

channel filter, connects to the board at jack

J1, an SMA connector. THE LO is

connected directly to pin 1, the L input of

the mixer Z1.

The frequency of the LO is the sum of the

IF frequency above the required digital

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-12

carrier. For instance, in system M, for

digital applications, the LO is the center

frequency of the digital channel added to

the 44-MHz IF frequency. By picking the

local oscillator to be 44 MHz above the

digital carrier, a conversion in frequency

occurs by selecting the difference

product. The difference product, the local

oscillator minus the IF, will be at the

desired digital carrier frequency output.

There will also be other signals present at

the RF output connector J3 at a lower

level. These are the sum conversion

product: the LO and the IF frequencies.

Usually, the output product that is

selected by the tuning of the external

filter is the difference product: the LO

minus the 44-MHz IF.

If a bad reactive load is connected to the

mixer, the LO signal that is fed through it

can be increased because the mixer no

longer serves as a double-balanced

mixer. The mixer has the inherent

property of suppressing signals that may

leak from one input port to any of the

other ports. This property is enhanced

by having inputs and outputs of the

mixer at 50Ω impedance. The RF output

of the mixer connects through a pad

made up of R12, R15, and R17 before it

is wired to the amplifier U2. The RF

signal is amplified by U2, a modular

amplifier, and includes within it biasing

and impedance matching networks that

makes U2 act as a wideband-RF amplifier

device. This amplifier, in a 50Ω system,

has approximately 12 dB of gain. U2 is

powered from the +12 VDC line through

RF decoupling components R24, C14, and

L4. Inductor L4 is a broadband-RF choke

and is resonance free through the UHF

band. The amplified RF connects through

a pad to the SMA RF output jack J4 and

is cabled to (A2) an external channel

filter. The reactive channel filter that is

externally connected to J4 of the board

does not appear as a good 50-Ω load at

all frequencies. The pad, in the output

line of the board, consisting of R20, R18,

and R21 buffers the bad effects of the

reactive filter load and makes it appear

as a 50Ω impedance.

The RF input signal from the external filter

re-enters the board at J6 (-11 to -17 dBm)

and is capacitively coupled to the pin-diode

attenuator circuit consisting of CR2, CR3,

and CR4. The pin-diode attenuator acts as

a voltage-variable attenuator in which each

pin diode functions as a voltage-variable

resistor that is controlled by the DC bias

connected to the diodes. The pin diodes,

because of a large, intrinsic region, cannot

rectify signals at this RF frequency;

therefore, they only act as a linear voltage-

variable resistor. These diodes are part of

the AGC for the transmitter.

The automatic gain control (AGC) portion

of the board

The automatic gain control (AGC) provides

automatic gain control for the power

amplifier module(s).

The AGC circuitry attempts to maintain

the ratio between an input reference

proportional to the input power and the

output power of either the

exciter/amplifier PA output, AGC #1,

Inner Loop, or the output of external

power amplifiers, AGC #2, Outer Loop,

farther downstream. NOTE: The AGC #2

Outer Loop is not used in 5W-50W digital

transmitters.

An ALC reference input is applied to the

board at J43-16A, amplified by U10A, and

sent to the front panel board through J5-7

where it is connected to a AGC Manual

Gain pot, accessed through the front

panel. A switch AUTO/MAN AGC is also

located on the front panel. When

switched in MAN the MAN GAIN Pot

adjusts the output power level. The Gain

Control voltage is reapplied to the board

at J5-6. The gain control voltage is

summed to the added together inner and

outer loop AGC reference voltage at U10D.

The AGC output reference from the

exciter/amplifier PA module, AGC #1

INNER LOOP, is applied at J43-14C and

from the external PA module, AGC #2

OUTER LOOP, is applied at J43-15C.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-13

The larger voltage of either the inner or

the outer loop is used to control the AGC

loop. Since the outer loop is not used in

this system, the inner loop controls the

AGC. R82 is adjusted so that the inner

loop voltage at TP7 is larger than the

voltage at TP4 by approximately .1 VDC.

This ensures that the output of the

exciter/amplifier is the reference used

for AGC. In systems that use the outer

loop, that level is adjusted to .1 VDC

above the inner loops reference. This

ensures that the output of the system is

the reference used for AGC. If that

reference drops to the point where it is

smaller than the inner loop reference,

the system switches over to using the

inner loop reference.

The AGC reference that is being used is

buffered by U10C and connected to

U10D. U10D generates an output

voltage that is used to bias the pin

attenuators, CR2, CR3 and CR4, which

sets the gain of the exciter/amplifier.

This Auto AGC circuit can be disabled by

the AGC Auto/Man switch, located on

the front panel, which switches the pin-

attenuator bias to a variable voltage

that is set by the Manual Gain Adjust.

The level-controlled RF signal, from the

pin-diode attenuator circuit, is amplified

by the wideband-hybrid amplifier IC U13

that is configured in the same way as U2.

The RF signal is converted by T1 to a

balanced, dual feed output that is applied

to the push-pull Class A amplifier IC U1.

Capacitors C2 and C5 provide DC

blocking for the input signal to the IC.

The RF outputs of the IC are applied

through C3 and C4, which provide DC

blocking for the output signals. The RF

signals connect to combiner T2 that

combines the RF back to a single-RF

output at a 50Ω impedance. The RF then

enters a coupler stage, which provides a

sample of the RF at J7 (–20dB), the front

panel RF sample jack. The main path

through coupler is to J43 pin 25B, the

Upconverter RF output jack of the module

(+0 to +10 dBm).

The PLL and 10-MHz Reference section of

the Board

The PLL and 10-MHz reference portion of

the board utilizes either an external 10

MHz reference or an internally generated

10 MHz as the reference for the PLL circuit

that generates the AFC voltage, which

controls the frequency of the VCXO on the

UHF Generator Board.

The (PLL) phase lock loop circuit, provides

the automatic frequency control (AFC)

voltage, that connects to the VCXO,

located on the UHF generator board, and

maintains the accurate output frequency of

the VCXO. The AFC is generated by

comparing a sample of the 10-MHz

reference to a sample of the VCXO

frequency. The PLL uses an external 10-

MHz signal as the reference, unless it is

missing, then an internally generated 10-

MHz signal is used. The two 10-MHz

reference signals are connected to the K1

relay and the selected reference connects

to the comparator synthesizer IC U9. The

switching between the two references is

accomplished by the K1 relay. When the

relay is de-energized, it applies the

external 10-MHz reference to U9. The

relay will remain de-energized as long as

an externally generated 10-MHz reference

signal is present and the Jumper W3 on

J10 is placed in the external position,

between Pins 1 & 2. An alternate 10 MHz

reference can be connected to J11 on the

board. The jumper W3 on J10 must then

be moved to pins 2 & 3, internal, to

connect the alternate 10 MHz to K1. The

alternate 10 MHz will then act in the circuit

like the external 10 MHz.

If the external 10-MHz reference is lost,

the relay will energized and the internally

generated 10-MHz reference is then

applied through the K1 relay pin 14 to pin

1 to the IC U9.

With the relay de-energized, the externally

generated 10-MHz from jack J43 pin 22B

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-14

connects through the normally closed

contacts of the relay from pin 1 to pin 7

to the IC U9.

External 10-MHz Reference Present

Circuitry

The external 10-MHz reference signal

enters the board at J43 pin 22B and is

isolated by L8 and connected to the

External/Internal Jack J10. W3 on J10 is

a manual jumper that must be connected

between pins 1 & 2, External, for the

external 10 MHz to connect to the rest of

the circuit. The external 10 MHz is

filtered by C44, R55, L9 and C46 before it

split with one path connected to the K1

relay at pin 1 of the normally closed

contacts. The other path takes the 10

MHz and rectifies it by CR5 and filters it

before it is connected to U7A pin 2. If

the sample level of the external 10 MHz

is above the reference set by R46 and

R48, which is connected to pin 3 of U7A,

the output of U7A stays low. The low

connects to the gates of Q3, Q5 and Q6,

which are biased off and cause their

drains to go high. The high from the

drain of Q6 is wired to J43, pin 14A, for

connection to a remote external 10-MHz

present indicator. The high from the

drain of Q5 connects to the yellow LED

DS2, internal reference indictor, which

will not light. This indicates that an

external 10-MHz reference is present.

The low from U7A also connects to the

gate of Q3, biasing it off and causing its

drain to go high. This high de-energizes

the K1 relay and applies the external 10-

MHz reference signal to pin 6 on U9 for

use as the reference in the PLL circuits.

Internal 10-MHz Reference Circuitry

The internally generated 10-MHz

reference signal connects from U6, the

10-MHz oscillator IC, to pin 14, the

Normally Open contacts of relay K1.

With no external 10-MHz reference input,

the level connected to U7A Pin 2 will be

low. This will be less than the reference

set by R46 and R48, which is connected

to pin 3 of U7A, that causes the output of

U7A to go high. The high connects to the

gates of Q3, Q5 and Q6, which are biased

on and causes their drains to go low. The

low from the drain of Q6 is wired to J43,

pin 14A, for connection to a remote

external 10-MHz present indicator. The

low from the drain of Q5 connects to the

yellow LED DS2, internal reference indictor,

which will light. This indicates that an

external 10-MHz reference is not present

and that the internal 10-MHz is being used

as the reference. The high from U7A also

connects to the gate of Q3, biasing it on

and causing its drain to go low. This low

energizes the K1 relay and applies the

internal 10-MHz reference signal through

K1 pin 14 to pin 7 to pin 6 on U9 for use as

the reference in the PLL circuits.

Selected 10-MHz Reference Samples

A sample of the selected 10-MHz is split off

the main path through L13 and R95 using

L14 and C74 and C73. The sample path

connects to another splitter circuit

consisting of L2, R94, L11, C71 and C70.

One output of the splitter connects to J43

pin 28B that is used by the external digital

modulator tray. The other output of the

splitter connects to J43 pin 31B that is

used by the external analog modulator

tray.

Comparator Phase Lock Loop Circuit

The selected 10-MHz reference connects to

pin 6, Oscillator In, of the IC U9. The LO

generated by the VCXO located on the UHF

Generator Board connects to J1 on the

LO/Upconverter Board. A sample of the LO

is divided off the main line by R105, R106

and R107. The LO sample connects to pin

4, F In, of U9.

The U9 IC takes the 10 MHz reference and

divides it down to 5 kHz. It also takes the

LO sample input and divides it down to 50

kHz. The two 5 kHz divided down signals

are compared inside of U9 and any

differences are connected to U9 pin 16.

The output of U9 at pin 16 are 5 kHz

pulses whose pulse width varies as any

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-15

differences between the 10-MHz and

VCXO frequencies are detected. These

pulses are changed to a DC voltage level

by the capacitor-resistor filter network,

C32, C36, C42, C38 and R49. The AFC

voltage is then connected to the + input

of U4B that amplifies it and connects it to

jack J9. W2 on J9 must be in the operate

position, between pins 1 and 2, for the

PLL circuit to operate. With jumper W2

between pins 2 and 3 on J6, set up, the

AFC bias is set by R43. NOTE: With the

VCXO, located on the UHF Generator

Board, set on frequency, the voltage as

measured at TP2 should be –2 VDC.

The AFC output of J9 is split with one

path connected to J43 pin 13A. The

other path is amplified by U7B and

connected to J12, VCXO AFC Output, on

the board that connects to the VCXO on

the UHF generator board. The PLL circuit,

when locked, will maintain the very

accurate VCXO output frequency because

any change in frequency will be corrected

by the AFC error voltage.

Lock Detector Circuit

IC chip U9 contains an internal lock

detector that indicates the status of the

PLL circuit. When U9 is in a locked state,

pin 12 goes high; the high is applied to

Q1, which is biased off. With Q1 off, pin

3 goes low and is connected to DS1, the

Red Unlock LED, which does not lit. Q1

pin 3 low also connects to Q2 that is

biased off. The drain of Q2, a high, is

wired to J43 pin 15A, the PLL Lock

Indicator output of the board.

If the 5-kHz from the 10-MHz reference

and the 5-kHz from the VCXO become

unlocked, out of the capture range of the

PLL, pin 12 of U9 goes to a logic low that

connects to the base of Q1. This biases

On Q1 causing pin 3 to go high. The high

connects to DS1, the red Unlock LED,

which lights, and to Q2, which is biased

on. When Q2 is biased on, it connects a

low to jack J43 pin 15A, the PLL Lock

Indicator output of the board.

Voltage Requirements

The board is powered by ±12 VDC that is

produced by an external power supply.

+12 VDC enters the board through J43

pins 18A, B & C, and is filtered and isolated

by L5, L6 and the shunt capacitor C24.

The +12 VDC is then applied to the rest of

the board and to J14 pin 3 for use by the

UHF Generator Board.

One connection of the +12 VDC is to IC

U12. U12 and associated circuitry produce

a +9 VDC that connects to J14 pin 1 for

use by the UHF Generator Board.

Another connection of the +12 VDC is to a

+5 VDC regulator. The +12 VDC connects

to diodes CR6 and CR7 that along with the

pi type filter consisting of C56, L10, C54

and C55 removes any noise from the +12

VDC before it connects to the +5 VDC

regulator IC U8. The output of the IC U8,

+5 VDC, connects to the rest of the board.

The -12 VDC enters the board through J43

pins 19A, B & C and is filtered and isolated

by L7 and the shunt capacitor C28. The -

12 VDC is then applied to the rest of the

board and to J14 pin 5 for use by the UHF

Generator Board.

4.4 (A4) Control Monitoring/Power

Supply Module (1301936)

The Control Monitoring/Power Supply

Module Assembly contains (A1) a Power

Protection Board (1302837), (A2) a 600

Watt Switching Power Supply, (A3) a

Control Board (1302021), (A4) a Switch

Board (1527-1406) and (A5) a LCD

Display.

AC Input to Innovator LX Exciter/Amplifier

Chassis Assembly

The AC input to the Innovator LX

Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly is

connected from J1, part of a fused entry

module, located on the rear of the chassis

assembly to J50 on the Control

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-16

Monitoring/Power Supply Module. J50-10

is line #1 input, J50-8 is earth ground

and J50-9 is line #2 input. The input AC

connects to J1 on the Power Protection

Board where it is fuse protected and

connected back to J50, at J50-11 AC Line

#1 and J50-12 AC Line #2, for

distribution to the cooling Fan.

4.4.1 (A1) Power Protection Board

(1302837)

The input AC connects through J1 to two

10 Amp AC fuses F1 and F2. The AC

line #1 input connects from J1-1 to the

F1 fuse. The AC line #1 input after the

F1 fuse is split with one line connected

back to Jack J1 Pin 4, which becomes

the AC Line #1 to the Fan. The other

line of the split connects to J4. The AC

line #2 input connects from J1-3 to the

F2 fuse. The AC line #2 input after the

F2 fuse is split with one line connected

back to Jack J1 at Pin 5, which becomes

the AC Line #2 to the Fan. The other

line of the split connects to J2. J1-2 is

the earth ground input for the AC and

connects to J3.

Three 150-VAC, for 115 VAC input, or

three 275-VAC, for 230 VAC input, MOVs

are connected to the input AC for

protection. One connects from each AC

line to ground and one connects across

the two lines. VR1 connects from J4 to

J2, VR2 connects from J4 to J3 and VR3

connects from J2 to J3.

+12 VDC Circuits

+12 VDC from the Switching Power

Supply Assembly connects to J6 on the

board. The +12 VDC is divided into four

separate circuits each with a 3 amp self

resetting fuse, PS3, PS4, PS5 and PS6.

The polyswitch resettable fuses may

open on a current as low as 2.43 Amps

at 50C, 3 Amps at 25C or 3.3 Amps at

0C. They definitely will open when the

current is 4.86 Amps at 50C, 6 Amps

at 25C or 6.6 Amps at 0C.

PS3 protects the +12 VDC 2 Amp circuits

for the System Controller, the Amplifier

Controller and the Spare Slot through J62

pins 7, 8, 9 and 10. If this circuit is

operational, the Green LED DS3, mounted

on the board, will be lit.

PS4 protects the +12 VDC 2 Amp circuits

for the Modulator and the IF Processor

through J62 pins 13, 14, 15 and 16. If

this circuit is operational, the Green LED

DS4, mounted on the board, will be lit

PS5 protects the +12 VDC 2 Amp circuits

for the Upconverter through J62 pins 17,

18, 19 and 20. If this circuit is

operational, the Green LED DS5, mounted

on the board, will be lit

PS6 protects the +12 VDC 2 Amp circuits

for the Remote through J63 pins 17, 18,

19 and 20. If this circuit is operational,

the Green LED DS6, mounted on the

board, will be lit

-12 VDC Circuits

-12 VDC from the Switching Power Supply

Assembly connects to J5 on the board.

The -12 VDC is divided into two separate

circuits each with a 3 amp self resetting

fuse, PS1 and PS2.

PS1 protects the -12 VDC 2 Amp circuits

for the System through J63 pins 1, 2, 3

and 4. If this circuit is operational, the

Green LED DS1, mounted on the board,

will be lit

PS2 protects the -12 VDC 2 Amp circuits

for the Remote through J62 pins 1, 2, 3

and 4. If this circuit is operational, the

Green LED DS2, mounted on the board,

will be lit

The connections from J62 and J63 of the

Power Protection Board are wired to J62

and J63 on the Control Board.

4.4.2 (A3) Control Board (1302021)

In this transmitter, control monitoring

functions and front panel operator

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-17

interfaces are found on the Control

Board. Front panel operator interfaces

are brought to the control board using a

26 position conductor ribbon cable that

plugs into J60. The control board

controls and monitors the Power Supply

and Power Amplifier module through a

16 position connector J61 and two 20

position connectors J62 & J63.

U1 is an 8 bit RISC microcontroller that

is in circuit programmed or programmed

using the serial programming port J4 on

the board. When the microcontroller,

U1, is held in reset, low on pin 20, by

either the programming port or the

external watchdog IC (U2), a FET Q1

inverts the reset signal to a high that

connects to the control lines of U5, an

analog switch. The closed contacts of

U5 connects the serial programming

lines from J4 to U1. LED DS10 will be lit

when programming port J4 is used.

U2 is a watchdog IC used to hold the

microcontroller in reset, if the supply

voltage is less the 4.21 VDC; (1.25 VDC

< Pin 4 (IN) < Pin 2 (Vcc). The

watchdog momentarily resets the

microcontroller, if Pin 6 (ST) is not

clocked every second. A manual reset

switch S1 is provided but should not be

needed.

Diodes DS1 through DS8 are used for

display of auto test results. A test board

is used to execute self test routines.

When the test board is installed,

Auto_Test_1 is held low and

Auto_Test_2 is allowed to float at 5

VDC. This is the signal to start the auto

test routines.

U3 and U4 are used to selectively enable

various input and output ICs found on

pages 2 & 3 of the schematic.

U1 has two serial ports available. In this

application, one port is used to

communicate with transmitter system

components where U1 is the master of a

RS-485 serial bus. The other serial port

is used to provide serial data I/O where

U1 is not the master of the data port. A

dual RS-232 port driver IC and a RS-485

Port driver is also in the second serial data

I/O system. The serial ports are wired

such that serial data input can come

through one of the three serial port

channels. Data output is sent out through

each of the three serial port channels.

Switch SW1, transmitter operation select,

is used to select either transmitter

operation or exciter/driver operation.

When the contacts of SW1 are closed,

transmitter operation is selected and the

power monitoring lines of the transmitter’s

power amplifier are routed to the system

power monitoring lines.

U9 is a non-inverting transceiver IC that

provides 2 way asynchronous

communication between data busses. .

The IC is used as an input buffer to allow

the microcontroller to monitor various

digital input values.

Digital output latch circuits are used to

control system devices. Remote output

circuits are implemented using open drain

FETs, Q13, Q14, Q16, and Q17, with

greater than 60 Volt drain to source

voltage ratings.

Remote digital inputs are diode protected,

using CR6, CR7, CR8 and CR9 with a 1 kÙ

pull-up resistor, to +5 VDC. If the remote

input voltage is greater than about 2 Volts

or floating, the FET is turned on and a

logic low is applied to the digital input

buffer, U9. If the remote input voltage is

less than the turn on threshold of the FET

(about 2 VDC), a logic high is applied to

the digital input buffer, U9.

Four of the circuits on page two of the

schematic, which include Q2, Q9, Q19 and

Q21, are auxiliary I/O connections wired

for future use. They are wired similar to

the remote digital inputs but include a

FET, Q5, Q12, Q20 and Q22, for digital

output operations. To operate these

signals as inputs, the associated output

FET must be turned off. The FETs are

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-18

controlled by U10 and U12, analog input

multiplexer ICs.

U13, U14, U15, U16, U17 and U18 are 3

state non-inverting transceiver ICs that

provide 2 way asynchronous

communication between data busses.

The ICs are used as input buffers to

allow the microcontroller to monitor

various digital input values. The digital

inputs to the ICs utilize a 10 kÙ pull-up

resistor. The buffer IC, U18, used for

data transfer to the display is wired for

read and write control.

U19 and U20 are digitally controlled

analog switches that provide samples

back to the microprocessor. Each

analog input is expected to be between

0 and 5 VDC. If a signal exceeds 5.1

VDC, a 5.1 Volt zener diode clamps the

signals voltage, to prevent damage to

the IC. Most signals are calibrated at

their source, however two dual serial

potentiometers ICs are used to calibrate

four signals, System Visual/Average

Power, System Aural Power, System

Reflected Power and the Spare AIN 1.

For these four circuits, the input value is

divided in half before it is applied to an

op-amp. The serial potentiometer is

used to adjust the output signal level to

between 80 and 120% of the input

signal level. Serial data, serial clock and

serial pot enables are supplied by the

microprocessor to the dual serial

potentiometer ICs. J62 and J63 are two

20 position connectors that provide the

+12 VDC and –12 VDC power through

the Power Protection Board. The ±12

VDC generated by the switching power

supply connects to J62 and J63 after

being fuse protected on the Power

Protection Board.

There are three dual element,

red/green, common cathode LED

indicators mounted on the front panel of

the sled assembly; DC OK, Operate and

Fault.

There are three, the fourth is a spare,

identical circuits that drive the front

panel mounted LED indicators. The levels

on the 1, 2, 3 and 4 LED Control Lines, for

both the red and green LEDs, are

generated by the IC U11 as controlled by

the DATABUS from the microprocessor U1.

Each LED controller circuit consists of an

N-Channel MOSFET w/internal diode that

controls the base of an N-P-N transistor in

an emitter follower configuration. The

emitter of the transistor connects the LED.

With the LED control line LOW, the

MOSFET is Off, which causes the base of

the transistor to increase towards +12

VDC, forward biasing the transistor. With

the transistor forward biased, current will

flow from ground through the LED, the

transistor and the current limiting

resistors in the collector to the +12 VDC

source. The effected LED will light.

With the LED control line HIGH, the

MOSFET is On, which causes the base of

the transistor go toward ground potential,

reverse biasing the transistor. With the

transistor reverse biased, no current

through the transistor and LED, therefore

the effected LED will not light.

A third color, amber, can also be

generated by having both transistors

conducting, both control lines LOW. The

amber color is produced because the

current applied to the green element is

slightly greater than the red element.

This occurs because the current limiting

resistors have a smaller ohm value in the

green circuit.

There are four voltage regulators, three

for +5 VDC and one for +7 VDC, which

are used to power the Control Board. +12

VDC is applied to U25 the +7 VDC

regulator that produces the +7V, which is

applied to the LEDs mounted on the

board. The +7V is also connected to the

input of U26 a precision +5.0 Volt

regulator. The +5.0Vdc regulator output

is used to power the analog circuits and as

the microcontroller analog reference

voltage. Another two +5 Volt regulator

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-19

circuits U27, +5V, and U8, +5 Vserial,

are used for most other board circuits.

4.4.3 (A4) Switch Board (1527-1406)

The switch board provides five front-

panel momentary contact switches for

user control and interface with the front-

panel LCD menu selections. The

switches, SW1 to SW5, complete the

circuit through connector J1 to

connector J2 that connects to J1 on (A5)

the 20 Character by 4 line LCD Display.

J1 on the switch board is also cabled to

the Control Board. When a switch is

closed, it connects a logic low to the

control board that supplies the

information from the selected source to

the display. By pushing the button

again, a different source is selected.

This occurs for each push button. Refer

to Chapter 3 Section 3.5.4, for more

information on the Display Menu

Screens.

4.4.4 (A2) Switching Power Supply

Assembly

The power supply module contains a

switching power supply, an eight

position terminal block for distributing

the DC voltages, a three position

terminal block to which the AC Input

connects, Jacks J1, V1 and V2. Jack J1

connects to the Control Board and

supplies DC OK, at J1-4 & 3, and AC OK,

at J1-2 & 1, status to the control board.

A Power Supply enable connects from

the control board to the power supply at

V1-6 & 7. The power supply is

configured for three output voltages

+12V, -12V, at the 8 position terminal

block, and a main output power of +32

VDC at J50 pin A (+) and J50 pin B

(Rtn). The power supply is power factor

corrected to .98 for optimum efficiency

and decrease in energy consumption.

For safety purposes all outputs are over

voltage and over current protected. This

supply accepts input voltages from 85 to

264 volts AC, but the power entry

module, for the exciter/amplifier chassis,

must be switched to the proper input

voltage setting, for the transmitter to

operate.

4.5 (A4) Power Amplifier Module

Assembly (1301923)

The Power Amplifier Module Assembly

contains (A1) a 1 Watt UHF Amplifier

Module Assembly (1302891), (A2) a 40

Watt UHF Module Assembly (1206693),

(A3) UHF RF Module Pallet Assembly

(1300116), (A4) a Coupler Board

Assembly (11301949), (A5) an Amplifier

Control Board (1301962) and (A6) a

Temperature Sensor IC.

The RF from the Upconverter Module

Assembly connects from the Upconverter RF

Output BNC Jack J23, through a cable, to

the PA RF Input BNC Jack J24, located on

the rear of the exciter/amplifier chassis

assembly.

4.5.1 (A1) 1-Watt UHF Module

Assembly (1302891)

The 1-watt UHF module assembly provides

radio frequency interference (RFI) and

electromagnetic interference (EMI)

protection, as well as the heatsink, for the

1-watt UHF amplifier board (1302762) that

is mounted inside the assembly. The

assembly has approximately 17 dB of gain.

The RF input to the assembly connects to

SMA Jack J3. The amplified RF output of

the assembly is at the SMA Jack J4.

Typically, with an input signal of +4 dBm

at J1 of the assembly, an output of

+21 dBm can be expected at J2.

The +12-VDC bias voltage connects

through J5, a RF-bypassed, feed-through

capacitor, to the amplifier board. The

-12-VDC bias voltage connects through J6,

a RF-bypassed, feed-through capacitor, to

the amplifier board. E1 on the assembly

connects to Chassis ground.

4.5.2 (A1-A1) 1-Watt UHF Amplifier

Board (1302761)

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-20

The 1-watt UHF amplifier board is

mounted in the 1-watt UHF amplifier

assembly (1302891) and provides

approximately +17 dB of gain.

The UHF signal enters the board at J3, a

SMA connector, and is applied to U3 an

IC hybrid coupler assembly that splits the

input signal into two equal parts. The

two amplifier paths are identical using Q4

and Q5, 1-Watt HFETs as the amplifier

devices. Each HFET has approximately

14 dB of gain.

The drain voltage needed to operate each

HFET is obtained from the +12 VDC line

that connects to the board at J5 and is

regulated down to +8.25 volts by U4.

The gate negative bias voltage is

obtained from the -12 VDC line that

connects to the board at J6.

The amplified outputs of the HFETs are

applied to U2 an IC hybrid coupler

assembly that combines the amplified

signals into a single output that connects

to J4 of the board.

4.5.3 (A4-A1) 40 Watt UHF Amplifier

Assembly (1206693)

The output of the UHF filter is connected

to the input J1 of (A2) the 40 Watt UHF

amplifier assembly (Figure 4-1). The

assembly is made up of a (51-5378-308-

00) module, which operates class AB and is

a highly linear broadband amplifier for the

frequency range of 470 to 860 MHz. It can

deliver an output power of 40 watts (CW)

with approximately 14 dB of gain.

The amplification circuit consists of

LDMOS transistors V804 and V805

connected in parallel and operating in

class AB. The paralleling network is

achieved with the aid of 3 dB couplers

Z802 and Z803. A further 3 dB coupler

Z801, in conjunction with capacitors C800

and C819, serves as a phase shifter.

Phase alignment (for the complete

amplifier), as well as quiescent current

settings are achieved by means of

potentiometers R807 and R808. The

settings are factory implemented and

should not be altered.

PIN diodes V810 & V811 form a variable-

damping circuit that is used to adjust the

amplification of the 40-watt module. The

adjustment is performed with the Gain

potentiometer R838. A readjustment of

the amplification may be required, after

repair work, to ensure that the PAs in

multiple PA transmitters deliver the same

output power

V 805

V 804

3 dB Coupler

Z 801

Output

Input R 814

R 802, ..4, ..5

C 800 C 819

Detector

Output

X 801

+32V

R 838

V 810

V 811

V 812

3 dB Coupler

Z 802 3 dB Coupler

Z 803

Figure 4-1: 40 Watt UHF Amplifier Module

4.5.4 (A3) UHF Module Assembly, RF

Module Pallet, Philips (1300116)

The UHF Module Assembly, 250-watt

module (Figure 4-2) is a broadband

amplifier for the frequency range 470 to

860 MHz. The amplifier is capable of

delivering an output power of 70 Wrms.

The amplification is approximately 13 dB.

The amplification circuit consists of the

parallel connected push-pull amplifier

blocks V1 and V2 operating in class AB. In

order to match the transistor impedance

to the characteristic impedance of the

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-21

input and output sides, matching

networks are placed ahead and behind

the amplifier blocks. Transformers Z3 to

Z6 serve to balance the input and output

signals. The paralleling circuit is

achieved with the aid of 3-dB couplers

Z1 and Z2.

The working point setting is factory

implemented by means of potentiometers

R9, R11, and R12 and should not be

altered.

V 1

3 dB Coupler

Z 2

Output

Input 3 dB Coupler

Z 1

R 2

R 1

Matching

Network

Matching

Network

V 2

Matching

Network

Matching

Network

Z 3 Z 5

Z 4 Z 6

+Uop

N 1

R 11 R 12

R 9

R 10 Dynamic

Equalization

Figure 4-2. UHF Amplifier Module, 250 Watts

4.5.5 (A4) Coupler Board Assembly

(1301949)

The UHF coupler board assembly

provides a forward and reflected power

samples of the output to (A5) the

amplifier control board where it connects

to the input of the overdrive-protection

circuit.

The RF input to the UHF coupler

assembly, from the 250 Watt UHF

amplifier module, connects to SMA jack

J1. The RF is connected by a stripline

track to the SMA type connector RF

Output jack J2. A hybrid-coupler circuit

picks off a power sample that is

connected to SMA type connector jack J3

as the forward power sample. Another

power sample is taken from the coupler

circuit that is connected to SMA type

connector jack J6 as the reflected power

sample. Two 50Ù terminations, used as

dissipation loads, connect to the reject

and reflected ports, J5 and J4, of the

coupler.

4.5.6 (A5) Amplifier Control Board

(1301962)

The amplifier control board provides LED

fault and enable indications on the front

panel of the module and also performs

the following functions: overdrive cutback,

when the drive level reaches the amount

needed to attain 110% output power; and

overtemperature, VSWR, and overdrive

faults. The board also provides connections

to the LCD Display for monitoring the %

Reflected Power, % Output Power, and the

power supply voltage.

U4, located upper center of page, is an in

circuit microcontroller. The controller is

operated at the frequency of 3.6864 MHz

using crystal Y1. Programming of this

device is performed through the serial

programming port J2. U4 selects the

desired analog channel of U1 through the

settings of PA0-PA3. The outputs of Port A

must be set and not changed during an

analog input read of channels PA5-PA7.

PA4 of U4 is a processor operating LED

that monitors the +/-12 VDC. PA5 is used

to monitor the +12VDC supply to the

board. PA6 is the selected channel of

analog switch U1. PA7 is connected to a

via, V10, for future access.

U6 is a serial to RS-485 driver IC. U7 is a

watchdog IC used to hold the

microprocessor in reset, if the supply

voltage is less than 4.21 VDC. U7

momentarily resets the microcontroller if

Pin 6 (!ST) is not clocked every second. A

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-22

manual reset switch is provided but

should not be needed.

Upper left corner U3 is used to determine

where the amplifier control board is

located. The eight inputs come from the

main amp connector and are used to set

the SCADA address of the controller.

Pull-up resistors set a default condition of

logic high.

U5 below U3 is used for getting digital

input information of the board. Page two

has several monitoring circuits that

provide information on the amplifier’s

status. Many of these circuits

automatically shut down the amplifier if a

specific fault occurs.

U8 below U5 is used to control four board

mounted status LEDs. A FET is turned

On to shunt current away from the LED

to turn it Off. U9 below U8 is used to

enable different features within the

software. Actual use is to be determined.

In the lower right corner are voltage

regulator circuits. U22 should allow for

0.14 amps of power using its 92 C/W

rating if Ta = 60°C max and Tj = 125°C

max 0.26 amps can be obtained from

U22 if the mounting pad is 0.5 square

inches. The controller will not need this

much current.

U23 and U24 are low drop out +5 VDC,

voltage regulators with a tolerance

greater than or equal to 1%. 100mA of

current is available from each device but

again the controller will not need this

much current.

In the upper left section are circuits with

U12 and U13. U12 is used to generate a

regulated voltage that is about 5 volts

less than the +32 VDC supply,

approximately +26.25 VDC. When the

+32 VDC supply is enabled, the circuitry

around U13B is used to provide gate

voltage to Q10 that is 5 volts greater

than the source pin of this FET. The gate

of Q10 can be turned Off by any one of a

few different circuits.

U10A is used to turn Off the gate of Q10 in

the event of high current in amplifier #1.

At 0.886 VDC the current to amplifier #1

should be greater than 5 Amps. U11B is

used to turn off the Q10 FET, if high

current is detected in amplifier #2. U11A

is used to turn off the Q10 FET, if high

current is detected in amplifier #3. With

2.257 VDC at Pin 5 of U11B or Pin 3 of

U11A, the voltage output of current sense

amplifier U17 or U18 at high current shut

down should be greater than 15 Amps.

U14B is used to turn Off the gate of Q10 in

the event of high power supply voltage,

approximately +35.4 VDC. U14A is used

to keep the FET disabled in the event of

low power supply voltage, approximately

+25.4 VDC.

Current monitoring sections of the board.

The ICs U16, U17 and U18 along with

associated components set up the current

monitoring sections of the board. R67,

R68 and R69 are 0.01Ù/5W 1% through

hole resistor is used for monitoring the

current through several sections of the

amplifier. The voltage developed across

these resistors are amplified for current

monitoring by U16, U17 or U18. The

LT1787HVCS8 precision high side current

sense IC amplifier accepts a maximum

voltage of 60 VDC. The 43.2 kÙ resistor

from pin 5 to ground sets the gain of the

amplifier to about 17.28. This value is not

set with much accuracy since the

manufacturer internally matches the

resistors of this part but their actual

resistance value is not closely defined. A

trimming resistor is suggested to give a

temperature stability of –200 ppm/C, but

instead the microcontroller will determine

the exact gain of the circuit and use a

correction factor for measurements.

Circuit loading components are located in

the lower portion of each current

monitoring circuit. These components

allow for short duration high current

loading of the supply. By measuring the

current through the sense resistor with and

without the additional four 30.1 Ù 1%

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 4, Circuit Descriptions

LX Series, Rev. 0 4-23

resistors. For very short duration pulses,

a 1206 resistor can handle up to 60

watts. The processor requires 226 uSec

per conversion. A supply voltage of +32

VDC will pass 1.06 amps + 1% through

the load resistors.

A6 is a temperature sensor thermistor

that is used to monitor the temperature

of the module's heat sink. It connects

to J6 pins 1 & 2 on the board wand is

wired to the comparator IC U10B. If the

temperature increases above 75°C the

output will go Low that is used as a

temperature fault output, which

generates a Fault alert at U15A and

disables Amplifier #1.

Aural, Visual/Average and Reflected

power detector sections of the board.

A Forward Power Sample enters the

board at SMA Jack J3 and is split. One

part connects to J4 on the board that is

cabled to J1, the SMA Forward Power

Sample Jack, located on the front panel

of the assembly. The other part of the

split forward power sample is detected by

CR17 and the DC level amplified by

U25A. The output of U25A at pin 1 is

split with one part connected to the Aural

Power sample, which is not used in this

digital transmitter. The other split output

connects to U265A that is part of the

Forward Average Power circuit. The

detected level is connected to L4 that is

part of an intercarrier notch filter circuit

that is tuned to eliminate the 4.5 MHz

aural intercarrier, if present. The

Average power sample is amplified by

U26D and connected through the

average calibration pot R166 to U26C.

The output of U26C is connected to the

comparator IC U26B that has Aural Null

and Offset Null, if present in the system,

connected to the other input. The output

Average Forward power level connects to

J9 pin 2 of the board.

A Reflected Power Sample enters the board

at SMA Jack J5 and is detected by CR20

and the DC level amplified by U28B. The

output of U28B at pin 7 is connected

through the reflected calibration pot R163

to U28C. The output is split with one part

connected to J9 pin 5, the Reflected Power

Output level of the board. The other part

of the split from U28C connects to the

comparator IC U28D that has a reference

level connected to the other input. If the

reflected level increases above the

reference level a low output is produced

and connected to the Reflected Power

Shutdown circuit at CR28. The low shuts

off Q14 causing pin 3 to go high that is

connected to the inverter U15C. The

output of U15C goes low producing a

Reflected Power Fault that is connected to

an output of the board, the Fault Alert

circuit and also shuts down Amplifier #1.

Gain of the power measurements is

completed through software. Only the

Aural Null and Offset Null need to be done

through front panel pots.

This completes the description of the Power

Amplifier Module Assembly and the

Exciter/Amplifier chassis assembly.

Bandpass Filter and Trap Filter

The output of the translator is fed to (A9) a

Bandpass Filter, (A10) an Output Trap

Filter Assembly, and finally to the Antenna

for your System. The Bandpass Filter and

Trap Filter are tuned to provide high out of

band rejection of unwanted generated

products.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 5-1

Chapter 5

Detailed Alignment Procedures

This translator was aligned at the factory

and should not require additional

adjustments to achieve normal operation.

This translator takes the On channel RF

input to the Receiver Tray and converts it

to the desired UHF On Channel RF Output

at the systems output power level.

If the (Optional) Modulator Kit is

purchased, this translator can also

operate using the baseband audio and

video inputs or, if the (Optional) 4.5-MHz

composite input kit is purchased, either a

single composite video + 4.5-MHz input

or separate baseband video and audio

inputs.

The exciter/amplifier of the Innovator LX

Series translator is of a Modular design

and when a Module fails that module

needs to be changed out with a

replacement module. The replacement

module can then be sent back to Axcera

for repair. Contact Axcera Customer

Service Department at 724-873-8100 or

fax to 724-873-8105, before sending in

any module.

Module Replacement

Module replacement on the Innovator LX

Series products is a relatively simple

process. All modules plug directly into

the backplane board except for the

power amplifier module, and in higher

power units, the power supply and

power amplifier modules, that plug into

a blind mating connector. To replace a

module, refer to the following

procedure.

Loosen the two grip lock connectors,

located on the front panel, at the top

and bottom of the module,

counterclockwise until the module

releases. The IF Processor, Upconverter

and Controller/Power Supply can then

be gently pulled from the unit. There

are two cables connected to the rear of

the Power Amplifier Module in the

exciter/amplifier chassis assembly.

These two cables must first be removed

before the PA module will slide out.

Slide the new module in place and make

certain it connects to the backplane

board. If the new module is a PA

Module replace the two cables on the

rear of the exciter/amplifier chassis

assembly. If the new module does not

slide in easily, verify it is properly

aligned in the nylon tracks both top and

bottom.

Note: Each Module has an assigned slot

and will not fit properly in the incorrect

slot. Do not try to place a Module in the

wrong slot as this may damage the slot

or the connectors on the backplane

board.

Each module has the name of the

module on the front, bottom for

identification and correct placement.

The Modules are placed in the unit from

left to right; (1) Blank panel, (2)

Modulator (for transmitters) or a Blank

panel for a Translator, (3) IF Processor,

(4) Upconverter, (5) Controller/Power

Supply and (6) Power Amplifier.

Initial Test Set Up

Check that the RF output at the coupler

is terminated into a dummy load of at

least 100 watts. While performing the

alignment, refer to the Test Data Sheet

for the translator and compare the final

readings from the factory with the

readings on each of the modules or tray.

The readings should be very similar. If a

reading is way off, the problem is likely

to be in that module or tray.

Switch On both the main AC for the

system and the ON/OFF circuit breaker

located on the rear of the Receiver Tray.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 5-2

5.1 UHF/VHF Receiver Tray.

(1142479 or 1265-1100)

Connect a UHF or VHF Input that is at the

desired Channel Frequency, to J1 50Ω or

J5 75Ω located on the rear of the (A7)

VHF/UHF Receiver Tray. Check that the

On/Off Switch located on the rear of the

Tray is On.

Note: If the Red LED, DS1 is lit, +12

VDC is present at the input of the

Receiver Tray and may damage any test

equipment connected to it. Remove the

fuse F1, DS1 will not be lit, before

connecting test equipment to the input

jack of the Receiver Tray.

5.1.1 (A7) UHF Filter, DC

Multiplexed (1035-1204, 50

ΩΩ

1035-1207, 75

ΩΩ

), VHF Filter, LB, DC

Multiplexed (1035-1902, 50

ΩΩ

1035-1903, 75

ΩΩ

) or VHF Filter, HB,

DC Multiplexed (2065-1024, 50

ΩΩ

2065-1023, 75

ΩΩ

)

The input UHF or VHF signal (-61 dBm to

-16 dBm) is fed to the filter which has

been factory swept for 6 MHz Bandwidth

at the Channel frequency and should not

be tuned in the field. The output of the

filter is directed to the J1 input of (A8)

the Dual Stage Amplifier Assembly.

5.1.2 (A8-A1) Dual Stage Amplifier

Board (1227-1501)

Mounted in: (A8) a Dual Stage Amplifier

Assembly (1227-1503).

The Dual Stage Amplifier Board has been

factory set to the channel frequency and

contains no customer tuning

adjustments. The board has

approximately +13 dB or +26 dB of gain,

depending on whether Jumper W1 on J5

is in place.

5.1.3 (A9) UHF Filter (1007-1101),

VHF LB Filter (1034-1202) or VHF

HB Filter (2065-1000)

The UHF or VHF Filter has been factory

swept for 6 MHz Bandwidth at the

Channel Frequency and should not be

tuned in the field. The output of the filter

(-50 dBm to -5 dBm) is fed either

through the additional amplifier stage on

the Variable Gain Amplifier Board or to

(A10-A1) the Downconverter/Filter

Board.

5.1.4 (A4) Channel Oscillator

Assembly, Dual Oven (1145-1202)

Contains: The Channel Oscillator Board,

Dual Oven (1145-1201).

1. Connect the main output of the

Channel Oscillator (J1) to a

spectrum analyzer, adjusted to

view the crystal frequency.

Peak the tuning capacitors C6 and

C18 for maximum output. Then

tune L2 and L4 for maximum

output. The output level should

be approximately +5 dBm and the

Oven Temperature should be

maintained at 50°C.

If a spectrum analyzer is not

available, connect a DVM to TP1

on the x8, x4 or x2 Multiplier

Board. Tune capacitors C6 and

C18 for maximum voltage at TP1.

Then tune L2 and L4 for maximum

voltage at TP1.

2. Connect the sample output of the

Channel Oscillator at J2 to a

suitable counter and tune C11,

Coarse Adjust, and C9, Fine

Adjust, to the crystal frequency.

Do not re-peak C6, C18, L2 or L4

because this may change the

output frequency.

Note: While adjusting C9 and C11 to the

crystal frequency the peak voltage

monitored at TP1 of the Multiplier

Board should not decrease. If a

decrease does occur a problem

with the crystal is likely.

3. Reconnect the main output at J1

of the Channel Oscillator to the

Input Jack J1 of the Multiplier

Board.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 5-3

Note: If the Optional Frequency

Correction Kit is purchased a VCXO

Assembly (1145-1206), containing

a VCXO Board (1145-1204), will be

used instead of the standard

Channel Oscillator Board. The

adjustment will be the same as

above except that the frequency is

adjusted by moving the Jumper

W1 on Jack J6, located on the IF

PLL Board (1109-1002), to Pins 2

& 3, Fixed Bias, and adjusting R15

on the IF PLL Board for -3 VDC at

FL2 of the VCXO Assembly. Move

the Jumper W1 on Jack J6 to

between Pins 1 & 2, AFC. Connect

the Oscillator Sample output, at

(J2) of the Channel Oscillator or

the Front Panel Sample Jack (J9),

to a suitable Frequency Counter

and tune C11, Coarse Adjust, to

the desired frequency. Do not

re-peak C6, C18, L2 or L4 because

it may change the output

frequency.

Reconnect the main output (J1) of

the Channel Oscillator (+5 dBm) to

the input (J1) of the Multiplier

Board. DS1 the Red Unlock

Indicator, located on the IF PLL

Board, should not be lit.

5.1.5 (A5-A1) x8 Multiplier Board

(1227-1002), x4 Multiplier Board

(1227-1525) or x2 Multiplier Board

(1227-1524)

Mounted in (A5) a Multiplier Enclosure

(1265-1125).

During Normal operation, the Green LED

DS1, which can be seen through the

access hole in the Enclosure Assembly,

will be lit to indicate that the L.O. is

present at the output of the x8 Multiplier

Board.

1. Connect a Spectrum Analyzer to

the Output Jack (J2) of the board.

2. Tune C4, C6, C10, C12, C18 and

C20 on the x8 and the appropriate

caps on the other boards for

maximum output. Readjust all the

Capacitors to minimize the

seventh and the ninth harmonics,

they should be at least -30 dB

down, without affecting the x8

Multiplier Output.

If a Spectrum Analyzer is not available a

DC voltmeter can be used as follows but

the harmonic frequencies must be

minimized to prevent interference with

other Channels.

1. While Monitoring each Test Point

with a DC voltmeter, maximize the

voltage by tuning the Broadband

Multipliers in the following

sequence.

2. For x8 Multiplier Board: Monitor

TP1 with a DVM and tune C4 for

maximum. (Typical .6 VDC)

Monitor TP2 and tune C6 and C10

for maximum. (Typical 1.2 VDC)

Monitor TP3 and tune C12 and C18

for maximum. (Typical 2 VDC)

Monitor TP4 and tune C20 for

maximum. Re-peak C12 and C10

while monitoring TP4. (Typical 3.5

VDC)

For x4 Multiplier: Monitor TP1 with

a DVM and tune C4 for maximum.

(Typical .6 VDC)

Monitor TP2 and tune C6 and C10

for maximum. (Typical 1.2 VDC)

Monitor TP3 and tune C12 for

maximum. Re-peak C12 and C10

while monitoring TP3. (Typical 2

VDC) For x2 Multiplier: Monitor

TP1 with a DVM and tune C4 for

maximum. (Typical .6 VDC)

Monitor TP2 and tune C6 for

maximum. Re-peak C4 and C6

while monitoring TP2. (Typical 1.2

VDC)

The Green LED DS1 should be lit which

indicates that the L.O. is present at the

Output Jack J2 of the Multiplier Board.

The output of the Multiplier at J2 is

connected to (A6) a UHF or VHF Filter.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 5-4

5.1.6 (A6) UHF Filter (1007-1101),

VHF LB Filter (1034-1211) or VHF

HB Filter (2065-1000)

This filter has been factory swept at the

L.O. frequency and should not be tuned

without proper equipment. The output of

the filter (+15 dBm) is connected to J2

on (A10) the Downconverter/Filter

Assembly.

5.1.7 (A10-A1) Downconverter/

Amplifier Board (1227-1502)

Mounted in: The (A10)

Downconverter/Amplifier Assembly

(1227-1505).

The Mixer contains no adjustments and

has a L.O. input of approximately +12

dBm in level applied to J2 and a -47 dBm

to -2 dBm RF input applied to J1. The

output IF level at J3 will be -55 dBm to

-10 dBm.

1. Connect a Spectrum Analyzer to

the Output Jack J3 and adjust L1,

C2 and L3 for best frequency

response.

2. Adjust C8 and R3 to notch out the

Aural IF Frequency.

The IF output at J3 (-55 dBm to -10

dBm) is fed to the IF Filter/ALC Board. If

needed a 10 dB Pad can be added to the

circuit by moving the jumpers on J4 and

J5 to the In position.

5.1.8 (A11-A1) IF Filter/ALC Board

(1227-1504) Mounted in: The (A11)

IF Filter/ALC Enclosure (1265-

1105).

1. Check that Switch S1, located on

the IF Filter/ALC Board, is in the Auto

ALC and that the output of the Board at

J2 is approximately 0 dBm Output, adjust

R23 if needed.

5.1.9 (A11-A2) (Optional) SAW

Filter/Amplifier Board (1035-1211)

Mounted in: The (A11) IF Filter/ALC

Enclosure (1265-1105).

This board is used for additional adjacent

Channel rejection only if needed and may

not be part of the Tray.

The board contains no tuning

adjustments. The Jumpers W1 and W2

on J4 and J5 are placed for Attenuator In

or Attenuator Out as needed to give the

same output level at J2 as was at J1.

5.1.10 (A2) ±12V Power Supply

Board (1092-1206)

This board contains no adjustments.

Note: If the (Optional) Frequency

Corrector Kit is part of the tray, perform

the following adjustments. If the

Frequency Corrector Kit is not part of the

tray, the tray is aligned and ready for

normal operation.

5.1.11 (A15) (Optional) IF Carrier

Oscillator Board (1100-1206)

1. Monitor J3 with a Spectrum

Analyzer and observe the 38.9

MHz Visual IF signal at +5 dBm.

2. Connect a Frequency Counter to J2

on the board or to J9 on the Front

Panel and adjust C17 for 38.9

MHz.

3. Connect a Frequency Counter to J1

and check for the 50 kHz signal.

Adjust C17, if needed, to attain

the 50 kHz frequency. Remove

the Jack on J5. DS2 the Unlock

Indicator should light. Replace the

Jack onto J5.

5.1.12 (A13) (Optional) IF Filter/

Limiter Board (1109-1001)

1. Monitor the Aural Notch Test

Output of the board at J5 and

move the Jumper W1 on Jack J4 to

between Pins 2 & 3, Test Position.

Adjust C17 to the Aural IF

Frequency, then adjust R10 to

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 5-5

eliminate or minimize the Aural IF

signal. Move the Jumper W1 on

Jack J4 back to between Pins 1 &

2, Operate Position.

2. Monitor the IF CW Output of the

board at J6 with an Oscilloscope

and adjust R12 and C21 for

maximum Video Signal or connect

a Spectrum Analyzer, in Zero

Span, to J6 and adjust R12 and

C21 for Minimum Video Signal

amplitude ripple on the displayed

signal.

3. Adjust R15 for +3 dBm or

Maximum output level if +3 dBm

cannot be attained.

5.1.13 (A14) (Optional) IF PLL

Board (1109-1002)

Check that the Red LED DS1, Unlock

Indicator, located on the board is not lit.

If DS1 is lit, follow the alignment

procedure for setting up the VCXO

Channel Oscillator using R9 on the IF PLL

Board to set up the AFC Voltage for the

Frequency of the VCXO. If it is still lit,

check the 50 kHz reference output of the

(A15) IF Carrier Oven Oscillator. If

needed, follow the alignment procedure

for the IF Carrier Oven Oscillator Board.

5.1.14 (A16) (Optional) IF

Amplifier Board, High Gain (1197-

1126)

This board contains no customer

adjustments. The amplified IF output

from the IF Filter/ALC Board connects to

the IF Filter Limiter Board.

The Receiver Tray is now set up and

ready for normal operation.

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 5-6

5.2 Innovator LX Series

Exciter/Amplifier Chassis Assembly

The exciter/amplifier chassis assembly

operates using an external IF input from

an external receiver tray. The IF source

connects to J6, the modulated IF Input

jack, on the rear of the chassis assembly,

which is cabled to the IF Processor

Module.

On the LCD Display, located on the

Controller/Power Supply Module, push

the button to switch the translator to

Operate. The setup of the RF output

includes adjustments to the drive level of

the Power Amplifier, the adjustment of

the linearity and phase predistortion to

compensate for any nonlinear response

of the Power Amplifier on the front panel

of the IF Processor module.

Verify that all red LEDs located on the IF

Processor front panel are extinguished.

The following details the meaning of each

LED when illuminated:

• DS1 (input fault) – Indicates that

either abnormally low or no IF is

present at the input of the module.

• DS2 (ALC fault) – Indicates that the

ALC circuit is unable to maintain the

signal level requested by the ALC

reference. This is normally due to

excessive attenuation in the linearity

signal path or the IF phase corrector

signal path, or that switch SW1 is in

the Manual ALC Gain position.

• DS4 (Mute) – Indicates that a Mute

command is present to the system.

Switch the translator to Standby. The

ALC is muted when the translator is in

Standby. To monitor the ALC, preset R3,

manual gain adjust, on the front panel of

the Upconverter module, fully CCW.

Move switch SW1, Auto/Man AGC, on the

front panel of the Upconverter module, to

the Manual position. Place the translator

in Operate. Adjust the ALC GAIN pot on

the front panel of the IF Processor to

obtain +0.8 VDC on the LCD Display on

the Controller/Power Supply in the ALC

screen. Move the MAN/AUTO ALC switch

back to Auto, which is the normal

operating position.

To adjust the AGC Cutback setting, raise

the output power of the translator to

110%. Adjust R2, AGC Cutback, located

on the front panel, CCW until the LED

DS1, AGC Cutback, just starts to flash.

Return the output power of the translator

to 100%.

5.2.1 Linearity Correction

Adjustment

As shipped, the exciter was preset to

include amplitude and phase pre-

distortion. The pre-distortion was

adjusted to approximately compensate

the corresponding non-linear distortions

of the Power Amplifier.

NOTE: On the IF processor board inside

the module the correction enable/disable

jumper W12 on J30 will be in the Enable

position, on pins 2 & 3.

Set up a spectrum analyzer with 100 kHz

resolution bandwidth and 100 kHz video

bandwidth to monitor the

intermodulation products of the RF

output signal of the Power Amplifier. A

typical red field spectrum is shown in

Figure 5-1. There are three Linearity

Corrector stage adjustments located on

the front panel of the IF Processor

Module. The adjustments are threshold

settings that are adjusted as needed to

correct for any amplitude or phase

intermod problems. Adjust the top

linearity correction adjustment R211

threshold cut in for the in phase

amplitude distortion pre-correction that is

needed. Next adjust the middle linearity

correction adjustment R216 threshold cut

in also for the in phase amplitude

distortion pre-correction that is needed.

Finally adjust the bottom linearity

correction adjustment R231 threshold cut

in for the quadrature phase distortion

pre-correction that is needed. The above

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 5-7

pots are adjusted for the greatest

separation between the peak visual carrier and the intermod products.

Figure 5-1. Typical Red Field Spectrum

5.2.2 Frequency Response Delay

Equalization Adjustment

The procedure for performing a

frequency response delay equalization

adjustment for the translator is described

in the following steps:

The center frequency for the first stage is

46.5 MHz. Adjust R103, the top

frequency response equalizer pot, located

on the front panel of the IF Processor

Module, for the best depth of frequency

response correction at 46.5 MHz.

The center frequency for the second

stage is 41.5 MHz. Adjust R106, the

middle frequency response equalizer pot,

located on the front panel of the IF

Processor Module, for the best depth of

frequency response correction at 41.5

MHz.

The center frequency for the second

stage is 44 MHz. Adjust R274, the

bottom frequency response equalizer pot,

located on the front panel of the IF

Processor Module, for the best depth of

frequency response correction at 44 MHz.

After the three delay attenuation

equalizers have been adjusted, fine tune,

as needed, for the best frequency

response across the channel.

5.2.3 Calibration of Output Power

and Reflected Power of the

translator

Note: Perform the following

procedure only if the power

calibration is suspect.

Switch the transmitter to Standby and

preset R205, the aural null pot on the

Amp Control board, fully CCW. Adjust

R204, the null offset pot on the Amp

Control board, for 0% visual output.

Perform the following adjustments with

no aural present by removing the aural

carrier from the test modulator. Connect

a sync and black test signal to the video

input jack of the test modulator. Switch

the transmitter to Operate.

Next, set up the transmitter for the

appropriate average output power level:

• Sync + black 0 IRE

setup/wattmeter=59.5 watts

• Sync + black 7.5 IRE

setup/wattmeter=54.5 watts

Note: The transmitter must have 40

IRE units of sync.

Adjust R202, visual calibration, on the

Amp Control board for 100% on the front

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 5-8

panel display in the % Visual Output

position.

With the spectrum analyzer set to zero

span mode, obtain a peak reference on

the screen. Reconnect the aural carrier

from the test modulator. Turn the power

adjust pot on the front panel until the

original peak reference level is attained.

Adjust R203 for a 100% aural power

reading. Switch to the Visual Output

Power position and adjust R205 (aural

null pot) for 100% visual power.

To calibrate the reflected output power

reading of the translator. Reduce manual

gain pot R3 to a 10% reading on the LCD

front panel display in the % Output

Power position. Place the translator in

Standby. Remove the load from J4 on

the (A4) Direction Coupler Board and

switch the LCD Display screen to the

Reflected Output Power position. Switch

the translator to operate. Adjust the

reflected power calibration adjust pot

R163 on the power amplifier module to a

10% reading. Reconnect the load to J4.

After this calibration is completed, move

switch SW1 on the upconverter module

to the Automatic AGC position. This is

the normal operating position for the

switch.

The Translator is now aligned, calibrated,

and ready for normal operation.

This completes the detailed alignment

procedures for the Innovator LX Series

translator.

If a problem occurred during the

alignment, help can be found by calling

Axcera field support at 724-873-8100.

5.3 Alignment Procedure for the

Bandpass Filter Assembly

The Bandpass Filter Assembly is tuned to

reject unwanted distortion products

generated when the signals are diplexed

and also during the amplification process.

The Bandpass Filter is factory tuned to

the proper bandwidth and should not

need tuned. If you think tuning is

needed consult ITS Corp. Field Support

Department before beginning.

The Traps are labeled with their Center

Frequency relative to the Frequency of

the Carrier. (For Example: The Traps

labeled -4.5 MHz are tuned for a Center

Frequency of 4.5 MHz Lower than the

Frequency of the Visual Carrier.)

The Trap Sections are Reflective Notches,

adjustable across the entire UHF

Frequency Band. The electrical length of

the Outer Sleeve and the Center Rod of

the Notch can be adjusted to Tune the

Notch Frequency. The Depth of the

Notch is set by the gap between the

Center Conductor of the Trap Section and

the Center Conductor of the Main Line.

Tight Coupling makes a Deep Notch,

while Loose Coupling makes a Shallow

Notch.

The Trap Sections have been factory

tuned and should not need major

adjustments. The Frequency, relative to

Visual Carrier, that the Trap is tuned to is

marked on the Notch. Fine Tuning of the

Notches Center Frequency can be

accomplished with the Tuning Bolts

located on the side of the Filter Section.

Loosen the nut locking the Bolt in place

and adjust the Bolt to change the

Frequency of the Notch. Monitor the

output of the Transmitter with a

Spectrum Analyzer and Null the

Distortion Product with the Bolt. Red

Field is a good Video Test Signal to use to

see the +8.08 MHz Product. Tighten the

nut when the tuning is completed. Hold

the bolt in place with a screwdriver as

the nut is tightened to prevent it from

slipping.

For major tuning, such as changing the

Notch Depth or moving the Notch

Frequency more than 1 MHz, the Outer

Conductor and the Center Conductor of

the Trap Section must both be moved.

This requires an RF Sweep Generator to

Analog UHF Driver/Translator Chapter 5, Detailed Alignment Procedures

LX Series, Rev. 0 5-9

accomplish. Apply the Sweep signal to

the Input of the Trap Filter and monitor

the Output. Loosen the Clamp holding

the Outer Conductor in place and make

the length longer to Lower the frequency

of the Notch or shorter to Raise the

frequency of the Notch. Loosen the

Center Conductor with an Allen Wrench

and move it Deeper for a Lower

Frequency Notch or out for a Higher

Frequency Notch. These adjustments

must both be made to change the Notch

Frequency. Moving only the Center

Conductor or the Outer Conductor will

effect the Notch Depth in addition to the

Center Frequency. The variable that is

being adjusted with this procedure is the

length of the Center Conductor inside the

Trap Filter. The gap between the Trap

and the Main Line should not be changed.

Moving only the Inner or the Outer

Conductors by itself will effect the Gap

and the Notch depth.

To effect the Notch Depth Only, both

sections will have to be moved. The

Notch Depth is controlled by the Gap

between the Center Conductor and the

Trap Section. This Gap also has an effect

on the Center Frequency. To Deepen the

Notch, Shorten the Outer Conductor and

pull the Center Conductor Out until the

Notch is back in the same place. Move

the Sections in the opposite direction to

make a Shallow Notch.

After tuning has been completed, tighten

the Clamp and the Allen Screws which

hold the Conductors. Use the Fine

Tuning Bolts to bring the Frequency In.

The Final Tuning Adjustments should be

completed with the Transmitter driving

the Output Trap Filter for at least one

hour to allow for warm-up drift.

This completes the Alignment Procedure

for the Bandpass Filter Assembly.

APPENDIX A

SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS

Innovator LX (Preliminary)

Low Power Transmitter 10W-6kW

Designed to provide broadcasters with a product that will meet their needs like

no other solution on the market, this new low to medium power transmitter

line uses the latest LDMOS devices for broadband operation across the entire

UHF band. This allows users to minimize spare parts stock, which is especially

important to group owners and networks, and also enables simple and

inexpensive channel changes.

The very compact and completely modular design uses a chassis/backplane

conguration with parallel amplier and power supply modules that can be

removed and replaced while the transmitter is on the air. Additionally, the

Innovator LX series was designed to be eld upgradable to digital operation.

Congurations are available in power levels from 10 watts to 6 kilowatts

analog and up to 3 kilowatts DTV, and all are manufactured in the USA by

Axcera - The RF Experts.

Speci cations published here are current as of the date of publication of this document. Because we are continuously improving our products, Axcera reserves the right to

change speci cations without prior notice. At any time, you may verify product speci cations by contacting our of ce. Axcera views it’s patent portfolio as an important

corporate asset and vigorously enforces its patents. Products or features contained herein may be covered by one or more U.S. or foreign patents.

Visual Performance

Frequency Range 470 to 806 MHz

Carrier Stability (Transmitters)

Standard ±1 kHz

Optional ±350 Hz

w/PFC ±1Hz

Frequency Translation Stability (Translators)

Standard ±1 kHz

Optional ±350 Hz

w/PFC ±1Hz

Regulation of RF Output Power 3%

Output Variation (Over 1 Frame) 2%

Sideband Response

-1.25 MHz and below -20 dB

-0.75 to -0.5 MHz +0.5 db, -2 dB

-0.5 to +3.58 MHz ±0.5 dB

+3.58 MHz to +4.18 MHz +0.5, -1.0 dB

Freq Response vs. Brightness ±0.5 dB

Visual Modulation Capability 1%

Differential Gain 5%

Incidental Phase Modulation ±3°

Linearity (Low Frequency) 5%

Aural Performance

Frequency Deviation Capability ±75 kHz

(Transmitters)

Distortion 0.5%

FM Noise -60 dB

AM Noise -55 dB

Aural to Visual Separation 4.5 MHz

± 100Hz

Composite Audio Input (Multi-channel sound)

(Transmitters)

Input Level 1V peak,

nominal

Input Impedance 75 ohms,

unbalanced

Frequency Range

±0.1 dB response 50 Hz to 50 kHz

±0.5 dB response 30 Hz to 120 kHz

Monaural Audio Input (Transmitters)

Input Level 0 to +10 dBm

Input 600 ohms,

balanced

Freq Range (±0.5 dB resp.) 30 Hz to 15 kHz

Pre-emphasis 75µs

Subcarrier Input (Transmitters)

Input Level 1V peak,

nominal

Input Impedance 75 ohms,

unbalanced

Freq Range (±0.5 dB resp.) 20 kHz to

120 kHz

Innovator LX (Preliminary)

Low Power Transmitter 10W - 6kW

Visual Performance (continued)

Differential Phase ±3°

Signal-to-Noise Ratio 55 dB

2t K-Factor 2%

Noise Factor (Translators) 5 dB (Max)

w/Input Preamp 3 dB (Max)

Input Dynamic Range (Translators) -60 dB to

-15 dBm

w/Input Preamp -75 dBm

to -30 dBm

Env. Delay (Transmitters) Per FCC Standard

Video Input (Transmitters) 75 ohms

(Loop through)

Harmonics -60 dB or better

Intermodulation Products -52 dB or better

Spurious (›3 MHz from channel edge)

100W and lower -50dB or better

Greater than 100W -60dB or better

General

Model Number* LU10Ax LU100Ax LU250Ax LU500Ax LU1000Ax LU2000Ax LU3000Ax LU4000Ax LU5000Ax LU6000Ax

Power Output (Watts)

Visual (Peak) 10 100 250 500 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

Aural (Avg.) 1 10 25 50 100 200 300 400 500 600

Output Connector N N 7/8” EIA 7/8” EIA 7/8” EIA 7/8” EIA 31/8” EIA 31/8” EIA 31/8” EIA 31/8” EIA

Power Consumption (Watts) 250 675 1100 1900 3500 6700 10,250 13,500 16,700 19,900

Input Power

Line Voltage (Volts) 117/230 ±10% 230 ± 10%

Power Requirements Single Phase, 50 or 60 Hz

Size (H x W x D) 8.75”x19”x23” 55”x22”x34” 76”x22”x34” 76”x44”x34”

(Chassis Only)

Weight (lbs.) 45 45 340 360 400 550 700 1030 1180 1330

Operational Temperature Range 0 to +50°, derate 2°C/1000 ft.

Maximum Altitude3 8500 feet (2600m) AMSL

Operational Humidity Range 0% to 95% non-condensing

RF Load Impedance 50 Ω

* For transmitters use “T” suf x, translators use “L” suf x (ex. LU100AT - 100W Transmitter)

APPENDIX B

SAMPLE LOG SHEET

10-100W UHF Translator Appendix B, Sample Log Report Sheet

LU1000AL, Rev. 0 A-1

UHF Exciter

ALC (0 to 1 V) = ___________________V % Aural Power (0 to 120) = __________%

% Reflected (0 to 120) = ____________%

% Visual Power (0 to 120) = _________%

Date __________________

Customer Name ______________________________ Call Letters ________________

Technician ___________________________________________

APPENDIX C

SUBASSEMBLY DRAWINGS AND PARTS LISTS

UHF Driver/Translator Appendix C, Drawings and Parts Lists

LX Series, UHF Translator, Rev. 0 C-1

Innovator LX UHF Translator System .......................................................1303268

100 Watt Exciter Block Diagram..............................................................1302139

System Block Diagram...........................................................................1303374

System Interconnect............................................................................1303375

Chassis Assembly, Exciter, Innovator LX Series........................................1301914

Interconnect ......................................................................................1303108

Backplane Board, Innovator LX Series......................................................1301941

Schematic ....................................................................................1301995

IF Processor Assembly ...........................................................................1301938

IF Processor Board .........................................................................1301977

Schematic ....................................................................................1301983

Upconverter Assembly, Analog................................................................1301930

Interconnect .....................................................................................1302060

Front Panel LED Display Board ................................................................1303033

Schematic ....................................................................................1303035

UHF Filter...................................................................................................... 1007-

1101

Schematic .................................................................................1007-3101

UHF Generator Board ........................................................................1585-1265

Schematic .................................................................................1585-3265

L.O./Upconverter Assembly....................................................................1303039

Contains a L.O./Upconverter Board (1302132).

L.O./Upconverter Board ........................................................................1302132

Schematic ....................................................................................1302134

Control/Power Supply Assembly .............................................................1301936

Interconnect ......................................................................................1302062

Control Board......................................................................................1302021

Schematic ....................................................................................1302023

Power Protection Board.........................................................................1302837

Schematic ....................................................................................1302839

Switch Board ...................................................................................1527-1406

Schematic .................................................................................1527-3406

Power Amplifier Assembly, Exciter, 100 Watt Transmitter..........................1301923

Interconnect ......................................................................................1302061

Coupler Board Assembly ........................................................................1301949

Schematic ....................................................................................1303152

Amplifier Control Board..........................................................................1301962

Schematic ....................................................................................1301964

1 Watt Module Assembly............................................................................1302891

Contains a 1 Watt UHF Amplifier Board (1302761).

UHF Driver/Translator Appendix C, Drawings and Parts Lists

LX Series, UHF Translator, Rev. 0 C-2

1 Watt UHF Amplifier Board.........................................................................1302761

Schematic ....................................................................................1302762

TFS 40W UHF Module, Tested.....................................................................1206693

Made from a TFS 40W UHF Module, Stork (51-5379-308-00).

TFS 40W UHF Module, Stork .......................................................51-5379-308-00

Schematic ..................................................................51-5379-308-00 WSP

RF Module Pallet, Philips.............................................................................1300116

Made from a RF Module Pallet w/o Transistors (1152336).

RF Module Pallet w/o Transistors ............................................................1152336

Schematic ..................................................................51-5379-309-00 WSP

UHF/VHF Receiver Tray.......................................................................1265-1100

Block Diagram..................................................................................1265-3100

Interconnect ...................................................................................1265-8100

VHF Channel Filter, Low Band

Schematic ..............................................................................1034-3202

VHF L.O. Filter, Low Band

Schematic ..............................................................................1034-3211

±12V(3A) Power Supply Board

Schematic ..............................................................................1092-3206

Channel Oscillator Board, Dual Oven

Schematic ..............................................................................1145-3201

Dual Stage Amplifier

Schematic ..............................................................................1227-3501

Downconverter Amplifier Board

Schematic ..............................................................................1227-3502

IF Filter/ALC Board

Schematic ..............................................................................1227-3504

x2 Multiplier Board

Schematic ..............................................................................1227-3524

UBS Axcera LU1000AL 1000-Watt UHF Translator User Manual Driver

UBS-Axcera 1000-Watt UHF Translator Driver

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