Urban Canyon Flight UC10X skyBeacon UAT Transponder User Manual UC10x Installation Manual

Urban Canyon Flight Inc skyBeacon UAT Transponder UC10x Installation Manual

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User Manual

UC10x Installation

Manual

UC100, UC101, UC102 and UC103

145 E Jewett Blvd STE 301

White Salmon, WA 98672

p. 509-493-XXXX

info@ucflight.com

www.ucflight.com

DRAFT

UC10x Installation Manual

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Contact Information

Urban Canyon Flight, Inc.

145 E Jewett Blvd STE 301

White Salmon, WA 98672 U.S.A.

Phone: (509) 493-XXXX - 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM (Pacific Time) Monday – Friday

Urban Canyon Flight Technical Support available 7:00 AM – 4:00 PM (Pacific Time) Monday – Friday

info@ucflight.com

transmitted, disseminated or stored in any storage medium, for any purpose without the express written

permission of Urban Canyon Flight Inc (“UCF”). UCF hereby grants permission to download a single copy of this

manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium to be viewed for

personal use, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual or revision must contain the complete

text of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or

any revision hereto is strictly prohibited. UCF reserves the right to revoke this permission at any time without

cause, at which point the original manual and all electronic or hardcopies must be permanently deleted.

Information in this document is subject to change without notice. UCF reserves the right to change or improve its

products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or organization of such

changes. Visit the UCF website (www.ucflight.com) for current updates and supplemental information concerning

the use and operation of this and other UCF products.

To report misuse of this copyright or any other breach, please contact us using the information above or email us

at legal@ucflight.com.

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Table of Contents 
DOCUMENT ............................................................................................................................................... 8 
1 REVISION HISTORY ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 
2 PRODUCT DOCUMENTS ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 
LIMITED WARRANTY ............................................................................................................................... 9 
1 UNPACK AND INSPECT BEFORE USE ................................................................................................................................. 9 
2 DO NOT DISASSEMBLE .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 
SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT..................................................................................................... 10 
SAFETY AND SECURITY ......................................................................................................................... 11 
1 FOR YOUR SAFETY ............................................................................................................................................................... 11 
2 SAFE EXPOSURE LIMITS ..................................................................................................................................................... 11 
3 USE ONLY PROVIDED AND/OR RECOMMENDED CABLES & ACCESSORIES ............................................................... 11 
4 LICENSING ............................................................................................................................................................................ 11 
5 PROFESSIONAL INSTALLATION DISCLAIMER ................................................................................................................. 11 
6 DESIGN APPROVAL ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 
7 INSTALLATION APPROVAL ................................................................................................................................................. 12 
FCC CERTIFICATION AND COMPLIANCE ......................................................................................... 13 
1 FCC ID .................................................................................................................................................................................. 13 
2 FCC RADIATION EXPOSURE STATEMENTS .................................................................................................................... 13 
3 FCC INTERFERENCE STATEMENTS .................................................................................................................................. 13 
4 FCC OEM LABELING REQUIREMENTS FOR END-PRODUCT ..................................................................................... 14 
5 FCC OEM END-PRODUCT USER MANUAL STATEMENTS........................................................................................... 14 
6 FCC-COMPLIANT ANTENNA & CABLE ........................................................................................................................... 14 
7 PRODUCT LABEL .................................................................................................................................................................. 15 
8 ELECTRONIC LABELING (E-LABEL) ................................................................................................................................. 19 
REGULATORY & TECHNICAL OVERVIEW ........................................................................................ 23 
1 UC100 TRAFFIC AWARENESS BEACON SYSTEM (TABS) ............................................................................................. 23 
2 UC101 MODE C TRANSPONDER ...................................................................................................................................... 24 
3 UC102 MODE C TRANSPONDER WITH ADS-B OUT .................................................................................................... 25 
4 UC103 MODE S TRANSPONDER WITH ADS-B OUT ..................................................................................................... 26 
5 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALIFICATION FORM ..................................................................................................................... 27 
GENERAL INFORMATION .................................................................................................................... 29 
1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................................................... 29 
2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................................... 29 
3 TECHNICAL STANDARD ORDER (TSO) APPROVALS ..................................................................................................... 29 
4 FAA NEXTGEN / 2020 MANDATE .................................................................................................................................. 30 
5 INCOMPLETE SYSTEM ......................................................................................................................................................... 31 
6 NON-TSO FUNCTIONS ....................................................................................................................................................... 31 

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EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................ 33 
1 SYSTEMS OVERVIEW AND PLANNING ............................................................................................................................. 33 
2 INPUT AND OUTPUT INTERFACES .................................................................................................................................... 34 
3 GPS/GNSS INPUT .............................................................................................................................................................. 36 
4 ALTITUDE INPUT ................................................................................................................................................................. 38 
5 RF SUPPRESSION BI-DIRECTIONAL BUS ......................................................................................................................... 38 
6 AUTOMATIC AIR/GROUND DETERMINATION .............................................................................................................. 38 
7 ANTENNA PORT ................................................................................................................................................................... 38 
SUPPORTED REGISTERS AND PARAMETERS .................................................................................. 39 
1 MODE S.................................................................................................................................................................................. 39 
2 ADS-B ................................................................................................................................................................................... 41 
ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS .......................................................................................................... 43 
1 POWER / DATA CONNECTOR PINOUT & DESCRIPTIONS ............................................................................................ 44 
2 BASIC INTERCONNECT DIAGRAM – WITH OPTIONS .................................................................................................... 46 
3 BASIC INTERCONNECT DIAGRAM – MINIMUM CONNECTIONS .................................................................................. 47 
EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION .......................................................................................................... 49 
1 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................................................................. 49 
2 UNIT AND ACCESSORIES SUPPLIED .................................................................................................................................. 50 
3 UC10X INSTALLATION ....................................................................................................................................................... 51 
4 ANTENNA & ANTENNA CABLE INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................ 52 
INSTALLATION SETUP AND TEST .................................................................................................. 57 
2 TEST AND CALIBRATION ITEMS ........................................................................................................................................ 58 
3 CALIBRATION EQUIPMENT ................................................................................................................................................ 59 
4 POST INSTALLATION CHECKOUT AND OPERATION ..................................................................................................... 59 
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS ................................................................ 61 
1 SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................................................. 61 
2 SERVICE LIFE ........................................................................................................................................................................ 61 
3 REPAIRABILITY ..................................................................................................................................................................... 61 
4 FIELD FIRMWARE UPDATES .............................................................................................................................................. 61 
5 ADS-B ................................................................................................................................................................................... 61 
REFERENCED & IMPORTANT DOCUMENTS ............................................................................... 63 
ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................................................... 68 

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List of Figures 
Figure 1.  UC10x Product Labels (SCALE 2:1) ........................................................................................................... 15 
Figure 2.  UC10x Product Label Mechanical Drawing (SCALE 2:1) ....................................................................... 16 
Figure 3.  UC10x Mechanical Drawing with Label Location (SCALE 1:1) ............................................................ 17 
Figure 4.  FCC Part 15 Declaration of Conformity – Location on 4 x 3 x 1” Product Box ................................ 18 
Figure 5.  FCC Part 15 Declaration of Conformity – Language on Product Box ................................................. 18 
Figure 6.  Example Electronic Label for Model Number UC100 ............................................................................ 19 
Figure 7.  Example Electronic Label for Model Number UC101 ............................................................................ 20 
Figure 8.  Example Electronic Label for Model Number UC102 ............................................................................ 20 
Figure 9.  Example Electronic Label for Model Number UC103 ............................................................................ 21 
Figure 10.  System-Level Block Diagram ...................................................................................................................... 33 
Figure 11.  Alternate System-Level Block Diagram .................................................................................................... 34 
Figure 12.  Connector Pinout (as viewed into transponder) ...................................................................................... 44 
Figure 13.  Connector Pinout (as viewed into the cable) ........................................................................................... 44 
Figure 14.  UC10x Basic System-Level Interconnect Diagram (with options) ....................................................... 46 
Figure 15.  UC10x Basic System-Level Interconnect Diagram (minimum connections) ..................................... 47 
Figure 16.  Mounting Hole Pattern Drawing (SCALE 1:1) ....................................................................................... 51 
Figure 17.  Example over-the-cable ferrite beads to troubleshoot “reradiating” issue ......................................... 56 
 
List of Tables 
Table 1.  Document Revision History ............................................................................................................................. 8 
Table 2.  Documents Related to UC10x Products ........................................................................................................ 8 
Table 3.  UC10x TSO Authorizations by Product ...................................................................................................... 29 
Table 4.  FAA NextGen / 2020 Mandate Compliance by Product ......................................................................... 30 
Table 5.  TSO Deviations ................................................................................................................................................ 31 
Table 6.  Failure Condition Classifications ................................................................................................................... 32 
Table 7.  Supported Baud Rates for RS-232 Communication ................................................................................... 35 
Table 8.  Summary of acceptable data sources ............................................................................................................. 36 
Table 9.  GPS products for 2020 Mandate (14 CFR 91.227 or AMC 20-24 compliant system) ......................... 37 
Table 10.  GPS products for TABS (TSO-C199) compliant system ........................................................................ 38 
Table 11.  Mode S Uplink Formats (UF) Supported .................................................................................................. 39 
Table 12.  Mode S Downlink Formats (DF) Supported............................................................................................. 39 
Table 13.  Mode S BDS Registers Supported ............................................................................................................... 39 
Table 14.  Mode S Fields/Parameters Supported ........................................................................................................ 40 
Table 15.  ADS-B BDS Registers Supported ............................................................................................................... 41 
Table 16.  ADS-B Parameters Supported  .................................................................................................................... 41 
Table 17.  Interface Pinout .............................................................................................................................................. 45 
Table 18.  Key for Pinout Table ..................................................................................................................................... 45 
Table 19.  Simplified Interpretation of MOPS Antenna Requirements ................................................................... 53 
Table 20.  Example maximum cable length by cable type ......................................................................................... 54 
Table 21.  Referenced & Important Standards & Regulatory Documents .............................................................. 63 
Table 22.  Definition of Acronyms ................................................................................................................................ 68 

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1 Document

1.1 Revision History

Table 1. Document Revision History

Revision

Date

Description

Author

01 Oct 2016

Initial Draft

A. Hasegawa

08 Sep 2017

Updated part number, TSO disclaimer for draft release, FCC

information, basic interconnect diagram

C. Peckham

26 Sep 2017

Incorporated feedback from TCB: removed FCC logo from

labels, fixed MPE 20cm typo, changed “contains module”

to ”contains certified transmitter”

C. Peckham

1.2 Product Documents

Table 2. Documents Related to UC10x Products

Doc#

Title

UC10x-001-IM

UC10x Installation Manual

UC10x-001-DS

UC10x Datasheet

UC10x-001-ICD

UC10x Interface Control Document

UC10x-001-UG

UC10x User Guide

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2 Limited Warranty

This Urban Canyon Flight product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for a period of

two (2) years from the date of purchase. Urban Canyon Flight will—at its sole option—refund, repair, or replace

any components that fail in normal use during the warranty period. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no

charge to the customer for parts or labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for all costs related to

transportation. This warranty does not cover failures due to abuse, misuse, accident or unauthorized alteration or

repairs. To determine failure root cause, customer may be required to provide information regarding the interface,

including but not limited to electrical block diagrams/schematics, mounting drawings and fasteners, cable

drawings, and production and assembly techniques used. Providing this information will help to determine if

failure occurred under normal use, and will help with product improvement.

The warranties and remedies contained herein are exclusive and in lieu of all other warranties express or implied

or statutory, including any liability arising under any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose,

statutory or otherwise. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, which may vary from state to state. In no event

shall Urban Canyon flight be liable for incidental, special, indirect or consequential damages, whether resulting

from the use, misuse, or inability to use this product or from defects in the product. Some states do not allow the

exclusion of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations may not apply to you.

Urban Canyon Flight retains the exclusive right to repair or replace the unit or software or offer a full refund of the

purchase price at its sole discretion. Such remedy shall be your sole and exclusive remedy for any breach of

warranty. To obtain warranty service, contact Urban Canyon Flight Authorized Service Center. For assistance in

locating a Service Center near you, call Urban Canyon Flight Customer Service at one of the numbers shown below.

2.1 Unpack and Inspect Before Use

Unpack the unit with caution. Before installation, visually inspect for transport damages. If the unit is damaged,

notify the shipping company to file a claim for the damage. To justify the claim, save the original packaging

materials and shipping container. Store packing material within shipping container for reshipment, if necessary.

2.2 Do not disassemble

This product is not intended to be disassembled. Do not attempt to open the enclosure.

WARNING: Any attempt to disassemble or open the enclosure will void the warranty and may

result in personal injury or permanent product damage.

Urban Canyon Flight

145 E Jewett Blvd STE 301

White Salmon, Washington 98672 U.S.A.

Phone: 509-493-XXXX

Fax: 509-493-XXXX

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3 Software License Agreement

By using an Urban Canyon Flight Transponder, you agree to be bound by the terms and conditions of the following

license agreement. Please read this carefully.

Urban Canyon Flight grants you a limited license to use the software embedded in this device (the “Software”) in

binary executable form in the normal operation of the product. Title, ownership rights and intellectual property

rights in and to the Software remain in Urban Canyon Flight.

You acknowledge that the Software is the property of Urban Canyon Flight and is protected under the United

States of America copyright laws and international copyright treaties. You further acknowledge that the structure,

organization and code of the Software are valuable trade secrets of Urban Canyon Flight and that the Software in

source code form remains a valuable trade secret of Urban Canyon Flight. You agree not to decompile,

disassemble, modify, reverse assemble, reverse engineer or reduce to human readable form the Software or any

part thereof or create any derivative works based on the Software. You agree not to export or re-export the

Software to any country in violation of the export control laws of the United States of America.

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4 Safety and Security

4.1 For your safety

To prevent damage to your product or injury to you or to others, please read the following safety precautions in

their entirety before using the product and visit our website at www.ucflight.com to obtain further / current safety

and security information.

4.2 Safe Exposure Limits

It is the responsibility of the UC10x owner to ensure the maximum radiofrequency (RF) radiation exposure limits

are not exceeded.

WARNING: A separation distance of 40 cm must be provided between the antenna and all

persons.

4.3 Use only provided and/or recommended cables & accessories

Only use cables, antennas, and power sources provided with the Product, or recommended herein, or as required

in appropriate regulatory documents such as applicable TSO(s) / MOPS.

4.4 Licensing

It is the responsibility of the UC10x owner to obtain proper licensing before using the transponder.

WARNING: This equipment has received an FAA transmit license for manned aircraft and a

license for unmanned aircraft operating above 500 ft. AGL.

4.5 Professional Installation Disclaimer

The purpose of this document is to assist OEMs in integrating the UC10x family into their equipment designs.

The UC10x family is intended to be professionally integrated by OEMs into their equipment designs.

WARNING: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the

user’s authority to operate the equipment. The installer shall be responsible for ensuring that the

proper antenna is employed so that the antenna requirements of TSO-C112E (RTCA/DO-181E

§2.215) or TSO-C74d (RTCA/DO-144A §2.2.11) or TSO-C66c (RTCA/DO-189 §2.2.17), as

applicable, are met and limits of 47 CFR 87.131 are not exceeded.

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4.6 Design Approval

The conditions and tests required for the TSO approval

of the UC10x (UC100, UC101, UC102 and UC103)

Transponders are minimum performance standards. The TSO identifies the minimum performance standards,

tests, and other conditions applicable for issuance of design and production approval of the article. TSO approval is

the responsibility of the aviation authority (FAA) and is in progress for UC10x

4.7 Installation Approval

The equipment should be installed in the aircraft in a manner consistent with acceptable workmanship and

engineering practices and in the accordance with the instructions set forth in this publication. To ensure that the

system has been properly and safely installed in the aircraft, the installer should make a thorough visual inspection

and conduct an overall operational check of the system on the ground prior to flight.

The TC or STC provides installation approval from the FAA. This installation manual (IM) is intended to assist with

installation and integration, but does not provide FAA-certified installation approval. This is a separate process.

FAA certifications in progress

TSO approval is for design and manufacturing. Thus, customers requiring TSO-approved units, will be required to

purchase new units. In other words, there is no way to “retrofit” a non-TSO unit into a TSO unit at a later date, it is

simply not practical.

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5 FCC Certification and Compliance

This section provides warning statements/disclaimers required by the FCC. Additionally, this section provides

operating requirements and labeling requirements that comply with FCC requirements.

Compliance with this section does not guarantee authorization of use. Requirements of other regulatory bodies

(such as FAA and ICAO), discussed in part elsewhere in this document, will be required depending on the specific

use case. Understanding the regulations are the sole responsibility of the end user.

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the user’s authority to operate

the equipment.

5.1 FCC ID

The UC10x family FCC ID is 2ANAE-UC10X

5.2 FCC Radiation Exposure Statements

This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment

should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 40 cm maintained between the radiator and any

persons when the transponder is powered on and the radio in an active mode.

The antenna(s) used for this transmitter must not be co-located (within 40 cm) or operating in conjunction with

any other antenna or transmitter.

5.3 FCC Interference Statements

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part

15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a

residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed

and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However,

there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause

harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and

on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules [and with Industry Canada (IC) license-exempt RSS standard(s)].

Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2)

this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

FCC CAUTION: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for

compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.

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5.4 FCC OEM Labeling Requirements for End-Product

The device is labeled with its own FCC ID Certification Number. In the event that the device is installed within

another device, and the FCC ID Certification Number is not visible, the end device into which the device is installed

must display a label referring to the enclosed certified transmitter. The final end product must be labeled in a

visible area with the following:

"Contains Certified Transmitter FCC ID: 2ANAE-UC10X"

"Contains FCC ID: 2ANAE-UC10X"

The OEM must only use approved antenna(s) listed above, which have been certified with the device.

5.5 FCC OEM End-Product User Manual Statements

The OEM integrator should not provide information to the end user regarding how to install or remove this RF

certified transmitter or change RF related parameters in the user manual of the end product.

Other user manual statements may apply.

Compliance statement only valid if used with certified/approved antenna or antenna types. See list of approved

antenna(s)/antenna characteristics.

Label must be placed on enclosure exterior and must be clearly visible.

5.6 FCC-Compliant Antenna & Cable

5.6.1 Minimum Cable Loss

The minimum cable loss is 0 dB (direct connection to antenna).

No external amplifier is allowed.

5.6.2 Maximum Cable Loss

The maximum cable loss is 1.5 dB.

5.6.3 Antenna Gain

Antenna Information: 1030-1090 MHz, linearly-polarized antenna, Gain: 5.2 dBi max

See section 11.4 Antenna for more information on antenna requirements.

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5.7 Product Label

Figure 1. UC10x Product Labels (SCALE 2:1)

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Figure 2. UC10x Product Label Mechanical Drawing (SCALE 2:1)

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5.7.1 Product Label Location

Figure 3. UC10x Mechanical Drawing with Label Location (SCALE 1:1)

NOTE: this is a simplified drawing. Contact us for ASME Y14.5 / ISO 16792 fully-specified drawing appropriate for

ISO9001/AS9100 Quality Management Systems (QMS) (in progress).

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5.7.2 Product Box Label

Figure 4. FCC Part 15 Declaration of Conformity – Location on 4 x 3 x 1” Product Box

Figure 5. FCC Part 15 Declaration of Conformity – Language on Product Box

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5.8 Electronic Labeling (E-Label)

The E-LABEL Act of 2014

allows manufacturers to display labeling electronically, using a display.

The UC10x is an incomplete system, and does not include a physical display.

OEMs integrating the UC10x into their equipment designs are required to provide a human interface to the pilot /

remote pilot, and must provide an electronic label consistent with FCC requirements

. Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8,

and Figure 9 below provide example electronic label for UC100, UC101, UC102, and UC103, respectively.

FCC CAUTION: It is the responsibility of the installer to confirm this label meets all requirements

for their application and local regulatory requirements

5.8.1.1 Example UC100 E-Label

Figure 6. Example Electronic Label for Model Number UC100

For more background information on this relatively recent legislation, see H.R.5161 – E-LABEL Act, Public Law 113-

197, and FCC 15-92 NOTICE OF PROPOSED RULEMAKING, Adopted July 17, 2015.

See FCC Electronic Labeling Guidance contained in KDB 784748 D02 e labelling v01

This section focuses on human interface requirements for compliance with FCC regulations. Additional human

interface requirements can be found in the TSO(s) and MOPS, and other locations, depending on product and use case.

This is not intended to be a comprehensive list of requirements pertaining to the UC10x human interface.

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5.8.1.2 Example UC101 E-Label

Figure 7. Example Electronic Label for Model Number UC101

5.8.1.3 Example UC102 E-Label

Figure 8. Example Electronic Label for Model Number UC102

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5.8.1.4 Example UC103 E-Label

Figure 9. Example Electronic Label for Model Number UC103

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6 Regulatory & Technical Overview

6.1 UC100 Traffic Awareness Beacon System (TABS)

Specification

Characteristics

Compliance

TSO-C199 Class A

FCC ID

2ANAE-UC10X

Applicable Documents

RTCA/DO-181E, RTCA/DO-260B (requirements modified directly in TSO-C199)

Software

RTCA/DO-178C Level C

Hardware

RTCA/DO-254 Level C

Power Requirements

10-38 VDC. Typical 0.5 watt @ 28V (

Altitude

100,000 ft.

Humidity

95% @ 50°C for 6 hours; 85% @ +38°C for 16 hours

Tested to RTCA/DO-160G §6.0 Category A

Operating Temperature

-20°C to +70°C (DO-160G Categories A2, C1)

Transmit Frequency

1090 MHz ± 1 MHz

Transmitter

53 dBm (200W) nominal at RF connector (SMA)

51 dBm (125W) minimum at antenna

Provides for 1.5 dB loss in cable + connectors

Transmitter Modulation

5M65M1D

Receiver Frequency

1030 MHz

Receiver Sensitivity

-74 dBm ± 3 dB (TCAS Replies), -71 dBm ±3 dB (Ground Replies)

FAA certifications in progress

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6.2 UC101 Mode C Transponder8

Specification

Characteristics

Compliance

TSO-C74d Class 1A

FCC ID

2ANAE-UC10X

Applicable Documents

RTCA/DO-144A

Software

RTCA/DO-178C Level C

Hardware

RTCA/DO-254 Level C

Power Requirements

10-38 VDC. Typical 0.8 watt @ 28V

Altitude

100,000 ft.

Humidity

95% @ 50°C for 6 hours; 85% @ +38°C for 16 hours

Tested to RTCA/DO-160G §6.0 Category A

Operating Temperature

-20°C to +70°C (DO-160G Categories A2, C1)

Transmit Frequency

1090 MHz ± 1 MHz

Transmitter

53 dBm (200W) nominal at RF connector (SMA)

51 dBm (125W) minimum at antenna

Provides for 1.5 dB loss in cable + connectors

Transmitter Modulation

5M65M1D

Receiver Frequency

1030 MHz

Receiver Sensitivity

-74 dBm ± 3 dB

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6.3 UC102 Mode C Transponder with ADS-B Out8

Specification

Characteristics

Compliance

TSO-C74d Class 1A, TSO-C166b Class B0

FCC ID

2ANAE-UC10X

Applicable Documents

RTCA/DO-144A, RTCA/DO-260B w/ Corrigendum 1

Software

RTCA/DO-178C Level C

Hardware

RTCA/DO-254 Level C

Power Requirements

10-38 VDC. Typical 1.0 watt @ 28V

Altitude

100,000 ft.

Humidity

95% @ 50°C for 6 hours; 85% @ +38°C for 16 hours

Tested to RTCA/DO-160G §6.0 Category A

Operating Temperature

-20°C to +70°C (DO-160G Categories A2, C1)

Transmit Frequency

1090 MHz ± 1 MHz

Transmitter

53 dBm (200W) nominal at RF connector (SMA)

51 dBm (125W) minimum at antenna

Provides for 1.5 dB loss in cable + connectors

Transmitter Modulation

5M65M1D

Receiver Frequency

1030 MHz

Receiver Sensitivity

-74 dBm ± 3 dB

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6.4 UC103 Mode S Transponder with ADS-B Out8

Specification

Characteristics

Compliance

TSO-C112e Class 2A els, TSO-C166b Class B1S

FCC ID

2ANAE-UC10X

Applicable Documents

RTCA/DO-181E, RTCA/DO-260B w/ Corrigendum 1

Software

RTCA/DO-178C Level C

Hardware

RTCA/DO-254 Level C

Power Requirements

10-38 VDC. Typical 1.3 watt @ 28V

Altitude

100,000 ft.

Humidity

95% @ 50°C for 6 hours; 85% @ +38°C for 16 hours

Tested to RTCA/DO-160G §6.0 Category A

Operating Temperature

-20°C to +70°C (DO-160G Categories A2, C1)

Transmit Frequency

1090 MHz ± 1 MHz

Transmitter

53 dBm (200W) nominal at RF connector (SMA)

51 dBm (125W) minimum at antenna

Provides for 1.5 dB loss in cable + connectors

Transmitter Modulation

5M65M1D

Receiver Frequency

1030 MHz

Receiver Sensitivity

-74 dBm ± 3 dB

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6.5 Environmental Qualification Form

Test Conditions

DO-160G

Test Description9

Temperature and Altitude

4.0

Equipment tested to Categories A2, C1

Low Temperature Ground

Survival

4.5.1

-55°C (Category A2 and C1)

Low Temperature Short-Time

Operating

4.5.1

-40°C (Category A2 and C1)

Low Temperature Operating

4.5.2

-20°C (Category C1)

High Temperature Operating

4.5.4

+70°C (Category A2 and C1)

High Temperature Short-Time

Operating

4.5.3

+70°C (Category A2 and C1)

High Temperature Ground

Survival

4.5.3

+85°C (Category A2 and C1)

Loss of Cooling

4.5.5

Testing not required (unit does not require cooling, +70°C

operating without cooling air) (Category A2 and C1)

Altitude

4.6.1

100,000 feet (Category C1)

Decompression

4.6.2

8,000 to 100,000 feet in 15 seconds (Category A2)

Overpressure

4.6.3

-15,000 feet (Category A2)

Temperature Variation

5.0

Equipment tested to Category B

Humidity

6.0

Equipment tested to Category A

Operational Shocks

7.2

Equipment tested to Category B

Three 6g, 11ms shock in each orthogonal direction

Crash Safety

7.3

Equipment tested to Category B

One 20g, 11ms shock in each orthogonal direction

Vibration

8.0

Aircraft zones 1 (including 1a and 1b) and 2; aircraft type 3,

4, 5 to Category S Level L; aircraft type 1 (Helicopters) to

Category U2 Level F1

Explosion

9.0

Equipment identified as Category X – no test required

Waterproofness

10.0

Equipment identified as Category X – no test required

Fluids Susceptibility

11.0

Equipment identified as Category X – no test required

Sand and Dust

12.0

Equipment identified as Category X – no test required

Fungus

13.0

Equipment identified as Category X – no test required

Salt Spray

14.0

Equipment identified as Category X – no test required

Magnetic Effect

15.0

Equipment tested to Category Z

Planned tests

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Test Conditions

DO-160G

Test Description9

Power Input

16.0

Equipment tested to Category BXX for 28 V

• Normal Operation: 18.0 to 32.2 V

• Surge (high): 60 VDC for 100 ms + 40 VDC for 1

second

• Surge (low): 17 VDC for 30 ms

Voltage Spike

17.0

Equipment tested to Category B

• Voltage spike with 56 V peak for 10 microseconds

(approx. trapezoidal shape). Test source output

impedance 50 ohm (see DO-160F Figure 17-1)

Audio frequency conducted

susceptibility

18.0

Equipment tested to Category B

Induced signal susceptibility

19.0

Equipment tested to Category AC

• Magnetic Fields Induced in the UUT

• Magnetic Fields Induced into interconnect cables

• Electrical Fields Induced into interconnect cables

• Induced Voltage Spikes into interconnect cables

Radio frequency susceptibility

20.0

Equipment tested to Category T

• Conducted: between 10 kHz to 400 MHz

• Radiated: 100 MHz to upper limit (10 GHz?)

Radio frequency emission

21.0

Equipment tested to Category B

• Conducted: 150 kHz to 152 MHz

• Radiated: 100 MHz to 6 GHz

• Measurement Bandwidth: 150kHz to 6GHz

Lightning induced transient

susceptibility

22.0

Equipment identified as Category XXXXX – no test required

Lightning direct effects

23.0

Equipment identified as Category X – no test required

Icing

24.0

Equipment identified as Category X – no test required

Electrostatic Discharge

25.0

Equipment identified as Category X – no test required

Fire, Flammability

26.0

Per AC 25-16F Paragraph 7(h), we shall conduct these tests

in accordance with Appendix F of 14 CFR Part 25 (FAA does

not accept DO-160F for this section of testing)

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7 General Information

7.1 Introduction

This manual contains information relative to the physical, mechanical and electrical characteristics and installation

requirements for the Urban Canyon Flight Series of Transponders.

7.2 General Description

Urban Canyon Flight Series of Transponders are remote mounted transponders. The transponder is a radio

transmitter and receiver that operates on radar frequencies. Functionality includes replying to ATCRBS, Mode A, C

and S interrogations. The Urban Canyon Flight Series of transponders are also capable of Automatic Dependent

Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) operations which allows an aircraft or surface vehicle to transmit position,

altitude, vector and other information for use by other aircraft, surface vehicle or ground facilities. The family also

includes a Traffic Awareness Beacon System (TABS) device, which is similar in function to a Mode S Transponder w/

ADS-B Out, but with significant reduction in functionality (and thus airspace availability).

7.3 Technical Standard Order (TSO) Approvals

The table below show the following TSO manufacturing authorizations for the UC10x family10.

Table 3. UC10x TSO Authorizations by Product10

Part No.11

Model No.

Nomenclature

TSO-C199

TABS

TSO-C74d

Mode C

TSO-C112e

Mode S

TSO-C166b

ADS-B

10-000-()

UC100

UC100 Traffic Awareness Beacon (TABS)

Class A

10-010-()

UC101

UC101 Mode C Transponder

Class 1A

10-020-()

UC102

UC102 Mode C Transponder w/ADS-B Out

Class 1A

Class B012

10-030-()

UC103

UC103 Mode S Transponder w/ADS-B Out

Class 2A els13

Class B1S14

FAA certifications in progress. Units without TSO, but with FCC and FAA approval, are available. TSO and non-

TSO units are intended to be form, fit, and function equivalent.

Per 14 CFR 21.603(b), we anticipate a series of minor changes, which will be denoted in suffix change numbers shown

in open brackets after the part number. When ordering, omit the suffix to receive the latest product version

Stand-alone 1090ES transmitters. Also known as a non-transponder-device (NTD) when not integrated with a

Mode S transponder. RTCA/DO-260B §2.2.2.2 only allows Class A0 and B0 NTD devices. Uses Extended Squitter

Downlink Format 18 (DF=18).

14 CFR 43 Appendix F allows abbreviated marking Class 2A as equivalent to RTCA/DO-181E Class 1 Level 2 els

1090ES transmitters integrated with a Mode S transmitter. Uses Extended Squitter Downlink Format 17

(DF=17).

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7.4 FAA NextGen / 2020 Mandate

The FAA NextGen 2020

mandate / ADS-B Out Rule, specified in 14 CFR §91.225 and 14 CFR § 91.227, applies to

General Aviation (GA) aircraft flying in the NAS

. Put simply, all GA aircraft are required to equip with ADS-B Out.

Table 4 below summarizes the UC10x product line compliance with the FAA 2020 mandate.

Table 4. FAA NextGen / 2020 Mandate Compliance by Product

Part No.17

Model No.

Nomenclature

Transponder

ADS-B

2020 Mandate

10-000-()

UC100

UC100 Traffic Awareness Beacon (TABS)

Partial18

Partial19

10-010-()

UC101

UC101 Mode C Transponder

YES

10-020-()

UC102

UC102 Mode C Transponder w/ADS-B Out

YES

10-030-()

UC103

UC103 Mode S Transponder w/ADS-B Out

YES

UC103 will fully comply with the FAA 2020 Mandate / ADS-B Out Rule (contained in 14 CFR § 91.225 and 14 CFR §

91.227), when paired with appropriate GPS/GNSS position

and barometric altitude

sources.

UC102 will not meet the 2020 Mandate. Despite being ADS-B Out, and meeting the requirements of DO-166b, the

UC102 is a Class B0 device, which does not comply with 14 CFR § 91.227. Put simply, the 2020 Mandate requires

Mode S. However, the UC102 will be displayed on ADS-B-In systems compliant to TSO-C195a.

UC101 is not an ADS-B device, and will not meet the FAA’s 2020 mandate.

UC100 is a TABS device, intended for intercompatibility with ADS-B systems, but does not comply with the FAA

ADS-B Out Rule (contained in 14 CFR § 91.225 and 14 CFR § 91.227) and thus IS NOT compliant with FAA NextGen /

2020 Mandate. Furthermore, per DO-317A (TSO-C195a), a TABS device is a non-performing emitter (NPE), and not

displayed on ADS-B-In systems compliant to TSO-C195a, and thus IS NOT an ADS-B device. Lastly, TABS does not

meet the definition of an ATC transponder (per 47 CFR § 91.215), and NOT appropriate to call it a “transponder”.

Officially takes effect January 1, 2020.

Airspace identified in 14 CFR § 91.225

Per 14 CFR 21.603(b), we anticipate a series of minor changes, which will be denoted in suffix change numbers shown

in open brackets after the part number.

UC101, UC102, and UC103 meet the definition for an ATC transponder per 47 CFR § 91.215. UC100 does not meet

the definition, and thus is not a “transponder”.

Per DO-317A (TSO-C195a), any ADS-B emitter broadcasting SDA=0, NACv=0, or NACp<5 will not be displayed

on TSO-compliant ADS-B-In systems. TABS is a non-performing emitter (NPE) with SDA=0, SIL=0, NIC<5,

NACv=0 or NACp<5, and will not display on a TSO-C195a compliant systems.

FAA AC 20-165B recommends TSO-C145 or TSO-146 position sources to maximize availability and ensure access to

the airspace identified in 14 CFR § 91.225. However, TSO-C129 and TSO-C196 are also acceptable, as are non-TSO’d

GPS that comply with the performance requirements of 14 CFR § 91.225.

FAA AC 20-165B recommends TSO-C10 or TSO-C106 barometric altitude sources (or TSO-C88 with a digitizer),

with pilot and ADS-B data correspondence of ±125 feet per 14 CFR § 91.217.

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7.5 Incomplete System

The UC10x is a remote system, and thus an incomplete system, as it does not include the items required for a fully-

functioning system.

• Antenna. UC10x does not include an antenna or antenna cable.

• Head Unit. UC10x does not include a display (head unit), and thus does not comply with the human

interface aspects.

7.6 Non-TSO Functions

The UC10x series do not have any Non-TSO functions.

7.6.1 TSO Deviations

Table 5 below lists the deviations for each TSO by section, and provides a justification for the deviation. Note that

all of these deviations are commonplace and are mostly due old regulatory documents. Once the TSOs are

renewed, most deviations below will not be necessary.

Table 5. TSO Deviations

TSO

Deviation

Number

Section

TSO-C74d

4.c

Electronic part marking is used for hardware and software identification, which is

stored in non-volatile memory22

TSO-C166b

4.d

TSO-C74d

3.d

TSO requires DO-160F; DO-160G will be used instead23

TSO-C74d

3.e

TSO requires DO-178B; DO-178C will be used instead

TSO-C112e

3.e

TSO-C166b

3.e

TSO-C74d

4.a

Per guidance in FAA Order 8150.1C, the appliances are marked with the primary TSO

along with a reference to the Installation Manual for the other TSO information (other

applicable TSOAs, deviations, etc.)24.

TSO-C112e

4.a

TSO-C166b

4.a

Table 5 above lists all deviations, all of which are commonplace in the industry, and do not affect form, fit, or

function of the device.

The deviations in Table 5 above are typically automatically accepted, many IM would list “No TSO Deviations”,

though we’ve decided to include these minor deviations for completeness.

Unlike TSO-166b (ADS-B) and TSO-C74d (Mode C), TSO-C112e (Mode S) explicitly allows electronic part marking.

Latest revision DO-160G used in all cases

Basic requirement is to mark each article according to 14 CFR 45.15(b), and as specified in the TSO

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7.6.2 Failure Condition Classifications

Table 6 summarizes the potential hazards associated with the UC10x functions and the associated failure condition

severity classifications per FAA AC 23.1309-1E.

Table 6. Failure Condition Classifications

Functional Description

Hazard Classification

Failure Condition

Mode S Transponder

Response to SSR and

TCAS Interrogations

MAJOR

TSO-C112e § 3.b

Incorrect reply to an SSR or TCAS interrogation.

Significant reduction in safety margins or functional capabilities

ADS-B Output

MAJOR

AC 20-165B § A.2.29

TSO-C166b § 3.b

Incorrect position or velocity data reported to ground surveillance

system providing aircraft separation services.

Significant reduction in safety margins.

Mode C Transponder

Failure of function

MINOR

TSO-C74d § 3.b

Loss of function

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8 Equipment Description

The Urban Canyon Flight Series of Transponders are the best-in-world size (3 in3) weight (50 grams) and power

consumption (1 W average). UCF Transponders feature an all solid-state transmitter. Mode and code selection are

controlled remotely. Functions including flight level, 4096 code, and aircraft address are presented on remote

graphic user interface. The transponders series uses data and power from various external devices. These external

devices include GPS/GNSS sensor, direction instrumentation (magnetic and non-magnetic), airspeed sensors,

barometric altimeters and altitude encoders, external power, antenna, and antenna cabling, through the user

interface or autopilot/flight computer. Note that not all sensors are required for all installations, and that there

may be additional sensors capable of providing equivalent data

8.1 Systems Overview and Planning

The transponder requires connection of multiple external devices. The UC10x family only includes the radio itself

(transponder, ADS-B, and/or TABS). UC10x does not include the antenna, antenna cable, sensors (GPS/altitude

encoder), or human interface aspects (i.e. no display/controller/autopilot/flight computer).

Figure 10 below provides an example installation configuration with the sensor data multiplexed through a single

interface with the display or autopilot.

Figure 10. System-Level Block Diagram

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Figure 11. Alternate System-Level Block Diagram

Figure 11 above shows an alternate connection of data flow, with sensor data going directly to the transponder

(e.g. through RS-232 Port 1) and control data separate (e.g. on RS-232 Port 0). The physical sensors would be

identical to sensors shown in Figure 10, the difference of note is that Figure 11 shows the sensors connected

directly to the transponder, instead of through the flight computer.

8.2 Input and Output Interfaces

8.2.1 Input Power

The unit is designed to operate from 10V to 38V, without requiring any change to the configuration. Thus, it can be

operated from standard aircraft 14V or 28V DC power bus. The unit is most efficient at 28V.

The unit has two positive power input pins, both of which must be connected. Additionally, both grounds must be

connected for power.

The input power interface includes common- and differential-mode filtering for EMC (conducted emissions and

conducted susceptibility). Additionally, ESD and transient voltage suppression (TVS) diodes, suitable for aircraft

electrical systems supplied by engine-driven alternators/rectifiers, or DC generators where a battery of significant

capacity is floating on the DC bus at all times. The input power interface also includes reverse polarity protection to

-60V max (non-conducting) and under voltage lockout for power input voltages below 9V. Lastly, the power input

interface is short duration operational for voltages between 38V to 63V typical, consistent with a Category B

device as defined in DO-160G § 16.0 Power Input.

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The maximum power consumption is 6 W

(worst-case condition for Mode S w/ ADS-B out). The typical power

consumption is 0.5 W (STBY), and 1 W (ALT mode, 235 PRF, 1090ES enabled). On average, the UC10x consumes

one-fifth as much power as competitive devices.

8.2.2 RS-232 Serial Communication

The unit has two bi-directional RS-232 ports. Both ports are fully compliant with the industry standard

physical

layer implementation. Both RS-232 ports operate at 57.6 kbps 8N1 default, though they are easily reconfigurable

for other standard baud rates summarized in Table 7 below.

Table 7. Supported Baud Rates for RS-232 Communication

Baud

2.4 kbps

4.8 kbps

9.6 kbps

19.2 kbps

38.4 kbps

57.6 kbps

115.2 kbps

ADS-B UNCOMPENSATED LATENCY WARNING: Modifying default baud rate for sensor data

requires re-evaluation of uncompensated and total system latency, and—depending on the

sensor data format and other factors—may result in data transfer that is too slow to meet ADS-B

data latency requirement. See Section 9.2.4 Uncompensated Latency for more details.

The two RS-232 ports (Port 0 and Port 1) are completely redundant with each other, and allow for all sensor and

control data to come from either port.

This is the maximum average power consumed by the device. The instantaneous (short-term) power consumption will

be more.

Industry standard defined by ANSI Electronic Industries Association/Telecommunication Industry Association

TIA/EIA-232-F and ITU V.28

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8.2.3 Acceptable FAA-Certified Data Sources

Table 8. Summary of acceptable data sources

Sensor Type

TSO27

Description

Rev

Baro

TSO-C10b

Altimeter, Pressure Actuated, Sensitive Type

Any

TSO-C106

Air Data Computer

Any

TSO-C88b

Automatic Pressure Altitude Reporting Code-Generating Equipment

Any

Heading

TSO-C5f

Direction Instrument, Non-Magnetic (Gyroscopically Stabilized)

Any

TSO-C6e

Direction Instrument, Magnetic (Gyroscopically Stabilized)

Any

Vertical Rate

TSO-C8e

Vertical Velocity Instruments

Any

GPS

TSO-C129a28

Supplemental GPS

Any

TSO-C145d

(FAA Recommended) GPS with WAAS

Any

TSO-C146d

(FAA Recommended) GPS with WAAS, Stand-Alone

Any

TSO-C196b

Supplemental GPS Augmented by Aircraft

Any

8.3 GPS/GNSS Input

UC102 and UC103 support Extended Squitter ADS-B out, and both are DO-260B (ADS-B “Version 2”) compliant

broadcast participant. UC100 supports a TABS-compliant broadcast. In all cases, to function properly, a GPS/GNSS

sensor must be connected.

8.3.1 Certification Level

To support an SDA of “2”, the UC10x must be connected to GPS/GNSS with DAL of C or higher for both DO-178()

and DO-254.

8.3.2 Protocols

The GNSS input format is compliant with NMEA 0183. However, NMEA 0183 does not provide all data necessary

for ADS-B “out”, most notably the integrity data. Additional proprietary messages fill the gap.

Current TSO revision level shown in this table, as of the writing of this document. However, any revision of the TSO

from the table above is acceptable.

TSO-C129 is cancelled. ADS-B “out” equipment that us this as the position source may need to conduct a position

and velocity latent analysis

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NMEA 0183 and the Freeflight / Accord NexNav GPS are the only standard protocol implemented. The following

protocols are also in progress.

• Industry standard “Aviation” protocol

• Freeflight and Accord NexNav GPS proprietary protocols

• Urban Canyon Flight ADS-B protocol, including ADS-B plus

• Trig ADS-B protocol

• C199 TABS compliant GPS using NMEA protocol

8.3.3 GPS for FAA NextGen / 2020 Mandate

The UC103 can be connected to the following GPS/GNSS units to form the basis of a 14 CFR 91.227 or AMC 20-24

compliant ADS-B installation:

• Trig TN70 GPS Sensors

• Freeflight 1201 & 1204 WAAS/GPS Sensors

• NexNav MINI & NexNav MAX WAAS/GPS Sensors

• Garmin GNS 400W/500W series navigators

• Garmin GTN 600/700 series navigators

The bulleted list above represents long-term compatibility plan. Of the list above, we will down select to one or

two units, in order to provide the lowest-cost 14 CFR 91.227 or AMC 20-24 solution possible. Table 9 below is the

“short list” of products we are considering.

Table 9. GPS products for 2020 Mandate (14 CFR 91.227 or AMC 20-24 compliant system)

TSO

Class

Manfr

Manfr PN

MOPS

DO-178()

DO-254

Price

Interface

Rate

TSO-C145c

Beta-1

Trig

TN70

DO-229D

Level C

$3,250

RS-232

5 Hz

TSO-C145c

Beta-1

Freeflight

1201

DO-229C

Level C

N/A

$2,989

RS-232

???

TSO-C145c

Beta-1

Accord Technology

NexNav mini CCA

DO-229D

Level C

???

RS-232

5 Hz

TSO-C145c

Beta-1

Accord Technology

NexNav mini LRU

DO-229D

Level C

???

RS-232

5 Hz

NOT TSO’d

N/A

Dynon

SkyView SV-GPS-2020

14 CFR 91.225

N/A

$579

RS-232

4 Hz

The plan is to finalize the decision on which GPS unit(s) to support prior to finalizing our requirements.

8.3.4 GPS for TSO-C199 TABS Compliance

The Traffic Awareness Beacon System (TABS) is intended for voluntary equipage on aircraft exempted from

carrying Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) equipment, such as gliders, balloons and aircraft

without electrical systems. TABS GPS devices do not meet the ADS-B requirements defined in 14 CFR § 91.227 or

AMC 20-24.

UC103 is a TSO-C166b and TSO-C112e compliant ADS-B transmitter. When connected to an appropriate TSO-C199

Class B GPS position source, all transmitted ADS-B data complies with section A1.2.5 of TSO-C199.

UC100 is a TABS device, compliant with TSO-C199. When connected to an appropriate TSO-C199 Class B GPS

position source, all transmitted ADS-B data complies with section A1.2.5 of TSO-C199.

Table 10 below is a list of compatible TABS-compliant GPS source.

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Table 10. GPS products for TABS (TSO-C199) compliant system

TSO

Class

Manfr

Manfr PN

MOPS

Price

Interface

Rate

TSO-C199

Class B

Accord Technology / Aspen

NexNav Micro-i

TSO-C199

$800

1 Hz or 4 Hz

8.4 Altitude Input

The unit does not support a Gillham (gray code) input.

Barometric altitude must be provided via one of the RS-232 serial ports.

8.5 RF Suppression Bi-Directional Bus

The mutual suppression input/output is used to provide suppression of L-band equipment on the aircraft.

The transponder uses the signal as an input to inhibit all transmission activities and decoding of receiver signals

when other equipment on the aircraft is transmitting. When the transponder transmits, it asserts the output to

provide the suppression to other systems on the airplane.

The duration of the asserted output is variable (20 µs min / 130 µs max), depending if the transmission is Mode

A/C (28 µs typical), Mode S short (67 µs typical), or Mode S long / 1090ES (123 µs typical). Per DO-181E § 2.2.11(b),

the suppression output signal shall precede the transponder RF transmission by no more than 10 µs, and return to

the inactive state no later than 10 µs after transmission. Furthermore, per DO-181E § 2.2.11(a), the UC10x will

regain sensitivity, within 3dB, not later than 15 µs after the end of the applied mutual suppression pulse.

The physical implementation (the “PHY” layer) of the RF suppression bus is proprietary (e.g. does not conform with

standards such as ARINC 735B Attachment 8).

The RF suppression output is open drain, driven by an N-channel MOSFET with an internal 1kΩ pullup to 3.3V.

When used as an input, the RF suppression bus is designed to operate directly with external devices capable of

driving 3.3V TTL and CMOS logic standards. Alternatively, the interface also works with devices capable of an open

collector output drive. In all cases, the external interface must be capable of sinking up to 5 mA.

Regardless of input/output state, the RF suppression connection is ESD and transient voltage protected, tolerant to

operate with voltages up to 5V max. The latency of the RF suppression bus, both input/output, is maximum 1 µs.

8.6 Automatic Air/Ground Determination

The unit is designed to interface with an automatic weight-on-wheels (WOW) sensor, also known as a squat

switch, which is a device that automatically provides On Ground / In Air status, through this single pin. Connection

of a WOW switch is optional, for aircraft that do not have a WOW sensor, squat switch detection can be disabled

via either serial port.

8.7 Antenna Port

UC10x has an SMA female antenna connector. UC10x system does not include an antenna or antenna cable. See

11.4 Antenna for antenna and antenna cable guidance.

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9 Supported Registers and Parameters

9.1 Mode S

9.1.1 Uplink Formats (UF)

Table 11 below summarizes UF (interrogations), that the Mode S transponder can receive wirelessly.

Table 11. Mode S Uplink Formats (UF) Supported

Description

Interrogation Length

Level

DO-181E

Short Special Surveillance

56 bits

Level 1

§ 2.2.18

Surveillance, Altitude Request

56 bits

Level 1

§ 2.2.18

Surveillance, Identity Request

56 bits

Level 1

§ 2.2.18

Mode S-Only All-Call

56 bits

Level 1

§ 2.2.18

Comm-A, Altitude Request

112 bits

Level 2

§ 2.2.19

Comm-A, Identity Request

112 bits

Level 2

§ 2.2.19

9.1.2 Downlink Formats (DF)

Table 12 below summarizes the Downlink Formats (DF) that the Mode S transponder can transmit wirelessly.

Table 12. Mode S Downlink Formats (DF) Supported

Description

Reply Length

Level

DO-181E

Short Special Surveillance

56 bits

Level 1

§ 2.2.18

Surveillance, Altitude Reply

56 bits

Level 1

§ 2.2.18

Surveillance, Identity Reply

56 bits

Level 1

§ 2.2.18

All-Call Reply

56 bits

Level 1

§ 2.2.18

Extended Squitter

112 bits

Level 2

§ 2.2.19

Comm-B, Altitude

112 bits

Level 2

§ 2.2.19

Comm-B, Identity

112 bits

Level 2

§ 2.2.19

All the messages in Table 12 are transmitted in response to an interrogation defined in Table 11, except for

Extended Squitter (DF=17), which is transmitted unsolicited.

9.1.3 BDS Registers

Table 13. Mode S BDS Registers Supported

Assignment

Category

Max Update Interval29

0516

Extended Squitter Airborne Position

ADS-B

0.2 s

0616

Extended Squitter Surface Position

ADS-B

0.2 s

0816

Extended Squitter Identification & Category

ADS-B

15.0 s

0916

Extended Squitter Airborne Velocity

ADS-B

1.3 s

6116

Emergency / Priority Status

ADS-B

1.0 s

6516

Aircraft Operational Status

ADS-B

2.5 s

9.2.2 Parameters

Table 16. ADS-B Parameters Supported

Parameter

BDS Register

SPI

0516

Emergency Indicator

0516

Barometric Altitude

0516

Quality Indicator (NIC)

0516

Airborne Position

Latitude

0516

Longitude

0516

Quality Indicator (NIC)

0616

Surface Position

Latitude

0616

Longitude

0616

Surface Ground Speed

0616

Surface Ground Track

0616

Aircraft Identification

0816

Airborne Ground Velocity

0916

Geometric to Barometric Altitude Difference

0916

Geometric Vertical Rate

0916

Squawk Code

6116

Emergency Status

6116

Quality Indicator (NACP)

6516

Quality Indicator (NACV)

6516

Quality Indicator (SIL)

6516

Version Indicator

6516

Surface Length/Width

6516

Surface Antenna Offset

6516

Subfield(s) omitted for brevity. See DO-181E Figure 2-7 for additional information on subfields.

UC100 & UC103 use DF=17 and UC102 uses DF=18 for this same ADS-B data

When connected to appropriate GPS/GNSS receiver

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9.2.3 Time Mark

UC10x does not accept the Time Mark

from the GPS/GNSS, thus the “Time” (T) subfield is always set to “0”.

9.2.4 Uncompensated Latency

Uncompensated latency due to the transponder is less than 10 milliseconds. Analysis of the system latency should

add this to the latency of the GPS system and the transmission time of the position data from the GPS to the

transponder to determine overall latency.

RTCA/DO-260B Appendix U provides a great description of the total and uncompensated latency in 1090ES ADS-B.

Time Mark refers to the 0.2 second UTC epochs

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10 Electrical Connections

UC10x have two electrical connectors: an SMA connector for the antenna connection, and a low-profile 17-

position interface connector for power and communication. Power connections, voltage requirements and circuit

breakers requirements are shown on the interconnect diagrams. (Figure 12, Figure 13 and Table 17)

When cables are installed in the aircraft, they must be supported firmly enough to prevent movement and should

be carefully protected against chaffing. Additional protection should also be provided in all locations where the

cable may be subjected to abuse. In wire bundles, the cabling should not be tied tightly together as this tends to

increase the possibility of noise pickup and similar interference. When routing cables through the aircraft the

cables should cross other RF lines at right angles.

Prior to installing any equipment, make a continuity check of all wires and cables associated with the system. Then

apply power and check for proper voltages at system connectors, and then remove power before completing the

installation.

1. The installing facility will supply and fabricate all external cables. The required connectors are supplied as

part of the installation kit

2. The length and routing of the external cables must be carefully planned before attempting the actual

installation. Avoid sharp bends or locating the cable near aircraft control cables. When possible, the

cables should be of a length to allow for a “maintenance loop”. That is, the length should be adequate to

access and extend the connectors aft of the panel for future maintenance purposes. Excess cabling should

be secured and stowed by tie-wrapping until such maintenance is required.

3. The cables should be supported firmly enough to prevent movement. They should be carefully protected

wherever one may chafe against another or against some other object. Extra protection should be

provided in all locations where the cables may be subject to abuse. Shields on shielded wires should be

grounded as shown on the system interconnection diagrams.

4. Shields should be carried through any obstruction via a thru-bulkhead connector. If shielding cannot be

carried through by use of a bulkhead/connector pin, precautions should be taken to ensure each segment

of the shielded lead be grounded at only one point. A ground connection of not more than two inches in

length should be used. The preceding discussion does not apply to coaxial cable.

5. Avoid cabling near high noise and high-power sources.

Note:

The total losses in the coaxial cable run and interconnects between the antenna and the

transponder must not be less than 0 dB and must not be more than 1.5 dB over the range

of 1030-1090 MHz

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10.1 Power / Data Connector Pinout & Descriptions

The right-angle PCB-mount connector on the transponder is Hirose DH60-17P. The mating connector for the cable

is DH30B-17S (IDC crimp) or DH40-17S (solder cup). Figure 12 shows the connector pinout as viewed looking into

the transponder, and Figure 13 shows the pinout as viewed into the cable.

Figure 12. Connector Pinout (as viewed into transponder)

Figure 13. Connector Pinout (as viewed into the cable)

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Table 17. Interface Pinout

Pin#

Description

Dir

Type

Level

Notes

If Not Used

VIN

PWR

10 - 38 VDC

Power Input

Must be implemented

GND

0 VDC

Power Return

Must be implemented

RSVD

DNC

Reserved for future use

No connection

RSVD

DNC

Reserved for future use

No connection

SUPPRESS

I/O

Open Drain36

LVTTL

Drive with open drain

No connection

RSVD

DNC

Reserved for future use

No connection

RSVD

DNC

Reserved for future use

No connection

TXD1

RS-232

TIA-232-F34

57.6 kbps 8N1

Must be implemented35

TXD0

RS-232

TIA-232-F34

57.6 kbps 8N1

Must be implemented35

VIN

PWR

10 - 38 VDC

Power Input

Must be implemented

GND

0 VDC

Power Return

Must be implemented

RSVD

DNC

Reserved for future use

No connection

RSVD

DNC

Reserved for future use

No connection

SQUAT

Open Drain36

LVTTL

Drive with open drain

No connection

PWR_DOWN

Open Drain37

TTL

0: normal; 1: power down

No connection

RXD1

RS-232

TIA-232-F34

57.6 kbps 8N1

Must be implemented35

RXD0

RS-232

TIA-232-F34

57.6 kbps 8N1

Must be implemented35

Table 18. Key for Pinout Table

Dir

Explanation

Input to transponder

Output from transponder

I/O

Logical bi-directional input/output

DNC

Do not connect

Type

Explanation

PWR

Input power to device

GND

Ground

Open Drain

Drive with open drain/collector

RS-232

Communications to/from device

Level

Explanation

LVTTL

Low-voltage (3.3V) transistor-transistor logic

TTL

5V Transistor-transistor logic (compatible with LVTTL)

TIA-232-F

Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) defining RS-232

Designed to meet EIA/TIA-232 and V.28/V.24 Specifications. Note that if a given output is unused, the RS232

Converter IC will automatically disable, and read 0V (instead of the RS-232 idle line negative voltage). THIS IS

NORMAL. The RS-232 output will automatically re-enable once its input is connected.

At least one set of RS-232 must be connected (TXD0/RXD0 OR TXD1/RXD1), the other should be left floating if

unused to minimize power consumption. Port 0 and Port 1 are identical and can be used interchangeably.

Pullup resistor to 3.3V

Pulldown resistor to GND

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10.2 Basic Interconnect Diagram – With Options

Figure 14 below provides an example installation with all options shown.

VIN

GND

RSVD

SUPPRESS

SQUAT

RSVD

PWR_DOWN

RSVD

RXD1

TXD1

RXD0

TXD0

RF-SMA(F)

COAX

UC101, UC102

or UC103

Transponder or

UC100 TABS Device

CIRCUIT BREAKER

1A Slow-Blow

ANTENNA

WOW Switch

(Optional)

GPS/GNSS RS-232 Position Source

for ADS-B

(Optional)

10-38V DC

SUPPR_IN

SUPPR_OUT

PWR_DOWN

TXD_232

RXD_232

GND

Autopilot /

Controller

(Head Unit)

Static Pressure Line

N-Channel

MOSFET

(Optional)

Figure 14. UC10x Basic System-Level Interconnect Diagram (with options)

Notes on Figure 14:

• Port 0 (RXD0/TXD0) and Port 1 (RXD1/TXD1) are interchangeable

• 1A circuit breaker is appropriate over the entire operating voltage range. For operation at higher voltages

(e.g. 28V), 500mA slow-blow may be preferred.

• Functions /external hardware provided in customer circuit: controller, GPS, antenna, antenna cable,

altitude encoder, Weight-on-Wheels (WOW) switch, suppress interface, circuit breaker

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10.3 Basic Interconnect Diagram – Minimum Connections

The minimum connections are the antenna, power, ground, and one set of RS-232 communication lines. Be sure to

connect two pins for power, and two for ground. An example of the minimum connections shown in Figure 15

below.

VIN

GND

RSVD

SUPPRESS

SQUAT

RSVD

PWR_DOWN

RSVD

RXD1

TXD1

RXD0

TXD0

RF-SMA(F)

COAX

UC101, UC102

or UC103

Transponder or

UC100 TABS Device

CIRCUIT BREAKER

1A Slow-Blow

ANTENNA

GPS/GNSS RS-232 Position Source

for ADS-B

(Optional)

10-38V DC

TXD_232

RXD_232

GND

Autopilot /

Controller

(Head Unit)

Static Pressure Line

Figure 15. UC10x Basic System-Level Interconnect Diagram (minimum connections)

Notes on Figure 15:

➢ Port 0 (RXD0/TXD0) and Port 1 (RXD1/TXD1) are interchangeable

➢ 1A circuit breaker is appropriate over the entire operating voltage range. For operation at higher voltages

(e.g. 28V), 500mA slow-blow may be preferred.

➢ Functions /external hardware provided in customer circuit: controller, GPS, antenna, antenna cable,

altitude encoder, circuit breaker

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11 Equipment Installation

11.1 General

The equipment should be installed in the aircraft in a manner consistent with acceptable workmanship and

engineering practices and in accordance with the instruction set forth in this publication. To ensure that the

system has been properly and safely installed in the aircraft, the installer should make a through visual inspection

and conduct an overall operation check of the system on the ground prior to flight.

The TSO identifies the minimum performance standards, tests, and other conditions applicable for issuance of

design and production approval of the article. The TSO applicant is responsible for documenting all limitations and

conditions suitable for installation of the article. An applicant requesting approval for installation of the article

within a specific type or class of product is responsible for determining environmental and functional compatibility.

Caution:

After installation of cabling and before installation of the equipment, a check should be

made with the aircraft primary power supplied to the mounting connector to ensure

that power is applied only to the pins specified in the interconnection drawings.

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11.2 Unit and Accessories Supplied

11.2.1 UC100 Traffic Awareness Beacon System (TABS)

Unit Description

Qty.

Model Number

Traffic Awareness Beacon (TABS)

UC100

Interface Cable

UC10x-CBL-XXX

RF Cable

UC10x-CBL-XXX

Mounting Kit

UC10x-HDW-XXX

11.2.2 UC101 Mode C Transponder

Unit Description

Qty.

Model Number

Mode C Transponder

UC101

Interface Cable

UC10x-CBL-XXX

RF Cable

UC10x-CBL-XXX

Mounting Kit

UC10x-HDW-XXX

11.2.3 UC102 Mode C Transponder with ADS-B Out

Unit Description

Qty.

Model Number

Mode C Transponder w/ ADS-B Out

UC102

Interface Cable

UC10x-CBL-XXX

RF Cable

UC10x-CBL-XXX

Mounting Kit

UC10x-HDW-XXX

11.2.4 UC103 Mode S Transponder with ADS-B Out

Unit Description

Qty.

Model Number

Mode S Transponder w/ ADS-B Out

UC103

Interface Cable

UC10x-CBL-XXX

RF Cable

UC10x-CBL-XXX

Mounting Kit

UC10x-HDW-XXX

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11.3 UC10x Installation

11.3.1 Avionics Cooling Requirements

The greatest single contributor to increased reliability of all modern-day avionics is to limit the maximum operating

temperature. While modern day individual circuit designs consume much less electrical energy, the watts per cubic

inch dissipated within avionics units remains much the same because of high density packaging techniques utilized.

Consequently, the importance of providing avionics stack cooling is essential to the life span of the equipment.

11.3.2 Installation Location

The transponder is to be fitted in a suitable place on the aircraft. This is usually the avionics compartment. The

mounting place shall be at least 30 cm from the magnetic aircraft compass, to avoid any interference to the

magnetic compass by the transponder. For installation in a more severe electromagnetic environment use shielded

cable connectors and a common shielding for the transponder wiring. Select a position that is not too close to any

high external heat source. The transponder itself is not a significant heat source and does not need to be kept

away from other devices for this reason.

11.3.3 Mounting Hole Pattern

Mounting fasteners (when provided) are included for convenience and may not be suitable for all installations. You

should reference individual equipment chapters for information regarding installation instructions.

The appropriate mounting pattern hole size and spacing will vary depending upon mounting plate/surface material

and method of drill (machine or hand). The pattern below will be appropriate for most installations, which uses a

0.101” hole (ANSI drill size 38)

. Some customers may need to increase the hole size to 0.104” (ANSI drill size 37)

or 0.110” (ANSI drill size 35)

, depending on the tolerance of the machine (or person) performing the drill

operation.

Figure 16. Mounting Hole Pattern Drawing (SCALE 1:1)

Approximate metric equivalent for ANSI drill size 38 (0.101”) is ISO 2.6mm drill size

Approximate metric equivalent for ANSI drill size 37 (0.104”) is ISO 2.7mm drill size

Approximate metric equivalent for ANSI drill size 35 (0.110”) is ISO 2.8mm drill size

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11.4 Antenna & Antenna Cable Installation

11.4.1 Disclaimer

This subsection contains guidance on antenna and antenna cable requirements, advice on product selection,

troubleshooting, and recommended best practices for installation. UCF does not sell antennas or antenna cables.

This section provides general guidance on the antenna and cable. If this information conflicts with the

antenna/cable manufacturer’s instructions, the antenna/cable manufacturer’s instructions should supersede

information contained herein.

WARNING: The installer shall be responsible for ensuring that the proper antenna is employed so

that the antenna requirements of 47 CFR 15.203 and TSO-C112E (RTCA/DO-181E §2.215) or TSO-

C74d (RTCA/DO-144A §2.2.11) or TSO-C66c (RTCA/DO-189 §2.2.17), as applicable, are met and

limits of 47 CFR 87.131 are not exceeded.

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11.4.2 Antenna Requirements (Simplified)

A transponder antenna approved to TSO-C112e , TSO-C74d, or TSO-C66c

(or previous versions), that has been

installed to meet the requirements of the installation manual may be approved for use with the UC10x.

For specific technical requirements for the antenna can be found in TSO-C74d (RTCA/DO-181E §2.2.15) (UC100,

UC103) or TSO-C112e (RTCA/DO-144A §2.2.11) (UC101, UC102) or TSO-C66c (RTCA/DO-189 §2.2.17). The antenna

requirements contained in the TSO and associated MOPS are equivalent for all intents and purposes, and can be

used interchangeably. Table 19 provides a simplified summary of antenna requirements.

Table 19. Simplified Interpretation of MOPS Antenna Requirements

Description

Type

Min Gain

Max Gain

Freq

VSWR

Ground

TSO Antenna

λ/4 Monopole42

2.19 dBi

5.19 dBi

1030-1090MHz

50Ω

1.5 max

4’ dia.

WARNING: It is the responsibility of the end user to know the regulatory requirements for

their application / use case. This is an oversimplified interpretation intended to facilitate

understanding of the antenna requirements. There are other antenna types that could meet

all requirements. There may also be antennas that fall within the description above that do

not meet all requirements. See regulations pertinent to your use case (MOPS, TSO, etc.) for

details and to make your own determination.

TSO-C66c is the TSO for distance measuring equipment (DME), which uses the same frequency band, and thus the

same antenna, as transponders

Transponder MOPS do not explicitly state monopole, but extrapolating from the required minimum vertical

beamwidth (25°), horizontal beamwidth (360°), and ground plane size (4’ Ø), is an ideal monopole.

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11.4.3 Antenna Cable Design / Selection

UC10x system does not include an antenna.

The UC10x family is designed to meet high power (unrestricted altitude) requirements with an allowance of 0 dB

min (UC10x directly connected to antenna) to 1.5 dB maximum insertion loss in the connectors and cables used to

connect it to the antenna. Excessive loss will degrade both transmitter output power and receiver sensitivity.

An acceptable cable:

➢ Has power rating of 3W average at 1GHz minimum (10+ W preferred)

➢ Has voltage rating of 300 VRMS minimum (1,000+ VRMS preferred)

➢ Has less than 1.5 dB loss for the required cable run length (1 dB preferred)

➢ Has a characteristic impedance (Z0) of 50 Ω ± 5 Ω

➢ Has double-braided screens consisting of a combination foil and braid screen

➢ For installations that require frequent disassembly/reassembly, select connectors rated for number of

mating cycles

➢ Uses an SMA male on one end (for the UC10x), and mates with the antenna on the other (depends on

antenna selected)

Once the cable run length is known, a cable type with low enough loss per meter that meets the above

requirements can be chosen. Longer runs require lower loss (usually physically thicker) cable. Consider moving the

transponder closer to the antenna to minimize the losses in the antenna cable – subject to the limits identified

above, the transponder can be at any distance from the control head without affecting performance in any way.

Table 20 below is a guide to the maximum usable lengths for various common cable types. This table uses typical

cable loss data to calculate maximum cable length assuming 1.5dB cable loss. Actual cable loss will vary between

manufacturer and may change after use (e.g. due to repeated cable bending) and should always be verified

through measurement by the end user / installer.

Table 20. Example maximum cable length by cable type

Type

Jacket Dia.

Insertion

Loss (dB/ft)

Max Cable

Length (ft)

Insertion

Loss (dB/m)

Max Cable

Length (m)

RG58-TPX

0.190" [4.83mm]

0.58

2.6

1.90

0.8

RG178B/U

0.072" [1.83mm]

0.44

3.4

1.46

1.0

PE-047SR

0.047" [1.19mm]

0.40

3.8

1.31

1.1

RG316/U

0.098" [2.49mm]

0.38

3.9

1.25

1.2

RG316-DS

0.114" [2.90mm]

0.26

5.7

0.86

1.8

RG58C/U

0.195" [4.95mm]

0.20

7.5

0.66

2.3

RG58-P

0.159" [4.04mm]

0.17

8.7

0.57

2.6

RG8X

0.242" [6.15mm]

0.14

11.1

0.44

3.4

RG141A/U

0.190" [4.83mm]

0.13

11.5

0.43

3.5

RG213/U

0.405" [10.29mm]

0.08

18.8

0.26

5.7

RG218/U

0.870" [22.1mm]

0.04

39.5

0.12

12.0

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WARNING: The cable losses / and calculated cable lengths in Table 20 are representative of

typical values, and do not include connector losses. Use this table as a maximum cable length for

a given cable type for cable design / product selection. The installer should verify cable loss is

acceptable through measurement (e.g. using a network analyzer

)

11.4.4 Antenna Installation Considerations

The antenna should be installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The following considerations should

be taken into account when determining appropriate installation location for the antenna.

➢ The antenna should be well removed from any projections, engine(s) and propeller(s). It should also be

well removed from landing gear doors, access doors or other openings which will break the ground plane

for the antenna.

➢ The antenna should be mounted on the bottom surface of the aircraft and in a vertical position when the

aircraft is in level flight.

➢ Where practical, plan the antenna location to keep the cable lengths as short as possible and avoid sharp

bends in the cable to minimize the VSWR.

Electrical connection to the antenna should be protected to avoid loss of efficiency as a result of the presence of

liquids or moisture. All antenna feeders shall be installed in such a way that a minimum of RF energy is radiated

inside the aircraft.

11.4.5 Antenna Cable Routing

When routing the cable, ensure that you:

➢ Route the cable away from source of heat.

➢ Route the cable away from potential interference sources such as ignition wiring, 400 Hz generators,

fluorescent lighting and electric motors.

➢ Keep the run as short as possible

➢ Avoid routing the cable around tight bends.

➢ Avoid kinking the cable even temporarily.

➢ Secure the cable so that it cannot interfere with other systems.

11.4.6 Antenna Ground Plane

When a conventional aircraft monopole antenna is used it relies on a ground plane for correct behavior. For ideal

performance, the ground plane should be large compared to the wavelength of the transmission, which is 275mm.

In a metal-skinned aircraft this is usually easy to accomplish, but is more difficult in a composite or fabric skinned

aircraft. In these cases, a metallic ground plane should be fabricated and fitted under the antenna.

The ground plane should be as large as practical. Because it is a function of the wavelength of the transmission, the

smallest practical ground plane for a transponder is a square around 120mm per side; as the size increases the

One example of an inexpensive network analyzer for cable loss measurement: Hewlett Packard (Keysight) 8753D

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performance improves until the ground plane is around 700 mm on each side. Anything much larger than that size

is unlikely to show significant further improvement.

The thickness of the material used to construct the ground plane is not critical, providing it is sufficiently

conductive. A variety of proprietary mesh and grid solutions are available. For example, heavyweight cooking foil

meets the technical requirements, but obviously needs to be properly supported.

For designs that wish to meet requirements of TSO, a ground plane with 4 ft. (1.2 meter) diameter should be used.

11.4.7 Interference Troubleshooting

Aircraft with composite skin can be susceptible to emissions from the transponder antenna coupling to and

reradiating from interconnecting cables and electrically conductive materials in close proximity to the antenna.

This issue can be exacerbated with an undersized antenna ground plane due to increased backwards radiation.

One component primarily prone to coupling with antenna emissions is the outer shield surface of the antenna

coaxial cable. When this coupling occurs, the antenna cable serves as an antenna, radiating to other components

within the aircraft. To help mitigate this issue, a ferrite bead can be clamped over the antenna cable and installed

as close to the antenna end of the cable as practical. For longer cable runs, additional ferrite beads spaced at

intervals of approximately a quarter wavelength at 1090 MHz maybe required. A hinged ferrite is convenient for

field troubleshooting, though a solid cylindrical ferrite is more mechanically robust. These can be purchased at

Digi-Key or other suppliers. Figure 17 below shows examples of various ferrite types.

Figure 17. Example over-the-cable ferrite beads to troubleshoot “reradiating” issue

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12 Installation Setup and Test

12.1.1 Overview

This section provides an overview of information required to configure a unit at time of install. These functions

should be provided by head unit (display) manufacturer for manned aircraft installations, or through a GUI for

unmanned installations. For details, see ICD.

12.1.2 VFR Flight ID

The default Flight ID for an aircraft not on an IFR flight plan should be the aircraft registration.

12.1.3 Aircraft Address Programming

The Mode S Address is a 24-bit number issued to the aircraft by the registration authority for the aircraft. These

addresses are usually written as a 6-digit hexadecimal number, although you may also encounter one written as an

8-digit octal number.

12.1.4 VFR Squawk Code

When the pilot presses the VFR button, a pre-programmed code will replace the current squawk code. The pre-

programmed code is set up here; the choice of code will depend on the normal location of the aircraft. In the USA,

the VFR squawk code is 1200. In most parts of Europe, the VFR squawk code should be set to 7000.

NOTE: default VFR Squawk Code is not implemented directly on the transponder. This should be implemented in the

head unit or GUI, for convenience to the pilot, but is not required.

12.1.5 Airspeed Category

Mode S transponders can transmit their maximum airspeed characteristics to aircraft equipped with TCAS. This

information is used to help identify threats and to plan avoiding action by the TCAS equipped aircraft.

12.1.6 Aircraft Category

To assist ATC tracking of aircraft, an aircraft category can be transmitted by Mode S transponders. Select the

aircraft category that most closely matches the aircraft the transponder is installed in. If the transponder is fitted

to a vehicle rather than an aircraft, select “Surface Vehicle”.

12.1.7 GPS Input

If a GPS is connected for ADS-B position reporting, select the appropriate interface protocol.

12.1.8 GPS Certification Level

An important metric for ADS-B ground system behavior is the System Design Assurance (SDA) level. It is intended

to reflect the probability that the GPS position source is providing erroneous information, and is based on the

certification standard that was used by the GPS vendor. This will be indicated in the form of a letter code (A to D)

on the data plate or installation documentation for the GPS in accordance with the standards DO-178B and DO-

254, for example “DO-178B level C”. If both standards are reported but at different levels, use the standard with

the lower SDA level. Standards (or SDA levels) descend in reverse alphabetical order.

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12.1.9 GPS NAC velocity

Another metric that the ADS-B ground system uses to help it track the aircraft is NACv. NACv is the Navigational

Accuracy Category for velocity, and is a design feature of the GPS receiver. It represents the error bound for

velocity that the GPS may report in acceleration/deceleration or turning maneuvers. You can find this information

from your GPS installation manual.

12.1.10 Aircraft Length and Width

On the ground, ADS-B transmits encoded aircraft size information which is used by ATC to identify taxiing routes

and potential conflicts. When configured for ADS-B, the UC10x will require aircraft length and width (wingspan)

information, in meters, for proper configuration.

12.1.11 GPS Antenna Offset

The GPS antenna offset is used together with the aircraft length and width to manage taxiway conflicts. A typical

GPS installation does not report the geographic position of the center of the aircraft, or even the tip of the nose of

the aircraft; instead it usually reports the location of the actual GPS antenna (not the GPS receiver). During normal

flight operations, this distinction is of no practical importance at all, but if ADS-B is used to manage taxiway

conflicts, a significant offset in antenna position could mean that the aircraft is not in the same place as the ADS-B

reported position. Although primarily intended for position correction on large transport aircraft, General Aviation

aircraft can also have a significant offset. For example, if the aircraft has a long tail boom and the GPS antenna is

on the top of the tail, the GPS position could be 4 meters or more from the nose of the aircraft. Enter the position

of the GPS antenna relative to the nose of the aircraft. The position is stored and transmitted to the nearest 2

meters; great accuracy in measurement is not required.

12.1.12 1090 MHz Receiver Installed

The ADS-B transmissions include an indication to the ground stations of whether your aircraft includes a 1090 MHz

ADS-B receiver. This is then used by ground stations to manage the RF spectrum for uplink of traffic data. If you

have a 1090 MHz ADS-B receiver installed, be sure to indicate it so that you receive appropriate traffic data.

12.1.13 UAT Receiver Installed

The ADS-B transmissions include an indication to the ground stations of whether your aircraft includes a UAT ADS-

B receiver. This can be used by the ground stations to manage the uplink of traffic, weather, pilot data, etc. If you

have a UAT receiver installed, be sure to indicate it so that you receive appropriate data uplink.

12.2 Test and Calibration Items

12.2.1 Altitude Encoder Calibration

The Altitude Encoder is not provided with the UC10x. However, altitude encoder data—sourced from a static

pressure sensor—must be provided.

Altitude encoder calibration is typically performed every 24 months, as part of the altimeter checks on the aircraft.

Altitude encoder calibration ensures that the altitude transmitted by the transponder corresponds to the altitude

seen by the pilot on the primary altimeter. The maximum allowed difference between the primary altimeter and

the altitude encoder is 125 ft. (per ETSO-C88a and TSO-C88b).

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The altitude encoder calibration can be performed with the ATC transponder tests and inspections defined in 14

CFR Part 43 Appendix F, which are also required every 24 months.

Note: The purpose of calibrating the encoder is to make the output correspond to the primary altimeter. In the

event that the sensor used for the encoder is the same sensor used as the primary altimeter, no calibration should

be necessary. Any offset required should be applied to the altitude encoder / altimeter itself, or in the autopilot (not

stored in the transponder). It is always the responsibility of the installer to ensure compliance with relevant

standards.

12.3 Calibration Equipment

To calibrate the encoder, you will need to be able to power up the transponder subsystem, and you will need a

pitot-static test set with the appropriate adapters to connect to the static port on the aircraft. The pitot-static test

set should be able to drive the altitude down to sea level, and above the service ceiling of the aircraft.

12.4 Post Installation Checkout and Operation

Post installation checks should be carried out in accordance with your certification requirements. These checks

should include:

➢ Mode S interrogations to verify correct address programming.

➢ Verification of the reported altitude using a static pressure tester.

➢ Where installed, verification of correct squat switch ground/airborne indications. In an aircraft with a

squat switch, setting the mode to ALT when the aircraft is on the ground should cause the transponder to

GND mode; when the aircraft becomes airborne, the mode should switch automatically to ALT.

➢ Interrogations to verify the receiver sensitivity. A Mode S transponder should have a minimum triggering

level (MTL) of between -77 dBm and -71 dBm. Failure to meet this requirement usually indicates antenna

or coaxial cable problems.

➢ Interrogations to verify the transmitted power. A Class 1 installation should have no less than 125 Watts

at the antenna (and no more than 500 Watts). A Class 2 installation should have no less than 71 Watts at

the antenna (and no more than 500 Watts). Failure to meet this requirement is also generally due to

antenna or wiring issues.

➢ Where installed, verification of the GPS position source and ADS-B outputs. Whenever a valid position is

received by the transponder and the transponder is in any mode other than OFF, ADS-B Extended

Squitters should be observed on the transponder test set.

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13 Instructions for Continued Airworthiness

13.1 Scheduled Maintenance

The UC10x series is a transponder device and must be tested and inspected every 24 months subject to the

requirements of 14 CFR Part 43 Appendix F – ATC Transponder Tests and Inspections.

13.2 Service Life

The instructions for continued airworthiness given in the TC or STC approvals for this product supplements or

supersedes the instructions for continued airworthiness in this manual.

Urban Canyon Flight products are designed and manufactured such that there are no periodic service

requirements necessary to maintain continued airworthiness. Outside of inspections required by regulatory

agencies, no maintenance is required until the equipment does not properly perform its intended function. When

service is required, the unit should be returned to manufacturer for RMA.

13.3 Repairability

The UC10x is not field repairable, and must be returned to the manufacturer.

13.4 Field Firmware Updates

Field updates are not supported. The unit must be returned to the manufacturer.

13.5 ADS-B

The installed ADS-B OUT system must be shown to meet the equipment requirements of 14 CFR 91.227 or

equivalent.

13.5.1 Altimetry Systems and Altitude Reporting Equipment

Altitude reporting equipment connected to the ADS-B system must comply with all applicable 14 CFR 91.217, 14

CFR 91.411, and 14 CFR Part 43 Appendix E test and inspection requirements. Refer to FAA Advisory Circular AC 43-

6C. ADS-B installation (or lack thereof) does not alter these requirements.

13.5.2 Maintenance and Design Changes to Interfacing Components

The ADS-B system interfaces with multiple external components, such as position sources and altimetry sources.

The installer should list all interfacing components in the instructions for continued airworthiness (ICA). It is

important that any future maintenance or design changes to these interfacing components be accomplished in

such a way that continued satisfactory performance of the overall ADS-B system is maintained.

13.5.2.1 Maintenance of the ADS-B System

The ADS-B system installation must include ICA that meet the typical requirements for a system installation, which

includes how to accomplish a complete functional check of the system.

13.5.2.2 ADS-B Source System Components

The installer may not have access to the specific source system ICA to incorporate changes into those specific

documents, the installer must do an analysis of the source systems to determine what maintenance actions on

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those source systems would require a functional test of the ADS-B system to verify that the system is operating

properly. In particular, those systems providing a dedicated input to the ADS-B system that cannot be verified by

other means should be tested as part of the ADS-B system as a whole. Once the installer identifies those actions,

they must provide recommended language for the operator to include in their ICA. If the installer determines that

removal and replacement of the Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver requires a full functional check of the

ADS-B system because the GPS input to the ADS-B cannot be verified by other means.

13.5.2.3 Design Changes to Interfacing Components

Ensuring continued airworthiness of the ADS-B system following upgrades of interfacing components could be

problematic if the installer of the ADS-B system is unaware of design changes to interfacing components, or if the

installer of the updated interfacing component is unaware of a potential impact to the ADS-B system. To avoid this

problem, the ADS-B system installer must update the ICA for each interfacing system with a process that ensures

continued airworthiness of the ADS-B system following design changes to the interfacing component.

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14 Referenced & Important Documents

Table 21. Referenced & Important Standards & Regulatory Documents

Cat

Org

Doc. No.

Document Title

Date

Mode A/C

RTCA

DO-144A

MOPS for ATCRBS Airborne Equipment

2 Oct 2008

FAA

TSO-C74d

ATCRBS Airborne Equipment

17 Dec 2008

CFR

14 CFR 91.413

ATC transponder tests and inspections.

Current

CFR

14 CFR 91.215

ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment & use

Current

ICAO

Annex 10, Volume

IV, Fourth Edition

Surveillance and Collision Avoidance Systems44

Jul 2007

Mode S

RTCA

DO-181E

MOPS for ATCRBS/Mode S Airborne Equipment

17 Mar 2011

FAA

TSO-C112e

ATCRBS/Mode S Airborne Equipment

16 Sept 2013

RTCA

DO-260B with

Corrigendum 1

MOPS for 1090ES ADS-B and TIS-B

13 Dec 2011

ICAO

Annex 10, Volume

III, Part 1, Chapter 5,

Second Edition

SSR Mode S Air-Ground Data Link45

20 Nov 2008

ADS-B

RTCA

DO-260B with

Corrigendum 1

MOPS for 1090ES ADS-B

13 Dec 2011

FAA

TSO-C166b

Extended Squitter ADS-B and TIS-B on RF of 1090 MHz

2 Dec 2009

FAA

None Provided

Note to Manufacturers Regarding the Use of Geometric Type

Codes When In the Altitude Reporting Off Condition

5 Nov 2015

RTCA

DO-242A

MASPS for ADS-B

25 Jun 2002

RTCA

DO-242A Change 1

MASPS for ADS-B Change 1

13 Dec 2006

RTCA

DO-289

MASPS for Aircraft Surveillance Applications (ASA)

09 Dec 2003

RTCA

DO-289 Change 1

MASPS for Aircraft Surveillance Applications (ASA) Change 1

13 Dec 2006

FAA

AC 20-165B

Airworthiness Approval of ADS-B OUT Systems

7 Dec 2015

DOT

14 CFR Part 91

ADS-B Final Rule

28 May 2010

Contains elaboration on ICAO 24-bit Address and Parity Field (AP and PI) Generation for Mode S

Contains elaboration on Mode S packet creation and interpretation

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Cat

Org

Doc. No.

Document Title

Date

TABS

RTCA

DO-181E

MOPS for ATCRBS/Mode S Airborne Equipment

17 Mar 2011

FAA

TSO-C199

Traffic Awareness Beacon System (TABS)

10 Oct 2014

FAA

None Provided

TSO-C199 TABS Public Review Comments

Current

FAA

None Provided

Changes to the TIS-B Service Beginning Late 2015

31 Mar 2015

Altitude Encoder

SAE

AS8003

MOPS for Automatic Pressure Altitude Code-Generating

Equipment

16 Feb 2008

FAA

TSO-C88b

Automatic Pressure Altitude Reporting Code-Generating

Equipment

06 Feb 2007

ICAO

Annex 10, Volume I,

Part 1, Equipment &

Systems

IFF Mark X (SIF)/ATCRBS

Altimeter

SAE

AS392c

Altimeter, Pressure Actuated Type

16 Feb 2008

FAA

TSO-C10b

Altimeter, Pressure Actuated, Sensitive Type

01 Sept 1959

SAE

AS8009C

Pressure Altimeter Systems

24 May 2016

FAA

TSO-C10c

Pressure Altimeter System

31 Oct 2016

NACA

Report 1235

Standard Atmosphere Tables to 65,800 ft.

Alt & Enc

CFR

14 CFR 91.217

Data correspondence between automatically reported pressure

altitude data and the pilot's altitude reference.

Current

DME

RTCA

DO-189

MOPS for DME

Sept 1985

FAA

TSO-C66c

Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) Operating Within 960-

1215MHz

18 Jan 1991

TSO

FAA

8150.1C

Technical Standard Order Program

08 Mar 2012

FAA

8110-3

Statement of Compliance with Airworthiness Standards

18 Mar 2010

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Cat

Org

Doc. No.

Document Title

Date

UAS

RTCA

AWP-1

Detect and Avoid (DAA) White Paper

18 Mar 2014

RTCA

DO-365

MOPS for Detect and Avoid (DAA) Systems

31 May 2017

RTCA

DO-365 Test Vectors

DO-365 Detect and Avoid (DAA) Test Vectors

31 May 2017

RTCA

DO-366

MOPS for Air-to-Air Radar for Traffic Surveillance

31 May 2017

FAA

14 CFR 107

FAA Part 107 Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems

Current

FAA

AC 107-2

Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS)46

21 Jun 2016

FAA

AC 21-12C

Application for US Airworthiness Certificate, FAA Form 8130-6

07 Sep 2012

FAA

Form 8130-6

Application for US Airworthiness Certificate

Apr 2011

FAA

AC 91-57A

Model Aircraft Operating Standards

02 Sep 2015

FAA

AC 91-57A Chg 1

Change1 to AC 91-57A

11 Jan 2016

DOT

Public Law 112-95,

Title III, Subtitle B

FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012

2012

DOT

Public Law 114-90,

Title II, Subtitle B

UAS Safety (FAA Extension, Safety, & Security Acot of 2016)

2016

Software

FAA

DO-178C

Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment

Certification

13 Dec 2011

FAA

AC 20-115C

Airborne Software Assurance

19 July 2013

FAA

8110.49

Software Approval Guidelines

28 Sep 2011

RTCA

DO-278A

Software Integrity Assurance Considerations for CNS/ATM Systems

13 Dec 2011

RTCA

DO-248C

Supporting Information for DO-178C and DO-278A

13 Dec 2011

AEH

RTCA

DO-254

Design Assurance Guidance for Airborne Electronic Hardware

19 Apr 2000

FAA

AC 20-152

RTCA, Inc., Document RTCA/DO-254, Design Assurance Guidance

for Airborne Electronic Hardware

30 June 2005

FAA

8110.105

Simple and Complex Electronic Hardware Approval Guidance

23 Sep 2008

Includes guidance for airmen (remote pilot) certification, aircraft registration and marking, aircraft airworthiness, and

operations of small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) in the National Airspace System (NAS).

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Cat

Org

Doc. No.

Document Title

Date

Environmental

RTCA

DO-160G

Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne

Equipment

8 Dec 2010

RTCA

DO-160G Change 1

Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne

Equipment

16 Dec 2014

RTCA

DO-160G Form

Environmental Qualification Form

8 Dec 2010

RTCA

DO-357

User Guide: Supplement to DO-160G

16 Dec 2014

FAA

AC 21-16G

RTCA Document DO-160 versions

D, E, F, and G, “Environmental Conditions

and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment”

22 Jun 2011

FAA

AC 25-16

Electrical Fault Fire Prevention and Protection

5 Apr 1991

Interface

ARINC

718A-4

Mark 4 ATCRBS/Mode S ARINC Characteristic

15 Nov 2011

ARINC

743A-5

GNSS Sensor ARINC Characteristic

29 May 2009

ARINC

429P1-18

Digital Information Transfer System (DITS) Part 1 Functional

Description, Electrical Interfaces, Label Assignments and Word

Formats

29 Nov 2012

ARINC

429P2-16

MARK 33 Digital Information Transfer System (DITS)

Part 2 Discrete Word Data Standards

17 Dec 2004

ARINC

429P3-19

MARK 33 Digital Information Transfer System (DITS)

Part 3 File Data Transfer Techniques

25 June 2009

SAE

ARP4754A

Guidelines for Development of Civil Aircraft and Systems.

21 Dec 2010

TIA

TIA/EIA-232-F47

Interface Between Data Terminal Equipment and Data Circuit-

Terminating Equipment Employing Serial Binary Data Interchange

2012

NMEA

0183 Ver 4.1

Standard for Interfacing Marine Electronic Devices

June 2012

TC/STC

SAE

ARP4761

Guidelines and Methods for Conducting the Safety Assessment

Process on Civil Airborne Systems and Equipment.

01 Dec 1996

RS-232 interface standard. TIA/EIA-232 is functionally equivalent with international standards ITU-T V.24, V.28,

and ISO/IEC 2110

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Cat

Org

Doc. No.

Document Title

Date

FCC

OET Bulletin 65

Edition 97-01

Evaluating Compliance with FCC Guidelines for Human Exposure to

Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields

Aug 1997

FCC

KDB 447498 D01

General RF Exposure Guidance v06

23 Oct 2015

FCC

Part 2

Frequency Allocations; General Rules & Regulations

Current

FCC

47 CFR 2.1046

Measurements Required: RF Power Output

Current

FCC

47 CFR 2.1047

Measurements Required: Modulation Characteristics

Current

FCC

47 CFR 2.1049

Measurements Required: Occupied Bandwidth

Current

FCC

47 CFR 2.1051

Measurements Required: Spurious Emissions at Antenna Term.

Current

FCC

47 CFR 2.1053

Measurements Required: Field Strength of Spurious Radiation

Current

FCC

47 CFR 2.1055

Measurements Required: Frequency Stability

Current

FCC

Part 15

Radio Frequency Devices

Current

FCC

Part 15.109(a)

Unintentional Radiators – Radiated Emission Limits

Current

FCC

Part 87

Aviation Services

Current

FCC

47 CFR 87.131

Power and Emissions

Current

FCC

47 CFR 87.133

Frequency Stability

Current

FCC

47 CFR 87.135

Bandwidth of Emission

Current

FCC

47 CFR 87.137

Types of Emission

Current

FCC

47 CFR 87.139

Emission Limitations

Current

FCC

47 CFR 87.143

Transmitter Control Requirements

Current

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15 Acronyms

Table 22. Definition of Acronyms

Acronym

Meaning

TSO

Technical Standards Order

TSOA

TSO approval

Type certificate

STC

Special type certificate

MOPS

Minimum Operational Performance Standard

MASPS

Minimum Aviation System Performance Standard

ATC

Air traffic control

ATCRBS

ATC radar beacon system

SSR

Secondary surveillance radar

PPM

Pulse position modulation

1090ES

1090MHz Extended Squitter

Downlink format

Uplink format

CPR

Compact position reporting

State vector

Mode status

ARV

Air referenced velocity

BDS

Comm-B data selector

GICB

Ground Initiated Comm-B

BER

Bit error rate

Bandwidth

FEC

Forward error correction

ERP

Effective Radiated Power

Radio frequency

MTL

Minimum triggering level

IAS

Indicated airspeed

TAS

True airspeed

IFR

Instrument flight rules

VFR

Visual flight rules

UTC

Universal Coordinated Time

GPS

Global Positioning System

GNSS

Global navigation satellite system

WAAS

Wide Area Augmentation System

SBAS

Satellite-based augmentation system

WGS84

World Geodetic System 1984

NIC

Navigation integrity category

NAC

Navigation accuracy category

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Acronym

Meaning

SIL

Source integrity level

HDOP

Horizontal dilution of precision

Mode S

Mode select

ADS-B

Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast

UAT

Universal Access Transceiver

TCAS

Traffic collision avoidance system

Traffic advisory

Resolution advisory

CDTI

Cockpit display of traffic information

SPI

Special position identification

NOTAM

Notice to Airmen

NAS

National Airspace System

FAR

Federal aviation regulations (Title 14 of CFR)

FAA

Federal Aviation Administration

DoT

Department of Transportation (U.S.A.)

DoD

Department of Defense (U.S.A.)

FCC

Federal Communications Commission

CFR

Code of Federal Regulations

EASA

European Aviation Safety Agency

ICAO

International Civil Aviation Organization

SAE

Society of Automotive Engineers

NMEA

National Marine Electronics Association

DAL

Design assurance level

SDA

System design assurance

Advisory circular

RTCA

Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics

ARINC

Aeronautical Radio, Incorporated

PTI

Peckham Technology Inc

UCF

Urban Canyon Flight, Inc

MCU

Microcontroller

FPGA

Field-programmable gate array

UUT

Unit under test

Project manager

Configuration Management

Quality Assurance

WOW

Weight on Wheels

LAST

Light Aviation SSR Transponder

TABS

Traffic Awareness Beacon System

Urban Canyon Flight UC10X skyBeacon UAT Transponder User Manual UC10x Installation Manual

Urban Canyon Flight Inc skyBeacon UAT Transponder UC10x Installation Manual

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