Wave Wireless VOICEXTENDER User Manual VX Manual

Wave Wireless Corporation VX Manual

VX Manual

Installation GuideCylink VoiceXtender ModemPackage:  81229-00AAugust 1997¤CYLINK CORPORATION910 Hermosa CourtSunnyvale, California  94086, USA(408) 735-5800CYLINK LIMITED U.K.Tel:  +44-1256-841919Fax:  +44-1256-24156CYLINK CORPORATION (Singapore)Tel:  +65-297-6196Fax:  +65-297-6195CYLINK CORPORATION (New Delhi)Tel:  +91-11-617-6913Fax:  +91-617-9529CYLINK CORPORATION (Beijing)Tel:  +81-10-6467-1905Fax: +86-10-6467-1906CYLINK CORPORATION (Karachi)Tel:  +92-21-5840743Fax: +92-21-5840727CYLINK CUSTOMER SUPPORT1-800-545-6608 (USA - California)1-800-814-5587 (USA - New Jersey)1-408-735-5822 (Internaltional - California)1-201-333-3400 (International - New Jersey)+44-1256-58122 (Cylink Limited - U.K.)HOME
Rev. A - 8/97 i COPYRIGHT 1994 - 1997 Cylink Corporation, World Rights ReservedCylink Corporation provides this document “as is,” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied,including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.Cylink Corporation may make improvements and changes to the product described in this Manual at anytime and without notice. Cylink Corporation assumes no responsibility for its use, nor any infringements ofpatents or other rights of third parties that would result.This document could contain technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Periodic changes are made tothe information contained herein; these changes will be incorporated into new editions of the Manual.No part of this publication may be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or reproduced in any way,including, but not limited to, photocopy, photograph, magnetic or other records, without the prior writtenpermission of Cylink Corporation.VoiceXtender is a trademark and CYLINK® is a registered trademark of the Cylink Corporation.PRODUCT COMPATIBILITYWhile every effort has been made to verify operation of this product with many different communicationsproducts and networks, Cylink Corporation makes no claim of compatibility between its products and othervendors’ equipment. It is assumed that users have thoroughly evaluated this product’s performance in thecommunications environment in which it will be used.SAFETYThe following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation and service of thisproduct. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this Manual willfullyviolates standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the product. Cylink Corporation assumes noliability for the customer's failure to comply with these requirements.This product must be grounded. In the event of a short circuit, grounding reduces the risk of electrical shockby providing an escape wire for the current.The product's AC power cord ends in a three-pole grounding plug. Do not use a three-pole to two-poleadapter with the plug. Verify that the outlet you intend to use is properly installed and grounded; the outletused must comply with the local electric code.Do not install or operate this product in the presence of flammable gases or fumes. Operation of anyelectrical instrument in such an environment constitutes a definite safety hazard.No user maintained or adjustable components are present within this product. The covers should not beremoved by anyone other than authorized Cylink service personnel. The potential for electrical shock existswithin the cabinet at all times unless it is unplugged.Do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification to the VoiceXtender modems.Return the product to Cylink Corporation for service and repair to ensure that safety features aremaintained. Prior to returning any product(s) for repair, contact Cylink at the telephone numbers or addresslocated on the front of this Manual, and obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number.Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Cylink Corporation can void the user’s authority tooperate the equipment.
ii Rev. A - 8/97TOWER CONSTRUCTIONCompliance with local zoning and tower construction regulations is recommended when VoiceXtender digitalmodem radios require a tower. These regulations generally mandate that permits be obtained before anytower construction begins. Check with local zoning and aviation authorities for more information.FCC PART 68 INFORMATIONFederal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules on spread spectrum devices, such as the VoiceXtender,require that you be notified of the following:This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC Rules. The FCC Part 68 label is located on the bottom ofthe enclosure. This label contains the FCC Registration Number for this equipment. If requested, thisinformation must be provided to your telephone company.The REN is useful to determine the quantity of devices you may connect to your telephone line and still haveall of those devices ring when your telephone number is called. In most, but not all areas, the sum of theRENs of all devices connected to one line should not exceed five (5.0).  To be certain of the number ofdevices you may connect to your line, as determined by the REN, you should contact your local telephonecompany to determine the maximum REN for your calling area.Connection to the telephone network should be made by using standard modular telephone jacks, typeRJ11C or RJ11W. The RJ11C or RJ11W plug and/or jacks used must comply with FCC Part 68 rules.If this telephone equipment causes harm to the telephone network, the telephone company will notify you inadvance that temporary discontinuance of service may be required. But if advance notice isn’t practical, thetelephone company will notify the customer as soon as possible. Also, you will be advised of your right to filea complaint with the FCC if you believe it is necessary.The telephone company may make changes in it’s facilities, equipment, operations or procedures that couldaffect the proper functioning of your equipment. If they do, you will be notified in advance in order for you tomake necessary modifications to maintain uninterrupted service.This equipment may not be used on coin service provided by the telephone company. Connection to partylines is subject to state tariffs.REPAIR INSTRUCTIONRepairs to this equipment can only be made by the manufacturer or its authorized agents. If this equipmentis causing harm to the telephone network, the telephone company may request that it be unplugged from themodular outlet until the problem has been corrected. To obtain repair service or warranty informationcontact:Cylink Corporation1350 Bordeaux DriveSunnyvale, CA  94089Attn:  Repair and Return Department1-800-545-6608FCC regulations require that this device be professionally installed by a person knowledgeable in electronicsand trained in the correct installation of this device.All interface cables must be shielded.This device complies with Part 15 of FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interferencereceived, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Rev. A  - 8/97 iiiINDUSTRY CANADA NOTICENotice:  The Industry Canada label identifies certified equipment. This certification means the equipmentmeets telecommunications network protective, operational. And safety requirements as prescribed in theappropriate Terminal Equipment Technical Requirements documents(s). The Department does notguarantee the equipment will operate to the user’s satisfaction.Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilitiesof the local telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptablemethod of connection. The customer should be aware that compliance with the above conditions may notprevent degradation of service in some situations.Repairs to certified equipment should be coordinated by a representative designated by the supplier. Anyrepairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may give thetelecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect this equipment.Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power utility,telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precautionsmay be particularly important in rural areas.CAUTION Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact theappropriate electric inspection authority, or electrician, as appropriate.Notice:  The Ringer Equivalence Number (REN) assigned to each terminal device provides an indication ofthe maximum number of terminals to be connected to a telephone interface. The combination of devicessubject only to the requirement that the sum of the Ringer Equivalence Numbers of all the devices does notexceed 5.RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCEThis digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatusset out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications
iv Rev. A - 8/97STATEMENT OF WARRANTYCYLINK products, except as stated otherwise in an applicable price list, are warranted against defects inworkmanship and material for a period of one (1) year from date of delivery as evidenced by CYLINK’spacking slip or other transportation receipt.CYLINK’s sole responsibility under this warranty shall be to either repair or replace, at its option, anycomponent which fails during the applicable warranty period because of a defect in workmanship andmaterial, provided PURCHASER has promptly reported same to CYLINK in writing. All replaced Products orparts shall become Cylink’s property.CYLINK shall honor the warranty at CYLINK’s repair facility in Sunnyvale, California. It is PURCHASER’sresponsibility to return, at its expense, the allegedly defective Product to CYLINK. PURCHASER mustobtain a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) number and shipping instructions from CYLINK prior toreturning any Product under warranty. Transportation charges for the return of the Product to PURCHASERshall be paid by CYLINK within the United States. For all other locations, the warranty excludes all costs ofshipping, customs clearance and other related charges. If CYLINK determines that the Product is notdefective within the terms of the warranty, PURCHASER shall pay CYLINK all costs of handling,transportation and repairs at the then prevailing repair rates.All the above warranties are contingent upon proper use of the Product. These warranties will not apply (i) ifadjustment, repair or parts replacement is required because of accident, unusual physical, electrical orelectromagnetic stress, negligence of PURCHASER, misuse, failure of electric power environmentalcontrols, transportation, not maintained in accordance with CYLINK specifications, or abuses other thanordinary use  (ii)  if the Product has been modified by PURCHASER or has been repaired or altered outsideCYLINK’s factory, unless CYLINK specifically authorizes such repairs or alterations; (iii) where CYLINKserial numbers, warranty data or quality assurance decals have been removed or altered.CYLINK also reserves the right to make product improvements without incurring any obligation or liability tomake the same changes in Products previously manufactured or purchased. In no event shall CYLINK beliable for any breach of warranty in an amount exceeding the net selling price of any defective Product. Noperson, including any dealer, agent or representative of CYLINK is authorized to assume for CYLINK anyother liability on its behalf except as set forth herein. Nonpayment of any invoice rendered within the statedpayment terms automatically cancels any warranty or guarantee stated or implied. If any payment is dueCYLINK for services performed hereunder, it shall be subject to the same payment terms as the originalpurchase.CYLINK HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES ON PRODUCTS INCLUDING WITHOUTLIMITATION, ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULARPURPOSE. The warranties expressly stated herein are the sole obligation or liability on the part of CYLINKarising out of or in connection with the sale or performance of the products.Products Manufactured by Others - For products not manufactured by CYLINK the original manufacturer’swarranty shall be assigned to PURCHASER to the extent permitted and is in lieu of any other warranty,express or implied. For warranty information on a specific product, a written request should be made toCYLINK.IN NO EVENT WILL CYLINK BE LIABLE TO PURCHASER FOR (i) REPROCUREMENT COSTS; (ii) SPECIAL,INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES; (iii) ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSSOF USE, DATA OR PROFITS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT, OR THEUSE OF PERFORMANCE OF CYLINK PRODUCTS, REGARDLESS OF WHETHER THE CAUSE OF ACTIONIS IN CONTRACT, TORT, INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE, OR ANY OTHER FORM.No action, whether in contract or tort, including negligence, arising out of or in connection with thisAgreement, may be brought by either party more than eighteen (18) months after the cause of action hasaccrued, except that an action for nonpayment may be brought within eighteen (18) months of the date oflast payment.
Rev. A  - 8/97 vTable of ContentsPreface About This Manual............................................................................ixWho Should Read This Manual................................................................xHow to Use This Manual..........................................................................xManual Conventions................................................................................xiCustomer Support....................................................................................xiReader Response...................................................................................xiiChapter 1  Introduction................................................................................1-1Product Overview.................................................................................1-2Features..........................................................................................1-3Applications.........................................................................................1-3Front Panel Description.........................................................................1-4Rear Panel Description..........................................................................1-5Chapter 2  System Planning.........................................................................2-1Introduction..........................................................................................2-2Antenna Options...................................................................................2-2Omnidirectional Antenna................................................................2-2Directional Antenna........................................................................2-3Path Analysis.......................................................................................2-3Determining the Fade Margin..........................................................2-4System Gain..............................................................................2-4Antenna Gain............................................................................2-5Cable/Connector Loss................................................................2-5Free Space Path Loss.................................................................2-5Application Examples...........................................................................2-7Example 1:  Point-to-Point Application............................................2-7Example 2:  Point-to-Point Intercom Application..............................2-9Example 3:  Hub Application.........................................................2-11Chapter 3  Installation and Setup................................................................3-1System Setup........................................................................................3-2Switch Settings.....................................................................................3-2 VoiceXtender Switch Settings.........................................................3-3 VoiceXtender Switch Parameters....................................................3-4
vi Rev. A - 8/97Cabling the Modem...............................................................................3-6Installing the Antenna....................................................................3-6Connecting the Line/Phone Interface................................................3-7Cabling a Hub Application..............................................................3-8Connecting the Power......................................................................3-9System Startup...................................................................................3-10Directional Antenna Alignment.....................................................3-10Adjusting the Audio Receive Level................................................3-13Chapter 4  Troubleshooting..........................................................................4-1Operational Problems...........................................................................4-2Maintenance.........................................................................................4-3Appendix A  Specifications........................................................................A-1General Specifications.........................................................................A-2Interface Specifications........................................................................A-7Appendix B  Worksheets............................................................................B-1Appendix C  Glossary.................................................................................D-1Index...................................................................................................Index-1
Rev. A  - 8/97 viiList of Figures1-1  VoiceXtender....................................................................................1-21-2  VoiceXtender - Front Panel................................................................1-41-3  VoiceXtender - Rear Panel.................................................................1-52-1 Omnidirectional Antenna...................................................................2-22-2 Yagi Directional Antenna...................................................................2-32-3 Fade Margin Calculation....................................................................2-42-4 Point-to-Point Application.................................................................2-82-5 Point-to-Point Intercom Application...................................................2-92-6 Hub Application..............................................................................2-113-1 VoiceXtender  Switch Settings............................................................3-33-2 Connecting the Low-Gain Omnidirectional Antenna............................3-63-3 Connecting the Line and Phone Interface.............................................3-73-4 Burst Synchronization Cabling...........................................................3-83-5 Connecting the Power.........................................................................3-93-6 Antenna Alignment Flow Chart........................................................3-123-7 Volume Adjustment..........................................................................3-13A-1 Rear Panel RJ11 Connector.................................................................A-7A-2 Rear Panel Power Input Connector (Female DIN)................................A-7
viii Rev. A - 8/97List of Tables2-1 Free Space Path Loss Between Two Isotropic Radiators (in miles)........2-62-2 Free Space Path Loss Between Two Isotropic Radiators (metric)..........2-7A-1 General Specifications......................................................................A-2A-2 FXO Specifications...........................................................................A-2A-3 FXS Specifications............................................................................A-3A-4 Physical and Environmental Specifications.......................................A-3A-5 Connector Specifications....................................................................A-3A-6 Power Specifications.........................................................................A-4A-7 User Interface DIP Switches..............................................................A-4A-8 General Radio Frequency Specifications.............................................A-5A-9 Transmitter Specifications................................................................A-5A-10 RF Channel Frequencies -  VoiceXtender ............................................A-6A-11 Receiver Specifications.....................................................................A-6
Rev. A - 8/97 ixPPREFACEREFACEAbout This ManualAbout This ManualThe VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s Guide provides information toinstall, configure, monitor, and test the VoiceXtender. This sectiondescribes the intended audience for this manual, summarizes thecontents, explains the conventions, and provides customer supportand reader response information.Inside this section:Who Should Read This Manual..................................................xHow to Use This Manual.............................................................xManual Conventions...................................................................xiiCustomer Support..................................................................xiiiReader Response.....................................................................xiv
AirLink VoiceXtender  Modem Installer’s GuidePrefacexRev. A- 8/97Who Should Read This ManualThis manual is for people who will install, configure, and operate Cylink’sVoiceXtender modems.  The manual provides general guidelines on how toprepare for and configure the AirLink modems for use in a typical environment,including system planning, antenna options, and path analysis.  We assumethat you have experience with and an understanding of the concepts underlyingtelecommunications systems, as well as some familiarity with radio equipment.You must also have knowledge of all radio frequency and electrical safetypractices and regulations that apply to the installation site.How to Use This ManualEach of the chapters and appendices in this manual begin with an introductionto the contents of that portion of the manual. Before beginning the installationprocess, you should read the introductions to each chapter so that you knowwhat each portion provides.When you come to a procedure, skim through the entire procedure beforeperforming the step-by-step instructions. By doing this, you can prepare withthe appropriate information, equipment, and tools.The information in this manual is organized according to the sequence of tasksnecessary to plan for unpacking, installing, and configuring, as well as operatingand maintaining the VoiceXtender modem.
AirLink VoiceXtender  Modem Installer’s GuidePrefaceRev. A - 8/97 xiTitle DescriptionChapter 1Introduction Provides a general description of VoiceXtender  modems,including features and front and rear panel information.Chapter 2System Planning Provides information on configuration planning, pathanalysis, and typical applications.Chapter 3Installation and Setup Provides instructions on how install modems, configurethe DIP switches, cable the equipment, and align theantenna.Chapter 4Troubleshooting Provides information on troubleshooting and possibleoperational problems when using modems.Appendix ASpecifications Provides information on general specifications and radiointerface specifications.Appendix BWorksheets Assists in the system planning process by providing ameans to note VoiceXtender  configuration settings andmaintain a record of the settings.Appendix CGlossary Provides definitions for the terms commonly usedthroughout the manual.Index Provides a quick reference to assist you in locatingimportant terms in the manual.
AirLink VoiceXtender  Modem Installer’s GuidePrefacexii Rev. A- 8/97Manual ConventionsThe procedures and instructions in this manual use the following conventions:❚The two configuration switches on the unit are referred to as SW1 and SW2.Each switch consists of 8 individual ON/OFF switches that are referred toas SW1-1, SW1-2, SW2-1, SW2-2, etc.❚The following notes are used to add information, point to other importantconsiderations, or alert you to possible risks to you, your equipment, or yourdata.NOTE These standard text notes highlight important or additional information for you to consider.CAUTION These notes warn you of situations that could result in damage to your equipment or lossof data if you do not heed the instructions.WARNING These notes warn you of situations that could endanger your health or safety  if you do notheed the instructions.
AirLink VoiceXtender  Modem Installer’s GuidePrefaceRev. A - 8/97 xiiiCustomer SupportIf after reading this guide you encounter any trouble installing or using theVoiceXtender modem, please contact your local distributor. If problems are notresolved, you can call Cylink’s Customer Service for assistance. The telephonenumbers are:Domestic (U.S.):1-800-545-6608 Sunnyvale, CAInternational:1-408-735-5822 Sunnyvale, CA+65-297-6196 Singapore+44-1256-841919 United Kingdom+91-11-301-0090 India+92-21-215-7264 PakistanDomestic and International Customer Service fax:1-408-735-6641 Sunnyvale, CA+65-297-6195 Singapore+44-1256-24156 United Kingdom+91-11-379-3584 India+92-21-587-0065 PakistanYou can also contact Cylink’s Customer Support through the Internet at thefollowing email address:support@cylink.comIf you need to return equipment, call Customer Service to obtain a returnmaterial authorization (RMA) number prior to returning the equipment. TheRMA number must be on the outside of the shipping carton. When you call,please be prepared to provide the unit serial number, software version, and adetailed description of the problem.
AirLink VoiceXtender  Modem Installer’s GuidePrefacexiv Rev. A- 8/97Return all equipment to:Cylink Corporation1350 Bordeaux DriveSunnyvale, CA  94089Attn:  Repair and Return DepartmentRMA No: xxxxxxxxxxReader ResponseCylink’s technical publications department wants its documents to meet yourrequirements. To this end, your ideas about the documentation are valuable.After you have had a chance to read and use the guide, we encourage you tosubmit your comments toManager, Technical PublicationsCylink Corporation910 Hermosa CourtSunnyvale, CA  94086You can also submit your comments through the Internet at the followingaddress:techpubs@cylink.comCylink may use or distribute any of the information you supply in any way itbelieves appropriate without incurring any obligations whatsoever.
Rev. A - 8/97 1-1CCHAPTER HAPTER 11IntroductionIntroduction to the to theVoiceXtenderVoiceXtenderThis chapter contains an overview of the features andapplications of Cylink’s VoiceXtender  modems, and includesdescriptions of the front and rear panels.Inside this chapter:Product Overview.................................................................1-2Applications............................................................................1-3Front Panel Description.......................................................1-4Rear Panel Description........................................................1-5
VoiceXtender Installer’s GuideIntroduction1-2 Rev. A - 8/97Product OverviewCylink’s family of modems provide a wireless solution for data and voiceconnectivity using spread spectrum technology (902 to 928 MHz frequency band).VoiceXtender modems support 2-wire voice.Figure 1-1VoiceXtender
VoiceXtender Installer’s GuideIntroductionRev. A - 8/97 1-3FeaturesVoiceXtender (VX) modems provide the following features:❚  Increased modem data rate to 28.8 Kbps❚  Enables the maximum performance through a voice modem-CODEXconnection❚  Caller Number Delivery and Signaling❚902 to 928 MHz operating frequency❚Selectable channels❚Selectable output power❚Optional omnidirectional or directional antennas❚Power on and radio synchronization status indicators❚Hub (several co-located terminals) configurability❚Adjustable audio receive (ear piece) level.The VoiceXtender replaces the wired connection between a standard telephoneand the on-premises switch or centrex with a radio link. Both foreign exchangestation (FXS) and foreign exchange office (FXO) loop-start signaling aresupported. The VoiceXtender provides a standard ringer current for thetelephone ringer.With the Caller Number Delivery feature, modulation is digitized by the VX64 and converted at the receiving end within the specified three seconds.ApplicationsVX modems can be configured for point-to-point applications to provide a radiolink between telephone devices.  Several VX modems can be connected in a hubconfiguration to allow even greater flexibility in the arrangement of telephoneequipment.
VoiceXtender Installer’s GuideIntroduction1-4 Rev. A - 8/97Front Panel DescriptionThe front of the VoiceXtender modem contains two green visual indicators:❚POWER—this indicator illuminates when the modem is plugged intothe power outlet and is receiving power.❚SYNC—this indicator illuminates when the channel is ready fortransmission (the RF link is up). When this indicator is flashing, theRF link is not well established. When this indicator is off, the RF linkis down.Figure 1-2 shows the front panel of an VoiceXtender modem. For moreinformation on indicators, refer to the section entitled “System Startup” inChapter 3, “Installation and Setup.”Figure 1-2VoiceXtender (VX) Modem - Front Panel
VoiceXtender Installer’s GuideIntroductionRev. A - 8/97 1-5Rear Panel DescriptionThe VoiceXtender modem is easily configured using the configuration switcheslocated at the rear of the modem. All connections are also located at the rear asshown in Figure 1-3.The  following list describes the items on the rear panel:❚Antenna connector (ANT) is a female N-type connector for connection toeither an omnidirectional or directional antenna❚Female BNC connector for burst synchronization signal (SYNC) toconnect the synchronizing unit to synchronized modems in a hubconfiguration or slave unit to master unit in a repeater application❚Two configuration switches, each consisting of eight individualON/OFF switches❚RJ11-type modular connector for the line or phone connection❚5-pin female DIN connector for the external power supply❚System grounding studFor information on applications, refer to Chapter 2, “System Planning.”  Forinformation on cabling and switch settings, refer to Chapter 3, “Installation andSetup.”  Information on specific cable pin signals can be found in Appendix A,“Specifications.”Figure 1-3VoiceXtender Modem - Rear Panel
Rev.  A - 8/97 2-1CCHAPTER HAPTER 22System PlanningSystem PlanningThis chapter contains some general planning requirements andconsiderations to prepare for a quick and efficient installation of yourVoiceXtender modems, including antenna options, path analysis, andsample applications.   Inside this chapter:Introduction............................................................................2-2Antenna Options....................................................................2-2Path Analysis..........................................................................2-3Application Examples............................................................2-8
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem Planning2-2 Rev.  A - 8/97IntroductionThe installation procedure and effectiveness of the radio link vary dependingupon the following items:❚Type of antenna used❚Distances, height, and line-of-sight between the antennas❚Distance between the modem and antenna.The following sections provide guidelines on how to prepare for theinstallation and successful operation of VoiceXtender (VX) modems, and includeexamples of typical applications.Antenna OptionsVX modems can be used with omnidirectional or directional antennas.  Theseantennas are typically mounted on the roof of a building and are connected tothe VX modem with 50 Ohm coaxial cable.Omnidirectional AntennasAn omnidirectional antenna is capable of transmitting or receiving signals fromall directions in a horizontal plane, with equal power in each direction.  It issimilar to dropping a stone in a pool and seeing rings emanating from the center.Refer to Figure 2-1.Figure 2-1Omnidirectional Antenna
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem PlanningRev. A - 8/97 2-3Directional AntennaA directional antenna focuses the RF energy in a specific direction.  When usinga directional antenna, it should be properly directed toward the opposite end ofthe link.NOTE In many countries, interference from cellular phones and pagers can be present in manyenvironments.  Because these interfering signals exist in a vertical plane, an efficientmethod to reduce their effect is to position the directional antenna in a horizontal plane(horizontal polarization).  The interference rejection will be 15 - 20 dB.Figure 2-2Yagi Directional AntennaNOTE  Antennas are described in the accessory list available from your distributor, and can bepurchased from Cylink or a Cylink distributor.Path AnalysisPath analysis examines the direction and length of a desired line-of-sightpath, the equipment being considered, antenna gain, cable loss, and theenvironmental context (terrain and climate).  It also determines the projectedpath loss.  In situations where a clear line-of-sight path of less than five milesexists, path analysis might not be necessary.  Otherwise, it is recommendedthat a path analysis be performed.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem Planning2-4 Rev.  A - 8/97If a complete path analysis is necessary, Cylink Customer Support can helpwith the calculation as long as exact coordinates of the location are known (U.S. only).Determining the Fade MarginTo achieve reliable communication, the radio link must have an averagereceived signal level high enough to protect the link against fluctuations in thesignal power due to multipath fading and other anomalous propagationconditions.  This safety factor is referred to as the fade margin.  The fade margin is a measure of how much additional signal attenuation thesystem can endure without dropping below the required Bit Error Rate (BER)level.  A fade margin of 15 dB or more is sufficient in most situations.Use the following formula to calculate the fade margin (see Figure 2-3):Fade Margin = GSG + GANT - LCL - LPLwhere GSG is the total system gain (measured in dB), GANT is the total antennagain of both antennas (measured in dBi), LCL is the total connector/cable loss ofall cables (measured in dB), and LPL is the path loss (measured in dB).  Theseare described in more detail below.The reliability of the link is related to the fade margin and is stated asAvailability (in percent) or annual outage time (in minutes).Figure 2-3Fade Margin Calculation
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem PlanningRev. A - 8/97 2-5System GainSystem gain is the total gain of the radio system, without any consideration ofthe antennas or cables.  It is the arithmetic difference between the transmitter’soutput power and the receiver’s sensitivity threshold.  System gain (GSG in theformula) is measured in dB.  To calculate the system gain, subtract the receiversensitivity from the transmitter power:(Transmit Power) - (Receiver Sensitivity) = (System Gain)For example, the system gain for the VX at maximum power is 127 dB.(+29 dBm) - (-98 dBm) = 127 dBAntenna GainAntenna gain is the measure of the antenna’s ability to focus the radiofrequency (RF) energy into a preferred direction.  Antenna gain (GANT in theformula) is measured in dBi—the ratio between the power radiated by theantenna in a specific direction over the power radiated to that direction by anisotropic antenna fed by the same transmitter.  An isotropic antenna radiates asignal evenly in all directions.  Refer to the antenna manufacturer’s information to determine the antenna gainfor the antenna you will be using.  Some antennas are specified in dBd.  Thisnumber can be converted to dBi by adding 2 dB.Cable/Connector LossA directional antenna is connected to the VX modem with a coaxial cable.  Thecable loss (LCL in the formula) is measured in dB, and depends on the cablelength and the type of cable you are using. You can use any 50 ohm coaxial cablewhose loss in dB per hundred feet is low enough (3 - 15 dB) so as not to contributesignificantly to the total link loss.  Quality cables with less than 7 dB loss perhundred feet are sold by Cylink and Cylink distributors.Free Space Path LossDue to reflections from the ground and other objects, the actual path lossbetween the transmitting and receiving antennas might differ significantlyfrom the calculated path loss when both antennas are placed in a “free space”environment.  Unfortunately, the additional loss due to these effects is difficultto calculate and requires precise knowledge of the geometry of the link andsurrounding materials which, in most cases, is not available.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem Planning2-6 Rev.  A - 8/97Typically, the largest contributor to “link loss” is the loss of power as thesignal travels through space.  This contribution, called Free Space Path Loss,can be easily calculated as follows:  To determine the free space path loss,determine the distance between the VX modems for your application and referto Table 2-1, or use the following formula:attenuation in dB = [96. 6 + 20 LOG (distance in miles) + 20 LOG (frequency in GHz)]Table 2-1Free Space Path Loss Between Two Isotropic RadiatorsDistance(Miles) Path Loss@ 915 MHz(L-Band)1 96 dB2 102 dB3 105 dB4 108 dB5 110 dB6 111 dB7 113 dB8 114 dB9 115 dB10 116 dB15 120 dB20 123 dB25 125 dB30 126 dB
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem PlanningRev. A - 8/97 2-7Table 2-2Free Space Path Loss Between Two Isotropic RadiatorsDistance(kilometers) Path Loss@ 915 MHz(L-Band)1 92 dB2 98 dB3 101 dB4 104 dB5 106 dB6 107 dB7 109 dB8 110 dB9 111 dB10 112 dB15 115 dB20 118 dB25 120 dB30 121 dB35 123 dB40 124 dB50 126 dBNOTE The calculation for attenuation using kilometers is:attenuation in dB = [92. 4 + 20 LOG (distance in kilometers) + 20 LOG (frequency in GHz)]
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem Planning2-8 Rev.  A - 8/97Application ExamplesVoiceXtender modems can be used in point-to-point or hub configurations.  Thefollowing subsections show typical examples of each of these applications, andinclude configuration information for the modems.  For detailed information on configuration parameters and switch settings, referto Chapter 3, “Installation and Setup. ”Example 1:  Point-to-Point ApplicationIn this application, a remote telephone is connected to the main PublicSwitched Telecommunications Network (PSTN) network.  This allows theremote telephone to communicate with any telephone connected to the PSTNnetwork.  As shown in Figure 2-4, the VoiceXtender provides a point-to-pointradio voice link between the remote telephone and the PSTN network.Figure 2-4Point-to-Point ApplicationYou will only need to configure the parameters on each modem.  The followinglist describes the parameters for this particular application.❚RF Channel:  Any of the ten available channels can be used.  Choose achannel that is not being interfered with.  The channel selected for masterand slave units must be the same.(SW1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4)❚Transmit Output Power:  Typically, the minimum necessary power isrecommended for most applications.  Both units in a link need not be set tothe same power level.(SW1-5, 1-6, 1-7)
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem PlanningRev. A - 8/97 2-9❚Burst Synchronization Timing:  The master and slave are both configuredfor internal burst synchronization.(SW1-8 ON)❚Phone/Line:  The switch must indicate which AirLink modem is connectedto the phone and which modem is connected to the line.  In this example,Unit A would be set to Phone and Unit B would be set to Line.(SW2-1)❚Master/Slave:  One AirLink modem must be specified as a master and one asa slave.(SW2-2)❚Sleep/Normal:  Set both modems to Normal.(SW2-3 OFF)❚Pseudo-Random Noise Sequence:  Specify the same pseudo-random noise(PN) sequence on both AirLinks.  PN sequence numbers range from 1 to 8.(SW2-6, 2-7, 2-8)Example 2:  Point-to-Point Intercom ApplicationIn this application, two telephones are connected in an intercom configuration.In this configuration, when either phone is taken off-hook, the other telephonewill ring.  The two telephones can only communicate with each other, and arenot connected to any networks.   As shown in Figure 2-5, VoiceXtender modemsare used to provide a point-to-point radio voice intercom link between the twotelephones.  Figure 2-5Point-to-Point Intercom ApplicationYou only need to configure the parameters on each modem.  The following listdescribes the parameters for this particular application.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem Planning2-10 Rev.  A - 8/97❚RF Channel:  For the VoiceXtender, any of the ten available channels canbe used.  Choose a channel that is not being interfered with.  The channelselected for master and slave units must be the same.(SW1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4)❚Transmit Output Power:  The minimum required power is typicallyrecommended for most applications.  Both units in a link need not be set tothe same power level.(SW1-5, 1-6, 1-7)❚Burst Synchronization Timing:  The master and slave are both configuredfor internal burst synchronization.(SW1-8 ON)❚Phone/Line:  The switch must be set to the Phone position on both AirLinkmodems.(SW2-1 OFF)❚Master/Slave:  One modem must be specified as a master and one as a slave.(SW2-2)❚Sleep/Normal:  Set both modems to Normal.(SW2-3 OFF)❚Pseudo-Random Noise Sequence:  Specify the same pseudo-random noise(PN) sequence on both modems.  PN sequence numbers range from 1 to 8.(SW2-6, 2-7, 2-8)Example 3:  Hub ApplicationIn this application, several telephones are connected to the switch or centrex inthe same building.  As shown in Figure 2-6, VoiceXtender modems are used in ahub configuration.  Because the telephones and switch are located in the samebuilding, the low-gain omnidirectional antenna provided with the unit can beused.  No path analysis is required with an omnidirectional antenna and shortdistances.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem PlanningRev. A - 8/97 2-11Figure 2-6Hub ApplicationYou need to configure each modem.  The following list describes the parametersfor this particular application.  ❚RF Channel:  Each AirLink modem pair is assigned a unique channel toavoid interference.  In this example, channels 1, 3, and 5 are recommended.(SW1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4)❚Transmit Output Power:  Typically, the minimum required power isrecommended for most applications.  However, the transmit power for theslave modems must be set to minimize the adjacent channel interference atthe hub units.(SW1-5, 1-6, 1-7)❚Burst Synchronization Timing:  In a hub configuration where there aremultiple modem pairs, it is critical that all the master modems transmitand receive at the same time to minimize inter-channel interference.  In this case, one modem (the synchronizing  unit) is configured for internalburst timing.  All other master modems (the synchronized units) areconfigured for external burst timing and synchronize their transmit bursts tothe signal from the synchronizing master.  The slave modems are configuredfor internal burst timing and derive their burst synchronization from theirreceived RF signal.  (SW1-8)❚Phone/Line:  On the master modems, the Phone/Line switch must be set tothe Line position.  On the slave modems, the Phone/Line switch must be setto the Phone position.(SW2-1)
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSystem Planning2-12 Rev.  A - 8/97❚Master/Slave:  The modems connected to the switch or centrex (all in onelocation) are configured as masters, and the modems connected to thetelephones are configured as slaves.  (SW2-2)❚Sleep/Normal:  Set all modems to Normal.(SW2-3 OFF)❚Pseudo-Random Noise Sequence:  For each modem pair, specify a uniquepseudo-random noise (PN) sequence to help separate adjacent channels.  Inthis example, channel 1 uses PN sequence 1, channel 3 uses PN sequence 2,and channel 5 uses PN sequence 3.(SW2-6, 2-7, 2-8)NOTE VoiceXtender modems can be burst synchronized with other VoiceXtender VX64modemsand with AirLink model 64MP, 128 and 256 data modems.  If VX64 modems are burstsynchronized with data modems, one of the data modems must be configured as thesynchronizing unit.
Rev. A - 8/97 3-1CCHAPTER HAPTER 33Installation and SetupInstallation and SetupThis chapter contains information on how to install, configure, andcable your VoiceXtender modem. The procedures and descriptions inthis chapter assume you have read Chapter 2, “System Planning.”Inside this chapter:System Setup........................................................................3-2Switch Settings....................................................................3-2Cabling the Modem................................................................3-6System Startup..................................................................3-10
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and Setup3-2 Rev. A - 8/97System SetupEnsure that each shipping container includes these items:❚One AirLink VoiceXtender modem❚One external power supply with cord❚Omnidirectional antenna❚RJ11 cables❚This document.Depending on your specific application, you may need to purchase the followingadditional items from Cylink or your distributor to install the modem at yoursite.❚For hub applications, a coaxial cable (RG-58 is recommended) and BNC“Tee” connectors to connect the modems designated as synchronizing andsynchronized units.❚A high-gain omnidirectional or directional antenna, and coaxial cableto connect the antenna to the modemNOTE Save the shipping cartons and packing materials. You will need the carton and materials ifyou ever need to ship the equipment elsewhere.Check the materials against the packing list to make sure that you havereceived everything. If something is missing or if you discover shippingdamage, contact your distributor.Switch SettingsThe modem is configured through two configuration switches (each with a blockof eight ON/OFF switches) located at the rear of the modem.NOTE A label showing the configuration switch settings is attached to the bottom of the modem.The label provides a quick reference of the switch settings. .To set the switch to the “ON” position, push the switch up, toward the topcover of the modem. To set the switch to the “OFF” position, push the switchdown, toward the bottom of the modem.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and SetupRev. A - 8/97 3-3NOTE Settings not specified on this chart are reserved for future use, and should not be used.To assist you in setting the configuration switches, use the Switch ConfigurationWorksheets provided in Appendix B to record the appropriate settings for yourapplication.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and Setup3-4 Rev. A - 8/97VoiceXtender Switch SettingsFigure 3-1AirLink VoiceXtender VX64 Switch SettingsVoiceXtender Switch ParametersRF Channel Switches (SW1-1 through SW1-4)These switches set the center frequency of each RF channel used by the modem.The frequency ranges from 902 to 928 MHz and is divided into ten channels. The
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and SetupRev. A - 8/97 3-5center frequency assigned to each channel has been chosen to provide thegreatest flexibility of use. The VoiceXtender VX64 modem requires a segment ofbandwidth that is only one channel wide. Therefore, all nine channels areavailable for voice applications.Each modem used in a “logical” application (e.g., the master and slave units ofa single point-to-point link) must be configured with the same channel.Transmit Output Power Switches (SW1-5 through SW1-7)These switches set the power level for the VX modem. The transmit level youselect depends on local regulations and your application; however, theminimum required power normally is recommended for most applications.Depending upon the application, the setting selected as the transmit outputpower is also used to determine the system gain. For more information, refer toPath Analysis in Chapter 2, “System Planning.”Burst Synchronization Timing Switch (SW1-8)This switch sets the timing used to synchronize the communication betweenmodems - either Internal Burst Timing or External Burst Timing.When an modem pair operates independently (point-to-point application), theslave and master modems are configured for internal burst timing. (Slave unitsare always configured for internal burst timing.)In a hub configuration where there is more than one modem pair, it is criticalthat all the modems transmit and receive at the same time to minimize inter-channel interference. In this case, the synchronizing modem is configured forinternal burst timing and the synchronized modems are configured for externalburst timing. The burst synchronization signal is derived from the transmitclock source of the synchronizing modem through the sync connection.See the hub configuration is illustrated in Chapter 2, “System Planning.”NOTE VoiceXtender modems can be burst synchronized with other VoiceXtender modems andwith model 64MP, 128 and 256 AirLink data modems. If VoiceXtender modems are burstsynchronized with AirLink data modems, one of the data modems must be configured asthe synchronizing unit.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and Setup3-6 Rev. A - 8/97Phone/Line Switch (SW2-1)This switch sets the modem connection to the phone or the line. When themodem is set for Phone, it provides a standard ring current to ring the phone.(The current is sufficient to ring at least five phones.)Master/Slave Switch (SW2-2)This switch sets the modem to be a master unit or slave unit. One modem in thepair must be the master and the other modem must be the slave. The mastermodem transmits continuous bursts while the slave transmits only in response tothe master as long as the slave’s RTS is activated.Sleep/Normal Mode Switch (SW2-3)This switch sets the modem’s communication status. When set to Normal mode,the modems can communicate and the green SYNC light will be illuminated.When set to Sleep mode, the green SYNC light is off and the modems cannotcommunicate until the switch is returned to the Normal (OFF) position.Pseudo-Random Noise Sequence Switches (SW2-6 through SW2-8)These switches set the pseudo-random noise (PN) sequence (1 through 8) for themodem. This is the bit sequence that actually spreads the spectrum.The modem pair (the master and slave) must be configured for the same PNsequence. Different PN sequences are used to reduce inter-channel and co-channel interference between modem pairs. All PN codes are equally effective.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and SetupRev. A - 8/97 3-7Cabling the ModemHow the modem is cabled depends on your application. Use the guidelines inthe following subsections to assist you in cabling the modem.Before cabling the modem, ensure that the configuration switches (described inthe previous sub-section) are set correctly for each modem.Installing the AntennaAs shown in Figure 3-2, the antenna is connected to the rear of the modemthrough the antenna connector (labeled ANT).CAUTION When testing the radios prior to installation, do not connect the antenna connector of oneradio to the antenna connector of another radio. Doing so can cause severe damage tothe receiver.Figure 3-2Connecting a Low-Gain Omnidirectional AntennaWhen using a high-gain omnidirectional or directional antenna, a coaxial cableis used to connect the antenna to the modem. For more information on antennainstallation, refer to “Antenna Alignment” in this chapter and themanufacturer’s documentation that accompanies the antenna.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and Setup3-8 Rev. A - 8/97System GroundingDirect grounding of the antenna, mast, and tower provides some protectionagainst lightning strikes and static buildup. A direct electrical connectionshould be made to a suitable grounding rod at the base of the tower or mast usingat least #10 AWG ground wire, or its equivalent, and non-corrosive hardware.For details and safety standards, consult the appropriate electrical code or asimilar document. Use lightning arrestors in appropriate places.Connecting the Line/Phone InterfaceThe RJ11-type modular connector (labeled RJ11 on the modem) is provided toconnect your phone or the line from the network (Figure 3-3).The slave modem typically is connected to the phone and the master modem isconnected to the line because in a hub configuration the master modems must becentrally located for burst synchronization. It is possible, however, thatseveral master modems connected to a combination of phones or lines can also behub configured, as long as they are co-located.The switch settings determine whether the connector is used for a phone or aline. Ensure that the switch settings correspond to the correct cabling for theline and phone.Figure 3-3Connecting the Line and Phone Interface
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and SetupRev. A - 8/97 3-9For an intercom application (private line), connect only the phones to themaster and slave modems. When you pick up one phone, the modemautomatically rings the other phone (you will hear a clicking sound on yourphone that indicates that the other end is ringing).Signal assignments for the RJ11 can be found in Appendix A, ”Specifications.”Cabling a Hub ApplicationIf you have a hub application where more than one pair of AirLink modems isrequired, you must cable the co-located modems together with a coaxial cable sothat all the modems transmit and receive synchronously.Cable the Burst Sync connector (labeled SYNC on the modem) of thesynchronizing modem to the Burst Sync port of the synchronized master modem(see Figure 3-4). When connecting more than one synchronized master modem,attach BNC “Tee” adapters to the Burst Sync connector of all but the last of thedownstream master modems. For most applications, up to 20 meters total ofcable can be used between AirLink modems and up to 16 master modems can beconnected.NOTE Ensure that all cable connections are secure.VoiceXtender modems can be burst synchronized with other VoiceXtender modems andwith model 64MP, 128 and 256 AirLink data modems. If VoiceXtender modems are burstsynchronized with AirLink data modems, one of the data modems must be configured asthe synchronizing unit.Figure 3-4Burst Synchronization Cabling
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and Setup3-10 Rev. A - 8/97NOTE Burst synchronizing cable and tee connectors are available from Cylink and Cylinkdistributors. RG-58 coaxial cable is recommended.Connecting the PowerThe VX uses an external power supply that is provided with the modem (Figure3-5). To apply power to the modem, plug the five-pin DIN connector of thepower supply cable into the modem (labeled POWER). Next, plug the ACpower cord into the power supply, then into the grounded electrical outlet.Connect the ground stud on the back of the modem to the radio system ground.WARNING To avoid the danger of electrical shock or power loss, ensure that the power cord issecurely seated in the receptacle on the modem. This equipment is designed to work withelectrically grounded systems. The product’s AC power cord ends in a three-polegrounding plug. Do not use a three-pole to two-pole adapter with the plug.Verify that the outlet you intend to use is properly installed and grounded; the outlet usedmust comply with the local electrical code for the country it is installed in. To ensure yoursafety, only connect the power cable to a properly grounded outlet.Pin assignments for the DIN connector can be found in Appendix A,“Specifications.”Figure 3-5Connecting the Power
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and SetupRev. A - 8/97 3-11NOTE DC power supplies are available from Cylink or Cylink distributors.System StartupAfter configuring and cabling the modems (master and slave), the greenPOWER indicator on the front of the modem will be illuminated. If thePOWER indicator is not on, ensure that the connection is secure.If the modems are communicating, the SYNC indicator on the front of eachmodem will be illuminated. If the SYNC indicator is not illuminated, it ispossible that the fade margin was not accurately determined or the antennasare not properly aligned. See the following section about properly aligning theantennas.Directional Antenna AlignmentTo ensure that the modems are operating optimally when directional antennasare used, it is important that the antennas are aligned properly. Coarsely alignthe antenna to ensure that you are on the peak of the main lobe, then fine tunethe alignment. In addition to physically adjusting the direction of the antenna,you might need to adjust the transmit power level, using the configurationswitches on the unit.To align the antenna, use the following two procedures and refer to the flowchart shown in Figure 3-6.Procedures to Coarsely Align the AntennaThe first step in the antenna alignment process is to coarsely align the antennaon each unit using the following steps:1. With the configuration switch located on the rear of the modem, set theTransmit Level to full power on both modems.See the Switch Configuration section in this chapter for more details.2. Move each antenna until the SYNC indicator on the modem is illuminated.When the SYNC indicator is illuminated, it indicates that the link isestablished; however, the antenna can be aligned on a side lobe rather thanthe main lobe.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and Setup3-12 Rev. A - 8/97Procedures for Fine Tuning the Antenna AlignmentThe second step in the antenna alignment process is to fine tune the antenna toensure that the link is operating at the center of the main lobe.  To fine tune theantenna alignment, systematically adjust the transmit power by using thefollowing steps:1. Set the master modem Transmit Level to 1 milliwatt.The link will go down, and the SYNC indicator will go out. The slavemodem should still be at full power.2. Increment the Transmit Level on the master modem, then slowly rotate theantenna to attempt to illuminate the SYNC indicator on the slave.Continue to cycle through the Transmit Levels and rotate the antenna ateach cycle until the SYNC indicator is illuminated.When the SYNC indicator is illuminated, it indicates that the antenna iscorrectly aligned on the main lobe.3. Once the SYNC indicator is illuminated, note the Transmit Level, andrepeat steps 1 and 2 on the other modem.4. Once both antennas have been finely tuned, the effective fade margin can becalculated using the ratio of full power to the minimum power necessary toilluminate the SYNC indicator.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and SetupRev. A - 8/97 3-13Figure 3-6Antenna Alignment Flow Chart
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideInstallation and Setup3-14 Rev. A - 8/97Adjusting the Audio Receive LevelThe audio and listening volume of a telephone (or line) connected to theVoiceXtender modem can be adjusted using the Audio Receive Level control onthe bottom of the AirLink modem (see Figure 3-7).Figure 3-7Volume AdjustmentUsing a small blade-type screwdriver, turn the control clockwise to increase thelevel, or counter-clockwise to decrease it.NOTE This adjustment is completely independent of the RF system and does not affect thetransmit power level.
Rev. A - 8/97 4-1CCHAPTER HAPTER 44TroubleshootingTroubleshootingThis chapter contains information on solving possible operationalproblems when using VoiceXtender modems.Inside this chapter:Operational Problems..........................................................4-2Maintenance............................................................................4-3
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideTroubleshooting4-2 Rev. A - 8/97Operational ProblemsFollowing are some possible operational problems you might encounter whenusing the  modem. If you encounter any of these problems, we recommend goingthrough the following check list to resolve the problem before contactingCylink Customer Support.The primary tool used to troubleshoot the modem is the SYNC indicator on thefront panel of the modem.SYNC INDICATOR is OFF, and was never ON before❚Is the POWER light ON?  Verify correct input power.❚Are both modems set to the same channel?❚Are both units set to the same PN code?❚Is the burst timing switch in the correct position?❚Is the master/slave switch in the correct position?❚Check cable connections.❚Check antenna connection and alignment.SYNC INDICATOR is OFF, but was ON before❚Is the POWER light ON?  Verify correct input power.❚Check switch settings. Have they been changed?❚Check the cable connections.❚Check antenna connection and alignment.SYNC INDICATOR is ON, but there is no voice transmission❚Check phone and line connections.❚Check that audio level control is not turned completely down.AUDIO VOLUME is too low.❚Adjust audio receive level on the bottom of the modem.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideTroubleshootingRev. A - 8/97 4-3MaintenanceWhen cleaning the unit, use a soft, moist, lint-free cloth. DO NOT USEabrasive or chemical cleaners. Cylink will perform any other necessarymaintenance, including component replacements and internal adjustments.
Rev. A - 8/97 A-1AAPPENDIX PPENDIX AASpecificationsSpecificationsThis appendix contains the specifications for VoiceXtender modems.Inside this appendix:General Specifications........................................................A-2Interface Specifications.....................................................A-7
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSpecificationsA-2 Rev. A - 8/97General SpecificationsTable A-1General SpecificationsGeneralOperates as a cordless phone or as an intercom.2-wire loop start signalingCordless phone: FXO (Interfacing phone), FXS (Interfacing line)(see Tables A-2 and A-3.)Intercom: Both units set FXO (Interfacing phone)(see Table A-2.)Operates with standard DTMF (EIA-470) phones600 Ohm termination impedance, tolerance ± 5%End to End SINAD of 30-36 dB over the voice band (200-3400 Hz)End to End Audio Loss/Gain: Adjustable to maximum of + 3 dBAudio muting during link fadesDTMF Address Signaling (Dial Pulse optional)Meets FCC Part 68 ComplianceTable A-2FXO SpecificationsFXO (Interfacing Phone) SignalingBattery feed circuitry maintains loop current of 16 mA into maximum of 1.0 kilohm Loopresistance (this includes phone load).  Maximum Feed Current 100 mARings maximum of 5 REN-B Loads.Ring signal is a filtered squarewave with nominal voltage 86Vp and nominal frequency 20Hz.Ring cadence of 2 sec ON and 4 sec OFFRing tripping in less than 200 msec
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSpecificationsRev. A - 8/97 A-3Table A-3FXS SpecificationsFXS (Interfacing Line) SignalingMaximum Holding current of 100 mA without audio distortionDetects ring signals of 40 - 110 Vrms @ 17-34 HzRinger equivalence (REN):  0.3A (U.S.)Load Number:  7 (Canada)Table A-4Physical  and Environmental SpecificationsParameter SpecificationDimensions Height 2.125 inches (55 mm)Width 8.5 inches (215 mm)Depth 10.5 inches (265 mm)Weight 4 pounds (2 kg)Construction Aluminum outer housing and inner chassisUser Interface Front Panel indicatorsPOWER:  Power On/OffSYNC: Radio Link OK/DownRear PanelExternal Switches for configurationOperating Temperature -34° to 74° CStorage Temperature -40° to 80° CRelative Humidity Up to 95% non condensingShock and Vibration NSTA Project 2A compliantTable A-5Connector SpecificationsParameter SpecificationAntenna Connector N-Type (female)Burst Synchronization Connector BNC (female), used for Hub SynchronizationPhone/Line Connector RJ11-type, 6-position modular jackPower Connector 5-pin DIN Connector (female)
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSpecificationsA-4 Rev. A - 8/97Table A-6Power SpecificationsParameter SpecificationExternal AC Power Supply:InputPower CableOutputDimensionsWeight100-250 VAC @ 50/60 Hz, 0.3-0.7AAccording to model ordered+5, ± 12 VDC, cable terminated with 5-pin male DINConnectorHeight 2.00 inches    (50.8 mm)Width 3.40 inches    (86.4 mm)Length 5.87 inches    (149.1 mm)1.3 pounds (.6 kg)Maximum Power Consumption:(power supply plus AirLink) AC Power Supply - 23 WattsDC Power Supply - 21 WattsTable A-7User Interface Configuration Switches(See Chapter 3, “Installation and Setup” for details.)Switch SettingSW1-1 through SW1-4 Radio Frequency ChannelSW1-5 through SW1-7 Transmit Output PowerSW1-8 Internal Burst Timing or  External Burst TimingSW2-1 Phone or LineSW2-2 Master Unit or Slave UnitSW2-3 Sleep Mode or Normal ModeSW2-4 and SW2-5 Not UsedSW2-6 through SW2-8 PN Sequence
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSpecificationsRev. A - 8/97 A-5Table A-8General Radio Frequency SpecificationsParameter SpecificationFrequency Range 902 - 928 MHzRadio Technology Spread Spectrum using Direct SequencePN Sequence Length 32 bitsModulation Technique Bi-Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Non-CoherentReceiverChannel Bandwidth 5.1 MHzTransmission Delay 5.1 msecSync Word Length 16 bitsProcessing Gain 12 dBSystem Gain(not including antenna gain) 127 dBTransmission Distance Up to ~10 miles with 2 Yagi directional antennas anda direct line-of-sight.Table A-9Transmitter SpecificationsParameter SpecificationNumber of RF Channels (switchselectable) 10 ( all non-overlapping)Frequency Source SynthesizedBandwidth 2.6 MHzCarrier Frequency Stability ± 10 ppmOutput Power  (switch selectable)Tolerance29 dBm (800 mW) maximum with29 dB of dynamic range± 1dB over all RF channels± 1 dB from 0 to 50° C
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSpecificationsA-6 Rev. A - 8/97Table A-10RF Channel Frequencies - AirLink VoiceXtender VX64Channel Number Frequency (MHz)1904.6002 907.1993 909.7994 912.3985 914.9986 917.5977 920.1968 922.7969 925.395Table A-11Receiver SpecificationsParameter SpecificationAcquisition Time during preamble bitsNoise Figure 5 dB maximumReceive Sensitivity -98 dBm (@ SINAD 30-36 dB over 200-3400 Hz)Receive Overload Threshold > -10 dBmC/I (Carrier Over Interference)Tolerance 0 dB**This number is an average value for 9 uniformly spaced discrete frequencies inthe band defined by:  fc - fchip to fc + fchip  where fchip is 2.56 Mbps.CAUTION When testing the radios prior to installation, do not connect the antenna connector of oneradio to the antenna connector of another radio.  Doing so can cause severe damage tothe receiver.
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideSpecificationsRev. A - 8/97 A-7Interface SpecificationsFigure A-1Rear Panel RJ11-Type Modular JackFigure A-2Rear Panel Power Input Connector  (Female DIN)
Rev. A- 8/97 B-1AAPPENDIX PPENDIX BBWorksheetWorksheetThis appendix contains a Configuration Worksheet to use to record theconfiguration settings for your modems.  Before installing andconfiguring the modem, read Chapter 2, “System Planning.”Inside this Appendix:Configuration Worksheet...................................................B-2
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideWorksheetsB-2 Rev.  A- 8/97VX Switch Configuration WorksheetID/Name: Serial Number:Location: Antenna Type:SWITCH PARAMETERS VALUES SETTINGSW1-1 through SW1-4 RF Channel      (MHz)    1    2    3 41(904.600) ON ON ON ON2 (907.199) ON ON ON OFF3 (909.799) ON ON OFF ON4 (913.398) ON ON OFF OFF5 (914.998) ON OFF  ON ON6 (917.597) ON OFF ON OFF7 (920.196) ON OFF OFF ON8 (922.796) ON OFF OFF OFF9 (925.395) OFF ON ON ONSW1-5 through SW1-7 Transmit Power (milliwatts)    5    6    71(0 dBm) OFF OFF OFF3 (5 dBm) OFF OFF ON10(10 dBm) OFF ON OFF32(15 dBm) OFF ON ON100(20 dBm) ON OFF OFF250(24 dBm) ON OFF ON500(27 dBm ON ON OFF800(29 dBm) ON ON ONSW1-8 BurstSynchronizationTiming   8Internal Burst Timing ONExternal Burst Timing OFFSW2-1 Line/Phone   1Line ONPhone OFFSW2-2 Master/Slave Unit    2Slave Unit ONMaster Unit OFFSW2-3 Normal/SleepMode 3Sleep ONNormal OFFSW2-4 andSW2-5 Reserved N/A N/ASW2-6 andSW2-8 PN Sequence 6 7 81OFF OFF OFF2 OFF OFF ON3 OFF ON OFF4 OFF ON ON5 ON OFF OFF6 ON OFF ON7 ON ON OFF8 ON ON ON
Rev. A - 8/97 C-1AAPPENDIX PPENDIX CCGlossaryGlossaryThis appendix contains an alphabetical list and description of technicalterms used in this document.
AirLink VoiceXtender VX64 Modem Installer’s GuideGlossaryC-2 Rev. A - 8/97Antenna A transmitting or receiving device for radiated waves.  Theantenna acts as a form of matching transformer for waves along aline and waves in space so that the maximum transfer of energycan be achieved.Antenna Gain Antenna gain is a measure of the efficiency of an antennacompared with the efficiency of a standard reference antenna.The efficiency is measured in terms of the power radiated orreceived in a given direction as compared with the standardunder the same conditions.Asynchronous DataTransmission The transmission of data in which each character is a self-contained unit with its own start and stop bits and intervalsbetween characters may be uneven.Bit Error Rate (BER) The measure of the frequency of errors in a digital transmission.Burst Timing A form of timing in which the receiving device is synchronized tothe transmitting device by receiving bursts of data.Cable Loss The amount of signal attenuation (loss) for a particular type ofcable of a given length.Channel A specified frequency slot within the specified frequency bandused for transmission.DCE Data Circuit Equipment—a communications device thatestablishes, maintains, and terminates a session on a network.DTE Data Terminating Equipment—a communications device that isthe source or destination of signals on a network.Fade Margin The measure of how much signal attenuation the system canendure without dropping below the minimum desired BER level.Free Space Path Loss The loss of power of a radiated signal as it travels through space.Full Duplex Transmission in two directions simultaneously.Half Duplex A circuit designed for data transmission in both directions, but notat the same time.Handshake Signal The series of signals between a computer and another peripheraldevice (for example, a modem) that establishes the parametersrequired for passing data.
AirLink VoiceXtender VX64 Modem Installer’s GuideGlossaryRev. A - 8/97 C-3Hub Configuration A system configuration in which several master AirLinks andterminals are co-located.  Usually, one acts as the synchronizingmodem to the others at the site.Indicator A device that emits a visible light on the front of the AirLinkmodem.Line-of-Sight An unobstructed view from the transmit antenna to the receiveantenna.Master Modem The master modem is the modem which controls the slavemodem.  The master modem always transmits the initial burst towhich the slave modem must respond.  The master modem is theonly modem capable of initiating any activity on its own.Modem An acronym for MOdulator - DEModulator.  A device used toconvert digital signals into a form suitable for long distancetransmission, and to reconvert received signals.Omnidirectional Antenna An antenna with a radiation pattern that is the same in allhorizontal directions.Over Sampling The process of sampling a signal at a higher than the minimumacceptable rate to ensure greater accuracy.Overlapping Channels A situation in which the operating channel frequency bandwidthof one transmitting device shares part of the frequencybandwidth of another transmitting device.Path Loss The total amount of radio signal attenuation (loss) between thetransmitting antenna and the receiving antenna; the sum ofattenuation caused by obstacles located in the path and the freespace path loss.Point-to-PointConfiguration A system configuration in which only one master modemcommunicates with its one slave modem between the two sites.Point-to-MultipointConfiguration A system configuration in which one master modem communicateswith one or more slave modem.Pseudo-Random NoiseSequence An operation in which a random stream of data bits is generatedwithin limited parameters.  The stream (sequence) is typicallyused for encoding data for communication.Receiver Sensitivity The measure of the ability of a receiver to differentiate betweenthe selected signal and background noise for a specificperformance.
AirLink VoiceXtender VX64 Modem Installer’s GuideGlossaryC-4 Rev. A - 8/97REN Ringer Equivalent Number.  Older model phones typically havea REN=1.  Some electronic phones and other devices have a lowerREN.RF Radio Frequency.  Electromagnetic waves propagated withoutguide (wire or cable) in free space.Send Timing A timing mode where the transmit timing is provided internallyby the modem.Simplex Operating a channel in one direction only with no ability tooperate in the other direction.Slave Modem The slave modem is the modem which is under control of themaster modem.  The slave modem always transmits a burst inreaction to a received burst from the master modem.  The slavemodem is incapable of initiating any activity of its own.Synchronous DataTransmission The transmission of data in which both stations aresynchronized.  Timing codes are sent from the transmitting stationto the receiving station to establish the synchronization.  Thedata is then transmitted in continuous streams.System Gain The overall signal gain from input to output of a device or severaldevices connected as a system.Terminal Timing A timing mode where the transmit timing is provided to themodem via an externally wired path.  Generally, this path is aloop through the DTE.Transmitter Output Power The amount of transmitted signal strength measured at theantenna post of the modem.
Rev. A - 8/97 Index-1IndexIndex
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideIndexIndex-2 Rev. A - 8/97Aadditional signal attenuation 2-4anomalous propagation conditions 2-4antenna alignment 3-6, 3-10-11antenna C-2antenna gain 2-5, C-2antenna installation 3-6antenna options 2-1, 2-2antenna type 2-2application examples 2-8asynchronous data transmission C-2audio volume 4-2Bbandwidth 3-4BER (Bit Error Rate) level 2-4, C-2BNC “Tee” adapters 3-8BNC “Tee” connectors1-5, 3-2Burst Sync connector 3-8burst synchronization 2-12, 3-7burst synchronization signal (SYNC) 1-5burst synchronization timing, 2-9, 2-11, 3-4,C-2 Ccable loss 2-4, C-2Caller Number Delivery Signaling 1-3centrex 1-3, 2-11channel C-2coaxial cable 2-5communication status 3-5configuration switches 1-5, A-4, 3-2, 3-3,3-10Connecting the Line/Phone Interface 3-7Connecting the Power 3-9connector loss 2-4connector specifications A-3Cylink Customer Support  xiiiDDC Power Supply A-4DCE C-2dimensions A-3DIN connector 3-9, A-7directional antennas 1-3, 3-2distances 2-2DTE C-2Eeffectiveness 2-2environmental context 2-3environmental specifications A-3external power supply 3-9external burst timing 2-12, 3-4Ffade margin 2-4, C-2fade margin calculation 2-4features 1-1, 1-3female DIN connector 1-5foreign exchange office 1-3foreign exchange station 1-3Free Space Path Loss-Metric, 2-7Free Space Path Loss-Mileage, 2-6, C-2front panel description 1-4full duplex C-2FXO 1-3, A-2FXS 1-3, A-2, A-3Ggeneral planning requirements 2-1general specifications A-2Glossary C-1Hhalf duplex C-2handshake signal C-2high-gain omnidirectional or directionalantenna 3-6hub application 2-10, 3-8hub configuration 1-3, 1-5, 2-8, 2-11, 3-7, C-2Iindicator C-3installation 2-1, 2-2, 3-1Installer’s Guide 3-2
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideIndexRev. A - 8/97 Index-3Installing the Antenna 3-6intercom application 2-10, 3-7intercom configuration 2-10interface specifications A-7Internal Burst Timing 3-4internal burst synchronization 2-9Introduction to the VoiceXtender 1-1isotropic antenna 2-5Lline-of-sight 2-2, C-3loop-start signaling 1-3Mmain lobe 3-10, 3-11maintenance 4-3master modem C-3master/slave 2-9, 2-10, 2-12, 3-5modem C-3modem cabling 3-6multipath fading 2-4NNormal mode 3-5Ooff-hook 2-10omnidirectional antenna 2-2, 2-11, 3-2, C-3on-premises switch 1-3operating frequency 1-3operational problems 4-2output power 1-3over sampling C-3overlapping channels C-3overview 1-1Pparameters 2-10, 2-11path analysis 2-1path loss  2-4, C-3phone/line 2-9, 2-10, 2-12, 3-5physical specifications A-3pin assignments 3-9PN sequence 2-11, 2-12, 3-5point-to-point applications 1-3, 2-8, 3-4point-to-point configuration 2-8, C-3point-to-point radio voice intercom link 2-10point-to-point radio voice link 2-8POWER Indicator 1-4, 3-10power specifications A-4power supply 3-2, 3-9product overview 1-2pseudo-random noise sequence 2-9, 2-11,2-12, 3-5, C-3Public Switched TelecommunicationsNetwork (PSTN) network 2-8RRadio Frequency specifications A-5radio synchronization 1-3rear panel description 1-5receiver sensitivity C-3receiver specifications A-6remote telephone 2-8REN C-3repeater application 1-5RF C-4RF Channel 2-8, 2-10, 2-11, 3-4RF Channel Frequencies A-6RJ11 cables 3-2RJ11-type modular jack 1-5, A-7, 3-7Ssample applications 2-1send timing C-4shipping container 3-2side lobe 3-10Signal assignments 3-7simplex C-4slave modem C-4Sleep mode 3-5sleep/normal 2-9, 2-11, 2-12, 3-5specifications A-1spread spectrum technology 1-2standard ring current 3-5standard telephone 1-3Switch Configuration Worksheets 3-3
VoiceXtender Modem Installer’s GuideIndexIndex-4 Rev. A - 1/96Switch Parameters 3-4Switch Settings 3-2, 3-3SYNC indicator 1-4, 3-10, 3-11, 4-2SYNC light 3-5synchronized modems 3-4synchronizing master 2-12synchronizing modem 3-4synchronous data transmission C-4System Setup 3-2System Startup 3-10system gain 2-5, C-4System Grounding 3-7system planning 2-1Ttemperature A-3terminal timing C-4otal antenna gain of both antennas(measured in dBi), 2-4total connector/cable loss of all cables(measured in dB),2- 4transmit output power 2-8, 2-10, 2-11, 3-4,3-10, C-4transmitter specifications A-5type of antenna 2-2VVX modem 3-2voice connectivity 1-2voice modem-CODEX connection 1-3Wweight A-3wireless solution 1-2worksheet B-2Yyour distributor 3-2

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