Wavetronix SS105V SMARTSENSOR 105 User Manual 2

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Users Manual 2

CHAPTER 3 - Getting Started with SmartSensor Manager

CHAPTER 4 - Communication

CHAPTER 5 - Sensor Settings

CHAPTER 6 - Lane Setup

CHAPTER 7 - Data Collection

CHAPTER 8 - Tools

CHAPTER 9 - Contact Closure Communications

Using SmartSensor Manager

Part II

After the SmartSensor is installed, it must be congured to the roadway for

proper operation. The SmartSensor Manager (SSM) software is used to perform

this conguration.

SmartSensor Manager brings increased user-friendliness and improved

functionality to the ITS industry’s only patented auto-conguration and auto-

calibration process. The new features found in SmartSensor Manager 2.2.8

include a redesigned New Connection page, a reorganized menu bar with new

options, and expanded help capabilities to assist you in navigating SmartSensor

Manager and performing basic operations.

Installing SmartSensor Manager

Follow these steps to install SSM on a PC:

To download the install le, go to the Wavetronix website at www.1

wavetronix.com.

Click the 2 Support link near the top of the page. This will bring up a page

with icons from the three dierent Wavetronix product lines.

Click the SmartSensor icon. This will bring up drop-down menus allowing 3

you to select a product by name or part number.

Select SmartSensor 105 or WX-SS-105. A list of links will appear.4

Select the 5 SmartSensor Manager link (it will be near the top) to download

In this Chapter

Installing SmartSensor Manager 

About Screen 

Table of Contents 

Getting Started with SmartSensor Manager

34 CHAPTer 3 o GETTING STARTED WITH SMARTSENSOR MANAGER

the SSM install le.

A File Download window will pop up. Click 6 Save.

In the Save As window, select where you would like the le to be saved, 7

then click Save.

Once you’ve downloaded the le, double-click on it to open SmartSensor 8

Manager.

About Screen

To access information about the version of SmartSensor Manager you are using,

as well as copyright information, go to Help>About SmartSensor Manager (see

Figure 3.1).

About SmartSensor ManagerFigure 3.1 –

Note

The newest version of SSM is always available on the Wavetronix website.

Table of Contents

This user guide presents the features of SmartSensor Manager in the order that

they should be used when seing up and using your sensor. If you’d like to

access information about features organized according to the way the software is

laid out, however, you can use the Table of Contents feature.

To access the Table of Contents, go to Help>Table of Contents. This will open

the Table of Contents, which is a list of help subjects organized according to the

layout of the SSM menu bar. The list is divided into the following three columns

(see Figure 3.2):

CHAPTer 3 o GETTING STARTED WITH SMARTSENSOR MANAGER

Table of Contents PageFigure 3.2 –

Topic –

 Lists the available topics according to the setup of the software.

Availability –

 Shows whether the information is available. If it is available,

this column will show a Y. If it is not, this column and the one to the right

of it will be blank.

Type –

 Shows the type of information contained on the page. Pages marked

Tutorial provide overview information; pages marked Context Sensitive

have information specic to a particular function or operation.

Open the desired information from the Table of Contents by either double-

clicking on the subject in the list, or by highlighting the item and clicking the

Display Help Topic buon (see Figure 3.3).

36 CHAPTer 3 o GETTING STARTED WITH SMARTSENSOR MANAGER

Help ScreenFigure 3.3 –

Note

You can also access the Table of Contents help information for a given page

by pressing the F1 key while on that page. Additionally, some pages have

question marks in the upper right-hand corner that lead to their Table of

Contents help pages.

You can access the Table of Contents page from anywhere in SmartSensor

Manager; an active sensor connection is not needed. This enables you to get help

information at any time, especially if information about connecting to a sensor is

needed.

Release Notes

The last entry in the Table of Contents is Release Notes, which, when selected,

displays information on the current and previous versions of SSM. This

information includes the version number, date of release (in YY/MM/DD format),

and the new features added and issues resolved in each release.

In this Chapter

Serial Connection 

Modem Connection 

Internet Connection 

Firmware Upload 

Connection Properties 

Address Book 

Communication Error 

When the SmartSensor Manager application is opened, you will be taken to the

New Connection page, where you will be able to connect using one of three

connection options: serial, modem, or Internet. Choose the desired method of

connection and click OK. The Serial (COM Port) radio buon will be selected by

default (see Figure 4.1).

You can also access the three connection options at any time by going to

File>New Connection.

Note

Selecting a connection type under File>New Connection while you are

already connected will terminate your current connection. You can also

end a connection by going to File>Close Connection.

Communication

38 CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

New Connection PageFigure 4.1 –

Clicking OK opens a connection page unique to each connection option. Each

connection page contains three function buons: Advanced, Cancel, and one

that allows you to connect or dial. The advanced functions for each connection

option are specic for each option.

Serial Connection

To make a serial connection, click the Serial (COM Port) radio buon and then

OK. The message below will appear (see Figure 4.2):

Serial ConnectionFigure 4.2 –

The three action buons appear near the boom of the page. The CONNECT

buon will aempt to connect to the sensor using the current seings. The

Cancel buon cancels the action and returns you to the New Connection page.

A message bar at the boom, identied by the icon, displays the serial

seings being used for this connection. If the default seings are used, then the

message bar will display the following:

COM - Auto; Baud - Auto; ID - Simple; Synchronize - Yes; Wait - 0

CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

Advanced Serial Settings

Click the Advanced buon to change the Advanced Connection seings (see

Figure 4.3).

Advanced Connection SettingsFigure 4.3 –

PC Com Port Seings –

 By default, SSM is set to automatically detect PC

com port & baud rate seings. To manually congure these seings, click

the Specify PC com port & baud rate seings radio buon. This will

activate the Port # and Baud Rate (bps) drop-down lists.

Additional Response Wait Time –

 By default, SmartSensor Manager waits

a few milliseconds to receive a response from the sensor before timing out

and displaying a communication error message. You can add additional

milliseconds to the response wait time to give the program more time to

make a connection. Click the Use an additional: check box to activate the

milliseconds text eld and enter the number of additional milliseconds

SmartSensor Manager should wait for a response from the sensor.

SmartSensor Network Protocol –

 These options can be used to identify

sensors that are part of a multi-drop network. The Simple protocol option

refers to sensors that are not part of a multi-drop environment. If the

sensor is part of a multi-drop network, SmartSensor Manager can either

auto-detect the multi-drop ID, or you can enter the four-digit ID. Clicking

the Use Multidrop Protocol… Connect Directly to ID: radio buon will

activate the text box so you can enter the ID number.

Time Synchronization –

 Click the check box to have SmartSensor

automatically synchronize with the PC clock.

Click on the check box at the boom of the Advanced Connection Seings page

to use the new seings as default. Click OK to save the new seings or Cancel to

return to default; both buons will return you to the Serial Connection page. The

new seings will be reected in the message bar at the boom of the page.

40 CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

Modem Connection

Clicking the Modem (Phone #) radio buon on the New Connection page and

then clicking OK will allow you to connect to the SmartSensor using a modem.

The Modem Connection page has a text box in which you can enter the phone

number for the sensor’s modem (see Figure 4.4).

Modem ConnectionFigure 4.4 –

The phone book icon to the right of the text eld allows you to browse for

numbers previously saved in the SmartSensor Manager address book (for more

information, see the Address Book section later in this chapter). If you’d prefer

to dial manually, click the Dial Manually check box beneath the text eld, then

click on Dial. At this point you will need to pick up the telephone receiver and

manually dial the phone number.

Note

When this window is rst opened, the modem connection phone number

you used most recently will automatically appear in the text eld.

Once the number is entered, click Dial to make a connection. Click Cancel to

stop the action and return to the New Connection page.

The message bar at the boom of the page, identied by the icon, shows the

modem seings being used. If the default seings are used, the message bar will

display the following:

ID - Simple; Synchronize - Yes; Wait - 0

Advanced Modem Settings

The following seings are part of the modem connection’s advanced functions

and can be found by clicking the Advanced buon (see Figure 4.5):

CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

Advanced Modem SettingsFigure 4.5 –

Local Modem Seings –

 The initialization string and auto-nd command

can be entered in their respective text elds in the Local Modem Seings

section. The Restore Defaults buon will return these functions to their

default seings. The port number and baud rate will be automatically

detected by SmartSensor Manager, so these seings cannot be changed.

Additional Response Wait Time –

 By default, SmartSensor Manager waits

a few milliseconds to receive a response from the sensor before timing out

and displaying a communication error message. You can add additional

milliseconds to the response wait time to give the program more time to

make a connection. Click the Use an additional: check box to activate the

milliseconds text eld and enter the number of additional milliseconds

SmartSensor Manager should wait for a response from the sensor.

SmartSensor Network Protocol –

 These options can be used to identify

sensors that are part of a multi-drop network. The Simple protocol option

refers to sensors that are not part of a multi-drop environment. If the

sensor is part of a multi-drop network, SmartSensor Manager can either

auto-detect the multi-drop ID, or you can enter the four-digit ID. Clicking

the Use Multidrop Protocol… Connect Directly to ID: radio buon will

activate the text box so you can enter the ID number.

Time Synchronization –

 Click the check box to have SmartSensor

automatically synchronize with the PC clock.

Click the check box near the boom of the Advanced Connection Seings page

to use the new seings as default. The OK buon saves the new seings and

the Cancel buon cancels the changes; both buons return you to the Modem

Connection page. The new seings will be displayed in the message bar at the

boom of the page.

42 CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

Internet Connection

The Internet (TCP/IP) option will allow you to connect to the SmartSensor

using the sensor’s IP address. The Internet Connection page has two text boxes

in which you can enter the sensor IP address and port number (see Figure 4.6).

The Connect buon does not become active until both the IP address and port

number boxes are lled. You can also establish an Internet connection using a

domain name by entering that domain name in the IP address text eld.

Internet ConnectionFigure 4.6 –

Note

When this window is rst opened, the connection properties for the

Internet connection you used most recently will automatically appear in

the text elds.

The IP icon next to the text elds allows you to browse through previously

saved addresses in the SSM address book, which is especially useful if you are

connecting to more than one sensor using an Internet connection. For more

information, see the Address Book section of this chapter.

Once the IP address and port number are entered, click Connect to make a

connection. Click Cancel to stop the action and return to the New Connection

page.

The message bar at the boom of the page, identied by the icon, shows the

Internet seings being used. If the default seings are used, the message bar will

display the following:

ID - Simple; Synchronize - Yes; Wait - 0

Advanced Internet Settings

The following seings are part of the Internet connection advanced functions

and can be found by clicking the Advanced buon (see Figure 4.7):

CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

Advanced Internet SettingsFigure 4.7 –

Additional Response Wait Time –

 By default, SmartSensor Manager waits

a few milliseconds to receive a response from the sensor before timing out

and displaying a communication error message. You can add additional

milliseconds to the response wait time to give the program more time to

make a connection. Click the Use an additional: check box to activate the

milliseconds text eld and enter the number of additional milliseconds

SmartSensor Manager should wait for a response from the sensor.

SmartSensor Network Protocol –

 These options can be used to identify

sensors that are part of a multi-drop network. The Simple protocol option

refers to sensors that are not part of a multi-drop environment. If the

sensor is part of a multi-drop network, SmartSensor Manager can either

auto-detect the multi-drop ID, or you can enter the four-digit ID. Clicking

the Use Multidrop Protocol… Connect Directly to ID: radio buon will

activate the text box so you can enter the ID number.

Time Synchronization –

 Click the check box to have SmartSensor

automatically synchronize with the PC clock.

Click the check box near the boom of the Advanced Connection Seings page

to use the new seings as default. The OK buon saves the new seings and

the Cancel buon cancels the changes; both buons return you to the Internet

Connection page. The new seings will be displayed in the message bar at the

boom of the page.

Firmware Upload

If the rmware installed onboard the SmartSensor is not the same as the

rmware bundled with the SSM software, the Firmware/Software Compatibility

screen may appear after you’ve nished connecting. This screen gives you four

options: Upload, Exit SmartSensor Manager, Continue w/o upload, and View

Details (see Figure 4.8).

44 CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

Firmware/Software Compatibility ScreenFigure 4.8 –

Upload

Selecting Upload will upload the bundled rmware to the sensor, thereby

eliminating any compatibility problems. The amount of time it takes to complete

the upload depends primarily on your connection speed, but usually varies from

1 to 10 minutes.

During the upload process, you can cancel at any time. However, if the FPGA

rmware was incompatible and the new version was not fully loaded before you

pressed Cancel, the sensor will revert back to a factory-installed version of the

FPGA rmware upon reboot of the sensor. The factory-installed version of the

FPGA rmware may not be the same as the last version you were running on

the sensor. In this case, you will need to re-upload the version of FPGA rmware

you’d like to have on the sensor (see chapter 8 for information on how to do this).

This does not occur when you cancel an upload of DSP rmware.

If the upload completes successfully, the sensor will need to reboot and restart

before the new rmware will take eect. The restart should take about 15 seconds.

Exit SmartSensor Manager

If you are unsure what to do, you should press the Exit SmartSensor Manager

buon. When you have decided what to do, you can reconnect to the sensor.

In some cases, you may have simply connected to the sensor with the wrong

version of SmartSensor Manager. Press the Exit SmartSensor Manager buon

to close your current connection and quit the program. Once you have quit this

version of SmartSensor Manager, you can then connect up with the version you

originally intended.

Continue w/o upload

If you are determined to continue using this version of SmartSensor Manager

to interact with the sensor, but have good reason not to upload the bundled

rmware, you can press the Continue w/o Upload buon. With this choice,

SmartSensor Manager nishes establishing the connection and continues normal

execution. However, depending on the nature of incompatibilities between the

sensor’s rmware and SmartSensor Manager, unexpected errors may result.

View Details

Dierences between the sensor’s rmware and the rmware bundled with

CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

SmartSensor Manager can be viewed by clicking on View Details. The

dierences between the two versions will be highlighted in red. Knowing the

details of the detected dierences may help you make a more informed decision

about how to proceed (see Figure 4.9).

View DetailsFigure 4.9 –

Version –

 Shows the software version.

Programmable Hardware –

 Shows the FPGA version.

Year –

 Shows the year of of the version’s release in YY format.

Algorithm/Month –

 Shows the month of the version’s release in MM

format, as well as the operating mode; this will appear as an S for side re

mode and an F for forward re mode.

Day.Application –

 Shows the day of the version’s release in DD format as

well as the current application; this will appear as an S for sensor or a D for

diagnostic.

Connection Properties

Information about the current connection can be accessed on the Current

Connection Properties page, which is found under File>Properties (see Figure

4.10).

46 CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

Current Connection PropertiesFigure 4.10 –

The page shows the following information about your connection:

Type –

 Shows the type of connection (serial, modem or Internet). This will

say Disconnected if the software is not currently connected to a sensor.

Port / Phone # / Address –

 Displays information about the connection

endpoint. This will vary based on the kind of connection made.

Protocol –

 Indicates whether sensor is on a multi-drop network or a simple

sensor network.

Response Wait Time –

 Shows the wait time information for each sensor.

The rst box shows the number of milliseconds SmartSensor Manager

will automatically wait for a response from a specic sensor. SmartSensor

Manager determines this number by averaging recent sensor response

times, so this number may uctuate slightly when the Re-calculate buon

is clicked. The second box shows the number of additional seconds you

have added under the Advanced Seings page for your connection; this

number can be changed on this screen. The third box shows the total

number of seconds SSM will wait for a response. Click the Save As Default

buon to save the new seings as default.

Click OK to close the window.

Address Book

The address book can save connection information for both modem and Internet

connections, allowing you to access this information later and connect quickly

without reentering IP addresses, modem numbers and so on.

Accessing the Address Book

The address book can be accessed in two ways:

Go to

 File>Address Book. This will give you two options: New and Open.

Selecting New will open a directory box where you can create a new

address book le (.abf). Creating an address book le will not immediately

open the new le.

CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

Select Open to access the most recently created or accessed address book

le. This option is divided into two choices, Modem Entries and Internet

Entries (see Figure 4.11). Selecting these will allow you to access all the

modem or Internet entries in the address book. If you have not yet created

an address book le, you will be prompted to do so now.

Accessing Address Book through the Menu BarFigure 4.11 –

Begin to make a new modem or Internet connection, either through



File>New Connection or the New Connection screen. In the connection

screen that comes up, click the book icon next to the text eld. This will

access the address book specic to that type of connection. If you have not

yet created an address book le, you will be asked to do so.

Note

By default, accessing the address book will open the address book le (.abf)

that you most recently had open. As a single .abf can store both modem

and Internet connection information, it will usually not be necessary to

have multiple address book les stored on your computer. If you do have

more than one le, however, you can switch back and forth by going to

File>Address Book>New. Instead of creating a new le, however, select the

le you wish to access and click OK. Now when you go to File>Address

Book>Open or you select the address book icon on a connection screen, it

will default to this most recently opened le.

Using the Address Book

No maer how you access the address book, using it is the same. The

information available and visible will dier, however, based on what kind of

connection you’re making. If you’re looking at modem entries, the screen will

display three columns: Phone Number, Sensor ID and Description (see Figure

4.12). The Internet entries have ve columns: IP Alias, IP Address, TCP Port,

Sensor ID and Description.

48 CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

Address Book for Modem EntriesFigure 4.12 –

Use the buons in the address book to work with entries and make connections:

Select –

 Selects an entry to use to connect. When you have chosen the

entry you would like to use to connect, highlight it in the list and click

Select. This will close the address book and enter the desired information

into the connection page.

Note

When accessing the Address Book screen using the menu options, the

Select buon is disabled. You will be able to edit the address book entries,

but will not be able to connect unless you use the Modem or Internet

Connection Screens.

New –

 Creates a new entry. Select New and enter the desired information.

In a modem connection, this is the phone number of the modem, the sensor

ID number and a description of the connection for your own information.

If you are adding an Internet connection entry, you have two options for

the address: an IP address or a domain name. With both options you must

also specify the TCP port number. If you use a domain name, the domain

name must be entered as the IP alias and you should not enter an IP

address, since the domain name may resolve to one or more dynamic IP

addresses. When you enter both an IP address and an IP alias, SmartSensor

Manager will add an entry to the Windows HOSTS le on your computer.

In this case, the IP alias can be a simple text string (or a domain name that

is tied to a xed IP address). You may want to use a simple text string to

help identify IP addresses that do not have a domain name.

Edit –

 Allows you to edit the information contained in a highlighted entry.

Delete –

 Deletes the selected entry.

Close –

 Exits out of the address book.

CHAPTer 4 o COMMUNICATION

Communication Error

The Communication Error screen will appear if SmartSensor Manager can no

longer communicate with the sensor. If such an error occurs, the Communication

Error screen will give you the following options (see Figure 4.13):

Retry –

 Tells SSM to try to communicate with the sensor again.

Cancel –

 Stops the current operation as well as other operations that may

be in process.

Details –

 Shows error details.

Communication Error with Details ScreenFigure 4.13 –

Clicking the Details buon will access additional information specic to this

problem:

Operation –

 Shows the operation SSM is trying to accomplish.

Response Error –

 Shows the response error SSM has encountered.

Error Code –

 Gives the error code related to the specic error.

Reliability –

 Indicates the percentage of communication aempts that

were successfully completed.

Automatic Retries –

 Shows the number of times the SSM automatically

aempts to reconnect before showing the communication error screen.

Response Timeout –

 Displays the total number of milliseconds that SSM

waited before timing out the requested operation.

If you retry multiple times to communicate with the sensor and it still doesn’t

work, the problem can often be xed by editing the additional response wait time,

found in the Advanced Seings page for your connection.

In this Chapter

Sensor Info 

Sensor Settings 

Sensor Date & Time 

Operating Mode 

There are several ways to access and change sensor seings using SSM.

Sensor Info

Going to File>Sensor Info opens the Sensor Information page, which displays

the properties unique to each sensor (see Figure 5.1).

Sensor InformationFigure 5.1 –

Although the information cannot be edited, there must be an active connection

to view the Sensor Information page. The page is divided into two sections,

Identication and Firmware Versions.

Sensor Settings

52 CHAPTer 5 o SENSOR SETTINGS

The Identication section information includes the following:

Serial Number –

 Shows the 16-digit serial number given to the sensor by

the manufacturer. It can be used to uniquely identify the sensor.

Description –

 Shows the 32-character, user-created sensor description as

set using the Sensor Seings screen (for more information, see the Sensor

Seings section later in this chapter). It is used to describe the sensor and/

or the installation site.

Location –

 Displays the 32-character, user-created location description as

set using the Sensor Seings screen (for more information, see the Sensor

Seings section later in this chapter). It is used to describe the location of

the sensor.

Sensor ID –

 Shows the 4-digit numeric string used to identify the sensor

on a multi-drop network. You can set this ID number using the Sensor

Seings screen (for more information, see the Sensor Seings section later

in this chapter). The SmartSensor Multi-drop protocol uses the sensor ID to

uniquely address sensors on a shared bus.

Serial Interface –

 Indicates which of the sensor’s four ports it is using to

communicate. The four ports are RS-232, RS-485, EXP-A, and EXP-B.

Note

The two expansion ports (EXP-A and B) are currently not available for use.

The Firmware Versions section shows on which versions of DSP (Digital Field

Processing) and FPGA (Field Programmable Gain Amplier) the sensor is

operating.

Sensor Settings

You can both view and change certain sensor options and information in the

Sensor Seings page. To access this page, go to Edit>Sensor Seings. If no

sensor connection is active, selecting this will open a directory box, allowing you

to nd SmartSensor conguration (.ssc) les that are saved on your computer.

You can also use this directory box to create a new .ssc le.

The Sensor Seings page is divided into three tabs: General, Communication

and Data Collection. Only the General and Communication tabs will be

discussed here; the Data Collection tab will be discussed in chapter 7.

General Tab

The General tab allows you to edit the following seings (see Figure 5.2):

CHAPTer 5 o SENSOR SETTINGS

General TabFigure 5.2 –

Serial Number –

 Shows the 16-digit serial number given to the sensor by

the manufacturer, used to uniquely identify the sensor. This is the only

seing on this screen that cannot be edited.

SmartSensor (Multidrop) ID –

 Allows you to enter a 4-character ID

number. This number is used to identify the sensor on a multi-drop

network. Each sensor on such a network must have a unique ID number.

This number is referred to on the Sensor Information page as the sensor ID.

RTMS ID –

 Lets you change the RTMS ID. The SmartSensor has been

designed to utilize other protocols for those cases when there might

already be a project built around another type of sensor. If you choose to

communicate using the RTMS protocol, all you need is the RTMS ID.

Note

The RTMS ID number 13 cannot be used for polled communications.

Description –

 Allows you to create a description of the sensor and/or

installation site for identication purposes. The description may be up to 32

characters long and will be displayed on the Sensor Information page.

Location –

 Allows you to enter the location of the sensor for identication

purposes. The location may be up to 32 characters long and will be

displayed on the Sensor Information page.

Orientation –

 Lets you select, from a drop-down menu, the direction

the sensor is facing. The orientation does not aect sensor operation or

alignment and is simply for your information.

54 CHAPTer 5 o SENSOR SETTINGS

Measurement Units –

 Allows you to choose between English and metric

measurements. Metric units are entered in decimeters so that the metric

and English units can be converted more accurately.

RF Channel –

 This allows you to assign specic RF channels to sensors

that are installed in close proximity to each other to prevent the sensors

from interfering with each other.

Communication Tab

The Communication tab allow you to change the following seings (see Figure

5.3):

Communications TabFigure 5.3 –

Baud Rates –

 Allows you to set the baud rate for the each of the sensor’s

four connection ports. To change the baud rate, simply click on the drop-

down menu and select the desired rate. Besides the standard RS-232 and

RS-485 ports, there are also two other expansion ports. These expansion

ports are currently not available for use.

Response Delays (milliseconds) –

 Allows you to change the number of

milliseconds that the sensor will delay before responding. This is useful if

you ever aach the sensor to communication equipment that cannot handle

the speed with which the sensor responds to message requests. You can

change the response delay for each of the four connection ports separately

by entering the desired number of milliseconds. If you are not able to

determine the amount of delay required by consulting the communication

equipment’s documentation, you will need to determine this number by

trial and error.

CHAPTer 5 o SENSOR SETTINGS

Note

If you increase the response delay, you should also increase the additional

response wait time that SmartSensor Manager uses when communicating

to the sensor.

Advanced Comm Register –

 The Advanced Comm Register on the

SmartSensor holds two seings: Simple Protocol and Flow Control.

The rst seing selects whether Simple SmartSensor protocol is enabled

or disabled. By default Simple protocol is enabled. Networks comprised of

simply one sensor can use the Simple protocol. However, if there is more

than one sensor on the network, this protocol can cause communication

messages to be broadcast unintentionally. These messages can result in

collisions and even ongoing chaer between sensors on a multi-drop

network. If you are seing up a multi-drop network of sensors, you should

connect to them one by one and disable Simple protocol. To disable Simple

protocol, select Disabled from the drop-down list. Simple protocol must

also be disabled if you plan on using RTMS protocol.

The second seing selects whether ow control handshaking is enabled

or disabled on the sensor. Flow control is a hardware handshaking

protocol used by some communication equipment. If your communication

equipment requires handshaking, you will need to enable this by selecting

RTS/CTS from the drop down menu.

Note

If you have established a serial connection, enabling RTS/CTS handshaking

will cause you to lose communication with SmartSensor Manager unless

you rst short the RTS/CTS lines on the sensor.

Data Push Setup –

 Allows you to enable and congure data push.

SmartSensor communicates trac data in either Data Polled mode or

Data Push mode. By default the SmartSensor is in Data Polled mode. In

Data Polled mode, a trac data collection device must periodically poll

the sensor to retrieve the most recent information. Data Polled mode is

preferred if multiple sensors share the same data bus, so that the data

transmied over the connection will not be corrupted or lost by collisions.

In Data Push mode, the sensor is set up to transmit any new data it

generates automatically (without any prompting by the collection device).

In Data Push mode there is no arbitration of the data bus, and data

messages sent by dierent sensors can collide, causing information to be

56 CHAPTer 5 o SENSOR SETTINGS

lost. However, if there is only one sensor connected to the data bus, there

should be no collisions in data push mode.

Before you change to Data Push mode, select the desired port and data

type from the drop-down lists provided. You can set the sensor up to push

data over more than one port. You can also set it up to push multiple types

of data over the same port. To change to Data Push mode, click on the

Enabled checkbox next to each one of the four ports you wish to enable.

Data Collection Tab

The Data Collection tab allows you to edit the following seings (see Figure 5.7):

Data Collection TabFigure 5.4 –

Interval Data –

 Allows you to specify the length of your intervals as

well as how those intervals are stored. The interval refers to the time (in

seconds) that trac data is aggregated (minimum interval is ve seconds).

Interval data is stored directly into the sensor’s SRAM memory, which is

volatile and will not persist after a power cycle. The number of intervals

is limited to 246. You can also tell the sensor to move the data from SRAM

to the sensor’s ash memory by clicking the Store in Flash Memory check

box. This protects the data because ash memory persists after power

cycles. The capacity in ash is about ten times greater than SRAM. If the

Store in Flash Memory box is not checked, the interval data will remain

in SRAM until it is overwrien. Flash storage management features are

explained in greater depth in the Data Collection Setup section of chapter 7.

Vehicle Classication –

 Lets you customize vehicle classications by

length. Enter the maximum length amounts for small and medium

class vehicles in the active text boxes and SmartSensor Manager will

CHAPTer 5 o SENSOR SETTINGS

automatically determine the minimum lengths.

Lane Setup –

 Allows you to change specic lane information such as

lane name and direction of travel, for your own information and for

identication.

You can also change scale occupancy (loop size) and scale speed (loop

spacing). The entry in these columns for each lane represents the manual

scaling applied to the occupancy/duration and speed data. The occupancy

scale factor is the ratio of each lane’s loop size to the default loop size.

The speed scale factor is the ratio of each lane’s loop spacing to that of the

default loop spacing. You can modify the scale factors by clicking on the

arrows to the right of each box.

Note

Interval occupancy is derived from event duration, so the occupancy

scale factor scales both the duration and the occupancy. Additionally, the

length-based event classication is derived from the event duration and

the event speed, so scaling either the speed or the duration will impact the

classication results.

The Show Loop Values buon allows you to toggle quickly between the

loop values and the corresponding scale factors.

Default Loop Size & Spacing –

 Lets you enter default values which, when

applied, will automatically update the information for each lane. The terms

“loop size” and “loop spacing” are used since in many cases you will be

using these values to scale the occupancy and speed to match those of dual

loops. The loop size and loop spacing (space between loops) are specied

in inches or centimeters.

Extension Time –

 Allows you to increase the time, in milliseconds, on

the countdown timer that the sensor uses in detection. Adding time can

help reduce the occurrence of vehicles with trailers being detected twice.

However, increasing the time also increases the likelihood that one vehicle

being tailgated by another will result in a single detection.

Note

The lane name, lane direction, and interval data seings on this page

can also be changed on other pages. The rest of the seings can only be

changed here.

Saving and Restoring Sensor Settings

Once you have made changes to your seings, use the four buons at the boom

58 CHAPTer 5 o SENSOR SETTINGS

of the screen to save the changes from all three tabs. You can also use these

buons to discard all your changes and return to the old seings.

Save to Sensor –

 Saves the changes you’ve just made to the sensor. If you

do not push this buon after making changes, they will be lost when you

navigate away from this page.

Open from Sensor –

 Returns all seings to those currently saved on the

sensor.

Save to File –

 Saves the seings currently entered in the Sensor Seings

screens to a SmartSensor conguration le (.ssc) on your computer. This

seing can be used to back up your seings; additionally, if you’re not

connected to your sensor, you can change seings, save them to a le, and

use the le to update your sensor once you’re connected again.

Note

Using the Save to File function does not save the changes to your sensor.

If you want to update and then back up your sensor, you need to use both

Save to File and Save to Sensor.

Open from File –

 Restores seings from an existing .ssc le. Once the

seings have been restored, you must click Save to Sensor if you want the

sensor updated with the restored seings.

Note

Return to this page to back up your sensor after you’ve completed the steps

to congure your lanes and data collection.

Sensor Date & Time

To ensure that the data collected is timestamped correctly, use the Sensor Date &

Time screen, located at Edit>Sensor Date & Time (see Figure 5.5).

Change the date by selecting the correct date from the drop-down lists (month,

day, and year) or use the calendar to scroll to the correct date. Change the time

by selecting the correct time (hour, minutes, and seconds) from the drop-down

lists.

Click the check box below the calendar to automatically adjust for local computer

time and daylight savings time seings. The check box at the boom of the page

will automatically synchronize sensor to PC UTC time at a certain interval you

can dene in the text eld.

CHAPTer 5 o SENSOR SETTINGS

Sensor Date & TimeFigure 5.5 –

The Sensor Date & Time page includes the following three function buons:

Clocks icon –

 Performs a one-time synch of the sensor to the PC’s UTC

time.

Disk icon –

 Saves the new seings.

Arrow icon –

 Undoes the changes.

Operating Mode

Selecting Edit>Operating Mode allows you to switch between Side Fire and

Forward Fire operation modes. While Side Fire mode is standard, Forward Fire

mode allows you to detect trac from a forward-facing position, such as when

the sensor is mounted on a bridge across the road. With this setup, however,

the sensor can only detect one lane at a time and cannot detect cars until after

they’ve passed the mounting location. If you’re interested in a forward-facing

sensor, consider the SmartSensor Advance, which can detect vehicles in multiple

lanes up to 500 ft. (152.4 m) in advance.

If you would like to use the SmartSensor 105 in Forward Fire mode, call

Wavetronix Technical Services at 801-764-0277 for assistance and further

instruction.

In this Chapter

Lane Conguration – Automatic 

Lane Conguration – Manual 

Verifying Lane Conguration 

Seing up lanes is simple in SmartSensor Manager because the software will

do it for you with the click of a buon. Additionally, if SmartSensor Manager is

unable to correctly congure due to barriers, obstacles or irregular lanes, you

can use the Manual Conguration mode to adjust.

Note

Free-owing trac in each lane is required for proper conguration. Light

or sporadic trac may result in slower congurations.

Lane Conguration – Automatic

Follow the steps below to automatically congure lanes in SmartSensor

Manager:

Select 1 Edit>Lane Conguration.

Once the Lane Conguration page opens, click on the 2 Automatic buon.

If you would like to set constraints on the conguration through the 3 Edit

Range Blinders or Manage Gain buons, do so now. For more information

on these options see the sections on them in the following pages.

Click the 4 Restart buon at the lower right.

Conrm the conguration restart by clicking 5 Yes in the box that appears

Lane Setup

62 CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

(see Figure 6.1). SmartSensor Manager will now automatically begin

detecting and conguring lanes, and the screen will show a visual

depiction of the lanes and vehicle detections in real time.

Conrming Automatic Lane CongurationFigure 6.1 –

After the lanes have been detected and congured correctly, save the 6

conguration by clicking the Finished buon. The time required for

conguration depends on the volume of trac present in the lanes, but is

typically only a few minutes.

Note

After clicking the Finished buon, wait for one minute before turning

o the sensor. During this time the sensor is completing adjustments

of the conguration thresholds. Typically this is not a problem because

verication may be needed in Trac View after clicking Finished. The

verication process will normally be longer than one minute.

Edit Range Blinders

Range blinders are an optional seing available in Automatic mode. Using range

blinders will narrow the search area of the automatic lane conguration process

(range blinders have no eect in Manual Conguration mode), allowing you to

congure faster and avoid conguring undesired lanes such as frontage roads.

Use the steps below to successfully edit the range blinders:

Click the1 Range Blinders buon. Red bars (range blinders) will appear at

the top and boom of the roadway display and any previously displayed

roadways will be cleared.

CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

Click on one of the range blinders and drag its edge to the desired range 2

(refer to the range markers on the left side of the screen).

Repeat Step 2 for the other range blinder if necessary.3

Click the4 Restart buon to apply the range blinders. When the range

blinders are applied, they will turn from a red color to a dark khaki color.

To cancel and use the default ranges, or to start over, or click the Range

Blinders buon again.

After the lanes are detected and congured correctly, save the 5

conguration by clicking the Finished buon. After clicking the Finished

buon, the SmartSensor will begin storing vehicle data. The time required

for conguration depends on the volume of trac present in the lanes, but

is typically only a few minutes.

Note

After clicking the Restart buon, detected vehicles (represented by moving

blue rectangles) will be displayed only if a range blinder does not cover

the lane center. If the edge of a range blinder lies between two lanes of the

same road, some manual adjustment of the gray line (usually reserved to

indicate a road shoulder) may need to be made. The edge of the road shown

in the display is really a lane divider.

Manage Gain

Managing gain is an optional seing available in Automatic mode. During the

automatic conguration process, the sensor’s gain is automatically adjusted in

order to best process the radar signal at that particular installation site. In some

locations the reections from vehicles may be stronger than in other locations,

and the gain will need to be lowered in order to optimize detection accuracy.

For the gain to be optimally adjusted by the automatic process, the sensor needs

to be:

Aligned almost exactly perpendicular to all the lanes of the roadway.



Still conguring while several large vehicles (that return strong reections)



pass through the beam in the lanes closest to the sensor.

In some locations, and at particular times of the day, it may be dicult to meet

these two requirements. In these cases, click the Manage Gain buon to change

the starting point of the automatic gain adjustment process. The default starting

point is a gain value of 5. The adjustment process never increases the gain value;

it only decreases it. The starting point is therefore also the maximum gain value.

A new starting point will only be applied after clicking the Restart buon.

During the automatic conguration process, the sensor’s current gain value is

displayed in the status bar at the boom of the screen.

64 CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

No adjustments to the gain can be made once the conguration is saved to the

sensor. However, the detection thresholds congured for the sensor during the

automatic conguration process are based upon the current level of the gain and

will continue to adapt for up to one minute after clicking the Finished buon.

Note

The default starting point of 5 is also the largest starting point allowed. If

you enter a value larger than 5 the default starting point of 5 will be used. If

you are managing the gain, you should generally change the starting point

to a 3 or 4.

Lane Conguration – Manual

If the sensor is unable to automatically congure itself to your satisfaction, you

can manually congure it by adding, removing or adjusting lanes, lane dividers

and lane centers.

To make changes in Manual mode:

With the Lane Conguration page open, select the 1 Manual buon; the

buons in the toolbar on the right of the screen will change from gray to

black (see Figure 6.2).

Manual Lane CongurationFigure 6.2 –

Selecting a buon in the toolbar will allow you to make changes using the 2

roadview window on the left.

CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

Once you’ve made the necessary adjustments, hit 3 Finished to save your

changes.

Adjust Lanes

The Adjust Lanes buon allows you to click your cursor on any visible shoulder

(gray line), lane divider (white line) or lane center (pink line) and drag it to the

desired position (see Figure 6.3). The cursor will change from an arrow to a

hand when it is positioned over a “draggable” line. Lane centers (pink lines) only

appear when the cursor is placed directly over them. To adjust the lane center,

click and hold the mouse and move the line up or down on the screen, but only

within the area between the shoulders. Notice that shoulders, dividers, or centers

cannot be dragged past each other.

Shoulder

Lane Divider

Lane Center

Adjusting LanesFigure 6.3 –

Paint and Remove Lines

The Paint Lines buon allows you to add new lanes by inserting lane dividers in

paved (black) areas. SmartSensor Manager allows a maximum of eight lanes.

Again, the cursor will change from an arrow to a hand when it is positioned

directly over a location where it is possible to paint a lane divider. When the

cursor appears as a hand, click and a white line will appear.

To remove a lane divider, click on the Remove Lines buon, select the white line

you want to remove and click the left mouse buon (again, wait for the cursor to

become a hand).

Remove Lane

The Remove Lane buon allows you to remove entire lanes by moving the

66 CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

cursor to the desired lane. When the arrow changes to a hand, click and the

selected lane will disappear.

Construct and Remove Roads

To insert a new road, click on the Construct Roads buon and select a location

anywhere in the background (khaki-colored) area. Make sure the cursor appears

as a hand and then click to draw the road.

Because new roads are initially drawn with an upper shoulder line, a centerline

and a lower shoulder line, you will usually need to adjust your road to the

desired width using the Adjust Lanes function.

To remove an entire road, including all lanes, click on the Remove Roads buon

and click on the road you wish to remove.

Construct and Remove Barriers

Constructing a barrier or median is essentially the act of dividing a single road

into two separate roads. SmartSensor Manager denes a barrier or median as

two adjacent shoulder lines or two shoulder lines with only background (khaki-

colored) areas in between them.

To construct a barrier or median, click on the Construct Barriers buon and

move the cursor to the paved area where you want to insert the barrier. When

the cursor changes from an arrow to a hand, click and the barrier will appear.

Initially, the new barrier is only two shoulder lines wide. To widen the barrier,

use the Adjust Lanes feature as explained earlier.

You may also remove a barrier, or convert two roads into a single road, by

clicking on the Remove Barrier buon and selecting the barrier you wish to

delete.

Reverse Direction

Once the conguration process has been completed, you will notice that

SmartSensor Manager shows all detected vehicles moving in the same direction.

The Reverse Direction buon enables you to change the direction of travel

depicted in SmartSensor Manager so that each lane reects the actual direction

traveled by detected vehicles.

To do this, press the Reverse Direction buon and move the cursor over the lane

you wish to change. Once the cursor is in place, the cursor will again change

from an arrow to a hand and a tiny arrow will appear below the hand to indicate

the current direction of that lane (see Figure 6.4).

CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

After

Before

Reverse DirectionFigure 6.4 –

Click the mouse, and the arrow will reverse direction to verify the change has

occurred. Using the Reverse Direction buon only aects the SmartSensor

Manager display, not the sensor or any detections, and is useful for verifying

performance.

Edit Lane Names

By default, the SmartSensor identies the lanes it congures as lane 1 up to lane

8, where lane 1 is located closest to the sensor. However, you may wish to assign

lane numbers dierently with the Edit Lane Names window (see Figure 6.5).

68 CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

Editing Lane NamesFigure 6.5 –

To do this, click on the Edit Lane Name buon and the Edit Lane Names

window will appear. Highlight the current lane name by double-clicking on it,

then type in the lane’s new alphanumeric identication of up to eight characters.

Lane names can also be changed by going to Sensor Seings and clicking on the

Data Collection tab (see chapter 7 for more information).

Saving the Conguration

Once all congurations are completed, the changes must be updated in the

SmartSensor’s ash memory (lane changes won’t take eect until after the

sensor has been updated). Update all manual changes by clicking the Update

buon located below the manual tool buons (see Figure 6.6). The process of

updating the conguration takes only seconds. Once the process is completed,

SmartSensor Manager will remain on the Lane Conguration page so that any

manual changes made may be viewed and easily changed if needed.

Update, Undo, and Restart ButtonsFigure 6.6 –

Undoing Manual Changes

Unsaved changes may be undone without repeating the manual conguration

process. Click on the Undo buon found below the manual tool buons (see

Figure 6.6). This tool retrieves the last saved conguration from the SmartSensor,

eectively undoing any unsaved changes that were made.

CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

Restarting Lane Congurations

To completely erase the SmartSensor’s current conguration and restart the lane

conguration routine, change from Manual back to Automatic mode by clicking

on the Automatic buon and then clicking on the Restart buon located near the

Update and Undo buons below the Manual toolbar (see Figure 6.6).

This erases all manual changes that have been made, and the SmartSensor

Manager will automatically recongure the road for you. After clicking on the

Restart buon, a window will be displayed asking whether you want to proceed

(see Figure 6.7). Click on Yes to continue or on No to quit this procedure.

Conrmation of RestartFigure 6.7 –

Exiting the Lane Conguration Page

Once all automatic and manual congurations have been completed, you may

perform a nal save and exit the Lane Conguration page by clicking on the

Finished buon located at the boom right of the screen.

A window will appear indicating that the changes are being saved to the

SmartSensor. After the changes have been saved, SmartSensor Manager will

automatically change from Lane Conguration to Trac (Event) Data View mode

so that you can verify lane conguration.

Verifying Lane Conguration

After you click Finished on the Lane Conguration page, SmartSensor Manager

will take you immediately to the View Trac (Event Data) page. Here you can

view your saved lane conguration and see trac in real time, allowing you to

verify that the lanes have been congured correctly.

The other way to view data is the Interval Data screen, which shows numerical

data gathered per lane by the sensor. You can switch back and forth between the

two screens with the toggle buon in the lower right corner of each screen; this

buon will be marked with the name of the screen you’re going to switch to.

The Trac (Event) Data and Interval Data screens can both also be accessed

through the View menu.

70 CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

Note

If the connection’s additional response wait time is greater than 500 ms,

event and actuation information is not displayed on the screen.

Trafc (Event) Data

In Event mode, this screen allows you to verify the SmartSensor’s conguration

by comparing the trac on the road to event information shown in the window

(see Figure 6.8). In order to keep a record of your verication results, the event

data can also be saved to a log le while you remain on this screen.

View Trafc (Event) DataFigure 6.8 –

The window can also be used to verify true presence information by switching

to Actuation mode (click the A icon).

Note

A status bar below the Trac View window indicates whether you are in

Event mode or Actuation mode.

By default, Trac View launches in Event mode. In Event mode, the vehicles

(represented by the blue rectangles) appear after having passed through the

radar detection zone.

CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

The four icons located at the boom of the screen are active in this mode. They

are, from left to right:

View Event Counter –

 Brings up a real-time volume counter lane by lane

(see Figure 6.9). Each time a vehicle enters and leaves the radar detection

zone, the volume for the corresponding lane will increment accordingly.

If counting needs to be paused for any reason, click on the Pause buon;

click the Play buon to resume counting. Any vehicles that were detected

by the SmartSensor while the event counter was paused will not be shown

in Volume. Clicking the Reset buon will clear the volume count and will

begin a fresh count.

Event CounterFigure 6.9 –

Turn Event Logging On and O –

 Allows you to log the information

you’re currently seeing. When you switch event logging on, you will be

prompted to create a new log le if there is not already an existing one.

With event logging turned on, all of the event data is wrien to a log le

on the computer that can then be viewed later. To turn event logging

o, click on the icon again. No other visible changes occur while turning

event logging on and o. Event logging remains on as long as you are in

the Trac View screen. If you switch to another screen of SmartSensor

Manager, and then come back to the Trac View window, event logging

will have been turned o.

View Event Log –

 Opens the current event log le in a text editor, such as

Notepad (see Figure 6.10).

Event LogFigure 6.10 –

The event log le breaks down each event and reports back the event

Timestamp, Lane Name, Duration, Event Speed, Class, and Count. The

72 CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

timestamp, which is formaed using the local time zone seings on your

computer in hours, minutes, seconds and milliseconds, is the time the

vehicle entered the detection zone. The lane name is a string of eight

alphanumeric characters that describe the lane. The duration is the number

of 2.5ms ticks that elapsed while the vehicle was in the sensor’s detection

zone. The event speed represents the speed of the vehicle, displayed either

in miles per hour (mph) or kilometers per hour (kph). The class indicates

into which one of three length-based classication groupings (0=Small,

1=Medium, and 2=Large) the vehicle ts. The count is the time the vehicle

entered the detection zone encoded as the number of 2.5ms ticks counted

on the sensor since the beginning of the day (UTC time).

Note

Each time the Turn Event Logging On and O buon is pressed, a new

header is created in the log le.

Actuation/Event Toggle –

 Changes between Actuation and Event modes.

Clicking on the icon when an “A” is displayed changes the mode from

Event to Actuation. Clicking on the icon when an “E” is displayed changes

the mode from Actuation to Event mode.

In Actuation mode, the three leftmost icons are inactive, and the vehicles are

displayed as long as they are present in the detection zone.

Interval Data

This screen allows you to verify interval data accuracy. The most recent interval

data is displayed on the screen (see Figure 6.11). In order to keep a record of your

verication results, the interval data can also be saved to a log le while you

remain on this screen.

CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

View Interval DataFigure 6.11 –

Before interval data verication is performed, do the following:

Specify the desired interval length in the Interval (Bin) Size edit box. To do 1

this, enable the edit box by pressing Edit, then type the desired length of

the interval in seconds and press Submit. The minimum interval allowed

is ve seconds. If you must cancel your changes, press Cancel and Refresh.

Pressing Refresh buon will restore the current interval length.

Synchronize the sensor time to your computer’s UTC time. This will 2

ensure that intervals will begin and end at the expected time. Intervals are

timestamped at the end of the interval. To synchronize the sensor time,

click the Synchronize icon, which shows two overlapping clocks.

The other two icons near the boom of the page are for logging data:

Turn Interval Data Logging On/O –

 Turns event logging on and o.

Click on the icon (it shows a clock and light switch) to toggle the switch on

and o. Once you’ve turned it on, you will be prompted to create a new log

le if there is not already an existing one. Now all of the data shown on the

screen will be wrien to a standard text le that can be viewed at any time.

View Interval Data Log –

 Opens the log le in a text editor such as

Notepad (see Figure 6.12). The icon shows a clock and paper.

Interval Data LogFigure 6.12 –

74 CHAPTer 6 o LANE SETUP

The interval data in the Interval Data Screen is displayed in a table that contains

the lane name, volume, speed, occupancy, and class. The lane at the top of the

table is the lane closest to the sensor. At the boom of the screen is a status bar

that indicates the time the interval data table was last updated. It also displays

the amount of time that has elapsed since this update.

Lane Name –

 Displays the string of eight alphanumeric characters that

describes the lane.

Volume –

 Shows the number of events during the interval.

Interval Lane Speed –

 Represents the average speed of the lane during the

time of the interval. The speed is displayed either in miles per hour (mph)

or kilometers per hour (kph), depending on your seings.

Occupancy –

 Displays the percentage of time vehicles occupied the

sensor’s detection zone during the selected interval.

Class –

 Represents the percentage of vehicles detected as ing in one of

three length-based classication groupings (Small, Medium, and Large).

Note

To open data logs from anywhere in the Smart Sensor Manager program,

go to File>Data Logs . . . >Open and select the type of log. This will open

the most recently used log.

In this Chapter

Data Collection Setup 

Data Download 

Data Logs 

Once you’ve set up your sensor and lanes, you can collect data for studies. This

chapter outlines the steps necessary for data collection

Data Collection Setup

Go to Data Collection>Setup to prepare your sensor for a study. The screen that

appears is divided into two steps: Congure Data Storage and Congure the

Sensor (see Figure 7.1).

Data Collection

76 CHAPTer 7 o DATA COLLECTION

Data Collection SetupFigure 7.1 –

Step 1: Congure Data Storage

The Interval (Bin) Size option species the interval of time over which trac

variables like volume, speed, occupancy and classication are aggregated. This

type of data is called interval data. The minimum interval allowed is ve seconds.

By default, the checkbox next to Memory Overwrite is checked. This means that

your study will run indenitely and repeatedly overwrite the ash memory

onboard storage. This means that in order to not lose collected data, you must

download it to a log on your computer before it is overwrien.

Alternatively, you can uncheck the Memory Overwrite checkbox. In this case,

the study will run only until the sensor’s ash memory has been lled with

interval data.

Note

Once the ash memory buer is full, it must be erased before it can be

reused. Before you erase the stored data, you will want to download the

data to a log le on your computer.

The third line under Step 1 displays the Flash Storage Time. This shows the

duration of interval data that a full ash buer holds, calculated for you as

a number of days and hours. Because of the way ash memory is managed,

the Flash Storage Time will vary based on whether or not you have Memory

Overwrite enabled.

CHAPTer 7 o DATA COLLECTION

Step 2: Congure the Sensor

When you are ready to begin the study, click on the Start buon to:

Enable ash storage



Save the selected seings to the sensor



Synchronize the sensor date and time



Erase stored data from both SRAM and ash memory



It will take several seconds before the study actually begins. When the study

does begin, the start time will be displayed in the status bar at the boom of the

screen.

Note

If the start time does not coincide directly with the beginning of an

interval, the rst interval in memory will contain a partial aggregation of

data.

Interval Data Buffer Status

As soon as the study begins, the View Interval Data Buer Status window will

appear. This window shows you how much of the guaranteed onboard storage

space is lled with interval data. If the data collection setup process has just

nished, the storage space should be mostly unused. If you leave this window

open, the status will be updated every 30 seconds. The blue bars indicate the

amount of memory that contains data (see Figure 7.2).

View Interval Data Buffer StatusFigure 7.2 –

78 CHAPTer 7 o DATA COLLECTION

Note

This screen can be accessed via the Data Collection Download screen by

clicking on the View Data Buer Status buon.

The sensor’s SRAM buer contains up to 246 of the most recent interval data

records. This type of storage is temporary because SRAM is volatile—its contents

will be lost if the sensor’s power supply is interrupted. The sensor’s ash

memory buer contains up to 2975 interval data records. This type of storage is

permament because ash memory is nonvolatile—it will retain its contents even

if the sensor’s power supply is interrupted.

Note

The smallest amount of ash memory that can be erased at one time

represents several interval data records. As a result, if you are collecting

data with the Memory Ovewrite feature enabled, you will not typically see

the buer ll up 100%. In fact, you may see the usage fall from near 100% to

something near 80%. This is because as usage approaches 100%, a portion

of the oldest contents are erased in order to make room for newer data.

If you want to force the contents of the sensor’s SRAM buer to be wrien to

ash memory, click the Transfer>> buon.

Data Download

To download interval data stored on the sensor in the SRAM and ash memory

buers—such as data collected in a study—go to Data Collection>Download.

The screen that comes up is divided into two sections, Download Interval Data

and Interval Data Buers (see Figure 7.3).

CHAPTer 7 o DATA COLLECTION

Data DownloadFigure 7.3 –

Download Interval Data

Under the Download Interval Data section, click the Browse buon. This will

open a directory box where you can either create a new data download le log

or locate an existing download le log. Once you’ve selected an existing le or

entered the name of the new le, select Open.

Next, select the type of download to perform. The following types of download

sessions are available:

Normal –

 Retrieves all interval data from the beginning of the study to the

most recent record. The number of lanes per record is determined by the

number of lanes currently congured on the sensor.

Incremental –

 Retrieves only the interval data that was recorded after the

indicated date and time. The number of lanes per record is determined by

the number of lanes currently congured on the sensor.

Error Recovery –

 Retrieves the entire contents of the ash memory buer.

The ash memory buer contains 2976 records and each record has data

for eight lanes. The contents of SRAM are not retrieved in this mode.

You can perform this type of download to verify the contents of the ash

memory buer in the event that a normal or incremental download does

not retrieve all the data that you expect to receive.

Once you have selected the type of download, click Download.

Note

Each time a data download is performed, a header is inserted into the log

le that indicates the date of the download.

80 CHAPTer 7 o DATA COLLECTION

Data in the SRAM buer contains the most recent information and will be

downloaded rst. If there is any data in the ash buer, it will be downloaded

second. However, before the data is wrien to the log le it will be reordered, so

that the oldest data intervals will be near the top of the le.

If you want to cancel the download or if you only want to download a certain

number of intervals, click the Stop buon as soon as the desired number of

interval data records are downloaded. Once the download process has stopped,

a window is displayed that indicates number of interval data records that were

downloaded.

Note

If your sensor experienced power cycles during the study, it may have

been impossible for SmartSensor Manager to determine the timestamp of

some of your intervals. The timestamp entry for these intervals will appear

blank. If you have detailed knowledge about the length of the study and

when the power cycles occurred (and for how long), you may be able to

reconstruct the unknown timestamps. Periodic connection to the sensor is

recommended in order to resynchronize the sensor time in case of a power

cycle.

Interval Data Buffers

The second section of the download screen is Interval Data Buers. This section

has two options, View Data Buer Status and Erase Data Buers.

Selecting View Data Buer Status takes you to the Interval Data Buer

Status screen; see the Data Collection Setup section of this chapter for more

information.

Note

If you are not sure when your storage space will completely ll up with

data; you can click on the View Data Buer Status buon and monitor

its progress. You can also look at the Flash Storage Time entry on the Data

Collection Setup screen to see how long you have before the ash memory

lls up. Multiply the percentage of remaining storage space by the total

Flash Storage Time to approximate the remaining amount of time before

the storage space will completely ll up.

Selecting Erase Stored Data clears the sensor’s memory and starts fresh. If the

storage space is full, data must be downloaded or erased in order for the study to

continue.

CHAPTer 7 o DATA COLLECTION

Note

If intervals expire during (or immediately after) your download, you will

be prompted to download the new intervals before you erase. If you are

presented with the option to download and erase, it is recommended that

you do so in order to prevent losing data.

Data Logs

Going to File>Data Logs . . . allows you to create new data logs, open existing

ones, and export logs into 3 Card format.

Selecting New and then the type of log—Download, Interval or Event—opens a

directory box where you can create a new log. This le will then be used to log

data. If you created an event log, going to View>Trac (Event) Data and turning

logging on will ll the log. If you created an interval log, going to View>Interval

Data and turning logging on will ll the log. If you created a download log,

going to Data Collection>Download and downloading data will ll the log.

Note

If you haven’t created a log le when you go to start logging, the program

will prompt you to create one then.

Selecting Open and then the type of log will open the most recently used log in

a text editor such as Notebook.

Note

You can also open event and interval logs by going to View>Trac (Event)

Data or View>Interval Data and clicking the View Log buon; you can

view download logs by selecting the View data le when this window is

closed buon after downloading.

Export

Select File>Data Logs . . . >Export to export an interval log or download log to

another le format (see Figure 7.4).

82 CHAPTer 7 o DATA COLLECTION

Export Data LogsFigure 7.4 –

First, select the le to export by clicking the “. . .” buon next to the Export File

text eld. This will open a directory where you can select the log to be exported.

Next is a spot to select the format for export. Currently the only supported

destination le format is 3 Card (for more information about this format, see the

FH WA’s Trac Monitoring Guide, available from wa.dot.gov). Click Continue.

On the following screen, ll out the requested information, which includes a

starting and ending date, a station ID number, the functional classication of the

sensor site, the state you’re located in, and any restrictions. Click Continue when

you’re done.

Note

The starting date and ending date will generally be the rst and last day of

data in your interval log le. However, you may wish to set your starting

date and ending date so that you export only certain days.

On the third page, specify the lane assignment number and lane direction. So

that you can tell which lane you’re working with, the lanes are numbered under

the Sensor Log File heading, with the lane closest to the sensor at the top of

the list. While multiple lanes may have the same direction, no two lanes may

have both the same direction and number, unless that number is 0. You can call

multiple lanes 0 in order to group them together (see Figure 7.5).

CHAPTer 7 o DATA COLLECTION

Step 3 of Export ProcessFigure 7.5 –

Click Finish to create the 3 Card le. (To see the le immediately, click the Open

3 Card export le when nished box.) SmartSensor Manager will take the

entered information and format the le according to 3 Card standards.

In this Chapter

Hyperterminal 

Firmware Upload 

The Tools menu allows you to view and send messages to and from the sensor,

as well as to upload rmware.

Hyperterminal

Hyperterminal allows you to send message requests and view message

responses for any commands in either Simple or Multi-drop protocols (see Figure

8.1). Enter the request in the text eld marked Command Line located near

the top of the screen. Click on the appropriate radio buon to either transmit

information all at once after you’ve hit Enter on the keyboard or to automatically

transmit each character as it is typed. The message response will be returned in

the gray scrollable area below the Command Line.

You may also use binary mode to verify operation of binary protocols supported

by SmartSensor by clicking the Binary Mode buon.

Tools

86 CHAPTer 8 o TOOLS

HyperterminalFigure 8.1 –

Firmware Upload

When you rst connect, the program will prompt you to update your rmware

if it sees a discrepancy between the software and rmware versions, but you can

also go at any time to Tools>Firmware Upload and select a rmware le (.hex)

stored on your computer to upload to your sensor (see Figure 8.2).

Before using something other than the most current rmware version, please

contact Wavetronix Technical Services for assistance.

To upload rmware, click the appropriate radio buon for either DSP or FPGA

rmware. Click the Browse . . . buon to locate the rmware stored on your

computer; click the UPLOAD buon to transfer the rmware to the sensor.

CHAPTer 8 o TOOLS

Firmware UploadFigure 8.2 –

In this Chapter

Selecting the Contact Closure Model 

Programming Sensors for Use with Contact Closures 

Programming Contact Closures 

In many applications, you will not need to use your SmartSensor with contact

closure cards. Often trac data is collected directly from the sensor via a serial,

modem or Internet connection. However, a contact closure module is often

needed to use a SmartSensor with a trac controller, trac data recorder or

other type of data logger.

Selecting the Contact Closure Model

In some applications, all of the contact closure modules listed in Table 9.1 below

could be used, but one model may have major advantages over the others; for

example, the Click! 101 is beer for midblock applications.

Model Number Form Factor Major Advantages

Click! 100 Din rail Screw terminals for easy wiring to automatic trafc

recorders or data loggers

Click! 101 Din rail Collection from multiple sensors

Click! 172/174 Rack card Works with standard ITS and intersection detector

racks (NEMA TS1/TS2, 170, 2070)

Click! 500 Din rail User-programmable contact closure development

platform for virtually any application.

Advantages of Contact Closure ModelsTable 9.1 –

Contact Closure Communications

90 CHAPTer 9 o CONTACT CLOSURE COMMUNICATIONS

Click! 100 –

 The Click! 100 is a din rail–mounted contact closure that can

be used in cabinets without detector racks and simplies integration into

automatic data recorders and data loggers. The wiring harness of the

automatic data recorders can connect directly to the screw terminals of

the Click! 100. Application notes for wiring to common automatic trac

recorders can be obtained by contacting your authorized Wavetronix

dealer or Wavetronix Technical Services.

Click! 101 –

 The Click! 101 has the built-in capability of collecting from

multiple SmartSensor units simultaneously, making it an excellent choice

for midblock applications. This allows one Click! 101 to collect trac data

from all the SmartSensor stations pertaining to an intersection. For arterial

management, the resulting system is very cost-eective and can be rapidly

deployed, especially when wireless communications is included.

Each SmartSensor uses its two communication ports to send real-time

trac data to both cabinets for which it is collecting data (see Figure 9.1).

The real-time data is used to control the intersection using either local

control strategies or closed-loop control systems like ACS-lite.

SmartSensor Sending Real-time Data to Multiple Approaches Using Dual PortsFigure 9.1 –

Click! 172/174 –

 The Click! 172/174 are contact closure cards that allow

the SmartSensor to integrate into standard ITS and intersection detector

racks. The Click! 172 has two contact closure outputs and the Click! 174 has

four. The Click! 172/174 are commonly used in legacy ITS cabinets or for

midblock intersection detection. Multiple modules can be daisy-chained

together to collect data from all eight lanes possible with SmartSensor.

Unlike the Click! 101, which actively collects information from multiple

sensors, each Click! 172/174 is dedicated to a single sensor. During

programming, the Click! 172/174 cards transmit conguration information

to SmartSensor to set up the mode of operation. Once the mode is set up,

the rack cards stop transmiing messages and passively listen for data

pushed by the sensor.

CHAPTer 9 o CONTACT CLOSURE COMMUNICATIONS

Tip

In many cases, the trac data detected by SmartSensor is valuable to both

operations and planning departments. However, when legacy systems are

used, often there is no mechanism to directly share the data. Even with the

limitations of legacy systems, contact closures can sometimes provide a

way for operations and planning to both get what they need from a single

sensor. For example, the operations department can collect trac data into

a trac controller via a Click! 172/174 over one of the SmartSensor’s two

ports. Then the planning department can use the second port to send data

to an automatic trac data recorder via a Click! 100.

Click! 500 –

 The Click! 500 is a user-programmable contact closure

platform for virtually any application. For example, the Click! 500 can be

programmed to activate a contact closure output when vehicles over a

specied speed and length are detected. To accelerate development, the

Click! 500 will provide developers with SmartSensor communication

drivers.

For a full description of each module refer to the Click! quick-start guides, user

manuals and bid specications. Or contact your authorized Wavetronix dealer or

Wavetronix Technical Services for more information.

Programming Sensors for Use with Contact Closures

Click! 100 –

 The Click! 100 supports baud rates from 9600 to 57600 bps.

When using a Click! 100, make sure your SmartSensor is set to operate at a

baud rate in this range.

Click! 101 –

 The Click! 101 modules support baud rates from 9600 to 115200

bps. The Click! 101 identies each sensor by its sensor ID. Before you

congure the Click! 101, you can retrieve the sensor ID using SmartSensor

Manager over communication link.

Click! 172/174 –

 The Click! 172/174 modules support baud rates from 9600

to 57600 bps. When using a Click! 172/174 device, make sure SmartSensor

is set to operate at a baud rate in this range. To select which SmartSensor

lanes are mapped to the Click! 172/174 outputs, the lane names of the

SmartSensor need to be set up correctly using SmartSensor Manager. The

rst character of the lane name should take on the value 0 to 9. The second

character can take on a value R or L to represent the direction trac is

owing. For example, lane names could be 1R (right to left) or 1L (left to

right).

92 CHAPTer 9 o CONTACT CLOSURE COMMUNICATIONS

Note

The SmartSensor default loop size and spacing will change the values of

SmartSensor data. The default loop size is used in the calculation of lane

occupancy, vehicle duration and vehicle length. The default loop spacing

is used in the calculation of vehicle speed and length. The Click! 100 and

172/174 also use these seings to change the duration and spacing of contact

closures signaled on their output pins. If your SmartSensor is connected to

a contact closure device and you are also retrieving data serially, rst adjust

the default loop size and spacing to match the inductive loop setup that

you’re trying to emulate, then adjust the individual lane size and spacing

values used to calculate the per lane scale factors.

Click! 500 –

 The Click! 500 modules support baud rates from 9600 to

115200 bps. Any special programming of SmartSensor for an application

running on the Click! 500 will be explained in the documentation for that

application.

Programming Contact Closures

The contact closure modules have several modes of operation explained in their

respective quick-start guides and user manuals. Consult this documentation to

determine the mode appropriate for your application. This documentation will

explain how to program each mode.

In the Appendix

A – Cable Connector Denitions 

B – Old Cable Connector Denitions 

C – Cable Lengths 

D – Direct Serial Connections 

Appendix

Appendix A – Cable Connector Denitions

The SmartSensor cable is composed of three groups of wires, each containing color-

coded wires and a drain wire and surrounded by a shield. Table A.1 details the

pinout of the cable and the appropriate connection inside the cabinet for each wire:

Wire Description

Red +DC

Black -DC

Drain GND

Blue -485

White +485

Drain 485 GND

Yellow 232 (TD)

Violet 232 (RD)

Drain GND

Orange RTS

Brown CTS

Gray 232 GND

SmartSensor Cable and Cabinet ConnectionTable A.1 –

94 APPeNdiX

See Figure A.1 for a diagram of the previously used SmartSensor cable’s 25-pin

socket assignment. The codes listed in the diagram are to be used to solder wires

into the back of the plug where the leers represent the individual solder cups.

SmartSensor 105 Plug Connector Socket AssignmentFigure A.1 –

Appendix B – Old Cable Connector Denitions

The previously used SmartSensor cable is composed of six twisted pairs of wire.

Each pair is composed of a black and a red wire, accompanied by a drain wire

and surrounded by a shield. A numeric label (1 through 6) identies each pair of

black and red wires. Table A.2 details the pinout of the cable and the appropriate

connection inside the cabinet for each wire:

Cable Description

Red 1 +DC

Black 1 -DC

Drain of Pair 1 GND

Red 2 +DC

Black 2 -DC

Drain of Pair 2 GND

95APPeNdiX

Red 3 +485

Black 3 -485

Drain of Pair 3 485 GND

Red 4 232 (TD) output from sensor

Black 4 232 (RD) input to sensor

Drain of Pair 4 232 GND

Pair 5 Reserved for future use

Red 6 CTS ow for 232

Black 6 RTS ow for 232

Cabinet ConnectionTable A.2 –

Use Figure A.2 below if you are using the old SmartSensor cable:

Click! 200 Wiring (Old)Figure A.2 –

See Figure A.3 below for a diagram of the previously used SmartSensor cable’s

25-pin socket assignment. The codes listed in the diagram are to be used to

solder wires into the back of the plug where the leers represent the individual

solder cups.

96 APPeNdiX

Old SmartSensor SS105 Plug Connector Socket AssignmentFigure A.3 –

Communication between the SmartSensor and PC can be established using

the RS-232 DTE specications, along with the use of a null modem cable and

the standard 9-pin “D” male connector. Please use the following guidelines for

connecting the SmartSensor cable to the serial connection on a PC or modem

when not using a Click! 200.

Note

The RS-232 pinouts remain the same on the SmartSensor cable regardless

of whether you’re connecting to a PC or a modem. If you’re connecting to

a PC, a null modem cable is required. If you’re connecting to a modem or

other DCE device, then a straight-through serial cable is used.

97APPeNdiX

Table A.3 below shows the individual wiring of both the new and old

SmartSensor cables and how they correspond.

Orion Color-Coded Cable Beldin 9331 Cable

Power

Red Red 1, Red 2

Black Black 1, Black 2

Drain None

RS-485

White Red 3

Blue Black 3

Drain Drain 3

RS-232

Yellow Red 4

Violet Black 4

Orange Black 6

Brown Red 6

Gray Drain 4

Drain Drain 4

None Red 5, Black 5, Drain 5, Drain 6

Belden 9331 (Old Cable) ConversionsTable A.3 –

Appendix C – Cable Lengths

The recommendations in Table A.4 below allow you to provide reliable power

to the SmartSensor. The SmartSensor cable’s red and black wires provide a 20

AWG wire pair. The other pairs on the SmartSensor cable are 22 AWG and are

normally used for communication.

Cable Gauge 24 Volts 12 Volts

20 AWG (SS Cable) 600 ft. (182.9 m) 110 ft. (33.5 m)

Additional 22 AWG Add 400 ft. (121.9 m) Add 75 ft. (22.9 m)

22 AWG (Old SS Cable) 400 ft. (121.9 m) 75 ft. (22.9 m)

Additional 22 AWG Add 400 ft. (121.9 m) Add 75 ft. (22.9 m)

14 AWG 2500 ft. (762 m) 450 ft. (137.2 m)

12 AWG 3900 ft. (1188.7 m) 700 ft. (213.4 m)

10 AWG 6000 ft. (1828.8 m) 1050 ft. (320 m)

8 AWG 9900 ft. (3017.5 m) 1750 ft. (533.4 m)

6 AWG 14,000 ft. (4267.2 m) 2500 ft. (762 m)

Maximum Cable Length for PowerTable A.4 –

If the cable length is longer than 600 ft. (182.9 m) when operating at 24 V, it is

98 APPeNdiX

possible to increase the maximum cable length by wiring a pair of lines normally

used for RS-232 communications with the red and black wires.

If the cable length is 200 ft. (61 m) or greater you cannot reliably use RS-232

communications. To add 400 ft. (121.9 m) and achieve a maximum cable length of

1000 ft. (304.8 m), connect the orange wire (normally RTS) to the red wire and the

brown wire (normally CTS) to the black wire.

If your cable run is longer than 1000 ft. (304.8 m), it is possible to sacrice

additional communication pairs to increase the maximum cable length for

power. However, you may desire to communicate to the sensor over two

independent channels, in which case you will need to consider an alternate cable

for power. The AWG for wire pairs that achieve a 2000 ft. (609.6 m) maximum

cable length or greater at 12 and 24 V are listed in Table A.5.

To achieve reliable wired communications, the selected baud rate must be

compatible with the length of the cable run. Table A.5 below shows the cable

length recommendations for wired communications:

Baud Rate (bps) RS-232 RS-485

115200 40 ft. (12.2 m) 300 ft. (91.4 m)

57600 60 ft. (18.3 m) 600 ft. (182.9 m)

38400 100 ft. (30.5 m) 800 ft. (243.8)

19200 140 ft. (42.7 m) 1000 ft. (304.8 m)

9600 200 ft. (61 m) 2000 ft. (609.6 m)

Maximum Cable Length for Wired CommunicationsTable A.5 –

To provide two independent communication channels with a homerun cable

length over 200 ft. (61 m), convert the RS-232 data into RS-485 using a Click! 304

in a pole-mount cabinet mounted next to the sensor. In this case, the homerun

connection establishes one RS-485 channel over the normal white/blue wire

pair and another RS-485 channel over the yellow/violet wire pair. An additional

Click! 304 is needed to convert the data sent over the yellow/violet wire pair back

to RS-232 before connecting to surge protection.

If you elect to use an alternate cable for power, you may also want to select an

alternate cable for RS-485 communications. Some options include the Belden

3105A (Paired – EIA Industrial RS-485 PLTC/CM) or Alpha Wire 6010C 3PR 22

AWG.

There are many reliable options available for wired power and communications

connections (see Table A.6).

99APPeNdiX

Length Cable Comm. Channel 1 Comm. Channel 2

0–200 ft. (0–61 m) SmartSensor Cable Native RS-485 Native RS-232

200–1000 ft.

(61–304.8 m)

SmartSensor Cable Native RS-485 Click! conversion of

RS-232 to RS-485

1000–1400 ft.

(304.8–426.7 m)

SmartSensor Cable Native RS-485 N/A

1400–2000 ft.

(426.7–609.6 m)

Alternate

power and

communications

cable

Native RS-485 Click! conversion of

RS-485 to RS-232

Cable Length OptionsTable A.6 –

Appendix D – Direct Serial Connections

For most applications, the service end of the SmartSensor cable terminates in a

surge protection device. However, during demonstrations, troubleshooting, and

certain other situations, it is sometimes convenient to bypass surge protection

and connect directly to a personal computer or communications device such as a

modem.

The sensor is congured as an RS-232 DTE device. To connect the SmartSensor

cable’s RS-232 wires directly to another DTE device (such as a PC), you can use

a standard 9-pin “D” connector and a null modem cable. To connect directly to

a DCE device (such as a modem), you will need a straight-through cable. Figure

A.4 illustrates both of these cases.

Direct Serial ConnectionsFigure A.4 –

100 APPeNdiX

Note

If you do not have the right type of RS-232 physical connection you will

not be able to connect using the SmartSensor Manager software. Since null

modem cables and straight-through cables look similar, you may want

to label them. Alternatively, you may want to use a null modem adapter

instead of a null modem cable. If you do, you can turn your straight-

through cable into a null modem cable by aaching the adapter on one end.

If you wish to connect the SmartSensor cable’s RS-485 wires directly to a

PC or modem, this will require that these devices natively support RS-485

communications. Often, modern personal computers do not support RS-485

communications and support USB communications instead. If your computer

only supports USB communications, you may want to use a Click! serial to USB

converter to make a direct connection.

Wavetronix SS105V SMARTSENSOR 105 User Manual 2

Wavetronix, LLC SMARTSENSOR 105 Users Manual 2

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