Wi Lan EB01 Wireless Ethernet Bridge User Manual Hopper 120 24

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Users Manual with RF safety statement

Hopper Plus 120-24

Wireless Ethernet Bridge

Installation and

Conﬁguration Guide

Version 1.0 Rev B

08/00

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Contents

Notices ..................................................................................... v

Regulatory Notice ...................................................................................... v

Other Notices ............................................................................................ vi

Contacting Wi-LAN ................................................................................... vi

Contacting Customer Support vi

Description .............................................................................. 1

Hopper Plus 120-24 Wireless Ethernet Bridge ..........................................1

Making a Wireless Bridge 1

Creating a Wireless Network 2

About Hopper Plus Units 2

Hardware Description ................................................................................3

Shipping Package Contents 3

Hopper Plus 120-24 Unit 3

Hopper Plus 120-24 Specifications ............................................................6

Installation ............................................................................... 9

Basic Installation Steps ..............................................................................9

Configuring a Unit as a Base ...................................................................10

Testing Basic Operation ..........................................................................11

Performing a Bench Test 11

Performing a Simple Network Test 13

Configuration ........................................................................ 15

Accessing the Main Menu ........................................................................16

Accessing Main Menu with MANAGEMENT Port 16

Accessing Units via telnet 17

Setting VT100 Arrows 18

Configuring with the Main Menu ..............................................................19

Unit Identification .....................................................................................20

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Viewing Unit Identification 20

Setting Unit Identification 21

Hardware/Software Revision ................................................................... 23

Viewing System Revision Information 23

System Software ROM Images ............................................................... 24

Viewing System Software ROM Images 24

Current System Status ............................................................................ 25

Viewing Current System Status 25

IP Network Configuration ........................................................................ 26

Setting the Internet IP Address and Subnet Mask 26

Setting the Default Gateway IP Address 27

Setting the SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 28

IP Filter Configuration .............................................................................. 29

RF Station Configuration ......................................................................... 32

Setting Test Mode Time 32

Setting the Operating Mode 33

Setting the RF Transmit Status 35

Setting the Link Monitor Period 36

Setting Maximum Remote Distance (Base Station Only) 37

Setting Link Monitor Remote Station Rank

(Base Station Only) 38

Setting Throttling (Remote Station Only) 40

Radio Module Configuration .................................................................... 41

Setting the Station Type 42

Setting the Station Rank 43

Setting the Center Frequency 44

Setting Security Passwords 45

Setting the Scrambling Code 46

Setting the Acquisition Code 47

Setting Config Test Minutes 48

Setting Repeater Mode (Base Station Only) 49

Setting System Symmetry Type (Base Station Only) 50

Setting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only) 51

Setting Remote Unit RF Group 52

Rebooting and Saving RF Configurations 53

RF/Ethernet Statistics .............................................................................. 55

Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics 55

System Security ...................................................................................... 58

Setting Community Names 58

Setting Login Passwords 59

Setting Remote Access 60

Setting the Automatic Timeout 61

System Commands ................................................................................. 62

Setting Default System Image 62

Setting the Reboot System Image 63

Rebooting the Current Image 63

Restoring Configurations 64

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

iii

Resetting the RF/Ethernet Statistics 64

Link Monitor Display .................................................................................66

Viewing Link Monitor Statistics 66

Logout ......................................................................................................67

Logging Out 67

Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button ......................................68

Using the MODE Button 68

Command Line Interface .........................................................................70

Using Basic Commands 70

Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link ......................... 71

Planning the Physical Layout ...................................................................71

Measuring the Physical Distance Between Units 71

Determining Antenna Requirements 71

Determining Cable Requirements 72

Calculating Fade Margins 72

Determining Environmental Requirements 72

Optimizing the RF Link .............................................................................72

Overview 72

Working with System Gain 74

Calculating EIRP (Effective Isotropically Radiated Power) 75

Optimizing Antenna Gain 76

Calculating Propagation Loss 76

Working with the Fresnel Zone 76

Calculating Cable Loss 77

Calculating Path Loss 78

Working with the Fade Margin 78

Link Budget Example ...............................................................................79

Antenna Basics ........................................................................................80

Antenna Parameters 80

Implementation Considerations 81

Selecting Antennas 82

Wi-LAN’s Antenna Selection 82

Antenna Installation Factors 82

Minimal Clearance Above Obstructions 84

Installing Antennas 84

Fine-tuning Antennas 85

Co-locating Units 85

Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal .....................................87

Starting HyperTerminal ............................................................................87

Determining the Communications Port ....................................................91

Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network .............93

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Checking the Network Adaptor Installation ............................................. 93

Configuring the Network .......................................................................... 94

Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive ............................ 97

Appendix D: SNMP MIB ....................................................... 99

About SNMP MIB .................................................................................... 99

Wi-LAN Object Identifier Nodes ............................................................ 100

Using Object Identifier Nodes ............................................................... 101

Appendix E: Technical Reference Information ................ 111

Front Panel LEDs .................................................................................. 111

Power Connector Pinout ....................................................................... 112

Glossary .............................................................................. 113

Index .................................................................................... 121

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Notices

This guide and the application and hardware described herein are furnished under license

and are subject to a confidentiality agreement. The software and hardware can be used

only in accordance with the terms and conditions of this agreement.

No part of this guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means

electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, including photocopying and recording without the

express written permission of Wi-LAN, Inc.

While every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this guide is

correct, Wi-LAN, Inc. does not warrant the information is free of errors or omissions.

Information contained in this guide is subject to change without notice.

Regulatory Notice

The Hopper Plus 120-24 product presented in this guide complies with the following

regulations and/or regulatory bodies:

¥ RSS-210 and/or RSS-139 of Industry Canada

¥ FCC Part 15

¥ CEPT/ERC Recommendations, ETS 300-328,

ETS 300-826, and EN 60950

Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

¥ this device may not cause interference, and

¥ this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause

undesired operation of the device.

This equipment generates, uses, and radiates radio frequency and, if not installed and used

in accordance with this guide, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.

However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which

can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to

correct the interference by one or more of the following methods:

¥ reorient or relocate the receiving antenna,

¥ increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

¥ connect equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is

connected.

Notices

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

¥ consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

¥ selecting and testing different channels, if employing 2.4 GHz equipment.

As the Hopper Plus 120-24 is used on a license-exempt, non-frequency coordinated,

unprotected spectrum allocation, and thus can be subject to random unidentified

interference, applications must not be those of a primary control where a lack of

intercommunication could cause danger to property, process, or person. An alternative

fail-safe should be designed into any system to ensure safe operation or shut down, should

communication be lost for any reason.

Other Notices

¥ Changes or modifications to the equipment not expressly approved by Wi-LAN, Inc.,

could void the user s authority to operate the equipment.

¥ Appropriately shielded remote I/O serial cable with the metal connector shell and

cable shield properly connected to chassis ground shall be used to reduce the radio

frequency interference.

¥ FCC radio frequency exposure limits may be exceeded at distances closer than 23

centimeters from the antenna of this device.

¥ All antenna installation work shall be carried out by a knowledgeable and professional

installer.

¥ Use only a power adapter approved by Wi-LAN.

Contacting Wi-LAN

You can contact Wi-LAN applications engineers to help troubleshoot your Wi-LAN

products and to plan your wireless network applications.

Contacting Customer Support

You can contact Wi-LAN customer support at the locations listed below:

You can also contact the Wi-LAN dealer or representative in your region. Phone or email

Wi-LAN for information about the dealer in your area.

Mailing Address

Wi-LAN, Inc.

Suite 300, 801 Manning Road N.E.

Calgary, Alberta CANADA

T2E 8J5

Tel: +1-403-273-9133

Canada and USA Call toll free: 1-800-258-6876

Available from: 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. (GMT-7:00)

Outside North America Call: +1-403-273-9133

Available from: 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. (GMT-7:00)

All locations Send an e-mail message to:

techsupport@wi-lan.com

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Description

Hopper Plus 120-24 Wireless Ethernet Bridge

The Hopper Plus 120-24 is a wireless Ethernet bridge that provides high-speed, wireless

connectivity at a fraction of the cost of wired solutions. It uses multi-code direct sequence

spread spectrum technology over the license-exempt, 2.4 - 2.4835 GHz ISM radio band.

The maximum data rate is 12.0 Mbps.

The Hopper Plus 120-24:

¥ provides wireless connectivity at speeds up to eight times faster than regular T1 lines,

making the Hopper Plus ideal for providing high-speed Internet access or for wirelessly

extending existing communications infrastructures.

¥ supports point-to-point and point-to-multipoint networks. Contentionless polling ensures

efficient access to remote data networks.

¥ is self-contained and easy to use. Simply connect a Hopper Plus 120-24 to each LAN

segment, and the unit automatically learns where nodes are located on the network and

performs dynamic packet filtering to ensure the local LAN traffic does not overload the

wireless connection.

Making a Wireless Bridge

The simplest example of using the Hopper Plus 120-24 is a point-to-point wireless bridge,

which requires a minimum of two units: a base unit and a remote unit. The units make a

high-speed wireless communication link between two wired network segments.

Point-to-Point Wireless Bridge.

Base

Wired Network

RemoteRouter

Main Wired Network

Router

Repeater

Hub

Switch

Firewall

Switch

Hub

Firewall

Wireless Link

Description

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Creating a Wireless Network

You can create a wireless network by adding remotes and taking advantage of the point-to-

multipoint capabilities of the Hopper Plus 120-24. Up to 255 remote units can be

contained in a wireless network.

Point-to-Multipoint Wireless Network

About Hopper Plus Units

Base Station:

A Hopper Plus 120-24 can operate as a remote unit or a base station,

however, at least one unit in the network

must

be configured as a base. A base station is

the central control unit of the wireless network. The base station polls all remote units and

controls how traffic is routed to and from remotes. The base usually connects to a major

access point of the wired network. The antenna of the base station must be capable of

transmitting and receiving radio signals to and from all the remote units in a system. If

remotes are spread over a large area, an omni-directional antenna is usually required.

Remote Units:

Remote units link wired segments of the network wirelessly to the main

network (via the base station). Remotes can limit the amount of data passed by the remote

(a function called throttling), and they can filter specific data packets. Because remote

units need to communicate only with the base station, their antennas can be more

directional and have higher gains than base antennas.

Repeaters:

A base unit can also be configured as a repeater. A repeater is needed when

remote units cannot communicate directly with each other, but direct transfers of data

between them are necessary (as in a true WAN). When configured as a repeater, the base

station passes data packets between remote stations based on the remote group status and

the MAC (Media Access Control) address filter. Remote stations ignore the packets they

hear from other remotes, and listen only to the repeated packets from the base. See

Setting

Repeater Mode (Base Station Only)

, page 49 for more information.

Base

RemoteRouter

Wired Network

RemoteRouter

Main Wired Network

Router

Repeater

Hub

Switch

Hub

Switch

Firewall

Switch

Hub

Firewall

Switch

Hub

Firewall

Hardware Description

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Hardware Description

Shipping Package Contents

When you receive a Hopper Plus, the shipping package contains the following items:

¥ Hopper Plus 120-24 unit

¥ indoor antenna

¥ power supply cord

¥ AC/DC power adapter

¥ straight-through ethernet cable (RJ45)

¥ crossover ethernet cable (RJ45)

¥ DB9 (M) to DB25 (F) adaptor

¥ RS-232 DB9 serial cable

¥ Installation and Configuration Guide

¥ Warranty Card

If any of the above items are not included in the Hopper Plus 120-24 shipping package,

contact Wi-LAN customer support immediately.

Hopper Plus 120-24 Unit

The Hopper Plus 120-24 has connectors and LEDs on the front and back panels.

Front Panel

LED IndicatorsRS-232 Management Port

Description

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

The the front panel connector and LEDs are described below. The color of a LED

indicates its status See

Front Panel LEDs

, page 111 for detailed information.

Connectors for power, antenna and wired network are located on the back panel, as well as

a mode button and a link LED.

Rear Panel

MANAGEMENT

Port

An RS-232, DB9 connector used to communicate with a

PC. Use this port to conﬁgure, test and set up the Hopper

Plus.

AIR LED Color of LED indicates the status of the wireless link

during transmit, receive, or listen. Normal color: Orange.

MODE LED Color of LED indicates the test status of the unit when

unit is in test mode. Normal color: Off.

WIRE LED Color of LED indicates the status of the wire link during

transmit, receive, transmit and receive, or listen. Normal

color: Green, Red, Orange or Off.

POWER LED Shows the status of the unit’s power. Normal color:

Green.

MODE button

LINK LED

Network

Port

Power Connector

Antenna

(TNC)

Connector

Hardware Description

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Items located on the back panel are described below:

ANTENNA Connector The antenna connector is located at the top left of the rear

panel. It is TNC (Threaded N-type Connector) male or

female. This port should always be connected to an

antenna directly or through a 50 ohm coaxial cable.

POWER Connector 3-pin power connector. See

Power Connector Pinout

, page

112 for detailed pinout illustration.

MODE Button The mode button can be used to set the operating mode of

a unit without a terminal. See

Setting Operating Mode with

the MODE Button

, page 68 for information about the mode

button.

10/100 BASET A standard RJ45 female connector. To connect to a PC

Ethernet card, you must use the crossover twisted-pair

cable (provided). To connect to a hub, use a straight-

through twisted-pair cable.

LINK LED The color of the LED indicates the data rate and status of

the twisted-pair connection.

Green = 10 BaseT link, functioning properly.

Orange = 100 BaseT link, functioning properly.

Off = No link.

Description

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Hopper Plus 120-24 Speciﬁcations

General Speciﬁcations

Modulation Method: Multi-Code Direct Sequence Spread

Spectrum

Wireless Data Rate: 12 Mbps

RF Frequency Range: 2.4 - 2.4835 MHz (unlicensed ISM band)

Number of Center Frequencies: 7 independent, 3 concurrent

Power Requirements: 48W @ 12VDC (via 110/240 VAC 50/60 Hz

adaptor)

Physical Dimensions: 24 x 8 x 21 centimeters

(9.5 x 3.2 x 8.3 inches)

Radio Speciﬁcations

Antenna Connector: Reverse TNC

TNC

Output Power: +18.5 dBm

Receiver Sensitivity: – 83 dBm

Processing Gain: >10 dB

Network Support

Packet Format: IEEE 802.3 and Ethernet II

(High-level protocol transparent)

LAN Connection: 10/100 BaseT (autonegotiates)

Bridge Functionality: Local Packet Filtering (self-learning), Static IP

address ﬁltering, throttling capability

Wireless Networking Protocols

Network Topologies: Point-to-Point, Point-to-Multipoint,

Multipoint-to-Multipoint

Repeater Mode: User Conﬁgurable

RF Collision Management: Dynamic Polling, with Dynamic Time

Allocation

Security

Data Scrambling: User Conﬁgurable

Data Security Password: Security password of up to 20 bytes in length

(10

combinations)

Conﬁguration, Management, and Diagnostics

Conﬁguration Methods: SNMP, Telnet, and RS-232 Management Port

Hopper Plus 120-24 Specifications

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

SNMP: Version I compliant (RFC 1157), MIB standard

and enterprise (RFC 1213)

Management Port Functionality: Supports system conﬁguration, security,

access control, wireless LAN diagnostics and

management, menu-driven ASCII interface via

RS-232 DB-9.

Environment

Units must be located in a weatherproof

environment with an ambient temperature

from 0 to 40º Celsius and humidity 0 – 95%

non-condensing.

Description

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Installation

Basic Installation Steps

The following basic steps are required to successfully install your Hopper Plus 120-24

wireless bridge. For detailed information about performing the steps, see the references

provided.

1. Plan your network. Before you install any equipment, you need to determine the phys-

ical layout of your wireless link, plan antenna and fade margin requirements, and opti-

mize the wireless link. For help, refer to Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link or

contact Wi-LAN customer support. You will require a minimum of two Hopper Plus

units (one conﬁgured as a base, and one conﬁgured as a remote) to create a wireless

link between two wired network segments.

2. Check the contents of each shipping carton to ensure all the required parts are

present. See Hardware Description, page 3 for a list of parts.

3. Conﬁgure one Hopper Plus unit as a base station. See Conﬁguring a Unit as a Base,

page 10. (Units come from the factory conﬁgured as remotes).

4. Test the basic operation of the bridge. See Testing Basic Operation, page 11 for more

information.

5. Place the units in their ﬁeld locations and connect them to antennas, the wired net-

work, and power.

Warning: External antennas must be professionally installed and follow accepted safety,

grounding, electrical, and civil engineering standards.

Always connect an antenna to the ANTENNA port before you power up a unit or you

can damage a unit.

6. Conﬁgure each unit as follows:

l View and set the Unit Identiﬁcation. See Viewing Unit Identiﬁcation, page 20

and Setting Unit Identiﬁcation, page 21.

l Set the Station Rank. See Setting the Station Rank, page 43.

l Set the Center Frequency. See Setting the Center Frequency, page 44.

l Set the Security Passwords. See Setting Security Passwords, page 45.

l Set the Acquisition Code. See Setting the Acquisition Code, page 47.

l Set the Remote Unit RF Group. See Setting Remote Unit RF Group, page 52.

l Change the default passwords. See Setting Login Passwords, page 59.

7. Test the installed wireless network using ping, ftp, or ﬁle transfers.

If you have problems, contact Wi-LAN customer support.

Installation

10 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Conﬁguring a Unit as a Base

Hopper Plus 120-24 units are delivered from the factory configured as remote units. To

make a wireless bridge, you need to configure one unit as a base unit (base station). All

other units in the wireless network can remain configured as remote units (so you do not

need to change the "station type" of remotes). No user software is required to install a unit.

To conﬁgure one unit as a base unit

1. Connect a PC to the MANGAGEMENT port to the Hopper Plus unit that will be the

base unit.

Connecting PC to MANAGEMENT Port

2. Start the terminal emulation program (for example, HyperTerm¤—see Appendix B:

Using HyperTerminal, page 87).

3. Press Enter. Enter the default password (choose supervisor). The Main Menu is

displayed.

AIR

MODE

WIRE

POWER

PLUS

Hopper Plus Unit

Serial Cable

to PC COM port

Management Port

Testing Basic Operation

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 11

4. Select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio Module Configuration

window is displayed.

5. Select Station Type.

6. Select Base Unit and press Enter.

7. Select Reboot New RF configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots.

8. Log in to the unit.

9. Select Save Current Config to Flash and press Enter. The settings are stored in flash

memory.

10. Select Logout from the Main Menu to exit.

Testing Basic Operation

Wi-LAN recommends that you bench test units before placing them the field. You should

first perform a standalone test, then test the bridge as part of a simple network.

Once one unit has been set to a base unit, it can then be used to test all other remote units

without making configuration changes to the remotes.(Units are shipped from factory

configured as remotes).

Performing a Bench Test

To perform a bench test of the bridge

1. Ensure that you have configured a unit as a base unit.

2. Ensure that the station type of all other units is Remote Unit. See Setting the Station

Type, page 42.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100)

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Installation

12 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

3. Locate base unit and one remote unit at least twenty meters apart with a clear line of

sight between them.

4. Attach the provided indoor antenna to the antenna port of each unit, and orient the

antenna vertically.

5. Power up both units.

Basic Test Setup

6. Observe the AIR LED of each unit and look for normal status. A normal status is

indicated when the AIR LEDs on the base and the remote unit are both orange. The

status of the AIR LED is indicated as follows.

Note: If antennas are too close together, the strong transmit signal will cause distortion at

the receiveing unit. You can fine-tune antennas by physically moving the antenna. When

the remote antenna is correctly aligned, the AIR LED is orange, indicating that data from

the base station is being received and acknowledged.

7. Run the Link Monitor test on the remote unit. See Setting Link Monitor Remote Station

Rank (Base Station Only), page 38. Check for RSSI below 40% and BER = 0. If you

have problems ensure that the unit is configured to its basic default settings or contact

Wi-LAN customer support.

8. Disable Link Monitor.

9. When both AIR LEDs are orange, power down both units and perform the simple

network test. See Performing a Simple Network Test, page 13.

Orange (both stations) The stations are continuously sending and receiving

sync packets.

Red (base station) The stations are conﬁgured incorrectly, and the base

station is transmitting without receiving

acknowledgment.

Green (remote station) The stations are conﬁgured incorrectly, and the remote

station is receiving packets to which it cannot respond.

Off Nothing is being received (by the remote) or transmitted

(from the base).

AIR

MODE

WIRE

POWER

PLUS

20m

minimum

AIR LED = orange

Base Unit Remote Unit

AIR

MODE

WIRE

POWER

PLUS

AIR LED = orange

Indoor

Antenna

Indoor

Antenna

Testing Basic Operation

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 13

Performing a Simple Network Test

To perform a simple network test

1. Connect one Hopper Plus 120-24 to the LAN.

2. Connect a PC from your network directly to the other Hopper Plus 120-24 (connect

with a 10/100 BaseT crossover cable if no hub is used).

Note: Cabling between 10/100 BaseT nodes is generally done through a net-

work hub. To make a direct 10/100 BaseT connection between a Hopper Plus

120-24 and a PC, you need a standard crossover cable (swap pins 1&3; 2&6).

Simple Network Test Setup

3. Power up each Hopper Plus 120-24 unit. Initially the LEDs should appear as follows:

4. Create some network traffic to test the bridge (for example, transfer a file across the

bridge). The WIRE LED indicates the activity. See Appendix C: Configuring a Simple

Data Network, page 93 for more information.

5. Repeat the steps for each remote you install.

6. To test network configuration further, see Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data

Network, page 93 for moreinformation about configuring simple peer-to-peer

networks.

POWER LED Green

MODE LED Off

AIR LED Orange

AIR LED = orange

Base Unit Remote Unit

MODE LED = Off

POWER LED = Green

AIR LED = orange

MODE LED = Off

POWER LED = Green

LAN

10/100 BaseT HUB

10 BaseT Cable

Direct 10 BaseT Cable (Crossover)

AIR

MODE

WIRE

POWER

PLUS

AIR

MODE

WIRE

POWER

PLUS

20m

minimum

Indoor

Antenna

Cables connect to

10 BaseT network port

(Straight

Through)

Cable

10 BaseT

Installation

14 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 15

Conﬁguration

This section explains how to access and use the main configuration menu (called the

Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 Main Menu, and shown below). In this section, each item in

the Main Menu is described in the order that it appears in the menu.

Use the Main Menu and your keyboard keys to select, view or change settings. Some

items in the menu simply display information, while others ask you to enter data or make

a selection from a list.

Main Menu

Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 Main Menu

-> Unit Identification

Hardware/Software Revision

System Software ROM Images

Current System Status

IP Network Configuration

IP Filter Configuration

RF Station Configuration

Radio Module Configuration

RF/Ethernet Statistics

System Security

System Commands

Link Monitor Display

Logout

Configuration

16 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Accessing the Main Menu

You can access the Main Menu via the MANAGEMENT port or a telnet session.

You can also configure the Hopper Plus 120-24 remotely with the SNMP (Simple

Network Management Protocol) manager. See Appendix D: SNMP MIB, page 99 for

information about SNMP.

Accessing Main Menu with MANAGEMENT Port

To access the Main Menu through the MANAGEMENT port

1. Disconnect the power from the Hopper Plus unit.

2. Connect a serial cable from a DB9 serial port on the PC to the MANAGEMENT port

on the Hopper Plus (adaptors are shipped with the unit). See Configuring a Unit as a

Base, page 10.

3. Start a terminal emulation program (such as Hyperterm) on the PC. See Appendix B:

Using HyperTerminal.

4. Set the terminal emulation program to emulate a VT100 terminal with the following

settings:

¥ COM port PC serial port connected to Hopper Plus unit

¥ Bits per second: 9600

¥ Data bits: 8

¥ Parity: none

¥ Stop bits: 1

¥ Flow control: none

5. Reconnect the power to the Hopper Plus unit.

6. Press Enter. The Login menu is displayed.

7. Type the default password, or type your password.

The Main Menu is displayed.

User user Read Only

Supervisor supervisor Read and Write

Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 Login

Software: Rev 0.0.0 (May 25 2000 10:13:37)

Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash)

Enter Password:

Accessing the Main Menu

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 17

Accessing Units via telnet

To access units via telnet

1. Ensure that the unit s Internet IP address has been configured, the unit has a working

Ethernet connection, and wire and remote access has been enabled (see Setting

Remote Access, page 60).

2. Ensure that the VT100 Arrows feature in your telnet session is enabled. See Setting

VT100 Arrows, page 18.

3. From a VT100 terminal, or emulation program, type telnet <IP address>

where <IP address> is the address of the unit that you want to configure.

4. Press Enter. The Login menu is displayed.

5. Type the default password (user or supervisor) or type your personal password.

The Main Menu is displayed.

Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 Login

Software: Rev 0.0.0 (May 25 2000 10:13:37)

Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash)

Enter Password:

Configuration

18 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting VT100 Arrows

To set the VT100 arrows in Microsoft telnet

1. In the active Microsoft telnet 1.0 session, select Terminal, Preferences from the

menu bar. The Terminal Preferences window is displayed.

2. Click the VT100 Arrows checkbox.

3. Click OK. The VT100 arrows are enabled in the telnet session.

You can now use the keyboard arrow keys to navigate the configuration menus.

Configuring with the Main Menu

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 19

Conﬁguring with the Main Menu

This section describes how to configure units with the Main Menu. Menu items are

presented in the order they appear in the menu shown below.

Main Menu

Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 Main Menu

-> Unit Identification

Hardware/Software Revision

System Software ROM Images

Current System Status

IP Network Configuration

IP Filter Configuration

RF Station Configuration

Radio Module Configuration

RF/Ethernet Statistics

System Security

System Commands

Link Monitor Display

Logout

Configuration

20 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Unit Identiﬁcation

Viewing Unit Identiﬁcation

You can view a unit s serial number, production date, and MAC address in the Unit

Identification menu. These fields are view only and are set at the factory.

To view unit identiﬁcation

1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification The Unit Identification

window is displayed.

where

Serial Number Unique serial number of the unit (Read Only).

Production Date Date that the unit was produced (Read Only).

Ethernet MAC Address Unique Internet MAC address for the unit

(Read Only).

Unit Identification

Serial Number Serial-Number

Production Date 01-01-2000

Ethernet MAC Address 001030040502

Unit Name/Description -> System Name

Unit Location System Location

Contact Name System Manager's Name

Unit Identification

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 21

Setting Unit Identiﬁcation

You can configure a unit s name, location, and contact name for system management

purposes. This information could be used to distinguish remote units by their physical

location or by meaningful names rather than the unit s station rank. The unit identification

information does not need to be configured for a working system.

To set unit name/description

1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification. The Unit Identification

window is displayed.

2. Select Unit Name/Description.

3. Type in new name or description.

4. Press Enter. The new name or description is displayed in the entry field.

where

Serial Number Unit serial number.

Production Date The production date: MM-DD-YY.

Ethernet MAC

Address

MAC (Media Access Control) address. The physical

Ethernet address.

Unit Identification

Serial Number Serial-Number

Production Date 01-01-2000

Ethernet MAC Address 001030040502

Unit Name/Description -> System Name

Unit Location System Location

Contact Name System Manager's Name

Configuration

22 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

To set unit location

1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification. The Unit Identification

window is displayed.

2. Select Unit Location.

3. Type in the new location.

4. Press Enter. The new location appears in the entry field.

To set unit contact name

1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification. The Unit Identification

window is displayed.

2. Select Contact Name.

3. Type in a contact or manager name.

4. Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field.

Unit Identification

Serial Number Serial-Number

Production Date 01-01-2000

Ethernet MAC Address 001030040502

Unit Name/Description System Name

Unit Location -> System Location

Contact Name System Manager's Name

Unit Identification

Serial Number Serial-Number

Production Date 01-01-2000

Ethernet MAC Address 1030040502

Unit Name/Description System Name

Unit Location System Location

Contact Name -> System Manager's Name

Hardware/Software Revision

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 23

Hardware/Software Revision

Viewing System Revision Information

The system revision information shows details about the system including:

¥ version of the Hopper Plus 120-24 hardware

¥ ROM and RAM size

¥ version number of the system image file on the unit

¥ version date of the system image file on the unit

¥ name of the image file running on the Hopper Plus 120-24

To view system revision information

From the Main Menu, select Hardware/Software Revision. The System Revision

Information window is displayed. The window is view only.

where

Hardware The revision number of the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit, and

the RAM and FLASH installed in the unit.

ROM Size The amount of read-only memory in the unit.

RAM Size The amount of random-access memory in the unit. This

value also appears in the Hardware ﬁeld.

Software The revision number of the system image running on the

unit, the date of the revision, and the size of the ﬁle (in

this case FACTORY-IMAGE).

File Name The ﬁle name of the system image running on the unit.

System Revision Information

Hardware Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash)

ROM Size 0x400000

RAM Size 0x400000

Software Rev 0.0.0 (Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 WEBII)

June 26 2000 10:13:37

318452 Bytes

File Name FACTORY-IMAGE

Configuration

24 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

System Software ROM Images

Viewing System Software ROM Images

The System Software ROM Images window shows a list of all images available on the

unit. An image is the embedded software stored in Flash ROM that the unit uses to

operate. The example lists only the Factory-Image, however, several images may be

available for use. As new images become available, Wi-LAN will place the images on

their web site and make them available for downloading by customers.

To view system software ROM images

From the Main Menu, select System Software ROM Images. The System Software

ROM Images window is displayed. The window is view only.

where

File Name The names of all system image ﬁles stored in the unit.

Revision The revision number of the system image ﬁle. Each time

the system image is modiﬁed, the revision number

increases by 1 unit. For example, the ﬁrst revision to the

ﬁle would make the revision number 0.0.1.

Date The date the image ﬁle was last revised.

Time The time the image ﬁle was last revised.

Size The size of the image ﬁle in bytes.

Default Image Indicates which image ﬁle is the default. This is the

image used at power up. See To set the default image,

page 62 to modify default image.

System Software ROM Images

File Name Revision Date Time Size Default Image

-------------------- -------- ----------- -------- ------ -------------

FACTORY-IMAGE 0.0.0 May 25 2000 10:13:37 306524 Current

More than one image may be listed here

Current System Status

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 25

Current System Status

Viewing Current System Status

The Current System Status window shows administration information such as the time a

unit has been running, and login statistics.

To view current system status

From the Main Menu, select System Current Status. The System Current Status

window is displayed. The window is view only.

where

Cumulative Run-Time The number of hours the system has been running

since it was manufactured. This information is

required for maintenance purposes.

Current Run-Time The time duration that has passed since the unit was

last reset or power cycled.

Successful Logins The number of times that the conﬁguration menus

have been successfully accessed.

Unsuccessful Logins The number of times that access to the conﬁguration

menus has failed.

Local User Logged In The access level of the user currently logged into the

conﬁguration menus via the RS-232.

Telnet User Logged

The access level of the user currently logged into the

conﬁguration menus via a telnet session.

FTP User Logged In The access level of the user currently logged into the

host FTP server.

System Current Status

Cumulative Run-Time Days: 0 Hours: 7

Current Run-Time Days: 0 00:38:38

Successful Logins 16

Unsuccessful Logins 1

Local User Logged In Supervisor

Telnet User Logged In None

FTP User Logged In None

Configuration

26 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

IP Network Conﬁguration

To remotely manage the Hopper Plus 120-24 units, you need to define the Internet IP

settings.

Setting the Internet IP Address and Subnet Mask

Each Hopper Plus 120-24 unit in a system must have a valid Internet IP address and

subnet mask for communication via TCP/IP.

To set the Internet IP address

1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration. The Network

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select New IP Address.

3. Type the unique Internet IP address for the unit.

4. Press the Enter key. The new Internet IP address appears in the New IP Address

(Reboot Reqd)field, but the old address remains in the upper field.

5. Reboot the unit, or power the unit down and up toeffect the changes.

Network Configuration

Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100

New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) -> 192.168.1.100

Internet IP Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0

Default Gateway IP Address 0.0.0.0

SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 0.0.0.0

IP Network Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 27

To set the Internet IP subnet mask

1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration. The Network

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Internet IP Subnet Mask.

3. Type the Internet IP subnet mask for the unit.

4. Press Enter. The Internet IP subnet mask appears in the field and is assigned to the

unit.

Setting the Default Gateway IP Address

You need to define the IP address of the system gateway. This address designates the main

entry point into the network, and is usually in the same subnet as the unit IP address.

To set the default gateway IP address

1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration. The Network

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Default Gateway IP Address.

3. Type the default gateway IP address for the unit.

4. Press Enter.

Network Configuration

Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100

New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) 192.168.1.100

Internet IP Subnet Mask -> 255.255.255.0

Default Gateway IP Address 0.0.0.0

SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 0.0.0.0

Network Configuration

Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100

New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) 192.168.1.100

Internet IP Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0

Default Gateway IP Address -> 0.0.0.0

SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 0.0.0.0

Configuration

28 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting the SNMP NMS Trap IP Address

The SNMP (System Network Management Protocol) NMS (Network Management

System) Trap IP address identifies the IP address of the network manager. This address

communicates all alarms or events to the network manager. The network manager can

define the types of traps, or alarms, that will be forwarded to the IP address.

To set the SNMP NMS trap IP address

1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration. The Network

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select SNMP NMS Trap IP Address.

3. Type the SNMP NMS Trap IP address for the unit.

4. Press Enter. The SNMP NMS Trap IP address appears in the entry field and is applied

to the unit.

Network Configuration

Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100

New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) 192.168.1.100

Internet IP Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0

Default Gateway IP Address 0.0.0.0

SNMP NMS Trap IP Address -> 0.0.0.0

IP Filter Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 29

IP Filter Conﬁguration

You can define IP address filters to control the data that is transmitted and received

through the Hopper Plus unit. The following table describes the IP filters.

Each IP address list is defined by a range and base value. The range defines how many

contiguous IP addresses are in the list, and the base sets the lowest address of the list.

The following is a list of addresses and their capabilities:

Filter Setting

IP packet off (disabled) All packets are passed.

on (enabled) Only IP and ARP packets are passed.

IP address off (disabled) All IP packets are passed.

on (enabled) Only packets whose IP addresses reside in at least

one of the IP ﬁlter lists are passed. There are ﬁve IP

ﬁlter lists: each can contain up to 255 IP addresses.

Addresses that pass only IP

packets and IP Addresses

192.168.2.10

192.168.2.11

192.168.2.12

192.168.2.13

194.120.3.51

194.120.3.52

194.120.3.254

194.120.3.255

194.120.4.0

194.120.4.1

Conﬁgure IP Filtering as:

IP Packet Filtering = on

IP Address Filtering = on

Filter 1 Range (0 - 255) = 4

Filter 1 Base Address = 192.168.2.10

Filter 2 Range (0 - 255) = 2

Filter 2 Base Address = 194.120.3.51

Filter 3 Range (0 - 255) = 4

Filter 3 Base Address =

194.120.3.254

Configuration

30 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

To enable IP packet ﬁltering

1. From the Main Menu, select IP Filter Configuration. The IF Filter

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select IP Packet Filtering.

3. Scroll to off or on. (Initially start with setting to off).

4. Press Enter.

To enable IP address ﬁltering

1. From the Main Menu, select IP Filter Configuration. The IF Filter

Configuration window is displayed.

IP Filter Configuration

IP Packet Filtering -> off

IP Address Filtering off

Filter 1 Range (0-255) 0

Filter 1 Base Address 0.0.0.0

Filter 2 Range (0-255) 0

Filter 2 Base Address 0.0.0.0

Filter 3 Range (0-255) 0

Filter 3 Base Address 0.0.0.0

Filter 4 Range (0-255) 0

Filter 4 Base Address 0.0.0.0

Filter 5 Range (0-255) 0

Filter 5 Base Address 0.0.0.0

IP Filter Configuration

IP Packet Filtering off

IP Address Filtering -> off

Filter 1 Range (0-255) 0

Filter 1 Base Address 0.0.0.0

Filter 2 Range (0-255) 0

Filter 2 Base Address 0.0.0.0

Filter 3 Range (0-255) 0

Filter 3 Base Address 0.0.0.0

Filter 4 Range (0-255) 0

Filter 4 Base Address 0.0.0.0

Filter 5 Range (0-255) 0

Filter 5 Base Address 0.0.0.0

IP Filter Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 31

2. Select IP Address Filtering.

3. Scroll to on.

4. Press Enter.

5. Select Filter 1 Range (0 - 255).

6. Type in the value (0 - 255).

7. Press Enter.

8. Select Filter 1 Base Address.

9. Type in the value.

10. Press Enter.

11. Repeat steps 5-10 for other filter lists.

Configuration

32 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

RF Station Conﬁguration

The RF Station Configuration menu contains test and optimization parameters for the

Hopper Plus 120-24 unit. You can change the test mode time, operating mode, RF transmit

status, and link monitor period. You can also change Base Station Only settings, and

Remote Station Only settings.

Setting Test Mode Time

Before you test the unit, you need to set the test mode timer. The test mode timer sets the

maximum time that the unit will remain in test mode. If the Hopper Plus is not returned to

the normal mode before time runs out, the unit will perform an automatic software reboot

and return to normal operating mode.

Note: The timer applies to tests initiated with the configuration menus and the mode

button, but the timer can only be configured via the menus

To set test mode timer

.1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Test Mode Timer Minutes.

3. Type the desired time value in minutes (1-1000).

4. Press Enter.

RF Station Configuration

Operating Mode Normal Mode

RF Transmit Status unblocked

Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0

Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) -> 5

Base Station Only Parameters

Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km

Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Throttle Enable off

Throttle Level (1-50) 1

RF Station Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 33

Setting the Operating Mode

The Hopper Plus starts up in Normal mode. Three modes are available for test purposes:

Receive, Transmit, and RSSI.

When testing a bridge, one unit is placed in Transmit mode and the other unit is placed in

Receive mode. The transmitting unit sends packets of known data to the receiving unit.

The receiving unit analyzes the data and can display llink statistics on a terminal, as

shown below.

Link Statistics

Receive Receives only. Processes expected packet data and displays

statistics on RS-232 monitor.

Transmit Transmits only. Sends known packet data to the receiver.

RSSI RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator). Unit receives

packets and displays fade margin data on Air LED.

- BER = 0.0E+00, MPC = 0, EnvP = 63, CorrP = 63

| BER = 0.0E+00, MPC = 0, EnvP = 63, CorrP = 63

Bit Error Rate Missed

Packet

Count

Alternating vertical and horizontal lines indicate that data is incoming.

Envelope Power Correlation Power

Sample

Current

Sample

where

BER Bit Error Rate

MPC Missed Packet Count

EnvP Envelope Power. The power of the received

signal inlcuding noise, measured in dB (0–63)

CorrP Correlation Power. The power of the received

signal, excluding noise, measured in dB (0–63)

Configuration

34 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

RSSI mode is used to measure the fade margin of a system. The receive unit is put into

RSSI mode and its AIR LED indicates the fade margin according to the following table:

To set the operating mode

1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Operating Mode.

3. Select the desired mode: Normal Mode, Transmit Mode, Receive Mode, or RSSI

Mode.

4. Press Enter.

Note: The operating mode can also be set with the MODE button on the back of the

Hopper Plus. See Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button, page 68 for more

information.

AIR LED Color Signal Strength

Green Reliable signal - greater than 15 dB fade margin

Orange Marginal signal - between 11 and 15 dB fade margin

Red Poor signal - less than 10 dB fade margin

Blank No signal at all

RF Station Configuration

Operating Mode -> Normal Mode

RF Transmit Status unblocked

Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0

Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 5

Base Station Only Parameters

Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km

Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Throttle Enable off

Throttle Level (1-50) 1

RF Station Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 35

Setting the RF Transmit Status

This setting blocks a unit from carrying traffic.

To set RF transmit status

1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select RF Transmit Status.

3. Select a setting.

4. Press Enter.

unblocked Transmits and receives. This is the default setting.

blocked Receives only

RF Station Configuration

Operating Mode Normal Mode

RF Transmit Status -> unblocked

Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0

Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 5

Base Station Only Parameters

Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km

Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Throttle Enable off

Throttle Level (1-50) 1

Configuration

36 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting the Link Monitor Period

The Link Monitor Period determines the amount of test data that is sent during a link

monitor test. The following table shows how much test data is sent during the link monitor

test.

To set Link Monitor Period

1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Link Monitor Period.

3. Type the time value in minutes (0=OFF, 1-1000)

4. Press Enter.

Monitor

Setting Test data (%) Message data (%) Notes

0 0 100 link monitor disabled

1 50 50 maximum test data

2 33.3 66.6

325 75

. . . . . . . . .

10000 0.01 99.99 minimum test data

RF Station Configuration

Operating Mode Normal Mode

RF Transmit Status unblocked

Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) ->10

Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 5

Base Station Only Parameters

Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km

Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Throttle Enable off

Throttle Level (1-50) 1

RF Station Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 37

Setting Maximum Remote Distance (Base Station Only)

The Maximum Remote Distance is used to optimize dynamic polling by compensating for

polling delay.

Important: In the base unit, the Maximum Remote Distance should always be set to the

distance between the base and the farthest remote.

To set the maximum remote distance

1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Maximum Remote Distance.

3. Scroll to select the distance of the furthest remote unit.

4. Press Enter.

RF Station Configuration

Operating Mode Normal Mode

RF Transmit Status unblocked

Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0

Test Mode Timer (1-1000)mins 5

Base Station Only Parameters

Maximum Remote Distance -> 5 Km

Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Throttle Enable off

Throttle Level (1-50) 1

Configuration

38 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting Link Monitor Remote Station Rank

(Base Station Only)

The Hopper Plus can test the RF link while it carries actual data. Link monitor sends test

data along with the message data (the amount of data sent is determined by the setting of

the Link Monitor Period). See Setting the Link Monitor Period, page 36.) The receiving

unit processes statistics and sends the test data and statistics back to the testing unit. The

testing unit then processes and displays statistics for both directions on the link monitor

display. (See Viewing Link Monitor Statistics, page 66 for information about viewing link

monitor statistics).

Note: It is possible to run the link monitor twice over one link by enabling it on the base

and the remote at the same time. This situation should be avoided as it causes needless

overhead.

You can run the link monitor from the base or any remote. When you run the link monitor

from the base station, you must enter the station rank of the remote whose link you wish to

test (rank represents the number of remotes that the base polls). When you run the link

monitor from a remote, the only link that can be tested is to the base, so the station rank is

not configured.

To set the link monitor rank from the base unit

1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Link Monitor Remote Station Rank.

3. Type the station rank of the remote to test.

RF Station Configuration

Operating Mode Normal Mode

RF Transmit Status unblocked

Link Monitor Period (0-OFF, 1-10000) 0

Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 5

Base Station Only Parameters

Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km

Link Monitor Remote Station Rank -> 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Throttle Enable off

Throttle Level (1-50) 1

RF Station Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 39

4. Press Enter. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed.

5. Select Link Monitor Period.

6. Type in the desired link monitor period (0=OFF, 1-10000).

7. Press Enter.

For information about viewing the statistics, see Viewing Link Monitor Statistics, page 66.

To set the link monitor rank from a remote unit

1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Link Monitor Period.

3. Type in the desired link monitor value (1-10000).

4. Press Enter.

For information about viewing the statistics, see Viewing Link Monitor Statistics, page 66.

RF Station Configuration

Operating Mode Normal Mode

RF Transmit Status unblocked

Link Monitor Period (0-OFF, 1-10000) -> 0

Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 5

Base Station Only Parameters

Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km

Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Throttle Enable off

Throttle Level (1-50) 1

RF Station Configuration

Operating Mode Normal Mode

RF Transmit Status unblocked

Link Monitor Period (0-OFF, 1-10000) -> 0

Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 5

Base Station Only Parameters

Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km

Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Throttle Enable off

Throttle Level (1-50) 1

Configuration

40 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting Throttling (Remote Station Only)

Throttling limits the amount of data that passes though a remote Hopper Plus 120-24 unit.

When throttling is enabled, the amount of data passed is equal to the throttling level times

128 kbps, to a maximum of 6.4 Mbps. Throttling applies to both the down link and up link

traffic, so a setting of 128 kbps means the unit can pass 128 kbps in each direction. When

throttling is disabled, the unit allows up to the maximum available bandwidth. The default

setting is to disable throttling.

To enable throttling

1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Throttle Enable.

3. Scroll to select on.

4. Press Enter.

RF Station Configuration

Operating Mode Normal Mode

RF Transmit Status unblocked

Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0

Test Mode Timer (1-1000)mins 5

Base Station Only Parameters

Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km

Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Throttle Enable -> off

Throttle Level (1-50) 1

Radio Module Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 41

Radio Module Conﬁguration

Changing the configuration settings of a Hopper Plus while it operates in a system could

disrupt service. To prevent disruptions when the configuration is being changed, the

Hopper Plus stores configuration information in three different states:

To change the current conﬁguration of the radio module

1. Set the Config Test Minutes. See Setting Config Test Minutes, page 48.

2. Make new configuration changes with the Radio Module Configuration menu. These

changes are stored in the New state, but the radio uses the Current state configuration

until it is rebooted with new configuration.

3. Reboot the unit following the steps in Rebooting and Saving RF Configurations, page

53. The unit runs the new configuration, and the old configuration is retained in

FLASH.

4. If the new configuration works as intended, then the changes can be saved to FLASH.

See To save current configuration to FLASH, page 54.

If the new configuration disrupts communications, then the configuration stored in

FLASH is restored after a timeout has elapsed. The unit can be re-configured and

tested until the unit works as intended.

New The intended conﬁguration changes. Temporary.

Current The conﬁguration actually running on the unit. Temporary.

Flash The conﬁguration that was stored last in FLASH memory.

Final conﬁguration is saved to FLASH memory.

Configuration

42 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting the Station Type

Each Hopper Plus 120-24 unit must be defined as a base or a remote unit. In any given

system there is only one base unit, but there can be numerous remote units.

To set the station type

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio

Module Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Station Type.

3. Scroll to select the desired station type (base unit or remote unit).

4. Press Enter.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Radio Module Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 43

Setting the Station Rank

For a base station, rank is the number of remotes that the base polls (regardless of the

actual number of remotes in the system). The base station rank should equal the number of

remotes so the base does not waste time polling nonexistent remotes.

For a remote unit, rank is a unique number that identifies the remote to the base station.

The base station polls remote units sequentially from rank 1 to the base unit s station rank,

then repeats the process.

To set the station rank

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Conﬁguration. The Radio Module

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Station Rank (1-1000).

3. Type the rank number of the station.

4. Press Enter.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) -> 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Configuration

44 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting the Center Frequency

The center frequency defines the channel the unit uses to transmit and receive RF energy.

To ensure communication between units, all units in a system must have the same center

frequency value.

To set the center frequency

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio

Module Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Center Frequency.

3. Scroll to select the RF center frequency to apply to all units in the network.

4. Press Enter. The center frequency is stored in the New state.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency -> 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Radio Module Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 45

Setting Security Passwords

Up to five different passwords can be set for a unit. Only Security Password 1 is required,

the other passwords are optional. The higher the number passwords that are used, the

higher the level of security for the unit. The set of passwords on the remote unit must

match the set of passwords on the base unit. All passwords are exchanged between units,

even when l password are not used. Passwords can be set and modified directly with the

Radio Module Configuration menu.

Note: All units in the same network must have this setting set to the same value.

To set security passwords

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio

Module Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Security Password 1.

3. Enter a password in Hex code.

4. Press Enter. The password is stored in the New state.

Note: Security Passwords 2 to 5 are optional.

5. If you want to use more than one password, select Security Password n.

6. Enter a password in Hex code.

7. Select Reboot New RF configuration.

8. Press Enter. The passwords are put into effect.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency -> 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

All units in the

same network

must have these

conﬁgurations

set the same.

Configuration

46 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting the Scrambling Code

The scrambling code is used to scramble messages so only units with the correct

scrambling code will be able to read messages. The scrambling code can be 0-32 bits long.

Note: All units in the same network must have this setting set to the same value.

To set scrambling codes

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio

Module Configuration window appears.

2. Select Scrambling Code.

3. Type the code.

4. Press Enter.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) -> 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Radio Module Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 47

Setting the Acquisition Code

The acquisition code ensures that the receiver does not process any signals not intended

for that receiver. The receiver processes only signals with the correct acquisition code.

Note: All units in the same network must have this setting set to the same value.

To set the acquisition code

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio

Module Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Acquisition Code.

3. Type the Acquisition code (0-15).

4. Press Enter.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) -> 0 0 0

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Configuration

48 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting Conﬁg Test Minutes

Since there is a chance that RF configuration changes will disrupt communications, each

unit returns to its pre-configuration state after a timeout (unless the changes are saved to

FLASH before the timeout). This timeout is set with the Config Test Minutes parameter,

which can be set from 1 to 120 minutes.

When testing, the configuration test timeout value should be set before any other radio

module changes are made, so that the correct value is used if other changes cause the unit

to lock up. If you set the timeout too low, then you may not have time to save the changes

to FLASH. If you set it too high, then you will have to wait a long time for the unit to

reboot after a change that disrupts service.

Note: All units in the same network must have this setting set to the same value.

To set the test timeout

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio

Module Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Config Test Minutes.

3. Type the test minutes value (1-120).

4. Press Enter.

5. Select Reboot New RF configuration.

6. Press Enter. The unit reboots with the temporary test timeout period in effect.

7. To move the setting to FLASH see Rebooting and Saving RF Configurations, page 53.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 0 0 0

Config Test Minutes (1-120) -> 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Radio Module Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 49

Setting Repeater Mode (Base Station Only)

When a base unit has repeater mode enabled, it re-transmits messages to all remotes in the

same RF group. When repeater mode is disabled, remote-to-remote traffic is allowed if

radio communication is possible and remotes are in the same non-zero RF group.

To set the repeater mode

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Conﬁguration. The Radio Module

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Repeater Mode.

3. In the Repeater Mode entry field, scroll to select the desired setting based on the

following table.

4. Press Enter.

off Base unit does not re-transmit messages. This is the default

setting.

on Base unit re-transmits messages received from one remote to

other remotes in the same RF group.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 0 0 0

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode -> off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Configuration

50 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting System Symmetry Type (Base Station Only)

System symmetry type defines the amount of priority the base unit has when polling the

remotes. The default setting "asymmetric" gives the base unit a time slot after each remote

is polled—an asymmetric system is appropriate when the base is the access point to a large

network.The "symmetric" setting limits the base unit to one time slot for every polling

cycle; a symmetric system is more efficient when the base has data passing requirements

that are similar to the remotes.

To set system symmetry type

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio

Module Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select System Symmetry Type.

3. Scroll to the desired setting as follows.

4. Press Enter.

asymmetric Base unit higher priority than remotes: the base unit has

one time slot after every remote time slot. This is the default

setting.

symmetric Base unit the same priority as every remote: the base unit

has one time slot for every polling cycle.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 0 0 0

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type -> Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Radio Module Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 51

Setting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only)

The Hopper Plus uses dynamic polling to reduce overhead caused by idle remote units.

Every remote unit is polled by the base, and idle units are ignored for the number of

polling rounds entered in the Dynamic Polling Level field.

Dynamic Polling is most effective in very large systems, where polling delay can become

significant.

Important: Polling level is set only for the base unit.

To set the dynamic polling level

1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration. The RF Station

Configuration window is displayed..

1. Select Dynamic Polling Level.

2. Type the desired polling level (1-60).

3. Press Enter.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 0 0 0

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type -> Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Configuration

52 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting Remote Unit RF Group

Remote unit RF group controls how remote units communicate with each other. Only

remote units in the same non-zero RF group can communicate directly with each other. A

remote with a zero RF group can only communicate with the base unit.

To set remote unit RF group

1. From the Main Menu, select RF Module Configuration. The Radio Module

Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Remote Unit RF Group.

3. In the Remote Unit RF Group entry field, type the RF group number, using the

following table as a guide.

4. Press Enter.

RF Group Remote Characteristics

0Closed: remote will only transmit to and receive from the base unit.

1-63 Open: remote will transmit to and receive from the base and all

remotes with the same RF group number.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) -> 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Radio Module Configuration

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 53

Rebooting and Saving RF Conﬁgurations

A reboot is required for temporary changes to the RF configuration to take effect. If the

changes are valid, they can be saved "permanently" in the FLASH memory. If the changes

are not valid, then the old configuration is restored after a programmable time-out.

To reboot new RF conﬁguration

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio

Module Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Reboot New RF Configuration.

3. Press Enter. The Hopper Plus 120-24 reboots with the new temporary RF

configuration. The old configuration is remains stored in FLASH memory. If the RF

configuration is valid and the unit operates as intended, you can login again, access

the Main Menu, Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to

Flash to save changes to FLASH memory.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration -> Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute

Configuration

54 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

To save current conﬁguration to FLASH

1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration. The Radio

Module Configuration window is displayed.

2. Select Save Current Config to Flash.

3. Press Enter. The current configuration is saved to FLASH. No reboot is required.

Radio Module Configuration

New Current Flash

Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote Unit

Station Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1

Center Frequency 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz 2.4400 GHz

Security Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1

Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10

Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100

Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000

Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000

Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0

Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1

Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30

Base Station Only Parameters

Repeater Mode off off off

System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Asymmetric

Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1

Remote Station Only Parameters

Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0

Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to Execute

Save Current Config to Flash -> Press Enter to Execute

RF/Ethernet Statistics

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 55

RF/Ethernet Statistics

Ethernet and RF statistics can be viewed for troubleshooting and monitoring link

performance. Ethernet and RF statistics are cumulative and increment until reset. The

window is view only. See Resetting the RF/Ethernet Statistics, page 64 for information

about resetting RF/Ethernet statistics.

Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics

To view RF and Ethernet statistics

1. From the Main Menu, select RF/Ethernet Statistics. The RF/Ethernet

Statistics window is displayed.

RF/Ethernet Statistics

Ethernet Receive Statistics Ethernet Transmit Statistics

Total Packets Received 0 Total Packets Transmitted 0

Packets For Local Host 0 Packets From Local Host 0

Receive Errors 0 Packets Dropped 0

Packets Dropped 0

Packets Discarded 0

RF Receive Statistics RF Transmit Statistics

Total Packets Received 0 Total Packets Transmitted 0

Packets For Local Host 0 Frames From Local Host 0

Packets Dropped 0 Packets Dropped 0

Packets Discarded 0

RF Super Frame Rx Statistics RF Super Frame Tx Statistics

Super Frames Received 0 Super Frames Transmitted 0

Receive Overrun Errors 0

Frame Control Word Errors 0

Header Checksum Errors 0 Throughput Statistics

Packet Control Word Errors 0 Ethernet-to-RF Throughput 0

Super Frame Length Errors 0 RF-to-Ethernet Throughput 0

Configuration

56 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

where

Ethernet Receive

Total Packets

Received

The number of Ethernet packets from the 10/100

Base-T connection.

Packets For Local

Host

The number of Ethernet packets received from the

10/100 Base-T connection which were destined for

the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit’s TCP/IP stack.

Receive Errors The number of Ethernet packets received with

errors, for example, runt (smaller than 64 bytes),

jabber (larger than 1518 bytes), or overﬂow error.

Packets Dropped The number of Ethernet packets dropped because

the wireless link is at capacity.

Packets Discarded The number of Ethernet packets discarded as the

result of ﬁltering.

RF Receive

Total Packets

Received

The number of Ethernet packets received over RF.

Packets For Local

Host

The number of Ethernet packets received over RF

and destined for the local host.

Packets Dropped The number of Ethernet packets dropped because

the wireless link is at capacity.

Packets Discarded The number of Ethernet packets discarded as the

result of ﬁltering.

RF Super Frame Rx

Super Frames

Received

The number of super frames received.

Receive Overrun

Errors

The number of errors caused by receive buffer

overrun.

Frame Control Word

Errors

The number of errors caused by frame control word

problems.

Header Checksum

Word Errors

The number of errors caused by receiving an

invalid header checksum.

Packet Control

Word Errors

The number of errors caused by packet control

word problems.

Super Frame Length

Errors

The number of errors caused by receiving an

invalid super frame length.

RF/Ethernet Statistics

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 57

Ethernet Transmit

Total Packets

Transmitted

The number of Ethernet packets transmitted onto

the 10/100 Base-T connection.

Packets From Local

Host

The number of Ethernet packets transmitted onto

the 10/100 Base-T connection which originated

from the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit’s TCP/IP stack.

Packets Dropped The number of Ethernet packets not transmitted

due to some error, for example, unable to transmit

within 15 retries, or underﬂow error.

RF Transmit

Total Packets

Transmitted

The number of Ethernet packets transmitted over

RF.

Frames From Local

Host

The number of Ethernet packets transmitted to RF

from the local host.

Packets Dropped The number of packets dropped because of RF

problems.

RF S. F. Tx

Super Frames

Transmitted

The number of super frames transmitted.

Throughput

Ethernet-to-RF

Throughput

Current data rate measured from wire to air,

resolution = 1 second.

RF-to-Ethernet

Throughput

Current data rate measured from air to wire,

resolution = 1 second.

where

Configuration

58 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

System Security

You can control access to the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit with the System Security menu.

Setting Community Names

Community names are used to control SNMP access to the Hopper Plus. Community

Name 1 has read only access, and Community Name 2 has read and write access. Any

SNMP manager can access and configure any Hopper Plus unit on the network as long as

the unit has the correct community names and Ethernet access is enabled (see Setting

Remote Access, page 60).

Warning: Default community names are presented in all Installation and Configuration

guides distributed by Wi-LAN. It is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that

default community names are changed to unique names at installation. Record all

community name changes.

To set community names

1. From the Main Menu, select System Security. The System Security window is

displayed.

2. Select SNMP Community Name 1.

3. Type in new name.

4. Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field.

5. Select SNMP Community Name 2.

6. Type in new name.

7. Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field.

Community name Privileges Default value

SNMP Community Name 1 Read public

SNMP Community Name 2 Read and Write netman

System Security

SNMP Community Name 1 -> public

SNMP Community Name 2 netman

Change User Password Press Enter to change password

Confirm User Password Press Enter to confirm password

Change Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password

Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to confirm password

Ethernet Access to Local Host on

Wireless Access to Local Host on

Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10

System Security

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 59

Setting Login Passwords

You can control access to the configuration menus by setting passwords for the user and

supervisor logins. The user login has read-only access, while the supervisor login can

modify configuration settings. The default passwords match the login names.

Warning: Default passwords are listed in all Installation and Configuration guides

distributed by Wi-LAN. It is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that default

passwords are changed to unique passwords during installation. Record all password

changes.

Note: When you restore factory configurations, the login passwords revert to the defaults.

To set user password

1. From the Main Menu, select System Security. The System Security window is

displayed.

2. Select Change User Password.

3. Type the new password.

4. Press Enter.

5. Select Confirm User Password entry field.

6. Re-type the password from step 3.

7. Press Enter. The change is saved when appears beside the confirmation

field.

To set supervisor password

1. From the Main Menu, select System Security. The System Security window

appears (see above).

2. Select Change Supervisor Password.

3. Type the new password.

4. Press Enter.

5. Select Confirm Supervisor Password entry field.

6. Re-type the password from step 3.

System Security

SNMP Community Name 1 public

SNMP Community Name 2 netman

Change User Password -> Press Enter to change password

Confirm User Password Press Enter to confirm password

Change Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password

Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to confirm password

Ethernet Access to Local Host on

Wireless Access to Local Host on

Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10

Success

Configuration

60 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

7. Press Enter. The change is saved when appears beside the confirmation

field.

Setting Remote Access

The Hopper Plus can be accessed and configured via the Ethernet and over the RF link.

The default setting is to allow both forms of remote access, but they can be disabled if

required (as a security measure, for example).

To set Ethernet and wireless access

1. From the Main Menu, select System Security. The System Security window is

displayed.

2. Select Ethernet Access to Local Host.

3. In the Ethernet Access to Local Host field, select the desired setting.

4. Press Enter.

5. Select Wireless Access to Local Host.

6. Select the desired setting.

7. Press Enter.

on Enable access to the unit via the Ethernet.

off Disable access to the unit via the Ethernet.

on Enable access to the unit via the air.

off Disable access to the unit via the air.

Success

System Security

SNMP Community Name 1 public

SNMP Community Name 2 netman

Change User Password Press Enter to change password

Confirm User Password Press Enter to confirm password

Change Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password

Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to confirm password

Ethernet Access to Local Host -> on

Wireless Access to Local Host on

Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10

System Security

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 61

Setting the Automatic Timeout

You can specify the maximum time the system can remain idle before the configuration

menus close and the Login menu reappears. This ensures that the configuration menus

close if a user forgets to exit.

Note: When the menus automatically timeout, the system appears frozen. Press Enter

to view the Login window, where you can login to the menus.

To set the automatic timeout period

1. From the Main Menu, select System Security. The System Security window is

displayed.

2. Select Auto Logout Minutes.

3. Type the maximum idle time period in minutes that can pass before the configuration

menus close.

4. Press Enter. The new value appears in the entry field.

System Security

SNMP Community Name 1 public

SNMP Community Name 2 netman

Change User Password Press Enter to change password

Confirm User Password Press Enter to confirm password

Change Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password

Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to confirm password

Ethernet Access to Local Host on

Wireless Access to Local Host on

Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) -> 10

Configuration

62 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

System Commands

System image files contain the software that runs the unit. When you first power up the

Hopper Plus unit, it runs from the factory-image. With the System Commands menu you

can choose the image file that a unit uses to power up, and the image file that a unit uses to

reboot.

Note: As new images are developed, Wi-LAN plans to place the images on their web site

so that you can download them to the unit.

Setting Default System Image

The default image is the image file used at power up. If you have more than one image

saved on a unit, you can choose the default power up file.

To set the default image

1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands window

is displayed.

2. Select Default System Image.

3. Scroll to select the image to use as the default.

4. Press Enter. The new image file appears in the field. This image will be used each

time the Hopper Plus is powered up.

System Commands

Default System Image -> FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute

Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute

Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute

Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to Execute

System Commands

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 63

Setting the Reboot System Image

To set the reboot image

1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands window

is displayed.

2. Select Reboot a System Image.

3. Scroll to select the image to use when rebooting.

4. Press Enter. The new image file appears in the field. This image will be used when the

Hopper Plus is rebooted.

Rebooting the Current Image

The Reboot Current Image command must be used when the IP address is changed. See

Setting the Internet IP Address and Subnet Mask, page 26.

To reboot the current image

1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands window

is displayed.

2. Select Reboot Current Image.

3. Press Enter. The Hopper Plus reboots using the current image.

You must log in again to make further changes.

System Commands

Default System Image FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot a System Image -> FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute

Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute

Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute

Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to Execute

System Commands

Default System Image FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot Current Image -> Press Enter to Execute

Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute

Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute

Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to Execute

Configuration

64 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Restoring Conﬁgurations

After making configuration changes you can return the unit to its original state by

restoring factory configuration settings. This command can be used put the unit into a

known state to aid troubleshooting, or to ensure that company configurations are removed

when decommissioning the unit.

To restore the factory conﬁguration

1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands window

is displayed.

2. Select Restore Factory Configuration and Reboot.

3. Press Enter. The factory configuration settings are restored.

Warning: When you restore factory configurations, the login passwords are

automatically set to default values.

You must log in again to make further changes.

Resetting the RF/Ethernet Statistics

The statistics displayed in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are cumulative, but can be

reset to track events and for troubleshooting. For example, a suspected RF problem can be

diagnosed by resetting the radio statistics and simulating the situation suspected of

causing the problem.

System Commands

Default System Image FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute

Restore Factory Config and Reboot -> Press Enter to Execute

Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute

Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to Execute

System Commands

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 65

To reset radio statistics

1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands.The System Commands window

is displayed.

2. Select Reset Radio Statistics.

3. Press Enter. The radio statistics in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are reset to 0

when appears beside the enter field.

See Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics, page 55.

To reset Ethernet statistics

1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands window

is displayed.

2. Select Reset Ethernet Statistics.

3. Press Enter. The Ethernet statistics in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are reset to 0

when appears beside the enter field.

See Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics, page 55.

System Commands

Default System Image FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute

Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute

Reset Radio Statistics -> Press Enter to Execute

Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to Execute

Success

System Commands

Default System Image FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE

Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute

Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute

Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute

Reset Ethernet Statistics -> Press Enter to Execute

Success

Configuration

66 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Link Monitor Display

Viewing Link Monitor Statistics

Link performance statistics such as power and bit error rate can be viewed while the link

monitor is running. Statistics are only available on the unit running the link monitor. The

window is view only.

To view link monitor statistics

1. From the Main Menu, select Link Monitor Display. The RF Background Link

Monitor Statistics window is displayed.

where

Link Monitor Rank When viewed on the base unit, the rank of the

remote unit whose link is being tested. When

viewed on the remote unit, this ﬁeld is zero.

Base to Remote BER The bit error rate from the base to the remote.

Displays “N/A” when the link monitor is not

running.

Remote to Base BER The bit error rate from the remote to the base.

Displays “N/A” when the link monitor is not

running.

Missed Packet Count The number of missed packets.

Base to Remote Env

Power

Envelope power received at the remote.

Base to Remote Corr

Power

Correlation power received at the remote.

Remote to Base Env

Power

Envelope power received at the base.

Remote to Base Corr

Power

Correlation power received at the base.

RF Background Link Monitor Statistics

Link Monitor Rank 0

Base to Remote BER N/A

Remote to Base BER N/A

Missed Packet Count 0

Base to Remote Env Power 0

Base to Remote Corr Power 0

Remote to Base Env Power 0

Remote to Base Corr Power 0

Logout

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 67

Logout

Logging Out

To log out of the Main Menu

1. From the Main Menu, select Logout.

2. Press Enter.

3. Power down the computer.

1. Press the Esc key on the keyboard until you reach the wilan command line.

2. At the prompt, type logout.

3. Press Enter.

Enter ESC to return to Main Menu

wilan> logout

Configuration

68 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button

The operating mode of a unit is usually set with the RF Station Configuration menu (see

Setting the Operating Mode, page 33). However, operating mode can also be set using the

MODE button located on the back panel of the Hopper Plus 120-24. No tools or

equipment are required to use this method, however, a good understanding of the

operating modes and LEDs is required.

The Hopper Plus starts up in Normal operating mode with the MODE LED off.. Three test

modes are available.

You can change the operating mode by pressing the MODE button, as explained below.

Using the MODE Button

To change the operating mode

1. Press the MODE button once and release it quickly. The unit goes into Transmit

mode.

2. Press the MODE button once and the unit goes into Receive mode.

3. Press the MODE button once and the unit goes into RSSI mode.

4. Press the MODE button once and the unit returns to Transmit mode.

5. To return to Normal mode, press the MODE button and hold it down for at least two

seconds. The AIR LED and MODE LED flash orange when the button has been held

long enough.

Note: If you do not manually return the unit to normal mode, the unit automatically

reboots and returns to normal mode when end of the test time period time is reached. The

test time period cannot be set with the mode button—you must use the Main Menu to set

the test mode timer (see Setting Config Test Minutes, page 48).

Mode Function MODE LED

Transmit Transmit only. Sends known packet data to the

receiver.

Red

Receive Receive only. Processes received packet data and

displays statistics on RS-232 monitor.

Green

RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator. Unit receives

packets and displays fade margin data on AIR LED.

Orange

Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 69

MODE Button Operation

See Setting the Operating Mode, page 33 for more information about operating modes.

Configuration

70 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Command Line Interface

The Hopper Plus 120-24 has a command line interface you can use to perform basic

commands. The commands are a quick way to perform basic tasks while you remain

logged into the configuration menus.

Using Basic Commands

While you are logged into the configuration menus, you can press the Esc key until you

exit out of the menus to the command line prompt. The wilan> command line prompt

appears.

You can execute all of the Hopper Plus 120-24 commands from this prompt.

The following are some of the commands you can execute at the prompt.

You can contact Wi-LAN customer support for additional information about the command

line interface.

Command Action Example

help show the following command

summary list:

menu cls dir del ping

logout exit quit

wilan>help menu

menu return to the conﬁguration menus wilan>menu

cls clear the terminal screen wilan>cls

dir show a ﬁle directory wilan>dir

del delete a ﬁle wilan>del sample.txt

ping ping a remote IP address wilan>ping 198.168.200.5

logout log out of the command line

interface

terminate a remote telnet session

wilan>logout

exit log out of the command line

interface

terminate a remote telnet session

wilan>exit

quit log out of the command line

interface

terminate a remote telnet session

wilan>quit

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 71

Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link

To ensure an effective and reliable wireless link, you need to perform some preliminary

network planning before you install any hardware.

These steps include:

¥ determining the physical layout of your planned link

¥ planning your antenna and fade margin requirements

¥ configuring your RF link.

Planning the Physical Layout

Before you install the units, you must determine the physical locations for each

component of the Hopper Plus 120-24 wireless system.

When you plan the physical layout, you need to:

¥ measure the physical distance between each pair of units using GPS, a map, or other

distance measurement method

¥ determine antenna mast height requirements and fade margins

¥ determine cable requirements, including routing, between antenna and unit

¥ calculate the fade margin to determine the reliability of your wireless link

¥ determine environmental requirements

Measuring the Physical Distance Between Units

Use a mapping method to determine the distance between sites, and check the radio path

to identify any obstructions in the site path between the two antennas. Due to the high

frequency and low output power permitted in the ISM bands, no obstructions may exist

between two antennas.

Determining Antenna Requirements

If you plan to install the unit indoors, the rubber duck antenna shipped with the unit may

be adequate. The signal from this antenna can penetrate several walls, although metal

obstructions or building features such as elevator shafts can deflect or inhibit radio waves.

Empirical testing is advised in this case because all interiors are unique.

If you plan to install the antennas outdoors you will need to consider

¥ obtaining permission from building owners if you intend to install your antenna on a

rooftop

¥ the height of the antenna required to ensure a radio Line of Sight between two

antennas that define the RF link

Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link

72 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

¥ potential wind load and ice loading impact on the antenna

¥ regulatory restrictions, such as height, on antenna mast usage in the identified location

¥ grounding requirements. You must ensure that your antenna is properly grounded for

lightning and installed according to the relevant electrical code for the location.

Determining Cable Requirements

If you are installing the antenna in an outdoor location, you will require 50 ohm coaxial

cable to connect the unit to the antenna. You should minimize the length of the coaxial

cable because the longer the cable is, the greater the cable losses are. You need to know

the required cable lengths before you install the unit.

Note: You should use surge suppressors at the point of cable entry into the building.

Calculating Fade Margins

You can calculate the fade margin of your wireless link after you ve identified the antenna

requirements. The fade margin enables you to predict the reliability of your wireless link.

See Calculating Path Loss on page 78 for more information about fade margins.

Determining Environmental Requirements

Hopper Plus 120-24 units must be located in a weatherproof environment with an ambient

temperature between 0… and 40… Celsius, and humidity from 0 to 95% non-condensing.

Consider the building, heating, and air conditioning required to ensure that the unit

operates within these conditions.

Optimizing the RF Link

Overview

This section explains how to obtain optimal performance from your RF link. Proper path

planning ensures that each end of the RF link receives sufficient signal power to maintain

a desired Bit Error Rate (BER). The effectiveness and reliability of your RF link depends

on the following:

¥ antenna gain, beamwidth, F/B ratio, and cross-polarization discrimination

¥ distance between antennas and obstructions in the RF path

¥ above-ground height of the antennas

¥ length and type of coaxial cable connecting the Hopper Plus 120-24 and the antenna

The above factors will be used to calculate your link budget. The calculation indicates if

your radio link is feasible over a given distance and path and if your RF link meets

regulatory requirements. Link budgets are typically expressed in decibels (dB).

Optimizing the RF Link

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 73

The following dB terms are used in this section:

The following variables are used to calculate the link budget:

Term Description

dB Decibel. A relative measure of power used to specify power

gains and losses. The difference in power P1 and P2

expressed in dB is:

dBd The gain or loss of an antenna reference to a standard dipole.

Gain of a Standard Dipole (dBd) = 2.14 dBi.

dBi The gain or loss of an antenna referenced to an isotropic

(theoretical point source) radiator. This measure is used with

only antennas, as it quantiﬁes gain or loss of a physical

radiator with respect to a theoretical one.

dBm A power measurement referenced to one milliwatt. This is an

absolute measure of power rather than a relative measure

such as a gain or a loss.

Variable Description

System Gain The maximum path loss that the system can support

for usable data transmission.

EIRP (Effective Isotropically

Radiated Power)

The power radiating from an antenna taking into

account the output power from the transmitter,

connector losses, cable losses, and the antenna

gain.

Receiver Sensitivity The minimum signal strength required for usable

performance. Expressed in dBm.

Antenna Gain Gain of the antenna over a dipole (dBd) or

theoretical (dBi).

Propagation Loss The signal loss experienced as it travels through the

air. Expressed in dB.

Cable Loss The signal loss experienced as it passes through the

coaxial cable. Expressed in dB.

Path Loss The total loss from one end of the path to the other.

This includes propagation losses, cable losses, and

any other losses that impact the system

performance.

dB 10 P1

-------





log×=

Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link

74 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Working with System Gain

The system gain of a radio system is the difference between the transmitted power and a

receiver s sensitivity threshold. The system gain of the Hopper Plus 120-24 is:

Formula: System Gain = Transmission Power - Receiver Sensitivity @ 10-6 BER

Variables: Hopper Plus 120-24

Tx Power = 18.5 dBm

Receiver Sensitivity = - 83 dBm (receiver sensitivity @ 10-6 BER)

Calculation: Hopper Plus 120-24

18.5 dBm - (-83) dBm = - 101.5 dB

More info: To ensure reliable communications, the system gain plus all antenna

gains must be greater than the sum of all losses. For a reliable link,

Wi-LAN recommends that the system gain plus all antenna gains be

greater than the sum of all losses by a factor of 15 dB. This factor is

known as the fade margin.

Optimizing the RF Link

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 75

Calculating EIRP (Effective Isotropically Radiated Power)

EIRP is the power radiating from an antenna, taking into account the output power from

the transmitter, the connector and cable losses, and the antenna gain. Unlike the Tx output

power of the devices, EIRP is subject to both antenna gain and cable losses. Many antennas provide a

directional gain, which can increase the effective radiated power. Losses such as cable

losses subtract from this amount. You calculate the EIRP as follows:

Formula: EIRP = Tx Power (dBm) - Cable Losses (dB) - Connector Losses

(dB) + Antenna Gain (dBi)

Note: The FCC regulatory body has set the EIRP limit to +36 dBm for

point-to-multipoint applications per FCC 15.247(b)(3)(i).

For point-to-point applications, the FCC EIRP can be 3 dB higher

than +36 dBm for every 1 dB less Tx power below 30 dBm.

Industry Canada speciﬁes the EIRP limit to ≤+36 dBm as per

RSS-210, 6.2.2(p).

In accordance with ETS 300-328 for 2.4 GHz RLANs, the maximum

EIRP shall not exceed +20 dBm, with a maximum SPD (Spectral

Power Density) not exceeding +10 dBm/MHz. Conﬁrmation is

required with the relevant European national radio communications

local authority for deviations from this speciﬁcation.

Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link

76 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Optimizing Antenna Gain

To ensure the best range and interference suppression, the external antenna should be

directional, focusing the radio energy in one direction (toward the other end of the link). A

directional antenna focuses the RF energy to the intended station rather than

omni-directionally. This reduces interference from other systems operating at the same

frequency.

Note: In some situations, you may want to use an omni-directional antenna in your

system design. For example, you would use an omni-directional antenna for a base station

with remote sites situated in a 360… path around it.

When you select an antenna, pay particular attention to the gain specification. When you

select an antenna for a remote station, select an antenna with a gain that provides at least

15 dB fade margin.

Antenna gain is specified in either dBi or dBd. When an antenna is specified in dBd, add

2.14 dB to the value to convert it to dBi.

Calculating Propagation Loss

The propagation loss is the attenuation (reduction) in RF signal energy as it travels

through space. In most wireless systems, losses through space are the major contributor to

signal attenuation. When you know the intended installation locations of the base and

remote stations, determine the physical line of sight distance and then calculate the RF

attenuation as follows:

Working with the Fresnel Zone

It is essential that you locate your antennas at maximum above-ground height to ensure

that

1. all ground-based obstructions are cleared from the Line of Sight path

2. the Fresnel Zone is clear of obstructions

Formula: Attenuation (dB) for 2.4 GHz band = 100 dB + 20log(dkm)

where:

dkm = Distance in Kilometers

100 dB = Pathloss Constant in the 2.4 GHz band

Optimizing the RF Link

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 77

The Fresnel Zone is the expansion of the RF signal radio angles in the vertical plane near

the middle of the RF path. Following diagram shows a Fresnel Zone:

For the 2.4 GHz band, the approximate Fresnel Radius calculated as follows:

Calculating Cable Loss

Cable and connector losses affect the operation of the wireless link and therfore should be

kept to a minimum. The two primary coaxial cable specifications for the Hopper Plus 120-

24 are:

¥ cable must be 50 ohms nominal impedance

¥ cable must be of a low loss type

Generally, cable losses are specified in dB/foot or dB/meter. Following is an example of

cable loss ratings:

Note: When you calculate path loss, you should add 1dB at each end of the link to

compensate for connector losses in addition to the cable loss value.

Formula: Fresnel Radius (meters) =

Cable Type (loss in dB/meter)

Frequency LMR400 LMR600 LDF2-50 LDF4-50A LDF5-50A LDF6-50

2.4 GHz 0.22 0.144 0.190 0.128 0.073 0.053

First Fresnel Zone

Line of Sight

Fresnel Radius

Ground

The maximum

Fresnel Radius

indicates that this

path must be kept

clear of

obstructions.

Fresnel Zone

3.4 dkm

dkm

8.12

----------





Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link

78 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Calculating Path Loss

Path loss describes the total RF attenuation throughout the system from Tx antenna to Rx

antenna. This includes the losses as the RF signal travels through space plus Tx and Rx

cable loss, and Tx and Rx connector loss. Use the following formula to calculate path loss:

Once you know the path loss, you can compare the value to the system gain value. If the

system gain value is greater than the path loss, the link is feasible. See Working with

System Gain on page 74 for more information about system gain.

Working with the Fade Margin

Total antenna gain

is:

Tx Antenna Gain +

Rx Antenna Gain

The amount by which the system gain plus the total antenna gain exceeds the path loss is

called the fade margin. As calculated, the fade margin is the number of dB that the

received signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity. You require some level

of fade margin for any wireless system. The fade margin compensates for RF path fading

due to weather conditions or objects that induce multipath interference.

The Wi-LAN recommended fade margin for the Hopper Plus 120-24 is a minimum of

15 dB. The sum of the cable losses, connector losses, propagation losses, and the 15 dB

required fade margin should be less than the sum of the system gain and antenna gain.

Formula: Path Loss = Tx and Rx Cable Loss + Tx and Rx Connector Loss +

Propagation Loss

Link Budget Example

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 79

Link Budget Example

The values for cable

and connector

losses in this

example are only for

illustration. You will

need to work these

out for your speciﬁc

installations.

Putting everything together, you must satisfy the following equations to have a successful

link:

Formulas: System Gain + Antenna Gain ≥ Propagation Loss + Desired Fade

Margin + Cable Losses + Connector Losses

Actual Fade Margin ≥ System Gain + Antenna Gain - Propagation

Loss - Cable Losses - Connector Losses

and

Actual Fade Margin ≥ Desired Fade Margin

where:

System Gain = Tx Power - Rx Sensitivity

Antenna Gains = Tx Antenna Gain + Rx Antenna Gain

Cable Losses = Base Cable Losses + Remote Cable Losses

Connector Losses = Base System Connector Losses + Remote

System Connector Losses

Variables: Desired Fade Margin = 15 dB

Tx Power = 18.5 dBm

Rx Sensitivity = -83 dBm

Tx Antenna Gain = 11 dBi

Rx Antenna Gain = 9 dBi

Propagation Loss for

desired range of 1km = 100 + 20 x log(1) = 100 dB

Tx Cable Losses

(2m LMR400) = 2 * 0.22 = 0.44 dB

Rx Cable Losses

(2m LMR 400) = 2 * 0.22 = 0.44 dB

Tx Connector Losses = 1 dB

Rx Connector Losses = 1 dB

Variable

Calculations:

System Gain = 21 - (-79) = 100 dB

Antenna Gains = 11 + 9 = 20 dBi

Cable Losses = 0.44 + 0.44 = 0.88 dB

Connector Losses = 1 + 1 = 2 dB

Actual Fade

Margin

Calculation:

Actual Fade Margin = 100 + 20 - 100 - .88 - 2 = 17.12 dB

Analysis: We have achieved the goal of Actual Fade Margin ≥ 15 dB.

Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link

80 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Antenna Basics

Antennas focus and absorb radio energy in specific directions, depending on their design.

They can be tuned to certain frequency ranges; the Hopper Plus 120-24 antennas must be

tuned to 2.4 - 2.5 GHz.

This section contains some basic information about antenna parameters and how to select

and install antennas for use in your wireless system.

Antenna Parameters

Parameter Description

Gain • Antennas have a gain associated with them, which is a measure

of their ability to amplify signals in their tuned band.

• Antenna gain is achieved by focusing the signal. A higher gain

antenna has more compressed signal.

dBd vs. dBi • Antenna gain must be measured over a known reference and is

often expressed as either dBd or dBi.

• dBd is antenna gain referenced over a half-wave dipole which is

an antenna that has a donut shaped radiation pattern.

• dBi is antenna gain referenced over an isotropic radiator which

is a theoretical antenna that radiates equally in all directions

(e.g. the sun).

• Wi-LAN references antenna gain in dBi. The conversion factor

is:

0 dBd = 2.14 dBi

Beamwidth • The beamwidth of an antenna describes how a signal spreads

out from the antenna, and the range of the reception area.

• Beamwidth is measured between the points on the beam

pattern at which the power density is half of the maximum

power. This is often referred to as the -3 dB points.

• A high gain antenna has a very narrow beamwidth and may be

more difﬁcult to align.

Downtilt or uptilt • Some antennas have either an associated downtilt or an uptilt.

The tilt further focuses the signal downward or upward with

respect to the horizon.

• A tilt may be either electrically built into the antenna or achieved

mechanically with the mounting gear.

• A downtilt or uptilt may be required when there is a signiﬁcant

deviation between the elevation of the remote site(s) and the

base site.

F/B • Front-to-back ratio.

• Directional antennas focus the signal in a forward path. This is

achieved by directing the signal in one direction that reduces the

signal in the opposite direction.

• A higher gain antenna typically has a greater F/B ratio.

Antenna Basics

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 81

Implementation Considerations

Following are some key items to consider when selecting and installing antennas for your

wireless network:

XPD • Polarity and Cross-Polarization Discrimination (XPD).

• Antennas have an associated polarity, which is the orientation of

the radiating element with respect to earth.

• Antennas are usually described as vertical, horizontal, or

circularly polarized. The polarity of all antennas used in a

system must be the same.

• Cross-Polarization Discrimination speciﬁes the signal isolation

achieved when the receiving element is perpendicular to the

radiating element. This can be advantageous when co-locating

radio systems.

VSWR • Voltage standing wave ratio.

• VSWR is the voltage ratio of minimum to maximum across a

transmission line.

• A VSWR of 2.0:1 or less in an antenna is considered effective.

Most antennas have a VSWR of 1.5:1.

• For example, when using a radio with a 4 watt output with an

antenna VSWR of 1.5:1, the reﬂected power will be 160

milliwatts.

Item Description

Absorption • Antennas mounted too close to “soft” objects, such as trees,

may experience a reduction in signal strength due to absorption.

• Absorption is most often encountered in applications installed

during the fall or winter months, and the problem does not

become evident until the spring.

Diffraction • Diffraction occurs when a radio signal reﬂects or bounces off of

a solid object.

• The level of diffraction could lead to connectivity problems if the

remaining signal level is too low.

• Two types of diffraction are shadowing and multipath.

Shadowing • Shadowing is a form of diffraction that is typically caused when

antennas are mounted too close to a structure and they lose a

portion of the signal lobe due to reﬂection. The receive antenna

is in a shadowed area.

• To minimize shadowing, ensure that there is adequate height

above structures when mounting antenna equipment.

Multipath

Interference

• Multipath is a form of diffraction in which the reﬂected signal

arrives at the receiver at different times which confuses the

receiver.

• Multipath may be interpreted as interference by the receive

antenna, and can result in bit errors and processing delays.

Parameter Description

Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link

82 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Selecting Antennas

There are several factors to consider when selecting the right antenna for a wireless

application. Following are some initial questions you should ask before selecting an

antenna:

¥ What is the operating frequency range?

¥ Will this be a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint application? Ensure that you

consider if the application will change in the future.

¥ What are the coverage requirements?

¥ How far is the remote site(s)?

¥ What is the gain requirement?

¥ What is the elevation of the remote site(s) with respect to the base station and will

additional downtilt/uptilt be necessary at either the base or remote site to compensate?

¥ Will there be any obstructions in the path?

¥ Will systems be co-located? What polarity will be used?

¥ What are the regional environmental conditions? For example, is there windloading,

salt air, excessive moisture, ice buildup?

¥ What is the antenna lifetime expectation?

¥ What are the site and mounting options?

¥ What are the restrictions in the locale regarding the effective radiated power permitted

from the antenna?

¥ Will antenna appearance be a factor?

Wi-LAN’s Antenna Selection

Following are some antenna selections for the Wi-LAN Hopper Plus 120-24 product:

Antenna Installation Factors

Following are some installation factors you should consider when installing antennas into

your wireless system:

Antenna Type Frequency Gain

Omni 2.4 GHz 6, 9, 12

Dish 2.4 GHz 18, 19, 21, 24, 27

Planar 2.4 GHz 11, 13, 16

Antenna Basics

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 83

Factor Description

Maximizing the

Hopper Plus 120-

24’s Capabilities

• Minimize obstructions in the radio path.

• Line Of Sight (LOS) is crucial for reliability.

• Ensure that equipment is installed correctly.

• Ensure proper grounding, testing, and alignment of antennas.

• Install in environmental conditions that are suitable for the

Hopper Plus 120-24.

• Select proper antennas and cable for the application.

• Ensure sufﬁcient gain for the intended application.

Safety • Proper grounding of antenna apparatus in accordance with

respective Electrical Code(s) is crucial.

• Wi-LAN recommends using a surge arrestor where the antenna

cable enters the building.

• All installations should be completed by a qualiﬁed and

competent RF technician.

EIRP • Effective Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP)

• EIRP is the amount of power that is transmitted to the air from

the antenna.

• EIRP levels depend on the power of the radio transmitter, the

size of the antenna, and the losses incurred in the antenna

cable.

• To remain license-exempt the EIRP must remain under 4 watts

or 36 dBm in Canada and the United States for

point-to-multipoint applications. In Europe, this value is reduced

to 100 mW or 20 dBm.

Note: EIRP = Power out of unit – Power lost in cable + Gain in

power from Antenna

Fade Margin See Calculating Fade Margins on page 72.

LOS • Line of Sight (LOS)

• LOS is a football shaped pattern known as the Fresnel Zone,

which must be kept clear of obstructions. See Working with the

Fresnel Zone on page 76 for more information.

• Visual line of sight must be achieved. When standing at the

antenna position, you must be able to see the remote antenna.

Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link

84 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Minimal Clearance Above Obstructions

For the Hopper Plus 120-24, the absolute minimum clearance above obstructions

requirements are as follows (in meters):

¥ @ 2.4 GHz

Following are some example clearance requirements:

Note: There is also a correction factor added to compensate for curvature of the earth.

This correction factor is not required when the correction value is negligible < 10 km.

Wi-LAN s Link Analysis Spreadsheet takes this variable into account automatically.

Installing Antennas

If your antennas will be located on a support structure, or on top of a tower, you should

have the antenna installed professionally.

Ensure the following:

¥ dipole antennas are oriented vertically (point up).

¥ antennas for the system have the same polarity (vertical, horizontal, or circular).

¥ connectors attaching the coaxial cable to the antenna are properly weatherproofed.

¥ a drip loop is formed at the building entrance, to prevent water flowing down the

coaxial cable and entering the installation building.

¥ the coaxial cable is secured to the supporting structure at one meter intervals. This

prevents wind damage and frost loading problems.

¥ the antenna is firmly attached to the mast to prevent it from falling, yet has some

flexibility so you can move the antenna to fine-tune its position.

¥ the coaxial cable is connected to the antenna and to the antenna port on both sides of

the link (base and remote stations).

¥ the antennas are grounded properly.

Metric

Distance

(km)

2.4 GHz

Clearance

(m)

Imperial

Distance

(miles)

2.4 GHz

Clearance

(ft)

0.5 2.4 0.5 10.0

1 3.4 1 14.3

2 4.9 2 20.5

3 6.0 3 25.7

5 8.0 5 34.9

8 10.6 8 48.3

10 12.3 10 57.6

15 16.6 15 83.8

3.4md

Antenna Basics

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 85

Fine-tuning Antennas

You can fine-tune the antennas by physically moving the antenna. When the remote

antenna is correctly aligned, the AIR LED is orange, indicating appropriate reception and

acknowledgment of sync tokens from the base station. You can use the Receive and

Transmit operating modes to test the link while adjusting the antennas to minimize BER

and lost packets, and maximize received power. You can use the RSSI operating mode to

maximize RSSI.

Once the antennas are adjusted to maximize performance, secure them properly to the

support structures.

Co-locating Units

When Hopper Plus antennas are located on the same mast, you must take care to ensure

the output power from one radio does not overpower another co-located bridge, even if the

units are operating on different channels. Contact Wi-LAN technical support for antenna

and installation assistance when co-locating units.

Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link

86 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 87

Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal

The Windows 95/98 operating system includes a terminal emulation program called

HyperTerminal¤. You can use this program to access the Hopper Plus 120-24

configuration menus through the MANAGEMENT port on the front of the unit.

Starting HyperTerminal

To start HyperTerminal

1. In Windows 95 or 98, from the Start menu, select Programs, Accessories,

Communications, HyperTerminal. The Connection Description window is

displayed:

2. Select an icon for the HyperTerminal session and type a connection name.

Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal

88 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

3. Click OK. The Connect To window is displayed:

4. In the Connect using field, select the appropriate COM port.

5. Click OK. The COM Properties window is displayed:

Starting HyperTerminal

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 89

6. Enter the following settings:

7. Click OK. The Hopper - HyperTerminal window is displayed:

8. From the File menu, select Properties. The Hopper Properties window is displayed:

Bits per second 9600

Data bits 8

Parity None

Stop bits 1

Flow control None

Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal

90 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

9. Click the Settings tab and then click ASCII Setup. The ASCII Setup window is

displayed:

10. In the ASCII Sending area, choose the following settings:

11. In the ASCII Receiving area, do the following:

12. Click OK. The ASCII Setup window closes.

13. Click OK. The Hopper Properties window closes.

14. Use a cross-connect RS-232 serial cable to connect the communications port of the PC

to the DB9 connector on the Hopper Plus 120-24.

15. Power up the Hopper Plus 120-24 unit.

16. Press Enter. The Hopper Plus 120-24 Configuration menu is displayed in the

HyperTerminal window.

Send line ends with line feeds Clear the checkbox.

Echo typed characters locally Clear the checkbox.

Line delay Type 0.

Character delay Type 0.

Append line feeds to incoming line ends Click to select the checkbox.

Force incoming data to 7-bit ASCII Clear the checkbox.

Wrap lines that exceed terminal width Click to select the checkbox.

Determining the Communications Port

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 91

Determining the Communications Port

To set the communications port in the HyperTerminal session, you need to know which

communications port you are using on your computer. Most laptops are connected through

COM 1, but PCs can use COM 1 through 3.

To determine the communications port

1. Right-click the My Computer icon on your desktop and from the shortcut menu,

select Properties. The System Properties window is displayed:

2. Click the Device Manager tab and click Ports (COM & LPT). A list of the

available communications ports appears.

3. Select the appropriate port for your HyperTerminal session.

Note: A connection to the Hopper Plus 120-24 Configuration menus will not be

established if the wrong port is selected. If this occurs, reconfigure the HyperTerminal to

connect using another available communications port.

Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal

92 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 93

Appendix C: Conﬁguring a Simple Data Network

A simple peer-to-peer network can be configured to perform file transfers between two

computers. This section describes the following:

¥ Checking the Network Adaptor Installation

¥ Configuring the Network

¥ Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive

Checking the Network Adaptor Installation

To check the network adaptor installation

1. From the Start menu, select Settings, Control Panel. The Control Panel window

appears.

2. Double-click the System icon. The System Properties window appears.

3. Click the Device Manager tab.

4. Double-click Network Adapters. A list of installed devices appears.

5. Check for trouble indicators with the previously installed network adaptor(s).

6. Click OK. The Control Panel window appears.

Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network

94 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Conﬁguring the Network

To conﬁgure the network

1. In the Control Panel window, double-click the Network icon. The Network window

is displayed:

Configuring the Network

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 95

2. In the list of network components area, double-click Client for Microsoft

Networks. The Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window is displayed:

Note: If Client for Microsoft Networks is not listed, click Add and select

Client, Add, Microsoft, Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK.

3. In the Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window, do the following:

4. Click OK. The Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window closes.

Log on to Windows NT domain Clear the checkbox.

Windows NT domain Clear the ﬁeld.

Logon and restore network connections. Click the button.

Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network

96 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

5. In the Network window, double-click TCP/IP. The TCP/IP Properties window is

displayed:

Note: If TCP/IP is not listed in the Network window, click Add and select

Protocol, Add, Microsoft, TCP/IP, and then click OK.

6. Click the IP Address tab.

7. Click Specify an IP Address, and type the following:

8. Click OK.

9. Click File and Print Sharing. The File and Print Sharing window appears.

10. Click to select the I want to be able to give others access to my ﬁles

checkbox.

11. Click OK.

12. In the Network window, click the Identiﬁcation tab and type the following:

IP Address 196.2.2.1

Note: Increment the last digit by 1 (i.e. type 196.2.2.2)

when conﬁguring the second computer.

Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0

Note: This number is the same for both computers.

Computer Name A unique name for each computer. For example,

computer 1 and computer 2.

Workgroup A workgroup name. For example, Test.

Note: All computers in the network must have the

same workgroup name.

Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 97

13. In the Network window, click the Access Control tab.

14. Click Share Level Access Control.

15. Click OK.

16. You are prompted to restart your computer.

17. Click Yes.

Wait for your computer to restart, then proceed with Enabling the Sharing Feature on

the Hard Disk Drive.

Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive

To enable the sharing feature on the hard disk drive

1. On the desktop, double-click My Computer. The My Computer window is

displayed:

Computer Description A description of the type of computer used. For

example, laptop or desktop.

Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network

98 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

2. Right-click the hard disk drive icon (typically drive C:), and select Open. The

Properties window is displayed:

3. Click the Sharing tab, and choose the following:

4. Click OK.

5. Repeat this procedure for all PCs in the network.

Once all PCs in the network have been shared, you can view the network by double

clicking the Network Neighborhood icon that appears on each PC desktop.

Shared As Click the radio button.

Share Name Type C.

Comment Leave this ﬁeld blank.

Access Type Click to select Full.

Passwords Leave these ﬁelds blank.

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 99

Appendix D: SNMP MIB

About SNMP MIB

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Management Information Block (MIB)

software is included with each Hopper Plus unit. It enables you to configure, monitor, and

control units via the Ethernet or air. (SNMP-compatible network management software is

available commercially and as shareware.)

Units in remote and hard-to-reach locations can be easily configured, and network

managers can avoid or reduce downtime by monitoring network throughput, packet

collision rates, and interference.

SNMP is a protocol used to remotely manage network elements by polling, setting

terminal values, and monitoring network statistics and events. It provides a mechanism for

the exchange of management information in a TCP/IP-based Internet environment.

Community names are used by the SNMP manager to determine access privileges (see

Setting Community Names on page 58).

SNMP consists of three elements.

SNMP Element Description

Manager Is installed on the network’s host computer

and is controlled by the network

administrator. From the host, the Manager

conﬁgures Agents, or polls Agents for

information.

Agent Runs on each unit. An Agent accepts

conﬁguration commands from the Manager

and collects network and terminal

information speciﬁed in the MIB.

Management Information Block (MIB) Is a database that is accessed by a speciﬁc

set of commands that you execute using the

SNMP manager. There is a standard MIB

and a Wi-LAN customized MIB that stores

information relevant to the operation of a

wireless network.

Appendix D: SNMP MIB

100 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Wi-LAN Object Identiﬁer Nodes

The Hopper Plus 120-24 uses SNMP version 1, which is MIB 2 compliant. All OID

(Object Identifier) nodes in the 120-24 private Wi-LAN MIB are numbered

1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.n where n is a private Wi-LAN MIB node number or branch of nodes.

All nodes containing statistical information are cleared on power up and reset.

Values in all writeable nodes are stored in FLASH and are retained until overwritten by

the administrator, even following power down or reset.

From To Classiﬁcation

1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.104 Conﬁguration

1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.7 Conﬁguration:

System Image List

1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.7 System Status

1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.32 Statistics

1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.7 System Commands

Using Object Identifier Nodes

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 101

Using Object Identiﬁer Nodes

Following are descriptions of the nodes in the Hopper Plus 120-24 MIB:

Group Node Label Address/Node Syntax Access Description

Conﬁguration serialNumber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.1 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read Only The Hopper Plus 120-24 unit Serial Number.

Conﬁguration productionDate 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.2 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read Only The Hopper Plus 120-24 unit Date of

Manufacture.

Conﬁguration macAddress 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.3 PhysAddress Read Only Ethernet MAC Address.

Conﬁguration systemName 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.4 DisplayString

(0..31)

Read/Write The Hopper Plus 120-24 unit System Name.

Conﬁguration unitLocation 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.5 DisplayString

(0..31)

Read/Write User conﬁgurable Unit Location.

Conﬁguration contactName 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.6 DisplayString

(0..31)

Read/Write User conﬁgurable Contact Name.

Conﬁguration conﬁg7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.7 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg8 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.8 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg9 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.9 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration ipAddress 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.10 IpAddress Read Only Internet IP Address: default = 192.168.1.100.

Conﬁguration ipNewAddress 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.11 IpAddress Read/Write New Internet IP Address.

Conﬁguration ipSubnetMask 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.12 IpAddress Read/Write IP Subnet Mask: default = 255.255.255.0.

Conﬁguration ipGatewayAddr 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.13 IpAddress Read/Write IP default gateway address (currently not

used).

Conﬁguration ipNetmanAddr 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.14 IpAddress Read/Write SNMP network management station IP

address.

Conﬁguration ipPacketFiltering 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.15 INTEGER Read/Write IP packet ﬁltering: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled.

Conﬁguration ipAddressFiltering 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.16 INTEGER Read/Write IP address ﬁltering: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled.

Appendix D: SNMP MIB

102 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Conﬁguration ipFilter1Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.17 INTEGER Read/Write IP address ﬁlter 1 range: (0-255).

Conﬁguration ipFilter1Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18 IpAddress Read/Write IP ﬁlter 1 base address.

Conﬁguration ipFilter2Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.19 INTEGER Read/Write IP address ﬁlter 2 range: (0-255).

Conﬁguration ipFilter2Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.20 IpAddress Read/Write IP ﬁlter 2 base address.

Conﬁguration ipFilter3Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.21 INTEGER Read/Write IP address ﬁlter 3 range: (0-255).

Conﬁguration ipFilter3Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.22 IpAddress Read/Write IP ﬁlter 3 base address.

Conﬁguration ipFilter4Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.23 INTEGER Read/Write IP address ﬁlter 4 range: (0-255).

Conﬁguration ipFilter4Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.24 IpAddress Read/Write IP ﬁlter 4 base address.

Conﬁguration ipFilter5Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.25 INTEGER Read/Write IP address ﬁlter 5 range: (0-255).

Conﬁguration ipFilter5Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.26 IpAddress Read/Write IP ﬁlter 5 base address.

Conﬁguration conﬁg27 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.27 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg28 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.28 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg29 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.29 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration stationType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.30 INTEGER Read Only Current station type: 0 = remote, 1 = base.

Conﬁguration stationRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.31 INTEGER Read Only Current station RF rank: 1 to 1000.

Conﬁguration centerFreq 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.32 INTEGER Read Only Current RF center frequency (GHz)

Conﬁguration securityWord1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.33 INTEGER Read Only Current RF security password 1.

Group Node Label Address/Node Syntax Access Description

Channel Frequency Channel Frequency

1 2.4258 5 2.4455

2 2.4302 6 2.4498

3 2.4345 7 2.4542

4 2.4400

Using Object Identifier Nodes

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 103

Conﬁguration securityWord2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.34 INTEGER Read Only Current RF security password 2.

Conﬁguration securityWord3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.35 INTEGER Read Only Current RF security password 3.

Conﬁguration securityWord4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.36 INTEGER Read Only Current RF security password 4.

Conﬁguration securityWord5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.37 INTEGER Read Only Current RF security password 5.

Conﬁguration scramblingCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.38 INTEGER Read Only Current RF scrambling code word.

Conﬁguration acquisitionCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.39 INTEGER Read Only Current RF acquisition code (0-15).

Conﬁguration conﬁgMinutes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.40 INTEGER Read Only Current RF conﬁguration test minutes (1-

120).

Conﬁguration repeaterMode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.41 INTEGER Read Only Current base station repeater mode: 0 =

disabled, 1 = enabled.

Conﬁguration systemType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.42 INTEGER Read Only Current base station symmetry: 0 =

asymmetric, 1 = symmetric.

Conﬁguration remoteGroup 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.43 INTEGER Read Only Current RF group identiﬁer: 0 = closed, 1 - 63

= special group.

Conﬁguration conﬁg44 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.44 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg45 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.45 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration defStationType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.46 INTEGER Read Only Default Station type: 0 = remote, 1 = base.

Conﬁguration defStationRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.47 INTEGER Read Only Default Station RF Rank.

Group Node Label Address/Node Syntax Access Description

Appendix D: SNMP MIB

104 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Conﬁguration defCenterFreq 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.48 INTEGER Read Only FLASH RF center frequency (GHz)

Conﬁguration defSecurityWord1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.49 INTEGER Read Only Default RF security password 1.

Conﬁguration defSecurityWord2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.50 INTEGER Read Only Default RF security password 2.

Conﬁguration defSecurityWord3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.51 INTEGER Read Only Default RF security password 3.

Conﬁguration defSecurityWord4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.52 INTEGER Read Only Default RF security password 4.

Conﬁguration defSecurityWord5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.53 INTEGER Read Only Default RF security password 5.

Conﬁguration defScramblingCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.54 INTEGER Read Only Default RF scrambling code word.

Conﬁguration defAcquisitionCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.55 INTEGER Read Only Default RF acquisition code (0-15).

Conﬁguration defConﬁgMinutes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.56 INTEGER Read Only Default RF conﬁguration test minutes (1-120).

Conﬁguration deRepeaterMode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.57 INTEGER Read Only Default base station repeater mode: 0 =

disabled, 1 = enabled.

Conﬁguration defSystemType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.58 INTEGER Read Only Default base station symmetry type: 0 =

asymmetric, 1 = symmetric.

Conﬁguration defRemoteGroup 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.59 INTEGER Read Only Default RF group identiﬁer: 0 = closed, 1 - 63

= special group.

Conﬁguration conﬁg60 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.60 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg61 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.61 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration newStationType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.62 INTEGER Read/Write New station type: 0 = remote, 1 = base.

Group Node Label Address/Node Syntax Access Description

Channel Frequency Channel Frequency

1 2.4258 5 2.4455

2 2.4302 6 2.4498

3 2.4345 7 2.4542

4 2.4400

Using Object Identifier Nodes

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 105

Conﬁguration newStationRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.63 INTEGER Read/Write New station RF rank (1-1000).

Conﬁguration newCenterFreq 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.64 INTEGER Read/Write New RF center frequency (GHz)

Conﬁguration newSecurityWord1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.65 INTEGER Read/Write New RF security password 1.

Conﬁguration newSecurityWord2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.66 INTEGER Read/Write New RF security password 2.

Conﬁguration newSecurityWord3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.67 INTEGER Read/Write New RF security password 3.

Conﬁguration newSecurityWord4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.68 INTEGER Read/Write New RF security password 4.

Conﬁguration newSecurityWord5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.69 INTEGER Read/Write New RF security password 5.

Conﬁguration newScramblingCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.70 INTEGER Read/Write New RF scrambling code word.

Conﬁguration newAcquisitionCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.71 INTEGER Read/Write New RF acquisition code (0-15).

Conﬁguration newConﬁgMinutes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.72 INTEGER Read/Write New RF conﬁguration test minutes (1-120).

Conﬁguration newRepeaterMode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.73 INTEGER Read/Write New base station repeater mode: 0 =

disabled, 1 = enabled.

Conﬁguration newSystemType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.74 INTEGER Read/Write New base station symmetry type: 0 =

asymmetric, 1 = symmetric.

Conﬁguration newRemoteGroup 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.75 INTEGER Read/Write New RF group identiﬁer: 0 = closed, 1 - 63 =

special group.

Conﬁguration conﬁg76 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.76 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg77 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.77 INTEGER Spare.

Group Node Label Address/Node Syntax Access Description

Channel Frequency Channel Frequency

1 2.4258 5 2.4455

2 2.4302 6 2.4498

3 2.4345 7 2.4542

4 2.4400

Appendix D: SNMP MIB

106 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Conﬁguration stationMode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.78 INTEGER Read/Write Operating mode: 0 = normal, 1 = Rx Test, 2 =

Tx Test, 3 = RSSI Test.

Conﬁguration rfTransmitStatus 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.79 INTEGER Read/Write RF transmit status: 0 = blocked, 1 =

unblocked.

Conﬁguration linkMonitorPeriod 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.80 INTEGER Read/Write Link monitor period (0-10000): 0 = disabled, 1

- 10,000 = number of data superframes per

single test superframe.

Conﬁguration testModeTimer 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.81 INTEGER Read/Write Test mode timer minutes (1-1000).

Conﬁguration dynamicPolling 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.82 INTEGER Read/Write Dynamic polling level (1-60).

Conﬁguration remoteDistance 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.83 INTEGER Read/Write Maximum remote unit distance (km)

Conﬁguration linkMonitorRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.84 INTEGER Read/Write Link monitor remote station rank (1-1000).

Conﬁguration throttleEnable 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.85 INTEGER Read/Write Throttling enable: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled.

Conﬁguration throttleLevel 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.86 INTEGER Read/Write RF throttle level (1-50).

Conﬁguration conﬁg87 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.87 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg88 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.88 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg89 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.89 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration communityName1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.90 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read/Write Read-only access community name.

Group Node Label Address/Node Syntax Access Description

Channel Frequency Channel Frequency

1 2.4258 5 2.4455

2 2.4302 6 2.4498

3 2.4345 7 2.4542

4 2.4400

Using Object Identifier Nodes

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 107

Conﬁguration communityName2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.91 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read/Write Read-Write access community name.

Conﬁguration ethernetAccess 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.92 INTEGER Read Only Ethernet access to local host: 0 = disabled, 1

= enabled.

Conﬁguration wirelessAccess 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.93 INTEGER Read Only Wireless access to local host: 0 = disabled, 1

= enabled.

Conﬁguration conﬁg94 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.94 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration currentImage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.95 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read Only Current system image ﬁle name.

Conﬁguration defaultImage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.96 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read/Write Selects speciﬁed system image ﬁle as

default.

Conﬁguration prevDefaultImage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.97 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read Only Previous default system image ﬁle name.

Conﬁguration conﬁg98 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.98 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg99 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.99 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration systemImageList 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100 SEQUENCE

SystemImage

Entry

N/A System Image List Branch.

Conﬁguration:

System Image

List

systemImageNumber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.1 INTEGER Read Only System image number.

Conﬁguration:

System Image

List

systemImageName 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.2 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read Only System image ﬁle name.

Conﬁguration:

System Image

List

systemImageRevn 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.3 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read Only System image revision identiﬁer.

Group Node Label Address/Node Syntax Access Description

Appendix D: SNMP MIB

108 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Conﬁguration:

System Image

List

systemImageDate 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.4 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read Only System image ﬁle date.

Conﬁguration:

System Image

List

systemImageTime 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.5 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read Only Time system image ﬁle was last changed.

Conﬁguration:

System Image

List

systemImageSize 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.6 INTEGER Read Only System image ﬁle size.

Conﬁguration:

System Image

List

systemImageText 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.7 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read Only System image descriptive text.

Conﬁguration conﬁg101 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.101 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg102 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.102 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg103 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.103 INTEGER Spare.

Conﬁguration conﬁg104 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.104 INTEGER Spare.

System Status totalHours 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.1 Counter Read Only Cumulative run-time hours.

System Status systemHours 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.2 Counter Read Only Current run-time hours since powerup.

System Status loginOkays 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.3 Counter Read Only Number of successful logins.

System Status loginFails 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.4 Counter Read Only Number of unsuccessful login attempts.

System Status localUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.5 INTEGER Read Only Local user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2

= supervisor.

System Status telnetUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.6 INTEGER Read Only Telnet user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2

= supervisor.

System Status ftpUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.7 INTEGER Read Only FTP user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2 =

supervisor.

Statistics etherRxTotalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.1 Counter Read Only Total Ethernet packets received.

Statistics etherRxLocalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.2 Counter Read Only Ethernet packets received for local host.

Group Node Label Address/Node Syntax Access Description

Using Object Identifier Nodes

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 109

Statistics etherRxErrorPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.3 Counter Read Only Ethernet packets received in error.

Statistics etherRxDroppedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.4 Counter Read Only Number of received Ethernet packets

dropped.

Statistics etherRxDiscardPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.5 Counter Read Only Number of received Ethernet packets

discarded.

Statistics etherTxTotalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.6 Counter Read Only Total Ethernet packets transmitted.

Statistics etherTxDroppedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.7 Counter Read Only Number of transmitted Ethernet packets

dropped.

Statistics rfRxTotalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.8 Counter Read Only Total received RF packets.

Statistics rfRxLocalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.9 Counter Read Only Total received RF packets for local host.

Statistics rfRxDroppedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.10 Counter Read Only Number of received RF packets dropped.

Statistics rfRxDiscardedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.11 Counter Read Only Number of received RF packets discarded.

Statistics rfTxTotalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.12 Counter Read Only Total transmitted RF packets.

Statistics rfTxLocalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.13 Counter Read Only Number of transmitted local RF packets.

Statistics rfTxDroppedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.14 Counter Read Only Number of transmitted RF packets dropped.

Statistics rfRxSframeCount 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.15 Counter Read Only Total RF super frames received.

Statistics rfRxOverrunErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.16 Counter Read Only Number of RF overrun errors.

Statistics rfRxSFrameErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.17 Counter Read Only Number of RF super frame control word

errors.

Statistics rfRxChecksumErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.18 Counter Read Only Number of RF super frame header checksum

errors.

Statistics rfRxPacketErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.19 Counter Read Only Number of RF packet control work errors.

Statistics rfRxLengthErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.20 Counter Read Only Number of RF super frame length errors.

Statistics rfTxSuperFrameCnt 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.21 Counter Read Only Number of RF super frames transmitted.

Statistics rfEtoIThroughput 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.22 Counter Read Only Ethernet to RF throughput.

Group Node Label Address/Node Syntax Access Description

Appendix D: SNMP MIB

110 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Statistics rfItoEThroughput 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.23 Counter Read Only RF to Ethernet throughput.

Statistics statistics24 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.24 Counter Spare.

Statistics linkMonitorRank1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.25 INTEGER Read Only Link monitor remote station rank.

Statistics linkMonRtoBber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.26 DisplayString

(0..8)

Read Only Link monitor remote to base bit error rate.

Statistics linkMonBtoRber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.27 DisplayString

(0..8)

Read Only Link monitor base to remote bit error rate.

Statistics linkMonMissPktCnt 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.28 Counter Read Only Link monitor missed packet count.

Statistics linMonEnvPBtoR 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.29 INTEGER Read Only Link monitor base to remote envelope power.

Statistics linkMonEnvPRtoB 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.30 INTEGER Read Only Link monitor remote to base envelope power.

Statistics linkMonCorrPBtoR 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.31 INTEGER Read Only Link monitor base to remote correlation

power.

Statistics linkMonCorrPRtoB 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.32 INTEGER Read Only Link monitor remote to base correlation

power.

System

Commands

rebootCurrent 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.1 INTEGER Read/Write Reboot current system image: 1 = reboot.

System

Commands

rebootImage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.2 DisplayString

(0..15)

Read/Write Reboot speciﬁed system image: system

image ﬁle name.

System

Commands

rebootnewRFConﬁg 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.3 INTEGER Read/Write Reboot new RF conﬁguration: 1 = reboot.

System

Commands

restFactConfReboot 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.4 INTEGER Read/Write Restore factory conﬁguration and reboot: 1 =

restore.

System

Commands

saveConfToFlash 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.5 INTEGER Read/Write Save current conﬁguration to ﬂash: 1 = save.

System

Commands

resetRadioStats 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.6 INTEGER Read/Write Reset radio statistics: 1 = reset.

System

Commands

resetEthernetStats 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.7 INTEGER Read/Write Reset Ethernet statistics: 1 = reset.

Group Node Label Address/Node Syntax Access Description

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 111

Appendix E: Technical Reference Information

Front Panel LEDs

LED Type Color Status

AIR Orange

(both units)

The units are conﬁgured correctly: the base and

remote units are transmitting and receiving data.

Green

(remote)

The units are conﬁgured incorrectly: the remote

unit is receiving data from the air but can not

respond.

Red

(base)

The units are conﬁgured incorrectly: the base

unit is transmitting without receiving

acknowledgment.

Off Listening to the air

MODE Green Receive test mode - RS-232 displays statistics

Red Continuous Transmit test mode

Orange RSSI test mode - measures fade margin

Off Normal transceiver mode

WIRE Green Receiving data from the wire

Red Transmitting data to the wire

Orange Transmitting and receiving data on the wire

Off Listening to the wire

POWER Green Power is connected to the transceiver

Off No power is connected to the transceiver

Appendix E: Technical Reference Information

112 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

Power Connector Pinout

Power Connector

Hopper PLUS 120-24, Rear View

Pin 1 +12 VDC

Pin 2 GND

Pin 3 N/C

Power Connector Pinout

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 113

Glossary

absorption

Antennas mounted too close to soft objects, such as trees, may experience a reduction in

signal strength due to absorption. Absorption is most often encountered in applications

installed during the fall or winter months. The problem does not become evident until the

spring.

acquisition code

To minimize the effects of interference, all units in a system use the same acquisition code

so the receivers can distinguish the desired signal from interfering signals.

agent

In an SNMP context, the agent runs on each unit. An agent accepts configuration

commands from the manager and collects network and terminal information specified in

the MIB.

antenna

A device which accepts electromagnetic energy from a circuit or wire and radiates it into

space rather than confining it.

antenna gain

Gain of the antenna over a dipole (dBd) or isotropic (dBi).

¥ Antennas have a gain associated with them, which is a measure of their ability to

amplify signals in their tuned band.

¥ Antenna gain is achieved by focusing the signal. A higher gain antenna has more

compressed signal.

attenuation

Any loss in signal strength, due to resistance, absorption, capacitance, or any

characteristic of the medium or design of the system.

beamwidth

The beamwidth of an antenna describes how a signal spreads out from the antenna as well

as the range of the reception area. Beamwidth is measured between the points on the beam

pattern at which the power density is half of the maximum power. This is often referred to

Glossary

114 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

as the -3 dB points. A high gain antenna has a very narrow beamwidth and may be more

difficult to align.

BER

Bit Error Rate. A percentage of bits per million, showing the number of bits in error

compared to the data bits actually sent.

blocking

Blocking is an operating mode where the radio receives only. Unblocked is the normal

operating mode.

cable loss

The signal loss experienced as it passes through the coax cable. Expressed in dB.

channel

The width of the spectrum band taken by a radio signal, usually measured in

kilohertz (kHz).

coaxial cable

A type of wire where the inner conductor is surrounded by an outer conductor. The outer

conductor serves as an electrical shield.

collision

The situation that exists when two users try to send a signal over the same medium at the

same time, and the signal uses the same frequencies.

conﬁguration menus

The menu based user interface on the Hopper Plus 120-24 that allows the viewing and

configuration of Hopper Plus 120-24 parameters.

contentionless polling

The Hopper Plus 120-24 uses a form of dynamic polling that ignores idle remote stations.

The number of polls that an idle remote is ignored can be set to maximize polling to active

stations.

Cross-Polarization Discrimination

See XPD.

Decibel. A relative measure of power used to specify power gains and losses. The

difference in power P1 and P2 expressed in dB is:

DB9

A D-shaped connector with 9 pins.

dB 10 P1

-------





log×=

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 115

dBd

dBd is antenna gain referenced over a half-wave dipole which is an antenna that has a

donut shaped radiation pattern.

Gain of a Standard Dipole = 2.14 dBi.

dBi

dBi is antenna gain referenced over an isotropic radiator which is a theoretical antenna

that radiates equally in all directions (e.g. the sun).

Wi-LAN references antenna gain in dBi. The conversion factor is:

0 dBd = 2.14 dBi

dBm

A power measurement referenced to one milliwatt. This is an absolute measure of power

rather than a relative measure such as a gain or a loss.

diffraction

Diffraction occurs when a radio signal reflects or bounces off of a solid object. The level

of diffraction could lead to connectivity problems if the remaining signal level is too low.

Two types of diffraction are shadowing and multipath.

downtilt

Some antennas have either an associated downtilt or an uptilt. The tilt further focuses the

signal either downward or upward with respect to the horizon. A tilt may be either

electrically built into the antenna or achieved mechanically with the mounting gear. An

downtilt or uptilt may be required when there is a significant deviation between the

elevation of the remote site(s) and the base site.

dynamic polling

A polling protocol in which idle units are not polled as frequently as active units. Since

less time is spent polling idle remotes, there are more available resources for active units

and overhead is reduced.

EEPROM

Electrically Erasable, Programable Read Only Memory: Non-volatile memory, but must

be removed from board to be erased.

EIRP

Effective Isotropically Radiated Power. EIRP is the amount of power that is transmitted to

the air from the antenna. EIRP levels depend on the power of the radio transmitter, the size

of the antenna, and the losses incurred in the antenna cable. To remain license exempt the

EIRP must remain under 4 watts or 36 dBm in Canada and the United States for

point-to-multipoint applications. In Europe, this value is reduced to 100 mW or to

20 dBm.

Note: EIRP = Power out of unit — Power lost in cable + Gain in power from Antenna

Glossary

116 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

ERP

Effective Radiated Power. The power radiating from an antenna taking into account the

output power from the transmitter, connector losses, cable losses, and the antenna gain.

ETSI

European Telecommunications Standards Institute.

fade margin

The amount that the system gain plus the total antenna gain exceeds the path loss is called

the fade margin. The fade margin is calculated as the number of dB that the received

signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity.

ﬁltering

Filtering in remote stations limits certain data packets.

FLASH

A type of electrically erasable non-volatile memory that can easily be erased without

removal from the board. Using FLASH, Hopper Plus 120-24 units can be upgraded in the

field.

Fresnel zone

One of a (theoretically infinite) number of a concentric ellipsoids of revolution which

define volumes in the radiation pattern of a (usually) circular aperture.

Notes:

¥ The cross-section of the first Fresnel zone is circular. Subsequent Fresnel zones are

annular in cross-section, and concentric with the first.

¥ Odd-numbered Fresnel zones have relatively intense field strengths, whereas

even-numbered Fresnel zones are nulls.

¥ Fresnel zones result from diffraction by the circular aperture.

front to back ratio (F/B)

Directional antennas focus the signal in a forward path. This is achieved by directing the

signal in one direction that reduces the signal in the opposite direction. A higher gain

antenna typically has a greater F/B ratio.

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

image

An image is a collection of configurations or settings for a particular device. With the

Hopper Plus 120-24, the System Image File contains a collection of configurations that are

used when the unit is rebooted.

interference

Any signal that tends to hamper the normal reception of a desired signal. Equivalent to

jamming except considered non-hostile in origin.

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 117

ISM

Industrial, Scientific, and Medical. It is the family of license-exempt radio bands in North

America and some European countries. It is also referred to as part 15.247 in the FCC

regulation that defines the parameters for use of the ISM band in the U.S., including

power outputs, spread-spectrum, and noninterference.

link monitor

A Hopper Plus 120-24 utility that sends known data over an active system to test the

reliability of the RF link. The link monitor information is overhead, that is, it reduces the

amount of available payload for message data.

LOS (Line of Sight)

LOS is a elliptical pattern known as the Fresnel Zone, which must be kept clear of

obstructions. Visual line of sight must be achieved. When standing at the antenna position,

you must be able to see the remote antenna.

MAC address

Media Access Control address. Alphanumeric characters that uniquely identify a

network-connected device.

Management Information Block

See MIB.

manager

When used in SNMP, this element is installed on the network s host computer and is

controlled by the network administrator. From the host, the manager configures agents, or

polls agents for information.

MIB

Management Information Block. The MIB is a database which is accessed by a specific

set of commands that you can execute using the SNMP Manager. There is a standard MIB

and a Wi-LAN customized MIB that stores information relevant to the operation of a

wireless network.

multipath interference

Multipath is a form of diffraction in which the reflected signal arrives at the receiver at

different times which confuses the receiver. Multipath may be interpreted as interference

by the receive antenna, and can result in bit errors and processing delays.

OID nodes

Object Identifier Nodes. These are the individual nodes in a MIB. See SNMP and MIB.

Glossary

118 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

overhead

Anything that reduces the payload capacity of a system is overhead, even if serves a useful

function. The link monitor data is used to determine transmission statistics, but it reduces

the message carrying capacity of the Hopper 120-24 system and is considered overhead.

path loss

The total loss from one end of the path to the other. This includes propagation losses, cable

losses, and any other losses that impact the system performance.

point-to-multipoint

A wireless system where one base unit communicates with many remote units. The base

unit polls all the remotes, and data passes between units to complete the network.

point-to-point

The simplest wireless system consisting of a base and one remote.

polling

The base unit in a Hopper Plus 120-24 point-to-multipoint system handles multiple

remotes by polling each one sequentially. When a base polls a remote, data exchange

between that remote and the base takes place. The remote cannot exchange information

with the base until it is polled again.

propagation loss

The signal loss experienced as it travels through the air. Expressed in dB.

Radio Frequency. A system of communication using electromagnetic waves propagated

through space. Because of varying characteristics, radio waves of different lengths are

used for different purposes and are usually identified by their frequency.

RS-232

Standards for serial communications, which define the voltages, currents, data rates, and

other factors about the signals to be used, as well as single-ended, differential, multi-drop

operation.

RSSI

Received Signal Strength Indicator. Strength of received signal expressed in dB. The

Hopper Plus 120-24 measures RSSI as a fade margin value.

sensitivity

The minimum signal strength required for usable performance. Expressed in dBm.

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 119

shadowing

Shadowing is a form of diffraction that is typically caused when antennas are mounted too

close to a structure, and they lose a portion of the signal lobe due to reflection. The receive

antenna is in a shadowed area. To minimize shadowing, ensure that there is adequate

height above when mounting antenna equipment to a structure.

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol. A protocol you can use to remotely manage a

network element by polling, setting terminal values, and monitoring network statistics and

events. It is the de-facto internet work management standard, designed to provide a

mechanism for the exchange of management information in a TCP/IP-based Internet

environment.

spread spectrum

Any of a group of modulation formats in which an RF bandwidth much wider than signal

bandwidth is used to transmit information, resulting in a greater immunity to noise

interference.

system gain

The maximum path loss that the system can support for usable data transmission.

system image ﬁle

The Hopper Plus 120-24 uses system image files to store system configuration settings.

The default system image file is called factory-image and is when the Hopper Plus is

first powered up.

telnet

An Internet communications protocol that enables a computer to function as a terminal

working on a remote computer. A computer with a network connection to a Hopper Plus

120-24 system can Telnet to any of the (configured) Hopper Plus 120-24 units and access

their configuration menus.

throttling

Throttling limits the amount of data that a remote station passes.

uptilt

See downtilt.

XPD (Cross-Polarization Discrimination)

Refers to polarity and Cross-Polarization Discrimination. Antennas have an associated

polarity, which is the orientation of the radiating element with respect to earth. Antennas

are usually described as being vertical, horizontal, or circularly polarized. The polarity of

all antennas used in a system must be the same. XPD specifies the amount of signal

Glossary

120 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

isolation achieved when the receiving element is perpendicular to the radiating element.

This can be advantageous when co-locating radio systems.

VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio)

VSWR is the voltage ratio of minimum to maximum across a transmission line. A VSWR

of 2.0:1 or less in an antenna is considered effective. Most antennas have a VSWR of

1.5:1. For example, when using a radio with a 4 watt output with an antenna VSWR of

1.5:1, the reflected power will be 160 milliwatts.

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 121

Index

Numerics

10/100 BaseT connector 5

absorption

and antennas 81

defined 113

accessing

configuration menus 16—18

acquisition code

configuring 47

defined 113

address

default gateway IP address 27

internet IP address 26

SNMP NMS trap IP address 28

agents

defined 113

SNMP 99

antennas 80—84

absorption 81

beamwidth 80

clearance requirements 84

connector 5

cross-polarization discrimination 81

dBd vs. dBi 80

defined 113

diffraction 81

downtilt 80

EIRP 83

fade margin 83

fine-tuning 85

front to back ratio 80

gain 73, 76, 80, 113

implementation consideration 81

installation factors 82

installing 84

LOS 83

maximizing capabilities 83

minimal clearance 84

multipath interference 81

pre-installation 71

safety 83

selecting 82

shadowing 81

uptilt 80

voltage standing wave ratio 81

arrow keys

setting in telnet sessions 18

asymmetric

base station system type 50

attenuation

and antennas 76

defined 113

back panel 4

LED 5

base station

repeater mode 49

setting 42

setting link monitor from 38

system symmetry type

asymmetric 50

symmetric 50

beamwidth

and antennas 80

defined 113

bit error rate

defined 114

display in link monitor 66

blocking

defined 114

bridges

testing 11

Index

122 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

cable loss

and link budget variables 73

defined 114

cabling 6, 13

calculating

EIRP 75

Fresnel radius 77

propagation loss 76

center frequencies

configuring 44, 45

clearance requirements

antennas 84

coaxial cable 114

collision

and the SNMP manager 99

defined 114

command line 70

community names

setting 20, 58

configuration menus

accessing 16

navigating 16

configuration settings

restoring factory configuration 64

configuring

acquisition code 47

base station

dynamic polling level 51

maximum remote distance 37

repeater mode 49

system symmetry type 50

center frequencies 44, 45

community names 20, 58

default gateway IP address 27

default system image file 62

Ethernet access 60

HyperTerminal 87

internet IP address 26

internet IP subnet mask 27

IP settings ??—28

link monitor 38

network configuring Hopper Plus 120-24 ??—98

networks 94—97

operating mode 34

passwords

radios 41—54

rank 43

remote access 60

remote station

RF group 52

throttling 40

scrambling code 46

SNMP NMS trap IP address 28

station type 42

test mode timer 32

timeout

unit

contact name 22

identification 20

location 22

name 21

connectors

10/100 BaseT 5

antenna 5

power supply 5

contacting

Wi-LAN customer support vi

contentionless polling 1

defined 114

correlation power

and the link monitor display 66

cross-polarization discrimination

and antennas 81

defined 119

current image

rebooting 63

customer support vi

and link budget 73

defined 114

DB9 114

dBd

and link budget 73

defined 115

vs. dBi 80

dBi

and link budget 73

defined 115

dBm

and link budget 73

default

IP gateway address 27

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 123

system image file 62

diffraction

and antennas 81

defined 115

distance

setting maximum remote distance 37

downtilt

antennas 80

defined 115

EEPROM 115

EIRP

and link budget variables 73

antennas 83

calculating 75

defined 115

enabling

link monitor 38

sharing on hard disk 97—98

throttling 40

envelope power

and the link monitor display 66

ERP 116

Ethernet

configuring access via 60

resetting statistics 65

viewing statistics 55

ETSI 116

factory configuration

restoring 64

fade margins 116

and antennas 83

measuring with RSSI mode 34

filtering 116

fine-tuning

antennas 85

formulas

link budgets 79

Fresnel zone

defined 116

illustration 77

radius calculation 77

front panel 3

front to back ratio

and antennas 80

defined 116

getting help vi

hardware

viewing version 23

HyperTerminal 87—91

configuring 87

starting 87

IEEE 116

image files ??—64

rebooting current 63

setting default 62

viewing 24

installing

antennas 81, 82, 84

bridge testing 11

weatherproofing 72

interference

defined 116

multipath 81

internet IP

address 26

configuring ??—28

default gateway address 27

SNMP NMS trap address 28

subnet mask 27

ISM 117

link budgets

antenna gain 73

cable loss 73

EIRP 73

example 79

formulas 79

path loss 73

propagation loss 73

receiver sensitivity 73

system gain 73

variables 73

link monitor 38—66

configuring for base station 38

configuring for remote station 39

viewing statistics 66

logging in to menus

using management port 17

Index

124 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

configuring 61

logging in after 61

LOS 117

antennas 83

MAC address 117

manager 117

SNMP 99

menus

accessing 16

navigating 16

MIB

defined 117

SNMP 99

Wi-LAN nodes 100

minimal clearance

above obstructions 84

mode button

location on unit 5

monitor

link 38

RS-232 link monitor 33, 69

multi-code direct sequence spread spectrum 1

multipath interference 81

defined 117

names

community 20, 58

system image files 23

navigating

menus 16

network adaptor installation

checking 93

network configuring ??—98

notices

OID nodes

defined 117

Wi-LAN 100—110

operating mode

configuring using menus 32, 34

panel

back 4

front 3

path loss

and link budget variables 73

defined 118

physical layout

planning 71

polling

configuring level 51

power

electrical

supply connector 5

prerequisites

antenna installation 71

network planning 71

physical layout planning 71

product overview 1

propagation loss

and link budget variables 73

calculating 76

defined 118

radio

configuring 41—54

resetting statistics 65

setting station type 42

specifications 6

viewing statistics 55

RAM 23

rank

configuring 43

rebooting

current image 63

new RF configuration 53

receiver sensitivity

and link budget variables 73

regulatory compliance v

remote access

configuring 60

remote station

setting link monitor from 39

remote unit

configuring 42

repeater

base 49

resetting

ethernet statistics 65

radio/RF statistics 65

restoring

Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00 125

factory configuration settings 64

defined 118

groups 52

resetting statistics 65

viewing statistics 55

RF network planning ??—84

overview 71

physical layout 71

prerequisites 71

ROM 23

viewing images 24

RS-232

defined 118

RSSI

defined 118

RSSI LED indicator

mode button 34

RSSI mode

configuring

with menus 32

with mode button 33

safety

antennas 83

scrambling code

configuring 46

security

community names 20, 58

remote access 60

setting login timeouts 61

setting passwords 59

system 20, 58

see install 6

selecting

antennas 82

sensitivity 118

shadowing 81, 119

sharing

enabling on hard disk 97—??

SNMP ??—110

agents 99

defined 119

elements 99

manager 99

MIB 99

setting community names for 20, 58

setting NMS trap IP address 28

specifications

configuration 6

general 6

network support 6

radio 6

security 6

wireless network protocols 6

spread spectrum 1, 6

defined 119

statistics

resetting 64

viewing Ethernet 55

viewing RF 55

supervisor password

default 16

symmetric

base station system type 50

system

physical layout 71

security 58

system gain

defined 119

system image files

names 23

setting the default 62

versions 23

working with 62—64

telnet

setting arrow keys in sessions 18

testing

bridges 11

using the link monitor 38

throttling 40, 119

configuring 40

timeouts

timer

test mode 32

troubleshooting vi

unit

contact name 22

identification 20

location 22

name 21

uptilt

antennas 80

Index

126 Version 1.0 Rev B - 08/00

defined 119

user password

default 16

variables

link budgets 73

versions

hardware 23

system image files 23

viewing

current system status 25

Ethernet statistics 55

link monitor statistics 66

radio/RF statistics 55

system revision information 23

system software ROM images 24

voltage standing wave ratio

and antennas 81

defined 120

WAN

system configuration 16

weatherproofing 72

wireless

configuring access via 60

Wireless network

illustration 1

Wi Lan EB01 Wireless Ethernet Bridge User Manual Hopper 120 24

Wi Lan Inc Wireless Ethernet Bridge Hopper 120 24

Users Manual with RF safety statement

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