Wi Lan EB02 Advanced Wireless Ethernet Bridge User Manual 120 58

Wi Lan Inc Advanced Wireless Ethernet Bridge 120 58

Manual

AWE 120-58 Advanced Wireless Ethernet Bridge Installation &Configuration GuideAPR 2001 Rev 3
APR 2001 Rev 03 i Contents Important Information .................................................................... viiNotices ................................................................................................ix Copyright Notice ..............................................................................................................................ixRegulatory Notice .............................................................................................................................ixOther Notices .....................................................................................................................................xWarranty & Repair .............................................................................................................................xCustomer Support Contacts ...........................................................................................................xDistributor Technical Support .......................................................................................................xiWi-LAN Product Information ........................................................................................................xi Description ..........................................................................................1 Features ................................................................................................................................................1About Spread Spectrum ....................................................................................................................1 About AWE Units 2 Some System Applications ................................................................................................................3 Making a Simple Wireless Bridge 3Creating a Simple Wireless Network 3Creating a Network with Cells 5Using a Repeater Base 6Building a WAN 6 Hardware Description ......................................................................................................................7 Shipping Package Contents 7AWE 120-58 Unit 8 AWE 120–58 Specifications .......................................................................................................... 10 Installation .........................................................................................13 Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 13Obtain Network Plan ..................................................................................................................... 14
ii AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Assemble Units .................................................................................................................................14 Checking the Shipping Contents 14Assembling AWE Units 14Checking the Power 16 Pre-Configure Units .........................................................................................................................16 Configuring a Base Station 16Configuring a Remote Unit 19 Bench Test Units ..............................................................................................................................21 Establishing a Basic RF Link 21Testing the Link and Adjusting Tx Power 23Performing Simple Network Tests 25 Install Units ........................................................................................................................................29 Point-to-Multipoint Installation 30Co-Location Installation 30 Test Network ...................................................................................................................................30Adding to a Network ......................................................................................................................30Preventative Maintenanceand Monitoring ..................................................................................................................................31 Configuration .................................................................................... 33 Overview ............................................................................................................................................33 Main Menu 33 Accessing the Main Menu ...............................................................................................................34 Accessing the Main Menu with HyperTerminal® 34Accessing Units via telnet 35Setting VT100 Arrows 35 Configuring with the Main Menu ..................................................................................................36Unit Identification .............................................................................................................................37 Viewing Unit Identification 37Assigning Unit Identification Information 38 Hardware/Software Revision .........................................................................................................39 Viewing System Revision Information 39 System Software ROM Images ......................................................................................................40 Viewing System Software ROM Images 40 System Current Status ....................................................................................................................41 Viewing System Current Status 41 Network Configuration ..................................................................................................................42 Viewing Internet IP Addresses and Subnet Mask 42Setting the Internet IP Address 43Setting the IP Subnet Mask 43Setting the Default Gateway IP Address (future) 44Setting the SNMP NMS Trap IP Address (future) 44Setting the MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes 44
APR 2001 Rev 03 iii IP Filter Configuration .................................................................................................................... 45 Viewing IP Filter Configuration 45Enabling IP Packet Filtering 47Enabling IP Address Filtering 47Setting IP Address Filter Range 48Setting the IP Filter Base Address 48 RF Station Configuration ............................................................................................................... 49 Viewing Current RF Station Configuration 49Setting the Operating Mode 51General Equipment Setup for Performing RF Tests 52Setting Test Mode Timer Minutes 53Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode) 54Performing Transmit and Receive Tests 57Performing the RSSI Test 59Setting the RF Transmit Status 60Setting the Link Monitor Period 61Setting Maximum Remote Distance (Base Station Only) 62Setting Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 63Adjusting Throttling (Remote Station Only) 64 Radio Module Configuration ......................................................................................................... 65 Viewing the Radio Module Configuration 65Setting Config Test Minutes 67Setting the Station Type 68Setting the Station Rank 69Setting the Center Frequency 70Setting Security Passwords 73Setting the Scrambling Code 74Setting the Acquisition Code 75Adjusting the Tx Power Level 76Setting a Base to Repeater Mode (Base Station Only) 77Setting System Symmetry Type (Base Station Only) 79Setting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only) 80Setting Remote Unit RF Group 81Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations 84 RF/Ethernet Statistics ...................................................................................................................... 86 Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics 86 System Security ................................................................................................................................ 89 Viewing System Security 89Assigning Community Names 91Setting Menu Passwords 92Allowing Remote Access and Configuration 94Setting the Auto Logout Minutes 95 System Commands .......................................................................................................................... 96 Viewing System Command Menu 96Setting Default System Image 97Setting the Reboot System Image 98Rebooting the Current Image 98Restoring Factory Configurations 99Resetting Radio and Ethernet Statistics 100 Link Monitor Display .................................................................................................................... 101
iv AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Viewing Link Monitor Statistics 101 Logout .............................................................................................................................................. 102 Logging Out 102 Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button .................................................................... 102 Selecting RF Tests with the Mode Button 103 Command Line Interface ............................................................................................................. 104 Troubleshooting ............................................................................. 105 Administrative Best Practices ..................................................................................................... 105Troubleshooting Areas ................................................................................................................ 106 Troubleshooting Chart 107 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link ..................................111 Planning the Physical Layout ....................................................................................................... 111 Determine the Number of Remotes 111Ensure LOS and Determine Coverage Area 111Measure the Distance Between Units 112Determine Shelter, Power and Environmental Requirements 112 Determining Antennaand Cable Requirements ............................................................................................................. 112Determining Unit Configuration Settings ................................................................................ 113Calculating a Link Budget ............................................................................................................. 113Link Budget Example .................................................................................................................... 117Antenna Basics ............................................................................................................................... 118 Antenna Parameters 118Implementation Considerations 119Wi-LAN Approved Antennas 120Antenna Installation Factors 121Installing Antennas 122Fine-tuning Antennas 123Co-locating Units 123 Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal .............................................. 125 Starting HyperTerminal ............................................................................................................... 125Determining the Communications Port .................................................................................. 126 Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network ..................... 127 Checking Network Adaptor Installation .................................................................................. 127Configuring the Network ............................................................................................................ 128Enabling Sharing on the Hard Disk Drive ................................................................................ 131
APR 2001 Rev 03 v Appendix D: SNMP ........................................................................133 About SNMP MIB .......................................................................................................................... 133Wi-LAN Object Identifier Nodes .............................................................................................. 134Using SNMP .................................................................................................................................... 134Using Object Identifier Nodes ................................................................................................... 135 Appendix E: Technical Reference Information ...........................149 Front Panel LEDs ........................................................................................................................... 149DC Power Plug Pinout ................................................................................................................. 150 Appendix F: Menu Map ..................................................................151Appendix G: Upgrading Software .................................................153 Obtaining New Software Images ............................................................................................... 153Downloading Image Software ..................................................................................................... 153Activating New Software Images ............................................................................................... 155Removing Old Software Images ................................................................................................. 155 Glossary ...........................................................................................157Index ................................................................................................167
vi AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
APR 2001 Rev 03 vii Important Information Please be aware of the following information about the AWE 120-58. • Tx power can be adjusted (attenuated) from 0 dB to –31 dB through the configuration menu. • Center frequency is typed into a data field (rather than selected from a list). Available center fre-quencies range from 5.7410 GHz to 5.8338 GHz in 400 kHz steps. • Indoor antennas are not supplied with the shipping contents. To test and configure units you need to purchase a Bench Test Kit (9000-0034). For bench testing, antennas must be separated by at least 2 meters. WARNINGNever operate a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port. Operating a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port can permanently damage a unit.ImportantAll antennas must be installed by a knowedgeable and professional installer.Antennas must be selected from a list of Wi-LAN approved antennas. See Wi-LAN Approved Antennas , page 120 for list.
Important Information viii AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
APR 2001 Rev 03 ix Notices Copyright Notice Copyright© 2001 Wi-LAN, Inc.All rights reserved.This guide and the application and hardware described herein are furnished under license and are subject to a confidentiality agreement. The software and hardware can be used only in accordance with the terms and conditions of this agreement.No part of this guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, including photocopying and recording—without the express written permission of Wi-LAN, Inc.While every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this guide is correct, Wi-LAN, Inc. does not warrant the information is free of errors or omissions.Information contained in this guide is subject to change without notice. Regulatory Notice The AWE 120-58 product presented in this guide complies with the following regulations and/or regulatory bodies.• RSS-210 of Industry Canada (www.ic.gov.ca)• FCC Part 15 (www.fcc.gov)Operation is subject to the following two conditions.• This device may not cause interference• This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the deviceThis equipment generates, uses, and radiates radio frequency and, if not installed and used in accordance with this guide, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
Notices x AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following methods.• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver• Connect equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help• Selecting and testing different channels, if employing 5.8 GHz equipmentAs the AWE 120-58 is used on a license-exempt, non-frequency coordinated, unprotected spectrum allocation, and thus can be subject to random unidentified interference, applications must not be those of a primary control where a lack of intercommunication could cause danger to property, process, or person. An alternative fail-safe should be designed into any system to ensure safe operation or shut down, should communication be lost for any reason. Other Notices • Changes or modifications to the equipment not expressly approved by Wi-LAN, Inc., could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.• Appropriately shielded remote I/O serial cable with the metal connector shell and cable shield properly connected to chassis ground shall be used to reduce the radio frequency interference.• Radio frequency exposure limits may be exceeded at distances closer than 23 centimeters from the antenna of this device.• All antenna installation work shall be carried out by a knowledgeable and professional installer.• Use only a power adapter approved by Wi-LAN. Warranty & Repair Please contact the party from whom you purchased the product for warranty and repair information. Wi-LAN provides no direct warranty to end users of this product. Customer Support Contacts Users of Wi-LAN equipment who require technical assistance must contact their reseller or distributor. For information on distributors in your area, please visit www.wi-lan.com/channel.
Distributor Technical Support APR 2001 Rev 03 xi Distributor Technical Support Distributors may contact Wi-LAN’s Technical Assistance Center (TAC) for technical support on Wi-LAN products. When requesting support, please have the following information available: • Description of the problem • Configuration of the system, including equipment models, versions and serial numbers. • Antenna type and transmission cable lengths • Site information, including possible RF path problems (trees, buildings, other RF equipment in the area) • Configuration of units (base, remote, channels used, etc.) and Link Monitor statisticsContact Wi-LAN’s Technical Assistance Center at the numbers listed below. Wi-LAN Product Information To obtain information regarding Wi-LAN products, contact the Wi-LAN distributor in your region, call1-800-258-6876 to speak with a Wi-LAN sales representative or visit our web site at www.wi-lan.com. Canada and USA Call toll free: 1-866-702-3375Business hours: 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7:00)International Call: 1-403-204-2767Business hours: 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7:00)All locations Send an e-mail message to: techsupport@wi-lan.com
Notices xii AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
APR 2001 Rev 03 1 Description Features The AWE 120-58 advanced wireless Ethernet bridge provides high-speed, wireless connectivity at a fraction of the cost of wired solutions. It operates over the license-exempt 5.7250 – 5.8500 GHz ISM radio band and has a maximum raw wireless data rate of 12.0 Mbps.• Provides wireless connectivity at speeds up to eight times faster than regular T1 lines, making the AWE 120-58 ideal for providing high-speed Internet access or for wirelessly extending existing communications infrastructures.• Supports point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and multipoint-to-multipoint networks (if all remotes have clear line of sight to the base station). Contentionless polling ensures efficient access to remote data networks.• Is self-contained and easy to use. Simply connect a AWE 120-58 to each LAN segment, and the unit automatically learns where nodes are located on the network and performs dynamic packet filtering to ensure the local LAN traffic does not overload the wireless connection.• Uses Wi-LAN's patented Multi-Code Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (MC-DSSS) technology, which makes the unit spectrally efficient and resistant to interference. MC-DSSS technology increases data throughput by as much as ten times compared to traditional spread spectrum technology.• Other features include adjustable Tx power level, IP address filtering, throughput throttling and monitoring, high security and reliability, and a flash-code upgrade path. SNMP, telnet and RS-232 management enable users to manage, configure and monitor their wireless network with ease. About Spread Spectrum Three license-free frequency bands (called the ISM bands) are allocated in Canada and the United States to a radio technique known as spread spectrum communication. The bands are located at 900MHz, 2.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz (shown in the following illustration). The AWE 120-58 operates with spread spectrum technology over the 5.7250 – 5.850 GHz band.
Description 2 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide License-Free ISM Bands Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technology converts a data stream into packets and spreads the packets across a broad portion of the RF band. The particular spread pattern depends upon a code. With multi-code DSSS (MC-DSSS), multiple codes and spread patterns are employed. A spread spectrum receiver reconstructs the signal and interprets the data. Some advantages of DSSS are as follows:• Fast throughput: A wide bandwidth means fast data throughput.• Resistant to interference: DSSS overcomes medium levels of interference and multipath problems.• Security: There must be a decoder at the receiving end to recover data (an AWE can only talk to another AWE). Data is transmitted at irregular time intervals. Upon request, Wi-LAN can assign a customer a data packet security code so that a customer can only receive transmissions from another AWE with the same code.• Low probability of detection: Due to a low amplitude signal and wide bandwidth.• No license fee: A license fee is not required if used in the specified radio bands and the transmitter power is limited. About AWE Units AWE 120-58 units can function as base stations, remote units or repeater bases. Base Station: At least one unit in your wireless network must be configured as a base station. A base station acts as the central control unit of the wireless network. The base station polls all remote units and controls how traffic is routed to and from remotes. The base usually connects to a major access point of the wired network. The antenna of the base station must be capable of transmitting and receiving radio signals to and from all the remote units in a system. If remotes are spread over a large area, an omni-directional antenna is usually required. See Configuring a Base Station , page 16 for information about setting up a base station.900 MHz 2.4 GHz5.8 GHz26 MHz Wide83.5 MHz Wide125 MHz Wide902 MHz 928 MHz2.4 GHz 2.4835 GHz5.725 GHz 5.85 GHz
Some System ApplicationsAPR 2001 Rev 03 3 Remote Units: Remote units receive and transmit wireless data to the base station. You need at least one remote unit for each wireless link. Remotes can limit the amount of data passed by the remote (a function called throttling), and they can filter data packets based on their IP address. Because remote units communicate only with the base station, their antennas can be more directional and have higher gains than base antennas. See Configuring a Remote Unit , page 19 for information about setting up a remote unit. Repeater Base: A base station can be configured as a repeater base. A repeater is needed when remote units cannot communicate directly with each other, but direct transfers of data between them are necessary (as in a true WAN). When configured as a repeater, the base station passes data packets between remote stations based on the remote group status and a list of MAC (Media Access Control) addresses that the base station automatically builds. A single repeater uses a method called "store and forward" to receive data from the originating remote and to pass data to the destination remote. See Setting a Base to Repeater Mode (Base Station Only) , page 77 for more information. Two units can also be employed as a dual unit repeater (back-to-back) configuration that maximizes data throughput. Some System Applications You can build a wireless network from AWE units and various other components such as cables and antennas. The following section shows some simple examples of AWE applications. Making a Simple Wireless Bridge The simplest example of using a AWE 120-58 is a point-to-point wireless bridge that connects two wired network segments or LANs. Two AWE units are required: a base station and a remote unit. Point-to-Point Wireless Bridge Creating a Simple Wireless Network You can create a point-to-multipoint wireless network by adding several remote units to a base station. A base station can support up to 1000 remotes, however, Wi-LAN recommends no more than 225 remotes per base station to esnure high levels of data throughput. See Determine the Number of Remotes, page 111 for more information.BaseWired NetworkRemoteRouterMain Wired NetworkRouterHubSwitchFirewallSwitchHubFirewallWireless Link
Description4 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuidePoint-to-Multipoint Wireless NetworkDirect remote-to-remote communication can occur if a direct RF link can be established between remotes, and if remotes are in the same RF group.Remote-to-Remote CommunicationBaseRemoteRouterRemoteRouterWired NetworkWired NetworkWired NetworkRemoteRouterMain Wired NetworkRouterHubSwitchHubSwitchFirewallFirewallSwitchHubFirewallSwitchHubFirewall Wireless LinksBase station pollsRemote UnitsBaseRemoteRemoteRemoteMain Wired NetworkRemotes must be in the sameRF group to communicatedirectlyWireless Links
Some System ApplicationsAPR 2001 Rev 03 5Creating a Network with CellsCells or data nodes can be created with AWE units to maxmimize coverage, minimize interference, and increase data throughput. Directional antennas are mounted on a mast to divide cells into sectors.Each sector is connected to an antenna and a base station. Directional antennas increase signal gain within the sector and increase the distance possible between base stations and remotes. Center frequency, acquisition code and antenna polarization techniques are used to isolate sectors. The increase in data rate depends on the number of sectors. For example, the data rate of Cell 1 in the diagram below is 36 Mbps (12 Mbps x 3 sectors). Cells are distributed across a service area and can be linked to each other via a wireless link or a fiber optic cable.LAN with Cells and SectorsFiber Optiic Cable or Wireless LinkCell 1Cell 2In this example, cells are divided into120 degree sectors.Cells are linked to other cells by a wired or wireless link.RemoteRemoteRemote RemoteRemoteRemoteRemoteRemoteRemoteRemoteBaseStations (3)BaseStations (3)Cell 3RemoteRemoteRemoteRemoteBaseStations (3)InternetFiber Optiic Cable or Wireless Link
Description6 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideUsing a Repeater BaseA base station can function as a repeater to enable wireless data communication around physical obstacles such as tall buildings or mountains. The repeater passes data around the obstacle to any remote in the same RF group. The single unit repeater slows data throughput due to the "store and foreward" process where each packet is handled twice. A dual unit repeater does not slow data throughput.Base Station as a RepeaterBuilding a WANLAN segments can be linked with AWE units to build a WAN (Wide Area Network). Wi-LAN networks are installed in many locations around the world. You can contact Wi-LAN for help designing your network.RemoteWired NetworkWired NetworkRemoteRepeaterWireless LinksWired NetworkRemote123MountainSingle Unit RepeaterDual Unit RepeaterRemoteWired NetworkWired NetworkRemoteWireless LinksWired NetworkRemote123MountainBase BaseEthernet
Hardware DescriptionAPR 2001 Rev 03 7Hardware DescriptionShipping Package ContentsThe shipping package contains the following items.• AWE unit• Power supply, table top adapter (12 Vdc)• Ferrite Block• Power supply cord• Installation and Configuration Guide• Warranty CardIf any of the above items are not included in the AWE 120-58 shipping package, contact Wi-LAN customer support.You may also require the following items.• Bench Test Kit (9000-0034) for unit testing and configuration (kit contains two indoor planar antennas, test cables, and adapters)• Cable, straight-through ethernet RJ45, when connecting a unit to a hub• Cable, crossover ethernet cable RJ45, when connecting directly to the Ethernet port of a PC• Cable adapter, DB25F to DB9M• RS-232 DB25 serial cableYou can purchase any of these items directly from Wi-LAN or any authorized supplier. Please contact Wi-LAN for information about obtaining parts from you local supplier or ordering parts from Wi-LAN.
Description8 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideAWE 120-58 UnitThe AWE 120-58 has indicator LEDs on the front panel.Front PanelThe front panel connector and LEDs are described below. The color of a LED indicates its status. See Front Panel LEDs, page 149 for detailed information.Connectors for power, antenna and wired network are located on the rear panel, as well as a mode button and a Link LED.Air LED Color of LED indicates the transmit/receive status of the wireless link: Red = transmitting data to the airGreen = receiving data from the airOrange = transmitting and receiving approximately equal amounts of data over the airOff = listening to the airMode LED Color of LED indicates the operating mode of a unit:Green = Receive Test modeRed = Transmit Test modeOrange= RSSI Test mode (measures fade margin, which is indicated by LED color)Off = Normal modeWire LED Color of LED indicates the transmit/receive status of the wire link: Green = receiving data from wireRed = transmitting data to wireOrange = transmitting and receiving data on the wireOff = listening to wire or no wire connectedPower LED Green = power is connected to transceiverOff = no power is connected to transceiverAir Mode Wire PowerAir Mode Wire Power
Hardware DescriptionAPR 2001 Rev 03 9Rear PanelItems located on the back panel are described below:Antenna N-type female connector antenna port is located at the top left of the rear panel. This port should always be connected to an antenna directly or through a 50 ohm coaxial cableSerial Port RS-232, DB9 connector used to communicate with a PC. Use this port to locally configure and test a AWEPower 3-pin power connector. See DC Power Plug Pinout, page 148 for detailed pinout illustrationMode Button Mode button can be used to set the operating mode of a unit without a terminal. See Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button, page 97 for information about the mode buttonEthernet Standard RJ45 female ethernet connector. To connect to a PC Ethernet card, you must use the crossover twisted-pair cable. To connect to a hub, use a straight-through twisted-pair cableLink LED Color of LED indicates the data rate and status of the twisted-pair connection:green = 10BaseT link, functioning properlyorange = 100BaseT link, functioning properlyoff = No linkAir Vent Air vent for unit’s internal cooling fanModePowerAntennaSerial Port Link EthernetAntenna Serial PortEthernet Mode ButtonPower Link LEDAir VentPort
Description10 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideAWE 120–58 SpecificationsGeneral SpecificationsModulation Method: Multi-Code Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (MC-DSSS), time division duplexing (TDD)Wireless Data Rate: 12 Mbps raw data rate/up to 9 Mbps operationalRF Frequency Range: 5.725 - 5.850 MHz (unlicensed ISM band)Power Requirements: 12Vdc (via 110/240 VAC 50/60 Hz adaptor)30W (2.5A) maximum power consumptionPhysical: Size: 19.3 x 4.4 x 25.5 centimeters(7.6 x 1.75 x 10.0 inches)Weight: 1.49 kg (3.27 lb)Radio SpecificationsAntenna Connector: N-type femaleOutput Power: +21 dBm to –10 dBmReceiver Sensitivity: –80 dBm (1 x e–6 BER)Processing Gain: >10 dBCenter Frequency 5.7410 GHz–5.8338 GHz in 400 kHz stepsChannel Width 33 MHzNetwork SupportPacket Format: IEEE 802.3 and Ethernet II(High-level protocol transparent)LAN Connection: 10/100BaseT (autonegotiates)Bridge Functionality: Local Packet Filtering (self-learning)Static IP address filteringDynamic polling of remotesUser configurable data rate (throttling)Software is upgradeable online via ftp
AWE 120–58 SpecificationsAPR 2001 Rev 03 11Wireless Networking ProtocolsNetwork Topologies: Point-to-Point, Point-to-Multipoint, Multipoint-to-MultipointRepeater Mode: User ConfigurablePrivate Network User configurable using repeater and RF GroupRF Collision Management: Dynamic Polling with Dynamic Time AllocationSecurityData Scrambling: User ConfigurableData Security Password: Security password of up to 20 bytes in length(1048 combinations)Configuration, Management, and DiagnosticsConfiguration Methods: SNMP, telnet and RS-232 Serial PortSNMP: Version I compliant (RFC 1157), MIB standard and enterprise (RFC 1213)Management Port Functionality: Supports system configuration, security, access control, wireless LAN diagnostics and management, menu-driven ASCII interface via RS-232 DB-9 connectorEnvironment Units must be operated in a weatherproof environment with an ambient temperature from 0 to 40º Celsius and humidity 0 – 95% non-condensing
Description12 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
APR 2001 Rev 03 13InstallationOverviewThis section explains how to install AWE units. You will first assemble, configure and test units in a controlled environment so that any problems can be solved easily, and then install units in the field. By going through this process, you will ensure a successful installation, save time spent on-site, and reduce travel from site to site.The following basic process should be followed.1. Obtain the network plan, equipment and tools.2. Assemble units. —Check the contents of each AWE shipping package to ensure that you have received the required parts. —Connect an indoor antenna or dummy load, connect the power supply unit and check the power. 3. Pre-configure units—Configure units according to the network plan.4. Bench test units—Test basic RF and network operation of units in a controlled environment. 5. Install units—Place the tested units in their field locations and connect them to antennas, the wired network, and power. Install the ferrite block around the 10/100BaseT Ethernet cable.6. Test Network—Test the operation of the installed network.ObtainAssemblePre-ConfigureInstall1235Network PlanTest6Bench Test4UnitsUnitsUnitsUnitsNetwork
Installation14 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideObtain Network PlanThe network plan describes the network in detail, including the following: • Type and number of units • Physical layout • Configuration settings for each unit • Site names, IP addresses and links • Antenna types, RF cables and cable lengths, surge suppressors, terminators • Network cable types and lengths • Grounding kits and backup power requirements • Link budget • Floor plans and equipment cabinet requirements.The network plan must be completed before any equipment is installed. See Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link, page 111 for more information about network plans.Check your equipment and tools: Ensure that you have all the required parts and equipment specified in the network plan. You will require a Bench Test Kit (9000-0034) and some tools to install and configure units–in addition to a standard tool kit, you will require a laptop PC with HyperTerminal® or other terminal emulation software and RS-232 cable. You may require a spectrum analyzer, Site Master® communication test set, digital multimeter, 2-way radios, binoculars, strobe lights, ladder, and weatherproof caulking.Assemble UnitsChecking the Shipping ContentsCheck the contents of each AWE shipping package to ensure that you have received all the materials. See Shipping Package Contents, page 7 for a list.Assembling AWE Units➧ To assemble a unit1. Connect an indoor antenna (included with Bench Test Kit) to the antenna port at the back of the unit.ImportantAn indoor antenna is required for each unit for testing and configuration purposes. Indoor antennas must be separated by at least 2 m. Indoor antenna may differ from illustration.
Assemble UnitsAPR 2001 Rev 03 152. Connect the power supply unit to the Power connector at the back of the unit. The AWE 120-58 must be connected only to a Wi-LAN approved power supply unit with an output of 12 Vdc. See DC Power Plug Pinout, page 150 for pinout information.Antenna and Power ConnectionsImportantAntennas must be installed by a knowedgeable and professional installer.WARNINGNever operate a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port. Operating a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port can permanently damage a unit.Power Supply UnitAC Power CordDC PowerPlug12 VdcAntenna portHint: To turn unit power ON or OFF,connect or cord here.disconnect the powerPower LEDCoaxialCableIndoorAntennaSMA to N-typeAdaptor
Installation16 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideChecking the Power➧ To check the power1. Plug the AC power cord into the AC power outlet.2. Plug the DC power plug (12 Vdc) to the unit’s power connector.3. Plug the AC power cord into the power supply unit. The green Power LED on the front of the unit turns ON and the Air, Mode and Wire LEDs turn ON briefly then turn OFF. The green Power LED stays ON. The Mode LED stays OFF (indicating Normal mode). The Air LED is orange, green, red or OFF. See Front Panel LEDs, page 149 for more information about LEDs.If the green Power LED does not turn ON, check your AC power source and the power supply unit. Measure the power supply unit voltage at the DC Power Plug between pins 1 and 2. See DC Power Plug Pinout, page 150. The output should be 12 Vdc and the power supply unit power LED should be ON.Pre-Configure UnitsThis section describes how to pre-configure a base station and a remote unit, which are the basic units required for a point-to-point wireless link. Once you have configured and tested this basic equipment, you can configure and test all remaining units. See Configuration, page 33 for detailed information about configuration settings.Configuring a Base StationWhen you configure a unit as a base station, you need to perform the following tasks. • Check the Network Configuration information of the unit. • Set the Station Type of the unit to "Base Station" • Assign the Station Rank (# equal to or greater than the number of remote units) • Choose a Center Frequency (must be the same for all units in network) • Select an Acquistion Code (must be the same for all units in network) • Set Tx Power Level Adjust intially to "0 dB" • Set the security passwords (must be the same for all units in network) • Change the default menu passwordsThese tasks are described below in detail.➧ To configure a unit as a base station1. Connect a PC to the AWE unit that will be the base station. Connect the COM port of the PC to the serial port of the AWE with the adapter plug and straight through RS-232 cable.
Pre-Configure UnitsAPR 2001 Rev 03 17Connecting PC to Serial Port2. Start HyperTerminal® (see Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal, page 125 for details) or another terminal emulation program such as Tera Term™. Use the following communication settings: 9600 bps, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control.3. Press Enter. The AWE 120-58 Login window is displayed. 4. Type the default password (supervisor) and press Enter. The Main Menu is displayed.Note: supervisor enables you to change the configuration settings with the Main Menu. See Setting Menu Passwords, page 87 for more information about menu passwords.AWE UnitPCRS-232 Serial Cableto PC COM portSerial PortRS 232 SerialCable toRS-232 Adapter SerialPort (DB9)(See detail)DetailPC COM portAWEDB 25 to 9 pinWi-LAN AWE 120-58 LoginSoftware: Rev 0.0.0 (Aug 25 2000 10:13:37)Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash)Enter Password:
Installation18 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideMain Menu5. Select Network Configuration. Check the network configuration information, the IP address and subnet mask settings. If necessary, change settings to match the network plan. 6. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. • Select Station Type. Choose Base Station. Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Main Menu -> Unit Identification Hardware/Software Revision System Software ROM Images Current System Status Network Configuration IP Filter Configuration RF Station Configuration Radio Module Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics System Security System Commands Link Monitor Display LogoutHow to Use the Main Menu• To select an item from the Main Menu or a sub-menu, press the keyboard arrow keys to move the cursor –> next to the item. Press the Enter key to open the data entry field.• To scroll through items in the data entry field, press . Press to select an item from the field.• To exit from a menu, press the Esc key. EnterEnterEsc Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Pre-Configure UnitsAPR 2001 Rev 03 19 • Select Station Rank. Enter the total number of remote units in your wireless network. For example, if you have only one remote unit, enter "1". If there are 20 remote units, enter "20". • Choose a Center Frequency. Enter the value of the center frequency (range is 57410–58338 in 400 kHz steps). All wireless units must be set to the same center frequency. • Select Security Password x. Type security passwords in hexadecimal for the unit. All units in the same network must have the same set of security passwords. • Select Scrambling Code. Enter a hexadecimal value or leave the default at "0". All units in the same network must have the same scambling code. • Select Acquistion Code. Enter a value from 0–15. (All units in the same network must have the same acquisiton code.) • Select Config Test Minutes. Enter a time in minutes, for example, 10. The unit will automat-ically reboot when this time period expires, and uses the settings stored in flash memory instead of current settings. • Select Tx Power Level Adjust. Choose an initial value of 0 dB, which means no Tx power attenuation. • Select Reboot New RF configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the Login window is displayed.7. Log in to the unit. (Type supervisor for the password). The Main Menu is displayed.8. Select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. • Select Save Current Config to Flash and press Enter. The new settings are stored in flash memory and displayed on the menu. The word appears on the screen.9. Press Esc to go back to the Main Menu.10. Select Logout to exit or press Esc.Note: At this time you may want to finish configuring the base station according to the network plan. See Configuration, page 33 for instructions about viewing and changing various settings.Configuring a Remote UnitWhen you configure a unit as a remote unit, you need to do the following tasks. • Check the Network Configuration information of the unit • Set the Station Type of the unit to "Remote Unit" • Assign the Station Rank (polling ID # of the remote unit) • Select a Center Frequency (must be the same for all units in network) • Select an Acquistion Code (must be the same for all units in network) • Set Tx Power Level Adjust intially to "0 dB" • Set the security passwords (must be the same for all units in network) • Change the default menu passwordsThese tasks are described below in detail.Success
Installation20 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide➧ To configure a unit as a remote unit1. Connect a PC to a AWE remote unit. Connect the COM port of the PC to the Serial port of the remote unit using an adapter plug and RS-232 cable. See Configuring a Base Station, page 16 for cabling diagram.2. Start HyperTerminal® or other terminal emulation program (see Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal, page 125). Use the following commnication settings: 9600 bps, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control.3. Press Enter. The AWE 120-58 Login window is displayed. 4. Type the default password supervisor and press Enter. The Main Menu is displayed. 5. Select Network Configuration. Check the IP settings. If necessary, change the settings to match the network plan.6. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. • Select Station Type. Choose Remote Unit. • Select Station Rank. Enter the rank number of the remote unit. Enter a number from 1–1000. • Choose a Center Frequency. Enter the value of the center frequency (range is 57410–58338 in 400 kHz steps). All wireless units must be set to the same center frequency. • Select Security Password x. Type security passwords in hexadecimal for the unit. All units in the same network must have the same set of security passwords. • Select Scrambling Code. Enter a hexadecimal value or leave the default at "0". All units in the same network must have the same scambling code. • Select Acquistion Code. Enter a value from 0–15. (All units in the same network must have the same acquisiton code.) • Select Config Test Minutes. Enter a time in minutes, for example, 10. The unit will automat-ically reboot when this time period expires, and uses the settings stored in flash memory instead of current settings. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Bench Test UnitsAPR 2001 Rev 03 21 • Select Tx Power Level Adjust. Choose an initial value of 0 dB, which means no Tx power attenuation. • Select Remote Unit RF Group. Enter a value from 0–63. (For testing purposes, you may leave the value = 0.) • Select Reboot New RF configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the Login window is displayed.7. Log in to the unit. (Type supervisor for the password). The Main Menu is displayed.8. Select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. The settings under Current change to values that were in the New column.9. Select Save Current Config to Flash and press Enter. The new settings are stored in flash memory and displayed on the menu. The word appears on the screen.10. Press Esc to go back to the Main Menu.11. Select Logout to exit or press Esc.Note: At this time you may want finish configuring the unit according to the network plan. See Configuration, page 33 for instructions about viewing and changing various settings.Bench Test UnitsIn this section, you will perform the following tasks:• Ensure that a basic RF link exists between a base station and a remote unit.• Test the basic link with Link Monitor and adjust Tx power level.• Perform some simple network tests.Establishing a Basic RF LinkThis test ensures that a basic RF link exists between a base station and a remote unit.Tip: First configure one unit as a base station, and then use it to test all the remote units.To establish a basic RF link1. Ensure that one unit is configured to a base station, select a center frequency and set the test minutes. See Configuring a Base Station, page 16.2. Ensure that the other unit(s) are configured as remote units with the center frequency the same as the base station. See Configuring a Remote Unit, page 19.IMPORTANTThe quality of your digital data transmission depends greatly on the quality of your RF link. Always try to establish a high-quality RF link first. A high-quality RF link will result in high-quality data transmissions and a low BER. A low-quality RF link will result in low-quality data transmissions and a high bit error rate (BER). Digital data can always be sent across a high-quality RF link. If the RF link is of poor quality, data either cannot be sent at all or will contain too many errors to be useful..Success
Installation22 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide3. Place the base station and a remote unit at least two meters apart with a clear line of sight between antennas. Point the antennas toward each other.Basic Test Setup4. Power up the base station. The green Power LED is ON. The Air LED of the base unit is red. This Air LED color indicates that the unit is transmitting data but is not receiving a response. (The reason is that the remote is powered off.)5. Power up the remote unit. The green Power LED is ON. The Air LED of the remote unit turns orange and the Air LED of the base station also turns orange as both units send and receive data from each other. Orange is the normal Air LED color.The color of the Air LED during this step indicates the following conditions.Note: If antennas are placed too close together, the strong transmit signal will saturate the receiving unit. Fine-tune antennas by changing antenna orientations until the Air LED is orange.Next, you will test the link with the Link Monitor test and adjust the Tx power level to obtain a fade marginof 15–30 dB. .Orange (both stations) Units are continuously sending and receiving sync packetsRed (base station) Stations are configured incorrectly, and the base station is transmitting without receiving acknowledgmentGreen (remote station) Stations are configured incorrectly, and the remote station is receiving packets to which it cannot respondOff Nothing is being received (by the remote) or transmitted (from the base)2 mminimumAir LED = orangeBase Unit Remote UnitAir LED = orangeIndoorAntennaIndoorAntennaAir Mode Wire Power Air Mode Wire PowerCoax Adapter CableCoax Adapter Cable
Bench Test UnitsAPR 2001 Rev 03 23Testing the Link and Adjusting Tx PowerA basic RF link is established when the base station and remote unit can receive and transmit data to each another (indicated by orange Air LEDs on both units). Once you have established a basic RF link, you test the link by running the Link Monitor test and viewing the link statistics. Finally, you adjust the Tx Power of the base and remote units to obtain a 15–30 dB fade margin. ➧ To test the RF link and adjust Tx power1. Connect the test PC to the serial port of the base station or remote unit. See Connecting PC to Serial Port, page 17.2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu.3. Select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. • Select Operating Mode. Press the arrow keys to select Normal mode. • Select RF Transmit Status. Select unblocked. • Select Link Monitor Remote Station Rank. Enter the rank of the unit that you want to link test. (The rank is the identification number of the unit. The rank of a remote can be any num-ber from 1 – 1000. The rank number of the the base station is always 0. See Setting the Station Rank, page 69.) • Select Link Monitor Period. Enter a link monitor period of 1. (A value of 1 means that 50% of available data packets will carry test data. The higher the period number, the fewer the number of data packets that will carry test data. See Setting the Link Monitor Period, page 61 for more infor-mation.) The Link Monitor test starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered in the field. Next, you view the link statistics and adjust Tx power level. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode -> Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0 Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 5 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable off Throttle Level (1-50) 1
Installation24 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide4. From the Main Menu select Link Monitor Display and press Enter. The RF Background Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed.5. Check for the following statistics: • Base to Remote BER = 0.0E+00 • Remote to Base BER = 0.0E+00 • Base to Remote Corr Power between 15 – 50 dB • Remote to Base Corr Power between 15 – 50 dB If the Corr Power is <15 dB the receive signal is probably too weak to be useful. If the power is >55 dB the receiving unit is probably being saturated. 6. Adjust Tx power of both units to obtain a fade margin (Corr Power) of 15–30 dB, as displayed by the Link Monitor Statistics window. See Adjusting the Tx Power Level, page 76 and Performing Transmit and Receive Tests, page 57.7. When you are finished viewing link monitor statistics, disable Link Monitor to remove the overhead test data from the wireless link. To disable Link Monitor, select RF Station Configuration from the Main Menu and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed.8. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The field is highlighted.9. Type 0 in the field and press Enter. The link monitor test ends.10. Press Esc to exit.You have now established an RF link between two units, tested the ability of the link to carry test data, and adjusted the Tx power level to 15–30 dB. Next, you connect the units to a network and perform some simple network tests. RF Background Link Monitor Statistics Link Monitor Rank 1 Base to Remote BER 0.0E+00 Remote to Base BER 0.0E+00 Missed Packet Count 0 Base to Remote Env Power 27 Base to Remote Corr Power 28 Remote to Base Env Power 29 Remote to Base Corr Power 30
Bench Test UnitsAPR 2001 Rev 03 25Performing Simple Network TestsTo test units within a simple network you require two AWE 120-58 units, a LAN connection, a PC and a crossover ethernet cable or hub connection. A ferrite block is placed around the 10/100BaseT Ethernet cable to prevent electromagnetic interference (EMI) from transferring from a unit to the Ethernet cable, and from the Ethernet cable to the unit. The ferrite block is included with the contents of the shipping box. Install a ferrite block when testing units, and ensure that a ferrite block is in place when units are installed in the field.➧ To install the ferrite block1. Remove the ferrite block from the plastic packaging.2. Pull the clip and open the ferrite block. See 3. Place the Ethernet cable in the center of the open ferrite block. Locate the block approximately 4 cm from the cable connector end that plugs into the unit’s Ethernet port. See 4. Close the ferrite block around the Ethernet cable, making sure that the block snaps together. See 1Clip1Ferrite Block23244 cm3
Installation26 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide5. Plug the Ethernet cable into the unit. See 4EthernetEthernet port4
Bench Test UnitsAPR 2001 Rev 03 27➧ To perform a simple network test1. Connect the Ethernet port of the base station to the internet port of the PC. You can either connect to a network hub or connect directly using an RJ45 crossover ethernet cable.Simple Network Test Setup2. Power up both AWE units. Initially the LEDs should appear as follows.3. Configure the AWE units within your network. See Network Configuration, page 42 for information about AWE Internet addresses. See Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network, page 127 for information about configuring simple peer-to-peer networks.4. Create some network traffic to test the wireless link. For example, use ping or ftp put and get to transfer a large test files, in both directions, across the link. The Wire LED on the AWE indicates link file transfer activity to the wired LAN. When the file transfer is done, ftp displays the size of the file and the time it took to transfer the file. This information can be used to measure the data throughput of the wireless link, and is very useful for troubleshooting.Power LED GreenMode LED OffAir LED OrangeBase UnitPCLAN10/100 BaseT HUB10/100 BaseT CableDirect 10/100 BaseT Cable (Crossover)Cable connects toEthernet port(StraightThrough)Cable10/100 BaseTAir Mode Wire Power Air Mode Wire Power2 mminimum
Installation28 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide5. Test all units in the network.pingftpUsing ping and ftpFrom the command line prompt, type:C:> ping IP Address To connect to the node, from the DOS prompt, type:C:> ftp IP Address Example:ping 192.163.2.88Follow the instructions. ftp> help For instructions about using ftp, type "help" at the ftp prompt.
Install UnitsAPR 2001 Rev 03 29Install UnitsThis section provides some guidelines about installing units in the field.• Install the units at locations identified in the network plan.• Verify that there is no interference at the site by performing spectrum sweeps with a spectrum analyzer. Perform sweeps at various times of the day (for example, 9AM, noon, and 3 PM are peak telephone traffic times.) If there are problems, contact the network planner, who may need to change the system configuration or design.• Sweep antennas and cables with the Site Master® communications test set before securing antennas and cables to towers, while they are on the ground and easy to access. Sweeping helps to ensure that antennas and cables will operate as expected.• Initially install equipment with flexibility—do not tie down cables, antennas should be free to move, allow some slack in cables, avoid drilling and do not seal connections.• Align antennas. (Two people are required, one at the base station and one at the remote unit. When in the field, you may require binoculars and 2-way radios to communicate.) When aligning antennas, adjust the orientation of the remote antenna while running a link monitor test between the remote and the base station. Adjust the antenna until you achieve the highest fade margin with no bit errors (BER = 0). See Performing the RSSI Test, page 59 and Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode), page 54 for instructions. Repeat the antenna alignment procedure for each remote.• When antennas are aligned and cables are secured, sweep the antennas with the Site Master test set a final time before connecting to AWE.• Install ferrite blocks on all 10/100BaseT Ethernet cables at the end of the cable that plugs into the unit. See Performing Simple Network Tests, page 25.• Perform diagnostic tests on the installed system. Compare field results to bench test results using ping, ftp, fade margins, etc. Document your results (these results will be very useful when troubleshooting and monitoring the system’s performance).• When the system works as specified in the network plan, lock down and weatherproof all equipment and connnections.WARNINGAll antennas must be professionally installed following accepted safety, grounding, electrical, and civil engineering standards. An antenna (indoor or outdoor), dummy load, or terminator must be connected to the antenna port of a unit before a unit is powered up to avoid damaging the unit.
Installation30 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuidePoint-to-Multipoint InstallationThe procedure for installing a point-to-mulitpoint system is the same as the procedure for installing a point-to-point system. Treat each link in a point-to-multipoint system as a single, point-to-point wireless link.Co-Location InstallationWhen you install a system with sectors and co-located base stations (see Creating a Network with Cells, page 5 for an example), you install and test sectors as if they were point-to-point systems; however, in this case you must ensure that individual sectors are not interfering with each other.• Align and test the first sector. Measure the fade margin and run the link monitor test. Document your results, then turn off the radio in the first sector.• Align and test the second sector. Measure the fade margin and run the link monitor test. Leave the link monitor test running in the second sector.• Turn on the radio in the first sector again and run the continuous tranmit test. See Performing Transmit and Receive Tests, page 57.• Observe the BER and fade margin of the second sector radio. Look for changes to determine if the first sector is interfering with the second sector.• Repeat the tests for all sector/pair combinations.Test NetworkRun the link monitor test and other tests such as ping and ftp file transfers to verify network operation when the units are installed in the field. See Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode), page 54.Adding to a NetworkAlways add to your network one link or device at a time, working from a known base network. Measure and document changes to the system and changes in performance. For example, you can transfer files with ftp and measure the performance with LAN analyzer software. The key to a successful network is to proceed one step at a time and to understand your network!
Preventative Maintenance and MonitoringAPR 2001 Rev 03 31Network Test SetupPreventative Maintenanceand MonitoringYou should set up a preventative maintenance schedule for your network. Wi-LAN recommends that the following preventative maintenance be performed at least semi-annually. • Regularly run link monitor tests across the network and measure BER and fade margin. You can also test the network with ping, ftp and file transfers. Other resources are available on the Internet that can help you monitor the performance of your link.• If you have SNMP application software, you can check unit operation from a remote location. See Appendix D: SNMP, page 133 for more information.If you have SNMP application software, you can check unit operation remotely. See Appendix D: SNMP, page 133 for more information.You should periodically perform a physical inspection of each site. • Check that antennas and cables are secure and have not become loose. • Check for physical obstructions in the line-of-sight radio path, such as trees and buildings. • Sweep antennas and cables to ensure that antennas and cables are intact and operating properly. • Check that there are no water leaks in cabinets. • Check weatherproofing. • Check for new sources of electromagnetic interference.IndoorAntennaIndoorAntennaBase Unit Remote UnitLAN10/100 BaseT HUBPC with LAN analyzer softwarePCAir Mode Wire Power Air Mode Wire Power
Installation32 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
APR 2001 Rev 03 33ConfigurationOverviewThis section explains how to use the Main Menu to configure and test your AWE unit, and to obtain useful statistical and maintenance information.Main MenuIn this section, each item in the Main Menu is described in the order that it appears in the menu. See Appendix F: Menu Map, page 151 for a complete listing of submenus. Use the Main Menu and your keyboard keys to select, view or change settings. Some items in the menu simply display information, while others ask you to enter data or make a selection from a list.Main Menu Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Main Menu -> Unit Identification Hardware/Software Revision System Software ROM Images Current System Status Network Configuration IP Filter Configuration RF Station Configuration Radio Module Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics System Security System Commands Link Monitor Display Logout
Configuration34 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideAccessing the Main MenuYou can access the Main Menu of a AWE unit with a HyperTerminal® session (via the Serial port) or a telnet session. Most instructions provided in this chapter assume that you have opened a HyperTerminal session.You can also configure the AWE 120-58 remotely with the SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). See Appendix D: SNMP, page 133 for information about SNMP.Accessing the Main Menu with HyperTerminal®➧ To access the Main Menu with HyperTerminal1. Disconnect power from the AWE unit.2. Connect a serial cable from a DB9 serial port on the PC to the Serial port on the AWE. See Configuring a Base Station, page 16.3. Start Hyperterminal or other a terminal emulation program on the PC. See Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal.4. Set the terminal emulation program to emulate a VT100 terminal with the following settings.• COM port PC serial port connected to AWE unit• Bits per second: 9600• Data bits: 8• Parity: none• Stop bits: 1• Flow control: none5. Reconnect the power to the AWE unit.6. Press Enter. The Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed.7. Type a default password (user or supervisor) or type your personal password if already have one.The Main Menu is displayed.Login Account Default Password PrivilegesUser user Read OnlySupervisor supervisor Read and WriteWi-LAN AWE 120-58 LoginSoftware: Rev 0.0.0 (May 25 2000 10:13:37)Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash)Enter Password:
Accessing the Main MenuAPR 2001 Rev 03 35Accessing Units via telnet➧ To access units via telnet1. Ensure that the unit’s Internet IP address has been configured, the unit has a working Ethernet connection, and wire and remote access has been enabled (see Allowing Remote Access and Configuration, page 94).2. Ensure that the VT100 Arrows feature in your telnet session is enabled. See Setting VT100 Arrows, page 35.3. From the DOS prompt, typeC:>telnet <IP address> where <IP address> is the IP address of the unit that you want to configure.4. Press Enter. The Login menu is displayed.5. Type the default password (user or supervisor) or type your personal password.The Main Menu is displayed.Setting VT100 Arrows➧ To set the VT100 arrows in Microsoft telnet1. In the active Microsoft telnet 1.0 session, select Terminal, Preferences from the menu bar. The Terminal Preferences window is displayed.2. Click the VT100 Arrows checkbox.3. Click OK. The VT100 arrows are enabled in the telnet session. You can now use the keyboard arrow keys to navigate the configuration menus.Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 LoginSoftware: Rev 0.0.0 (Aug 25 2001 10:13:37)Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash)Enter Password:
Configuration36 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideConfiguring with the Main MenuThis section describes how to configure units with the Main Menu. Menu items are presented in the order they appear in the menu shown below.Main Menu Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Main Menu -> Unit Identification Hardware/Software Revision System Software ROM Images Current System Status Network Configuration IP Filter Configuration RF Station Configuration Radio Module Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics System Security System Commands Link Monitor Display LogoutHow to Use the Main Menu• To select an item from the Main Menu or a sub-menu, press the keyboard arrow keys to move the cursor –> next to the item. Press the Enter key to open the data entry field.• To scroll through items in the data entry field, press . Press to select an item from the field.• To exit from a menu, press the Esc key. EnterEnterEsc
Unit IdentificationAPR 2001 Rev 03 37Unit IdentificationViewing Unit IdentificationYou can view a unit’s serial number, production date, and MAC address with the Unit Identification menu. The fields are view only and are set at the factory. You can also view the Unit Name/Description, Unit Location, and Contact Name. These fields are optional and can be changed.➧ To view unit identification information1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification and press Enter. The Unit Identification menu is displayed. Serial Number Unique serial number of unit (Read Only)Production Date Date unit was produced (Read Only)Ethernet MAC Address Unique Internet MAC (Media Access Control) address of the unit (Read Only)Unit Name/Description Name of unit (optional)Unit Location Location of unit (optional)Contact Name Name of contact person (optional) Unit Identification Serial Number Serial-Number Production Date Jun 07 2000 Ethernet MAC Address 001030000000 Unit Name/Description -> System Name Unit Location System Location Contact Name System Manager's Name
Configuration38 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideAssigning Unit Identification InformationYou can assign a name, location, and contact name to units. This information will help you to distinguish units by physical location or by meaningful names rather than just station rank. Unit identification information is optional.➧ To assign or change unit identification information1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification and press Enter. The Unit Identification menu is displayed.2. Select Unit Name/Description and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type in a new name or description.4. Press Enter. The new name or description is displayed in the data field.5. Select Unit Location and press Enter. The data field highlights.6. Type the location of the unit.7. Press Enter. The new location appears in the data field.8. Select Contact Name and press Enter. The data field highlights.9. Type a contact or manager name.10. Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field.11. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Unit Identification Serial Number Serial-Number Production Date 01-01-2000 Ethernet MAC Address 001030040502 Unit Name/Description -> System Name Unit Location System Location Contact Name System Manager's Name
Hardware/Software RevisionAPR 2001 Rev 03 39Hardware/Software RevisionViewing System Revision InformationThe System Revision Information window shows the revision information of the unit including memory revision number, memory size, and software revision number. ➧ To view system revision information1. From the Main Menu, select Hardware/Software Revision and press Enter. The System Revision Information window is displayed. The menu is view only.2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Hardware Revision number of the unit, and the amount SDRAM and FLASH memory available in the unitROM Size Amount of Flash read-only memory in the unit = 4 MBRAM Size Amount of random-access memory in the unit = 4MBSoftware Revision number of the system image running on the unit, the date of the revision, and the size of the image file (in this example FACTORY-IMAGE is about 318 Kbytes)File Name File name of the system image running on the unit System Revision InformationHardware Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash)ROM Size 0x400000RAM Size 0x400000Software Rev 1.1.0 (Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 WEBII) Oct 26 2000 10:13:37 329868 BytesFile Name FACTORY-IMAGE
Configuration40 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSystem Software ROM ImagesViewing System Software ROM ImagesA ROM image is the software that a unit uses to operate. The System Software ROM Images window lists software images currently available in the unit. New images can be loaded into a unit’s Flash ROM from an outside source such as a PC. The example below shows that only the "Factory-Image" is available, however, in the future other images may be available. If required, you can obtain a new image file from the Wi-LAN web site and download it to your AWE unit–see Appendix G: Upgrading Software, page 153 for instructions. See Setting Default System Image, page 97 for instructions about selecting a default image.➧ To view system software ROM images1. From the Main Menu, select System Software ROM Images and press Enter. The System Software ROM Images window is displayed. The window is view only.2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.File Name Name(s) of system image file(s) stored in the unit. To add or delete images you must use ftp. See Appendix G: Upgrading Software, page 151Revision Revision number of the system image file. Each time the system image is modified, the revision number increases by 1 unit. For example, the first revision to the file would make the revision number 0.0.1Date Date image file was last revisedTime Time image file was last revisedSize Size of image file in bytesDefault Image Indicates which image file is the default. Default Image is used at power up. See Setting Default System Image, page 97 to modify default image System Software ROM Images File Name Revision Date Time Size Default Image-------------------- -------- ----------- -------- ------ -------------FACTORY-IMAGE 1.1.0 Aug 24 2001 10:13:37 306524 Current
System Current StatusAPR 2001 Rev 03 41System Current StatusViewing System Current StatusThe System Current Status window provides administration information such as the amount of time a unit has been running and login statistics.➧ To view system current status1. From the Main Menu, select System Current Status and press Enter. The System Current Status window is displayed. The window is view only.2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Cumulative Run-Time Number of hours the system has been running since it was manufacturedInformation is required for maintenance purposesCurrent Run-Time Time duration that has passed since the unit was last reset or power cycledSuccessful Logins Number of times that the configuration menus have been successfully accessedUnsuccessful Logins Number of times that access to the configuration menus has failedLocal User Logged In Access level of the user currently logged into the configuration menus via the RS-232Telnet User Logged In Access level of the user currently logged into the configuration menus via a telnet sessionFTP User Logged In Access level of the user currently logged into the host FTP server System Current Status Cumulative Run-Time Days: 0 Hours: 16 Current Run-Time Days: 0 00:38:38 Successful Logins 35 Unsuccessful Logins 1 Local User Logged In Supervisor Telnet User Logged In None FTP User Logged In None
Configuration42 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideNetwork ConfigurationEach AWE 120-58 unit in a system must have a valid Internet IP address and subnet mask to communicate via TCP/IP. You will need to know this information to remotely manage units.Viewing Internet IP Addresses and Subnet Mask➧ To view the Internet IP addresses and subnet mask1. From the Main Menu, select Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu is displayed.2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Internet IP Address IP address of unitNew Internet IP Address (Reboot Reqd)New IP address of unitRequired when changing IP addressInternet IP Subnet Mask Number used to determine if a node is part of LAN or whether a transmission must be handled by router (the subnet mask is logically ANDed with the IP address)Default Gateway IP Address(future)Address of the main entry point into the networkSNMP NMS Trap IP Address(future)NMS (network management system) trap address Collects alarms and events and passes them to the network administratorMAC Filter Entry Age Time MinutesNumber of minutes after which the MAC (Media Access Control) filter entry will expire Network Configuration Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100 New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) -> 192.168.1.100 Internet IP Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway IP Address 0.0.0.0 SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 0.0.0.0 MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes (1-60) 5
Network ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 43Setting the Internet IP Address➧ To set the new Internet IP address1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select New IP Address and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the unique Internet IP address for the unit.4. Press the Enter key. The new Internet IP address appears in the New IP Address (Reboot Reqd)field, but the old address remains in the upper field.5. To save the changes, reboot the unit or power the unit down and up.6. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Setting the IP Subnet Mask➧ To set the default IP subnet address1. From the Network Configuration menu, select Internet IP Subnet Mask and press Enter. The data field highlights.2. Type the Internet IP subnet mask for the unit.3. Press Enter. The Internet IP subnet mask appears in the field and is assigned to the unit.4. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Network Configuration Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100 New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) -> 192.168.1.100 Internet IP Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway IP Address 0.0.0.0 SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 0.0.0.0 MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes (1-60) 5
Configuration44 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSetting the Default Gateway IP Address (future)You can define the IP address of the system gateway. This address designates the main entry point into the network and is usually in the same subnetwork as the unit IP address.➧ To set the default gateway IP address1. From the Network Configuration menu, select Network Configuration. The Network Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Default Gateway IP Address and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the default gateway IP address for the unit.4. Press Enter. The default gateway IP address for the unit appears in the field.5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Setting the SNMP NMS Trap IP Address (future)The SNMP (System Network Management Protocol) NMS (Network Management System) Trap IP address identifies the IP address of the network manager. This address passes alarms or events from the unit to the network manager. The network manager can define the types of traps or alarms that will be forwarded to the IP address.➧ To set the SNMP NMS trap IP address1. From the Network Configuration menu, select SNMP NMS Trap IP Address and press Enter. The data field highlights.2. Type the SNMP NMS Trap IP address for the unit.3. Press Enter. The SNMP NMS Trap IP address appears in the entry field and is applied to the unit.4. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Setting the MAC Filter Entry Age Time MinutesThe MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes setting enables you to control the number of minutes after which the MAC (Media Access Control) filter will expire. This feature enables you to set the MAC time period of a unit to a value that is most compatible with the MAC time period of other devices on a network.➧ To set the MAC Filter minutes1. From the Network Configuration menu, select MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes and press Enter. The data field highlights.2. Type a value from 1–60 and press Enter. The number of minutes appears in the entry field and is applied to the unit.3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.
IP Filter ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 45IP Filter ConfigurationTwo different IP filters are available: a packet filter, and an address filter. The IP packet filter determines which type of packets are allowed to pass through a unit. If the IP Packet Filter is OFF, the unit passes all packets. If the IP Packet Filter is ON, the unit passes only IP and ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) packets. IP address filters are actually tables that contain lists of IP addresses. If an address is listed in the table, the unit will pass data packets to other IP addresses. If it is not listed, the unit will not pass data packets.When IP address filtering is enabled, all IP packet are sorted according to the following conditions: 1. If the source IP address is contained in one of the IP address lists, IP packets coming from the wire will be forwarded to the air. If not, IP packets are dropped.2. If the destination IP address is contained in one of the IP address lists, IP packets coming from the air will be forwarded to the wire. If not, IP packets are dropped.Each IP address filter is defined by a range and a base value. IP address filtering improves system security and helps manage data throughput.Viewing IP Filter Configuration➧ To view current IP filter configuration1. From the Main Menu, select IP Filter Configuration and press Enter. The IP Filter Configuration menu is displayed.IP Address Filter Tablexxx.xx.xx.xxxx.xx.xx.xxxx.xx.xx.xWireAirData packets pass onlyif the IP address islisted in the IP filter tableIPAddresses IP Filter Configuration IP Packet Filtering -> off IP Address Filtering off Filter 1 Range (0-255) 0 Filter 1 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 2 Range (0-255) 0 Filter 2 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 3 Range (0-255) 0 Filter 3 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 4 Range (0-255) 0 Filter 4 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 5 Range (0-255) 0 Filter 5 Base Address 0.0.0.0
Configuration46 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideExample: To configure a unit to pass only IP data packets from the IP addresses in the list below,you would configure the unit as follows:IP Packet Filteringoff (disabled) All packets are passedon (enabled) Only IP (Internet Protocol) packets and ARP packets can passIP Address Filteringoff (disabled) Packets from all IP addresses passon (enabled) Only packets whose IP addresses listed in at least one IP filter pass. Up to five IP filters are available; each filter lists up to 255 IP addressesFilter n Range n = 0–5 Defines how many contiguous IP addresses are in the filter’s list of addressesFilter n Base Addressn = lowest IP AddressLowest numbered address on the filter’s list of IP addresses192.168.2.10192.168.2.11192.168.2.12192.168.2.13194.120.3.51194.120.3.52194.120.3.254194.120.3.255194.120.4.0194.120.4.1IP Packet Filtering = onIP Address Filtering = onFilter 1 Range (0 - 255) = 4Filter 1 Base Address = 192.168.2.10Filter 2 Range (0 - 255) = 2Filter 2 Base Address = 194.120.3.51Filter 3 Range (0 - 255) = 4Filter 3 Base Address = 194.120.3.254
IP Filter ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 47Enabling IP Packet FilteringIP Packet filtering should initially be set to off so you can start from a known state and observe changes that result from using the IP packet filter.➧ To enable IP packet filtering1. From the IP Filter Configuration menu, select IP Packet Filtering and press Enter. The data field highlights.2. Scroll to on.3. Press Enter to make the change.4. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Enabling IP Address Filtering➧ To enable IP address filtering1. From the IP Filter Configuration menu, select IP Address Filtering and press Enter. The data field highlights.2. Scroll to on and press Enter.3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. IP Filter Configuration IP Packet Filtering -> off IP Address Filtering off Filter 1 Range (0-255) 0 Filter 1 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 2 Range (0-255) 0 Filter 2 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 3 Range (0-255) 0 Filter 3 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 4 Range (0-255) 0 Filter 4 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 5 Range (0-255) 0 Filter 5 Base Address 0.0.0.0
Configuration48 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSetting IP Address Filter Range➧ To set IP address filter range1. From the IP Filter Configuration menu, select Filter 1 Range (0 - 255) and press Enter. The data field highlights.2. Type in the number of contiguous addresses in the filter list (0 - 255) and press Enter.3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Setting the IP Filter Base Address➧ To set IP filter base address1. From the IP Filter Configuration menu, select Filter 1 Base Address and press Enter. The data field highlights.2. Type the IP address and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.
RF Station ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 49RF Station ConfigurationThe RF Station Configuration menu enables you to choose the operating mode, run some tests and optimize the RF link. Four tests can be run from this menu: link monitor test, transmit test, receive test and RSSI test. You can optimize a link by setting the maximum remote distance to a remote and by controlling the rate of data throughput (throttling). You can also block a unit so that it cannot pass any data.Viewing Current RF Station Configuration➧ To view current RF station configuration1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.Operating Mode Four modes are available: Normal Mode, Receive Test, Transmit Test, and RSSI TestRF Transmit Status Determines if data transmissions through the unit will be blocked or passedLink Monitor Period Period determines the amount of test data that is used to test the link. The smaller the number, the larger the amount of test data and test data overhead. A non-zero value starts the link monitor testTest Mode Timer MinutesMaximum time in minutes that a unit will be allowed to stay in test modeMaximum Remote DistanceDistance value compensates for polling delay due to large distancesLink Monitor Remote Station RankRank (or ID number) of the remote that you want to test RF Station Configuration Operating Mode -> Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0 Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable off Throttle Level (1-50) 1
Configuration50 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Throttle Enable Turns throttling (data throughput control) on or offThrottle Level Determines the data rate of a remote unit. When throttling is enabled, the data rate passed is equal to the throttling level times 128 kbps
RF Station ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 51Setting the Operating ModeFour modes are available: Normal Mode, Receive Test, Transmit Test, and RSSI Test.➧ To set the operating mode1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Press the arrow keys to select the desired mode: Normal mode, Transmit mode, Receive mode or RSSI mode.4. Press Enter. The screen clears, and the Mode LED on the unit is ON. The color of the Mode LED indicates the current mode: Normal Mode = off, Transmit Test = red, Receive Test = green and RSSI Test = orange.Normal Mode Normal operating mode of a unit. Unit transmits and receives data in both directions across the RF link.Link Monitor test is run with the unit set to Normal mode. (You can view the link statistics with Link Monitor Display.)Receive TestReceives test data only. Processes expected packet data and displays statistics on RS-232 monitor. Use this mode to test a unit’s ability to receive data.Transmit TestTransmits test data only. Sends known packet data to the receiving unit. Use this mode to test a unit’s abilty to transmit data.RSSI Test RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) test–indicates signal strength. Unit receives known data packets and displays fade margin data on the Air LED. Use this mode to get a quick visual indication of the signal strength. See Performing the RSSI Test, page 59 for more information. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode -> Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0 Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable off Throttle Level (1-50) 1
Configuration52 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide5. To exit a mode, briefly disconnect the power or press and hold the Mode button on the rear panel of the unit. The Mode LED goes off (normal mode) and the Login menu is displayed.Note: The operating mode can also be set with the Mode button on the back of the AWE. See Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button, page 102 for more information.General Equipment Setup for Performing RF TestsThe general equipment setup is shown below. The specific setup depends on the test you want to run.• To perform the Normal Mode (Link Monitor) test you need to connect a PC to either the base station or a remote unit.• To perform the Transmit Test or Receive Test you need at least one base station with PC, a remote station with PC, and an RF link between units. See Establishing a Basic RF Link, page 21 for instructions about establishing an RF link.• To perform the RSSI test you need a PC for the unit that will transmit. The receiving unit does not require a PC. You can also run this test with the Mode button.General Equipment SetupBefore you run any tests, you should set the number of test minutes, as descibed below in Setting Test Mode Timer Minutes, page 53.Base Unit Remote UnitPC PCRS-232SerialCableRS-232SerialCableCOMPortCOMPortAir Mode Wire PowerAir Mode Wire PowerTo Serial PortTo Serial Port2 mminimum
RF Station ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 53Setting Test Mode Timer MinutesBefore you run any of these tests, you should set the maximum time, in minutes, that a unit will be allowed to stay in test mode. When this time period expires, the AWE unit performs an automatic software reboot and returns to Normal mode. (Test mode timer minutes setting applies only to Transmit Test, Receive Test, and RSSI Test modes.)Note: The test mode timer minutes can be changed only with this menu. This time period does not apply to Normal mode or the Link Monitor test. See Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button, page 102.➧ To set test mode timer minutes1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Test Mode Timer Minutes and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the desired time in minutes (1-1000). (20 minutes is a suggested starting value.)4. Press Enter.5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0 Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) -> 20 Base Station Only ParametersMaximum Remote Distance 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable off Throttle Level (1-50) 1
Configuration54 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuidePerforming Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode)The link monitor test can be run from either a base station or a remote unit that is set to Normal Mode. The test operates in parallel with the message stream, so it consumes some of the link’s total data capacity. You can control the ratio of test data to message data (and thereby control the amount of test data overhead) by setting the link monitor period. See Setting the Link Monitor Period, page 61 for more information.Note: Link monitor test stays in effect even if you power cycle or reboot units, so you must turn it off using the Link Monitor Period (0 = OFF) setting.➧ To perform Link Monitor test from a base station1. Connect the test PC to the Serial port of the base station. See General Equipment Setup for Performing RF Tests, page 52.2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu.3. Select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.4. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The data field highlights.5. Press the arrow keys to select Normal mode and press Enter.6. Select RF Transmit Status and press Enter. The data field highlights.7. Press the arrow keys to select unblocked and press Enter.8. Select Link Monitor Remote Station Rank and press Enter. The data field highlights.9. Type the rank of the remote unit that you want to link to and press Enter. (The rank is the identification number of the remote unit. The rank of a remote can be any number from 1 – 1000. See Setting the Station Rank, page 69.)10. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The data field highlights.11. Type a link monitor period (1) and press Enter. Link Monitor starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered in the field. (A setting of 1 means that 50% of all data is test data.) RF Station Configuration Operating Mode -> Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0 Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable off Throttle Level (1-50) 1
RF Station ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 5512. View the link statistics. From the Main Menu select Link Monitor Display and press Enter. The RF Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed.13. Check for BER = 0.0E+00 and Corr Power between 15 – 50 dB. If the Corr Power is <15 dB the receive signal is probably too weak. If the power is >55 dB the receiving unit is probably saturated. See Viewing Link Monitor Statistics, page 101 for more information about Link Monitor Statistics.If you have problems, ensure that the unit is configured to its basic default settings (see Restoring Factory Configurations, page 99) and reconfigure the unit, or contact Wi-LAN Technical Assistance Center.14. When finished viewing link monitor statistics, disable Link Monitor to remove the test overhead data from the RF link. Select RF Station Configuration from the Main Menu and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.15. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The field is highlighted.16. Type 0 in the field and press Enter. The link monitor test ends.17. Press Esc to exit.➧ To perform Link Monitor test from a remote unit1. Connect the test PC to the Serial port of the remote unit. See General Equipment Setup for Performing RF Tests, page 52.2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu. RF Link Monitor Statistics Link Monitor Rank 1 Base to Remote BER 0.0E+00 Remote to Base BER 0.0E+00 Missed Packet Count 0 Base to Remote Env Power 27 Base to Remote Corr Power 28 Remote to Base Env Power 29 Remote to Base Corr Power 30
Configuration56 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide3. Select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.4. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The data field highlights.5. Press the arrow keys to select Normal mode and press Enter.6. Select RF Transmit Status and press Enter. The data field highlights.7. Press the arrow keys to select unblocked and press Enter.8. Select Link Monitor Remote Station Rank and press Enter. The data field highlights and the remote automatically connects with the base station. 9. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The data field highlights.10. Type a link monitor period (1) and press Enter. Link Monitor starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered in the field. (A setting of 1 means that 50% of all data is test data.)11. View the link statistics. From the Main Menu select Link Monitor Display and press Enter. The RF Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed.12. Check for BER = 0.0E+00 and Corr Power between 15 – 50 dB. If the Corr Power is <15 dB the receive signal is probably too weak. If the power is >55 dB the receiving unit is probably saturated. See Viewing Link Monitor Statistics, page 101 for more information about Link Monitor Statistics. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode -> Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0 Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable off Throttle Level (1-50) 1 RF Link Monitor Statistics Link Monitor Rank 1 Base to Remote BER 0.0E+00 Remote to Base BER 0.0E+00 Missed Packet Count 0 Base to Remote Env Power 27 Base to Remote Corr Power 28 Remote to Base Env Power 29 Remote to Base Corr Power 30
RF Station ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 57If you have problems, ensure that the unit is configured to its basic default settings (see Restoring Factory Configurations, page 99) and reconfigure the unit or contact Wi-LAN customer support.13. When you finish viewing link monitor statistics, disable Link Monitor to remove the test overhead data from the RF link. Select RF Station Configuration from the Main Menu and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.14. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The field is highlighted.15. Type 0 in the field and press Enter. The link monitor test ends.16. Press Esc to exit.Note: When testing, it is possible to run the link monitor in both directions over one link by enabling link monitor on the base and the remote at the same time. This situation should be avoided during normal operation because it causes needless overhead.Performing Transmit and Receive TestsWhen performing transmit or receive tests, one unit is set up to operate in Transmit Test mode and the other unit is set up to operate in Receive Test mode. The transmitting unit sends packets of known data to the receiving unit. The receiving unit analyzes the data and displays link statistics on the PC connected to the Serial port.➧ To set up the transmit unit1. Connect a PC to the Serial port of the unit.2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu.3. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.4. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The field highlights.5. Select Transmit Test and press Enter. The Mode LED on the unit is red, indicating that the unit is transmitting.➧ To set up the receive unit1. Connect a PC to the Serial port of the unit.2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu.3. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.4. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The field highlights.5. Select Receive Test and press Enter. The Mode LED on the turns green, indicating that the unit is receiving. The link statistics are displayed on the receiving unit. Alternating lines of statistics across the screen indicate that data is incoming. See the following example.
Configuration58 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideLink Statistics Example6. Check for BER = 0.0E+00 and CorrP between 15 – 50 dB. If the CorrP is <15 dB the receive signal is probably too weak. If the power is >55 dB the receiving unit is probably saturated. If you have problems ensure that the unit is configured to its basic default settings (see Restoring Factory Configurations, page 99) and reconfigure the unit, or contact Wi-LAN customer support.7. To end the test, briefly disconnect power from the unit or press and hold the Mode button to return to Normal mode.BER Bit Error RateMPC Missed Packet CountEnvP Envelope Power—the power of the received signal inlcuding noise, measured in dB (0–63)CorrP Correlation Power—the power of the received signal, excluding noise, measured in dB (0–63)- BER = 0.0E+00, MPC = 0, EnvP = 63, CorrP = 63| BER = 0.0E+00, MPC = 0, EnvP = 63, CorrP = 63Bit Error Rate MissedPacketCountEnvelope Power Correlation PowerPreviousSampleCurrentSample
RF Station ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 59Performing the RSSI TestRSSI mode is used to measure the signal strength (fade margin) of a system. When running the test between two units, the transmit unit is set to Transmit Test mode (using either the RF Station Configuration menu or the Mode button). The receive unit is put into RSSI Test mode (using either the RF Station Configuration menu or the Mode button). The Air LED on the receiving unit indicates the fade margin.➧ To run the RSSI test1. Put the receiving unit into RSSI mode. See Setting the Operating Mode, page 51 or Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button, page 102. The Mode LED is orange when the unit is in RSSI mode.2. Put the transmiting unit into Transmit Test mode. The Mode LED on the unit is red, indicating that the unit is in transmit mode. See Setting the Operating Mode, page 51 or Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button, page 102.3. Observe the color of the Air LED on the receiving unit. The Air LED is green when the signal strength is acceptable.4. To exit from the test, briefly disconnect power from the unit or press and hold the Mode button to return to Normal mode.Air LED Color Signal StrengthGreen Reliable signal—greater than 15 dB fade marginOrange Marginal signal—between 11 and 15 dB fade marginRed Poor signal—less than 10 dB fade marginBlank No signal at all
Configuration60 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSetting the RF Transmit StatusThis setting can block a unit (or link) from carrying data traffic. It is used to disable units and to discontinue service to customers, if necessary.➧ To set RF transmit status1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select RF Transmit Status and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Select a setting.4. Press Enter.5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.unblocked Unit passes data in both directions (default setting)blocked Does not pass data in either direction RF Station Configuration Operating Mode Normal Mode RF Transmit Status -> unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0 Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable off Throttle Level (1-50) 1
RF Station ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 61Setting the Link Monitor PeriodThe Link Monitor Period determines the ratio of test data to message data that is sent when you run the link monitor test. The higher the period number, the smaller the ratio of test data to message data. The following diagram shows the ratios of test data to link dataLink Monitor Period SettingsSee Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode), page 54 for information about running the Link Monitor test. ➧ To set Link Monitor Period1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the period setting (0=OFF, 1-10000)4. Press Enter. The test starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered.5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Period SettingTest Msg123Test Msg MsgTest Msg Msg Msg50% (1/2)33.3% (1/3)25% (1/4) Packet Ratio(Test/Link) Test = test dataMsg = message data RF Station Configuration Operating Mode Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) -> 1 Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable off Throttle Level (1-50) 1
Configuration62 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSetting Maximum Remote Distance (Base Station Only)The Maximum Remote Distance setting is used to optimize dynamic polling by compensating for time delays caused by long distances between the sending unit and the receiving unit.➧ To set the maximum remote distance1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Maximum Remote Distance and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Press the arrow keys to set the distance of the furthest remote unit (5 km increments are used).4. Press Enter.5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.IMPORTANTIn the base unit, the Maximum Remote Distance should always be set to the distance between the base and the farthest remote. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0 Test Mode Timer (1-1000)mins 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance -> 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable off Throttle Level (1-50) 1
RF Station ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 63Setting Link Monitor Remote Station RankWhen you run the Link Monitor Test from a base station, you need to specify the rank (ID number) of the remote that you want to test. When you run the link monitor test from a remote, there is only one base, so the rank number does not need to be entered.➧ To set the link monitor remote station rank1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Link Monitor Remote Station Rank and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the station rank (ID#) of the remote to test.4. Press Enter.5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0-OFF, 1-10000) 0 Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank -> 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable off Throttle Level (1-50) 1
Configuration64 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideAdjusting Throttling (Remote Station Only)Throttling enables you to control the rate that data passes though a remote, so data throughput can be adjusted to make the data rate compatible with the rest of the system. Throttling restricts the flow of data from air to wire or from wire to air. When throttling is enabled, the amount of data passed is equal to the throttling level times 128 kbps, to a maximum of 6.4 Mbps. Throttling applies to both down link and up link traffic, so a throttle level of 1 means the unit will pass 128 kbps in each direction. A throttle level of 50 means that 50 x 128 kbps will be passed. When throttling is disabled, the unit uses the maximum available bandwidth. The default setting is to disable throttling.➧ To enable throttling1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Throttle Enable and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Scroll to select on or off, and press Enter.4. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.➧ To set the throttle level1. Set Throttle Enable to on, then select Throttle Level from the RF Conguration menu and press Enter. The data field highlights.2. Type a value from 1–50 to select the data throughput rate (where 1 = 1 x 128 kbps, 50 = 50 x 128 kbps) and press Enter.3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode Normal Mode RF Transmit Status unblocked Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) 0 Test Mode Timer (1-1000)mins 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance 5 Km Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable -> off Throttle Level (1-50) 1
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 65Radio Module ConfigurationThe Radio Module Configuration menu is used to change several key parameters, including station type, station rank, and security passwords. Because these settings can affect service, they are changed in three progessive stages: new, current, and flash. (New and current are for temporary storage, while flash is for long-term storage.) The general procedure for changing settings with the Radio Module Configuration menu follows.1. View the current Radio Module Configuration menu. See Viewing the Radio Module Configuration, page 65.2. Select Config Test Minutes. To begin, enter a time of 15–20 minutes. See Setting Config Test Minutes, page 67. 3. Select a parameter and, if necessary, change the value in the "New" column.4. After making changes, select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the "New" settings become the "Current" settings of the unit. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 5. If the unit operates as expected, you can save the current settings to "Flash". See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. If current settings do not operate as expected, do not save them to "Flash". Either change the current settings or wait for the Config Test Minutes time period to expire. At expiry, the unit will automatically reboot and revert to the last-saved flash memory settings. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84.Viewing the Radio Module Configuration➧ To view the current radio module configuration1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Configuration66 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Station Type Defines unit as either a base station or a remote stationStation Rank For a base station, the number of remotes that the base pollsFor a remote, the polling ID # of the remoteCenter Frequency Defines the channel the unit uses to transmit and receiveSecurity Password nPassword(s) for the unitScrambling Code Code used to scramble messagesAcquisition Code Code used to reduce system-induced interferance in a multi-sector systemConfig Test Minutes Amount of time before unit returns to its pre-configuration stateTx Power Level Adjust Reduces the power below maximum Tx power by the specified amount in dB.Repeater Mode Sets up a base station to pass data to and from remotes rather than function as a control unitSystem Symmetry Type Defines the amount of priority the base unit has when polling the remotesDynamic Polling Level Number of polling cycles that inactive remote units are ignored by the base stationRemote Unit RF Group Identifies the goup number of the remote unitRemote units with same RF group number can communicate directly with each otherReboot new RF configurationReboots unit to save New settings as Current settingsSave Current Configto FlashStores current settings in flash memory
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 67Setting Config Test MinutesWhen changing Radio Module Configuration settings, you may enter settings that cause a unit or system to not function as expected. If this happens, you can return to the last-saved settings if you first set the Config Test Minutes test period. When this test period expires, the unit automatically reboots and returns to its last-saved flash memory settings. The time period can be fixed from 1 to 120 minutes. Tip: To begin, enter a time period of 30 minutes. If the time period is too short, you will not have enough time to make configuration changes and save them to flash ROM. If the time period is long, you will have to wait a long time before the unit automatically reboots and restores the settings to the original flash ROM state.➧ To set the config test timeout period1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Config Test Minutes and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the number of minutes (1-120) and press Enter. The number of minutes is stored in the New state.4. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit will now use the current settings to operate, for the length of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 5. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 6. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 0 0 0Config Test Minutes (1-120) -> 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Configuration68 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSetting the Station TypeEach unit must be set up as either a base station or a remote station. In a given system there is only one base station, but there can be numerous remote stations. (A base station can also be set up as a repeater base.) You define the unit as a base station or remote unit by setting the Station Type.➧ To set the station type1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Station Type and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Scroll to select the Station Type (base station or remote unit).4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column.5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" station type for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 69Setting the Station RankStation Rank is defined two different ways, which depend on the station type: For a base station, rank is the total number of remotes that a base will poll. For a remote unit, rank is a unique polling ID number that identifies a remote to a base station.When it polls remotes, the base station begins polling at the remote with rank number 1, then proceeds to the remote with rank number 2, then goes to the remote with rank number 3, and so on. The base continues polling remotes until it reaches the remote with the highest rank number. The base then repeats the polling cycle.Note: Dynamic polling gives you some control over the polling process. See Setting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only), page 80. ➧ To set the station rank1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Station Rank (1-1000).3. Type the rank (a number from 1–1000) of the station.4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column.5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" rank for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) -> 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Configuration70 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSetting the Center FrequencyA center frequency defines the RF channel that a unit uses to transmit and receive. The AWE 120-58 can operate at a center frequency ranging from 5.7410 GHz to 5.8338 GHz, in 400 kHz steps. All units in the same system must be set to the same center frequency. If you plan to co-locate AWE 120-58 systems, you will need to use more than one center frequency.You will choose center frequencies that are well-separated from each other. The following section Choosing Center Frequencies explains how to choose center frequencies. Choosing Center FrequenciesA simplified diagram of the spectrum around a center frequency (when transmitting) is shown below. Only the 33 MHz data region of the 66 MHz spectrum contains data; the remaining 16 MHz side lobes contain no useful information (frequency ranges given are approximate).The side lobes operate at a much lower power than the data region. If only one center frequency is required, simply choose a frequency between 5.7410 GHz and 5.8338 GHz (in 400 kHz increments). You will probably choose a center frequency where the 5.8 GHz ISM band is cleanest, meaning a frequency where no other people are transmitting.If two or more AWE 120-58 systems must be co-located, center frequencies are selected that have as much separation as possible so different systems do not interfere with each other. It is very important that the 33 MHz data regions of adjacent systems do not overlap. System performance is also better if the side lobes of one system do not overlap the data region of another system. It does not matter if the side-lobes of two systems overlap. 16 MHz16 MHz 33 MHzCenter Frequency66 MHzDataSideSideCenter Frequency SpectrumLobeLobeRegion5.7410 GHz 5.8338 GHz
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 71 Some examples of center frequency separation and performance ratings are provided below.These examples show that there is no benefit to separating the center frequencies of adjacent systems by more than 66 MHz. 48 MHz of center frequency separation is more than adequate in most cases. Separation of 33MHz is adequate for strong RF links, but weak signals will be degraded by the overlap of the side-lobes into the data region. Overlapping of data regions is not recommended and will cause problems. The following diagram shows seven different center frequencies in the 5.8 GHz ISM band that are spaced as far apart as possible. If you wish, you can choose your center frequencies from these sample schemes. Three co-located system could use the A,D and G center frequencies. Frequencies B, D and F would probably work equally as well. Four co-located systems could use the A, C, E and G frequencies. Having more than four co-located systems would require careful radio network planning to ensure the proper operation of each system. Excellent GoodFair Poor5.72505.74105.75625.77185.78745.78035.81825.83385.8500Center Frequency (GHz)3 Systems4 SystemsABCDEFGSample Center Frequency Schemes for Co-located Systems2 Systems1 System Choose any two center frequenciesChoose any one center frequency
Configuration72 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide➧ To set the center frequency1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Center Frequency and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the value of the RF center frequency. The value can range from 57410 GHz to 53338 GHz in steps of 400 kHz. (Numbers are automatically rounded down to the nearest step.) All units in a system must have the same center frequency.4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column.5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" center frequency for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) -> 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 73Setting Security PasswordsPasswords are always exchanged between units when they communicate with each other. A set of five security passwords is assigned to each unit. The set of passwords must be exactly the same for all units in a system. (A convenient, but non-secure option is to set all passwords to "0".) The more password levels you use, the greater the security of your system. For example, using a set of five different passwords will result in a highly secure system. All units in the same network must use the same set of security passwords.➧ To set security passwords1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Security Password 1 and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Enter a password in Hex code and press Enter. The password is stored in the New state.4. Select Security Password 2 and press Enter. The data field highlights.5. Enter a different password in Hex code and press Enter. The password is stored in the New state.6. Repeat this process until you complete all five password levels.7. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" set of passwords for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.8. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 9. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) -> 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Configuration74 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSetting the Scrambling CodeTo protect the privacy of a wireless link, units can scramble messages—the message content is rearranged so that messages are difficult to read by unintended receivers. The scrambling code determines how messages are scrambled by a unit. Only units with the same scrambling code as the originating unit can de-scramble and read the message. The scrambling code can be 0-32 bits long. All units in the same wireless network must have this setting set to the same value.➧ To set scrambling codes1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Scrambling Code and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the code (hexidecimal number).4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column.5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" scrambling code for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) -> 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 75Setting the Acquisition CodeAn acquisition code is a unique code contained within the preamble of a transmitted message. Units search the air for messages that begin with a particular acquisition code. Messages without the correct code are treated as interference and are rejected by a unit. Messages with the correct code are accepted and processed. Acquisition codes serve to isolate units from each other, especially when several units operate in close proximity or at the same frequency in a multiple-sector or multi-cell environment. All units in the same network must have the same acquisition code in order to communicate with each other.➧ To set the acquisition code1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Acquisition Code and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the Acquisition code (0-15).4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column.5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" acquisition code for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) -> 0 0 0Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Configuration76 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideAdjusting the Tx Power LevelTx Power Level Adjust enables you to reduce the transmit power output level by up to 31 dB. For example, selecting a value of 0 sets the transmit power to maximum power, while selecting a value of –31 sets the transmit power to 31 dB below maximum power.➧ To adjust the Tx power output level1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Tx Power Level Adjust and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Scroll through the list and press Enter to select a power attenuation level. Choose a value between 0 and –31, where 0 means no Tx power attenuation and –31 means Tx power is attenuated by 31 dB.4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column.5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" acquisition code for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 0 0 0Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust -> 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 77Setting a Base to Repeater Mode (Base Station Only)When repeater mode is enabled at a base station (Repeater Mode = on), the base acts as a repeater in addition to performing its normal base station functions. As a repeater, the base station receives incoming messages from remotes, stores them and broadcasts them to all remotes within RF range. Remotes belonging to the same RF group (with the same RF Group number) can communicate via the repeater. (See Setting Remote Unit RF Group, page 81 for information about RF groups.) The diagram below expains the process.Repeater ModeWhen repeater mode is disabled (Repeater Mode = off), the base station functions normally (it polls remotes and links the various segments of the network). By definition, Repeater Mode does not apply to units of RF Group = 0.Wired NetworkWired NetworkRemoteWired NetworkRemoteRF Group nWired NetworkMessage is sent fromoriginating remoteRank = 4Message is storedand broadcastto all remotes inMessage isreceived bydestination remote123n = 1– 63RF Group nn = 1–63RF Group nn = 1– 63RF Group nn = 1– 63BaseRemoteRemoteRank = 1Rank = 2 Rank = 4Rank = 3(number of remote units)RF Group nRepeater Mode = on(ID # of remote)(ID # of remote) (ID # of remote)(ID # of remote)
Configuration78 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide➧ To set base to repeater mode1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Repeater Mode and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Scroll to select the desired setting where:4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column.5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" repeater mode for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.off Base unit does not re-transmit messagesDefault settingon Base unit re-transmits messages received from one remote to other remotes in the same RF group Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 0 0 0Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode -> off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 79Setting System Symmetry Type (Base Station Only)System symmetry type fixes the priority of the base unit when it polls remotes. The default "asymmetric" setting alots the base one time slot for each time a remote is polled—this setting is useful when the base is the access point to a large network. The "symmetric" setting alots the base one time slot per polling cycle. A symmetric system gives the base station the same polling priority as a remote unit.➧ To set system symmetry type1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select System Symmetry Type and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Scroll to the desired setting where:4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column.5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" symmetry type for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.asymmetric Base unit has higher priority than remotes: the base unit has one time slot after every remote time slotDefault settingsymmetric Base unit has the same priority as all remotes: the base unit has one time slot for every polling cycle Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 0 0 0Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type -> Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Configuration80 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSetting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only)Dynamic polling improves system performance by reducing overhead due to idle remote units. A base station automatically learns which remote stations are active and which are idle. The base station waits a brief time period for a remote to respond to a poll. If the remote doesn’t respond within the time period, the base considers the remote to be idle. (This process is called dynamic time allocation or DTA.) Idle remote units are ignored by the base station for the number of polling rounds entered in the Dynamic Polling Level field. The higher the dynamic polling level, the more efficient the throughput and the longer it takes to move a subscriber from an inactive state to an active state. Dynamic Polling improves system performance whenever there is more than one remote. When there are a large number of remotes system performance improves significantly.Note: Polling level is set only at the base station.➧ To set the dynamic polling level1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed.1. Select Dynamic Polling Level and press Enter. The data field highlights.2. Type the desired polling level (1-60).3. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column.4. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" dynamic polling level for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.5. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 6. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 0 0 0Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) -> 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 81Setting Remote Unit RF GroupThe RF Group setting enables you to determine which units in a system can communicate with each other. For example, in a system consisting of a base station and associated remotes, you can: 1) assign units to different groups so that only members of the same group can communicate with each other and the base (an open system); 2) isolate remotes so they cannot talk to other remotes, but can talk only to the base (a closed system); 3) assign remote units to groups and configure the base station as a repeater (a closed system); and 4) combine closed units with open units in the same system. These configurations are explained below.Remote units with the same RF group number (RF Group = 1– 63) can communicate directly with each other and with the base station (if there is a line-of-sight RF path between units and base station Repeater Mode = off.) An example is a company where the Human Resources department needs direct access to the Payroll department, but the two departments must be isolated from other departments. Since HR and Payroll are in the same RF group 14, they can talk directly to each other, but they cannot talk directly to other groups such as R&D, which belongs to RF Group 20.Example 1: Open SystemRemote units configured as RF Group = 0 are independent, closed units. Closed units cannot talk directly to each other, they can only talk directly to the base station. This setup acts to isolate remote units and the associated LANs from each other. Example 2 shows a situation where independent companies are connected wirelessly to a single base station and communication between the companies is prevented.Example 2: Closed SystemRF Group = 14BaseRemoteRF Group = 14RemoteRepeaterMode = offRF Group = 20RemoteRF Group = nn = 1 – 63Human ResourcesPayrollR&DRemoteRF Group = 0RF Group = 0RemoteBaseRepeaterMode = offRemoteRF Group = 0RF Group = 0Company 3Company 2Company 1
Configuration82 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideA repeater is used to bypass obstacles that block the RF path (for example, a mountain). When a base station is set to repeater mode (Repeater Mode = on), it can pass data from remotes in an RF group to other remotes in the same group. A system with a repeater is a closed system. Example 3 shows a repeater with four remotes. All the remotes are in the same RF Group 4, so they can talk to each other via the repeater base.Example 3: Repeater Configuration (Closed System)Closed remote units (RF Group = 0) can be combined with open remote units (RF Group = non-zero) within the same system. In this case each group in the system behaves according to its RF Group characteristics: closed remotes could communicate only with the base, remotes with the same (non-zero) group number could communicate with each other, and remotes with different (non-zero) group numbers could not communicate with each other. A base or repeater would not pass packets originating from a closed remote.The following table summarizes the first three situations.In a mixed system, each RF group behaves according to the RF Group charactersitics assigned to it (0 = closed , 1–63 = open; same non-zero group number = communication, different non-zero group number = no communication).Repeater Mode (Base only)RF Group(Remote only)SystemType System CharacteristicsRepeater Mode = off1–63 Open Remotes can communicate directly with the base and each other if remotes that have the same non-zero RF group number (if a LOS RF path can be established)Repeater Mode = off0 Closed Remotes can communicate only with the base station—they cannot talk to each otherRepeater Mode = on1–63 Closed Remotes cannot communicate directly with each other, they can only communicate via the repeater base with other remotes that have the same RF group numberClosedRemote RemoteBaseSystemRepeaterMode = onRF Group = 4RF Group = 4RemoteRF Group = 4RemoteRF Group = 4 n = 1 – 63 n = 1 – 63 n = 1 – 63 n = 1 – 63MountainNo direct communcation possible due to obstacle
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 83➧ To set remote unit RF group1. From the Main Menu, select RF Module Configuration and press Enter. The g menu is displayed.2. Select Remote Unit RF Group and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. In the Remote Unit RF Group entry field, type the RF group number, using the following table as a guide.4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column.5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" remote unit RF group for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes.6. To save the current setting(s) to FLASH, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) -> 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Configuration84 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideRebooting and Saving RF Module ConfigurationsBecause changes to radio module configuration settings can affect service in a wireless system, changes are made in three progessive stages: new, current, and flash.A reboot of a unit is required to save New settings as Current settings. If Current settings are valid (and do not disrupt the system), they can be saved to Flash memory. If the changes disrupt the system, the original configuration will be restored automatically when the Config Test Minutes period expires.➧ To reboot a unit1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Reboot New RF configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots with the with new settings and with the Config Test Minutes timeout period in effect. The new settings can be viewed in the "Current" column of the Radio Module Configuration menu. The old, last-saved configuration remains in Flash memory. If the configuration is the one you want and the unit operates as intended, you can save the current changes to "permanent" flash memory by selecting Save Current Config to Flash from the Radio Module Configuration menu. When you save the current settings to "Flash" the new settings overwrite the old flash memory settings.New Intended configuration changes. Temporary memory storage.Current Configuration actually running on the unit. Temporary memory storage.Flash Configuration stored in FLASH memory. Long-term memory storage. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration -> Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash Press Enter to Execute
Radio Module ConfigurationAPR 2001 Rev 03 85➧ To save current configuration to FLASH1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed.2. Select Save Current Config to Flash.3. Press Enter. The current configuration is saved to flash memory. A reboot is not required. The new flash memory values are displayed in the "Flash" column of the Radio Module Configuration menu. Radio Module Configuration New Current FlashStation Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Remote UnitStation Rank (1-1000) 1 1 1Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHzSecurity Password 1 (Hex) 1 1 1Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 10Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 100Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 1000Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 10000Scrambling Code (Hex) 0 0 0Acquisition Code (0-15) 1 1 1Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 30Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB 0 dBBase Station Only ParametersRepeater Mode off off offSystem Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric AsymmetricDynamic Polling Level (1-100) 1 1 1Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group (0-63) 0 0 0Reboot New RF configuration Press Enter to ExecuteSave Current Config to Flash -> Press Enter to Execute
Configuration86 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideRF/Ethernet StatisticsEthernet and RF statistics are useful for troubleshooting, monitoring link performance, and measuring throughput. Ethernet and RF statistics are cumulative and increment until reset. The window is view only. See Resetting Radio and Ethernet Statistics, page 100 for information about resetting RF/Ethernet statistics.Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics➧ To view RF and Ethernet statistics1. From the Main Menu, select RF/Ethernet Statistics and press Enter. The RF/Ethernet Statistics window is displayed. The window is view only. RF/Ethernet StatisticsEthernet Receive Statistics Ethernet Transmit StatisticsTotal Packets Received 0 Total Packets Transmitted 0Packets For Local Host 0 Packets From Local Host 0Receive Errors 0 Packets Dropped 0Packets Dropped 0 Total KBytes Transmitted 0Packets Discarded 0 Broadcast KBytes Transmitted 0Total KBytes Received 0Broadcast KBytes Received 0RF Receive Statistics RF Transmit StatisticsTotal Packets Received 0 Total Packets Transmitted 0Packets For Local Host 0 Frames From Local Host 0Packets Dropped 0 Packets Dropped 0Packets Discarded 0RF Super Frame Rx Statistics RF Super Frame Tx StatisticsSuper Frames Received 0 Super Frames Transmitted 0Receive Overrun Errors 0Frame Control Word Errors 0Header Checksum Errors 0 Throughput StatisticsPacket Control Word Errors 0 Ethernet-to-RF Throughput 0Super Frame Length Errors 0 RF-to-Ethernet Throughput 0
RF/Ethernet StatisticsAPR 2001 Rev 03 87.Ethernet ReceiveTotal Packets Received Number of Ethernet packets from the Ethernet connectionPackets For Local Host Number of Ethernet packets received from the Ethernet connection which were destined for the AWE 120-58 unit’s TCP/IP stackReceive Errors Number of Ethernet packets received with errors, for example, runt (smaller than 64 bytes), jabber (larger than 1518 bytes), or overflow errorPackets Dropped Number of Ethernet packets dropped because the wireless link is at capacityPackets Discarded Number of Ethernet packets discarded as the result of filteringTotal KBytes Received Total number of kbytes received from the Ethernet port (broadcast and non-broadcast packets)Broadcast KBytes ReceivedNumber of kbytes received from the Ethernet port (broadcast packets only)RF ReceiveTotal Packets Received Number of Ethernet packets received over RFPackets For Local Host Number of Ethernet packets received over RF and destined for the local hostPackets Dropped Number of Ethernet packets dropped because the wireless link is at capacityPackets Discarded Number of Ethernet packets discarded as the result of filteringRF Super Frame RxSuper Frames Received Number of super frames receivedReceive Overrun Errors Number of errors caused by receive buffer overrunFrame Control Word ErrorsNumber of errors caused by frame control word problemsHeader Checksum Word ErrorsNumber of errors caused by receiving an invalid header checksumPacket Control Word ErrorsNumber of errors caused by packet control word problemsSuper Frame Length ErrorsNumber of errors caused by receiving an invalid super frame length
Configuration88 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Ethernet TransmitTotal Packets TransmittedNumber of Ethernet packets transmitted onto the Ethernet connectionPackets From Local HostNumber of Ethernet packets transmitted onto the Ethernet connection which originated from the AWE unit’s TCP/IP stackPackets Dropped Number of Ethernet packets not transmitted due to some error, for example, unable to transmit within 15 retries or underflow errorTotal KBytes TransmittedTotal number of kbytes transmitted from the Ethernet port (broadcast and non-broadcast packets)Broadcast KBytes TransmittedNumber of kbytes transmitted from the Ethernet port (broadcast packets only)RF TransmitTotal Packets TransmittedNumber of Ethernet packets transmitted over RFFrames From Local Host Number of Ethernet packets transmitted to RF from the local hostPackets Dropped Number of packets dropped because of RF problemsRF S. F. TxSuper Frames TransmittedNumber of super frames transmittedThroughputEthernet-to-RF ThroughputCurrent data rate measured from wire to airResolution = 1 secondRF-to-Ethernet ThroughputCurrent data rate measured from air to wireResolution = 1 second
System SecurityAPR 2001 Rev 03 89System SecurityThe System Security menu is used to control access to a AWE unit, including the following:• Restrict access to a unit’s Main Menu with passwords• Restrict SNMP read and write access with SNMP Community Name• Enable or disable remote access via Ethernet• Enable or disable remote access via a wireless link• Determine the amount of time that a unit remains idle before it automatically logs out.Viewing System Security➧ To view system security settings1. From the Main Menu select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed.SNMP Community Name 1 Controls SNMP access to the AWERead access onlySNMP Community Name 2 Controls SNMP access to the AWERead and write accessChange User Password Changes user password to enable access to main menuRead access onlyChange Supervisor PasswordChanges supervisor password to enable access to main menu. Read and write accessEthernet Access to Local HostAllows remote access to unit to change configuration settings via wire link with telnet or SNMP System SecuritySNMP Community Name 1 -> publicSNMP Community Name 2 netmanChange User Password Press Enter to change passwordConfirm User Password Press Enter to confirm passwordChange Supervisor Password Press Enter to change passwordConfirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to confirm passwordEthernet Access to Local Host onWireless Access to Local Host onAuto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10
Configuration90 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Wireless Access to Local HostAllows remote access to unit to change configuration settings via RF link with telnet or SNMPAuto Logout Minutes Maximum time the system can remain idle before the configuration menus close and the Login menu reappears
System SecurityAPR 2001 Rev 03 91Assigning Community NamesCommunity names can be used to control SNMP access to the AWE. Community Name 1 has read only access, and Community Name 2 has both read and write access. An SNMP manager can access and configure any AWE unit on the network as long as the unit has the correct community names and remote access is enabled (see Allowing Remote Access and Configuration, page 94).➧ To assign community names1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed.2. Select SNMP Community Name 1.3. Type in name. (Valid community names are assigned using SNMP software.)4. Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field.5. Select SNMP Community Name 2.6. Type in name. (Valid community names are assigned using SNMP software.)7. Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field.8. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.WARNINGDefault community names are presented in all Installation and Configuration guides distributed by Wi-LAN. It is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that default community names are changed to unique names at installation. Record all community name changes.Community name Privileges Default valueSNMP Community Name 1 Read publicSNMP Community Name 2 Read and Write netman System SecuritySNMP Community Name 1 -> publicSNMP Community Name 2 netmanChange User Password Press Enter to change passwordConfirm User Password Press Enter to confirm passwordChange Supervisor Password Press Enter to change passwordConfirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to confirm passwordEthernet Access to Local Host onWireless Access to Local Host onAuto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10
Configuration92 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSetting Menu PasswordsYou can use passwords to control access to the Main Menu. The default passwords are user, which allows you to read configuration settings and supervisor, which allows you to change configuration settings.➧ To change the user password1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed.2. Select Change User Password and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the new password and press Enter.4. Select Confirm User Password and press Enter. The data field highlights.5. Re-type the new password and press Enter. The change is saved when appears beside the confirmation field.6. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.WARNINGThe default passwords are printed in all customer documents distributed by Wi-LAN. It is the responsibility of the customer to change the default passwords to unique passwords during installation. Record all password changes. When you restore factory configurations, the login passwords revert to the defaults. System SecuritySNMP Community Name 1 publicSNMP Community Name 2 netmanChange User Password -> Press Enter to change passwordConfirm User Password Press Enter to confirm passwordChange Supervisor Password Press Enter to change passwordConfirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to confirm passwordEthernet Access to Local Host onWireless Access to Local Host onAuto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10Success
System SecurityAPR 2001 Rev 03 93➧ To change the supervisor password1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed.2. Select Change Supervisor Password and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the new password and press Enter.4. Select Confirm Supervisor Password entry field and press Enter.5. Re-type the new password and press Enter. The change is saved when appears beside the confirmation field.6. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. System SecuritySNMP Community Name 1 publicSNMP Community Name 2 netmanChange User Password -> Press Enter to change passwordConfirm User Password Press Enter to confirm passwordChange Supervisor Password Press Enter to change passwordConfirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to confirm passwordEthernet Access to Local Host onWireless Access to Local Host onAuto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10Success
Configuration94 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideAllowing Remote Access and ConfigurationOne way to control remote access to a unit’s configuration menu is by restricting the type of link that can be used to make remote configuration changes. The default setting is to allow remote configuration changes with both wired and wireless links using telnet or SNMP. However, you can enable or disable the type of link independently with two settings: Ethernet Access to Local Host and Wireless Access to Local Host.Note: Data will pass as usual between both units. These two settings only restrict remote access to the unit’s configuration menu, depending on the type of link that exists between the remote terminal and the unit–wired or wireless. Also, you cannot "ping" a unit if the link is disabled.➧ To enable Ethernet and wireless access1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed.2. Select Ethernet Access to Local Host and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Select the desired setting, where:4. Press Enter. The new value appears in the field.5. Select Wireless Access to Local Hostand press Enter. The data field highlights.6. Select the desired setting where:7. Press Enter. The new value appears in the field.8. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.on Enable configuration changes to the unit via the Ethernetoff Disable configuration changes to the unit via the Etherneton Enable configuration changes to the unit via the airoff Disable configuration changes to the unit via the air System SecuritySNMP Community Name 1 publicSNMP Community Name 2 netmanChange User Password Press Enter to change passwordConfirm User Password Press Enter to confirm passwordChange Supervisor Password Press Enter to change passwordConfirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to confirm passwordEthernet Access to Local Host -> onWireless Access to Local Host onAuto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10
System SecurityAPR 2001 Rev 03 95Setting the Auto Logout MinutesYou can specify the maximum time the system can remain idle before the configuration menus close and the Login menu reappears. This feature ensures that the configuration menus close if a user forgets to exit.Note: When the menus automatically timeout, the system may appear to be frozen. Press Enter to view the Login menu, where you can login to the Main Menu.➧ To set the automatic logout timeout period1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed.2. Select Auto Logout Minutes and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Type the maximum idle time period in minutes that can pass before the configuration menus close.4. Press Enter. The new value appears in the field.5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. System SecuritySNMP Community Name 1 publicSNMP Community Name 2 netmanChange User Password Press Enter to change passwordConfirm User Password Press Enter to confirm passwordChange Supervisor Password Press Enter to change passwordConfirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to confirm passwordEthernet Access to Local Host onWireless Access to Local Host onAuto Logout Minutes (1-120) -> 10
Configuration96 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSystem CommandsSystem image files contain the software that runs the unit. When you first power up the AWE unit, it runs from the factory-image. With the System Commands menu you can choose the image file that a unit uses to power up, and the image file that a unit uses when rebooted.Viewing System Command Menu➧ To view system security settings1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed.2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Default System Image Default image file used at power upReboot a System Image Choose the image from which to rebootReboot Current Image Reboot unit from the current imageRestore Factory Config and RebootRestore unit to default factory configuration and reboots unitReset Radio Statistics Reset RF statisticsReset Ethernet StatisticsReset Ethernet statistics System Commands Default System Image -> FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to Execute
System CommandsAPR 2001 Rev 03 97Setting Default System ImageThe default image is the image file that a unit uses when it powers up. If you have more than one image saved on a unit, you can choose the default power up file.➧ To set the default image1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed.2. Select Default System Image and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Scroll to select the image to use as the default.4. Press Enter. The name of the new image file appears in the field. The image will be used the next time the AWE is powered up.5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. System Commands Default System Image -> FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to Execute
Configuration98 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideSetting the Reboot System ImageYou can choose the system image that a unit uses when it is rebooted.➧ To choose the reboot image1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed.2. Select Reboot a System Image and press Enter. The data field highlights.3. Scroll to select the image to use when rebooting.4. Press Enter. The name of the image file appears in the field. This image will be used the next time the AWE is rebooted.5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.Rebooting the Current ImageThe Reboot Current Image command can be used when the IP address is changed. See Setting the Internet IP Address, page 43.➧ To reboot the current image1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed.2. Select Reboot Current Image and press Enter. The AWE reboots using the current image. System Commands Default System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot a System Image -> FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to Execute System Commands Default System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image -> Press Enter to Execute Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to Execute
System CommandsAPR 2001 Rev 03 99Restoring Factory ConfigurationsIf necessary, you can restore the unit to its original factory configuration. This command puts the unit into a known state, which can help you when troubleshooting, and also provides an easy way to remove custom configuration settings when you deinstall a unit.➧ To restore the factory configuration1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed.2. Select Restore Factory Configuration and Reboot and press Enter. The unit’s configuration is restored to the original factory settings.IMPORTANTWhen you restore factory configurations, the login passwords reset automatically to default values (user and supervisor). System Commands Default System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Restore Factory Config and Reboot -> Press Enter to Execute Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to Execute
Configuration100 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideResetting Radio and Ethernet StatisticsThe statistics displayed in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are cumulative, but can be reset to track specific events and for troubleshooting. (See Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics, page 86 for information about viewing the statistics). For example, a suspected RF problem can be diagnosed by resetting the radio statistics and simulating the situation suspected of causing the problem.➧ To reset radio statistics1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands.The System Commands menu is displayed.2. Select Reset Radio Statistics and press Enter. The radio statistics in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window reset to 0 when appears beside the enter field.3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu.To reset Ethernet statistics1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands menu is displayed.2. Select Reset Ethernet Statistics and press Enter. The Ethernet statistics in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are reset to 0 when appears beside the enter field.3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. System Commands Default System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute Reset Radio Statistics -> Press Enter to Execute Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Enter to ExecuteSuccess System Commands Default System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Press Enter to Execute Restore Factory Config and Reboot Press Enter to Execute Reset Radio Statistics Press Enter to Execute Reset Ethernet Statistics -> Press Enter to ExecuteSuccess
Link Monitor DisplayAPR 2001 Rev 03 101Link Monitor DisplayViewing Link Monitor StatisticsLink performance statistics such as envelope power, correlation power and bit error rate can be viewed while the link monitor is running. Statistics are only available on the unit running the link monitor test. The window is view only.➧ To view link monitor statistics1. From the Main Menu, select Link Monitor Display. The RF Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed. The window is view only.Link Monitor Rank When run from on the base unit, it is the rank number of the remote unit whose link is being testedWhen run from the remote unit, this field is zero, the rank number of the baseBase to Remote BER Bit error rate from the base to the remote. Displays “N/A” when the link monitor is not runningRemote to Base BER Bit error rate from the remote to the base. Displays“N/A” when the link monitor is not runningMissed Packet Count Number of missed packetsBase to Remote Env Power Envelope power received at the remote (including noise, measured in dB).Base to Remote Corr Power Correlation power received at the remote (excluding noise, measured in dB).Remote to Base Env Power Envelope power received at the base (including noise, measured in dB).Remote to Base Corr Power Correlation power received at the base (excluding noise, measured in dB) RF Link Monitor Statistics Link Monitor Rank 0 Base to Remote BER N/A Remote to Base BER N/A Missed Packet Count 0 Base to Remote Env Power 0 Base to Remote Corr Power 0 Remote to Base Env Power 0 Remote to Base Corr Power 0
Configuration102 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideLogoutLogging OutThere are two ways to log out of the main menu.➧ To log out of the Main MenuFrom the Main Menu, select Logout and press Enter.or1. Press the Esc key on the keyboard until you reach the wilan command line.2. Type logout at the wilan> prompt.3. Press Enter to log out.Setting Operating Mode with the Mode ButtonThe operating mode of a unit is usually selected from the RF Station Configuration menu (see Setting the Operating Mode, page 51). However, operating mode can also be set using the Mode button located on the back panel of the AWE 120-58. When you select an operating mode, the color of the Mode LED indicates the operating mode and the color of the Air LED indicates whether a unit is transmitting, receiving, or listening.The AWE starts up in Normal operating mode and the Mode LED is OFF. The following modes are available.Mode Function Mode LEDNormal Mode Transmit and receive in both directions—normal operating mode See Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode), page 54OFFTransmit Test Transmit onlySee Performing Transmit and Receive Tests, page 57RedReceive Test Receive onlySee Performing Transmit and Receive Tests, page 57GreenRSSI Test Received Signal Strength Indicator. Indicates fade margin data on the Air LEDSee Performing the RSSI Test, page 59OrangeEnter ESC to return to Main Menuwilan> logout
Setting Operating Mode with the Mode ButtonAPR 2001 Rev 03 103Selecting RF Tests with the Mode ButtonYou can use the Mode button at the back of the unit to select and run RF tests. (The other method of running RF tests is with the RF Station Configuration menu. See Setting the Operating Mode, page 51 for more information about running tests from a menu.)➧ To select the operating mode with the mode button1. Press the Mode button once and release it quickly. The unit goes to Transmit Test mode. Mode LED = Red.2. Press the Mode button once and the unit goes to Receive Test mode.Mode LED = Green.3. Press the Mode button once and the unit goes to RSSI Test mode. Mode LED = Orange.4. Press the Mode button once and the unit returns to Transmit Test mode. Mode LED = Red.5. To return to Normal Mode after any test, press the Mode button and release it after at least two seconds. The Air LED and Mode LED both turn orange when the button has been held long enough, and the Mode LED turns OFF.Mode Button OperationNote: If you do not manually return the unit to Normal Mode, the unit will automatically reboot and return to Normal Mode when the end of the test time period time is reached. The test time period cannot be set with the Mode button—you must use the RF Station Configuration menu to set the test mode timer minutes (see Setting Config Test Minutes, page 67).NormalModepressoncepressonceTx Test Rx Testpressoncepressonce RSSITestMode LED =OFF Air and Mode LED turn orangeMode LED =orangepress and holdfor two secondsMode LED =greenMode LED = redpress and holdfor two secondspress and holdfor two seconds
Configuration104 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideCommand Line InterfaceYou can perform some basic commands with the command line interface. Type commands from the prompt.➧ To use the command line interface1. Log in to the AWE unit. The Main Menu is displayed.2. Press Esc. The wilan> prompt appears.3. Type the command after the prompt and press Enter.4. Press Esc to return to the Main Menu.The following are some commands you can run with the command line interface.Command Action Examplehelp show the following command summary list:menu cls dir del pinglogout exit quitwilan>help menumenu return to the configuration menus wilan>menucls clear the terminal screen wilan>clsdir show a file directory wilan>dirdel delete a file wilan>del sample.txtping ping a remote IP address wilan>ping 198.168.200.5logout log out of the command line interfaceorterminate a remote telnet sessionwilan>logoutexit log out of the command line interfaceorterminate a remote telnet sessionwilan>exitquit log out of the command line interfaceorterminate a remote telnet sessionwilan>quitwilan>
APR 2001 Rev 03 105TroubleshootingAdministrative Best PracticesBy performing some administrative best practices and preventative maintenance, you can prevent many problems with your system, or become aware of minor problems before they become serious ones. Wi-LAN recommends the following practices.• Maintain the integrity of the system design when adding or changing a system. The introduction of new elements to a system can cause problems unless the network plan is revised to take into account the changes. For example, improper installation of a co-located antenna can add unwanted system interference.• Measure and document system performance at the time of the original installation.• Monitor system performance regularly. Environmental change as well as normal wear and tear on components can affect system performance.• Perform preventative maintenance every 6 months. See Preventative Maintenance and Monitoring, page 31 for information.• After periods of extreme weather, perform link monitor tests to verify the system; inspect towers, antennas, cables and connectors for damage.• Change menu passwords so that only key personnel can reconfigure the system. See Setting Menu Passwords, page 92.• Keep records of recent changes. Especially document the addition of units, hardware and software changes and changes to configuration settings. Configuration errors often cause other problems. Current records can be compared with original installation records and function as a benchmark to help you troubleshoot.• Keep a log of past and present problems and solutions. Store the log on-site, if possible. The log identifies common failure points and fixes.• Before contacting Wi-LAN for customer support, document the symptoms of the problem and the steps taken to diagnose and fix the problem. Record the current configuration of the system.
Troubleshooting106 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideTroubleshooting AreasThere are five key areas to be aware of when troubleshooting.Network Integrity: Continued performance and reliability of a network depends upon maintaining the integrity of the network. If you change a network’s design, you will affect its operation. Be aware of recent changes to your network.Quality of RF link: Data communication depends first on the quality of the RF link. If you can establish and maintain a high-quality RF link, then you can be sure the link will carry high-speed data. If the quality of the RF link is degraded for some reason, the quality of the transmitted data will also degrade.Radio Hardware:There are three basic parts to a AWE: radio unit, antenna feed (cable, connectors, surge suppressors, patch cables etc.) and antenna. You can isolate faulty hardware using measurement and/or replacement methods.• Verify the radio unit with diagnostic tests (such as RSSI and link monitor tests), bench test a unit, or replace a unit.• Verify the antenna feed with a Site Master test set. Sweep cables, connectors and lightning suppressors, or exchange these parts for known good parts. • To verify the antenna you can sweep the antenna with the Site Master test set or exchange the antenna.Correct Unit Configuration: Units must be configured correctly, according to the network plan. Configuration errors can cause an inability to communicate or poor performance. The addition of units or changes to your system may require you to change configuration settings.Embedded Software: Operate with a proven software image. Download new software if you suspect that a unit’s software is corrupted.The following chart provides answers to some of the more common problems that can occur when installing and using a AWE bridge.
Troubleshooting AreasAPR 2001 Rev 03 107Troubleshooting ChartIndication Possible Cause Suggested Corrective ActionsHigh BER Signal strength is too low Perform RSSI test to determine fade marginAlign or change antennas or cablesEnsure LOS between antennasSignal strength is too high Adjust antennasIncrease distance between unitsInterference Change center frequencyIncrease RF powerChange polarization of antennasPhysically isolate antenna from source of interference or change physical location of antennaBad radio (Tx/Rx) Bench test radioExchange radioBad antenna Visually inspect antenna for damageSweep antennaReplace antennaBad cable Visually inspect cableReplace cableBad connectors Visually inspect connectorsReplace cable/connectorsNoisy power supply Replace power supply unitTemperature Determine ambient operating temperature is too high or lowIncrease or reduce ambient temperature.Low signal strength/fade marginBad radio Bench test radioReplace radioBad antenna Visually inspect antenna for damageSweep antennaReplace antennaPoor antenna alignment Use RF diagnostics to re-align antennaBad cable Visually inspect cables/connectorsReplace cable/connectorsBad surge suppressor Use voltmeter to check for open circuitReplace surge suppresso.Incorrect radio configuration Bench test radio to confirm configurationReconfigure radio
Troubleshooting108 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideIndication Possible Cause Suggested Corrective ActionsNo Fresnel zone clearance Increase antenna height to obtain clearanceRelocate antennaRemove obstacles to LOS (line of sight)Use repeater base configurationPower supply problems Try a different AC circuitMeasure the power at the AC outletMeasure the output from the power supply unitReplace the power supply unitHigh packet loss Signal strength too low Check for LOS between antennasCheck for obstacles in RF pathCheck for interferenceRealign antennasReplace antennaInterference Change center frequencyIncrease RF powerChange polarization of antennasPhysically isolate antenna from source of interference or change physical location of antennaMultipath interference Realign antennasRelocate radio/antennaTemperature Determine if ambient operating temperature is too high or lowIncrease or reduce ambient temperatureNo communication between unitsConfiguration problems Check the following configuration settings:Rank number–Each unit must have a unique rank number. Base station rank or remote rank may be incorrectAccess code–Only units with same access code can communicateScrambling code–Base station and remote units must use same scrambling codes to decode messagesAcquisition code–All units must have same acquisition code to communicateCenter frequency–Units must have same center frequency to communicate
Troubleshooting AreasAPR 2001 Rev 03 109Indication Possible Cause Suggested Corrective ActionsIP address/subnet mask–Incorrectly configured IP addresses will result in units being unable to communicateCheck that IP addresses are unique for each unit within a subnet and the correct subnet mask is being usedAntenna or cable failure or damageVisually inspect antenna and cables for damageSweep antenna and cablesReplace antenna or cablesPoor link performancePolling sequence Check polling round number. Higher polling round number increase the delay between polls for less active unitsDistance Check the maximum remote distance configuration settingNo LOS Check LOS between antennasExcessive Bit errors and processing errorsMultipath interference–align or relocate antennas or radioSignal absorption Check LOS for obstacles such as treesThrottling level Check if throttling is correctly configured(Control throttling by enabling or disabling throttling and by modifying the throttling index)Center frequency Set units from different systems in the same geographic area to different center frequencies–overlapping wavelengths from other systems will degrade performanceOverpowering co-located unitOutput power from one unit can overpower another co-located radio, even if units operate on different channels—lower unit powerSNMP can’t be activatedIP filtering configured incorrectly for SNMPChange IP filtering to enable SNMPUnable to access main configuration menuInvalid passwords Contact Wi-LAN for information about how to re-enter your systemUnits will need to be reset
Troubleshooting110 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideIndication Possible Cause Suggested Corrective ActionsUnit will not operate Faulty unit Bench test unitCorrupt unit software Reload unit softwarePoint-point link is too slowThrottling level Check if throttling is correctly configuredCenter frequency Set units from different systems in the same geographic area to different center frequencies—overlapping wavelengths from other systems will degrade performanceOverpowering co-located unitOutput power from one unit can overpower another co-located radio, even if units operate on different channelsLower the power of the unit
APR 2001 Rev 03 111Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless LinkTo ensure an effective and reliable wireless link, you first need to perform some network planning. This section provides some general guidelines for planning a wireless link, including the following:• Planning the physical layout of your system• Determining antenna and cable requirements• Determining configuration settings for units• Calculating a link budgetPlanning the Physical LayoutYou need to plan the physical layout of your wireless system.• Determine the number of remotes• Ensure LOS (line-of-sight) exists between units and determine coverage areas• Measure the distance between the base station and each remote unit• Consider the need for equipment shelters, electrical power and environmental requirementsDetermine the Number of RemotesSince the 12 Mbps data rate is shared between all units, the fewer the number of remote units, the faster each wireless link. Although a maximum of 1000 remotes is supported per base station, this number would result in low data rates. Instead, to ensure high data rates, Wi-LAN suggests a standard where 75 remotes can maintain constant 128 kbps communication with a base station. Since it is unlikely that all units will be active at the same time, the total number of remotes for planning purposes can be increased by a factor of three, so that a maximum of 225 (3 x 75) remotes per base station is recommended. This should enable all users to easily achieve 128 kbps performance.Ensure LOS and Determine Coverage AreaEnsure the availability of a clear, LOS (line-of-sight) radio path between base station and all its remotes. Plot the coverage area of each base station on a map, and determine which base station will service which remote unit. Plan some alternate links in case base station coverage areas overlap or if physical obstacles block the radio path to some remotes.
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link112 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideMeasure the Distance Between UnitsUse a mapping method or GPS (global positioning system) to measure the distance between the base station and each remote, and check the radio path to identify any obstructions in the LOS path between the two antennas. Due to the high frequency and low output power permitted in the ISM bands, no obstructions can exist between the base station and the remote unit.Determine Shelter, Power and Environmental RequirementsAWE units must be located in a weatherproof environment (a room, EMS cabinet or shelter) with an ambient temperature between 0º and 40º Celsius, and humidity from 0 to 95% non-condensing. Consider building, electrical power, heating and air conditioning requirements.Determining Antennaand Cable RequirementsThe signal from an indoor antenna can penetrate several walls, although metal obstructions or building features such as elevator shafts can deflect or inhibit radio waves. On-site testing is advised because all interiors are unique.If you plan to install antennas outdoors you need to consider several factors.• Ensure a clear line-of-sight radio path is available between each remote and its base station.• Ensure that Fresnel zone clearances are met. Identify obstructions that could degrade link performance now and in the future.• Obtain permission from building owners if you intend to install the antenna on a rooftop• Obtain 24-hour access to antennas, cables and equipment• Determine antenna mounting positions: the final position should be selected to enable physical shielding of the antenna at the back and sides from radio interference in the ISM band.• Consider potential wind load and ice loading impact on the antenna• Be aware of possible multipath effects: installing an antenna too close to reflective surfaces can cause signal problems.• Check local regulatory restrictions, such as height, on antenna mast usage in the identified location• Ensure that your antenna is properly grounded and installed according to local electrical codes.• Determine transmission cable lengths and plan cable routes. Minimize the length of the coaxial cable because the longer the cable, the greater the cable losses.• Calculate the fade margin—a minimum 15 dB fade margin is required to ensure the reliability of your wireless link.• Determine Ethernet cable lengths and plan cable routes.More information about antennas is provided in Antenna Basics, page 118.WARNINGCorrect antenna installation is critical to the safe operation and performance of your system. Antennas should always be professionally installed.
Determining Unit Configuration SettingsAPR 2001 Rev 03 113Determining Unit Configuration SettingsConfiguration settings of units should be determined before installation to ensure easy installation and to reduce installation costs. An information sheet should be prepared for each unit that specifies the basic configuration settings of that unit. • Unit Name• IP Address• Subnet Mask• Station Type• Station Rank• Center Frequency• Security passwords• Scrambling Code• Acquisition Code• Remote Unit RF Group• Transmit Power LevelYou may also specify other settings such as remote distance, IP filtering and throttling.Calculating a Link BudgetProper path planning ensures that each end of the RF link receives sufficient signal power to maintain the desired Bit Error Rate (BER). The effectiveness and reliability of your RF link depends on several factors.• Antenna gain and other characteristics• Distance between antennas and obstructions in the RF path• Location and height of antennas• Length and type of coaxial cable connecting the unit to the antennaThese factors are considered when you calculate your link budget. The calculation indicates, on paper, if your radio link is feasible over a given distance and path and if your RF link meets regulatory requirements. Link budgets are typically expressed in decibels (dB).The following variables are used to calculate the link budget.Variable DescriptionSystem Gain Maximum path loss that the system can support for usable data transmissionEIRP (Effective Isotropically Radiated Power)Power radiating from an antenna taking into account the output power from the transmitter, connector losses, cable losses and antenna gainAntenna Gain Gain of the antenna over a dipole (dBd) or theoretical (dBi)Propagation Loss Signal loss experienced as it travels through the air, expressed in dB
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link114 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideEach variable is described below.System GainThe system gain of a radio system is the difference between the transmitted power and a receiver’s sensitivity threshold. The system gain of the AWE 120-58 is calculated as follows.Note: For the sake of simplicity, a Tx Power value of 20dBm is used in the following calculations.To ensure reliable communications, the system gain plus all antenna gains must be greater than the sum of all losses. For a reliable link, Wi-LAN recommends that the system gain plus all antenna gains be greater than the sum of all losses by 15 dB. This amount is the fade margin.EIRP (Effective Isotropically Radiated Power)EIRP is the power that radiates from an antenna, taking into account the output power from the transmitter, the connector and cable losses, and the antenna gain. Unlike the Tx output power of the devices, EIRP takes account of antenna gain and cable losses. Antennas use directional gain to increase the effective radiated power. Losses such as cable losses reduce the effective radiated power. You calculate the EIRP as follows.Fresnel Radius Distance around line-of-sight that must be clear of obstaclesCable Loss Signal loss experienced as it passes through the coaxial cable, expressed in dBPath Loss Total loss from one end of the path to the other. Includes propagation losses, cable losses and any other losses that impact the system performanceFormula: System Gain = Transmission Power - Receiver Sensitivity @ 10-6 BERVariables: Tx Power = 20 dBmReceiver Sensitivity = –80 dBm (receiver sensitivity @ 10-6 BER)Calculation: 20dBm – (–80) dBm = 100 dBFormula: EIRP = Tx Power (dBm) - Cable Losses (dB) - Connector Losses (dB) + Antenna Gain (dBi)Note: The FCC regulatory body has set the EIRP limit to +36 dBm for point-to-multipoint applications per FCC 15.247(b)(3). For point-to-point applications EIRP can be >36 dBm as per FCC 15.247(b)(3)(ii).Visit www.fcc.gov for the most current information.Industry Canada specifies the EIRP limit to ≤ 4W (+36 dBm) as per RSS-210, 6.2.2(o)(b) for point-to-multipoint applications and 200W (+23 dBW) for point-to-point applications.Visit www.ic.gc.ca for the most current information.Variable Description
Calculating a Link BudgetAPR 2001 Rev 03 115Antenna GainTo ensure the best range and interference suppression, the external antenna should be directional, focusing the radio energy in one direction (toward the other end of the link) rather than onmi-directional. Use of a directional antenna also reduces interference from other systems operating at the same frequency.Note: In some situations, you may want to use an omni-directional antenna in your system design. For example, you would use an omni-directional antenna for a base station with remote sites situated in a 360º path around it.When you select a Wi-LAN approved antenna, pay particular attention to the gain specification. When you select an antenna for a remote station, select an antenna with a gain that provides at least 15 dB fade margin.Antenna gain is specified in either dBi or dBd. When an antenna is specified in dBd, add 2.14 dB to the value to convert it to dBi.Propagation LossPropagation loss is the attenuation (reduction) in RF signal energy as it travels through space. In most wireless systems, losses through space are the major contributor to signal attenuation. When you know the intended installation locations of the base and remote stations, determine the physical line of sight distance and then calculate the RF attenuation as follows:Fresnel ZoneIt is essential that you locate your antennas at maximum above-ground height to ensure that all ground-based obstructions are cleared from the Line of Sight path and the Fresnel Zone.The Fresnel Zone is the expansion of the RF signal radio angles in the vertical plane near the middle of the RF path.Fresnel ZoneFormula: Attenuation (dB) for 5.8 GHz band = 108 dB + 20log(dkm)where:dkm = Distance in Kilometers108 dB = Pathloss Constant in the 5.8 GHz bandFirst Fresnel ZoneLine of SightFresnel RadiusGroundThe maximum Fresnel Radius indicates that this path must be kept clear of obstructions.
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link116 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideFor the 5.8 GHz band, the approximate Fresnel Radius is calculated as follows.Cable LossCable and connector losses affect the operation of the wireless link and therefore should be kept to a minimum by minimizing cable lengths and carefully selecting the type of cable. The two primary coaxial cable specifications for the AWE 120-58 are:• Cable must be 50 ohms nominal impedance• Cable must be of a low loss typeThe following is an example of cable loss ratings at 5.8 GHz.Note: When you calculate path loss, you will add 1dB at each end of the link to compensate for connector losses in addition to the cable loss value.Path LossPath loss describes the total RF attenuation throughout the system from Tx antenna to Rx antenna. This includes the losses as the RF signal travels through space plus Tx and Rx cable loss, and Tx and Rx connector loss. Use the following formula to calculate path loss.Once you know the path loss, you can compare the value to the system gain value. If the system gain value is greater than the path loss, the link is feasible. See System Gain, page 114 for more information about system gain.Fade MarginFade margin is the amount by which the system gain plus the total antenna gain exceeds the path loss. As calculated, the fade margin is the number of dB that the received signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity. You require some level of fade margin for any wireless system to compensate for RF path fading due to weather conditions or multipath interference.The Wi-LAN recommended fade margin for the AWE 120-58 is a minimum of 15 dB. The sum of the cable losses, connector losses, propagation losses, and the 15 dB required fade margin should be less than the sum of the system gain and antenna gain.Formula: Fresnel Radius (meters)= Cable Type LDF2-50 LDF4-50A LDF4.5-50Loss (dB/meter) 0.32 0.22 0.16Formula: Path Loss = Tx and Rx Cable Loss + Tx and Rx Connector Loss + Propagation LossFormula: Total antenna gain = Tx Antenna Gain + Rx Antenna Gain2.2 dkm dkm 8.12⁄()2+
Link Budget ExampleAPR 2001 Rev 03 117Link Budget ExampleThe values for cable and connector losses in this example are only for illustration. You will need to work these out for your specific installations.Formulas: System Gain + Antenna Gain ≥ Propagation Loss + Desired Fade Margin + Cable Losses + Connector LossesorActual Fade Margin ≥ System Gain + Antenna Gain – Propagation Loss – Cable Losses – Connector LossesandActual Fade Margin ≥ Desired Fade Marginwhere:System Gain = Tx Power – Rx SensitivityAntenna Gains = Tx Antenna Gain + Rx Antenna GainCable Losses = Base Cable Losses + Remote Cable LossesConnector Losses = Base System Connector Losses + Remote System Connector LossesVariables: Desired Fade Margin = 15 dBTx Power = 20 dBmRx Sensitivity = –80 dBmTx Antenna Gain = 27 dBiRx Antenna Gain = 27 dBiPropagation Loss for desired range of 10km = 108 + 20 x log(10) = 128 dBTx Cable Losses (5m LDF2-50) = 5 * 0.32 = 1.6 dBRx Cable Losses (5m LDF2-50)= 5 * 0.32 = 1.6 dBTx Connector Losses = 1 dBRx Connector Losses = 1 dBVariable Calculations:System Gain = 20 - (–80) = 100 dBAntenna Gains = 27 + 27 = 54 dBiCable Losses = 1.6 + 1.6 = 3.2 dBConnector Losses = 1 + 1 = 2 dBActual Fade Margin Calculation:Actual Fade Margin = 100 + 54 – 128 – 3.2 – 2 = 20.8 dBAnalysis: A goal of Actual Fade Margin ≥ 15 dB is achieved.
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link118 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideAntenna BasicsAntennas focus and absorb radio energy in specific directions, depending on their design. AWE 120-58 antennas must be tuned to 5.7250 – 5.8500 GHz.This section contains basic information about antenna parameters and how to select and install antennas for use in your wireless system. Antenna characteristics, mounting location, and correct operation of antennas are critical to a wireless link.Antenna ParametersParameter DescriptionGain • Antennas have a gain associated with them, which is a measure of their ability to amplify signals in their tuned band• Antenna gain is achieved by focusing the signal. A higher gain antenna has a more compressed signaldBd vs. dBi • Antenna gain must be measured over a known reference and is often expressed as either dBd or dBi• dBd is antenna gain referenced over a half-wave dipole which is an antenna that has a donut shaped radiation pattern• dBi is antenna gain referenced over an isotropic radiator which is a theoretical antenna that radiates equally in all directions (e.g. the sun)• Wi-LAN references antenna gain in dBi. The conversion factor is 0 dBd = 2.14 dBiBeamwidth • Describes how a signal spreads out from the antenna, and the range of the reception area• Beamwidth is measured between the points on the beam pattern at which the power density is half of the maximum power. This is often referred to as the –3 dB points• A high gain antenna has a very narrow beamwidth and may be more difficult to alignDowntilt or uptilt• Some antennas have either an associated downtilt or an uptilt. The tilt further focuses the signal downward or upward with respect to the horizon• Tilt may be either electrically built into the antenna or achieved mechanically with the mounting gear• Downtilt or uptilt may be required when there is a significant deviation between the elevation of the remote site(s) and the base siteF/B • Front-to-back ratio• Directional antennas focus the signal in a forward path. Achieved by directing the signal in one direction that reduces the signal in the opposite direction• A higher gain antenna typically has a greater F/B ratio
Antenna BasicsAPR 2001 Rev 03 119Implementation ConsiderationsSome key items to consider when selecting and installing antennas for your wireless network follow.XPD • Polarity and Cross-Polarization Discrimination (XPD)• Antennas have an associated polarity, which is the orientation of the radiating element with respect to earth• Antennas are usually described as vertical, horizontal, or circularly polarized. The polarity of all antennas used in a system must be the same• Cross-Polarization Discrimination specifies the signal isolation achieved when the receiving element is perpendicular to the radiating element. Can be advantageous when co-locating radio systemsVSWR • Voltage standing wave ratio• VSWR is the voltage ratio of minimum to maximum across a transmission line• A VSWR of 2.0:1 or less in an antenna is considered effective. Most antennas have a VSWR of 1.5:1• For example, when using a radio with a 4 W output with an antenna VSWR of 1.5:1, the reflected power will be 160 mWItem DescriptionAbsorption • Antennas mounted too close to “soft” objects, such as trees, may experience a reduction in signal strength due to absorption• Absorption is most often encountered in applications installed during the fall or winter months, and the problem does not become evident until the springDiffraction • Diffraction occurs when a radio signal reflects or bounces off of a solid object• Level of diffraction could lead to connectivity problems if the remaining signal level is too low• Two types of diffraction are shadowing and multipathShadowing • Shadowing is a form of diffraction that is typically caused when antennas are mounted too close to a structure and they lose a portion of the signal lobe due to reflection. The receive antenna is in a shadowed area• To minimize shadowing, ensure that there is adequate height above structures when mounting antenna equipmentMultipath Interference• Multipath is a form of diffraction in which the reflected signal arrives at the receiver at different times which confuses the receiver• Multipath may be interpreted as interference by the receive antenna and can result in bit errors and processing delaysParameter Description
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link120 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideWi-LAN Approved AntennasAntennas must be selected from the following list of Wi-LAN approved antennas. Antennas must be connected using transmission cables having the specified minimum lengths.There are several factors to consider when choosing the right antenna for a wireless application. The following are some initial questions you should ask before selecting an antenna.• What is the operating frequency range?• Will this be a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint application? Ensure that you consider if the application will change in the future.• What are the coverage requirements?• What is the gain requirement?• What is the elevation of the remote site(s) with respect to the base station and will additional downtilt/uptilt be necessary at either the base or remote site to compensate?• Will there be any obstructions in the path?• Will systems be co-located? What polarity will be used?• What are the regional environmental conditions? For example, is there windloading, salt air, excessive moisture, ice buildup etc.?• What is the antenna lifetime expectation?• What are the site and mounting options?• What are the restrictions in the locale regarding the effective radiated power permitted from the antenna?• Will antenna appearance be a factor?AntennaDescription Number Gain (dBi)5.8 GHz Cushcraft directional planar S57212AMP 12 Note: 1 One of the following cables with the specified minimum length must be connected to antenna:5.8 GHz European 55 degree H-sector1SA17-55H/449 175.8 GHz European 55 degree V-sector1SA17-55V/450 175.8 GHz MTI directional/flat planar MT-10010 32 LMR400 6 m5.8 GHz MTI directional/lat planar MT-10011 28 LMR600 7 m5.8 GHz TIL-TEK directional/dish TA-5224M 28.5 LMR900 13 m5.8 GHz TIL-TEK directional/dish w/radome TA-5224MR 28.5 LDF4-50A 10 m5.8 GHz TIL-TEKdirectional/dish TA-5248M 34.2 LDF4.5-50 13 m5.8 GHz TIL-TEK directional/dish w/radome TA-5248MR 34.25.8 GHz TIL-TEK directional/dish TA-5272M 37.55.8 GHz TIL-TEK directional/dish w/radome TA-5272MR 37.5Note: Directional antennas may not be used for point-to-multipoint applications.
Antenna BasicsAPR 2001 Rev 03 121Antenna Installation FactorsSome factors you should consider when installing antennas into your wireless system are listed below.Factor DescriptionMaximizing the AWE 120-58’s Capabilities• Minimize obstructions in the radio path• Line Of Sight (LOS) is crucial for reliability• Ensure that equipment is installed correctly• Ensure proper grounding, testing, and alignment of antennas• Install in environmental conditions that are suitable for the AWE unit• Select proper antennas and cable for the application• Ensure sufficient gain for the intended applicationSafety • Proper grounding of antenna apparatus in accordance with respective Electrical Code(s) is crucial• Wi-LAN recommends using a surge arrestor where the antenna cable enters the building• All installations should be completed by a qualified and competent RF technicialEIRP • Effective Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP)• EIRP is the amount of power that is transmitted to the air from the antenna• EIRP levels depend on the power of the radio transmitter, the gain of the antenna, and the losses incurred in the antenna cable• EIRP must not exceed 4 W or 36 dBm in Canada and the United States for point-to-multipoint applications.Note: EIRP = Power out of unit – Power lost in cable + Gain in power from AntennaFade Margin See Calculating a Link Budget, page 113LOS • Line of Sight (LOS)• LOS is a football shaped pattern known as the Fresnel Zone, which must be kept clear of obstructions. See Fresnel Zone, page 115 for more information• Visual line of sight must be achieved. When standing at the antenna position, you must be able to see the remote antenna
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link122 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideMinimal Clearance Above ObstructionsFor the AWE 120-58, the absolute minimum clearance above obstructions requirements are as follows (in meters): @ 5.8 GHzSome example clearance requirements for 5.8 GHz links follow. Note: There is also a correction factor to compensate for curvature of the earth. This correction factor is not required when the correction value is negligible < 10 km.Installing AntennasAntennas must be installed professionally to ensure that the antenna operates properly and follows accepted safety, electrical, grounding and civil engineering standards.Ensure the following conditions.• Dipole antennas are oriented vertically (point up).• Antennas for the system have the same polarity (vertical, horizontal or circular).• Connectors attaching the coaxial cable to the antenna are properly weatherproofed.• A drip loop is formed at the building entrance to prevent water flowing down the coaxial cable and entering the installation building.• The coaxial cable is secured to the supporting structure at one meter intervals to prevent wind damage and frost loading problems.• The antenna is firmly attached to the mast to prevent it from falling, yet has some flexibility so you can move the antenna to fine-tune its position.• The coaxial cable is connected to the antenna and to the Antenna port on both sides of the link (base and remote stations).• The antennas are grounded properly.Distance(km)Clearance (m)Distance(miles)Clearance (ft)0.5 1.6 0.5 6.51 2.2 1 9.32 3.2 2 13.33 3.9 3 16.75 5.2 5 22.68 6.9 8 31.310 8.0 10 37.315 10.8 15 54.32.2mdkm×
Antenna BasicsAPR 2001 Rev 03 123Fine-tuning AntennasYou can fine-tune the antennas by physically moving the antenna. When the remote antenna is correctly aligned, the Air LED is orange, indicating communication with the base station. You can use the Receive and Transmit Tests to test the link while adjusting the antennas to minimize BER and lost packets and maximize received power. You can use the RSSI Test to maximize RSSI.Once antennas are adjusted to maximize performance, secure them properly to the support structures.Co-locating UnitsWhen AWE antennas are located on the same mast, you must take care to ensure the output power from one radio does not overpower another co-located bridge, even if the units are operating on different channels. You may need to install a signal attenuator to lower transmit power, use antenna polarity to your advantage, or adjust antenna uptilit or downtilt. Contact your distributor for antenna and installation assistance when co-locating units.
Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link124 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
APR 2001 Rev 03 125Appendix B: Using HyperTerminalThe Windows 95/98 operating system includes a terminal emulation program called HyperTerminal®. You can use this program to access the AWE 120-58 configuration menus through the Serial port on the front of the unit.Note: Users of the Asian version of Windows can use Tera Term™ shareware (available on the Internet) to configure the AWE 120-58.Starting HyperTerminalTo start HyperTerminal1. In Windows 95 or 98, from the Start menu, select Programs, Accessories, Communications, HyperTerminal. The Connection Description window is displayed.2. Select an icon for the HyperTerminal session and type a connection name.3. Click OK. The Connect To window is displayed.4. In the Connect using field, select the appropriate COM port.5. Click OK. The COM Properties window is displayed.6. Enter the following settings.7. Click OK. The AWE - HyperTerminal window is displayed.8. From the File menu, select Properties. The Properties window is displayed.9. Click the Settings tab and then click ASCII Setup. The ASCII Setup window is displayed.Bits per second 9600Data bits 8Parity NoneStop bits 1Flow control None
Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal126 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide10. In the ASCII Sending area, choose the following settings.11. In the ASCII Receiving area, do the following.12. Click OK. The ASCII Setup window closes.13. Click OK. The Properties window closes.14. Use a straight through RS-232 serial cable to connect the communications port of the PC to the DB9 connector on the unit.15. Power up the unit.16. Press Enter. The Configuration menu is displayed in the HyperTerminal window.Determining the Communications PortTo set the communications port in the HyperTerminal session, you need to know which communications port you are using on your computer. Most laptops are connected through COM 1, but PCs can use COM 1 through 3. To determine the communications port1. Right-click the My Computer icon on your desktop and from the shortcut menu, select Properties. The System Properties window is displayed.2. Click the Device Manager tab and click Ports (COM & LPT). A list of the available communications ports appears.3. Select the appropriate port for your HyperTerminal session.Note: A connection to the Configuration menus will not be established if the wrong port is selected. If this occurs, reconfigure the HyperTerminal to connect using another available communications port.Send line ends with line feeds Clear the checkboxEcho typed characters locally Clear the checkboxLine delay Type 0Character delay Type 0Append line feeds to incoming line ends Click to select the checkboxForce incoming data to 7-bit ASCII Clear the checkboxWrap lines that exceed terminal width Click to select the checkbox
APR 2001 Rev 03 127Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data NetworkThis section describes how to set up a simple network to perform file transfers between two computers. You need to perform the following tasks.• Check the Network Adaptor Installation• Configure the Network• Enable the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk DriveChecking Network Adaptor InstallationTo check the network adaptor installation1. From Windows® choose the Start menu, select Settings, Control Panel. The Control Panel window is displayed.2. Double-click the System icon. The System Properties window is displayed.3. Click the Device Manager tab.4. Double-click Network Adapters. A list of installed devices is displayed.5. Check for trouble indicators with the previously installed network adaptor(s).6. Click OK. The Control Panel window is displayed.
Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network128 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideConfiguring the NetworkTo configure the network1. In the Control Panel window, double-click the Network icon. The Network window is displayed.
Configuring the NetworkAPR 2001 Rev 03 1292. In the list of network components area, double-click Client for Microsoft Networks. The Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window is displayed.Note: If Client for Microsoft Networks is not listed, click Add and select Client, Add, Microsoft, Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK.3. In the Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window, do the following tasks.4. Click OK. The Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window closes.Log on to Windows NT domain Clear the checkboxWindows NT domain Clear the fieldLogon and restore network connections Click the button
Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network130 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide5. In the Network window, double-click TCP/IP. The TCP/IP Properties window is displayed.Note: If TCP/IP is not listed in the Network window, click Add and select Protocol, Add, Microsoft, TCP/IP, and then click OK.6. Click the IP Address tab.7. Click Specify an IP Address, and type the following.8. Click OK.9. Click File and Print Sharing. The File and Print Sharing window is displayed.10. Click to select the I want to be able to give others access to my files checkbox.11. Click OK.IP Address 196.2.2.1Note: Increment the last digit by 1 (i.e. type 196.2.2.2) when configuring the second computerSubnet Mask 255.255.255.0Note: This number is the same for both computers
Enabling Sharing on the Hard Disk DriveAPR 2001 Rev 03 13112. In the Network window, click the Identification tab and type the following.13. In the Network window, click the Access Control tab. 14. Click Share Level Access Control.15. Click OK.16. You are prompted to restart your computer.17. Click Ye s . Wait for your computer to restart, then proceed with Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive.Enabling Sharing on the Hard Disk DriveTo enable the sharing feature on the hard disk drive1. On the desktop, double-click My Computer. The My Computer window is displayed.Computer Name Unique name for each computer. For example, computer 1and computer 2Workgroup Workgroup name. For example, TestNote: All computers in the network must have the same workgroup nameComputer Description Description of the type of computer used. For example, laptop or desktop
Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network132 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide2. Right-click the hard disk drive icon (typically drive C:), and select Open. The Properties window is displayed.3. Click the Sharing tab, and choose the following:4. Click OK.5. Repeat this procedure for all PCs in the network.Once all PCs in the network have been shared, you can view the network by double clicking the Network Neighborhood icon that appears on each PC desktop.Shared As Click the radio buttonShare Name Type CComment Leave this field blankAccess Type Click to select FullPasswords Leave these fields blank
APR 2001 Rev 03 133Appendix D: SNMPAbout SNMP MIBThree elements are required to use SNMP: agent software, management software and a MIB file. SNMP agent software is contained in every AWE unit. Agent software enables a unit to interpret SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) MIB (Management Information Block) commands. SNMP management software is installed on a networked PC or workstation and enables a network administrator to remotely manage AWE units. If you have SNMP manager software installed on a networked PC or workstation, you can configure, monitor and control AWE units via the Ethernet or air. SNMP network management software is available commercially and as shareware (for example, you can download a free evaluation copy from www.mg-soft.com). MIB is simply a list of objects that SNMP can monitor. You can download a proprietary Wi-LAN MIB file from www.wi-lan.com or obtain a copy through the Wi-LAN Technical Assistance Center. The AWE 120-58 is MIB version 2 compliant. After you download the MIB file, you must compile the file with the SNMP management software compiler.SNMP ElementsSNMP Element DescriptionManager Software installed on the network’s host computer and operated by the network administrator. From the host, the Manager configures Agents or polls Agents for informationAgent Software that runs on each unit. An Agent accepts configuration commands from the Manager and collects network and terminal information specified in the MIBManagement Information Block (MIB) A database that is accessed by a specific set of commands and executed using the SNMP manager. There is a standard MIB and a Wi-LAN customized MIB that stores information relevant to the operation of a wireless network
Appendix D: SNMP134 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideWi-LAN Object Identifier NodesThe AWE 120-58 uses SNMP version 1, which is MIB 2 compliant. All OID (Object Identifier) nodes in the AWE 120-58 private Wi-LAN MIB are numbered 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.n where n is a private Wi-LAN MIB node number or branch of nodes.All nodes containing statistical information are cleared on power up and reset.Values in all writeable nodes are stored in Flash memory and are retained until overwritten by the administrator, even following power down or reset. Using SNMPRefer to the documentation provided with your SNMP application software for instructions about using SNMP. The procedure for changing a unit’s configuration with SNMP is described below.To change a configuration setting with SNMP1. Change the parameter to a new value using the appropriate SNMP command.2. Reboot the unit with the new configuration using the rebootNewRfConfig node command. See System Commands, page 147.3. Save the new configuration to the unit’s flash memory using the saveConfToFlash node command. See System Commands, page 147.From To Classification1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.104 Configuration1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.7 Configuration:System Image List1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.7 System Status1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.32 Statistics1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.7 System Commands
Using Object Identifier NodesAPR 2001 Rev 03 135Using Object Identifier NodesThe following are descriptions of parameters and node addresses in the AWE 120-58 MIB.Group Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access DescriptionConfiguration serialNumber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.1 DisplayString(0..15)Read Only Unit Serial Number productionDate 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.2 DisplayString(0..15)Read Only Unit Date of Manufacture macAddress 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.3 PhysAddress Read Only Ethernet MAC Address systemName 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.4 DisplayString(0..31)Read/Write Unit System Name unitLocation 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.5 DisplayString(0..31)Read/Write User configurable Unit Location contactName 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.6 DisplayString(0..31)Read/Write User configurable Contact Name config7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.7 INTEGER Read/Write Spare config8 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.8 INTEGER Read/Write Spare config9 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.9 INTEGER Read/Write Spare ipAddress 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.10 IpAddress Read Only Internet IP Address: default = 192.168.1.100 ipNewAddress 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.11 IpAddress Read/Write New Internet IP Address ipSubnetMask 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.12 IpAddress Read/Write IP Subnet Mask: default = 255.255.255.0 ipGatewayAddr 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.13 IpAddress Read/Write IP default gateway address (currently not used) ipNetmanAddr 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.14 IpAddress Read/Write SNMP network management station IP address ipPacketFiltering 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.15 INTEGER) Read/Write IP packet filtering:0 = disabled, 1 = enabled
Appendix D: SNMP136 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide ipAddressFiltering 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.16 INTEGER Read/Write IP address filtering: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabledipFilter1Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.17 INTEGER Read/Write IP address filter 1 range: (0-255)ipFilter1Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18 IpAddress Read/Write IP filter 1 base addressipFilter2Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.19 INTEGER Read/Write IP address filter 2 range: (0-255)ipFilter2Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.20 IpAddress Read/Write IP filter 2 base addressipFilter3Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.21 INTEGER Read/Write IP address filter 3 range: (0-255)ipFilter3Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.22 IpAddress Read/Write IP filter 3 base addressipFilter4Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.23 INTEGER Read/Write IP address filter 4 range: (0-255)ipFilter4Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.24 IpAddress Read/Write IP filter 4 base addressipFilter5Range 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.25 INTEGER Read/Write IP address filter 5 range: (0-255)ipFilter5Base 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.26 IpAddress Read/Write IP filter 5 base addressconfig27 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.27 INTEGER Read/Write Spareconfig28 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.28 INTEGER Read/Write Spareconfig29 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.29 INTEGER Read/Write SparestationType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.30 INTEGER Read Only Current station type: 0 = remote, 1 = basestationRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.31 INTEGER Read Only Current station RF rank: 1 to 1000Group Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access Description
Using Object Identifier NodesAPR 2001 Rev 03 137Group Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access DescriptioncenterFreq 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.32 INTEGER Read Only Current RF center frequency(57410 to 58338)securityWord1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.33 INTEGER Read Only Current RF security password 1securityWord2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.34 INTEGER Read Only Current RF security password 2securityWord3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.35 INTEGER Read Only Current RF security password 3securityWord4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.36 INTEGER Read Only Current RF security password 4securityWord5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.37 INTEGER Read Only Current RF security password 5scramblingCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.38 INTEGER Read Only Current RF scrambling code wordacquisitionCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.39 INTEGER Read Only Current RF acquisition code (0-15)configMinutes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.40 INTEGER Read Only Current RF configuration test minutes(1-120)repeaterMode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.41 INTEGER Read Only Current base station repeater mode:0 = disabled, 1 = enabledsystemType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.42 INTEGER Read Only Current base station symmetry: 0 = asymmetric, 1 = symmetricremoteGroup 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.43 INTEGER Read Only Current RF group identifier: 0 = closed, 1 - 63 = special groupnumOfPollRounds 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.44 INTEGER Read Only Current Number of Polling Rounds (1-60)
Appendix D: SNMP138 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide txPwrLevelAdj 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.45 INTEGER Read Only Current RF Tx Power Level Adjust (-31 to 0 dB)defStationType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.46 INTEGER Read Only Default Station type: 0 = remote, 1 = basedefStationRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.47 INTEGER Read Only Default Station RF RankGroup Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access DescriptionInteger ValueAtten.(dB)Integer ValueAtten.(dB)Integer ValueAtten.(dB)031112022913012192382291318247328141725642715162655261615274625171428372418132928231912301922201131010 21 21 10
Using Object Identifier NodesAPR 2001 Rev 03 139Group Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access DescriptiondefCenterFreq 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.48 INTEGER Read Only FLASH RF center frequency(57410 to 58338)defSecurityWord1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.49 INTEGER Read Only Default RF security password 1defSecurityWord2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.50 INTEGER Read Only Default RF security password 2defSecurityWord3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.51 INTEGER Read Only Default RF security password 3defSecurityWord4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.52 INTEGER Read Only Default RF security password 4defSecurityWord5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.53 INTEGER Read Only Default RF security password 5defScramblingCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.54 INTEGER Read Only Default RF scrambling code worddefAcquisitionCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.55 INTEGER Read Only Default RF acquisition code (0-15)defConfigMinutes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.56 INTEGER Read Only Default RF configuration test minutes (1-120)deRepeaterMode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.57 INTEGER Read Only Default base station repeater mode: 0 = disabled, 1 = enableddefSystemType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.58 INTEGER Read Only Default base station symmetry type:0 = asymmetric, 1 = symmetricdefRemoteGroup 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.59 INTEGER Read Only Default RF group identifier: 0 = closed, 1 - 63 = special groupdefNumOfPollRounds 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.60 INTEGER Read Only Default Number of Polling Rounds (1-60)
Appendix D: SNMP140 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide defTxPwrLevelAdj 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.61 INTEGER Read Only Default RF Tx Power Level Adjust (-31 to 0 dB)newStationType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.62 INTEGER Read/Write New station type: 0 = remote, 1 = basenewStationRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.63 INTEGER Read/Write New station RF rank (1-1000)Group Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access DescriptionInteger ValueAtten.(dB)Integer ValueAtten.(dB)Integer ValueAtten.(dB)031112022913012192382291318247328141725642715162655261615274625171428372418132928231912301922201131010 21 21 10
Using Object Identifier NodesAPR 2001 Rev 03 141Group Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access DescriptionnewCenterFreq 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.64 INTEGER Read/Write New RF center frequency(57410 to 58338)newSecurityWord1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.65 INTEGER Read/Write New RF security password 1newSecurityWord2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.66 INTEGER Read/Write New RF security password 2newSecurityWord3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.67 INTEGER Read/Write New RF security password 3newSecurityWord4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.68 INTEGER Read/Write New RF security password 4newSecurityWord5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.69 INTEGER Read/Write New RF security password 5newScramblingCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.70 INTEGER Read/Write New RF scrambling code wordnewAcquisitionCode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.71 INTEGER Read/Write New RF acquisition code (0-15)newConfigMinutes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.72 INTEGER Read/Write New RF configuration test minutes (1-120)newRepeaterMode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.73 INTEGER Read/Write New base station repeater mode: 0 = disabled, 1 = enablednewSystemType 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.74 INTEGER Read/Write New base station symmetry type: 0 = asymmetric, 1 = symmetricnewRemoteGroup 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.75 INTEGER Read/Write New RF group identifier: 0 = closed, 1 - 63 = special groupnewNumOfPollRounds 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.76 INTEGER Read/Write New Number of Polling Rounds (1-60)
Appendix D: SNMP142 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide newTxPwrLevelAdj 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.77 INTEGER Read/Write New RF Tx Power Level Adjust (-31 to 0 dB)stationMode 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.78 INTEGER Read/Write Operating mode: 0 = normal, 1 = Rx Test, 2 = Tx Test, 3 = RSSI TestrfTransmitStatus 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.79 INTEGER Read/Write RF transmit status: 0 = blocked, 1 = unblockedlinkMonitorPeriod 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.80 INTEGER Read/Write Link monitor period (0-10000): 0 = disabled, 1 - 10,000 = number of data superframes per single test superframetestModeTimer 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.81 INTEGER Read/Write Test mode timer minutes (1-1000)Group Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access DescriptionInteger ValueAtten.(dB)Integer ValueAtten.(dB)Integer ValueAtten.(dB)031112022913012192382291318247328141725642715162655261615274625171428372418132928231912301922201131010 21 21 10
Using Object Identifier NodesAPR 2001 Rev 03 143remoteDistance 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.82 INTEGER Read/Write Maximum remote unit distance (km)linkMonitorRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.83 INTEGER Read/Write Link monitor remote station rank (1-1000)throttleEnable 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.84 INTEGER Read/Write Throttling enable: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabledthrottleLevel 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.85 INTEGER Read/Write RF throttle level (1-50)config86 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.86 INTEGER Read/Write Spareconfig87 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.87 INTEGER Read/Write Spareconfig88 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.88 INTEGER Read/Write Spareconfig89 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.89 INTEGER Read/Write SparecommunityName1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.90 DisplayString(0..15)Read/Write Read-only access community namecommunityName2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.91 DisplayString(0..15)Read/Write Read-Write access community nameethernetAccess 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.92 INTEGER Read Only Ethernet access to local host: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabledGroup Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access DescriptionInteger Distance (km) Integer Distance (km)157352108 403159 45420105052511506301260
Appendix D: SNMP144 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide wirelessAccess 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.93 INTEGER Read Only Wireless access to local host: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabledconfig94 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.94 INTEGER Read/Write SparecurrentImage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.95 DisplayString(0..15)Read Only Current system image file namedefaultImage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.96 DisplayString(0..15)Read/Write Selects specified system image file as defaultprevDefaultImage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.97 DisplayString(0..15)Read Only Previous default system image file nameconfig98 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.98 INTEGER Read/Write Spareconfig99 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.99 INTEGER Read/Write SpareSystem Image ListsystemImageList 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100 SEQUENCE OF SystemImageEntrynot accessibleSystem Image List BranchsystemImageNumber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.1 INTEGER Read Only System image numbersystemImageName 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.2 DisplayString(0..15)Read Only System image file namesystemImageRevn 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.3 DisplayString(0..15)Read Only System image revision identifiersystemImageDate 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.4 DisplayString(0..15)Read Only System image file datesystemImageTime 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.5 DisplayString(0..15)Read Only Time system image file was last changedsystemImageSize 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.6 INTEGER Read Only System image file sizesystemImageText 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.7 DisplayString(0..15)Read Only System image descriptive textGroup Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access Description
Using Object Identifier NodesAPR 2001 Rev 03 145config101 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.101 INTEGER Read/Write Spareconfig102 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.102 INTEGER Read/Write Spareconfig103 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.103 INTEGER Read/Write Spareconfig104 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.104 INTEGER Read/Write SpareSystem Status totalHours 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.1 Counter Read Only Cumulative run-time hourssystemHours 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.2 Counter Read Only Current run-time hours since poweruploginOkays 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.3 Counter Read Only Number of successful loginsloginFails 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.4 Counter Read Only Number of unsuccessful login attemptslocalUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.5 INTEGER Read Only Local user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2 = supervisortelnetUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.6 INTEGER Read Only Telnet user login status:0 = none, 1 = user, 2 = supervisorftpUser 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.7 INTEGER Read Only FTP user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2 = supervisorStatistics etherRxTotalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.1 Counter Read Only Total Ethernet packets receivedetherRxLocalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.2 Counter Read Only Ethernet packets received for local hostetherRxErrorPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.3 Counter Read Only Ethernet packets received in erroretherRxDroppedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.4 Counter Read Only Number of received Ethernet packets droppedetherRxDiscardPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.5 Counter Read Only Number of received Ethernet packets DiscardedetherRxTotalKbytes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.6 Counter Read Only Total Ethernet KBytes received since last resetetherRxBcastKbytes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.7 Counter Read Only Ethernet KBytes received since last resetetherTxBTotalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.8 Counter Read Only Total Ethernet packets transmittedetherTxDroppedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.9 Counter Read Only Ethernet transmit packets droppedGroup Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access Description
Appendix D: SNMP146 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide etherTxTotalKbytes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.10 Counter Read Only Total Ethernet KBytes transmitted since last resetetherTxBcastKbytes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.11 Counter Read Only Ethernet broadcast KBytes transmitted since last resetrfRxTotalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.12 Counter Read Only Total received RF packetsrfRxLocalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.13 Counter Read Only Total received RF packets for local hostrfRxDroppedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.14 Counter Read Only Number of received RF packets droppedrfRxDiscardedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.15 Counter Read Only Number of received RF packets discardedrfTxTotalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.16 Counter Read Only Total transmitted RF packetsrfTxLocalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.17 Counter Read Only Number of transmitted local RF packetsrfTxDroppedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.18 Counter Read Only Number of transmitted RF packets droppedrfRxSframeCount 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.19 Counter Read Only Total RF super frames receivedrfRxOverrunErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.20 Counter Read Only Number of RF overrun errorsrfRxSFrameErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.21 Counter Read Only Number of RF super frame control word errorsrfRxChecksumErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.22 Counter Read Only Number of RF super frame header checksum errorsrfRxPacketErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.23 Counter Read Only Number of RF packet control work errorsrfRxLengthErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.24 Counter Read Only Number of RF super frame length errorsrfTxSuperFrameCnt 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.25 Counter Read Only Number of RF super frames transmittedrfEtoIThroughput 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.26 Counter Read Only Ethernet to RF throughputrfItoEThroughput 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.27 Counter Read Only RF to Ethernet throughputstatistics24 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.28 Counter SparelinkMonitorRank1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.29 INTEGER Read Only Link monitor remote station ranklinkMonRtoBber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.30 DisplayString(0..8)Read Only Link monitor remote to base bit error rateGroup Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access Description
Using Object Identifier NodesAPR 2001 Rev 03 147linkMonBtoRber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.31 DisplayString(0..8)Read Only Link monitor base to remote bit error ratelinkMonMissPktCnt 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.32 Counter Read Only Link monitor missed packet countlinMonEnvPBtoR 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.33 INTEGER Read Only Link monitor base to remote envelope powerlinkMonEnvPRtoB 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.34 INTEGER Read Only Link monitor remote to base envelope powerlinkMonCorrPBtoR 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.35 INTEGER Read Only Link monitor base to remote correlation powerlinkMonCorrPRtoB 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.36 INTEGER Read Only Link monitor remote to base correlation powerSystem CommandsrebootCurrent 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.1 INTEGER Read/Write Reboot current system image: 1 = rebootrebootImage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.2 DisplayString(0..15)Read/Write Reboot specified system image: system image file namerebootNewRfConfig 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.3 INTEGER Read/Write Reboot new RF configuration:1 = rebootrestFactConfReboot 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.4 INTEGER Read/Write Restore factory configuration and reboot:1 = restoresaveConfToFlash 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.5 INTEGER Read/Write Save current configuration to flash:1 = saveresetRadioStats 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.6 INTEGER Read/Write Reset radio statistics: 1 = resetresetEthernetStats 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.7 INTEGER Read/Write Reset Ethernet statistics:1 = resetGroup Parameter Address/Node Syntax Access Description
Appendix D: SNMP148 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
APR 2001 Rev 03 149Appendix E: Technical Reference InformationFront Panel LEDs.Note: The Air LED and the Wire LED are bi-color LEDs: red and green. The displayed color depends on the proportion of received data to transmitted data. The LEDs are mostly green when more data is received than transmitted, and mostly red when more data is transmitted than received. When approximately equal amounts of data are received and transmitted at the same time, the LEDs is orange, which is the color that results from combining equal amounts of red and green.LED Type Color StatusAir (in Normal Mode)Orange Transmitting and receiving approximately equal amounts of data over the airGreen Receiving data from the airRed Transmitting data to the airOff Listening to the airMode Green Receive test mode - RS-232 displays statisticsRed Continuous Transmit test modeOrange RSSI test mode - measures fade margin, which is indicated by the color of the Air LEDOff Normal transceiver modeWire Green Receiving data from the wireRed Transmitting data to the wireOrange Transmitting and receiving data on the wireOff Listening to the wire or no wire connnectedPower Green Power is connected to the transceiverOff No power is connected to the transceiver
Appendix E: Technical Reference Information150 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideDC Power Plug PinoutPin 1 +12 VDCPin 2 GNDPin 3 N/C DC Power Plug213Power Supply Unit AC Power CordDetail
APR 2001 Rev 03 151Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Main MenuUnit IdentificationHardware/Software RevisionSystem Software ROM ImagesCurrent System StatusNetwork ConfigurationIP Filter ConfigurationRF Station ConfigurationRadio Module ConfigurationRF/Ethernet StatisticsSystem SecuritySystem CommandsLink Monitor DisplayLogoutUnit IdentificationSerial Number Production Date Ethernet MAC AddressUnit Name/DescriptionUnit LocationContact NameSystem Revision InformationHardwareROM SizeRAM SizeSoftwareFile NameSystem Software ROM Images System Current StatusCumulative Run-TimeCurrent Run-TimeSuccessful LoginsUnsuccessful LoginsLocal User Logged InTelnet User Logged InFTP User Logged InNetwork ConfigurationInternet IP AddressNew IP Address (Reboot Reqd)Internet IP Subnet MaskDefault Gateway IP AddressSNMP NMS Trap IP AddressMAC Filter Entry Age Time MinutesIP Filter ConfigurationIP Packet FilteringIP Address Filtering Filter 1 Range Filter 1 Base AddressFilter 2 Range Filter 2 Base AddressFilter 3 Range Filter 3 Base AddressFilter 4 Range Filter 4 Base AddressFilter 5 Range Filter 5 Base AddressRF Station ConfigurationOperating ModeRF Transmit StatusLink Monitor PeriodTest Mode Timer MinutesBase Station Only ParametersMaximum Remote DistanceLink Monitor Remote Station RankRemote Station Only ParametersThrottle EnableThrottle Level(view only)System SecuritySNMP Community Name 1SNMP Community Name 2Change User PasswordConfirm User PasswordChange Supervisor PasswordConfirm Supervisor PasswordEthernet Access to Local HostWireless Access to Local HostAuto Logout Minutes System CommandsDefault System ImageReboot a System ImageReboot Current ImageRestore Factory Config and RebootReset Radio StatisticsReset Ethernet StatisticsRF Link Monitor Statistics RF Ethernet Statistics (view only)Appendix F: Menu Map(view only)Radio Module ConfigurationStation Type Station RankCenter FrequencySecurity Password 1 Security Password 2 Security Password 3 Security Password 4 Security Password 5 Scrambling Code Acquisition Code Config Test MinutesBase Station Only ParametersRepeater ModeSystem Symmetry TypeDynamic Polling Level Remote Station Only ParametersRemote Unit RF Group Reboot New RF configurationSave Current Config to FlashTx Power Level Adjust
Appendix F: Menu Map152 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
APR 2001 Rev 03 153Appendix G: Upgrading SoftwareIf necessary, you can upgrade the software of a AWE 120-58. This section explains how to use FTP to download a new software image to a AWE unit.Before you can download a new software image you need the following items.• A copy of the software image file• A PC connected to the AWE unit via the network• Basic network software installed on your PC, including ftp, ping, telnet, SNMP manager (optional)Obtaining New Software ImagesNew software image files are available from the Wi-LAN support web page at www.wilan.com.Downloading Image Software1. Obtain the new image files.2. Open a DOS session on your PC. From Windows®, choose Start, Programs, MS-DOS Prompt.3. Copy the new image files to a known directory, for example c:\wilan\images. (Create a new directory if a suitable directory does not already exist.)4. Go to the directory by typing cd c:\wilan\images and press Enter.5. List the contents of the directory. Type dir and press Enter. The names of image files should be listed in the directory.C:> copy <image filename> c:\wilan\imagesThis directory is an example only.
Appendix G: Upgrading Software154 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide6. Type ftp <IP address> and press Enter where the IP address is the address of the AWE unit. The PC connects to the unit.Note: ftp must be installed on your PC.7. Type "awe" and press Enter. The password prompt appears.8. Type the supervisor password for the unit and press Enter. (Supervisor access is required to change unit settings–see Setting Menu Passwords, page 92). The ftp> prompt appears. 9. After the ftp prompt, type the following "put" command.Note: Leave a single space after "put."where.Current directory that contains the image file (for example, c:\wilan\images)<image filename> Name of the image filec:\wilan\images>ftp 192.168.3.85Connected to 192.168.3.85220 Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Ethernet Bridge FTP ServerUser (192.168.3.85(none)):This IP address is an example only. Enter the IP address of your unit.c:\wilan\images>ftp 192.168.3.85Connected to 192.168.3.85220 Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Ethernet Bridge FTP ServerUser (192.168.3.85(none)):awe331 Password requiredPassword:ftp> put .\<image filename>
Activating New Software ImagesAPR 2001 Rev 03 15510. Press Enter. The image file transfers from the PC to the unit. The status of the transfer, the file size and the transfer time are displayed.Tip: If you type ftp> help, online instructions for using ftp are displayed.11. Type bye and press Enter to exit ftp and return to the DOS window.12. Activate the new software image. See Activating New Software Images, below.Activating New Software ImagesAfter you download new image files to a unit, you need to configure the unit to operate from the new image rather than from the current image. If you are on-site, you can use the Main Menu to select the default image. See Setting Default System Image, page 97.If you are at a remote location from the unit, you can use telnet to access the unit’s configuration menu or use SNMP manager software (SNMP parameter = defaultImage) to choose the default image file. See Appendix D: SNMP, page 133.Removing Old Software ImagesTo delete old software images from a AWE unit, you must use ftp to connect to the unit, log in as a "supervisor" and delete images using the "ftp delete" command. Images The amount of flash memory available to store images is limited. To see the amount of memory available, see Viewing System Revision Information, page 39.ftp>put .\<image filename>200 Port set okay150 Opening binary mode connection226 Transfer complete10484 bytes sent in 0.11 seconds (95.31 Kbytes/sec)ftp>bye
Appendix G: Upgrading Software156 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
APR 2001 Rev 03 157GlossaryAabsorptionAntennas mounted too close to “soft” objects, such as trees, may experience a reduction in signal strength due to absorption. Absorption is most often encountered in applications installed during the fall or winter months. The problem does not become evident until the spring when leaves appear.acquisition codeTo minimize the effects of interference, all units in a system use the same acquisition code so the receivers can distinguish the desired signal from other interfering signals.agentIn an SNMP context, the agent runs on each unit. An agent accepts configuration commands from the manager and collects network and terminal information specified in the MIB.antennaA device which accepts electromagnetic energy from a circuit or wire and radiates it into space rather than confining it.antenna gainGain of the antenna over a dipole (dBd) or isotropic (dBi).• Antennas have a gain associated with them, which is a measure of their ability to amplify signals in their tuned band.• Antenna gain is achieved by focusing the signal. A higher gain antenna has more compressed signal.ARPAddress Resolution Protocol. A low-level protocol that maps IP addresses to Ethernet addresses. An ARP request is sent out to the network along with an IP address. The node with the address responds to the request with a hardware address so the transmission can take place.attenuationAny loss in signal strength, due to resistance, absorption, capacitance or any characteristic of the medium or design of the system.
Glossary158 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideBbase stationThe central control unit of the wireless network. A base station polls remote units and controls how traffic is routed to remotes. The base usually connects to a major access point of main wired network.beamwidthThe beamwidth of an antenna describes how a signal spreads out from the antenna as well as the range of the reception area. Beamwidth is measured between the points on the beam pattern at which the power density is half of the maximum power. This is often referred to as the -3 dB points. A high gain antenna has a very narrow beamwidth and may be more difficult to align.BERBit Error Rate. A percentage of bits per million, showing the number of bits in error compared to the data bits actually sent.blockingBlocking is an operating mode where the radio receives only. Unblocked is the normal operating mode.Ccable lossThe signal loss experienced as it passes through the coax cable. Expressed in dB.channelThe part of the spectrum band occupied by a radio signal, usually measured in kilohertz (kHz).closed systemA system where remotes cannot communicate directly with each other. They can only communicate with each other via a base station.coaxial cableA type of wire where the inner conductor is surrounded by an outer conductor. The outer conductor serves as an electrical shield.co-locationRefers to placing base stations or units in the same location. In this situation, base stations or units can interfer with each other unless steps are taken to isolate the systems from one another (such as aligning antennas or using different channels).collisionThe situation that exists when two users try to send a signal over the same medium at the same time and the signal uses the same frequencies.configuration menusMenus that allow the viewing and setting of unit parameters.
APR 2001 Rev 03 159contentionless pollingA form of dynamic polling that ignores idle remote stations. The number of polls that an idle remote is ignored can be set to maximize polling to active stations.Cross-Polarization DiscriminationSee XPD.DdBDecibel. A relative measure of power used to specify power gains and losses. The difference in power P1 and P2 expressed in dB is DB9A D-shaped connector with 9 pins.dBddBd is antenna gain referenced over a half-wave dipole which is an antenna that has a donut shaped radiation pattern. Gain of a Standard Dipole = 2.14 dBi.dBidBi is antenna gain referenced over an isotropic radiator which is a theoretical antenna that radiates equally in all directions (e.g. the sun). Wi-LAN references antenna gain in dBi. The conversion factor is: 0 dBd = 2.14 dBi.dBmA power measurement referenced to one milliwatt. This is an absolute measure of gain.diffractionDiffraction occurs when a radio signal reflects or bounces off of a solid object. The level of diffraction could lead to connectivity problems if the remaining signal level is too low. Two types of diffraction are shadowing and multipath.downtiltSome antennas have either an associated downtilt or an uptilt. The tilt further focuses the signal either downward or upward with respect to the horizon. A tilt may be either electrically built into the antenna or achieved mechanically with the mounting gear. An downtilt or uptilt may be required when there is a significant deviation between the elevation of the remote site(s) and the base site.DSSSDirect sequence spread spectrum. A method of expanding the radio signal over a broad portion of the radio band. dynamic polling (DP)A polling protocol in which idle units are not polled as frequently as active units. Since less time is spent polling idle remotes, there are more available resources for active units and overhead is reduced.dB 10 P1P2⁄()log×=
Glossary160 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guidedynamic time allocation (DTA)A process for determining how active a remote unit is. A unit is allowed a brief time to respond to a poll before the remote is considered idle.EEEPROMElectrically Erasable, Programable Read Only Memory: non-volatile memory.EIRPEffective Isotropically Radiated Power. EIRP is the amount of power that is transmitted to the air from the antenna. EIRP levels depend on the power of the radio transmitter, the size of the antenna and the losses incurred in the antenna cable. To remain license exempt, the EIRP must remain under 4 watts or 36 dBm in Canada and the United States for point-to-multipoint applications. In Europe, this value is reduced to 100 mW or to 20 dBm.Note: EIRP = Power out of unit – Power lost in cable + Gain in power from antennaERPEffective Radiated Power. The power radiating from an antenna, taking into account the output power from the transmitter, connector losses, cable losses and the antenna gain.ETSIEuropean Telecommunications Standards Institute.Ffade marginThe amount that the system gain plus the total antenna gain exceeds the path loss is called the fade margin. The fade margin is calculated as the number of dB that the received signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity. filteringFiltering limits certain data packets or IP addresses from being passed by a unit.FHSSFrequency hopping spread spectrum. A method of spreading a narrowband signal across a wide radio band by "hopping" the signal as a function of time.Flash memoryA type of electrically erasable non-volatile memory that can easily be erased without removal from a unit.fresnel zoneThe zone around the line of sight between two antennas. It consists of one of a (theoretically infinite) number of a concentric ellipsoids of revolution that define volumes in the radiation pattern of a (usually) circular aperture.
APR 2001 Rev 03 161front to back ratio (F/B)Directional antennas focus the signal in a forward path. This is achieved by directing the signal in one direction that reduces the signal in the opposite direction. A higher gain antenna typically has a greater F/B ratio.ftpFile transfer protocol. A network utility program for moving files between nodes.GgainThe ability of a device to amplify a signal. Gain is the ratio of output power divided by input power, usually expressed in decibels (dB). Gain can also be measured as an absolute value, referenced to an input signal of 1 mW (dBm). For antennas, gain measures the ability of an antenna to focus a signal and is expressed in dBd (half-wave dipole reference) or dBi (isotrophic raditator reference).gatewayThe access point between one LAN and another LAN that would otherwise be incompatible with each other. It is usually a hardware device that steers communication between networks while performing code and protocol conversions.IIEEEInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.imageAn image is a collection of configurations or settings for a particular device. With the unit, the System Image File contains a collection of configurations that are used when the unit is rebooted.interferenceAny signal that tends to hamper the normal reception of a desired signal. Equivalent to jamming except considered non-hostile in origin.IP AddressA number assigned to a network node, domain or subdivision. The number consists of four numbers—the first two numbers identify the network and subnetwork and the last two numbers identify unique nodes in the network. ISMIndustrial, Scientific, and Medical. It consists of three license-exempt radio bands in North America and some European countries. It is also referred to as part 15.247 in the FCC regulation that defines the parameters for use of the ISM band in the U.S., including power outputs, spread-spectrum, and noninterference.
Glossary162 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideLlink monitorA AWE utility that sends known data over an active system to test the reliability of the RF link. The link monitor information is overhead, that is, it reduces the amount of available payload for message data.LOS (Line of Sight)A clear, visual line of sight between antennas. When standing at the antenna position, you must be able to see the remote antenna. An elliptical pattern around the line of site, known as the Fresnel Zone, must be kept free of obstructionsMMAC addressMedia Access Control address. Alphanumeric characters that uniquely identify a network-connected device. To prevent unneccesary traffic over a radio channel, units automatically learn the MAC addresses of equipment connected to the local Ethernet segment and do not transmit over the radio channel if the destination is local. A packet entering a subscriber unit from the radio port is not sent to the Ethernet port unless the destination MAC address has been learned from packets entering the Ethernet port.managerWhen used in SNMP, this element is installed on the network’s host computer and is controlled by the network administrator. From the host, the manager configures agents or polls agents for information.MIBManagement Information Block. The MIB is a database which is accessed by a specific set of commands that you can execute using the SNMP Manager. There is a standard MIB and a Wi-LAN customized MIB that stores information relevant to the operation of a wireless network.multipath interferenceWhen a radio signal is transmitted, it can reflect off of physical objects in the environment and take various paths to the receiver. As a result, the signal can arrive at a receiver at different times, confuse the receiver, and cause bit errors and processing delays.OOID nodesObject Identifier Nodes. These are the individual nodes in a MIB. See SNMP and MIB.open systemA system where remote units can communicate directly with each other and with the base station.
APR 2001 Rev 03 163overheadAnything that reduces the payload capacity of a system is overhead, even if it serves a useful function. The link monitor data is used to determine transmission statistics, but it reduces the message carrying capacity of a wireless link and is considered overhead. Ppath lossThe total loss from one end of the path to the other. This includes propagation losses, cable losses and any other losses that impact the system performance.PNPseudo-random noise. A code used to change a narrowband signal into a spread spectrum signal.polarizationThe orientation of the radiating element of an antenna with respect to earth. The polarizaiton of antennas is usually described as being vertical, horizontal or circular.point-to-multipointA wireless system where one base unit communicates with many remote units. The base unit polls all the remotes and data passes between units to complete the network.point-to-pointThe simplest wireless system consisting of a base and one remote. pollingThe base unit in a AWE point-to-multipoint system handles multiple remotes by polling each one sequentially. When a base polls a remote, data exchange between that remote and the base takes place. The remote cannot exchange information with the base until it is polled again.propagation lossThe signal loss experienced as it travels through the air. Expressed in dB.RRFRadio Frequency. A system of communication using electromagnetic waves propagated through space. Because of varying characteristics, radio waves of different lengths are used for different purposes and are usually identified by their frequency.remote unitA unit that can communicate with a base station or other remote units. A remote unit forms a wireless link between a network segment and a base station.repeater baseA repeater base rebroadcasts packets received from a remote unit to other remote units. Remote units that cannot see each other (do not have LOS) can communicate through a repeater base.
Glossary164 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration GuideRS-232Standards for serial communications, which define the voltages, currents, data rates and other factors about the signals to be used, as well as single-ended, differential, multi-drop operation.RSSIReceived Signal Strength Indicator. Strength of received signal expressed in dB. The AWE unit measures RSSI as a fade margin value.Sscrambling codeA code used to scramble messages, so that only units with the same scrambling can read the messages.sensitivityThe minimum signal strength required for usable performance by a unit. Expressed in dBm.shadowingShadowing is a form of diffraction that is typically caused when antennas are mounted too close to a structure and lose a portion of the signal lobe due to reflection. The receive antenna is in a shadowed area. To minimize shadowing, ensure that there is adequate height above when mounting antenna equipment to a structure.SNMPSimple Network Management Protocol. A protocol you can use to remotely manage a network element by polling, setting terminal values, and monitoring network statistics and events. It is the de facto internet work management standard, designed to provide a mechanism for the exchange of management information in a TCP/IP-based Internet environment.spread spectrum (SS)Any of a group of modulation formats in which an RF bandwidth much wider than signal bandwidth is used to transmit information, resulting in a greater immunity to noise interference.system gainThe maximum path loss that the system can support for usable data transmission.system image fileThe AWE unit uses system image files to store system configuration settings. The default system image file is called “factory-image” and is used when the AWE is first powered up.TtelnetAn Internet communications protocol that enables a computer to function as a terminal working on a remote computer. A computer with a network connection to a AWE unit can use telnet to access its configuration menus.
APR 2001 Rev 03 165throttlingThrottling limits the amount of data that a remote station passes. This feature is used to improve overall system performance by adjusting the throughput of a unit to match the throughput of other devices in the network.UuptiltSee downtilt.VVSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio)VSWR is the voltage ratio of minimum to maximum across a transmission line. A VSWR of 2.0:1 or less in an antenna is considered effective. Most antennas have a VSWR of 1.5:1. For example, when using a radio with a 4 watt output with an antenna VSWR of 1.5:1, the reflected power will be 160 milliwatts.WW-OFDMWide-band orthoganal frequency division multiplexing. A method patented by Wi-LAN that divides a channel into several sub-channels, spreading the signal over the subchannels and correcting errors without having to retransmit. W-OFDM permits several independent channels to operate within the same band, enabling multipoint networks and point-to-point systems to be overlaid in the same frequency band.XXPD (Cross-Polarization Discrimination)Antennas have an associated polarity, which is the orientation of the radiating element with respect to earth. Antennas are usually described as being vertically, horizontally or circularly polarized. The polarity of all antennas used in a system must be the same. XPD specifies the amount of signal isolation achieved when the receiving element is perpendicular to the radiating element. This can be advantageous when co-locating radio systems.
Glossary166 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
APR 2001 Rev 03 167IndexNumerics10/100 BaseT connector 9Aabsorptionand antennas 119defined 157accessingconfiguration menus 34–35acquisition code 75configuring 75defined 157adding to your network 30addressSNMP NMS trap IP address 44adjusting Tx power level 76adminstrative best practices 105agentdefined 157agentsSNMP 133antennas 118–122absorption 119beamwidth 118clearance requirements 122connector 9cross-polarization discrimination 119dBd vs. dBi 118defined 157diffraction 119downtilt 118EIRP 121fade margin 121fine-tuning 123front to back ratio 118gain 113, 115, 118, 157installation factors 121installing 122list of approved 120LOS 121maximizing capabilities 121minimal clearance 122multipath interference 119pre-installation 112safety 121selecting 120shadowing 119uptilt 118voltage standing wave ratio 119arrow keyssetting in telnet sessions 35assembling units 14asymmetricbase station system type 79attenuationand antennas 115defined 157auto logout minutes 95automatic logout timeout 95Bback panel 8LED 9base stationdefined 158pre-configuration steps 16repeater mode 78setting 68system symmetry typeasymmetric 79symmetric 79basic RF link 21testing 23basic test setup 22beamwidthand antennas 118
Index 168 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guidedefined 158bench test 21bench test kitcontents 7indoor antenna connection 14part number 14best practices 105bit error ratedefined 158display in link monitor 101blockingdefined 158Ccable lossand link budget variables 114defined 158cabling 10calculatingEIRP 114Fresnel radius 116propagation loss 115center frequenciesconfiguring 72, 73center frequency 72choosing center frequencies 70change user password 92, 93changing configuration with SNMP 134clearance requirementsantennas 122closed system 81coaxial cable 158collisiondefined 158co-located base stations, installing 30command line 104command line interface 104community names 91setting 37config test timeout period 67configuration menusaccessing 34navigating 34configuration settingsrestoring factory configuration 99configuringacquisition code 75base stationmaximum remote distance 62repeater mode 78system symmetry type 79center frequencies 72, 73community names 37default gateway IP address 44default system image file 97Ethernet access 94IP settings 44network configuring 132networks 128, 131operating mode 51passwordslogin 92radios 65–85rank 69remote access 94remote stationRF group 83throttling 64scrambling code 74SNMP NMS trap IP address 44station type 68test mode timer 53timeoutlogin 95unitidentification 37name 38configuring with the Main Menu 36connecting antenna and power 15connecting PC to management port 16connectors10/100 BaseT 9antenna 9power supply 9contentionless polling 1defined 159copyright notice ixCorr Power 101correlation power 101and the link monitor display 101cross-polarization discriminationand antennas 119defined 165cumulative run-time 41current imagerebooting 98current run-time 41DdB
APR 2001 Rev 03 169defined 159DB9 159dBddefined 159vs. dBi 118dBidefined 159defaultIP gateway address 44system image file 97default image 97descriptions of unitsbase station 2remote unit 2repeater 2diffractionand antennas 119defined 159distancesetting maximum remote distance 62downtiltantennas 118defined 159DSSSdefined 159DTA 80dual unit repeater 6dyamic time allocation 80dynamic pollingdefined 159dynamic polling level 80dynamic time allocationdefined 160EEEPROM 160EIRPand link budget variables 113antennas 121calculating 114defined 160enablingsharing on hard disk 132throttling 64Env Power 101envelope power 101and the link monitor display 101equipment and tools 14ERP 160establishing a basic RF link 21Ethernetconfiguring access via 94resetting statistics 100viewing statistics 86Ethernet statistics 86ETSI 160Ffactory configuration 99restoring 99fade margins 160and antennas 121measuring with RSSI mode 59fanfan air vent 9features 1ferrite blockinstalling 25FHSSdefined 160field installation 29filtering 160filtersenabling IP address filtering 47setting IP address filter range 48setting IP filter base address 48fine-tuningantennas 123Fresnel zonedefined 160illustration 115radius calculation 115front panel 8front to back ratioand antennas 118defined 161ftp 30upgrading software with 153ftp user logged in 41ftp, using 27Ggaindefined 161gatewaydefined 161gateway IP addresssetting default 44general equipment setup for RF tests 52getting help x
Index 170 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guideguidelines for field installation 29Hhyperterminalaccessing menu with 34starting 125IIEEE 161image filesrebooting current 98setting default 97viewing 40installationblock diagram 13description of block diagram 13overview 13installation guidelines 29installingantennas 121, 122weatherproofing 112installing units in the field 29interferencedefined 161multipath 119internet IPSNMP NMS trap address 44internet IP address 43IP address filtering 47IP filters 45IP packet filtering 47IP subnet addresssetting default 43ISM 161Llink budgetsantenna gain 113cable loss 114EIRP 113path loss 114propagation loss 113system gain 113variables 113link monitorconfiguring for remote station 64performing link monitor test 54, 55setting link monitor period 61setting remote station rank 63statistics example 57viewing link statistics when testing RF link 24viewing statistics 101local user logged in 41log out of the Main Menu 102logging in to menususing management port 35logging out 102login timeoutconfiguring 95logging in after 95LOS 162antennas 121MMAC address 162unit identification 37MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutessetting 44main menu 33manager 162SNMP 133maximum remote distance 62MC-DSSS technology 1menu map 151menu passwords 92menusaccessing 34navigating 34MIBdefined 162SNMP 133Wi-LAN nodes 134minimal clearanceabove obstructions 122minimum cable lengths 120missed packet count 101mode button 103location on unit 9monitorRS-232 link monitor 53monitoring network 31multipath interference 119defined 162Nnamescommunity 37navigatingmenus 34network adaptor installation
APR 2001 Rev 03 171checking 127network configuring 132network monitoring 31network planobtaining the 14network testing with ftp 30new software imagesactivating 155normal operating mode 54, 55noticescopyright ixOobject identifier nodesconfiguration 135statistics 145system image list 144system status 145using 135OID nodesdefined 162Wi-LAN 134–147open system 81operating mode 51configuring using menus 51, 53original factory configuration 99Ppanelback 8front 8passwords 92path lossand link budget variables 114defined 163physical layoutplanning 111ping, using 27point-to-multipoint installation 30point-to-multipoint systemdefined 163point-to-multipoint wireless network 3point-to-pointdefined 163point-to-point wireless bridge 3polarizationdefined 163pollingdefined 163powerelectricalsupply connector 9power level adjustment 76power plug pinout 150pre-configurepre-congifiguring units during installation 16steps 16prerequisitesantenna installation 112network planning 111preventative maintenance 31product overview 1propagation lossand link budget variables 113calculating 115defined 163put commanddownloading new image files to unit 154Rradioconfiguring 65–85resetting statistics 100setting station type 68specifications 10viewing statistics 86radio module configuration 65rankconfiguring 69rear panel 9reboot a unit 84reboot current image 98reboot image 98rebooting 84current image 98new RF configuration 84receive test 57regulatory compliance ixremote accessallowing 94configuring 94remote stationsetting link monitor from 64remote to base corr power 101remote to base env power 101remote unitconfiguring 68defined 163pre-configuration steps 20remote unit RF group 83
Index 172 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guideremote-to-remote communication 4repeater 6repeater base 77repeater mode 77repeater mode and RF group setting 82repeater unitdefined 163resettingethernet statistics 100radio/RF statistics 100restoringfactory configuration settings 99restoring factory configuration 99RFdefined 163groups 83resetting statistics 100viewing statistics 86RF group 83RF network planningoverview 111, 153physical layout 111prerequisites 111RF Station Configurationnormal mode 49receive test 49RSSI test 49transmit test 49RF Statistics 86RF statistics 86RF test equipment setup 52RF transmit status 60ROMviewing images 40ROM images 40RS-232defined 164RSSIdefined 164RSSI LED indicatormode button 59RSSI modeconfiguringwith menus 53with mode button 49, 58, 89, 96RSSI mode 59RSSI test 59Ssafetyantennas 121save current configuration to FLASH 85scrambling codeconfiguring 74scrambling codes 74sectors 5, 30security 89community names 37remote access 94setting login timeouts 95system 37, 89security passwords 73see install 10selectingantennas 120selecting operating mode with mode button 103sensitivity 164set the operating mode 51setting internet IP address 43setting VT100 arrows 35shadowing 119, 164shipping package contents 7simple network test 25, 27simple network test setup 27site master test set 29SNMPagents 133defined 164manager 133MIB 133setting community names for 37setting NMS trap IP address 44SNMP application software 134SNMP NMS trap address 44setting 44software upgrade 153specifications 10configuration 11environment 11general 10network support 10radio 10security 11wireless network protocols 11spread spectrumdefined 164spread spectrum, MCDSS 10station rank 69station type 68statistics 86
APR 2001 Rev 03 173resetting statistics 100viewing Ethernet 86viewing RF 86successful logins 41supervisor password 93default 34sweeping antennas 29symmetricbase station system type 79systemphysical layout 111security 89system gaindefined 164system image files 96setting the default 97system symmetry type 79Ttelnetaccessing units with 35setting arrow keys in sessions 35telnet user logged in 41test time minutes 53testing with a simple wireless network 25throttle enable 64throttle level 64throttling 64configuring 64defined 165timeoutslogin 95timertest mode 53tools and equipment 14transmit or receive tests 57transmit test 57trap address 44troubleshooting x, 106troubleshooting areas 106troubleshooting chart 107Tx power leveladjustment 76Uunitidentification 37name 38unit identificationcontact name 37MAC address 37production date 37serial number 37unit location 37unit name/description 37unsuccessful logins 41upgrading software 153uptiltantennas 118defined 165user password 92default 34Vvariableslink budgets 113view link monitor rank 101view missed packet count 101view remote to base BER 101viewingcurrent radio module configuration 65current system status 41Ethernet statistics 86IP addresses 42link monitor statistics 101radio/RF statistics 86subnet mask 42system revision information 39system software ROM images 40voltage standing wave ratioand antennas 119defined 165VT100 arrows 35WWANsystem configuration 34weatherproofing 112wirelessconfiguring access via 94wireless bridge 3W-OFDMdefined 165
Index 174 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide
We are interested in your comments.Please contact us by email at docfeedback@wi-lan.com if you have any comments about this user guide.Product Code: 5710-0005 Copyright© APR 2001 Rev 03 AWE 120-58Installation & Configuration Guide 5710-0005APR 2001 Rev 03www.wi-lan.com

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