Xantrex Link 1000 Users Manual About_Link1000

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Link 1000

Owner’s Guide

About Xantrex

Xantrex Technology develops, manufactures, and markets advanced power

electronic products. The company’s products convert raw electrical power from

any source into high-quality power required by electronic and electrical

equipment.

Trademark

Xantrex is a registered trademark of Xantrex International

Other trademarks, registered trademarks, and product names are the property of

their respective owners and are used herein for identification purposes only.

Notice of Copyright

Link 1000 Owner’s Guide © July 2003 Xantrex International. All rights reserved.

Disclaimer

UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, XANTREX

TECHNOLOGY INC. (“XANTREX”)

(a) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR

SUITABILITY OF ANY TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN

ITS MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION.

(b) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE,

WHETHER DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH

MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION. THE USE OF ANY

SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK.

Date and Revision

July 2003, Revision A

Part Number

975-0056-01-01

Contact Information

Web: www.xantrex.com

Email: CustomerSupport@xantrex.com

Phone: 1-800-670-0707 (toll free in North America) 1-604-422-2777 (direct)

Fax: 1-604-420-2145

iii

Contents

1 Introducing Link 1000

Introducing the Link 1000- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2

Inverter/Charger Control Functions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2

Monitoring Functions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2

Reading the Link 1000 Control Panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4

Where to go From Here - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6

2 Installing the Link 1000

Planning the Installation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8

Supplied Parts - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8

Materials You Need to Supply - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8

Tools - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9

Installation Considerations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9

Safety - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9

Performance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9

Color-Coded Wiring - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10

Twisted Pair Wires - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10

Separate Engine Starting Battery - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10

Installing the Link 1000 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11

Overview of Installation Steps - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11

Mounting the Link 1000 Control Panel- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13

Mounting and Cabling the Shunt - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14

Wiring the Terminal Block - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15

Connecting Terminal Block Wires to Shunt and Battery - - - - - 16

Installing Fuses- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 17

Connecting the Phone Cable - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 17

Testing the Installation- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 17

Contents

Contents

iv

Maintenance- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18

Disconnecting the Inverter/Charger - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18

3 Setting up the Link 1000

About Link 1000 Settings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20

Probable Changes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20

Possible Changes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20

Other Settings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20

How to Enter Setup Mode and Change a Value - - - - - - - - - 20

Locking Your Setup Values - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 21

Resetting Values- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 21

Battery Capacity - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 22

Estimated Capacities for 12 Volt Flooded Batteries - - - - - - - 22

Estimated Capacities for Gel Cell Batteries - - - - - - - - - - - - 22

Estimated Capacities for Multiple Batteries - - - - - - - - - - - - 22

Changing the Battery Capacity Setting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 23

Changing the Battery Type Setting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 23

Changing the Ambient Temperature Setting - - - - - - - - - - - 24

Charged Parameters- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 25

Changing the Charged Voltage Setting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 25

Changing the Charged Current Percentage Setting - - - - - - - 25

Changing the Time Remaining Setting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 26

Changing the Power Share Setting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 27

Changing the Idle Mode Setting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 28

Advanced Function Values - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29

How to Enter Setup Mode and Change a Value: Reminder - - 29

F01 Auto Display Scanning - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29

F02 Display Sleep - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29

F03 Set or Display Ambient Battery Temperatures - - - - - - - 30

F04 Toggle Display Between Ah and kWhr - - - - - - - - - - - - 30

F05 Turn on Alternative Energy Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 31

F06 Manually Set CEF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 31

F07 Set Temperature Coefficient - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 31

F08 Set Peukert’s Exponent - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 32

F09 Set Low Battery Discharge Floor - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 32

Contents

v

F10 Select Battery Type - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 33

F11 Turn on Second Battery Voltage Sense - - - - - - - - - - - - 33

F12 Number of Overload Conditions Experienced - - - - - - - 33

F13 Number of Inverter Low Battery Shutdowns - - - - - - - - 33

F14 Test Control Panel Display - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 34

F15 Display Software Revision Number - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 34

F16 Turn on Active Temperature Compensation - - - - - - - - 34

4 Using the Link 1000

Monitoring Functions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 36

Choosing a Display Unit: Volts, Amps, Ah, or Time- - - - - - - - 36

Reading the Battery State-of-Charge - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 37

Scaling the BATTERY STATUS Light Bar - - - - - - - - - - - - 37

Inverter Functions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 38

Turning on the Invert Function - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 38

Changing the Idle Mode Setting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 38

Charging Functions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 39

Summary of CHARGER STATUS LEDs - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 39

Charging the Batteries - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 40

Equalizing the Batteries - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 40

Precautions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 40

Equalizing Gel Cell Batteries - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 42

Activating Power Share - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 42

Battery Capacity Testing - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 42

Synchronizing the Link 1000 to the Battery- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 44

Over-charge Ah (Accumulation of Positive Ah) - - - - - - - - - 45

Battery History - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 46

Interpreting Battery History - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 46

Reading Error Codes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48

Contents

vi

ASpecifications

Control Panel: Electrical Specifications- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 52

Control Panel: Physical Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 52

Default Settings- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 53

BProduct and System Information

Warranty - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 56

Disclaimer - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 58

Product - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 58

Exclusions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 58

Warning: Limitations On Use - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 59

Return Material Authorization Policy - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 59

Return Material Procedure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 59

Product Information - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 60

Record of System Settings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 61

Index - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 63

vii

Link 1000 Control Panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4

System Overview (Wiring)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12

Display Panel and Mounting Plate - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13

Link 1000 Mounting Plate - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -14

BATTERY STATUS Light Bar - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 37

Figures

viii

1

Introducing Link

1000

Chapter 1 describes:

• The Link 1000’s control and monitoring

functions

• The features on its control panel

Introducing the Link 1000

2

Introducing the Link 1000

The Link 1000 gives you complete remote control of the

Freedom 458, Freedom, and Freedom Marine Inverter/

Chargers. It also lets you monitor the performance of your

battery power system.

Inverter/Charger Control Functions

From the Link 1000 control panel, you can:

• Turn the invert function on and off

• Start or end an equalization cycle

• Activate the Power Share feature. This automatically

lowers the charger’s output to prevent AC breakers from

tripping if too many loads come on at once.

• Place the inverter/charger in Idle (standby) mode so it

only begins inverting at a level that you choose. This

power-saving feature minimizes the draw on your battery

by turning the inverter off until it’s really needed.

• Make custom settings for numerous functions including

battery type, battery capacity, and Power Share mode.

These let you set up the Link 1000 so it suits the

characteristics of your system.

• Lock your setup values so no one can inadvertently

change them

Monitoring Functions

The Link 1000 control panel lets you see:

• The battery’s state-of-charge at a glance

• The voltage of the battery being monitored and the

voltage of a second (starting) battery

• The flow of current into the battery (charge rate)

• The flow of current out of the battery (consumption rate)

• The number of Ah (Amp-hours) that have been

consumed

Introducing the Link 1000

3

• The time remaining in your battery before it is

completely discharged

• Which charging stage the batteries are in (Bulk,

Acceptance, Float, or Equalization)

• Battery history including:

• Present charge efficiency

• The number of deep cycles the battery has had

• The deepest level of discharge

• The average level of discharge

Reading the Link 1000 Control Panel

4

Reading the Link 1000 Control Panel

The Link 1000 control panel lets you monitor the battery

system and control the inverter/charger. Its features are

described below. Further details are provided as you need

them throughout the guide.

Figure 1 Link 1000 Control Panel

1BATTERY STATUS light bar

When the battery system is operating, the four

LEDs in this light bar act like a “fuel gauge”. The

LEDs light in different sequences and colors to

show the battery’s present state-of-charge. The

statuses are described on page 37.

2

3

456

89

17

Reading the Link 1000 Control Panel

5

2, 3 Numeric display and display units.

You can choose from four display units depending on the

type of information you want to see:

• Volts

•Amps

• Ah (Amp-hours)

• Time Remaining

The procedure for changing display units is given on

page 36 along with an explanation of each display unit.

Note:The numeric display also shows Error Codes. If

an error occurs, the display alternates between the

monitoring function you have selected and the Error

Code. For details about Error Codes, see page 48.

4SEL and SET buttons

SET lets you access Setup mode and advanced

functions. Once you are in Setup mode, you press

SEL to choose a function or a setting. Procedures for

changing values are given in Chapter 3.

5CHARGE/PWR SHARE button and LED

Lets you start a charge cycle (see page 40) or change the

Power Share mode setting (see page 27).

6INVERT/IDLE MODE button and LED

Lets you activate the invert function (see page 38) or

change the Idle mode setting (see page 28).

7RESET, DATA, LOCK, FUNC LEDs

•RESET: When it is on, this LED indicates that you are

resetting Ah (Amp-hours) to zero or that you are

returning all settings to the factory defaults. (See

page 21.)

•DATA: Indicates that you are looking at historical

information about your batteries. (See “Interpreting

Battery History” on page 46.)

•LOCK: Indicates you are choosing the setting that

prevents people from inadvertently changing your

setup values. (See page 21.)

•FUNC: Indicates you are accessing the advanced

functions. (See “Advanced Function Values” on

page 29.)

Reading the Link 1000 Control Panel

6

Where to go From Here

• To install the Link 1000, see page 7.

• To set up the Link 1000, see page 19.

• To use the Link 1000, see page 35.

• To call for technical support, see page 56.

8AC IN LED

Indicates that AC power is present.

9CHARGER STATUS LEDs:

•CHG (Red): When this LED is on solid, the battery is

in Bulk charge mode. When this LED is flashing, the

battery is equalizing.

•ACCEPT (orange): The battery is in Acceptance

mode.

•FLOAT (green): The battery is in Float mode.

7

Installing the

Link 1000

Chapter 2 gives:

• An overview of the installation process

• A list of installation tools and equipment

• Installation procedures

We recommend that you read the entire

chapter so you can plan the installation and

obtain all the materials you need before

starting the installation.

Planning the Installation

8

Planning the Installation

Supplied Parts

❐Link 1000 control panel and 4 mounting screws

❐500 amp precision shunt

❐25 foot RJ11 phone cable

❐Owner’s guide

Materials You Need to Supply

Refer to Figure 2 on page 12.

❐Wire harness to connect the Link 1000 control panel to

the shunt and to the positive battery terminal. You can

use 18AWG, twisted pair, for this wiring. You can also

buy the harness from the dealer you bought the Link

1000 from or from West Marine.

Contact West Marine at:

• 1-800-BOATING (Canada and US)

• Fax: 1-831-761-4421 (Canada and US)

When ordering the harness, quote these part numbers:

• 84-2014-00: 25 foot (7.62m) 8-conductor twisted pair

wire

• 84-2015-00: 50 foot (15.24m) 8-conductor twisted pair

wire

❐Appropriately sized copper cable and connectors to

connect the shunt to the battery and the negative bus for

DC loads

Consult a local cable supplier about cable size and

connector type. You may find it convenient to have the

cable supplier attach the connectors.

❐2, 2 amp fuses and fuse holders. (Three fuses and fuse

holders if you are monitoring a second battery.)

❐2 screws to mount the shunt

Planning the Installation

9

❐2 strain reliefs (cable clamps) for the wires and phone

cable coming out the back of the control panel

❐Anti-corrosive spray

❐High current shunt. If your starter current exceeds 500

amps for more than ten seconds, you will need a heavy

duty (1000 amp) shunt instead of the 500 amp shunt that

is supplied with the Link 1000. (You can also use a

separate engine starting battery whose negative is

connected directly to the engine.) The heavy duty shunt

part number is 84-2-13-00.

Tools

❐Wire cutter and stripper

❐Small slot head screwdriver (for the screws on the

terminal block)

❐Phillips screwdriver (for the control panel mounting

screws)

❐Needle-nose pliers

❐9/16 in. wrench to secure cables to the shunt

Installation Considerations

Safety

• If you are using flooded lead-acid batteries, install them

in a separate battery compartment.

• Wiring should be in accordance with NEC, ABYC, or

other applicable national or regional codes.

Performance

• Do not connect anything other than the shunt to the

negative battery terminal. Connect all other loads and

sources to the load side of the shunt. (See Figure 2.)

Planning the Installation

10

• The shunt sense leads must be 18AWG twisted pair

wires.

• Install fuses within seven inches (18cm) of the battery.

Color-Coded Wiring

To avoid confusion during installation, Xantrex recommends

that you buy wires that have the same color coding as shown

in Figure 2.

Twisted Pair Wires

If you wish, you can make your own twisted pairs by twisting

together two wires with a twist every inch. If you make your

own twisted pair, wrap tape around the wires every twelve or

sixteen inches (30 to 40cm) to keep the wires together and to

make them easier to pull through holes and raceways.

Separate Engine Starting Battery

In order to monitor start battery voltage, you need to connect

a sense lead from the Link 1000 terminal block to the positive

battery terminal of the starting battery. This procedure also

requires a 2 amp fuse and fuse holder. See step 6 on page 16

for installation details, and see page 33 for information about

turning this function on.

Installing the Link 1000

11

Installing the Link 1000

Overview of Installation Steps

Complete the installation in this order. Refer to Figure 2.

1. Mount the control panel (page 13).

2. Mount the shunt, and cable it to the negative battery

terminal. Cable the load side of the shunt to the negative

bus for DC loads (page 14).

3. Connect wires to the Link 1000 terminal block (page 15).

4. Connect wires from the terminal block to the shunt and to

the battery’s positive terminal (page 16).

5. Install the fuses (page 17).

6. Connect the phone cable to the control panel and the

inverter/charger (page 17).

Installing the Link 1000

12

Figure 2 System Overview (Wiring)

Cable

Jacket

Phone

Cable

Green

Black

Load

Side

Battery

Side

System Negative

Red

Blue

Orange

Rear of Link 1000

Control Panel

12345

Gnd.

Stud

678

Battery

Neg.

Distribution

2 Amp

Fuses

Pos.

Distribution

500A

Shunt

Engine

Starter

Negative

Start

Battery

Inverter/Charger

Violet

Installing the Link 1000

13

Mounting the Link 1000 Control Panel

The Link 1000 control panel consists of a display panel and a

mounting plate.

To mount the control panel:

1. Separate the display panel and the mounting plate.

Figure 3 Display Panel and Mounting Plate

2. If you are going to run the phone cord and wires through

the opening in the rear of the mounting plate, make a

cutout in the mounting surface using the mounting plate

as a template. (You can also run the phone cord and wires

down from the bottom of the mounting plate.)

3. Screw the mounting plate to the mounting surface as

shown in Figure 4.

Mounting Plate

Display Panel

Installing the Link 1000

14

Figure 4 Link 1000 Mounting Plate

Mounting and Cabling the Shunt

To mount and cable the shunt:

1. Screw the shunt to a suitable mounting surface.

2. Connect the shunt to the negative terminal of the battery

using ring terminals or locked spade terminals on a

copper cable that is sized appropriately for the current

carrying capacity of the system.

Ensure that no other wires are connected directly to the

negative battery terminal or to the negative side of the

shunt. All current must flow through the shunt.

3. Connect the load side of the shunt to the negative bus for

DC loads using a copper cable that is sized appropriately

for the current carrying capacity of the system.

If you are not using a negative bus for DC loads, connect

the load side of the shunt to the negative side of the

system.

Cutout for Cables

and Phone Cable

Pan Head

Screw Countersunk

Screw

Pan Head

Screw

Countersunk

Screw

Installing the Link 1000

15

Wiring the Terminal Block

Prepare for wiring by following these guidelines:

• Pull the wires and the phone cable through the opening in

the mounting plate (unless you are running them down

from the bottom of the mounting plate).

• Prepare the wires by giving each:

• A clean cut

•A clean strip

• A tightly twisted end

• Loosen the terminal block screws, pry the wire clamps

open with a paper clip, and insert the wires using needle-

nose pliers.

• Tighten the screws firmly, but do not overtighten.

To wire the terminal block:

• Insert the wires in the terminal block following the

sequence shown below.

Note:Terminal 1 is next to the phone cable jack.

Terminal Wire Color and Function

1Black. Control panel negative to the large bolt on the

load side of the shunt.

2 Green. Sense lead to the load side of the shunt.

3Orange. Sense lead to the battery side of the shunt.

4Blue. Voltage sense lead to the positive battery

terminal.

5Red. Power lead to the positive battery terminal.

6 Violet. Voltage sense lead to the positive battery

terminal. Connect this lead if you are monitoring the

voltage of a second (starting) battery.

7Not used

8Not used

Installing the Link 1000

16

Connecting Terminal Block Wires to Shunt and Battery

To connect the terminal block wires:

1. Connect the black DC power wire (terminal 1) to the

large bolt on the load side of the shunt. This wire should

be on the top of the stack of large cables on the load side

of the shunt. Do not connect this wire to the small

screw terminal with the green shunt sense lead.

2. Connect the green lead (terminal 2) to the small screw on

the load side of the shunt. This wire must be one half of

the twisted pair made up of wires 2 and 3. Do not connect

any other wires to this screw.

3. Connect the orange lead (terminal 3) to the small screw

on the battery side of the shunt. This wire must be one

half of the twisted pair made up of wires 2 and 3. Do not

connect any other wires to this screw.

4. Connect the blue voltage sense lead (terminal 4) to a 2

amp fuse holder located within 7 in. (18 cm) of the

battery. Connect the other side of the fuse holder to the

positive battery terminal. Do not install the fuse yet.

5. Connect the red power wire (terminal 5) to a 2 amp fuse

holder located within 7 in. (18 cm) of the battery.

Connect the other side of the fuse holder to the positive

battery terminal. Do not install the fuse yet.

6. If you are going to monitor a starting battery, connect the

violet second battery voltage sense lead (terminal 6) to a

2 amp fuse holder located within 7 in. (18 cm) of the

second (starting) battery. Connect the other side of the

fuse holder to the positive battery terminal of the starting

battery. Do not install the fuse yet.

Note:If you are going to monitor the starting battery,

you must enable Function F11 during setup. See

page 33.

Installing the Link 1000

17

Installing Fuses

To install fuses:

1. Install a 2 amp fuse in the fuse holder in the blue wire.

2. If you are using a starting battery, insert a 2 amp fuse in

the fuse holder in the violet wire.

3. Install a 2 amp fuse in the fuse holder in the red wire. The

fuse should be connected in a smooth motion. A

“ragged” power up may cause the Link 1000 to lock up.

The BATTERY STATUS LEDs and the Numeric Display

come on. The AC IN LED comes on if AC power is being

supplied to the inverter.

Connecting the Phone Cable

• Plug the phone cable into the jack on the display panel

and the jack on the inverter/charger, and then clip the

display panel into the mounting plate.

Testing the Installation

After installing the Link 1000, test its operation.

To verify that the shunt leads are connected correctly:

1. Select Amps as the display unit by pressing SEL until the

Amps LED comes on.

2. Make a note of the Amps reading.

CAUTION

Install the fuses in the sequence listed below to

prevent damage to the Link 1000.

CAUTION

Make sure you have made all DC power and shunt

connections before connecting the phone cable to

the inverter/charger.

Installing the Link 1000

18

3. Turn the charger off.

4. Turn on a load (for example, a light bulb).

5. Make a note of the Amps reading.

It should be less than the reading you took in step 2. If it

is not, the shunt leads are reversed (that is, the green wire

from terminal 2 and the orange wire from terminal 3 are

reversed).

Maintenance

Because the shunt senses very small currents, use an anti-

corrosive spray to keep the leads free from corrosion. (Do not

spray the leads at the terminal block end.)

Disconnecting the Inverter/Charger

CAUTION

If you need to disconnect the inverter/charger,

unplug the phone cord from the inverter/charger

before you remove the DC power and shunt

connections.

19

Setting up the

Link 1000

Chapter 3 explains:

• How to set up the Link 1000 to best suit

your battery system

• Each setting as well as the options for

each setting

• Whether you should change settings or

leave the default setting

(See “Reading the Link 1000 Control Panel”

on page 4 for locations and descriptions of

the buttons, displays, and indicators on the

Link 1000 control panel.)

About Link 1000 Settings

20

About Link 1000 Settings

The Link 1000 is designed to operate out of the box, and

except when noted, you shouldn’t need to change the default

settings. (The default settings are listed on page 53.)

Probable Changes

You will probably need to change the default settings for:

• Battery capacity (page 23)

• Battery type (page 23)

Possible Changes

You may need to change the default settings for:

• Ambient temperature if your inverter/charger doesn’t

have a battery temperature sensor (page 24).

•Power sharing (page 27)

Other Settings

Review this chapter completely to determine whether you

need to change any other settings in order to monitor and

control your battery system.

How to Enter Setup Mode and Change a Value

You must be in Setup mode to change settings.

To enter Setup mode and change a value:

1. Press and hold SET until SEL appears in the display

(about three seconds). This puts you in Setup mode.

2. Press SEL until you reach the function you want.

3. Once you have selected the function you want, hold or

repeatedly press SET to change the value.

4. Release SET when the value you want appears. After five

to ten seconds, the display returns to normal. This

indicates that the setting you chose is now stored in

memory.

About Link 1000 Settings

21

Locking Your Setup Values

After you have set up the Link 1000, you can lock the settings

to prevent anyone from inadvertently changing them.

To lock the setup:

1. Hold down SET until SEL appears.

2. Press SEL until the LOCK LED comes on.

3. Press SET. The word ON or OFF appears

4. If OFF appears, press SET to turn the lock On.

Resetting Values

You can reset Ah to zero, or you can reset all values to their

factory defaults:

• Resetting Ah to zero does not remove historical battery

data.

• Resetting all values to factory defaults (Reset All)

removes historical battery data. You usually use Reset

All when you change a battery or a battery bank.

To reset values:

1. Hold down SET until SEL appears in the display.

2. Press SET five times until the RESET LED comes on and

AH appears.

3. At this point you can reset Ah only, or you can Reset All:

• To reset Ah only, press SET until ALL appears, and then

release SET.

• To restore all factory settings, press SET until ALL

appears, and then continue to hold SET for another five

seconds until 00.0 appears quickly and disappears.

About Link 1000 Settings

22

Battery Capacity

The default setting is for a battery with a 200Ah capacity.

Change this setting if your battery has a different capacity.

You can test battery capacity by following the procedure on

page 42.

The most accurate way to find the capacity is to ask for the

manufacturer’s 20 hour rating.

Estimated Capacities for 12 Volt Flooded Batteries

The values listed below are estimates for 12 V flooded

batteries except when noted.

Estimated Capacities for Gel Cell Batteries

Gel cell batteries usually hold 15% fewer Ah for a given size.

For example, a Group 27 gel cell stores about 85Ah.

Estimated Capacities for Multiple Batteries

Parallel Connection If you are using a single battery bank

that consists of two or more batteries connected in parallel,

multiply the Ah capacity of a single battery by the number of

batteries used. For example, if three 12 volt Group 27

batteries are connected in parallel, use 300 Ah (100 Ah x 3)

for the battery capacity.

Battery Size Capacity (Ah)

U1 34–40

Group 24 80

Group 27 100

Group 30 120

Group 31 95–125

4-D 140–160

8-D 200

Golf cart & T-105

(6 volt) 120–220

L-16 (6 volt) 340–415

About Link 1000 Settings

23

Series Connection If you are using a single battery bank that

consists of two or more batteries connected in series, use the

Ah capacity of one battery. For example, if two Trojan T-105

6 volt golf cart batteries are connected in series, use the

factory default 200 Ah for capacity.

Changing the Battery Capacity Setting

To change the Battery Capacity setting:

1. Press SET until SEL appears in the display.

2. Press SEL three times. The LED comes on and 200

(the default) appears.

3. Press SET and hold it until the value you want appears.

Changing the Battery Type Setting

Change the Battery Type setting if you are not using flooded

lead-acid batteries. For details about battery types, see

page 33.

To change the Battery Type setting:

1. Press and hold SET until SEL appears.

2. Press SEL until Func F10 appears.

3. Press SET to select one of the following battery types: 0

(liquid cell), battery type 1 (gel cell, standard), battery

type 2 (gel cell, fast charge), or battery type 3 (AGM –

Absorbed Glass Mat).

Battery Capacity

(Ah) Incremental step

in Ah

20 to 40 1

40 to 100 5

more than 100 20

Note: If you continue to hold SET, the display scrolls faster

after four increments. If you go past your battery’s capacity,

you have to scroll to 1980Ah. The display then rolls over and

begins scrolling up from 20Ah.

About Link 1000 Settings

24

Changing the Ambient Temperature Setting

When you have a battery temperature sensor: If you have a

battery temperature sensor:

1. Leave the default Ambient Temperature setting as is.

2. Turn on Active Temperature Compensation (F16). (See

page 34.)

When you do not have a battery temperature sensor: If you

do not have a battery temperature sensor, and if the

temperature around the battery will be substantially different

from 70 °F (21 °C) when the batteries are being charged:

1. Turn the Active Temperature Compensation setting Off.

(See page 34.)

2. Change the Ambient Temperature setting to an

appropriate value.

To change the Ambient Temperature setting:

1. Press and hold SET until SEL appears.

2. Press SEL until Func 03 appears.

3. Press SET to change the temperature in 10 °F increments.

4. Release SET when the correct temperature appears.

Note: The Active Temperature Compensation setting must be

Off if you are going to change the Ambient Temperature setting.

Otherwise the Link 1000 reports the present battery temperature.

About Link 1000 Settings

25

Charged Parameters

There are two charged parameters: Charged Voltage and

Charged Current Percentage (%). During a charging cycle,

when the battery voltage exceeds the Charged Voltage

parameter and the charging current has dropped below the

Charged Current parameter, the battery is considered to be

fully charged. At this point the Link 1000 resets its state-of-

charge to fully charged (which appears as 0 Ah on the

display).

Changing the Charged Voltage Setting

If your system uses 12 or 24 Volt batteries: You don’t need

to change the default Charged Voltage setting. On power up,

the Link 1000 automatically selects an appropriate Charged

Voltage for 12 or 24 volt liquid cells and gel cells. (If you

have gel cell batteries, see “Changing the Battery Type

Setting” on page 23.)

If your system does not use 12 or 24 Volt batteries: You must

set an appropriate Charged Voltage. Use a value of 2.2 volts

per cell at normal temperatures for liquid cell batteries.

To change the Charged Voltage setting:

1. Press and hold SET until SEL appears.

2. Press SEL once. The LED comes on and 13.2

appears (or 26.4 if you are using a 24 volt battery).

3. Hold down SET until the voltage you want is displayed.

(The display moves up in 0.1 volt steps. Once the display

reaches 50.0 volts, it then rolls over and starts

counting up from 8.0 volts.)

Changing the Charged Current Percentage Setting

If your system’s charging current does not fall below 2% of

battery capacity at the end of the charging cycle (that is, when

the battery should be full), you will need to change the

Charged Current Percentage setting. (A fully charged battery

is indicated when the green LED flashes on the BATTERY

STATUS light bar.)

About Link 1000 Settings

26

To change the Charged Current Percentage:

1. Press and hold SET until SEL appears.

2. Press SEL twice. The LED comes on and 002 is

displayed.

3. Press and hold SET.

The display moves up in one percent steps until 7

percent is displayed. The display then rolls over and

starts counting up from 1 percent.

4. Release SET when the appropriate percentage appears.

Changing the Time Remaining Setting

The Link 1000 has four ways of calculating the amount of

operating time that remains. You can select:

• Present consumption level

• A four minute average

• A sixteen minute average

• A thirty-two minute average

The best setting depends on your type of installation.The four

minute average is appropriate for most installations.

To change the Time Remaining setting:

1. Press SET until SEL appears.

2. Press SEL four times until the LED comes on and

001 appears.

3. Press SET until the number you want appears. The

display moves up in 1 unit steps with choices of:

4. Release SET when the value you want appears.

000 Present consumption

001 4 minute average

002 16 minute average

003 32 minute average

About Link 1000 Settings

27

Changing the Power Share Setting

Power Share is a load management feature that helps to

prevent external source AC breakers from tripping when the

charger and a number of other loads all come on at once.

Power Share automatically reduces the charger output if the

loads exceed the Power Sharing current limit.

When you plug in to an external AC power supply, set the

Power Share level to the breaker size.

If your charger trips the shore power breaker, choose a lower

Power Share setting.

To change Power Share values:

1. Press and hold SET until SEL appears.

2. Press the CHARGE/PWR SHARE button. The present value

appears.

3. Press and hold SET until the display begins scrolling

through other values.

4. Release SET when the value you want appears.

Note: The CHARGE button LED must be on before you can

change Power Share values.

About Link 1000 Settings

28

Changing the Idle Mode Setting

The Idle mode setting determines the size of AC load that is

needed to wake the inverter from its Idle (or standby) mode.

The settings are 0 W, 4 W, 6 W, and 15 W. The default is 4 W.

If you set the Idle mode to 0 W, Idle mode is actually

defeated and the inverter stays on all the time. When the

inverter is on, it draws approximately 0.5 amps. This setting

is useful if you want to ensure uninterrupted power to a very

small load like an electric clock.

The other three settings let you conserve battery power

because the inverter stays off until an adequate-sized load

brings the inverter out of Idle mode.

To change the Idle mode setting:

1. Press and hold SET until SEL appears.

2. Press the INVERT/IDLE MODE button. The present value

appears.

3. Press and hold SET until the display scrolls through the

other values.

4. Release SET when the value you want appears.

Note: The INVERT button LED must be on before you can

change the Idle mode setting.

About Link 1000 Settings

29

Advanced Function Values

The Link 1000 has sixteen advanced functions. The default

setting is appropriate for most, and you should not change a

value unless you understand the consequence of the change.

How to Enter Setup Mode and Change a Value: Reminder

The procedure for entering Setup mode and changing a value

is given on page 20.

F01 Auto Display Scanning

Default: Off

Range: Off, On

When Auto Display Scanning is On, the display

automatically scrolls through Volts, Amps, Ah, and Time

remaining. Each value is displayed for four seconds.

If Second Battery Voltage Sense (F11) is also on, two

voltages are shown. The flashing Volts status LED

indicates that the voltage displayed is that of the second

battery bank.

F02 Display Sleep

Default: On

Range: On, Off

This function turns off the Numeric Display and the Display

Units LEDs. All the other LEDs—BATTERY STATUS light

bar, AC IN, Charger status LEDs, CHARGE LED, and INVERT

LED—stay on.

Note: If you are monitoring more than one battery:

• Change Function F11, Second Battery Voltage Sense.

• Record the software revision number on page 60. (See “F15

Display Software Revision Number” on page 34.)

About Link 1000 Settings

30

F03 Set or Display Ambient Battery Temperatures

Default: If F16 (Active Temperature Compensation) is On,

the present battery temperature is displayed in °F. If F16 is

Off, the declared battery temperature is displayed.

Range: 30° F–120° F (–1.11° C–48.8° C) in 10° increments.

Set a different value from the default only if the battery

environment is significantly different from 70° F (21.11° C)

when the batteries are being charged by the Freedom

Inverter/Charger.

For more information about battery charging and temperature

compensation, see “F07 Set Temperature Coefficient” on

page 31.

F04 Toggle Display Between Ah and kWhr

Default: Off

Range: Off = Ah display mode; On = kWhr display mode.

When this function is On, the Ah display is changed to a

kilowatt-hour display.

Kilowatt-hours are a very precise measurement of energy

removed from or returned to the battery bank. The Link 1000

uses kilowatt-hours to determine whether 100% of the energy

consumed from the battery has been returned.

A recalculation of the CEF (Charge Efficiency Factor) is not

permitted unless this counter is greater than 0.00 kWhr. This

counter counts down during discharge, and the kWhrs

consumed are displayed with a negative number. While the

battery is charging, the Link 1000 counts back up with 100%

efficiency. CEF recalculation is prevented until a positive

number is in the kWhr counter. This prevents a premature

CEF reset.

About Link 1000 Settings

31

F05 Turn on Alternative Energy Mode

Default: Off

Range: Off and On. On = use alternative energy defaults.

Turn Alternative Energy mode on if the Link 1000 is used in

an alternative energy system.

This function reduces the time needed to satisfy the charged

parameters from five minutes to one minute. If you are using

a semi-mechanical photovoltaic controller, we strongly

recommend that you also consider changing Charged Current

to 4%. (See “Changing the Charged Current Percentage

Setting” on page 25.)

F06 Manually Set CEF

Default: Off = Auto recalculation of CEF

Display: A95

Range: 65–99 in 1 number increments

This setting allows manual set up of CEF (Charging

Efficiency Factor). The default display A95 indicates the

automatic CEF recalculation feature. Returning to A95 from

a user-set CEF turns the automatic CEF feature back on. If a

user-set CEF has been selected, it will appear as a Uxx in

Data mode (where xx is the number the user has selected).

F07 Set Temperature Coefficient

Default: 0.5

Range: 0.1–0.5 in 0.1 step increments

We recommend that you use the default value.

This factor compensates for the impact that temperature has

on battery capacity. A typical value is 0.5% Capacity per °C.

This coefficient must be supplied by the battery

manufacturer. The default value is typical for liquid lead-acid

or gel batteries.

About Link 1000 Settings

32

F08 Set Peukert’s Exponent

Default: 1.25 for liquid lead-acid batteries. (Battery Type set

to Type 0.)

The Peukert exponent refers to the “shrink rate” of your

battery bank. The more rapidly you discharge the batteries,

the more their effective size shrinks. For example, a battery

that can supply 200Ah when discharged over twenty hours

may only provide 95Ah if discharged in one hour.

When you select Battery Type (see “Changing the Battery

Type Setting” on page 23 and “F10 Select Battery Type” on

page 33), the Link 1000 automatically sets an appropriate

Peukert exponent. When the Battery Type is gel or AGM

(Type 1, 2, or 3), a default exponent of 1.11 is used.

If your battery manufacturer has given you another value,

you can enter it. Otherwise, leave the default value.

F09 Set Low Battery Discharge Floor

Default: 100%

Range: 50%–100% in 5% increments

The Link 1000 lets you set the discharge floor that it uses for

calculations. The factory-set discharge floor is 100% of Ah

capacity, corrected for high discharge rates. If you set the

discharge floor to 100%, the Time Remaining display

reports the time that remains until you have a dead battery.

We recommend that you begin charging when two yellow

battery status LEDs are on in order to conform to the “Mid

Capacity Rule” (see page 39).

Note: If you discharge below the discharge floor, and then

partially charge but remain below the discharge floor, the Time

Remaining display will continue to read zero. The Time Remaining

display will not show meaningful readings until you have recharged

above the discharge floor you have set.

About Link 1000 Settings

33

F10 Select Battery Type

Default: 0 (Liquid Cell)

Range: 0 = Liquid Cell; 1 = Gel Cell (standard); 2 = Gel Cell

(fast charge); 3 = AGM (Absorbed Glass Mat)

This function sets the appropriate charge and float voltages

for the Freedom charger and sets an appropriate Peukert

exponent. Gel cell owners can use Type 1 or Type 2, but

should consult the battery manufacturer before using Type 2.

Type 3 sets Acceptance and Float voltages suited to AGM

type batteries.

F11 Turn on Second Battery Voltage Sense

Default: Off

Range: On, Off

When this function is On, two voltages are displayed. When

the Volts LED is on solid, you see the voltage of the

monitored battery. If the battery Volts LED is flashing,

the second (starting) battery voltage is being displayed.

If you use this function, keep in mind that the displayed

voltage is only an indication of the battery’s state-of-charge if

the battery has been at rest for at least eight hours.

A battery with an eight hour at-rest voltage of 12.4 volts or

more will probably start an engine. A battery with an eight

hour at-rest voltage of 11.1 volts will probably not start an

engine, particularly if you have dirty injectors and if the

engine doesn’t start right away.

F12 Number of Overload Conditions Experienced

Displays the number of inverter shutdowns since the last high

level meter reset. This is primarily a troubleshooting tool.

F13 Number of Inverter Low Battery Shutdowns

Displays the number of inverter low battery shutdowns since

the last high level meter reset. This is primarily a

troubleshooting tool.

About Link 1000 Settings

34

F14 Test Control Panel Display

Default: Off

Range: On while the SET button is pressed when this

function is active. Off when SET is released.

This function lets you confirm that the Link 1000 control

panel display is operating properly. When you press SET in

F14 mode:

•The

RESET and DATA LEDs are orange-yellow.

• All other LEDs display their normal color.

• The Numeric Display reads 188.8.

The display returns to normal when you release SET.

Operation of the LOCK and FUNC LEDs is confirmed when

power is initially applied to the Link 1000.

F15 Display Software Revision Number

•Press SET to display the Software Revision Number.

This function displays the software revision number installed

in your Link 1000. Record this number on page 60 in case

you need to call Customer Service.

F16 Turn on Active Temperature Compensation

Default: Off

Range: Off, On

Turn this function On if your inverter/charger has a

temperature sensor.

Leave this function Off if you are not using a temperature

sensor.

When this function is On, the Link 1000 uses the actual

battery temperature reported to the Freedom Inverter/Charger

by a Heart TC2+2 unit, the Freedom 458 or the Freedom

Marine Inverter/Charger temperature sensor.

35

Using the

Link 1000

Chapter 4 tells you how to:

• Read the battery’s state-of-charge

• Turn on the invert function

• Change the Idle mode setting

• Charge and equalize the batteries

• Determine battery capacity

• Activate the Power Share feature

• Synchronize the Link 1000 to the

batteries

• Read battery history

• Respond to Error Codes

Monitoring Functions

36

Monitoring Functions

Choosing a Display Unit: Volts, Amps, Ah, or Time

By default, the numeric display shows Volts , but it can

also show Amps, Ah, and Time Remaining.

To change the display unit:

•Press

SEL until the , , or LED comes on.

The units of display are explained below.

VOLTS Displays the voltage of the battery being monitored.

(The Link 1000 can also display the voltage of an

additional battery.)

AMPS Displays the flow of current into or out of the battery.

Discharging appears as a negative number. Charging

appears as a positive (unsigned) number.

For example, if 6 amps are going into the battery, the

numeric display shows 6. If 6 amps are being

consumed, the numeric display shows –6.

Ah Displays the Ah (amp-hours) consumed.

This is the amount of energy that has been consumed

from the battery. For example, if you have operated a

10 amp load for one hour, 10 Ah have been

consumed, and the display shows –I0.

When the battery is fully charged, the Link 1000

displays 0 Ah.

TIME

REMAINING

This is an estimate of the hours that the battery can

operate at its present load until it is completely

discharged. The estimate is based on a selectable,

time- averaged, rate of discharge. The default is the

average of the last four minutes of use.

While the batteries are charging, this display shows

CCC.

Note:The numeric display also shows Error Codes. If an error

occurs, the display alternates between the monitoring function you

have selected and the Error Code. For details about Error Codes,

see page 48.

Monitoring Functions

37

Reading the Battery State-of-Charge

The BATTERY STATUS light bar (see Figure 5) shows the

battery’s state-of-charge. The table explains how to read the

light bar.

Figure 5 BATTERY STATUS Light Bar

Scaling the BATTERY STATUS Light Bar

You can scale the BATTERY STATUS light bar to show a

flashing red LED when your battery is more than 40%

discharged. To adjust the battery discharge floor, see page 32.

These lights Indicate this %

3 green + 1

flashing green The CEF has been recalculated.

4 green 80–100%

3 green 60–79%

2 yellow 40–59%

Enough charge to start an engine-driven charging

source.

1 red 20–39%

1 flashing red 0–19%

The battery is more than 80% discharged (based

on the factory settings).

BATTERY STATUS

Inverter Functions

38

Inverter Functions

Turning on the Invert Function

When the inverter is operating, power is taken from the

batteries and converted to AC current to power your loads.

To turn on the invert function:

•Press

INVERT.

The INVERT button LED comes on.

The INVERT LED does not indicate that the system is

inverting. It indicates that the inverter function is enabled.

The invert function only operates when the inverter is

connected to the battery, no external AC power is available,

and the batteries have enough power for the loads.

When the inverter is initially powered up, the invert function

is off.

Changing the Idle Mode Setting

The Idle mode setting determines the size of AC load that is

needed to wake the inverter from its Idle (or standby) mode.

To change the Idle mode setting:

•See page 28.

Charging Functions

39

Charging Functions

Charge your batteries when two yellow LEDs are lit on the

BATTERY STATUS light bar (if you are using the default setting

for F09: Low Battery Discharge Floor). The two yellow

LEDs indicate that 50% of battery capacity has been used.

Charging at this level is called the Mid-Capacity Rule. In

marine and RV systems, which try to minimize charging time

with an engine-driven alternator, or generator-powered

charging, the battery is normally charged to the 85% level.

This means that only 35% of the battery capacity is actually

available for use.

The Mid-Capacity Rule is designed to optimize battery life.

Four charging cycles are available: Bulk, Acceptance, Float,

and Equalization. When you start a charge cycle, the charger

automatically completes a Bulk, Accept, and Float charge.

You can also start an Equalization charge manually.

The CHARGER STATUS LEDs are explained below, and then

procedures are given for charging and equalizing the

batteries.

Summary of CHARGER STATUS LEDs

This LED Indicates

AC IN (green) AC power is present.

CHG (red)

on solid The batteries are in Bulk charge mode.

CHG (red)

flashing An Equalization charge is being applied.

ACCEPT (orange) The batteries are in Acceptance mode.

FLOAT (green) The charge is in Float mode.

Charging Functions

40

Charging the Batteries

To start a charge cycle:

•Press the CHARGE button. (You can also leave the

CHARGE button on, and the cycle will start

automatically.)

The CHG LED and the CHARGE button LED come on.

The charger automatically cycles through the Bulk,

Acceptance, and Float charge stages.

The charge function only operates when the inverter is

connected to a battery and external AC is available.

(On inverter/chargers that have a serial number lower than

100,000, charging is enabled when the INVERT button is on.)

Equalizing the Batteries

Equalization is the controlled overcharging of a lead-acid

battery (or battery bank) to remove lead sulfate that is not

removed during normal charging. Controlled overcharging

helps the battery reach and maintain peak capacity by

equalizing the chemistry in the individual battery cells.

• Equalize your batteries every thirty days when they are in

a daily cycling service or every thirty deep cycles.

• Equalize your batteries when the battery capacity has

decreased (that is, when the batteries do not hold loads as

well as they previously did).

Precautions

Read these precautions before you start an equalization

charge:

• Equalization causes batteries to gas. Make sure they are

well ventilated.

WARNING: Explosion Hazard

Equalization produces explosive gases which must be

vented.

Charging Functions

41

• Check the electrolyte level of all batteries before and

after equalization. Make sure the electrolyte is at the

correct level, but do not overfill because the electrolyte

may expand and overflow.

• Leave the filler caps screwed on loosely, or remove them

and cover the opened cell tops with a folded paper towel.

• Make sure you are present during equalization so you can

monitor the charging cycle.

To start an equalization cycle:

1. Make sure the charger is on and the batteries are fully

charged.

2. Press SET until SEL appears.

3. Press SET and CHARGE simultaneously until the CHG

LED starts flashing and 00E goes out (about five

seconds). The CHG LED flashes throughout the

equalization cycle.

To end an equalization cycle manually:

•Press

SET until SEL appears, and then press SET and

CHARGE simultaneously.

The CHG LED goes out and the Freedom Inverter/

Charger is forced to float when equalization ends (the

FLOAT LED comes on).

If you do not stop the equalization process manually, the

cycle ends automatically after eight hours. It also ends if

external AC power is interrupted.

To end equalization early on Freedom inverters that have a

serial number lower than 100,000, turn off both the CHARGE

and INVERT buttons.

CAUTION

Turn off all DC loads before you start equalization. The

voltages required during equalization can damage

sensitive equipment.

Charging Functions

42

Equalizing Gel Cell Batteries

You don’t normally equalize gel cell batteries. If they have

been severely discharged, however, this may be the only way

to get them to begin accepting a charge. The voltage is

limited to the Acceptance charging level, but the cycle lasts

for eight hours.

Be sure that battery type is set to 002 before you equalize gel

cell batteries.

Activating Power Share

Power Share is a load management feature that helps prevent

external source AC breakers from tripping when the charger

and a number of other loads all come on at once. Power share

automatically reduces the output of the Freedom Inverter/

Charger if the AC loads exceed a specified current limit.

To change the Power Share setting:

•See page 27.

Battery Capacity Testing

To determine the actual amount of energy your batteries can

store, you conduct periodic capacity tests. A capacity test

should start with a battery that has been properly charged and

equalized.

Deep cycle battery capacity is usually stated as a 20 hour

discharge rate (a 100 Ah battery will provide 5 amps for

twenty hours). At discharge rates above 5 amps, the battery

will supply less than 100 Ah. For example, if you are drawing

100 amps out of the battery, it will last less than half an hour.

The following table shows battery capacity at various

discharge rates.

Battery Capacity at Various Discharge Rates

Hours to Discharge Capacity (as a percent of the

20 hour rate)

20 100%

Charging Functions

43

To test battery capacity:

1. Charge the battery until the charged parameters are met.

This resets Ah to zero.

2. Turn on a load that draws approximately 5% of the

expected battery capacity.

3. Check the current by looking at the Amps display. The

load should be constant (for example, a light bulb).

4. Put the Link 1000 in Volts display mode.

5. When the voltage drops to 10.5 volts (or 21 volts if you

are testing a 24 volt system), turn the load off. (It should

take about twenty hours for the voltage to drop.)

6. Look at the Ah display. The number of Ah displayed

is the actual battery capacity.

If less than twenty hours passed before the voltage fell to

10.5, you can still determine the capacity by completing a

simple calculation. For example, assume that you have a 12

volt battery rated at 100 Ah. Apply a 5 amp load. If it only

took ten hours for the voltage to reach 10.5, the Link 1000

would display –50Ah. This number is the 10 hour capacity.

By dividing 50 by 89% (see the preceding table), you

determine that the actual 20 hour capacity is 56 Ah. You

could repeat the test at 5% of the tested capacity (2.8 amps) to

verify the actual capacity.

10 89%

5 78%

3 66%

1 45%

Battery Capacity at Various Discharge Rates

Hours to Discharge Capacity (as a percent of the

20 hour rate)

Charging Functions

44

Synchronizing the Link 1000 to the Battery

When the battery is fully charged, the Link 1000 displays 0

Ah. This indicates that no energy has been removed from the

battery. (The display can also show a positive number; this

changes to 0 as soon as you place a load on the battery. See

page 45 for details about over-charge Ah).

As the battery discharges, the display shows how much

energy has been used. For example, when you run a 10 amp

load for one hour, the display shows –10 to indicate that 10

Ah have been used.

In other words, the Ah display tells you how much energy has

been removed from the battery as long as the Link 1000 is

synchronized with the battery.

• If you install the Link 1000 on a fully charged battery, it

is automatically synchronized to the battery.

• If you install the Link on a battery that is partially

charged, you must synchronize the Link by following the

procedure given here.

• Once the Link 1000 is synchronized, it stays

synchronized as the battery runs through discharge /

charge cycles. If the Link every gets out of sync with the

battery (this rarely happens), you can synchronize it once

again by following the procedure given here.

To synchronize the Link 1000 to the battery:

1. Discharge the battery by at least 10% of its declared

capacity.

2. Set the Ah reading to 0 by:

a) Holding down SET until SEL appears in the display.

b) Pressing SET five times until the RESET LED comes

on and AH appears.

c) Pressing SET until ALL appears. (Be sure to release

SET as soon as ALL appears.)

4. Charge the battery until the green FLOAT LED comes on.

(For battery charging procedures, see page 40.)

Overcharge Ah are displayed as a positive number. When

the battery starts to discharge, the Link resets Ah to zero.

Charging Functions

45

Over-charge Ah (Accumulation of Positive Ah)

If the battery is 100% charged, and the Link 1000 is

synchronized with the battery, over-charge Ah are displayed

as a positive Ah number. Some accumulation of over-charge

Ah is normal with systems that are continuously connected to

a charger. For example, a 100 Ah battery at Float voltage will

normally have a little less than 0.1 amps flowing into it. This

means you would expect about 2.4 Ah of over-charge to

accumulate each day. If your battery system is larger, more

current flows and more over-charge Ah accumulate.

If the charging system is a constant voltage type set at 14.2

volts, as much as 1 amp may be flowing all the time after the

battery has reached the charged parameters. Prolonged high

voltage applied to a fully charged battery will likely cause

gassing, and you would expect to see a large Ah over-charge

every day. This is a indicates that you are shortening the life

of your battery by over charging. Check your Link 1000

before turning off a charging source to see that you have not

accumulated too many over-charge Ah. (When discharging

begins, the Link 1000 resets to zero and begins to report Ah

consumed.)

If you equalize your batteries, some over-charge Ah will

accumulate. This is normal and ensures that the Link 1000

stays synchronized with the battery state-of-charge.

Battery History

46

Battery History

The Link 1000 stores four kinds of information about the

battery.

To access battery history:

1. Hold down SET until SEL appears.

2. Press SEL until the DATA LED comes on.

E99 is displayed. This is the Charging Efficiency Factor

(CEF).

3. Press SEL again.

+I999 is displayed. This is the number of CEF

Recalculations.

4. Press SEL again.

–999 is displayed. This is the Deepest Depth of

Discharge.

5. Press SEL again.

i999 is displayed. This is the Average Depth of

Discharge.

Interpreting Battery History

E99: Charging Efficiency Factor The Charging Efficiency

Factor (CEF) is the energy efficiency of the battery. This

indicates the health of the battery. The lower the efficiency,

the worse the health of the battery.

The Ah CEF, not the kilowatt-hour CEF, is displayed. A

display of E99 indicates a 99% CEF based on Ah. The

Default setting is 95%.

If the CEF display has a u in front of it, this means the CEF

has been selected by the user. See page 31 for details about

changing the CEF settings.

+I999: Number of CEF Recalculations This is the number of

times the battery has been discharged more than 10% and

then completely recharged (recharged until the Charged

Battery History

47

Parameters have been met) since the last time it was reset to

the factory defaults. A discharge of less than 10% of battery

capacity is not counted as a “cycle”.

–999: Deepest Discharge This is the deepest discharge in Ah

since the last time the Link 1000 was reset to the factory

defaults.

i999: Average Discharge This is the average of all discharges

as an Ah value since the last reset to factory defaults. For best

battery life, you should not routinely discharge more than

50% of your battery’s capacity. If you do, you shorten its life.

An average discharge of 500Ah on a 900Ah battery is

demanding but not unreasonable. An average discharge of

180Ah from a 200Ah battery is excessive and will shorten the

battery’s life.

Reading Error Codes

48

Reading Error Codes

When the Link 1000 detects a problem, an error code appears

in the numeric display. The display alternates between

showing the monitoring function you have selected and the

error code. The error code flashes until the error is corrected.

The following table lists each Error Code, describes the cause

of the error, and indicates the action to take, if any.

Error

Code Meaning

E01 High battery voltage shutdown

(Inverter/charger error)

Battery voltage has risen above 15.5 V for 12 V

inverters or above 31 V for 24 V inverters.

Check all charging sources (that is, solar panels,

alternators, etc.

E02 Low battery voltage shutdown

(Inverter/charger error)

Battery voltage has dropped below 10.5 V for 12 V

inverters or below 21 V for 24 V inverters.

Check for a dead battery or poor battery connections.

E03 Over temperature shutdown

(Inverter/charger error)

The inverter has overheated and shut down. It will reset

automatically after it has cooled sufficiently.

Make sure there is adequate ventilation around the

inverter.

E04 Battery overload

(Inverter/charger error)

The battery is excessively discharged or there is a

shorted battery.

See your inverter/charger owner’s manual for

information about charging excessively discharged

batteries.

Reading Error Codes

49

E05 AC backfeed

(Inverter/charger error)

AC power from an outside source has been fed to the

AC output of the inverter. This could damage the

inverter.

Disconnect incoming AC power and correct the fault

immediately. Consult a qualified electrician if you do

not know how to diagnose and treat this problem.

E06 Electronic overload

(Inverter/charger error)

The inverter is connected to a load that is too large for it,

or the inverter output has shorted out.

Remove the load. Reset the inverter by cycling the

charger on and off, or connect AC power from an

outside source.

E07 Triac control error

(Inverter/charger error)

A switch inside the charger has overheated.

Turn the charger off and let it cool. Make sure there is

adequate ventilation around the inverter.

E08 High battery voltage shutdown during charging

(Inverter/charger error)

Check all charging sources (solar panels, alternators,

other battery chargers, etc.) for proper voltage.

Reset the inverter by cycling the charger off and on.

E09 Spare

E010 Depowered

(Link 1000)

This code appears when the Link 1000 is first powered

up and whenever power has been interrupted or has

dipped below the operating voltage of the Link 1000.

This code can be triggered by voltage dips during engine

starting if the Link 1000 is powered by the same battery

that starts the engine.

E011 Spare

Error

Code Meaning

Reading Error Codes

50

E012 Battery voltage sense lead open

(Link 1000)

Check the fuse or any other connections in the voltage

sense lead (blue wire) to the battery.

E013 Spare

E014 Inappropriate charged voltage selected for the

sensed voltage

(Link 1000)

This code appears if the Charged Voltage parameter is

above 20 V and the sensed voltage is below 20 V, or if

the sensed voltage is above 20 V and Charged Voltage

parameter is below 20 V.

This code will help you avoid an incorrect setup.

E015 Incoming AC polarity reversed

(Inverter/charger error)

Check the incoming AC wiring for reversed polarity

(positive and neutral reversed).

Consult a qualified electrician if you do not know how

to diagnose and correct this condition.

0L Link 1000 reading out of range

(Link 1000)

Error

Code Meaning

51

Specifications

Appendix A lists:

• Electrical and physical specifications for

the Link 1000

• Default settings

Specifications are subject to change without

notice.

Control Panel: Electrical Specifications

52

Control Panel: Electrical Specifications

Control Panel: Physical Specifications

DC Power supply voltage 8–40 VDC. (Not for use with 32 volt

systems.)

Power consumption For 12 volt systems:

• 90 mA (typical)

• 170 mA (full display brightness)

• 25 mA (sleep mode; only

BATTERY STATUS LEDS on.)

Values are approximately half on 24

volt systems.

Voltage measurement range 0.1–50 VDC

Voltage resolution 0.05 VDC

Voltage accuracy ±0.10 VDC at full scale

Current measurement range ±500 Amps DC

Current resolution • 0.1 amp DC (from ±0–±42.0

amps)

• 1 amp DC (from ±42–±500

amps)

Current accuracy • ±0.1 amp DC at full scale low

range

• ±1 amp DC at full scale high

range

Current shunt ±0.25% ratio: 50mV @ 500A

Amp hour range ±1,999Ah

Time remaining range 255 hours maximum

Width 4.725 in. (120 mm)

Height 2.975 in. (75.5 mm)

Depth 1.075 in. (27.3 mm)

Weight 4.6 oz. (2 g)

Front panel finish Water resistant, splash proof

Default Settings

53

Default Settings

Inverter/Charger Controls

CHARGE On

INVERT Off

Idle Mode 4 Watts (5 Watts on Series 458 units)

Power Sharing 30 amps (Off for Freedom 25 units)

Monitoring Functions

Charged Voltage 13.2 volts for 12 volt systems

26.4 volts for 24 volt systems

Charged Current 2% (of battery capacity, 4 amps @

200 Ah)

Battery Capacity 200Ah

CEF 95% (Charge Efficiency Factor)

Ambient Temperature 70 °C

Battery Type 0 (liquid cell)

Peukert Exponent 1.25

54

55

Product and

System

Information

Appendix B contains:

• The warranty for your Link 1000

• Instructions for returning the product for

servicing

• A table (see page 61) where you can

record information about your system in

case you need to contact Customer

Service

Warranty

56

Warranty

What does this warranty cover? This warranty is provided by

Xantrex Technology Inc. (“Xantrex”) and covers defects in

workmanship and materials in your Xantrex Link 1000 Battery

Monitor. This warranty lasts for a Warranty Period of 12 months

from the date of purchase at point of sale to you, the original end

user customer.

This Limited Warranty is not transferable.

What will Xantrex do? Xantrex will, at its option, repair or

replace the defective product free of charge, provided that you

notify Xantrex of the product defect within the Warranty Period,

and provided that Xantrex through inspection establishes the

existence of such a defect and that it is covered by this Limited

Warranty.

Xantrex will, at its option, use new and/or reconditioned parts in

performing warranty repair and building replacement products.

Xantrex reserves the right to use parts or products of original or

improved design in the repair or replacement. If Xantrex repairs or

replaces a product, its warranty continues for the remaining portion

of the original Warranty Period or 90 days from the date of the

return shipment to the customer, whichever is greater. All replaced

products and all parts removed from repaired products become the

property of Xantrex.

Xantrex covers both parts and labor necessary to repair the product,

and return shipment to the customer via a Xantrex-selected non-

expedited surface freight within the contiguous United States and

Canada. Alaska and Hawaii are excluded. Contact Xantrex

Customer Service for details on freight policy for return shipments

outside of the contiguous United States and Canada.

How do you get service? If your product requires

troubleshooting or warranty service, contact your merchant. If you

are unable to contact your merchant, or the merchant is unable to

provide service, contact Xantrex directly at:

Phone: 1-800-670-0707 (toll-free in North America) 1-604-422-

2777 (direct)

Fax: 1-604-420-2145

Email: CustomerService@xantrex.com

Warranty

57

Direct returns may be performed according to the Xantrex Return

Material Authorization Policy described in your product manual.

For some products, Xantrex maintains a network of regional

Authorized Service Centers. Call Xantrex or check our website to

see if your product can be repaired at one of these facilities.

In any warranty claim, dated proof of purchase must accompany the

product and the product must not have been disassembled or

modified without prior written authorization by Xantrex.

Proof of purchase may be in any one of the following forms:

• The dated purchase receipt from the original purchase of the

product at point of sale to the end user, or

• The dated dealer invoice or purchase receipt showing original

equipment manufacturer (OEM) status, or

• The dated invoice or purchase receipt showing the product

exchanged under warranty

What does this warranty not cover? This Limited Warranty

does not cover normal wear and tear of the product or costs related

to the removal, installation, or troubleshooting of the customer's

electrical systems. This warranty does not apply to and Xantrex will

not be responsible for any defect in or damage to:

a) the product if it has been misused, neglected, improperly

installed, physically damaged or altered, either internally or

externally, or damaged from improper use or use in an unsuitable

environment;

b) the product if it has been subjected to fire, water, generalized

corrosion, biological infestations, or input voltage that creates

operating conditions beyond the maximum or minimum limits

listed in the Xantrex product specifications including high input

voltage from generators and lightning strikes;

c) the product if repairs have been done to it other than by Xantrex

or its authorized service centers (hereafter "ASCs");

d) the product if it is used as a component part of a product

expressly warranted by another manufacturer;

e) the product if its original identification (trade-mark, serial

number) markings have been defaced, altered, or removed.

Disclaimer

58

Disclaimer

Product

THIS LIMITED WARRANTY IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE

WARRANTY PROVIDED BY XANTREX IN CONNECTION

WITH YOUR XANTREX PRODUCT AND IS, WHERE

PERMITTED BY LAW, IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER

WARRANTIES, CONDITIONS, GUARANTEES,

REPRESENTATIONS, OBLIGATIONS AND LIABILITIES,

EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE IN

CONNECTION WITH THE PRODUCT, HOWEVER ARISING

(WHETHER BY CONTRACT, TORT, NEGLIGENCE,

PRINCIPLES OF MANUFACTURER'S LIABILITY,

OPERATION OF LAW, CONDUCT, STATEMENT OR

OTHERWISE), INCLUDING WITHOUT RESTRICTION ANY

IMPLIED WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF QUALITY,

MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

PURPOSE. ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF

MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

PURPOSE TO THE EXTENT REQUIRED UNDER

APPLICABLE LAW TO APPLY TO THE PRODUCT SHALL BE

LIMITED IN DURATION TO THE PERIOD STIPULATED

UNDER THIS LIMITED WARRANTY.

IN NO EVENT WILL XANTREX BE LIABLE FOR ANY

SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR

CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOSSES, COSTS OR

EXPENSES HOWEVER ARISING WHETHER IN CONTRACT

OR TORT INCLUDING WITHOUT RESTRICTION ANY

ECONOMIC LOSSES OF ANY KIND, ANY LOSS OR

DAMAGE TO PROPERTY, ANY PERSONAL INJURY, ANY

DAMAGE OR INJURY ARISING FROM OR AS A RESULT OF

MISUSE OR ABUSE, OR THE INCORRECT INSTALLATION,

INTEGRATION OR OPERATION OF THE PRODUCT.

Exclusions

If this product is a consumer product, federal law does not allow an

exclusion of implied warranties. To the extent you are entitled to

implied warranties under federal law, to the extent permitted by

applicable law they are limited to the duration of this Limited

Return Material Authorization Policy

59

Warranty. Some states and provinces do not allow limitations or

exclusions on implied warranties or on the duration of an implied

warranty or on the limitation or exclusion of incidental or

consequential damages, so the above limitation(s) or exclusion(s)

may not apply to you. This Limited Warranty gives you specific

legal rights. You may have other rights which may vary from state

to state or province to province.

Warning: Limitations On Use

Please refer to your product user manual for limitations on uses of

the product. Specifically, please note that the Xantrex Link 1000

Battery Monitor is not intended for use in connection with life

support systems and Xantrex makes no warranty or representation

in connection with any use of the product for such purposes.

Return Material Authorization Policy

Before returning a product directly to Xantrex you must obtain a

Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and the correct

factory "Ship To" address. Products must also be shipped prepaid.

Product shipments will be refused and returned at your expense if

they are unauthorized, returned without an RMA number clearly

marked on the outside of the shipping box, if they are shipped

collect, or if they are shipped to the wrong location.

When you contact Xantrex to obtain service, please have your

instruction manual ready for reference and be prepared to supply:

• The serial number of your product

• Information about the installation and use of the unit

• Information about the failure and/or reason for the return

• A copy of your dated proof of purchase

Record these details in “Record of System Settings” on page 61.

Return Material Procedure

If you are returning a product from the USA or Canada, follow this

procedure:

Product Information

60

1. Package the unit safely, preferably using the original box and

packing materials. Please ensure that your product is shipped

fully insured in the original packaging or equivalent. This

warranty will not apply where the product is damaged due to

improper packaging.

2. Include the following:

• The RMA number supplied by Xantrex clearly marked on the

outside of the box

• A return address where the repaired unit can be shipped. Post

office boxes are not acceptable.

• A contact telephone number where you can be reached during

work hours.

• A brief description of the problem

3. Ship the unit prepaid to the address provided by your Xantrex

Service Representative.

If you are returning a product from outside of the USA or

Canada In addition to the above, you MUST include return

freight funds and are fully responsible for all documents, duties,

tariffs, and deposits.

If you are returning a product to a Xantrex Authorized Service

Center (ASC) A Xantrex return material authorization (RMA)

number is not required. However, you must contact the ASC prior

to returning the product or presenting the unit to verify any return

procedures that may apply to that particular facility.

Product Information

Serial number

Place of purchase

Date of purchase

Software Revision

Number (F15). (See

page 34.)

Record of System Settings

61

Record of System Settings

Setting Default

Your

Setting or

Recorded

Data

Battery Volts (charged) 13.2

Battery Amps (charged) 2%

Battery Capacity 200Ah

Power Share Model dependent

Idle Mode 4W

CEF

Number of CEF

Recalculations

Average depth of discharge

Deepest depth of discharge

Functions

Auto Display Scanning (F01) Off

Display Sleep (F02) On

Ambient Battery

Temperature (F03)

Note: F03 depends on F16.

70° F (21.11° C)

Ah / kilowatt hours (F04) Ah

Alternate Energy Mode (F05) Off

Manually set CEF (F06) 95%. This value

should only be set

if you don’t want

the Link 1000 to

calculate CEF

automatically.

Record of System Settings

62

Temperature Coefficient

(F07) 0.5

Peukert Exponent (F08) 1.25

Low Battery Discharge Floor

(F09) 100%

Battery Type (F10) 000 (liquid lead-

acid)

Second Battery Voltage

Sense (F11) Off

Active Temperature

Compensation (F16) Off

Setting Default

Your

Setting or

Recorded

Data

63

Symbols

+I999 46

Numerics

0L, Error Code 50

20 hour rating 22, 42

–999 47

A

AC IN LED 6, 39

ACCEPT LED 6, 39

active temperature compensation 34

Ah

Ah LED described 36

displaying 36

over-charge 45

resetting 21

ambient temperature setting 24

Amps

Amps LED described 36

displaying 36

anti-corrosive spray 9

B

batteries

20 hour rating 22, 42

average discharge 47

charge efficiency 46

deepest discharge 47

equalizing 40

how to charge 40

how to equalize 41

number of CEF recalculations 46

over charging 45

overload 48

reading the state-of-charge 37

table of capacities 42

time remaining 36

when to charge 39, 40

battery capacity

determining 22

setting 23

testing 42, 43

battery history

average discharge 47

charging efficiency factor (CEF)

46

deepest discharge 47

number of CEF recalculations 46

reading 46

BATTERY STATUS light bar

how to read 37

illustrated 4, 25

battery temperature sensor 24, 34

Index

Index

64

battery temperature sensor, effect on

settings 20

battery type setting 23, 33

C

cable clamp 9

CCC 36

CEF recalculation 46

CHARGE button LED 5

charged current percentage setting 25

charged parameters 25

CHARGER STATUS LEDs, described

39

Charging Efficiency Factor (CEF) 31,

46

CHG LED 6, 39

control panel

electrical specifications 52

illustrated 4

mounting 13

physical specifications 52

testing 34

D

DATA LED 5

deepest discharge 47

default settings 53

display panel, testing 34

display units

changing 36

described 5

displaying

Ah 36

Amps 36

Time remaining 36

Volts 36

E

E99 46

electrical specifications, control panel

52

equalize charge 40

gel cell batteries 42

starting 41

stopping manually 41

Error Codes

0L 50

E01 48

E010 49

E012 50

E014 50

E015 50

E02 48

E03 48

E04 48

E05 49

E06 49

E07 49

E08 49

error codes, displayed 36, 48

F

F01 Auto Display Scanning 29

F02 Display Sleep 29

F03 Ambient Battery Temperature

Setting 30

F04 Ah / kWhr Display 30

F05 Alternative Energy Mode 31

F06 Manually Set CEF 31

F07 Temperature Coefficient 31

F08 Peukert’s Exponent 32

F09 Low Battery Discharge Floor 32

F10 Battery Type 33

F11 Second Battery Voltage Sense 33

Index

65

F12 Number of Overload

Conditions 33

F13 Number of Inverter Low Battery

Shutdowns 33

F14 Display Test 34

F15 Display Software Revision

Number 34

F16 Active Temperature

Compensation 34

FLOAT LED 6, 39

FUNC LED 5

fuses

installing 17

type and number required 8

I

–I0 36

i999 47

idle mode setting, changing 28, 38

installation

diagram 12

materials 8

overview 11

planning 8

reversed leads 18

safety 9

supplied parts 8

testing 17

tools 9

INVERT button LED 5

invert function, enabling 38

inverter•charger, disconnecting 18

L

Link 1000

control panel illustrated 4

default settings 53

list of control functions 2

list of monitoring functions 2

serial number 60

software revision number 34

synchronizing to the battery 44

testing the display 34

LOCK LED 5

Low battery discharge floor 32

M

maintenance 18

Mid-Capacity Rule 32, 39

N

number of CEF recalculations 46

O

over-charge Ah 45

overload, battery 48

P

phone cable

installing 17

removing 18

physical specifications, control panel

52

power consumption 52

power share mode 42

power share setting 27

R

RESET LED 5

resetting

Ah 21

all values 21

Index

66

returning products

how to package 60

policy 59

procedure 59

reverse polarity 50

S

second battery voltage sense 33

serial number 60

setup values

changing 20

default 53

locking 21

resetting Ah 21

resetting all 21

shunt

high current 9

mounting and cabling 14

shutdown

high battery voltage 48

low battery voltage 48

over temperature 48

software revision number 34

specifications

electrical 52

physical 52

state-of-charge, how to read 37

strain relief 9

synchronizing Link 1000 to battery 44

system overview diagram 12

T

temperature sensor 20, 24, 34

terminal block

illustrated 12

wiring 15

time remaining

changing the setting 26

displaying 36

V

values

list of default values 53

resetting Ah 21

resetting all 21

Volts, displaying 36

W

warranty

terms and conditions 56

wiring diagram 12