ZTE CBTSI18A CDMA2000 Compact Base Transceiver Station-I1 User Manual users manual

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ZXC10 CBTS
cdma2000 Compact Base Transceiver Station
Technical Manual
Version 1.0
ZTE CORPORATION
ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South,
Hi-Tech Industrial Park,
Nanshan District, Shenzhen,
P. R. China
518057
Tel: (86) 755 26771900 800-9830-9830
Fax: (86) 755 26772236
URL: http://support.zte.com.cn
E-mail: doc@zte.com.cn
LEGAL INFORMATION
Copyright © 2005 ZTE CORPORATION.
The contents of this document are protected by copyright laws and international treaties. Any reproduction or distribution of
this document or any portion of this document, in any form by any means, without the prior written consent of ZTE
CORPORATION is prohibited. Additionally, the contents of this document are protected by contractual confidentiality
obligations.
All company, brand and product names are trade or service marks, or registered trade or service marks, of ZTE
CORPORATION or of their respective owners.
This document is provided “as is”, and all express, implied, or statutory warranties, representations or conditions are
disclaimed, including without limitation any implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, title or noninfringement. ZTE CORPORATION and its licensors shall not be liable for damages resulting from the use of or reliance on
the information contained herein.
ZTE CORPORATION or its licensors may have current or pending intellectual property rights or applications covering the
subject matter of this document. Except as expressly provided in any written license between ZTE CORPORATION and its
licensee, the user of this document shall not acquire any license to the subject matter herein.
The contents of this document and all policies of ZTE CORPORATION, including without limitation policies related to support
or training are subject to change without notice.
Revision History
Date
Revision No.
Serial No.
2005/05/01
R1.0
Sjzl20051666
Description
ZTE CORPORATION
Values Your Comments & Suggestions!
Your opinion is of great value and will help us improve the quality of our product
documentation and offer better services to our customers.
Please fax to: (86) 755-26772236; or mail to Publications R&D Department, ZTE
CORPORATION, ZTE Plaza, A Wing, Keji Road South, Hi-Tech Industrial Park,
Shenzhen, P. R. China 518057.
Thank you for your cooperation!
Document
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0) cdma2000 Compact Base Transceiver Station Technical Manual
Product
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Equipment Installation Date
R1.0
20050501
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FCC & IC STATEMENT
Before using this product, read this important RF energy awareness and
control information and operational instructions to ensure compliance with
the FCC and IC RF exposure guidelines.
NOTICE: Working with the equipment while in operation, may expose the
technician to RF electromagnetic fields that exceed FCC rules for human
exposure. Visit the FCC website at www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsafety to learn more
about the effects of exposure to RF electromagnetic fields.
Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance will void the user’s authority to operate the
equipment. Any change to the equipment will void FCC and IC grant.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device, pursuant to the FCC and IC Rules. This equipment
generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation.
For OUTDOOR use, a PNALE Antenna with a maximum gain of 17dBi is
authorized for use with this unit. Outside antennas must be positioned to
observe minimum separation of 3.0M (9.84 feet.) for 800MHz unit and
2.5M (8.2 feet.) for 1900MHz unit from all users and bystanders. For the
protection of personnel working in the vicinity of outside (uplink) antennas,
the following guidelines for minimum distances between the human body
and the antenna must be observed.
The installation of an OUTDOOR antenna must be such that, under normal
conditions, all personnel cannot come within 3.0M (9.84 feet.)for 800MHz
unit and 2.5M (8.2 feet.) for 1900MHz unit from the outside antenna.
Exceeding this minimum separation will ensure that the worker or
bystander does not receive RF-exposure beyond the Maximum Permissible
Exposure according to section 1.1310 i.e. limits for Controlled Exposure.
This page is intentionally blank.
Contents
About this Manual .....................................................................................xi
Purpose of This Manual .......................................................................................... xi
How to Use This Manual ......................................................................................... xi
Typographical Conventions.....................................................................................xii
How to Get in Touch ..............................................................................................xii
Customer Support..................................................................................................................xii
Documentation Support..........................................................................................................xii
Chapter
1................................................................................... 13
System Overview .................................................................................... 13
Position of BTS in the CDMA System ...................................................................... 14
System Features .................................................................................................. 16
Multiple Frequency Bands Supported......................................................................................16
Large Capacity ......................................................................................................................16
Compactness ........................................................................................................................16
Technological Advantages......................................................................................................16
High Reliability ......................................................................................................................17
Flexible Networking ...............................................................................................................17
Smooth Expansion and Upgrade ............................................................................................17
Easy Operation and Maintenance ...........................................................................................18
Functions ............................................................................................................. 19
International Standards Followed by BTS................................................................ 20
Chapter
2................................................................................... 22
BTS Hardware.......................................................................................... 22
Hardware Structure .............................................................................................. 23
BTS Physical Structure...........................................................................................................23
Logical Structure ...................................................................................................................24
List of All BTS Boards.............................................................................................................25
BDS .................................................................................................................... 26
BDS Schematic Diagram........................................................................................................26
BDS Working Principle ...........................................................................................................27
Technological Advantages of BDS...........................................................................................27
BDS Hardware Configuration .................................................................................................28
RFS ..................................................................................................................... 30
RFS Schematic Diagram ........................................................................................................31
RFS Working Principle............................................................................................................31
Technological Advantages of RFS ...........................................................................................32
Hardware Configuration.........................................................................................................33
PWS .................................................................................................................... 34
PWS Schematic Diagram .......................................................................................................34
PWS Working Principle...........................................................................................................35
Hardware Configuration.........................................................................................................35
Chapter
3................................................................................... 36
BTS Software........................................................................................... 36
BTS Software Overview......................................................................................... 37
CCM Software ...................................................................................................... 39
CHM0 Software .................................................................................................... 40
CHM1 Software .................................................................................................... 41
RMM Software...................................................................................................... 42
TRX Software ....................................................................................................... 43
Chapter
4................................................................................... 44
BTS Networking and Configuration ........................................................ 44
Networking through Abis Interface ......................................................................... 45
BTS Networking.................................................................................................... 47
LS Mode ...............................................................................................................................48
RS Mode ...............................................................................................................................49
LEA Mode..............................................................................................................................49
LEB Mode..............................................................................................................................51
RE Mode ...............................................................................................................................52
ME Mode...............................................................................................................................53
BTS Configuration................................................................................................. 53
BDS Configuration.................................................................................................................53
RFS Configuration .................................................................................................................54
PWS Configuration ................................................................................................................54
Chapter
5................................................................................... 55
Technical Indices..................................................................................... 55
Environment Indices ............................................................................................. 56
Performance Indices ............................................................................................. 58
Reliability ..............................................................................................................................58
Interface...............................................................................................................................58
Capacity................................................................................................................................58
Frequency Band ....................................................................................................................58
Specs of Bands 800 MHz, 450 MHz and 850 MHz....................................................................58
Specs of 1.9 GHz and 2.1GHz ................................................................................................61
Clock ....................................................................................................................................62
Noise ....................................................................................................................................63
Appendix
A ................................................................................ 65
Abbreviations .......................................................................................... 65
Figures.......................................................................................... 71
Tables ........................................................................................... 73
This page is intentionally blank.
About this Manual
Purpose of This Manual
Current radio mobile networks include CDMA and GSM systems, both are
on the way to evolving into 3G radio mobile networks. The purpose of this
book is to provide a clear understanding of the technology adopted in 3rdgeneraton (3G) networks and build a systematic understanding of the
working principles, performance indices, hardware structure and system
configuration of ZTE 3G cdma2000 compact-model base station
transceiver. This book is intended to help readers make better use of other
relevant product literature and lay the foundation for system operation
and maintenance.
The all-IP base station mentioned in this manual refers to the base station
of cdma2000 system.
In this book, ZXC10 CBTS is briefed as BTS, ZXC10 BSCB, as BSC and
ZXC10 BSSB, as BSS.
How to Use This Manual
This manual consists of five chapters:
Chapter 1 System Overview
It describes the position and functions of the BTS in the CDMA system and
presents the standards followed by ZXC-BTS.
Chapter 2 Hardware
It describes the overall hardware structure and module functions of the
BTS.
Chapter 3 Software
It describes the software structure and function modules of the software in
BTS.
Chapter 4 Networking and Configuration
It describes the connection, networking modes and configurations of BTS.
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xi
ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
Chapter 5 Technical Indices
It describes briefly the performance indices of BTS.
Appendix A Abbreviations
It lists the abbreviations used in this manual and other common ones
concerning CDMA topics.
Typographical Conventions
ZTE documents employ with the following typographical conventions.
TYPOGRAPHICAL CONVENTIONS
Typeface
Meaning
Italics
References to other guides and documents.
Note: Provides additional information about a certain topic.
How to Get in Touch
The following sections provide information on how to obtain support for
the documentation and the software.
Customer Support
If you have problems, questions, comments, or suggestions regarding
your product, contact us by e-mail at support@zte.com.cn. You can also
call our customer support center at (86) 755 26771900 and (86) 8009830-9830.
Documentation Support
ZTE welcomes your comments and suggestions on the quality and
usefulness of this document. For further questions, comments, or
suggestions on the documentation, you can contact us by e-mail at
doc@zte.com.cn; or you can fax your comments and suggestions to (86)
755
26772236.
You
can
also
explore
our
website
at
http://support.zte.com.cn, which contains various interesting subjects like
documentation, knowledge base, forum and service request.
xii
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
Chapter
System Overview
In this chapter, you will learn about:
Position of BTS in the CDMA system
Architecture, functions and features of BTS
Standards followed by BTS
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13
ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
Position of BTS in the CDMA
System
The Base Transceiver Station (BTS) connects a Mobile Station (MS) to the
mobile network in a mobile communications system through its radio
interface functionalities. It best reflects the radio transmission features in
a CDMA system.
BTSB (all-IP BTS), developed by ZTE Corporation, is an IP-based new
generation BTS that is designed to fill in the varying needs of our
customers. It features large capacity, abundant transmission modes and
high adaptability.
An all-IP network is made up of three parts: MS (Mobile Station), RAN
(Radio Access Network) and CN (Core Network).
MS: A mobile phone, mobile station or mobile terminal;
RAN: Located between MS and CN and connects these two parts. It
processes radio signals and consists of two parts: BSCB/PCF/IWF
(combined as BSCB) and BTS;
CN: Provides authentication at the network side and interfaces with a
public network.
As a member of the BTSB family, ZXC10 CBTS is special for its compact
structure, in addition to other advantages such as large capacity and high
integration level.
The position of BTS in Base Station Subsystem (BSS) is shown in Fig. 1.
FIG. 1 POSITION OF BTS IN BSS
MS
interface
Abis
Um
BTS
95 MS
PSTN
MSC
MS
BSC
SS7 network
1X MS
MS
IP
network
PDSN
BTS
1X DO
MS
14
RAN
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CN
Chapter 1 - System Overview
As seen from the diagram, BTS is located between mobile stations (MSs)
and the Base Station Controller (BSC). It encodes, decodes, modulates
and demodulates CDMA signals, performs up-conversion and downconversion for subscriber data, amplifies RF power, and transmits /
receives radio signals.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
System Features
Multiple Frequency Bands Supported
BTS supports frequency bands of 450 MHz, 800 MHz, 850 MHz, 1900 MHz
and 2100 MHz, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 FREQUENCY BANDS SUPPORTED BY BTS
Serial
No.
Frequency Band
Upper Frequency
Limit (MHz)
Lower Frequency
Limit (MHz)
800 MHz (Band Class 0)
824~849
869~894
1900 MHz (Band Class 1)
1850~1910
1930~1990
450 MHz (Band Class 5)
450~457.5
460~467.5
2100 MHz (Band Class 6)
1920~1980
2110~2170
850 MHz (Band Class 10)
806~821
851~866
Large Capacity
The LRFS (Local RFS) in one cabinet supports up to 12 carrier sectors
and another 12 carrier sectors by connecting an RRFS (Remote RFS).
Two combined BTS cabinets support up to 8-carrier 3-sector or 4carrier 6-sector configuration, and another 8-carrier 3-sector or 4carrier 6-sector configuration by connecting an RRFS.
One BDS supports at least 4-carrier 3-sector configuration (CE
resource of 4-carrier 3-sector for EV-DO, and 8-carrier 3-sector or 4carrier 6-sector for 1X).
The large capacity advantage of BTS allows for less BTS needed for
traffic-hot areas, and in turn saves investment in transmission device,
equipment room, power supply and telecom towers.
Compactness
The compact BTS, as its name implies, is small in size and one cabinet
(W700 × H800 × D800, unit: mm) has only two shelves. It is actually
the smallest BTS ever produced by the industry.
The compactness advantage plus high capacity requires less space for
installing the BTS and also other auxiliary equipment.
Technological Advantages
Support smooth evolution to 1X EV-DV and CDMA2000-3X.
Employ all-IP architecture with large switching capacity, high QoS
guarantee and robust reliability.
16
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
Chapter 1 - System Overview
Adopt the IP-based cUDP/PPPMux/MultilinkPPP for its Abis interface for
higher transmission efficiency at a lower cost.
Use the multi-frequency digital intermediate frequency technology to
make do with less RF modules.
Support transmission diversity, intelligent antenna and linear predistortion amplifier.
High channel efficiency.
Support different configurations such as 4-carrier 3-sector, 2-carrier 6sector and 1-carrier 12-sector.
Adopt high reuse-efficiency transmission system between its BDS and
RFS subsystems and data of 24 carrier sectors can be transmitted over
one fibre pair.
Support dynamic downloading of board software, making upgrade and
maintenance convenient.
High Reliability
Advanced
EMC
(Electromagnetic
(Electromagnetic Interference) design.
Compatibility)
and
EMI
The RRFS supports ring networking through fibres and link backup for
switchover when necessary. Link switchover is independent of board
switchover to enhance transmission reliability.
The clock system is compatible with the GPS and GLONASS system.
All important boards are configured in 1+1 hot backup mode.
The GCM provides reliable clock for a short term and ensures the
locked status of clock during 72 hours after the GPS synchronous
signal is lost.
Flexible Networking
Abis interface for flexible networking:
Support Ethernet direct connection for when BTS and BSC are installed
in the same room or not far from each other.
Support star, chain, tree and ring networking.
Support 75 Ω / 120 Ω E1 interface, 100Ω T1 interface, and built-in
SDH transmission interface.
The BTS can use 220V AC or –48V DC and it has the built-in primary
power supply.
Smooth Expansion and Upgrade
All boards support hot swapping, convenient for online upgrade and
maintenance.
The Channel Module (CHM) can be configured easily as a subcard.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
One BDS supports up to 24 carrier sectors and more BDS shelves can
be added to expand capacity.
Capacity can be expanded with more channel modules and RF modules.
Support RRFS with multiple sectors.
Support CHM configuration of different scales in 1X system, as well as
mixed configuration EV-DO and EV-DV CHMs.
Easy Operation and Maintenance
Support order wire phone from a BTS to its BSC or to another BTS
through the network management access of SDH.
The RRFS is also available with
communicating with the BDS and BSC.
an
orderwire
interface
for
Provide online test and performance evaluation for the BTS through its
BTM (BTS Test Module).
Support local operation & maintenance of BTS through its 10M
Ethernet test port to control BDS and RFS, test their functions and
collect their performance parameters.
Support online upgrade. Support remote downloading of logic, MCU
MCU program, BOOT program and FLASH file.
Provide graphical user interface for easy operation and maintenance.
The interface shows the topology maps, tool bars and real rack layout.
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Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
Chapter 1 - System Overview
Functions
BTS functions as a bridge connecting mobile stations to BSC in the CDMA
system. Details are given below:
BTS communicates with MS (mobile station) through a CDMA air
interface.
BTS communicates with BSC (Base Station Controller) through an Abis
interface.
In the forward link, BTS first receives data from BSC through the Abis
interface, then encodes and modulates the data, next converts
baseband signals into radio frequency signals, finally transmits them
through a power amplifier, the radio frequency front end (RFE) and an
antenna.
In the reverse link, BTS first receives weak radio signals through the
antenna feeder and RFE. The signals then undergo low noise
amplification, down frequency conversion, and decoding and
demodulation. Finally, BTS sends the data through the Abis interface to
BSC.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
International Standards Followed
by BTS
1. 3GPP2 C.S0002-A version 6.0 (IS-2000 Release A).
2. 3GPP2 A.S0001-A version 2.0 (3G-IOSv4.1).
3. 3GPP2 A.S0011-A v1.0 (3G-IOS v4.3).
4. ANSI J-STD-008, Personal Station-Base Station Compatibility
Requirement for 1.8 to 2.0 GHz Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
Personal Communications System, 1996.
5. TIA/EIA/TSB-74, Support for 14.4 Kbps Data Rate and PCS Interaction
for Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular System, 1995.
6. TIA/EIA/IS-95-A, Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility Standard
for Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular Systems.
7. TIA/EIA/IS-95, Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility Standard for
Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular Systems.
8. TIA/EIA/IS-637 Short Message
Spectrum Cellular Systems, 1997.
Services
for
Wideband
Spread
9. TIA/EIA/IS-127, Enhanced Variable Rate Codec Speech Service Option
3 for Wideband Spread Spectrum Digital Systems, 1996.
10. TIA/EIA/IS-658, Data Service Interworking Function Interface for
Wideband
Spread Spectrum Systems.
11. CDG RF36, Markov Service Option for Wideband Spread Spectrum
Communications Sytems.
12. TIA/EIA/IS-725, Over-the-Air Service Provisioning of Mobile Stations in
Wideband Spread Spectrum Systems, 1997.
13. TIA/EIA/IS-728, Inter-System Link Protocol.
14. TIA/EIA/IS-733, High Rate Speech Service Option 17 for Wideband
Spread Spectrum Communication Systems.
15. TIA/EIA/IS-707, Data Service Options for Wideband Spread Spectrum
Systems, 1998.
16. TIA/EIA/IS-707-A-2 Data Service
Systems Addendum 2, 2000.
Options
for
Spread
Spectrum
17. ITU-T Q.714 Signaling connection control part (SCCP).
18. ITU-T Q.704 Signal link (MTP3).
19. ITU-T Q.703 Signal link (MTP2).
20. 3GPP2 C.S0024, cdma2000 High Rate Packet Data Air Interface
Specification，December 2001.
21. 3GPP2 A.S0007, 1xEV-DO Inter-Operability Specification (IOS) for
cdma2000 Access Network Interface, June 2001.
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Chapter 1 - System Overview
22. 3GPP2 C.S0029, Test Application Specification (TAS) for High Rate
Packet Data Air Interface, July 2001.
23. TIA/EIA/IS-97D，Recommended Minimum Performance Standards for
Base Stations Supporting Dual Mode Spread Spectrum Systems, 2001.
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21
Chapter
BTS Hardware
In this chapter, you will learn about:
Hardware structure
Composition of subsystems
Features and functions of each subsystem
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22
Chapter 2 - BTS Hardware
Hardware Structure
A BTS is made up of BDS, RFS and PWS (optional) in terms of hardware.
Physically, they are racks, shelves and boards.
The hardware structure of BTS can be seen either from a physical or
logical point of view. This chapter describes the hardware structure of BTS,
however, for more information on the boards, please refer to ZXC10 CBTS
(V1.0) cdma2000 Compact Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.
BTS Physical Structure
Fig. 2 shows the physical structure of a BTS cabinet.
FIG. 2 BTS PHYSICAL STRUCTURE
RPD
IM
C C C C C C D S
H H H H C C S N
M M M M M M M M
IM
As the above figure shows, BTS is physically divided into two shelves. The
top one has 17 slots for accommodating the BDS and TRX boards and the
bottom one has 7 slots for the RFE, LPA and PIM boards.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
Logical Structure
BTS is logically divided into BDS and RFS, as shown in Fig. 3. The PWS is
also necessary in case there is no available –48V DC secondary power
supply on site.
FIG. 3 BTS LOGICAL STRUCTURE
RRFS
...
LRFS
RRFS
...
LRFS
RRFS
...
LRFS
RRFS
RRFS
RRFS
RRFS
...
...
...
LRFS
LRFS
LRFS
MBDS
MBDS
SBDS
SBDS
SBDS
RFS
BDS
To BSC
1. BDS
BDS is further divided into three functional entities: BCS (BTS
Communication Subsystem), BBS (BTS Baseband Subsystem) and TFS
(Time Frequency Subsystem).
One BTS suffices for configuration no higher than 12 carrier sectors.
Two BTS cabinets can be combined for configuration higher than 12
carrier sectors. For two combined cabinets, one is the master one
(Master BDS, MBDS) and the other is the slave one (Slave BDS, SBDS).
MBDS and SBDS have the same structure and working principle but
with different configurations.
2. RFS
RFS is further divided into two parts: TRX and PA + RFE amplifier +
RFE subsystem. Its work includes some baseband processing, IF
processing,
digital-to-analog
conversion,
RF
modulation
and
demodulation, forward signal power amplification, and backward signal
low noise amplification.
Please note that an RFS can be an LRFS (Local RFS) or RRFS (Remote
RFS), to meet different networking needs. If no otherwise specified,
the RFS in this book refers to an LRFS.
3. PWS
This subsystem supplies power to the whole BTS and it comprises
primary power supply (converts 200 V/1110 V AC to –48 V DC,
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Chapter 2 - BTS Hardware
optional part) and secondary power supply (converts –48 V DC to what
is needed by the BTS boards).
A description of BTS hardware (logical) focused on board functions is
given below.
List of All BTS Boards
All BTS boards are listed in Table 2.
TABLE 2 BTS BOARDS
Abbreviations
Full Name
BDS
CCM
Communication Control Module
DSM
Data Service Module
CHM
Channel Processing Module
RIM
RF Interface Module
GCM
GPS Control Module
SNM
SDN Network Module
SAM
Site Alarm Module
BIM
BDS Interface Module
RFS
RMM
RF Management Module
TRX
Transmitter and Receiver
BTM
BTS Test Module
LPA
Linear Power Amplifier
PIM
Power Amplifier Interface Module
RFE
Radio Frequency End
PWS
APD
AC Power Distribute
PMM
Power Monitor Module
PRM
Power Rectifier Module
RPD
RFS Power Distribute
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
BDS
BDS is the control center and communication platform of the BTS. In BDS
we see many key CDMA technologies, such as diversity technology, RAKE
reception, softer handoff and power control. .
Located between BSC and RFS, BDS connects the two and it is responsible
for baseband signal modulation / demodulation and encoding / decoding,
and generation / distribution of clocks for the whole BTS.
BDS Schematic Diagram
Fig. 4 shows the working principle of BDS.
FIG. 4 BDS SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
FE TEST PORT
BDS
CCM
Media Stream
IP
SS
MM
SD
DS
HM
STM-1
BSC
16X E1
GE/FE
IP SW
Signaling Stream
SBDS
SCM
Media Stream
IP
Signaling Stream
MM
16X E1
IP
HUB
As seen from the diagram above, the components of BDS are:
CHM: performs CE processing (spread-spectrum modulation and
despread-spectrum demodulation). The CHM of each BDS is a CE
resource-sharing pool.
RIM: provides interface to connect BDS and RFS, and performs forward
signal summation and backward signal distribution. It also distributes
clocks from GCM to CHM and CCM.
26
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
Chapter 2 - BTS Hardware
CCM: performs BTS control and network switching. Two CCM boards
can be configured, one active and the other standby. For a single rack
or in the MBDS of combined racks, it’s the CCM board. In the SMDS of
combined racks, it’s the SCM board.
DSM: provides Abis interface to connect with BSC.
SNM: An optional board that works as the SDH interface.
SAM: monitors environment indices, including temperature, humidity,
smog and dust.
GCM: receives synchronous signals from the satellite to generate
system clocks consistent with the UTC (Coordinated Universal Time).
Two GCMs (active + standby) can be configured.
BIM: provides interfaces between master and slave racks, between
BDS and RFS, and between BTS and BSC.
BDS Working Principle
The call processing flow in BDS is as follows.
Forward call processing flow
In the forward link, DSM receives and decompresses the packets
coming from the Abis interface. After that, the packets are resolved
into media stream and control stream.
The media stream is switched on the media stream IP communication
platform of CCM, then goes to CHM, gets encoded and modulated,
changed to forward baseband data stream. Next it goes to RIM for
summation and is finally sent to RFS.
The control stream is switched on the control stream IP communication
platform of CCM. Then it goes to CHM or CCM.
Reverse call processing flow
The reverse call data stream coming from RFS is distributed by RIM to
all CHMs. In CHM the data stream is decoded and demodulated and
then put into packets again before being sent to CCM for switching.
The switched packets are then sent to DSM to be packaged and
compressed once again. Finally the packets are sent to BSC.
Technological Advantages of BDS
An all-IP platform. It uses two Ethernets to switch and control the
media stream and control stream.
Two Ethernets for the switching and transmission of media stream and
signaling (control) stream
High integration: baseband CE resource of 12 carrier sectors for EV-DO
and 24 carrier sectors for 1X
Channel sharing: the baseband CE resource (a shared pool) for 12/24
carrier sectors can be used by any sectors through static or dynamic
CE assignment.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
With the standard “BDS-RFS interface”, the BDS and RFS can be
installed in the same or different cabinets.
The future-proof design of BTS supports a smooth evolution path to 1X
EV-DO, 1X EV-DV or CDMA2000-3X. Different CHMs (CHM0 and CHM1)
can be used in BDS, therefore the same BTS can support both
CDMA2000-1X and EV-DO services at the same time.
In the case BSC and BTS are installed in the same room, BDS can
provide Ethernet interface so as to avoid complex Abis protocol
processing. This is an economy and also reliability-enhancing approach.
BDS Hardware Configuration
The BDS shelf has 17 slots as shown below. All boards given here are BDS
boards.
FIG. 5 BDS CONFIGURATION
BDS
10
11
12
13 14
15
16
17
Note:
There are two types of CHM boards, CHM0 and CHM1, for 1X and EV-DO services
respectively.
As seen from the board layout, two CCM boards are configured: one active
and the other standby. SNM is an optional board that is necessary only
when there is no available optical transmission on site. For a full
configuration of BDS, there are four CHM slots to deliver pure 1X service
with 24 carrier sectors, or pure EV-DO service with 12 carrier sectors.
Besides, the number of CHM boards can be adjusted to adapt to the
capacity requirement.
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Chapter 2 - BTS Hardware
The SBDS is required if there are more than 12 carrier sectors. Fig. 6
below shows a fully configured SBDS shelf.
FIG. 6 SBDS CONFIGURATION
SBDS
10
11
12
13 14
15
16
17
The SBDS has no GCM, DSM and SNM boards (while the MBDS does). The
CCM board in MBDS is changed to SCM in SBDS.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
RFS
The RFS (radio frequency subsystem) in a mobile cellular network is used
basically for air interfacing through the antenna. The RFS in a CDMA
system equipped by such technologies as power control, cell breathing,
soft handoff, GPS timing, and diversity reception is different from those in
other cellular networks.
Besides the function related with the air interface, RFS connects to BDS
through the RMM board. It also transmits CDMA signals after modulation
and receives CDMA signals after demodulation. It has other functions such
as detection, monitoring, configuration, control, and cell breathing,
blossoming and wilting.
The whole RFS subsystem consists of the antenna feeder system outside
BTS and the TRX, HPA and RFE (the parts that are involved in signal
transmission and reception) inside BTS. A typical antenna feeder system is
made up of the antenna, antenna jumper, main feeder, lightning arrester,
rack-top jumper, and other components for grounding.
Further description on the antenna feeder system is omitted in this book.
If not otherwise specified, the RFS in this book refers to its parts inside
BTS.
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Chapter 2 - BTS Hardware
RFS Schematic Diagram
Located between BDS and MS (Mobile Station), RFS connects to the BDS
through a data interface and to the MS through the air RF interface. Its
working principle is shown in Fig. 7.
FIG. 7 RFS SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
......
RFE
RFE
BTM
......
Control Bus & Clk
Rev.Link
......
PA
Combin/TSM/RSM
Rev.Link
TRX
......
Ctl-Bus
& clk
TRX
TRX
Rev.Link
Fwd.Link
Con t r o l Bu s &Cl k
PA
RMM
RFS
BDS
Functions of RFS are:
TRX: performs signal up- and down-frequency conversion.
RMM: Connects RFS and BDS.
LPA: performs signal power amplification on the forward link.
RFE: performs low noise amplification, being the interface between RFS
and the antenna feeder.
BTM: performs the radio test for the BTS.
PIM: works as the interface of power amplifier.
RFS Working Principle
Call processing flow in RFS is as follows.
In the forward link, the data stream from the BDS converges in RMM
and then is distributed to TRX. The stream in TRX changes to
intermediate frequency (IF) signals first and then goes to RFE for upconversion. The RF signals generated are finally transmitted through
RFE and antenna feeder after power amplification.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
In the reverse link, the radio signals received from the antenna run
through the LPA of RFE to the TRX for down-conversion processing.
They become IF signals first, undergo digital IF processing, then turn
into sample signals of the BDS, and are finally sent to RMM. RMM puts
all data sent from TRX into a packet and sends it to BDS.
The GCM board in BDS provides clock signal for RIM. RIM then
provides RFS with the clock signal.
Technological Advantages of RFS
LRFS and RRFS are both RFS but with different applications. As one
BTS may have no more than one LRFS, it may connect to several
RRFSs. While LRFS is always set up in the same equipment room as
the BDS, RRFS can be placed miles away from the BDS in the cave,
subway or other irregular locations.
BDS and RFS can be connected in the star, chain or ring networking
modes through the RIM.
One TRX may provide the capacity of 4 carriers and adopt the LPA for
4 carriers.
In a single cabinet, there can be 12 carrier sectors (1~4 carriers × 1~3
sectors).
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Chapter 2 - BTS Hardware
Hardware Configuration
The RFS boards are located in both shelves of the BTS as shown below.
FIG. 8 RFE CONFIGURATION
RFS
B T
T R
M X
T R
R M
X M
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
PWS
The PWS subsystem supplies power for the whole BTS cabinet. It converts
AC to DC, performs power distribution and monitoring, and manages the
storage battery.
A PWS can comprise the primary (not required if the –48 V is usable on
site) and secondary power supply. The primary one converts 220 V/110 V
AC to -48 V while the secondary one converts and distributes the –48 V
DC again to ±12 V, ±5 V, 27 V, 3.3 V and 2.5V.
PWS Schematic Diagram
In the case the 220 V/110 V AC is available on site, the PWS works in the
way as shown below:
FIG. 9 PWS SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
-48V DC Out
220V/110V AC In
APD
Temperature,Door...
PMM
CCM/RMM
Components of PWS include:
PMM (Power Monitor Module): monitors the power system and
reporting the status.
APD (AC Power Distribution Module): Converts the 220 V/110 V AC to 48 V DC, used when the user provides the 220 V/110 V AC only.
PRM (Power Rectifier Module): used for AC input and can be configured
in 5+1 mode.
RPD (RFS Power Distribute): converts –48 V to provide suitable power
supplies for the RFS boards.
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Chapter 2 - BTS Hardware
PWS Working Principle
The 220 V/110 V AC is distributed by APD first, then rectified by PRM,
converted to primary power supply, next output as –48 V DC.
The primary –48 V DC is again converted and distributed by RPD into ±12
V, ±5 V, 27 V, 3.3 V and 2.5V for the RFS boards.
Hardware Configuration
The primary power supply part of PWS is an optional configuration that
can be detached from the BTS. The RPD board is the secondary power
supply part of PWS that is inseparable from the BTS.
This section covers the hardware configuration of the primary power
supply only (see the diagram below). For configuration details of the
secondary power supply, please refer to the hardware manual.
FIG. 10 PRIMARY POWER SUPPLY OF PWS
APD
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Chapter
BTS Software
In this chapter, you will learn about:
BTS software subsystems and functions
Software of CCM, CHM, RMM and TRX boards
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Chapter 3 - BTS Software
BTS Software Overview
This chapter covers a brief introduction to the BTS software system,
especially the software functions of boards CCM, CHM, RMM and TRX. For
details of the BTS composition of software that is the same as that of BSC,
refer to ZXC10 BSCB (V1.0) cdma2000 Base Station Controller Technical
Manual.
In terms of functions, BTS software is composed of the following parts:
OSS (Operation System Subsystem), SCS (System Control Subsystem),
SPS (Service Processing Subsystem), OMC (Operation and Maintenance
Center), BSP&Driver (operation system subsystem) and DBS (Database
Subsystem), as shown in Fig. 11.
FIG. 11 BTS SOFTWARE STRUCTURE
SPS
SCS
OMC
DBS
OSS
SIG
BRS
CORE
BSP & Driver
The BTS software is distributed in various boards and the OMC.
1. SPS delivers cdma2000 1X, EV-DV services based on the air Um
interface standard (IS-2000).
2. OMC provides interfaces to authorized administrators and upper NM
system for the purpose of operation & maintenance of the whole BTS.
3. DBS provides centralized management on BSS data and is the support
system of the upper-layer applications (SPS and OMS).
4. BSP&Driver is the basis of all the other subsystems. It shields the
hardware details from the subscriber process, and provides process
dispatching, timer, communication and memory management services.
The core of BSP&Drive is the commercial operating system kernel.
Above the kernel is the encapsulation layer, which encapsulates the
kernel system invoking and shields unnecessary functions from the
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
subscriber process. The encapsulation layer provides the subscriber
process with necessary primitive and function invoking interfaces.
5. SCS performs monitoring, startup and version downloading of the BTS
software system. It runs on the operating system and database
subsystem.
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Chapter 3 - BTS Software
CCM Software
CCM, Communication Control Module, is located in the BDS shelf.
Functions of CCM software include:
Allocate all BTS radio resources.
Process related signaling for the voice and data services of the BTS it is
responsible for.
Implement centralized management on BTS data, including physical
configuration data and wireless data.
Communicate through the Ethernet and HDLC communication with the
BSC and other boards of BTS.
Monitor BDS and RFS boards and report alarms.
Control power-on and configuration of other BTS boards.
Support active / standby changeover of CCM.
Support downloading and query of software version and logic of BTS
boards.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
CHM0 Software
CHM0 is responsible for the cdma20001x channel modulation and
demodulation. Its functions are as follows.
Provide communication interface with CCM.
Modulate voice and data frames coming from CCM in the forward link,
and send the modulated data to RIM.
Demodulate antenna signals coming from the RIM through the BDS
interface in the reverse link into voice and data frames, and send them
to CCM for switching.
Support the cdma2000 physical layer protocol: IS-2000-2 RELASE A.
Support OTD (Orthogonal Transmit Diversity) and STS.
Support forward links, including: pilot channels such as F-PICH, FTDPICH, F-APICH and F-ATDPICH; control channels such as F-SYNCH,
F-PCH, F-BCH, F-QPCH, F-CPCCH, F-CACH and F-CCCH; and traffic
channels such as F-DCCH, F-FCH, F-SCH and F-SCCH. .
Support reverse links, including: access channels such as R-ACH, REACH and R-CCCH; and traffic channels such as R-DCCH, R-FCH, RSCH and R-SCCH.
Support board hot swapping.
Allow online version downloading via a transmission bus.
Control system’s remote soft reset and backplane interface disabling .
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Chapter 3 - BTS Software
CHM1 Software
Software CES-HRPD runs on CHM1 to deliver EV-DO service. It is designed
on the CSM5500 chip.
CHM-HRPD runs under CES-HRPD control, and processes HRPD air
interface control channel signaling and service data frames.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
RMM Software
Functions of RMM software include:
Monitor the RFS boards.
Communicate with BDS boards and other RFS boards.
Support downloading and query of RFS boards’ software version and
logic.
Support power-on, address acquisition and data configuration of RFS
boards.
Manage RFS boards’ status.
Control the switchover of RFS fiber links.
Control TRX switchover.
Control PA switchover.
Support the diagnostic test for RFS boards.
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Chapter 3 - BTS Software
TRX Software
The TRX board is the core of RFS in a BTS. It is responsible for signal
conversion in both forward and reverse links, including conversion from
digital baseband signal to analog RF signals. It uses the digital IF and
multi-carrier technologies.
TRX software provides the following functions.
Query and report RSSI signal energy.
Attenuation and gain control in both forward and reverse links.
Configure RFS boards.
Monitor board status.
DSP configuration.
Auto-scaling control.
Diagnostic test of TRX board.
Support cell blossom, wilting and breathing.
Board backup control.
If BTM is configured, it provides test signals for the transceiving
devices located in the BTS sectors with the help of test MS, for the
purpose of online test on system performance.
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Chapter
BTS Networking and
Configuration
In this chapter, you will learn about:
BTS networking modes
BTS networking configuration
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Chapter 4 - BTS Networking and Configuration
Networking through Abis Interface
This chapter starts with describing the BSS networking mode, next BTS
networking mode and finally BTS networking configuration.
BSS (Base Station System) includes BTS (Base Transceiver Station) and
BSC (Base Station Controller). BTS is composed of BDS, local RFS (LRFS)
and remote RFS (RRFS). Multiple networking modes are workable as
shown in Fig. 12
FIG. 12 CDMA2000 BSS NETWORKING
BTS = Macro BTS
or Micro BTS
or Compact BTS
....
....
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
....
....
BTS
Abis Ring
BTS
Abis Chain
BSC
....
....
Abis
E1 or SDH
BTS
Abis Star
BSC connects with BTS (macro or micro) through the Abis interface to
form various network shapes, such as star, chain, and ring.
Star networking
By star-shaped networking, it means that each BTS connects with BSC
individually and directly, or indirectly through external transmission
device.
Ring networking
Several BTS connect in serial to BSC as in a ring structure.
Chain networking
In a chain networking mode, several BTS are connected to form a
chain with the last BTS connecting to BSC through E1/T1 or SDH.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
Actual BSS networking may adopt a combined mode of ring, star and
chain, as shown in Fig. 13.
FIG. 13 BSS NETWORKING
BSC
BSC connects with BTS through E1/T1, SDH or Ethernet interface. The
Ethernet approach applies when BSC is near BTS and in this way, the
complex Abis link compression protocol is avoided, the networking cost cut
down and reliability enhanced.
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Chapter 4 - BTS Networking and Configuration
BTS Networking
BTS is in terms of hardware a set of radio transceiving devices that serve
a cell, which can be of omni-directional, 2-sector, 3-sector or 6-sector
structure. It modulates and demodulates signals, but in a more complex
way than a regular modem.
BTS bears radio service functions of BSS, including radio transmission with
the MS (Mobile Station) through IS2000 air interface and control over the
radio channel. It is connected with BSC through Abis interface and
controlled by BSC.
In BTS, BDS and RFS are connected flexibly through a standard interface
to fill in different networking needs.
Table 3 lists some commonly used BTS networking modes.
TABLE 3 BTS NETWORKING MODES
Mode
Full Name
Description
LS
Local Single Mode
Support 4-carrier 3-sector (1X/EV-DO),
not support RRFS
RS
Remote Single Mode
May work as the RRFS, support 4-carrier
3-sector (1X/DO)
LEA
Local Extend Mode A
RFS added in combined cabinet to support
voice service (1X) for configuration of 8carrier 3-sector or 4-carrier 6-sector
LEB
Local Extend Mode B
BDS and RFS added in combined cabinet
to support 1X/EV-DO for configuration of
8-carrier 3-sector or 4-carrier 6-sector
Remote Extend Mode
Remote CBTS or MBTS-RFS added
through fiber connection. LRFS+RRFS
supports 12 carrier sectors for EV-DO or
nearly 24 carrier sectors for 1X
MIX Extend Mode
BDS and RFS added in combined cabinet,
with remote CBTS or MBTS-RFS added
through fiber connection, to support 24
carrier sectors for EV-DO or nearly 48
carrier sectors for 1X
RE
ME
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
LS Mode
The LS networking mode is suitable for the economy configuration of 12
carrier sectors for EV-DO and 24 carrier sectors for 1X service.
With the 4-carrier 3-sector configuration in this mode, 2 (max. 3) CHM0
can be used with 2 slots left idle to deliver pure 1X service, or 4 CHM1 be
used for pure EV-DO service. Fig. 14 shows the slot diagram.
FIG. 14 BTS BOARD LAYOUT IN LS MODE
RPD
48
T T T
R R R
X X X
C C D S G B
C C S N C I
M M M M M M
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Chapter 4 - BTS Networking and Configuration
RS Mode
The RS networking mode applies when the RRFS is used independently
and 4-carrier 3-sector is configured. It is another economy approach.
In the RS mode, the BDS is locally installed and it can be a super BTS,
single macro BTSB or CBTS; while the remote CBTS accommodates only
the RFS. Such configuration (see below) supports 12 carrier sectors for
either EV-DO or 1X.
FIG. 15 RS MODE
RPD
RFE
RFE
RFE
LEA Mode
The LEA networking mode applies when the CBTS system is deployed with
4-carrier 3-sector to deliver pure 1X or 1X + EV-DO services, however the
local RFS has to be extended to fit in system configuration (while the
baseband resource is enough).
In the LEA mode, two CBTS cabinets are combined with the additional one
configured with only RFS (no BDS). This mode provides a capacity of 24
carrier sectors to deliver pure 1X service, or 4-carrier 3-sector for 1X +
EV-DO. (In this mode, the BDS supports only 12 carrier sectors to deliver
pure EV-DO service. That’s why the LS mode is more preferable for pure
EV-DO service.)
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
There are two workable approaches for local RFS extension: carrier
extension (more than 4 carriers) and sector extension (more than 3
sectors). The two extension modes differ in the RFE board and the cable
that connects two cabinets. Fig. 16 shows the board layout in LEA mode.
FIG. 16 LEA MODE
RF combined cabnet alternate cable
RPD
RFE
RFE
R C C
I H H
M M M
0 0 0
RFE
RF combined cabnet alternate cable
C C D S G B
C C S N C I
M M M M M M
‘BASE-RF’ optical fiber
RPD
RFE
RFE
RFE
RF combined cabnet alternate cable
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Chapter 4 - BTS Networking and Configuration
LEB Mode
The LEB mode is basically a BDS + RFS extension approach to deliver pure
DO or 1X + DO service.
Two BTS cabinets are combined in this mode with the additional cabinet
configured with both baseband and RF resource. This mode allows no
sharing of baseband, that is, both master BTS and slave BTS have their
own baseband and RF resource. However, both cabinets share the CCM
and Abis interface.
This mode provides a capacity of 24 carrier sectors to deliver pure DO
service, or 4-carrier 3-sector for 1X + DO.
There are two extension approaches for this mode: carrier extension
(more than 4 carriers) and sector extension (more than 3 sectors). The
two extension modes differ in the RFE board and the cable that connects
two cabinets. Fig. 17 shows the board layout in LEA mode.
FIG. 17 LEB MODE
RF combined cabnet alternate cable
RPD
RFE
RFE
R C C
I H H
M M M
1 1 1
RFE
C C D S G B
C C S N C I
M M M M M M
RF combined cabnet alternate cable
BASE cascade cable
RPD
RFE
RFE
R C C
I H H
M M M
1 1 1
RFE
S S
C C
M M
RF combined cabnet alternate cable
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
RE Mode
In the RE mode, the RFS is installed in a remote place from the BTS with
the fiber used for connection. This mode applies when the remote RFS
needs to share the local surplus BDS resource. For the BDS (4×CHM) in a
single BTS, this mode provides a capacity of 12 carrier sectors to deliver
pure EV-DO service and 24 carrier sectors to deliver pure 1X service. See
below for the configuration.
FIG. 18 RE MODE
RRFS
RRFS
RRFS
RPD
RFE
52
RFE
RFE
C C D S
C C S N
M M M M
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Chapter 4 - BTS Networking and Configuration
ME Mode
The ME mode is a combination of LEB and RE modes. Both local extension
(BDS and RFS) and remote extension (RFS, with fiber used for connection)
are necessary for this mode. After BDS extension, the mode provides a
max. capacity of 24 carrier sectors to deliver pure EV-DO service, or 48
carrier sectors to deliver 1X service. If the local master BTS is configured
with 4-carrier 3-sector or less, the slave BTS may have no local RFS
configured. If the local master BTS is configured with more than 4-carrier
3-sector, then the slave BTS should have RFS configured. The redundant
BDS resource can be shared with the remote RFS. See below for the
configuration.
FIG. 19 ME MODE
RRFS
RRFS
RRFS
RRFS
RRFS
BDS
BDS
LRFS
LRFS
M-CBTS
S-CBTS
BTS Configuration
BDS Configuration
A master BDS includes SAM, GCM, CHM, RIM, CCM, DSM, SNM, BIM and
RPD boards.
A slave BDS is configured to suit different networking modes.
Configuration requirement:
CCM: usually configured in active/standby pairs.
SNM: optional, usually not needed.
CHM: configured according to the number of carriers.
CHM0: As one CHM0 provides 256 CEs for 1X service, the number of CHM0
needed is k/256 (k is the total traffic erl).
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
CHM1: As one CHM1 provides the capacity of 3 carrier sectors for EV-DO
service, the number of CHM1 is n/3 (n is the total number EV-DO carrier
sectors).
CHM0 and CHM1 can be used together in the same shelf.
RFS Configuration
An RFS can be made up of LRFS and RRFS. LRFS works for the local BTS,
while RRFS can work either for the local BTS or another BTS.
This sector covers the configuration of LRFS only.
The LRFS has such boards as BTM, TRX, RMM, LPA and RFE.
The number of TRX and LPA to be configured depends on number of
carriers and sectors. If 4 carriers are enough for continuous coverage,
number of TRX/LPA is the same as that of sectors. If two 4 × carriers are
needed, number of TRX/LPA is twice that of sectors. For example:
3 TRX and 3 LPA for 1-carrier 3-sector.
3 TRX and 3 LPA for 2-carrier (continuous) 3-sector.
3 TRX and 3 LPA for 3-carrier (continuous) 3-sector.
3 TRX and 3 LPA for 4-carrier (continuous) 3-sector.
TRX and 6 LPA for 8-carrier (continuous) 3-sector (3 of the 6 TRX and
3 of the 6 LPA can be installed in the added cabinet).
TRX and 6 LPA for 4-carrier (continuous) 6-sector (3 of the 6 TRX and
3 of the 6 LPA can be installed in the added cabinet).
Neither LPA nor TRX is configured in active/standby pairs.
PWS Configuration
The primary power shelf can be omitted if the –48 VDC is ready on site.
The primary power shelf needs to be prepared if there is only 220
V/110VAC ready on site.
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Chapter
Technical Indices
In this chapter, you will learn about:
Environment indices of the BTS system
Performance indices (parameter
components of the BTS system
requirements)
of the
functional
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
Environment Indices
The environment indices set requirements on the physical parameters,
power supply, grounding, temperature, humidity and cleanness, which are
given in Table 4.
TABLE 4 ENVIRONMENT INDICES
Environment Indices
Dimension (mm)
Physical
Index
Power
supply
Requirements
Single cabinet (mm): W700 × D800 × H800
PWS cabinet (optional): W700 × D600 × H400
4-carrier 1–sector: 155
Weight (kg)
4-carrier 3-sector: 211
4-carrier 6-sector or 8-carrier 3-sector: 422
Load-bearing of
the floor (kg/m2)
>377
Primary
power
supply input
150 V~300 V for 200 V AC or 90 V ~138 V for 100
V AC
Secondary power
supply input
-42.3 V ~ -56.5 V if -48 V DC is used
Power
consumption
Varies with the configuration (refer to Table 5.1-2)
Grounding
Joint grounding resistance ≤ 1 Ω
Temperature
Long-term:
5°C~50°C
Humidity
Long-term:
15%~80%
Cleanness
Dust granule diameter <5 μ m, dust granule
density ≤ 13 ° 104 granules/m3 (dust granules
should be non-conductive, non-magnetic and noncorrosive)
Short-term: -20°C~60°C
Short-term:5%~95%
Note:
Temperature and humidity values are measured 2m above floor and 0.4m in front
of equipment that has no fender at the front or back.
By “short-term” it means less than continuous 48 hours or less than cumulative 15
days in a year.
56
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Chapter 5 - Technical Indices
TABLE 5 BTS POWER CONSUMPTION
Configuration
Power
Amplifier
Output
Working
Voltage
Max. Power
Consumption
for 1X
-48 V
Approx. 1400 W Approx. 1400 W
Max. Power
Consumption for
DO
Single-carrier
single-sector
LPA, 40 W
2-carrier 1–sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 1400 W Approx. 1400 W
3-carrier 1–sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 1400 W Approx. 1400 W
5-carrier 1-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 2000 W Approx. 2000 W
7-carrier 1-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 2000 W Approx. 2100 W
1-carrier 3–sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 2500 W Approx. 2600 W
2-carrier 3–sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 2600 W Approx. 2600 W
3-carrier 3-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 2600 W Approx. 2700 W
4-carrier 3-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 2600 W Approx. 2700 W
5-carrier 3-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 4400 W Approx. 4500 W
7-carrier 3-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 4500 W Approx. 4600 W
8-carrier 3-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 4500 W Approx. 4700 W
1-carrier 6-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 4300 W Approx. 4400 W
2-carrier 6-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 4400 W Approx. 4500 W
3-carrier 6-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 4500 W Approx. 4600 W
4-carrier 6-sector
LPA, 40 W
-48 V
Approx. 4500 W Approx. 4700 W
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
Performance Indices
The performance indices set requirements on the reliability, interface,
capacity, frequency band and clock.
Reliability
Mean Time Between Critical Faults (MTBCF): > 100000 hours;
Mean Time Between Faults (MTBF): > 63492 hours;
Mean Time To Recovery (MTTR): 0.5 hours.
Availability: > 99.987%.
Interface
Abis interface: E1/T1 and SDH connection;
Interface between BDS and RRFS: fiber connection.
Capacity
A single BTS cabinet can be configured with 24 carrier sectors for 1X
service or 12 carrier sectors for EV-DO service.
RRFS networking: star-, chain- or ring-shaped networking.
RRFS: One BDS can work with at most 24 RRFS sites.
A single LRFS (indoor) can be configured with at most 24 carrier
sectors.
Frequency Band
The system supports five frequency bands as set forth in IS-97D “CDMA
BTS Minimum Performance Standard”: Band Class 0 (800 MHz), Band
Class 1 (1.9 GMHz), Band Class 5 (450 MHz), Band Class 6 (2.1 GMHz)
and Band Class 10 (850 MHz).
Specs of Bands 800 MHz, 450 MHz and
850 MHz
1. Receiver (with an LNA)
TABLE 6 RECEIVER INDEX AT 800 MHZ, 450 MHZ AND 850 MHZ
58
Working
bands
800 MHz, 450 MHz and 850 MHz
Channel
bandwidth
1.23 MHz(800 MHz), 1.25 MHz (450 MHz, 850 MHz)
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Chapter 5 - Technical Indices
Working
bands
800 MHz, 450 MHz and 850 MHz
Rx sensibility
≤ -125 dBm
Rx dynamic
range
Rx sensibility ≤ dynamic range ≤ Noise level -65 dBm/1.23
MHz (Eb/N0 = 10 dB ± 1 dB ), FER < 1%
800 MHz:
± 750 kHz offset center freq; if monotone = 50dB (as
opposed to CDMA signal level), when FER < 1.5%; increase
of MS output power ≤ 3 dB;
± 900 kHz offset center freq; if monotone = 87dB (as
opposed to CDMA signal level), when FER < 1.5%; increase
of MS output power ≤ 3 dB;
Block-proof
450 MHz:
± 900 kHz offset center freq; if monotone = 87dB (as
opposed to CDMA signal level), when FER < 1.5%; increase
of MS output power ≤ 3 dB;
850 MHz:
± 1.25MHz offset center freq; if monotone = 80dB (as
opposed to CDMA signal level), when FER < 1.5%; increase
of MS output power ≤ 3 dB;
800 MHz and 450 MHz:
Intermodulation
spurious
response
attenuation
sensibility
Rx conductive
and emissive
spurious
range
VSWR of RFE
(Rx)
900kHz ~ 1.7MHz and –900kHz ~ -1.7MHz offset center
freq; if dual-tone = 72dB (as opposed to CDMA signal level,
when FER < 1.5%; increase of MS output power ≤ 3 dB;
850 MHz:
1.25MHz ~ 2.05MHz and -1.25MHz ~ -2.05MHz offset
center freq; if dual-tone = 72dB (as opposed to CDMA signal
level, when FER < 1.5%; increase of MS output power ≤ 3
dB;
< -80 dBm (within the BTS Rx frequency)
< -60 dBm (within the BTS Tx frequency)
< -47 dBm (at other frequencies), RBW = 30 kHz
< 1.50
2. Transmitter
TABLE 7 TRANSMITTER INDEX AT 800 MHZ, 450 MHZ AND 850 MHZ
Working bands
800 MHz, 450 MHz and 850 MHz
Transmitter
frequency tolerance
≤ 5×10-8
Channel bandwidth
1.23 MHz (800 MHz), 1.25 MHz (450 MHz, 850 MHz)
Tx modulation
Quadrature modulation
Conductive
emissive
spurious
transmission
< -45 dBc @±750 kHz
kHz)
< -60 dBc @±1.98 MHz
offset center freq (RBW 30
offset center freq(RBW
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
Working bands
800 MHz, 450 MHz and 850 MHz
suppression
30kHz)
> 4 MHz offset:
< -36 dBm (RBW 1 kHz) @
9KHz < f < 150 kHz
< -36 dBm (RBW 10 kHz) @
MHz
< -30 dBm (RBW 1 MHz) @
150KHz < f < 30
1GHz < f < 12.5 GHz
4MHz ~ 6.4 MHz offset:
< -36 dBm (RBW 1kHz) @
30 MHz < f < 1 GHz
6.4MHz ~ 16MHz offset:
< 36 dBm (RBW 10 kHz) @
30 MHz < f < 1 GHz
> 16 MHz offset:
< -36 dBm (RBW 100 kHz) @
60
30 MHz < f < 1 GHz
Code domain power
(inactive channel)
32 dB less than the total output power
Total power
Rated power -4 dB ~ rated power + 2 dB (refer to
IS-97D for the definition and test of total power)
Waveform
quality
(multi-carrier)
ρ> 0.97
Pilot time tolerance
< 3 us; ±1 us between every two CDMA channels of
the same BTS; If the outer system clock is
interrupted, the time difference between the BTS
and CDMA should be kept no more than ±10 us
during 8 hours’ time
Pilot channel and
code-division
channel
time
tolerance
< ±50 ns in the same CDMA channel
Pilot channel and
code-division
channel
phase
tolerance
≤ 0.05 (in radian) in the same CDMA channel
Pilot power
Ratio of pilot power / total power ≤ ±0.5 dB of the
configured value
Rated output power
of amplifier
LPA: 40 W; DPA: 40 W /80 W
Output
linear
dynamic range
> 30 dB
RF (Tx) front end
VSWR
< 1.50
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Chapter 5 - Technical Indices
Specs of 1.9 GHz and 2.1GHz
1. Receiver (with an LNA)
TABLE 8 RECEIVER INDEX AT 1.9 GHZ AND 2.1GHZ
Working band
1.9 GHz、2.1GHz
Channel bandwidth
1.25 MHz
Rx sensibility
< -125 dBm
Rx dynamic range
Rx sensibility (less than –127dBm) ≤ dynamic range
≤ Noise level of the antenna (no less than -65
dBm/1.25 MHz, when Eb/N0 = 10 dB ± 1 dB, FER <
1%
Block-proof
± 1.25 MHz offset center freq; if monotone = 80dB
(as opposed to CDMA signal level without
interference), when FER < 1.5%; increase of MS
output power ≤ 3 dB
Inter-modulation
spurious
response
attenuation
sensibility
1.25 MHz ~ 2.05 MHz and -1.25 MHz ~ -2.05 MHz
offset center freq; if dual-tone = 70dB (as opposed
to CDMA signal level without interference), FER <
1.5%; increase of MS output power ≤ 3 dB
< -80 dBm (in BTS Rx band); < -60 dBm (in BTS Tx
band)
Rx conductive and
emission
spurious
range
1.9 GHz:
< -47 dBm, RBW(30kHz) and all other frequencies
2.1 GHz:
-57dBm (RBW 100KHz) 30MHz < f < 1GHz
-47dBm (RBW 1MHz) 1GHz < f < 12.75GHz
RF (Rx) front end
VSWR
< 1.50
2. Transmitter
TABLE 9 TRANSMITTER INDEX AT 1.9 GHZ AND 2.1GHZ
Working bands
1.9 GHz and 2.1GHz
Transmitter
tolerance
≤ 5×10-8
frequency
Channel bandwidth
1.25 MHz
Tx modulation
Quadrature modulation
In Band Class 6:
Conductive
spurious
suppression
emissive
transmission
< -45 dBc @±885
(RBW 30 kHz)
kHz offset center freq
< -55 dBc @±1.98MHz
(RBW 30 kHz)
offset center freq
< -13 dBm @±2.75MHz
offset center freq
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
Working bands
1.9 GHz and 2.1GHz
(RBW 1MHz)
> 4MHz offset:
< -36 dBm(RBW 1 kHz) @ 9KHz < f <150 kHz
< -36 dBm(RBW 10 kHz) @ 150KHz < f < 30
MHz
< -36 dBm(RBW 100 kHz) @ 30MHz < f < 1
GHz
4-16MHz offset:
< -30 dBm (RBW 30 kHz) @ 1 GHz < f < 12.5
GHz
16 M ~ 19.2 M offset:
< -30 dBm (RBW 300 kHz) @ 1 GHz < f <
12.5 GHz
Code
domain
(inactive channel)
power
32 dB less than the total output power
Total power
Rated power -4 dB ~ rated power + 2 dB
(refer to IS-97D for the definition and test of
total power)
Waveform quality
ρ > 0.97
Pilot time tolerance
< 3 us; ±1 us between every two CDMA
channels of the same BTS; If the outer system
clock is interrupted, the time difference
between the BTS and CDMA should be kept no
more than ±10 us during 8 hours’ time
Pilot channel and codedivision
channel
time
tolerance
< ±50 ns in the same CDMA channel
Pilot channel and codedivision phase tolerance
≤ 0.05 (in radian) in the same CDMA channel
Pilot power
Ratio of pilot power / total power ≤ ±0.5 dB of
the configured value
Output power of amplifier
LPA: 40W; DPA: 40W /80W
Output
range
> 30 dB
linear
dynamic
RF (Tx) front end VSWR
< 1.50
Clock
1. BTS Clock technical parameters
Frequency benchmark: The accuracy of frequency 10 MHz is better
than 10-11 in GPS locked status and is better than 10-10 in the holdover
status.
The temperature variation is required to be less than ±0.5 ×10-9.
2. Clock Synchronization Source
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Chapter 5 - Technical Indices
The GCM provides reliable clock for a short term and ensures the
locked status of clock during 72 hours after the GPS synchronous
signal is lost.
3. Clock System Performance
The frequency difference is less than 0.05 ppm, and phase difference
less than 10 us.
Noise
The ambient noise of BTS is no greater than 75dBA.
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
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Appendix A - Abbreviations
Appendix
Abbreviations
Abbreviation
Full name
1X EV
1X Evolution
1X EV-DO
1X Evolution Data Only
1X EV-DV
1X Evolution Data & Voice
2G BTS
2G Base Station Transceiver
3G BTS
3G Base Station Transceiver
3GPP2
3rd Generation Partnership Project 2
AAA
Authentication, Authorization, Accounting
Abis
Abis Interface—the interface of BSC--BTS
AN
Access network
APD
AC Power Distribution Module
AUC
Authentication Center
A interface
A Interface—the interface of BSC-MSC
BBDS
Backplane of BDS
B-BDS
Backplane of Baseband Digital Subsystem
BBS
BTS Baseband Subsystem
BCS
BTS
BDM
Baseband Digital Module
BDS
Baseband Digital System
BGPS
Backplane of GPS
BIM
BDS Interface Module
BLPA
Backplane of LPA
BPD
BDS Power Distribute
BPWS
Backplane of PWS
Communication Subsystem
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65
ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
Abbreviation
Full name
BRFE
Backplane of RFE
BRFS
Backplane of TRX and BDM/RFM
BS
Base Station
BSC
Base Station Controller
BSS
Base Station System
BTM
BTS Test Module
BTRX
Backplane of TRX
BTS
Base Transceiver Station
CDMA
Code Division Multiple Address
CDMA2000-1X
CDMA2000 Phase One
CHM
Channel Processing Module
CHM-1X
Channel Processing Module for CDMA2000
CHM-95
Channel Processing Module for IS-95
CLK
Clock
CN
Core Network
CSM5000
Cell Site Modem ASIC 5000
CSM5500
Cell Site Modem ASIC 5500
CTDMA
Code and Time Division Multiple Address
DBS
Database Subsystem
DS-CDMA
Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Address
DSM
Data Service Module
DUP
Duplexer
EMC
Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMF
Network Element Mediation Function
EMI
Electromagnetic interference
EMS
electromagnetic susceptibility
FD
Full duplex
FDD
Frequency Division Duplex
FDMA
Frequency Division Multiple Access
GCM
66
GPS Control Module
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Appendix A - Abbreviations
Abbreviation
Full name
GLI
GE Line Interface
GPS
Global Position System
GSM
Globe System for Mobil Communication
HA
Home Agent
HLR
Home Location Register
HPA
High Power Amplifier
HRPD
High rate packet data
I/O
Input/Output
ID
Identifier
IMT-2000
International Mobile Telecommunications 2000
IP
Internet Protocol
ISO
International Standardization Organization
ISP
Internet Service Provider
ITU
International Telecommunications Union
kbps
kilo-bits per second
LPA
Linear Power Amplifier
MSC
Mobile Switching Center
OIM
Optical Interface Module
OMC
Operation Maintenance Centre
OMF
Operation Maintenance Function
OMI
Operation Maintenance Interface
OMM
Operation Maintenance Module
OSS
Operating Systems Subsystem
OTD
Orthogonal Transmit Diversity
PA
Power Amplifier
PCF
Packet Control Function
PCH
Paging Channel
PDSN
Packet Data Service Node
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
Abbreviation
Full name
PI
Page Indicator
PLMN
Public Land Mobile Network
PMM
Power Monitor Module
PPM
Power Process Module
PRM
Power Rectifier Module
PSMC
Power Supplier Module C
PSMD
Power Supplier Module D
PSTN
Public Switched Telephone Network
PWS
Power System
QoS
Quality of Service
RFS
RFIM
RIM
RF Interface Module
RMM
RF Management Module
RPD
RFS Power Distribute
RX
Receiver
RXB
Receiver Board
SAM
Site Alarm Module
SDH
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SPS
Signal Process Subsystem
SS7
Signaling System No.7
STS
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TD-CDMA
Time Division-Code Division Multiple Access
TDD
Time Division Duplex
TDMA
Time Division Multiple Address
TOD
Time of Date
TRX
Transmitter and Receiver
TX
Transmit
TXB
Transmitter Board
68
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Appendix A - Abbreviations
Abbreviation
Full name
UI
User Interface
Um interface
Um Interface—the interface of MS-BTS
ZXC10 AGWB
c d m a 2 0 0 0 Access Gateway
ZXC10 BDSB
cdma2000 Baseband Digital System
ZXC10 BSCB
cdma2000 Base Station Controller
ZXC10 BTSB
cdma2000 Base Transceiver Station
ZXC10 CBTS
cdma2000 Compact Base Transceiver Station
ZXC10 MBTS
cdma2000 Micro Base Transceiver Station
ZXC10 MGWB
c d m a 2 0 0 0 Media Gateway)
ZXC10 PBTS
cdma2000 Pico Base Transceiver Station
ZXC10 PWSB
cdma2000 Power System
ZXC10 RFSB
cdma2000 Radio Frequency System
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
69
Figures
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
1 Position of BTS in BSS.......................................................................14
2 BTS Physical Structure ......................................................................23
3 BTS Logical Structure........................................................................24
4 BDS Schematic Diagram....................................................................26
5 BDS Configuration .............................................................................28
6 SBDS Configuration ..........................................................................29
7 RFS Schematic Diagram ....................................................................31
8 RFE Configuration.............................................................................33
9 PWS Schematic Diagram ...................................................................34
10 Primary Power Supply of PWS...........................................................35
11 BTS Software Structure ...................................................................37
12 cdma2000 BSS Networking ..............................................................45
13 BSS Networking .............................................................................46
14 BTS Board Layout in LS Mode ............................................................48
15 RS Mode........................................................................................49
16 LEA Mode ......................................................................................50
17 LEB Mode ......................................................................................51
18 RE Mode........................................................................................52
19 ME Mode .......................................................................................53
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ZXC10 CBTS (V1.0)Technical Manual
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Tables
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Table
Frequency Bands Supported by BTS..................................................16
BTS Boards ...................................................................................25
BTS Networking Modes ...................................................................47
Environment Indices.......................................................................56
BTS Power Consumption .................................................................57
Receiver Index at 800 MHz, 450 MHz and 850 MHz .............................58
Transmitter Index at 800 MHz, 450 MHz and 850 MHz.........................59
Receiver Index at 1.9 GHz and 2.1GHz..............................................61
Transmitter Index at 1.9 GHz and 2.1GHz .........................................61
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73

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