ZyXEL Communications EMG2881-T20A Dual-Band Wireless AC1300 Gigabit Ethernet Gateway User Manual Part 1

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Document Title	Users Manual Part 1.pdf

User’s Guide
EMG2881-T20A
Dual-Band Wireless AC1300 Gigabit Ethernet Gateway
Default Login Details
LAN IP Address
User Name
Password
Version 1.00 Edition 1, 01/2018
http://192.168.1.1
admin
See the device label
Copyright © 2018 Zyxel Communications Corporation
IMPORTANT!
READ CAREFULLY BEFORE USE.
KEEP THIS GUIDE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
Screenshots and graphics in this book may differ slightly from your product due to differences in your
product firmware or your computer operating system. Every effort has been made to ensure that the
information in this manual is accurate.
Related Documentation
• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide shows how to connect the EMG2881-T20A and access the Web Configurator.
• More Information
Go to support.zyxel.com to find other information on the EMG2881-T20A.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this guide.
Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
Note: Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may need to
configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The EMG2881-T20A may be referred to as the “EMG2881-T20A” in this guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example, Configuration >
Log / Report > Log Settings means you first click Maintenance in the navigation panel, then the Log
sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this user guide may use the following generic icons. The EMG2881-T20A icon is not an exact
representation of your device.
EMG2881-T20A
Generic Router
Wireless Router / Access Point
Switch
Firewall
Modem
Server
Cell Tower
Printer
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Contents Overview
User’s Guide ........................................................................................................................................9
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 10
Introducing the Web Configurator ..................................................................................................... 16
Router Mode ......................................................................................................................................... 18
Tutorials .................................................................................................................................................. 24
Technical Reference ........................................................................................................................34
Monitor ................................................................................................................................................... 35
WAN ....................................................................................................................................................... 37
Wireless LAN .......................................................................................................................................... 53
LAN ......................................................................................................................................................... 70
Applications .......................................................................................................................................... 75
Security .................................................................................................................................................. 92
Maintenance ........................................................................................................................................ 98
Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................................. 106
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Document Conventions ......................................................................................................................3
Contents Overview .............................................................................................................................4
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................5
Part I: User’s Guide............................................................................................ 9
Chapter 1
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................10
1.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 10
1.1.1 Ethernet WAN ........................................................................................................................ 10
1.1.2 Wireless Access ...................................................................................................................... 10
1.2 Applications .................................................................................................................................... 11
1.3 Ways to Manage the EMG2881-T20A .......................................................................................... 11
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the EMG2881-T20A .......................................................................... 11
1.5 Hardware ......................................................................................................................................... 12
1.5.1 Front Panel ............................................................................................................................. 12
1.5.2 Front Panel LEDs (Lights) ....................................................................................................... 12
1.5.3 Rear Panel .............................................................................................................................. 13
1.5.4 Rear Panel LEDs (Lights) ........................................................................................................ 14
1.5.5 Using the WLAN and WPS Buttons ....................................................................................... 14
1.5.6 Resetting the EMG2881-T20A ............................................................................................... 14
Chapter 2
Introducing the Web Configurator ...................................................................................................16
2.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 16
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ................................................................................................. 16
2.2.1 Login Screen .......................................................................................................................... 16
Chapter 3
Router Mode.......................................................................................................................................18
3.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 18
3.2 Router Mode Status Screen ........................................................................................................... 18
3.2.1 Navigation Panel .................................................................................................................. 21
Chapter 4
Tutorials ...............................................................................................................................................24
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
4.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 24
4.2 Set Up a Wireless Network Using WPS ........................................................................................... 24
4.2.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC) ........................................................................................ 24
4.2.2 PIN Configuration .................................................................................................................. 25
4.3 Connect to the EMG2881-T20A’s WiFi Network Manually (No WPS) ........................................ 26
4.3.1 Configuring Wireless Security on the EMG2881-T20A ........................................................ 27
4.3.2 Configure Your Notebook .................................................................................................... 28
4.4 Using Multiple SSIDs on the EMG2881-T20A .................................................................................. 30
4.4.1 Configuring Security Settings of Multiple SSIDs .................................................................. 31
Part II: Technical Reference........................................................................... 34
Chapter 5
Monitor ................................................................................................................................................35
5.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 35
5.2 What You Can Do .......................................................................................................................... 35
5.3 Client Tables
................................................................................................................................. 35
Chapter 6
WAN ....................................................................................................................................................37
6.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 37
6.2 What You Can Do .......................................................................................................................... 37
6.3 What You Need To Know .............................................................................................................. 37
6.3.1 Configuring Your Internet Connection ............................................................................... 38
6.4 Management WAN ........................................................................................................................ 39
6.4.1 Edit WAN Connection .......................................................................................................... 40
6.5 NAT ................................................................................................................................................... 47
6.5.1 General Screen ..................................................................................................................... 47
6.5.2 Port Trigger Screen ................................................................................................................ 49
6.5.3 Passthrough Screen .............................................................................................................. 49
6.6 Dynamic DNS Screen ..................................................................................................................... 50
6.7 Interface Group Screen ................................................................................................................. 51
6.7.1 Add Interface Group ............................................................................................................ 51
Chapter 7
Wireless LAN .......................................................................................................................................53
7.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 53
7.1.1 What You Can Do ................................................................................................................. 54
7.1.2 What You Should Know ........................................................................................................ 54
7.2 Wireless LAN Screen ...................................................................................................................... 57
7.3 Wireless Security .............................................................................................................................. 59
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
7.3.1 No Security ............................................................................................................................. 60
7.3.2 WPA2-PSK ............................................................................................................................... 60
7.4 More AP Screen .............................................................................................................................. 61
7.4.1 More AP Edit .......................................................................................................................... 62
7.5 MAC Filter Screen .......................................................................................................................... 64
7.6 Advanced Screen .......................................................................................................................... 65
7.7 WPS Screen ..................................................................................................................................... 66
7.8 Scheduling Screen ......................................................................................................................... 68
Chapter 8
LAN ......................................................................................................................................................70
8.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 70
8.2 What You Can Do .......................................................................................................................... 70
8.3 What You Need To Know .............................................................................................................. 70
8.4 LAN IP Screen .................................................................................................................................. 71
8.5 Static DHCP Screen ........................................................................................................................ 72
8.6 IPv6 LAN Screen .............................................................................................................................. 73
Chapter 9
Applications .......................................................................................................................................75
9.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 75
9.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ....................................................................................... 75
9.2 What You Need to Know ............................................................................................................... 76
9.3 The QoS General Screen .............................................................................................................. 78
9.4 The Queue Setup Screen ............................................................................................................... 79
9.4.1 Add/Edit a Queue .............................................................................................................. 79
9.5 The Class Setup Screen .................................................................................................................. 80
9.5.1 Add/Edit a Classifier ............................................................................................................. 81
9.6 UPnP Screen .................................................................................................................................... 83
9.7 Technical Reference ...................................................................................................................... 83
9.7.1 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example .................................................................................... 87
9.7.2 Web Configurator Easy Access ........................................................................................... 89
Chapter 10
Security ...............................................................................................................................................92
10.1 Overview
..................................................................................................................................... 92
10.1.1 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................... 92
10.1.2 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................... 92
10.2 IPv4 Firewall Screen ..................................................................................................................... 93
10.3 IPv6 Firewall Screen ...................................................................................................................... 95
Chapter 11
Maintenance......................................................................................................................................98
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
11.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 98
11.2 What You Can Do ........................................................................................................................ 98
11.3 General Screen ............................................................................................................................ 98
11.4 Password Screen ........................................................................................................................... 99
11.5 Time Screen ................................................................................................................................. 100
11.6 Firmware Upgrade Screen ........................................................................................................ 101
11.7 Configuration Backup/Restore Screen .................................................................................... 102
11.8 Restart Screen ............................................................................................................................. 104
11.9 Log Screen .................................................................................................................................. 104
11.10 The ROMD Screen .................................................................................................................... 104
Chapter 12
Troubleshooting................................................................................................................................106
12.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 106
12.2 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ............................................................................... 106
12.3 EMG2881-T20A Access and Login ............................................................................................ 107
12.4 Internet Access ........................................................................................................................... 108
12.5 Resetting the EMG2881-T20A to Its Factory Defaults .............................................................. 109
12.6 Wireless Connections ................................................................................................................. 110
Appendix A Pop-up Windows, JavaScript and Java Permissions ............................................. 112
Appendix B Setting Up Your Computer’s IP Address................................................................... 121
Appendix C Common Services ..................................................................................................... 148
Appendix D Customer Support ..................................................................................................... 151
Appendix E Legal Information ....................................................................................................... 157
Index .................................................................................................................................................164
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
P ART I
User’s Guide
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
1.1 Overview
This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the EMG2881-T20A.
The EMG2881-T20A extends the range of your existing wired network without additional wiring, providing
easy network access to mobile users. You can set up a wireless network with other IEEE 802.11a/ac/b/g/
n compatible devices.
A firewall is also available for secure Internet computing.
1.1.1 Ethernet WAN
If you have another broadband modem or router (such as ADSL) available, you can use the Ethernet
WAN port and then connect it to the broadband modem or router. This way, you can access the
Internet via an Ethernet connection and still use the QoS, Firewall and parental control functions on the
EMG2881-T20A.
Figure 1 EMG2881-T20A’s Internet Access Application: Ethernet WAN
1.1.2 Wireless Access
The EMG2881-T20A is a wireless Access Point (AP) for IEEE 802.11b/g/n/a/ac wireless clients, such as
notebook computers, iPads, smartphones, etc. These devices can connect to the EMG2881-T20A to
access network resources and the Internet.
Your EMG2881-T20A supports Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS), which allows you to quickly set up a wireless
network with strong security.
You can configure your wireless network using the built-in Web Configurator.
See Chapter 4 on page 24 for more information about how to set up a wireless network.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
10
Chapter 1 Introduction
Figure 2 Wireless Access Example
1.2 Applications
You can have the following networks with the EMG2881-T20A:
• Wired. You can connect network devices via the Ethernet ports of the EMG2881-T20A so that they
can communicate with each other and access the Internet.
• Wireless. Wireless clients can connect to the EMG2881-T20A to access network resources. You can use
WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) to create an instant network connection with another WPS-compatible
device.
• WAN. Connect to a broadband modem/router for Internet access.
1.3 Ways to Manage the EMG2881-T20A
Use any of the following methods to manage the EMG2881-T20A.
• WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup). You can use the WPS button or the WPS section of the Web Configurator
to set up a wireless network with your EMG2881-T20A.
• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the EMG2881-T20A using a
(supported) web browser.
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the EMG2881-T20A
Do the following things regularly to make the EMG2881-T20A more secure and to manage the EMG2881T20A more effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different types of
characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier working
configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you forget your
password, you will have to reset the EMG2881-T20A to its factory default settings. If you backed up an
earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the EMG2881-T20A. You could
simply restore your last configuration.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
11
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.5 Hardware
1.5.1 Front Panel
The following graphic displays the front panel of the EMG2881-T20A.
Figure 3 LEDs on the EMG2881-T20A
1.5.2 Front Panel LEDs (Lights)
The following table describes the front panel LEDs.
Table 1 Front panel LEDs
LED
COLOR
STATUS
DESCRIPTION
Power
White
On
The EMG2881-T20A is receiving power and functioning properly.
Off
The EMG2881-T20A is not receiving power.
On
The EMG2881-T20A has an IP connection but no traffic.
Internet
White
Your device has a WAN IP address (either static or assigned by a DHCP
server), PPP negotiation was successfully completed (if used) and the
connection is up.
WLAN 2.4/5G
Blinking
The EMG2881-T20A is sending or receiving IP traffic.
Off
The EMG2881-T20A does not have an IP connection.
White
On
The 2.4 GHz/5 GHz wireless network is activated.
Blinking
The EMG2881-T20A is communicating with 2.4 GHz/5 GHz wireless clients.
Amber
Blinking
The EMG2881-T20A is setting up a WPS connection with a 2.4 GHz/5 GHz
wireless client.
Off
The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
12
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.5.3 Rear Panel
The following graphic displays the rear panel of the EMG2881-T20A.
Figure 4 EMG2881-T20A Rear Panel
The following table describes the items on the rear panel.
Table 2 Rear Panel Ports
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WPS
Press the WPS button for more than one second to quickly set up a secure
wireless connection between the EMG2881-T20A and a WPS-compatible
client.
Reset
Press the button to return the EMG2881-T20A to the factory defaults.
LAN1 ~ LAN4
Connect computers or other Ethernet devices to Ethernet ports for Internet
access.
WAN
Connect an Ethernet cable to the Ethernet WAN port for Internet access.
Power
Connect the power cable and press the power button to start the
EMG2881-T20A.
Power
Button
Press the power button after the power cable is connected to start the
EMG2881-T20A.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
13
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.5.4 Rear Panel LEDs (Lights)
The following table describes the rear panel LEDs.
Table 3 Rear panel LEDs
LED
COLOR
STATUS
DESCRIPTION
LAN 1-4
Green
On
The EMG2881-T20A recognizes an Ethernet cable through the LAN port.
Blinking
The EMG2881-T20A is sending/receiving data through the LAN.
Off
The EMG2881-T20A does not detect an Ethernet cable through the LAN
port.
On
The EMG2881-T20A recognizes an Ethernet cable through the WAN port.
Blinking
The EMG2881-T20A is sending/receiving data through the WAN.
Off
The EMG2881-T20A does not detect an Ethernet cable through the WAN
port.
WAN
Green
1.5.5 Using the WLAN and WPS Buttons
If the wireless network is turned off, go to the Wireless screen to turn it on. Once the 2.4G WLAN/WPS or
5G WLAN/WPS LED turns white, the wireless network is active.
You can also use the WPS button to quickly set up a secure wireless connection between the EMG2881T20A and a WPS-compatible client by adding one device at a time.
To activate WPS:
Make sure the POWER LED is on and not blinking.
Press the WPS button for more than one second and release it.
Press the WPS button on another WPS-enabled device within range of the EMG2881-T20A. The WLAN
2.4G and WLAN 5G LEDs flash amber while the EMG2881-T20A sets up a WPS connection with the other
wireless device.
Once the connection is successfully made, the WLAN 2.4G and WLAN 5G LEDs shine white.
1.5.6 Resetting the EMG2881-T20A
If you forget your password or IP address, or you cannot access the Web Configurator, you will need to
use the RESET button at the back of the EMG2881-T20A to reload the factory-default configuration file.
This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously saved, the user name will be reset
to “admin”, the password will be reset to the factory default (see the device label), and the IP address
will be reset to “192.168.1.1” (router mode).
1.5.6.1 How to Use the RESET Button
Make sure the POWER LED is on.
Press the RESET button for one to four seconds to restart/reboot the EMG2881-T20A.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
14
Chapter 1 Introduction
Press the RESET button for longer than five seconds to set the EMG2881-T20A back to its factory-default
configurations.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
15
CHAPTER 2
Introducing the Web
Configurator
2.1 Overview
This chapter describes how to access the EMG2881-T20A Web Configurator and provides an overview of
its screens.
The Web Configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy setup and
management of the EMG2881-T20A via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 9.0 and later versions,
Mozilla Firefox 21 and later versions, Safari 6.0 and later versions or Google Chrome 26.0 and later
versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.
In order to use the Web Configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in
Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScript (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
Refer to the Troubleshooting chapter (Chapter 12 on page 106) to see how to make sure these functions
are allowed in Internet Explorer.
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator
Make sure your EMG2881-T20A hardware is properly connected and prepare your computer or
computer network to connect to the EMG2881-T20A (refer to the Quick Start Guide).
Launch your web browser.
The EMG2881-T20A is in router mode by default. Type "http://192.168.1.1" as the website address.
Your computer must be in the same subnet in order to access this website address.
2.2.1 Login Screen
The Web Configurator initially displays the following login screen.
Type the default Username admin and randomly assigned default password (see the device label) in
the Login screen and click Login.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
16
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Figure 5 Login screen
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 4 Login screen
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Username
Type "admin" (default) as the user name.
Password
Type the default password (on the device label). Click Login.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
17
CHAPTER 3
Router Mode
3.1 Overview
The EMG2881-T20A is set to router mode by default. Routers are used to connect the local network to
another network (for example, the Internet). In the figure below, the EMG2881-T20A connects the local
network (LAN1 ~ LAN4) to the Internet.
Figure 6 EMG2881-T20A Network
Modem
3.2 Router Mode Status Screen
Click
to open the status screen.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
18
Figure 7 Status Screen: Router Mode
The following table describes the icons shown in the Status screen.
Table 5 Status Screen Icon Key
ICON
DESCRIPTION
Logout
Click this at any time to exit the Web Configurator.
Click this icon to see the Status page. The information in this screen depends on the device mode
you select.
Click this icon to see the Monitor navigation menu.
Click this icon to see the Configuration navigation menu.
Click this icon to see the Maintenance navigation menu.
The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.
Table 6 Status Screen: Router Mode
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Device Information
Host Name
This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > General screen. It is for identification
purposes.
Model Number
This is the model name of your device.
Firmware Version
This is the firmware version and the date created.
Sys OP Mode
This is the device mode to which the EMG2881-T20A is set - Router Mode.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
19
Chapter 3 Router Mode
Table 6 Status Screen: Router Mode (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WAN/WAN 1/WAN 2 Information
MAC Address
This shows the WAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
IP Address
This shows the WAN port’s IP address.
IP Subnet Mask
This shows the WAN port’s subnet mask.
Default Gateway
This shows the WAN port’s gateway IP address.
IPv6 Address
This shows the IPv6 address of the EMG2881-T20A on the WAN.
LAN Information
MAC Address
This shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
IP Address
This shows the LAN port’s IP address.
IP Subnet Mask
This shows the LAN port’s subnet mask.
DHCP
This shows the LAN port’s DHCP role - Server or Disable.
IPv6 Address
This shows the IPv6 address of the EMG2881-T20A on the LAN.
WLAN 2.4G Information
WLAN OP Mode
This is the device mode to which the EMG2881-T20A’s wireless LAN is set - Access Point Mode.
MAC Address
This shows the 2.4GHz wireless adapter MAC Address of your device.
SSID
This shows a descriptive name used to identify the EMG2881-T20A in the 2.4GHz wireless LAN.
Channel
This shows the channel number which you select manually.
Security
This shows the level of wireless security the EMG2881-T20A is using.
WLAN 5G Information
WLAN OP Mode
This is the device mode to which the EMG2881-T20A’s wireless LAN is set - Access Point Mode.
MAC Address
This shows the 5GHz wireless adapter MAC Address of your device.
SSID
This shows a descriptive name used to identify the EMG2881-T20A in the 5GHz wireless LAN.
Channel
This shows the channel number which you select manually.
Security
This shows the level of wireless security the EMG2881-T20A is using.
Firewall
This shows whether the firewall is enabled or not.
System Status
Item
This column shows the type of data the EMG2881-T20A is recording.
Data
This column shows the actual data recorded by the EMG2881-T20A.
System Up Time
This is the total time the EMG2881-T20A has been on.
Current Date/Time
This field displays your EMG2881-T20A’s present date and time.
System Resource
- CPU Usage
This displays what percentage of the EMG2881-T20A’s processing ability is currently used. When
this percentage is close to 100%, the EMG2881-T20A is running at full load, and the throughput is
not going to improve anymore. If you want some applications to have more throughput, you
should turn off other applications (for example, using bandwidth management.)
- Memory Usage
This shows what percentage of the heap memory the EMG2881-T20A is using.
Interface Status
Interface
This displays the EMG2881-T20A port types. The port types are: WAN, LAN and WLAN.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
20
Chapter 3 Router Mode
Table 6 Status Screen: Router Mode (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Status
For the LAN and WAN ports, this field displays Down (line is down) or Up (line is up or connected).
For the 2.4GHz/5GHz WLAN, it displays Up when the 2.4GHz/5GHz WLAN is enabled or Down
when the 2.4G/5G WLAN is disabled.
Rate
For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed or N/A when the line is disconnected.
For the WAN port, it displays the port speed and duplex setting if you’re using Ethernet
encapsulation. This field displays N/A when the line is disconnected.
For the 2.4GHz/5GHz WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the 2.4GHz/5GHz
WLAN is enabled and N/A when the WLAN is disabled.
3.2.1 Navigation Panel
Use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure EMG2881-T20A features.
Figure 8 Navigation Panel: Router Mode
The following table describes the sub-menus.
Table 7 Navigation Panel: Router Mode
LINK
Status
TAB
FUNCTION
This screen shows the EMG2881-T20A’s general device, system and interface
status information. Use this screen to access the wizard, and summary statistics
tables.
MONITOR
Client Tables
Use this screen to view current DHCP client information.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
21
Chapter 3 Router Mode
Table 7 Navigation Panel: Router Mode (continued)
LINK
TAB
FUNCTION
Management
WAN
This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP address
assignment, DNS servers, the WAN MAC address, and VLAN settings.
General
Use this screen to enable NAT.
Port Trigger
Use this screen to change your EMG2881-T20A’s port triggering settings.
Passthrough
Use this screen to enable or disable the VPN passthrough feature.
Dynamic DNS
Dynamic DNS
Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.
Interface
Group
Interface
Group
Use this screen to add a LAN interface or a VLAN ID to a new group.
Wireless
Use this screen to enable the wireless LAN and configure wireless LAN and
wireless security settings.
More AP
Use this screen to configure multiple BSSs on the EMG2881-T20A.
MAC Filter
Use the MAC filter screen to configure the EMG2881-T20A to block access to
devices or block the devices from accessing the EMG2881-T20A.
Advanced
This screen allows you to configure advanced wireless settings.
WPS
Use this screen to configure WPS.
Scheduling
Use this screen to schedule the times the Wireless LAN is enabled.
LAN IP
Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and subnet mask.
CONFIGURATION
WAN
Management
WAN
NAT
Wireless
Wireless
LAN
Use this screen to enable the EMG2881-T20A’s DHCP server.
Static DHCP
This screen allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual
computers based on their MAC addresses.
IPv6 LAN
Use this screen to configure the IPv6 address for the EMG2881-T20A on the LAN.
QoS General
Use this screen to enable or disable QoS and set the upstream bandwidth.
Queue Setup
Use this screen to configure QoS queue assignment.
Class Setup
Use this screen to configure QoS classifiers.
UPnP
Use this screen to enable UPnP on the EMG2881-T20A.
Application
Bandwidth
MGMT
UPnP
Security
IPv4 Firewall
Use this screen to configure IPv4 firewall rules.
IPv6 firewall
Use this screen to configure IPv6 firewall rules.
MAINTENANCE
General
General
Use this screen to view and change administrative settings such as system and
domain names.
Password
Password
Use this screen to change the password of your EMG2881-T20A.
Time
Time Setting
Use this screen to change your EMG2881-T20A’s time and date.
Firmware
Upgrade
Firmware
Upgrade
Use this screen to upload firmware to your EMG2881-T20A.
Backup/
Restore
Backup/
Restore
Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset the factory
defaults to your EMG2881-T20A.
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Chapter 3 Router Mode
Table 7 Navigation Panel: Router Mode (continued)
LINK
TAB
FUNCTION
Restart
System Restart
This screen allows you to reboot the EMG2881-T20A without turning the power
off.
Log
Log
Use this screen to view the list of activities recorded by your EMG2881-T20A.
ROMD
ROMD
Use this screen to save and/or clean the configuration to/from the ROMD file
which can store customized default settings.
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CHAPTER 4
Tutorials
4.1 Overview
This chapter provides tutorials for setting up your EMG2881-T20A.
• Set Up a Wireless Network Using WPS
• Connect to the EMG2881-T20A’s WiFi Network Manually (No WPS)
• Using Multiple SSIDs on the EMG2881-T20A
4.2 Set Up a Wireless Network Using WPS
This section gives you an example of how to set up a wireless network using WPS. This example uses the
EMG2881-T20A as the AP and a WPS-enabled Android 4.4.2 smartphone as the wireless client.
There are two WPS methods for creating a secure connection via the web configurator or utility. This
tutorial shows you how to do both.
• Push Button Configuration (PBC) - create a secure wireless network simply by pressing a button. See
Section 4.2.1 on page 24. This is the easier method.
• PIN Configuration - create a secure wireless network simply by entering a wireless client's PIN (Personal
Identification Number) in the EMG2881-T20A’s interface. See Section 4.2.2 on page 25. This is the more
secure method, since one device can authenticate the other.
4.2.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC)
Make sure that your EMG2881-T20A is turned on and that the device is placed within range of your
Android 4.42 smartphone.
WPS is enabled by default on the EMG2881-T20A. If not, log into EMG2881-T20A’s Web Configurator and
turn it on in the Configuration > Wireless > WPS screen. You can either press the WPS button on the
EMG2881-T20A’s panel or press the Push Button button in the Configuration > Wireless > WPS screen
Go to your phone settings and turn on Wi-Fi. Open the Wi-Fi networks list and tap WPS Push Button or the
WPS icon (
).
Note: It doesn’t matter which button is pressed first. You must press the second button within
two minutes of pressing the first one.
The EMG2881-T20A sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two
minutes. Then the wireless client is able to communicate with the EMG2881-T20A securely.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
The following figure shows you an example to set up wireless network and security by pressing a button
on both EMG2881-T20A and wireless client (the Android 4.4.2 phone in this example).
Figure 9 Example WPS Process: PBC Method
Wireless Client
EMG
WPS
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
Press and hold for
more than 1 second
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
4.2.2 PIN Configuration
When you use the PIN configuration method, you need to check the client’s PIN number and use the
EMG2881-T20A’s configuration interface.
Go to your phone settings and turn on Wi-Fi. Open the Wi-Fi networks list and tap WPS PIN Entry to get a
PIN number.
Enter the client’s PIN number to the PIN field in the Configuration > Wireless > WPS screen on the
EMG2881-T20A.
Click the Start button (or button next to the PIN field) on the EMG2881-T20A’s WPS screen within two
minutes.
The EMG2881-T20A authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration settings to the
wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. Then the wireless client is able to communicate with the
EMG2881-T20A securely.
The following figure shows you the example to set up wireless network and security on EMG2881-T20A
and wireless client (Android 4.4.2 smartphone in this example) by using PIN method.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
Figure 10 Example WPS Process: PIN Method
Wireless Client
EMG
WPS
Enter WPS PIN
from other device:
WPS
START
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
Authentication by PIN
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
4.3 Connect to the EMG2881-T20A’s WiFi Network
Manually (No WPS)
In this example, we change the EMG2881-T20A’s wireless settings, and then manually select the
EMG2881-T20A’s new SSID and enter the Wi-Fi key to connect a wireless client to the EMG2881-T20A.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
4.3.1 Configuring Wireless Security on the EMG2881-T20A
This section shows you how to configure wireless security settings with the following parameters on your
EMG2881-T20A.
Frequency Band
2.4 GHz
SSID
SSID_Example
Channel
Auto
Security
WPA2-PSK
(Pre-Shared Key: ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey)
Follow the steps below to configure the wireless settings on your EMG2881-T20A.
The instructions require that your hardware is connected (see the Quick Start Guide) and you are
logged into the Web Configurator through your LAN connection (see Section 2.2 on page 16).
Go to the Configuration > Wireless > Wireless screen to enable the 2.4 GHz wireless network.
Enter SSID_Example as the SSID and select Auto Channel Selection to have the EMG2881-T20A scans for
and select an available channel automatically.
Set security mode to WPA2-PSK and enter ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey in the Pre-Shared Key field.
Select WPA-PSK Compatible to allow wireless devices using WPA-PSK security mode to connect to the
EMG2881-T20A. Click Apply.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
Open the Status screen. Verify your wireless and wireless security settings under Device Information and
check if the WLAN connection is up under Interface Status.
4.3.2 Configure Your Notebook
Note: In this example, we use a Windows 7 laptop that has a built-in wireless adapter as the
wireless client.
The EMG2881-T20A supports IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE
802.11an, and IEEE 802.11ac wireless clients. Make sure that your notebook or computer’s wireless
adapter supports one of these standards.
Click the Wi-Fi icon in your computer’s system tray
The Wireless Network Connection screen displays. Click the refresh button to update the list of available
wireless APs within range.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
Select SSID_Example and click Connect.
The following screen displays if WPS is enabled on the EMG2881-T20A but you didn’t press the WPS
button. Click Connect using as security key instead.
Type the security key in the following screen. Click OK.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
Check the status of your wireless connection in the screen below.
If the wireless client keeps trying to connect to or acquiring an IP address from the EMG2881-T20A, make
sure you entered the correct security key.
If the connection has limited or no connectivity, make sure the EMG2881-T20A is connected to a router
with the DHCP server enabled.
If your connection is successful, open your Internet browser and enter http://www.zyxel.com or the URL
of any other web site in the address bar. If you are able to access the web site, your wireless connection
is successfully configured.
4.4 Using Multiple SSIDs on the EMG2881-T20A
You can configure more than one SSID on a EMG2881-T20A. See Section 7.4 on page 61.
This allows you to configure multiple independent wireless networks on the EMG2881-T20A as if there
were multiple APs (virtual APs). Each virtual AP has its own SSID, wireless security type and MAC filtering
settings. That is, each SSID on the EMG2881-T20A represents a different access point/wireless network to
wireless clients in the network.
Clients can associate only with the SSIDs for which they have the correct security settings. Clients using
different SSIDs can access the Internet and the wired network behind the EMG2881-T20A (such as a
printer).
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
For example, you may set up three wireless networks (A, B and C) in your office. A is for workers, B is for
guests and C is specific to a VoIP device in the meeting room.
4.4.1 Configuring Security Settings of Multiple SSIDs
The EMG2881-T20A is in router mode by default.
This example shows you how to configure the SSIDs with the following parameters on your EMG2881-T20A
(in router mode).
SSID
SECURITY TYPE
KEY
INTRA-BSS
TRAFFIC
BLOCKING
MAC FILTERING
SSID_Worker
WPA2-PSK
DoNotStealMyWirelessNetwork
No
Disable
VoIPOnly12345678
Yes
Allow
WPA Compatible
SSID_VoIP
WPA-PSK
WPA Compatible
SSID_Guest
WPA-PSK
00:A0:C5:01:23:45
keyexample123
No
Disable
WPA Compatible
Connect your computer to the LAN port of the EMG2881-T20A using an Ethernet cable.
The default IP address of the EMG2881-T20A in router mode is “192.168.1.1”. In this case, your computer
must have an IP address in the range between “192.168.1.2” and “192.168.1.254”.
Click Start > Run on your computer in Windows. Type “cmd” in the dialog box. Enter “ipconfig” to show
your computer’s IP address. If your computer’s IP address is not in the correct range then see Appendix
B on page 121 for information on changing your computer’s IP address.
After you’ve set your computer’s IP address, open a web browser such as Internet Explorer and type
“http://192.168.1.1” as the web address in your web browser.
Enter the default password (on the device label) as the password and click Login.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
Type a new password and retype it to confirm, then click Apply. Otherwise, click Ignore.
Go to Configuration > Wireless > More AP. Click the Edit icon of the first entry to configure wireless and
security settings for SSID_Worker.
Configure the screen as follows. In this example, you disable Intra-BSS Traffic for SSID_Worker. Click
Apply.
Click the Edit icon of the second entry to configure wireless and security settings for SSID_VoIP.
10 Configure the screen as follows. You enable Intra-BSS Traffic for SSID_VoIP to allow wireless clients in the
same wireless network to communicate with each other. Click Apply.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
11 Click the Edit icon of the third entry to configure wireless and security settings for SSID_Guest.
12 Configure the screen as follows. In this example, you disable Intra-BSS Traffic for SSID_Guest. Click Apply.
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P ART II
Technical Reference
34
CHAPTER 5
Monitor
5.1 Overview
This chapter discusses read-only information related to the device state of the EMG2881-T20A.
To access the Monitor screens, click
5.2 What You Can Do
• Use the Client Tables screen to view information related to your DHCP status (Section 5.3 on page 35).
5.3 Client Tables
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients to obtain
TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the EMG2881-T20A’s LAN as a DHCP
server or disable it. When configured as a server, the EMG2881-T20A provides the TCP/IP configuration
for the clients. If DHCP service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on that network, or else
the computer must be manually configured.
Click Monitor > Client Tables. Read-only information here relates to your DHCP status. The DHCP table
shows current DHCP client information (including MAC Address, and IP Address) of all network clients
using the EMG2881-T20A’s DHCP server.
Figure 11 Monitor > Client Tables
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Chapter 5 Monitor
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 8 Monitor > Client Tables
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Interface
Select the interface from the drop-down list box to display current DHCP client information.
This is the index number of the host computer.
Online
This field displays whether the connection to the host computer is up (a yellow bulb) or down (a
gray bulb).
IP Address
This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.
MAC Address
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address which uniquely
identifies a device. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of
hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
Interface/Rssi
This field displays the device’s interface type or received signal strength indicator (RSSI) that is
currently connected to the EMG2881-T20A.
Reserve
Select this if you want to reserve the IP address for this specific MAC address.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
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CHAPTER 6
WAN
6.1 Overview
This chapter discusses the EMG2881-T20A’s WAN screens. Use these screens to configure your EMG2881T20A for Internet access.
A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another network or the Internet. It
connects your private networks such as a LAN (Local Area Network) and other networks, so that a
computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations.
Figure 12 LAN and WAN
6.2 What You Can Do
• Use the Management WAN screen to enter your ISP information and set how the computer acquires
its IP, DNS and WAN MAC addresses (Section 6.4 on page 39).
• Use the NAT > General screen to enable NAT, set a default server and change your EMG2881-T20A’s
port forwarding settings (Section 6.5.1 on page 47).
• Use the NAT > Port Trigger screen to configure your EMG2881-T20A’s trigger port settings (Section 6.5.2
on page 49).
• Use the NAT > Passthrough screen to configure your EMG2881-T20A’s ALGs and VPN pass-through
settings (Section 6.5.3 on page 49).
• Use the Dynamic DNS screen to change your EMG2881-T20A’s DDNS settings (Section 6.6 on page 50).
• Use the Interface Group screen to manually add a LAN and/or WLAN interface to a new group
(Section 6.7 on page 51).
6.3 What You Need To Know
The information in this section can help you configure the screens for your WAN connection, as well as
enable/disable some advanced features of your EMG2881-T20A.
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Chapter 6 WAN
6.3.1 Configuring Your Internet Connection
Encapsulation Method
Encapsulation is used to include data from an upper layer protocol into a lower layer protocol. To set up
a WAN connection to the Internet, you need to use the same encapsulation method used by your ISP
(Internet Service Provider). If your ISP offers a dial-up Internet connection using PPPoE (PPP over
Ethernet) or PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol), they should also provide a username and password
(and service name) for user authentication.
WAN IP Address
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the EMG2881-T20A, which makes it accessible from an outside
network. It is used by the EMG2881-T20A to communicate with other devices in other networks. It can be
static (fixed) or dynamically assigned by the ISP each time the EMG2881-T20A tries to access the
Internet.
If your ISP assigns you a static WAN IP address, they should also assign you the subnet mask and DNS
server IP address(es) (and a gateway IP address if you use the Ethernet or ENET ENCAP encapsulation
method).
DNS Server Address Assignment
Use Domain Name System (DNS) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa,
for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely important
because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it.
The EMG2881-T20A can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you sign up.
If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, manually enter them in the DNS server fields.
If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses (along with the EMG2881-T20A’s WAN IP
address), set the DNS server fields to get the DNS server address from the ISP.
WAN MAC Address
The MAC address screen allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the
factory default or cloning the MAC address from a computer on your LAN. Choose Factory Default to
select the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Otherwise, click Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and enter the IP address of the
computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be
copied to configuration file. It is recommended that you clone the MAC address prior to hooking up the
WAN Port.
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Chapter 6 WAN
Multicast
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient) or
Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on
the network - not everybody and not just 1.
Figure 13 Multicast Example
In the multicast example above, systems A and D comprise one multicast group. In multicasting, the
server only needs to send one data stream and this is delivered to systems A and D.
IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a
multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. The EMG2881-T20A supports both IGMP version 1
(IGMP-v1) and IGMP version 2 (IGMP-v2).
At start up, the EMG2881-T20A queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership.
After that, the EMG2881-T20A periodically updates this information. IP multicasting can be enabled/
disabled on the EMG2881-T20A WAN interface in the Web Configurator (WAN). Select None to disable IP
multicasting on these interfaces.
6.4 Management WAN
Use this screen to view, change, or add your EMG2881-T20A’s Internet access settings. Click
Configuration > WAN > Management WAN. The following screen opens.
Figure 14 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN
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Chapter 6 WAN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 9 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of the connection.
Name
This is the service name of the connection.
Interface
This is the interface of the connection.
Type
This shows the type of interface used by this connection.
VLAN ID
This indicates the VLAN ID number assigned to traffic sent through this connection.
IP Address
This is the WAN IP address used by this connection.
Status
This shows the status of the connection.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to configure the connection.
Click the Delete icon to delete this connection from the EMG2881-T20A. A window displays
asking you to confirm that you want to delete the connection.
6.4.1 Edit WAN Connection
Click the Edit icon next to the connection you want to configure. Use this screen to configure a WAN
connection. The screen varies depending on the encapsulation you select.
6.4.1.1 IPoE Encapsulation
This screen displays when you select IPoE encapsulation.
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Chapter 6 WAN
Figure 15 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN: IPoE Encapsulation (IPv4 Only)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 10 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN: IPoE Encapsulation
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
WAN Name
Enter the name to use for this connection definition.
Encapsulation
You must choose the IPoE option when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet.
IPv4 / IPv6
Select IPv4 Only if you want the EMG2881-T20A to run IPv4 only.
Select Dual Stack to allow the EMG2881-T20A to run IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time.
Select IPv6 Only if you want the EMG2881-T20A to run IPv6 only.
VLAN Configuration
Enable
Select the check box to activate VLAN on this WAN interface. Otherwise, deselect the check
box to deactivate.
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Chapter 6 WAN
Table 10 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN: IPoE Encapsulation (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
VID
Enter a VLAN identifier between 11 to 4094 (the 802.1Q tag specifies only a priority and is
referred to as a priority tag).
VID 1 (the default VLAN ID) is reserved for a management VLAN.
Note: This field is not available when you are configuring the default WAN entry.
IP Address
This is not available when you select IPv4 Only or Dual Stack in the IPv6/IPv4 field.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection.
Static IP Address
Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
IP Address
Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Static IP Address.
Subnet Mask
Enter the Subnet Mask in this field.
Gateway IP
Address
Enter a Gateway IP Address (if your ISP gave you one) in this field.
MTU Size
Enter the MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) size for each packet. If a larger packet arrives, the
EMG2881-T20A divides it into smaller fragments.
DNS Server
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
Third DNS Server
Select Obtained From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the
EMG2881-T20A's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP
address that the ISP assigns.
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP
address in the field to the right.
Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server,
you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.
WAN MAC Address
The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by using the
EMG2881-T20A’s MAC address, or manually entering a MAC address.
Factory default
Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Set WAN MAC
Address
Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
IPv6 Address
This is not available when you select IPv6 Only or Dual Stack in the IPv6/IPv4 field.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Select this if you want to obtain an IPv6 address from a DHCPv6 server.
•
•
Static IP Address
Select DUID-LL (Default) to have the EMG2881-T20A use DUID-LL (DUID Based on Link-layer
Address) for identification when exchanging DHCPv6 messages.
Select DUID-LLT to have the EMG2881-T20A use DUID-LLT (DUID Based on Link-layer
Address Plus Time) for identification when exchanging DHCPv6 messages.
Select this if you have a fixed IPv6 address assigned by your ISP.
IPv6 Address
Enter the IPv6 address assigned by your ISP.
Prefix length
Enter the address prefix length to specify how many most significant bits in an IPv6 address
compose the network address.
IPv6 Default
Gateway
Enter the IP address of the next-hop gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the same
segment as your EMG2881-T20A's interface(s). The gateway helps forward packets to their
destinations.
Link Local Only
Select this option to use the link-local address which uniquely identifies a device on the local
network (the LAN).
IPv6 DNS server
This is not available when you select IPv6 Only or Dual Stack in the IPv6/IPv4 field.
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Chapter 6 WAN
Table 10 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN: IPoE Encapsulation (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
First DNS Server
Select Obtained From ISP to have the EMG2881-T20A get the IPv6 DNS server addresses from
the ISP automatically.
Second DNS Server
Third DNS Server
Select User-Defined and enter the IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP to have the
EMG2881-T20A use the IPv6 DNS server addresses you configure manually.
Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server,
you must know the IPv6 address of a computer in order to access it.
Multicast Setup
Multicast Setup
Select IGMPv1/v2 to enable multicasting. This applies to traffic routed from the WAN to the
LAN.
Select None to disable this feature. This may cause incoming traffic to be dropped or sent to
all connected network devices.
Auto-Subnet Configuration
Enable Auto-IPChange Mode
Select this option to have the EMG2881-T20A change its LAN IP address to 10.0.0.1 or
192.168.1.1 accordingly when the EMG2881-T20A gets a dynamic WAN IP address in the
same subnet as the LAN IP address.
Select this option to have the EMG2881-T20A change its LAN IP address to 10.0.0.1 or
192.168.1.1 accordingly when the EMG2881-T20A gets a DNS server IP address in the same
subnet as the LAN IP address.
The NAT, DHCP server and firewall functions on the EMG2881-T20A are still available in this
mode.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
6.4.1.2 PPPoE Encapsulation
The EMG2881-T20A supports PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet). PPPoE is an IETF standard (RFC
2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem (DSL, cable,
wireless, etc.) connection. The PPP over Ethernet option is for a dial-up connection using PPPoE.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing
access control systems (for example Radius).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services, a function
known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and offer new IP
services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires no specific
configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the EMG2881-T20A (rather than individual computers), the
computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the EEMG2881-T20A does that part of
the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have access.
This screen displays when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
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Chapter 6 WAN
Figure 16 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN: PPPoE Encapsulation (IPv4 Only)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 11 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN: PPPoE Encapsulation
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
WAN Name
Enter the name to use for this connection definition.
Encapsulation
You must choose the PPPoE option when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet.
IPv4 / IPv6
Select IPv4 Only if you want the EMG2881-T20A to run IPv4 only.
Select Dual Stack to allow the EMG2881-T20A to run IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time.
Select IPv6 Only if you want the EMG2881-T20A to run IPv6 only.
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Chapter 6 WAN
Table 11 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN: PPPoE Encapsulation (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
VLAN Configuration
Enable
Select the check box to activate VLAN on this WAN interface. Otherwise, deselect the check
box to deactivate.
VID
Enter a VLAN identifier between 11 to 4094 (the 802.1Q tag specifies only a priority and is
referred to as a priority tag).
VID 1 (the default VLAN ID) is reserved for a management VLAN.
Note: This field is not available when you are configuring the default WAN entry.
PPP Information
PPP Username
Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
PPP Password
Type the password associated with the user name above.
MTU Size
Enter the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) or the largest packet size per frame that your
EMG2881-T20A can receive and process.
PPPoE Service
Name
Enter the PPPoE service name specified in the ISP account.
WAN IP Address Assignment
Get automatically
from ISP
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection.
Use Fixed IP Address Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
DNS Server
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
Third DNS Server
Select Obtained From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information (and the
EMG2881-T20A's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP
address that the ISP assigns.
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server's IP
address in the field to the right.
Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server,
you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it.
WAN MAC Address
The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by using the
EMG2881-T20A’s MAC address, or manually entering a MAC address.
Factory default
Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC Address.
Set WAN MAC
Address
Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
IPv6 Address
This is not available when you select IPv6 Only or Dual Stack in the IPv6/IPv4 field.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Select this if you want to obtain an IPv6 address from a DHCPv6 server.
•
•
Link Local Only
Select DUID-LL (Default) to have the EMG2881-T20A use DUID-LL (DUID Based on Link-layer
Address) for identification when exchanging DHCPv6 messages.
Select DUID-LLT to have the EMG2881-T20A use DUID-LLT (DUID Based on Link-layer
Address Plus Time) for identification when exchanging DHCPv6 messages.
Select this option to use the link-local address which uniquely identifies a device on the local
network (the LAN).
IPv6 DNS server
This is not available when you select IPv6 Only or Dual Stack in the IPv6/IPv4 field.
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Chapter 6 WAN
Table 11 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN: PPPoE Encapsulation (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
First DNS Server
Select Obtained From ISP to have the EMG2881-T20A get the IPv6 DNS server addresses from
the ISP automatically.
Second DNS Server
Third DNS Server
Select User-Defined and enter the IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP to have the
EMG2881-T20A use the IPv6 DNS server addresses you configure manually.
Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server,
you must know the IPv6 address of a computer in order to access it.
Multicast Setup
Multicast Setup
Select IGMPv1/v2 to enable multicasting. This applies to traffic routed from the WAN to the
LAN.
Select None to disable this feature. This may cause incoming traffic to be dropped or sent to
all connected network devices.
Auto-Subnet Configuration
Enable Auto-IPChange Mode
Select this option to have the EMG2881-T20A change its LAN IP address to 10.0.0.1 or
192.168.1.1 accordingly when the EMG2881-T20A gets a dynamic WAN IP address in the
same subnet as the LAN IP address.
Select this option to have the EMG2881-T20A change its LAN IP address to 10.0.0.1 or
192.168.1.1 accordingly when the EMG2881-T20A gets a DNS server IP address in the same
subnet as the LAN IP address.
The NAT, DHCP server and firewall functions on the EMG2881-T20A are still available in this
mode.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
6.4.1.3 Bridge Encapsulation
Select Bridge as the encapsulation mode. The screen varies depending on the item you select in the
IPv4 / IPv6 field.
If you select IPv4, the following screen appears.
Figure 17 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN: Bridge Encapsulation (IPv4 Only)
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Chapter 6 WAN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 12 Configuration > WAN > Management WAN: Bridge Encapsulation
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
WAN Name
Enter the name to use for this connection definition.
Encapsulation
Select Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the
connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly. If you
select Bridge, you cannot use routing functions, such as QoS, Firewall, DHCP server and NAT
on traffic from the selected LAN port(s).
IPv4 / IPv6
Select IPv4 Only if you want the EMG2881-T20A to run IPv4 only.
Select Dual Stack to allow the EMG2881-T20A to run IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time.
Select IPv6 Only if you want the EMG2881-T20A to run IPv6 only.
VLAN Configuration
Enable
Select the check box to activate VLAN on this WAN interface. Otherwise, deselect the check
box to deactivate.
VID
Enter a VLAN identifier between 11 to 4094 (the 802.1Q tag specifies only a priority and is
referred to as a priority tag).
VID 1 (the default VLAN ID) is reserved for a management VLAN.
Note: This field is not available when you are configuring the default WAN entry.
IPv6 DNS server
This is not available when you select IPv6 Only or Dual Stack in the IPv6/IPv4 field.
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
Third DNS Server
Select Obtained From ISP to have the EMG2881-T20A get the IPv6 DNS server addresses from
the ISP automatically.
Select User-Defined and enter the IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP to have the
EMG2881-T20A use the IPv6 DNS server addresses you configure manually.
Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not configure a DNS server,
you must know the IPv6 address of a computer in order to access it.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
6.5 NAT
Use this screen to change your EMG2881-T20A’s NAT (Network Address Translation) settings. Click
Configuration > WAN > NAT.
6.5.1 General Screen
Use this screen to enable NAT, set a default server and configure your EMG2881-T20A’s port forwarding
settings to forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local network. Click Configuration >
WAN > NAT > General.
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Chapter 6 WAN
Figure 18 Configuration > WAN > NAT > General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 13 Configuration > WAN > NAT > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
General
Network Address
Translation (NAT)
Network Address Translation (NAT) allows the translation of an Internet protocol address used
within one network (for example a private IP address used in a local network) to a different IP
address known within another network (for example a public IP address used on the
Internet).
Select Enable to activate NAT. Select Disable to turn it off.
Default Server Setup
Default Server
You can decide whether you want to use the default server or specify a server manually. In
addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A default server
receives packets from ports that are not specified in the port forwarding summary table
below.
Select this to use the default server.
Change To Server
Select this and manually enter the server’s IP address.
Port Forwarding (Max Limit : 16)
This is the number of an individual port forwarding server entry.
Name
Select a pre-defined service from the drop-down list box. The pre-defined service port
number(s) and protocol will be displayed in the port forwarding summary table. Otherwise,
select User define to manually enter the port number/range and select the Protocol.
Protocol
Select the transport layer protocol supported by this virtual server. Choices are TCP, UDP, or
TCP_UDP.
If you have chosen a pre-defined service in the Name field, the protocol will be configured
automatically.
External Port
This shows the port number(s) that identifies the service if you select a pre-defined service. If
you select User define in the Name field, enter the port number(s) manually.
Server IP Address
Select User define to manually enter the inside IP address of the virtual server here.
Internal Port
This shows the port number(s) that identifies the service if you select a pre-defined service. If
you select User define in the Name field, enter an internal port number manually or leave the
field blank for port range forwarding.
Add
Click
Delete
Click
to add the rule in the port forwarding summary table.
to remove a rule.
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Table 13 Configuration > WAN > NAT > General (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
6.5.2 Port Trigger Screen
To change your EMG2881-T20A’s trigger port settings, click Configuration > WAN > NAT > Port Trigger. The
screen appears as shown.
Note: Only one LAN computer can use a trigger port (range) at a time.
Figure 19 Configuration > WAN > NAT > Port Trigger
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 14 Configuration > WAN > NAT > Port Trigger
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Port Trigger Rules (Max Limit : 32)
This is the rule index number (read-only).
Name
Type a unique name (up to 15 characters) for identification purposes. All characters are
permitted - including spaces.
Incoming Port
Incoming is a port (or a range of ports) that a server on the WAN uses when it sends out a
particular service. The EMG2881-T20A forwards the traffic with this port (or range of ports) to
the client computer on the LAN that requested the service.
Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port numbers.
End Port
Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port numbers.
Trigger Port
The trigger port is a port (or a range of ports) that causes (or triggers) the EMG2881-T20A to
record the IP address of the LAN computer that sent the traffic to a server on the WAN.
Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port numbers.
End Port
Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port numbers.
Add
Click
Delete
Click
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
to add the rule in the port trigger summary table.
to remove a rule.
6.5.3 Passthrough Screen
To change your EMG2881-T20A’s VPN passthrough settings, click Configuration > WAN > NAT >
Passthrough. The screen appears as shown.
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Figure 20 Configuration > WAN > NAT > Passthrough
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 15 Configuration > WAN > NAT > Passthrough
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
VPN Passthrough
PPTP
Select Enable to allow VPN clients to make outbound PPTP connections. It is required in order
to connect to a PPTP VPN account. If PPTP is disabled, then when a client sends a request to
a VPN server, the server will reply to the EMG2881-T20A and the EMG2881-T20A will drop the
request. When PPTP is enabled, the EMG2881-T20A will forward the reply from the VPN server
to the client that initiated the request, and the connection will establish successfully.
L2TP
Select Enable to allow VPN clients to make outbound L2TP connections. It is required in order
to connect to a L2TP VPN account. If L2TP is disabled, then when a client sends a request to a
VPN server, the server will reply to the EMG2881-T20A and the EMG2881-T20A will drop the
request. When L2TP is enabled, the EMG2881-T20A will forward the reply from the VPN server
to the client that initiated the request, and the connection will establish successfully.
IPSEC
Select Enable to allow VPN clients to make outbound IPSec connections. It is required in
order to connect to a IPSec VPN account. If IPSEC is disabled, then when a client sends a
request to a VPN server, the server will reply to the EMG2881-T20A and the EMG2881-T20A will
drop the request. When IPSEC is enabled, the EMG2881-T20A will forward the reply from the
VPN server to the client that initiated the request, and the connection will establish
successfully.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
6.6 Dynamic DNS Screen
To change your EMG2881-T20A’s DDNS, click Configuration > WAN > Dynamic DNS. The screen appears
as shown.
Figure 21 Configuration > WAN > Dynamic DNS
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 16 Configuration > WAN > Dynamic DNS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Dynamic DNS Setup
Dynamic DNS
Select Enable to use dynamic DNS. Select Disable to turn this feature off.
Service Provider
Select the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider.
Host Name
Enter a host names in the field provided.
Username
Enter your user name.
Password
Enter the password assigned to you.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
6.7 Interface Group Screen
You can manually add a LAN and/or WLAN interface to a new group. Click Configuration > WAN >
Interface Group to open the following screen.
Figure 22 Configuration > WAN > Interface Group
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 17 Configuration > WAN > Interface Group
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add
Click this to add a new interface grouping rule.
You must configure a WAN connection before you can add a new interface
grouping rule. See Chapter 6 on page 37 for more information.
Interface Grouping Rules
This is the rule index number (read-only).
Name
This shows the descriptive name of the group.
WAN Interface
This shows the WAN interfaces in the group.
LAN Interfaces
This shows the LAN and/or WLAN interfaces in the group.
Delete
Click the Delete icon to remove the group.
6.7.1 Add Interface Group
Click the Add button in the Interface Group screen to open the following screen. Use this screen to
create a new interface group.
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Note: An interface can belong to a group only.
Figure 23 Configuration > WAN > Interface Group > Add New Group
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 18 Configuration > WAN > Interface Group > Add New Group
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Group Name
Enter a name to identify this group.
WAN Interfaces
used in the group
Select a WAN interface to be used in this group.
Grouped LAN
Interfaces
Select a LAN or wireless LAN interface in the Available LAN Interfaces and use the
left-facing arrow to move it to the Grouped LAN Interfaces to add the interface to
this group.
Available LAN
Interfaces
Select None to not add a WAN interface to this group.
To remove a LAN or wireless LAN interface from the Grouped LAN Interfaces, use
the righ-facing arrow.
Apply
Click this button to save your settings back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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CHAPTER 7
Wireless LAN
7.1 Overview
This chapter discusses how to configure the wireless network settings in your EMG2881-T20A. The
EMG2881-T20A is able to function both 2.4GHz and 5GHz network at the same time. You can have
different wireless and wireless security settings for 2.4GHz and 5GHz wireless LANs. Click Configuration >
Wireless to configure to do so.
See the appendices for more detailed information about wireless networks.
The following figure provides an example of a wireless network.
Figure 24 Example of a Wireless Network
The wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network, devices A and B are called
wireless clients. The wireless clients use the access point (AP) to interact with other devices (such as the
printer) or with the Internet. Your EMG2881-T20A is the AP.
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Chapter 7 Wireless LAN
7.1.1 What You Can Do
• Use the Wireless screen to turn the wireless connection on or off, set up wireless security between the
EMG2881-T20A and the wireless clients, and make other basic configuration changes (Section 7.2 on
page 57).
• Use the More AP screen to set up multiple wireless networks on your EMG2881-T20A (Section 7.4 on
page 61).
• Use the MAC Filter screen to allow or deny wireless stations based on their MAC addresses from
connecting to the EMG2881-T20A (Section 7.5 on page 64).
• Use the Advanced screen to allow intra-BSS networking and set the RTS/CTS Threshold (Section 7.6 on
page 65).
• Use the WPS screen to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to
configure security settings manually (Section 7.7 on page 66).
• Use the Scheduling screen to set the times your wireless LAN is turned on and off (Section 7.8 on page
68).
7.1.2 What You Should Know
Every wireless network must follow these basic guidelines.
• Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use the same SSID.
The SSID is the name of the wireless network. It stands for Service Set IDentity.
• If two wireless networks overlap, they should use different channels.
Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific channel, or frequency,
to send and receive information.
• Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the AP.
Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also protect the
information that is sent in the wireless network.
Wireless Security Overview
The following sections introduce different types of wireless security you can set up in the wireless
network.
SSID
Normally, the AP acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area. You can hide the
SSID instead, in which case the AP does not broadcast the SSID. In addition, you should change the
default SSID to something that is difficult to guess.
This type of security is fairly weak, however, because there are ways for unauthorized devices to get the
SSID. In addition, unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network.
MAC Address Filter
Every wireless client has a unique identification number, called a MAC address.1 A MAC address is
usually written using twelve hexadecimal characters2; for example, 00A0C5000002 or 00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
1.
Some wireless devices, such as scanners, can detect wireless networks but cannot use wireless networks. These
kinds of wireless devices might not have MAC addresses.
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To get the MAC address for each wireless client, see the appropriate User’s Guide or other
documentation.
You can use the MAC address filter to tell the AP which wireless clients are allowed or not allowed to use
the wireless network. If a wireless client is allowed to use the wireless network, it still has to have the
correct settings (SSID, channel, and security). If a wireless client is not allowed to use the wireless
network, it does not matter if it has the correct settings.
This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless network. Furthermore,
there are ways for unauthorized devices to get the MAC address of an authorized wireless client. Then,
they can use that MAC address to use the wireless network.
User Authentication
You can make every user log in to the wireless network before they can use it. This is called user
authentication. However, every wireless client in the wireless network has to support IEEE 802.1x to do
this.
For wireless networks, there are two typical places to store the user names and passwords for each user.
• In the AP: this feature is called a local user database or a local database.
• In a RADIUS server: this is a server used in businesses more than in homes.
If your AP does not provide a local user database and if you do not have a RADIUS server, you cannot
set up user names and passwords for your users.
Unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network, even if they cannot
use the wireless network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized wireless users to get a valid user
name and password. Then, they can use that user name and password to use the wireless network.
Local user databases also have an additional limitation that is explained in the next section.
Encryption
Wireless networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the wireless network.
Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret code, you cannot understand the
message.
The types of encryption you can choose depend on the type of user authentication. (See page 55 for
information about this.)
Table 19 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication
Weakest
NO AUTHENTICATION
RADIUS SERVER
No Security
WPA
Static WEP
WPA-PSK
Strongest
WPA2-PSK
WPA2
For example, if the wireless network has a RADIUS server, you can choose WPA or WPA2. If users do not
log in to the wireless network, you can choose no encryption, Static WEP, WPA-PSK, or WPA2-PSK.
2.
Hexadecimal characters are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.
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Usually, you should set up the strongest encryption that every wireless client in the wireless network
supports. For example, suppose the AP does not have a local user database, and you do not have a
RADIUS server. Therefore, there is no user authentication. Suppose the wireless network has two wireless
clients. Device A only supports WEP, and device B supports WEP and WPA. Therefore, you should set up
Static WEP in the wireless network.
Note: It is recommended that wireless networks use WPA-PSK, WPA, or stronger encryption.
IEEE 802.1x and WEP encryption are better than none at all, but it is still possible for
unauthorized devices to figure out the original information pretty quickly.
Note: It is not possible to use WPA-PSK, WPA or stronger encryption with a local user database.
In this case, it is better to set up stronger encryption with no authentication than to set
up weaker encryption with the local user database.
When you select WPA2 or WPA2-PSK in your EMG2881-T20A, you can also select an option (WPA/WPAPSK Compatible) to support WPA/WPA-PSK as well. In this case, if some wireless clients support WPA and
some support WPA2, you should set up WPA2-PSK or WPA2 (depending on the type of wireless network
login) and select the WPA/WPA-PSK Compatible option in the EMG2881-T20A.
Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the wireless network. The longer the
key, the stronger the encryption. Every wireless client in the wireless network must have the same key.
Guest WLAN
Guest WLAN allows you to set up a wireless network where users can access to Internet via the
EMG2881-T20A (Z), but not other networks connected to the Z. In the following figure, a guest user can
access the Internet from the guest wireless network A via Z but not the home or company network N.
Note: The home or company network N and Guest WLAN network are independent networks.
Figure 25 Guest Wireless LAN Network
Guest WLAN Bandwidth
The Guest WLAN Bandwidth function allows you to restrict the maximum bandwidth for the guest
wireless network. Additionally, you can also define bandwidth for your home or office network. An
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example is shown next to define maximum bandwidth for your networks (A is Guest WLAN and N is home
or company network.)
Figure 26 Example: Bandwidth for Different Networks
600 kbps
300 kbps
100 kbps
WPS
WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) is an industry standard specification, defined by the WiFi Alliance. WPS
allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to configure security
settings manually. Depending on the devices in your network, you can either press a button (on the
device itself, or in its configuration utility) or enter a PIN (Personal Identification Number) in the devices.
Then, they connect and set up a secure network by themselves. See how to set up a secure wireless
network using WPS in the Section 4.2 on page 24.
7.2 Wireless LAN Screen
Use this screen to configure the SSID and wireless security of the wireless LAN.
Note: If you are configuring the EMG2881-T20A from a computer connected to the wireless
LAN and you change the EMG2881-T20A’s SSID, channel or security settings, you will
lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must then change
the wireless settings of your computer to match the EMG2881-T20A’s new settings.
Click Configuration > Wireless to open the Wireless screen.
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Figure 27 Configuration > Wireless > Wireless
The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen.
Table 20 Configuration > Wireless > Wireless
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Band
This shows the wireless band which this radio profile is using. 2.4GHz is the frequency used by
IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless clients while 5GHz is used by IEEE 802.11a/ac wireless clients.
Wireless LAN
Select Enable to activate the 2.4GHz and/or 5GHz wireless LAN. Select Disable to turn it off.
Note: You can enable or disable both 2.4GHz and 5GHz wireless LANs by using the
WIFI button located on the side panel of the EMG2881-T20A.
Name (SSID)
The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the Service Set with which a wireless client is
associated. Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable characters found on a typical English
language keyboard) for the wireless LAN.
Hide SSID
Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot
obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Channel Selection
Set the operating frequency/channel depending on your particular region.
Select a channel from the drop-down list box. The options vary depending on the frequency
band and the country you are in.
Refer to the Connection Wizard chapter for more information on channels. This option is only
available if Auto Channel Selection is disabled.
Operating
Channel
This displays the channel the EMG2881-T20A is currently using.
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Table 20 Configuration > Wireless > Wireless
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Channel Width
Select the wireless channel width used by EMG2881-T20A.
A standard 20 MHz channel offers transfer speeds of up to 144Mbps (2.4GHz) or 217Mbps
(5GHZ) whereas a 40MHz channel uses two standard channels and offers speeds of up to
300Mbps (2.4GHz) or 450Mbps (5GHZ). An IEEE 802.11ac-specific 80MHz channel offers speeds
of up to 1.3Gbps.
Because not all devices support 40 MHz and/or 80 MHz channels, select Auto 20/40 MHz or
Auto 20/40/80 MHz to allow the EMG2881-T20A to adjust the channel bandwidth
automatically.
Select 20 MHz if you want to lessen radio interference with other wireless devices in your
neighborhood or the wireless clients do not support channel bonding.
802.11 Mode
If you are in the Wireless LAN 2.4G > General screen, you can select from the following:
•
•
•
•
•
•
802.11b: allows either IEEE 802.11b or IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN devices to associate
with the EMG2881-T20A. In this mode, all wireless devices can only transmit at the data
rates supported by IEEE 802.11b.
802.11g: allows IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN devices to associate with the Device. IEEE
802.11b compliant WLAN devices can associate with the EMG2881-T20A only when they
use the short preamble type.
802.11bg: allows either IEEE 802.11b or IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN devices to associate
with the EMG2881-T20A. The EMG2881-T20A adjusts the transmission rate automatically
according to the wireless standard supported by the wireless devices.
802.11n: allows IEEE 802.11n compliant WLAN devices to associate with the EMG2881T20A. This can increase transmission rates, although IEEE 802.11b or IEEE 802.11g clients will
not be able to connect to the EMG2881-T20A.
802.11gn: allows either IEEE 802.11g or IEEE 802.11n compliant WLAN devices to associate
with the EMG2881-T20A. The transmission rate of your EMG2881-T20A might be reduced.
802.11 bgn: allows IEEE802.11b, IEEE802.11g and IEEE802.11n compliant WLAN devices to
associate with the EMG2881-T20A. The transmission rate of your EMG2881-T20A might be
reduced.
If you are in the Wireless LAN 5G > General screen, you can select from the following:
•
•
•
Security Mode
802.11a: allows only IEEE 802.11a compliant WLAN devices to associate with the EMG2881T20A.
802.11a/an: allows both IEEE802.11n and IEEE802.11a compliant WLAN devices to
associate with the EMG2881-T20A. The transmission rate of your EMG2881-T20A might be
reduced.
802.11a/an/ac: allows both IEEE802.11a, IEEE802.11n and IEEE802.11ac compliant WLAN
devices to associate with the EMG2881-T20A. The transmission rate of your EMG2881-T20A
might be reduced.
Select WPA2-PSK to add security on this wireless network. The wireless clients which want to
associate to this network must have same wireless security settings as this device. After you
select to use a security, additional options appears in this screen. See Section 7.3 on page 59
for detailed information on different security modes. Or you can select No Security to allow
any client to associate this network without authentication.
Note:
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
See the rest of this chapter for information on the other labels in this screen.
7.3 Wireless Security
The screen varies depending on what you select in the Security Mode field.
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7.3.1 No Security
Select No Security to allow wireless clients to communicate with the access points without any data
encryption.
Note: If you do not enable any wireless security on your EMG2881-T20A, your network is
accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.
Figure 28 Configuration > Wireless > Wireless: No Security
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 21 Configuration > Wireless > Wireless: No Security
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Mode
Choose No Security from the drop-down list box.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
7.3.2 WPA2-PSK
Select WPA2-PSK from the Security Mode list.
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Figure 29 Configuration > Wireless > Wireless: WPA2-PSK
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 22 Configuration > Wireless > Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Mode
Select WPA2-PSK to enable data encryption.
WPA-PSK
Compatible
This field appears when you choose WPA2-PSK as the Security Mode.
PMF
Check this field to allow wireless devices using WPA-PSK security mode to connect to your
EMG2881-T20A.
Protected Management Frames (PMF) is a protection mechanism of action management
frames.
Check this field to allow wireless devices using the PMF protection mechanism to connect to
your EMG2881-T20A.
Pre-Shared Key
WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses a simple common password for authentication.
Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive keyboard characters.
Group Key Update
Timer
The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the AP sends a new group key out to all
clients.
The default is 3600 seconds (60 minutes).
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
7.4 More AP Screen
This screen allows you to enable and configure multiple wireless networks and guest wireless network
settings on the EMG2881-T20A.
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You can configure up to four SSIDs to enable multiple BSSs (Basic Service Sets) on the EMG2881-T20A. This
allows you to use one access point to provide several BSSs simultaneously. You can then assign varying
security types to different SSIDs. Wireless clients can use different SSIDs to associate with the same access
point.
Click Configuration > Wireless > More AP. The following screen displays.
Figure 30 Configuration > Wireless > More AP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 23 Configuration > Wireless > More AP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Band
Use 2.4GHz or 5GHz to set up the EMG2881-T20A’s guest WiFi network.
This is the index number of each SSID profile.
Status
This shows whether the SSID profile is active (a yellow bulb) or not (a gray bulb).
SSID
An SSID profile is the set of parameters relating to one of the EMG2881-T20A’s BSSs. The SSID
(Service Set IDentifier) identifies the Service Set with which a wireless device is associated.
This field displays the name of the wireless profile on the network. When a wireless client scans
for an AP to associate with, this is the name that is broadcast and seen in the wireless client
utility.
Security
This field indicates the security mode of the SSID profile.
Remaining Time
If the user is currently not permitted to access the Internet, you can click Set to allow access for
a specified period of time. A screen then displays allowing you to set how long (in hours) the
user is allowed to access the Internet.
This field displays the amount of Internet access time that remains for each user before the
EMG2881-T20A blocks the user from accessing the Internet.
0:0:0 means there is no extra Internet access time.
Edit
Click the Edit icon to configure the SSID profile.
7.4.1 More AP Edit
Use this screen to edit an SSID profile. Click the Edit icon next to an SSID in the More AP screen. The
following screen displays.
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Figure 31 Configuration > Wireless > More AP: Edit
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 24 Configuration > Wireless > More AP: Edit
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Active
Select this to activate the SSID profile.
Name (SSID)
The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the Service Set with which a wireless client is associated.
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable characters found on a typical English language
keyboard) for the wireless LAN.
Hide SSID
Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot obtain
the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Intra-BSS Traffic
A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless clients or between a
wireless client and a wired network client go through one access point (AP).
Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless clients in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is enabled, wireless
clients can access the wired network and communicate with each other. When Intra-BSS is
disabled, wireless clients can still access the wired network but cannot communicate with each
other.
WMM QoS
Check this to have the EMG2881-T20A automatically give a service a priority level according to
the ToS value in the IP header of packets it sends.
WMM QoS (Wifi MultiMedia Quality of Service) gives high priority to voice and video, which
makes them run more smoothly.
Security Mode
Select WPA2-PSK to add security on this wireless network. The wireless clients which want to
associate to this network must have same wireless security settings as this device. After you
select to use a security, additional options appears in this screen. See Section 7.3 on page 59 for
detailed information on different security modes. Or you can select No Security to allow any
client to associate this network without authentication.
Note:
WPA-PSK
Compatible
PMF
This field appears when you choose WPA2-PSK as the Security Mode.
Check this field to allow wireless devices using WPA-PSK security mode to connect to your
EMG2881-T20A.
Protected Management Frames (PMF) is a protection mechanism of action management
frames.
Check this field to allow wireless devices using the PMF protection mechanism to connect to
your EMG2881-T20A.
Pre-Shared Key
WPA2-PSK uses a simple common password for authentication.
Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive keyboard characters.
Group Key
Update Timer
The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the AP sends a new group key out to all clients.
The default is 3600 seconds (60 minutes).
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Table 24 Configuration > Wireless > More AP: Edit (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
7.5 MAC Filter Screen
The MAC filter screen allows you to configure the EMG2881-T20A to give exclusive access to devices
(Allow) or exclude devices from accessing the EMG2881-T20A (Deny). Every Ethernet device has a
unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists
of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. You need to know the MAC
address of the devices to configure this screen.
To change your EMG2881-T20A’s MAC filter settings, click Configuration > Wireless > MAC Filter. The
screen appears as shown.
Figure 32 Configuration > Wireless > MAC Filter
The following table describes the labels in this menu.
Table 25 Configuration > Wireless > MAC Filter
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Band
Select the frequency band to set whether you want to apply the wireless and security settings to
the default 2.4GHz or 5GHz wireless LAN.
MAC Address
Filter
Select to turn on (Enable) or off (Disable) MAC address filtering.
Filter Action
Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC Filter Summary table.
Select Allow to permit access to the EMG2881-T20A, MAC addresses not listed will be denied
access to the EMG2881-T20A.
Select Deny to block access to the EMG2881-T20A, MAC addresses not listed will be allowed to
access the EMG2881-T20A.
MAC Filter Summary
This is the index number of the MAC address.
MAC Address
Enter the MAC address of the wireless station that are allowed or denied access to the EMG2881T20A.
Add/Delete
Click
Click
to add the rule in the MAC filter summary table.
to remove a rule.
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Table 25 Configuration > Wireless > MAC Filter (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
7.6 Advanced Screen
Use this screen to allow wireless advanced features, such as the output power, RTS/CTS Threshold
settings.
Click Configuration > Wireless > Advanced. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 33 Configuration > Wireless > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 26 Configuration > Wireless > Advanced
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Band
Select the frequency band to set whether you want to apply the wireless and security settings
to the default 2.4GHz or 5GHz wireless LAN.
RTS/CTS Threshold
Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear
To Send) handshake.
This field is not configurable and the EMG2881-T20A automatically changes to use the
maximum value if you select 802.11a/an, 802.11a/an/ac, 802.11n, 802.11gn or 802.11bgn in
the Wireless LAN 2.4G/5G > General screen.
Fragmentation
Threshold
The threshold (number of bytes) for the fragmentation boundary for directed messages. It is
the maximum data fragment size that can be sent.
This field is not configurable and the EMG2881-T20A automatically changes to use the
maximum value if you select 802.11a/an, 802.11a/an/ac, 802.11n, 802.11gn or 802.11bgn in
the Wireless LAN 2.4G/5G > General screen.
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Table 26 Configuration > Wireless > Advanced (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Intra-BSS Traffic
Blocking
A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless clients or between
a wireless client and a wired network client go through one access point (AP).
Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless clients in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is enabled, wireless
clients can access the wired network and communicate with each other. When Intra-BSS is
disabled, wireless clients can still access the wired network but cannot communicate with
each other.
Tx Power
Set the output power of the EMG2881-T20A in this field. If there is a high density of APs in an
area, decrease the output power of the EMG2881-T20A to reduce interference with other
APs. Select one of the following 100%, 90%, 75%, 50%, 25% or 10%.
QoS Setup
WMM QoS
Select Enable to have the EMG2881-T20A automatically give a service a priority level
according to the ToS value in the IP header of packets it sends. WMM QoS (Wifi MultiMedia
Quality of Service) gives high priority to voice and video, which makes them run more
smoothly.
This field is not configurable and the EMG2881-T20A automatically enables WMM QoS if you
select 802.11n, 802.11an, 802.11gn or 802.11bgn in the Expert > Wireless screen.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
7.7 WPS Screen
Use this screen to enable/disable WPS, view or generate a new PIN number and check current WPS
status. To open this screen, click Configuration > Wireless > WPS.
Note: With WPS, wireless clients can only connect to the wireless network using the first SSID on
the EMG2881-T20A.
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Figure 34 Network > Wireless LAN 2.4G/5G > WPS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 27 Network > Wireless LAN 2.4G/5G > WPS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WPS Setup
Band
Select the frequency band to set whether you want to apply the wireless and security
settings to the default 2.4GHz or 5GHz wireless LAN.
WPS
Select Enable to turn on the WPS feature. Otherwise, select Disable.
PIN Code
Select Enable and click Apply to allow the PIN Configuration method. If you select Disable,
you cannot create a new PIN number.
PIN Number
This is the WPS PIN (Personal Identification Number) of the EMG2881-T20A. Enter this PIN in the
configuration utility of the device you want to connect to the EMG2881-T20A using WPS.
The PIN is not necessary when you use WPS push-button method.
Click Generate to generate a new PIN number.
Push Button
Use this button when you use the PBC (Push Button Configuration) method to configure
wireless stations’s wireless settings.
Click this to start WPS-aware wireless station scanning and the wireless security information
synchronization.
Or input station’s PIN
number
Use this button when you use the PIN Configuration method to configure wireless station’s
wireless settings.
Type the same PIN number generated in the wireless station’s utility. Then click Start to
associate to each other and perform the wireless security information synchronization.
WPS Status
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Table 27 Network > Wireless LAN 2.4G/5G > WPS (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Status
This displays Configured when the EMG2881-T20A has connected to a wireless network using
WPS or when WPS Enable is selected and wireless or wireless security settings have been
changed. The current wireless and wireless security settings also appear in the screen.
This displays Unconfigured if WPS is disabled and there are no wireless or wireless security
changes on the EMG2881-T20A or you click Release Configuration to remove the configured
wireless and wireless security settings.
Release
Configuration
This button is only available when the WPS status displays Configured.
802.11 Mode
This is the 802.11 mode used. Only compliant WLAN devices can associate with the
EMG2881-T20A.
SSID
This is the name of the wireless network (the EMG2881-T20A’s first SSID).
Security
This is the type of wireless security employed by the network.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
Click this button to remove all configured wireless and wireless security settings for WPS
connections on the EMG2881-T20A.
7.8 Scheduling Screen
Use this screen to set the times your wireless LAN is turned on and off. Wireless LAN scheduling is disabled
by default. The wireless LAN can be scheduled to turn on or off on certain days and at certain times. To
open this screen, click Configuration > Wireless > Scheduling tab.
Figure 35 Configuration > Wireless > Scheduling
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 28 Configuration > Wireless > Scheduling
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Band
Select the frequency band to set whether you want to apply the wireless and security
settings to the default 2.4GHz or 5GHz wireless LAN.
Wireless LAN
Scheduling
Select Enable to activate the wireless LAN scheduling feature. Select Disable to turn it off.
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Table 28 Configuration > Wireless > Scheduling
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Internet Access
Schedule
The y-axis shows the time period in days. The x-axis shows the time period in hours.
Click Select All or click gray blocks to specify days and times to turn the Wireless LAN on or
off. If you click Select All you can not select any specific days and times. Click Clean All to
remove all the wireless LAN scheduling.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
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CHAPTER 8
LAN
8.1 Overview
This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers are
attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same building or floor
of a building.
Figure 36 LAN Example
The LAN screens can help you configure a manage IP address, and partition your physical network into
logical networks.
8.2 What You Can Do
• Use the LAN IP screen to configure the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses for your EMG2881-T20A on the LAN
(Section 8.4 on page 71).
• Use the Static DHCP screen to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based
on their MAC Addresses (Section 8.5 on page 72).
• Use the IPv6 LAN screen to configure the IPv6 address for your EMG2881-T20A on the LAN (Section 8.6
on page 73).
8.3 What You Need To Know
The actual physical connection determines whether the EMG2881-T20A ports are LAN or WAN ports.
There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other outside the WAN network
as shown next.
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Figure 37 LAN and WAN IP Addresses
The LAN parameters of the EMG2881-T20A are preset in the factory with the following values:
• IPv4 address of 192.168.1.1 with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)
• DHCP server enabled with 128 client IPv4 addresses starting from 192.168.1.33.
These parameters should work for the majority of installations.
8.4 LAN IP Screen
Use this screen to change the IP address for your EMG2881-T20A. Click Configuration > LAN > LAN IP.
Figure 38 Configuration > LAN > LAN IP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 29 Configuration > LAN > LAN IP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
IP Address
Type the IP address of your EMG2881-T20A in dotted decimal notation.
IP Subnet Mask
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your EMG2881-T20A
will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address that you assign. Unless
you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the EMG2881-T20A.
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Table 29 Configuration > LAN > LAN IP (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
DHCP Server
Select Enable to activate DHCP for LAN.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows
individual clients (computers) to obtain TCP/IP configuration at startup from a server.
Enable the DHCP server unless your ISP instructs you to do otherwise. Select Disable
to stop the EMG2881-T20A acting as a DHCP server. When configured as a server, the
EMG2881-T20A provides TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If not, DHCP service is
disabled and you must have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computers
must be manually configured. When set as a server, fill in the following four fields.
IP Pool Starting
Address
This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool for LAN.
Pool Size
This field specifies the size, or count of the IP address pool for LAN.
Lease Time
This is the period of time DHCP-assigned addresses is used. DHCP automatically assigns IP
addresses to clients when they log in. DHCP centralizes IP address management on central
computers that run the DHCP server program. DHCP leases addresses, for a period of time,
which means that past addresses are “recycled” and made available for future
reassignment to other systems.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
8.5 Static DHCP Screen
This screen allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on
their MAC addresses.
To change your EMG2881-T20A’s static DHCP settings, click Configuration > LAN > Static DHCP.
Figure 39 Configuration > LAN > Static DHCP
The following table describes the labels on this screen.
Table 30 Configuration > LAN > Static DHCP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of the static IP table entry (row). Select Auto Detection to
automatically detect the MAC address of a computer on your LAN. Otherwise, select User
define to enter the MAC address of a computer on your LAN in the MAC Address field.
MAC Address
This field displays the MAC address of a computer on your LAN. If you select User define in
the # field, enter the MAC address(es) manually.
IP Address
This field displays the LAN IP address of a computer on your LAN. If you select User define in
the # field, enter the IP address(es) manually.
Add/Delete
Click
Click
to add the rule in the MAC filter summary table.
to remove a rule.
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Table 30 Configuration > LAN > Static DHCP (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes with the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
8.6 IPv6 LAN Screen
Use this screen to configure the IP address for your EMG2881-T20A on the LAN. Click Configuration > LAN
> IPv6 LAN.
Figure 40 Configuration > LAN > IPv6 LAN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 31 Configuration > LAN > IPv6 LAN
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
LAN IPv6 Address Assignment
Enable_DHCPv6-PD
Select this option to use DHCPv6 prefix delegation. The EMG2881-T20A will obtain an IPv6 prefix from the ISP or a
connected uplink router for the LAN.
Autoconfiguration
Type
Select SLAAC + RDNSS to enable IPv6 stateless auto-configuration on this interface. The
interface will generate an IPv6 IP address itself from a prefix obtained from an IPv6 router in
the network.
Select SLAAC + Stateless DHCPv6 to enable IPv6 stateless auto-configuration on this
interface. The interface will get an IPv6 address from an IPv6 router and the DHCP server. The
IP address information gets through DHCPv6.
Select Stateful DHCPv6 to allow a DHCP server to assign and pass IPv6 network addresses,
prefixes and other configuration information to DHCP clients.
IPv6 Address range
(Start)
Enter the beginning of the range of IP addresses that this address object represents.
IPv6 Address range
(End)
Enter the end of the range of IP address that this address object represents.
IPv6 Lifetime
Enter the IPv6 lifetime in the LAN.
Static IP Address
Select this option to manually enter an IPv6 address if you want to use a static IP address.
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Table 31 Configuration > LAN > IPv6 LAN (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
LAN IPv6 Address
Enter the LAN IPv6 address you want to assign to your EMG2881-T20A in hexadecimal
notation.
LAN IPv6 Prefix
Length (48~64)
Enter the 48 to 64 address prefix length to specify in an IPv6 address compose the network
address.
Prefix Preferred
Lifetime
Enter the preferred lifetime for the prefix.
Prefix Valid Lifetime
Enter the valid lifetime for the prefix.
Link Local Only
Select this option to only use the link local address on the EMG2881-T20A interfaces in the LAN.
ULA
Select this option to identify a unique local address of the EMG2881-T20A in the LAN.
RA period
Minimum RA period
Enter the minimum time in seconds between router advertisement messages.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the EMG2881-T20A.
Cancel
Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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CHAPTER 9
Applications
9.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to configure bandwidth management and UPnP.
Quality of Service (QoS)
Quality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network’s ability to deliver data with minimum delay, and the
networking methods used to control the use of bandwidth. Without QoS, all traffic data is equally likely
to be dropped when the network is congested. This can cause a reduction in network performance and
make the network inadequate for time-critical application such as video-on-demand.
Configure QoS on the EMG2881-T20A to group and prioritize application traffic and fine-tune network
performance. Setting up QoS involves these steps:
Configure classifiers to sort traffic into different flows.
Assign priority and define actions to be performed for a classified traffic flow.
The EMG2881-T20A assigns each packet a priority and then queues the packet accordingly. Packets
assigned a high priority are processed more quickly than those with low priority if there is congestion,
allowing time-sensitive applications to flow more smoothly. Time-sensitive applications include both
those that require a low level of latency (delay) and a low level of jitter (variations in delay) such as
Voice over IP (VoIP) or Internet gaming, and those for which jitter alone is a problem such as Internet
radio or streaming video.
This chapter contains information about configuring QoS and editing classifiers.
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)
UPnP hardware is identified as an icon in the Network Connections folder (Windows XP). Each UPnP
compatible device installed on your network will appear as a separate icon. Selecting the icon of a
UPnP device will allow you to access the information and properties of that device.
9.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
• The QoS General screen lets you enable or disable QoS and set the upstream bandwidth (Section 9.3
on page 78).
• The Queue Setup screen lets you configure QoS queue assignment (Section 9.4 on page 79).
• The Class Setup screen lets you add, edit or delete QoS classifiers (Section 9.5 on page 80).
• Use the UPnP screen to enable UPnP on your EMG2881-T20A (Section 9.6 on page 83).
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Chapter 9 Applications
9.2 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
QoS versus CoS
QoS is used to prioritize source-to-destination traffic flows. All packets in the same flow are given the
same priority. CoS (class of service) is a way of managing traffic in a network by grouping similar types of
traffic together and treating each type as a class. You can use CoS to give different priorities to different
packet types.
CoS technologies include IEEE 802.1p layer 2 tagging and DiffServ (Differentiated Services or DS). IEEE
802.1p tagging makes use of three bits in the packet header, while DiffServ is a new protocol and
defines a new DS field, which replaces the eight-bit ToS (Type of Service) field in the IP header.
Tagging and Marking
In a QoS class, you can configure whether to add or change the DSCP (DiffServ Code Point) value, IEEE
802.1p priority level and VLAN ID number in a matched packet. When the packet passes through a
compatible network, the networking device, such as a backbone switch, can provide specific
treatment or service based on the tag or marker.
Traffic Shaping
Bursty traffic may cause network congestion. Traffic shaping regulates packets to be transmitted with a
pre-configured data transmission rate using buffers (or queues). Your EMG2881-T20A uses the Token
Bucket algorithm to allow a certain amount of large bursts while keeping a limit at the average rate.
Traffic Rate
Traffic
Traffic
Traffic Rate
Time
Time
(After Traffic Shaping)
(Before Traffic Shaping)
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Chapter 9 Applications
Traffic Policing
Traffic policing is the limiting of the input or output transmission rate of a class of traffic on the basis of
user-defined criteria. Traffic policing methods measure traffic flows against user-defined criteria and
identify it as either conforming, exceeding or violating the criteria.
Traffic Rate
Traffic
Traffic
Traffic Rate
Time
Time
(After Traffic Policing)
(Before Traffic Policing)
The EMG2881-T20A supports three incoming traffic metering algorithms: Token Bucket Filter (TBF), Single
Rate Two Color Maker (srTCM), and Two Rate Two Color Marker (trTCM). You can specify actions which
are performed on the colored packets. See Section 9.7 on page 83 for more information on each
metering algorithm.
NAT Traversal
UPnP NAT traversal automates the process of allowing an application to operate through NAT. UPnP
network devices can automatically configure network addressing, announce their presence in the
network to other UPnP devices and enable exchange of simple product and service descriptions. NAT
traversal allows the following:
• Dynamic port mapping
• Learning public IP addresses
• Assigning lease times to mappings
Windows Messenger is an example of an application that supports NAT traversal and UPnP.
See the NAT chapter for more information on NAT.
Cautions with UPnP
The automated nature of NAT traversal applications in establishing their own services and opening
firewall ports may present network security issues. Network information and configuration may also be
obtained and modified by users in some network environments.
When a UPnP device joins a network, it announces its presence with a multicast message. For security
reasons, the EMG2881-T20A allows multicast messages on the LAN only.
All UPnP-enabled devices may communicate freely with each other without additional configuration.
Disable UPnP if this is not your intention.
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Chapter 9 Applications
9.3 The QoS General Screen
Click Configuration > Applications > Bandwidth Management > QoS General to open the screen as
shown next.
Use this screen to enable or disable QoS and set the upstream bandwidth. See Section 9.1 on page 75
for more information.
Figure 41 Configuration > Applications > Bandwidth Management > QoS General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 32 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
QoS State
Select the Enable check box to turn on QoS to improve your network performance.
WAN Managed
Upstream
Bandwidth
Enter the amount of upstream bandwidth for the WAN interfaces that you want to allocate using
QoS.
The recommendation is to set this speed to match the interfaces’ actual transmission speed. For
example, set the WAN interfaces’ speed to 100000 kbps if your Internet connection has an
upstream transmission speed of 100 Mbps.
You can set this number higher than the interfaces’ actual transmission speed. The EMG2881T20A uses up to 95% of the DSL port’s actual upstream transmission speed even if you set this
number higher than the DSL port’s actual transmission speed.
You can also set this number lower than the interfaces’ actual transmission speed. This will cause
the EMG2881-T20A to not use some of the interfaces’ available bandwidth.
If you leave this field blank, the EMG2881-T20A automatically sets this number to be 95% of the
WAN interfaces’ actual upstream transmission speed.
LAN Managed
Downstream
Bandwidth
Enter the amount of downstream bandwidth for the LAN interfaces (including WLAN) that you
want to allocate using QoS.
The recommendation is to set this speed to match the WAN interfaces’ actual transmission
speed. For example, set the LAN managed downstream bandwidth to 100000 kbps if you use a
100 Mbps wired Ethernet WAN connection.
You can also set this number lower than the WAN interfaces’ actual transmission speed. This will
cause the EMG2881-T20A to not use some of the interfaces’ available bandwidth.
If you leave this field blank, the EMG2881-T20A automatically sets this to the LAN interfaces’
maximum supported connection speed.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
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Chapter 9 Applications
9.4 The Queue Setup Screen
Use this screen to configure QoS queue assignment. Click Configuration > Applications > Bandwidth
Management > Queue Setup to open the screen as shown next.
Figure 42 Configuration > Applications > Bandwidth Management > Queue Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 33 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Queue Setup
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add new
Queue
Click this button to create a new queue entry.
This is the index number of the entry.
Status
This field displays whether the queue is active or not. A yellow bulb signifies that this queue is
active. A gray bulb signifies that this queue is not active.
Name
This shows the descriptive name of this queue.
Interface
This shows the name of the EMG2881-T20A’s interface through which traffic in this queue passes.
Priority
This shows the priority of this queue.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to edit the queue.
Click the Delete icon to delete an existing queue. Note that subsequent rules move up by one
when you take this action.
9.4.1 Add/Edit a Queue
Click Add New Queue or the Edit icon in the Queue Setup screen to configure a queue.
Figure 43 Configuration > Applications > Bandwidth Management > Queue Setup: Add/Edit new
queue
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Chapter 9 Applications
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 34 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Queue Setup: Add/Edit new queue
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Active
Select to enable or disable this queue.
Name
Enter the descriptive name of this queue. Note that \"<>%\\^[]`\+\$\,='#&@.:() are not
allowed.
To Interface
Select the interface to which this queue is applied.
Priority
Select the priority level (from 1 to 7) of this queue.
The smaller the number, the higher the priority level. Traffic assigned to higher priority queues
gets through faster while traffic in lower priority queues is dropped if the network is congested.
Back
Click this to return to the previous screen.
Apply
Click this to save your changes.
Cancel
Click this to exit this screen without saving.
9.5 The Class Setup Screen
Use this screen to add, edit or delete QoS classifiers. A classifier groups traffic into data flows according
to specific criteria such as the source address, destination address, source port number, destination port
number or incoming interface. For example, you can configure a classifier to select traffic from the
same protocol port (such as Telnet) to form a flow.
You can give different priorities to traffic that the EMG2881-T20A forwards out through the WAN
interface. Give high priority to voice and video to make them run more smoothly. Similarly, give low
priority to many large file downloads so that they do not reduce the quality of other applications.
Click Configuration > Applications > Bandwidth Management > Class Setup to open the following
screen.
Figure 44 Configuration > Applicatioin > Bandwidth Management > Class Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 35 Configuration > Applications > Bandwidth Management > Class Setup
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add new Classifier
Click this to create a new classifier.
This is the index number of the entry.
Status
This field displays whether the classifier is active or not. A yellow bulb signifies that this
classifier is active. A gray bulb signifies that this classifier is not active.
Class Name
This is the name of the classifier.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
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Chapter 9 Applications
Table 35 Configuration > Applications > Bandwidth Management > Class Setup (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Classification
Criteria
This shows criteria specified in this classifier, for example the interface from which traffic of
this class should come and the source MAC address of traffic that matches this classifier.
To Queue
This is the name of the queue in which traffic of this classifier is put.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to edit the classifier.
Click the Delete icon to delete an existing classifier. Note that subsequent rules move up by
one when you take this action.
9.5.1 Add/Edit a Classifier
Click Add New Classifier in the Class Setup screen or the Edit icon next to a classifier to open the
following screen.
Figure 45 Configuration > Applications > Bandwidth Management > Class Setup: Add/Edit new class
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
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Chapter 9 Applications
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 36 Configuration > Applications > Bandwidth Management > Class Setup: Add/Edit new class
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Step 1: Class Configuration
Active
Select this to enable this classifier.
Class Name
Enter a descriptive name of up to 15 printable English keyboard characters, not including
spaces.
Classification
Order
Select an existing number for where you want to put this classifier to move the classifier to the
number you selected after clicking Apply.
Select Last to put this rule in the back of the classifier list.
Step 2: Criteria Configuration
Basic
WAN
interface(LAN
interface)
If you select From LAN in the Interface field, you can select specific interface(s) from which
traffic is received. ra0 ~ ra3 means wireless interfaces WLAN0 to WLAN3.
If you select From WAN in the Interface field, you can select a specific WAN connection
(PVC0~PVC2) from which traffic is received.
Source
Address
Select the check box and enter the source IP address in dotted decimal notation. A blank
source IP address means any source IP address.
Subnet
Netmask
Enter the source subnet mask.
Port Range
If you select TCP or UDP in the IP Protocol field, select the check box and enter the port
number(s) of the source.
Destination
Address
Select the check box and enter the source IP address in dotted decimal notation. A blank
source IP address means any source IP address.
Subnet
Netmask
Enter the source subnet mask.
Port Range
If you select TCP or UDP in the IP Protocol field, select the check box and enter the port
number(s) of the source.
Others
Packet
Length
DSCP
This field is available only when you select IP in the Ether Type field.
Select this option and enter the minimum and maximum packet length (from 46 to 1500) in the
fields provided.
This field is available only when you select IP in the Ether Type field.
Select this option and specify a DSCP (DiffServ Code Point) number between 0 and 63 in the
field provided.
TCP ACK
This field is available only when you select IP in the Ether Type field.
If you select this option, the matched TCP packets must contain the ACK (Acknowledge) flag.
Step 3: Outgoing queue selection
To Queue Index
Select a queue that applies to this class.
You should have configured a queue in the Queue Setup screen already.
Back
Click this to return to the previous screen.
Apply
Click this to save your changes.
Cancel
Click this to exit this screen without saving.
EMG2881-T20A User’s Guide
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