ZyXEL Communications NBG417N Wireless N-LITE 3G Router User Manual 3890293
ZyXEL Communications Corporation Wireless N-LITE 3G Router 3890293
Contents
- 1. Manual
- 2. User Manual
User Manual
About This User's Guide
User’s Guide 3
About This User's Guide
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for people who want to configure the NBG4115 using the
Web Configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP
networking concepts and topology.
Tips for Reading User’s Guides On-Screen
When reading a ZyXEL User’s Guide On-Screen, keep the following in mind:
•If you don’t already have the latest version of Adobe Reader, you can download
it from http://www.adobe.com.
•Use the PDF’s bookmarks to quickly navigate to the areas that interest you.
Adobe Reader’s bookmarks pane opens by default in all ZyXEL User’s Guide
PDFs.
•If you know the page number or know vaguely which page-range you want to
view, you can enter a number in the toolbar in Reader, then press [ENTER] to
jump directly to that page.
•Type [CTRL]+[F] to open the Adobe Reader search utility and enter a word or
phrase. This can help you quickly pinpoint the information you require. You can
also enter text directly into the toolbar in Reader.
•To quickly move around within a page, press the [SPACE] bar. This turns your
cursor into a “hand” with which you can grab the page and move it around freely
on your screen.
•Embedded hyperlinks are actually cross-references to related text. Click them to
jump to the corresponding section of the User’s Guide PDF.
Related Documentation
•Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get your NBG4115 up and running
right away. It contains information on setting up your network and configuring
for Internet access.
•Supporting Disc
The embedded Web Help contains descriptions of individual screens and
supplementary information.
•Support Disc
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
Company Confidential
About This User's Guide
User’s Guide
4
Documentation Feedback
Send your comments, questions or suggestions to: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
Thank you!
The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 30099, Taiwan.
Need More Help?
More help is available at www.zyxel.com.
•Download Library
Search for the latest product updates and documentation from this link. Read
the Tech Doc Overview to find out how to efficiently use the User Guide, Quick
Start Guide and Command Line Interface Reference Guide in order to better
understand how to use your product.
•Knowledge Base
If you have a specific question about your product, the answer may be here.
This is a collection of answers to previously asked questions about ZyXEL
products.
•Forum
This contains discussions on ZyXEL products. Learn from others who use ZyXEL
products and share your experiences as well.
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About This User's Guide
User’s Guide 5
Customer Support
Should problems arise that cannot be solved by the methods listed above, you
should contact your vendor. If you cannot contact your vendor, then contact a
ZyXEL office for the region in which you bought the device.
See http://www.zyxel.com/web/contact_us.php for contact information. Please
have the following information ready when you contact an office.
•Product model and serial number.
•Warranty Information.
•Date that you received your device.
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Document Conventions
User’s Guide
6
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.
Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
Note: Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may
need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
•The NBG4115 may be referred to as the “NBG4115”, the “device”, the “product”
or the “system” in this User’s Guide.
•Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
•A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example,
[ENTER] means the “enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.
•“Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the
[ENTER] key. “Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined
choices.
•A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For
example, Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click
Maintenance in the navigation panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the
Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
•Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value.
For example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may
denote “1000000” or “1048576” and so on.
•“e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other
words”.
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Document Conventions
User’s Guide 7
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The NBG4115
icon is not an exact representation of your device.
NBG4115 Computer Notebook computer
Server DSLAM Firewall
Telephone Switch Router
Modem
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Safety Warnings
User’s Guide
8
Safety Warnings
•Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
•Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
•Do NOT store things on the device.
•Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
•Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
•Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.
•Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
•Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
•Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
•Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.
•Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in
North America or 230V AC in Europe).
•Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.
•Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.
•If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.
•Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.
•Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
•Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.
•Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when using
the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).
•If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will
be damaged.
Your product is marked with this symbol, which is known as the WEEE mark. WEEE
stands for Waste Electronics and Electrical Equipment. It means that used electrical
and electronic products should not be mixed with general waste. Used electrical and
electronic equipment should be treated separately.
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Contents Overview
User’s Guide 9
Contents Overview
Introduction ............................................................................................................................19
Introduction ................................................................................................................................21
The WPS Button ........................................................................................................................25
The Web Configurator ...............................................................................................................27
Connection Wizard ....................................................................................................................39
AP Mode ....................................................................................................................................55
Tutorials .....................................................................................................................................63
Network ...................................................................................................................................79
Wireless LAN .............................................................................................................................81
WAN ........................................................................................................................................101
LAN ...........................................................................................................................................115
DHCP Server ............................................................................................................................119
NAT ..........................................................................................................................................125
DDNS ......................................................................................................................................135
Security .................................................................................................................................139
Firewall ....................................................................................................................................141
Content Filtering ......................................................................................................................147
Management .........................................................................................................................151
Static Route .............................................................................................................................153
Bandwidth Management ..........................................................................................................157
Remote Management ..............................................................................................................165
UPnP .......................................................................................................................................169
Maintenance and Troubleshooting .....................................................................................179
System .....................................................................................................................................181
Logs .........................................................................................................................................187
Tools ........................................................................................................................................189
Sys OP Mode ..........................................................................................................................195
Language .................................................................................................................................199
Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................................201
Appendices and Index .........................................................................................................209
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Contents Overview
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Table of Contents
User’s Guide 11
Table of Contents
About This User's Guide..........................................................................................................3
Document Conventions............................................................................................................6
Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................8
Contents Overview...................................................................................................................9
Table of Contents....................................................................................................................11
Part I: Introduction.................................................................................19
Chapter 1
Introduction.............................................................................................................................21
1.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................21
1.2 Applications .........................................................................................................................21
1.3 Ways to Manage the NBG4115 ...........................................................................................22
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the NBG4115 ............................................................................22
1.5 LEDs ....................................................................................................................................22
Chapter 2
The WPS Button......................................................................................................................25
2.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................25
Chapter 3
The Web Configurator............................................................................................................27
3.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................27
3.2 Accessing the Web Configurator .........................................................................................27
3.3 Resetting the NBG4115 .......................................................................................................29
3.3.1 Procedure to Use the Reset Button ...........................................................................29
3.4 Navigating the Web Configurator ......................................................................................29
3.5 The Status Screen in Router Mode .....................................................................................30
3.5.1 Navigation Panel ........................................................................................................32
3.5.2 Summary: DHCP Table ...........................................................................................34
3.5.3 Summary: Packet Statistics .....................................................................................35
3.5.4 Summary: WLAN Station Status ............................................................................36
Chapter 4
Connection Wizard.................................................................................................................39
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4.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................39
4.2 Wizard Setup .......................................................................................................................39
4.3 STEP 1: System Information ...............................................................................................40
4.3.1 System Name .............................................................................................................40
4.3.2 Domain Name ............................................................................................................41
4.4 STEP 2: Wireless LAN ........................................................................................................42
4.4.1 Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) Security ...............................................................43
4.5 STEP 3: Internet Configuration ............................................................................................43
4.5.1 Ethernet Connection ..................................................................................................44
4.5.2 PPPoE Connection ....................................................................................................45
4.5.3 PPTP Connection .......................................................................................................46
4.5.4 Mobile 3G ...................................................................................................................48
4.5.5 Your IP Address .........................................................................................................49
4.5.6 WAN IP Address Assignment .....................................................................................49
4.5.7 IP Address and Subnet Mask .....................................................................................50
4.5.8 DNS Server Address Assignment ..............................................................................50
4.5.9 WAN IP and DNS Server Address Assignment .........................................................51
4.5.10 WAN MAC Address ..................................................................................................52
4.6 Connection Wizard Complete ..............................................................................................53
Chapter 5
AP Mode...................................................................................................................................55
5.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................55
5.2 Setting your NBG4115 to AP Mode .....................................................................................55
5.3 The Status Screen in AP Mode ...........................................................................................56
5.3.1 Navigation Panel ........................................................................................................58
5.4 LAN Settings ........................................................................................................................59
5.5 WLAN and Maintenance Settings ........................................................................................60
5.6 Logging in while in AP Mode ...............................................................................................61
Chapter 6
Tutorials...................................................................................................................................63
6.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................63
6.2 Set Up a 3G Connection ......................................................................................................63
6.3 Set Up the NBG4115 for Gaming ........................................................................................65
6.4 Set Up a Wireless Network with WPS .................................................................................68
6.4.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC) ..............................................................................68
6.4.2 PIN Configuration .......................................................................................................70
6.5 Configure Wireless Security without WPS ...........................................................................71
6.5.1 Configure Your Notebook ...........................................................................................72
6.6 Bandwidth Management ......................................................................................................74
6.6.1 Bandwidth Management by Application .....................................................................74
6.6.2 Custom Bandwidth Management ...............................................................................75
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6.6.3 Bandwidth Management by IP or IP Range ...............................................................76
Part II: Network.......................................................................................79
Chapter 7
Wireless LAN...........................................................................................................................81
7.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................81
7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..............................................................................82
7.1.2 What You Should Know .............................................................................................82
7.2 General ...............................................................................................................................85
7.2.1 No Security .................................................................................................................87
7.2.2 WEP Encryption .........................................................................................................87
7.2.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ................................................................................................89
7.3 MAC Filter ............................................................................................................................90
7.4 Advanced .............................................................................................................................92
7.5 QoS .....................................................................................................................................94
7.5.1 Application Priority Configuration ...............................................................................95
7.6 WPS ....................................................................................................................................97
7.7 WPS Station ........................................................................................................................98
7.8 Scheduling ...........................................................................................................................99
Chapter 8
WAN........................................................................................................................................101
8.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................101
8.2 What You Can Do in this Chapter ......................................................................................101
8.2.1 What You Need To Know .........................................................................................102
8.3 Internet Connection ...........................................................................................................105
8.3.1 Ethernet ....................................................................................................................105
8.3.2 PPPoE ......................................................................................................................106
8.3.3 PPTP ........................................................................................................................108
8.3.4 Mobile 3G ..................................................................................................................111
8.4 Advanced ............................................................................................................................113
Chapter 9
LAN.........................................................................................................................................115
9.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................115
9.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter .............................................................................115
9.2 What You Need To Know ....................................................................................................115
9.3 IP ........................................................................................................................................117
Chapter 10
DHCP Server..........................................................................................................................119
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10.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................119
10.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ...........................................................................119
10.1.2 What You Need To Know ........................................................................................119
10.2 General ............................................................................................................................120
10.3 Advanced ......................................................................................................................121
10.4 Client List ........................................................................................................................122
Chapter 11
NAT.........................................................................................................................................125
11.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................125
11.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ...........................................................................126
11.1.2 What You Need To Know ........................................................................................126
11.2 General ............................................................................................................................128
11.3 Application .....................................................................................................................129
11.4 Advanced .........................................................................................................................131
11.5 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................132
11.5.1 NATPort Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers .................................................132
11.5.2 NAT Port Forwarding Example ...............................................................................132
11.5.3 Trigger Port Forwarding ..........................................................................................133
11.5.4 Trigger Port Forwarding Example ...........................................................................134
11.5.5 Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports ......................................................134
Chapter 12
DDNS......................................................................................................................................135
12.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................135
12.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................135
12.1.2 What You Need To Know .......................................................................................135
12.2 General ..........................................................................................................................136
Part III: Security....................................................................................139
Chapter 13
Firewall...................................................................................................................................141
13.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................141
13.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................141
13.1.2 What You Need To Know .......................................................................................142
13.2 General .........................................................................................................................144
13.3 Services .........................................................................................................................144
Chapter 14
Content Filtering...................................................................................................................147
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14.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................147
14.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................147
14.1.2 What You Need To Know .......................................................................................147
14.2 Filter .................................................................................................................................148
14.3 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................149
14.3.1 Customizing Keyword Blocking URL Checking ......................................................149
Part IV: Management............................................................................151
Chapter 15
Static Route...........................................................................................................................153
15.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................153
15.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................153
15.2 IP Static Route ................................................................................................................154
15.2.1 Static Route Setup Screen ...................................................................................155
Chapter 16
Bandwidth Management.......................................................................................................157
16.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................157
16.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................157
16.1.2 What You Need To Know .......................................................................................157
16.2 General ...........................................................................................................................158
16.3 Advanced ........................................................................................................................159
16.3.1 Pre-Configured Gaming Ports ................................................................................162
16.3.2 Priority Levels .........................................................................................................162
16.3.3 User Defined Service Rule Configuration ...........................................................162
16.3.4 Predefined Bandwidth Management Services .......................................................163
16.3.5 Services and Port Numbers ...................................................................................164
Chapter 17
Remote Management............................................................................................................165
17.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................165
17.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................165
17.1.2 What You Need To Know .......................................................................................165
17.2 WWW ...........................................................................................................................166
Chapter 18
UPnP......................................................................................................................................169
18.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................169
18.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................169
18.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................169
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18.2 General ............................................................................................................................170
18.3 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................171
18.3.1 Installing UPnP in Windows XP .............................................................................171
Part V: Maintenance and Troubleshooting........................................179
Chapter 19
System...................................................................................................................................181
19.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................181
19.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................181
19.2 General ..........................................................................................................................181
19.3 Time Setting .....................................................................................................................183
Chapter 20
Logs.......................................................................................................................................187
20.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................187
20.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................187
20.2 View Log ..........................................................................................................................187
Chapter 21
Tools.......................................................................................................................................189
21.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................189
21.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................189
21.2 Firmware ..........................................................................................................................190
21.3 Configuration ...................................................................................................................192
21.3.1 Backup Configuration .............................................................................................192
21.3.2 Restore Configuration ............................................................................................193
21.3.3 Back to Factory Defaults ........................................................................................194
21.4 Restart .............................................................................................................................194
Chapter 22
Sys OP Mode.........................................................................................................................195
22.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................195
22.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................195
22.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................195
22.2 General ............................................................................................................................196
Chapter 23
Language...............................................................................................................................199
23.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................199
23.2 Language .........................................................................................................................199
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Chapter 24
Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................201
24.1 Overview ..........................................................................................................................201
24.2 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ......................................................................201
24.3 NBG4115 Access and Login ............................................................................................202
24.4 Internet Access ................................................................................................................204
24.5 Resetting the NBG4115 to Its Factory Defaults ...............................................................206
24.6 Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting ...............................................................................206
Part VI: Appendices and Index...........................................................209
Appendix A Product Specifications.......................................................................................211
Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions......................................215
Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting...........................................................................223
Appendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address...........................................................233
24.6.1 Verifying Settings ...................................................................................................250
Appendix E Wireless LANs..................................................................................................251
24.6.2 WPA(2)-PSK Application Example .........................................................................261
24.6.3 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ...........................................................261
Appendix F Services............................................................................................................263
Appendix G Legal Information..............................................................................................267
Index.......................................................................................................................................275
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PART I
Introduction
Introduction (21)
The WPS Button (25)
The Web Configurator (27)
Connection Wizard (39)
AP Mode (55)
Tutorials (63)
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User’s Guide 21
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
1.1 Overview
This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the NBG4115.
The NBG4115 extends the range of your existing wired network without additional
wiring, providing easy network access to mobile users. You can set up a wireless
network with other IEEE 802.11b/g/n compatible devices.
A range of services such as a firewall and content filtering are also available for
secure Internet computing.
1.2 Applications
Your can create the following networks using the NBG4115:
•Wired. You can connect network devices via the Ethernet ports of the NBG4115
so that they can communicate with each other and access the Internet.
•Wireless. Wireless clients can connect to the NBG4115 to access network
resources.
•WAN. Connect to a broadband modem/router for Internet access.
•WPS. Create an instant network connection with another WPS-compatabile
device, sharing your network connection with it.
•3G Wireless. Connect to a local 3G wireless network to take advantage of
superior connection speeds and improved download times.
Figure 1 NBG4115 Network
WLAN
LAN 1
LAN 2
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1.3 Ways to Manage the NBG4115
Use any of the following methods to manage the NBG4115.
•WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup). You can use the WPS button or the WPS section of
the Web Configurator to set up a wireless network with your ZyXEL Device.
•Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the
NBG4115 using a (supported) web browser.
1.4 Good Habits for Managing the NBG4115
Do the following things regularly to make the NBG4115 more secure and to
manage the NBG4115 more effectively.
•Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists
of different types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
•Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
•Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it).
Restoring an earlier working configuration may be useful if the device becomes
unstable or even crashes. If you forget your password, you will have to reset the
NBG4115 to its factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier
configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the NBG4115. You
could simply restore your last configuration.
1.5 LEDs
Figure 2 Front Panel
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Chapter 1Introduction
User’s Guide 23
The following table describes the LEDs and the WPS button.
Table 1 Front Panel LEDs and WPS Button
LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION
POWERGreenOnThe NBG4115 is receiving power and functioning
properly.
OffThe NBG4115 is not receiving power.
WLANGreenOnThe NBG4115 is ready, but is not sending/
receiving data through the wireless LAN.
BlinkingThe NBG4115 is sending/receiving data through
the wireless LAN.
The NBG4115 is negotiating a WPS connection
with a wireless client.
OffThe wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.
WANGreenOnThe NBG4115 has a successful 10/100MB WAN
connection.
BlinkingThe NBG4115 is sending/receiving data through
the WAN.
OffThe WAN connection is not ready, or has failed.
LAN 1-2GreenOnThe NBG4115 has a successful 10/100MB
Ethernet connection.
BlinkingThe NBG4115 is sending/receiving data through
the LAN.
OffThe LAN is not connected.
3GGreenOnThe NBG4115 has a 3G card installed and is
communicating with routers.
BlinkingThe NBG4115 is transmitting and/or receiving
data from routers through an installed 3G card.
OffThere is no 3G card installed.
InternetGreenOnThe NBG4115 has received an IP address
through either the WAN or WLAN interface and
can connect to the Internet.
OffThe NBG4115 has not received an IP address
through either the WAN or WLAN interface and
as such cannot connect to the Internet.
WPS ButtonPress this button for 1 second to set up a wireless connection via WiFi
Protected Setup with another WPS-enabled client. You must press the
WPS button on the client side within 120 seconds for a successful
connection.
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CHAPTER 2
The WPS Button
2.1 Overview
Your NBG4115 supports WiFi Protected Setup (WPS), which is an easy way to set
up a secure wireless network. WPS is an industry standard specification, defined
by the WiFi Alliance.
WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without
having to configure security settings manually. Each WPS connection works
between two devices. Both devices must support WPS (check each device’s
documentation to make sure).
Depending on the devices you have, you can either press a button (on the device
itself, or in its configuration utility) or enter a PIN (a unique Personal Identification
Number that allows one device to authenticate the other) in each of the two
devices. When WPS is activated on a device, it has two minutes to find another
device that also has WPS activated. Then, the two devices connect and set up a
secure network by themselves.
For more information on using WPS, see Section 6.4 on page 68.
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Chapter 2The WPS Button
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User’s Guide 27
CHAPTER 3
The Web Configurator
3.1 Overview
This chapter describes how to access the NBG4115 Web Configurator and provides
an overview of its screens.
The Web Configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy
setup and management of the NBG4115 via Internet browser. Use Internet
Explorer 6.0 and later or Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions or Safari 2.0
or later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.
In order to use the Web Configurator you need to allow:
•Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled
by default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
•JavaScripts (enabled by default).
•Java permissions (enabled by default).
Refer to the Troubleshooting chapter to see how to make sure these functions are
allowed in Internet Explorer.
3.2 Accessing the Web Configurator
1Make sure your NBG4115 hardware is properly connected and prepare your
computer or computer network to connect to the NBG4115 (refer to the Quick
Start Guide).
2Launch your web browser.
3Type "http://192.168.1.1" as the website address.
Your computer must be in the same subnet in order to access this website
address.
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4Type "1234" (default) as the password and click Login. In some versions, the
default password appears automatically - if this is the case, click Login.
5You should see a screen asking you to change your password (highly
recommended) as shown next. Type a new password (and retype it to confirm)
and click Apply or click Ignore.
Figure 3 Change Password Screen
Note: The management session automatically times out when the time period set in
the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply
log back into the NBG4115 if this happens.
6Select the setup mode you want to use.
•Click Go to Wizard Setup to use the Configuration Wizard for basic Internet
and Wireless setup.
•Click Go to Advanced Setup to view and configure all the NBG4115’s
settings.
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User’s Guide 29
•Select a language to go to the basic Web Configurator in that language. To
change to the advanced configurator see Chapter 23 on page 199.
Figure 4 Selecting the setup mode
3.3 Resetting the NBG4115
If you forget your password or IP address, or you cannot access the Web
Configurator, you will need to use the RESET button at the back of the NBG4115
to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will lose all
configurations that you had previously saved, the password will be reset to “1234”
and the IP address will be reset to “192.168.1.1”.
3.3.1 Procedure to Use the Reset Button
1Make sure the power LED is on.
2Press the RESET button for longer than 1 second to restart/reboot the NBG4115.
3Press the RESET button for longer than five seconds to set the NBG4115 back to
its factory-default configurations.
3.4 Navigating the Web Configurator
The following summarizes how to navigate the Web Configurator from the Status
screen in Router Mode and AP Mode.
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3.5 The Status Screen in Router Mode
Click on Status. The screen below shows the status screen in Router Mode.
(For information on the status screen in AP Mode see Chapter 5 on page 56.)
Figure 5 Web Configurator Status Screen
The following table describes the icons shown in the Status screen.
Table 2 Status Screen Icon Key
ICON DESCRIPTION
Click this icon to open the setup wizard.
Click this icon to view copyright and a link for related product information.
Click this icon at any time to exit the Web Configurator.
Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh
all screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not
refresh the screen statistics.
Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.
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The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.
Table 3 Web Configurator Status Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Device Information
System NameThis is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System >
General screen. It is for identification purposes.
Firmware VersionThis is the firmware version and the date created.
WAN Information
- SIM Card Status(3G Only) When a 3G USB device is attached to the NBG4115, this
provides information specific to it.
- MAC AddressThis shows the WAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
- IP AddressThis shows the WAN port’s IP address.
- IP Subnet MaskThis shows the WAN port’s subnet mask.
- DHCPThis shows the WAN port’s DHCP role - Client or None.
LAN Information
- MAC AddressThis shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
- IP AddressThis shows the LAN port’s IP address.
- IP Subnet MaskThis shows the LAN port’s subnet mask.
- DHCPThis shows the LAN port’s DHCP role - Server or None.
WLAN Information
- MAC AddressThis shows the wireless adapter MAC Address of your device.
- StatusThis shows the current status of the Wireless LAN - On,Off or Off by
scheduler.
- Name (SSID)This shows a descriptive name used to identify the NBG4115 in the
wireless LAN.
- ChannelThis shows the channel number which you select manually.
- Operating ChannelThis shows the channel number which the NBG4115 is currently using
over the wireless LAN.
- Security ModeThis shows the level of wireless security the NBG4115 is using.
- 802.11 ModeThis shows the wireless standard.
- WPSThis displays Configured when the WPS has been set up.
This displays Unconfigured if the WPS has not been set up.
Click the status to display Network > Wireless LAN > WPS screen.
System Status
System Up TimeThis is the total time the NBG4115 has been on.
Current Date/TimeThis field displays your NBG4115’s present date and time.
System Resource
- CPU UsageThis displays what percentage of the NBG4115’s processing ability is
currently used. When this percentage is close to 100%, the NBG4115 is
running at full load, and the throughput is not going to improve anymore.
If you want some applications to have more throughput, you should turn
off other applications.
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3.5.1 Navigation Panel
Use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure NBG4115 features.
The following table describes the sub-menus.
- Memory UsageThis shows what percentage of the heap memory the NBG4115 is using.
System Setting
- FirewallThis shows whether the firewall is active or not.
- Bandwidth
Management This shows whether bandwidth management is enabled or not.
- UPnPThis shows whether UPnP is active or not.
Interface Status
InterfaceThis displays the NBG4115 port types. The port types are: WAN,LAN and
WLAN.
StatusFor the 3G, LAN and WAN ports, this field displays Down (line is down) or
Up (line is up or connected).
For the WLAN, it displays Up when the WLAN is enabled or Down when
the WLAN is disabled.
RateFor the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or N/A
when the line is disconnected.
For the WAN port, it displays the port speed and duplex setting if you’re
using Ethernet encapsulation and Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to
trigger a call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE or PPTP
encapsulation. This field displays N/A when the line is disconnected.
For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN
is enabled and N/A when the WLAN is disabled.
Summary
DHCP TableUse this screen to view current DHCP client information.
Packet StatisticsUse this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.
WLAN Station StatusUse this screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated
to the NBG4115.
Table 3 Web Configurator Status Screen (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 4 Screens Summary
LINK TAB FUNCTION
Status This screen shows the NBG4115’s general device,
system and interface status information. Use this
screen to access the wizard, and summary statistics
tables.
Network
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Wireless LAN General Use this screen to configure wireless LAN.
MAC Filter Use the MAC filter screen to configure the NBG4115
to block access to devices or block the devices from
accessing the NBG4115.
Advanced This screen allows you to configure advanced wireless
settings.
QoS Use this screen to configure Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality
of Service (WMM QoS). WMM QoS allows you to
prioritize wireless traffic according to the delivery
requirements of individual services.
WPS Use this screen to configure WPS.
WPS Station Use this screen to add a wireless station using WPS.
Scheduling Use this screen to schedule the times the Wireless
LAN is enabled.
WAN Internet
Connection This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters,
WAN IP address assignment, DNS servers and the
WAN MAC address.
Advanced Use this screen to configure other advanced
properties.
LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and
subnet mask.
DHCP Server General Use this screen to enable the NBG4115’s DHCP server.
Advanced Use this screen to assign IP addresses to specific
individual computers based on their MAC addresses
and to have DNS servers assigned by the DHCP
server.
Client List Use this screen to view current DHCP client
information and to always assign an IP address to a
MAC address (and host name).
NAT General Use this screen to enable NAT.
Application Use this screen to configureservers behind the
NBG4115.
Advanced Use this screen to change your NBG4115’s port
triggering settings.
DDNS General Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.
Security
Firewall General Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall.
Services This screen shows a summary of the firewall rules,
and allows you to edit/add a firewall rule.
Content Filter Filter Use this screen to block certain web features and
sites containing certain keywords in the URL.
Management
Static Route IP Static
Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes.
Table 4 Screens Summary
LINK TAB FUNCTION
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3.5.2 Summary: DHCP Table
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows
individual clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can
configure the NBG4115’s LAN as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a
server, the NBG4115 provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If DHCP
service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on that network, or else
the computer must be manually configured.
Click the DHCP Table (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only
information here relates to your DHCP status. The DHCP table shows current
Bandwidth
Management General Use this screen to use pre-configured bandwidth
management profiles for how your NBG4115
manages incoming and outgoing data.
Advanced Use this screen to create your own bandwidth
management profile for how your NBG4115 manages
incoming and outgoing data.
Remote
MGMT WWW Use this screen to configure through which
interface(s) and from which IP address(es) users can
use HTTP to manage the NBG4115.
UPnP General Use this screen to enable UPnP on the NBG4115.
Maintenance
System General Use this screen to view and change administrative
settings such as system and domain names,
password and inactivity timer.
Time Setting Use this screen to change your NBG4115’s time and
date.
Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories
that you selected.
Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your NBG4115.
Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore the
configuration or reset the factory defaults to your
NBG4115.
Restart This screen allows you to reboot the NBG4115 without
turning the power off.
Sys OP Mode General This screen allows you to select whether your device
acts as a Router or a Access Point.
Language Language This screen allows you to select the language you
prefer.
Table 4 Screens Summary
LINK TAB FUNCTION
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DHCP client information (including IP Address,HostName and MAC Address)
of all network clients using the NBG4115’s DHCP server.
Figure 6 Summary: DHCP Table
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
3.5.3 Summary: Packet Statistics
Click the Packet Statistics (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-
only information here includes port status, packet specific statistics and the
"system up time". The Poll Interval(s) field is configurable and is used for
refreshing the screen.
Figure 7 Summary: Packet Statistics
Table 5 Summary: DHCP Table
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of the host computer.
IP AddressThis field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.
Host Name This field displays the computer host name.
MAC AddressThis field shows the MAC address of the computer with the name in the
Host Name field.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address
which uniquely identifies a device. The MAC address is assigned at the
factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
RefreshClick Refresh to renew the screen.
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
3.5.4 Summary: WLAN Station Status
Click the WLAN Station Status (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. View
the wireless stations that are currently associated to the NBG4115 in the
Association List. Association means that a wireless client (for example, your
network or computer with a wireless network card) has connected successfully to
the AP (or wireless router) using the same SSID, channel and security settings.
Figure 8 Summary: Wireless Association List
Table 6 Summary: Packet Statistics
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Port This is the NBG4115’s port type.
Status For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or
Down when the line is disconnected.
For the WAN port, it displays the port speed and duplex setting if
you’re using Ethernet encapsulation and Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial
(starting to trigger a call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're using
PPPoE or PPTP encapsulation. This field displays Down when the line
is disconnected.
For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the
WLAN is enabled and Down when the WLAN is disabled.
TxPkts This is the number of transmitted packets on this port.
RxPkts This is the number of received packets on this port.
Collisions This is the number of collisions on this port.
Tx B/s This displays the transmission speed in bytes per second on this port.
Rx B/s This displays the reception speed in bytes per second on this port.
System Up Time This is the total time the NBG4115 has been on.
Poll Interval(s) Enter the time interval for refreshing statistics in this field.
Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll
Interval(s) field.
Stop Click Stop to stop refreshing statistics.
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 7 Summary: Wireless Association List
LABEL DESCRIPTION
#This is the index number of an associated wireless station.
MAC Address This field displays the MAC address of an associated wireless station.
Association Time This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the
NBG4115’s WLAN network.
Refresh Click Refresh to reload the list.
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CHAPTER 4
Connection Wizard
4.1 Overview
This chapter provides information on the wizard setup screens in the Web
Configurator.
4.2 Wizard Setup
The Web Configurator’s wizard setup helps you configure your device to access the
Internet. Refer to your ISP (Internet Service Provider) checklist in the Quick Start
Guide to know what to enter in each field. Leave a field blank if you don’t have
that information.
1After you access the NBG4115 Web Configurator, click the Go to Wizard setup
hyperlink.
You can click Go to Advanced setup hyperlink to skip this wizard setup and
configure basic or advanced features accordingly.
Figure 9 Select Wizard or Advanced Mode
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2Choose a language by clicking on the language’s button. The screen will update.
Click the Next button to proceed to the next screen.
Figure 10 Select a Language
3Read the on-screen information and click Next.
Figure 11 Welcome to the Connection Wizard
4.3 STEP 1: System Information
System Information contains administrative and system-related information.
4.3.1 System Name
System Name is for identification purposes. However, because some ISPs check
this name you should enter your computer's "Computer Name".
•In Windows 2000, click Start > Settings > Control Panel and then double-
click System. Click the Network Identification tab and then the Properties
button. Note the entry for the Computer name field and enter it as the
System Name.
•In Windows XP, click Start > My Computer > View system information and
then click the Computer Name tab. Note the entry in the Full computer
name field and enter it as the NBG4115 System Name.
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4.3.2 Domain Name
The Domain Name entry is what is propagated to the DHCP clients on the LAN. If
you leave this blank, the domain name obtained by DHCP from the ISP is used.
While you must enter the host name (System Name) on each individual computer,
the domain name can be assigned from the NBG4115 via DHCP.
Click Next to configure the NBG4115 for Internet access.
Figure 12 Wizard Step 1: System Information
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 8 Wizard Step 1: System Information
LABEL DESCRIPTION
System
Name System Name is a unique name to identify the NBG4115 in an Ethernet
network. Enter a descriptive name. This name can be up to 30
alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes "-" and
underscores "_" are accepted.
Domain
Name Type the domain name (if you know it) here. If you leave this field blank,
the ISP may assign a domain name via DHCP. The domain name entered
by you is given priority over the ISP assigned domain name.
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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4.4 STEP 2: Wireless LAN
Set up your wireless LAN using the following screen.
Figure 13 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LAN
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 9 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LAN
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Name
(SSID) Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the
wireless LAN.
If you change this field on the NBG4115, make sure all wireless stations
use the same SSID in order to access the network.
Security Select a Security level from the drop-down list box.
Choose Auto (WPA2-PSK) to have the NBG4115 generate a pre-shared
key automatically. After you click Next a screen pops up displaying the
generated pre-shared key. Write down the key for use later when
connecting other wireless devices to your network. Click OK to continue.
Choose None to have no wireless LAN security configured. If you do not
enable any wireless security on your NBG4115, your network is accessible
to any wireless networking device that is within range. If you choose this
option, skip directly to Section 4.5 on page 43.
Choose Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) security to configure a Pre-
Shared Key. Choose this option only if your wireless clients support WPA-
PSK or WPA2-PSK respectively. If you choose this option, skip directly to
Section 4.4.1 on page 43.
Channel
Selection The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless devices
is called a channel. The device will automatically select the channel with
the least interference.
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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Note: The wireless stations and NBG4115 must use the same SSID, channel ID,
WPA-PSK (if WPA-PSK is enabled) or WPA2-PSK (if WPA2-PSK is enabled) for
wireless communication.
4.4.1 Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) Security
Choose Extend (WPA-PSK) or Extend (WPA2-PSK) security in the Wireless
LAN setup screen to set up a Pre-Shared Key.
Figure 14 Wizard Step 2: Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) Security
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
4.5 STEP 3: Internet Configuration
The NBG4115 offers four Internet connection types. They are Ethernet,PPP
over Ethernet, PPTP or Mobile 3G. The wizard attempts to detect which WAN
connection type you are using. If the wizard does not detect a connection type,
you must select one from the drop-down list box.
If you have an always-on connection, most likely you should use Ethernet. If your
connection requires a user name and password to authenticate your connection,
then choose either PPPoE or PPTP. Finally, if you are using a USB-based 3G
device, select the Mobile 3G option.
Table 10 Wizard Step 2: Extend (WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK) Security
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Pre-Shared
Key Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII or HEX characters. You can set up
the most secure wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless
LAN screens. You need to configure an authentication server to do this.
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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Note: When you select Mobile 3G, then all WAN connections are made through this.
Check with your ISP to make sure you use the correct type.
This wizard screen varies according to the connection type that you select.
Figure 15 Wizard Step 3: ISP Parameters.
The following table describes the labels in this screen,
4.5.1 Ethernet Connection
Choose Ethernet when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet. Continue to
Section 4.5.5 on page 49.
Figure 16 Wizard Step 3: Ethernet Connection
Table 11 Wizard Step 3: ISP Parameters
CONNECTION
TYPE DESCRIPTION
EthernetSelect the Ethernet option when the WAN port is used as a regular
Ethernet.
PPPoE Select the PPP over Ethernet option for a dial-up connection. If
your ISP gave you an IP address and/or subnet mask, then select
PPTP.
PPTPSelect the PPTP option for a dial-up connection.
Mobile 3GSelect the Mobile 3G option for a USB 3G connection.
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4.5.2 PPPoE Connection
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) functions as a dial-up connection.
PPPoE is an IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) standard specifying how a host
personal computer interacts with a broadband modem (for example DSL, cable,
wireless, etc.) to achieve access to high-speed data networks.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that
works with existing access control systems (for instance, RADIUS).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let end users access one of multiple
network services, a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the
service provider to easily create and offer new IP services for specific users.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both the subscriber and the ISP/
carrier, as it requires no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the
subscriber’s site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the NBG4115 (rather than individual
computers), the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed,
since the NBG4115 does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the
LAN's computers will have Internet access.
Figure 17 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE Connection
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 12 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE Connection
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameter for Internet Access
Connection
Type Select the PPP over Ethernet option for a dial-up connection.
Service Name Type the name of your service provider.
User Name Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
Password Type the password associated with the user name above.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
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4.5.3 PPTP Connection
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables
transfers of data from a remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private
Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based networks.
PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol, and virtual private networking over
public networks, such as the Internet.
Refer to the appendix for more information on PPTP.
Note: The NBG4115 supports one PPTP server connection at any given time.
Figure 18 Wizard Step 3: PPTP Connection
The following table describes the fields in this screen
Next Click Next to continue.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Table 12 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE Connection
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 13 Wizard Step 3: PPTP Connection
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Connection TypeSelect PPTP from the drop-down list box. To configure a PPTP client,
you must configure the User Name and Password fields for a PPP
connection and the PPTP parameters for a PPTP connection.
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User Name Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
Password Type the password associated with the User Name above.
PPTP Configuration
Server IP
Address Type the IP address of the PPTP server.
Connection ID/
Name Enter the connection ID or connection name in this field. It must follow
the "c:id" and "n:name" format. For example, C:12 or N:My ISP.
This field is optional and depends on the requirements of your ISP.
Get
automatically
from ISP
Select this radio button if your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP
address.
Use fixed IP
address Select this radio button, provided by your ISP to give the NBG4115 a
fixed, unique IP address.
My IP
Address Type the (static) IP address assigned to you by your ISP.
My IP Subnet
Mask Type the subnet mask assigned to you by your ISP (if given).
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Next Click Next to continue.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Table 13 Wizard Step 3: PPTP Connection
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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4.5.4 Mobile 3G
Mobile 3G is a set of international “third generation” standards for the sending and
receiving of voice, video, and wireless data in a mobile environment. For the
NBG4115, this type of wireless connection requires a connected 3G-compatible
USB device (see the included Quick Start Guide for installation information), and a
3G account with your local ISP.
Note: When you use Mobile 3G, all WAN connections are made through it.
Figure 19 Wizard Step 3: Mobile 3G Connection
The following table describes the fields in this screen
Table 14 Wizard Step 3: Mobile 3G Connection
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Connection TypeSelect Mobile3G from the drop-down list box.
PIN Code Enter the 4-digit 3G account PIN code given to you by your ISP.
APN Code Enter the Access Point Name (APN) given to you by your ISP.
Dial Number Enter the phone number that must be dialed in order to login to your
3G account from the NBG4115.
User Name Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
Password Type the password associated with the User Name above.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Next Click Next to continue.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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4.5.5 Your IP Address
The following wizard screen allows you to assign a fixed IP address or give the
NBG4115 an automatically assigned IP address depending on your ISP.
Figure 20 Wizard Step 3: Your IP Address
The following table describes the labels in this screen
4.5.6 WAN IP Address Assignment
Every computer on the Internet must have a unique IP address. If your networks
are isolated from the Internet, for instance, only between your two branch offices,
you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three
blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks.
You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or have it assigned by
a private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access
is through an ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your
Table 15 Wizard Step 3: Your IP Address
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Get automatically from
your ISP Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP
address. This is the default selection. If you choose this option,
skip directly to Section 4.5.10 on page 52.
Use fixed IP address
provided by your ISP Select this option if you were given IP address and/or DNS server
settings by the ISP. The fixed IP address should be in the same
subnet as your broadband modem or router.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Next Click Next to continue.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Table 16 Private IP Address Ranges
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
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local networks. On the other hand, if you are part of a much larger organization,
you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP addresses.
Note: Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;
always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address
assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets
and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.
4.5.7 IP Address and Subnet Mask
Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do
computers on a LAN share one common network number.
Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If
the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP
addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet
mask.
If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you
have a single user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when
the connection is established. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA)
reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any
other number unless you are told otherwise. Let's say you select 192.168.1.0 as
the network number; which covers 254 individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to
192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other words, the first three
numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an individual
computer on that network.
Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to
remember, for instance, 192.168.1.1, for your NBG4115, but make sure that no
other device on your network is using that IP address.
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your
NBG4115 will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address
that you entered. You don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the
NBG4115 unless you are instructed to do otherwise.
4.5.8 DNS Server Address Assignment
Use DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP
address and vice versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is
204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must
know the IP address of a computer before you can access it.
The NBG4115 can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
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1The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information
sheet, when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them
in the DNS Server fields in the Wizard and/or WAN> Internet Connection
screen.
2If the ISP did not give you DNS server information, leave the DNS Server fields
set to 0.0.0.0 in the Wizard screen and/or set to From ISP in the WAN>
Internet Connection screen for the ISP to dynamically assign the DNS server IP
addresses.
4.5.9 WAN IP and DNS Server Address Assignment
The following wizard screen allows you to assign a fixed WAN IP address and DNS
server addresses.
Figure 21 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server Addresses
The following table describes the labels in this screen
Table 17 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server Addresses
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WAN IP Address Assignment
My WAN IP AddressEnter your WAN IP address in this field. The WAN IP address
should be in the same subnet as your DSL/Cable modem or
router.
My WAN IP Subnet
Mask Enter the IP subnet mask in this field.
Gateway IP Address Enter the gateway IP address in this field.
System DNS Server Address Assignment (if applicable)
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP
address and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you
must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it. The NBG4115 uses a
system DNS server (in the order you specify here) to resolve domain names for DDNS and
the time server.
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4.5.10 WAN MAC Address
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC
address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal
characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
This screen allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using
the NBG4115’s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your
LAN or manually entering a MAC address. Once it is successfully configured, the
address will be copied to configuration file. It is advisable to clone the MAC
address from a computer on your LAN even if your ISP does not presently require
MAC address authentication.
Figure 22 Wizard Step 3: WAN MAC Address
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
Enter the DNS server's IP address in the fields provided.
If you do not configure a system DNS server, you must use IP
addresses when configuring DDNS and the time server.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Next Click Next to continue.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Table 17 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server Addresses
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 18 Example of Network Properties for LAN Servers with Fixed IP Addresses
Choose an IP address 192.168.1.2-192.168.1.32; 192.168.1.65-192.168.1.254.
Subnet mask 255.255.255.0
Gateway (or default route) 192.168.1.1(NBG4115 LAN IP)
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The following table describes the fields in this screen.
4.6 Connection Wizard Complete
Click Finish to complete the wizard setup.
Figure 23 Connection Wizard Complete
You have successfully set up your NBG4115 to operate on your network and
access the Internet.
Table 19 Wizard Step 3: WAN MAC Address
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Factory DefaultSelect Factory Default to use the factory assigned default MAC
address.
Clone the
computer’s MAC
address
Select this option and enter the IP address of the computer on the
LAN whose MAC you are cloning. It is advisable to clone the MAC
address from a computer on your LAN even if your ISP does not
presently require MAC address authentication.
Set WAN MAC
Address Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Next Click Next to continue.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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CHAPTER 5
AP Mode
5.1 Overview
This chapter discusses how to configure settings while your NBG4115 is set to AP
Mode. Many screens that are available in Router Mode are not available in AP
Mode.
Note: See Chapter 6 on page 63 for an example of setting up a wireless network in
AP mode.
Use your NBG4115 as an AP if you already have a router or gateway on your
network. In this mode your device bridges a wired network (LAN) and wireless
LAN (WLAN) in the same subnet. See the figure below for an example.
Figure 24 Wireless Internet Access in AP Mode
5.2 Setting your NBG4115 to AP Mode
1Log into the Web Configurator if you haven’t already. See the Quick start Guide for
instructions on how to do this.
AB
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2To set your NBG4115 to AP Mode, go to Maintenance > Sys OP Mode >
General and select Access Point.
Figure 25 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General
3A pop-up appears providing information on this mode. Click OK in the pop-up
message window. (See Section 22.2 on page 196 for more information on the
pop-up.) Click Apply. Your NBG4115 is now in AP Mode.
Note: You have to log in to the Web Configurator again when you change modes.
5.3 The Status Screen in AP Mode
Click on Status. The screen below shows the status screen in AP Mode.
Figure 26 Status: AP Mode
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The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.
Table 20 Web Configurator Status Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Device Information
System NameThis is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System >
General screen. It is for identification purposes.
Firmware VersionThis is the firmware version and the date created.
LAN Information
- MAC AddressThis shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC Address of your device.
- IP AddressThis shows the LAN port’s IP address.
- IP Subnet MaskThis shows the LAN port’s subnet mask.
- DHCPThis shows the LAN port’s DHCP role - None.
WLAN Information
- MAC AddressThis shows the wireless adapter MAC Address of your device.
- StatusThis shows the current status of the Wireless LAN - On,Off or Off by
scheduler.
- Name (SSID)This shows a descriptive name used to identify the NBG4115 in the
wireless LAN.
- ChannelThis shows the channel number which you select manually.
- Operating ChannelThis shows the channel number which the NBG4115 is currently using
over the wireless LAN.
- Security ModeThis shows the level of wireless security the NBG4115 is using.
- 802.11 ModeThis shows the IEEE 802.11 standard that the NBG4115 supports.
Wireless clients must support the same standard in order to be able to
connect to the NBG4115
- WPSThis shows the WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) Status. Click the status to
display Network > Wireless LAN > WPS screen.
System Status
System UptimeThis is the total time the NBG4115 has been on.
Current Date/TimeThis field displays your NBG4115’s present date and time.
System Resource
- CPU UsageThis displays what percentage of the NBG4115’s processing ability is
currently used. When this percentage is close to 100%, the NBG4115 is
running at full load, and the throughput is not going to improve anymore.
If you want some applications to have more throughput, you should turn
off other applications.
- Memory UsageThis shows what percentage of the heap memory the NBG4115 is using.
Interface Status
InterfaceThis displays the NBG4115 port types. The port types are: LAN and
WLAN.
StatusFor the LAN port, this field displays Down (line is down) or Up (line is up
or connected).
For the WLAN, it displays Up when the WLAN is enabled or Down when
the WLAN is disabled.
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5.3.1 Navigation Panel
Use the menu in the navigation panel to configure NBG4115 features in AP Mode.
The following screen and table show the features you can configure in AP Mode.
Figure 27 Menu: AP Mode
The following table describes the sub-menus.
RateFor the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting or N/A
when the line is disconnected.
For the WLAN, it displays the maximum transmission rate when the WLAN
is enabled and N/A when the WLAN is disabled.
Summary
Packet StatisticsUse this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.
WLAN Station StatusUse this screen to view the wireless stations that are currently associated
to the NBG4115.
Table 20 Web Configurator Status Screen (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 21 Screens Summary
LINK TAB FUNCTION
Status This screen shows the NBG4115’s general device, system
and interface status information. Use this screen to access
the wizard, and summary statistics tables.
Network
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5.4 LAN Settings
Use this section to configure your LAN settings while in AP Mode.
Click Network > LAN to see the screen below.
Wireless
LAN General Use this screen to configure wireless LAN.
MAC Filter Use the MAC filter screen to configure the NBG4115 to
block access to devices or block the devices from
accessing the NBG4115.
Advanced This screen allows you to configure advanced wireless
settings.
QoS Use this screen to configure Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality of
Service (WMM QoS). WMM QoS allows you to prioritize
wireless traffic according to the delivery requirements of
individual services.
WPS Use this screen to configure WPS.
WPS
Station Use this screen to add a wireless station using WPS.
Scheduling Use this screen to schedule the times the Wireless LAN is
enabled.
LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and subnet
mask or to get the LAN IP address from a DHCP server.
Maintenance
System General Use this screen to view and change administrative settings
such as system and domain names, password and
inactivity timer.
Time
Setting Use this screen to change your NBG4115’s time and date.
Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you
selected.
Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your NBG4115.
Configuratio
nUse this screen to backup and restore the configuration or
reset the factory defaults to your NBG4115.
Restart This screen allows you to reboot the NBG4115 without
turning the power off.
Sys OP
Mode General This screen allows you to select whether your device acts
as a Router or a Access Point.
Language This screen allows you to select the language you prefer.
Table 21 Screens Summary
LINK TAB FUNCTION
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Note: If you change the IP address of the NBG4115 in the screen below, you will need
to log into the NBG4115 again using the new IP address.
Figure 28 Network > LAN > IP
The table below describes the labels in the screen.
Table 22 Network > LAN > IP
5.5 WLAN and Maintenance Settings
The configuration of wireless and maintenance settings in AP Mode is the same as
for Router Mode.
•See Chapter 5 on page 69 for information on the configuring your wireless
network.
•See Maintenance and Troubleshooting (179) for information on the configuring
your Maintenance settings.
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Get from
DHCP Server Select this to let the DHCP server in the gateway assign the NBG4115 IP
address.
User Defined
LAN IP Select this to give the NBG4115 a static IP address.
IP Address Type the IP address in dotted decimal notatiion. The default setting is
192.168.1.2. If you change the IP address you will have to log in again
with the new IP address.
IP Subnet
Mask The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address.
Your NBG4115 will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the
IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use
the subnet mask computed by the NBG4115.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
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5.6 Logging in while in AP Mode
1Connect your computer to the LAN port of the NBG4115.
2The default IP address of the NBG4115 is “192.168.1.2”. In this case, your
computer must have an IP address in the range between “192.168.1.3” and
“192.168.1.254”.
3Click Start > Run on your computer in Windows.
4Type “cmd” in the dialog box.
5Type “ipconfig” to show your computer’s IP address. If your computer’s IP address
is not in the correct range then see Appendix D on page 233 for information on
changing your computer’s IP address.
6After you’ve set your computer’s IP address, open a web browser such as Internet
Explorer and type “192.168.1.2” as the web address in your web browser.
See Chapter 6 on page 63 for a tutorial on setting up a network with an AP.
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CHAPTER 6
Tutorials
6.1 Overview
This chapter provides tutorials for setting up your NBG4115.
6.2 Set Up a 3G Connection
This section shows you how to make a 3G connection with your NBG4115. There
are two ways to set up your 3G options.
1Use the Wizard, which was introduced in the Quick Start Guide. The wizard is
good for getting up and running in as little time as possible. It allows you to
configure the minimum number of options required to get connected.
2Use the Web Configurator’s Network options. This is handy because it gives you
access to other options not available in the Wizard, allowing you to have more
control over your device.
This tutorial shows you how to do the second one.
You will need the following information, which should be provided by your ISP:
FIELD DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE
PIN CodeThis is the 4-digit Personal
Identification Number (PIN) for
your 3G device’s SIM card.
1234
APN CodeThis is the Access Point Name
(APN) of the 3G network to which
you intend to connect.
mobile.p3.cz.co
gprsinternet
Dial NumberThis is the number used to instruct
your 3G device to make its data
connection to the 3G network.
*99#
*99***3#
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To set up a 3G connection:
1Connect to the Web Configurator, as described in the Quick Start Guide.
2When presented with the option to choose either Wizard or Advanced, click Go
to Advanced setup.
3Expand the Network submenu on the navigation pane, then click WAN.
User NameThis is your account user name.dcmchale
0b1ken@kashiik.org
PasswordThis is your account user name’s
password. *****
FIELD DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE
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4From the Connection Type menu, select Mobile 3G then configure your 3G
settings when the screen updates itself.f
5Click Apply to save your changes, then exit the Web Configurator.
Note: Once you set up and enable a 3G device, all incoming and outgoing network
connections are made through it and not the WAN port on your NBG4115.
6.3 Set Up the NBG4115 for Gaming
Gaming is a very popular online activity, and one that can be extremely bandwidth
sensitive. Some video games may have higher performance expectations than
other types of software. As such, they tend to require more finely tuned Quality of
Service (QoS) prioritization. If the data packets from a game are assigned a lower
priority by the NBG4115, then they may take longer to reach their destination; but
if they are given a higher priority, then they should arrive at their destination
marginally faster. This is because Internet servers that rely on QoS to sort packets
that are in transit generally pass higher priority packets on first, while lower
priority packets are held back slightly longer.
When this happens on a single server with a single data packet, your gameplay is
not affected. When it happens over 15 servers from beginning to end with
thousands of bytes of data, then the build up of low-priority latency can become
significant. For Massively Multiplayer Online (MMOs) and First Person Shooters
(FPS) (which account for 3-4% of all Internet-related traffic) a latency difference
of even 200 milliseconds is enough to ruin the gaming experience.
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Bandwidth management allows you to set up custom parameters on the NBG4115
so that whenever you play a game, the QoS is automatically upgraded to the
highest priority in order to ensure your game data packets are plucked first from
the pool of incoming information and sent on ahead of lower priority packets.
This tutorial shows you how to set up your NBG4115 for gaming.
1In the Web Configurator, expand the navigation pane’s Management category
and then select BandwidthMGMT
2Select the Advanced tab.
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3Enable the Gaming check box and set its Priority to High.
The following gaming ports are preconfigured on your NBG4115 and are enabled
when you select the ‘gaming’ Service in the Management > Bandwidth MGMT
> Advanced screen:
Note: If you need to customize specific ports, go to the next step. Otherwise, skip
ahead to step 5.
Table 23 Preconfigured Gaming Ports
APPLICATION TCP PORTS UDP PORTS
XBox 3603074, 3390, 3932, 55551900, 3776, 7777, 88,
3074
Playstation80, 443, 5223, 52233478, 3479, 3658, 4658
Battlenet40, 6112, 4000, 6113-
6119, 112
MSN Game Zone6667, 28800-290006667, 28800-29000
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4To create a custom QoS setting for a specific game, enter the following
information in the first available custom Priority Queue line:
Service: This is the name by which your custom service is labled. It can be
anything with the limitation that it cannot be longer than 10 characters.
Priority: Set this to High.
Specific Port: From the list, select the communication protocol your game uses.
In this example, our game uses TCP/IP so we choose TCP. If you are not sure,
then select Both. Enter the starting port in the first port range box, then enter
then last port in the second port range box. For our game, we used 6112 to 6119.
5Click Apply to save your changes, then exit the Web Configurator.
6.4 Set Up a Wireless Network with WPS
This section gives you an example of how to set up wireless network using WPS.
This example uses the NBG4115 as the AP and NWD210N as the wireless client
which connects to a notebook.
Note: The wireless client must be a WPS-aware device (for example, a WPS USB
adapter or PCI card).
There are two WPS methods for creating a secure connection. This tutorial shows
you how to do both.
•Push Button Configuration (PBC) - create a secure wireless network simply
by pressing a button. See Section 6.4.1 on page 68.This is the easier method.
•PIN Configuration - create a secure wireless network simply by entering a
wireless client's PIN (Personal Identification Number) in the NBG4115’s
interface. See Section 6.4.2 on page 70. This is the more secure method, since
one device can authenticate the other.
6.4.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC)
1Make sure that your NBG4115 is turned on and that it is within range of your
computer.
2Make sure that you have installed the wireless client (this example uses the
NWD210N) driver and utility in your notebook.
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3In the wireless client utility, find the WPS settings. Enable WPS and press the WPS
button (Start or WPS button)
4Log into NBG4115’s Web Configurator and press the Push Button button in the
Network > Wireless Client >WPS Station screen.
Note: Your NBG4115 has a WPS button located on its panel, as well as a WPS button
in its configuration utility. Both buttons have exactly the same function; you can
use one or the other.
Note: It doesn’t matter which button is pressed first. You must press the second
button within two minutes of pressing the first one.
The NBG4115 sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This
may take up to two minutes. Then the wireless client is able to communicate with
the NBG4115 securely.
The following figure shows you an example to set up wireless network and security
by pressing a button on both NBG4115 and wireless client (the NWD210N in this
example).
Figure 29 Example WPS Process: PBC Method
Wireless Client ZyXEL Device
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
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6.4.2 PIN Configuration
When you use the PIN configuration method, you need to use both NBG4115’s
configuration interface and the client’s utilities.
1Launch your wireless client’s configuration utility. Go to the WPS settings and
select the PIN method to get a PIN number.
2Enter the PIN number to the PIN field in the Network > Wireless LAN >WPS
Station screen on the NBG4115.
3Click Start buttons (or button next to the PIN field) on both the wireless client
utility screen and the NBG4115’s WPS Station screen within two minutes.
The NBG4115 authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration
settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. Then the wireless
client is able to communicate with the NBG4115 securely.
The following figure shows you the example to set up wireless network and
security on NBG4115 and wireless client (ex. NWD210N in this example) by using
PIN method.
Figure 30 Example WPS Process: PIN Method
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
Wireless Client ZyXEL Device
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6.5 Configure Wireless Security without WPS
This example shows you how to configure wireless security settings with the
following parameters on your NBG4115.
Follow the steps below to configure the wireless settings on your NBG4115.
The instructions require that your hardware is connected (see the Quick Start
Guide) and you are logged into the Web Configurator through your LAN connection
(see Section 3.2 on page 27).
1Open the Wireless LAN > General screen in the AP’s Web Configurator.
2Make sure the Enable Wireless LAN check box is selected.
3Enter SSID_Example3 as the SSID and select a channel.
4Set security mode to WPA-PSK and enter ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey in
the Pre-Shared Key field. Click Apply.
Figure 31 Tutorial: Network > Wireless LAN > General
SSID SSID_Example3
Channel 6
Security WPA-PSK
(Pre-Shared Key: ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey)
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5Open the Status screen. Verify your wireless and wireless security settings under
Device Information and check if the WLAN connection is up under Interface
Status.
Figure 32 Tutorial: Status Screen
6.5.1 Configure Your Notebook
Note: We use the ZyXEL M-302 wireless adapter utility screens as an example for the
wireless client. The screens may vary for different models.
1The NBG4115 supports IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and IEEE 802.11n wireless
clients. Make sure that your notebook or computer’s wireless adapter supports
one of these standards.
2Wireless adapters come with software sometimes called a “utility” that you install
on your computer. See your wireless adapter’s User’s Guide for information on
how to do that.
3After you’ve installed the utility, open it. If you cannot see your utility’s icon on
your screen, go to Start > Programs and click on your utility in the list of
programs that appears. The utility displays a list of APs within range, as shown in
the example screen below.
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4Select SSID_Example3 and click Connect.
Figure 33 Connecting a Wireless Client to a Wireless Network t
5Select WPA-PSK and type the security key in the following screen. Click Next.
Figure 34 Security Settings
6The Confirm Save window appears. Check your settings and click Save to
continue.
Figure 35 Confirm Save
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7Check the status of your wireless connection in the screen below. If your wireless
connection is weak or you have no connection, see the Troubleshooting section of
this User’s Guide.
Figure 36 Link Status
If your connection is successful, open your Internet browser and enter http://
www.zyxel.com or the URL of any other web site in the address bar. If you are able
to access the web site, your wireless connection is successfully configured.
6.6 Bandwidth Management
This section shows you how to configure the bandwidth management feature on
the NBG4115 to limit the bandwidth for specific kinds of outgoing traffic. ZyXEL's
bandwidth management feature allows you to specify bandwidth management
rules based on an application or subnet.
Use the Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced screen to configure
bandwidth management for your network.
6.6.1 Bandwidth Management by Application
For this example, your company’s customer support department wants to
prioritize VoIP, e-mail and MSN Messenger services.
In the Priority Queue table, VoIP and e-mail services are already pre-defined.
However, you still need to add MSN Messenger in the list (refer to Section 6.6.2 on
page 75).
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In the following screen, you set the priorities for VoIP and e-mail.
Figure 37 Tutorial: Priority Queue
Click Enable for the VoIP (SIP) service and set priority to High. Do the same for
E-mail. For the rest of the applications, click Enable if you need these services
and set the priority to Low.
Note: You can also leave the Enable field blank for the rest of the applications. In
doing so, the NBG4115 does not apply bandwidth management to these
services.
6.6.2 Custom Bandwidth Management
Aside from the VOIP and e-mail services, you need to set the priority for MSN
Messenger. To do this, add the service in the Priority Queue table of the
Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced screen.
Figure 38 Tutorial: Adding TFTP to Priority Queue
To add the MSN Messenger service in the Priority Queue:
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1Click Enable in one of the fields for additional services.
2Add MSN as the service name.
3Set the priority for this to High.
4For the port, choose TCP from the drop-down menu and enter 1863 in the
Specific Port field.
Your priority table should now have the VoIP, e-mail and MSN Messenger services
priorities set to High.
6.6.3 Bandwidth Management by IP or IP Range
For this example, your company’s 20th anniversary is coming up. You want to use
the multimedia room’s Internet connection to upload some videos to the website.
You also use this room for video conferences, radio broadcasts, live video
streaming, and so on throughout the day. While these media-heavy activities are
going on, you still want to keep uploading the videos in the background. As such,
you want to dedicate the minimum amount of bandwidth for this traffic.
You know the following:
•Multimedia room’s LAN IP range: 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.34
•IP Address of the computer uploading through FTP: 192.168.1.34
•Services you want to configure:
Click the Edit icon in Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced to open
the following screen. The following screen appears.
Figure 39 Tutorial: Bandwidth Allocation Example
REAL AUDIO TCP 7070
RTSPTCP or UDP 554
VDO LIVETCP 7000
FTPTCP 20 ~ 21
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Enter the following values for each service you want to add. For this tutorial, you
need to add each of the following service (see table below) and click Apply.
After adding these services, go to Management > Bandwidth MGMT >
Advanced and check if you have the correct values.
Figure 40 Tutorial: Bandwidth Allocation Example
Note: The Policy column displays either Max (maximum) or Min (minimum). This is
directly directed to the value in the Rate column. For example, you selected
Min and entered 30M as the rate for the VoIP service. The NBG4115 allocates
at least 30 megabytes for the VoIP service.
Refer to Appedix F on page 263 for a list of common services that you can add in
the Bandwidth Mgnt screen.
Table 24
FIELDS SERVICES
REAL AUDIO RTSP VDO LIVE FTP
ActiveCheck this to turn on this bandwidth management rule.
DirectionSelect Both applies bandwidth management to traffic
that the NBG4115 forwards to both the LAN and the
WAN.
Select To WAN
LAN IP
Range Enter 192.168.1.1 ~ 192.168.1.33.Enter
192.168.1.34
Protocol TCPTCP or UDPTCP TCP
Port Range 7070554700020 ~ 21
Policy MinMax
RateSelect 30M as the minimum bandwidth allowed. Select 64K
ApplyClick this to add the rule to the Bandwidth Allocation table.
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PART II
Network
Wireless LAN (81)
WAN (101)
LAN (115)
DHCP Server (119)
NAT (125)
DDNS (135)
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CHAPTER 7
Wireless LAN
7.1 Overview
This chapter discusses how to configure the wireless network settings in your
NBG4115. See the appendices for more detailed information about wireless
networks.
The following figure provides an example of a wireless network.
Figure 41 Example of a Wireless Network
The wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network,
devices A and B are called wireless clients. The wireless clients use the access
point (AP) to interact with other devices (such as the printer) or with the Internet.
Your NBG4115 is the AP.
AP
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7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the General screen (Section 7.2 on page 85) to enable the Wireless LAN,
enter the SSID and select the wireless security mode.
•Use the MAC Filter screen (Section 7.3 on page 90) to allow or deny wireless
stations based on their MAC addresses from connecting to the NBG4115.
•Use the Advanced screen (Section 7.4 on page 92) to allow intra-BSS
networking and set the RTS/CTS Threshold.
•Use the QoS screen (Section 7.5 on page 94) to ensure Quality of Service (QoS)
in your wireless network.
•Use the WPS screen (Section 7.6 on page 97) to quickly set up a wireless
network with strong security, without having to configure security settings
manually.
•Use the WPS Station screen (Section 7.7 on page 98) to add a wireless station
using WPS.
•Use the Scheduling screen (Section 7.8 on page 99) to set the times your
wireless LAN is turned on and off.
7.1.2 What You Should Know
Every wireless network must follow these basic guidelines.
•Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use the same SSID.
The SSID is the name of the wireless network. It stands for Service Set IDentity.
•If two wireless networks overlap, they should use different channels.
Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific
channel, or frequency, to send and receive information.
•Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use security compatible
with the AP.
Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also
protect the information that is sent in the wireless network.
Wireless Security Overview
The following sections introduce different types of wireless security you can set up
in the wireless network.
SSID
Normally, the AP acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area.
You can hide the SSID instead, in which case the AP does not broadcast the SSID.
In addition, you should change the default SSID to something that is difficult to
guess.
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This type of security is fairly weak, however, because there are ways for
unauthorized devices to get the SSID. In addition, unauthorized devices can still
see the information that is sent in the wireless network.
MAC Address Filter
Every wireless client has a unique identification number, called a MAC address.1 A
MAC address is usually written using twelve hexadecimal characters2; for
example, 00A0C5000002 or 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. To get the MAC address for each
wireless client, see the appropriate User’s Guide or other documentation.
You can use the MAC address filter to tell the AP which wireless clients are allowed
or not allowed to use the wireless network. If a wireless client is allowed to use the
wireless network, it still has to have the correct settings (SSID, channel, and
security). If a wireless client is not allowed to use the wireless network, it does not
matter if it has the correct settings.
This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless
network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized devices to get the MAC
address of an authorized wireless client. Then, they can use that MAC address to
use the wireless network.
User Authentication
You can make every user log in to the wireless network before they can use it.
This is called user authentication. However, every wireless client in the wireless
network has to support IEEE 802.1x to do this.
For wireless networks, there are two typical places to store the user names and
passwords for each user.
•In the AP: this feature is called a local user database or a local database.
•In a RADIUS server: this is a server used in businesses more than in homes.
If your AP does not provide a local user database and if you do not have a RADIUS
server, you cannot set up user names and passwords for your users.
Unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless
network, even if they cannot use the wireless network. Furthermore, there are
ways for unauthorized wireless users to get a valid user name and password.
Then, they can use that user name and password to use the wireless network.
1.Some wireless devices, such as scanners, can detect wireless networks but cannot use wireless networks.
These kinds of wireless devices might not have MAC addresses.
2.Hexadecimal characters are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.
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Local user databases also have an additional limitation that is explained in the
next section.
Encryption
Wireless networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the
wireless network. Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret
code, you cannot understand the message.
The types of encryption you can choose depend on the type of user
authentication. (See Section on page 83 for information about this.)
For example, if the wireless network has a RADIUS server, you can choose WPA
or WPA2. If users do not log in to the wireless network, you can choose no
encryption, Static WEP,WPA-PSK, or WPA2-PSK.
Usually, you should set up the strongest encryption that every wireless client in
the wireless network supports. For example, suppose the AP does not have a local
user database, and you do not have a RADIUS server. Therefore, there is no user
authentication. Suppose the wireless network has two wireless clients. Device A
only supports WEP, and device B supports WEP and WPA. Therefore, you should
set up Static WEP in the wireless network.
Note: It is recommended that wireless networks use WPA-PSK,WPA, or stronger
encryption. IEEE 802.1x and WEP encryption are better than none at all, but it
is still possible for unauthorized devices to figure out the original information
pretty quickly.
Note: It is not possible to use WPA-PSK,WPA or stronger encryption with a local user
database. In this case, it is better to set up stronger encryption with no
authentication than to set up weaker encryption with the local user database.
When you select WPA2 or WPA2-PSK in your NBG4115, you can also select an
option (WPA Compatible) to support WPA as well. In this case, if some wireless
clients support WPA and some support WPA2, you should set up WPA2-PSK or
WPA2 (depending on the type of wireless network login) and select the WPA
Compatible option in the NBG4115.
Table 25 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication
NO AUTHENTICATION RADIUS SERVER
Weakest No SecurityWPA
Static WEP
WPA-PSK
Stronges
tWPA2-PSKWPA2
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Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the wireless
network. The longer the key, the stronger the encryption. Every wireless client in
the wireless network must have the same key.
WPS
WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) is an industry standard specification, defined by the
WiFi Alliance. WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong
security, without having to configure security settings manually. Depending on the
devices in your network, you can either press a button (on the device itself, or in
its configuration utility) or enter a PIN (Personal Identification Number) in the
devices. Then, they connect and set up a secure network by themselves. See how
to set up a secure wireless network using WPS in the Section 6.4 on page 68.
7.2 General
Use this screen to enable the Wireless LAN, enter the SSID and select the wireless
security mode.
Note: If you are configuring the NBG4115 from a computer connected to the wireless
LAN and you change the NBG4115’s SSID, channel or security settings, you
will lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must
then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the NBG4115’s
new settings.
Click Network > Wireless LAN to open the General screen.
Figure 42 Network > Wireless LAN > General
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The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen.
See the rest of this chapter for information on the other labels in this screen.
Table 26 Network > Wireless LAN > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable
Wireless LAN Click the check box to activate wireless LAN.
Name(SSID) (Service Set IDentity) The SSID identifies the Service Set with which a
wireless station is associated. Wireless stations associating to the access
point (AP) must have the same SSID. Enter a descriptive name (up to 32
printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless LAN.
Hide SSID Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a
station cannot obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Channel
Selection Set the operating frequency/channel depending on your particular region.
Select a channel from the drop-down list box. The options vary depending
on the frequency band and the country you are in.
Refer to the Connection Wizard chapter for more information on channels.
This option is only available if Auto Channel Selection is disabled.
Auto Channel
Selection Select this check box for the NBG4115 to automatically choose the
channel with the least interference. Deselect this check box if you wish to
manually select the channel using the Channel Section field.
Operating
Channel This displays the channel the NBG4115 is currently using.
Channel
Width Select whether the NBG4115 uses a wireless channel width of 20 or 40
MHz. A standard 20 MHz channel offers transfer speeds of up to 150Mbps
whereas a 40MHz channel uses two standard channels and offers speeds
of up to 300 Mbps. Because not all devices support 40 MHz channels,
select Auto 20/40MHz to allow the NBG4115 to adjust the channel
bandwidth automatically.
Security
Mode Select WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK to add security on this wireless
network. The wireless clients which want to associate to this network
must have same wireless security settings as this device. After you select
to use a security, additional options appears in this screen. See 7.2.2 and
7.2.3 sections. Or you can select No Security to allow any client to
associate this network without authentication.
Note: If you enable the WPS function, only No Security,WPA-PSK
and WPA2-PSK are available in this field.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
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7.2.1 No Security
Select No Security to allow wireless stations to communicate with the access
points without any data encryption.
Note: If you do not enable any wireless security on your NBG4115, your network is
accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.
Figure 43 Network > Wireless LAN > General: No Security
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
7.2.2 WEP Encryption
WEP encryption scrambles the data transmitted between the wireless stations and
the access points to keep network communications private. It encrypts unicast
and multicast communications in a network. Both the wireless stations and the
access points must use the same WEP key.
Your NBG4115 allows you to configure up to four 64-bit or 128-bit WEP keys but
only one key can be enabled at any one time.
Table 27 Wireless No Security
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Security
Mode Choose No Security from the drop-down list box.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
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In order to configure and enable WEP encryption; click Network > Wireless LAN
to display the General screen. Select Static WEP from the Security Mode list.
Figure 44 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEP
The following table describes the wireless LAN security labels in this screen.
Table 28 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WEP
Encryption Select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP to enable data encryption.
Authenticatio
n Method This field is activated when you select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP in the
WEP Encryption field.
Select Auto, Open System or Shared Key from the drop-down list box.
This field specifies whether the wireless clients have to provide the WEP
key to login to the wireless client. Keep this setting at Auto or Open
System unless you want to force a key verification before communication
between the wireless client and the ZyXEL Device occurs. Select Shared
Key to force the clients to provide the WEP key prior to communication.
ASCII Select this option in order to enter ASCII characters as WEP key.
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7.2.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
Click Network > Wireless LAN to display the General screen. Select WPA-PSK
or WPA2-PSK from the Security Mode list.
Figure 45 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
Hex Select this option in order to enter hexadecimal characters as a WEP key.
The preceding "0x", that identifies a hexadecimal key, is entered
automatically.
Key 1 to Key
4The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the NBG4115 and the
wireless stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission.
If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10
hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F").
If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26
hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F").
You must configure at least one key, only one key can be activated at any
one time. The default key is key 1.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
Table 28 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
7.3 MAC Filter
The MAC filter screen allows you to configure the NBG4115 to give exclusive
access to up to 16 devices (Allow) or exclude up to 16 devices from accessing the
NBG4115 (Deny). Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control)
address. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of
hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. You need to know the
MAC address of the devices to configure this screen.
Table 29 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WPA
Compatible This check box is available only when you select WPA2-PSK in the
Security Mode field.
Select the check box to have both WPA2 and WPA wireless clients be
able to communicate with the NBG4115 even when the NBG4115 is
using WPA2-PSK.
Pre-Shared Key WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses a simple common password for
authentication.
Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters
(including spaces and symbols).
Type a pre-shared key less than 64 case-sensitive HEX characters ("0-
9", "A-F").
Group Key
Update Timer The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the AP (if using
WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK key management) or RADIUSserver (if using
WPA/WPA2 key management) sends a new group key out to all
clients. The re-keying process is the WPA/WPA2 equivalent of
automatically changing the WEP key for an AP and all stations in a
WLAN on a periodic basis. Setting of the Group Key Update Timer is
also supported in WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK mode. The default is 1800
seconds (30 minutes).
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
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To change your NBG4115’s MAC filter settings, click Network > Wireless LAN >
MAC Filter. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 46 Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter
The following table describes the labels in this menu.
Table 30 Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select Yes from the drop down list box to enable MAC address filtering.
Filter Action Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC Address
table.
Select Deny to block access to the NBG4115, MAC addresses not listed will
be allowed to access the NBG4115
Select Allow to permit access to the NBG4115, MAC addresses not listed
will be denied access to the NBG4115.
Set This is the index number of the MAC address.
MAC
Address Enter the MAC addresses of the wireless station that are allowed or denied
access to the NBG4115 in these address fields. Enter the MAC addresses in
a valid MAC address format, that is, six hexadecimal character pairs, for
example, 12:34:56:78:9a:bc.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
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7.4 Advanced
Click Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 47 Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 31 Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Wireless Advanced Setup
RTS/CTS
Threshold Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS
(Request To Send)/CTS (Clear To Send) handshake.
Enter a value between 0 and 2432.
Fragmentatio
n Threshold The threshold (number of bytes) for the fragmentation boundary for
directed messages. It is the maximum data fragment size that can be
sent. Enter an even number between 256 and 2346.
This field is not available when Super Mode is selected.
Beacon
Interval When a wirelessly networked device sends a beacon, it includes with it a
beacon interval. This specifies the time period before the device sends the
beacon again. The interval tells receiving devices on the network how long
they can wait in low-power mode before waking up to handle the beacon.
This value can be set from 20ms to 1000ms. A high value helps save
current consumption of the access point.
DTIM Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM) is the time period after which
broadcast and multicast packets are transmitted to mobile clients in the
Active Power Management mode. A high DTIM value can cause clients to
lose connectivity with the network. This value can be set from 1 to 100.
PreambleA preamble affects the timing in your wireless network. There are two
preamble modes: long and short.If a device uses a different preamble
mode than the NBG4115 does, it cannot communicate with the NBG4115.
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CTS
Protection When set to None, the NBG4115 protects wireless communication against
interference.
When set to Always, the NBG4115 improves performance within mixed
wireless modes.
Select Auto to let the NBG4115 determine whether to turn this feature on
or off in the current environment.
Tx PowerThis field controls the transmission power of the NBG4115. When using
the NBG4115 with a notebook computer, select a lower transmission
power level when you are close to the AP in order to conserve battery
power.
Enable Intra-
BSS Traffic A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between
wireless clients or between a wireless client and a wired network client go
through one access point (AP).
Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless clients in the BSS. When Intra-
BSS is enabled, wireless client A and B can access the wired network and
communicate with each other. When Intra-BSS is disabled, wireless client
A and B can still access the wired network but cannot communicate with
each other.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
Table 31 Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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7.5 QoS
The QoS screen allows you to automatically give a service (such as e-mail, VoIP or
FTP) a priority level.
Click Network > Wireless LAN > QoS. The following screen appears.
Figure 48 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 32 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WMM QoS PolicySelect Default to have the NBG4115 automatically give a service a
priority level according to the ToS value in the IP header of packets
it sends. WMM QoS (Wifi MultiMedia Quality of Service) gives high
priority to voice and video, which makes them run more smoothly.
Select Application Priority from the drop-down list box to display
a table of application names, services, ports and priorities to which
you want to apply WMM QoS.
The table appears only if you select Application Priority in WMM
QoS Policy.
#This is the number of an individual application entry.
NameThis field displays a description given to an application entry.
ServiceThis field displays either FTP,WWW,E-mail or a User Defined
service to which you want to apply WMM QoS.
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7.5.1 Application Priority Configuration
Use this screen to edit a WMM QoS application entry. Click the edit icon under
Modify. The following screen displays.
Figure 49 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS: Application Priority Configuration
See Appendix F on page 263 for a list of commonly-used services and destination
ports. The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Dest PortThis field displays the destination port number to which the
application sends traffic.
PriorityThis field displays the priority of the application.
Highest - Typically used for voice or video that should be high-
quality.
High - Typically used for voice or video that can be medium-quality.
Mid - Typically used for applications that do not fit into another
priority. For example, Internet surfing.
Low - Typically used for non-critical “background” applications,
such as large file transfers and print jobs that should not affect
other applications.
Modify Click the Edit icon to open the Application Priority
Configuration screen. Modify an existing application entry or
create a application entry in the Application Priority
Configuration screen.
Click the Remove icon to delete an application entry.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the NBG4115.
Table 32 Network > Wireless LAN > QoS (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Network > Wireless LAN > QoS: Application Priority Configuration
LABEL DESCRIPTION
NameType a description of the application priority.
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ServiceThe following is a description of the applications you can prioritize
with WMM QoS. Select a service from the drop-down list box.
•E-Mail
Electronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer
network to specific groups or individuals. Here are some default
ports for e-mail:
POP3 - port 110
IMAP - port 143
SMTP - port 25
HTTP - port 80
•FTP
File Transfer Protocol enables fast transfer of files, including large
files that it may not be possible to send via e-mail. FTP uses port
number 21.
•WWW
The World Wide Web is an Internet system to distribute graphical,
hyper-linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
(HTTP) - a client/server protocol for the World Wide Web. The Web is
not synonymous with the Internet; rather, it is just one service on
the Internet. Other services on the Internet include Internet Relay
Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a
browser.
•User-Defined
User-defined services are user specific services configured using
known ports and applications.
Dest PortThis displays the port the selected service uses. Type a port number
in the field provided if you want to use a different port to the default
port.
PrioritySelect a priority from the drop-down list box.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Cancel Click Cancel to return to the previous screen.
Network > Wireless LAN > QoS: Application Priority Configuration (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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7.6 WPS
Use this screen to enable/disable WPS, view or generate a new PIN number and
check current WPS status.
To open this screen, click Network >Wireless LAN > WPS tab.
Figure 50 WPS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 33 WPS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WPS Setup
Enable WPS Select this to enable the WPS feature.
PIN Number This displays a PIN number last time system generated. Click Generate
to generate a new PIN number.
WPS Status
Status This displays Configured when the NBG4115 has connected to a
wireless network using WPS or when Enable WPS is selected and
wireless or wireless security settings have been changed. The current
wireless and wireless security settings also appear in the screen.
This displays Unconfigured if WPS is disabled and there are no
wireless or wireless security changes on the NBG4115 or you click
Release_Configuration to remove the configured wireless and
wireless security settings.
Release
Configuration This button is only available when the WPS status displays Configured.
Click this button to remove all configured wireless and wireless security
settings for WPS connections on the NBG4115.
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7.7 WPS Station
Use this screen when you want to add a wireless station using WPS. To open this
screen, click Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station tab.
Note: Note: After you click Push Button on this screen, you have to press a similar
button in the wireless station utility within 2 minutes. To add the second wireless
station, you have to press these buttons on both device and the wireless station
again after the first 2 minutes.
Figure 51 WPS Station
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Refresh Click Refresh to get this screen information afresh.
Table 33 WPS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 34 WPS Station
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Push Button Use this button when you use the PBC (Push Button Configuration)
method to configure wireless stations’s wireless settings. See Section
6.4.1 on page 68.
Click this to start WPS-aware wireless station scanning and the wireless
security information synchronization.
Or input
station’s PIN
number
Use this button when you use the PIN Configuration method to
configure wireless station’s wireless settings. See Section 6.4.2 on page
70.
Type the same PIN number generated in the wireless station’s utility.
Then click Start to associate to each other and perform the wireless
security information synchronization.
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7.8 Scheduling
Use this screen to set the times your wireless LAN is turned on and off. Wireless
LAN scheduling is disabled by default. The wireless LAN can be scheduled to turn
on or off on certain days and at certain times. To open this screen, click Network
>Wireless LAN > Scheduling tab.
Figure 52 Scheduling
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 35 Scheduling
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Wireless
LAN Scheduling Select this to enable Wireless LAN scheduling.
Action Select On or Off to specify whether the Wireless LAN is turned on or off.
This field works in conjunction with the Day and Except for the
following times fields.
Day Select Everyday or the specific days to turn the Wireless LAN on or off.
If you select Everyday you can not select any specific days. This field
works in conjunction with the Except for the following times field.
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Except for the
following times
(24-Hour
Format)
Select a begin time using the first set of hour and minute (min) drop
down boxes and select an end time using the second set of hour and
minute (min) drop down boxes. If you have chosen On earlierfor the
WLAN Status the Wireless LAN will turn off between the two times you
enter in these fields. If you have chosen Off earlierfor the WLAN Status
the Wireless LAN will turn on between the two times you enter in these
fields.
Note: Entering the same begin time and end time will mean the
whole day.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen.
Table 35 Scheduling
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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CHAPTER 8
WAN
8.1 Overview
This chapter discusses the NBG4115’s WAN screens. Use these screens to
configure your NBG4115 for Internet access.
A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another
network or the Internet. It connects your private networks (such as a LAN (Local
Area Network) and other networks, so that a computer in one location can
communicate with computers in other locations.
Figure 53 LAN and WAN
See the chapter about the connection wizard for more information on the fields in
the WAN screens.
8.2 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the Internet Connection (Section 8.3 on page 105) screen to enter your
ISP information and set how the computer acquires its IP, DNS and WAN MAC
addresses.
•Use the Advanced (Section 8.4 on page 113) screen to enable multicasting,
configure Windows networking and bridge.
WAN
LAN
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8.2.1 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Encapsulation Method
Encapsulation is used to include data from an upper layer protocol into a lower
layer protocol. To set up a WAN connection to the Internet, you need to use the
same encapsulation method used by your ISP (Internet Service Provider). If your
ISP offers a dial-up Internet connection using PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet) or PPTP
(Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol), they should also provide a username and
password (and service name) for user authentication.
WAN IP Address
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the NBG4115, which makes it accessible
from an outside network. It is used by the NBG4115 to communicate with other
devices in other networks. It can be static (fixed) or dynamically assigned by the
ISP each time the NBG4115 tries to access the Internet.
If your ISP assigns you a static WAN IP address, they should also assign you the
subnet mask and DNS server IP address(es) (and a gateway IP address if you use
the Ethernet or ENET ENCAP encapsulation method).
DNS Server Address Assignment
Use Domain Name System (DNS) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP
address and vice versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is
204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must
know the IP address of a computer before you can access it.
The NBG4115 can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
1The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information
sheet, when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, manually
enter them in the DNS server fields.
2If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses (along with the
NBG4115’s WAN IP address), set the DNS server fields to get the DNS server
address from the ISP.
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WAN MAC Address
The MAC address screen allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by
either using the factory default or cloning the MAC address from a computer on
your LAN. Choose Factory Default to select the factory assigned default MAC
Address.
Otherwise,click Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and enter
the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning. Once it is
successfully configured, the address will be copied to configuration file. It is
recommended that you clone the MAC address prior to hooking up the WAN Port.
Multicast
Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1
sender - 1 recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network).
Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the network - not everybody
and not just 1.
Figure 54 Multicast Example
In the multicast example above, systems A and B comprise one multicast group.
In multicasting, the server only needs to send one data stream and this is
delivered to systems A and B.
IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to
establish membership in a multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. The
NBG4115 supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP version 2 (IGMP-
v2).
At start up, the NBG4115 queries all directly connected networks to gather group
membership. After that, the NBG4115 periodically updates this information. IP
multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the NBG4115 LAN and/or WAN interfaces
in the Web Configurator (LAN; WAN). Select None to disable IP multicasting on
these interfaces.
NetBIOS over TCP/IP
NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) are TCP or UDP broadcast packets
that enable a computer to connect to and communicate with a LAN. For some dial-
Server
A
B
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up services such as PPPoE or PPTP, NetBIOS packets cause unwanted calls.
However it may sometimes be necessary to allow NetBIOS packets to pass
through to the WAN in order to find a computer on the WAN.
Auto-Bridge
In the rear panel of your NBG4115, you can see four LAN ports (1 to 2) and one
WAN port. The WAN port is for your Internet access connection, and the LAN ports
are for your network devices. The WAN port has a different IP address from the
LAN ports.
When you enable auto-bridging in your NBG4115, all three ports (2 LAN ports and
the WAN port) share the same IP address. This might happen if you put the
NBG4115 behind a NAT router that assigns it this IP address. When the NBG4115
is in auto-bridge mode, the NBG4115 acts as an AP and all the interfaces (LAN,
WAN and WLAN) are bridged. In this mode, your NAT, DHCP server and firewall on
the NBG4115 are not available. You do not have to reconfigure them if you return
to router mode.
Auto-bridging only works under the following conditions:
•The WAN IP must be 192.168.x.y (where x and y must be from zero to nine). If
the LAN IP address and the WAN IP address are in the same subnet but x or y
is greater than nine, the device operates in router mode (with firewall
available).
•The device must be in Router Mode (see Chapter 22 on page 195 for more
information) for auto-bridging to become active.
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8.3 Internet Connection
Use this screen to change your NBG4115’s Internet access settings. Click
Network > WAN. The screen differs according to the connection you choose.
8.3.1 Ethernet
This screen displays when you select the Ethernet connection type.
Figure 55 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet Encapsulation
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 36 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Connection Type You must choose the Ethernet option when the WAN port is used as a
regular Ethernet.
WAN IP Address Assignment
Get
automatically
from ISP
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This
is the default selection.
Use Fixed IP
Address Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
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8.3.2 PPPoE
The NBG4115 supports PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet). PPPoE is an
IETF standard (RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with
a broadband modem (DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection. The PPP over
Ethernet option is for a dial-up connection using PPPoE.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that
works with existing access control systems (for example Radius).
IP Address Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fixed IP
Address.
IP Subnet
Mask Enter the IP Subnet Mask in this field.
Gateway IP
Address Enter a Gateway IP Address (if your ISP gave you one) in this field.
DNS Servers
First DNS Server
Second DNS
Server
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server
information (and the NBG4115's WAN IP address). The field to the right
displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns.
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter
the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose User-
Defined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-Defined
changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second choice to
User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second User-
Defined changes to None after you click Apply.
Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not
configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in
order to access it.
WAN MAC
Address The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC
address by either using the NBG4115’s MAC address, copying the MAC
address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC
address.
Factory default Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC
Address.
Clone the
computer’s MAC
address - IP
Address
Select Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and enter
the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning.
Once it is successfully configured, the address will be copied to the rom
file. It will not change unless you change the setting or upload a
different ROM file.
Set WAN MAC
Address Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 36 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network
services, a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service
provider to easily create and offer new IP services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as
it requires no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the NBG4115 (rather than individual
computers), the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed,
since the NBG4115 does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the
LANs’ computers will have access.
This screen displays when you select the PPPoE connection type.
Figure 56 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 37 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Connection
Type Select PPP over Ethernet if you connect to your Internet via dial-up.
Service Name Type the PPPoE service name provided to you. PPPoE uses a service
name to identify and reach the PPPoE server.
User Name Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
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8.3.3 PPTP
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables secure
transfer of data from a remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private
Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based networks.
PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol and virtual private networking over
public networks, such as the Internet.
Password Type the password associated with the user name above.
Retype to
Confirm Type your password again to make sure that you have entered is
correctly.
Nailed-Up
Connection Select Nailed-Up Connection if you do not want the connection to time
out.
Idle Timeout This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the router
automatically disconnects from the PPPoE server.
DNS Servers
First DNS
Server
Second DNS
Server
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server information
(and the NBG4115's WAN IP address). The field to the right displays the
(read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP assigns.
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server. Enter
the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose User-
Defined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-Defined
changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second choice to
User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second User-
Defined changes to None after you click Apply.
Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do not
configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in
order to access it.
WAN MAC
Address The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC
address by using the NBG4115’s MAC address, copying the MAC address
from a computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address.
Factory default Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC
Address.
Clone the
computer’s
MAC address -
IP Address
Select Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and enter
the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning.
Once it is successfully configured, the address will be copied to the rom
file. It will not change unless you change the setting or upload a
different ROM file.
Set WAN MAC
Address Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 37 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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This screen displays when you select the PPTP connection type.
Figure 57 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 38 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Connection Type Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that
enables secure transfer of data from a remote client to a private
server, creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based
networks. PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol, and virtual
private networking over public networks, such as the Internet. The
NBG4115 supports only one PPTP server connection at any given
time.
To configure a PPTP client, you must configure the User Name and
Password fields for a PPP connection and the PPTP parameters for
a PPTP connection.
User Name Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
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Password Type the password associated with the User Name above.
Retype to Confirm Type your password again to make sure that you have entered is
correctly.
Nailed-up
Connection Select Nailed-Up Connection if you do not want the connection to
time out.
Idle Timeout This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the
NBG4115 automatically disconnects from the PPTP server.
PPTP Configuration
Server IP Address/
Domain Type the IP address of the PPTP server.
Connection ID/
Name Type your identification name for the PPTP server.
Get automatically
from ISP Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address.
This is the default selection.
Use Fixed IP
Address Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
My WAN IP
Address Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fixed IP
Address.
My IP Subnet
Mask Your NBG4115 will automatically calculate the subnet mask based
on the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing
subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the NBG4115.
WAN IP Address Assignment
Get automatically
from ISP Select this to get your WAN IP address from your ISP.
DNS Servers
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server
information (and the NBG4115's WAN IP address). The field to the
right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP
assigns.
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server.
Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you
chose User-Defined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-
Defined changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second
choice to User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the
second User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply.
Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do
not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a
computer in order to access it.
WAN MAC Address The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's
MAC address by either using the NBG4115’s MAC address, copying
the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering
a MAC address.
Factory default Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC
Address.
Table 38 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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8.3.4 Mobile 3G
3G is an International Telecommunication Union (ITU) mobile networking standard
that provides high-speed connectivity, greater network capacity, and a
significantly improved broadcast range to compatible devices.
This screen displays when you select the Mobile 3G connection type.
Note: The Mobile 3G option and its sub-options only appear when you have a 3G
USB device connected to the NBG4115.
Figure 58 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Mobile 3G
Clone the
computer’s MAC
address - IP
Address
Select Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and
enter the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you
are cloning. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be
copied to the rom file. It will not change unless you change the
setting or upload a different ROM file.
Set WAN MAC
Address Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 38 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 39 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Mobile 3G
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ISP Parameters for Internet Access
Connection Type 3G is .
To configure a Mobile 3G client, you must configure the User Name
and Password fields as well as PIN Code,APN Code, and Dial
Number.
Internet Service
Provider Select your ISP from this list, if it is pre-configured.
PIN Code Enter the 4-digit 3G account PIN code given to you by your ISP.
APN Code Enter the Access Point Name (APN) given to you by your ISP.
Dial Number Enter the phone number that must be dialed in order to login to
your 3G account from the NBG4115.
User Name Type the user name given to you by your ISP.
Password Type the password associated with the User Name above.
Nailed-up
Connection Select Nailed-Up Connection if you do not want the connection to
time out.
Idle Timeout This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the
NBG4115 automatically disconnects from the PPTP server.
DNS Servers
First DNS Server
Second DNS Server
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server
information (and the NBG4115's WAN IP address). The field to the
right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP
assigns.
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server.
Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you
chose User-Defined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-
Defined changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second
choice to User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the
second User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply.
Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do
not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a
computer in order to access it.
WAN MAC Address The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's
MAC address by either using the NBG4115’s MAC address, copying
the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering
a MAC address.
Factory default Select Factory default to use the factory assigned default MAC
Address.
Clone the
computer’s MAC
address - IP
Address
Select Clone the computer's MAC address - IP Address and
enter the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you
are cloning. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be
copied to the rom file. It will not change unless you change the
setting or upload a different ROM file.
Set WAN MAC
Address Select this option and enter the MAC address you want to use.
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8.4 Advanced
Use this screen to enable Multicast, allow Windows Networking and enable
Auto-bridge.
Note: The three categories shown in this screen are independent of each other.
To change your NBG4115’s advanced WAN settings, click Network > WAN >
Advanced. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 59 Network > WAN > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 39 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Mobile 3G
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Table 40 WAN > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Multicast Setup
Multicast Check this to enable multicasting. This applies to traffic routed from
the WAN to the LAN.
Leaving this blank may cause incoming traffic to be dropped or sent
to all connected network devices.
Windows Networking (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)
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Allow between LAN
and WAN Select this check box to forward NetBIOS packets from the LAN to
the WAN and from the WAN to the LAN. If your firewall is enabled
with the default policy set to block WAN to LAN traffic, you also
need to enable the default WAN to LAN firewall rule that forwards
NetBIOS traffic.
Clear this check box to block all NetBIOS packets going from the
LAN to the WAN and from the WAN to the LAN.
Allow Trigger Dial Select this option to allow NetBIOS packets to initiate calls.
Auto-bridge
Enable Auto-bridge
mode Select this option to have the NBG4115 switch to bridge mode
automatically when the NBG4115 gets a WAN IP address in the
range of 192.168.x.y (where x and y are from zero to nine) no
matter what the LAN IP address is.
ApplyClick Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 40 WAN > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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CHAPTER 9
LAN
9.1 Overview
This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many
computers are attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate
area, usually the same building or floor of a building. The LAN screens can help
you configure a LAN DHCP server, manage IP addresses, and partition your
physical network into logical networks.
The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server and manage IP
addresses.
9.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
Use the IP (Section 9.3 on page 117) screen to change your basic LAN settings.
9.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
DSL
LAN
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LAN and WAN IP Addresses
The actual physical connection determines whether the NBG4115 ports are LAN or
WAN ports. There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and
the other outside the WAN network as shown next.
Figure 60 LAN and WAN IP Addresses
The LAN parameters of the NBG4115 are preset in the factory with the following
values:
•IP address of 192.168.1.1 with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)
•DHCP server enabled with 32 client IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33.
These parameters should work for the majority of installations. If your ISP gives
you explicit DNS server address(es), read the embedded Web Configurator help
regarding what fields need to be configured.
IP Pool Setup
The NBG4115 is pre-configured with a pool of 32 IP addresses starting from
192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.64. This configuration leaves 31 IP addresses
(excluding the NBG4115 itself) in the lower range (192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.32)
for other server computers, for instance, servers for mail, FTP, TFTP, web, etc.,
that you may have.
Refer to Section 4.5.7 on page 50 for information on IP Address and Subnet Mask.
LAN TCP/IP
The NBG4115 has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and
DNS servers to systems that support DHCP client capability.
Refer to the Section 4.5.8 on page 50 section for information on System DNS
Servers.
WAN
LAN
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9.3 IP
Use this screen to change your basic LAN settings. Click Network > LAN.
Figure 61 Network > LAN > IP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 41 Network > LAN > IP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address Type the IP address of your NBG4115 in dotted decimal notation
192.168.1.1 (factory default).
IP Subnet Mask The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP
address. Your NBG4115 will automatically calculate the subnet mask
based on the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing
subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the NBG4115.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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CHAPTER 10
DHCP Server
10.1 Overview
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows
individual clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can
configure the NBG4115’s LAN as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a
server, the NBG4115 provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If DHCP
service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the
computer must be manually configured.
10.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the General (Section 10.2 on page 120) screen to enable the DHCP server.
•Use the Advanced (Section 10.3 on page 121) screen to assign IP addresses on
the LAN to specific individual computers based on their MAC Addresses.
•Use the Client List (Section 10.4 on page 122) screen to view the current DHCP
client information.
10.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
MAC Addresses
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC
address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal
characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. Find out the MAC addresses of your
network devices if you intend to add them to the DHCP Client List screen.
Refer to Section 4.5.7 on page 50 for information on IP Address and Subnet Mask.
Refer to the Section 4.5.8 on page 50 section for information on System DNS
Servers.
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10.2 General
Use this screen to enable the DHCP server. Click Network > DHCP Server.The
following screen displays.
Figure 62 Network > DHCP Server > General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 42 Network > DHCP Server > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable DHCP
Server Enable or Disable DHCP for LAN.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC
2132) allows individual clients (computers) to obtain TCP/IP
configuration at startup from a server. Leave the Enable DHCP
Server check box selected unless your ISP instructs you to do
otherwise. Clear it to disable the NBG4115 acting as a DHCP server.
When configured as a server, the NBG4115 provides TCP/IP
configuration for the clients. If not, DHCP service is disabled and
you must have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the
computers must be manually configured. When set as a server, fill in
the following four fields.
IP Pool Starting
Address This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP
address pool for LAN.
Pool Size This field specifies the size, or count of the IP address pool for LAN.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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10.3 Advanced
This screen allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual
computers based on their MAC addresses. You can also use this screen to
configure the DNS server information that the NBG4115 sends to the DHCP
clients.
To change your NBG4115’s static DHCP settings, click Network > DHCP Server
>Advanced. The following screen displays.
Figure 63 Network > DHCP Server > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 43 Network > DHCP Server > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Static DHCP Table
#This is the index number of the static IP table entry (row).
MAC Address Type the MAC address (with colons) of a computer on your LAN.
IP Address Type the LAN IP address of a computer on your LAN.
DNS Server
DNS Servers
Assigned by
DHCP Server
The NBG4115 passes a DNS (Domain Name System) server IP
address (in the order you specify here) to the DHCP clients. The
NBG4115 only passes this information to the LAN DHCP clients when
you select the Enable DHCP Server check box. When you clear the
Enable DHCP Server check box, DHCP service is disabled and you
must have another DHCP sever on your LAN, or else the computers
must have their DNS server addresses manually configured.
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10.4 Client List
The DHCP table shows current DHCP client information (including IP Address,
HostName and MAC Address) of network clients using the NBG4115’s DHCP
servers.
Configure this screen to always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host
name). Click Network > DHCP Server > Client List.
Note: You can also view a read-only client list by clicking the DHCP Table (Details...)
hyperlink in the Status screen.
First DNS Server
Second DNS
Server
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns DNS server
information (and the NBG4115's WAN IP address). The field to the
right displays the (read-only) DNS server IP address that the ISP
assigns.
Select User-Defined if you have the IP address of a DNS server.
Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. If you chose
User-Defined, but leave the IP address set to 0.0.0.0, User-Defined
changes to None after you click Apply. If you set a second choice to
User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second User-
Defined changes to None after you click Apply.
Select DNS Relay to have the NBG4115 act as a DNS proxy. The
NBG4115's LAN IP address displays in the field to the right (read-
only). The NBG4115 tells the DHCP clients on the LAN that the
NBG4115 itself is the DNS server. When a computer on the LAN sends
a DNS query to the NBG4115, the NBG4115 forwards the query to the
NBG4115's system DNS server (configured in the WAN > Internet
Connection screen) and relays the response back to the computer.
You can only select DNS Relay for one of the three servers; if you
select DNS Relay for a second or third DNS server, that choice
changes to None after you click Apply.
Select None if you do not want to configure DNS servers. If you do
not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a
computer in order to access it.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 43 Network > DHCP Server > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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The following screen displays.
Figure 64 Network > DHCP Server > Client List
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 44 Network > DHCP Server > Client List
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of the host computer.
IP AddressThis field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.
Host Name This field displays the computer host name.
MAC AddressThe MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address on a LAN
(Local Area Network) is unique to your computer (six pairs of
hexadecimal notation).
A network interface card such as an Ethernet adapter has a
hardwired address that is assigned at the factory. This address
follows an industry standard that ensures no other adapter has a
similar address.
ReserveSelect this check box in the DHCP Setup section to have the
NBG4115 always assign the IP address(es) to the MAC address(es)
(and host name(s)). After you click Apply, the MAC address and IP
address also display in the Advanced screen (where you can edit
them).
ApplyClick Apply to save your settings.
RefreshClick Refresh to reload the DHCP table.
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CHAPTER 11
NAT
11.1 Overview
NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP
address of a host in a packet. For example, the source address of an outgoing
packet, used within one network is changed to a different IP address known within
another network.
The figure below is a simple illustration of a NAT network. You want to assign ports
21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the example), port 80 to another
(B in the example) and assign a default server IP address of 192.168.1.35 to a
third (C in the example).
You assign the LAN IP addresses to the devices (A to D) connected to your
NBG4115. The ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network appears as a
single host on the Internet. All traffic coming from A to D going out to the Internet
use the IP address of the NBG4115, which is 192.168.1.1.
Figure 65 NAT Example
This chapter discusses how to configure NAT on the NBG4115.
Note: You must create a firewall rule in addition to setting up NAT, to allow traffic from
the WAN to be forwarded through the NBG4115.
A: 192.168.1.33
B: 192.168.1.34
C: 192.168.1.35
IP address
192.168.1.1
WANLAN
assigned by ISP
FTP, Telnet, SNMP
Port 80
Ports 21 to 25
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11.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the General (Section 11.2 on page 128) screen to enable NAT and set a
default server.
•Use the Application (Section 11.3 on page 129) screen to change your
NBG4115’s port forwarding settings.
•Use the Advanced (Section 11.5.3 on page 133) screen to change your
NBG4115’s trigger port settings.
11.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Inside/Outside
This denotes where a host is located relative to the NBG4115, for example, the
computers of your subscribers are the inside hosts, while the web servers on the
Internet are the outside hosts.
Global/Local
This denotes the IP address of a host in a packet as the packet traverses a router,
for example, the local address refers to the IP address of a host when the packet
is in the local network, while the global address refers to the IP address of the
host when the same packet is traveling in the WAN side.
Note: Inside/outside refers to the location of a host, while global/local refers to the IP
address of a host used in a packet.
An inside local address (ILA) is the IP address of an inside host in a packet when
the packet is still in the local network, while an inside global address (IGA) is the
IP address of the same inside host when the packet is on the WAN side. The
following table summarizes this information.
Note: NAT never changes the IP address (either local or global) of an outside host.
Table 45 NAT Definitions
ITEM DESCRIPTION
Inside This refers to the host on the LAN.
Outside This refers to the host on the WAN.
Local This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels
on the LAN.
Global This refers to the packet address (source or destination) as the packet travels
on the WAN.
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What NAT Does
In the simplest form, NAT changes the source IP address in a packet received from
a subscriber (the inside local address) to another (the inside global address)
before forwarding the packet to the WAN side. When the response comes back,
NAT translates the destination address (the inside global address) back to the
inside local address before forwarding it to the original inside host. Note that the
IP address (either local or global) of an outside host is never changed.
The global IP addresses for the inside hosts can be either static or dynamically
assigned by the ISP. In addition, you can designate servers, for example, a web
server and a telnet server, on your local network and make them accessible to the
outside world. If you do not define any servers , NAT offers the additional benefit
of firewall protection. With no servers defined, your NBG4115 filters out all
incoming inquiries, thus preventing intruders from probing your network. For
more information on IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631,The IP Network
Address Translator (NAT).
How NAT Works
Each packet has two addresses – a source address and a destination address. For
outgoing packets, the ILA (Inside Local Address) is the source address on the LAN,
and the IGA (Inside Global Address) is the source address on the WAN. For
incoming packets, the ILA is the destination address on the LAN, and the IGA is
the destination address on the WAN. NAT maps private (local) IP addresses to
globally unique ones required for communication with hosts on other networks. It
replaces the original IP source address in each packet and then forwards it to the
Internet. The NBG4115 keeps track of the original addresses and port numbers so
incoming reply packets can have their original values restored. The following
figure illustrates this.
Figure 66 How NAT Works
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11.2 General
Use this screen to enable NAT and set a default server. Click Network > NAT to
open the General screen.
Figure 67 Network > NAT > General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 46 Network > NAT > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
NAT Setup
Enable Network
Address
Translation
Network Address Translation (NAT) allows the translation of an Internet
protocol address used within one network (for example a private IP
address used in a local network) to a different IP address known within
another network (for example a public IP address used on the Internet).
Select the check box to enable NAT.
Default Server Setup
Server IP
Address In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default
server. A default server receives packets from ports that are not
specified in the Application screen.
If you do not assign a DefaultServerIP address, the NBG4115
discards all packets received for ports that are not specified in the
Application screen or remote management.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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11.3 Application
Port forwarding allows you to define the local servers to which the incoming
services will be forwarded. To change your NBG4115’s port forwarding settings,
click Network > NAT > Application. The screen appears as shown.
Note: If you do not assign a Default ServerIP address in the NAT >General screen,
the NBG4115 discards all packets received for ports that are not specified in
this screen or remote management.
Refer to Appendix F on page 263 for port numbers commonly used for particular
services.
Figure 68 Network > NAT > Application
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 47 NAT Application
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Add Application Rule
Active Select the check box to enable this rule and the requested service can
be forwarded to the host with a specified internal IP address.
Clear the checkbox to disallow forwarding of these ports to an inside
server without having to delete the entry.
Service Name Type a name (of up to 31 printable characters) to identify this rule in
the first field next to Service Name. Otherwise, select a predefined
service in the second field next to Service Name. The predefined
service name and port number(s) will display in the Service Name and
Port fields.
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Local Port
Range
Public Port
Range
Enter the start and end port(s) to be forwarded.
Server IP
Address Type the inside IP address of the server that receives packets from the
port(s) specified in the Port field.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Application Rules Summary
table.
Reset Click Reset to not save and return your new changes in the Service
Name and Port fields to the previous one.
Application Rules Summary
#This is the number of an individual port forwarding server entry.
Active This icon is turned on when the rule is enabled.
Name This field displays a name to identify this rule.
Local Start/End
Port
Public Start/End
Port
This field displays the port number(s).
Server IP
Address This field displays the inside IP address of the server.
Modify Click the Edit icon to display and modify an existing rule setting in the
fields under Add Application Rule.
Click the Remove icon to delete a rule.
Table 47 NAT Application (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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11.4 Advanced
To change your NBG4115’s trigger port settings, click Network > NAT >
Advanced. The screen appears as shown.
Note: Only one LAN computer can use a trigger port (range) at a time.
Figure 69 Network > NAT > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 48 Network > NAT > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
#This is the rule index number (read-only).
Name Type a unique name (up to 15 characters) for identification purposes. All
characters are permitted - including spaces.
Incoming Incoming is a port (or a range of ports) that a server on the WAN uses
when it sends out a particular service. The NBG4115 forwards the traffic
with this port (or range of ports) to the client computer on the LAN that
requested the service.
Start Port Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port
numbers.
End Port Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port
numbers.
Trigger The trigger port is a port (or a range of ports) that causes (or triggers)
the NBG4115 to record the IP address of the LAN computer that sent
the traffic to a server on the WAN.
Start Port Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port
numbers.
End Port Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port
numbers.
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11.5 Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the NBG4115
features described in this chapter.
11.5.1 NATPort Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers
A port forwarding set is a list of inside (behind NAT on the LAN) servers, for
example, web or FTP, that you can make accessible to the outside world even
though NAT makes your whole inside network appear as a single machine to the
outside world.
Use the Application screen to forward incoming service requests to the server(s)
on your local network. You may enter a single port number or a range of port
numbers to be forwarded, and the local IP address of the desired server. The port
number identifies a service; for example, web service is on port 80 and FTP on
port 21. In some cases, such as for unknown services or where one server can
support more than one service (for example both FTP and web service), it might
be better to specify a range of port numbers.
In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A
service request that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded
to the default server. If the default is not defined, the service request is simply
discarded.
Note: Many residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server
processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may
periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any
active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to your ISP.
11.5.2 NAT Port Forwarding Example
Let's say you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in
the example), port 80 to another (B in the example) and assign a default server IP
address of 192.168.1.35 to a third (C in the example). You assign the LAN IP
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 48 Network > NAT > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network appears as a
single host on the Internet.
Figure 70 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example
11.5.3 Trigger Port Forwarding
Some services use a dedicated range of ports on the client side and a dedicated
range of ports on the server side. With regular port forwarding you set a
forwarding port in NAT to forward a service (coming in from the server on the
WAN) to the IP address of a computer on the client side (LAN). The problem is
that port forwarding only forwards a service to a single LAN IP address. In order to
use the same service on a different LAN computer, you have to manually replace
the LAN computer's IP address in the forwarding port with another LAN
computer's IP address.
Trigger port forwarding solves this problem by allowing computers on the LAN to
dynamically take turns using the service. The NBG4115 records the IP address of
a LAN computer that sends traffic to the WAN to request a service with a specific
port number and protocol (a "trigger" port). When the NBG4115's WAN port
receives a response with a specific port number and protocol ("incoming" port),
the NBG4115 forwards the traffic to the LAN IP address of the computer that sent
the request. After that computer’s connection for that service closes, another
computer on the LAN can use the service in the same manner. This way you do not
need to configure a new IP address each time you want a different LAN computer
to use the application.
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11.5.4 Trigger Port Forwarding Example
The following is an example of trigger port forwarding.
Figure 71 Trigger Port Forwarding Process: Example
1Jane requests a file from the Real Audio server (port 7070).
2Port 7070 is a “trigger” port and causes the NBG4115 to record Jane’s computer IP
address. The NBG4115 associates Jane's computer IP address with the "incoming"
port range of 6970-7170.
3The Real Audio server responds using a port number ranging between 6970-7170.
4The NBG4115 forwards the traffic to Jane’s computer IP address.
5Only Jane can connect to the Real Audio server until the connection is closed or
times out. The NBG4115 times out in three minutes with UDP (User Datagram
Protocol), or two hours with TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).
11.5.5 Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports
1Trigger events only happen on data that is going coming from inside the NBG4115
and going to the outside.
2If an application needs a continuous data stream, that port (range) will be tied up
so that another computer on the LAN can’t trigger it.
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CHAPTER 12
DDNS
12.1 Overview
DDNS services let you use a domain name with a dynamic IP address.
12.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
Use the DDNS screen (Section 12.2 on page 136) to enable DDNS and configure
the DDNS settings on the NBG4115.
12.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
What is DDNS?
DDNS, or Dynamic DNS, allows you to update your current dynamic IP address
with one or many dynamic DNS services so that anyone can contact you (in
NetMeeting, CU-SeeMe, etc.). You can also access your FTP server or Web site on
your own computer using a domain name (for instance myhost.dhs.org, where
myhost is a name of your choice) that will never change instead of using an IP
address that changes each time you reconnect. Your friends or relatives will
always be able to call you even if they don't know your IP address.
DynDNS Wildcard
Enabling the wildcard feature for your host causes *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be
aliased to the same IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org. This feature is useful if
you want to be able to use, for example, www.yourhost.dyndns.org and still reach
your hostname.
Note: If you have a private WAN IP address, then you cannot use Dynamic DNS. You
must have a public WAN IP address.
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12.2 General
To change your NBG4115’s DDNS, click Network > DDNS. The screen appears as
shown.
Figure 72 Dynamic DNS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 49 Dynamic DNS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Dynamic DNS Setup
Enable Dynamic
DNS Select this check box to use dynamic DNS.
Service Provider Select the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider.
Dynamic DNS Type Select the type of service that you are registered for from your
Dynamic DNS service provider.
Host Name Enter a host names in the field provided. You can specify up to two
host names in the field separated by a comma (",").
User Name Enter your user name.
Password Enter the password assigned to you.
Token Enter your client authorization key provided by the server to
update DynDNS records.
This field is configurable only when you select
WWW.REGFISH.COM in the Service Provider field.
Enable Wildcard
Option Select the check box to enable DynDNS Wildcard.
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Enable off line
option This option is available when CustomDNS is selected in the DDNS
Type field. Check with your Dynamic DNS service provider to have
traffic redirected to a URL (that you can specify) while you are off
line.
IP Address Update Policy:
Use WAN IP Address Select this option to update the IP address of the host name(s) to
the WAN IP address.
Dynamic DNS
server auto detect
IP Address
Select this option to update the IP address of the host name(s)
automatically by the DDNS server. It is recommended that you
select this option.
Use specified IP
Address Type the IP address of the host name(s). Use this if you have a
static IP address.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 49 Dynamic DNS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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PART III
Security
Firewall (141)
Content Filtering (147)
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CHAPTER 13
Firewall
13.1 Overview
Use these screens to enable and configure the firewall that protects your NBG4115
and your LAN from unwanted or malicious traffic.
Enable the firewall to protect your LAN computers from attacks by hackers on the
Internet and control access between the LAN and WAN. By default the firewall:
•allows traffic that originates from your LAN computers to go to all of the
networks.
•blocks traffic that originates on the other networks from going to the LAN.
The following figure illustrates the default firewall action. User A can initiate an IM
(Instant Messaging) session from the LAN to the WAN (1). Return traffic for this
session is also allowed (2). However other traffic initiated from the WAN is blocked
(3 and 4).
Figure 73 Default Firewall Action
13.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the General screen(Section 13.2 on page 144) to enable or disable the
NBG4115’s firewall.
•Use the Services screen (Section 13.3 on page 144) screen enable service
blocking, enter/delete/modify the services you want to block and the date/time
you want to block them.
WAN
LAN
3
4
1
2
A
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13.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
What is a Firewall?
Originally, the term “firewall” referred to a construction technique designed to
prevent the spread of fire from one room to another. The networking term
"firewall" is a system or group of systems that enforces an access-control policy
between two networks. It may also be defined as a mechanism used to protect a
trusted network from a network that is not trusted. Of course, firewalls cannot
solve every security problem. A firewall is one of the mechanisms used to
establish a network security perimeter in support of a network security policy. It
should never be the only mechanism or method employed. For a firewall to guard
effectively, you must design and deploy it appropriately. This requires integrating
the firewall into a broad information-security policy. In addition, specific policies
must be implemented within the firewall itself.
Stateful Inspection Firewall
Stateful inspection firewalls restrict access by screening data packets against
defined access rules. They make access control decisions based on IP address and
protocol. They also "inspect" the session data to assure the integrity of the
connection and to adapt to dynamic protocols. These firewalls generally provide
the best speed and transparency; however, they may lack the granular application
level access control or caching that some proxies support. Firewalls, of one type or
another, have become an integral part of standard security solutions for
enterprises.
About the NBG4115 Firewall
The NBG4115’s firewall feature physically separates the LAN and the WAN and
acts as a secure gateway for all data passing between the networks.
It is a stateful inspection firewall and is designed to protect against Denial of
Service attacks when activated (clickthe General tab under Firewall and then
click the EnableFirewall check box). The NBG4115's purpose is to allow a
private Local Area Network (LAN) to be securely connected to the Internet. The
NBG4115 can be used to prevent theft, destruction and modification of data, as
well as log events, which may be important to the security of your network.
The NBG4115 is installed between the LAN and a broadband modem connecting to
the Internet. This allows it to act as a secure gateway for all data passing between
the Internet and the LAN.
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The NBG4115 has one Ethernet WAN port and four Ethernet LAN ports, which are
used to physically separate the network into two areas.The WAN (Wide Area
Network) port attaches to the broadband (cable or DSL) modem to the Internet.
The LAN (Local Area Network) port attaches to a network of computers, which
needs security from the outside world. These computers will have access to
Internet services such as e-mail, FTP and the World Wide Web. However, "inbound
access" is not allowed (by default) unless the remote host is authorized to use a
specific service.
Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall
1Change the default password via Web Configurator.
2Think about access control before you connect to the network in any way,
including attaching a modem to the port.
3Limit who can access your router.
4Don't enable any local service (such as NTP) that you don't use. Any enabled
service could present a potential security risk. A determined hacker might be able
to find creative ways to misuse the enabled services to access the firewall or the
network.
5For local services that are enabled, protect against misuse. Protect by configuring
the services to communicate only with specific peers, and protect by configuring
rules to block packets for the services at specific interfaces.
6Protect against IP spoofing by making sure the firewall is active.
7Keep the firewall in a secured (locked) room.
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13.2 General
Use this screen to enable or disable the NBG4115’s firewall, and set up firewall
logs. Click Security > Firewall to open the General screen.
Figure 74 Security > Firewall > General l
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
13.3 Services
If an outside user attempts to probe an unsupported port on your NBG4115, an
ICMP response packet is automatically returned. This allows the outside user to
know the NBG4115 exists. Use this screen to prevent the ICMP response packet
from being sent. This keeps outsiders from discovering your NBG4115 when
unsupported ports are probed.
You can also use this screen to enable service blocking, enter/delete/modify the
services you want to block and the date/time you want to block them.
Table 50 Security > Firewall > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable FirewallSelect this check box to activate the firewall. The NBG4115 performs
access control and protects against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks
when the firewall is activated.
Apply Click Apply to save the settings.
Reset Click Reset to start configuring this screen again.
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Click Security > Firewall > Services. The screen appears as shown next.
Figure 75 Security > Firewall > Services l
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 51 Security > Firewall > Services
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol is a message control and error-
reporting protocol between a host server and a gateway to the Internet.
ICMP uses Internet Protocol (IP) datagrams, but the messages are
processed by the TCP/IP software and directly apparent to the
application user.
Respond to Ping
on The NBG4115 will not respond to any incoming Ping requests when
Disable is selected. Select LAN to reply to incoming LAN Ping requests.
Select WAN to reply to incoming WAN Ping requests. Otherwise select
LAN & WAN to reply to all incoming LAN and WAN Ping requests.
Do not respond
to requests for
unauthorized
services
Select this option to prevent hackers from finding the NBG4115 by
probing for unused ports. If you select this option, the NBG4115 will not
respond to port request(s) for unused ports, thus leaving the unused
ports and the NBG4115 unseen. By default this option is not selected
and the NBG4115 will reply with an ICMP Port Unreachable packet for a
port probe on its unused UDP ports, and a TCP Reset packet for a port
probe on its unused TCP ports.
Note that the probing packets must first traverse the NBG4115's firewall
mechanism before reaching this anti-probing mechanism. Therefore if
the firewall mechanism blocks a probing packet, the NBG4115 reacts
based on the firewall policy, which by default, is to send a TCP reset
packet for a blocked TCP packet. You can use the command "sys firewall
tcprst rst [on|off]" to change this policy. When the firewall mechanism
blocks a UDP packet, it drops the packet without sending a response
packet.
Apply Click Apply to save the settings.
Reset Click Reset to start configuring this screen again.
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CHAPTER 14
Content Filtering
14.1 Overview
This chapter provides a brief overview of content filtering using the embedded
web GUI.
Internet content filtering allows you to create and enforce Internet access policies
tailored to your needs. Content filtering is the ability to block certain web features
or specific URL keywords.
14.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
Use the Filter (Section 14.2 on page 148) screen to restrict web features, add
keywords for blocking and designate a trusted computer.
14.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Content Filtering Profiles
Content filtering allows you to block certain web features, such as cookies, and/or
block access to specific web sites. For example, you can configure one policy that
blocks John Doe’s access to arts and entertainment web pages.
A content filtering profile conveniently stores your custom settings for the
following features.
Keyword Blocking URL Checking
The NBG4115 checks the URL’s domain name (or IP address) and file path
separately when performing keyword blocking.
The URL’s domain name or IP address is the characters that come before the first
slash in the URL. For example, with the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/
pressroom.php, the domain name is www.zyxel.com.tw.
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The file path is the characters that come after the first slash in the URL. For
example, with the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php, the file path is
news/pressroom.php.
Since the NBG4115 checks the URL’s domain name (or IP address) and file path
separately, it will not find items that go across the two. For example, with the URL
www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php, the NBG4115 would find “tw” in the
domain name (www.zyxel.com.tw). It would also find “news” in the file path
(news/pressroom.php) but it would not find “tw/news”.
14.2 Filter
Use this screen to restrict web features, add keywords for blocking and designate
a trusted computer. Click Security > Content Filter to open the Filter screen.
Figure 76 Security > Content Filter > Filter
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
14.3 Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the NBG4115
features described in this chapter.
14.3.1 Customizing Keyword Blocking URL Checking
You can use commands to set how much of a website’s URL the content filter is to
check for keyword blocking. See the appendices for information on how to access
and use the command interpreter.
Domain Name or IP Address URL Checking
By default, the NBG4115 checks the URL’s domain name or IP address when
performing keyword blocking.
This means that the NBG4115 checks the characters that come before the first
slash in the URL.
Table 52 Security > Content Filter > Filter
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable URL
Keyword
Blocking
The NBG4115 can block Web sites with URLs that contain certain
keywords in the domain name or IP address. For example, if the
keyword "bad" was enabled, all sites containing this keyword in the
domain name or IP address will be blocked, e.g., URL http://
www.website.com/bad.html would be blocked. Select this check box to
enable this feature.
Keyword Type a keyword in this field. You may use any character (up to 64
characters). Wildcards are not allowed. You can also enter a numerical
IP address.
Keyword List This list displays the keywords already added.
Add Click Add after you have typed a keyword.
Repeat this procedure to add other keywords. Up to 64 keywords are
allowed.
When you try to access a web page containing a keyword, you will get
a message telling you that the content filter is blocking this request.
Delete Highlight a keyword in the lower box and click Delete to remove it.
The keyword disappears from the text box after you click Apply.
Clear All Click this button to remove all of the listed keywords.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh
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For example, with the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php, content
filtering only searches for keywords within www.zyxel.com.tw.
Full Path URL Checking
Full path URL checking has the NBG4115 check the characters that come before
the last slash in the URL.
For example, with the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php, full path URL
checking searches for keywords within www.zyxel.com.tw/news/.
Use the ip urlfilter customize actionFlags 6 [disable | enable]
command to extend (or not extend) the keyword blocking search to include the
URL's full path.
File Name URL Checking
Filename URL checking has the NBG4115 check all of the characters in the URL.
For example, filename URL checking searches for keywords within the URL
www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php.
Use the ip urlfilter customize actionFlags 8 [disable | enable]
command to extend (or not extend) the keyword blocking search to include the
URL's complete filename.
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PART IV
Management
Static Route (153)
Bandwidth Management (157)
Remote Management (165)
UPnP (169)
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CHAPTER 15
Static Route
15.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to configure static routes for your NBG4115.
The NBG4115 usually uses the default gateway to route outbound traffic from
computers on the LAN to the Internet. To have the NBG4115 send data to devices
not reachable through the default gateway, use static routes.
For example, the next figure shows a computer (A) connected to the NBG4115’s
LAN interface. The NBG4115 routes most traffic from Ato the Internet through
the NBG4115’s default gateway (R1). You create one static route to connect to
services offered by your ISP behind router R2. You create another static route to
communicate with a separate network behind a router R3 connected to the LAN.
Figure 77 Example of Static Routing Topology
15.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the IP Static Route screen (Section 15.2 on page 154) to view existing
static route rules.
•Use the Static Route Setup screen (Section 15.2.1 on page 155) to add or edit
a static route rule.
WAN
R1
R2
A
R3
LAN
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15.2 IP Static Route
Use this screen to view existing static route rules. Click Management > Static
Route to open the IP Static Route screen. The following screen displays.
Figure 78 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 53 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route
LABEL DESCRIPTION
#This is the index number of an individual static route. The first entry is
for the default route and not editable.
Name This is the name that describes or identifies this route.
Active This icon is turned on when this static route is active.
Click the Edit icon under Modify and select the Active checkbox in the
Static Route Setup screen to enable the static route. Clear the
checkbox to disable this static route without having to delete the entry.
Destination This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination.
Routing is always based on network number.
Gateway This is the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate
neighbor of your NBG4115 that will forward the packet to the
destination. On the LAN, the gateway must be a router on the same
segment as your NBG4115; over the WAN, the gateway must be the IP
address of one of the remote nodes.
Modify Click the Edit icon to open the static route setup screen. Modify a static
route or create a new static route in the Static Route Setup screen.
Click the Remove icon to delete a static route.
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15.2.1 Static Route Setup Screen
To edit a static route, click the edit icon under Modify. The following screen
displays. Fill in the required information for each static route.
Figure 79 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route: Static Route Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 54 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route: Static Route Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Route Name Enter the name of the IP static route. Leave this field blank to delete
this static route.
Active This field allows you to activate/deactivate this static route.
Destination IP
Address This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination.
Routing is always based on network number. If you need to specify a
route to a single host, use a subnet mask of 255.255.255.255 in the
subnet mask field to force the network number to be identical to the
host ID.
IP Subnet Mask Enter the IP subnet mask here.
Gateway IP
Address Enter the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate
neighbor of your NBG4115 that will forward the packet to the
destination. On the LAN, the gateway must be a router on the same
segment as your NBG4115; over the WAN, the gateway must be the IP
address of one of the Remote Nodes.
Metric Metric represents the “cost” of transmission for routing purposes. IP
routing uses hop count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of
1 for directly connected networks. Enter a number that approximates
the cost for this link. The number need not be precise, but it must be
between 1 and 15. In practice, 2 or 3 is usually a good number.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Cancel Click Cancel to return to the previous screen and not save your
changes.
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CHAPTER 16
Bandwidth Management
16.1 Overview
This chapter contains information about configuring bandwidth management and
editing rules.
ZyXEL’s Bandwidth Management allows you to specify bandwidth management
rules based on an application.
In the figure below, uplink traffic goes from the LAN device (A) to the WAN device
(B). Bandwidth management is applied before sending the packets out to the
WAN. Downlink traffic comes back from the WAN device (B) to the LAN device
(A). Bandwidth management is applied before sending the traffic out to LAN.
Figure 80 Bandwidth Management
You can allocate specific amounts of bandwidth capacity (bandwidth budgets) to
individual applications (like VoIP, Web, FTP, and E-mail for example).
16.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the General screen (Section 16.2 on page 158) to enable bandwidth
management and assign uplink/downlink limits.
•Use the Advanced screen (Section 16.3 on page 159) to configure bandwidth
management rules for the pre-defined services and applications.
16.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
AB
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Bandwidth Limiting
You can limit an application’s uplink or downlink bandwidth. This limit keeps the
traffic from using up too much of the out-going interface’s bandwidth. This way
you can make sure there is bandwidth for other applications. Use the following
guidelines:
•The sum of the bandwidth allotments that apply to the WAN interface (LAN to
WAN, WLAN to WAN) must be less than or equal to the Uplink value that you
configure in the Bandwidth ManagementGeneral screen.
•The sum of the bandwidth allotments that apply to the LAN port (WAN to LAN,
WAN to WLAN) must be less than or equal to the Downlink value that you
configure in the Bandwidth ManagementGeneral screen.
16.2 General
Use this screen to enable bandwidth management and assign uplink/downlink
limits. You can use either one of the following types:
•Priority Queue. Enable bandwidth management to give uplink traffic that
matches a bandwidth rule priority over traffic that does not match a bandwidth
rule. (This type does not apply to downlink traffic.)
•Bandwidth Allocation. Enabling bandwidth management also allows you to
control the maximum or minimum amounts of bandwidth that can be used by
traffic that matches a bandwidth rule.
Note: You cannot apply both bandwidth management types at the same time.
Click Management> Bandwidth MGMT to open the bandwidth management
General screen.
Figure 81 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > General
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
16.3 Advanced
Use this screen to configure bandwidth managements rule for the pre-defined
services or applications.
Use this screen to configure bandwidth managements rule for specific protocols on
an IP or IP range.
Note: This screen contains the Priority Queue and Bandwidth Allocation tables.
Though both tables are described in this section, you can only apply the rules in
one table. Fill out the table of the Bandwidth Management Type you selected
in Section 16.2 on page 158
Table 55 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Service Management
Bandwidth
Management
Type
This field allows you to have NBG4115 apply bandwidth management.
Select Priority Queue or Bandwidth Allocation to enable
bandwidth management.
Select Priority Queue to allocate bandwidth based on the pre-defined
priority assigned to an application. Refer to Section 16.3 on page 159.
Select Bandwidth Allocation allocate specific amounts of bandwidth
to specific protocols on an IP or IP range. Refer to Section 16.3 on
page 159.
Select Disable if you do not want to use this feature.
Total Bandwidth Setting. The fields below appear when you enable Bandwidth
Management.
Uplink Select the total amount of bandwidth (from 64 Kilobits to 30 Megabits)
that you want to dedicate to uplink traffic.
This is traffic from LAN/WLAN to WAN.
Downlink Select the total amount of bandwidth (from 64 Kilobits to 30 Megabits)
that you want to dedicate to uplink traffic.
This is traffic from WAN to LAN/WLAN.
Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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Click Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced to open the bandwidth
management Advanced screen.
Figure 82 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 56 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Priority Queue
Local IP
Address Enter the IP address of the computer to which bandwidth management
does not apply.
Priority Queue Use this table to allocate specific amounts of bandwidth based on the
pre-defined service.
#This is the number of an individual bandwidth management rule.
Enable Select this check box to have the NBG4115 apply this bandwidth
management rule.
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Service This is the name of the service.
You can also enter the name (up to 10 keyboard characters) of a service
you want to add in the priority queue (for example, Messenger).
Priority Select a priority from the drop down list box. Choose High or Low.
Specific Port This displays the port/s assigned to the service.
You can also specify the port/s to services to which you want to allocate
bandwidth. Choose either Both,TCP or UDP in the drop-down menu
and enter the port or range of ports in the provided boxes.
Note: If you are entering a specific port and not a range of ports,
you can either leave the second port field blank or enter the
same port number again.
Bandwidth
Allocation Use this table to allocate specific amounts of bandwidth to specific
protocols on an IP or IP range.
#This is the number of an individual bandwidth management rule.
Enable Select this check box to have the NBG4115 apply this bandwidth
management rule.
LAN IP Range This displays the range of IP addresses for which the bandwidth
management rule applies.
Direction These read-only labels represent uplink or downlink traffic.
To LAN applies bandwidth management to traffic from WAN to LAN/
WLAN (i.e., downlink).
To WAN applies bandwidth management to traffic from LAN/WLAN to
WAN (i.e., uplink).
Both applies bandwidth management to traffic that the NBG4115
forwards to both the LAN and the WAN.
Port Range This displays the range of ports for which the bandwidth management
rule applies.
Policy This displays either Max (maximum) or Min (minimum) and refers to
the maximum or minimum bandwidth allowed for the rule in kilobits per
second in the field below.
Rate This is the maximum or minimum bandwidth allowed (refer to the field
above) for the rule in bits per second.
Modify Click the Edit icon to open the Rule Configuration screen. Modify an
existing rule or create a new rule in the Rule Configuration screen.
See Section 16.3.3 on page 162 for more information.
Click the Remove icon to delete a rule.
Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 56 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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16.3.1 Pre-Configured Gaming Ports
The following gaming ports are preconfigured on your NBG4115 and are enabled
when you select the ‘gaming’ Service in this screen:
16.3.2 Priority Levels
Traffic with a higher priority gets through faster while traffic with a lower priority is
dropped if the network is congested.
The following describes the priorities that you can apply to traffic that the
NBG4115 forwards out through an interface.
•High - Typically used for voice traffic or video that is especially sensitive to jitter
(jitter is the variations in delay).
•Low - This is typically used for all other traffic that are not time-sensitive.
16.3.3 User Defined Service Rule Configuration
If you want to edit a bandwidth management rule for specific protocols on an IP or
IP range, click the Edit icon in the Bandwidth Allocation table of the Advanced
screen. The following screen displays.
Figure 83 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced: Allocation Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 57 Preconfigured Gaming Ports
APPLICATION TCP PORTS UDP PORTS
XBox 3603074, 3390, 3932, 55551900, 3776, 7777, 88,
3074
Playstation80, 443, 5223, 52233478, 3479, 3658, 4658
Battlenet40, 6112, 4000, 6113-
6119, 112
MSN Game Zone6667, 28800-290006667, 28800-29000
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Table 58 Management > Bandwidth MGMT > Advanced: Allocation Setup
16.3.4 Predefined Bandwidth Management Services
The following is a description of the services that you can select and to which you
can apply media bandwidth management in the Management > Bandwidth
MGMT > Advanced screen.
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select this check box to turn on this bandwidth management rule.
Direction Enter whether you want to apply the rule to uplink or downlink traffic.
To LAN applies bandwidth management to traffic from WAN to LAN/
WLAN (i.e., downlink).
To WAN applies bandwidth management to traffic from LAN/WLAN to
WAN (i.e., uplink).
Select Both applies bandwidth management to traffic that the
NBG4115 forwards to both the LAN and the WAN.
LAN IP Range Specify the range of IP addresses for which the bandwidth management
rule applies.
Protocol Select the protocol (TCP,UDP, SMTP, HTTP, POP3, FTP or ALL) for
which the bandwidth management rule applies.
Port Range Enter the range of ports for which the bandwidth management rule
applies.
Policy Select Max or Min and specify the maximum or minimum bandwidth
allowed for the rule in bits per second in the field below.
Rate (bps) Select the maximum or minimum bandwidth allowed (refer to the field
above) for the rule in bits per second.
Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 59 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services
SERVICE DESCRIPTION
FTPFile Transfer Program enables fast transfer of files, including large files
that may not be possible by e-mail. FTP uses port number 21.
WWWThe World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet system to distribute
graphical, hyper-linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer
Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server protocol for the World Wide Web. The
Web is not synonymous with the Internet; rather, it is just one service
on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include Internet Relay
Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a browser.
WWW uses port 80.
TelnetTelnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the
Internet and in UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks.
Its primary function is to allow users to log into remote host systems.
Telnet uses port 23.
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16.3.5 Services and Port Numbers
See Appendix F on page 263 for commonly used services and port numbers.
E-MailElectronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network
to specific groups or individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail:
POP3 - port 110
SMTP - port 25
VoIP (SIP)Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP.
Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) is an internationally recognized
standard for implementing VoIP. SIP is an application-layer control
(signaling) protocol that handles the setting up, altering and tearing
down of voice and multimedia sessions over the Internet.
SIP is transported primarily over UDP but can also be transported over
TCP, using the default port number 5060.
BitTorrentBitTorrent is a free P2P (peer-to-peer) sharing tool allowing you to
distribute large software and media files using ports 6881 to 6889.
BitTorrent requires you to search for a file with a searching engine
yourself. It distributes files by corporation and trading, that is, the client
downloads the file in small pieces and share the pieces with other peers
to get other half of the file.
GamingOnline gaming services lets you play multiplayer games on the Internet
via broadband technology. One example is Microsoft’s Xbox Live, which
uses port 3074. As of this writing, your NBG4115 supports Xbox,
Playstation, Battlenet and MSN Game Zone.
Table 59 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services (continued)
SERVICE DESCRIPTION
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CHAPTER 17
Remote Management
17.1 Overview
This chapter provides information on the Remote Management screens.
Remote management allows you to determine which services/protocols can access
which NBG4115 interface (if any) from which computers.
You may manage your NBG4115 from a remote location via:
17.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
Use the WWW screen (Section 17.2 on page 166) to change your NBG4115’s
World Wide Web settings.
17.1.2 What You Need To Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Remote Management Limitations
Remote management over LAN or WAN will not work when:
1You have disabled that service in one of the remote management screens.
2The IP address in the Secured Client IP Address field does not match the client
IP address. If it does not match, the NBG4115 will disconnect the session
immediately.
3There is already another remote management session with an equal or higher
priority running. You may only have one remote management session running at
one time.
4There is a firewall rule that blocks it.
•LAN only •LAN and WAN
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Remote Management and NAT
When NAT is enabled:
•Use the NBG4115’s WAN IP address when configuring from the WAN.
•Use the NBG4115’s LAN IP address when configuring from the LAN.
System Timeout
There is a default system management idle timeout of five minutes (three
hundred seconds). The NBG4115 automatically logs you out if the management
session remains idle for longer than this timeout period. The management session
does not time out when a statistics screen is polling. You can change the timeout
period in the System screen
17.2 WWW
To change your NBG4115’s World Wide Web settings, click Management >
Remote MGMT to display the WWW screen.
Figure 84 Management > Remote MGMT > WWW
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 60 Management > Remote MGMT > WWW
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Server Port You may change the server port number for a service if needed,
however you must use the same port number in order to use that
service for remote management.
Server Access Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the
NBG4115 using this service.
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Secured Client
IP Address A secured client is a “trusted” computer that is allowed to communicate
with the NBG4115 using this service.
Select All to allow any computer to access the NBG4115 using this
service.
Choose Selected to just allow the computer with the IP address that
you specify to access the NBG4115 using this service.
Note: This only applies on WAN IP.
Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings and exit this screen.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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CHAPTER 18
UPnP
18.1 Overview
This chapter introduces the UPnP feature in the Web Configurator.
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a distributed, open networking standard that
uses TCP/IP for simple peer-to-peer network connectivity between devices. A
UPnP device can dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address, convey its
capabilities and learn about other devices on the network. In turn, a device can
leave a network smoothly and automatically when it is no longer in use.
18.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
Use the UPnP screen (Section 18.2 on page 170) to enable UPnP on the
NBG4115.
18.1.2 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
How do I know if I'm using UPnP?
UPnP hardware is identified as an icon in the Network Connections folder
(Windows XP). Each UPnP compatible device installed on your network will appear
as a separate icon. Selecting the icon of a UPnP device will allow you to access the
information and properties of that device.
NAT Traversal
UPnP NAT traversal automates the process of allowing an application to operate
through NAT. UPnP network devices can automatically configure network
addressing, announce their presence in the network to other UPnP devices and
enable exchange of simple product and service descriptions. NAT traversal allows
the following:
•Dynamic port mapping
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•Learning public IP addresses
•Assigning lease times to mappings
Windows Messenger is an example of an application that supports NAT traversal
and UPnP.
See the NAT chapter for more information on NAT.
Cautions with UPnP
The automated nature of NAT traversal applications in establishing their own
services and opening firewall ports may present network security issues. Network
information and configuration may also be obtained and modified by users in some
network environments.
When a UPnP device joins a network, it announces its presence with a multicast
message. For security reasons, the NBG4115 allows multicast messages on the
LAN only.
All UPnP-enabled devices may communicate freely with each other without
additional configuration. Disable UPnP if this is not your intention.
18.2 General
Use this screen to enable UPnP. Click the Management > UPnP to open the
following screen.
Figure 85 Management > UPnP > General
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
18.3 Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the NBG4115
features described in this chapter.
18.3.1 Installing UPnP in Windows XP
Follow the steps below to install the UPnP in Windows XP.
1Click Start and Control Panel.
2Double-click Network Connections.
3In the Network Connections window, click Advanced in the main menu and
select Optional Networking Components ….
Figure 86 Network Connections
Table 61 Management > UPnP > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable the Universal Plug
and Play (UPnP) Feature Select this check box to activate UPnP. Be aware that anyone
could use a UPnP application to open the Web Configurator's
login screen without entering the NBG4115's IP address
(although you must still enter the password to access the Web
Configurator).
Allow users to make port
forwarding changes
through UPnP
Select this check box to allow UPnP-enabled applications to
automatically configure the NBG4115 so that they can
communicate through the NBG4115, for example by using NAT
traversal, UPnP applications automatically reserve a NAT
forwarding port in order to communicate with another UPnP
enabled device; this eliminates the need to manually configure
port forwarding for the UPnP enabled application.
Apply Click Apply to save the setting to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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4The Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard window displays.
Select Networking Service in the Components selection box and click Details.
Figure 87 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard
5In the Networking Services window, select the Universal Plug and Play check
box.
Figure 88 Networking Services
6Click OK to go back to the Windows Optional Networking Component Wizard
window and click Next.
18.3.1.1 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example
This section shows you how to use the UPnP feature in Windows XP. You must
already have UPnP installed in Windows XP and UPnP activated on the NBG4115.
Make sure the computer is connected to a LAN port of the NBG4115. Turn on your
computer and the NBG4115.
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Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device
1Click Start and Control Panel. Double-click Network Connections. An icon
displays under Internet Gateway.
2Right-click the icon and select Properties.
Figure 89 Network Connections
3In the Internet Connection Properties window, click Settings to see the port
mappings there were automatically created.
Figure 90 Internet Connection Properties
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4You may edit or delete the port mappings or click Add to manually add port
mappings.
Figure 91 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings
Figure 92 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add
5When the UPnP-enabled device is disconnected from your computer, all port
mappings will be deleted automatically.
6Select Show icon in notification area when connected option and click OK.
An icon displays in the system tray.
Figure 93 System Tray Icon
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7Double-click on the icon to display your current Internet connection status.
Figure 94 Internet Connection Status
Web Configurator Easy Access
With UPnP, you can access the web-based configurator on the NBG4115 without
finding out the IP address of the NBG4115 first. This comes helpful if you do not
know the IP address of the NBG4115.
Follow the steps below to access the Web Configurator.
1Click Start and then Control Panel.
2Double-click Network Connections.
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3Select My Network Places under Other Places.
Figure 95 Network Connections
4An icon with the description for each UPnP-enabled device displays under Local
Network.
5Right-click on the icon for your NBG4115 and select Invoke. The Web
Configurator login screen displays.
Figure 96 Network Connections: My Network Places
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6Right-click on the icon for your NBG4115 and select Properties. A properties
window displays with basic information about the NBG4115.
Figure 97 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example
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PART V
Maintenance and
Troubleshooting
System (181)
Logs (187)
Tools (189)
Sys OP Mode (195)
Language (199)
Troubleshooting (201)
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CHAPTER 19
System
19.1 Overview
This chapter provides information on the System screens.
See the chapter about wizard setup for more information on the next few screens.
19.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the General screen (Section 19.2 on page 181) to enter a name to identify
the NBG4115 in the network and set the password.
•Use the Time Setting screen (Section 19.3 on page 183) to change your
NBG4115’s time and date.
19.2 General
Use this screen to enter a name to identify the NBG4115 in the network and set
the password. Click Maintenance > System. The following screen displays.
Figure 98 Maintenance > System > General
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 62 Maintenance > System > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
System Setup
System Name System Name is a unique name to identify the NBG4115 in an
Ethernet network. It is recommended you enter your computer’s
“Computer name” in this field (see thechapter about wizard setup for
how to find your computer’s name).
This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are
not allowed, but dashes “-” and underscores "_" are accepted.
Domain Name Enter the domain name (if you know it) here. If you leave this field
blank, the ISP may assign a domain name via DHCP.
The domain name entered by you is given priority over the ISP
assigned domain name.
Administrator
Inactivity Timer Type how many minutes a management session can be left idle before
the session times out. The default is 5 minutes. After it times out you
have to log in with your password again. Very long idle timeouts may
have security risks. A value of "0" means a management session never
times out, no matter how long it has been left idle (not
recommended).
Password Setup Change your NBG4115’s password (recommended) using the fields as
shown.
Old Password Type the default password or the existing password you use to access
the system in this field.
New Password Type your new system password (up to 30 characters). Note that as
you type a password, the screen displays an asterisk (*) for each
character you type.
Retype to
Confirm Type the new password again in this field.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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19.3 Time Setting
To change your NBG4115’s time and date, click Maintenance > System > Time
Setting. The screen appears as shown. Use this screen to configure the
NBG4115’s time based on your local time zone.
Figure 99 Maintenance > System > Time Setting
he following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 63 Maintenance > System > Time Setting
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Current Time and Date
Current Time This field displays the time of your NBG4115.
Each time you reload this page, the NBG4115 synchronizes the time
with the time server.
Current Date This field displays the date of your NBG4115.
Each time you reload this page, the NBG4115 synchronizes the date
with the time server.
Time and Date Setup
Manual Select this radio button to enter the time and date manually. If you
configure a new time and date, Time Zone and Daylight Saving at the
same time, the new time and date you entered has priority and the
Time Zone and Daylight Saving settings do not affect it.
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New Time
(hh:mm:ss)
This field displays the last updated time from the time server or the
last time configured manually.
When you set Time and Date Setup to Manual, enter the new time
in this field and then click Apply.
New Date
(yyyy/mm/dd)
This field displays the last updated date from the time server or the
last date configured manually.
When you set Time and Date Setup to Manual, enter the new date
in this field and then click Apply.
Get from Time
Server Select this radio button to have the NBG4115 get the time and date
from the time server you specified below.
Auto Select Auto to have the NBG4115 automatically search for an
available time server and synchronize the date and time with the time
server after you click Apply.
User Defined
Time Server
Address
Select User Defined Time Server Address and enter the IP
address or URL (up to 20 extended ASCII characters in length) of
your time server. Check with your ISP/network administrator if you
are unsure of this information.
Time Zone Setup
Time Zone Choose the time zone of your location. This will set the time
difference between your time zone and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
Daylight Savings Daylight saving is a period from late spring to early fall when many
countries set their clocks ahead of normal local time by one hour to
give more daytime light in the evening.
Select this option if you use Daylight Saving Time.
Start Date Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time starts if you
selected Daylight Savings. The o'clock field uses the 24 hour
format. Here are a couple of examples:
Daylight Saving Time starts in most parts of the United States on the
first Sunday of April. Each time zone in the United States starts using
Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the United States you
would select First,Sunday,April and type 2 in the o'clock field.
Daylight Saving Time starts in the European Union on the last Sunday
of March. All of the time zones in the European Union start using
Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So
in the European Union you would select Last,Sunday,March. The
time you type in the o'clock field depends on your time zone. In
Germany for instance, you would type 2 because Germany's time
zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1).
Table 63 Maintenance > System > Time Setting
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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End Date Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time ends if you
selected Daylight Savings. The o'clock field uses the 24 hour
format. Here are a couple of examples:
Daylight Saving Time ends in the United States on the last Sunday of
October. Each time zone in the United States stops using Daylight
Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the United States you would
select Last,Sunday,October and type 2 in the o'clock field.
Daylight Saving Time ends in the European Union on the last Sunday
of October. All of the time zones in the European Union stop using
Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So
in the European Union you would select Last,Sunday,October. The
time you type in the o'clock field depends on your time zone. In
Germany for instance, you would type 2 because Germany's time
zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1).
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the NBG4115.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Table 63 Maintenance > System > Time Setting
LABEL DESCRIPTION
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CHAPTER 20
Logs
20.1 Overview
This chapter contains information about configuring general log settings and
viewing the NBG4115’s logs. Refer to the appendices for example log message
explanations.
The Web Configurator allows you to look at all of the NBG4115’s logs in one
location.
20.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
Use the View Log screen (Section 20.2 on page 187) to see the logs for the
activity on your NBG4115.
20.2 View Log
Use the View Log screen to see the logged messages for the NBG4115.
The log wraps around and deletes the old entries after it fills. Click a column
heading to sort it. A triangle indicates ascending or descending sort order.
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Click Maintenance > Logs to open the View Log screen.
Figure 100 Maintenance > Logs > View Log
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 64 Maintenance > Logs > View Log
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Click Refresh to renew the log screen.
Clear Log Click Clear Log to delete all the logs.
#This is the index number of the log entry.
Time This field displays the time the log was recorded. See the chapter on
system maintenance and information to configure the NBG4115’s
time and date.
Message This field states the reason for the log.
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CHAPTER 21
Tools
21.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to upload a new firmware, upload or save backup
configuration files and restart the NBG4115.
21.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
•Use the Firmware screen (Section 21.2 on page 190) to upload firmware to
your NBG4115.
•Use the Configuration screen (Section 21.3 on page 192) to view information
related to factory defaults, backup configuration, and restoring configuration.
•Use the Restart screen (Section 21.4 on page 194) to have the NBG4115
reboot.
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21.2 Firmware
Find firmware at www.zyxel.com in a file that (usually) uses the system model
name with a “*.bin” extension, e.g., “NBG4115.bin”. The upload process uses
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and may take up to two minutes. After a
successful upload, the system will reboot.
Click Maintenance > Tools. Follow the instructions in this screen to upload
firmware to your NBG4115.
Figure 101 Maintenance > Tools > Firmware
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Note: Do not turn off the NBG4115 while firmware upload is in progress!
Table 65 Maintenance > Tools > Firmware
LABEL DESCRIPTION
File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click
Browse... to find it.
Choose File Click Choose File to find the .bin file you want to upload. Remember that
you must decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them.
Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process. This process may take up to
two minutes.
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After you see the Firmware Upload In Process screen, wait two minutes before
logging into the NBG4115 again.
Figure 102 Upload Warning
The NBG4115 automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network
disconnect. In some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your
desktop.
Figure 103 Network Temporarily Disconnected
After two minutes, log in again and check your new firmware version in the
Status screen.
If the upload was not successful, the following screen will appear. Click Return to
go back to the Firmware screen.
Figure 104 Upload Error Message
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21.3 Configuration
Click Maintenance > Tools > Configuration. Information related to factory
defaults, backup configuration, and restoring configuration appears as shown
next.
Figure 105 Maintenance > Tools > Configuration
21.3.1 Backup Configuration
Backup configuration allows you to back up (save) the NBG4115’s current
configuration to a file on your computer. Once your NBG4115 is configured and
functioning properly, it is highly recommended that you back up your configuration
file before making configuration changes. The backup configuration file will be
useful in case you need to return to your previous settings.
Click Backup to save the NBG4115’s current configuration to your computer.
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21.3.2 Restore Configuration
Restore configuration allows you to upload a new or previously saved
configuration file from your computer to your NBG4115.
Note: Do not turn off the NBG4115 while configuration file upload is in progress
After you see a “configuration upload successful” screen, you must then wait one
minute before logging into the NBG4115 again.
Figure 106 Configuration Restore Successful
The NBG4115 automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network
disconnect. In some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your
desktop.
Figure 107 Temporarily Disconnected
If you uploaded the default configuration file you may need to change the IP
address of your computer to be in the same subnet as that of the default
NBG4115 IP address (192.168.1.1). See Appendix D on page 233 for details on
how to set up your computer’s IP address.
Table 66 Maintenance Restore Configuration
LABEL DESCRIPTION
File Path Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click
Browse... to find it.
Choose File Click Choose File to find the .bin file you want to upload. Remember that
you must decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them.
Upload Click Upload to begin the upload process.
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If the upload was not successful, the following screen will appear. Click Return to
go back to the Configuration screen.
Figure 108 Configuration Restore Error
21.3.3 Back to Factory Defaults
Pressing the Reset button in this section clears all user-entered configuration
information and returns the NBG4115 to its factory defaults.
You can also press the RESET button on the rear panel to reset the factory
defaults of your NBG4115. Refer to the chapter about introducing the Web
Configurator for more information on the RESET button.
21.4 Restart
System restart allows you to reboot the NBG4115 without turning the power off.
Click Maintenance > Tools > Restart. Click Restart to have the NBG4115
reboot. This does not affect the NBG4115's configuration.
Figure 109 Maintenance > Tools > Restart
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CHAPTER 22
Sys OP Mode
22.1 Overview
The Sys OP Mode (System Operation Mode) function lets you configure whether
your NBG4115 is a router or AP. You can choose between Router Mode and AP
Mode depending on your network topology and the features you require from
your device. See Section 1.1 on page 21 for more information on which mode to
choose.
22.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
Use the General screen (Section 22.2 on page 196) to select how you connect to
the Internet.
22.1.2 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read through this chapter.
Router
A router connects your local network with another network, such as the Internet.
The router has two IP addresses, the LAN IP address and the WAN IP address.
Figure 110 LAN and WAN IP Addresses in Router Mode
WAN IP
Internet
LAN WAN
LAN IP
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AP
An AP extends one network and so has just one IP address. All Ethernet ports on
the AP have the same IP address. To connect to the Internet, another device, such
as a router, is required.
Figure 111 IP Address in AP Mode
22.2 General
Use this screen to select how you connect to the Internet.
Figure 112 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General
If you select Router Mode, the following pop-up message window appears.
Figure 113 Maintenance > Sys Op Mode > General: Router
1 IP
LAN
Internet
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•In this mode there are both LAN and WAN ports. The LAN Ethernet and WAN
Ethernet ports have different IP addresses.
•The DHCP server on your device is enabled and allocates IP addresses to other
devices on your local network.
•The LAN IP address of the device on the local network is set to 192.168.1.1.
•You can configure the IP address settings on your WAN port. Contact your ISP or
system administrator for more information on appropriate settings.
If you select Access Point the following pop-up message window appears.
Figure 114 Maintenance > Sys Op Mode > General: AP
•In AP Mode all Ethernet ports have the same IP address.
•All ports on the rear panel of the device are LAN ports, including the port labeled
WAN. There is no WAN port.
•The DHCP server on your device is disabled. In AP mode there must be a device
with a DHCP server on your network such as a router or gateway which can
allocate IP addresses.
The IP address of the device on the local network is set to 192.168.1.2.
The following table describes the labels in the General screen.
Table 67 Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General
Note: If you select the incorrect System Operation Mode you cannot connect to the
Internet.
LABEL DESCRIPTION
System Operation Mode
Router Select Router if your device routes traffic between a local network and
another network such as the Internet. This mode offers services such as a
firewall or content filter.
Access Point Select Access Point if your device bridges traffic between clients on the
same network.
Apply Click Apply to save your settings.
Reset Click Reset to return your settings to the default (Router)
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CHAPTER 23
Language
23.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to change the Web Configurator’s display language.
23.2 Language
Use this screen to change the language for the Web Configurator display.
Click the language you prefer. The Web Configurator language changes after a
while without restarting the NBG4115.
Figure 115 Language
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CHAPTER 24
Troubleshooting
24.1 Overview
This chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter. The
potential problems are divided into the following categories.
•Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs
•NBG4115 Access and Login
•Internet Access
•Resetting the NBG4115 to Its Factory Defaults
•Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting
24.2 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs
The NBG4115 does not turn on. None of the LEDs turn on.
1Make sure you are using the power adaptor or cord included with the NBG4115.
2Make sure the power adaptor or cord is connected to the NBG4115 and plugged in
to an appropriate power source. Make sure the power source is turned on.
3Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or cord to the NBG4115.
4If the problem continues, contact the vendor.
One of the LEDs does not behave as expected.
1Make sure you understand the normal behavior of the LED. See Section 1.5 on
page 22.
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2Check the hardware connections. See the Quick Start Guide.
3Inspect your cables for damage. Contact the vendor to replace any damaged
cables.
4Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor to the NBG4115.
5If the problem continues, contact the vendor.
24.3 NBG4115 Access and Login
I don’t know the IP address of my NBG4115.
1The default IP address is 192.168.1.1.
2If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, you might get the IP address
of the NBG4115 by looking up the IP address of the default gateway for your
computer. To do this in most Windows computers, click Start > Run, enter cmd,
and then enter ipconfig. The IP address of the Default Gateway might be the IP
address of the NBG4115 (it depends on the network), so enter this IP address in
your Internet browser.Set your device to Router Mode, login (see the Quick Start
Guide for instructions) and go to the Device Information table in the Status
screen. Your NBG4115’s IP address is available in the Device Information table.
•If the DHCP setting under LAN information is None, your device has a fixed
IP address.
•If the DHCP setting under LAN information is Client, then your device
receives an IP address from a DHCP server on the network.
3If your NBG4115 is a DHCP client, you can find your IP address from the DHCP
server. This information is only available from the DHCP server which allocates IP
addresses on your network. Find this information directly from the DHCP server or
contact your system administrator for more information.
4Reset your NBG4115 to change all settings back to their default. This means your
current settings are lost. See Section 24.5 on page 206 in the Troubleshooting
for information on resetting your NBG4115.
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I forgot the password.
1The default password is 1234.
2If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See
Section 24.5 on page 206.
I cannot see or access the Login screen in the Web Configurator.
1Make sure you are using the correct IP address.
•The default IP address is 192.168.1.1.
•If you changed the IP address (Section 7.3 on page 102), use the new IP
address.
•If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, see the troubleshooting
suggestions for I don’t know the IP address of my NBG4115.
2Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as
expected. See the Quick Start Guide.
3Make sure your Internet browser does not block pop-up windows and has
JavaScripts and Java enabled. See Appendix B on page 215.
4Make sure your computer is in the same subnet as the NBG4115. (If you know
that there are routers between your computer and the NBG4115, skip this step.)
•If there is a DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer is using
a dynamic IP address. See Section 7.3 on page 102.
•If there is no DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer’s IP
address is in the same subnet as the NBG4115. See Section 7.3 on page 102.
5Reset the device to its factory defaults, and try to access the NBG4115 with the
default IP address. See Section 7.3 on page 102.
6If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one
of the advanced suggestions.
Advanced Suggestions
•Try to access the NBG4115 using another service, such as Telnet. If you can
access the NBG4115, check the remote management settings and firewall rules
to find out why the NBG4115 does not respond to HTTP.
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•If your computer is connected to the WAN port or is connected wirelessly, use a
computer that is connected to a LAN/ETHERNET port.
I can see the Login screen, but I cannot log in to the NBG4115.
1Make sure you have entered the password correctly. The default password is
1234. This field is case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on.
2You cannot log in to the Web Configurator while someone is using Telnet to access
the NBG4115. Log out of the NBG4115 in the other session, or ask the person who
is logged in to log out.
3This can happen when you fail to log out properly from your last session. Try
logging in again after 5 minutes.
4Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or cord to the NBG4115.
5If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See
Section 24.5 on page 206.
24.4 Internet Access
I cannot access the Internet.
1Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as
expected. See the Quick Start Guide.
2Make sure you entered your ISP account information correctly in the wizard. These
fields are case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on.
3If you are trying to access the Internet wirelessly, make sure the wireless settings
in the wireless client are the same as the settings in the AP.
•Go to Network > Wireless LAN > General > WDS and check if the NBG4115 is
set to bridge mode. Select Disable and try to connect to the Internet again.
4Disconnect all the cables from your device, and follow the directions in the Quick
Start Guide again.
5Go to Maintenance > Sys OP Mode > General. Check your System Operation Mode
setting.
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•Select Router if your device routes traffic between a local network and
another network such as the Internet.
•Select Access Point if your device bridges traffic between clients on the
same network.
6If the problem continues, contact your ISP.
I cannot access the Internet anymore. I had access to the Internet (with the
NBG4115), but my Internet connection is not available anymore.
1Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as
expected. See the Quick Start Guide and Section 1.5 on page 22.
2Reboot the NBG4115.
3If the problem continues, contact your ISP.
The Internet connection is slow or intermittent.
1There might be a lot of traffic on the network. Look at the LEDs, and check Section
1.5 on page 22. If the NBG4115 is sending or receiving a lot of information, try
closing some programs that use the Internet, especially peer-to-peer applications.
2Check the signal strength. If the signal strength is low, try moving the NBG4115
closer to the AP if possible, and look around to see if there are any devices that
might be interfering with the wireless network (for example, microwaves, other
wireless networks, and so on).
3Reboot the NBG4115.
4If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one
of the advanced suggestions.
Advanced Suggestion
•Check the settings for QoS. If it is disabled, you might consider activating it.
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24.5 Resetting the NBG4115 to Its Factory
Defaults
If you reset the NBG4115, you lose all of the changes you have made. The
NBG4115 re-loads its default settings, and the password resets to 1234. You have
to make all of your changes again.
You will lose all of your changes when you push the RESET button.
To reset the NBG4115,
1Make sure the power LED is on.
2Press the RESET button for longer than 1 second to restart/reboot the NBG4115.
3Press the RESET button for longer than five seconds to set the NBG4115 back to
its factory-default configurations.
If the NBG4115 restarts automatically, wait for the NBG4115 to finish restarting,
and log in to the Web Configurator. The password is “1234”.
If the NBG4115 does not restart automatically, disconnect and reconnect the
NBG4115’s power. Then, follow the directions above again.
24.6 Wireless Router/AP Troubleshooting
I cannot access the NBG4115 or ping any computer from the WLAN (wireless AP
or router).
1Make sure the wireless LAN is enabled on the NBG4115
2Make sure the wireless adapter on the wireless station is working properly.
3Make sure the wireless adapter installed on your computer is IEEE 802.11
compatible and supports the same wireless standard as the NBG4115.
4Make sure your computer (with a wireless adapter installed) is within the
transmission range of the NBG4115.
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5Check that both the NBG4115 and your wireless station are using the same
wireless and wireless security settings.
6Make sure traffic between the WLAN and the LAN is not blocked by the firewall on
the NBG4115.
7Make sure you allow the NBG4115 to be remotely accessed through the WLAN
interface. Check your remote management settings.
•See the chapter on Wireless LAN in the User’s Guide for more information.
to select Router Mode.
I set up URL keyword blocking, but I can still access a website that should be
blocked.
Make sure that you select the Enable URL Keyword Blocking check box in the
Content Filtering screen. Make sure that the keywords that you type are listed in
the Keyword List.
If a keyword that is listed in the Keyword List is not blocked when it is found in a
URL, customize the keyword blocking using commands. See the Customizing
Keyword Blocking URL Checking section in the Content Filter chapter.
I can access the Internet, but I cannot open my network folders.
In the Network > LAN > Advancedscreen, make sure Allow between LAN and
WAN is checked. This is not checked by default to keep the LAN secure.
If you still cannot access a network folder, make sure your account has access
rights to the folder you are trying to open.
I can access the Web Configurator after I switched to AP mode.
When you change from router mode to AP mode, your computer must have an IP
address in the range between “192.168.1.3” and “192.168.1.254”.
Refer to Appendix D on page 233 for instructions on how to change your
computer’s IP address.
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PART VI
Appendices and
Index
Product Specifications (211)
Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java
Permissions (215)
IP Addresses and Subnetting (223)
Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address
(233)
Wireless LANs (251)
Services (263)
Legal Information (267)
Index (275)
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APPENDIX A
Product Specifications
The following tables summarize the NBG4115’s hardware and firmware features.
Table 68 Hardware Features
Dimensions 140 mm (W) x 110 mm (D) x 30 mm (H)
Weight 190 g (without a 3G card installed)
SDRAM 32 MB
Flash Memory 4 MB
Power Specification Input: 120~240 AC, 50~60 Hz
Output: 12 V DC 1.25A
Ethernet portsAuto-negotiating: 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps in either half-duplex or full-
duplex mode.
Auto-crossover: Use either crossover or straight-through Ethernet
cables.
4-5 Port Switch A combination of switch and router makes your NBG4115 a cost-
effective and viable network solution. You can add up to four
computers to the NBG4115 without the cost of a hub when
connecting to the Internet through the WAN port. You can add up
to five computers to the NBG4115 when you connect to the
Internet in AP mode. Add more than four computers to your LAN
by using a hub.
LEDsPWR, LAN1-2, 3G, Internet, WAN, WLAN/WPS
Reset Button The reset button is built into the rear panel. Use this button to
restore the NBG4115 to its factory default settings. Press for 1
second to restart the device. Press for 5 seconds to restore to
factory default settings.
WPS button Press the WPS on two WPS enabled devices within 120 seconds
for a security-enabled wireless connection.
Antenna The NBG4115 is equipped witha 2dBi (2.4GHz) detachable
antenna to provide clear radio transmission and reception on the
wireless network.
USB Port The NBG4115 has one built-in USB 2.0 type A for 3G connectivity.
When a 3G card is plugged in and operational this port functions
as a WAN port.
Operation
Environment Temperature: 0º C ~ 40º C / 32ºF ~ 104ºF
Humidity: 20% ~ 90%
Storage Environment Temperature: -30º C ~ 70º C / -22ºF ~ 158ºF
Humidity: 20% ~ 95%
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Table 69 Firmware Features
FEATURE DESCRIPTION
Default LAN IP Address 192.168.1.1 (router)
192.168.1.2. (AP)
Default LAN Subnet
Mask 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)
Default Password 1234
DHCP Pool 192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.64
Wireless InterfaceWireless LAN
Default Wireless SSIDZyXEL
Device ManagementUse the Web Configurator to easily configure the rich range of
features on the NBG4115.
Wireless FunctionalityAllows IEEE 802.11b and/or IEEE 802.11g wireless clients to
connect to the NBG4115 wirelessly. Enable wireless security (
WPA(2)-PSK) and/or MAC filtering to protect your wireless
network.
Note: The NBG4115 may be prone to RF (Radio
Frequency) interference from other 2.4 GHz devices
such as microwave ovens, wireless phones,
Bluetooth enabled devices, and other wireless LANs.
Firmware UpgradeDownload new firmware (when available) from the ZyXEL web
site and use the Web Configurator to put it on the NBG4115.
Note: Only upload firmware for your specific model!
Configuration Backup &
Restoration Make a copy of the NBG4115’s configuration and put it back on
the NBG4115 later if you decide you want to revert back to an
earlier configuration.
Network Address
Translation (NAT) Each computer on your network must have its own unique IP
address. Use NAT to convert a single public IP address to
multiple private IP addresses forthe computers on your
network.
FirewallYou can configure firewall on the NBG4115 for secure Internet
access. When the firewall is on, by default, all incoming traffic
from the Internet to your network is blocked unless it is
initiated from your network. This means that probes from the
outside to your network are not allowed, but you can safely
browse the Internet and download files for example.
Content FilterThe NBG4115 blocks or allows access to web sites that you
specify and blocks access to web sites with URLs that contain
keywords that you specify. You can define time periods and
days during which content filtering is enabled. You can also
include or exclude particular computers on your network from
content filtering.
You can also subscribe to category-based content filtering that
allows your NBG4115 to check web sites against an external
database.
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Bandwidth Management You can efficiently manage traffic on your network by reserving
bandwidth and giving priority to certain types of traffic and/or
to particular computers.
Remote ManagementThis allows you to decide whether a service (HTTP or FTP traffic
for example) from a computer on a network (LAN or WAN for
example) can access the NBG4115.
Wireless LAN SchedulerYou can schedule the times the Wireless LAN is enabled/
disabled.
Time and DateGet the current time and date from an external server when
you turn on your NBG4115. You can also set the time manually.
These dates and times are then used in logs.
Port ForwardingIf you have a server (mail or web server for example) on your
network, then use this feature to let people access it from the
Internet.
DHCP (Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol) Use this feature to have the NBG4115 assign IP addresses, an
IP default gateway and DNS servers to computers on your
network.
Dynamic DNS SupportWith Dynamic DNS (Domain Name System) support, you can
use a fixed URL, www.zyxel.com for example, with a dynamic
IP address. You must register for this service with a Dynamic
DNS service provider.
IP MulticastIP Multicast is used to send traffic to a specific group of
computers. The NBG4115 supports versions 1 and 2 of IGMP
(Internet Group Management Protocol) used to join multicast
groups (see RFC 2236).
LoggingUse logs for troubleshooting. You can view logs in the Web
Configurator.
PPPoEPPPoE mimics a dial-up Internet access connection.
PPTP EncapsulationPoint-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) enables secure
transfer of data through a Virtual Private Network (VPN). The
NBG4115 supports one PPTP connection at a time.
Universal Plug and Play
(UPnP) The NBG4115 can communicate with other UPnP enabled
devices in a network.
Table 69 Firmware Features
FEATURE DESCRIPTION
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APPENDIX B
Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts
and Java Permissions
In order to use the Web Configurator you need to allow:
•Web browser pop-up windows from your device.
•JavaScripts (enabled by default).
•Java permissions (enabled by default).
Note: Internet Explorer 6 screens are used here. Screens for other Internet Explorer
versions may vary.
Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers
You may have to disable pop-up blocking to log into your device.
Either disable pop-up blocking (enabled by default in Windows XP SP (Service
Pack) 2) or allow pop-up blocking and create an exception for your device’s IP
address.
Disable pop-up Blockers
1In Internet Explorer, select Tools,Pop-up Blocker and then select Turn Off
Pop-up Blocker.
Figure 116 Pop-up Blocker
You can also check if pop-up blocking is disabled in the Pop-up Blocker section in
the Privacy tab.
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1In Internet Explorer, select Tools,Internet Options,Privacy.
2Clear the Block pop-ups check box in the Pop-up Blocker section of the screen.
This disables any web pop-up blockers you may have enabled.
Figure 117 Internet Options: Privacy
3Click Apply to save this setting.
Enable pop-up Blockers with Exceptions
Alternatively, if you only want to allow pop-up windows from your device, see the
following steps.
1In Internet Explorer, select Tools,Internet Options and then the Privacy tab.
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2Select Settings…to open the Pop-up Blocker Settings screen.
Figure 118 Internet Options: Privacy
3Type the IP address of your device (the web page that you do not want to have
blocked) with the prefix “http://”. For example, http://192.168.167.1.
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4Click Add to move the IP address to the list of Allowed sites.
Figure 119 Pop-up Blocker Settings
5Click Close to return to the Privacy screen.
6Click Apply to save this setting.
JavaScripts
If pages of the Web Configurator do not display properly in Internet Explorer,
check that JavaScripts are allowed.
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1In Internet Explorer, click Tools,Internet Options and then the Security tab.
Figure 120 Internet Options: Security
2Click the Custom Level... button.
3Scroll down to Scripting.
4Under Active scripting make sure that Enable is selected (the default).
5Under Scripting of Java applets make sure that Enable is selected (the
default).
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6Click OK to close the window.
Figure 121 Security Settings - Java Scripting
Java Permissions
1From Internet Explorer, click Tools,Internet Options and then the Security
tab.
2Click the Custom Level... button.
3Scroll down to Microsoft VM.
4Under Java permissions make sure that a safety level is selected.
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5Click OK to close the window.
Figure 122 Security Settings - Java
JAVA (Sun)
1From Internet Explorer, click Tools,Internet Options and then the Advanced
tab.
2Make sure that Use Java 2 for <applet> under Java (Sun) is selected.
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3Click OK to close the window.
Figure 123 Java (Sun)
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APPENDIX C
IP Addresses and Subnetting
This appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks.
IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device
(including computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to
communicate across the network. These networking devices are also known as
hosts.
Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network.
You can also use subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.
Introduction to IP Addresses
One part of the IP address is the network number, and the other part is the host
ID. In the same way that houses on a street share a common street name, the
hosts on a network share a common network number. Similarly, as each house
has its own house number, each host on the network has its own unique
identifying number - the host ID. Routers use the network number to send packets
to the correct network, while the host ID determines to which host on the network
the packets are delivered.
Structure
An IP address is made up of four parts, written in dotted decimal notation (for
example, 192.168.1.1). Each of these four parts is known as an octet. An octet is
an eight-digit binary number (for example 11000000, which is 192 in decimal
notation).
Therefore, each octet has a possible range of 00000000 to 11111111 in binary, or
0 to 255 in decimal.
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The following figure shows an example IP address in which the first three octets
(192.168.1) are the network number, and the fourth octet (16) is the host ID.
Figure 124 Network Number and Host ID
How much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID
varies according to the subnet mask.
Subnet Masks
A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number,
and which bits are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation). The term
“subnet” is short for “sub-network”.
A subnet mask has 32 bits. If a bit in the subnet mask is a “1” then the
corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network number. If a bit in the
subnet mask is “0” then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host
ID.
The following example shows a subnet mask identifying the network number (in
bold text) and host ID of an IP address (192.168.1.2 in decimal).
Table 70 Subnet Mask - Identifying Network Number
1ST
OCTET:
(192)
2ND
OCTET:
(168)
3RD
OCTET:
(1)
4TH
OCTET
(2)
IP Address (Binary)11000000101010000000000100000010
Subnet Mask (Binary) 111111111111111111111111 00000000
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By convention, subnet masks always consist of a continuous sequence of ones
beginning from the leftmost bit of the mask, followed by a continuous sequence of
zeros, for a total number of 32 bits.
Subnet masks can be referred to by the size of the network number part (the bits
with a “1” value). For example, an “8-bit mask” means that the first 8 bits of the
mask are ones and the remaining 24 bits are zeroes.
Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just like IP addresses. The
following examples show the binary and decimal notation for 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit
and 29-bit subnet masks.
Network Size
The size of the network number determines the maximum number of possible
hosts you can have on your network. The larger the number of network number
bits, the smaller the number of remaining host ID bits.
An IP address with host IDs of all zeros is the IP address of the network
(192.168.1.0 with a 24-bit subnet mask, for example). An IP address with host
IDs of all ones is the broadcast address for that network (192.168.1.255 with a
24-bit subnet mask, for example).
Network Number 110000001010100000000001
Host ID00000010
Table 71 Subnet Masks
BINARY
DECIMAL
1ST
OCTET 2ND
OCTET 3RD
OCTET 4TH
OCTET
8-bit mask 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 255.0.0.0
16-bit
mask 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000 255.255.0.0
24-bit
mask 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 255.255.255.0
29-bit
mask 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111000 255.255.255.24
8
Table 70 Subnet Mask - Identifying Network Number
1ST
OCTET:
(192)
2ND
OCTET:
(168)
3RD
OCTET:
(1)
4TH
OCTET
(2)
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As these two IP addresses cannot be used for individual hosts, calculate the
maximum number of possible hosts in a network as follows:
Notation
Since the mask is always a continuous number of ones beginning from the left,
followed by a continuous number of zeros for the remainder of the 32 bit mask,
you can simply specify the number of ones instead of writing the value of each
octet. This is usually specified by writing a “/” followed by the number of bits in
the mask after the address.
For example, 192.1.1.0 /25 is equivalent to saying 192.1.1.0 with subnet mask
255.255.255.128.
The following table shows some possible subnet masks using both notations.
Table 72 Maximum Host Numbers
SUBNET MASK HOST ID SIZE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF
HOSTS
8 bits255.0.0.024 bits2
24 – 216777214
16 bits255.255.0.016 bits2
16 – 265534
24 bits255.255.255.08 bits2
8
– 2254
29 bits255.255.255.2
48 3 bits2
3
– 26
Table 73 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation
SUBNET
MASK ALTERNATIVE
NOTATION LAST OCTET
(BINARY) LAST OCTET
(DECIMAL)
255.255.255.0 /24 0000 0000 0
255.255.255.12
8/25 1000 0000 128
255.255.255.19
2/26 1100 0000 192
255.255.255.22
4/27 1110 0000 224
255.255.255.24
0/28 1111 0000 240
255.255.255.24
8/29 1111 1000 248
255.255.255.25
2/30 1111 1100 252
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Subnetting
You can use subnetting to divide one network into multiple sub-networks. In the
following example a network administrator creates two sub-networks to isolate a
group of servers from the rest of the company network for security reasons.
In this example, the company network address is 192.168.1.0. The first three
octets of the address (192.168.1) are the network number, and the remaining
octet is the host ID, allowing a maximum of 28 – 2 or 254 possible hosts.
The following figure shows the company network before subnetting.
Figure 125 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting
You can “borrow” one of the host ID bits to divide the network 192.168.1.0 into
two separate sub-networks. The subnet mask is now 25 bits (255.255.255.128 or
/25).
The “borrowed” host ID bit can have a value of either 0 or 1, allowing two
subnets; 192.168.1.0 /25 and 192.168.1.128 /25.
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The following figure shows the company network after subnetting. There are now
two sub-networks, A and B.
Figure 126 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting
In a 25-bit subnet the host ID has 7 bits, so each sub-network has a maximum of
27 – 2 or 126 possible hosts (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet’s address itself,
all ones is the subnet’s broadcast address).
192.168.1.0 with mask 255.255.255.128 is subnet A itself, and 192.168.1.127
with mask 255.255.255.128 is its broadcast address. Therefore, the lowest IP
address that can be assigned to an actual host for subnet A is 192.168.1.1 and
the highest is 192.168.1.126.
Similarly, the host ID range for subnet B is 192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.254.
Example: Four Subnets
The previous example illustrated using a 25-bit subnet mask to divide a 24-bit
address into two subnets. Similarly, to divide a 24-bit address into four subnets,
you need to “borrow” two host ID bits to give four possible combinations (00, 01,
10 and 11). The subnet mask is 26 bits
(11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000) or 255.255.255.192.
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Each subnet contains 6 host ID bits, giving 26 - 2 or 62 hosts for each subnet (a
host ID of all zeroes is the subnet itself, all ones is the subnet’s broadcast
address).
Table 74 Subnet 1
IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT
VALUE
IP Address (Decimal) 192.168.1. 0
IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 00000000
Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000
Subnet Address:
192.168.1.0 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.1
Broadcast Address:
192.168.1.63 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.62
Table 75 Subnet 2
IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT
VALUE
IP Address 192.168.1. 64
IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 01000000
Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000
Subnet Address:
192.168.1.64 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.65
Broadcast Address:
192.168.1.127 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.126
Table 76 Subnet 3
IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT
VALUE
IP Address 192.168.1. 128
IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001. 10000000
Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000
Subnet Address:
192.168.1.128 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.129
Broadcast Address:
192.168.1.191 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.190
Table 77 Subnet 4
IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT
VALUE
IP Address 192.168.1. 192
IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001
.11000000
Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111
.11000000
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Example: Eight Subnets
Similarly, use a 27-bit mask to create eight subnets (000, 001, 010, 011, 100,
101, 110 and 111).
The following table shows IP address last octet values for each subnet.
Subnet Planning
The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 24-bit
network number.
Subnet Address:
192.168.1.192 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.193
Broadcast Address:
192.168.1.255 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.254
Table 77 Subnet 4 (continued)
IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT
VALUE
Table 78 Eight Subnets
SUBNET SUBNET
ADDRESS FIRST ADDRESS LAST
ADDRESS BROADCAST
ADDRESS
10130 31
2 32 33 62 63
3 64 65 94 95
4 96 97 126 127
5 128 129 158 159
6 160 161 190 191
7 192 193 222 223
8 224 225 254 255
Table 79 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning
NO. “BORROWED”
HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER
SUBNET
1255.255.255.128 (/25) 2 126
2 255.255.255.192 (/26) 4 62
3 255.255.255.224 (/27) 8 30
4 255.255.255.240 (/28) 16 14
5 255.255.255.248 (/29) 32 6
6 255.255.255.252 (/30) 64 2
7 255.255.255.254 (/31) 128 1
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The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 16-bit
network number.
Configuring IP Addresses
Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If
the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP
addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet
mask.
If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you
have a single user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when
the connection is established. If this is the case, it is recommended that you select
a network number from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0. The Internet Assigned
Number Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses specifically for private
use; please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise. You must
also enable Network Address Translation (NAT) on the NBG4115.
Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address for your
NBG4115 that is easy to remember (for instance, 192.168.1.1) but make sure
that no other device on your network is using that IP address.
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your
NBG4115 will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address
Table 80 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning
NO. “BORROWED”
HOST BITS SUBNET MASK NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER
SUBNET
1255.255.128.0 (/17) 2 32766
2 255.255.192.0 (/18) 4 16382
3 255.255.224.0 (/19) 8 8190
4255.255.240.0 (/20) 16 4094
5255.255.248.0 (/21) 32 2046
6255.255.252.0 (/22) 64 1022
7255.255.254.0 (/23) 128 510
8 255.255.255.0 (/24) 256 254
9 255.255.255.128 (/25) 512 126
10 255.255.255.192 (/26) 1024 62
11 255.255.255.224 (/27) 2048 30
12 255.255.255.240 (/28) 4096 14
13 255.255.255.248 (/29) 8192 6
14 255.255.255.252 (/30) 16384 2
15 255.255.255.254 (/31) 32768 1
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that you entered. You don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the
NBG4115 unless you are instructed to do otherwise.
Private IP Addresses
Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are
isolated from the Internet (running only between two branch offices, for example)
you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three
blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks:
•10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255
•172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255
•192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255
You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP, or it can be assigned
from a private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet
access is through an ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for
your local networks. On the other hand, if you are part of a much larger
organization, you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP
addresses.
Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;
always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment,
please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466,
Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.
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APPENDIX D
Setting up Your Computer’s IP
Address
All computers must have a 10M or 100M Ethernet adapter card and TCP/IP
installed.
Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems and
all versions of UNIX/LINUX include the software components you need to install
and use TCP/IP on your computer. Windows 3.1 requires the purchase of a third-
party TCP/IP application package.
TCP/IP should already be installed on computers using Windows NT/2000/XP,
Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems.
After the appropriate TCP/IP components are installed, configure the TCP/IP
settings in order to "communicate" with your network.
If you manually assign IP information instead of using dynamic assignment, make
sure that your computers have IP addresses that place them in the same subnet
as the Prestige’s LAN port.
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Windows 95/98/Me
Click Start,Settings,Control Panel and double-click the Network icon to open
the Network window.
Figure 127 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration
Installing Components
The Network window Configuration tab displays a list of installed components.
You need a network adapter, the TCP/IP protocol and Client for Microsoft
Networks.
If you need the adapter:
1In the Network window, click Add.
2Select Adapter and then click Add.
3Select the manufacturer and model of your network adapter and then click OK.
If you need TCP/IP:
1In the Network window, click Add.
2Select Protocol and then click Add.
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3Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.
4Select TCP/IP from the list of network protocols and then click OK.
If you need Client for Microsoft Networks:
1Click Add.
2Select Client and then click Add.
3Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers.
4Select Client for Microsoft Networks from the list of network clients and then
click OK.
5Restart your computer so the changes you made take effect.
Configuring
1In the Network window Configuration tab, select your network adapter's TCP/IP
entry and click Properties
2Click the IP Address tab.
•If your IP address is dynamic, select Obtain an IP address automatically.
•If you have a static IP address, select Specify an IP address and type your
information into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields.
Figure 128 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address
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3Click the DNS Configuration tab.
•If you do not know your DNS information, select Disable DNS.
•If you know your DNS information, select Enable DNS and type the
information in the fields below (you may not need to fill them all in).
Figure 129 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration
4Click the Gateway tab.
•If you do not know your gateway’s IP address, remove previously installed
gateways.
•If you have a gateway IP address, type it in the New gateway field and click
Add.
5Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP Properties window.
6Click OK to close the Network window. Insert the Windows CD if prompted.
7Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer when prompted.
Verifying Settings
1Click Start and then Run.
2In the Run window, type "winipcfg" and then click OK to open the IP
Configuration window.
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3Select your network adapter. You should see your computer's IP address, subnet
mask and default gateway.
Windows 2000/NT/XP
The following example figures use the default Windows XP GUI theme.
1Click start (Start in Windows 2000/NT), Settings,Control Panel.
Figure 130 Windows XP: Start Menu
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2In the Control Panel, double-click Network Connections (Network and Dial-
up Connections in Windows 2000/NT).
Figure 131 Windows XP: Control Panel
3Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties.
Figure 132 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties
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4Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (under the General tab in Win XP) and then
click Properties.
Figure 133 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties
5The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens (the General tab in
Windows XP).
•If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address
automatically.
•If you have a static IP address click Use the following IP Address and fill in
the IP address,Subnet mask, and Default gateway fields.
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•Click Advanced.
Figure 134 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties
6 If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed
gateways in the IP Settings tab and click OK.
Do one or more of the following if you want to configure additional IP addresses:
•In the IP Settings tab, in IP addresses, click Add.
•In TCP/IP Address, type an IP address in IP address and a subnet mask in
Subnet mask, and then click Add.
•Repeat the above two steps for each IP address you want to add.
•Configure additional default gateways in the IP Settings tab by clicking Add
in Default gateways.
•In TCP/IP Gateway Address, type the IP address of the default gateway in
Gateway. To manually configure a default metric (the number of transmission
hops), clear the Automatic metric check box and type a metric in Metric.
•Click Add.
•Repeat the previous three steps for each default gateway you want to add.
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•Click OK when finished.
Figure 135 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties
7In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window (the General tab in
Windows XP):
•Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know your
DNS server IP address(es).
•If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click Use the following DNS
server addresses, and type them in the Preferred DNSserver and
Alternate DNS server fields.
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If you have previously configured DNS servers, click Advanced and then the
DNS tab to order them.
Figure 136 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties
8Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window.
9Click Close (OK in Windows 2000/NT) to close the Local Area Connection
Properties window.
10 Close the Network Connections window (Network and Dial-up Connections
in Windows 2000/NT).
11 Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted).
Verifying Settings
1Click Start,All Programs,Accessories and then Command Prompt.
2In the Command Prompt window, type "ipconfig" and then press [ENTER]. You
can also open Network Connections, right-click a network connection, click
Status and then click the Support tab.
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Macintosh OS 8/9
1Click the Apple menu, Control Panel and double-click TCP/IP to open the TCP/
IP Control Panel.
Figure 137 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu
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2Select Ethernet built-in from the Connect via list.
Figure 138 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP
3For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP Server from the
Configure: list.
4For statically assigned settings, do the following:
•From the Configure box, select Manually.
•Type your IP address in the IP Address box.
•Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.
•Type the IP address of your Prestige in the Router address box.
5Close the TCP/IP Control Panel.
6Click Save if prompted, to save changes to your configuration.
7Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted).
Verifying Settings
Check your TCP/IP properties in the TCP/IP Control Panel window.
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Macintosh OS X
1Click the Apple menu, and click System Preferences to open the System
Preferences window.
Figure 139 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu
2Click Network in the icon bar.
•Select Automatic from the Location list.
•Select Built-in Ethernet from the Show list.
•Click the TCP/IP tab.
3For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP from the Configure list.
Figure 140 Macintosh OS X: Network
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4For statically assigned settings, do the following:
•From the Configure box, select Manually.
•Type your IP address in the IP Address box.
•Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box.
•Type the IP address of your Prestige in the Router address box.
5Click Apply Now and close the window.
6Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted).
Verifying Settings
Check your TCP/IP properties in the Network window.
Linux
This section shows you how to configure your computer’s TCP/IP settings in Red
Hat Linux 9.0. Procedure, screens and file location may vary depending on your
Linux distribution and release version.
Note: Make sure you are logged in as the root administrator.
Using the K Desktop Environment (KDE)
Follow the steps below to configure your computer IP address using the KDE.
1Click the Red Hat button (located on the bottom left corner), select System
Setting and click Network.
Figure 141 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices
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2Double-click on the profile of the network card you wish to configure. The
Ethernet Device General screen displays as shown.
Figure 142 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General
•If you have a dynamic IP address click Automatically obtain IP address
settings with and select dhcp from the drop down list.
•If you have a static IP address click Statically set IP Addresses and fill in
the Address,Subnet mask, and Default Gateway Address fields.
3Click OK to save the changes and close the Ethernet Device General screen.
4If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click the DNS tab in the Network
Configuration screen. Enter the DNS server information in the fields provided.
Figure 143 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS
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5Click the Devices tab.
6Click the Activate button to apply the changes. The following screen displays.
Click Yes to save the changes in all screens.
Figure 144 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate
7After the network card restart process is complete, make sure the Status is
Active in the Network Configuration screen.
Using Configuration Files
Follow the steps below to edit the network configuration files and set your
computer IP address.
1Assuming that you have only one network card on the computer, locate the
ifconfig-eth0 configuration file (where eth0 is the name of the Ethernet card).
Open the configuration file with any plain text editor.
•If you have a dynamic IP address, enter dhcp in the BOOTPROTO= field. The
following figure shows an example.
Figure 145 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
USERCTL=no
PEERDNS=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
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•If you have a static IP address, enter static in the BOOTPROTO= field. Type
IPADDR= followed by the IP address (in dotted decimal notation) and type
NETMASK= followed by the subnet mask. The following example shows an
example where the static IP address is 192.168.1.10 and the subnet mask is
255.255.255.0.
Figure 146 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0
2If you know your DNS server IP address(es), enter the DNS server information in
the resolv.conf file in the /etc directory. The following figure shows an example
where two DNS server IP addresses are specified.
Figure 147 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf
3After you edit and save the configuration files, you must restart the network card.
Enter./network restart in the /etc/rc.d/init.d directory. The following figure
shows an example.
Figure 148 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.1.10
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
USERCTL=no
PEERDNS=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
nameserver 172.23.5.1
nameserver 172.23.5.2
[root@localhost init.d]# network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [OK]
Shutting down loopback interface: [OK]
Setting network parameters: [OK]
Bringing up loopback interface: [OK]
Bringing up interface eth0: [OK]
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24.6.1 Verifying Settings
Enter ifconfig in a terminal screen to check your TCP/IP properties.
Figure 149 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties
[root@localhost]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:BA:72:5B:44
inet addr:172.23.19.129 Bcast:172.23.19.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:717 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
RX bytes:730412 (713.2 Kb) TX bytes:1570 (1.5 Kb)
Interrupt:10 Base address:0x1000
[root@localhost]#
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APPENDIX E
Wireless LANs
Wireless LAN Topologies
This section discusses ad-hoc and infrastructure wireless LAN topologies.
Ad-hoc Wireless LAN Configuration
The simplest WLAN configuration is an independent (Ad-hoc) WLAN that connects
a set of computers with wireless stations (A, B, C). Any time two or more wireless
adapters are within range of each other, they can set up an independent network,
which is commonly referred to as an Ad-hoc network or Independent Basic Service
Set (IBSS). The following diagram shows an example of notebook computers
using wireless adapters to form an Ad-hoc wireless LAN.
Figure 150 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network
BSS
A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless
stations or between a wireless station and a wired network client go through one
access point (AP).
Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless stations in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is
enabled, wireless station A and B can access the wired network and communicate
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with each other. When Intra-BSS is disabled, wireless station A and B can still
access the wired network but cannot communicate with each other.
Figure 151 Basic Service Set
ESS
An Extended Service Set (ESS) consists of a series of overlapping BSSs, each
containing an access point, with each access point connected together by a wired
network. This wired connection between APs is called a Distribution System (DS).
This type of wireless LAN topology is called an Infrastructure WLAN. The Access
Points not only provide communication with the wired network but also mediate
wireless network traffic in the immediate neighborhood.
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An ESSID (ESS IDentification) uniquely identifies each ESS. All access points and
their associated wireless stations within the same ESS must have the same ESSID
in order to communicate.
Figure 152 Infrastructure WLAN
Channel
A channel is the radio frequency(ies) used by IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless devices.
Channels available depend on your geographical area. You may have a choice of
channels (for your region) so you should use a different channel than an adjacent
AP (access point) to reduce interference. Interference occurs when radio signals
from different access points overlap causing interference and degrading
performance.
Adjacent channels partially overlap however. To avoid interference due to overlap,
your AP should be on a channel at least five channels away from a channel that an
adjacent AP is using. For example, if your region has 11 channels and an adjacent
AP is using channel 1, then you need to select a channel between 6 or 11.
RTS/CTS
A hidden node occurs when two stations are within range of the same access
point, but are not within range of each other. The following figure illustrates a
hidden node. Both stations (STA) are within range of the access point (AP) or
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wireless gateway, but out-of-range of each other, so they cannot "hear" each
other, that is they do not know if the channel is currently being used. Therefore,
they are considered hidden from each other.
Figure 153 RTS/CTS
When station A sends data to the AP, it might not know that the station B is
already using the channel. If these two stations send data at the same time,
collisions may occur when both sets of data arrive at the AP at the same time,
resulting in a loss of messages for both stations.
RTS/CTS is designed to prevent collisions due to hidden nodes. An RTS/CTS
defines the biggest size data frame you can send before an RTS (Request To
Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake is invoked.
When a data frame exceeds the RTS/CTS value you set (between 0 to 2432
bytes), the station that wants to transmit this frame must first send an RTS
(Request To Send) message to the AP for permission to send it. The AP then
responds with a CTS (Clear to Send) message to all other stations within its range
to notify them to defer their transmission. It also reserves and confirms with the
requesting station the time frame for the requested transmission.
Stations can send frames smaller than the specified RTS/CTS directly to the AP
without the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake.
You should only configure RTS/CTS if the possibility of hidden nodes exists on
your network and the "cost" of resending large frames is more than the extra
network overhead involved in the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send)
handshake.
If the RTS/CTS value is greater than the Fragmentation Threshold value (see
next), then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never
occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size.
Note: Enabling the RTS Threshold causes redundant network overhead that could
negatively affect the throughput performance instead of providing a remedy.
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Fragmentation Threshold
AFragmentation Threshold is the maximum data fragment size (between 256
and 2432 bytes) that can be sent in the wireless network before the AP will
fragment the packet into smaller data frames.
A large Fragmentation Threshold is recommended for networks not prone to
interference while you should set a smaller threshold for busy networks or
networks that are prone to interference.
If the Fragmentation Threshold value is smaller than the RTS/CTS value (see
previously) you set then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send)
handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach
RTS/CTS size.
Preamble Type
A preamble is used to synchronize the transmission timing in your wireless
network. There are two preamble modes: Long and Short.
Short preamble takes less time to process and minimizes overhead, so it should
be used in a good wireless network environment when all wireless stations
support it.
Select Long if you have a ‘noisy’ network or are unsure of what preamble mode
your wireless stations support as all IEEE 802.11b compliant wireless adapters
must support long preamble. However, not all wireless adapters support short
preamble. Use long preamble if you are unsure what preamble mode the wireless
adapters support, to ensure interpretability between the AP and the wireless
stations and to provide more reliable communication in ‘noisy’ networks.
Select Dynamic to have the AP automatically use short preamble when all
wireless stations support it, otherwise the AP uses long preamble.
Note: The AP and the wireless stations MUSTuse the same preamble mode in order
to communicate.
IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN
IEEE 802.11g is fully compatible with the IEEE 802.11b standard. This means an
IEEE 802.11b adapter can interface directly with an IEEE 802.11g access point
(and vice versa) at 11 Mbps or lower depending on range. IEEE 802.11g has
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several intermediate rate steps between the maximum and minimum data rates.
The IEEE 802.11g data rate and modulation are as follows:
IEEE 802.1x
In June 2001, the IEEE 802.1x standard was designed to extend the features of
IEEE 802.11 to support extended authentication as well as providing additional
accounting and control features. It is supported by Windows XP and a number of
network devices. Some advantages of IEEE 802.1x are:
•User based identification that allows for roaming.
•Support for RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service, RFC 2138,
2139) for centralized user profile and accounting management on a network
RADIUS server.
•Support for EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol, RFC 2486) that allows
additional authentication methods to be deployed with no changes to the access
point or the wireless stations.
RADIUS
RADIUS is based on a client-server model that supports authentication,
authorization and accounting. The access point is the client and the server is the
RADIUS server. The RADIUS server handles the following tasks:
•Authentication
Determines the identity of the users.
•Authorization
Determines the network services available to authenticated users once they are
connected to the network.
•Accounting
Keeps track of the client’s network activity.
RADIUS is a simple package exchange in which your AP acts as a message relay
between the wireless station and the network RADIUS server.
Table 81 IEEE 802.11g
DATA RATE
(MBPS) MODULATION
1DBPSK (Differential Binary Phase Shift Keyed)
2DQPSK (Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)
5.5 / 11CCK (Complementary Code Keying)
6/9/12/18/24/36/
48/54 OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)
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Types of RADIUS Messages
The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point
and the RADIUS server for user authentication:
•Access-Request
Sent by an access point requesting authentication.
•Access-Reject
Sent by a RADIUS server rejecting access.
•Access-Accept
Sent by a RADIUS server allowing access.
•Access-Challenge
Sent by a RADIUS server requesting more information in order to allow access.
The access point sends a proper response from the user and then sends another
Access-Request message.
The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point
and the RADIUS server for user accounting:
•Accounting-Request
Sent by the access point requesting accounting.
•Accounting-Response
Sent by the RADIUS server to indicate that it has started or stopped accounting.
In order to ensure network security, the access point and the RADIUS server use a
shared secret key, which is a password, they both know. The key is not sent over
the network. In addition to the shared key, password information exchanged is
also encrypted to protect the network from unauthorized access.
Types of Authentication
This appendix discusses some popular authentication types: EAP-MD5,EAP-TLS,
EAP-TTLS,PEAP and LEAP.
The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server or the AP.
Consult your network administrator for more information.
EAP-MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5)
MD5 authentication is the simplest one-way authentication method. The
authentication server sends a challenge to the wireless station. The wireless
station ‘proves’ that it knows the password by encrypting the password with the
challenge and sends back the information. Password is not sent in plain text.
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However, MD5 authentication has some weaknesses. Since the authentication
server needs to get the plaintext passwords, the passwords must be stored. Thus
someone other than the authentication server may access the password file. In
addition, it is possible to impersonate an authentication server as MD5
authentication method does not perform mutual authentication. Finally, MD5
authentication method does not support data encryption with dynamic session
key. You must configure WEP encryption keys for data encryption.
EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security)
With EAP-TLS, digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless
stations for mutual authentication. The server presents a certificate to the client.
After validating the identity of the server, the client sends a different certificate to
the server. The exchange of certificates is done in the open before a secured
tunnel is created. This makes user identity vulnerable to passive attacks. A digital
certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the sender’s identity.
However, to implement EAP-TLS, you need a Certificate Authority (CA) to handle
certificates, which imposes a management overhead.
EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service)
EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for
only the server-side authentications to establish a secure connection. Client
authentication is then done by sending username and password through the
secure connection, thus client identity is protected. For client authentication, EAP-
TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy authentication methods such as PAP,
CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2.
PEAP (Protected EAP)
Like EAP-TTLS, server-side certificate authentication is used to establish a secure
connection, then use simple username and password methods through the
secured connection to authenticate the clients, thus hiding client identity.
However, PEAP only supports EAP methods, such as EAP-MD5, EAP-MSCHAPv2
and EAP-GTC (EAP-Generic Token Card), for client authentication. EAP-GTC is
implemented only by Cisco.
LEAP
LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) is a Cisco implementation of
IEEE 802.1x.
Dynamic WEP Key Exchange
The AP maps a unique key that is generated with the RADIUS server. This key
expires when the wireless connection times out, disconnects or reauthentication
times out. A new WEP key is generated each time reauthentication is performed.
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If this feature is enabled, it is not necessary to configure a default encryption key
in the Wireless screen. You may still configure and store keys here, but they will
not be used while Dynamic WEP is enabled.
Note: EAP-MD5 cannot be used with dynamic WEP key exchange
For added security, certificate-based authentications (EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and
PEAP) use dynamic keys for data encryption. They are often deployed in corporate
environments, but for public deployment, a simple user name and password pair
is more practical. The following table is a comparison of the features of
authentication types.
WPA(2)
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. WPA2
(IEEE 802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption,
authentication and key management than WPA.
Key differences between WPA(2) and WEP are improved data encryption and user
authentication.
Encryption
Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity
Protocol (TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. In addition to
TKIP, WPA2 also uses Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode
with Cipher block chaining Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer
stronger encryption.
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) uses 128-bit keys that are dynamically
generated and distributed by the authentication server. It includes a per-packet
key mixing function, a Message Integrity Check (MIC) named Michael, an
extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying
mechanism.
Table 82 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types
EAP-MD5 EAP-TLS EAP-TTLS PEAP LEAP
Mutual Authentication No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Certificate – Client No Yes Optional Optional No
Certificate – Server No Yes Yes Yes No
Dynamic Key Exchange No Yes Yes Yes Yes
Credential Integrity None Strong Strong Strong Moderate
Deployment Difficulty Easy Hard Moderate Moderate Moderate
Client Identity
Protection No No Yes Yes No
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TKIP regularly changes and rotates the encryption keys so that the same
encryption key is never used twice. The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise
Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and
management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically generate unique data
encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated
between the AP and the wireless clients. This all happens in the background
automatically.
WPA2 AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a block cipher that uses a 256-bit
mathematical algorithm called Rijndael.
The Message Integrity Check (MIC) is designed to prevent an attacker from
capturing data packets, altering them and resending them. The MIC provides a
strong mathematical function in which the receiver and the transmitter each
compute and then compare the MIC. If they do not match, it is assumed that the
data has been tampered with and the packet is dropped.
By generating unique data encryption keys for every data packet and by creating
an integrity checking mechanism (MIC), TKIP makes it much more difficult to
decode data on a Wi-Fi network than WEP, making it difficult for an intruder to
break into the network.
The encryption mechanisms used for WPA and WPA-PSK are the same. The only
difference between the two is that WPA-PSK uses a simple common password,
instead of user-specific credentials. The common-password approach makes WPA-
PSK susceptible to brute-force password-guessing attacks but it's still an
improvement over WEP as it employs an easier-to-use, consistent, single,
alphanumeric password.
User Authentication
WPA or WPA2 applies IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to
authenticate wireless clients using an external RADIUS database.
If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external
RADIUS server, use WPA2 for stronger data encryption. If you don't have an
external RADIUS server, you should use WPA2 -PSK (WPA2 -Pre-Shared Key) that
only requires a single (identical) password entered into each access point, wireless
gateway and wireless client. As long as the passwords match, a wireless client will
be granted access to a WLAN.
If the AP or the wireless clients do not support WPA2, just use WPA or WPA-PSK
depending on whether you have an external RADIUS server or not.
Select WEP only when the AP and/or wireless clients do not support WPA or WPA2.
WEP is less secure than WPA or WPA2.
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24.6.2 WPA(2)-PSK Application Example
A WPA(2)-PSK application looks as follows.
1First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients. The Pre-Shared
Key (PSK) must consist of between 8 and 63 ASCII characters (including spaces
and symbols).
2The AP checks each wireless client's password and (only) allows it to join the
network if the password matches.
3The AP derives and distributes keys to the wireless clients.
4The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process to encrypt
data exchanged between them.
Figure 154 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication
24.6.3 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example
You need the IP address of the RADIUS server, its port number (default is 1812),
and the RADIUS shared secret. A WPA(2) application example with an external
RADIUS server looks as follows. "A" is the RADIUS server. "DS" is the distribution
system.
1The AP passes the wireless client's authentication request to the RADIUS server.
2The RADIUS server then checks the user's identification against its database and
grants or denies network access accordingly.
3The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that
then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to
dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet
that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients.
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Security Parameters Summary
Refer to this table to see what other security parameters you should configure for
each Authentication Method/ key management protocol type. MAC address filters
are not dependent on how you configure these security features.
Table 83 Wireless Security Relational Matrix
AUTHENTICATION
METHOD/ KEY
MANAGEMENT
PROTOCOL
ENCRYPTIO
N METHOD ENTER
MANUAL KEY IEEE 802.1X
OpenNoneNoDisable
Enable without Dynamic WEP
Key
Open WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP
Key
Yes Enable without Dynamic WEP
Key
Yes Disable
Shared WEP No Enable with Dynamic WEP
Key
Yes Enable without Dynamic WEP
Key
Yes Disable
WPA TKIP No Enable
WPA-PSK TKIP Yes Enable
WPA2 AES No Enable
WPA2-PSK AES Yes Enable
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APPENDIX F
Services
The following table lists some commonly-used services and their associated
protocols and port numbers.
•Name: This is a short, descriptive name for the service. You can use this one or
create a different one, if you like.
•Protocol: This is the type of IP protocol used by the service. If this is TCP/
UDP, then the service uses the same port number with TCP and UDP. If this is
User-Defined, the Port(s) is the IP protocol number, not the port number.
•Port(s): This value depends on the Protocol.
•If the Protocol is TCP,UDP, or TCP/UDP, this is the IP port number.
•If the Protocol is USER, this is the IP protocol number.
•Description: This is a brief explanation of the applications that use this service
or the situations in which this service is used.
Table 84 Examples of Services
NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTION
AH
(IPSEC_TUNNEL) User-Defined 51 The IPSEC AH (Authentication Header)
tunneling protocol uses this service.
AIM TCP 5190 AOL’s Internet Messenger service.
AUTH TCP 113 Authentication protocol used by some
servers.
BGP TCP 179 Border Gateway Protocol.
BOOTP_CLIENT UDP 68 DHCP Client.
BOOTP_SERVER UDP 67 DHCP Server.
CU-SEEME TCP/UDP
TCP/UDP
7648
24032
A popular videoconferencing solution
from White Pines Software.
DNS TCP/UDP 53 Domain Name Server, a service that
matches web names (e.g.
www.zyxel.com) to IP numbers.
ESP
(IPSEC_TUNNEL) User-Defined 50 The IPSEC ESP (Encapsulation
Security Protocol) tunneling protocol
uses this service.
FINGER TCP 79 Finger is a UNIX or Internet related
command that can be used to find out
if a user is logged on.
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FTP TCP
TCP
20
21
File Transfer Program, a program to
enable fast transfer of files, including
large files that may not be possible by
e-mail.
H.323 TCP 1720 NetMeeting uses this protocol.
HTTP TCP 80 Hyper Text Transfer Protocol - a client/
server protocol for the world wide
web.
HTTPS TCP 443 HTTPS is a secured http session often
used in e-commerce.
ICMP User-Defined 1 Internet Control Message Protocol is
often used for diagnostic purposes.
ICQ UDP 4000 This is a popular Internet chat
program.
IGMP
(MULTICAST) User-Defined 2 Internet Group Multicast Protocol is
used when sending packets to a
specific group of hosts.
IKE UDP 500 The Internet Key Exchange algorithm
is used for key distribution and
management.
IMAP4 TCP 143 The Internet Message Access Protocol
is used for e-mail.
IMAP4S TCP 993 This is a more secure version of IMAP4
that runs over SSL.
IRC TCP/UDP 6667 This is another popular Internet chat
program.
MSN Messenger TCP 1863 Microsoft Networks’ messenger
service uses this protocol.
NetBIOS TCP/UDP
TCP/UDP
TCP/UDP
TCP/UDP
137
138
139
445
The Network Basic Input/Output
System is used for communication
between computers in a LAN.
NEW-ICQ TCP 5190 An Internet chat program.
NEWS TCP 144 A protocol for news groups.
NFS UDP 2049 Network File System - NFS is a client/
server distributed file service that
provides transparent file sharing for
network environments.
NNTP TCP 119 Network News Transport Protocol is
the delivery mechanism for the
USENET newsgroup service.
PING User-Defined 1 Packet INternet Groper is a protocol
that sends out ICMP echo requests to
test whether or not a remote host is
reachable.
Table 84 Examples of Services (continued)
NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTION
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POP3 TCP 110 Post Office Protocol version 3 lets a
client computer get e-mail from a
POP3 server through a temporary
connection (TCP/IP or other).
POP3S TCP 995 This is a more secure version of POP3
that runs over SSL.
PPTP TCP 1723 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
enables secure transfer of data over
public networks. This is the control
channel.
PPTP_TUNNEL
(GRE) User-Defined 47 PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling
Protocol) enables secure transfer of
data over public networks. This is the
data channel.
RCMD TCP 512 Remote Command Service.
REAL_AUDIO TCP 7070 A streaming audio service that
enables real time sound over the web.
REXEC TCP 514 Remote Execution Daemon.
RLOGIN TCP 513 Remote Login.
ROADRUNNER TCP/UDP 1026 This is an ISP that provides services
mainly for cable modems.
RTELNET TCP 107 Remote Telnet.
RTSP TCP/UDP 554 The Real Time Streaming (media
control) Protocol (RTSP) is a remote
control for multimedia on the
Internet.
SFTP TCP 115 The Simple File Transfer Protocol is an
old way of transferring files between
computers.
SMTP TCP 25 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the
message-exchange standard for the
Internet. SMTP enables you to move
messages from one e-mail server to
another.
SMTPS TCP 465 This is a more secure version of SMTP
that runs over SSL.
SNMP TCP/UDP 161 Simple Network Management
Program.
SNMP-TRAPS TCP/UDP 162 Traps for use with the SNMP
(RFC:1215).
SQL-NET TCP 1521 Structured Query Language is an
interface to access data on many
different types of database systems,
including mainframes, midrange
systems, UNIX systems and network
servers.
Table 84 Examples of Services (continued)
NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTION
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SSDP UDP 1900 The Simple Service Discovery Protocol
supports Universal Plug-and-Play
(UPnP).
SSH TCP/UDP 22 Secure Shell Remote Login Program.
STRM WORKS UDP 1558 Stream Works Protocol.
SYSLOG UDP 514 Syslog allows you to send system logs
to a UNIX server.
TACACS UDP 49 Login Host Protocol used for (Terminal
Access Controller Access Control
System).
TELNET TCP 23 Telnet is the login and terminal
emulation protocol common on the
Internet and in UNIX environments. It
operates over TCP/IP networks. Its
primary function is to allow users to
log into remote host systems.
TFTP UDP 69 Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an
Internet file transfer protocol similar
to FTP, but uses the UDP (User
Datagram Protocol) rather than TCP
(Transmission Control Protocol).
VDOLIVE TCP
UDP
7000
user-
defined
A videoconferencing solution. The UDP
port number is specified in the
application.
Table 84 Examples of Services (continued)
NAME PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTION
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APPENDIX G
Legal Information
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole,
transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic,
optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any
products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under
its patent rights nor the patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right
to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This publication
is subject to change without notice.
Certifications
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement
The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions:
•This device may not cause harmful interference.
•This device must accept any interference received, including interference that
may cause undesired operations.
This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B
digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This device generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy,
and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause
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harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee
that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
If this device does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which
can be determined by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try
to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
1Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
2Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
3Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
4Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
• This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any
other antenna or transmitter.
• IEEE 802.11b or 802.11g operation of this product in the U.S.A. is firmware-
limited to channels 1 through 11.
• To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation
distance of at least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this
device and all persons.
Industry Canada Statement
This device complies with RSS-210 of the Industry Canada Rules. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions:
1this device may not cause interference and
2this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause
undesired operation of the device
This device has been designed to operate with an antenna having a maximum
gain of 2dBi.
Antenna having a higher gain is strictly prohibited per regulations of Industry
Canada. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.
FCC Caution:
A
ny changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.
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(except tested device)
Appendix GLegal Information
User’s Guide 269
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain
should be so chosen that the EIRP is not more than required for successful
communication.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
IC Radiation Exposure Statement:
This equipment complies with IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an
uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with
minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body.
Notices
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
This device has been designed for the WLAN 2.4 GHz network throughout the EC
region and Switzerland, with restrictions in France.
This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du
Canada.
Viewing Certifications
1Go to http://www.zyxel.com.
2Select your product on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's page.
3Select the certification you wish to view from this page.
Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal Information
User’s Guide
270
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from
any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the
date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should
the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or
materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or
components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it
shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating
condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally
equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of
ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused,
tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working
conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of
the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied,
including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or
purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential
damages of any kind to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact your vendor. You may also refer to
the warranty policy for the region in which you bought the device at http://
www.zyxel.com/web/support_warranty_info.php.
Registration
Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and
information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for
North American products.
End-User License Agreement
WARNING: ZyXEL Communications Corp. IS WILLING TO LICENSE THE
ENCLOSED SOFTWARE TO YOU ONLY UPON THE CONDITION THAT YOU ACCEPT
ALL OF THE TERMS CONTAINED IN THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. PLEASE READ
THE TERMS CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING THE INSTALLATION PROCESS AS
INSTALLING THE SOFTWARE WILL INDICATE YOUR ASSENT TO THEM. IF YOU DO
NOT AGREE TO THESE TERMS, THEN ZyXEL, INC. IS UNWILLING TO LICENSE THE
SOFTWARE TO YOU, IN WHICH EVENT YOU SHOULD RETURN THE UNINSTALLED
SOFTWARE AND PACKAGING TO THE PLACE FROM WHICH IT WAS ACQUIRED,
AND YOUR MONEY WILL BE REFUNDED.
Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal Information
User’s Guide 271
1Grant of License for Personal Use
ZyXEL Communications Corp. ("ZyXEL") grants you a non-exclusive, non-
sublicense, non-transferable license to use the program with which this license is
distributed (the "Software"), including any documentation files accompanying the
Software ("Documentation"), for internal business use only, for up to the number
of users specified in sales order and invoice. You have the right to make one
backup copy of the Software and Documentation solely for archival, back-up or
disaster recovery purposes. You shall not exceed the scope of the license granted
hereunder. Any rights not expressly granted by ZyXEL to you are reserved by
ZyXEL, and all implied licenses are disclaimed.
2Ownership
You have no ownership rights in the Software. Rather, you have a license to use
the Software as long as this License Agreement remains in full force and effect.
Ownership of the Software, Documentation and all intellectual property rights
therein shall remain at all times with ZyXEL. Any other use of the Software by any
other entity is strictly forbidden and is a violation of this License Agreement.
3Copyright
The Software and Documentation contain material that is protected by United
States Copyright Law and trade secret law, and by international treaty provisions.
All rights not granted to you herein are expressly reserved by ZyXEL. You may not
remove any proprietary notice of ZyXEL or any of its licensors from any copy of
the Software or Documentation.
4Restrictions
You may not publish, display, disclose, sell, rent, lease, modify, store, loan,
distribute, or create derivative works of the Software, or any part thereof. You
may not assign, sublicense, convey or otherwise transfer, pledge as security or
otherwise encumber the rights and licenses granted hereunder with respect to the
Software. Certain components of the Software, and third party open source
programs included with the Software, have been or may be made available by
ZyXEL on its Open Source web site (ftp://opensource.zyxel.com) (collectively the
"Open-Sourced Components") You may modify or replace only these Open-
Sourced Components; provided that you comply with the terms of this License and
any applicable licensing terms governing use of the Open-Sourced Components.
ZyXEL is not obligated to provide any maintenance, technical or other support for
the resultant modified Software. You may not copy, reverse engineer, decompile,
reverse compile, translate, adapt, or disassemble the Software, or any part
thereof, nor shall you attempt to create the source code from the object code for
the Software. Except as and only to the extent expressly permitted in this License,
by applicable licensing terms governing use of the Open-Sourced Components, or
by applicable law, you may not market, co-brand, private label or otherwise
Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal Information
User’s Guide
272
permit third parties to link to the Software, or any part thereof. You may not use
the Software, or any part thereof, in the operation of a service bureau or for the
benefit of any other person or entity. You may not cause, assist or permit any
third party to do any of the foregoing. Portions of the Software utilize or include
third party software and other copyright material. Acknowledgements, licensing
terms and disclaimers for such material are contained in the online electronic
documentation for the Software (ftp://opensource.zyxel.com), and your use of
such material is governed by their respective terms. ZyXEL has provided, as part
of the Software package, access to certain third party software as a convenience.
To the extent that the Software contains third party software, ZyXEL has no
express or implied obligation to provide any technical or other support for such
software. Please contact the appropriate software vendor or manufacturer directly
for technical support and customer service related to its software and products.
5Confidentiality
You acknowledge that the Software contains proprietary trade secrets of ZyXEL
and you hereby agree to maintain the confidentiality of the Software using at least
as great a degree of care as you use to maintain the confidentiality of your own
most confidential information. You agree to reasonably communicate the terms
and conditions of this License Agreement to those persons employed by you who
come into contact with the Software, and to use reasonable best efforts to ensure
their compliance with such terms and conditions, including, without limitation, not
knowingly permitting such persons to use any portion of the Software for the
purpose of deriving the source code of the Software.
6No Warranty
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS." TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY
LAW, ZyXEL DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ZyXEL DOES
NOT WARRANT THAT THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET
ANY REQUIREMENTS OR NEEDS YOU MAY HAVE, OR THAT THE SOFTWARE WILL
OPERATE ERROR FREE, OR IN AN UNINTERUPTED FASHION, OR THAT ANY
DEFECTS OR ERRORS IN THE SOFTWARE WILL BE CORRECTED, OR THAT THE
SOFTWARE IS COMPATIBLE WITH ANY PARTICULAR PLATFORM. SOME
JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE WAIVER OR EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED
WARRANTIES SO THEY MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. IF THIS EXCLUSION IS HELD TO
BE UNENFORCEABLE BY A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION, THEN ALL
EXPRESS AND IMPLIED WARRANTIES SHALL BE LIMITED IN DURATION TO A
PERIOD OF THIRTY (30) DAYS FROM THE DATE OF PURCHASE OF THE SOFTWARE,
AND NO WARRANTIES SHALL APPLY AFTER THAT PERIOD.
7Limitation of Liability
Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal Information
User’s Guide 273
IN NO EVENT WILL ZyXEL BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY THIRD PARTY FOR ANY
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF
BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, OR LOSS OF BUSINESS
INFORMATION) ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE
PROGRAM, OR FOR ANY CLAIM BY ANY OTHER PARTY, EVEN IF ZyXEL HAS BEEN
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. ZyXEL's AGGREGATE
LIABILITY WITH RESPECT TO ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT OR
OTHERWISE WITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE AND DOCUMENTATION OR
OTHERWISE SHALL BE EQUAL TO THE PURCHASE PRICE, BUT SHALL IN NO
EVENT EXCEED THE PRODUCT°ØS PRICE. BECAUSE SOME STATES/COUNTRIES
DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR
CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT
APPLY TO YOU.
8Export Restrictions
THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT IS EXPRESSLY MADE SUBJECT TO ANY APPLICABLE
LAWS, REGULATIONS, ORDERS, OR OTHER RESTRICTIONS ON THE EXPORT OF
THE SOFTWARE OR INFORMATION ABOUT SUCH SOFTWARE WHICH MAY BE
IMPOSED FROM TIME TO TIME. YOU SHALL NOT EXPORT THE SOFTWARE,
DOCUMENTATION OR INFORMATION ABOUT THE SOFTWARE AND
DOCUMENTATION WITHOUT COMPLYING WITH SUCH LAWS, REGULATIONS,
ORDERS, OR OTHER RESTRICTIONS. YOU AGREE TO INDEMNIFY ZyXEL AGAINST
ALL CLAIMS, LOSSES, DAMAGES, LIABILITIES, COSTS AND EXPENSES,
INCLUDING REASONABLE ATTORNEYS' FEES, TO THE EXTENT SUCH CLAIMS
ARISE OUT OF ANY BREACH OF THIS SECTION 8.
9Audit Rights
ZyXEL SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT, AT ITS OWN EXPENSE, UPON REASONABLE PRIOR
NOTICE, TO PERIODICALLY INSPECT AND AUDIT YOUR RECORDS TO ENSURE
YOUR COMPLIANCE WITH THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LICENSE
AGREEMENT.
10 Termination
This License Agreement is effective until it is terminated. You may terminate this
License Agreement at any time by destroying or returning to ZyXEL all copies of
the Software and Documentation in your possession or under your control. ZyXEL
may terminate this License Agreement for any reason, including, but not limited
to, if ZyXEL finds that you have violated any of the terms of this License
Agreement. Upon notification of termination, you agree to destroy or return to
ZyXEL all copies of the Software and Documentation and to certify in writing that
all known copies, including backup copies, have been destroyed. All provisions
relating to confidentiality, proprietary rights, and non-disclosure shall survive the
termination of this Software License Agreement.
Company Confidential
Appendix GLegal Information
User’s Guide
274
11 General
This License Agreement shall be construed, interpreted and governed by the laws
of Republic of China without regard to conflicts of laws provisions thereof. The
exclusive forum for any disputes arising out of or relating to this License
Agreement shall be an appropriate court or Commercial Arbitration Association
sitting in ROC, Taiwan. This License Agreement shall constitute the entire
Agreement between the parties hereto. This License Agreement, the rights
granted hereunder, the Software and Documentation shall not be assigned by you
without the prior written consent of ZyXEL. Any waiver or modification of this
License Agreement shall only be effective if it is in writing and signed by both
parties hereto. If any part of this License Agreement is found invalid or
unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the remainder of this License
Agreement shall be interpreted so as to reasonably effect the intention of the
parties.
Note: NOTE: Some components of the Vantage CNM 2.3 incorporate source code
covered under the Apache License, GPL License, LGPL License, Sun License,
and Castor License. To obtain the source code covered under those Licenses,
please check ftp://opensource.zyxel.com to get it.
Company Confidential
Index
User’s Guide 275
Index
A
Address Assignment 102
alternative subnet mask notation 226
AP 21
AP (Access Point) 253
AP Mode
menu 58
overview 55
status screen 56
AP+Bridge 21
Auto-bridge 114
B
Backup configuration 192
Bandwidth management
overview 157
priority 162
services 163
BitTorrent 164
Bridge/Repeater 21
BSS 251
C
CA 258
Certificate Authority 258
certifications 267
notices 269
viewing 269
Channel 31,57,253
Interference 253
channel 82
Configuration
backup 192
reset the factory defaults 194
restore 193
content filtering 147
by keyword (in URL) 147
copyright 267
CPU usage 31,57
CTS (Clear to Send) 254
D
Daylight saving 184
DDNS 135
see also Dynamic DNS
service providers 136
DHCP 34,119
DHCP server
see also Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHCP client information 122
DHCP client list 122
DHCP server 116,119
DHCP table 34,122
DHCP client information
DHCP status
Dimensions 211
disclaimer 267
DNS 50,121
DNS server
see also Domain name system
DNS Server 102
DNS server 121
Domain name 41
vs host name. see also system name
Domain Name System 121
Domain Name System. See DNS.
duplex setting 32,58
Dynamic DNS 135
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 119
Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 258
DynDNS 136
DynDNS see also DDNS 136
DynDNS Wildcard 135
Company Confidential
Index
User’s Guide
276
E
EAP Authentication 257
e-mail 96
Encryption 259
encryption 84
and local (user) database 84
key 85
WPA compatible 84
ESS 252
ESSID 206
Extended Service Set 252
Extended wireless security 43
F
Factory LAN defaults 116,119
FCC interference statement 267
File Transfer Program 163
Firewall 142
Firewall overview
guidelines 143
ICMP packets 144
network security
Stateful inspection 142
ZyXEL device firewall 142
firewall
stateful inspection 141
Firmware upload 190
file extension
using HTTP
firmware version 31,57
Fragmentation Threshold 255
FTP. see also File Transfer Program 163
G
gateway 154
General wireless LAN screen 85
H
Hidden Node 253
HTTP 163
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol 163
I
IANA 232
IBSS 251
IEEE 802.11g 255
IGMP 103
see also Internet Group Multicast Protocol
version
IGMP version 103
Independent Basic Service Set 251
Install UPnP
Windows XP 171
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
See IANA
Internet connection
Ethernet
PPPoE. see also PPP over Ethernet
PPTP
WAN connection
Internet connection wizard 43
Internet Group Multicast Protocol 103
IP Address 117,128,129
IP address 50
dynamic
IP Pool 120
L
LAN 115
IP pool setup 116
LAN overview 115
LAN setup 115
LAN TCP/IP 116
Language 199
Link type 32,57
local (user) database 83
Company Confidential
Index
User’s Guide 277
and encryption 84
Local Area Network 115
M
MAC 90
MAC address 83,103
cloning 52,103
MAC address filter 83
MAC address filtering 90
MAC filter 90
managing the device
good habits 22
using the web configurator. See web
configurator.
using the WPS. See WPS.
MBSSID 21
Media access control 90
Memory usage 32,57
Metric 155
mode 21
Multicast 103
IGMP 103
N
NAT 125,128,231
global 126
how it works 127
inside 126
local 126
outside 126
overview 125
port forwarding 132
see also Network Address Translation
server 127
server sets 132
NAT traversal 169
Navigation Panel 32,58
navigation panel 32,58
NetBIOS 103
see also Network Basic Input/Output System
103
Network Address Translation 125,128
O
Operating Channel 31,57
operating mode 21
P
P2P 164
peer-to-peer 164
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet 45,106
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol 46,108
Pool Size 120
Port forwarding 129,132
default server 132
example 132
local server 129
port numbers
services
port speed 32,58
Power Specification 211
PPPoE 45,106
benefits 45
dial-up connection
see also Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet
45
PPTP 46,108
see also Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol 46
Preamble Mode 255
product registration 270
Q
Quality of Service (QoS) 94
R
RADIUS 256
Shared Secret Key 257
RADIUS Message Types 257
RADIUS Messages 257
RADIUS server 83
Company Confidential
Index
User’s Guide
278
registration
product 270
related documentation 3
Remote management 165
and NAT 166
limitations 165
system timeout 166
Reset button 29,194
Reset the device 29
Restore configuration 193
RF (Radio Frequency) 212
Roaming 92
RTS (Request To Send) 254
RTS Threshold 253,254
RTS/CTS Threshold 82,92
S
safety warnings 8
Scheduling 99
Security Parameters 262
Service and port numbers 164
Service Set 86
Service Set IDentification 86
Service Set IDentity. See SSID.
services
and port numbers 263
and protocols 263
Session Initiated Protocol 164
SIP 164
SSID 31,57,82,86
stateful inspection firewall 141
Static DHCP 121
Static Route 154
Status 30
subnet 223
Subnet Mask 117
subnet mask 50,224
subnetting 227
Summary
DHCP table 34
Packet statistics 35
Wireless station status 36
syntax conventions 6
Sys Op Mode 195
System General Setup 181
System Name 182
System name 40
vs computer name
System restart 194
T
TCP/IP configuration 119
Temperature 211
Time setting 183
trigger port 133
Trigger port forwarding 133
example 134
process 134
U
Universal Plug and Play 169
application 170
UPnP 169
security issues 170
URL Keyword Blocking 149
Use Authentication 260
user authentication 83
local (user) database 83
RADIUS server 83
User Name 136
V
VoIP 164
VPN 108
W
WAN
IP address assignment 49
Company Confidential
Index
User’s Guide 279
WAN (Wide Area Network) 101
WAN advanced 113
WAN IP address 49
WAN IP address assignment 51
WAN MAC address 103
warranty 270
note 270
Web Configurator
how to access 27
Overview 27
Web configurator
navigating 29
web configurator 22
WEP Encryption 88
WEP encryption 87
WEP key 87
Wildcard 135
Wireless association list 36
wireless channel 206
wireless LAN 206
wireless LAN scheduling 99
Wireless LAN wizard 42
Wireless network
basic guidelines 82
channel 82
encryption 84
example 81
MAC address filter 83
overview 81
security 82
SSID 82
Wireless security 82
overview 82
type 82
wireless security 206
Wireless tutorial 55,68
Wizard setup 39
complete 53
Internet connection 43
system information 40
wireless LAN 42
WLAN
Interference 253
Security Parameters 262
World Wide Web 163
WPA compatible 84
WPA, WPA2 259
WPS 22
WWW 96,163
X
Xbox Live 164
Company Confidential
Index
User’s Guide
280
Company Confidential