ZyXEL Communications PRESTIGE641 ADSL Router User Manual v10P641

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ZyXEL
TOTAL INTERNET ACCESS SOLUTION
Prestige 641
ADSL Internet Access Router
User's Guide
Version 2.40
(Aug 1999)
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Prestige 641
ADSL Internet Access Router
Copyright
Copyright ©1999 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software
described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patents' rights of others.
ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This
publication is subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
Trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of
their respective owners. ZyNOS is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
ii
Copyright
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement
This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
♦
This device may not cause harmful interference.
♦
This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operations.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a CLASS B digital device pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of
the following measures:
•
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
•
Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
•
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
•
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Notice 1
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user's authority to operate the equipment.
Notice 2
Shielded RS-232 cables are required to be used to ensure compliance with FCC Part 15, and it is the
responsibility of the user to provide and use shielded RS-232 cables.
FCC Interference Statement
iii
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials
or workmanship for a period of up to two (2) years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period,
and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship
and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components
without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the
product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or remanufactured functionally equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL.
This warranty shall not apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of
God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This
warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect
or consequential damages of any kind of character to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center; refer to the separate Warranty
Card for your Return Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It
is recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or
those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer
will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the
corresponding return address, Postage Paid (USA and territories only). If the customer desires some other
return destination beyond the U.S. borders, the customer shall bear the cost of the return shipment. This
warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from state to state.
iv
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Customer Support
If you have questions about your ZyXEL product(s) or desire assistance, please contact ZyXEL
Communications Corporation offices worldwide, in any one of the following ways. Our ftp sites are also
available for software and ROM upgrades.
Method
International
North America
Scandinavia
E-Mail-Tech
support@zyxel.com.tw
support@zyxel.com
support@zyxel.dk
Support
support@zyxel.co.at (Europe)
E-Mail-Sales
sales@zyxel.com.tw
sales@zyxel.com
sales@zyxel.dk
Web Sites
www.zyxel.com
www.zyxel.com
www.zyxel.dk
Telephone
+886-3-578-3942
+1-714-632-0882
+45-3955-0700
800-255-4101
Fax
+886-3-578-2439
+1-714-632-0858
+45-3955-0707
FTP Sites
ftp.zyxel.dk
ftp.zyxel.com
ftp.zyxel.dk
Regular
Mail
ZyXEL Communications
Corp., 6 Innovation Road II,
Science-Based Industrial
Park, HsinChu, Taiwan 300,
R.O.C.
ZyXEL
Communications
Inc., 1650 Miraloma
Avenue, Placentia,
CA 92870, U.S.A.
ZyXEL
Communications A/S,
Customer Support
Columbusvej 5, 2860
Soeborg, Copenhagen,
Denmark.
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table of Contents
Customer Support............................................................................................................v
Table of Contents ...........................................................................................................vi
List of Figures ............................................................................................................... xi
List of Tables................................................................................................................xiv
Preface .........................................................................................................................xvi
Structure of this Manual .............................................................................................xvii
What is DSL? ............................................................................................................ xviii
Chapter 1...................................................................................................................... 1-1
Getting to Know Your ADSL Internet Access Router ..................................................... 1-1
1.1 Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router ............................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Features of the Prestige 641 .................................................................................................... 1-1
1.3 Applications for the Prestige 641 ............................................................................................ 1-3
1.3.1 Internet Access.................................................................................................................. 1-3
1.3.2 LAN to LAN Application.................................................................................................. 1-3
Chapter 2..................................................................................................................... 2-1
Hardware Installation & Initial Setup ........................................................................ 2-1
2.1 Front Panel LEDs OF P641..................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Prestige 641 Rear Panel and Connections............................................................................... 2-1
2.3 Additional Installation Requirements..................................................................................... 2-2
2.4 Housing.................................................................................................................................... 2-3
2.5 Telephone Microfilters ............................................................................................................ 2-3
2.6 Power On Your Prestige.......................................................................................................... 2-4
2.7 Navigating the SMT Interface................................................................................................. 2-6
2.7.1 System Management Terminal Interface Summary ............................................................ 2-7
2.8 Changing the System Password............................................................................................... 2-8
vi
Table of Contents
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
2.9 Resetting the Prestige...............................................................................................................2-8
2.9.1 Filename conventions ........................................................................................................2-8
2.10
General Setup.......................................................................................................................2-9
2.10.1
Note on Bridging.........................................................................................................2-10
2.11
Ethernet Setup ...................................................................................................................2-10
2.11.1
General Ethernet Setup ................................................................................................2-11
2.12
Protocol Dependent Ethernet Setup ..................................................................................2-11
Chapter 3 .....................................................................................................................3-1
Internet Access.............................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Factory Ethernet Defaults........................................................................................................3-1
3.2 TCP/IP Parameters..................................................................................................................3-1
3.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask..............................................................................................3-1
3.2.2 RIP Setup ..........................................................................................................................3-2
3.2.3 DHCP Configuration .........................................................................................................3-2
3.3 Route IP Setup .........................................................................................................................3-3
3.4 TCP/IP Ethernet Setup and DHCP .........................................................................................3-4
3.5 LANs & WANs.........................................................................................................................3-5
3.5.1 LANs, WANs and the Prestige...........................................................................................3-5
3.6 VPI & VCI ...............................................................................................................................3-6
3.7 Multiplexing .............................................................................................................................3-6
3.7.1 VC-based multiplexing ......................................................................................................3-6
3.7.2 LLC-based multiplexing ....................................................................................................3-6
3.8 Encapsulation...........................................................................................................................3-7
3.8.1 ENET ENCAP...................................................................................................................3-7
3.8.2 PPP over Ethernet..............................................................................................................3-7
3.8.3 PPP ...................................................................................................................................3-7
3.8.4 RFC 1483..........................................................................................................................3-7
3.9 IP Address Assignment ............................................................................................................3-7
3.9.1 Using PPP or PPPoE Encapsulation ...................................................................................3-7
3.9.2 Using RFC 1483 Encapsulation .........................................................................................3-8
3.9.3 Using ENET ENCAP Encapsulation ..................................................................................3-8
3.10
Internet Access Configuration .............................................................................................3-8
3.11
Single User Account ...........................................................................................................3-11
Table of Contents
vii
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
3.11.1
3.11.2
Advantages of SUA .................................................................................................... 3-12
Single User Account Configuration ............................................................................. 3-13
3.12
Multiple Servers behind SUA............................................................................................ 3-14
3.12.1
Configuring a Server behind SUA ............................................................................... 3-14
Chapter 4..................................................................................................................... 4-1
Remote Node Configuration........................................................................................ 4-1
4.1 Remote Node Setup ................................................................................................................. 4-1
4.1.1 Remote Node Profile ......................................................................................................... 4-1
4.1.2 Encapsulation & Multiplexing Scenarios ........................................................................... 4-2
4.1.3 Outgoing Authentication Protocol...................................................................................... 4-5
4.1.4 Editing PPP Options.......................................................................................................... 4-5
4.1.5 Remote Node Filter........................................................................................................... 4-6
Chapter 5..................................................................................................................... 5-1
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration ......................................................................... 5-1
5.1 LAN-to-LAN Application........................................................................................................ 5-1
5.1.1 Editing TCP/IP Options..................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1.2 Static Route Setup............................................................................................................. 5-5
Chapter 6..................................................................................................................... 6-1
IPX Configuration ...................................................................................................... 6-1
6.1 IPX Network Environment ..................................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.1 Network and Node Number............................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.2 Frame Types ..................................................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.3 External Network Number................................................................................................. 6-2
6.1.4 Internal Network Number.................................................................................................. 6-2
6.2 Prestige 641 in an IPX Environment....................................................................................... 6-2
6.2.1 Prestige 641 on LAN with Server ...................................................................................... 6-3
6.2.2 Prestige 641 on LAN without Server ................................................................................. 6-3
6.3 IPX Ethernet Setup ................................................................................................................. 6-4
6.4 LAN-to-LAN Application with Novell IPX ............................................................................. 6-5
6.4.1 IPX Remote Node Setup.................................................................................................... 6-6
6.4.2 IPX Static Route Setup...................................................................................................... 6-8
Chapter 7..................................................................................................................... 7-1
Bridging Setup ............................................................................................................ 7-1
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Table of Contents
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
7.1 Bridging in General .................................................................................................................7-1
7.2 Bridge Ethernet Setup..............................................................................................................7-1
7.2.1 Remote Node Bridging Setup.............................................................................................7-2
7.3 Bridge Static Route Setup ........................................................................................................7-4
Chapter 8 .....................................................................................................................8-1
Filter Configuration ....................................................................................................8-1
8.1 About Filtering.........................................................................................................................8-1
8.2 Configuring a Filter Set ...........................................................................................................8-1
8.2.1 Filter Rules Summary Menu ..............................................................................................8-3
8.3 Configuring a Filter Rule.........................................................................................................8-5
8.4 Filter Types and SUA...............................................................................................................8-6
8.4.1 TCP/IP Filter Rule .............................................................................................................8-6
8.4.2 Generic Filter Rule ............................................................................................................8-9
8.4.3 Novell IPX Filter Rule .....................................................................................................8-11
8.5 Applying a Filter and Factory Defaults .................................................................................8-13
8.5.1 Ethernet traffic.................................................................................................................8-13
8.5.2 Remote Node Filters ........................................................................................................8-13
Chapter 9 .....................................................................................................................9-1
SNMP Configuration...................................................................................................9-1
9.1 About SNMP ............................................................................................................................9-1
9.2 Configuring SNMP ..................................................................................................................9-1
Chapter 10 .................................................................................................................10-1
System Maintenance..................................................................................................10-1
10.1
System Status .....................................................................................................................10-2
10.1.1
Console Port Speed......................................................................................................10-4
10.2
Log and Trace....................................................................................................................10-5
10.2.1
Viewing Error Log ......................................................................................................10-5
10.2.2
Syslog And Accounting ...............................................................................................10-6
10.3
Diagnostic...........................................................................................................................10-8
10.4
Backup Configuration........................................................................................................10-9
Table of Contents
ix
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
10.5
Restore Configuration ..................................................................................................... 10-10
10.6
Firmware Update ............................................................................................................ 10-11
10.6.1
Upload Router Firmware........................................................................................... 10-12
10.6.2
Uploading Router Configuration File......................................................................... 10-12
10.7
Command Interpreter Mode........................................................................................... 10-13
10.8
Boot module commands .................................................................................................. 10-14
Chapter 11................................................................................................................. 11-1
Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................ 11-1
Problems Starting Up the Prestige ............................................................................................... 11-1
11.2
Problems With the WAN Interface................................................................................... 11-2
11.3
Problems with the LAN Interface ..................................................................................... 11-2
11.4
Problems Connecting to a Remote Node or ISP ............................................................... 11-2
Acronyms and Abbreviations..........................................................................................A
Appendix A.....................................................................................................................C
Appendix B.....................................................................................................................E
Appendix C.....................................................................................................................F
Index ..............................................................................................................................G
Table of Contents
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Internet Access Application ___________________________________________________ 1-3
Figure 1-2 LAN-to-LAN Application _____________________________________________________ 1-4
Figure 2-1 Prestige 641 Front Panel. ____________________________________________________ 2-1
Figure 2-2 Prestige 641 Rear Panel _____________________________________________________ 2-2
Figure 2-3 Microfilter ________________________________________________________________ 2-3
Figure 2-4 Connecting the Microfilter ____________________________________________________ 2-4
Figure 2-5 Power-On Display __________________________________________________________ 2-5
Figure 2-6 Login Screen ______________________________________________________________ 2-5
Figure 2-7 SMT Main Menu ___________________________________________________________ 2-7
Figure 2-8 Menu 23.1 - System Password _________________________________________________ 2-8
Figure 2-9 Menu 1 – General Setup _____________________________________________________ 2-9
Figure 2-10 Menu 3 - Ethernet Setup ___________________________________________________ 2-10
Figure 2-11 Menu 3.1 - General Ethernet Setup___________________________________________ 2-11
Figure 3-1 Menu 1 – General Setup _____________________________________________________ 3-3
Figure 3-2 Menu 3.2 – TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup ____________________________________ 3-4
Figure 3-3 LAN & WAN IPs____________________________________________________________ 3-6
Figure 3-4 Internet Access Setup _______________________________________________________ 3-10
Figure 3-5 Single User Account Topology________________________________________________ 3-12
Figure 3-6 Menu 4 – Internet Access Setup for Single User Account ___________________________ 3-13
Figure 3-7 Multiple Server Configuration ________________________________________________ 3-15
Figure 4-1 Menu 11 – Remote Node Setup ________________________________________________ 4-1
Figure 4-2 Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile _______________________________________________ 4-3
Figure 4-3 Menu 11.2 - Remote Node PPP Options _________________________________________ 4-5
Figure 4-4 Menu 11.5 – Remote Node Filter ______________________________________________ 4-6
Figure 5-1 TCP/IP LAN-to-LAN Application_______________________________________________ 5-1
Figure 5-2 Menu 11.3 for VC-based multiplexing. _________________________________________ 5-2
List of Figures
xi
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Figure 5-3 Menu 11.3 for LLC-based multiplexing _________________________________________ 5-2
Figure 5-4 Sample IP Addresses for a TCPI/IP LAN-to-LAN Connection ________________________ 5-3
Figure 5-5 Example of Static Routing Topology ____________________________________________ 5-5
Figure 5-6 Menu 12 - IP Static Route Setup _______________________________________________ 5-6
Figure 5-7 Edit IP Static Route _________________________________________________________ 5-6
Figure 6-1 NetWare Server ____________________________________________________________ 6-2
Figure 6-2 Prestige 641 in an IPX Environment ____________________________________________ 6-3
Figure 6-3 Menu 3.3 - Novell IPX Ethernet Setup__________________________________________ 6-4
Figure 6-4 LAN-to-LAN Application with Novell IPX _______________________________________ 6-5
Figure 6-5 Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Novell IPX Options____________________________________ 6-6
Figure 6-6 Menu 12.2 - Edit IPX Static Route _____________________________________________ 6-8
Figure 7-1 Menu 3.5 - Bridge Ethernet Setup______________________________________________ 7-2
Figure 7-2 Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Bridging Options _____________________________________ 7-3
Figure 7-3 Menu 12.3 - Bridge Static Route Setup __________________________________________ 7-4
Figure 7-4 Menu 12.3.1 - Edit Bridge Static Route _________________________________________ 7-4
Figure 8-1 Menu 21 - Filter Set Configuration _____________________________________________ 8-2
Figure 8-2 NetBIOS_WAN Filter Rules Summary___________________________________________ 8-2
Figure 8-3 NetBIOS _LAN Filter Rules Summary __________________________________________ 8-3
Figure 8-4 Telnet Filter Rules Summary __________________________________________________ 8-3
Figure 8-5 Protocol and Device Filter Sets ________________________________________________ 8-6
Figure 8-6 Menu 21.1.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule ______________________________________________ 8-7
Figure 8-7 Menu 21.1.2 - Generic Filter Rule______________________________________________ 8-9
Figure 8-8 Menu 21.1.3 - IPX Filter Rule ________________________________________________ 8-11
Figure 8-9 Filtering Ethernet traffic ____________________________________________________ 8-13
Figure 8-10 Filtering Remote Node traffic _______________________________________________ 8-14
Figure 9-1 Menu 22 - SNMP Configuration _______________________________________________ 9-1
Figure 10-1 Menu 24 - System Maintenance ______________________________________________ 10-1
Figure 10-2 Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance – Status _____________________________________ 10-2
xii
List of Figures
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Figure 10-3 System Information and Console Port Speed ____________________________________ 10-3
Figure 10-4 System Maintenance - Information____________________________________________ 10-4
Figure 10-5 Menu 24.2.2 – System Maintenance – Console Port Speed _________________________ 10-5
Figure 10-6 Examples of Error and Information Messages___________________________________ 10-6
Figure 10-7 Menu 24.3.2 - System Maintenance - Syslog and Accounting _______________________ 10-6
Figure 10-8 Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance - Diagnostic __________________________________ 10-8
Figure 10-9 Backup Configuration _____________________________________________________ 10-9
Figure 10-10 Hyperterminal Screen ___________________________________________________ 10-10
Figure 10-11 Successful Backup ______________________________________________________ 10-10
Figure 10-12 Restore Configuration___________________________________________________ 10-10
Figure 10-13 Hyperterminal Screen ___________________________________________________ 10-11
Figure 10-14 Successful Backup ______________________________________________________ 10-11
Figure 10-15 Menu 24.7 - System Maintenance - Upload Firmware___________________________ 10-12
Figure 10-16 Menu 24.7.1 - Uploading Router Firmware___________________________________ 10-12
Figure 10-17 Menu 24.7.2 - System Maintenance - Upload Router Configuration File ____________ 10-13
Figure 10-18 Command mode ________________________________________________________ 10-14
Figure 10-19 Boot module commands __________________________________________________ 10-14
Diagram 1 Single-PC per Modem Hardware Configuration ..................................................................... C
Diagram 2 Prestige as a PPPoE Client.................................................................................................... D
Diagram 3 VPI's & VCI's......................................................................................................................... E
List of Figures
xiii
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
List of Tables
Table 2-1 Front Panel LED Description __________________________________________________ 2-1
Table 2-2 Main Menu Commands _______________________________________________________ 2-6
Table 2-3 Main Menu Summary_________________________________________________________ 2-7
Table 2-4 General Setup Menu Fields ___________________________________________________ 2-10
Table 3-1 DHCP Ethernet Setup Menu Fields______________________________________________ 3-4
Table 3-2 TCP/IP Ethernet Setup Menu Fields _____________________________________________ 3-5
Table 3-3 Internet Account Information __________________________________________________ 3-9
Table 3-4 Internet Access Setup Menu Fields _____________________________________________ 3-10
Table 3-5 Single User Account Menu Fields ______________________________________________ 3-14
Table 3-6 Services vs. Port number _____________________________________________________ 3-15
Table 4-1 Remote Node Profile Menu Fields_______________________________________________ 4-3
Table 4-2 Remote Node PPP Options Menu Fields __________________________________________ 4-5
Table 5-1 TCP/IP related fields in Remote Node Profile______________________________________ 5-4
Table 5-2 TCP/IP Remote Node Configuration _____________________________________________ 5-4
Table 5-3 Edit IP Static Route Menu Fields _______________________________________________ 5-7
Table 6-1 Novell IPX Ethernet Setup Fields _______________________________________________ 6-4
Table 6-2 Remote Node Novell IPX Options _______________________________________________ 6-7
Table 6-3 Edit IPX Static Route Menu Fields ______________________________________________ 6-9
Table 7-1 Bridge Ethernet Setup Menu - Handle IPX Field Configuration _______________________ 7-2
Table 7-2 P641 Remote Node Network Layers Menu Bridge Options____________________________ 7-3
Table 7-3 Bridge Static Route Menu Fields _______________________________________________ 7-5
Table 8-1 Abbreviations Used in the Filter Rules Summary Menu ______________________________ 8-4
Table 8-2 Abbreviations Used If Filter Type Is IP___________________________________________ 8-5
Table 8-3 Abbreviations Used If Filter Type Is IPX _________________________________________ 8-5
Table 8-4 Abbreviations Used If Filter Type Is GEN ________________________________________ 8-5
Table 8-5 TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu Fields ________________________________________________ 8-7
xiv
List of Tables
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table 8-6 Generic Filter Rule Menu Fields _______________________________________________ 8-10
Table 8-7 IPX Filter Rule Menu Fields __________________________________________________ 8-12
Table 9-1 SNMP Configuration Menu Fields ______________________________________________ 9-2
Table 10-1 System Maintenance - Status Menu Fields ______________________________________ 10-3
Table 10-2 Fields in System Maintenance - Information _____________________________________ 10-4
Table 10-3 System Maintenance Menu Syslog Parameters ___________________________________ 10-7
Table 10-4 System Maintenance Menu Diagnostic _________________________________________ 10-9
Table 11-1 Troubleshooting the Start-Up of your Prestige ___________________________________ 11-1
Table 11-2 Troubleshooting the ADSL connection _________________________________________ 11-2
Table 11-3 Troubleshooting the LAN Interface ____________________________________________ 11-2
Table 11-4 Troubleshooting a Connection to a Remote Node or ISP ___________________________ 11-2
List of Tables
xv
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Preface
About Your ADSL Internet Access Router
Congratulations on your purchase of the Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router.
The Prestige 641 (P641) is an ADSL router used for Internet/LAN access via an ADSL line. The Prestige
641 supports multi-protocol routing for TCP/IP and Novell IPX, as well as transparent bridging for other
protocols. We will refer to the Prestige 641 as the P641 or simply the Prestige from now on.
The P641 can run upstream maximum transmission rates of 640Kbps and downstream maximum
transmission rates of 8Mbps. The actual rate depends on the copper category of your telephone wire,
distance from the central office and the type of ADSL service subscribed. See the sections below for more
background information on DSL and ADSL.
The P641's 10/100M auto-negotiating LAN interface enables fast data transfer of either 10Mbps or
100Mbps in either half-duplex or full-duplex mode depending on your Ethernet network.
Your Prestige is easy to install and to configure. All functions of the Prestige are software configurable via
the SMT (System Management Terminal) Interface.
About This User's Guide
This user's guide covers all aspects of the Prestige 641 operations and shows you how to get the best out of
the multiple advanced features of your ADSL Internet Access Router. This manual is designed to guide you
through the correct configuration of your Prestige 641 for various applications.
Syntax Conventions
•
“Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and press the carriage return. “Select” or
“Choose” means for you to select one from the predefined choices.
•
The SMT menu titles and labels are in Bold Times font. The choices of a menu item are in Bold
Arial font. A single keystroke is in Arial font and enclosed in square brackets, for instance, [ENTER]
means the Enter, or carriage return, key; [ESC] means the Escape key.
•
For brevity’s sake, we will use “e.g.” as a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.” as a shorthand for
“that is” or “in other words” throughout this manual
xvi
Preface
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Structure of this Manual
Getting Started (Chapters 1-2)
This helps you connect, install and setup your Prestige to operate
on your network.
The Internet (Chapter 3)
This shows you how to configure your Prestige for Internet access.
Advanced Applications (Chapters 4-7)
Describes how to use your Prestige for more advanced applications
such as LAN-to-LAN connectivity for TCP/IP and Novell IPX, and
transparent bridging for other protocols.
Management & Maintenance (Chapters 8-10)
This shows you how to create/apply filters and manage/maintain
your system.
Troubleshooting (Chapter 11)
This provides information about solving common problems.
The following section offers some background information on ADSL. Skip to Chapter 1 if you wish to
begin working with your router right away.
Structure of the Manual
xvii
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
What is DSL?
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) enhances the data capacity of the existing twisted-pair wire that runs
between the local telephone company switching offices and most homes and offices. While the wire itself
can handle higher frequencies, the telephone switching equipment is designed to cut off signals above 4,000
Hz to filter noise off the voice line, but now everybody is searching for ways to get more bandwidth to
improve access to the Web - hence DSL technologies!
There are actually seven types of DSL service, ranging in speeds from 16 Kbits/sec to 52 Mbits/sec. The
services are either symmetrical (traffic flows at the same speed in both directions), or asymmetrical (the
downstream capacity is higher than the upstream capacity). Asymmetrical services (ADSL) are suitable for
Internet users because more information is usually downloaded than uploaded. For example, a simple
button click in a web browser can start an extended download that includes graphics and text.
As data rates increase, the carrying distance decreases. That means that users who are beyond a certain
distance from the telephone company’s central office may not be able to obtain the higher speeds. A DSL
connection is a point-to-point dedicated circuit, meaning that the link is always up and there is no dialing
required.
What is ADSL?
It is an asymmetrical technology, meaning that the downstream data rate is much higher than the upstream
data rate. As mentioned, this works well for a typical Internet session in which more information is
downloaded, e.g., from Web servers, than is uploaded. ADSL operates in a frequency range that is above
the frequency range of voice services, so the two systems can operate over the same cable.
xviii
Getting to know your Prestige
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 1
Getting to Know Your ADSL Internet Access
Router
This chapter describes the key features
and applications of the Prestige 641.
1.1
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Your Prestige integrates a high-speed 10/100Mbps auto-negotiating LAN interface and one high-speed
ADSL port into a single package. The Prestige is ideal for high-speed Internet browsing and making LANto-LAN connections to remote networks.
1.2
Features of the Prestige 641
Your Prestige is packed with a number of features that give it the flexibility to provide a complete
networking solution for almost any user.
Ease of Installation
Your Prestige is designed for quick, intuitive and easy installation. Physically, its compact size and
lightweight make it easy to position anywhere in your busy office.
High Speed Internet Access
The P641 ADSL router can support downstream transmission rates of up to 8Mbps and upstream
transmission rates of 640Kbps. The P641 also supports rate management. Rate management allows ADSL
subscribers to select an Internet access speed that best suit their needs and budget.
l 10/100M Fast Ethernet LAN Interface
The P641's 10/100M auto-negotiating LAN interface enables fast data transfer of either 10Mbps or
100Mbps in either half-duplex or full-duplex mode depending on your Ethernet network.
l Protocols Supported
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) network layer protocol.
PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) link layer protocol.
Getting to know your Prestige
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
SUA™ (Single User Account) and NAT (Network Address Translation).
l Multiple Protocol Support
♦ Novel IPX (Internetwork Packet eXchange) network layer protocol.
♦ Transparently bridging for unsupported network layer protocols.
DHCP Support
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) allows you to automatically assign TCP/IP settings to
workstations on your network.
Networking Compatibility
Your Prestige is compatible with the major ADSL DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer)
providers, making configuration as simple as possible for you.
l Multiplexing
The Prestige 641 supports VC-based and LLC-based multiplexing.
l Encapsulation
The Prestige 641 supports PPP (RFC 2364 - PPP over ATM Adaptation Layer 5), RFC 1483 encapsulation
over ATM, MAC encapsulated routing as well as PPP over Ethernet (RFC 2516).
l NAT/SUA for single-IP-address Internet Access
The Prestige's SUA (Single User Account) feature allows multiple user Internet access for the cost of a
single IP account. SUA supports popular Internet application, such as MS traceroute, CuSeeMe, IRC,
RealAudio, VDOLive, Quake, and PPTP. No configuration is needed to support these applications.
l Full Network Management
♦
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) support.
♦
Accessing SMT (System Management Terminal) through a telnet connection
♦
Windows based PNC (Prestige Network Commander)
PAP and CHAP Security
The Prestige supports PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) and CHAP (Challenge Handshake
Authentication Protocol). CHAP is more secure since the password is scrambled prior to transmission.
However, PAP is readily available on more platforms.
l Filters
The Prestige's packet filtering functions allows added network security and management.
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Getting to know your Prestige
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
1.3
Applications for the Prestige 641
1.3.1 Internet Access
The Prestige is the ideal high-speed Internet access solution. Your Prestige supports the TCP/IP protocol,
which the Internet uses exclusively. It is compatible with all major ADSL DSLAM (Digital Subscriber
Line Access Multiplexer) providers. A DSLAM is a rack of ADSL line cards with data multiplexed into a
backbone network interface/connection (e.g., T1, OC3, DS3, ATM or Frame Relay). Think of it as the
equivalent of a modem rack for ADSL. A typical Internet Access application is shown below.
Small / Home Office LAN
10/100M Ethernet
INTERNET
ATM
ISP
Edge
Router
DSLAM
Prestige
Figure 1-1 Internet Access Application
Internet Single User Account
For a SOHO (Small Office/Home Office) environment, your Prestige offers the Single User Account (SUA)
feature that allows multiple users on the LAN (Local Area Network) to access the Internet concurrently for
the cost of a single user.
1.3.2
LAN to LAN Application
You can use the Prestige to connect two geographically dispersed networks over the ADSL line. A typical
LAN-to-LAN application for your Prestige is shown as follows.
Getting to know your Prestige
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Figure 1-2 LAN-to-LAN Application
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Getting to know your Prestige
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 2
Hardware Installation & Initial Setup
This chapter describes the physical features of the
Prestige and how to make the cable connections.
2.1
Front Panel LEDs OF P641
The LED indicators on the front panel indicate the operational status of the Prestige 641. The table below
the diagram describes the LED functions:
ZyXEL
PRESTIGE
600 SERIES
LAN
PWR
SYS
10M
100M
ADSL
Figure 2-1 Prestige 641 Front Panel.
Table 2-1 Front Panel LED Description
PWR
The PWR (power) LED is on when power is applied to the Prestige.
SYS
A steady on SYS (system) LED indicates the Prestige is on and functioning properly
while an off SYS LED indicates the system is not ready or a malfunction. The
system is rebooting when the SYS LED is blinking.
LAN 10M
A steady green light indicates a 10Mb Ethernet connection. The LED blinks when
data is being sent/received.
LAN 100M
A steady orange light indicates a 100Mb Ethernet connection. The LED will blink
when data is being sent/received.
ADSL
The ADSL LED is on when the Prestige is connected successfully to a DSLAM. The
LED blinks when data is being sent/received. The LED is off when the link is down.
2.2
Prestige 641 Rear Panel and Connections
The following figure shows the rear panel connectors of your Prestige.
Hardware Installation & Setup
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
ON
POWER
16VAC
CONSOLE
LAN
10/100M
ADSL
OFF
Figure 2-2 Prestige 641 Rear Panel
Step 1.
Connecting the ADSL Line
Connect the Prestige directly to the wall jack using the included ADSL cable. Connect the micro filter(s)
(supplied – see Figure 2-4 Connecting the Microfilter) between the wall jack and your telephone(s). The
micro filters act as low pass filters (voice transmission takes place in the 0 to 4KHz bandwidth).
Step 2.
Connecting a Workstation to the Prestige 10/100M LAN port
Ethernet 10Base-T networks use Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cable with RJ-45 connectors that look like a
bigger telephone plug with 8 pins. Use the crossover cable (red tag) to connect your Prestige 641 to a
computer directly. Use straight through Ethernet cable (white tag) to connect to an external hub and then
connect one end of a straight through Ethernet cable (white tag) from the hub to the NIC on the workstation.
Step 3. Connecting the Power Adapter to your Prestige
Connect the power adapter to the port labeled POWER on the rear panel of your Prestige.
Step 4.
Connecting the Console Port
For the initial configuration of your Prestige, you need to use terminal emulator software on a workstation
and connect it to the Prestige through the console port. Connect the 9-pin end of the console cable (9-pin to
25-pin console cable supplied) to the console port of the Prestige and the 25-pin end to a serial port (COM1,
COM2 or other COM port) of your workstation. You can use an extension RS-232 cable if the enclosed
one is too short.
2.3
Additional Installation Requirements
In addition to the contents of your package, there are other hardware and software requirements you need
before you can install and use your Prestige. These requirements include:
A computer with Ethernet 10Base-T/100Base-T NIC (Network Interface Card).
A computer equipped with communications software (for example, Hyper Terminal in Win95)
configured to the following parameters:
Ø VT100 terminal emulation.
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Ø 9600 Baud rate.
Ø No parity, 8 Data bits, 1 Stop bit.
After the Prestige has been successfully connected to your network, you can make future changes to the
configuration through telnet application.
2.4
Housing
Your Prestige's ventilated housing has clip-out legs that fit snugly into grooves, enabling compact, sturdy
stacking with airflow between routers. You should not stack more than 4 routers for maximum stability.
2.5
Telephone Microfilters
Telephone voice transmissions take place in the lower frequency range, 0 - 4KHz, while ADSL
transmissions take place in the higher bandwidth range, above 4KHz. ZyXEL provides a microfilter that
acts as a low-pass filter for your telephone to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere with your
telephone voice transmissions. Connect a phone cable from the wall jack to the wall side of the microfilter,
and then connect the phone side of the microfilter to your telephone as shown.
Figure 2-3 Microfilter
Hardware Installation & Setup
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Prestige
Wall
Jack
Y -CONNECTOR
Microfilter
Wall
Side
Phone
Side
Figure 2-4 Connecting the Microfilter
2.6
Power On Your Prestige
At this point, you should have connected the console port, the ADSL line, the Ethernet port and the power
port to the appropriate devices or lines. You can now apply power to the Prestige by turning the switch on.
Step 1.
Initial Screen
When you power on your Prestige, it performs several internal tests as well as line initialization. After the
initialization, the Prestige asks you to press Enter to continue, as shown.
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Hardware Installation & Setup
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Copyright (c) 1994 - 1999 ZyXEL Communications Corp.
initialize ch =0, ethernet address: 00:a0:c5:01:23:45
WAN Channel init....................done
Download ADSL modem SW
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………….
Press ENTER to continue...
Figure 2-5 Power-On Display
Step 2.
Entering Password
The login screen appears after you press Enter, prompting you to enter the password, as shown below.
For your first login, enter the default password 1234. As you type the password, the screen displays a (X)
for each character you type.
Please note that if there is no activity for longer than 5 minutes after you log in, your Prestige will
automatically log you out and will display a blank screen. If you see a blank screen, press [Enter] to bring
up the login screen again.
Enter Password : XXXX
Figure 2-6 Login Screen
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
2.7
Navigating the SMT Interface
The SMT (System Management Terminal) is the interface that you use to configure your Prestige.
Several operations that you should be familiar with before you attempt to modify the configuration are
listed in the table below.
Table 2-2 Main Menu Commands
Operation
Press/
Description
Move forward to
another menu
[Enter]
To move forward to a sub-menu, type in the number of the
desired sub-menu and press [Enter].
Move backward to
a previous menu
[Esc]
Press the [Esc] key to move back to the previous menu.
Move to a
submenu
Press the [Space
bar] to change No
to Yes then press
[ENTER].
Fields beginning with “Edit” have a default setting of No. Press
the [Space bar] to change No to Yes, then press [ENTER] to go
to a submenu.
[Enter] or
Within a menu, press [Enter] to move to the next field. You can
also use the [Up]/[Down] arrow keys to move to the previous and
the next field, respectively.
Move the cursor
[Up]/[Down] arrow
keys
Enter information
Fill in, or
Press the [Space
bar] to toggle
You need to fill in two types of fields. The first requires you to
type in the appropriate information. The second allows you to
cycle through the available choices by pressing the [Space] bar.
Required fields

All fields with the symbol  must be filled in order be able to
save the new configuration.
N/A fields

Some of the fields in the SMT will show a . This symbol
refers to an option that is Not Applicable.
[Enter]
Save your configuration by pressing [Enter] at the message
[Press ENTER to confirm or ESC to cancel]. Saving the data on
the screen will take you, in most cases to the previous menu.
Type 99, then
Type 99 at the Main Menu prompt and press [Enter] to exit the
SMT interface.
Save your
configuration
Exit the SMT
press [Enter].
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
After you enter the password, the SMT displays the Main Menu, as shown below.
Copyright (c) 1994 - 1999 ZyXEL Communications Corp.
Prestige 641 Main Menu
Getting Started
1. General Setup
3. Ethernet Setup
4. Internet Access Setup
Advanced Management
21. Filter Set Configuration
22. SNMP Configuration
23. System Password
24. System Maintenance
Advanced Applications
11. Remote Node Setup
12. Static Routing Setup
15. SUA Server Setup
99. Exit
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Figure 2-7 SMT Main Menu
2.7.1
System Management Terminal Interface Summary
Table 2-3 Main Menu Summary
Menu Title
Description
General Setup
Use this menu to set up general information.
Ethernet Setup
Use this menu to set up your LAN connection.
Internet Access Setup
A quick and easy way to set up an Internet connection.
11
Remote Node Setup
Use this menu to set up the Remote Node for LAN-to-LAN connection,
including Internet connection.
12
Static Routing Setup
Use this menu to set up static routes.
15
SUA Server Setup
Use this menu to specify inside servers when SUA is enabled.
21
Filter Set Configuration
Use this menu to set up filters to provide security, etc.
22
SNMP Configuration
Use this menu to set up SNMP related parameters.
23
System Password
Use this menu to change your password.
24
System Maintenance
This menu provides system status, diagnostics, software upload, etc.
99
Exit
To exit from SMT and return to a blank screen.
Hardware Installation & Setup
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
2.8
Changing the System Password
The first thing your should do before anything else is to change the default system password by following
the steps below.
Step 1.
Enter 23 in the Main Menu to open Menu 23 - System Password as shown below.
When the Submenu 23 System Password appears, type in your existing system password, i.e., 1234, and
press [Enter].
Menu 23 – System Password
Old Password= ****
New Password= ****
Retype to confirm= ****
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 2-8 Menu 23.1 - System Password
Step 2.
Enter your new system password (up to 30 characters), and press [Enter].
Step 3.
Re-type your new system password for confirmation and press [Enter].
Note that as you type a password, the screen displays a (*) for each character you type.
2.9
Resetting the Prestige
If you have forgotten your password or for some reason cannot access the SMT menu you will need to
reinstall the configuration file. Uploading the configuration file replaces the current configuration file with
the default configuration file, you will lose all configurations that you had before and the speed of the
console port will be reset to the default of 9600 bps with 8 data bit, no parity and 1 stop bit (8n1). The
password will be reset to the default of 1234, also.
Turn off the Prestige and begin a Telnet session with the default console port settings. Turn on the Prestige
again. When you see the message " Press Any key to enter Debug Mode within 3 seconds", press any key
to enter debug mode. You should already have downloaded the "romfile.zip" file from the Internet and
unzipped it. See section 10.5 Restore Configuration on page 10-10 for more information.
2.9.1 Filename conventions
The configuration filename is the router model name with a rom extension, e.g., p641.rom. The ZyNOS
firmware filename is the router model name with a bin extension, e.g., p641.bin. Rename the latter filename
to “ras” when uploading to the Prestige. See section 10.6 Firmware Update on page 10-11 for more
information.
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
2.10 General Setup
Menu 1 - General Setup contains administrative and system-related information.
To enter Menu 1 and fill in the required information, follow these steps:
Step 1.
Enter 1 in the Main Menu to open Menu 1 – General Setup.
Step 2.
The Menu 1 - General Setup screen appears, as shown below. Fill in the required fields marked
[?] and turn on the individual protocols for your applications, as explained in the following table.
Menu 1 - General Setup
System Name= P641
Location= branch
Contact Person's Name= JohnDoe
Route IP= Yes
Route IPX= No
Bridge= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 2-9 Menu 1 – General Setup
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table 2-4 General Setup Menu Fields
Field
Description
System Name
Choose a descriptive name for identification purposes. This name can be
up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but
dashes “-” and underscores "_" are accepted.
Example
Location (optional)
Enter the geographic location (up to 31 characters) of your Prestige.
MyHouse
Contact Person's
Name (optional)
Enter the name (up to 30 characters) of the person in charge of this
Prestige.
JohnDoe
Protocols:
Turn on or off routing for the individual protocols.
Press
space-bar
to toggle
Route IP Set this field to Yes to enable IP routing. You must enable IP routing for
Internet access.
Route IPX Set this field Yes to enable IPX routing.
P641
Yes/No
Yes/No
Bridge Turn on/off bridging for protocols not supported (e.g., SNA) or not turned
on in the previous Route fields.
Yes/No
2.10.1 Note on Bridging
When bridging is enabled, your Prestige forwards any packet that it does not route. Without bridging, the
packets that the Prestige does not route are simply discarded. Compared to routing, bridging generates far
more traffic for the same network protocol and consumes more CPU cycles and memory.
2.11 Ethernet Setup
This section describes how to configure the Ethernet using Menu 3 – Ethernet Setup. From the Main
Menu, enter 3 to open Menu 3.
Menu 3 - Ethernet Setup
1.
2.
3.
4.
General Setup
TCP/IP and DHCP Setup
Novell IPX Setup
Bridge Setup
Figure 2-10 Menu 3 - Ethernet Setup
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Hardware Installation & Setup
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
2.11.1 General Ethernet Setup
This menu allows you to specify filter set(s) that you wish to apply to the Ethernet traffic. You seldom
need to filter Ethernet traffic; however, the filter sets may be useful to block certain packets, reduce traffic
and prevent security breaches.
Menu 3.1 - General Ethernet Setup
Input Filter Sets:
protocol filters=
device filters=
Output Filter Sets:
protocol filters=
device filters=
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 2-11 Menu 3.1 - General Ethernet Setup
If you need to define filters, please read the Filter Set Configuration chapter first, then return to this menu
to define the filter sets.
2.12 Protocol Dependent Ethernet Setup
Depending on the protocols for your applications, you need to configure the respective Ethernet Setup, as
outlined below.
For TCP/IP Ethernet setup refer to Chapter 3 - Internet Access Application.
For Novell IPX Ethernet setup refer to Section 6.3 - IPX Ethernet Setup in Chapter 6 - IPX
Configuration.
For bridging Ethernet setup refer to Chapter 7 - Bridging Setup.
Hardware Installation & Setup
2-11
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 3
Internet Access
This chapter shows you how to configure the LAN as
well as the WAN of your Prestige for Internet access.
3.1
Factory Ethernet Defaults
The Ethernet parameters of the Prestige are preset in the factory with the following values:
1.
IP address of 192.168.1.1 with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits).
2.
DHCP server enabled with 32 client IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33.
These parameters should work for the majority of installations. If the parameters are satisfactory, you can
skip to section 3.4 TCP/IP Ethernet Setup and DHCP to enter the DNS server address(es) if your ISP
gives you explicit DNS server address(es). If you wish to change the factory defaults or to learn more about
TCP/IP, please read on.
3.2
TCP/IP Parameters
3.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask
Similar to the houses on a street that share a common street name, the machines on a LAN share one
common network number, also.
Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network
administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP
addresses and the subnet mask.
If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user account
and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. If this is the case, it is
recommended that you select a network number from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0 (ignoring the trailing
zero) and you must enable the Single User Account feature of the Prestige. The Internet Assigned Number
Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other
number unless you are told otherwise. Let’s say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which
covers 254 individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other
words, the first 3 numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an individual
workstation on that network.
Internet Access
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember, e.g.,
192.168.1.1, for your Prestige.
The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your Prestige will compute the
subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don’t need to change the subnet
mask computed by the Prestige unless you are instructed to do otherwise.
3.2.2 RIP Setup
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with other routers.
The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets. When set to both, the Prestige
will broadcast its routing table periodically and incorporate the RIP information that it receives; when set to
none, it will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP packets received.
The Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the Prestige
sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally supported; but RIP-2 carries more
information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks, unless you have a unusual network topology.
Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that RIP-2B uses
subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting. Multicasting can reduce the load on non-router
machines since they generally do not listen to the RIP multicast address and so will not receive the RIP
packets. However, if one router uses multicasting, then all routers on your network must use multicasting,
also.
By default, RIP direction is set to Both and the Version set to RIP-1.
3.2.3 DHCP Configuration
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) allows the individual clients (workstations) to obtain the
TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a centralized DHCP server. The Prestige has built-in DHCP server
capability, enabled by default, which means it can assign IP addresses, an IP default gateway and DNS
servers to Windows 95, Windows NT and other systems that support the DHCP client. The Prestige can
also act as a surrogate DHCP server where it relays IP address assignment from the actual DHCP server to
the clients.
IP Pool Setup
The Prestige is pre-configured with a pool of 32 IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.64 for
the client machines. This leaves 31 IP addresses, 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.32 (excluding the Prestige itself
which has a default IP of 192.168.1.1) for other server machines, e.g., server for mail, FTP, telnet, web,
etc., that you may have.
DNS Server Address
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa,
e.g., the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely important because
without it, you must know the IP address of a machine before you can access it. The DNS server addresses
3-2
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
that you enter in the DHCP setup are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and
subnet mask.
There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses. The first is for an ISP to tell a
customer the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when s/he signs up. If
your ISP does give you the DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server fields in DHCP Setup,
otherwise, leave them blank.
Some ISP’s choose to pass the DNS servers using the DNS server extensions of PPP IPCP (IP Control
Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS servers, chances are the
DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The Prestige supports the IPCP DNS server
extensions through the DNS proxy feature.
If the Primary and Secondary DNS Server fields in DHCP Setup are not specified, i.e., left as 0.0.0.0, the
Prestige tells the DHCP clients that it itself is the DNS server. When a workstation sends a DNS query to
the Prestige, the Prestige forwards the query to the real DNS server learned through IPCP and relays the
response back to the workstation.
Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It does not
mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances. If your ISP gives you
explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses in the DHCP Setup menu. This way, the
Prestige can pass the DNS servers to the workstations and the workstations can query the DNS server
directly without the Prestige’s intervention.
3.3
Route IP Setup
The first step is to enable the IP routing in Menu 1 - General Setup.
To edit Menu 1, enter 1 in the Main Menu to select General Setup and press [Enter]. Set the Route IP
field to Yes by pressing the space bar.
Menu 1 - General Setup
System Name= P641
Location= location
Contact Person's Name= name
Route IP= Yes
Route IPX= No
Bridge= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 3-1 Menu 1 – General Setup
Internet Access
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
3.4
TCP/IP Ethernet Setup and DHCP
You will now use Menu 3.2 to configure your Prestige for TCP/IP.
To edit Menu 3.2, enter 3 to open the Menu 3 - Ethernet Setup from the Main Menu. When Menu 3
appears, select the submenu option TCP/IP and DHCP Setup and press [Enter]. The screen now displays
Menu 3.2 - TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup, as shown next.
Menu 3.2 - TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup
First address
in the IP Pool
DHCP Setup:
DHCP= Server
Client IP Pool Starting Address= 192.168.1.33
Size of Client IP Pool= 32
Primary DNS Server= 0.0.0.0
Secondary DNS Server= 0.0.0.0
Remote DHCP Server= N/A
Size of the IP
Pool
TCP/IP Setup:
IP Address= 192.68.1.1
IP Subnet Mask= 255.255.255.0
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-1
IP addresses
of the DNS
servers
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 3-2 Menu 3.2 – TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup
Follow the instructions in the following table on how to configure the DHCP fields.
Table 3-1 DHCP Ethernet Setup Menu Fields
Field
Description
Example
DHCP Setup
DHCP= This field enables/disables the DHCP server/relay. If it is set to
Server, your Prestige will act as a DHCP server. If set to None,
the DHCP server will be disabled. If set to Relay, the Prestige
acts as a surrogate DHCP server and relays DHCP requests
and responses between the remote server and the clients.
None
Server (default)
Relay
When DHCP is used, the following items need to be set:
Client IP Pool Starting This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the
Address IP address pool.
192.168.1.33
Size of Client IP Pool This field specifies the size, or count, of the IP address pool.
32
Secondary DNS
Server
Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. The DNS servers
are passed to the DHCP clients along with the IP address and
the subnet mask.
Remote DHCP
Server
If Relay is selected in the DHCP= field above, then enter the IP
address of the actual, remote DHCP server here.
Primary DNS Server
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Follow the instructions in the following table to configure TCP/IP parameters for the Ethernet port.
Table 3-2 TCP/IP Ethernet Setup Menu Fields
Field
Description
Example
TCP/IP Setup
IP Enter the (LAN) IP address of your Prestige in dotted decimal
Address notation
IP Subnet Mask Your Prestige will automatically calculate the subnet mask based
on the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing
subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the Prestige
RIP Press the space bar to select the RIP direction from Both/In
Direction Only/Out Only or None.
Version Press the space bar to select the RIP version from RIP-1/RIP2B/RIP-2M.
192.168.1.1
(default)
255.255.255.0
Both
(default)
RIP-1
(default)
When you have completed this menu, press [Enter] at the prompt [Press ENTER to Confirm…] to
save your configuration, or press [Esc] at any time to cancel.
3.5
LANs & WANs
A LAN (Local Area Network) is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same
building or floor of a building. A WAN (Wide Area Network), on the other hand is an outside connection to
another network or the Internet.
3.5.1 LANs, WANs and the Prestige
The actual physical connection determines whether the Prestige ports are LAN or WAN ports. There are
two separate IP networks, one inside, the LAN network; the other outside, the WAN network as shown
next.
Internet Access
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
LAN
WAN
LAN IP
WAN IP
INTERNET
Prestige
The interface to
the LAN is
Ethernet
The interface to the Internet or a remote
node is the ADSL port
Figure 3-3 LAN & WAN IPs
3.6
VPI & VCI
Be sure to use the correct Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) numbers
supplied by the Telephone Company. The valid range for the VPI is 1 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to 65535
(1 to 32 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Please see VPI & VCI in Appendix B for more
information.
3.7
Multiplexing
There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be sure to use the
multiplexing method required by your ISP.
3.7.1
VC-based multiplexing
In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit, e.g., VC1
carries IP, VC2 carries IPX, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments where dynamic
creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.
3.7.2
LLC-based multiplexing
In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each
packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this method may be advantageous if it
is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried protocol, e.g., if charging heavily depends on the
number of simultaneous VCs.
3-6
Internet Access
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
3.8
Encapsulation
Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The Prestige supports the following
methods.
3.8.1
ENET ENCAP
The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol (ENET ENCAP) is only implemented with the IP network
protocol. IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN interface and then formatted so
that they can be understood in a bridged environment i.e., it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into
bridged ATM cells. ENET ENCAP requires that you specify a gateway IP address in the Ethernet
Encapsulation Gateway field in Menu 4 and in the Rem IP Addr field in Menu 11.1. You can get this
information from your ISP.
3.8.2
PPP over Ethernet
The Prestige bridges a PPP session over Ethernet (PPP over Ethernet, RFC 2516) from your PC to an ATM
PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) which connects to a xDSL Access Concentrator where the PPP session
terminates. One PVC can support any number of PPP sessions from your LAN. PPPoE provides access
control and billing functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP.
For more information on PPPoE, see PPP over Ethernet in Appendix A.
3.8.3
PPP
Please refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPP over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). Refer to
RFC 1661 for more information on PPP.
3.8.4
RFC 1483
RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5).
The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based
multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual
circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer to the RFC for more detailed information.
3.9
IP Address Assignment
The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled no matter whether you have a dynamic or static
IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences your choices for IP Address and ENET ENCAP
Gateway.
3.9.1
Using PPP or PPPoE Encapsulation
If you have a dynamic IP, then the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable (N/A).
If you have a static IP, then you only need to fill in the IP Address field and not the ENET ENCAP
Gateway field.
Internet Access
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
3.9.2
Using RFC 1483 Encapsulation
In this case the IP Address Assignment must be static with the same requirements for the IP Address and
ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as stated above (in 3.9.1).
3.9.3
Using ENET ENCAP Encapsulation
In this case you can have either a static or dynamic IP. For a static IP you must fill in all the IP Address and
ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as supplied by your ISP. However for a dynamic IP, the Prestige acts as a
DHCP client on the WAN port and so the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable
(N/A) as they are assigned to the Prestige by the DHCP server.
3.10 Internet Access Configuration
Menu 4 allows you to enter the Internet Access information in one screen. Menu 4 is actually a simplified
setup for one of the remote nodes that you can access in Menu 11. Before you configure your Prestige for
Internet access, you need to collect your Internet account information from your ISP and telephone
company.
Use the following table to record your Internet Account Information. Note that if you are using PPP or
PPPoE encapsulation, then the only ISP information you need is a login name and password. You only need
to know the Ethernet Encapsulation Gateway IP address if you are using ENET ENCAP encapsulation.
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table 3-3 Internet Account Information
Internet Account Information
Write your account information here
Telephone Company Information
VPI (Virtual Path Identifier)
−
VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier)
−
ISP Information
IP Address of the ISP's Gateway (Optional)
−
Login Name
−
Password for ISP authentication
−
Type of Multiplexing
−
Type of Encapsulation
−
Ethernet Encapsulation Gateway
−
From the Main Menu, enter 4 to go to Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup, as displayed below. The following
table contains instructions on how to configure your Prestige for Internet access.
Internet Access
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup
ISP's Name= myISP
Encapsulation= ENET ENCAP
Multiplexing= LLC-based
VPI #= 10
VCI #= 10
My Login= N/A
My Password= N/A
Single User Account= No
IP Address Assignment= Static
IP Address= 192.168.1.100
ENET ENCAP Gateway= 192.168.1.1
Get this information
from the telephone
company. Get the
other information from
your ISP.
Press ENTER to confirm or ESC to cancel:
Figure 3-4 Internet Access Setup
Table 3-4 Internet Access Setup Menu Fields
Field
Description
Options/E.G.
Enter the name of your Internet Service Provider, e.g.,
myISP. This information is for identification purposes only.
e.g., MyISP
ISP’s Name
Encapsulation
Press the spacebar to select the method of encapsulation
used by your ISP. Please see section 3.9 for related
information.
Multiplexing
Press the [Space Bar] to select the method of multiplexing
used by your ISP - either VC-based or LLC-based.
PPPoE(default),
PPP, RFC 1483
or ENET
ENCAP.
VC-based LLCbased
Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) that the telephone
company gives you.
e.g., 10
VPI #
Enter the Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) that the telephone
company gives you.
e.g., 10
VCI #
Enter the login name that your ISP gives you. If you are
using PPPoE encapsulation, then this field must be of the
form user@domain where domain identifies your ISP.
e.g., tarbuck
My Login
Enter the password associated with the login name above.
***
Press the spacebar to enable or disable SUA. Please see
Yes/No
My Password
Single User Account
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Field
Description
Options/E.G.
the following section for a more detailed discussion on the
Single User Account feature.
IP Address Assignment
IP Address
ENET ENCAP Gateway
Press the [Space Bar] to select Static or Dynamic address
assignment. Please see section 3.9 for related information.
Static /
Dynamic
Enter the IP address supplied by your ISP if applicable.
e.g.,
192.168.1.100
Enter the gateway IP address supplied by your ISP if
applicable.
e.g.,
192.168.1.1
At this point, if all your settings are correct your Prestige should connect automatically to the Internet. If the
connection fails, note the error message that you receive on the screen and take the appropriate
troubleshooting steps.
3.11 Single User Account
Typically, if there are multiple users on the LAN wanting to concurrently access the Internet, you will have
to lease a block of legal, or globally unique, IP addresses from the ISP.
The Single User Account (SUA) feature allows you to have the same benefits as having multiple legal
addresses, but only pay for one IP address, thus saving significantly on the subscription fees. (Check with
your ISP before you enable this feature). SUA supports popular Internet applications such as MS traceroute,
CuSeeMe, IRC, RealAudio, VDOLive, Quake and PPTP with no extra configuration needed.
Internet Access
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Same Network
Number
192.168.1.33
192.168.1.34
192.168.1.1
INTERNET
192.168.1.35
Prestige
192.168.1.36
The SUA network appears as a
single host to the Internet.
Figure 3-5 Single User Account Topology
The IP address for the SUA can be either fixed or dynamically assigned by the ISP. In addition, you can
designate servers, e.g., a web server and a telnet server, on your local network and make them accessible to
the outside world. If you do not define any server, SUA offers the additional benefit of firewall protection.
If no server is defined, all incoming inquiries will be filtered out by your Prestige, thus preventing intruders
from probing your network. Your Prestige accomplishes this address sharing by translating the internal
LAN IP addresses to a single address that is globally unique on the Internet. For more information on IP
address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address Translator (NAT).
3.11.1 Advantages of SUA
In summary:
SUA is a cost-effective solution for small offices to access the Internet or other remote TCP/IP
networks.
SUA supports servers to be accessible to the outside world.
SUA can provide firewall protection if you do not specify a server. All incoming inquiries will be
filtered out by your Prestige.
UDP and TCP packets can be routed. In addition, partial ICMP, including echo and traceroute, is
supported.
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Internet Access
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
3.11.2 Single User Account Configuration
The steps for configuring your Prestige for Single User Account are identical to the conventional Internet
access with the exception that you need to fill in two extra fields in Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup, as
shown below.
Menu 4 - Internet Access Setup
ISP's Name= 1
Encapsulation= ENET ENCAP
Multiplexing= LLC-based
VPI #= 10
VCI #= 10
My Login= N/A
My Password= N/A
Single User Account= No
IP Address Assignment= Static
IP Address= 192.168.1.100
ENET ENCAP Gateway= 192.168.1.1
SUA
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 3-6 Menu 4 – Internet Access Setup for Single User Account
To enable the SUA feature in Menu 4, move the cursor to the Single User Account field and select Yes (or
No to disable SUA). Then follow the instructions on how to configure the SUA fields.
Internet Access
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table 3-5 Single User Account Menu Fields
Field
Description
Single User Account
Select Yes to enable SUA.
IP Addr. If your ISP did not assign you a static IP address, enter
[0.0.0.0] here; otherwise, enter that IP address here.
Press [Enter] at the message [Press ENTER to Confirm ...] to save your configuration, or
press [Esc] at any time to cancel.
3.12 Multiple Servers behind SUA
If you wish, you can make inside servers for different services, e.g., web or FTP, visible to the outside
users, even though SUA makes your whole inside network appear as a single machine to the outside world.
A service is identified by the port number, e.g., web service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21.
As an example, if you have a web server at 192.168.1.2 and an FTP server 192.168.1.3, then you need to
specify for port 80 (web) the server at IP address 192.168.1.2 and for port 21 (FTP) another at IP address
192.168.1.3.
Please note that a server can support more than one service, e.g., a server can provide both FTP and DNS
service, while another provides only web service. Also, since you need to specify the IP address of a server
in the Prestige, a server must have a fixed IP address and not be a DHCP client whose IP address potentially
changes each time it is powered on.
In addition to the servers for specific services, SUA supports a default server. A service request that does
not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the default server is not
defined, the service request is simply discarded.
To make a server visible to the outside world, specify the port number of the service and the inside IP
address of the server in Menu 15 - Multiple Server Configuration.
3.12.1 Configuring a Server behind SUA
Follow the steps below to configure a server behind SUA:
1. Enter 15 in the main menu to go to Menu 15 - Multiple Server Configuration.
2. Enter an index number in menu 15 to go to Menu 15.1 - SUA Server Configuration.
3. Enter the service port number in the Port # field and the inside IP address of the server in the IP
Address field.
4. Press ENTER at the “Press ENTER to confirm …” prompt to save your configuration after you
define all the servers or press ESC at any time to cancel.
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Internet Access
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Menu 15 - Multiple Server Configuration
Port #
IP Address
-----------------1.Default
2. 0
3. 0
4. 0
5. 0
6. 0
7. 0
8. 0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
0.0.0.0
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 3-7 Multiple Server Configuration
The most often used port numbers are:
Table 3-6 Services vs. Port number
Services
Port Number
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
21
Telnet
23
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
25
DNS(Domain Name System)
53
HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer protocol or WWW, Web) 80
PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol)
Internet Access
1723
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 4
Remote Node Configuration
In this chapter, we discuss the parameters that are protocol
independent. The protocol-dependent configuration will be
covered in subsequent chapters. For TCP/IP, see Chapter 5,
for IPX, see Chapter 6 and for Bridging, see Chapter 7.
A remote node is required for placing calls to a remote gateway. A remote node represents both the remote
gateway and the network behind it across a WAN connection. Note that when you use Menu 4 to set up
Internet access, you are actually configuring one of the remote nodes.
4.1
Remote Node Setup
This section describes the protocol-independent parameters for a remote node.
4.1.1 Remote Node Profile
To configure a remote node, follow these steps:
Step 1.
From the Main Menu, select menu option 1. Remote Node Setup
Step 2.
When Menu 11 appears, as shown below, enter the number of the remote node that you wish to
configure.
Menu 11 - Remote Node Setup
1. nodename
2. ________
3. ________
4. ________
5. ________
6. ________
7. ________
8. ________
9. ________
10. ________
11. ________
12. ________
Enter Node # to Edit:
Figure 4-1 Menu 11 – Remote Node Setup
Remote Node Configuration
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
When Menu 11.1 - Remote Node Profile appears fill in the fields as described in the table that follows to
define this remote profile. The Remote Node Profile Menu Fields table shows how to configure the Remote
Node Menu.
4.1.2
Encapsulation & Multiplexing Scenarios
For Internet Access you should use the encapsulation and multiplexing methods used by your ISP. For a
LAN-to-LAN application, e.g., branch office and corporate headquarters, prior mutual agreement on
methods used is necessary because there is no mechanism to automatically determine
encapsulation/multiplexing. Selection of which encapsulation and multiplexing methods to use depends on
how many VCs you have and how many different network protocols you need. The extra overhead that PPP
over Ethernet (PPPoE) and ENET ENCAP encapsulation entail makes them a poor choice in a LAN-toLAN application. Here are some examples of more suitable combinations in such an application.
Scene 1. One VC, Multiple Protocols
PPP (RFC 2364) encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing is the best combination because the extra
protocol identifying headers that LLC-based multiplexing uses is unneeded. The PPP protocol already
contains this information.
Scene 2. One VC, One Protocol (IP)
Select RFC-1483 encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing requires the least amount of overhead (0
octets). However, if there is a potential need for multiple protocol support in the future, it may be safer to
select PPP encapsulation instead of RFC-1483, so you don’t need to reconfigure either machine when the
time comes.
Scene 3. Multiple VCs
If you have an equal number (or more) of VCs than the number of protocols, then select RFC-1483
encapsulation and VC-based multiplexing.
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Menu 11.1 - Remote Node Profile
Rem Node Name= nodename
Active= Yes
Route= IP
Bridge= No
Encapsulation= PPP
Multiplexing= VC-based
Incoming:
Rem Login=
Rem Password=********
Outgoing:
My Login= oscar
My Password= ********
Authen= CHAP/PAP
Edit PPP Options= No
Rem IP Addr= 0.0.0.0
Edit IP/IPX/Bridge= No
Session Options:
Edit Filter Sets= No
PPPoE Idle Timeout(sec)= 100
Enter a unique
name of less than
8 characters for
the remote name.
Enter the IP
address of the
remote gateway
here.
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 4-2 Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile
Table 4-1 Remote Node Profile Menu Fields
Field
Description
Rem Node Name
This is a required field [?]. Enter a descriptive name for the
remote node, for example, Corp. This field can be up to
eight characters. This name must be unique from any other
remote node name.
Active
Press the spacebar to toggle between Yes and No. Inactive
nodes are displayed with a minus sign (-) at the beginning of
the name in Menu 11.
Encapsulation=
PPPoE refers to RFC 2516 and PPP refers to RFC 2364, "PPP
Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5". If RFC 1483
("Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5") or
ENET ENCAP are selected, then the Rem Login, Rem Password,
My Login, My Password, Edit PPP Options and Authen fields
will not be applicable (N/A). Moreover, ENET ENCAP
encapsulation does not apply for IPX routing.
Multiplexing=
Press the spacebar to the select the multiplexing method.
Options
Yes/No
PPPoE,
PPP,
RFC 1483
or ENET
ENCAP
VC-based
LLC-based
Incoming:
Incoming:
Rem
Login
Name
Enter the login name that this remote node will use when it
calls your Prestige.
Rem
Password
Enter the password used when this remote node calls your
Prestige.
The login name in this field combined with the Rem Node
Password will be used to authenticate this node.
Remote Node Configuration
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Field
Description
Options
Outgoing:
My Login
Enter the login name for your Prestige when it calls this
remote node. If you are using PPPoE encapsulation, then
this field must be of the form user@domain where domain
identifies your ISP.
Outgoing:
My
Password
Enter the password for your Prestige when it calls this
remote node.
Outgoing:
Authen
This field sets the authentication protocol used for outgoing
calls.
Options for this field are:
CHAP/PAP - Your Prestige will accept either CHAP or
PAP when requested by this remote node.
CHAP - accept CHAP only.
PAP - accept PAP only.
CHAP/PAP
CHAP
PAP
Route
This field determines the protocols that your Prestige will
route.
Bridge
Bridging is used for protocols that the Prestige does not
support, e.g., SNA, or not turned on in the previous Route
field. When bridging is enabled, your Prestige will forward
any packet that it does not route to this remote node;
otherwise, the packets are discarded. .
Press
space bar
to toggle
Edit PPP Options
To edit the PPP options for this remote node, move the
cursor to this field, use the space bar to select Yes and
press [Enter]. This will bring you to Menu 11.2 - Remote
Node PPP Options. For more information on configuring
PPP options, see the section Editing PPP Options.
Press
space bar
to toggle
Yes then
press
[Enter]
Rem IP Addr
Enter the IP address of the remote gateway.
Edit IP/IPX/Bridge
Press the space bar to select Yes and press Enter to go to
Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options menu.
Session Option:
Use the space bar to toggle this field to Yes and press
[Enter] to open Menu 11.5 to edit the filter sets. See the
Remote Node Filter section for more details.
Default=
No
This value specifies the number of idle seconds that elapse
before the Prestige automatically disconnects the PPPoE
session.
100
(default)
Edit Filter Sets
PPPoE Idle
Timeout(sec)=
Yes/No
Yes or No
Once you have completed filling in Menu 11.1 – Remote Node Profile, press [Enter] at the message
[Press ENTER to Confirm…] to save your configuration, or press [Esc] at any time to cancel.
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Remote Node Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
4.1.3 Outgoing Authentication Protocol
Generally speaking, you should employ the strongest authentication protocol possible, for obvious reasons.
However, some vendor’s implementation includes specific authentication protocol in the user profile. It
will disconnect if the negotiated protocol is different from that in the user profile, even when the negotiated
protocol is stronger than specified. If you encounter the case where the peer disconnects right after a
successful authentication, please make sure that you specify the correct authentication protocol when
connecting to such an implementation.
4.1.4 Editing PPP Options
To edit the remote node PPP Options, move the cursor to the Edit PPP Options field in Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile, and use the space bar to select Yes. Press Enter to open Menu 11.2, as shown
next.
Menu 11.2 - Remote Node PPP Options
Encapsulation= Standard PPP
Compression= No
Press ENTER to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 4-3 Menu 11.2 - Remote Node PPP Options
The following table describes the Remote Node PPP Options Menu, and contains instructions on how to
configure the PPP options fields.
Table 4-2 Remote Node PPP Options Menu Fields
Field
Encapsulation
Compression
Description
Select the CISCO PPP only when this remote node
is a Cisco machine; otherwise, select the Standard
PPP.
Turn on/off Stac Compression. The default for this
field is Off.
Option
Standard
PPP
CISCO
PPP
On/Off
(Default =
Off)
Once you have completed filling in Menu 11.2 – Remote Node PPP Options, press [Enter] at the
message [Press ENTER to Confirm…] to save your configuration, or press [Esc] at any time to
cancel.
Remote Node Configuration
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
4.1.5 Remote Node Filter
Use Menu 11.5 – Remote Node Filter to specify the filterset(s) to apply to the incoming and outgoing
traffic between this remote node and the Prestige. You can specify up to 4 filter sets separated by comma,
e.g., 1, 5, 9, 12, in each filter field. The default is no filters.
Note that spaces are accepted in this field. For more information on defining the filters, see Chapter 8 on
Filter Configuration.
Menu 11.5 - Remote Node Filter
Input Filter Sets:
protocol filters=
device filters=
Output Filter Sets:
protocol filters=
device filters=
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 4-4 Menu 11.5 – Remote Node Filter
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 5
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
This chapter shows you how to configure
the TCP/IP parameters of a remote node.
A typical LAN-to-LAN application is to use your Prestige to connect a branch office to the headquarters, as
depicted in the following diagram.
5.1
LAN-to-LAN Application
Figure 5-1 TCP/IP LAN-to-LAN Application
For the branch office, you need to configure a remote node in order to dial out to the headquarters.
Additionally, you may also need to define static routes if some services reside beyond the immediate
remote LAN.
5.1.1 Editing TCP/IP Options
Follow the steps below to edit Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options shown next.
In Menu 11.1, move the cursor to the Edit IP/IPX/Bridge, then press the space bar to toggle and set the
value to Yes. Press [Enter] to open Menu 11.3 - Network Layer Options.
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
There are two versions of menu 11.3 for the P641, depending on whether you chose VC-based or LLCbased Multiplexing in menu 11.1.
VC-Based Multiplexing
Remember that for VC-based multiplexing, by prior mutual agreement, a protocol is assigned a specific
virtual circuit, e.g., VC1 will carry IP, VC2 will carry IPX etc.
Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options
IP Options:
Rem IP Addr: 0.0.0.0
Rem Subnet Mask= 0.0.0.0
My WAN Addr= 0.0.0.0
Single User Account= Yes
Metric= 2
Private= No
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-2B
VPI #=1
VCI #=1
IPX Options :
Rem LAN Net #= 00000000
My WAN Net #= 00000000
Hop Count= 1
Tick Count= 2
VPI #= 1
VCI #= 2
Separate VPI and
VCI numbers must
be specified for
each protocol.
Bridge Options:
Ethernet Addr
Timeout(min)= 0
VPI #= 1
VCI #= 3
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 5-2 Menu 11.3 for VC-based multiplexing.
In this case, separate VPI and VCI numbers must be specified for each protocol.
LLC-based multiplexing
For LLC-based multiplexing, one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information
being contained in each packet header.
Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options
LLC-mux or PPP/PPPoE Encap :
VPI #= 1
VCI #= 1
IP Options :
Rem IP Addr: 0.0.0.0
Rem Subnet Mask= 0.0.0.0
My WAN Addr= 0.0.0.0
Single User Account= No
Metric= 2
Private= No
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-2B
IPX Options :
Rem LAN Net #= 00000000
My WAN Net #= 00000000
Hop Count= 1
Tick Count= 2
Only one set of
VPI and VCI
numbers need be
specified.
Bridge Options:
Ethernet Addr Timeout(min)= 0
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 5-3 Menu 11.3 for LLC-based multiplexing
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Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
In this case, only one set of VPI and VCI numbers need be specified for all protocols. The valid range for
the VPI is 1 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (1 to 32 is reserved for local management of ATM
traffic).
The following diagram explains the Sample IP Addresses to help you to understand the field of My Wan
Addr in Menu 11.3. Refer to Figure 3-3 LAN & WAN IPs for a brief review of what a WAN IP is. My
WAN Addr indicates the local Prestige WAN IP while Rem IP Address indicates the peer WAN IP.
Remote Network
Local Network
192.168.1.0
192.168.2.0
192.168.1.1
192.168.2.1
192.168.3.1
192.168.3.2
DSL/
ATM
Prestige
Prestige
ADSL Lines
10/100MB
Ethernet LAN
Figure 5-4 Sample IP Addresses for a TCPI/IP LAN-to-LAN Connection
To configure the TCP/IP parameters of a remote node, first configure the two fields in Menu 11 – Remote
Node Profile, as shown in the table below. For more details on the IP Option fields, refer to Chapter 3.
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
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Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table 5-1 TCP/IP related fields in Remote Node Profile
Field
Description
Rem IP Address
Enter the IP address of the remote gateway in Remote Node
Profile.
Option
Edit IP
Press the space bar to select Yes and press Enter to go to
Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options Menu.
Yes
(Yes/No)
The following table shows the TCP/IP related fields in Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer
Options.
Table 5-2 TCP/IP Remote Node Configuration
Field
Description
Rem IP Address
This will show the IP address you entered for this remote node in
the previous menu.
Option
Rem IP Subnet
Mask
Enter the subnet mask for the remote network.
My WAN Addr
Some implementations, especially the UNIX derivatives, require
the WAN link to have a separate IP network number from the
LAN and each end must have a unique address within the WAN
network number. If this is the case, enter the IP address assigned
to the WAN port of your Prestige.
Note that this is the address assigned to your local Prestige, not
the remote router.
Single User
Account
Set this field to Yes to enable the Single User Account feature for
your Prestige. Use the space bar to toggle between Yes and No.
See Chapter 3 - Internet Access Application for more information
on the Single User Account feature.
Yes/No
Metric
The metric represents the “cost” of transmission for routing
purposes. IP routing uses hop count as the measurement of cost,
with a minimum of 1 for directly connected networks. Enter a
number that approximates the cost for this link. The number need
not be precise, but it must be between 1 and 15. In practice, 2 or
3 is usually a good number.
1 to 15
Private
This parameter determines if the Prestige will include the route to
this remote node in its RIP broadcasts. If set to Yes, this route is
kept private and not included in RIP broadcast. If No, the route to
this remote node will be propagated to other hosts through RIP
Yes/No
5-4
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Field
Description
broadcasts.
RIP Direction
Press the space bar to select the RIP direction from Both/In
Only/Out Only or None.
(Default= Both)
Press the space bar to select the RIP version from RIP-1/RIP2B/RIP-2M.
RIP-1 (default)
Version=
Option
VPI
Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) number that your
telephone company supplies.
VCI
Enter the Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) number that your
telephone company supplies.
Once you have completed filling in the Network Layer Options Menu, press [Enter] to return to Menu 11.
Press [Enter] at the message [Press ENTER to Confirm...] to save your configuration, or press [Esc] at any
time to cancel.
5.1.2
Static Route Setup
Static routes tell the Prestige routing information that it cannot learn automatically through other means.
This can arise in cases where RIP is disabled on the LAN or a remote network is beyond the one that is
directly connected to a remote node.
Each remote node specifies only the network to which the gateway is directly connected, and the Prestige
has no knowledge of the networks beyond. For instance, the Prestige knows about network N2 in the
following diagram through remote node Router 1. However, the Prestige is unable to route a packet to
network N3 because it doesn’t know that there is a route through remote node Router 1 (via Router 2). The
static routes are for you to tell the Prestige about the networks beyond the remote nodes.
N1
N3
N2
Router 1
Router 2
Figure 5-5 Example of Static Routing Topology
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
5-5
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
To configure an IP static route, use Menu 12 - Static Route Setup, as shown next.
Menu 12 - IP Static Route Setup
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
Enter selection number:
Figure 5-6 Menu 12 - IP Static Route Setup
From Menu 12, enter the index of the static route you wish to edit to open Menu 12.1 -Edit IP Static
Route.
Menu 12.1 - Edit IP Static Route
Route #: 1
Route Name= ?
Active= No
Destination IP Address= ?
IP Subnet Mask= ?
Gateway IP Address= ?
Metric= 2
Private= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 5-7 Edit IP Static Route
5-6
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
The following table describes the fields for Menu 12.1.1 – Edit IP Static Route Setup.
Table 5-3 Edit IP Static Route Menu Fields
Field
Description
Route Name
Enter a descriptive name for this route. This is for identification purpose only.
Active
This field allows you to activate/deactivate this static route.
Destination IP
Address
This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination.
Routing is always based on network number. If you need to specify a route to
a single host, use a subnet mask of 255.255.255.255 in the subnet mask field
to force the network number to be identical to the host ID.
IP Subnet Mask
Enter the subnet mask for this destination. Follow the discussion on IP subnet
mask in this chapter.
Gateway IP
Address
Enter the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate neighbor of
your Prestige that will forward the packet to the destination. On the LAN, the
gateway must be a router on the same segment as your Prestige; over WAN,
the gateway must be the IP address of one of the remote nodes.
Metric
The metric represents the “cost” of transmission for routing purposes. IP
routing uses hop count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of 1 for
directly connected networks. Enter a number that approximates the cost for
this link. The number need not be precise, but it must be between 1 and 15. In
practice, 2 or 3 is usually a good number.
Private
This parameter determines if the Prestige will include the route to this remote
node in its RIP broadcasts. If set to Yes, this route is kept private and not
included in RIP broadcast. If No, the route to this remote node will be
propagated to other hosts through RIP broadcasts.
Remote Node TCP/IP Configuration
5-7
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 6
IPX Configuration
This chapter shows you how to configure the
IPX parameters of the Prestige 641.
6.1
IPX Network Environment
Novell bundles the protocol stack, the server software and routing functionality in their NetWare server
products, so a NetWare server is not only a file or print server, it is also a router.
6.1.1 Network and Node Number
Every IPX machine has a network number and a node number, together they form the complete address of
the machine. The IPX network number is a 32-bit quantity and is usually expressed in 8 hexadecimal
digits, e.g., 0893A8CF. The host number is a 48-bit quantity and usually is taken from the MAC (Media
Access Control) address of the Ethernet hardware, so you don’t have to explicitly configure the node
number.
An IPX client obtains its network number from a server that has the network numbers statically configured.
If there are multiple servers on a network, only one server need to have the network numbers configured
and all other stations (clients and servers) can obtain the network numbers from it. The server with
configured network numbers is called a seed router.
If you have a NetWare server on the same LAN as the Prestige 641, we recommend that you set up a
NetWare server as a seed router. Even though the Prestige 641 is capable as a seed router, a NetWare
server offers a much more extensive facility for network management.
6.1.2 Frame Types
IPX can run on top of four different frame types on the Ethernet. These frame types are 802.2, 802.3,
Ethernet II (DIX), and SNAP (Sub-Network Access Protocol). Each frame type is a separate logical
network, even though they exist on one physical cable (see the following diagram).
Although there are four frame types available on the Ethernet, you should configure as few frame types as
possible on your NetWare server and use automatic frame detection on the clients to simplify management
and to reduce network overhead.
IPX Configuration
6-1
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Figure 6-1 NetWare Server
6.1.3 External Network Number
Each of the four logical networks (based on frame type) has its own external network number.
6.1.4 Internal Network Number
In addition to the external network numbers, each NetWare server has its own internal network number that
is a virtual network to which the server is attached. It is important to remember that every network number
must be unique for that entire internetwork, either internal or external.
6.2
Prestige 641 in an IPX Environment
There are two scenarios in which your Prestige 641 is deployed, depending on whether there is a NetWare
server on the LAN, as depicted in the following diagram.
6-2
IPX Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Figure 6-2 Prestige 641 in an IPX Environment
6.2.1 Prestige 641 on LAN with Server
If your Prestige 641 is on a LAN with a seed router, you do not need to configure the LAN network
numbers. Your Prestige 641 will learn the network number from the seed router and add the routes to its
routing table.
6.2.2 Prestige 641 on LAN without Server
Each IPX network must have a seed router. If you only have NetWare clients on your network, then you
must configure the Prestige 641 as a seed router and set up unique network numbers for each frame type
enabled using the Ethernet Setup Menu.
IPX Configuration
6-3
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
6.3
IPX Ethernet Setup
From Menu 3 - Ethernet Setup, enter 3 to go to Menu 3.3 - Novell IPX Ethernet Setup as shown in the
figure below.
Menu 3.3 - Novell IPX Ethernet Setup
Seed Router= No
Frame Type 802.2= Yes
IPX Network #= N/A
Frame Type 802.3= No
IPX Network #= N/A
Frame Type Ethernet II= No
IPX Network #= N/A
Frame Type SNAP= No
IPX Network #= N/A
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 6-3 Menu 3.3 - Novell IPX Ethernet Setup
The following table describes the Novell IPX Ethernet Setup Menu.
Table 6-1 Novell IPX Ethernet Setup Fields
Field
Description
Options
Seed Router
Determine if your Prestige 641 is to act as a seed
router.
Yes/No
Frame Type
Enable/Disable the individual frame type.
Remember to enable only the ones that are actually
used on your network.
802.2
802.3
Ethernet II
SNAP
IPX Network
If your Prestige 641 is a seed router, enter a unique
network number for each frame type enabled.
Press [Enter] at the message [Press ENTER to Confirm ...] to save your configuration,
or press [Esc] at any time to cancel.
6-4
IPX Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
6.4
LAN-to-LAN Application with Novell IPX
A typical LAN-to-LAN application is to use your Prestige 641 to call from a branch office to the corporate
headquarters to enable the stations in the branch office to access the NetWare servers at the headquarters, as
depicted in the figure below.
Figure 6-4 LAN-to-LAN Application with Novell IPX
IPX Configuration
6-5
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
6.4.1 IPX Remote Node Setup
Follow the procedure in Chapter 5 to configure the protocol-independent parameters in Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile. For the IPX-specific parameters in Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer
Options follow the instructions below.
Step 1.
In Menu 11.1, make sure IPX is among the protocols in the Route field. (The Route field should
display Route = IPX or Route = IP + IPX.)
Step 2.
Move the cursor to the Edit IP/IPX/Bridge field, then press the space bar to select Yes and
press [Enter] to open Menu 11.3 - Network Layer Options.
Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options
LLC-mux or PPP/PPPoE Encap :
VPI #= 1
VCI #= 1
IP Options:
Rem IP Addr:
Rem Subnet Mask= N/A
My WAN Addr= N/A
Single User Account= N/A
Metric= N/A
Private= N/A
RIP Direction= N/A
Version= N/A
IPX Options:
Rem LAN Net #= 00000000
My WAN Net #= 00000000
Hop Count= 1
Tick Count= 2
Bridge Options:
Ethernet Addr Timeout(min)= N/A
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 6-5 Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Novell IPX Options
6-6
IPX Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
The table below describes the IPX-specific parameters of the remote node setup.
Table 6-2 Remote Node Novell IPX Options
Field
Description
Rem LAN
Net #
In this field, enter the internal network number of the NetWare
server on the remote LAN.
My WAN
Net #
In this field, enter the network number of the WAN link. If you
leave this field as 00000000, your Prestige will determine
automatically the network number through negotiation with the
PPP peer.
Hop Count
This field indicates the number of intermediate networks that must
be passed through to reach the remote node.
Tick Count
This field indicates the time-ticks required to reach the remote
node.
Option
00000000
(default)
(default)
2 (default)
Once you have completed filling in the Network Layer Options Menu, press [Enter] to return to
Menu 11.1. Then press [Enter] at the message [Press ENTER to Confirm] to save your
configuration, press [Esc] to cancel.
IPX Configuration
6-7
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
6.4.2 IPX Static Route Setup
Similar to IP, IPX static routes tell the Prestige 641 how to reach servers beyond a remote node before a
connection to that remote node is established.
From Menu 12, select two, then select one of the IPX Static Routes to open Menu 12.2.1 - Edit IPX Static
Route, as shown next.
Menu 12.2.1 - Edit IPX Static Route
Route #= 11
Server Name= ?
Active= Yes
Network #= ?
Node #= 000000000001
Socket #= 0451
Type #= 0004
Hop Count= 2
Tick Count= 3
Gateway Node= 1
Press ENTER to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 6-6 Menu 12.2 - Edit IPX Static Route
6-8
IPX Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
The following table contains the instructions on how to configure the Edit IP Static Route Menu.
Table 6-3 Edit IPX Static Route Menu Fields
Field
Description
Server Name
In this field, enter the name of the server. This must be the exact name
configured in the NetWare server.
Network #
This field contains the internal network number of the remote server that
you wish to access. [00000000] or [FFFFFFFF] are reserved.
Node #
This field contains the address of the node on which the server resides. If
you are using a Novell IPX implementation, this value is [000000000001].
Socket #
This field contains the socket number on which the server will receive
service requests. The default for this field is hex [0451].
Type #
This field identifies the type of service the server provides. The default for
this field is hex [0004].
Gateway Node
In this field, enter the number of the remote node that is the gateway for
this static route.
Hop Count and
Tick Count
These two fields have the same meaning as those in the Ethernet setup.
Once you have completed filling in the menu, press [Enter] at the message [Press ENTER to
Confirm…] to save your configuration, or press [Esc] to cancel to cancel.
IPX Configuration
6-9
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 7
Bridging Setup
This chapter shows you how to configure the
bridging parameters of your Prestige.
7.1
Bridging in General
Bridging bases the forwarding decision on the MAC (Media Access Control), or hardware address, while
routing does it on the network layer (IP or IPX) address. Bridging allows the Prestige 641 to transport
packets of network layer protocols that the Prestige 641 does not route, e.g., SNA, from one network to
another. The caveat is that, compared to routing, bridging generates more traffic for the same network layer
protocol and it also demands more CPU cycles and memory.
For efficiency reasons, do not turn on bridging unless you need to support protocols other than IP and IPX
on your network. For IP and IPX, enable the respective routing if you need it; do not bridge what the
Prestige 641 can route.
7.2
Bridge Ethernet Setup
Basically, all non-local packets are bridged to the WAN; however, your Prestige 641 applies special
handling for certain IPX packets to reduce the number of calls, depending on the setting of the Handle IPX
field.
Bridging Setup
7-1
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
From Menu 3 - Ethernet Setup, enter 4 to bring up Menu 3.4 - Bridge Ethernet Setup as shown next.
Menu 3.4 - Bridge Ethernet Setup
Handle IPX= None
Press ENTER to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 7-1 Menu 3.5 - Bridge Ethernet Setup
The following table describes how to configure the Handle IPX field in Menu 3.5.
Table 7-1 Bridge Ethernet Setup Menu - Handle IPX Field Configuration
Handle IPX Field
Options
Description
(Menu 3.5)
None
When there is no IPX traffic on the LAN or when you do not want to
apply any special handling for IPX.
Client
When there are only client workstations on the LAN. RIP and SAP
(Service Advertising Protocol) response packets will not trigger calls.
Server
When there are only IPX servers on the LAN. No RIP or SAP packets
will trigger calls. In addition, during the time when the line is down, your
Prestige 641 will reply to watchdog messages from the servers on behalf
of remote clients. The period of time that your Prestige 641 will do this is
linked to the Ethernet Address Timeout parameter in each remote node
(see Remote Node Configuration). When a remote Ethernet address is
aged out, there is no need to maintain its connection to the IPX server.
7.2.1 Remote Node Bridging Setup
Follow the procedure in Chapter 5 to configure the protocol-independent parameters in Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile. For bridging-specific parameters, you need to configure Menu 11.3 - Remote Node
Network Layer Options.
To set up Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options follow these steps:
7-2
Bridging Setup
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Step 1.
In Menu 11.1, make sure the Bridge field is set to Yes.
Step 2.
Move the cursor to the Edit IP/IPX/Bridge field, then press the space bar to select Yes and
press [Enter] to open Menu 11.3 - Network Layer Options.
Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Network Layer Options
LLC-mux or PPP/PPPoE Encap :
VPI #= 1
VCI #= 1
IP Options :
Rem IP Addr: 0.0.0.0
Rem Subnet Mask= 0.0.0.0
My WAN Addr= 0.0.0.0
Single User Account= No
Metric= 2
Private= No
RIP Direction= Both
Version= RIP-2B
IPX Options :
Rem LAN Net #= 00000000
My WAN Net #= 00000000
Hop Count= 1
Tick Count= 2
Bridge Options:
Ethernet Addr Timeout(min)= 0
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 7-2 Menu 11.3 - Remote Node Bridging Options
The following table describes the bridging-specific parameters in the Remote Node Profile and Network
Layers menus.
Table 7-2 P641 Remote Node Network Layers Menu Bridge Options
Field
Description
Bridge
Make sure this field is set to Yes.
Edit IP/IPX/Bridge
Press the space bar to change it to Yes and press Enter] to go to the
Network Layer Options Menu.
Ethernet Addr
Timeout (min)
In this field, enter the time (number of minutes) that you wish your
Prestige 641 to retain the Ethernet Addr information in its internal tables
while the line is down. If this information is retained, your Prestige 641
will not have to recompile the tables when the line is brought back up.
Once you have completed filling in the Network Layer Options Menu, press [Enter] to return to
Menu 11.1. Then press [Enter] at the message [Press ENTER to Confirm…] to save your
configuration, or press [Esc] to cancel.
Bridging Setup
7-3
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
7.3
Bridge Static Route Setup
Similar to network layer static routes, a bridging static route tells the Prestige 641 about the route to a node
before a connection is established. You configure bridge static routes in Menu 12.3.1, by pressing 3 in
menu 12 and then selecting one of the bridge static routes as shown below.
Menu 12.3 - Bridge Static Route Setup
1.
2.
3.
4.
________
________
________
________
Enter selection number:
Figure 7-3 Menu 12.3 - Bridge Static Route Setup
Menu 12.3.1 - Edit Bridge Static Route
Route #: 21
Route Name=
Active= No
Ether Address= ?
IP Address=
Gateway Node= 1
Press ENTER to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 7-4 Menu 12.3.1 - Edit Bridge Static Route
7-4
Bridging Setup
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
The following table describes the Bridge Static Route Menu.
Table 7-3 Bridge Static Route Menu Fields
Field
Description
Route Name
Enter a name for the bridge static route for identification purposes.
Active
Activate/deactivate the static route.
Ether Address
Enter the MAC address of the destination machine that you wish to
bridge the packets to.
IP Address
If available, enter the IP address of the destination machine that you
wish to bridge the packets to.
Gateway Node
Enter the number of the remote node that is the gateway of this static
route.
Once you have completed filling in this menu, press [Enter] at the message [Press
ENTER to Confirm…] to save your configuration, or press [Esc] to cancel.
Bridging Setup
7-5
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 8
Filter Configuration
This chapter shows you how to
create and apply filter(s).
8.1
About Filtering
Your Prestige uses filters to decide whether or not to allow passage of a packet. Data filters are divided into
incoming and outgoing filters, depending on the direction of the packet relative to a port. These filters are
further subdivided into device and protocol filters, which are discussed later.
The following sections describe how to configure filter sets.
The Filter Structure of the Prestige
A filter set consists of one or more filter rules. Usually, you would group related rules, e.g., all the rules for
NetBIOS, into a single set and give it a descriptive name. The Prestige allows you to configure up to twelve
filter sets with six rules in each set, for a total of 72 filter rules in the system. You cannot mix device filter
rules and protocol filter rules within the same set.
Three sets of factory default filter rules have been configured in Menu 21 to prevent NetBIOS traffic from
triggering calls and to prevent incoming telnetting. A summary of their filter rules is shown in the figures
that follow and also see section 8.5 Applying a Filter and Factory Defaults.
You can apply up to four filter sets to a particular port to block multiple types of packets. With each filter
set having up to six rules, you can have a maximum of 24 rules active for a single port.
8.2
Configuring a Filter Set
To configure a filter sets, follow this procedure:
Step 1.
Enter 21 from the Main Menu to open Menu 21 - Filter Set Configuration.
Filter Configuration
8-1
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Menu 21 - Filter Set Configuration
Filter
Set #
-----1
Comments
-----------------NetBIOS_WAN
NetBIOS_LAN
TELNET_WAN
______________
______________
______________
Filter
Set #
-----7
10
11
12
Comments
-----------------______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
______________
Enter Filter Set Number to Configure=
Edit Comments= NetBIOS_WAN
Press ENTER to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
Figure 8-1 Menu 21 - Filter Set Configuration
Step 2.
Enter the index of the filter set you wish to configure (no. 1-12) and press [Enter].
Step 3.
Enter a descriptive name or comment in the Edit Comments field and press Enter.
Step 4.
Press [Enter] at the message: [Press ENTER to confirm] to open Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules
Summary.
Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary
# A Type
Filter Rules
M m n
- - ---- -------------------------------------------- --------- - - 1 Y IP
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=137
N D N
2 Y IP
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=138
N D N
3 Y IP
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=139
N D N
4 Y IP
Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=137
N D N
5 Y IP
Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=138
N D N
6 Y IP
Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=139
N D F
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure: 1
Edit Comments= NetBIOS_WAN
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure:
Figure 8-2 NetBIOS_WAN Filter Rules Summary
8-2
Filter Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Menu 21.2 - Filter Rules Summary
# A Type
Filter Rules
M m n
- - ---- -------------------------------------------- --------- - - 1
Y IP
Pr=17, SA=0.0.0.0, SP=137, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=53
N D F
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure: 1
Figure 8-3 NetBIOS _LAN Filter Rules Summary
Menu 21.3 - Filter Rules Summary
# A Type
Filter Rules
M m n
- - ---- -------------------------------------------------------------- - - 1 Y IP
Pr=6, SA=0.0.0.0, DA=0.0.0.0, DP=23
N D F
2 N
3 N
4 N
5 N
6 N
Enter Filter Rule Number (1-6) to Configure: 1
Figure 8-4 Telnet Filter Rules Summary
8.2.1 Filter Rules Summary Menu
This screen shows a summary of the existing rules in an example filter set. The following tables contain a
brief description of the abbreviations used in Menu 21.1.
Filter Configuration
8-3
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table 8-1 Abbreviations Used in the Filter Rules Summary Menu
Abbreviations
Description
Refers to the filter rule number (1-6).
Refers to Active.
Display
[Y] means the filter rule is active.
[N] means the filter rule is inactive.
Type
Refers to the type of filter rule.
[GEN] for Generic
This shows GEN for generic, IP for
TCP/IP
[IP] for TCP/IP
Filter Rules
The filter rule parameters are displayed
here (see below).
Refers to More.
[Y]
[Y] means an action can not yet be taken
as there are more rules to check, which
are concatenated with the present rule
to form a rule chain. When the rule chain
is complete an action can be taken.
[N]
[N] means you can now specify an action
to be taken i.e., forward the packet, drop
the packet or check the next rule. For the
latter, the next rule is independent of the
rule just checked.
If More is Yes, then Action Matched and
Action Not Matched will be N/A
Refers to Action Matched.
[F] means to forward the packet.
[F] means to forward the packet
immediately and skip checking the
remaining rules.
[D] means to drop the packet.
Refers to Action Not Matched.
[F] means to forward the packet.
[F] means to forward the packet
immediately and skip checking the
remaining rules.
[D] means to drop the packet.
[N] means check the next rule.
[N] means check the next rule.
The protocol dependent filter rules abbreviation are listed as follows:
8-4
If the filter type is IP, the following abbreviations listed in the following table will be used.
Filter Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table 8-2 Abbreviations Used If Filter Type Is IP
•
Abbreviation
Description
Pr
Protocol
SA
Source Address
SP
Source Port number
DA
Destination Address
DP
Destination Port number
Abbreviations Used If Filter Type Is IPX
Table 8-3 Abbreviations Used If Filter Type Is IPX
Abbreviation
Description
PT
IPX Packet Type
SS
Source Socket
DS
Destination Socket
If the filter type is GEN (generic), the following abbreviations listed in the following table will be
used.
Table 8-4 Abbreviations Used If Filter Type Is GEN
Abbreviation
Description
Off
Offset
Len
Length
Refer to the next section for information on configuring the filter rules.
8.3
Configuring a Filter Rule
To configure a filter rule, enter its number in Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary and press Enter to open
Menu 21.1.1 for the rule.
There are three types of filter rules: TCP/IP, IPX and Generic. Depending on the type of rule, the
parameters below the type will be different. Use the space bar to select the type of rule that you wish to
create in the Filter Type field and press Enter to open the respective menu.
To speed up filtering, all rules in a filter set must be of the same class, i.e., protocol filters or generic filters.
The class of a filter set is determined by the first rule that you create. When applying the filter sets to a
Filter Configuration
8-5
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
port, separate menu fields are provided for protocol and device filter sets. If you include a protocol filter set
in a device filters field or vice versa, the Prestige will warn you and will not allow you to save.
8.4
Filter Types and SUA
There are two types of filter rules, Device Filter (Generic) rules and Protocol Filter (TCP/IP and IPX)
rules. Device Filter rules act on the raw data from/to LAN and WAN. Protocol Filter rules act on the IP
and IPX packets. Generic and TCP/IP filter rules are discussed in more detail in the next section. When
NAT/SUA (Network Address Translation/Single User Account) is enabled, the inside IP address and port
number are replaced on a connection-by-connection basis, which makes it impossible to know the exact
address and port on the wire. Therefore, the Prestige applies the protocol filters to the “native” IP address
and port number before NAT/SUA for outgoing packets and after NAT/SUA for incoming packets. On the
other hand, the generic, or device filters are applied to the raw packets that appear on the wire. They are
applied at the point when the Prestige is receiving and sending the packets; i.e. the interface. The interface
can be an Ethernet, or any other hardware port. The following diagram illustrates this.
Incoming
Incoming
Device
Protocol
Filters
Filters
Route
Interface
Outgoing
Device
Filters
Outgoing
Protocol
Filters
Figure 8-5 Protocol and Device Filter Sets
8.4.1 TCP/IP Filter Rule
This section shows you how to configure a TCP/IP filter rule. TCP/IP rules allow you to base the rule on
the fields in the IP and the upper layer protocol, e.g., UDP and TCP, headers.
8-6
Filter Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
To configure a TCP/IP rules, select TCP/IP Filter Rule from the Filter Type field and press Enter to open
Menu 21.1.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule, as shown next.
Menu 21.1.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule
Filter #: 1,1
Filter Type= TCP/IP Filter Rule
Active= Yes
IP Protocol= 6
IP Source Route= No
Destination: IP Addr= 0.0.0.0
IP Mask= 0.0.0.0
Port #= 137
Port # Comp= Equal
Source: IP Addr= 0.0.0.0
IP Mask= 0.0.0.0
Port #= 0
Port # Comp= None
TCP Estab= No
More= No
Log= None
Action Matched= Check Next Rule
Action Not Matched= Check Next Rule
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 8-6 Menu 21.1.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule
The following table describes how to configure your TCP/IP filter rule.
Table 8-5 TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu Fields
Field
Description
Option
Active
This field activates/deactivates the filter rule.
Yes/No
IP Protocol
Protocol refers to the upper layer protocol, e.g., TCP is 6,
UDP is 17 and ICMP is 1. This value must be between 0
and 255
0-255
IP Source Route
If Yes, the rule applies to packet with IP source route
option; else the packet must not have source route option.
The majority of IP packets do not have source route.
Yes/No
Destination: IP
Addr
Enter the destination IP Address of the packet you wish to
filter. This field is a don’t-care if it is 0.0.0.0.
IP address
Destination: IP
Mask
Enter the IP subnet mask to apply to the Destination: IP
Addr.
Subnet mask
Destination: Port #
Enter the destination port of the packets that you wish to
filter. The range of this field is 0 to 65535. This field is a
don’t-care if it is 0.
0-65535
Filter Configuration
8-7
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Field
Description
Option
Destination: Port #
Comp
Select the comparison to apply to the destination port in
the packet against the value given in Destination: Port #.
Source: IP Addr
Enter the source IP Address of the packet you wish to
filter. This field is a don’t-care if it is 0.0.0.0.
Source: IP Mask
Enter the IP subnet mask to apply to the Source: IP Addr.
IP Mask
Source: Port #
Enter the source port of the packets that you wish to filter.
The range of this field is 0 to 65535. This field is a don’tcare if it is 0.
0-65535
Source: Port #
Comp
Select the comparison to apply to the source port in the
packet against the value given in Source: Port #.
None/Less/Greater/
Equal/Not Equal
TCP Estab
This field is applicable only when IP Protocol field is 6,
TCP. If yes, the rule matches only established TCP
connections; else the rule matches all TCP packets.
Yes/No
More
If yes, a matching packet is passed to the next filter rule
before an action is taken; else the packet is disposed of
according to the action fields.
None/Less/Greater/
Equal/Not Equal
IP Address
Yes / N/A
If More is Yes, then Action Matched and Action Not
Matched will be N/A.
Log
Action Matched
Select the logging option from the following:
None – No packets will be logged.
Action Matched - Only packets that match the rule
parameters will be logged.
Action Not Matched - Only packets that do not
match the rule parameters will be logged.
Both – All packets will be logged.
Select the action for a matching packet.
None
Action Matched
Action Not Matched
Both
Check Next Rule
Forward
Drop
Action Not Matched
Select the action for a packet not matching the rule.
Check Next Rule
Forward
Drop
Once you have completed filling in Menu 21.1.1 - TCP/IP Filter Rule, press [Enter] at the message [Press
Enter to Confirm] to save your configuration, or press [Esc] to cancel. This data will now be displayed on
Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary.
8-8
Filter Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
8.4.2 Generic Filter Rule
This section shows you how to configure a generic filter rule. The purpose of generic rules is to allow you
to filter non-IP packets. For IP, it is generally easier to use the IP rules directly.
For generic rules, the Prestige treats a packet as a byte stream as opposed to an IP or IPX packet. You
specify the portion of the packet to check with the Offset (from 0) and the Length fields, both in bytes. The
Prestige applies the Mask (bit-wise ANDing) to the data portion before comparing the result against the
Value to determine a match. The Mask and Value are specified in hexadecimal numbers. Note that it takes
two hexadecimal digits to represent a byte, so if the length is 4, the value in either field will take 8 digits,
e.g., FFFFFFFF.
To configure a generic rule, select Generic Filter Rule in the Filter Type field and press Enter to open Menu
21.1.2 - Generic Filter Rule, as shown next.
Menu 21.1.2 - Generic Filter Rule
Filter #: 1,1
Filter Type= Generic Filter Rule
Active= No
Offset= 0
Length= 0
Mask= N/A
Value= N/A
More= No
Log= None
Action Matched= Check Next Rule
Action Not Matched= Check Next Rule
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 8-7 Menu 21.1.2 - Generic Filter Rule
The following table describes the fields in the Generic Filter Rule Menu.
Filter Configuration
8-9
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table 8-6 Generic Filter Rule Menu Fields
Field
Description
Filter #
This is the filter set, filter rule co-ordinates, i.e., 2,3 refers to the second
filter set and the third filter rule of that set.
Option
Filter Type
Use the space bar to toggle between both types of rules. Parameters
displayed below each type will be different.
Active
Select Yes to turn on the filter rule.
Yes/No
Offset
Enter the starting byte of the data portion in the packet that you wish to
compare. The range for this field is from 0 to 255.
Default = 0
Length
Enter the byte count of the data portion in the packet that you wish to
compare. The range for this field is 0 to 8.
Default = 0
Mask
Enter the mask (in Hexadecimal) to apply to the data portion before
comparison.
Value
Enter the value (in Hexadecimal) to compare with the data portion.
More
If yes, a matching packet is passed to the next filter rule before an action is
taken; else the packet is disposed of according to the action fields.
Generic Filter
Rule/ TCP/IP
Filter Rule
Yes / N/A
If More is Yes, then Action Matched and Action Not Matched will be N/A.
Log
Action
Matched
Select the logging option from the following:
None – No packets will be logged.
Action Matched - Only packets that match the rule parameters will
be logged.
Action Not Matched - Only packets that do not match the rule
parameters will be logged.
Both – All packets will be logged.
Select the action for a matching packet.
None
Action
Matched
Action Not
Matched
Both
Check Next
Rule
Forward
Drop
Action Not
Matched
Select the action for a packet not matching the rule.
Check Next
Rule
Forward
Drop
Once you have completed filling in Menu 21.1.2 - generic Filter Rule, press [Enter] at the message [Press
Enter to Confirm] to save your configuration, or press [Esc] to cancel. This data will now be displayed on
Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary.
8-10
Filter Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
8.4.3
Novell IPX Filter Rule
This section shows you how to configure an IPX filter rule. IPX filters allow you to base the rules on the
fields in the IPX headers.
To configure an IPX rules, select IPX Filter Rule from the Filter Type field and press Enter to open
Menu 21.1.3 IPX Filter Rule, as shown in the figure below.
Menu 21.1.3 - IPX Filter Rule
Filter #: 1,1
Filter Type= IPX Filter Rule
Active= No
IPX Packet Type=
Destination: Network #=
Node #=
Socket #=
Socket # Comp= None
Source: Network #=
Node #=
Socket #=
Socket # Comp= None
Operation= N/A
More= No
Log= None
Action Matched= Check Next Rule
Action Not Matched= Check Next Rule
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 8-8 Menu 21.1.3 - IPX Filter Rule
Filter Configuration
8-11
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
The table below describes the IPX Filter Rule.
Table 8-7 IPX Filter Rule Menu Fields
Field
Description
IPX Packet Type
Enter the IPX packet type (1-byte in hexadecimal) you wish to
filter.
The popular types are (in hexadecimal):
01 - RIP
04 - SAP
05 - SPX (Sequenced Packet eXchange)
11 - NCP (NetWare Core Protocol)
14 - Novell NetBIOS
Destination/Source
Network #
Enter the destination/source network numbers (4-byte in
hexadecimal) of the packet that you wish to filter.
Destination/Source Node
Enter in the destination/source node number (6-byte in
hexadecimal) of the packet you wish to filter.
Destination/Source
Socket #
Enter the destination/source socket number (2-byte in
hexadecimal) of the packets that you wish to filter.
Destination/Source
Socket # Comp
Select the comparison you wish to apply to the
destination/source socket in the packet against that specified
above.
Operation
This field is applicable only if one of the Socket # fields is 0452
or 0453 indicating SAP and RIP packets. There are seven
options for this field that specify the type of the packet.
None.
RIP Request.
RIP Response.
SAP Request.
SAP Response.
SAP Get Nearest Server Request.
SAP Get Nearest Server Response
Once you have completed filling in Menu 21.1.3 - IPX Filter Rule, press [Enter] at the
message [Press Enter to Confirm] to save your configuration, or press [Esc] to cancel. This
data will now be displayed on Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary.
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Filter Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
8.5
Applying a Filter and Factory Defaults
This section shows you where to apply the filter(s) after you design it (them). Three sets of factory default
filter rules have been configured in Menu 21 to prevent NetBIOS traffic from triggering calls and to prevent
incoming telnetting.
8.5.1 Ethernet traffic
You seldom need to filter Ethernet traffic; however, the filter sets may be useful to block certain packets,
reduce traffic and prevent security breaches. Go to Menu 3.1 (shown below) and enter the number(s) of the
filter set(s) that you want to apply as appropriate. You can choose up to four filter sets (from twelve) by
entering their numbers separated by commas, e.g., 3, 4, 6, 11. The factory default filter set, NetBIOS_LAN,
is inserted in the protocol filters field under Input Filter Sets in Menu 3.1 in order to prevent local
NetBIOS messages from triggering calls to the DNS server
Menu 3.1 - General Ethernet Setup
Input Filter Sets:
protocol filters= 2
device filters=
Output Filter Sets:
protocol filters=
device filters=
NetBIOS_LAN
factory default
filter
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 8-9 Filtering Ethernet traffic
8.5.2 Remote Node Filters
Go to Menu 11.5 (shown next) and enter the number(s) of the filter set(s) as appropriate. You can cascade
up to four filter sets by entering their numbers separated by commas. The factory default filter set,
NetBIOS_WAN, is inserted in protocol filters field under Call Filter Sets in Menu 11.5 to block local
NetBIOS traffic from triggering calls to the ISP.
Filter Configuration
8-13
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Telnet factory
default filter
Menu 11.5 - Remote Node Filter
Input Filter Sets:
protocol filters= 3
device filters=
Output Filter Sets:
protocol filters= 1
device filters=
Enter here to CONFIRM or ESC to CANCEL:
NetBIOS_WAN
factory default
filter
Figure 8-10 Filtering Remote Node traffic
8-14
Filter Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 9
SNMP Configuration
This chapter discusses SNMP (Simple Network
Management Protocol) for network
management and monitoring.
9.1
About SNMP
Your Prestige 641 supports SNMP agent functionality, which allows a manager station to manage and
monitor the Prestige through the network. Keep in mind that SNMP is only available if TCP/IP is
configured on your Prestige.
9.2
Configuring SNMP
To configure SNMP, select SNMP Configuration (enter 22) from the Main Menu to open Menu 22 SNMP Configuration, as shown in the figure below. The “community” for Get, Set and Trap fields is
simply SNMP’s terminology for password.
Menu 22 - SNMP Configuration
SNMP:
Get Community= public
Set Community= public
Trusted Host= 0.0.0.0
Trap:
Community= public
Destination= 0.0.0.0
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Figure 9-1 Menu 22 - SNMP Configuration
SNMP Configuration
9-1
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
The following table describes the SNMP configuration parameters.
Table 9-1 SNMP Configuration Menu Fields
Field
Description
Default
Get
Community
Enter the get community, which is the password for the incoming
Get- and GetNext- requests from the management station.
public
Set
Community
Enter the set community, which is the password for incoming Setrequests from the management station.
public
Trusted Host
If you enter a trusted host, your Prestige will only respond to
SNMP messages from this address. If you leave the field blank
(default), your Prestige will respond to all SNMP messages it
receives, regardless of source.
blank
Trap:
Community
Enter the trap community, which is the password sent with each
trap to the SNMP manager.
public
Trap:
Destination
Enter the IP address of the station to send your SNMP traps to.
blank
Once you have completed filling in Menu 22 - SNMP Configuration, press [Enter] at the
message [Press Enter to Confirm] to save your configuration, or press [Esc] to cancel.
9-2
SNMP Configuration
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 10
System Maintenance
This chapter covers the diagnostic tools
that help you to maintain your Prestige.
The diagnostic tools include updates on system status, port status, log and trace capabilities and upgrades
for the system software. This chapter describes how to use these tools in detail.
Select menu 24 in the main menu to open Menu 24 - System Maintenance, as shown below.
Menu 24 - System Maintenance
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
System Status
System Information and Console Port Speed
Log and Trace
Diagnostic
Backup Configuration
Restore Configuration
Firmware Update
Command Interpreter Mode
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Figure 10-1 Menu 24 - System Maintenance
System Maintenance
10-1
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
10.1 System Status
The first selection, System Status, gives you information on the status and statistics of the ports, as shown
below. System Status is a tool that can be used to monitor your Prestige. Specifically, it gives you
information on your ADSL line status, number of packets sent and received.
To get to the System Status, enter number 24 to go to Menu 24 - System Maintenance. From this menu,
select number 1, System Status. There are two commands in Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance Status. Entering 1 resets the counters and ESC takes you back to the previous screen.
The table below describes the fields present in Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance - Status. It should be
noted that these fields are READ-ONLY and are meant to be used for diagnostic purposes.
Please note that displaying this screen degrades system performance.
Menu 24.1 -- System Maintenance – Status
Node-Lnk
1-1483
10
11
12
Status
Up
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
TxPkts
1462
RxPkts
1567
Errors
Ethernet:
Status: 100M/Full Duplex Tx Pkts: 1583
Collisions: 0
Rx Pkts: 1521
Tx
B/s
222
Rx B/s
211
Up Time
2:15:16
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
0:00:00
WAN:
Line Status: Up
Upstream Speed: 608 kbps
Downstream Speed: 4000 kbps
CPU Load = 4.25%
Press Command:
CMDS: 1-Reset Counters ESC-Exit
Figure 10-2 Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance – Status
The following table describes the fields present in Menu 24.1 - System Maintenance - Status.
10-2
System Maintenance
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table 10-1 System Maintenance - Status Menu Fields
Field
Description
Node-Lnk
This is the remote node index number and link type. Link types are :
PPP, ENET, 1483, PPPoE
Status
Shows the status of the remote node.
TxPkts
The number of packets transmitted to this remote node.
RxPkts
The number of packets received from this remote node.
Errors
The number of error packets on this connection.
Tx B/s
Shows the transmission rate in bytes per second.
Rx B/s
Shows the receiving rate in bytes per second.
Up Time
Time this channel has been connected to the remote node.
Ethernet
Status
Shows the current status of the LAN.
Tx Pkts
The number of transmitted packets to the LAN.
Rx Pkts
The number of received packets from the LAN.
Collision
Number of collisions.
WAN
Line Status
Upstream Speed
Downstream Speed
CPU Load
Shows the current status of the ADSL line which can be Up, Down,
Wait for Init or Initializing.
Shows the ADSL line upstream speed.
Shows the ADSL line downstream speed
Specifies the percentage of CPU utilization.
Press Command
1 - Reset Counters
ESC - Exit
Press 1 to reset all the above statistics to 0.
Press ESC to go back to Menu 24.
Menu 24.2 System Information and Console Port Speed is as follows.
Menu 24.2 - System Information and Console Port Speed
1. System Information
2. Console Port Speed
Figure 10-3 System Information and Console Port Speed
Press 1 to display the next screen, Menu 24.2.1 - System Maintenance - Information.
System Maintenance
10-3
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Menu 24.2.1 – System Maintenance - Information
Name:
Routing: IP
ZyNOS S/W Version: V2.21(C.10) | 1/16/99
ADSL Chipset Vendor: Alcatel, Version 1.5.2
ANSI Version: ANSI Issue 2
LAN
Ethernet Address:00:a0:c5:02:34:56
IP Address: 192.168.1.1
IP Mask: 255.255.255.0
DHCP: Server
Press ESC or RETURN to Exit:
Figure 10-4 System Maintenance - Information
Table 10-2 Fields in System Maintenance - Information
Field
Description
Name
Displays the system name of your Prestige. This information can be
modified in Menu 1 - General Setup.
Routing
Refers to the routing protocol used.
ZyNOS S/W
Version
Refers to the ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) software
version. ZyNOS is a registered trademark of ZyXEL
Communications Corporation.
ADSL Chipset
Vendor
Displays the vendor of the ADSL chipset and ADSL modem
software version.
ANSI Version
Refers to the ANSI Version.
Ethernet Address
Refers to the Ethernet MAC (Media Access Control) of your
Prestige.
IP Address
This is the IP address of the Prestige in dotted decimal notation.
IP Mask
This shows the subnet mask of the Prestige.
DHCP
This field shows the DHCP setting (None, Relay or Server) of the
Prestige.
10.1.1 Console Port Speed
You can change the speed of the console port through Menu 24.2.2 – Console Port Speed. Your Prestige
supports 9600 (default), 19200, 38400, 57600, and 115200 bps for the console port. Use the space bar to
select the desired speed in Menu 24.2.2, as shown in the following figure.
10-4
System Maintenance
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Menu 24.2.2 – System Maintenance – Console Port Speed
Console Port Speed: 115200
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 10-5 Menu 24.2.2 – System Maintenance – Console Port Speed
10.2 Log and Trace
There are two logging facilities in the Prestige. The first is the error logs and trace records that are stored
locally. The second is the UNIX syslog facility for message logging.
10.2.1 Viewing Error Log
The first place you should look for clues when something goes wrong is the error log. Follow the procedure
below to view the local error/trace log:
Step 1.
Enter 24 from the Main Menu to open Menu 24 - System Maintenance.
Step 2.
From Menu 24, enter 3 to open Menu 24.3 - System Maintenance - Log and Trace.
Step 3.
Enter 1 in Menu 24.3 - System Maintenance - Log and Trace to display the error log in the
system.
After the Prestige finishes displaying the error log, you will have the option to clear it.
Examples of typical error and information messages are presented in the following figure.
System Maintenance
10-5
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
45
7203
46
7204
47
7205
48
7206
49
7207
50
7208
51
7209
52
7210
53
7211
54
7212
55
7213
Clear Error Log
PINI INFO
PINI INFO
PINI INFO
PINI INFO
PINI INFO
PINI INFO
PINI INFO
PINI INFO
PINI INFO
PINI INFO
PINI INFO
(y/n):
Channel
Channel
Channel
Channel
Channel
Channel
Channel
Channel
Channel
Channel
Channel
11 ok
10 ok
9 ok
8 ok
7 ok
6 ok
5 ok
4 ok
3 ok
2 ok
1 ok
Figure 10-6 Examples of Error and Information Messages
10.2.2 Syslog And Accounting
The Prestige uses the UNIX syslog facility to log the CDR (Call Detail Record) and system messages to a
syslog server. Syslog and accounting can be configured in Menu 24.3.2 - System Maintenance - Syslog
and Accounting, as shown next.
Menu 24.3.2 -- System Maintenance - UNIX Syslog and Accounting
UNIX Syslog:
Active= No
Syslog IP Address= ?
Log Facility= Local 1
Types:
CDR= No
Packet triggered= No
Filter log= No
PPP log= No
Press ENTER to Confirm or ESC to Cancel:
Press Space Bar to Toggle.
Figure 10-7 Menu 24.3.2 - System Maintenance - Syslog and Accounting
You need to configure the UNIX syslog parameters described in the following table to activate syslog then
choose what you want to log.
10-6
System Maintenance
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Table 10-3 System Maintenance Menu Syslog Parameters
Parameter
Description
UNIX Syslog:
Active
Syslog IP Address
Log Facility
Use the space bar to turn on or off syslog.
Enter the IP Address of your syslog server.
Use the space bar to toggle between the 7 different Local options. The log facility
allows you to log the message in different files in the server. Please refer to your
UNIX manual for more detail.
Types:
CDR
Packet triggered
Call Detail Record (CDR) logs all data phone line activity if set to Yes.
The first 48 bytes or octets and protocol type of the triggering packet is sent to the
UNIX syslog server when this field is set to Yes.
Filter log
No filters are logged when this field is set to No. Filters with the individual filter Log
Filter field set to Yes are logged when this field is set to Yes.
PPP log
PPP events are logged when this field is set to Yes.
Your Prestige sends four types of syslog messages. Please see Enhanced Syslog in Appendix C for the
message format. Some examples of these syslog messages are shown next:
1.
CDR
Jul 19 11:19:27 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: board 0 line 0 channel 0, call
1, C01 Outgoing Call dev=2 ch=0 40002
Jul 19 11:19:32 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: board 0 line 0 channel 0, call
1, C02 OutCall Connected 64000 40002
Jul 19 11:20:06 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: board 0 line 0 channel 0, call
1, C02 Call Terminated
2.
Packet triggered
Jul 19 11:28:39 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: Packet Trigger: Protocol=1,
Data=4500003c100100001f010004c0a86614ca849a7b08004a5c020001006162636465666768696a6b6c6d6e6
f7071727374
Jul 19 11:28:56 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: Packet Trigger: Protocol=1,
Data=4500002c1b0140001f06b50ec0a86614ca849a7b0427001700195b3e00000000600220008cd4000002040
5b4
System Maintenance
10-7
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Jul 19 11:29:06 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: Packet Trigger: Protocol=1,
Data=45000028240140001f06ac12c0a86614ca849a7b0427001700195b451d1430135004000077600000
3.
Filter log
Jul 19 14:43:55 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: IP[Src=202.132.154.123
Dst=255.255.255.255 UDP spo=0208 dpo=0208]}S03>R01mF
Jul 19 14:44:00 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: IP[Src=192.168.102.20
Dst=202.132.154.1 UDP spo=05d4 dpo=0035]}S03>R01mF
Jul 19 14:44:04 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: IP[Src=192.168.102.20
Dst=202.132.154.1 UDP spo=05d4 dpo=0035]}S03>R01mF
4.
PPP log
Jul 19 11:42:44 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: ppp:LCP Closing
Jul 19 11:42:49 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: ppp:IPCP Closing
Jul 19 11:42:54 192.168.102.2 ZyXEL Communications Corp.: ppp:CCP Closing
10.3 Diagnostic
The diagnostic facility allows you to test the different aspects of your Prestige to determine if it is working
properly. Menu 24.4 allows you to choose among various types of diagnostic tests to evaluate your system,
as shown.
Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance - Diagnostic
WAN
1.
System
21. Reboot System
22. Command Mode
Reset ADSL
TCP/IP
12. Ping Host
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Host IP Address= N/A
Figure 10-8 Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance - Diagnostic
Follow the procedure below to get to Diagnostic
Step 1.
10-8
From the Main Menu, enter 24 to open Menu 24 - System Maintenance.
System Maintenance
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Step 2.
From this menu, enter 4 to open Menu 24.4 - System Maintenance - Diagnostic.
The following table describes the diagnostic tests available in Menu 24.4 for your Prestige and the
connections.
Table 10-4 System Maintenance Menu Diagnostic
Field
Description
Reset ADSL
This command re-initializes the ADSL link to the telephone company.
Ping Host
This diagnostic test pings the host, which determines the functionality of the
TCP/IP protocol on both systems and the links in between.
Reboot System
This option reboots the Prestige.
Command Mode
This option allows you to enter the command mode. This mode allows you to
diagnose and test your Prestige using a specified set of commands.
10.4 Backup Configuration
Option 5 in Menu 24 - System Maintenance allows you to backup the current Prestige configuration to
your workstation. Backup is highly recommended once your Prestige is functioning properly.
You must perform the backup and restore through the console port. Any serial communications program
should work fine; however, you must use XMODEM protocol to perform the download/upload.
Step 1. Go to Menu 24.5 (shown next).
Ready to backup Configuration via Xmodem.
Do you want to continue (y/n):
Figure 10-9 Backup Configuration
Step 2. Press “Y” to indicate that you want to continue. The following procedure is for the HyperTerminal
program. The procedure for other serial communications programs should be similar.
Step 3. Click “Transfer”, then “Receive File” to display the following screen.
System Maintenance
10-9
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Enter where you want to place
the rom configuration file on
your computer.
Choose the
X-Modem
Protocol.
Figure 10-10 HyperTerminal Screen
Step 4. Enter where you want to place the rom configuration file on your computer, give it a suitable
name, e.g., p641.rom (see section 2.9.1 Filename conventions) and make sure you choose the XModem Protocol. Then press “Receive”.
Step 5. After a successful backup you will see the following screen. Press any key to return to the SMT
menu.
** Backup Configuration completed. OK.
### Hit any key to continue.###
Figure 10-11 Successful Backup
Please note that terms “download” and “upload” are relative to the workstation. Download means to
transfer from another machine to the workstation, while upload means from your workstation to another
machine.
10.5 Restore Configuration
Selecting option 6 from Menu 24 - System Maintenance to restore the configuration from your
workstation to the Prestige. Again, you must use the console port and XMODEM protocol to restore the
configuration.
Step 1. Go to Menu 24.6 (shown next).
Ready to restore Configuration via Xmodem.
Do you want to continue (y/n):
Figure 10-12 Restore Configuration
10-10
System Maintenance
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Step 2. Press “Y” to indicate that you want to continue. The following procedure is for the HyperTerminal
program. The procedure for other serial communications programs should be similar.
Step 3. Click “Transfer”, then “Send File” to display the following screen.
Enter where the rom
configuration file is on your
computer.
Choose the
X-Modem
Protocol.
Figure 10-13 HyperTerminal Screen
Step 4. Enter where the rom configuration file is on your computer, and make sure you choose the XModem Protocol. Then press “Send”.
Step 5. After a successful restoration you will see the following screen. Press any key to return to reboot
the system.
Save to ROM
Hit any key to start system reboot.
Figure 10-14 Successful Backup
Keep in mind that the configuration is stored in the flash ROM in the Prestige, so even if power failure
should occur, your configuration is safe.
10.6 Firmware Update
Menu 24.7 -- System Maintenance - Upload Firmware allows you to upgrade the firmware and the
configuration file via the console port. Note that this function erases the old data before installing the new
one; please do not attempt to update unless you have the new firmware at hand. There are 2 components in
the system: the router firmware and the configuration file, as shown below.
System Maintenance
10-11
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Menu 24.7 -- System Maintenance - Upload Firmware
1. Upload Router Firmware
2. Upload Router Configuration File
Enter Menu Selection Number:
Figure 10-15 Menu 24.7 - System Maintenance - Upload Firmware
10.6.1 Upload Router Firmware
The firmware is the program that controls the functions of the Prestige. Menu 24.7.1 shows you the
instructions for uploading the firmware. If you answer yes to the prompt, the Prestige will go into debug
mode. Follow the procedure below to upload the firmware:
1.
Enter “atur” after the “Enter Debug Mode” message.
2.
Wait for the “Starting XMODEM upload” message before activating Xmodem upload on
your terminal.
3.
After successful firmware upload, enter “atgo” to restart the Prestige.
Menu 24.7.1 -- System Maintenance - Upload Router Firmware
To
1.
2.
3.
upload router firmware:
Enter "y" at the prompt below to go into debug mode.
Enter "atur" after "Enter Debug Mode" message.
Wait for "Starting XMODEM upload" message before activating
Xmodem upload on your terminal.
4. After successful firmware upload, enter "atgo" to restart the
router.
Warning: Proceeding with the upload will erase the current router
firmware.
Do You Wish To Proceed:(Y/N)
Figure 10-16 Menu 24.7.1 - Uploading Router Firmware
10.6.2 Uploading Router Configuration File
The configuration data, system-related data, the error log and the trace log are all stored in the configuration
file. Please be aware that uploading the configuration file replaces everything contained within.
10-12
System Maintenance
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Menu 24.7.2 shows you the instructions for uploading the configuration file. If you answer yes to the
prompt, the Prestige will go into debug mode. Follow the procedure below to upload the configuration file:
1.
Enter “atur3” after the “Enter Debug Mode” message.
2.
Wait for the “Starting XMODEM upload” message before activating Xmodem upload on
your terminal.
3.
After successful firmware upload, enter “atgo” to restart the Prestige.
If you replace the current configuration file with the default configuration file, i.e., P641.rom, you will lose
all configurations that you had before and the speed of the console port will be reset to the default of 9600
bps with 8 data bit, no parity and 1 stop bit (8n1) . You will need to change your serial communications
software to the default before you can connect to the Prestige again. The password will be reset to the
default of 1234, also.
Menu 24.7.2 - System Maintenance - Upload Router Configuration File
To
1.
2.
3.
upload router configuration file:
Enter "y" at the prompt below to go into debug mode.
Enter "atur3" after "Enter Debug Mode" message.
Wait for "Starting XMODEM upload" message before activating
Xmodem upload on your terminal.
4. After successful firmware upload, enter "atgo" to restart the
router.
Warning:
1. Proceeding with the upload will erase the current router
configuration file.
2. The router's console port speed (Menu 24.2.2) may change when
it is restarted; Please adjust your terminal's speed accordingly. The
password (menu 23) may change also.
3. When uploading the DEFAULT configuration file, the console port speed
will be reset to 9600 bps and the password to "1234".
Do You Which To Proceed:(Y/N)
Figure 10-17 Menu 24.7.2 - System Maintenance - Upload Router Configuration File
10.7 Command Interpreter Mode
This option allows you to enter the command interpreter mode. A list of valid commands can be found by
typing [help] at the command prompt. For more detailed information, check the ZyXEL Web site or send email to the ZyXEL Support Group.
System Maintenance
10-13
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Enter Menu Selection Number: 8
Copyright (c) 1994 - 1999 ZyXEL Communications Corp.
ras> ?
Valid commands are:
sys
exit
device
ether
wan
ip
ppp
bridge
ipx
hdap
Figure 10-18 Command mode
10.8 Boot module commands
Prestige boot module commands with accompanying explanations are shown in the following table. For
ATBAx, x denotes the number preceding the colon to give the console port speed following the colon in the
list of numbers that follows; e.g. ATBA3 will give a console port speed of 9.6 Kbps. ATSE displays the
seed that is used to generate a password to turn on the debug flag in the firmware. The ATSH command
shows product related information such as boot module version, vendor name, product model, RAS code
revision, etc.
======= Debug
AT
ATHE
ATBAx
ATENx,(y)
ATENx,(y)
ATSE
ATTI(h,m,s)
ATDA(w,y,m,d)
ATDS
ATDT
ATDUx,y
ATRBx
ATRWx
ATRLx
ATGO(x)
ATGR
ATGT
ATRTw,x,y(,z)
ATSH
ATDOx,y
ATUR
ATUR3
Command Listing =======
just answer OK
print help
change baudrate. 1:38.4k, 2:19.2k, 3:9.6k 4:57.6k 5:115.2k
set BootExtension Debug Flag (y=password)
set BootExtension Debug Flag (y=password)
show the seed of password generator
change system time to hour:min:sec or show current time
change system date to week year/month/day or show current date
dump RAS stack
dump Boot Module Common Area
dump memory contents from address x for length y
display the 8-bit value of address x
display the 16-bit value of address x
display the 32-bit value of address x
run program at addr x or boot ZyNOS
boot ZyNOS
run Hardware Test Program
RAM test level w, from address x to y (z iterations)
dump manufacturer related data in ROM
download from address x for length y to PC via XMODEM
upload RAS code to flash ROM
upload RAS configuration file
Figure 10-19 Boot module commands
10-14
System Maintenance
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Chapter 11
Troubleshooting
This chapter covers the potential problems you may
run into and the possible remedies. After each
problem description, some instructions are provided
to help you to diagnose and to solve the problem.
11.1 Problems Starting Up the Prestige
Table 11-1 Troubleshooting the Start-Up of your Prestige
Problem
Corrective Action
None of the LEDs are on when
you power on the Prestige
Check the connection between the AC adapter and the Prestige.
Cannot access the Prestige via
the console port.
1.Check to see if the Prestige is connected to your computer’s serial
port.
If the error persists, you may have a hardware problem. In this case
you should contact technical support.
2. Check to see if the
communications program is
configured correctly. The
communications software should
be configured as follows:
Troubleshooting
VT100 terminal emulation
9600 bps
No parity, 8 Data bits, 1 Stop bit.
11-1
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
11.2 Problems With the WAN Interface
Table 11-2 Troubleshooting the ADSL connection
Problem
Corrective Action
Initialization of the PVC
connection failed.
Ensure that the cable is connected properly from the ADSL port to the wall
jack. The ADSL LED on the front panel of the Prestige should be on. Check
that your VPI, VCI, type of encapsulation and type of multiplexing settings are
the sama as what you collected from your telephone company and ISP. Reboot
the Prestige. If you still have problems, you may need to verify these variables
with the telephone company and/or ISP.
11.3 Problems with the LAN Interface
Table 11-3 Troubleshooting the LAN Interface
Problem
Corrective Action
Can’t ping any station on the LAN
Check the Ethernet LEDs on the front panel. The LED should be
on for a port that has a station connected. If it is off, check the
cables between your Prestige and the station.
Verify that the IP address and the subnet mask are consistent
between the Prestige and the workstations.
11.4 Problems Connecting to a Remote Node or ISP
Table 11-4 Troubleshooting a Connection to a Remote Node or ISP
Problem
Corrective Action
Can’t connect to a remote node or
ISP
Check Menu 24.1 to verify the line status. If it indicates [down], then
refer to the section on the line problems.
In Menu 11.1, verify your login name and password for the remote
node.
11-2
Troubleshooting
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Acronyms and Abbreviations
ADSL
Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line
CDR
Call Detail Record
CHAP
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
CSU/DSU
Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit
DCE
Data Communications Equipment
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DNS
Domain Name System
DSLAM
Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
DTE
Data Terminal Equipment
IANA
Internet Assigned Number Authority
IP
Internet protocol
IPCP (PPP)
IP Control Protocol
IPX
Internetwork Packet eXchange
ISDN
Integrated Service Digital Network
ISP
Internet Service Provider
LAN
Local Area Network
MAC
Media Access Control
NAT
Network Address Translation
PAP
Password Authentication Protocol
POTS
Plain Old Telephone Service
PPP
Point to Point Protocol
PSTN
Public Switched Telephone Network
RFC
Request For Comment
RIP
Routing Information Protocol
SAP
(IPX) Service Advertising Protocol
SNMP
System Network Management Protocol
Acronyms & Abbreviations
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
STP
Shielded Twisted Pair (cable)
SUA
Single User Account
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
UDP
User Datagram Protocol
VCI
Virtual Channel Identifier
VPI
Virtual Path Identifier
WAN
Wide Area Network
Acronyms & Abbreviations
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Appendix A
PPP over Ethernet
PPPoE (PPP over Ethernet, RFC 2516) uses Ethernet as a point-to-point link to transport PPP frames.
PPPoE offers the following benefits:
1.
It provides you with a familiar dial-up networking (DUN) user interface.
2.
It lessens the burden on the carriers of provisioning virtual circuits all the way to the ISP on multiple
switches for thousands of users. For GSTN (PSTN & ISDN), the switching fabric is already in place.
3.
It allows the ISP to use the existing dial-up model to authenticate and (optionally) to provide
differentiated services.
Traditional Dial-up Scenario
The following diagram depicts a typical hardware configuration where the PCs use traditional dial-up
networking.
ADSL Modem
ATM
Access
ADSL Modem
Concentrator
ADSL Modem
ISP 1
ISP 2
ADSL Modem
Diagram 1 Single-PC per Modem Hardware Configuration
The PPPoE driver makes the Ethernet appear as a serial link to the PC and the PC runs PPP over it, while
the modem bridges the Ethernet frames to the Access Concentrator (AC). Between the AC and an ISP, the
AC is acting as a L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol) LAC (L2TP Access Concentrator) and tunnels the
PPP frames to the ISP. The L2TP tunnel is capable of carrying multiple PPP sessions.
With PPPoE, the VC (Virtual Circuit) is equivalent to the dial-up connection and is between the modem and
the AC, as opposed to all the way to the ISP. However, the PPP negotiation is between the PC and the ISP.
Appendix A
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Prestige as a PPPoE Client
PPPoE is transparent to a broadband modem; the modem simply bridges the Ethernet frames from one port
to another. However, when an ADSL Prestige is deployed in such a setup, it must appear as a single host to
the AC.
Prestige
641
ATM
AD
Access
ADSL
Concentrator
Ethernet
ISP 1
Diagram 2 Prestige as a PPPoE Client
Appendix A
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Appendix B
VPI & VCI
ATM is a connection-oriented technology, meaning that it sets up virtual circuits over which end systems
communicate. The terminology for virtual circuits is as follows:
VC (virtual channel)
Logical connections between end stations
VP (virtual path)
A bundle of VCs
Think of a VP as a cable that contains a bundle of wires. The cable connects two points, and wires within
the cable provide individual circuits between the two points. In an ATM cell header, a VPI (Virtual Path
Identifier) identifies a link formed by a virtual path and a VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) identifies a
channel within a virtual path. The VPI and VCI are identified and correspond to termination points at ATM
switches as shown. Your telephone company should supply you with these numbers.
Diagram 3 VPI's & VCI's.
Appendix B
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Appendix C
Enhanced Syslog
CDR
SdcmdSyslogSend( SYSLOG_CDR, SYSLOG_INFO, String );
String = board xx line xx channel xx, call xx, str
board = the hardware board ID
line = the WAN ID in a board
Channel = channel ID within the WAN
call = the call reference number which starts from 1 and increments by 1 for each new call
str = C01 Outgoing Call dev xx ch xx (dev:device No. ch:channel No.)
L02
Tunnel Connected(L2TP)
C02 OutCall Connected xxxx (means connected speed) xxxxx (means Remote Call Number)
L02 Call Terminated
C02 Call Terminated
Packet triggered
sdcmdSyslogSend( SYSLOG_PKTTRI, SYSLOG_NOTICE, String );
String = Packet trigger: Protocol=xx Data=xxxxxxxxxx…..x
Protocol: (1:IP 2:IPX 3:IPXHC 4:BPDU 5:ATALK 6:IPNG)
Data: We will send forty-eight Hex characters to the server
Filter log
SdcmdSyslogSend(SYSLOG_FILLOG, SYSLOG_NOTICE, String );
String = IP[Src=xx.xx.xx.xx Dst=xx.xx.xx.xx prot spo=xxxx dpo=xxxx] S04>R01mD
IP[…] is the packet header and S04>R01mD means filter set 4 (S) and rule 1 (R), match (m) drop (D).
Src: Source Address
Dst: Destination Address
prot: Protocol (“TCP”,”UDP”,”ICMP”)
spo: Source port
dpo: Destination port
PPP Log
sdcmdSyslogSend( SYSLOG_PPPLOG, SYSLOG_NOTICE, String );
String = ppp:Proto Starting / ppp:Proto Opening / ppp:Proto Closing / ppp:Proto Shutdown
Proto = LCP / ATCP / BACP / BCP / CBCP / CCP / CHAP/ PAP / IPCP /
IPXCP
Appendix C
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Index
DSLAM. See Digital Subscriber Line Access
Multiplexer
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, 3-2
Authentication, 4-4, 4-5
Bridge. See Bridging
Bridging, 2-10, 2-11, 4-4, 7-1, 7-3
Ethernet Setup, 7-1
Handle IPX, 7-2
Remote Node, 7-2
Static Route, 7-4
Encapsulation, 1-2, 3-7, 3-9, 3-10, 4-3, 4-5
ENET ENCAP, 3-7
PPP, 3-7
PPP over Ethernet, 3-7
RFC 1483, 3-7
Ethernet, 2-10
CDR, 10-7
CHAP, 4-4
Connecting the Prestige, 2-2
Connections
Additional Requirements, 2-2
ADSL Line, 2-2
Console Port, 2-2
LAN Port, 2-2
Power Adapter, 2-2
Rear Panel, 2-1
Copyright, ii
Customer Support, v
Diagnostic Tools, 10-1, 10-8
Backup, 10-9
Boot Module Commands, 10-14
Command Interpreter Mode, 10-13
Firmware Update, 10-11
Upload Router Configuration, 10-12
Upload Router Firmware, 10-12
Reset ADSL, 10-9
Restore, 10-10
Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer, 1-3
DNS, 3-4
Domain Name System, 3-2
Index
FCC Rules, iii
Filename Conventions, 2-8
Filter, 2-11
About, 8-1
Applying, 8-13
Ethernet, 8-13
Remote Node, 8-13
Configuring a Filter Set, 8-1
Filter log, 10-7
Generic Rule, 8-9
IPX
Packet Types, 8-12
IPX Rule, 8-11
Remote Node, 4-6
Rules, 8-3
Structure, 8-1
SUA, 8-6
TCP/IP, 8-6
Frame Relay, 1-3
Frame Types, 6-1, 6-4
Gateway, 5-7, 6-9, 7-5
General Setup, 2-9
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Hop Count, 6-7, 6-9
Housing, 2-3
IANA, 3-1
Initialization, 2-4
Internet Access, 1, ii, xvi, 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 2-7, 2-11, 3-1,
3-8, 3-9, 3-10, 3-13, 5-4
IP Address, 3-2, 3-5, 4-4, 5-4, 5-7, 7-5
IP Address Assignment, 3-7
ENET ENCAP, 3-8
PPP or PPPoE, 3-7
RFC 1483, 3-8
IP network number, 3-1
IP Pool, 3-2
IP static route, 5-5
IPX, 6-1
Ethernet Setup, 6-4
LAN-to-LAN, 6-5
Network Number, 6-2
Node Number, 6-1
Novell, 6-5
Prestige, 6-2
Remote Node Setup, 6-6
Static Route, 6-8
IPX
Network Number, 6-1
LAN, 10-3
LAN-to-LAN, 5-1
LED Indicators, 2-1
Log and Trace, 10-5
View Error Log, 10-5
Log Facility, 10-7
NetWare Clients, 6-3
NIC, 2-2
Novell, 6-1
Packet triggered, 10-7
PAP, 4-4
Password, 2-5, 2-8
Ping, 10-9
Point-to-Point, xviii, E
PPP, 4-4, 4-5
PPP log, 10-7
Private, 5-4, 5-7
Protocols, 2-10
RAS code, 10-12
Remote DHCP Server, 3-4
Remote Node, 4-1, 10-3
Profile, 4-1
Setup, 4-1
Resetting the Prestige, 2-8
RIP, 3-5, 5-5
Route, 4-4
Routing Information Protocol, 3-2
MAC, 7-1
Main Menu, 2-7
Media Access Control. See MAC
Metric, 5-4, 5-7
Multiplexing
LLC-based, 3-6
VC-based, 3-6
Multiplexing, 1-2, 3-6, 3-9, 3-10, 4-3, 5-2
LLC-based, 5-2
VC-based, 5-2
Multiprotocol Encapsulation, 3-7
Security, 1-2
Seed Router, 6-3, 6-4
Single User Account, 3-10. See SUA
SNMP
About, 9-1
Configuring, 9-1
Index
Prestige 641 ADSL Internet Access Router
Community, 9-1
Trap, 9-2
Trusted Host, 9-2
Socket, 6-9
Static Route Setup, 5-5
STP, 2-2
SUA, 1-3, 3-11, 5-4
Advantages, 3-12
Configuration, 3-13
Multiple Servers, 3-14
Submenus, 2-6
Subnet Mask, 3-2, 3-5, 5-4, 5-7
Syslog IP Address, 10-7
System
Syslog And Accounting, 10-6
System Management Terminal, 2-6
System Status, 10-2
Telephone Microfilters, 2-3
Terminal Speed, 10-4
Tick Count, 6-7, 6-9
Transmission Rates, xvi, 1-1
Troubleshooting, 11-1
ADSL, 11-2
LAN, 11-2
Remote Node, 11-2
UNIX Syslog, 10-6, 10-7
VPI & VCI, 3-6, G
TCP/IP, 5-1, 10-9
TCP/IP Parameters, 3-1
Index
WAN Address, 5-4

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