ZyXEL Communications VMG4381B10A Wireless N VDSL2 4-port Bonding Combo WAN Gigabit Gateway with MoCA User Manual Part 1

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VMG4381-B10A
Wireless N VDSL2 4-port Bonding Combo WAN Gigabit Gateway
with MoCA
Version 1.0
Edition 2, 05/2014
Quick Start Guide
User’s Guide
Default Login Details
LAN IP Address
http://192.168.1.1
User Name
www.zyxel.com
Password
admin
1234
Copyright © 2014 ZyXEL Communications Corporation
IMPORTANT!
READ CAREFULLY BEFORE USE.
KEEP THIS GUIDE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
Note: This guide is a reference for a series of products. Therefore some features or
options in this guide may not be available in your product.
Graphics in this book may differ slightly from the product due to differences in operating systems,
operating system versions, or if you installed updated firmware/software for your device. Every
effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate.
Related Documentation
• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains
information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.
• Support Disc
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
• ZyXEL Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com for additional support documentation and product certifications.
VMG4381-B10A User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Contents Overview
User’s Guide .......................................................................................................................................15
Introducing the Device ............................................................................................................................17
The Web Configurator .............................................................................................................................25
Quick Start ...............................................................................................................................................33
Tutorials ..................................................................................................................................................35
Technical Reference ..........................................................................................................................69
Network Map and Status Screens ...........................................................................................................71
Broadband ...............................................................................................................................................75
Wireless ................................................................................................................................................101
Home Networking ..................................................................................................................................133
Routing ..................................................................................................................................................157
Quality of Service (QoS) .......................................................................................................................163
Network Address Translation (NAT) ......................................................................................................181
Dynamic DNS Setup .............................................................................................................................197
Interface Group .....................................................................................................................................201
USB Service ..........................................................................................................................................207
Firewall ..................................................................................................................................................213
MAC Filter .............................................................................................................................................223
Parental Control ....................................................................................................................................227
Scheduler Rules ....................................................................................................................................231
Certificates ............................................................................................................................................233
Log .......................................................................................................................................................241
Traffic Status ........................................................................................................................................245
ARP Table .............................................................................................................................................249
Routing Table ........................................................................................................................................251
IGMP Status .........................................................................................................................................253
xDSL Statistics ......................................................................................................................................255
User Account .........................................................................................................................................259
Remote Management ............................................................................................................................261
TR-069 Client ........................................................................................................................................263
TR-064 ..................................................................................................................................................265
Time Settings ........................................................................................................................................267
E-mail Notification .................................................................................................................................271
Logs Setting .........................................................................................................................................273
Firmware Upgrade ................................................................................................................................277
Configuration .........................................................................................................................................279
Diagnostic .............................................................................................................................................282
VMG4381-B10A User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................................287
VMG4381-B10A User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Contents Overview ..............................................................................................................................3
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................5
Part I: User’s Guide ......................................................................................... 15
Chapter 1
Introducing the Device .......................................................................................................................17
1.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................17
1.2 Ways to Manage the Device .............................................................................................................17
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the Device ..............................................................................................17
1.4 Applications for the Device ...............................................................................................................18
1.4.1 Internet Access ........................................................................................................................18
1.4.2 HomePNA ................................................................................................................................19
1.4.3 Device’s USB Support .............................................................................................................20
1.5 LEDs (Lights) ....................................................................................................................................21
1.6 The RESET Button ............................................................................................................................22
1.7 Wireless Access ................................................................................................................................23
1.7.1 Using the WLAN/WPS Button .................................................................................................23
Chapter 2
The Web Configurator ........................................................................................................................25
2.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................25
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................25
2.2 Web Configurator Layout ..................................................................................................................28
2.2.1 Title Bar ...................................................................................................................................28
2.2.2 Main Window ...........................................................................................................................29
2.2.3 Navigation Panel .....................................................................................................................29
Chapter 3
Quick Start...........................................................................................................................................33
3.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................33
3.2 Quick Start Setup ..............................................................................................................................33
Chapter 4
Tutorials ...............................................................................................................................................35
4.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................35
4.2 Setting Up an ADSL PPPoE Connection ..........................................................................................35
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Table of Contents
4.3 Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network .............................................................................................38
4.3.1 Configuring the Wireless Network Settings .............................................................................38
4.3.2 Using WPS ..............................................................................................................................40
4.3.3 Without WPS ...........................................................................................................................43
4.4 Setting Up Multiple Wireless Groups ................................................................................................44
4.5 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network .................................................................47
4.6 Configuring QoS Queue and Class Setup ........................................................................................50
4.7 Access the Device Using DDNS .......................................................................................................53
4.7.1 Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org ..................................................................53
4.7.2 Configuring DDNS on Your Device ..........................................................................................54
4.7.3 Testing the DDNS Setting ........................................................................................................54
4.8 Configuring the MAC Address Filter ..................................................................................................54
4.9 Access Your Shared Files From a Computer ....................................................................................56
4.10 Using the Media Server Feature ....................................................................................................57
4.10.1 Configuring the Device ..........................................................................................................57
4.10.2 Using Windows Media Player ................................................................................................57
4.10.3 Using a Digital Media Adapter ...............................................................................................60
4.11 Using the Print Server Feature ........................................................................................................62
Part II: Technical Reference............................................................................ 69
Chapter 5
Network Map and Status Screens .....................................................................................................71
5.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................71
5.2 The Network Map Screen .................................................................................................................71
5.3 The Status Screen .............................................................................................................................72
Chapter 6
Broadband...........................................................................................................................................75
6.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................................................75
6.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ............................................................................................75
6.1.2 What You Need to Know ..........................................................................................................76
6.1.3 Before You Begin .....................................................................................................................79
6.2 The Broadband Screen .....................................................................................................................79
6.2.1 Add/Edit Internet Connection ...................................................................................................81
6.3 The 3G Backup Screen .....................................................................................................................89
6.4 The Advanced Screen .......................................................................................................................93
6.4.1 DSL Bonding ...........................................................................................................................93
6.5 The 8021x Screen .............................................................................................................................95
6.5.1 Edit 802.1x Settings .................................................................................................................96
6.6 Technical Reference ..........................................................................................................................96
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Table of Contents
Chapter 7
Wireless .............................................................................................................................................101
7.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................................101
7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................................101
7.1.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................................102
7.2 The General Screen .......................................................................................................................102
7.2.1 No Security ............................................................................................................................105
7.2.2 Basic (WEP Encryption) ........................................................................................................105
7.2.3 More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK) ..................................................................................................107
7.2.4 WPA(2) Authentication ...........................................................................................................108
7.3 The More AP Screen .......................................................................................................................109
7.3.1 Edit More AP ........................................................................................................................ 110
7.4 MAC Authentication ........................................................................................................................ 111
7.5 The WPS Screen ............................................................................................................................ 112
7.6 The WMM Screen ........................................................................................................................... 114
7.7 The WDS Screen ............................................................................................................................ 114
7.7.1 WDS Scan ............................................................................................................................. 115
7.8 The Others Screen .......................................................................................................................... 116
7.9 The Channel Status Screen ............................................................................................................ 118
7.10 Technical Reference ...................................................................................................................... 118
7.10.1 Wireless Network Overview ................................................................................................. 118
7.10.2 Additional Wireless Terms ...................................................................................................120
7.10.3 Wireless Security Overview .................................................................................................120
7.10.4 Signal Problems ..................................................................................................................122
7.10.5 BSS .....................................................................................................................................123
7.10.6 MBSSID ...............................................................................................................................123
7.10.7 Preamble Type ....................................................................................................................124
7.10.8 Wireless Distribution System (WDS) ...................................................................................124
7.10.9 WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) ...............................................................................................124
Chapter 8
Home Networking .............................................................................................................................133
8.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................................133
8.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................................133
8.1.2 What You Need To Know .......................................................................................................134
8.1.3 Before You Begin ...................................................................................................................135
8.2 The LAN Setup Screen ...................................................................................................................135
8.3 The Static DHCP Screen .................................................................................................................138
8.4 The UPnP Screen ...........................................................................................................................140
8.5 Installing UPnP in Windows Example .............................................................................................141
8.6 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ............................................................................................143
8.7 The Additional Subnet Screen ........................................................................................................149
8.8 The STB Vendor ID Screen .............................................................................................................150
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Table of Contents
8.9 The 5th Ethernet Port Screen .........................................................................................................150
8.10 The MoCA Screen .........................................................................................................................151
8.11 The LAN VLAN Screen .................................................................................................................152
8.12 TFTP Server Name Screen ...........................................................................................................152
8.13 Technical Reference ......................................................................................................................153
8.13.1 LANs, WANs and the Device ...............................................................................................153
8.13.2 DHCP Setup ........................................................................................................................153
8.13.3 DNS Server Addresses .......................................................................................................154
8.13.4 LAN TCP/IP .........................................................................................................................154
Chapter 9
Routing ..............................................................................................................................................157
9.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................157
9.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..........................................................................................157
9.2 The Routing Screen ........................................................................................................................158
9.2.1 Add/Edit Static Route .............................................................................................................158
9.3 The Policy Forwarding Screen ........................................................................................................159
9.3.1 Add/Edit Policy Forwarding ...................................................................................................160
9.4 The RIP Screen ...............................................................................................................................161
Chapter 10
Quality of Service (QoS)...................................................................................................................163
10.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................163
10.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................163
10.2 What You Need to Know ...............................................................................................................164
10.3 The Quality of Service General Screen ........................................................................................165
10.4 The Queue Setup Screen .............................................................................................................166
10.4.1 Adding a QoS Queue .........................................................................................................168
10.5 The Class Setup Screen ...............................................................................................................168
10.5.1 Add/Edit QoS Class ............................................................................................................169
10.6 The QoS Policer Setup Screen .....................................................................................................173
10.6.1 Add/Edit a QoS Policer .......................................................................................................174
10.7 The QoS Monitor Screen .............................................................................................................175
10.8 Technical Reference ......................................................................................................................176
Chapter 11
Network Address Translation (NAT)................................................................................................181
11.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................181
11.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................181
11.1.2 What You Need To Know .....................................................................................................181
11.2 The Port Forwarding Screen ........................................................................................................182
11.2.1 Add/Edit Port Forwarding ....................................................................................................184
11.3 The Applications Screen ...............................................................................................................185
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Table of Contents
11.3.1 Add New Application ............................................................................................................185
11.4 The Port Triggering Screen ...........................................................................................................186
11.4.1 Add/Edit Port Triggering Rule .............................................................................................188
11.5 The DMZ Screen ...........................................................................................................................189
11.6 The ALG Screen ............................................................................................................................190
11.7 The Address Mapping Screen .......................................................................................................190
11.7.1 Add/Edit Address Mapping Rule ..........................................................................................191
11.8 Technical Reference ......................................................................................................................192
11.8.1 NAT Definitions ....................................................................................................................192
11.8.2 What NAT Does ...................................................................................................................193
11.8.3 How NAT Works ...................................................................................................................194
11.8.4 NAT Application ...................................................................................................................194
Chapter 12
Dynamic DNS Setup .........................................................................................................................197
12.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................197
12.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................197
12.1.2 What You Need To Know .....................................................................................................198
12.2 The DNS Entry Screen ..................................................................................................................198
12.2.1 Add/Edit DNS Entry .............................................................................................................198
12.3 The Dynamic DNS Screen ............................................................................................................199
Chapter 13
Interface Group .................................................................................................................................201
13.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................201
13.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................201
13.2 The Interface Group Screen ..........................................................................................................201
13.2.1 Interface Group Configuration .............................................................................................202
13.2.2 Interface Grouping Criteria .................................................................................................204
Chapter 14
USB Service ......................................................................................................................................207
14.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................207
14.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................207
14.1.2 What You Need To Know .....................................................................................................207
14.2 The File Sharing Screen ...............................................................................................................208
14.2.1 Before You Begin .................................................................................................................209
14.3 The Media Server Screen .............................................................................................................210
14.4 The Printer Server Screen ............................................................................................................ 211
14.4.1 Before You Begin ................................................................................................................. 211
Chapter 15
Firewall ..............................................................................................................................................213
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Table of Contents
15.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................213
15.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................213
15.1.2 What You Need to Know ......................................................................................................214
15.2 The Firewall Screen ......................................................................................................................215
15.3 The Service Screen ......................................................................................................................215
15.3.1 Add/Edit a Service ..............................................................................................................216
15.4 The Access Control Screen ..........................................................................................................217
15.4.1 Add/Edit an ACL Rule ........................................................................................................218
15.5 The DoS Screen ............................................................................................................................220
Chapter 16
MAC Filter..........................................................................................................................................223
16.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................223
16.2 The MAC Filter Screen ..................................................................................................................224
Chapter 17
Parental Control ................................................................................................................................227
17.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................227
17.2 The Parental Control Screen .........................................................................................................227
17.2.1 Add/Edit a Parental Control Rule .........................................................................................228
Chapter 18
Scheduler Rules................................................................................................................................231
18.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................231
18.2 The Scheduler Rules Screen ........................................................................................................231
18.2.1 Add/Edit a Schedule ............................................................................................................231
Chapter 19
Certificates ........................................................................................................................................233
19.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................233
19.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................233
19.2 What You Need to Know ...............................................................................................................233
19.3 The Local Certificates Screen .......................................................................................................233
19.3.1 Create Certificate Request .................................................................................................234
19.3.2 Load Signed Certificate ......................................................................................................236
19.4 The Trusted CA Screen ................................................................................................................237
19.4.1 View Trusted CA Certificate .................................................................................................237
19.4.2 Import Trusted CA Certificate ..............................................................................................238
Chapter 20
Log ....................................................................................................................................................241
20.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................241
20.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................241
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Table of Contents
20.1.2 What You Need To Know .....................................................................................................241
20.2 The System Log Screen ................................................................................................................242
20.3 The Security Log Screen ...............................................................................................................243
Chapter 21
Traffic Status ....................................................................................................................................245
21.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................245
21.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................245
21.2 The WAN Status Screen ...............................................................................................................245
21.3 The LAN Status Screen .................................................................................................................246
Chapter 22
ARP Table ..........................................................................................................................................249
22.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................249
22.1.1 How ARP Works ..................................................................................................................249
22.2 ARP Table Screen .........................................................................................................................249
Chapter 23
Routing Table ....................................................................................................................................251
23.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................251
23.2 The Routing Table Screen .............................................................................................................251
Chapter 24
IGMP Status ......................................................................................................................................253
24.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................253
24.2 The IGMP Group Status Screen ...................................................................................................253
Chapter 25
xDSL Statistics..................................................................................................................................255
25.1 The xDSL Statistics Screen ...........................................................................................................255
Chapter 26
User Account ....................................................................................................................................259
26.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................259
26.2 The User Account Screen .............................................................................................................259
Chapter 27
Remote Management........................................................................................................................261
27.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................261
27.2 The Remote MGMT Screen ..........................................................................................................261
Chapter 28
TR-069 Client.....................................................................................................................................263
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Table of Contents
28.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................263
28.2 The TR-069 Client Screen ............................................................................................................263
Chapter 29
TR-064................................................................................................................................................265
29.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................265
29.2 The TR-064 Screen .......................................................................................................................265
Chapter 30
Time Settings ....................................................................................................................................267
30.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................267
30.2 The Time Screen ..........................................................................................................................267
Chapter 31
E-mail Notification ............................................................................................................................271
31.1 Overview
....................................................................................................................................271
31.2 The Email Notification Screen .......................................................................................................271
31.2.1 Email Notification Edit ........................................................................................................271
Chapter 32
Logs Setting .....................................................................................................................................273
32.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................273
32.2 The Log Settings Screen ...............................................................................................................273
32.2.1 Example E-mail Log ............................................................................................................274
Chapter 33
Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................................................277
33.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................277
33.2 The Firmware Screen ....................................................................................................................277
Chapter 34
Configuration ....................................................................................................................................279
34.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................279
34.2 The Configuration Screen .............................................................................................................279
34.3 The Reboot Screen .......................................................................................................................281
Chapter 35
Diagnostic .........................................................................................................................................282
35.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................282
35.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ........................................................................................282
35.2 What You Need to Know ...............................................................................................................282
35.3 Ping & TraceRoute & NsLookup ...................................................................................................283
35.4 802.1ag .........................................................................................................................................283
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Table of Contents
35.5 OAM Ping Test ..............................................................................................................................285
Chapter 36
Troubleshooting................................................................................................................................287
36.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ....................................................................................287
36.2 Device Access and Login ..............................................................................................................288
36.3 Internet Access .............................................................................................................................290
36.4 Wireless Internet Access ...............................................................................................................291
36.5 USB Device Connection ................................................................................................................292
36.6 UPnP .............................................................................................................................................292
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address .......................................................................295
Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting.......................................................................................315
Appendix C Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions .................................................323
Appendix D Wireless LANs..............................................................................................................331
Appendix E IPv6 ..............................................................................................................................345
Appendix F Services........................................................................................................................353
Appendix G Legal Information .........................................................................................................357
Index ..................................................................................................................................................361
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VMG4381-B10A User’s Guide
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P ART I
User’s Guide
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16
C HAPT ER
Introducing the Device
1.1 Overview
The Device is a wireless VDSL router and Gigabit Ethernet gateway. It has two DSL ports and
Gigabit Ethernet for super-fast Internet access over analog (POTS) telephone lines. If the DSLAM of
the ISP supports bonding function, the two DSL ports on the Device can be connected to two
separate telephone jacks to provide increased throughput at longer distances. The Device supports
both Packet Transfer Mode (PTM) and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). It is backward
compatible with ADSL, ADSL2 and ADSL2+ in case VDSL is not available. The Device also provides
IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless networking to extend the range of your existing wired network without
additional wiring. The VMG43810-B10A models also include Home Phoneline
• VMG43810-B10A has Home Phoneline Networking Alliance (HPNA) and Multimedia over Coax
Alliance (moCA) capabilitiesy.
Only use firmware for your Device’s specific model. Refer to the label on
the bottom of your Device.
The Device has a USB port used to share files via a USB memory stick or a USB hard drive.
1.2 Ways to Manage the Device
Use any of the following methods to manage the Device.
• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the Device using a
(supported) web browser.
• TR-069. This is an auto-configuration server used to remotely configure your device.
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the Device
Do the following things regularly to make the Device more secure and to manage the Device more
effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different
types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
VMG4381-B10A User’s Guide
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Device
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier
working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you
forget your password, you will have to reset the Device to its factory default settings. If you
backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the Device. You
could simply restore your last configuration.
1.4 Applications for the Device
Here are some example uses for which the Device is well suited.
1.4.1 Internet Access
Your Device provides shared Internet access by connecting the DSL port to the DSL or MODEM
jack on a splitter or your telephone jack. You can have multiple WAN services over one ADSL or
VDSL. The Device cannot work in ADSL and VDSL mode at the same time.
Note: The ADSL and VDSL lines share the same WAN (layer-2) interfaces that you
configure in the Device. Refer to Section 6.2 on page 79 for the Network Setting
> Broadband screen.
Computers can connect to the Device’s LAN ports (or wirelessly).
Figure 1 Device’s Internet Access Application
WLAN
WAN
Bridging
IPoE
PPPoE
ADSL / VDSL
LAN
WLAN
WAN
Bridging
PPPoE
IPoE
PPPoA
IPoA
LAN
ADSL
You can also configure IP filtering on the Device for secure Internet access. When the IP filter is on,
all incoming traffic from the Internet to your network is blocked by default unless it is initiated from
VMG4381-B10A User’s Guide
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Device
your network. This means that probes from the outside to your network are not allowed, but you
can safely browse the Internet and download files.
1.4.2 HomePNA
Models with HPNA comply with HomePNA (Home Phoneline Networking Alliance, also known as
HPNA) 3.1, a home networking technology for carrying data over existing coaxial cables and
telephone wiring.
The figure below shows your Device (A) connecting to a phone line outlet for DSL Internet access
and a coaxial outlet to relay Internet connectivity to other coaxial outlets in the building. The laptop
(B) connects wirelessly to the Device. The set-up box (C) connects into a coaxial outlet in another
part of the house for access to online videos.
Figure 2 HomePNA Application
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Device
1.4.3 Device’s USB Support
The USB port of the Device is used for file-sharing.
File Sharing
Use the built-in USB 2.0 port to share files on a USB memory stick or a USB hard drive (B). You can
connect one USB hard drive to the Device at a time. Use FTP to access the files on the USB device.
Figure 3 USB File Sharing Application
Media Server
You can also use the Device as a media server. This lets anyone on your network play video, music,
and photos from a USB device (B) connected to the Device’s USB port (without having to copy them
to another computer).
Figure 4 USB Media Server Application
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Device
1.5 LEDs (Lights)
The following graphic displays the labels of the LEDs.
Figure 5 LEDs on the Device
None of the LEDs are on if the Device is not receiving power.
Table 1 LED Descriptions
LED
COLOR
STATUS
DESCRIPTION
POWER
Green
On
The Device is receiving power and ready for use.
Blinking
The Device is self-testing.
On
The Device detected an error while self-testing, or there is a
device malfunction.
Off
The Device is not receiving power.
Blinking
Firmware upgrade is in progress.
On
The Device has a successful Ethernet connection with a device
on the Local Area Network (LAN).
Red
ETHERNET
LAN 1-4
Green
Blinking
The Device is sending or receiving data to/from the LAN.
Off
The Device does not have an Ethernet connection with the LAN.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Device
Table 1 LED Descriptions (continued)
LED
COLOR
STATUS
DESCRIPTION
ETHERNET
WAN
Green
On
The Gigabit Ethernet connection is working.
Blinking
The Device is sending or receiving data to/from the Gigabit
Ethernet link.
Off
There is no Gigabit Ethernet link.
DSL1,2
Green
On
The ADSL line is up.
Blinking
The Device is initializing the ADSL line.
Off
The ADSL line is down.
On
The VDSL line is up.
Blinking
The Device is initializing the VDSL line.
Off
The VDSL line is down.
On
The Device has an IP connection but no traffic.
Orange
INTERNET
Green
Your device has a WAN IP address (either static or assigned by
a DHCP server), PPP negotiation was successfully completed (if
used) and the DSL connection is up.
USB
MoCA
HPNA
WLAN/WPS
Green
Green
Green
Green
Green
and
Orange
Blinking
The Device is sending or receiving IP traffic.
Off
There is no Internet connection or the gateway is in bridged
mode.
On
The Device recognizes a USB connection.
Blinking
The Device is sending/receiving data to /from the USB device
connected to it.
Off
The Device does not detect a USB connection.
On
The Device has proper MoCA network link.
Blinking
The Device has LAN activity.
Off
The device does not have MoCA network.
On
The Device is connected to an HPNA-equipped device through
the coaxial cable.A
Blinking
Data is transmitting over the HPNA cable.
Off
No HPNA device is connected.
On
The wireless network is activated.
Blinking
The Device is communicating with other wireless clients.
Blinking
The Device is setting up a WPS connection.
Off
The wireless network is not activated.
A. HPNA-equipped models only.
1.6 The RESET Button
If you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the RESET
button at the back of the device to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you
will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password will be reset to “1234”.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Device
Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).
To set the device back to the factory default settings, press the RESET button for ten seconds or
until the POWER LED begins to blink and then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink,
the defaults have been restored and the device restarts.
1.7 Wireless Access
The Device is a wireless Access Point (AP) for wireless clients, such as notebook computers or PDAs
and iPads. It allows them to connect to the Internet without having to rely on inconvenient Ethernet
cables.
You can configure your wireless network in either the built-in Web Configurator, or using the WPS
button.
Figure 6 Wireless Access Example
1.7.1 Using the WLAN/WPS Button
If the wireless network is turned off, press the WLAN/WPS button at the back of the Device for
one second. Once the WLAN/WPS LED turns green, the wireless network is active.
You can also use the WLAN/WPS button to quickly set up a secure wireless connection between
the Device and a WPS-compatible client by adding one device at a time.
To activate WPS:
Make sure the POWER LED is on and not blinking.
Press the WLAN/WPS button for five seconds and release it.
Press the WPS button on another WPS-enabled device within range of the Device. The WLAN/WPS
LED flashes orange while the Device sets up a WPS connection with the other wireless device.
Once the connection is successfully made, the WLAN/WPS LED shines green.
To turn off the wireless network, press the WLAN/WPS button on the front of the Device for one to
five seconds. The WLAN/WPS LED turns off when the wireless network is off.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the Device
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The Web Configurator
2.1 Overview
The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy device setup and
management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later versions or Mozilla Firefox 3
and later versions or Safari 2.0 and later versions or Google Chrome. The recommended screen
resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.
In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in
Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScript (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
See Appendix C on page 323 if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in Internet
Explorer.
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator
Make sure your Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start Guide).
Launch your web browser. If the Device does not automatically re-direct you to the login screen, go
to http://192.168.1.1.
A password screen displays. To access the administrative web configurator and manage the Device,
type the default username admin and password 1234 in the password screen and click Login. If
advanced account security is enabled (see Section 26.2 on page 259) the number of dots that
appears when you type the password changes randomly to prevent anyone watching the password
field from knowing the length of your password. If you have changed the password, enter your
password and click Login.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Figure 7 Password Screen
The following screen displays if you have not yet changed your password. It is strongly
recommended you change the default password. Enter a new password, retype it to confirm and
click Apply; alternatively click Skip to proceed to the main menu if you do not want to change the
password now.
Figure 8 Change Password Screen
The Quick Start Wizard screen appears. You can configure the Device’s time zone, basic Internet
access, and wireless settings. See Chapter 3 on page 33 for more information.
After you finished or closed the Quick Start Wizard screen, the Network Map page appears.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Figure 9 Network Map
Click Status to display the Status screen, where you can view the Device’s interface and system
information.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
2.2 Web Configurator Layout
Figure 10 Screen Layout
As illustrated above, the main screen is divided into these parts:
• A - title bar
• B - main window
• C - navigation panel
2.2.1 Title Bar
The title bar provides some icons in the upper right corner.
The icons provide the following functions.
Table 2 Web Configurator Icons in the Title Bar
ICON
DESCRIPTION
Quick Start: Click this icon to open screens where you can configure the Device’s time zone
Internet access, and wireless settings.
Logout: Click this icon to log out of the web configurator.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
2.2.2 Main Window
The main window displays information and configuration fields. It is discussed in the rest of this
document.
After you click Status on the Connection Status page, the Status screen is displayed. See
Chapter 5 on page 72 for more information about the Status screen.
If you click Virtual Device on the System Info screen, a visual graphic appears, showing the
connection status of the Device’s ports. The connected ports are in color and disconnected ports are
gray.
Figure 11 Virtual Device
2.2.3 Navigation Panel
Use the menu items on the navigation panel to open screens to configure Device features. The
following tables describe each menu item.
Table 3 Navigation Panel Summary
LINK
TAB
Connection Status
FUNCTION
This screen shows the network status of the Device and computers/
devices connected to it.
Network Setting
Broadband
Broadband
Use this screen to view and configure ISP parameters, WAN IP
address assignment, and other advanced properties. You can also add
new WAN connections.
3G Backup
Use this screen to configure 3G WAN connection.
Advanced
Use this screen to enable or disable PTM over ADSL, Annex M/Annex
J, and DSL PhyR functions.
8021x
Use this screen to view and configure the IEEE 802.1x settings on the
Device.
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Table 3 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINK
Wireless
Home
Networking
Routing
QoS
NAT
DNS
Interface
Group
TAB
FUNCTION
General
Use this screen to configure the wireless LAN settings and WLAN
authentication/security settings.
More AP
Use this screen to configure multiple BSSs on the Device.
MAC
Authentication
Use this screen to block or allow wireless traffic from wireless devices
of certain SSIDs and MAC addresses to the Device.
WPS
Use this screen to configure and view your WPS (Wi-Fi Protected
Setup) settings.
WMM
Use this screen to enable or disable Wi-Fi MultiMedia (WMM).
WDS
Use this screen to set up Wireless Distribution System (WDS) links to
other access points.
Others
Use this screen to configure advanced wireless settings.
Channel
Use this screen to scan wireless LAN channel noises and view the
results.
LAN Setup
Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, and other advanced
properties.
Static DHCP
Use this screen to assign specific IP addresses to individual MAC
addresses.
UPnP
Use this screen to turn UPnP and UPnP NAT-T on or off.
Additional
Subnet
Use this screen to configure IP alias and public static IP.
STB Vendor ID
Use this screen to have the Device automatically create static DHCP
entries for Set Top Box (STB) devices when they request IP
addresses.
5th Ethernet
Port
Use this screen to configure the Ethernet WAN port as a LAN port.
Static Route
Use this screen to view and set up static routes on the Device.
Policy
Forwarding
Use this screen to configure policy routing on the Device.
General
Use this screen to enable QoS and traffic prioritizing. You can also
configure the QoS rules and actions.
Queue Setup
Use this screen to configure QoS queues.
Class Setup
Use this screen to define a classifier.
Policer Setup
Use these screens to configure QoS policers.
Monitor
Use this screen to view QoS packets statistics.
Port Forwarding
Use this screen to make your local servers visible to the outside
world.
Applications
Use this screen to configure servers behind the Device.
Port Triggering
Use this screen to change your Device’s port triggering settings.
DMZ
Use this screen to configure a default server which receives packets
from ports that are not specified in the Port Forwarding screen.
ALG
Use this screen to enable or disable SIP ALG.
Address Mapping
Use this screen to change your Device’s address mapping settings.
DNS Entry
Use this screen to view and configure DNS routes.
Dynamic DNS
Use this screen to allow a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP
address.
Use this screen to map a port to a PVC or bridge group.
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Table 3 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINK
USB Device
TAB
FUNCTION
File Sharing
Use this screen to enable file sharing via the Device.
Media Server
Use this screen to use the Device as a media server.
Printer Server
Use this screen to enable the print server on the Device and get the
model name of the associated printer.
General
Use this screen to configure the security level of your firewall.
Service
Use this screen to add Internet services and configure firewall rules.
Access Control
Use this screen to enable specific traffic directions for network
services.
DoS
Use this screen to activate protection against Denial of Service (DoS)
attacks.
Security Settings
Firewall
MAC Filter
Use this screen to block or allow traffic from devices of certain MAC
addresses to the Device.
Parental
Control
Use this screen to block web sites with the specific URL.
Scheduler Rule
Use this screen to configure the days and times when a configured
restriction (such as parental control) is enforced.
Certificates
Local Certificates
Use this screen to view a summary list of certificates and manage
certificates and certification requests.
Trusted CA
Use this screen to view and manage the list of the trusted CAs.
System Log
Use this screen to view the status of events that occurred to the
Device. You can export or e-mail the logs.
Security Log
Use this screen to view the login record of the Device. You can export
or e-mail the logs.
WAN
Use this screen to view the status of all network traffic going through
the WAN port of the Device.
LAN
Use this screen to view the status of all network traffic going through
the LAN ports of the Device.
System Monitor
Log
Traffic Status
ARP Table
Use this screen to view the ARP table. It displays the IP and MAC
address of each DHCP connection.
IGMP Group
Status
Use this screen to view the status of all IGMP settings on the Device.
xDSL Statistics
Use this screen to view the Device’s xDSL traffic statistics.
Maintenance
User Account
Use this screen to change user password on the Device.
Remote MGMT
Use this screen to enable specific traffic directions for network
services.
TR-069 Client
Use this screen to configure the Device to be managed by an Auto
Configuration Server (ACS).
TR-064 Client
Use this screen to enable management via TR-064 on the LAN.
Time
Use this screen to change your Device’s time and date.
Email
Notification
Use this screen to configure up to two mail servers and sender
addresses on the Device.
Log Setting
Use this screen to change your Device’s log settings.
Firmware
Upgrade
Use this screen to upload firmware to your device.
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Table 3 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINK
TAB
FUNCTION
Configuration
Use this screen to backup and restore your device’s configuration
(settings) or reset the factory default settings.
Reboot
Use this screen to reboot the Device without turning the power off.
Diagnostic
Ping &
Traceroute &
Nslookup
Use this screen to identify problems with the DSL connection. You can
use Ping, TraceRoute, or Nslookup to help you identify problems.
802.1ag
Use this screen to configure CFM (Connectivity Fault Management)
MD (maintenance domain) and MA (maintenance association),
perform connectivity tests and view test reports.
OAM Ping
Use this screen to view information to help you identify problems with
the DSL connection.
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Quick Start
3.1 Overview
Use the Quick Start screens to configure the Device’s time zone, basic Internet access, and wireless
settings.
Note: See the technical reference chapters (starting on page 69) for background
information on the features in this chapter.
3.2 Quick Start Setup
The Quick Start Wizard appears automatically after login. Or you can click the Click Start icon in
the top right corner of the web configurator to open the quick start screens. Select the time zone of
the Device’s location and click Next.
Figure 12 Time Zone
Enter your Internet connection information in this screen. The screen and fields to enter may vary
depending on your current connection type. Click Next. Click Next.
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Chapter 3 Quick Start
Figure 13 Internet Connection
Turn the wireless LAN on or off. If you keep it on, record the security settings so you can configure
your wireless clients to connect to the Device. Click Save.
Figure 14 Internet Connection
Your Device saves your settings and attempts to connect to the Internet.
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Tutorials
4.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to use the Device’s various features.
• Setting Up an ADSL PPPoE Connection, see page 35
• Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network, see page 38
• Setting Up Multiple Wireless Groups, see page 44
• Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network, see page 47
• Configuring QoS Queue and Class Setup, see page 50
• Access the Device Using DDNS, see page 53
• Configuring the MAC Address Filter, see page 54
• Access Your Shared Files From a Computer, see page 56
• Using the Media Server Feature, see page 57
• Using the Print Server Feature, see page 62
4.2 Setting Up an ADSL PPPoE Connection
This tutorial shows you how to set up your Internet connection using the Web Configurator.
If you connect to the Internet through an ADSL connection, use the information from your Internet
Service Provider (ISP) to configure the Device. Be sure to contact your service provider for any
information you need to configure the Broadband screens.
Click Network Setting > Broadband to open the following screen. Click Add New WAN
Interface.
In this example, the DSL connection has the following information.
General
Name
MyDSLConnection
Type
ADSL
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Connection Mode
Routing
Encapsulation
PPPoE
IPv6/IPv4 Mode
IPv4
ATM PVC Configuration
VPI/VCI
36/48
Encapsulation Mode
LLC/SNAP-Bridging
Service Category
UBR without PCR
Account Information
PPP User Name
1234@DSL-Ex.com
PPP Password
ABCDEF!
PPPoE Service Name
MyDSL
Static IP Address
192.168.1.32
Others
PPPoE Passthrough: Disabled
NAT: Enabled
IGMP Multicast Proxy: Enabled
Apply as Default Gateway: Enabled
Select the Active check box. Enter the General and ATM PVC Configuration settings as provided
above.
Set the Type to ADSL over ATM.
Choose the Encapsulation specified by your DSL service provider. For this example, the service
provider requires a username and password to establish Internet connection. Therefore, select
PPPoE as the WAN encapsulation type.
Set the IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv4 Only.
Enter the account information provided to you by your DSL service provider.
Configure this rule as your default Internet connection by selecting the Apply as Default Gateway
check box. Then select DNS as Static and enter the DNS server addresses provided to you, such as
192.168.5.2 (DNS server1)/192.168.5.1 (DNS server2).
Leave the rest of the fields to the default settings.
Click Apply to save your settings.
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You should see a summary of your new DSL connection setup in the Broadband screen as follows.
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Try to connect to a website to see if you have correctly set up your Internet connection. Be sure to
contact your service provider for any information you need to configure the WAN screens.
4.3 Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network
Thomas wants to set up a wireless network so that he can use his notebook to access the Internet.
In this wireless network, the Device serves as an access point (AP), and the notebook is the
wireless client. The wireless client can access the Internet through the AP.
Thomas has to configure the wireless network settings on the Device. Then he can set up a wireless
network using WPS (Section 4.3.2 on page 40) or manual configuration (Section 4.3.3 on page 43).
4.3.1 Configuring the Wireless Network Settings
This example uses the following parameters to set up a wireless network.
SSID
Example
Security Mode
WPA2-PSK
Pre-Shared Key
DoNotStealMyWirelessNetwork
802.11 Mode
802.11b/g/n Mixed
Click Network Setting > Wireless to open the General screen. Select More Secure as the
security level and WPA2-PSK as the security mode. Configure the screen using the provided
parameters (see page 38). Click Apply.
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Go to the Wireless > Others screen and select 802.11b/g/n Mixed in the 802.11 Mode field.
Click Apply.
Thomas can now use the WPS feature to establish a wireless connection between his notebook and
the Device (see Section 4.3.2 on page 40). He can also use the notebook’s wireless client to search
for the Device (see Section 4.3.3 on page 43).
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4.3.2 Using WPS
This section shows you how to set up a wireless network using WPS. It uses the Device as the AP
and ZyXEL NWD210N as the wireless client which connects to the notebook.
Note: The wireless client must be a WPS-aware device (for example, a WPS USB adapter
or PCMCIA card).
There are two WPS methods to set up the wireless client settings:
• Push Button Configuration (PBC) - simply press a button. This is the easier of the two
methods.
• PIN Configuration - configure a Personal Identification Number (PIN) on the Device. A wireless
client must also use the same PIN in order to download the wireless network settings from the
Device.
Push Button Configuration (PBC)
Make sure that your Device is turned on and your notebook is within the cover range of the wireless
signal.
Make sure that you have installed the wireless client driver and utility in your notebook.
In the wireless client utility, go to the WPS setting page. Enable WPS and press the WPS button
(Start or WPS button).
Push and hold the WPS button located on the Device’s front panel for more than 5 seconds.
Alternatively, you may log into Device’s web configurator and go to the Network Setting >
Wireless > WPS screen. Enable the WPS function and click Apply. Then click the Connect button.
Note: Your Device has a WPS button located on its front panel as well as a WPS button in
its configuration utility. Both buttons have exactly the same function: you can use
one or the other.
Note: It doesn’t matter which button is pressed first. You must press the second button
within two minutes of pressing the first one.
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The Device sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two
minutes. The wireless client is then able to communicate with the Device securely.
The following figure shows you an example of how to set up a wireless network and its security by
pressing a button on both Device and wireless client.
Example WPS Process: PBC Method
Wireless Client
Device
WLAN/
WPS
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
Press and hold for
5 seconds
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
PIN Configuration
When you use the PIN configuration method, you need to use both the Device’s web configurator
and the wireless client’s utility.
Launch your wireless client’s configuration utility. Go to the WPS settings and select the PIN method
to get a PIN number.
Log into Device’s web configurator and go to the Network Setting > Wireless > WPS screen.
Enable the WPS function and click Apply.
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Enter the PIN number of the wireless client and click the Register button. Activate WPS function on
the wireless client utility screen within two minutes.
The Device authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration settings to the
wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. The wireless client is then able to communicate
with the Device securely.
The following figure shows you how to set up a wireless network and its security on a Device and a
wireless client by using PIN method.
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Example WPS Process: PIN Method
Wireless Client
ZyXEL Device
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
Authentication by PIN
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
4.3.3 Without WPS
Use the wireless adapter’s utility installed on the notebook to search for the “Example” SSID. Then
enter the “DoNotStealMyWirelessNetwork” pre-shared key to establish an wireless Internet
connection.
Note: The Device supports IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g wireless clients. Make sure
that your notebook or computer’s wireless adapter supports one of these
standards.
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4.4 Setting Up Multiple Wireless Groups
Company A wants to create different wireless network groups for different types of users as shown
in the following figure. Each group has its own SSID and security mode.
Company
Guest
VIP
• Employees in Company A will use a general Company wireless network group.
• Higher management level and important visitors will use the VIP group.
• Visiting guests will use the Guest group, which has a lower security mode.
Company A will use the following parameters to set up the wireless network groups.
COMPANY
VIP
GUEST
SSID
Company
VIP
Guest
Security Level
More Secure
More Secure
Basic
Security Mode
WPA2-PSK
WPA2-PSK
Static WEP
Pre-Shared Key
ForCompanyOnly
ForVIPOnly
Guest12345678
Click Network Setting > Wireless to open the General screen. Use this screen to set up the
company’s general wireless network group. Configure the screen using the provided parameters
and click Apply.
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Click Network Setting > Wireless > More AP to open the following screen. Click the Edit icon to
configure the second wireless network group. The following screen does not apply to VMG4381.
Configure the screen using the provided parameters and click Apply.
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In the More AP screen, click the Edit icon to configure the third wireless network group.
Configure the screen using the provided parameters and click Apply.
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Check the status of VIP and Guest in the More AP screen. The yellow bulbs signify that the SSIDs
are active and ready for wireless access.
4.5 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another
Network
In order to extend your Intranet and control traffic flowing directions, you may connect a router to
the Device’s LAN. The router may be used to separate two department networks. This tutorial
shows how to configure a static routing rule for two network routings.
In the following figure, router R is connected to the Device’s LAN. R connects to two networks, N1
(192.168.1.x/24) and N2 (192.168.10.x/24). If you want to send traffic from computer A (in N1
network) to computer B (in N2 network), the traffic is sent to the Device’s WAN default gateway by
default. In this case, B will never receive the traffic.
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N1
N2
You need to specify a static routing rule on the Device to specify R as the router in charge of
forwarding traffic to N2. In this case, the Device routes traffic from A to R and then R routes the
traffic to B.
N1
N2
This tutorial uses the following example IP settings:
Table 4 IP Settings in this Tutorial
DEVICE / COMPUTER
IP ADDRESS
The Device’s WAN
172.16.1.1
The Device’s LAN
192.168.1.1
IP Type
IPv4
Use Interface
ADSL/atm0
192.168.1.34
R’s N1
192.168.1.253
R’s N2
192.168.10.2
192.168.10.33
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To configure a static route to route traffic from N1 to N2:
Log into the Device’s Web Configurator in advanced mode.
Click Network Setting > Routing.
Click Add new static route in the Static Route screen.
Configure the Static Route Setup screen using the following settings:
4a
Select the Active check box. Enter the Route Name as R.
4b
Set IP Type to IPv4.
4c
Type 192.168.10.0 and subnet mask 255.255.255.0 for the destination, N2.
4d
Select Enable in the Use Gateway IP Address field. Type 192.168.1.253 (R’s N1 address)
in the Gateway IP Address field.
4e
Select ADSL/atm0 as the Use Interface.
4a
Click OK.
Now B should be able to receive traffic from A. You may need to additionally configure B’s firewall
settings to allow specific traffic to pass through.
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4.6 Configuring QoS Queue and Class Setup
This section contains tutorials on how you can configure the QoS screen.
Let’s say you are a team leader of a small sales branch office. You want to prioritize e-mail traffic
because your task includes sending urgent updates to clients at least twice every hour. You also
upload data files (such as logs and e-mail archives) to the FTP server throughout the day. Your
colleagues use the Internet for research, as well as chat applications for communicating with other
branch offices.
In the following figure, your Internet connection has an upstream transmission bandwidth of
10,000 kbps. For this example, you want to configure QoS so that e-mail traffic gets the highest
priority with at least 5,000 kbps. You can do the following:
• Configure a queue to assign the highest priority queue (1) to e-mail traffic going to the WAN
interface, so that e-mail traffic would not get delayed when there is network congestion.
• Note the IP address (192.168.1.23 for example) and/or MAC address (AA:FF:AA:FF:AA:FF for
example) of your computer and map it to queue 7.
Note: QoS is applied to traffic flowing out of the Device.
Traffic that does not match this class is assigned a priority queue based on the internal QoS
mapping table on the Device.
QoS Example
DSL
10,000 kbps
Your computer
IP=192.168.1.23
and/or
MAC=AA:FF:AA:FF:AA:FF
Email traffic: Highest priority
A colleague’s computer
Other traffic: Automatic classifier
Click Network Setting > QoS > General and select Enable. Set your WAN Managed Upstream
Bandwidth to 10,000 kbps (or leave this blank to have the Device automatically determine this
figure). Click Apply.
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Tutorial: Advanced > QoS
Click Queue Setup > Add new Queue to create a new queue. In the screen that opens, check
Active and enter or select the following values:
• Name: E-mail
• Interface: WAN
• Priority: 1 (High)
• Weight: 8
• Rate Limit: 5,000 (kbps)
Tutorial: Advanced > QoS > Queue Setup
Click Class Setup > Add new Classifier to create a new class. Check Active and follow the
settings as shown in the screen below.
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Tutorial: Advanced > QoS > Class Setup
Class Name
Give a class name to this traffic, such as E-mail in this example.
From
Interface
This is the interface from which the traffic will be coming from. Select LAN1 for this
example.
Ether Type
Select IP to identify the traffic source by its IP address or MAC address.
IP Address
Type the IP address of your computer - 192.168.1.23. Type the IP Subnet Mask if you
know it.
MAC Address
Type the MAC address of your computer - AA:FF:AA:FF:AA:FF. Type the MAC Mask if you
know it.
To Queue
Index
Link this to an item in the Network Setting > QoS > Queue Setup screen, which is the Email queue created in this example.
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This maps e-mail traffic coming from port 25 to the highest priority, which you have created in the
previous screen (see the IP Protocol field). This also maps your computer’s IP address and MAC
address to the E-mail queue (see the Source fields).
Verify that the queue setup works by checking Network Setting > QoS > Monitor. This shows
the bandwidth allotted to e-mail traffic compared to other network traffic.
4.7 Access the Device Using DDNS
If you connect your Device to the Internet and it uses a dynamic WAN IP address, it is inconvenient
for you to manage the device from the Internet. The Device’s WAN IP address changes dynamically.
Dynamic DNS (DDNS) allows you to access the Device using a domain name.
http://zyxelrouter.dyndns.org
a.b.c.d
w.x.y.z
To use this feature, you have to apply for DDNS service at www.dyndns.org.
This tutorial covers:
• Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org
• Configuring DDNS on Your Device
• Testing the DDNS Setting
Note: If you have a private WAN IP address, then you cannot use DDNS.
4.7.1 Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org
Open a browser and type http://www.dyndns.org.
Apply for a user account. This tutorial uses UserName1 and 12345 as the username and
password.
Log into www.dyndns.org using your account.
Add a new DDNS host name. This tutorial uses the following settings as an example.
• Hostname: zyxelrouter.dyndns.org
• Service Type: Host with IP address
• IP Address: Enter the WAN IP address that your Device is currently using. You can find the IP
address on the Device’s Web Configurator Status page.
Then you will need to configure the same account and host name on the Device later.
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4.7.2 Configuring DDNS on Your Device
Configure the following settings in the Network Setting > DNS > Dynamic DNS screen.
• Select Enable Dynamic DNS.
• Select www.DynDNS.com as the service provider.
• Type zyxelrouter.dyndns.org in the Host Name field.
• Enter the user name (UserName1) and password (12345).
Click Apply.
4.7.3 Testing the DDNS Setting
Now you should be able to access the Device from the Internet. To test this:
Open a web browser on the computer (using the IP address a.b.c.d) that is connected to the
Internet.
Type http://zyxelrouter.dyndns.org and press [Enter].
The Device’s login page should appear. You can then log into the Device and manage it.
4.8 Configuring the MAC Address Filter
Thomas noticed that his daughter Josephine spends too much time surfing the web and
downloading media files. He decided to prevent Josephine from accessing the Internet so that she
can concentrate on preparing for her final exams.
Josephine’s computer connects wirelessly to the Internet through the Device. Thomas decides to
use the Security > MAC Filter screen to grant wireless network access to his computer but not to
Josephine’s computer.
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Thomas
Josephine
Click Security > MAC Filter to open the MAC Filter screen. Select the Enable check box to
activate MAC filter function.
Select Allow. Then enter the host name and MAC address of Thomas’ computer in this screen. Click
Apply.
Thomas can also grant access to the computers of other members of his family and friends.
However, Josephine and others not listed in this screen will no longer be able to access the Internet
through the Device.
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4.9 Access Your Shared Files From a Computer
Here is how to use an FTP program to access a file storage device connected to the Device’s USB
port.
Note: This example uses the FileZilla FTP program to browse your shared files.
In FileZilla enter the IP address of the Device (the default is 192.168.1.1), your account’s user
name and password and port 21 and click Quickconnect. A screen asking for password
authentication appears.
File Sharing via Windows Explorer
Once you log in the USB device displays in the
mnt folder.
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4.10 Using the Media Server Feature
Use the media server feature to play files on a computer or on your television (using DMA-2500).
This section shows you how the media server feature works using the following media clients:
• Microsoft (MS) Windows Media Player
Media Server works with Windows Vista and Windows 7. Make sure your computer is able to play
media files (music, videos and pictures).
• ZyXEL DMA-2500, a digital media adapter
You need to set up the DMA-2500 to work with your television (TV). Refer to the DMA-2500 Quick
Start Guide for the correct hardware connections.
Before you begin, connect the USB storage device containing the media files you want to play to the
USB port of your Device.
4.10.1 Configuring the Device
Note: The Media Server feature is enabled by default.
To use your Device as a media server, click Network Setting > Home Networking > Media
Server.
Tutorial: USB Services > Media Server
Check Enable Media Server and click Apply. This enables DLNA-compliant media clients to play
the video, music and image files in your USB storage device.
4.10.2 Using Windows Media Player
This section shows you how to play the media files on the USB storage device connected to your
Device using Windows Media Player.
Tutorial: Media Server Setup (Using Windows Media Player)
USB Storage Device
Computer with
Windows Media Player
ZyXEL Device
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Windows Vista
Open Windows Media Player and click Library > Media Sharing as follows.
Tutorial: Media Sharing using Windows Vista
Check Find media that others are sharing in the following screen and click OK.
Tutorial: Media Sharing using Windows Vista (2)
In the Library screen, check the left panel. The Windows Media Player should detect the Device.
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Tutorial: Media Sharing using Windows Vista (3)
The Device displays as a playlist. Clicking on the category icons in the right panel shows you the
media files in the USB storage device attached to your Device.
Windows 7
Open Windows Media Player. It should automatically detect the Device.
Tutorial: Media Sharing using Windows 7 (1)
If you cannot see the Device in the left panel as shown above, right-click Other Libraries >
Refresh Other Libraries.
Select a category in the left panel and wait for Windows Media Player to connect to the Device.
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Tutorial: Media Sharing using Windows 7 (2)
In the right panel, you should see a list of files available in the USB storage device.
Tutorial: Media Sharing using Windows 7 (2)
4.10.3 Using a Digital Media Adapter
This section shows you how you can use the Device with a ZyXEL DMA-2500 to play media files
stored in the USB storage device in your TV screen.
Note: For this tutorial, your DMA-2500 should already be set up with the TV according to
the instructions in the DMA-2500 Quick Start Guide.
Connect the DMA-2500 to an available LAN port in your Device.
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Tutorial: Media Server Setup (Using DMA)
USB Storage Device
DMA-2500
ZyXEL Device
Turn on the TV and wait for the DMA-2500 Home screen to appear. Using the remote control, go to
MyMedia to open the following screen. Select the Device as your media server.
Tutorial: Media Sharing using DMA-2500
The screen shows you the list of available media files in the USB storage device. Select the file you
want to open and push the Play button in the remote control.
Tutorial: Media Sharing using DMA-2500 (2)
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4.11 Using the Print Server Feature
The Device allows you to share a USB printer on your LAN. You can do this by connecting a USB
printer to one of the USB ports on the Device and then adding the printer on the computers
connected to your network.
In this section you can:
• Add a New Printer Using Windows
• Add a New Printer Using Macintosh OS X
Add a New Printer Using Windows
This example shows how to connect a printer to your Device using the Windows 7 operating
system. Some menu items may look different on your operating system.
Click Start > Control Panel > Devices and Printers to open the Devices and Printers screen.
Click Add a printer.
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Tutorial: Printers Folder
The Add Printer wizard screen displays. Click Add a network, wireless or Bluetooth printer.
Tutorial: Add Printer Wizard: Welcome
Click The printer that I want isn’t listed.
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Tutorial: Add Printer Wizard: Welcome
Select the Select a shared printer by name option. Enter the URL for your printer, http://
192.168.1.1:631/printers/USB_PRINTER, in this example. This URL can be found in the
Device’s Web Configurator on the Network Setting > USB Service > Printer Server screen.
Click Next.
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Tutorial: Add Printer Wizard: Welcome
Install the printer driver. Please check the Windows CD if it includes the printer driver. If not, please
install the driver from the CD included with your printer or by downloading it from the printer
vendor’s website.
After the printer driver installs successfully, choose if you want to set this printer to be the default.
Add a New Printer Using Macintosh OS X
Complete the following steps to set up a print server driver on your Macintosh computer.
Click the Print Center icon
located in the Macintosh Dock (a place holding a series of icons/
shortcuts at the bottom of the desktop). Proceed to step 6 to continue. If the Print Center icon is
not in the Macintosh Dock, proceed to the next step.
On your desktop, double-click the Macintosh HD icon to open the Macintosh HD window.
Tutorial: Macintosh HD
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Double-click the Applications folder.
Tutorial: Macintosh HD folder
Double-click the Utilities folder.
Tutorial: Applications Folder
Double-click the Print Center icon.
Tutorial: Utilities Folder
Click the Add icon at the top of the screen.
Tutorial: Printer List Folder
Set up your printer in the Printer List configuration screen. Select IP Printing from the dropdown list box.
In the Printer’s Address field, type the IP address of your Device.
Deselect the Use default queue on server check box.
10 Type LP1 in the Queue Name field.
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11 Select your Printer Model from the drop-down list box. If the printer's model is not listed, select
Generic.
Tutorial: Printer Configuration
12 Click Add to select a printer model, save and close the Printer List configuration screen.
Tutorial: Printer Model
13 The Name LP1 on 192.168.1.1 displays in the Printer List field. The default printer Name
displays in bold type.
Tutorial: Print Server
Your Macintosh print server driver setup is complete. You can now use the Device’s print server to
print from a Macintosh computer.
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Technical Reference
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Network Map and Status Screens
5.1 Overview
After you log into the Web Configurator, the Network Map screen appears. This shows the network
connection status of the Device and clients connected to it.
You can use the Status screen to look at the current status of the Device, system resources, and
interfaces (LAN, WAN, and WLAN).
5.2 The Network Map Screen
Use this screen to view the network connection status of the device and its clients. A warning
message appears if there is a connection problem.
If you prefer to view the status in a list, click List View in the Viewing Mode selection box. You
can configure how often you want the Device to update this screen in Refresh Interval.
Figure 15 Network Map: Icon Mode
Figure 16 Network Map: List Mode
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In Icon Mode, if you want to view information about a client, click the client’s name and Info.
Click the IP address if you want to change it. If you want to change the name or icon of the client,
click Change icon/name.
In List Mode, you can also view the client’s information.
5.3 The Status Screen
Use this screen to view the status of the Device. Click Status to open this screen.
Figure 17 Status Screen
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Each field is described in the following table.
Table 5 Status Screen
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Select how often you want the Device to update this screen.
Device Information
Host Name
This field displays the Device system name. It is used for identification.
Model
Number
This shows the model number of your Device.
Firmware
Version
This is the current version of the firmware inside the Device.
WAN Information (These fields display when you have a WAN connection.)
WAN Type
This field displays the current WAN connection type.
MAC Address
This shows the WAN Ethernet adapter MAC (Media Access Control) Address of your Device.
IP Address
This field displays the current IP address of the Device in the WAN. Click Release to release
your IP address to 0.0.0.0. If you want to renew your IP address, click Renew.
IP Subnet Mask
This field displays the current subnet mask in the WAN.
Encapsulation
This field displays the current encapsulation method.
LAN Information
IP Address
This is the current IP address of the Device in the LAN.
IP Subnet
Mask
This is the current subnet mask in the LAN.
DHCP
This field displays what DHCP services the Device is providing to the LAN. Choices are:
Server - The Device is a DHCP server in the LAN. It assigns IP addresses to other
computers in the LAN.
Relay - The Device acts as a surrogate DHCP server and relays DHCP requests and
responses between the remote server and the clients.
None - The Device is not providing any DHCP services to the LAN.
MAC
Address
This shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC (Media Access Control) Address of your Device.
WLAN Information
MAC
Address
This shows the wireless adapter MAC (Media Access Control) Address of your Device.
Status
This displays whether WLAN is activated.
SSID
This is the descriptive name used to identify the Device in a wireless LAN.
Channel
This is the channel number used by the Device now.
Security
This displays the type of security mode the Device is using in the wireless LAN.
802.11
Mode
This displays the type of 802.11 mode the Device is using in the wireless LAN.
WPS
This displays whether WPS is activated.
Security
Firewall
This displays the firewall’s current security level.
System Status
System Up
Time
This field displays how long the Device has been running since it last started up. The Device
starts up when you plug it in, when you restart it (Maintenance > Reboot), or when you
reset it.
Current
Date/Time
This field displays the current date and time in the Device. You can change this in
Maintenance> Time Setting.
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Table 5 Status Screen (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
System Resource
CPU Usage
This field displays what percentage of the Device’s processing ability is currently used. When
this percentage is close to 100%, the Device is running at full load, and the throughput is
not going to improve anymore. If you want some applications to have more throughput, you
should turn off other applications (for example, using QoS; see Chapter 10 on page 163).
Memory
Usage
This field displays what percentage of the Device’s memory is currently used. Usually, this
percentage should not increase much. If memory usage does get close to 100%, the Device
is probably becoming unstable, and you should restart the device. See Section 34.2 on page
279, or turn off the device (unplug the power) for a few seconds.
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Broadband
6.1 Overview
This chapter discusses the Device’s Broadband screens. Use these screens to configure your
Device for Internet access.
A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another network or the
Internet. It connects your private networks, such as a LAN (Local Area Network) and other
networks, so that a computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations.
Figure 18 LAN and WAN
WAN
3G (third generation) standards for the sending and receiving of voice, video, and data in a mobile
environment.
You can attach a 3G wireless adapter to the USB port and set the Device to use this 3G connection
as your WAN or a backup when the wired WAN connection fails.
Figure 19 3G WAN Connection
6.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
• Use the Broadband screen to view, remove or add a WAN interface. You can also configure the
WAN settings on the Device for Internet access (Section 6.2 on page 79).
• Use the 3G Backup screen to configure 3G WAN connection (Section 6.3 on page 89).
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• Use the Advanced screen to enable or disable PTM over ADSL, Annex M/Annex J, and DSL PhyR
functions (Section 6.4 on page 93).
• Use the 8021x screen to view and configure the IEEE 802.1x settings on the Device (Section 6.5
on page 95).
Table 6 WAN Setup Overview
LAYER-2 INTERFACE
CONNECTION
ADSL/VDSL
over PTM
ADSL over ATM
INTERNET CONNECTION
DSL LINK
TYPE
MODE
ENCAPSULATION
CONNECTION SETTINGS
N/A
Routing
PPPoE
PPP information, IPv4/IPv6 IP
address, routing feature, DNS
server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU
IPoE
IPv4/IPv6 IP address, routing
feature, DNS server, VLAN, QoS,
and MTU
Bridge
N/A
VLAN and QoS
Routing
PPPoE/PPP0A
ATM PCV configuration, PPP
information, IPv4/IPv6 IP address,
routing feature, DNS server, VLAN,
QoS, and MTU
IPoE/IPoA
ATM PCV configuration, IPv4/IPv6
IP address, routing feature, DNS
server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU
N/A
ATM PCV configuration, and QoS
EoA
Bridge
6.1.2 What You Need to Know
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
Encapsulation Method
Encapsulation is used to include data from an upper layer protocol into a lower layer protocol. To set
up a WAN connection to the Internet, you need to use the same encapsulation method used by your
ISP (Internet Service Provider). If your ISP offers a dial-up Internet connection using PPPoE (PPP
over Ethernet), they should also provide a username and password (and service name) for user
authentication.
WAN IP Address
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the Device, which makes it accessible from an outside
network. It is used by the Device to communicate with other devices in other networks. It can be
static (fixed) or dynamically assigned by the ISP each time the Device tries to access the Internet.
If your ISP assigns you a static WAN IP address, they should also assign you the subnet mask and
DNS server IP address(es).
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a WAN networking technology that provides high-speed data
transfer. ATM uses fixed-size packets of information called cells. With ATM, a high QoS (Quality of
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Service) can be guaranteed. ATM uses a connection-oriented model and establishes a virtual circuit
(VC) between Finding Out More
PTM
Packet Transfer Mode (PTM) is packet-oriented and supported by the VDSL2 standard. In PTM,
packets are encapsulated directly in the High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) frames. It is designed
to provide a low-overhead, transparent way of transporting packets over DSL links, as an
alternative to ATM.
3G
3G (Third Generation) is a digital, packet-switched wireless technology. Bandwidth usage is
optimized as multiple users share the same channel and bandwidth is only allocated to users when
they send data. It allows fast transfer of voice and non-voice data and provides broadband Internet
access to mobile devices.
IPv6 Introduction
IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6), is designed to enhance IP address size and features. The
increase in IPv6 address size to 128 bits (from the 32-bit IPv4 address) allows up to 3.4 x 1038 IP
addresses. The Device can use IPv4/IPv6 dual stack to connect to IPv4 and IPv6 networks, and
supports IPv6 rapid deployment (6RD).
IPv6 Addressing
The 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This
is an example IPv6 address 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000.
IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:
• Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So
2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000 can be written as
2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0.
• Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double
colon can only appear once in an IPv6 address. So
2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015 can be written as
2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015,
2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15 or 2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15.
IPv6 Prefix and Prefix Length
Similar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An
IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address
compose the network address. The prefix length is written as “/x” where x is a number. For
example,
2001:db8:1a2b:15::1a2f:0/32
means that the first 32 bits (2001:db8) is the subnet prefix.
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IPv6 Subnet Masking
Both an IPv6 address and IPv6 subnet mask compose of 128-bit binary digits, which are divided
into eight 16-bit blocks and written in hexadecimal notation. Hexadecimal uses four bits for each
character (1 ~ 10, A ~ F). Each block’s 16 bits are then represented by four hexadecimal
characters. For example, FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FC00:0000:0000:0000.
IPv6 Rapid Deployment
Use IPv6 Rapid Deployment (6rd) when the local network uses IPv6 and the ISP has an IPv4
network. When the Device has an IPv4 WAN address and you set IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv4 Only,
you can enable 6rd to encapsulate IPv6 packets in IPv4 packets to cross the ISP’s IPv4 network.
The Device generates a global IPv6 prefix from its IPv4 WAN address and tunnels IPv6 traffic to the
ISP’s Border Relay router (BR in the figure) to connect to the native IPv6 Internet. The local
network can also use IPv4 services. The Device uses it’s configured IPv4 WAN IP to route IPv4
traffic to the IPv4 Internet.
Figure 20 IPv6 Rapid Deployment
LAN
- IPv6
- IPv4
WAN
- IPv4
- IPv6 in IPv4
ISP (IPv4)
IPv6 in IPv4
IPv6 + IPv4
BR
IPv6 Internet
IPv4
IPv4 Internet
Dual Stack Lite
Use Dual Stack Lite when local network computers use IPv4 and the ISP has an IPv6 network.
When the Device has an IPv6 WAN address and you set IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv6 Only, you can
enable Dual Stack Lite to use IPv4 computers and services.
The Device tunnels IPv4 packets inside IPv6 encapsulation packets to the ISP’s Address Family
Transition Router (AFTR in the graphic) to connect to the IPv4 Internet. The local network can also
use IPv6 services. The VDSL Router uses it’s configured IPv6 WAN IP to route IPv6 traffic to the
IPv6 Internet.
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Figure 21 Dual Stack Lite
WAN
- IPv6
- IPv4 in IPv6
LAN
- IPv6
- IPv4
ISP (IPv6)
IPv6
IPv6 + IPv4
IPv6 Internet
IPv4 in IPv6
AFTR
IPv4 Internet
6.1.3 Before You Begin
You need to know your Internet access settings such as encapsulation and WAN IP address. Get this
information from your ISP.
6.2 The Broadband Screen
Use this screen to change your Device’s Internet access settings. Click Network Setting >
Broadband from the menu. The summary table shows you the configured WAN services
(connections) on the Device.
Figure 22 Network Setting > Broadband
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 7 Network Setting > Broadband
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add new WAN
Interface
Click this button to create a new connection.
This is the index number of the entry.
Name
This is the service name of the connection.
Type
This shows whether it is an ATM, PTM, or Ethernet connection.
Mode
This shows whether the connection is in routing or bridge mode.
Encapsulation
This is the method of encapsulation used by this connection.
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Table 7 Network Setting > Broadband (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
802.1p
This indicates the 802.1p priority level assigned to traffic sent through this connection. This
displays N/A when there is no priority level assigned.
802.1q
This indicates the VLAN ID number assigned to traffic sent through this connection. This
displays N/A when there is no VLAN ID number assigned.
IGMP Proxy
This shows whether the Device act as an IGMP proxy on this connection.
NAT
This shows whether NAT is activated or not for this connection.
Default
Gateway
This shows whether the Device use the WAN interface of this connection as the system
default gateway.
IPv6
This shows whether IPv6 is activated or not for this connection. IPv6 is not available when
the connection uses the bridging service.
MLD Proxy
This shows whether Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) is activated or not for this
connection. MLD is not available when the connection uses the bridging service.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to configure the WAN connection.
Click the Delete icon to remove the WAN connection.
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6.2.1 Add/Edit Internet Connection
Click Add new WAN Interface in the Broadband screen or the Edit icon next to an existing WAN
interface to configure a WAN connection. The screen varies depending on the interface type, mode,
encapsulation, and IPv6/IPv4 mode you select.
6.2.1.1 Routing Mode
Use Routing mode if your ISP give you one IP address only and you want multiple computers to
share an Internet account.
The following example screen displays when you select the ADSL over ATM connection type,
Routing mode, and PPPoE encapsulation. The screen varies when you select other interface type,
encapsulation, and IPv6/IPv4 mode.
Figure 23 Routing Mode
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 8 Routing Mode
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
General
Active
Select this to activate the WAN configuration settings.
Name
Specify a descriptive name for this connection.
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Table 8 Routing Mode (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Type
Select whether it is ADSL/VDSL over PTM, ADSL over ATM, or Ethernet connection.
•
•
•
ADSL/VDSL over PTM: The Device uses the VDSL technology for data transmission
over the DSL port.
ADSL over ATM: The Device uses the ADSL technology for data transmission over the
DSL port.
Ethernet: The Device transmits data over the Ethernet WAN port. Select this if you have
a DSL router or modem in your network already.
Mode
Select Routing if your ISP give you one IP address only and you want multiple computers to
share an Internet account.
Encapsulation
Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. This
option is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.
•
•
•
•
PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE): PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) provides
access control and billing functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP.
Select this if you have a username and password for Internet access.
IP over Ethernet (IPoE): In this type of Internet connection, IP packets are routed
between the Ethernet interface and the WAN interface and then formatted so that they
can be understood in a bridged environment.
PPP over ATM (PPPoA): PPPoA allows just one PPPoA connection over a PVC.
IP over ATM (IPoA): IPoA allows just one RFC 1483 routing connection over a PVC.
If your connection type is ADSL/VDSL over PTM or Ethernet, the choices are PPPoE and
IPoE.
If your connection type is ADSL over ATM, the choices are PPPoE, PPPoA, IPoE and
IPoA.
IPv6/IPv4 Mode Select IPv4 Only if you want the Device to run IPv4 only.
Select IPv6/IPv4 DualStack to allow the Device to run IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time.
Select IPv6 Only if you want the Device to run IPv6 only.
ATM PVC Configuration (These fields appear when the Type is set to ADSL over ATM.)
VPI
The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI
The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM
traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
DSL Link Type
This field is not editable. The selection depends on the setting in the Encapsulation field.
EoA (Ethernet over ATM) uses an Ethernet header in the packet, so that you can have
multiple services/connections over one PVC. You can set each connection to have its own
MAC address or all connections share one MAC address but use different VLAN IDs for
different services. EoA supports ENET ENCAP (IPoE), PPPoE and RFC1483/2684 bridging
encapsulation methods.
PPPoA (PPP over ATM) allows just one PPPoA connection over a PVC.
IPoA (IP over ATM) allows just one RFC 1483 routing connection over a PVC.
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Table 8 Routing Mode (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Encapsulation
Mode
Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. Choices
are:
•
•
•
•
Service
Category
LLC/SNAP-BRIDGING: In LCC encapsulation, bridged PDUs are encapsulated by
identifying the type of the bridged media in the SNAP header. This is available only when
you select IPoE or PPPoE in the Select DSL Link Type field.
VC/MUX: In VC multiplexing, each protocol is carried on a single ATM virtual circuit
(VC). To transport multiple protocols, the Device needs separate VCs. There is a binding
between a VC and the type of the network protocol carried on the VC. This reduces
payload overhead since there is no need to carry protocol information in each Protocol
Data Unit (PDU) payload.
LLC/ENCAPSULATION: More than one protocol can be carried over the same VC. This
is available only when you select PPPoA in the Encapsulation field.
LLC/SNAP-ROUTING: In LCC encapsulation, an IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control (LLC)
header is prefixed to each routed PDU to identify the PDUs. The LCC header can be
followed by an IEEE 802.1a SubNetwork Attachment Point (SNAP) header. This is
available only when you select IPoA in the Encapsulation field.
Select UBR Without PCR or UBR With PCR for applications that are non-time sensitive,
such as e-mail.
Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice or data
traffic.
Select Non Realtime VBR (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) for connections that do not
require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
Select Realtime VBR (real-time Variable Bit Rate) for applications with bursty connections
that require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
Peak Cell Rate
Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell Rate
(PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the PCR here.This
field is not available when you select UBR Without PCR.
Sustainable
Cell Rate
The Sustainable Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be
transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system default is 0
cells/sec.
This field is available only when you select Non Realtime VBR or Realtime VBR.
Maximum Burst
Size
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the
peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
This field is available only when you select Non Realtime VBR or Realtime VBR.
PPP
Information
This is available only when you select PPPoE or PPPoA in the Mode field.
PPP User Name
Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form
user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly
as given.
PPP Password
Enter the password associated with the user name above.
PPP Auto
Connect
Select this option if you do not want the connection to time out.
IDLE Timeout
This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the router automatically
disconnects from the PPPoE server.
This field is not configurable if you select PPP Auto Connect.
PPPoE Service
Name
Enter the name of your PPPoE service here.
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Table 8 Routing Mode (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
PPPoE
Passthrough
This field is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
In addition to the Device’s built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE pass through to allow
up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the
ISP via the Device. Each host can have a separate account and a public WAN IP address.
PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not appropriate.
Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client
software on their computers to connect to the ISP.
IP Address
This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv6/IPv4 DualStack in the IPv6/
IPv4 Mode field.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not fixed;
the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet. Select this if you
have a dynamic IP address.
Static IP
Address
Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
IP Address
Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP.
Subnet
Mask
Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP.
Gateway IP
Address
Enter the gateway IP address provided by your ISP.
Routing Feature This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv6/IPv4 DualStack in the IPv6/
IPv4 Mode field.
NAT Enable
Select this option to activate NAT on this connection.
IGMP Proxy
Enable
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to establish
membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data.
Select this option to have the Device act as an IGMP proxy on this connection. This allows
the Device to get subscribing information and maintain a joined member list for each
multicast group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly.
Apply as
Default
Gateway
Select this option to have the Device use the WAN interface of this connection as the system
default gateway.
DNS Server
This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv6/IPv4 DualStack in the IPv6/
IPv4 Mode field.
DNS
Select Dynamic if you want the Device use the DNS server addresses assigned by your ISP.
Select Static if you want the Device use the DNS server addresses you configure manually.
DNS Server 1
Enter the first DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
DNS Server 2
Enter the second DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
IPv6 Address
This is available only when you select IPv6/IPv4 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv6/
IPv4 Mode field.
IPv6 Address
Select Automatic if you want to have the Device use the IPv6 prefix from the connected
router’s Router Advertisement (RA) to generate an IPv6 address.
Select the Get IPv6 Address From DHCPv6 Server checkbox if you want to obtain an
IPv6 address from a DHCPv6 server. The IP address assigned by a DHCPv6 server has
priority over the IP address automatically generated by the Device using the IPv6 prefix
from an RA. This option is available only when you choose to get your IPv6 address
automatically.
Select Static if you have a fixed IPv6 address assigned by your ISP.
WAN IPv6
Address
Enter the IPv6 address assigned by your ISP.
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Table 8 Routing Mode (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Prefix
Length
Enter the address prefix length to specify how many most significant bits in an IPv6 address
compose the network address.
Next Hop
Enter the IP address of the next-hop gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the
same segment as your Device's interface(s). The gateway helps forward packets to their
destinations.
IPv6 Routing
Feature
You can enable IPv6 routing features in the following section.
MLD Proxy
Enable
Select this checkbox to have the Device act as an MLD proxy on this connection. This allows
the Device to get subscription information and maintain a joined member list for each
multicast group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly.
Apply as
Default
Gateway
Select this option to have the Device use the WAN interface of this connection as the system
default gateway.
IPv6 DNS
Server
Configure the IPv6 DNS server in the following section.
IPv6 DNS
Select Dynamic to have the Device get the IPv6 DNS server addresses from the ISP
automatically.
Select Static to have the Device use the IPv6 DNS server addresses you configure
manually.
IPv6 DNS
Server 1
Enter the first IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
IPv6 DNS
Server 2
Enter the second IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
Tunnel
The IPv6 rapid deployment fields display when you set the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field to IPv4
Only. See IPv6 Rapid Deployment on page 78 for more information.
Enable 6RD
Enable IPv6 rapid deployment to tunnel IPv6 traffic from the local network through the ISP’s
IPv4 network.
6RD Type
Select Static if you have the IPv4 address of the relay server, otherwise select DHCP to
have the Device detect it automatically through DHCP.
6RD Border
Relay
Server IP
When you set the 6RD Type to Static, specify the relay server IPv4 address.
6RD IPv6
Prefix
Enter an IPv6 prefix for tunneling IPv6 traffic to the ISP’s Border Relay router and
connecting to the native IPv6 Internet.
Tunnel
The Dual Stack Lite fields display when you set the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field to IPv6 Only.
Enable Dual Stack Lite to let local computers use IPv4 through an ISP’s IPv6 network. See
Dual Stack Lite on page 78 for more information.
Enable DSLite
Enable Dual Stack Lite to let local computers use IPv4 through an ISP’s IPv6 network.
DS-Lite
Relay
Server IP
Specify the transition router’s IPv6 address.
VLAN
These fields appear when the Type is set to ADSL/VDSL over PTM.
Active
Select this option to add the VLAN tag (specified below) to the outgoing traffic through this
connection.
802.1p
IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame
that contains bits to define class of service.
Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection.
The greater the number, the higher the priority level.
802.1q
Type the VLAN ID number (from 1 to 4094) for traffic through this connection.
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Table 8 Routing Mode (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
QoS
Rate Limit
Enter the rate limit for the connection. This is the maximum transmission rate allowed for
traffic on this connection.
MTU
MTU Size
Enter the MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) size for this traffic.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the Device.
Cancel
Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
6.2.1.2 Bridge Mode
Click the Add new WAN Interface in the Network Setting > Broadband screen or the Edit icon
next to the connection you want to configure. Select Bridge as the encapsulation mode. The screen
varies depending on the interface type you select.
If you select ADSL/VDSL over PTM as the interface type, the following screen appears.
Figure 24 Bridge Mode (ADSL/VDSL over PTM)
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 9 Bridge Mode (ADSL/VDSL over PTM)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
General
Active
Select this to activate the WAN configuration settings.
Name
Enter a service name of the connection.
Type
Select ADSL/VDSL over PTM as the interface that you want to configure. The Device uses
the VDSL technology for data transmission over the DSL port.
Mode
Select Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the
connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly. If you
select Bridge, you cannot use routing functions, such as QoS, Firewall, DHCP server and
NAT on traffic from the selected LAN port(s).
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Table 9 Bridge Mode (ADSL/VDSL over PTM) (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
VLAN
This section is available only when you select ADSL/VDSL over PTM in the Type field.
Active
Select this to add the VLAN Tag (specified below) to the outgoing traffic through this
connection.
802.1p
IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame
that contains bits to define class of service.
Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection.
The greater the number, the higher the priority level.
802.1q
Type the VLAN ID number (from 0 to 4094) for traffic through this connection.
QoS
Rate Limit
Enter the rate limit for the connection. This is the maximum transmission rate allowed for
traffic on this connection.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
If you select ADSL over ATM as the interface type, the following screen appears.
Figure 25 Bridge Mode (ADSL over ATM)
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 10 Bridge Mode (ADSL over ATM)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
General
Active
Select this to activate the WAN configuration settings.
Name
Enter a service name of the connection.
Type
Select ADSL over ATM as the interface for which you want to configure here. The Device
uses the ADSL technology for data transmission over the DSL port.
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Table 10 Bridge Mode (ADSL over ATM) (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Mode
Select Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the
connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly. If you
select Bridge, you cannot use routing functions, such as QoS, Firewall, DHCP server and
NAT on traffic from the selected LAN port(s).
ATM PVC Configuration (These fields appear when the Type is set to ADSL over ATM.)
VPI
The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI
The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM
traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
DSL Link Type
This field is not editable. The selection depends on the setting in the Encapsulation field.
EoA (Ethernet over ATM) uses an Ethernet header in the packet, so that you can have
multiple services/connections over one PVC. You can set each connection to have its own
MAC address or all connections share one MAC address but use different VLAN IDs for
different services. EoA supports ENET ENCAP (IPoE), PPPoE and RFC1483/2684 bridging
encapsulation methods.
PPPoA (PPP over ATM) allows just one PPPoA connection over a PVC.
IPoA (IP over ATM) allows just one RFC 1483 routing connection over a PVC.
Encapsulation
Mode
Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. Choices
are:
•
•
•
•
Service
Category
LLC/SNAP-BRIDGING: In LCC encapsulation, bridged PDUs are encapsulated by
identifying the type of the bridged media in the SNAP header. This is available only when
you select IPoE or PPPoE in the Select DSL Link Type field.
VC/MUX: In VC multiplexing, each protocol is carried on a single ATM virtual circuit
(VC). To transport multiple protocols, the Device needs separate VCs. There is a binding
between a VC and the type of the network protocol carried on the VC. This reduces
payload overhead since there is no need to carry protocol information in each Protocol
Data Unit (PDU) payload.
LLC/ENCAPSULATION: More than one protocol can be carried over the same VC. This
is available only when you select PPPoA in the Encapsulation field.
LLC/SNAP-ROUTING: In LCC encapsulation, an IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control (LLC)
header is prefixed to each routed PDU to identify the PDUs. The LCC header can be
followed by an IEEE 802.1a SubNetwork Attachment Point (SNAP) header. This is
available only when you select IPoA in the Encapsulation field.
Select UBR Without PCR or UBR With PCR for applications that are non-time sensitive,
such as e-mail.
Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice or data
traffic.
Select Non Realtime VBR (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) for connections that do not
require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
Select Realtime VBR (real-time Variable Bit Rate) for applications with bursty connections
that require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
Peak Cell Rate
Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell Rate
(PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the PCR here.This
field is not available when you select UBR Without PCR.
Sustainable Cell
Rate
The Sustainable Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be
transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system default is 0
cells/sec.
This field is available only when you select Non Realtime VBR or Realtime VBR.
Maximum Burst
Size
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the
peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
This field is available only when you select Non Realtime VBR or Realtime VBR.
QoS
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Table 10 Bridge Mode (ADSL over ATM) (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Rate Limit
Enter the rate limit for the connection. This is the maximum transmission rate allowed for
traffic on this connection.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
6.3 The 3G Backup Screen
Use this screen to configure your 3G settings. Click Network Setting > Broadband > 3G
Backup.
Note: The actual data rate you obtain varies depending the 3G card you use, the signal
strength to the service provider’s base station, and so on.
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Figure 26 Network Setting > Broadband > 3G Backup
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 11 Network Setting > Broadband > 3G Backup
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
General
3G Backup
Select Enable to have the Device use the 3G connection as your WAN or a backup when the
wired WAN connection fails.
Ping Check
Select Enable if you want the Device to ping check the connection status of your WAN. You
can configure the frequency of the ping check and number of consecutive failures before
triggering 3G backup.
Check Cycle
Enter the frequency of the ping check in this field.
Consecutive
Fail
Enter how many consecutive failures are required before 3G backup is triggered.
Ping Default
Gateway
Select this to have the Device ping the WAN interface’s default gateway IP address.
Ping the Host
Select this to have the Device ping the particular host name or IP address you typed in this
field.
3G Connection Settings
Card
description
This field displays the manufacturer and model name of your 3G card if you inserted one in
the Device. Otherwise, it displays N/A.
Username
Type the user name (of up to 64 ASCII printable characters) given to you by your service
provider.
Password
Type the password (of up to 64 ASCII printable characters) associated with the user name
above.
PIN
A PIN (Personal Identification Number) code is a key to a 3G card. Without the PIN code,
you cannot use the 3G card.
If your ISP enabled PIN code authentication, enter the 4-digit PIN code (0000 for example)
provided by your ISP. If you enter the PIN code incorrectly, the 3G card may be blocked by
your ISP and you cannot use the account to access the Internet.
If your ISP disabled PIN code authentication, leave this field blank.
Dial string
Enter the phone number (dial string) used to dial up a connection to your service provider’s
base station. Your ISP should provide the phone number.
For example, *99# is the dial string to establish a GPRS or 3G connection in Taiwan.
APN
Enter the APN (Access Point Name) provided by your service provider. Connections with
different APNs may provide different services (such as Internet access or MMS (Multi-Media
Messaging Service)) and charge method.
You can enter up to 32 ASCII printable characters. Spaces are allowed.
Connection
Select Nailed UP if you do not want the connection to time out.
Select on Demand if you do not want the connection up all the time and specify an idle
time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.
Max Idle
Timeout
This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the Device automatically
disconnects from the ISP.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address.
Use the
following static
IP address
Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
IP Address
Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use the following static IP
address.
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Table 11 Network Setting > Broadband > 3G Backup (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Obtain DNS
info
dynamically
Select this to have the Device get the DNS server addresses from the ISP automatically.
Use the
following static
DNS IP address
Select this to have the Device use the DNS server addresses you configure manually.
Primary DNS
server
Enter the first DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
Secondary DNS
server
Enter the second DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
Advanced
Click this to show the advanced 3G backup settings.
Budget Setup
Enable Budget
Control
Select Enable to set a monthly limit for the user account of the installed 3G card. You can
set a limit on the total traffic and/or call time. The Device takes the actions you specified
when a limit is exceeded during the month.
Time Budget
Select this and specify the amount of time (in hours) that the 3G connection can be used
within one month. If you change the value after you configure and enable budget control,
the Device resets the statistics.
Data Budget
(Mbytes)
Select this and specify how much downstream and/or upstream data (in Mega bytes) can be
transmitted via the 3G connection within one month.
Select Download/Upload to set a limit on the total traffic in both directions.
Select Download to set a limit on the downstream traffic (from the ISP to the Device).
Select Upload to set a limit on the upstream traffic (from the Device to the ISP).
If you change the value after you configure and enable budget control, the Device resets the
statistics.
Data Budget
(kPackets)
Select this and specify how much downstream and/or upstream data (in k Packets) can be
transmitted via the 3G connection within one month.
Select Download/Upload to set a limit on the total traffic in both directions.
Select Download to set a limit on the downstream traffic (from the ISP to the Device).
Select Upload to set a limit on the upstream traffic (from the Device to the ISP).
If you change the value after you configure and enable budget control, the Device resets the
statistics.
Reset all
budget
counters on
Select the date on which the Device resets the budget every month. Select last if you want
the Device to reset the budget on the last day of the month. Select specific and enter the
number of the date you want the Device to reset the budget
Reset time and
data budget
counters
Click this button to reset the time and data budgets immediately. The count starts over with
the 3G connection’s full configured monthly time and data budgets. This does not affect the
normal monthly budget restart; so if you configured the time and data budget counters to
reset on the second day of the month and you use this button on the first, the time and data
budget counters will still reset on the second.
Actions before
over budget
Specify the actions the Device takes before the time or data limit exceeds.
Enable % of
time budget/
data budget
(Mbytes)/data
budget
(kPackets)
Select Enable and enter a number from 1 to 99 in the percentage fields. If you change the
value after you configure and enable budget control, the Device resets the statistics.
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Table 11 Network Setting > Broadband > 3G Backup (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Actions when
over budget
Specify the actions the Device takes when the time or data limit is exceeded.
Current 3G
connection
Select Keep to maintain an existing 3G connection or Drop to disconnect it.
Enable Email
Notification
Select this to enable the e-mail notification function. The Device will e-mail you a
notification when there over budget occurs.
Mail Server
Select a mail server for the e-mail address specified below.
If you do not select a mail server, e-mail notifications cannot be sent via e-mail. You must
have configured a mail server already in the Maintenance > Email Notification screen.
Over Budget
Email Title
Type a title that you want to be in the subject line of the e-mail notifications that the Device
sends.
Send
Notification to
Email
Notifications are sent to the e-mail address specified in this field. If this field is left blank,
notifications cannot be sent via e-mail.
Interval
Enter the interval of how many minutes you want the Device to e-mail you.
Enable Log
Select this to activate the logging function at the interval you set in this field.
Basic
Click this to hide the advanced settings of 3G backup.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the Device.
Cancel
Click Cancel to return to the previous configuration.
6.4 The Advanced Screen
Use the Advanced screen to enable or disable PTM over ADSL, Annex M, and DSL PhyR functions.
The Device supports the PhyR retransmission scheme. PhyR is a retransmission scheme designed to
provide protection against noise on the DSL line. It improves voice, video and data transmission
resilience by utilizing a retransmission buffer.
6.4.1 DSL Bonding
If the DSLAM of your ISP supports DSL bonding, you can connect the two DSL ports on the Device
to two separate telephone jacks and enable the bonding feature in the Advanced screen.
DSL signals have distance limitations. VDSL2 (profile 17a) supports greater speed but offer shorter
distances (within 3000 ft). The farther away the subscribers are from the DSLAM, the slower the
speed. VDSL (profile 12a) provides longer distance range (over 3000 ft) but at lower speeds. DSL
bonding allows subscribers to use data streams spread over two DSL lines in order to (almost)
double the speed at longer distances. You may choose to use DSL bonding if the DSLAM supports it
and there are two DSL lines to the DSLAM.
The total available bandwidth for the subscriber then becomes the sum of the bandwidth available
for each of the subscriber’s line connections. The data rate depends on the DSL type, its standard/
profile, and the standard/profile that the DSLAM supports. The table below shows the transmission
data rate for single DSL line and DSL bonding.
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Chapter 6 Broadband
Table 12 Comparison Table for Single DSL line and DSL Bonding
ITEM
PROFILE/
STANDARD
MAX.
DOWNSTREAM/
UPSTREAM
DISTANCE
VDSL2
VDSL BONDING
ADSL2+
ADSL(2+)
BONDING
G993.2 Profile 17a
G993.2 Profile 12a
G.992.5
G.992.5
100/60 Mbps
50/25 x 2 = 100/50
Mbps
25/1 Mbps
25/1 x 2 = 50/2
Mbps
within 3000 ft
over 3000 ft
over 5000 ft
5000 to 7000 ft
For a single VDSL2 line, the profile is 17a, which provides a maximum data rate of 100/60 Mbps
(downstream/upstream). A VDSL2 17a bonding profile can reach 200Mbps/100Mbps. If VDSL
bonding is used, the supported profile is 12a, which provides a maximum data rate of 50/25 Mbps
for each VDSL line. The ideal total data rate for the bonded connection is 100/50 Mbps.
For a single ADSL line, the standard with the highest data rate supported is ADSL2+, which
provides 25/1 Mbps data rate. When ADSL bonding is used, the data rate doubles to 50/2 Mbps.
In addition, DSL bonding supports ADSL bonding fallback. If a VDSL connection cannot be
established, the Device tries to use ADSL. If the VDSL connection is re-established, the Device
automatically switches back to VDSL. You must enable DSL bonding in order to use ADSL fallback.
Click Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced to display the following screen.
Figure 27 Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 13 Network Setting > Network Setting > Broadband
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
State
Select Enable to use the DSL bonding and ADSL fallback features. Make sure your ISP
supports these functions.
PTM over ADSL
Select Enable to use PTM over ADSL. Since PTM has less overhead than ATM, some ISPs
use PTM over ADSL for better performance.
Annex M
You can enable Annex M for the Device to use double upstream mode to increase the
maximum upstream transfer rate.
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Table 13 Network Setting > Network Setting > Broadband (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
PhyR US
Enable or disable PhyR US (upstream) for upstream transmission to the WAN. PhyR US
should be enabled if data being transmitted upstream is sensitive to noise. However,
enabling PhyR US can decrease the US line rate. Enabling or disabling PhyR will require the
CPE to retrain. For PhyR to function, the DSLAM must also support PhyR and have it
enabled.
PhyR DS
Enable or disable PhyR DS (downstream) for downstream transmission from the WAN.
PhyR DS should be enabled if data being transmitted downstream is sensitive to noise.
However, enabling PhyR DS can decrease the DS line rate. Enabling or disabling PhyR will
require the CPE to retrain. For PhyR to function, the DSLAM must also support PhyR and
have it enabled.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the Device.
Cancel
Click Cancel to return to the previous configuration.
6.5 The 8021x Screen
You can view and configure the 802.1x authentication settings in the 8021x screen. Click Network
Setting > Broadband > 8021x to display the following screen.
Figure 28 Network Setting > Broadband > 8021x
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 14 Network Setting > Network Setting > 8021x
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of the entry.
Status
This field displays whether the authentication is active or not. A yellow bulb signifies that
this authentication is active. A gray bulb signifies that this authentication is not active.
Interface
This is the interface that uses the authentication. This displays N/A when there is no
interface assigned.
EAP Identity
This shows the EAP identity of the authentication. This displays N/A when there is no EAP
identity assigned.
EAP method
This shows the EAP method used in the authentication. This displays N/A when there is no
EAP method assigned.
Bidirectional
Authentication
This shows whether bidirectional authentication is allowed.
Certificate
This shows the certificate used for this authentication. This displays N/A when there is no
certificate assigned.
Trusted CA
This shows the Trusted CA used for this authentication. This displays N/A when there is no
Trusted CA assigned.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes back to the Device.
Cancel
Click Cancel to return to the previous configuration.
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6.5.1 Edit 802.1x Settings
Use this screen to edit a 802.1x authentication’s settings. Click the Edit icon next to the rule you
want to edit. The screen shown next appears.
Figure 29 802.1x: Add/Edit
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 15 802.1x: Add/Edit
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Active
This field allows you to activate/deactivate the authentication.
Select this to enable the authentication. Clear this to disable this authentication without
having to delete the entry.
Interface
Select the interface that uses the authentication.
EAP Identity
Enter the EAP identity of the authentication.
EAP method
This is the EAP method used for this authentication.
Enable
Bidirectional
Authentication
Select this to allow bidirectional authentication.
Certificate
Select the certificate you want to assign to the authentication. You need to import the
certificate in the Security > Certificates > Local Certificates screen.
Trusted CA
Select the Trusted CA you want to assign to the authentication. You need to import the
certificate in the Security > Certificates > Trusted CA screen.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
6.6 Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the Device features described
in this chapter.
Encapsulation
Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The Device can work in bridge mode
or routing mode. When the Device is in routing mode, it supports the following methods.
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IP over Ethernet
IP over Ethernet (IPoE) is an alternative to PPPoE. IP packets are being delivered across an
Ethernet network, without using PPP encapsulation. They are routed between the Ethernet interface
and the WAN interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged
environment. For instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged Ethernet cells.
PPP over ATM (PPPoA)
PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA connection
functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The Device encapsulates the PPP session based on
RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) to the Internet Service
Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (digital access multiplexer). Please refer to RFC 2364 for more information
on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information on PPP.
PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) provides access control and billing functionality in a
manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard (RFC 2516) specifying how
a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem (DSL, cable, wireless, etc.)
connection.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing
access control systems (for example RADIUS).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services, a
function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and
offer new IP services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires no
specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the Device (rather than individual computers), the computers on
the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the Device does that part of the task.
Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have access.
ATM Traffic Classes
These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0
Specification.
Constant Bit Rate (CBR)
Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is being
sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for connections
that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and if traffic exceeds
this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR would be high-resolution
video and voice.
Variable Bit Rate (VBR)
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The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections that use
the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or non-real time
(VBR-nRT) connections.
The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require closely
controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a PCR is
specified) but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT connection would
be video conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers and the bandwidth
requirement varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.
The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do not
require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty" traffic typical
on LANs. PCR and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum level. An example of an
VBR-nRT connection would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.
Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)
The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR doesn't
guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare bandwidth. An
example application is background file transfer.
IP Address Assignment
A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a
different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you have
either a dynamic or static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences your choices
for IP address and default gateway.
Introduction to VLANs
A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical
networks. Devices on a logical network belong to one group. A device can belong to more than one
group. With VLAN, a device cannot directly talk to or hear from devices that are not in the same
group(s); the traffic must first go through a router.
In Multi-Tenant Unit (MTU) applications, VLAN is vital in providing isolation and security among the
subscribers. When properly configured, VLAN prevents one subscriber from accessing the network
resources of another on the same LAN, thus a user will not see the printers and hard disks of
another user in the same building.
VLAN also increases network performance by limiting broadcasts to a smaller and more
manageable logical broadcast domain. In traditional switched environments, all broadcast packets
go to each and every individual port. With VLAN, all broadcasts are confined to a specific broadcast
domain.
Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN
A tagged VLAN uses an explicit tag (VLAN ID) in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership
of a frame across bridges - they are not confined to the switch on which they were created. The
VLANs can be created statically by hand or dynamically through GVRP. The VLAN ID associates a
frame with a specific VLAN and provides the information that switches need to process the frame
across the network. A tagged frame is four bytes longer than an untagged frame and contains two
bytes of TPID (Tag Protocol Identifier), residing within the type/length field of the Ethernet frame)
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and two bytes of TCI (Tag Control Information), starts after the source address field of the Ethernet
frame).
The CFI (Canonical Format Indicator) is a single-bit flag, always set to zero for Ethernet switches. If
a frame received at an Ethernet port has a CFI set to 1, then that frame should not be forwarded as
it is to an untagged port. The remaining twelve bits define the VLAN ID, giving a possible maximum
number of 4,096 VLANs. Note that user priority and VLAN ID are independent of each other. A
frame with VID (VLAN Identifier) of null (0) is called a priority frame, meaning that only the priority
level is significant and the default VID of the ingress port is given as the VID of the frame. Of the
4096 possible VIDs, a VID of 0 is used to identify priority frames and value 4095 (FFF) is reserved,
so the maximum possible VLAN configurations are 4,094.
TPID
User Priority
CFI
VLAN ID
2 Bytes
3 Bits
1 Bit
12 Bits
Multicast
IP packets are transmitted in either one of two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient) or Broadcast
(1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the
network - not everybody and not just 1.
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership
in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an
improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to
read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please
see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be
in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address 224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group
and is used by IP multicast computers. The address 224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is
assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts (including gateways). All hosts must join the
224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP. The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast
routers group.
At start up, the Device queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership. After
that, the Device periodically updates this information.
DNS Server Address Assignment
Use Domain Name System (DNS) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice
versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely
important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access
it.
The Device can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you
sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, manually enter them in the DNS server fields.
If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses (along with the Device’s WAN IP
address), set the DNS server fields to get the DNS server address from the ISP.
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IPv6 Addressing
The 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This
is an example IPv6 address 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000.
IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:
• Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000 can
be written as 2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0.
• Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double colon can
only appear once in an IPv6 address. So 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015 can be
written as 2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015,
2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15 or 2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15.
IPv6 Prefix and Prefix Length
Similar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An
IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address
compose the network address. The prefix length is written as “/x” where x is a number. For
example,
2001:db8:1a2b:15::1a2f:0/32
means that the first 32 bits (2001:db8) is the subnet prefix.
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Wireless
7.1 Overview
This chapter describes the Device’s Network Setting > Wireless screens. Use these screens to
set up your Device’s wireless connection.
7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
This section describes the Device’s Wireless screens. Use these screens to set up your Device’s
wireless connection.
• Use the General screen to enable the Wireless LAN, enter the SSID and select the wireless
security mode (Section 7.2 on page 102).
• Use the More AP screen to set up multiple wireless networks on your Device (Section 7.3 on
page 109).
• Use the MAC Authentication screen to allow or deny wireless clients based on their MAC
addresses from connecting to the Device (Section 7.4 on page 111).
• Use the WPS screen to enable or disable WPS, view or generate a security PIN (Personal
Identification Number) (Section 7.5 on page 112).
• Use the WMM screen to enable Wi-Fi MultiMedia (WMM) to ensure quality of service in wireless
networks for multimedia applications (Section 7.6 on page 114).
• Use the WDS screen to set up a Wireless Distribution System, in which the Device acts as a
bridge with other ZyXEL access points (Section 7.7 on page 114).
• Use the Others screen to configure wireless advanced features, such as the RTS/CTS Threshold
(Section 7.8 on page 116).
• Use the Channel Status screen to scan wireless LAN channel noises and view the results
(Section 7.9 on page 118).
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7.1.2 What You Need to Know
Wireless Basics
“Wireless” is essentially radio communication. In the same way that walkie-talkie radios send and
receive information over the airwaves, wireless networking devices exchange information with one
another. A wireless networking device is just like a radio that lets your computer exchange
information with radios attached to other computers. Like walkie-talkies, most wireless networking
devices operate at radio frequency bands that are open to the public and do not require a license to
use. However, wireless networking is different from that of most traditional radio communications in
that there a number of wireless networking standards available with different methods of data
encryption.
Finding Out More
See Section 7.10 on page 118 for advanced technical information on wireless networks.
7.2 The General Screen
Use this screen to enable the Wireless LAN, enter the SSID and select the wireless security mode.
Note: If you are configuring the Device from a computer connected to the wireless LAN
and you change the Device’s SSID, channel or security settings, you will lose your
wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must then change the
wireless settings of your computer to match the Device’s new settings.
Click Network Setting > Wireless to open the General screen.
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Figure 30 Network Setting > Wireless > General
The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen.
Table 16 Network Setting > Wireless > General
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Wireless Network Setup
Wireless
You can Enable or Disable the wireless LAN in this field.
Band
This shows the wireless band which this radio profile is using. 2.4GHz is the frequency used
by IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless clients.
Channel
Set the channel depending on your particular region.
Select a channel or use Auto to have the Device automatically determine a channel to use.
If you are having problems with wireless interference, changing the channel may help. Try
to use a channel that is as many channels away from any channels used by neighboring APs
as possible. The channel number which the Device is currently using then displays next to
this field.
more.../less
Click more... to show more information. Click less to hide them.
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Table 16 Network Setting > Wireless > General (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Bandwidth
Select whether the Device uses a wireless channel width of 20MHz or 40MHz.
A standard 20MHz channel offers transfer speeds of up to 150Mbps whereas a 40MHz
channel uses two standard channels and offers speeds of up to 300 Mbps.
40MHz (channel bonding or dual channel) bonds two adjacent radio channels to increase
throughput. The wireless clients must also support 40 MHz. It is often better to use the 20
MHz setting in a location where the environment hinders the wireless signal.
Select 20MHz if you want to lessen radio interference with other wireless devices in your
neighborhood or the wireless clients do not support channel bonding.
Control
Sideband
This is available for some regions when you select a specific channel and set the Bandwidth
field to 40MHz. Set whether the control channel (set in the Channel field) should be in the
Lower or Upper range of channel bands.
Passphrase
Type
If you set security for the wireless LAN and have the Device generate a password, the
setting in this field determines how the Device generates the password.
Select None to set the Device’s password generation to not be based on a passphrase.
Select Fixed to use a 16 character passphrase for generating a password.
Select Variable to use a 16 to 63 character passphrase for generating a password.
Passphrase Key
For a fixed type passphrase enter 16 alphanumeric characters (0-9, A-Z, with no spaces). It
must contain both letters and numbers and is case-sensitive.
For a variable type passphrase enter 16 to 63 alphanumeric characters (0-9, A-Z, with no
spaces). It must contain both letters and numbers and is case-sensitive.
Wireless Network Settings
Wireless
Network Name
(SSID)
The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the service set with which a wireless device is
associated. Wireless devices associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID.
Hide SSID
Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot
obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Client Isolation
Select this to keep the wireless clients in this SSID from communicating with each other
through the Device.
MBSSID/LAN
Isolation
Select this to keep the wireless clients in this SSID from communicating with clients in other
SSIDs or wired LAN devices through the Device.
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 English keyboard characters) for the wireless LAN.
Select both Client Isolation and MBSSID/LAN Isolation to allow this SSID’s wireless
clients to only connect to the Internet through the Device.
Enhanced
Multicast
Forwarding
Select this check box to allow the Device to convert wireless multicast traffic into wireless
unicast traffic.
BSSID
This shows the MAC address of the wireless interface on the Device when wireless LAN is
enabled.
Maximum
Bandwidth
Specify the maximum rate for wireless traffic in kilobits per second (Kbps).
Security Level
Security Mode
Select Basic (WEP) or More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK, WPA(2)) to add security on this
wireless network. The wireless clients which want to associate to this network must have
same wireless security settings as the Device. When you select to use a security, additional
options appears in this screen.
Or you can select No Security to allow any client to associate this network without any data
encryption or authentication.
See the following sections for more details about this field.
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Table 16 Network Setting > Wireless > General (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
7.2.1 No Security
Select No Security to allow wireless stations to communicate with the access points without any
data encryption or authentication.
Note: If you do not enable any wireless security on your Device, your network is
accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.
Figure 31 Wireless > General: No Security
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 17 Wireless > General: No Security
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Level
Choose No Security to allow all wireless connections without data encryption or
authentication.
7.2.2 Basic (WEP Encryption)
WEP encryption scrambles the data transmitted between the wireless stations and the access points
(AP) to keep network communications private. Both the wireless stations and the access points
must use the same WEP key.
Note: WEP is extremely insecure. Its encryption can be broken by an attacker, using
widely-available software. It is strongly recommended that you use a more
effective security mechanism. Use the strongest security mechanism that all the
wireless devices in your network support. For example, use WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK
if all your wireless devices support it, or use WPA or WPA2 if your wireless devices
support it and you have a RADIUS server. If your wireless devices support nothing
stronger than WEP, use the highest encryption level available.
Your Device allows you to configure up to four 64-bit or 128-bit WEP keys but only one key can be
enabled at any one time.
In order to configure and enable WEP encryption, click Network Setting > Wireless to display the
General screen, then select Basic as the security level.
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Figure 32 Wireless > General: Basic (WEP)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 18 Wireless > General: Basic (WEP)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Level
Select Basic to enable WEP data encryption.
Generate
password
automatically
Select this option to have the Device automatically generate a password. The password field
will not be configurable when you select this option.
Password 1~4
The password (WEP keys) are used to encrypt data. Both the Device and the wireless
stations must use the same password (WEP key) for data transmission.
If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters
("0-9", "A-F").
If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters
("0-9", "A-F").
You must configure at least one password, only one password can be activated at any one
time. The default password is Passowrd 1.
more.../less
Click more... to show more fields in this section. Click less to hide them.
WEP Encryption
Select 64-bits or 128-bits.
This dictates the length of the security key that the network is going to use.
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7.2.3 More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK)
The WPA-PSK security mode provides both improved data encryption and user authentication over
WEP. Using a Pre-Shared Key (PSK), both the Device and the connecting client share a common
password in order to validate the connection. This type of encryption, while robust, is not as strong
as WPA, WPA2 or even WPA2-PSK. The WPA2-PSK security mode is a newer, more robust version of
the WPA encryption standard. It offers slightly better security, although the use of PSK makes it
less robust than it could be.
Click Network Setting > Wireless to display the General screen. Select More Secure as the
security level. Then select WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK from the Security Mode list.
Figure 33 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA(2)-PSK
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 19 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA(2)-PSK
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Level
Select More Secure to enable WPA(2)-PSK data encryption.
Security Mode
Select WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK from the drop-down list box.
Generate
password
automatically
Select this option to have the Device automatically generate a password. The password field
will not be configurable when you select this option.
Password
The encryption mechanisms used for WPA(2) and WPA(2)-PSK are the same. The only
difference between the two is that WPA(2)-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of
user-specific credentials.
If you did not select Generate password automatically, you can manually type a preshared key from 8 to 64 case-sensitive keyboard characters.
more.../less
Click more... to show more fields in this section. Click less to hide them.
WPA-PSK
Compatible
This field appears when you choose WPA-PSK2 as the Security Mode.
Check this field to allow wireless devices using WPA-PSK security mode to connect to your
Device. The Device supports WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK simultaneously.
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Table 19 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA(2)-PSK (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Encryption
Select the encryption type (AES or TKIP+AES) for data encryption.
Select AES if your wireless clients can all use AES.
Select TKIP+AES to allow the wireless clients to use either TKIP or AES.
Group Key
Update Timer
The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the RADIUS server sends a new group
key out to all clients.
7.2.4 WPA(2) Authentication
The WPA2 security mode is currently the most robust form of encryption for wireless networks. It
requires a RADIUS server to authenticate user credentials and is a full implementation the security
protocol. Use this security option for maximum protection of your network. However, it is the least
backwards compatible with older devices.
The WPA security mode is a security subset of WPA2. It requires the presence of a RADIUS server
on your network in order to validate user credentials. This encryption standard is slightly older than
WPA2 and therefore is more compatible with older devices.
Click Network Setting > Wireless to display the General screen. Select More Secure as the
security level. Then select WPA or WPA2 from the Security Mode list.
Figure 34 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA(2)
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 20 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA(2)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Security Level
Select More Secure to enable WPA(2)-PSK data encryption.
Security Mode
Choose WPA or WPA2 from the drop-down list box.
Authentication Server
IP Address
Enter the IP address of the external authentication server in dotted decimal notation.
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Table 20 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA(2) (continued)
LABEL
Port
Number
DESCRIPTION
Enter the port number of the external authentication server. The default port number is
1812.
You need not change this value unless your network administrator instructs you to do so
with additional information.
Shared
Secret
Enter a password (up to 31 alphanumeric characters) as the key to be shared between the
external authentication server and the Device.
The key must be the same on the external authentication server and your Device. The key is
not sent over the network.
more.../less
Click more... to show more fields in this section. Click less to hide them.
WPA
Compatible
This field is only available for WPA2. Select this if you want the Device to support WPA and
WPA2 simultaneously.
Encryption
Select the encryption type (AES or TKIP+AES) for data encryption.
Select AES if your wireless clients can all use AES.
Select TKIP+AES to allow the wireless clients to use either TKIP or AES.
WPA2 PreAuthentication
Network Reauth Interval
This field is available only when you select WPA2.
Pre-authentication enables fast roaming by allowing the wireless client (already connecting
to an AP) to perform IEEE 802.1x authentication with another AP before connecting to it.
Select Enabled to turn on preauthentication in WAP2. Otherwise, select Disabled.
Specify how often wireless stations have to resend usernames and passwords in order to
stay connected.
If wireless station authentication is done using a RADIUS server, the reauthentication timer
on the RADIUS server has priority.
Group Key
Update Timer
The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the RADIUS server sends a new group
key out to all clients.
7.3 The More AP Screen
This screen is not applicable to VMG4381.
This screen allows you to enable and configure multiple Basic Service Sets (BSSs) on the Device.
Click Network Setting > Wireless > More AP. The following screen displays.
Figure 35 Network Setting > Wireless > More AP
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 21 Network Setting > Wireless > More AP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
This is the index number of the entry.
Status
This field indicates whether this SSID is active. A yellow bulb signifies that this SSID is
active. A gray bulb signifies that this SSID is not active.
SSID
An SSID profile is the set of parameters relating to one of the Device’s BSSs. The SSID
(Service Set IDentifier) identifies the Service Set with which a wireless device is associated.
This field displays the name of the wireless profile on the network. When a wireless client
scans for an AP to associate with, this is the name that is broadcast and seen in the wireless
client utility.
Security
This field indicates the security mode of the SSID profile.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to configure the SSID profile.
7.3.1 Edit More AP
This screen is not applicable to VMG4381. Use this screen to edit an SSID profile. Click the Edit icon
next to an SSID in the More AP screen. The following screen displays.
Figure 36 More AP: Edit
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 22 More AP: Edit
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Wireless Network Setup
Wireless
You can Enable or Disable the wireless LAN in this field.
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Table 22 More AP: Edit (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Passphrase
Type
If you set security for the wireless LAN and have the Device generate a password, the
setting in this field determines how the Device generates the password.
Select None to set the Device’s password generation to not be based on a passphrase.
Select Fixed to use a 16 character passphrase for generating a password.
Select Variable to use a 16 to 63 character passphrase for generating a password.
Passphrase Key
For a fixed type passphrase enter 16 alphanumeric characters (0-9, A-Z, with no spaces). It
must contain both letters and numbers and is case-sensitive.
For a variable type passphrase enter 16 to 63 alphanumeric characters (0-9, A-Z, with no
spaces). It must contain both letters and numbers and is case-sensitive.
Wireless Network Settings
Wireless
Network Name
(SSID)
The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the service set with which a wireless device is
associated. Wireless devices associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID.
Hide SSID
Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot
obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Client Isolation
Select this to keep the wireless clients in this SSID from communicating with each other.
MBSSID/LAN
Isolation
Select this to keep the wireless clients in this SSID from communicating with clients in other
SSIDs or LAN devices.
Enhanced
Multicast
Forwarding
Select this check box to allow the Device to convert wireless multicast traffic into wireless
unicast traffic.
Maximum
Bandwidth
Specify the maximum rate for wireless traffic in kilobits per second (Kbps).
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 English keyboard characters) for the wireless LAN.
Security Level
Security Mode
Select Basic (WEP) or More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK, WPA(2)) to add security on this
wireless network. The wireless clients which want to associate to this network must have
same wireless security settings as the Device. After you select to use a security, additional
options appears in this screen.
Or you can select No Security to allow any client to associate this network without any data
encryption or authentication.
See Section 7.2.1 on page 105 for more details about this field.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
7.4 MAC Authentication
This screen allows you to configure the ZyXEL Device to give exclusive access to specific devices
(Allow) or exclude specific devices from accessing the ZyXEL Device (Deny). Every Ethernet
device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the
factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. You
need to know the MAC addresses of the devices to configure this screen.
Use this screen to view your Device’s MAC filter settings and add new MAC filter rules. Click
Network Setting > Wireless > MAC Authentication. The screen appears as shown.
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Figure 37 Wireless > MAC Authentication
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 23 Wireless > MAC Authentication
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
SSID
Select the SSID for which you want to configure MAC filter settings.
MAC Restrict
Mode
Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC Address table.
Select Disable to turn off MAC filtering.
Select Deny to block access to the Device. MAC addresses not listed will be allowed to
access the Device.
Select Allow to permit access to the Device. MAC addresses not listed will be denied access
to the Device.
Add new MAC
address
Click this if you want to add a new MAC address entry to the MAC filter list below.
Enter the MAC addresses of the wireless devices that are allowed or denied access to the
Device in these address fields. Enter the MAC addresses in a valid MAC address format, that
is, six hexadecimal character pairs, for example, 12:34:56:78:9a:bc.
This is the index number of the entry.
MAC Address
This is the MAC addresses of the wireless devices that are allowed or denied access to the
Device.
Modify
Click the Delete icon to delete the entry.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
7.5 The WPS Screen
Use this screen to configure WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) on your Device.
WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to
configure security settings manually. Set up each WPS connection between two devices. Both
devices must support WPS. See Section 7.10.9.3 on page 127 for more information about WPS.
Note: The Device applies the security settings of the SSID1 profile (see Section 7.2 on
page 102). If you want to use the WPS feature, make sure you have set the
security mode of SSID1 to WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK or No Security.
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Click Network Setting > Wireless > WPS. The following screen displays. Select Enable and click
Apply to activate the WPS function. Then you can configure the WPS settings in this screen.
Figure 38 Network Setting > Wireless > WPS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 24 Network Setting > Wireless > WPS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WPS
Select Enable to activate WPS on the Device.
Method 1
Use this section to set up a WPS wireless network using Push Button Configuration (PBC).
Connect
Click this button to add another WPS-enabled wireless device (within wireless range of the
Device) to your wireless network. This button may either be a physical button on the
outside of device, or a menu button similar to the Connect button on this screen.
Note: You must press the other wireless device’s WPS button within two minutes of pressing
this button.
Method 2
Register
Use this section to set up a WPS wireless network by entering the PIN of the client into the
Device.
Enter the PIN of the device that you are setting up a WPS connection with and click
Register to authenticate and add the wireless device to your wireless network.
You can find the PIN either on the outside of the device, or by checking the device’s
settings.
Note: You must also activate WPS on that device within two minutes to have it present its PIN
to the Device.
Method 3
Use this section to set up a WPS wireless network by entering the PIN of the Device into the
client.
Release
Configuratio
The default WPS status is configured.
Generate
New PIN
Number
The PIN (Personal Identification Number) of the Device is shown here. Enter this PIN in the
configuration utility of the device you want to connect to using WPS.
Click this button to remove all configured wireless and wireless security settings for WPS
connections on the Device.
The PIN is not necessary when you use WPS push-button method.
Click the Generate New PIN Number button to have the Device create a new PIN.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
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7.6 The WMM Screen
Use this screen to enable Wi-Fi MultiMedia (WMM) and WMM Power Save in wireless networks for
multimedia applications.
Click Network Setting > Wireless > WMM. The following screen displays.
Figure 39 Network Setting > Wireless > WMM
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 25 Network Setting > Wireless > WMM
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
WMM
Select On to have the Device automatically give a service a priority level according to the
ToS value in the IP header of packets it sends. WMM QoS (Wifi MultiMedia Quality of
Service) gives high priority to voice and video, which makes them run more smoothly.
WMM
Automatic
Power Save
Delivery
Select this option to extend the battery life of your mobile devices (especially useful for
small devices that are running multimedia applications). The Device goes to sleep mode to
save power when it is not transmitting data. The AP buffers the packets sent to the Device
until the Device "wakes up". The Device wakes up periodically to check for incoming data.
Note: Note: This works only if the wireless device to which the Device is connected also
supports this feature.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
7.7 The WDS Screen
An AP using the Wireless Distribution System (WDS) can function as a wireless network bridge
allowing you to wirelessly connect two wired network segments. The WDS screen allows you to
configure the Device to connect to two or more APs wirelessly when WDS is enabled.
Use this screen to set up your WDS (Wireless Distribution System) links between the Device and
other wireless APs. You need to know the MAC address of the peer device. Once the security
settings of peer sides match one another, the connection between devices is made.
Note: WDS security is independent of the security settings between the Device and any
wireless clients.
Note: At the time of writing, WDS is compatible with other ZyXEL APs only. Not all models
support WDS links. Check your other AP’s documentation.
Click Network Setting > Wireless > WDS. The following screen displays.
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Figure 40 Network Setting > Wireless > WDS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 26 Network Setting > Wireless > WDS
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Wireless Bridge Setup
AP Mode
Select the operating mode for your Device.
•
•
Bridge Restrict
Access Point - The Device functions as a bridge and access point simultaneously.
Wireless Bridge - The Device acts as a wireless network bridge and establishes
wireless links with other APs. In this mode, clients cannot connect to the Device
wirelessly.
This field is available only when you set operating mode to Access Point.
Select Enabled to turn on WDS and enter the peer device’s MAC address manually in the
table below. Select Disable to turn off WDS.
Remote Bridge
MAC Address
You can enter the MAC address of the peer device by clicking the Edit icon under Modify.
This is the index number of the entry.
MAC Address
This shows the MAC address of the peer device.
You can connect to up to 4 peer devices.
Modify
Click the Edit icon and type the MAC address of the peer device in a valid MAC address
format (six hexadecimal character pairs, for example 12:34:56:78:9a:bc).
Click the Delete icon to remove this entry.
Scan
Click the Scan icon to search and display the available APs within range.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
7.7.1 WDS Scan
You can click the Scan icon in Wireless > WDS to have the Device automatically search and
display the available APs within range. Select an AP and click Apply to have the Device establish a
wireless link with the selected wireless device.
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Figure 41 WDS: Scan
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 27 WDS: Scan
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Wireless Bridge Scan Setup
Refresh
Click Refresh to update the table.
This is the index number of the entry.
SSID
This shows the SSID of the available wireless device within range.
BSSID
This shows the MAC address of the available wireless device within range.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
7.8 The Others Screen
Use this screen to configure advanced wireless settings. Click Network Setting > Wireless >
Others. The screen appears as shown.
See Section 7.10.2 on page 120 for detailed definitions of the terms listed in this screen.
Figure 42 Network Setting > Wireless > Others
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 28 Network Setting > Wireless > Others
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
RTS/CTS
Threshold
Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS
(Clear To Send) handshake.
Enter a value between 0 and 2347.
Fragmentation
Threshold
This is the maximum data fragment size that can be sent. Enter a value between 256 and
2346.
Auto Channel
Timer
If you set the channel to Auto in the Network Setting > Wireless > General screen,
specify the interval in minutes for how often the Device scans for the best channel. Enter 0
to disable the periodical scan.
Output Power
Set the output power of the Device. If there is a high density of APs in an area, decrease
the output power to reduce interference with other APs. Select one of the following: 20%,
40%, 60%, 80% or 100%.
Beacon Interval
When a wirelessly networked device sends a beacon, it includes with it a beacon interval.
This specifies the time period before the device sends the beacon again.
The interval tells receiving devices on the network how long they can wait in low power
mode before waking up to handle the beacon. This value can be set from20ms to 1000ms.
A high value helps save current consumption of the access point.
DTIM Interval
Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM) is the time period after which broadcast and
multicast packets are transmitted to mobile clients in the Power Saving mode. A high DTIM
value can cause clients to lose connectivity with the network. This value can be set from 1
to 100.
802.11 Mode
Select 802.11b Only to allow only IEEE 802.11b compliant WLAN devices to associate with
the Device.
Select 802.11g Only to allow only IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN devices to associate with
the Device.
Select 802.11n Only to allow only IEEE 802.11n compliant WLAN devices to associate with
the Device.
Select 802.11b/g Mixed to allow either IEEE 802.11b or IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN
devices to associate with the Device. The transmission rate of your Device might be
reduced.
Select 802.11b/g/n Mixed to allow IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g or IEEE802.11n
compliant WLAN devices to associate with the Device. The transmission rate of your Device
might be reduced.
802.11
Protection
Enabling this feature can help prevent collisions in mixed-mode networks (networks with
both IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g traffic).
Select Auto to have the wireless devices transmit data after a RTS/CTS handshake. This
helps improve IEEE 802.11g performance.
Select Off to disable 802.11 protection. The transmission rate of your Device might be
reduced in a mixed-mode network.
This field displays Off and is not configurable when you set 802.11 Mode to 802.11b
Only.
Preamble
Select a preamble type from the drop-down list box. Choices are Long or Short. See
Section 7.10.7 on page 124 for more information.
This field is configurable only when you set 802.11 Mode to 802.11b.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
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7.9 The Channel Status Screen
Use the Channel Status screen to scan wireless LAN channel noises and view the results. Click
Network Setting > Wireless > Channel Status. The screen appears as shown. Click Scan to
scan the wireless LAN channels. You can view the results in the Channel Scan Result section.
Figure 43 Network Setting > Wireless > Channel Status
7.10 Technical Reference
This section discusses wireless LANs in depth. For more information, see Appendix D on page 331.
7.10.1 Wireless Network Overview
Wireless networks consist of wireless clients, access points and bridges.
• A wireless client is a radio connected to a user’s computer.
• An access point is a radio with a wired connection to a network, which can connect with
numerous wireless clients and let them access the network.
• A bridge is a radio that relays communications between access points and wireless clients,
extending a network’s range.
Traditionally, a wireless network operates in one of two ways.
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• An “infrastructure” type of network has one or more access points and one or more wireless
clients. The wireless clients connect to the access points.
• An “ad-hoc” type of network is one in which there is no access point. Wireless clients connect to
one another in order to exchange information.
The following figure provides an example of a wireless network.
Figure 44 Example of a Wireless Network
The wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network, devices A and B use the
access point (AP) to interact with the other devices (such as the printer) or with the Internet. Your
Device is the AP.
Every wireless network must follow these basic guidelines.
• Every device in the same wireless network must use the same SSID.
The SSID is the name of the wireless network. It stands for Service Set IDentifier.
• If two wireless networks overlap, they should use a different channel.
Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific channel, or
frequency, to send and receive information.
• Every device in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the AP.
Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also protect the
information that is sent in the wireless network.
Radio Channels
In the radio spectrum, there are certain frequency bands allocated for unlicensed, civilian use. For
the purposes of wireless networking, these bands are divided into numerous channels. This allows a
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variety of networks to exist in the same place without interfering with one another. When you
create a network, you must select a channel to use.
Since the available unlicensed spectrum varies from one country to another, the number of
available channels also varies.
7.10.2 Additional Wireless Terms
The following table describes some wireless network terms and acronyms used in the Device’s Web
Configurator.
Table 29 Additional Wireless Terms
TERM
DESCRIPTION
RTS/CTS Threshold
In a wireless network which covers a large area, wireless devices are sometimes not
aware of each other’s presence. This may cause them to send information to the AP
at the same time and result in information colliding and not getting through.
By setting this value lower than the default value, the wireless devices must
sometimes get permission to send information to the Device. The lower the value, the
more often the devices must get permission.
If this value is greater than the fragmentation threshold value (see below), then
wireless devices never have to get permission to send information to the Device.
Preamble
A preamble affects the timing in your wireless network. There are two preamble
modes: long and short. If a device uses a different preamble mode than the Device
does, it cannot communicate with the Device.
Authentication
The process of verifying whether a wireless device is allowed to use the wireless
network.
Fragmentation
Threshold
A small fragmentation threshold is recommended for busy networks, while a larger
threshold provides faster performance if the network is not very busy.
7.10.3 Wireless Security Overview
By their nature, radio communications are simple to intercept. For wireless data networks, this
means that anyone within range of a wireless network without security can not only read the data
passing over the airwaves, but also join the network. Once an unauthorized person has access to
the network, he or she can steal information or introduce malware (malicious software) intended to
compromise the network. For these reasons, a variety of security systems have been developed to
ensure that only authorized people can use a wireless data network, or understand the data carried
on it.
These security standards do two things. First, they authenticate. This means that only people
presenting the right credentials (often a username and password, or a “key” phrase) can access the
network. Second, they encrypt. This means that the information sent over the air is encoded. Only
people with the code key can understand the information, and only people who have been
authenticated are given the code key.
These security standards vary in effectiveness. Some can be broken, such as the old Wired
Equivalent Protocol (WEP). Using WEP is better than using no security at all, but it will not keep a
determined attacker out. Other security standards are secure in themselves but can be broken if a
user does not use them properly. For example, the WPA-PSK security standard is very secure if you
use a long key which is difficult for an attacker’s software to guess - for example, a twenty-letter
long string of apparently random numbers and letters - but it is not very secure if you use a short
key which is very easy to guess - for example, a three-letter word from the dictionary.
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Because of the damage that can be done by a malicious attacker, it’s not just people who have
sensitive information on their network who should use security. Everybody who uses any wireless
network should ensure that effective security is in place.
A good way to come up with effective security keys, passwords and so on is to use obscure
information that you personally will easily remember, and to enter it in a way that appears random
and does not include real words. For example, if your mother owns a 1970 Dodge Challenger and
her favorite movie is Vanishing Point (which you know was made in 1971) you could use
“70dodchal71vanpoi” as your security key.
The following sections introduce different types of wireless security you can set up in the wireless
network.
7.10.3.1 SSID
Normally, the Device acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area. You can hide
the SSID instead, in which case the Device does not broadcast the SSID. In addition, you should
change the default SSID to something that is difficult to guess.
This type of security is fairly weak, however, because there are ways for unauthorized wireless
devices to get the SSID. In addition, unauthorized wireless devices can still see the information that
is sent in the wireless network.
7.10.3.2 MAC Address Filter
Every device that can use a wireless network has a unique identification number, called a MAC
address.1 A MAC address is usually written using twelve hexadecimal characters2; for example,
00A0C5000002 or 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. To get the MAC address for each device in the wireless
network, see the device’s User’s Guide or other documentation.
You can use the MAC address filter to tell the Device which devices are allowed or not allowed to
use the wireless network. If a device is allowed to use the wireless network, it still has to have the
correct information (SSID, channel, and security). If a device is not allowed to use the wireless
network, it does not matter if it has the correct information.
This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless network.
Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized wireless devices to get the MAC address of an
authorized device. Then, they can use that MAC address to use the wireless network.
7.10.3.3 User Authentication
Authentication is the process of verifying whether a wireless device is allowed to use the wireless
network. You can make every user log in to the wireless network before using it. However, every
device in the wireless network has to support IEEE 802.1x to do this.
For wireless networks, you can store the user names and passwords for each user in a RADIUS
server. This is a server used in businesses more than in homes. If you do not have a RADIUS server,
you cannot set up user names and passwords for your users.
Unauthorized wireless devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network,
even if they cannot use the wireless network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized
1.
Some wireless devices, such as scanners, can detect wireless networks but cannot use wireless networks. These kinds
of wireless devices might not have MAC addresses.
2.
Hexadecimal characters are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.
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wireless users to get a valid user name and password. Then, they can use that user name and
password to use the wireless network.
7.10.3.4 Encryption
Wireless networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the wireless
network. Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret code, you cannot
understand the message.
The types of encryption you can choose depend on the type of authentication. (See Section
7.10.3.3 on page 121 for information about this.)
Table 30 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication
Weakest
NO AUTHENTICATION
RADIUS SERVER
No Security
WPA
Static WEP
WPA-PSK
Strongest
WPA2-PSK
WPA2
For example, if the wireless network has a RADIUS server, you can choose WPA or WPA2. If users
do not log in to the wireless network, you can choose no encryption, Static WEP, WPA-PSK, or
WPA2-PSK.
Usually, you should set up the strongest encryption that every device in the wireless network
supports. For example, suppose you have a wireless network with the Device and you do not have
a RADIUS server. Therefore, there is no authentication. Suppose the wireless network has two
devices. Device A only supports WEP, and device B supports WEP and WPA. Therefore, you should
set up Static WEP in the wireless network.
Note: It is recommended that wireless networks use WPA-PSK, WPA, or stronger
encryption. The other types of encryption are better than none at all, but it is still
possible for unauthorized wireless devices to figure out the original information
pretty quickly.
When you select WPA2 or WPA2-PSK in your Device, you can also select an option (WPA
compatible) to support WPA as well. In this case, if some of the devices support WPA and some
support WPA2, you should set up WPA2-PSK or WPA2 (depending on the type of wireless network
login) and select the WPA compatible option in the Device.
Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the wireless network. The longer
the key, the stronger the encryption. Every device in the wireless network must have the same key.
7.10.4 Signal Problems
Because wireless networks are radio networks, their signals are subject to limitations of distance,
interference and absorption.
Problems with distance occur when the two radios are too far apart. Problems with interference
occur when other radio waves interrupt the data signal. Interference may come from other radio
transmissions, such as military or air traffic control communications, or from machines that are
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coincidental emitters such as electric motors or microwaves. Problems with absorption occur when
physical objects (such as thick walls) are between the two radios, muffling the signal.
7.10.5 BSS
A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless stations or between a
wireless station and a wired network client go through one access point (AP).
Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless stations in the BSS. When Intra-BSS traffic blocking is
disabled, wireless station A and B can access the wired network and communicate with each other.
When Intra-BSS traffic blocking is enabled, wireless station A and B can still access the wired
network but cannot communicate with each other.
Figure 45 Basic Service set
7.10.6 MBSSID
Traditionally, you need to use different APs to configure different Basic Service Sets (BSSs). As well
as the cost of buying extra APs, there is also the possibility of channel interference. The Device’s
MBSSID (Multiple Basic Service Set IDentifier) function allows you to use one access point to
provide several BSSs simultaneously. You can then assign varying QoS priorities and/or security
modes to different SSIDs.
Wireless devices can use different BSSIDs to associate with the same AP.
7.10.6.1 Notes on Multiple BSSs
• A maximum of eight BSSs are allowed on one AP simultaneously.
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• You must use different keys for different BSSs. If two wireless devices have different BSSIDs
(they are in different BSSs), but have the same keys, they may hear each other’s
communications (but not communicate with each other).
• MBSSID should not replace but rather be used in conjunction with 802.1x security.
7.10.7 Preamble Type
Preamble is used to signal that data is coming to the receiver. Short and long refer to the length of
the synchronization field in a packet.
Short preamble increases performance as less time sending preamble means more time for sending
data. All IEEE 802.11 compliant wireless adapters support long preamble, but not all support short
preamble.
Use long preamble if you are unsure what preamble mode other wireless devices on the network
support, and to provide more reliable communications in busy wireless networks.
Use short preamble if you are sure all wireless devices on the network support it, and to provide
more efficient communications.
Use the dynamic setting to automatically use short preamble when all wireless devices on the
network support it, otherwise the Device uses long preamble.
Note: The wireless devices MUST use the same preamble mode in order to communicate.
7.10.8 Wireless Distribution System (WDS)
The Device can act as a wireless network bridge and establish WDS (Wireless Distribution System)
links with other APs. You need to know the MAC addresses of the APs you want to link to. Once the
security settings of peer sides match one another, the connection between devices is made.
At the time of writing, WDS security is compatible with other ZyXEL access points only. Refer to
your other access point’s documentation for details.
The following figure illustrates how WDS link works between APs. Notebook computer A is a
wireless client connecting to access point AP 1. AP 1 has no wired Internet connection, but it can
establish a WDS link with access point AP 2, which has a wired Internet connection. When AP 1
has a WDS link with AP 2, the notebook computer can access the Internet through AP 2.
Figure 46 WDS Link Example
WDS
AP 1
AP 2
7.10.9 WiFi Protected Setup (WPS)
Your Device supports WiFi Protected Setup (WPS), which is an easy way to set up a secure wireless
network. WPS is an industry standard specification, defined by the WiFi Alliance.
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WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to
configure security settings manually. Each WPS connection works between two devices. Both
devices must support WPS (check each device’s documentation to make sure).
Depending on the devices you have, you can either press a button (on the device itself, or in its
configuration utility) or enter a PIN (a unique Personal Identification Number that allows one device
to authenticate the other) in each of the two devices. When WPS is activated on a device, it has two
minutes to find another device that also has WPS activated. Then, the two devices connect and set
up a secure network by themselves.
7.10.9.1 Push Button Configuration
WPS Push Button Configuration (PBC) is initiated by pressing a button on each WPS-enabled
device, and allowing them to connect automatically. You do not need to enter any information.
Not every WPS-enabled device has a physical WPS button. Some may have a WPS PBC button in
their configuration utilities instead of or in addition to the physical button.
Take the following steps to set up WPS using the button.
Ensure that the two devices you want to set up are within wireless range of one another.
Look for a WPS button on each device. If the device does not have one, log into its configuration
utility and locate the button (see the device’s User’s Guide for how to do this - for the Device, see
Section 7.6 on page 114).
Press the button on one of the devices (it doesn’t matter which). For the Device you must press the
WPS button for more than three seconds.
Within two minutes, press the button on the other device. The registrar sends the network name
(SSID) and security key through an secure connection to the enrollee.
If you need to make sure that WPS worked, check the list of associated wireless clients in the AP’s
configuration utility. If you see the wireless client in the list, WPS was successful.
7.10.9.2 PIN Configuration
Each WPS-enabled device has its own PIN (Personal Identification Number). This may either be
static (it cannot be changed) or dynamic (in some devices you can generate a new PIN by clicking
on a button in the configuration interface).
Use the PIN method instead of the push-button configuration (PBC) method if you want to ensure
that the connection is established between the devices you specify, not just the first two devices to
activate WPS in range of each other. However, you need to log into the configuration interfaces of
both devices to use the PIN method.
When you use the PIN method, you must enter the PIN from one device (usually the wireless client)
into the second device (usually the Access Point or wireless router). Then, when WPS is activated
on the first device, it presents its PIN to the second device. If the PIN matches, one device sends
the network and security information to the other, allowing it to join the network.
Take the following steps to set up a WPS connection between an access point or wireless router
(referred to here as the AP) and a client device using the PIN method.
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Ensure WPS is enabled on both devices.
Access the WPS section of the AP’s configuration interface. See the device’s User’s Guide for how to
do this.
Look for the client’s WPS PIN; it will be displayed either on the device, or in the WPS section of the
client’s configuration interface (see the device’s User’s Guide for how to find the WPS PIN - for the
Device, see Section 7.5 on page 112).
Enter the client’s PIN in the AP’s configuration interface.
If the client device’s configuration interface has an area for entering another device’s PIN, you can
either enter the client’s PIN in the AP, or enter the AP’s PIN in the client - it does not matter which.
Start WPS on both devices within two minutes.
Use the configuration utility to activate WPS, not the push-button on the device itself.
On a computer connected to the wireless client, try to connect to the Internet. If you can connect,
WPS was successful.
If you cannot connect, check the list of associated wireless clients in the AP’s configuration utility. If
you see the wireless client in the list, WPS was successful.
The following figure shows a WPS-enabled wireless client (installed in a notebook computer)
connecting to the WPS-enabled AP via the PIN method.
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Figure 47 Example WPS Process: PIN Method
ENROLLEE
REGISTRAR
WPS
This device’s
WPS PIN: 123456
WPS
Enter WPS PIN
from other device:
WPS
WPS
START
START
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
SECURE EAP TUNNEL
SSID
WPA(2)-PSK
COMMUNICATION
7.10.9.3 How WPS Works
When two WPS-enabled devices connect, each device must assume a specific role. One device acts
as the registrar (the device that supplies network and security settings) and the other device acts
as the enrollee (the device that receives network and security settings. The registrar creates a
secure EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) tunnel and sends the network name (SSID) and the
WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK pre-shared key to the enrollee. Whether WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK is used
depends on the standards supported by the devices. If the registrar is already part of a network, it
sends the existing information. If not, it generates the SSID and WPA(2)-PSK randomly.
The following figure shows a WPS-enabled client (installed in a notebook computer) connecting to a
WPS-enabled access point.
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Figure 48 How WPS works
ACTIVATE
WPS
ACTIVATE
WPS
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
WPS HANDSHAKE
ENROLLEE
REGISTRAR
SECURE TUNNEL
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
The roles of registrar and enrollee last only as long as the WPS setup process is active (two
minutes). The next time you use WPS, a different device can be the registrar if necessary.
The WPS connection process is like a handshake; only two devices participate in each WPS
transaction. If you want to add more devices you should repeat the process with one of the existing
networked devices and the new device.
Note that the access point (AP) is not always the registrar, and the wireless client is not always the
enrollee. All WPS-certified APs can be a registrar, and so can some WPS-enabled wireless clients.
By default, a WPS devices is “unconfigured”. This means that it is not part of an existing network
and can act as either enrollee or registrar (if it supports both functions). If the registrar is
unconfigured, the security settings it transmits to the enrollee are randomly-generated. Once a
WPS-enabled device has connected to another device using WPS, it becomes “configured”. A
configured wireless client can still act as enrollee or registrar in subsequent WPS connections, but a
configured access point can no longer act as enrollee. It will be the registrar in all subsequent WPS
connections in which it is involved. If you want a configured AP to act as an enrollee, you must reset
it to its factory defaults.
7.10.9.4 Example WPS Network Setup
This section shows how security settings are distributed in an example WPS setup.
The following figure shows an example network. In step 1, both AP1 and Client 1 are
unconfigured. When WPS is activated on both, they perform the handshake. In this example, AP1
is the registrar, and Client 1 is the enrollee. The registrar randomly generates the security
information to set up the network, since it is unconfigured and has no existing information.
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Figure 49 WPS: Example Network Step 1
ENROLLEE
REGISTRAR
SECURITY INFO
AP1
CLIENT 1
In step 2, you add another wireless client to the network. You know that Client 1 supports registrar
mode, but it is better to use AP1 for the WPS handshake with the new client since you must
connect to the access point anyway in order to use the network. In this case, AP1 must be the
registrar, since it is configured (it already has security information for the network). AP1 supplies
the existing security information to Client 2.
Figure 50 WPS: Example Network Step 2
REGISTRAR
EXISTING CONNECTION
AP1
CLIENT 1
ENROLLEE
NF
YI
CU
SE
CLIENT 2
In step 3, you add another access point (AP2) to your network. AP2 is out of range of AP1, so you
cannot use AP1 for the WPS handshake with the new access point. However, you know that Client
2 supports the registrar function, so you use it to perform the WPS handshake instead.
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Figure 51 WPS: Example Network Step 3
EXISTING CONNECTION
CLIENT 1
IS
EX
GC
TIN
ION
CT
NN
AP1
REGISTRAR
CLIENT 2
SE
CU
RIT
ENROLLEE
INF
AP2
7.10.9.5 Limitations of WPS
WPS has some limitations of which you should be aware.
• WPS works in Infrastructure networks only (where an AP and a wireless client communicate). It
does not work in Ad-Hoc networks (where there is no AP).
• When you use WPS, it works between two devices only. You cannot enroll multiple devices
simultaneously, you must enroll one after the other.
For instance, if you have two enrollees and one registrar you must set up the first enrollee (by
pressing the WPS button on the registrar and the first enrollee, for example), then check that it
successfully enrolled, then set up the second device in the same way.
• WPS works only with other WPS-enabled devices. However, you can still add non-WPS devices to
a network you already set up using WPS.
WPS works by automatically issuing a randomly-generated WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK pre-shared
key from the registrar device to the enrollee devices. Whether the network uses WPA-PSK or
WPA2-PSK depends on the device. You can check the configuration interface of the registrar
device to discover the key the network is using (if the device supports this feature). Then, you
can enter the key into the non-WPS device and join the network as normal (the non-WPS device
must also support WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK).
• When you use the PBC method, there is a short period (from the moment you press the button
on one device to the moment you press the button on the other device) when any WPS-enabled
device could join the network. This is because the registrar has no way of identifying the
“correct” enrollee, and cannot differentiate between your enrollee and a rogue device. This is a
possible way for a hacker to gain access to a network.
You can easily check to see if this has happened. WPS works between only two devices
simultaneously, so if another device has enrolled your device will be unable to enroll, and will not
have access to the network. If this happens, open the access point’s configuration interface and
look at the list of associated clients (usually displayed by MAC address). It does not matter if the
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access point is the WPS registrar, the enrollee, or was not involved in the WPS handshake; a
rogue device must still associate with the access point to gain access to the network. Check the
MAC addresses of your wireless clients (usually printed on a label on the bottom of the device). If
there is an unknown MAC address you can remove it or reset the AP.
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Home Networking
8.1 Overview
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many networking devices
are connected. It is usually located in one immediate area such as a building or floor of a building.
Use the LAN screens to help you configure a LAN DHCP server and manage IP addresses.
LAN
DSL
8.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
• Use the LAN Setup screen to set the LAN IP address, subnet mask, and DHCP settings of your
Device (Section 8.2 on page 135).
• Use the Static DHCP screen to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers
based on their MAC Addresses (Section 8.3 on page 138).
• Use the UPnP screen to enable UPnP and UPnP NAT traversal on the Device (Section 8.4 on page
140).
• Use the Additional Subnet screen to configure IP alias and public static IP (Section 8.5 on page
141).
• Use the STB Vendor ID screen to have the Device automatically create static DHCP entries for
Set Top Box (STB) devices when they request IP addresses (Section 8.8 on page 150)
• Use the 5th Ethernet Port screen to configure the Ethernet WAN port as a LAN port (Section 8.9
on page 150).
• Use the MoCA screen to set the MoCA Privacy, and enable multimedia and home networking over
coaxial cable (Section 8.10 on page 151).
• Use the LAN VLAN screen to control the VLAN ID and IEEE 802.1p priority tags of traffic sent out
through individual LAN ports (Section 8.11 on page 152).
• Use the TFTP Server Name screen to access the TFTP server using DHCP option 66 (Section
8.12 on page 152).
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8.1.2 What You Need To Know
8.1.2.1 About LAN
IP Address
IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including
computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the
network. These networking devices are also known as hosts.
Subnet Mask
Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network. You can also use
subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.
DHCP
A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server can assign your Device an IP address, subnet
mask, DNS and other routing information when it's turned on.
DNS
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and
vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP
address of a networking device before you can access it.
RADVD (Router Advertisement Daemon)
When an IPv6 host sends a Router Solicitation (RS) request to discover the available routers,
RADVD with Router Advertisement (RA) messages in response to the request. It specifies the
minimum and maximum intervals of RA broadcasts. RA messages containing the address prefix.
IPv6 hosts can be generated with the IPv6 prefix an IPv6 address.
8.1.2.2 About UPnP
Identifying UPnP Devices
UPnP hardware is identified as an icon in the Network Connections folder (Windows XP). Each UPnP
compatible device installed on your network will appear as a separate icon. Selecting the icon of a
UPnP device will allow you to access the information and properties of that device.
NAT Traversal
UPnP NAT traversal automates the process of allowing an application to operate through NAT. UPnP
network devices can automatically configure network addressing, announce their presence in the
network to other UPnP devices and enable exchange of simple product and service descriptions.
NAT traversal allows the following:
• Dynamic port mapping
• Learning public IP addresses
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• Assigning lease times to mappings
Windows Messenger is an example of an application that supports NAT traversal and UPnP.
See the Chapter 11 on page 181 for more information on NAT.
Cautions with UPnP
The automated nature of NAT traversal applications in establishing their own services and opening
firewall ports may present network security issues. Network information and configuration may also
be obtained and modified by users in some network environments.
When a UPnP device joins a network, it announces its presence with a multicast message. For
security reasons, the Device allows multicast messages on the LAN only.
All UPnP-enabled devices may communicate freely with each other without additional configuration.
Disable UPnP if this is not your intention.
UPnP and ZyXEL
ZyXEL has achieved UPnP certification from the Universal Plug and Play Forum UPnP™
Implementers Corp. (UIC). ZyXEL's UPnP implementation supports Internet Gateway Device (IGD)
1.0.
See Section 8.5 on page 141 for examples of installing and using UPnP.
Finding Out More
See Section 8.13 on page 153 for technical background information on LANs.
8.1.3 Before You Begin
Find out the MAC addresses of your network devices if you intend to add them to the DHCP Client
List screen.
8.2 The LAN Setup Screen
Use this screen to set the Local Area Network IP address and subnet mask of your Device. Click
Network Setting > Home Networking to open the LAN Setup screen.
Follow these steps to configure your LAN settings.
Enter an IP address into the IP Address field. The IP address must be in dotted decimal notation.
This will become the IP address of your Device.
Enter the IP subnet mask into the IP Subnet Mask field. Unless instructed otherwise it is best to
leave this alone, the configurator will automatically compute a subnet mask based upon the IP
address you entered.
Click Apply to save your settings.
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Figure 52 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 31 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Interface Group
Group Name
Select the interface group name for which you want to configure LAN settings. See Chapter
13 on page 201 for how to create a new interface group.
LAN IP Setup
IP Address
Enter the LAN IP address you want to assign to your Device in dotted decimal notation, for
example, 192.168.1.1 (factory default).
Subnet Mask
Type the subnet mask of your network in dotted decimal notation, for example
255.255.255.0 (factory default). Your Device automatically computes the subnet mask
based on the IP Address you enter, so do not change this field unless you are instructed to
do so.
IGMP Snooping
Status
Select the Enable IGMP Snooping checkbox to allows the Device to passively learn
multicast group.
IGMP Mode
Select Standard Mode to have the Device forward multicast packets to a port that joins the
multicast group and broadcast unknown multicast packets from the WAN to all LAN ports.
Select Blocking Mode to have the Device block all unknown multicast packets from the
WAN.
DHCP Server State
DHCP
Select Enable to have the Device act as a DHCP server or DHCP relay agent.
Select Disable to stop the DHCP server on the Device.
Select DHCP Relay to have the Device forward DHCP request to the DHCP server.
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Table 31 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
DHCP Relay
Server Address
This field is only available when you select DHCP Relay in the DHCP field.
IP Address
Enter the IP address of the actual remote DHCP server in this field.
IP Addressing
Values
This field is only available when you select Enable in the DHCP field.
Beginning IP
Address
This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.
Ending IP
Address
This field specifies the last of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.
DHCP Server
Lease Time
This is the period of time DHCP-assigned addresses is used. DHCP automatically assigns IP
addresses to clients when they log in. DHCP centralizes IP address management on central
computers that run the DHCP server program. DHCP leases addresses, for a period of time,
which means that past addresses are “recycled” and made available for future reassignment
to other systems.
This field is only available when you select Enable in the DHCP field.
Days/Hours/
Minutes
Enter the lease time of the DHCP server.
DNS Values
This field is only available when you select Enable in the DHCP field.
DNS
Select the type of service that you are registered for from your Dynamic DNS service
provider.
Select Dynamic if you have the Dynamic DNS service.
Select Static if you have the Static DNS service.
DNS Server 1
DNS Server 2
Enter the first and second DNS (Domain Name System) server IP address the Device passes
to the DHCP clients.
LAN IPv6 Mode Setup
IPv6 State
Select Enable to activate the IPv6 mode and configure IPv6 settings on the Device.
LAN IPv6 Address Setup
Delegate prefix
from WAN
Select this option to automatically obtain an IPv6 network prefix from the service provider
or an uplink router.
Static
Select this option to configure a fixed IPv6 address for the Device’s LAN IPv6 address.
ULA IPv6 Address Setup
IPv6 Address
If you select static IPv6 address, enter the IPv6 address prefix that the Device uses for the
LAN IPv6 address.
Prefix Length
If you select static IPv6 address, enter the IPv6 prefix length that the Device uses to
generate the LAN IPv6 address.
An IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (starting from the left) in the
address compose the network address. This field displays the bit number of the IPv6 subnet
mask.
MLD Snooping
Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) allows an IPv6 switch or router to discover the presence
of MLD hosts who wish to receive multicast packets and the IP addresses of multicast
groups the hosts want to join on its network. Select Enable MLD Snooping to activate MLD
Snooping on the Device. This allows the Device to check MLD packets passing through it and
learn the multicast group membership. It helps reduce multicast traffic.
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Table 31 Network Setting > Home Networking > LAN Setup (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
LAN IPv6
Address Assign
Setup
Select how you want to obtain an IPv6 address:
•
•
•
•
stateless + DNS send by RADVD: The Device uses IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration.
RADVD (Router Advertisement Daemon) is enabled to have the Device send IPv6 prefix
information in router advertisements periodically and in response to router solicitations.
DHCPv6 server is disabled. (See page 134 for more information on RADVD.)
stateless + DNS send by DHCPv6: The Device uses IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration.
The DNS is provided by a DHCPv6 server.
stateful + DHCPv6 server: The Device uses IPv6 stateful autoconfiguration. The
DHCPv6 server is enabled to have the Device act as a DHCPv6 server and pass IPv6
addresses, DNS server and domain name information to DHCPv6 clients.
stateful + DHCPv6 relay: The Device uses IPv6 stateful autoconfiguration. DHCPv6
Relay is enabled to have the Device relay client DHCPv6 requests.
DHCPv6 Configuration
DHCPv6 State
This shows the status of the DHCPv6.
IPv6 DNS Values
IPv6 DNS
Server 1-3
Select From ISP if your ISP dynamically assigns IPv6 DNS server information.
Select User-Defined if you have the IPv6 address of a DNS server. Enter the DNS server
IPv6 addresses the Device passes to the DHCP clients.
Select None if you do not want to configure IPv6 DNS servers.
IPv6 Address Values
IPv6 Start
Address
If DHCPv6 is enabled, specify the first IPv6 address in the pool of addresses that can be
assigned to DHCPv6 clients.
IPv6 End
Address
If DHCPv6 is enabled, specify the last IPv6 address in the pool of addresses that can be
assigned to DHCPv6 clients.
IPv6 Domain
Name
If DHCPv6 is enabled, specify the domain name to be assigned to DHCPv6 clients.
IPv6 Router Advertisement State
RADVD State
This shows the status of RADVD.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
8.3 The Static DHCP Screen
This table allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on
their MAC Addresses.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is
assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
Use this screen to change your Device’s static DHCP settings. Click Network Setting > Home
Networking > Static DHCP to open the following screen.
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Figure 53 Network Setting > Home Networking > Static DHCP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 32 Network Setting > Home Networking > Static DHCP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Add new static
lease
Click this to add a new static DHCP entry.
This is the index number of the entry.
Status
This field displays whether the client is connected to the Device.
MAC Address
The MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address on a LAN (Local Area Network) is
unique to your computer (six pairs of hexadecimal notation).
A network interface card such as an Ethernet adapter has a hardwired address that is
assigned at the factory. This address follows an industry standard that ensures no other
adapter has a similar address.
IP Address
This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above.
Modify
Click the Edit icon to have the IP address field editable and change it.
Click the Delete icon to delete a static DHCP entry. A window displays asking you to
confirm that you want to delete the selected entry.
If you click Add new static lease in the Static DHCP screen or the Edit icon next to a static DHCP
entry, the following screen displays.
Figure 54 Static DHCP: Add/Edit
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 33 Static DHCP: Add/Edit
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Active
Select this to activate the connection between the client and the Device.
Group Name
Select the interface group name for which you want to configure static DHCP settings.
See Chapter 13 on page 201 for how to create a new interface group.
Select Device Info
If you select Manual Input, you can manually type in the MAC address and IP address of
a computer on your LAN. You can also choose the name of a computer from the drop list
and have the MAC Address and IP Address auto-detected.
MAC Address
If you select Manual Input, enter the MAC address of a computer on your LAN.
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Table 33 Static DHCP: Add/Edit (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
IP Address
If you select Manual Input, enter the IP address that you want to assign to the
computer on your LAN with the MAC address that you will also specify.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
8.4 The UPnP Screen
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a distributed, open networking standard that uses TCP/IP for
simple peer-to-peer network connectivity between devices. A UPnP device can dynamically join a
network, obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities and learn about other devices on the network.
In turn, a device can leave a network smoothly and automatically when it is no longer in use.
See page 134 for more information on UPnP.
Use the following screen to configure the UPnP settings on your Device. Click Network Setting >
Home Networking > UPnP to display the screen shown next.
Figure 55 Network Setting > Home Networking > UPnP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 34 Network Setting > Home Networking > UPnP
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
UPnP
Select Enable to activate UPnP. Be aware that anyone could use a UPnP application to open
the web configurator's login screen without entering the Device's IP address (although you
must still enter the password to access the web configurator).
UPnP NAT-T
Select Enable to allow UPnP-enabled applications to automatically configure the Device so
that they can communicate through the Device by using NAT traversal. UPnP applications
automatically reserve a NAT forwarding port in order to communicate with another UPnP
enabled device; this eliminates the need to manually configure port forwarding for the UPnP
enabled application.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
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8.5 Installing UPnP in Windows Example
This section shows how to install UPnP in Windows Me and Windows XP.
Installing UPnP in Windows Me
Follow the steps below to install the UPnP in Windows Me.
Click Start and Control Panel. Double-click Add/Remove Programs.
Click on the Windows Setup tab and select Communication in the Components selection box.
Click Details.
Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication
In the Communications window, select the Universal Plug and Play check box in the
Components selection box.
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Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components
Click OK to go back to the Add/Remove Programs Properties window and click Next.
Restart the computer when prompted.
Installing UPnP in Windows XP
Follow the steps below to install the UPnP in Windows XP.
Click Start and Control Panel.
Double-click Network Connections.
In the Network Connections window, click Advanced in the main menu and select Optional
Networking Components ….
Network Connections
The Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard window displays. Select Networking
Service in the Components selection box and click Details.
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Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard
In the Networking Services window, select the Universal Plug and Play check box.
Networking Services
Click OK to go back to the Windows Optional Networking Component Wizard window and
click Next.
8.6 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example
This section shows you how to use the UPnP feature in Windows XP. You must already have UPnP
installed in Windows XP and UPnP activated on the Device.
Make sure the computer is connected to a LAN port of the Device. Turn on your computer and the
Device.
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Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device
Click Start and Control Panel. Double-click Network Connections. An icon displays under
Internet Gateway.
Right-click the icon and select Properties.
Network Connections
In the Internet Connection Properties window, click Settings to see the port mappings there
were automatically created.
Internet Connection Properties
You may edit or delete the port mappings or click Add to manually add port mappings.
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Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings
Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add
When the UPnP-enabled device is disconnected from your computer, all port mappings will be
deleted automatically.
Select Show icon in notification area when connected option and click OK. An icon displays in
the system tray.
System Tray Icon
Double-click on the icon to display your current Internet connection status.
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Internet Connection Status
Web Configurator Easy Access
With UPnP, you can access the web-based configurator on the Device without finding out the IP
address of the Device first. This comes helpful if you do not know the IP address of the Device.
Follow the steps below to access the web configurator.
Click Start and then Control Panel.
Double-click Network Connections.
Select My Network Places under Other Places.
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Network Connections
An icon with the description for each UPnP-enabled device displays under Local Network.
Right-click on the icon for your Device and select Invoke. The web configurator login screen
displays.
Network Connections: My Network Places
Right-click on the icon for your Device and select Properties. A properties window displays with
basic information about the Device.
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Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example
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8.7 The Additional Subnet Screen
Use the Additional Subnet screen to configure IP alias and public static IP.
IP alias allows you to partition a physical network into different logical networks over the same
Ethernet interface. The Device supports multiple logical LAN interfaces via its physical Ethernet
interface with the Device itself as the gateway for the LAN network. When you use IP alias, you can
also configure firewall rules to control access to the LAN's logical network (subnet).
If your ISP provides the Public LAN service, the Device may use an LAN IP address that can be
accessed from the WAN.
Click Network Setting > Home Networking > Additional Subnet to display the screen shown
next.
Figure 56 Network Setting > Home Networking > Additional Subnet
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 35 Network Setting > Home Networking > Additional Subnet
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
IP Alias Setup
Group Name
Select the interface group name for which you want to configure the IP alias settings. See
Chapter 13 on page 201 for how to create a new interface group.
Active
Select the checkbox to configure a LAN network for the Device.
IP Address
Enter the IP address of your Device in dotted decimal notation.
IP Subnet Mask
Your Device will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address that you
assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the
Device.
Public LAN
Active
Select the checkbox to enable the Public LAN feature. Your ISP must support Public LAN and
Static IP.
IP Address
Enter the public IP address provided by your ISP.
IP Subnet Mask
Enter the public IP subnet mask provided by your ISP.
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Table 35 Network Setting > Home Networking > Additional Subnet (continued)
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Offer Public IP
by DHCP
Select the checkbox to enable the Device to provide public IP addresses by DHCP server.
Enable ARP
Proxy
Select the checkbox to enable the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) proxy.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
8.8 The STB Vendor ID Screen
Set Top Box (STB) devices with dynamic IP addresses sometimes don’t renew their IP addresses
before the lease time expires. This could lead to IP address conflicts if the STB continues to use an
IP address that gets assigned to another device. Use this screen to list the Vendor IDs of connected
STBs to have the Device automatically create static DHCP entries for them when they request IP
addresses.
Click Network Setting > Home Networking > STB Vendor ID to open this screen.
Figure 57 Network Setting > Home Networking > STB Vendor ID
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 36 Network Setting > Home Networking > STB Vendor ID
LABEL
DESCRIPTION
Vendor ID 1 ~
Enter the STB’s vendor ID.
Apply
Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel
Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
8.9 The 5th Ethernet Port Screen
If you are using DSL connection, you can configure your Ethernet WAN port as an extra LAN port.
This fifth Ethernet port is a Gigabit port. Click Network Settings > Home Networking > 5th
Ethernet Port to open this screen.
VMG4381-B10A User’s Guide
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