Adobe ColdFusion Cold Fusion 2016 Developing Applications Dev En

User Manual: adobe ColdFusion - 2016 - Developing Applications Free User Guide for Adobe ColdFusion Software, Manual

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Legal notices

Legal notices
For legal notices, see http://help.adobe.com/en_US/legalnotices/index.html.

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Contents
Chapter 1: Changes in ColdFusion
Changes in ColdFusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Replacement of JRun with Tomcat

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Security enhancements

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ColdFusion WebSocket

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ColdFusion closures

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Enhanced Java integration

ColdFusion ORM search for indexing and search
Solr enhancements

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Scheduler enhancements

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Integration with Microsoft Exchange Server 2010

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Lazy loading across client and server in ColdFusion
Web service enhancements

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Media Player enhancements

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Displaying geolocation
Client-side charting

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Caching enhancements

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Server update using ColdFusion Administrator
Secure Profile for ColdFusion Administrator

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Chapter 2: Introduction to application development using ColdFusion
Introduction to application development using ColdFusion
Using the Developing ColdFusion Applications guide

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About Adobe ColdFusion documentation for Developers
Chapter 3: Introducing ColdFusion
About JEE and the ColdFusion architecture
About ColdFusion

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About Internet applications and web application servers
Introducing ColdFusion

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Chapter 4: The CFML Programming Language
The CFML Programming Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Elements of CFML

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Using ColdFusion Variables

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Using Expressions and Number Signs
Using Arrays and Structures

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Extending ColdFusion Pages with CFML Scripting

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ColdFusion Language Enhancements

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Built-in functions as first class citizen

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Chapter 5: Building Blocks of ColdFusion Applications
Building Blocks of ColdFusion Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Creating ColdFusion Elements

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Writing and Calling User-Defined Functions

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Building and Using ColdFusion Components

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Creating and Using Custom CFML Tags

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Building Custom CFXAPI Tags

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Using the member functions

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Chapter 6: Developing CFML Applications
Developing CFML Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Designing and Optimizing a ColdFusion Application
Handling Errors

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Using Persistent Data and Locking

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Using ColdFusion Threads

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Securing Applications

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Client-side CFML (for mobile development)

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Using the ColdFusion Debugger

Debugging and Troubleshooting Applications

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Developing Globalized Applications
REST Enhancements in ColdFusion 11

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Authentication through OAuth

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Social Enhancements

Chapter 7: Accessing and Using Data
Accessing and Using Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Introduction to Databases and SQL
Accessing and Retrieving Data

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Updating Your Database

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Using Query of Queries

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Managing LDAP Directories
Solr search support

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Chapter 8: ColdFusion ORM
ColdFusion ORM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
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Introducing ColdFusion ORM
Architecture

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Configure ORM

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Define ORM mapping

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Working with objects

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ORM session management

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Transaction and concurrency
Performance optimization
Using queries

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Autogenerating database schema

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Support for multiple data sources for ORM
ColdFusion ORM search

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Chapter 9: ColdFusion and HTML5
ColdFusion and HTML 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Using ColdFusion WebSocket

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Media Player enhancements-Developing guide
Client-side charting-Developing guide

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Displaying geolocation - Developing guide

Chapter 10: Flex and AIR Integration in ColdFusion
Flex and AIR Integration in ColdFusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Using the Flash Remoting Service

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Using Flash Remoting Update

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Offline AIR Application Support

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Proxy ActionScript Classes for ColdFusion Services
Using the LiveCycle Data Services ES Assembler

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Using Server-Side ActionScript

Chapter 11: Requesting and Presenting Information
Requesting and Presenting Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Introduction to Retrieving and Formatting Data

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Building Dynamic Forms with cfform Tags

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Validating Data-Developing guide

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Creating Forms in Flash

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Creating Skinnable XML Forms

Using Ajax Data and Development Features

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Using Ajax User Interface Components and Features

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Chapter 12: Office file interoperability
Office file interoperability

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Using cfdocument
Using cfpresentation

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Using cfspreadsheet

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Supported Office conversion formats
SharePoint integration

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Chapter 13: ColdFusion Portlets
ColdFusion Portlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Run a ColdFusion portlet on JBoss Portal Server

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Run a ColdFusion portlet on WebSphere Portal Server
Common methods used in portlet.cfc
ColdFusion portlet components
JSR-286 Support

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Chapter 14: Working with Documents, Charts, and Reports
Working with Documents, Charts, and Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Manipulating PDF Forms in ColdFusion
Assembling PDF Documents

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Creating and Manipulating ColdFusion Images
Creating Charts and Graphs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Creating Reports and Documents for Printing
Creating Reports with Report Builder

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

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Contents

Creating Slide Presentations

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

PDF Generation in ColdFusion 11

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Chapter 15: Using Web Elements and External Objects
Using Web Elements and External Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Using XML and WDDX
Using Web Services

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Using ColdFusion Web Services

Integrating JEE and Java Elements in CFML Applications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Using Microsoft .NET Assemblies

Integrating COM and CORBA Objects in CFML Applications

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Chapter 16: Using External Resources
Using External Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Sending and Receiving E-Mail

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Interacting with Microsoft Exchange Servers

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Interacting with Remote Servers
Managing Files on the Server
Using Event Gateways

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Creating Custom Event Gateways

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Using the ColdFusion Extensions for Eclipse

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Using the Data Services Messaging Event Gateway
Using the Data Management Event Gateway
Using the FMS event gateway

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Using the Instant Messaging Event Gateways
Using the SMS Event Gateway

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

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Chapter 1: Changes in ColdFusion

Changes in ColdFusion
New in ColdFusion 11
ColdFusion 11 has gone through a lot of changes and enhancements and this section highlights those changes:
End-to-end mobile development
The ColdFusion Mobile Platform aims at providing a server and development infrastructure that facilitates rapid and
robust mobile application development, debugging, packaging, and deployment. The ColdFusion 11 release introduces
rapid application development through ColdFusion Builder 3. This release of ColdFusion introduces full-fledged ondevice debugging to quickly debug your ColdFusion-based mobile applications on devices.
You can quickly build a mobile application by reading the information provided in the following sections:
A new lightweight edition
The ColdFusion Express enables you to quickly setup a development or demonstration instance of a Server without
following the installation procedure. The ColdFusion Express is a new ‘lighter’ version of the ColdFusion Server and is
ideally suited for developers to quickly setup and run a ColdFusion Server for testing and debugging purposes.
See Installing ColdFusion Express
Language enhancements
ColdFusion 11 has gone through various language enhancements that will provide a better development experience for
ColdFusion developers. The core CFML language enhancements in ColdFusion 11 includes new language constructs,
extended tag support, enhanced script functions, and support for new operations.
See ColdFusion Language Enhancements
WebSocket enhancements
ColdFusion 11 has introduced the proxy support for WebSocket. There is a new proxy module (that runs inside IIS and
Apache Web Server) that can intercept the ColdFusion WebSocket requests and redirect the requests to the ColdFusion
Server.
See WebSocket enhancements
PDF generation enhancements
To generate high quality PDFs from HTML documents, 2 new tags,  and  have been
introduced in ColdFusion 11.
See PDF generation enhancements
Security enhancements
ColdFusion 11 has a lot of security enhancements and bug fixes. This update fixes a few security issues and has
strengthened the Server to a large extent. Some notable security enhancements are described in the following
document:

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See Security Enhancements (ColdFusion 11)
Social enhancements
ColdFusion 11 has introduced the support for dynamically generating Like button, Tweet button, and Comment box
for social media sites.
See Social Enhancements
REST enhancements
ColdFusion 11 now supports site-level REST applications and enables pluggable serializer and deserializer.
See REST Enhancements in ColdFusion 11
Charting enhancements
The server-side charting introduced in ColdFusion 10 that allowed you to create highly interactive charts has been
further enhanced to produce visually more appealing charts.
See Charting enhancements
Compression enhancements
The following sections describe the enhancements made to the  and  tags:

• cfzip
• cfzipparam
New functions
The following new functions are added:

• GetSafeHTML
• isSafeHTML
• ImageGetMetadata
• GeneratePBKDFKey
Changes in functions
The following functions are enhanced:

• Canonicalize
• cflocation
• EncodeForCSS
• EncodeForHTML
• EncodeForHTMLAttribute
• EncodeForJavaScript
• EncodeForURL
• EncodeForXML
Restrictions
When you are using ColdFusion Scheduler , output can be saved only as .log or .txt files. The same restriction is
applicable for validation queries on databases.

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Also, for the  tag, this restriction is applicable. By default, you can include only CFM files. However, you
can modify allowedextinclude key in neoruntime.xml file to add your own file type.
Deprecated

• For the  tag, URL.RequestTimeout attribute has been removed in ColdFusion 11.
• The HTMLEditFormat() function has ben deprecated.

See also
• Replacement of JRun with Tomcat
• Security enhancements
• ColdFusion WebSocket
• ColdFusion closures
• Enhanced Java integration
• ColdFusion ORM search for indexing and search
• Solr enhancements
• Scheduler enhancements
• Integration with Microsoft Exchange Server 2010
• Lazy loading across client and server in ColdFusion
• Web service enhancements
• RESTful Web Services in ColdFusion
• Media Player enhancements
• Displaying geolocation
• Client-side charting
• Caching enhancements
• Server update using ColdFusion Administrator
• Secure Profile for ColdFusion Administrator

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Replacement of JRun with Tomcat
Instead of JRun, Tomcat is embedded with a stand-alone ColdFusion installation. Previous versions of the ColdFusion
installer (before ColdFusion 10) offered a "multi-server" deployment option, whereas starting with ColdFusion 10, only
a "server" deployment option is offered. Even so, after installing ColdFusion in server mode, users of ColdFusion
Enterprise, Developer, or Trial editions can still create multiple instances and clusters with the Enterprise Manager in
the ColdFusion Administrator. For details, Installing Adobe ColdFusion.

Security enhancements
Security enhancements helps to reduce security vulnerabilities, particularly the ones resulting from threats posed by
XSS and CSRF attacks. The release also includes enhancements that help you manage ColdFusion sessions effectively.
For details, see Security enhancements in ColdFusion 10 .

ColdFusion WebSocket
Develop realtime applications for stock, charting, online gaming, social networking, dashboard for various purposes,
or monitoring using COldFusion WebSocket. ColdFusion implements WebSocket by providing a messaging layer for
the WebSocket protocol, which you can easily control using CFML and JavaScript. For details, see Using ColdFusion
WebSocket .

ColdFusion closures
For details, see Using closures .

Enhanced Java integration
Load Java libraries from a custom path. For details, see Enhanced Java integration in ColdFusion

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ColdFusion ORM search for indexing and search
Use the indexing and search capabilities of ColdFusion ORM. When you develop an application that uses ColdFusion
ORM, the search feature facilitates full text search. You can load all the persistent entities that match your search criteria
based on a query text. For details, see ColdFusion ORM search

Solr enhancements
• Use Data Import Handler for database indexing
• Index and search based on dynamic custom fields
• Reload individual collections
• Add languages for search
• Secure your search system
• Autocommit indexed documents
• Boost specific fields or entire document for improved search results For details, see Solr enhancements in
ColdFusion 10 .

Scheduler enhancements
Schedule your tasks in a granular, scalable, and organized way. The release supports Quartz scheduling service. For
details, see Using Scheduler .

Integration with Microsoft Exchange Server 2010
Adobe ColdFusion can interact with Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 SP1. The enhancements offer support for
Microsoft Exchange Web Services (EWS) which brings in efficacy with the following operations:

• Folder operations such as create, modify, or delete.
• Get rooms and roomlist in the exchange organization.
• Information on user availability, that helps effective scheduling.
• Conversation operations such as find conversation details, copy, move, and the status if the conversation is read. For
details, see Connect to Microsoft Exchange Server 2010 .

Lazy loading across client and server in ColdFusion
Need-based loading of related entities for applications that use ColdFusion ORM in the back end and Flex as the front
end is possible in this release. Your application can now fetch the main entity and not return the related entities. Only
when the client application tries to access the related entities, they are loaded. For details, see Lazy loading across client
and server .

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Web service enhancements
ColdFusion has Axis 2 Web service framework integrated. This enables your web services to use WSDL 2 specifications,
SOAP 1.2 protocol, and document literal wrapped style. Also enhancements from ColdFusion 10 resolve many
interoperability issues that you might encounter while working with Web services in ColdFusion 9. For details, see Web
service enhancements in ColdFusion .

Media Player enhancements
The enhancements in this release support

• Play back capability for HTML 5 videos
• Fallback to HTML 5 video playback if Flash player is not installed
• Browser independent video controls
• Dynamic streaming of Flash videos
• Advanced skinning for media player
• Play list for Flash videos
• Embedding subtitles in SRT format using HTML track element
• Extending media player using plug-ins built using Open Source Media Framework (OSMF), for example to:
• Play videos in the YouTube server
• Use stage video support by showing advertisements within the videos in linear and non-linear mode
• Adding title to the video
Note: The mediaplayer's behavior is subject to the video capability of your device.

Displaying geolocation
Displays user location on the map if the attribute showUser is specified in cfmap. This feature works only on HTML 5
compliant browsers.
The following sections describe the changes to the tags cfmap and cfmapitem to display the user location.

Client-side charting
ColdFusion 10 supports client-side charting. This is in addition to the existing server-side charting feature (which
continues to serve the way it used to).
Client-side charting supports the following:

• Dynamic and interactive charting: Modify the charts, add styles, and add new series or plots.
• Popular chart formats with appropriate fallback functionality: Use HTML 5, Flash, SVG, or VML charts. If your
browser does not support HTML 5 features relevant to charting, charts are rendered in Flash. Similarly, if Flash is
not supported, charts are rendered in HTML.
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• Features identical to server-side charting: Most of the server-side charting features are available with client-side
charting.
• * Old and new charts:* In addition to the contemporary chart types, offers a new set of charts.
• Needs minimal trips to server: As compared to generating charts at server-level, for every user interaction.

Caching enhancements
• Application-specific caching
• Enhanced query caching using Ehcache For details, see Caching enhancements in ColdFusion 10 in Optimizing
ColdFusion applications .

Server update using ColdFusion Administrator
Verify if there are any product updates using the ColdFusion Administrator (Server Update > Update). The updates can
include hot fixes and security hot fixes for ColdFusion. For details, see Configuring and Administering Adobe
ColdFusion.

Secure Profile for ColdFusion Administrator
ColdFusion allows you to secure ColdFusion server furthermore by enabling or disabling selected settings on the
ColdFusion Administrator. When installing ColdFusion, you can enable Secure Profile by selecting the option when
prompted on the Secure Profile screen. Further, you could provide a comma separate list of IP addresses that may be
allowed to access the ColdFusion Administrator. For more information, see Enabling Secure Profile for ColdFusion
Administrator .

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Chapter 2: Introduction to application
development using ColdFusion

Introduction to application development using
ColdFusion
The guide is intended for web application programmers who are learning ColdFusion or want to extend their
ColdFusion programming knowledge. It provides a solid grounding in the tools that ColdFusion provides to develop
many different types of web applications of varying complexity.
Using the Developing ColdFusion Applications guide
About Adobe ColdFusion documentation for Developers

Using the Developing ColdFusion Applications guide
The Developing ColdFusion Applications guide includes basic and advanced information on CFML. However, it is
most useful if you have basic ColdFusion experience or have viewed the Getting Started experience, which is
available from the Adobe ColdFusion Administrator. Use the guide in conjunction with the CFML Reference, which
contains detailed information on the CFML language elements.

About Adobe ColdFusion documentation for
Developers
The ColdFusion documentation is designed to provide support for the complete spectrum of participants.

9

Chapter 3: Introducing ColdFusion

About JEE and the ColdFusion architecture
As the Internet software market has matured, the infrastructure services required by distributed Internet applications,
including ColdFusion applications, have become increasingly standardized. The most widely adopted standard today
is the Java Enterprise Edition (JEE, formerly "J2EE") specification. JEE provides a common set of infrastructure services
for accessing databases, protocols, and operating system functionality, across multiple operating systems.
About ColdFusion and the JEE platform

About ColdFusion
Adobe ColdFusion is a rapid scripting environment server for creating dynamic Internet Applications. ColdFusion
Markup Language (CFML) is a tag-based scripting language that is easy to learn. CFML provides connectivity to
enterprise data and powerful built-in search and charting capabilities. ColdFusion enables developers to easily build
and deploy dynamic websites, content publishing systems, self-service applications, commerce sites, and more.
ColdFusion pages are plain text files that you use to create web applications. You can create your ColdFusion
applications by writing all the code manually or by using wizards (provided with some editors) to generate the majority
of the code for you.
ColdFusion Administrator
Elements of ColdFusion
Saving ColdFusion pages
Testing ColdFusion pages

About Internet applications and web application servers
With ColdFusion, you develop Internet applications that run on web application servers.
About web application servers
About web pages and Internet applications

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Introducing ColdFusion
You use Adobe ColdFusion to create dynamic Internet applications.
About Internet applications and web application servers
About ColdFusion
About JEE and the ColdFusion architecture

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11

Chapter 4: The CFML Programming
Language

The CFML Programming Language
In this section, you can understand using ColdFusion variables, expressions, number signs, arrays, structures and
on extending the ColdFusion pages with CFML scripting.
Elements of CFML
Using ColdFusion Variables
Using Expressions and Number Signs
Using Arrays and Structures
Extending ColdFusion Pages with CFML Scripting
Using Regular Expressions in Functions
ColdFusion Language Enhancements
Built-in functions as first class citizen

Elements of CFML
The basic elements of CFML, including tags, functions, constants, variables, expressions, and CFScript, make it a
powerful tool for developing interactive web applications.
CFML Basics
Comments
Tags
Functions
ColdFusion components

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12

Constants
Variables
Expressions
Data types
Flow control
Character case
Special characters
Reserved words in ColdFusion
cfscript tag
Elvis operator

Using ColdFusion Variables
Adobe ColdFusion variables are the most frequently used operands in ColdFusion expressions. Variable values can be
set and reset, and can be passed as attributes to CFML tags. Variables can be passed as parameters to functions, and can
replace most constants. To create and use ColdFusion variables, you should know the following:

• How variables can represent different types of data
• How the data types get converted
• How variables exist in different scopes
• How scopes are used

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13

• How to use variables correctly

See also
• Creating variables
• Data types- Developing guide
• Using periods in variable references
• Data type conversion
• About scopes
• Ensuring variable existence
• Validating data
• Passing variables to custom tags and UDFs

Using Expressions and Number Signs
In CFML, you create expressions by using number signs to indicate expressions in Adobe ColdFusion tags such as
cfoutput , in strings, and in expressions. You also use variables in variable names and strings to create dynamic
expressions, and dynamic variables.
Expressions-Developing guide
Using number signs
Dynamic expressions and dynamic variables

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14

Using Arrays and Structures
Adobe ColdFusion supports dynamic multidimensional arrays. Using arrays can enhance your ColdFusion application
code. Adobe ColdFusion also supports structures for managing lists of key-value pairs. Because structures can contain
other structures or complex data types as it values, they provide a flexible and powerful tool for managing complex data.
About arrays
Basic array techniques
Populating arrays with data
Array functions-Developing guide
About structures
Creating and using structures
Structure examples
Structure functions - Developing guide

Extending ColdFusion Pages with CFML Scripting
Adobe ColdFusion offers a server-side scripting language, CFScript, that provides ColdFusion functionality in script
syntax. This JavaScript-like language gives developers the same control flow as ColdFusion, but without tags. You can
also use CFScript to write user-defined functions that you can use anywhere that a ColdFusion expression is allowed.
About CFScript
Language Enhancements in ColdFusion 9
What is supported in CFScript
The CFScript language
Using CFScript statements
Defining components and functions in CFScript
Import and new operations using cfimport
Handling exceptions
CFScript example

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15

Using closures

ColdFusion Language Enhancements
ColdFusion has gone through various language enhancements that will provide a better development experience for
ColdFusion developers. The core CFML language enhancements in ColdFusion 11 includes new language constructs,
extended tag support, enhanced script functions, and support for new operations.
This document provides an overview on the language enhancements and changes made in ColdFusion 11.
Script support for tags
See Script support for tags .
Script support for tags

Using custom tags in scripts
See Using custom tags in scripts.
Query tags as ColdFusion functions
See QueryExecute.
JSON serialization
JSON serialization allows you to convert ColdFusion data into a JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) representation of
the data. This feature was made available in ColdFusion 8.
See SerializeJSON.
Improved JSON Serialization

Member functions for data structure
See Using the member functions.
Support for Elvis operator (?:)
See Elvis operator.

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16

Passing array index to callback functions in ArrayEach
Currently, ColdFusion supports passing objects in callback function. Now, from ColdFusion 11, you can pass the index
of an array to the callback function. See ArrayEach.
Support for ListEach
A new function, ListEach, has been introduced. See ListEach.
Support for QueryGetRow
A new function, QueryGetRow, has been introduced. See QueryGetRow.
Preferences for built-in functions
See Built-in functions as first class citizen.
Language Enhancements in ColdFusion Splendor - Promoting built-in CF function to first class

Support for database queries
You can start using the  tag in client-side CFML just like how you are currently using it in server-side CFML
code. Note that not all of the  features are supported in this release.
See Mobile Application Development
Added script support for cfimport based prefix custom tag. Now you can use prefix based custom tag in script block
without any issue.
 cfimport(taglib=" ../importFolder/" prefix="myTags"); myTags:customTag();  customTag.cfm
 Output from custom tag 

Built-in functions as first class citizen
The ColdFusion built-in functions will be treated as ‘first-class’ functions so that any built-in function can be passed as
an argument.
For instance, this is valid:

function convertCaseForArray(Array array, function convertor)
{
for (var i=1; i <= arrayLen(array); i++){
array[i] = convertor(array[i]);
}
return array;
}
// lcase built-in function is being passed as callback.
resultantArray = convertCaseForArray(['One', 'Two','Three'], lcase);
writedump(resultantArray);


Now, you can treat the built-in CFML functions like ucase() as objects, being able to assign them to variables, and pass
them as arguments.

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17

Chapter 5: Building Blocks of ColdFusion
Applications

Building Blocks of ColdFusion Applications
To build robust ColdFusion Applications, you can create ColdFusion Elements, write and call user-defined
Functions, create or use the custom CFML tags and/or build using the custom CFXAPI tags.
Creating ColdFusion Elements
Writing and Calling User-Defined Functions
Building and Using ColdFusion Components
Creating and Using Custom CFML Tags
Building Custom CFXAPI Tags
Using the member functions

Creating ColdFusion Elements
You can create ColdFusion elements to organize your code. When you create any of these elements, you write your
code once and use it, without copying it, in many places.
About CFML elements that you create
Including pages with the cfinclude tag
User-defined functions with ColdFusion Elements
About user-defined functions-Developing guide
Using ColdFusion components
Using custom CFML tags
Using CFX tags
Selecting among ColdFusion code reuse methods

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Writing and Calling User-Defined Functions
Creating custom functions for algorithms or procedures that you call frequently lets you organize and reuse the
functions in your Adobe ColdFusion application pages.
About user-defined functions
Creating user-defined functions
Calling user-defined functions
Working with arguments and variables in functions
Using UDFs effectively
Handling errors in UDFs
A user-defined function example

Building and Using ColdFusion Components
A ColdFusion component (CFC) file contains data and functions that you define in related, multiple methods. You use
CFC pages to organize related actions in one file, which provide can simplify your programming. For more information
on creating applications that use CFCs, see the Adobe website: www.adobe.com.
About ColdFusion components
Creating ColdFusion components
Building ColdFusion components

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19

CFC variables and scope
Using ColdFusion components-Developing guide
Passing parameters to methods
Using CFCs effectively
ColdFusion component example
Implicit constructor for CFC
Method chaining for CFC methods
CFC Implicit notation

Creating and Using Custom CFML Tags
You can extend CFML by creating and using custom CFML tags that encapsulate common code.
Creating custom tags
Executing custom tags
Managing custom tags
Nesting custom tags
Passing data to custom tags
Refer to Pete's explanation of custom tags here

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20

Building Custom CFXAPI Tags
Sometimes, the best approach to application development is to develop elements of your application by building
executable to run with ColdFusion. Perhaps the application requirements go beyond what is currently feasible in
CFML. Perhaps you can improve application performance for certain types of processing. Or, you have existing code
that already solves an application problem and you want to incorporate it into your ColdFusion application. To meet
these types of requirements, you can use the ColdFusion Extension Application Programming Interface (CFX API) to
develop custom ColdFusion tags based on Java or C++.

Using the member functions
A lot of enhancements have been made to the core CFML syntax that will aid in developing ColdFusion-based
applications elegantly. One of the primary enhancements is the introduction of member functions for data structure
and data objects. You can now start coding in a true object oriented style.
For instance, consider the following headless function:
ArrayAppend (empArr, emp)

It can now be written as:
empArr.append(emp)

where 'arrayObj' is a reference to the CFArray class.
The following example depicts the new usage of member functions:
 //The old way var myArray = ArrayNew(1); ArrayAppend(myArray, "objec_new"); ArraySort(myArray, "ASC"); // The new way
myArray.append("objec_new"); myArray.sort("ASC"); // The new way var myProductObject = createObject("java", "myJavaclass"); myjavaList =
myProductObject.getProductList(); myjavaList.add("newProduct"); // Java API myjavaList.append("newProduct"); // CF API
myjavaList.sort("ASC"); 

Member functions for ColdFusion data types

Member function for the following data types are supported:

• Array
• String
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• List
• Struct
• Date
• Spreadsheet
• XML
• Query
• Image
Supported Array member functions
The following Array member functions are supported:
ArrayAppend

someVar.append()

ArrayAvg

someVar.avg()

ArrayClear

someVar.clear()

ArrayContains

someVar.contains()

ArrayDelete

someVar.delete()

ArrayDeleteAt

someVar.deleteAt()

ArrayEach

someVar.each()

ArrayFilter

someVar.filter()

ArrayFind

someVar.find()

ArrayFindAll

someVar.findAll()

ArrayFindAllNoCase

someVar.findAllNoCase()

ArrayFindNoCase

someVar.findNoCase()

ArrayInsertAt

someVar.insertAt()

ArrayIsDefined

someVar.isDefined()

ArrayIsEmpty

someVar.isEmpty()

ArrayLen

someVar.len()

ArrayMap

someVar.map()

ArrayMax

someVar.max()

ArrayMin

someVar.min()

ArrayPrepend

someVar.prepend()

ArrayResize

someVar.resize()

ArraySet

someVar.set()

ArraySlice

someVar.slice()

ArraySort

someVar.sort()

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22

ArraySum

someVar.sum()

ArraySwap

someVar.swap()

ArrayToList

someVar.toList()

Supported String member functions
The following String member functions are supported:
CJustify

someVar.cJustify()

Compare

someVar.compare()

CompareNoCase

someVar.compareNocase()

Find

someVar.find()

FindNoCase

someVar.findNoCase()

FindOneOf

someVar.findOneOf()

GetToken

someVar.getToken()

Insert

someVar.insert()

LCase

someVar.lCase()

LJustify

someVar.lJustify()

Left

someVar.left()

Len

someVar.len()

Mid

someVar.mid()

RJustify

someVar.rJustify()

RTrim

someVar.trim()

RemoveChars

someVar.removeChars()

RepeatString

someVar.repeatString()

Replace

someVar.replace()

ReplaceList

someVar.replaceList()

ReplaceNoCase

someVar.replaceNocase()

Reverse

someVar.reverse()

Right

someVar.right()

SpanExcluding

someVar.spanExcluding()

SpanIncluding

someVar.spanIncluding()

StripCR

someVar.stripCR()

Trim

someVar.trim()

UCase

someVar.uCase()

Wrap

someVar.wrap()

Similarly, the following String member functions are also supported:

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23

Decrypt, Encrypt, BinaryDecode, BinaryEncode, CharsetDecode, CharsetEncode, URLDecode, URLEncodedFormat,
HTMLEditFormat, HTMLCodeFormat, ParagraphFormat, JSStringFormat, XmlFormat, FormatBaseN,
HTMLEditFormat, HTMLCodeFormat, ParagraphFormat, ToBinary, ToString, ToBase64, Val, GenerateSecretKey,
Hash, REFind, REFindNoCase, REMatch, REMatchNoCase, REReplace, REReplaceNoCase, ReplaceList,
LSParseEuroCurrency, LSParseDateTime, LSIsCurrency, LSIsDate, LSIsNumeric, LSParseCurrency, LSParseNumber,
and ParseDateTime
Supported List member functions
The following List member functions are supported:
ListAppend

someVar.listAppend()

ListChangeDelims

someVar.listChangeDelims()

ListContains

someVar.listContains()

ListContainsNoCase

someVar.listContainsNoCase()

ListDeleteAt

someVar.listDeleteAt()

ListEach

someVar.listEach()

ListFind

someVar.listFind()

ListFindNoCase

someVar.listFindNoCase()

ListFirst

someVar.listFirst()

ListGetAt

someVar.listGetAt()

ListInsertAt

someVar.listInsertAt()

ListLast

someVar.listLast()

ListLen

someVar.listLen()

ListMap

someVar.listMap()

ListPrepend

someVar.listPrepend()

ListQualify

someVar.listQualify()

ListReduce

someVar.listReduce()

ListRest

someVar.listRest()

ListSetAt

someVar.listSetAt()

ListSort

someVar.listSort()

ListToArray

someVar.listToArray()

ListValueCount

someVar.listValueCount()

ListValueCountNoCase

someVar.listValueCountNoCase()

Supported Struct member functions
The following Struct member functions are supported:
StructIsEmpty

someVar.isEmpty()

StructAppend

someVar.append()

StructClear

someVar.clear()

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24

StructCopy

someVar.copy()

StructCount

someVar.count()

StructDelete

someVar.delete()

StructFind

someVar.find()

StructFindValue

someVar.findValue()

StructUpdate

someVar.update()

StructSort

someVar.sort()

StructInsert

someVar.insert()

StructEach

someVar.each()

StructKeyArray

someVar.keyArray()

StructKeyExists

someVar.keyExists()

StructKeyList

someVar.keyList()

Supported Date member functions
The following Date member functions are supported:
CreateODBCDate

someVar.createODBCDate()

CreateODBCDateTime

someVar.createODBCDateTime()

DateDiff

someVar.diff()

CreateODBCTime

someVar.createODBCTime()

LSDateFormat

someVar.lsDateFormat()

DatePart

someVar.datepart()

DaysInYear

someVar.daysIn

Second

someVar.second()

Minute

someVar.minute()

Hour

someVar.hour()

Day

someVar.day()

Week

someVar.week()

Month

someVar.month()

Quarter

someVar.quarter()

Year

someVar.year()

DaysInMonth

someVar.daysInMonth()

DayOfWeek

someVar.dayOfweek()

DayOfYear

someVar.dayOfYear()

FirstDayOfMonth

someVar.firstDayOfMonth()

DateTimeFormat

someVar.dateTimeFormat()

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25

TimeFormat

someVar.timeFormat()

DateFormat

someVar.dateFormat()

DateAdd

someVar.add()

DateConvert

someVar.convert()

Supported Image member functions
The following Image member functions are supported:
ImageGetWidth

someVar.getWidth()

ImageSetDrawingColor

someVar.setDrawingColor()

ImageGetBufferedImage

someVar.getBufferedImage()

ImageTranslateDrawingAxis

someVar.translateDrawingAxis()

ImageSetDrawingStroke

someVar.setDrawingStroke()

ImageNegative

someVar.negative()

ImageCopy

someVar.copy()

ImageDrawRect

someVar.drawRect()

ImageCrop

someVar.crop()

ImageGetHeight

someVar.getHeight()

ImageGetIPTCTag

someVar.getIPTCTag()

ImageDrawOval

someVar.drawOval()

ImageSharpen

someVar.sharpen()

ImageOverlay

someVar.overlay()

ImageGetEXIFTag

someVar.getEXIFTag()

ImageDrawBeveledRect

someVar.drawBeveledRect()

ImageAddBorder

someVar.addBorder()

ImageShear

someVar.shear()

ImageInfo

someVar.info()

ImagePaste

someVar.paste()

ImageDrawArc

someVar.drawArc()

ImageShearDrawingAxis

someVar.shearDrawingAxis()

ImageDrawRoundRect

someVar.drawRoundRect()

ImageGrayscale

someVar.grayscale()

ImageSetDrawingTransparency

someVar.setDrawingTransparency()

ImageScaleToFit

someVar.scaleToFit()

ImageClearRect

someVar.clearRect()

ImageTranslate

someVar.translate()

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ImageFlip

someVar.flip()

ImageWriteBase64

someVar.writeBase64()

ImageSetBackgroundColor

someVar.setBackgroundColor()

ImageDrawLine

someVar.drawLine()

ImageDrawQuadraticCurve

someVar.drawQuadraticCurve()

ImageRotate

someVar.rotate()

ImageGetBlob

someVar.getBlob()

ImageWrite

someVar.write()

ImageBlur

someVar.blur()

ImageRotateDrawingAxis

someVar.rotateDrawingAxis()

ImageSetAntialiasing

someVar.setAntialiasing()

ImageDrawPoint

someVar.drawPoint()

ImageDrawCubicCurve

someVar.drawCubicCurve()

ImageXORDrawingMode

someVar.xorDrawingMode()

ImageDrawText

someVar.drawText()

ImageDrawLines

someVar.drawLines()

ImageResize

someVar.resize()

Supported Spreadsheet member functions
The following Spreadsheet member functions are supported:
SpreadsheetDeleteRow

someVar.deleteRow()

SpreadsheetFormatColumn

someVar.formatColumn()

SpreadsheetShiftRows

someVar.shiftRows()

SpreadsheetCreateSheet

someVar.createSheet()

SpreadsheetReadBinary

someVar.readBinary()

SpreadsheetWrite

someVar.write()

SpreadsheetAddRow

someVar.addRow()

SpreadsheetShiftColumns

someVar.shiftColumns()

SpreadsheetGetCellFormula

someVar.getCellFormula()

SpreadsheetDeleteColumns

someVar.deleteColumns()

SpreadsheetAddFreezePane

someVar.addFreezePane()

SpreadsheetDeleteColumn

someVar.deleteColumn()

SpreadsheetSetCellComment

someVar.setCellComment()

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SpreadsheetSetActiveSheetNumber

someVar.setActiveSheetNumber()

SpreadsheetSetHeader

someVar.setHeader()

SpreadsheetAddSplitPane

someVar.addSplitPane()

SpreadsheetMergeCells

someVar.mergeCells()

SpreadsheetFormatRows

someVar.formatRows()

SpreadsheetGetCellComment

someVar.getCellComment()

SpreadsheetGetCellValue

someVar.getCellValue()

SpreadsheetAddInfo

someVar.addInfo()

SpreadsheetSetCellValue

someVar.setCellValue()

SpreadsheetSetFooter

someVar.setFooter()

SpreadsheetRemoveSheet

someVar.removeSheet()

SpreadsheetSetRowHeight

someVar.setRowHeight()

SpreadsheetSetActiveSheet

someVar.setActiveSheet()

SpreadsheetFormatCellRange

someVar.formatCellRange()

SpreadsheetFormatCell

someVar.formatCell()

SpreadsheetAddRows

someVar.addRows()

SpreadsheetFormatColumns

someVar.formatColumns()

SpreadsheetAddImage

someVar.addImage()

SpreadsheetSetCellFormula

someVar.setCellFormula()

SpreadsheetAddColumn

someVar.addColumn()

SpreadsheetDeleteRows

someVar.deleteRows()

SpreadsheetSetColumnWidth

someVar.setColumnWidth()

SpreadsheetFormatRow

someVar.formatRow()

SpreadsheetInfo

someVar.info()

Supported XML member functions
The following XML member functions are supported:
XmlTransform

someVar.transform()

XmlGetNodeType

someVar.getNodeType()

XmlChildPos

someVar.childPos()

XmlElemNew

someVar.elemNew()

XmlSearch

someVar.search()

Supported Query member functions

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The following Query member functions are supported:
QueryAddColumn

someVar.addColumn()

QueryGetRow

someVar.getRow()

QueryConvertForGrid

someVar.convertForGrid()

QuerySetCell

someVar.setCell()

QueryAddRow

someVar.addRow()
someVar.getResult()

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Chapter 6: Developing CFML
Applications

Developing CFML Applications
In this section, you can understand about building optimized and secured application, using persistent data and
locking techniques, and using the ColdFusion threads effectively. You can additionally understand the debugging and
troubleshooting techniques.
Designing and Optimizing a ColdFusion Application
Handling Errors
Using Persistent Data and Locking
Using ColdFusion Threads
Securing Applications
Developing Globalized Applications
Debugging and Troubleshooting Applications
Using the ColdFusion Debugger
Client-side CFML (for mobile development)
Social Enhancements
REST Enhancements in ColdFusion 11
Authentication through OAuth

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Designing and Optimizing a ColdFusion Application
Application elements and how you structure an application on your server make your Adobe ColdFusion pages an
effective Internet application. You use the Application.cfc and Application.cfm files and various coding methods to
optimize the efficiency of your application.
About applications
Elements of a ColdFusion application
Structuring an application
Defining the application and its event handlers in Application.cfc
Migrating from Application.cfm to Application.cfc
Using an Application.cfm page
Optimizing ColdFusion applications

Handling Errors
Adobe ColdFusion includes many tools and techniques for responding to errors that your application encounters.
These tools include error handling mechanisms and error logging tools. For information on user input validation, see
Introduction to Retrieving and Formatting Data and Building Dynamic Forms with cfform Tags For information on
debugging, see Debugging and Troubleshooting Applications.
About error handling in ColdFusion
Understanding errors
Error messages and the standard error format
Determining error-handling strategies
Specifying custom error messages with the cferror tag
Logging errors with the cflog tag
Handling runtime exceptions with ColdFusion tags

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Using Persistent Data and Locking
Adobe ColdFusion provides several variable scopes in which data persists past the life of a single request. These are the
Client, Application, Session, and Server scopes. These scopes let you save data over time and share data between pages
and even applications. Use these scopes as persistent scopes. In particular, use the Client and Session scopes to maintain
information about a user across multiple requests. ColdFusion lets you lock access to sections of code to ensure that
ColdFusion does not attempt to run the code, or access the data that it uses, simultaneously or in an unpredictable
order. This locking feature is important for ensuring the consistency of all shared data, including data in external
sources in addition to data in persistent scopes. You can use persistent scopes to develop an application and use locking
to ensure data consistency.
About persistent scope variables
Managing the client state
Configuring and using client variables
Configuring and using session variables
Configuring and using application variables
Using server variables
Locking code with cflock
Examples of cflock

Using ColdFusion Threads
You can use threads in Adobe ColdFusion to simultaneously run multiple streams of execution in a ColdFusion page
or CFC.
About ColdFusion threads

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Creating and managing ColdFusion threads
Using thread data
Working with threads
Using ColdFusion tools to control thread use
Example: getting multiple RSS feeds

Securing Applications
Resource security (Adobe ColdFusion Standard) or sandbox security (Adobe ColdFusion Enterprise) restricts access
to specific resources, such as tags and files. You use the ColdFusion Administrator to configure sandbox or resource
security, and structure an application to take advantage of this security.User security depends on a user identity. You
can implement user security in Adobe ColdFusion applications. For detailed information on using Administratorcontrolled security features, see Configuring and Administering ColdFusion.
ColdFusion security features
About resource and sandbox security
About user security
Using ColdFusion security tags and functions
Security scenarios
Implementing user security
Security enhancements in ColdFusion 10

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Client-side CFML (for mobile development)
document
This document describes the client-side CFML capabilities. Client-side CFML allows the development of client-side
applications using CFML. Client-side CFML can be used to develop CF-based mobile applications wherein the CFML
code in the application is converted to HTML/JavaScript by the ColdFusion Server.
Note: Before you begin – To try out the examples provided in this document , you need to set up the ColdFusion mobile development
environment. See Configuring the development environment .

The new  tag
 is a new tag introduced in ColdFusion 11 to support mobile development. This tag has been introduced to
convert the CFML code that it encloses into JavaScript code. A ColdFusion developer can now develop mobile
applications using CFML by leveraging the transformation functionality offered through the  tag. So, you do
not need to know JavaScript to write mobile web applications.

Even if you are an experienced JavaScript developer,  can still be used to simplify the mobile application
development as it abstracts the complexities involved in building a mobile application using JavaScript and HTML.

Note: The CFML constructs to be executed at the client-side have to be embedded within the  tag. Not all
tags, functions, and CFML functionalities are supported for conversion to HTML/JavaScript. For the complete list of
CFML tags and functions that  tag supports, see Supported CFML language constructs and Supported CFML
tags.

The rationale behind choosing to support only a certain set of tags and functions is to strengthen the relevance of CFML
for client-side mobile application development.
How does the transformation work
Let us see how the regular  tag gets rendered on a browser.
Your ColdFusion code:
Hello World

What the browser gets from the ColdFusion Server:
Hello World

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Let us revisit the Hello World  example mentioned in the A customary hello world example section.
Now, if your ColdFusion code is:
  #myvar# 

Check the source of the web page translated by ColdFusion Server. It will be pure JavaScript wrapped in an HTML page.
As you can infer, the CFML code available in the  block gets converted to JavaScript. Though this example is
simple, the translation works the same way for complex CFML code.
Supported CFML language constructs
The following CFML language constructs are supported in client-side CFML, which includes all the logical/conditional
and flow constructs:

• IF/ELSE/ELSEIF
• WHILE/DO WHILE
• CFLoop/CONTINUE/BREAK
• SWITCH/CASE/DEFAULTCASE
• TRY/CATCH/FINALLY
• FOR
• TERNARY OPERATOR
• THROW
• IMPORT
• INCLUDE
• ABORT
• EXIT
• FUNCTION/ARGUMENT/RETURN
• FUNCTION INVOCATION
• CUSTOM TAGS
Supported CFML tags
The following CFML tags are supported in client-side CFML:

• CFSET
• CFOUTPUT
• CFINCLUDE
• CFSCRIPT
• CFOBJECT
• CFINVOKE
• CFMODULE
• CFSAVECONTENT
• CFPARAM
• CFPROPERTY

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• CFCOMPONENT
• CFABORT
• CFEXIT
• CFRETURN
• CFBREAK
• CFCONTINUE
• CFQUERY
• CFQUERYPARAM
• CFFLUSH
Note that member functions are also supported in client-side CFML. The  tag does not support device APIs.
Where client-side CFML differs from the server-side CFML
Though you can have any valid CFML code in the  code block, there are behavioral restrictions on the CFML
tags and constructs. Some of the behavioral restrictions are listed here:

• The keys for implicit structure will be static. For instance, you cannot declare {“#a#”:”value”}. Also, {a:a} will become
{‘a’:a}.
• In the  tag, dynamic template name(##) is not supported:
   

This limitation is applicable for the  tag too.

• Also, the  tag only supports files with extensions .cfm, .js, and .css.
• The Boolean behavior differs in . For example, In ColdFusion, 0/1, true/false, ‘true’/’false’, yes/no are all
treated as Boolean. However, in , only true/false are Boolean.
• In ColdFusion, x=“1” is still a number even with the quotes. However,  treats this as a string. Ensure that
you follow strict data types for the functions to avoid abnormal behavior.
• In ColdFusion,  is a date but inside  it is not. Note that  follows JavaScript date
format instead of ColdFusion date format.
• In ColdFusion,  is 0 but inside  it is 0.5.
• ColdFusion server exceptions will not work on client side.
• The format of the Date/Time/DateTime objects created by createDate, createTime, and createDateTime respectively
differs from the server side CFML behavior. For instance, the following code:
#CreateDateTime( 1776, 7, 4, 12, 59, 0)#

On server side, you will get the output: {ts '1776-07-04 12:59:00'} When you use parseDateTime on client side CFML,
ensure that you pass the output obtained from the creatDateTime function as an argument to create the DateTime
object.

• The following code will not work because of the strict data types:
  #date1 +
mytimespan# #DateFormat(date1 + mytimespan)#

In the above example, timespan when added to datetime, becomes a string.

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• Note: The DateFormat function does not work with Firefox and Internet Explorer. In Chrome, the function displays
output correctly. A possible workaround is to use a function like createDateTime(2003,6,11,10,50,32) and pass the
date object to dateFormat function.
• Function naming convention – Functions supported by browser and PhoneGap will have server CFML syntax. For
instance, FileXXX. The PhoneGap functions will follow the Object access approach. For instance, Camera.XXX.
• Scopes available on server side is not supported on client side.
• Argument Collection will not be supported for passing arguments.
• arraySort function differs in the behavior when its numeric numbers like 0002, 00001, 1.0E+5 and the sort type is
text.
 anumeric = arrayNew(1); anumeric[1] = 01; anumeric[2] = 001; anumeric[3] = 1; anumeric[4] = 1.001; anumeric[5] = 1.1;
anumeric[6] = 1.101; anumeric[7] = 1.109; anumeric[8] = 1.11; anumeric[9] = 2; anumeric[10] = 02; anumeric[11] = 00002; anumeric[12] =
20; anumeric[13] = 50; anumeric[14] = 1.0E+2; anumeric[15] = 100; anumeric[16] = 1000; anumeric[17] = 1.0E+5;    #i# 

Actual output for the above code: 1 1 1 1.001 1.1 1.101 1.109 1.11 100 100 1000 100000 2 2 2 20 50 Expected output
for the above code: 00002 001 01 02 1 1.001 1.0E+2 1.0E+5 1.1 1.101 1.109 1.11 100 1000 2 20 50 This is because
JavaScript represents 02, 002, 2 in the same way as '2' and hence differs in sort.

• Duplicate function behavior for struct differs when the struct internally has a reference to another struct more than
once. On server side, changing the value in the duplicated struct’s referred key will also change the values at other
referred points. However, in the case of client side CFML, this does not happen.
  

In the above example, if you change the value of str2dup.value1.value, on the server side, value of
str2dup.value2.value is also changed automatically as they both refers to same structure. But on client side, this is
not the behavior.

• On client side, calling a super function from an included CFM or CFC is not supported.
• Positional arguments are not supported.
When you use the  tag inside the  tag, the contents of the  tag is not immediately
processed. Hence, you may encounter certain issues while using this code:
  
   

In this case, while the document.getElementById() statement is being invoked, cfoutput is not processed. Hence, you
will not find an element with id "result", which will result in a runtime error.
In this case, you can directly write to the DOM, instead of using cfoutput: