Wi Lan EB02 Advanced Wireless Ethernet Bridge User Manual 120 58
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AWE 120-58 Advanced Wireless Ethernet Bridge Installation & Configuration Guide APR 2001 Rev 3 Contents Important Information .................................................................... vii Notices ................................................................................................ix Copyright Notice ..............................................................................................................................ix Regulatory Notice .............................................................................................................................ix Other Notices .....................................................................................................................................x Warranty & Repair .............................................................................................................................x Customer Support Contacts ...........................................................................................................x Distributor Technical Support .......................................................................................................xi Wi-LAN Product Information ........................................................................................................xi Description ..........................................................................................1 Features ................................................................................................................................................1 About Spread Spectrum ....................................................................................................................1 About AWE Units Some System Applications ................................................................................................................3 Making a Simple Wireless Bridge Creating a Simple Wireless Network Creating a Network with Cells Using a Repeater Base Building a WAN Hardware Description ......................................................................................................................7 Shipping Package Contents AWE 120-58 Unit AWE 120–58 Specifications .......................................................................................................... 10 Installation .........................................................................................13 Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 13 Obtain Network Plan ..................................................................................................................... 14 APR 2001 Rev 03 Assemble Units .................................................................................................................................14 Checking the Shipping Contents Assembling AWE Units Checking the Power 14 14 16 Pre-Configure Units .........................................................................................................................16 Configuring a Base Station Configuring a Remote Unit 16 19 Bench Test Units ..............................................................................................................................21 Establishing a Basic RF Link Testing the Link and Adjusting Tx Power Performing Simple Network Tests 21 23 25 Install Units ........................................................................................................................................29 Point-to-Multipoint Installation Co-Location Installation 30 30 Test Network ...................................................................................................................................30 Adding to a Network ......................................................................................................................30 Preventative Maintenance and Monitoring ..................................................................................................................................31 Configuration .................................................................................... 33 Overview ............................................................................................................................................33 Main Menu 33 Accessing the Main Menu ...............................................................................................................34 Accessing the Main Menu with HyperTerminal® Accessing Units via telnet Setting VT100 Arrows 34 35 35 Configuring with the Main Menu ..................................................................................................36 Unit Identification .............................................................................................................................37 Viewing Unit Identification Assigning Unit Identification Information 37 38 Hardware/Software Revision .........................................................................................................39 Viewing System Revision Information 39 System Software ROM Images ......................................................................................................40 Viewing System Software ROM Images 40 System Current Status ....................................................................................................................41 Viewing System Current Status 41 Network Configuration ..................................................................................................................42 Viewing Internet IP Addresses and Subnet Mask Setting the Internet IP Address Setting the IP Subnet Mask Setting the Default Gateway IP Address (future) Setting the SNMP NMS Trap IP Address (future) Setting the MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes ii 42 43 43 44 44 44 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide IP Filter Configuration .................................................................................................................... 45 Viewing IP Filter Configuration Enabling IP Packet Filtering Enabling IP Address Filtering Setting IP Address Filter Range Setting the IP Filter Base Address 45 47 47 48 48 RF Station Configuration ............................................................................................................... 49 Viewing Current RF Station Configuration Setting the Operating Mode General Equipment Setup for Performing RF Tests Setting Test Mode Timer Minutes Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode) Performing Transmit and Receive Tests Performing the RSSI Test Setting the RF Transmit Status Setting the Link Monitor Period Setting Maximum Remote Distance (Base Station Only) Setting Link Monitor Remote Station Rank Adjusting Throttling (Remote Station Only) 49 51 52 53 54 57 59 60 61 62 63 64 Radio Module Configuration ......................................................................................................... 65 Viewing the Radio Module Configuration Setting Config Test Minutes Setting the Station Type Setting the Station Rank Setting the Center Frequency Setting Security Passwords Setting the Scrambling Code Setting the Acquisition Code Adjusting the Tx Power Level Setting a Base to Repeater Mode (Base Station Only) Setting System Symmetry Type (Base Station Only) Setting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only) Setting Remote Unit RF Group Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations 65 67 68 69 70 73 74 75 76 77 79 80 81 84 RF/Ethernet Statistics ...................................................................................................................... 86 Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics 86 System Security ................................................................................................................................ 89 Viewing System Security Assigning Community Names Setting Menu Passwords Allowing Remote Access and Configuration Setting the Auto Logout Minutes 89 91 92 94 95 System Commands .......................................................................................................................... 96 Viewing System Command Menu Setting Default System Image Setting the Reboot System Image Rebooting the Current Image Restoring Factory Configurations Resetting Radio and Ethernet Statistics 96 97 98 98 99 100 Link Monitor Display .................................................................................................................... 101 APR 2001 Rev 03 iii Viewing Link Monitor Statistics 101 Logout .............................................................................................................................................. 102 Logging Out 102 Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button .................................................................... 102 Selecting RF Tests with the Mode Button 103 Command Line Interface ............................................................................................................. 104 Troubleshooting ............................................................................. 105 Administrative Best Practices ..................................................................................................... 105 Troubleshooting Areas ................................................................................................................ 106 Troubleshooting Chart 107 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link .................................. 111 Planning the Physical Layout ....................................................................................................... 111 Determine the Number of Remotes Ensure LOS and Determine Coverage Area Measure the Distance Between Units Determine Shelter, Power and Environmental Requirements 111 111 112 112 Determining Antenna and Cable Requirements ............................................................................................................. 112 Determining Unit Configuration Settings ................................................................................ 113 Calculating a Link Budget ............................................................................................................. 113 Link Budget Example .................................................................................................................... 117 Antenna Basics ............................................................................................................................... 118 Antenna Parameters Implementation Considerations Wi-LAN Approved Antennas Antenna Installation Factors Installing Antennas Fine-tuning Antennas Co-locating Units 118 119 120 121 122 123 123 Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal .............................................. 125 Starting HyperTerminal ............................................................................................................... 125 Determining the Communications Port .................................................................................. 126 Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network ..................... 127 Checking Network Adaptor Installation .................................................................................. 127 Configuring the Network ............................................................................................................ 128 Enabling Sharing on the Hard Disk Drive ................................................................................ 131 iv AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Appendix D: SNMP ........................................................................133 About SNMP MIB .......................................................................................................................... 133 Wi-LAN Object Identifier Nodes .............................................................................................. 134 Using SNMP .................................................................................................................................... 134 Using Object Identifier Nodes ................................................................................................... 135 Appendix E: Technical Reference Information ...........................149 Front Panel LEDs ........................................................................................................................... 149 DC Power Plug Pinout ................................................................................................................. 150 Appendix F: Menu Map ..................................................................151 Appendix G: Upgrading Software .................................................153 Obtaining New Software Images ............................................................................................... 153 Downloading Image Software ..................................................................................................... 153 Activating New Software Images ............................................................................................... 155 Removing Old Software Images ................................................................................................. 155 Glossary ...........................................................................................157 Index ................................................................................................167 APR 2001 Rev 03 vi AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Important Information Please be aware of the following information about the AWE 120-58. • Tx power can be adjusted (attenuated) from 0 dB to –31 dB through the configuration menu. • Center frequency is typed into a data field (rather than selected from a list). Available center frequencies range from 5.7410 GHz to 5.8338 GHz in 400 kHz steps. • Indoor antennas are not supplied with the shipping contents. To test and configure units you need to purchase a Bench Test Kit (9000-0034). For bench testing, antennas must be separated by at least 2 meters. WARNING Never operate a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port. Operating a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port can permanently damage a unit. Important All antennas must be installed by a knowedgeable and professional installer. Antennas must be selected from a list of Wi-LAN approved antennas. See Wi-LAN Approved Antennas, page 120 for list. APR 2001 Rev 03 vii Important Information viii AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Notices Copyright Notice Copyright© 2001 Wi-LAN, Inc. All rights reserved. This guide and the application and hardware described herein are furnished under license and are subject to a confidentiality agreement. The software and hardware can be used only in accordance with the terms and conditions of this agreement. No part of this guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, including photocopying and recording—without the express written permission of Wi-LAN, Inc. While every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this guide is correct, Wi-LAN, Inc. does not warrant the information is free of errors or omissions. Information contained in this guide is subject to change without notice. Regulatory Notice The AWE 120-58 product presented in this guide complies with the following regulations and/or regulatory bodies. • RSS-210 of Industry Canada (www.ic.gov.ca) • FCC Part 15 (www.fcc.gov) Operation is subject to the following two conditions. • This device may not cause interference • This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device This equipment generates, uses, and radiates radio frequency and, if not installed and used in accordance with this guide, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. APR 2001 Rev 03 ix Notices If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following methods. • Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna • Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver • Connect equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help • Selecting and testing different channels, if employing 5.8 GHz equipment As the AWE 120-58 is used on a license-exempt, non-frequency coordinated, unprotected spectrum allocation, and thus can be subject to random unidentified interference, applications must not be those of a primary control where a lack of intercommunication could cause danger to property, process, or person. An alternative fail-safe should be designed into any system to ensure safe operation or shut down, should communication be lost for any reason. Other Notices • Changes or modifications to the equipment not expressly approved by Wi-LAN, Inc., could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. • Appropriately shielded remote I/O serial cable with the metal connector shell and cable shield properly connected to chassis ground shall be used to reduce the radio frequency interference. • Radio frequency exposure limits may be exceeded at distances closer than 23 centimeters from the antenna of this device. • All antenna installation work shall be carried out by a knowledgeable and professional installer. • Use only a power adapter approved by Wi-LAN. Warranty & Repair Please contact the party from whom you purchased the product for warranty and repair information. Wi-LAN provides no direct warranty to end users of this product. Customer Support Contacts Users of Wi-LAN equipment who require technical assistance must contact their reseller or distributor. For information on distributors in your area, please visit www.wi-lan.com/channel. AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Distributor Technical Support Distributor Technical Support Distributors may contact Wi-LAN’s Technical Assistance Center (TAC) for technical support on Wi-LAN products. When requesting support, please have the following information available: • Description of the problem • Configuration of the system, including equipment models, versions and serial numbers. • Antenna type and transmission cable lengths • Site information, including possible RF path problems (trees, buildings, other RF equipment in the area) • Configuration of units (base, remote, channels used, etc.) and Link Monitor statistics Contact Wi-LAN’s Technical Assistance Center at the numbers listed below. Canada and USA Call toll free: 1-866-702-3375 Business hours: 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7:00) International Call: 1-403-204-2767 Business hours: 7:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7:00) All locations Send an e-mail message to: techsupport@wi-lan.com Wi-LAN Product Information To obtain information regarding Wi-LAN products, contact the Wi-LAN distributor in your region, call 1-800-258-6876 to speak with a Wi-LAN sales representative or visit our web site at www.wi-lan.com. APR 2001 Rev 03 xi Notices xii AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Description Features The AWE 120-58 advanced wireless Ethernet bridge provides high-speed, wireless connectivity at a fraction of the cost of wired solutions. It operates over the license-exempt 5.7250 – 5.8500 GHz ISM radio band and has a maximum raw wireless data rate of 12.0 Mbps. • Provides wireless connectivity at speeds up to eight times faster than regular T1 lines, making the AWE 12058 ideal for providing high-speed Internet access or for wirelessly extending existing communications infrastructures. • Supports point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and multipoint-to-multipoint networks (if all remotes have clear line of sight to the base station). Contentionless polling ensures efficient access to remote data networks. • Is self-contained and easy to use. Simply connect a AWE 120-58 to each LAN segment, and the unit automatically learns where nodes are located on the network and performs dynamic packet filtering to ensure the local LAN traffic does not overload the wireless connection. • Uses Wi-LAN's patented Multi-Code Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (MC-DSSS) technology, which makes the unit spectrally efficient and resistant to interference. MC-DSSS technology increases data throughput by as much as ten times compared to traditional spread spectrum technology. • Other features include adjustable Tx power level, IP address filtering, throughput throttling and monitoring, high security and reliability, and a flash-code upgrade path. SNMP, telnet and RS-232 management enable users to manage, configure and monitor their wireless network with ease. About Spread Spectrum Three license-free frequency bands (called the ISM bands) are allocated in Canada and the United States to a radio technique known as spread spectrum communication. The bands are located at 900MHz, 2.4 GHz, and 5.8 GHz (shown in the following illustration). The AWE 120-58 operates with spread spectrum technology over the 5.7250 – 5.850 GHz band. APR 2001 Rev 03 Description License-Free ISM Bands 26 MHz Wide 900 MHz 902 MHz 928 MHz 83.5 MHz Wide 2.4 GHz 2.4 GHz 2.4835 GHz 125 MHz Wide 5.8 GHz 5.725 GHz 5.85 GHz Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technology converts a data stream into packets and spreads the packets across a broad portion of the RF band. The particular spread pattern depends upon a code. With multi-code DSSS (MC-DSSS), multiple codes and spread patterns are employed. A spread spectrum receiver reconstructs the signal and interprets the data. Some advantages of DSSS are as follows: • Fast throughput: A wide bandwidth means fast data throughput. • Resistant to interference: DSSS overcomes medium levels of interference and multipath problems. • Security: There must be a decoder at the receiving end to recover data (an AWE can only talk to another AWE). Data is transmitted at irregular time intervals. Upon request, Wi-LAN can assign a customer a data packet security code so that a customer can only receive transmissions from another AWE with the same code. • Low probability of detection: Due to a low amplitude signal and wide bandwidth. • No license fee: A license fee is not required if used in the specified radio bands and the transmitter power is limited. About AWE Units AWE 120-58 units can function as base stations, remote units or repeater bases. Base Station: At least one unit in your wireless network must be configured as a base station. A base station acts as the central control unit of the wireless network. The base station polls all remote units and controls how traffic is routed to and from remotes. The base usually connects to a major access point of the wired network. The antenna of the base station must be capable of transmitting and receiving radio signals to and from all the remote units in a system. If remotes are spread over a large area, an omni-directional antenna is usually required. See Configuring a Base Station, page 16 for information about setting up a base station. AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Some System Applications Remote Units: Remote units receive and transmit wireless data to the base station.You need at least one remote unit for each wireless link. Remotes can limit the amount of data passed by the remote (a function called throttling), and they can filter data packets based on their IP address. Because remote units communicate only with the base station, their antennas can be more directional and have higher gains than base antennas. See Configuring a Remote Unit, page 19 for information about setting up a remote unit. Repeater Base: A base station can be configured as a repeater base. A repeater is needed when remote units cannot communicate directly with each other, but direct transfers of data between them are necessary (as in a true WAN). When configured as a repeater, the base station passes data packets between remote stations based on the remote group status and a list of MAC (Media Access Control) addresses that the base station automatically builds. A single repeater uses a method called "store and forward" to receive data from the originating remote and to pass data to the destination remote. See Setting a Base to Repeater Mode (Base Station Only), page 77 for more information. Two units can also be employed as a dual unit repeater (back-toback) configuration that maximizes data throughput. Some System Applications You can build a wireless network from AWE units and various other components such as cables and antennas. The following section shows some simple examples of AWE applications. Making a Simple Wireless Bridge The simplest example of using a AWE 120-58 is a point-to-point wireless bridge that connects two wired network segments or LANs. Two AWE units are required: a base station and a remote unit. Point-to-Point Wireless Bridge Wireless Link Main Wired Network Wired Network Router Switch Hub Firewall Remote Base Router Hub Switch Firewall Creating a Simple Wireless Network You can create a point-to-multipoint wireless network by adding several remote units to a base station. A base station can support up to 1000 remotes, however,Wi-LAN recommends no more than 225 remotes per base station to esnure high levels of data throughput. See Determine the Number of Remotes, page 111 for more information. APR 2001 Rev 03 Description Point-to-Multipoint Wireless Network Wired Network Router Switch Hub Firewall Remote Wireless Links Main Wired Network Wired Network Router Switch Hub Firewall Base Remote Router Hub Switch Firewall Base station polls Remote Units Wired Network Router Hub Switch Firewall Remote Direct remote-to-remote communication can occur if a direct RF link can be established between remotes, and if remotes are in the same RF group. Remote-to-Remote Communication Remote Wireless Links Main Wired Network Base Remote Remotes must be in the same RF group to communicate directly Remote AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Some System Applications Creating a Network with Cells Cells or data nodes can be created with AWE units to maxmimize coverage, minimize interference, and increase data throughput. Directional antennas are mounted on a mast to divide cells into sectors.Each sector is connected to an antenna and a base station. Directional antennas increase signal gain within the sector and increase the distance possible between base stations and remotes. Center frequency, acquisition code and antenna polarization techniques are used to isolate sectors. The increase in data rate depends on the number of sectors. For example, the data rate of Cell 1 in the diagram below is 36 Mbps (12 Mbps x 3 sectors). Cells are distributed across a service area and can be linked to each other via a wireless link or a fiber optic cable. LAN with Cells and Sectors Cell 2 Remote Remote Cell 1 Remote eless r Wir Remote Fiber Remote Base Stations (3) Link ble o iic Ca Opt Remote Base Stations (3) Remote Remote Remote In this example, cells are divided into120 degree sectors. Cells are linked to other cells by a wired or wireless link. Remote er Fib tiic Op Ca ble Cell 3 or ink sL les ire Remote Remote Base Stations (3) Internet Remote Remote APR 2001 Rev 03 Description Using a Repeater Base A base station can function as a repeater to enable wireless data communication around physical obstacles such as tall buildings or mountains. The repeater passes data around the obstacle to any remote in the same RF group. The single unit repeater slows data throughput due to the "store and foreward" process where each packet is handled twice. A dual unit repeater does not slow data throughput. Base Station as a Repeater Single Unit Repeater Wireless Links Repeater Wired Network Wired Network Mountain Remote Remote Wired Network Remote Ethernet Dual Unit Repeater Wireless Links Base Base Wired Network Wired Network Mountain Remote Remote Wired Network Remote Building a WAN LAN segments can be linked with AWE units to build a WAN (Wide Area Network). Wi-LAN networks are installed in many locations around the world.You can contact Wi-LAN for help designing your network. AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Hardware Description Hardware Description Shipping Package Contents The shipping package contains the following items. • AWE unit • Power supply, table top adapter (12 Vdc) • Ferrite Block • Power supply cord • Installation and Configuration Guide • Warranty Card If any of the above items are not included in the AWE 120-58 shipping package, contact Wi-LAN customer support. You may also require the following items. • Bench Test Kit (9000-0034) for unit testing and configuration (kit contains two indoor planar antennas, test cables, and adapters) • Cable, straight-through ethernet RJ45, when connecting a unit to a hub • Cable, crossover ethernet cable RJ45, when connecting directly to the Ethernet port of a PC • Cable adapter, DB25F to DB9M • RS-232 DB25 serial cable You can purchase any of these items directly from Wi-LAN or any authorized supplier. Please contact WiLAN for information about obtaining parts from you local supplier or ordering parts from Wi-LAN. APR 2001 Rev 03 Description AWE 120-58 Unit The AWE 120-58 has indicator LEDs on the front panel. Front Panel Air Air Mode Wire Mode Wire Power Power The front panel connector and LEDs are described below. The color of a LED indicates its status. See Front Panel LEDs, page 149 for detailed information. Air LED Color of LED indicates the transmit/receive status of the wireless link: Red = transmitting data to the air Green = receiving data from the air Orange = transmitting and receiving approximately equal amounts of data over the air Off = listening to the air Mode LED Color of LED indicates the operating mode of a unit: Green = Receive Test mode Red = Transmit Test mode Orange= RSSI Test mode (measures fade margin, which is indicated by LED color) Off = Normal mode Wire LED Color of LED indicates the transmit/receive status of the wire link: Green = receiving data from wire Red = transmitting data to wire Orange = transmitting and receiving data on the wire Off = listening to wire or no wire connected Power LED Green = power is connected to transceiver Off = no power is connected to transceiver Connectors for power, antenna and wired network are located on the rear panel, as well as a mode button and a Link LED. AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Hardware Description Rear Panel Power Antenna Port Air Vent Serial Port Link LED Antenna Power Serial Port Link Ethernet Mode Mode Button Ethernet Items located on the back panel are described below: Antenna N-type female connector antenna port is located at the top left of the rear panel. This port should always be connected to an antenna directly or through a 50 ohm coaxial cable Serial Port RS-232, DB9 connector used to communicate with a PC. Use this port to locally configure and test a AWE Power 3-pin power connector. See DC Power Plug Pinout, page 148 for detailed pinout illustration Mode Button Mode button can be used to set the operating mode of a unit without a terminal. See Setting Operating Mode with the MODE Button, page 97 for information about the mode button Ethernet Standard RJ45 female ethernet connector. To connect to a PC Ethernet card, you must use the crossover twisted-pair cable. To connect to a hub, use a straight-through twisted-pair cable Link LED Color of LED indicates the data rate and status of the twisted-pair connection: green = 10BaseT link, functioning properly orange = 100BaseT link, functioning properly off = No link Air Vent Air vent for unit’s internal cooling fan APR 2001 Rev 03 Description AWE 120–58 Specifications General Specifications Modulation Method: Multi-Code Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (MC-DSSS), time division duplexing (TDD) Wireless Data Rate: 12 Mbps raw data rate/up to 9 Mbps operational RF Frequency Range: 5.725 - 5.850 MHz (unlicensed ISM band) Power Requirements: 12Vdc (via 110/240 VAC 50/60 Hz adaptor) 30W (2.5A) maximum power consumption Physical: Size: 19.3 x 4.4 x 25.5 centimeters (7.6 x 1.75 x 10.0 inches) Weight: 1.49 kg (3.27 lb) Radio Specifications Antenna Connector: N-type female Output Power: +21 dBm to –10 dBm Receiver Sensitivity: –80 dBm (1 x e–6 BER) Processing Gain: >10 dB Center Frequency 5.7410 GHz–5.8338 GHz in 400 kHz steps Channel Width 33 MHz Network Support 10 Packet Format: IEEE 802.3 and Ethernet II (High-level protocol transparent) LAN Connection: 10/100BaseT (autonegotiates) Bridge Functionality: Local Packet Filtering (self-learning) Static IP address filtering Dynamic polling of remotes User configurable data rate (throttling) Software is upgradeable online via ftp AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide AWE 120–58 Specifications Wireless Networking Protocols Network Topologies: Point-to-Point, Point-to-Multipoint, Multipoint-to-Multipoint Repeater Mode: User Configurable Private Network User configurable using repeater and RF Group RF Collision Management: Dynamic Polling with Dynamic Time Allocation Security Data Scrambling: User Configurable Data Security Password: Security password of up to 20 bytes in length (1048 combinations) Configuration, Management, and Diagnostics Configuration Methods: SNMP, telnet and RS-232 Serial Port SNMP: Version I compliant (RFC 1157), MIB standard and enterprise (RFC 1213) Management Port Functionality: Supports system configuration, security, access control, wireless LAN diagnostics and management, menu-driven ASCII interface via RS-232 DB-9 connector Environment Units must be operated in a weatherproof environment with an ambient temperature from 0 to 40º Celsius and humidity 0 – 95% non-condensing APR 2001 Rev 03 11 Description 12 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Installation Overview This section explains how to install AWE units.You will first assemble, configure and test units in a controlled environment so that any problems can be solved easily, and then install units in the field. By going through this process, you will ensure a successful installation, save time spent on-site, and reduce travel from site to site. The following basic process should be followed. Obtain Network Plan Bench Test Units Assemble Units Install Units Pre-Configure Units Test Network 1. Obtain the network plan, equipment and tools. 2. Assemble units. —Check the contents of each AWE shipping package to ensure that you have received the required parts. —Connect an indoor antenna or dummy load, connect the power supply unit and check the power. 3. Pre-configure units—Configure units according to the network plan. 4. Bench test units—Test basic RF and network operation of units in a controlled environment. 5. Install units—Place the tested units in their field locations and connect them to antennas, the wired network, and power. Install the ferrite block around the 10/100BaseT Ethernet cable. 6. Test Network—Test the operation of the installed network. APR 2001 Rev 03 13 Installation Obtain Network Plan The network plan describes the network in detail, including the following: • Type and number of units • Physical layout • Configuration settings for each unit • Site names, IP addresses and links • Antenna types, RF cables and cable lengths, surge suppressors, terminators • Network cable types and lengths • Grounding kits and backup power requirements • Link budget • Floor plans and equipment cabinet requirements. The network plan must be completed before any equipment is installed. See Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link, page 111 for more information about network plans. Check your equipment and tools: Ensure that you have all the required parts and equipment specified in the network plan.You will require a Bench Test Kit (9000-0034) and some tools to install and configure units– in addition to a standard tool kit, you will require a laptop PC with HyperTerminal ® or other terminal emulation software and RS-232 cable.You may require a spectrum analyzer, Site Master ® communication test set, digital multimeter, 2-way radios, binoculars, strobe lights, ladder, and weatherproof caulking. Assemble Units Checking the Shipping Contents Check the contents of each AWE shipping package to ensure that you have received all the materials. See Shipping Package Contents, page 7 for a list. Assembling AWE Units ➧ To assemble a unit 1. Connect an indoor antenna (included with Bench Test Kit) to the antenna port at the back of the unit. Important An indoor antenna is required for each unit for testing and configuration purposes. Indoor antennas must be separated by at least 2 m. Indoor antenna may differ from illustration. 14 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Assemble Units Important Antennas must be installed by a knowedgeable and professional installer. WARNING Never operate a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port. Operating a unit without an antenna, dummy load, or terminator connected to the antenna port can permanently damage a unit. 2. Connect the power supply unit to the Power connector at the back of the unit.The AWE 120-58 must be connected only to a Wi-LAN approved power supply unit with an output of 12 Vdc. See DC Power Plug Pinout, page 150 for pinout information. Antenna and Power Connections Indoor Antenna Antenna port SMA to N-type Adaptor Coaxial Cable DC Power Plug 12 Vdc Hint: To turn unit power ON or OFF, connect or disconnect the power cord here. Power LED Power Supply Unit AC Power Cord APR 2001 Rev 03 15 Installation Checking the Power ➧ To check the power 1. Plug the AC power cord into the AC power outlet. 2. Plug the DC power plug (12 Vdc) to the unit’s power connector. 3. Plug the AC power cord into the power supply unit. The green Power LED on the front of the unit turns ON and the Air, Mode and Wire LEDs turn ON briefly then turn OFF. The green Power LED stays ON. The Mode LED stays OFF (indicating Normal mode). The Air LED is orange, green, red or OFF. See Front Panel LEDs, page 149 for more information about LEDs. If the green Power LED does not turn ON, check your AC power source and the power supply unit. Measure the power supply unit voltage at the DC Power Plug between pins 1 and 2. See DC Power Plug Pinout, page 150. The output should be 12 Vdc and the power supply unit power LED should be ON. Pre-Configure Units This section describes how to pre-configure a base station and a remote unit, which are the basic units required for a point-to-point wireless link. Once you have configured and tested this basic equipment, you can configure and test all remaining units. See Configuration, page 33 for detailed information about configuration settings. Configuring a Base Station When you configure a unit as a base station, you need to perform the following tasks. • Check the Network Configuration information of the unit. • Set the Station Type of the unit to "Base Station" • Assign the Station Rank (# equal to or greater than the number of remote units) • Choose a Center Frequency (must be the same for all units in network) • Select an Acquistion Code (must be the same for all units in network) • Set Tx Power Level Adjust intially to "0 dB" • Set the security passwords (must be the same for all units in network) • Change the default menu passwords These tasks are described below in detail. ➧ To configure a unit as a base station 1. Connect a PC to the AWE unit that will be the base station. Connect the COM port of the PC to the serial port of the AWE with the adapter plug and straight through RS-232 cable. 16 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Pre-Configure Units Connecting PC to Serial Port AWE Unit Detail AWE Serial Port (DB9) RS-232 DB 25 to 9 pin Adapter Serial Port (See detail) RS 232 Serial Cable to PC COM port RS-232 Serial Cable to PC COM port PC 2. Start HyperTerminal® (see Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal, page 125 for details) or another terminal emulation program such as Tera Term™. Use the following communication settings: 9600 bps, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control. 3. Press Enter. The AWE 120-58 Login window is displayed. Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Login Software: Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (Aug 25 2000 10:13:37) Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash) Enter Password: 4. Type the default password (supervisor) and press Enter. The Main Menu is displayed. Note: supervisor enables you to change the configuration settings with the Main Menu. See Setting Menu Passwords, page 87 for more information about menu passwords. APR 2001 Rev 03 17 Installation Main Menu How to Use the Main Menu Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Main Menu • To select an item from the Main Menu or a sub-menu, press the keyboard arrow keys to move the cursor –> next to the item. -> Unit Identification Hardware/Software Revision System Software ROM Images Current System Status Network Configuration IP Filter Configuration RF Station Configuration Radio Module Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics System Security System Commands Link Monitor Display Enter to Press the Enter key open the data entry field. • To scroll through items in the data entry field, press Enter to select an item Press from the field. • Logout To exit from a menu, press the Esc key. Esc 5. Select Network Configuration. Check the network configuration information, the IP address and subnet mask settings. If necessary, change settings to match the network plan. 6. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute • Select Station Type. Choose Base Station. 18 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Pre-Configure Units • Select Station Rank. Enter the total number of remote units in your wireless network. For example, if you have only one remote unit, enter "1". If there are 20 remote units, enter "20". • Choose a Center Frequency. Enter the value of the center frequency (range is 57410–58338 in 400 kHz steps). All wireless units must be set to the same center frequency. • Select Security Password x. Type security passwords in hexadecimal for the unit. All units in the same network must have the same set of security passwords. • Select Scrambling Code. Enter a hexadecimal value or leave the default at "0". All units in the same network must have the same scambling code. • Select Acquistion Code. Enter a value from 0–15. (All units in the same network must have the same acquisiton code.) • Select Config Test Minutes. Enter a time in minutes, for example, 10. The unit will automatically reboot when this time period expires, and uses the settings stored in flash memory instead of current settings. • Select Tx Power Level Adjust. Choose an initial value of 0 dB, which means no Tx power attenuation. • Select Reboot New RF configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the Login window is displayed. 7. Log in to the unit. (Type supervisor for the password). The Main Menu is displayed. 8. Select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. • Select Save Current Config to Flash and press Enter. The new settings are stored in flash memory and displayed on the menu. The word Success appears on the screen. 9. Press Esc to go back to the Main Menu. 10. Select Logout to exit or press Esc. Note: At this time you may want to finish configuring the base station according to the network plan. See Configuration, page 33 for instructions about viewing and changing various settings. Configuring a Remote Unit When you configure a unit as a remote unit, you need to do the following tasks. • Check the Network Configuration information of the unit • Set the Station Type of the unit to "Remote Unit" • Assign the Station Rank (polling ID # of the remote unit) • Select a Center Frequency (must be the same for all units in network) • Select an Acquistion Code (must be the same for all units in network) • Set Tx Power Level Adjust intially to "0 dB" • Set the security passwords (must be the same for all units in network) • Change the default menu passwords These tasks are described below in detail. APR 2001 Rev 03 19 Installation ➧ To configure a unit as a remote unit 1. Connect a PC to a AWE remote unit. Connect the COM port of the PC to the Serial port of the remote unit using an adapter plug and RS-232 cable. See Configuring a Base Station, page 16 for cabling diagram. 2. Start HyperTerminal® or other terminal emulation program (see Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal, page 125). Use the following commnication settings: 9600 bps, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no flow control. 3. Press Enter. The AWE 120-58 Login window is displayed. 4. Type the default password supervisor and press Enter. The Main Menu is displayed. 5. Select Network Configuration. Check the IP settings. If necessary, change the settings to match the network plan. 6. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute • Select Station Type. Choose Remote Unit. • Select Station Rank. Enter the rank number of the remote unit. Enter a number from 1–1000. • Choose a Center Frequency. Enter the value of the center frequency (range is 57410–58338 in 400 kHz steps). All wireless units must be set to the same center frequency. • Select Security Password x. Type security passwords in hexadecimal for the unit. All units in the same network must have the same set of security passwords. • Select Scrambling Code. Enter a hexadecimal value or leave the default at "0". All units in the same network must have the same scambling code. • Select Acquistion Code. Enter a value from 0–15. (All units in the same network must have the same acquisiton code.) • Select Config Test Minutes. Enter a time in minutes, for example, 10. The unit will automatically reboot when this time period expires, and uses the settings stored in flash memory instead of current settings. 20 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Bench Test Units • Select Tx Power Level Adjust. Choose an initial value of 0 dB, which means no Tx power attenuation. • Select Remote Unit RF Group. Enter a value from 0–63. (For testing purposes, you may leave the value = 0.) • Select Reboot New RF configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the Login window is displayed. 7. Log in to the unit. (Type supervisor for the password). The Main Menu is displayed. 8. Select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration window is displayed. The settings under Current change to values that were in the New column. 9. Select Save Current Config to Flash and press Enter. The new settings are stored in flash memory and displayed on the menu. The word Success appears on the screen. 10. Press Esc to go back to the Main Menu. 11. Select Logout to exit or press Esc. Note: At this time you may want finish configuring the unit according to the network plan. See Configuration, page 33 for instructions about viewing and changing various settings. Bench Test Units In this section, you will perform the following tasks: • Ensure that a basic RF link exists between a base station and a remote unit. • Test the basic link with Link Monitor and adjust Tx power level. • Perform some simple network tests. Establishing a Basic RF Link This test ensures that a basic RF link exists between a base station and a remote unit. IMPORTANT The quality of your digital data transmission depends greatly on the quality of your RF link. Always try to establish a high-quality RF link first. A high-quality RF link will result in high-quality data transmissions and a low BER. A low-quality RF link will result in low-quality data transmissions and a high bit error rate (BER). Digital data can always be sent across a high-quality RF link. If the RF link is of poor quality, data either cannot be sent at all or will contain too many errors to be useful.. Tip: First configure one unit as a base station, and then use it to test all the remote units. To establish a basic RF link 1. Ensure that one unit is configured to a base station, select a center frequency and set the test minutes. See Configuring a Base Station, page 16. 2. Ensure that the other unit(s) are configured as remote units with the center frequency the same as the base station. See Configuring a Remote Unit, page 19. APR 2001 Rev 03 21 Installation 3. Place the base station and a remote unit at least two meters apart with a clear line of sight between antennas. Point the antennas toward each other. Basic Test Setup Indoor Antenna Indoor Antenna 2m minimum Coax Adapter Cable Coax Adapter Cable Air Mode Wire Power Air Mode Wire Air LED = orange Air LED = orange Base Unit Remote Unit Power 4. Power up the base station. The green Power LED is ON. The Air LED of the base unit is red. This Air LED color indicates that the unit is transmitting data but is not receiving a response. (The reason is that the remote is powered off.) 5. Power up the remote unit. The green Power LED is ON. The Air LED of the remote unit turns orange and the Air LED of the base station also turns orange as both units send and receive data from each other. Orange is the normal Air LED color. The color of the Air LED during this step indicates the following conditions. Orange (both stations) Units are continuously sending and receiving sync packets Red (base station) Stations are configured incorrectly, and the base station is transmitting without receiving acknowledgment Green (remote station) Stations are configured incorrectly, and the remote station is receiving packets to which it cannot respond Off Nothing is being received (by the remote) or transmitted (from the base) Note: If antennas are placed too close together, the strong transmit signal will saturate the receiving unit. Fine-tune antennas by changing antenna orientations until the Air LED is orange. Next, you will test the link with the Link Monitor test and adjust the Tx power level to obtain a fade margin of 15–30 dB. . 22 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Bench Test Units Testing the Link and Adjusting Tx Power A basic RF link is established when the base station and remote unit can receive and transmit data to each another (indicated by orange Air LEDs on both units). Once you have established a basic RF link, you test the link by running the Link Monitor test and viewing the link statistics. Finally, you adjust the Tx Power of the base and remote units to obtain a 15–30 dB fade margin. ➧ To test the RF link and adjust Tx power 1. Connect the test PC to the serial port of the base station or remote unit. See Connecting PC to Serial Port, page 17. 2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu. 3. Select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) -> Normal Mode unblocked Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off • Select Operating Mode. Press the arrow keys to select Normal mode. • Select RF Transmit Status. Select unblocked. • Select Link Monitor Remote Station Rank. Enter the rank of the unit that you want to link test. (The rank is the identification number of the unit. The rank of a remote can be any number from 1 – 1000. The rank number of the the base station is always 0. See Setting the Station Rank, page 69.) • Select Link Monitor Period. Enter a link monitor period of 1. (A value of 1 means that 50% of available data packets will carry test data. The higher the period number, the fewer the number of data packets that will carry test data. See Setting the Link Monitor Period, page 61 for more information.) The Link Monitor test starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered in the field. Next, you view the link statistics and adjust Tx power level. APR 2001 Rev 03 23 Installation 4. From the Main Menu select Link Monitor Display and press Enter. The RF Background Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed. RF Background Link Monitor Statistics Link Monitor Rank Base to Remote BER Remote to Base BER Missed Packet Count Base to Remote Env Power Base to Remote Corr Power Remote to Base Env Power Remote to Base Corr Power 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 27 28 29 30 5. Check for the following statistics: • Base to Remote BER = 0.0E+00 • Remote to Base BER = 0.0E+00 • Base to Remote Corr Power between 15 – 50 dB 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. • Remote to Base Corr Power between 15 – 50 dB If the Corr Power is <15 dB the receive signal is probably too weak to be useful. If the power is >55 dB the receiving unit is probably being saturated. Adjust Tx power of both units to obtain a fade margin (Corr Power) of 15–30 dB, as displayed by the Link Monitor Statistics window. See Adjusting the Tx Power Level, page 76 and Performing Transmit and Receive Tests, page 57. When you are finished viewing link monitor statistics, disable Link Monitor to remove the overhead test data from the wireless link. To disable Link Monitor, select RF Station Configuration from the Main Menu and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration window is displayed. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The field is highlighted. Type 0 in the field and press Enter. The link monitor test ends. Press Esc to exit. You have now established an RF link between two units, tested the ability of the link to carry test data, and adjusted the Tx power level to 15–30 dB. Next, you connect the units to a network and perform some simple network tests. 24 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Bench Test Units Performing Simple Network Tests To test units within a simple network you require two AWE 120-58 units, a LAN connection, a PC and a crossover ethernet cable or hub connection. A ferrite block is placed around the 10/100BaseT Ethernet cable to prevent electromagnetic interference (EMI) from transferring from a unit to the Ethernet cable, and from the Ethernet cable to the unit. The ferrite block is included with the contents of the shipping box. Install a ferrite block when testing units, and ensure that a ferrite block is in place when units are installed in the field. ➧ To install the ferrite block 1. Remove the ferrite block from the plastic packaging. 2. Pull the clip and open the ferrite block. See Ferrite Block Clip 3. Place the Ethernet cable in the center of the open ferrite block. Locate the block approximately 4 cm from the cable connector end that plugs into the unit’s Ethernet port. See 4. Close the ferrite block around the Ethernet cable, making sure that the block snaps together. See APR 2001 Rev 03 cm 25 Installation 5. Plug the Ethernet cable into the unit. See Ethernet port Ethernet 26 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Bench Test Units ➧ To perform a simple network test 1. Connect the Ethernet port of the base station to the internet port of the PC.You can either connect to a network hub or connect directly using an RJ45 crossover ethernet cable. Simple Network Test Setup 2m minimum Cable connects to Ethernet port Base Unit Air Mode Wire Air Power Mode Wire Power 10/100 BaseT Cable (Straight Through) Direct 10/100 BaseT Cable (Crossover) LAN 10/100 BaseT Cable 10/100 BaseT HUB PC 2. Power up both AWE units. Initially the LEDs should appear as follows. Power LED Green Mode LED Off Air LED Orange 3. Configure the AWE units within your network. See Network Configuration, page 42 for information about AWE Internet addresses. See Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network, page 127 for information about configuring simple peer-to-peer networks. 4. Create some network traffic to test the wireless link. For example, use ping or ftp put and get to transfer a large test files, in both directions, across the link. The Wire LED on the AWE indicates link file transfer activity to the wired LAN. When the file transfer is done, ftp displays the size of the file and the time it took to transfer the file. This information can be used to measure the data throughput of the wireless link, and is very useful for troubleshooting. APR 2001 Rev 03 27 Installation Using ping and ftp ping From the command line prompt, type: C:> ping IP Address Example: ping 192.163.2.88 ftp To connect to the node, from the DOS prompt, type: C:> ftp IP Address For instructions about using ftp, type "help" at the ftp prompt. ftp> help Follow the instructions. 5. Test all units in the network. 28 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Install Units Install Units This section provides some guidelines about installing units in the field. • Install the units at locations identified in the network plan. WARNING All antennas must be professionally installed following accepted safety, grounding, electrical, and civil engineering standards. An antenna (indoor or outdoor), dummy load, or terminator must be connected to the antenna port of a unit before a unit is powered up to avoid damaging the unit. • Verify that there is no interference at the site by performing spectrum sweeps with a spectrum analyzer. Perform sweeps at various times of the day (for example, 9AM, noon, and 3 PM are peak telephone traffic times.) If there are problems, contact the network planner, who may need to change the system configuration or design. • Sweep antennas and cables with the Site Master® communications test set before securing antennas and cables to towers, while they are on the ground and easy to access. Sweeping helps to ensure that antennas and cables will operate as expected. • Initially install equipment with flexibility—do not tie down cables, antennas should be free to move, allow some slack in cables, avoid drilling and do not seal connections. • Align antennas. (Two people are required, one at the base station and one at the remote unit. When in the field, you may require binoculars and 2-way radios to communicate.) When aligning antennas, adjust the orientation of the remote antenna while running a link monitor test between the remote and the base station. Adjust the antenna until you achieve the highest fade margin with no bit errors (BER = 0). See Performing the RSSI Test, page 59 and Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode), page 54 for instructions. Repeat the antenna alignment procedure for each remote. • When antennas are aligned and cables are secured, sweep the antennas with the Site Master test set a final time before connecting to AWE. • Install ferrite blocks on all 10/100BaseT Ethernet cables at the end of the cable that plugs into the unit. See Performing Simple Network Tests, page 25. • Perform diagnostic tests on the installed system. Compare field results to bench test results using ping, ftp, fade margins, etc. Document your results (these results will be very useful when troubleshooting and monitoring the system’s performance). • When the system works as specified in the network plan, lock down and weatherproof all equipment and connnections. APR 2001 Rev 03 29 Installation Point-to-Multipoint Installation The procedure for installing a point-to-mulitpoint system is the same as the procedure for installing a pointto-point system. Treat each link in a point-to-multipoint system as a single, point-to-point wireless link. Co-Location Installation When you install a system with sectors and co-located base stations (see Creating a Network with Cells, page 5 for an example), you install and test sectors as if they were point-to-point systems; however, in this case you must ensure that individual sectors are not interfering with each other. • Align and test the first sector. Measure the fade margin and run the link monitor test. Document your results, then turn off the radio in the first sector. • Align and test the second sector. Measure the fade margin and run the link monitor test. Leave the link monitor test running in the second sector. • Turn on the radio in the first sector again and run the continuous tranmit test. See Performing Transmit and Receive Tests, page 57. • Observe the BER and fade margin of the second sector radio. Look for changes to determine if the first sector is interfering with the second sector. • Repeat the tests for all sector/pair combinations. Test Network Run the link monitor test and other tests such as ping and ftp file transfers to verify network operation when the units are installed in the field. See Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode), page 54. Adding to a Network Always add to your network one link or device at a time, working from a known base network. Measure and document changes to the system and changes in performance. For example, you can transfer files with ftp and measure the performance with LAN analyzer software. The key to a successful network is to proceed one step at a time and to understand your network! 30 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Preventative Maintenance and Monitoring Network Test Setup Indoor Antenna Indoor Antenna Base Unit Air Mode Wire Remote Unit Air Power Mode Wire Power PC LAN 10/100 BaseT HUB PC with LAN analyzer software Preventative Maintenance and Monitoring You should set up a preventative maintenance schedule for your network. Wi-LAN recommends that the following preventative maintenance be performed at least semi-annually. • Regularly run link monitor tests across the network and measure BER and fade margin.You can also test the network with ping, ftp and file transfers. Other resources are available on the Internet that can help you monitor the performance of your link. • If you have SNMP application software, you can check unit operation from a remote location. See Appendix D: SNMP, page 133 for more information. If you have SNMP application software, you can check unit operation remotely. See Appendix D: SNMP, page 133 for more information. You should periodically perform a physical inspection of each site. • Check that antennas and cables are secure and have not become loose. • Check for physical obstructions in the line-of-sight radio path, such as trees and buildings. • Sweep antennas and cables to ensure that antennas and cables are intact and operating properly. • Check that there are no water leaks in cabinets. • Check weatherproofing. • Check for new sources of electromagnetic interference. APR 2001 Rev 03 31 Installation 32 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Configuration Overview This section explains how to use the Main Menu to configure and test your AWE unit, and to obtain useful statistical and maintenance information. Main Menu In this section, each item in the Main Menu is described in the order that it appears in the menu. See Appendix F: Menu Map, page 151 for a complete listing of submenus. Use the Main Menu and your keyboard keys to select, view or change settings. Some items in the menu simply display information, while others ask you to enter data or make a selection from a list. Main Menu Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Main Menu -> Unit Identification Hardware/Software Revision System Software ROM Images Current System Status Network Configuration IP Filter Configuration RF Station Configuration Radio Module Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics System Security System Commands Link Monitor Display Logout APR 2001 Rev 03 33 Configuration Accessing the Main Menu You can access the Main Menu of a AWE unit with a HyperTerminal ® session (via the Serial port) or a telnet session. Most instructions provided in this chapter assume that you have opened a HyperTerminal session. You can also configure the AWE 120-58 remotely with the SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). See Appendix D: SNMP, page 133 for information about SNMP. Accessing the Main Menu with HyperTerminal® ➧ To access the Main Menu with HyperTerminal 1. Disconnect power from the AWE unit. 2. Connect a serial cable from a DB9 serial port on the PC to the Serial port on the AWE. See Configuring a Base Station, page 16. 3. Start Hyperterminal or other a terminal emulation program on the PC. See Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal. 4. Set the terminal emulation program to emulate a VT100 terminal with the following settings. • COM port PC serial port connected to AWE unit • Bits per second: 9600 • Data bits: • Parity: none • Stop bits: • Flow control: none 5. Reconnect the power to the AWE unit. 6. Press Enter. The Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Login Software: Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (May 25 2000 10:13:37) Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash) Enter Password: 7. Type a default password (user or supervisor) or type your personal password if already have one. Login Account Default Password Privileges User user Read Only Supervisor supervisor Read and Write The Main Menu is displayed. 34 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Accessing the Main Menu Accessing Units via telnet ➧ To access units via telnet 1. Ensure that the unit’s Internet IP address has been configured, the unit has a working Ethernet connection, and wire and remote access has been enabled (see Allowing Remote Access and Configuration, page 94). 2. Ensure that the VT100 Arrows feature in your telnet session is enabled. See Setting VT100 Arrows, page 35. 3. From the DOS prompt, type C:>telnetwhere is the IP address of the unit that you want to configure. 4. Press Enter. The Login menu is displayed. Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Login Software: Hardware: Rev 0.0.0 (Aug 25 2001 10:13:37) Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash) Enter Password: 5. Type the default password (user or supervisor) or type your personal password. The Main Menu is displayed. Setting VT100 Arrows ➧ To set the VT100 arrows in Microsoft telnet 1. In the active Microsoft telnet 1.0 session, select Terminal, Preferences from the menu bar. The Terminal Preferences window is displayed. 2. Click the VT100 Arrows checkbox. 3. Click OK. The VT100 arrows are enabled in the telnet session. You can now use the keyboard arrow keys to navigate the configuration menus. APR 2001 Rev 03 35 Configuration Configuring with the Main Menu This section describes how to configure units with the Main Menu. Menu items are presented in the order they appear in the menu shown below. Main Menu How to Use the Main Menu Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Main Menu -> Unit Identification Hardware/Software Revision System Software ROM Images Current System Status Network Configuration IP Filter Configuration RF Station Configuration Radio Module Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics System Security System Commands Link Monitor Display Logout • To select an item from the Main Menu or a sub-menu, press the keyboard arrow keys to move the cursor –> next to the item. Enter to Press the Enter key open the data entry field. • To scroll through items in the data entry field, press Enter to select an item Press from the field. • To exit from a menu, press the Esc key. 36 Esc AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Unit Identification Unit Identification Viewing Unit Identification You can view a unit’s serial number, production date, and MAC address with the Unit Identification menu. The fields are view only and are set at the factory. You can also view the Unit Name/Description, Unit Location, and Contact Name. These fields are optional and can be changed. ➧ To view unit identification information 1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification and press Enter. The Unit Identification menu is displayed. Unit Identification Serial Number Production Date Ethernet MAC Address Unit Name/Description Unit Location Contact Name Serial-Number Jun 07 2000 001030000000 -> System Name System Location System Manager's Name Serial Number Unique serial number of unit (Read Only) Production Date Date unit was produced (Read Only) Ethernet MAC Address Unique Internet MAC (Media Access Control) address of the unit (Read Only) Unit Name/Description Name of unit (optional) Unit Location Location of unit (optional) Contact Name Name of contact person (optional) APR 2001 Rev 03 37 Configuration Assigning Unit Identification Information You can assign a name, location, and contact name to units. This information will help you to distinguish units by physical location or by meaningful names rather than just station rank. Unit identification information is optional. ➧ To assign or change unit identification information 1. From the Main Menu, select Unit Identification and press Enter. The Unit Identification menu is displayed. Unit Identification Serial Number Production Date Ethernet MAC Address Unit Name/Description Unit Location Contact Name 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 38 Serial-Number 01-01-2000 001030040502 -> System Name System Location System Manager's Name Select Unit Name/Description and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type in a new name or description. Press Enter. The new name or description is displayed in the data field. Select Unit Location and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type the location of the unit. Press Enter. The new location appears in the data field. Select Contact Name and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type a contact or manager name. Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Hardware/Software Revision Hardware/Software Revision Viewing System Revision Information The System Revision Information window shows the revision information of the unit including memory revision number, memory size, and software revision number. ➧ To view system revision information 1. From the Main Menu, select Hardware/Software Revision and press Enter. The System Revision Information window is displayed. The menu is view only. System Revision Information Hardware ROM Size RAM Size Rev 0.0.0 (4MB SDRAM, 4MB Intel Flash) 0x400000 0x400000 Software Rev 1.1.0 (Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 WEBII) Oct 26 2000 10:13:37 329868 Bytes FACTORY-IMAGE File Name Hardware Revision number of the unit, and the amount SDRAM and FLASH memory available in the unit ROM Size Amount of Flash read-only memory in the unit = 4 MB RAM Size Amount of random-access memory in the unit = 4MB Software Revision number of the system image running on the unit, the date of the revision, and the size of the image file (in this example FACTORY-IMAGE is about 318 Kbytes) File Name File name of the system image running on the unit 2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 39 Configuration System Software ROM Images Viewing System Software ROM Images A ROM image is the software that a unit uses to operate. The System Software ROM Images window lists software images currently available in the unit. New images can be loaded into a unit’s Flash ROM from an outside source such as a PC. The example below shows that only the "Factory-Image" is available, however, in the future other images may be available. If required, you can obtain a new image file from the Wi-LAN web site and download it to your AWE unit–see Appendix G: Upgrading Software, page 153 for instructions. See Setting Default System Image, page 97 for instructions about selecting a default image. ➧ To view system software ROM images 1. From the Main Menu, select System Software ROM Images and press Enter. The System Software ROM Images window is displayed. The window is view only. System Software ROM Images File Name Revision Date Time Size Default Image -------------------- -------- ----------- -------- ------ ------------FACTORY-IMAGE 1.1.0 Aug 24 2001 10:13:37 306524 Current File Name Name(s) of system image file(s) stored in the unit. To add or delete images you must use ftp. See Appendix G: Upgrading Software, page 151 Revision Revision number of the system image file. Each time the system image is modified, the revision number increases by 1 unit. For example, the first revision to the file would make the revision number 0.0.1 Date Date image file was last revised Time Time image file was last revised Size Size of image file in bytes Default Image Indicates which image file is the default. Default Image is used at power up. See Setting Default System Image, page 97 to modify default image 2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 40 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide System Current Status System Current Status Viewing System Current Status The System Current Status window provides administration information such as the amount of time a unit has been running and login statistics. ➧ To view system current status 1. From the Main Menu, select System Current Status and press Enter. The System Current Status window is displayed. The window is view only. System Current Status Cumulative Run-Time Current Run-Time Successful Logins Unsuccessful Logins Local User Logged In Telnet User Logged In FTP User Logged In Days: 0 Hours: 16 Days: 0 00:38:38 35 Supervisor None None Cumulative Run-Time Number of hours the system has been running since it was manufactured Information is required for maintenance purposes Current Run-Time Time duration that has passed since the unit was last reset or power cycled Successful Logins Number of times that the configuration menus have been successfully accessed Unsuccessful Logins Number of times that access to the configuration menus has failed Local User Logged In Access level of the user currently logged into the configuration menus via the RS-232 Telnet User Logged In Access level of the user currently logged into the configuration menus via a telnet session FTP User Logged In Access level of the user currently logged into the host FTP server 2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 41 Configuration Network Configuration Each AWE 120-58 unit in a system must have a valid Internet IP address and subnet mask to communicate via TCP/IP.You will need to know this information to remotely manage units. Viewing Internet IP Addresses and Subnet Mask ➧ To view the Internet IP addresses and subnet mask 1. From the Main Menu, select Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu is displayed. Network Configuration Internet IP Address New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) -> Internet IP Subnet Mask Default Gateway IP Address SNMP NMS Trap IP Address MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes (1-60) 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Internet IP Address IP address of unit New Internet IP Address (Reboot Reqd) New IP address of unit Required when changing IP address Internet IP Subnet Mask Number used to determine if a node is part of LAN or whether a transmission must be handled by router (the subnet mask is logically ANDed with the IP address) Default Gateway IP Address (future) Address of the main entry point into the network SNMP NMS Trap IP Address (future) NMS (network management system) trap address Collects alarms and events and passes them to the network administrator MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes Number of minutes after which the MAC (Media Access Control) filter entry will expire 2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 42 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Network Configuration Setting the Internet IP Address ➧ To set the new Internet IP address 1. From the Main Menu, select IP Network Configuration and press Enter. The Network Configuration menu is displayed. Network Configuration Internet IP Address 192.168.1.100 New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) -> 192.168.1.100 Internet IP Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway IP Address 0.0.0.0 SNMP NMS Trap IP Address 0.0.0.0 MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes (1-60) 2. Select New IP Address and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Type the unique Internet IP address for the unit. 4. Press the Enter key. The new Internet IP address appears in the New IP Address (Reboot Reqd)field, but the old address remains in the upper field. 5. To save the changes, reboot the unit or power the unit down and up. 6. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Setting the IP Subnet Mask ➧ To set the default IP subnet address 1. From the Network Configuration menu, select Internet IP Subnet Mask and press Enter. The data field highlights. 2. Type the Internet IP subnet mask for the unit. 3. Press Enter. The Internet IP subnet mask appears in the field and is assigned to the unit. 4. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 43 Configuration Setting the Default Gateway IP Address (future) You can define the IP address of the system gateway. This address designates the main entry point into the network and is usually in the same subnetwork as the unit IP address. ➧ To set the default gateway IP address 1. From the Network Configuration menu, select Network Configuration. The Network Configuration menu is displayed. 2. Select Default Gateway IP Address and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Type the default gateway IP address for the unit. 4. Press Enter. The default gateway IP address for the unit appears in the field. 5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Setting the SNMP NMS Trap IP Address (future) The SNMP (System Network Management Protocol) NMS (Network Management System) Trap IP address identifies the IP address of the network manager. This address passes alarms or events from the unit to the network manager. The network manager can define the types of traps or alarms that will be forwarded to the IP address. ➧ To set the SNMP NMS trap IP address 1. From the Network Configuration menu, select SNMP NMS Trap IP Address and press Enter. The data field highlights. 2. Type the SNMP NMS Trap IP address for the unit. 3. Press Enter. The SNMP NMS Trap IP address appears in the entry field and is applied to the unit. 4. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Setting the MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes The MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes setting enables you to control the number of minutes after which the MAC (Media Access Control) filter will expire. This feature enables you to set the MAC time period of a unit to a value that is most compatible with the MAC time period of other devices on a network. ➧ To set the MAC Filter minutes 1. From the Network Configuration menu, select MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes and press Enter. The data field highlights. 2. Type a value from 1–60 and press Enter. The number of minutes appears in the entry field and is applied to the unit. 3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 44 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide IP Filter Configuration IP Filter Configuration Two different IP filters are available: a packet filter, and an address filter. The IP packet filter determines which type of packets are allowed to pass through a unit. If the IP Packet Filter is OFF, the unit passes all packets. If the IP Packet Filter is ON, the unit passes only IP and ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) packets. IP address filters are actually tables that contain lists of IP addresses. If an address is listed in the table, the unit will pass data packets to other IP addresses. If it is not listed, the unit will not pass data packets. Air IP Address Filter Table xxx.xx.xx.x xxx.xx.xx.x IP xxx.xx.xx.x Addresses Wire Data packets pass only if the IP address is listed in the IP filter table When IP address filtering is enabled, all IP packet are sorted according to the following conditions: 1. If the source IP address is contained in one of the IP address lists, IP packets coming from the wire will be forwarded to the air. If not, IP packets are dropped. 2. If the destination IP address is contained in one of the IP address lists, IP packets coming from the air will be forwarded to the wire. If not, IP packets are dropped. Each IP address filter is defined by a range and a base value. IP address filtering improves system security and helps manage data throughput. Viewing IP Filter Configuration ➧ To view current IP filter configuration 1. From the Main Menu, select IP Filter Configuration and press Enter. The IP Filter Configuration menu is displayed. IP Filter Configuration IP Packet Filtering IP Address Filtering APR 2001 Rev 03 -> off off Filter 1 Range (0-255) Filter 1 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 2 Range (0-255) Filter 2 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 3 Range (0-255) Filter 3 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 4 Range (0-255) Filter 4 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 5 Range (0-255) Filter 5 Base Address 0.0.0.0 45 Configuration off (disabled) All packets are passed on (enabled) Only IP (Internet Protocol) packets and ARP packets can pass off (disabled) Packets from all IP addresses pass on (enabled) Only packets whose IP addresses listed in at least one IP filter pass. Up to five IP filters are available; each filter lists up to 255 IP addresses Filter n Range n = 0–5 Defines how many contiguous IP addresses are in the filter’s list of addresses Filter n Base Address n = lowest IP Address Lowest numbered address on the filter’s list of IP addresses IP Packet Filtering IP Address Filtering Example: To configure a unit to pass only IP data packets from the IP addresses in the list below, 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.11 192.168.2.12 192.168.2.13 194.120.3.51 194.120.3.52 194.120.3.254 194.120.3.255 194.120.4.0 194.120.4.1 you would configure the unit as follows: IP Packet Filtering = on IP Address Filtering = on Filter 1 Range (0 - 255) = 4 Filter 1 Base Address = 192.168.2.10 Filter 2 Range (0 - 255) = 2 Filter 2 Base Address = 194.120.3.51 Filter 3 Range (0 - 255) = 4 Filter 3 Base Address = 194.120.3.254 46 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide IP Filter Configuration Enabling IP Packet Filtering IP Packet filtering should initially be set to off so you can start from a known state and observe changes that result from using the IP packet filter. ➧ To enable IP packet filtering 1. From the IP Filter Configuration menu, select IP Packet Filtering and press Enter. The data field highlights. IP Filter Configuration IP Packet Filtering IP Address Filtering -> off off Filter 1 Range (0-255) Filter 1 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 2 Range (0-255) Filter 2 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 3 Range (0-255) Filter 3 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 4 Range (0-255) Filter 4 Base Address 0.0.0.0 Filter 5 Range (0-255) Filter 5 Base Address 0.0.0.0 2. Scroll to on. 3. Press Enter to make the change. 4. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Enabling IP Address Filtering ➧ To enable IP address filtering 1. From the IP Filter Configuration menu, select IP Address Filtering and press Enter. The data field highlights. 2. Scroll to on and press Enter. 3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 47 Configuration Setting IP Address Filter Range ➧ To set IP address filter range 1. From the IP Filter Configuration menu, select Filter 1 Range (0 - 255) and press Enter. The data field highlights. 2. Type in the number of contiguous addresses in the filter list (0 - 255) and press Enter. 3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Setting the IP Filter Base Address ➧ To set IP filter base address 1. From the IP Filter Configuration menu, select Filter 1 Base Address and press Enter. The data field highlights. 2. Type the IP address and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 48 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide RF Station Configuration RF Station Configuration The RF Station Configuration menu enables you to choose the operating mode, run some tests and optimize the RF link. Four tests can be run from this menu: link monitor test, transmit test, receive test and RSSI test. You can optimize a link by setting the maximum remote distance to a remote and by controlling the rate of data throughput (throttling).You can also block a unit so that it cannot pass any data. Viewing Current RF Station Configuration ➧ To view current RF station configuration 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) -> Normal Mode unblocked 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off Operating Mode Four modes are available: Normal Mode, Receive Test, Transmit Test, and RSSI Test RF Transmit Status Determines if data transmissions through the unit will be blocked or passed Link Monitor Period Period determines the amount of test data that is used to test the link. The smaller the number, the larger the amount of test data and test data overhead. A non-zero value starts the link monitor test Test Mode Timer Minutes Maximum time in minutes that a unit will be allowed to stay in test mode Maximum Remote Distance Distance value compensates for polling delay due to large distances Link Monitor Remote Station Rank Rank (or ID number) of the remote that you want to test APR 2001 Rev 03 49 Configuration Throttle Enable Turns throttling (data throughput control) on or off Throttle Level Determines the data rate of a remote unit. When throttling is enabled, the data rate passed is equal to the throttling level times 128 kbps 2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 50 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide RF Station Configuration Setting the Operating Mode Four modes are available: Normal Mode, Receive Test, Transmit Test, and RSSI Test. Normal Mode Normal operating mode of a unit. Unit transmits and receives data in both directions across the RF link. Link Monitor test is run with the unit set to Normal mode. (You can view the link statistics with Link Monitor Display.) Receive Test Receives test data only. Processes expected packet data and displays statistics on RS-232 monitor. Use this mode to test a unit’s ability to receive data. Transmit Test Transmits test data only. Sends known packet data to the receiving unit. Use this mode to test a unit’s abilty to transmit data. RSSI Test RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) test–indicates signal strength. Unit receives known data packets and displays fade margin data on the Air LED. Use this mode to get a quick visual indication of the signal strength. See Performing the RSSI Test, page 59 for more information. ➧ To set the operating mode 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) -> Normal Mode unblocked 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 2. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Press the arrow keys to select the desired mode: Normal mode, Transmit mode, Receive mode or RSSI mode. 4. Press Enter. The screen clears, and the Mode LED on the unit is ON. The color of the Mode LED indicates the current mode: Normal Mode = off, Transmit Test = red, Receive Test = green and RSSI Test = orange. APR 2001 Rev 03 51 Configuration 5. To exit a mode, briefly disconnect the power or press and hold the Mode button on the rear panel of the unit. The Mode LED goes off (normal mode) and the Login menu is displayed. Note: The operating mode can also be set with the Mode button on the back of the AWE. See Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button, page 102 for more information. General Equipment Setup for Performing RF Tests The general equipment setup is shown below. The specific setup depends on the test you want to run. • To perform the Normal Mode (Link Monitor) test you need to connect a PC to either the base station or a remote unit. • To perform the Transmit Test or Receive Test you need at least one base station with PC, a remote station with PC, and an RF link between units. See Establishing a Basic RF Link, page 21 for instructions about establishing an RF link. • To perform the RSSI test you need a PC for the unit that will transmit. The receiving unit does not require a PC.You can also run this test with the Mode button. General Equipment Setup 2m minimum Remote Unit Base Unit Air Air Mode Wire Mode Wire Power Power To Serial Port To Serial Port RS-232 Serial Cable RS-232 Serial Cable COM Port PC COM Port PC Before you run any tests, you should set the number of test minutes, as descibed below in Setting Test Mode Timer Minutes, page 53. 52 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide RF Station Configuration Setting Test Mode Timer Minutes Before you run any of these tests, you should set the maximum time, in minutes, that a unit will be allowed to stay in test mode. When this time period expires, the AWE unit performs an automatic software reboot and returns to Normal mode. (Test mode timer minutes setting applies only to Transmit Test, Receive Test, and RSSI Test modes.) Note: The test mode timer minutes can be changed only with this menu. This time period does not apply to Normal mode or the Link Monitor test. See Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button, page 102. ➧ To set test mode timer minutes 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) Normal Mode unblocked -> 20 Base Station Only Parameters 2. 3. 4. 5. Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off Select Test Mode Timer Minutes and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type the desired time in minutes (1-1000). (20 minutes is a suggested starting value.) Press Enter. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 53 Configuration Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode) The link monitor test can be run from either a base station or a remote unit that is set to Normal Mode. The test operates in parallel with the message stream, so it consumes some of the link’s total data capacity.You can control the ratio of test data to message data (and thereby control the amount of test data overhead) by setting the link monitor period. See Setting the Link Monitor Period, page 61 for more information. Note: Link monitor test stays in effect even if you power cycle or reboot units, so you must turn it off using the Link Monitor Period (0 = OFF) setting. ➧ To perform Link Monitor test from a base station 1. Connect the test PC to the Serial port of the base station. See General Equipment Setup for Performing RF Tests, page 52. 2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu. 3. Select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) -> Normal Mode unblocked 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The data field highlights. Press the arrow keys to select Normal mode and press Enter. Select RF Transmit Status and press Enter. The data field highlights. Press the arrow keys to select unblocked and press Enter. Select Link Monitor Remote Station Rank and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type the rank of the remote unit that you want to link to and press Enter. (The rank is the identification number of the remote unit. The rank of a remote can be any number from 1 – 1000. See Setting the Station Rank, page 69.) 10. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The data field highlights. 11. Type a link monitor period (1) and press Enter. Link Monitor starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered in the field. (A setting of 1 means that 50% of all data is test data.) 54 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide RF Station Configuration 12. View the link statistics. From the Main Menu select Link Monitor Display and press Enter. The RF Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed. RF Link Monitor Statistics Link Monitor Rank Base to Remote BER Remote to Base BER Missed Packet Count Base to Remote Env Power Base to Remote Corr Power Remote to Base Env Power Remote to Base Corr Power 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 27 28 29 30 13. Check for BER = 0.0E+00 and Corr Power between 15 – 50 dB. If the Corr Power is <15 dB the receive signal is probably too weak. If the power is >55 dB the receiving unit is probably saturated. See Viewing Link Monitor Statistics, page 101 for more information about Link Monitor Statistics. If you have problems, ensure that the unit is configured to its basic default settings (see Restoring Factory Configurations, page 99) and reconfigure the unit, or contact Wi-LAN Technical Assistance Center. 14. When finished viewing link monitor statistics, disable Link Monitor to remove the test overhead data from the RF link. Select RF Station Configuration from the Main Menu and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. 15. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The field is highlighted. 16. Type 0 in the field and press Enter. The link monitor test ends. 17. Press Esc to exit. ➧ To perform Link Monitor test from a remote unit 1. Connect the test PC to the Serial port of the remote unit. See General Equipment Setup for Performing RF Tests, page 52. 2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 55 Configuration 3. Select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) -> Normal Mode unblocked 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The data field highlights. Press the arrow keys to select Normal mode and press Enter. Select RF Transmit Status and press Enter. The data field highlights. Press the arrow keys to select unblocked and press Enter. Select Link Monitor Remote Station Rank and press Enter. The data field highlights and the remote automatically connects with the base station. 9. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The data field highlights. 10. Type a link monitor period (1) and press Enter. Link Monitor starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered in the field. (A setting of 1 means that 50% of all data is test data.) 11. View the link statistics. From the Main Menu select Link Monitor Display and press Enter. The RF Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed. RF Link Monitor Statistics Link Monitor Rank Base to Remote BER Remote to Base BER Missed Packet Count Base to Remote Env Power Base to Remote Corr Power Remote to Base Env Power Remote to Base Corr Power 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 27 28 29 30 12. Check for BER = 0.0E+00 and Corr Power between 15 – 50 dB. If the Corr Power is <15 dB the receive signal is probably too weak. If the power is >55 dB the receiving unit is probably saturated. See Viewing Link Monitor Statistics, page 101 for more information about Link Monitor Statistics. 56 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide RF Station Configuration 13. 14. 15. 16. If you have problems, ensure that the unit is configured to its basic default settings (see Restoring Factory Configurations, page 99) and reconfigure the unit or contact Wi-LAN customer support. When you finish viewing link monitor statistics, disable Link Monitor to remove the test overhead data from the RF link. Select RF Station Configuration from the Main Menu and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The field is highlighted. Type 0 in the field and press Enter. The link monitor test ends. Press Esc to exit. Note: When testing, it is possible to run the link monitor in both directions over one link by enabling link monitor on the base and the remote at the same time. This situation should be avoided during normal operation because it causes needless overhead. Performing Transmit and Receive Tests When performing transmit or receive tests, one unit is set up to operate in Transmit Test mode and the other unit is set up to operate in Receive Test mode. The transmitting unit sends packets of known data to the receiving unit. The receiving unit analyzes the data and displays link statistics on the PC connected to the Serial port. ➧ To set up the transmit unit 1. Connect a PC to the Serial port of the unit. 2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu. 3. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. 4. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The field highlights. 5. Select Transmit Test and press Enter. The Mode LED on the unit is red, indicating that the unit is transmitting. ➧ To set up the receive unit 1. Connect a PC to the Serial port of the unit. 2. Log in to the unit and go to the Main Menu. 3. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. 4. Select Operating Mode and press Enter. The field highlights. 5. Select Receive Test and press Enter. The Mode LED on the turns green, indicating that the unit is receiving. The link statistics are displayed on the receiving unit. Alternating lines of statistics across the screen indicate that data is incoming. See the following example. APR 2001 Rev 03 57 Configuration Link Statistics Example Previous Sample - BER = 0.0E+00, MPC = | BER = 0.0E+00, MPC = 0, EnvP = 63, CorrP = 63 0, EnvP = 63, CorrP = 63 Current Sample Bit Error Rate Missed Packet Count Envelope Power Correlation Power BER Bit Error Rate MPC Missed Packet Count EnvP Envelope Power—the power of the received signal inlcuding noise, measured in dB (0–63) CorrP Correlation Power—the power of the received signal, excluding noise, measured in dB (0–63) 6. Check for BER = 0.0E+00 and CorrP between 15 – 50 dB. If the CorrP is <15 dB the receive signal is probably too weak. If the power is >55 dB the receiving unit is probably saturated. If you have problems ensure that the unit is configured to its basic default settings (see Restoring Factory Configurations, page 99) and reconfigure the unit, or contact Wi-LAN customer support. 7. To end the test, briefly disconnect power from the unit or press and hold the Mode button to return to Normal mode. 58 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide RF Station Configuration Performing the RSSI Test RSSI mode is used to measure the signal strength (fade margin) of a system. When running the test between two units, the transmit unit is set to Transmit Test mode (using either the RF Station Configuration menu or the Mode button). The receive unit is put into RSSI Test mode (using either the RF Station Configuration menu or the Mode button). The Air LED on the receiving unit indicates the fade margin. ➧ To run the RSSI test 1. Put the receiving unit into RSSI mode. See Setting the Operating Mode, page 51 or Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button, page 102. The Mode LED is orange when the unit is in RSSI mode. 2. Put the transmiting unit into Transmit Test mode. The Mode LED on the unit is red, indicating that the unit is in transmit mode. See Setting the Operating Mode, page 51 or Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button, page 102. 3. Observe the color of the Air LED on the receiving unit. The Air LED is green when the signal strength is acceptable. Air LED Color Signal Strength Green Reliable signal—greater than 15 dB fade margin Orange Marginal signal—between 11 and 15 dB fade margin Red Poor signal—less than 10 dB fade margin Blank No signal at all 4. To exit from the test, briefly disconnect power from the unit or press and hold the Mode button to return to Normal mode. APR 2001 Rev 03 59 Configuration Setting the RF Transmit Status This setting can block a unit (or link) from carrying data traffic. It is used to disable units and to discontinue service to customers, if necessary. ➧ To set RF transmit status 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) Normal Mode -> unblocked 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off 2. Select RF Transmit Status and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Select a setting. unblocked Unit passes data in both directions (default setting) blocked Does not pass data in either direction 4. Press Enter. 5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 60 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide RF Station Configuration Setting the Link Monitor Period The Link Monitor Period determines the ratio of test data to message data that is sent when you run the link monitor test. The higher the period number, the smaller the ratio of test data to message data. The following diagram shows the ratios of test data to link data Link Monitor Period Settings Packet Ratio (Test/Link) Period Setting Test Msg Test Msg Test Msg 50% (1/2) 33.3% (1/3) Msg Msg Msg 25% (1/4) Test = test data Msg = message data See Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode), page 54 for information about running the Link Monitor test. ➧ To set Link Monitor Period 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) Normal Mode unblocked -> 1 20 Base Station Only Parameters 2. 3. 4. 5. Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank 5 Km Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) off Select Link Monitor Period and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type the period setting (0=OFF, 1-10000) Press Enter.The test starts as soon as a non-zero value is entered. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 61 Configuration Setting Maximum Remote Distance (Base Station Only) The Maximum Remote Distance setting is used to optimize dynamic polling by compensating for time delays caused by long distances between the sending unit and the receiving unit. IMPORTANT In the base unit, the Maximum Remote Distance should always be set to the distance between the base and the farthest remote. ➧ To set the maximum remote distance 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer (1-1000)mins Normal Mode unblocked 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) 2. 3. 4. 5. 62 -> 5 Km off Select Maximum Remote Distance and press Enter. The data field highlights. Press the arrow keys to set the distance of the furthest remote unit (5 km increments are used). Press Enter. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide RF Station Configuration Setting Link Monitor Remote Station Rank When you run the Link Monitor Test from a base station, you need to specify the rank (ID number) of the remote that you want to test. When you run the link monitor test from a remote, there is only one base, so the rank number does not need to be entered. ➧ To set the link monitor remote station rank 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0-OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer Minutes (1-1000) Normal Mode unblocked 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) 2. 3. 4. 5. 5 Km -> 1 off Select Link Monitor Remote Station Rank and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type the station rank (ID#) of the remote to test. Press Enter. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 63 Configuration Adjusting Throttling (Remote Station Only) Throttling enables you to control the rate that data passes though a remote, so data throughput can be adjusted to make the data rate compatible with the rest of the system. Throttling restricts the flow of data from air to wire or from wire to air. When throttling is enabled, the amount of data passed is equal to the throttling level times 128 kbps, to a maximum of 6.4 Mbps. Throttling applies to both down link and up link traffic, so a throttle level of 1 means the unit will pass 128 kbps in each direction. A throttle level of 50 means that 50 x 128 kbps will be passed.When throttling is disabled, the unit uses the maximum available bandwidth. The default setting is to disable throttling. ➧ To enable throttling 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period (0=OFF, 1-10000) Test Mode Timer (1-1000)mins Normal Mode unblocked 20 Base Station Only Parameters Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level (1-50) 5 Km -> off 2. Select Throttle Enable and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Scroll to select on or off, and press Enter. 4. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. ➧ To set the throttle level 1. Set Throttle Enable to on, then select Throttle Level from the RF Conguration menu and press Enter. The data field highlights. 2. Type a value from 1–50 to select the data throughput rate (where 1 = 1 x 128 kbps, 50 = 50 x 128 kbps) and press Enter. 3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 64 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration Radio Module Configuration The Radio Module Configuration menu is used to change several key parameters, including station type, station rank, and security passwords. Because these settings can affect service, they are changed in three progessive stages: new, current, and flash. (New and current are for temporary storage, while flash is for long-term storage.) The general procedure for changing settings with the Radio Module Configuration menu follows. 1. View the current Radio Module Configuration menu. See Viewing the Radio Module Configuration, page 65. 2. Select Config Test Minutes. To begin, enter a time of 15–20 minutes. See Setting Config Test Minutes, page 67. 3. Select a parameter and, if necessary, change the value in the "New" column. 4. After making changes, select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the "New" settings become the "Current" settings of the unit. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 5. If the unit operates as expected, you can save the current settings to "Flash". See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. If current settings do not operate as expected, do not save them to "Flash". Either change the current settings or wait for the Config Test Minutes time period to expire. At expiry, the unit will automatically reboot and revert to the last-saved flash memory settings. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. Viewing the Radio Module Configuration ➧ To view the current radio module configuration 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash APR 2001 Rev 03 Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 65 Configuration Station Type Defines unit as either a base station or a remote station Station Rank For a base station, the number of remotes that the base polls For a remote, the polling ID # of the remote Center Frequency Defines the channel the unit uses to transmit and receive Security Password n Password(s) for the unit Scrambling Code Code used to scramble messages Acquisition Code Code used to reduce system-induced interferance in a multisector system Config Test Minutes Amount of time before unit returns to its pre-configuration state Tx Power Level Adjust Reduces the power below maximum Tx power by the specified amount in dB. Repeater Mode Sets up a base station to pass data to and from remotes rather than function as a control unit System Symmetry Type Defines the amount of priority the base unit has when polling the remotes Dynamic Polling Level Number of polling cycles that inactive remote units are ignored by the base station Remote Unit RF Group Identifies the goup number of the remote unit Remote units with same RF group number can communicate directly with each other Reboot new RF configuration Reboots unit to save New settings as Current settings Save Current Config to Flash Stores current settings in flash memory 2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 66 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration Setting Config Test Minutes When changing Radio Module Configuration settings, you may enter settings that cause a unit or system to not function as expected. If this happens, you can return to the last-saved settings if you first set the Config Test Minutes test period. When this test period expires, the unit automatically reboots and returns to its last-saved flash memory settings. The time period can be fixed from 1 to 120 minutes. Tip: To begin, enter a time period of 30 minutes. If the time period is too short, you will not have enough time to make configuration changes and save them to flash ROM. If the time period is long, you will have to wait a long time before the unit automatically reboots and restores the settings to the original flash ROM state. ➧ To set the config test timeout period 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) -> 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Config Test Minutes and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Type the number of minutes (1-120) and press Enter. The number of minutes is stored in the New state. 4. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit will now use the current settings to operate, for the length of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 5. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 6. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 67 Configuration Setting the Station Type Each unit must be set up as either a base station or a remote station. In a given system there is only one base station, but there can be numerous remote stations. (A base station can also be set up as a repeater base.) You define the unit as a base station or remote unit by setting the Station Type. ➧ To set the station type 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type -> Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. 3. 4. 5. Select Station Type and press Enter. The data field highlights. Scroll to select the Station Type (base station or remote unit). Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" station type for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 68 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration Setting the Station Rank Station Rank is defined two different ways, which depend on the station type: For a base station, rank is the total number of remotes that a base will poll. For a remote unit, rank is a unique polling ID number that identifies a remote to a base station. When it polls remotes, the base station begins polling at the remote with rank number 1, then proceeds to the remote with rank number 2, then goes to the remote with rank number 3, and so on. The base continues polling remotes until it reaches the remote with the highest rank number. The base then repeats the polling cycle. Note: Dynamic polling gives you some control over the polling process. See Setting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only), page 80. ➧ To set the station rank 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) -> 1 Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. 3. 4. 5. Select Station Rank (1-1000). Type the rank (a number from 1–1000) of the station. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" rank for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 69 Configuration Setting the Center Frequency A center frequency defines the RF channel that a unit uses to transmit and receive. The AWE 120-58 can operate at a center frequency ranging from 5.7410 GHz to 5.8338 GHz, in 400 kHz steps. All units in the same system must be set to the same center frequency. If you plan to co-locate AWE 120-58 systems, you will need to use more than one center frequency.You will choose center frequencies that are well-separated from each other. The following section Choosing Center Frequencies explains how to choose center frequencies. Choosing Center Frequencies A simplified diagram of the spectrum around a center frequency (when transmitting) is shown below. Center Frequency Spectrum 66 MHz 16 MHz 33 MHz 16 MHz Data Region Side Lobe Side Lobe 5.7410 GHz 5.8338 GHz Center Frequency Only the 33 MHz data region of the 66 MHz spectrum contains data; the remaining 16 MHz side lobes contain no useful information (frequency ranges given are approximate).The side lobes operate at a much lower power than the data region. If only one center frequency is required, simply choose a frequency between 5.7410 GHz and 5.8338 GHz (in 400 kHz increments).You will probably choose a center frequency where the 5.8 GHz ISM band is cleanest, meaning a frequency where no other people are transmitting. If two or more AWE 120-58 systems must be co-located, center frequencies are selected that have as much separation as possible so different systems do not interfere with each other. It is very important that the 33 MHz data regions of adjacent systems do not overlap. System performance is also better if the side lobes of one system do not overlap the data region of another system. It does not matter if the side-lobes of two systems overlap. 70 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration Some examples of center frequency separation and performance ratings are provided below. Excellent Good Fair Poor These examples show that there is no benefit to separating the center frequencies of adjacent systems by more than 66 MHz. 48 MHz of center frequency separation is more than adequate in most cases. Separation of 33MHz is adequate for strong RF links, but weak signals will be degraded by the overlap of the side-lobes into the data region. Overlapping of data regions is not recommended and will cause problems. The following diagram shows seven different center frequencies in the 5.8 GHz ISM band that are spaced as far apart as possible. If you wish, you can choose your center frequencies from these sample schemes. Sample Center Frequency Schemes for Co-located Systems 1 System Choose any one center frequency 2 Systems Choose any two center frequencies 3 Systems 4 Systems 5.8500 5.8338 5.8182 5.7803 5.7874 5.7718 5.7562 5.7410 5.7250 Center Frequency (GHz) Three co-located system could use the A,D and G center frequencies. Frequencies B, D and F would probably work equally as well. Four co-located systems could use the A, C, E and G frequencies. Having more than four co-located systems would require careful radio network planning to ensure the proper operation of each system. APR 2001 Rev 03 71 Configuration ➧ To set the center frequency 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) -> 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Center Frequency and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Type the value of the RF center frequency. The value can range from 57410 GHz to 53338 GHz in steps of 400 kHz. (Numbers are automatically rounded down to the nearest step.) All units in a system must have the same center frequency. 4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column. 5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" center frequency for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 72 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration Setting Security Passwords Passwords are always exchanged between units when they communicate with each other. A set of five security passwords is assigned to each unit. The set of passwords must be exactly the same for all units in a system. (A convenient, but non-secure option is to set all passwords to "0".) The more password levels you use, the greater the security of your system. For example, using a set of five different passwords will result in a highly secure system. All units in the same network must use the same set of security passwords. ➧ To set security passwords 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) -> 1 Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Select Security Password 1 and press Enter. The data field highlights. Enter a password in Hex code and press Enter. The password is stored in the New state. Select Security Password 2 and press Enter. The data field highlights. Enter a different password in Hex code and press Enter. The password is stored in the New state. Repeat this process until you complete all five password levels. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" set of passwords for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 8. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 9. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 73 Configuration Setting the Scrambling Code To protect the privacy of a wireless link, units can scramble messages—the message content is rearranged so that messages are difficult to read by unintended receivers. The scrambling code determines how messages are scrambled by a unit. Only units with the same scrambling code as the originating unit can de-scramble and read the message. The scrambling code can be 0-32 bits long. All units in the same wireless network must have this setting set to the same value. ➧ To set scrambling codes 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) -> 0 Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. 3. 4. 5. Select Scrambling Code and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type the code (hexidecimal number). Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed.The unit now runs using the "Current" scrambling code for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 74 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration Setting the Acquisition Code An acquisition code is a unique code contained within the preamble of a transmitted message. Units search the air for messages that begin with a particular acquisition code. Messages without the correct code are treated as interference and are rejected by a unit. Messages with the correct code are accepted and processed. Acquisition codes serve to isolate units from each other, especially when several units operate in close proximity or at the same frequency in a multiple-sector or multi-cell environment. All units in the same network must have the same acquisition code in order to communicate with each other. ➧ To set the acquisition code 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) -> 0 Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute Select Acquisition Code and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type the Acquisition code (0-15). Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed.The unit now runs using the "Current" acquisition code for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 2. 3. 4. 5. APR 2001 Rev 03 75 Configuration Adjusting the Tx Power Level Tx Power Level Adjust enables you to reduce the transmit power output level by up to 31 dB. For example, selecting a value of 0 sets the transmit power to maximum power, while selecting a value of –31 sets the transmit power to 31 dB below maximum power. ➧ To adjust the Tx power output level 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust -> 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Tx Power Level Adjust and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Scroll through the list and press Enter to select a power attenuation level. Choose a value between 0 and –31, where 0 means no Tx power attenuation and –31 means Tx power is attenuated by 31 dB. 4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column. 5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed.The unit now runs using the "Current" acquisition code for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 76 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration Setting a Base to Repeater Mode (Base Station Only) When repeater mode is enabled at a base station (Repeater Mode = on), the base acts as a repeater in addition to performing its normal base station functions. As a repeater, the base station receives incoming messages from remotes, stores them and broadcasts them to all remotes within RF range. Remotes belonging to the same RF group (with the same RF Group number) can communicate via the repeater. (See Setting Remote Unit RF Group, page 81 for information about RF groups.) The diagram below expains the process. Repeater Mode Message is sent from originating remote Wired Network Wired Network Remote RF Group n n = 1–63 Rank = 1 (ID # of remote) Remote Message is stored and broadcast to all remotes in RF Group n RF Group n n = 1– 63 Rank = 3 (ID # of remote) Base Wired Network Remote RF Group n n = 1– 63 Rank = 2 (ID # of remote) Repeater Mode = on Rank = 4 (number of remote units) Message is received by destination remote Wired Network Remote RF Group n n = 1– 63 Rank = 4 (ID # of remote) When repeater mode is disabled (Repeater Mode = off), the base station functions normally (it polls remotes and links the various segments of the network). By definition, Repeater Mode does not apply to units of RF Group = 0. APR 2001 Rev 03 77 Configuration ➧ To set base to repeater mode 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode -> off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Repeater Mode and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Scroll to select the desired setting where: off Base unit does not re-transmit messages Default setting on Base unit re-transmits messages received from one remote to other remotes in the same RF group 4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column. 5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" repeater mode for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 78 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration Setting System Symmetry Type (Base Station Only) System symmetry type fixes the priority of the base unit when it polls remotes. The default "asymmetric" setting alots the base one time slot for each time a remote is polled—this setting is useful when the base is the access point to a large network. The "symmetric" setting alots the base one time slot per polling cycle. A symmetric system gives the base station the same polling priority as a remote unit. ➧ To set system symmetry type 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type -> Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select System Symmetry Type and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Scroll to the desired setting where: asymmetric Base unit has higher priority than remotes: the base unit has one time slot after every remote time slot Default setting symmetric Base unit has the same priority as all remotes: the base unit has one time slot for every polling cycle 4. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column. 5. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" symmetry type for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 6. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 79 Configuration Setting Dynamic Polling Level (Base Station Only) Dynamic polling improves system performance by reducing overhead due to idle remote units. A base station automatically learns which remote stations are active and which are idle. The base station waits a brief time period for a remote to respond to a poll. If the remote doesn’t respond within the time period, the base considers the remote to be idle. (This process is called dynamic time allocation or DTA.) Idle remote units are ignored by the base station for the number of polling rounds entered in the Dynamic Polling Level field. The higher the dynamic polling level, the more efficient the throughput and the longer it takes to move a subscriber from an inactive state to an active state. Dynamic Polling improves system performance whenever there is more than one remote. When there are a large number of remotes system performance improves significantly. Note: Polling level is set only at the base station. ➧ To set the dynamic polling level 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Station Configuration and press Enter. The RF Station Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) -> 1 Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute Select Dynamic Polling Level and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type the desired polling level (1-60). Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" dynamic polling level for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 5. To save the current setting(s) to flash memory, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 6. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 1. 2. 3. 4. 80 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration Setting Remote Unit RF Group The RF Group setting enables you to determine which units in a system can communicate with each other. For example, in a system consisting of a base station and associated remotes, you can: 1) assign units to different groups so that only members of the same group can communicate with each other and the base (an open system); 2) isolate remotes so they cannot talk to other remotes, but can talk only to the base (a closed system); 3) assign remote units to groups and configure the base station as a repeater (a closed system); and 4) combine closed units with open units in the same system. These configurations are explained below. Remote units with the same RF group number (RF Group = 1– 63) can communicate directly with each other and with the base station (if there is a line-of-sight RF path between units and base station Repeater Mode = off.) An example is a company where the Human Resources department needs direct access to the Payroll department, but the two departments must be isolated from other departments. Since HR and Payroll are in the same RF group 14, they can talk directly to each other, but they cannot talk directly to other groups such as R&D, which belongs to RF Group 20. Example 1: Open System Repeater Mode = off Base Remote RF Group = 20 R&D Remote RF Group = n n = 1 – 63 RF Group = 14 Human Resources Remote RF Group = 14 Payroll Remote units configured as RF Group = 0 are independent, closed units. Closed units cannot talk directly to each other, they can only talk directly to the base station. This setup acts to isolate remote units and the associated LANs from each other. Example 2 shows a situation where independent companies are connected wirelessly to a single base station and communication between the companies is prevented. Example 2: Closed System Repeater Mode = off Base Remote Remote RF Group = 0 Company 1 RF Group = 0 Remote Company 3 RF Group = 0 Company 2 APR 2001 Rev 03 RF Group = 0 81 Configuration A repeater is used to bypass obstacles that block the RF path (for example, a mountain). When a base station is set to repeater mode (Repeater Mode = on), it can pass data from remotes in an RF group to other remotes in the same group. A system with a repeater is a closed system. Example 3 shows a repeater with four remotes. All the remotes are in the same RF Group 4, so they can talk to each other via the repeater base. Example 3: Repeater Configuration (Closed System) Repeater Mode = on Base Closed System Remote Remote RF Group = 4 n = 1 – 63 RF Group = 4 n = 1 – 63 Mountain Remote Remote RF Group = 4 n = 1 – 63 RF Group = 4 n = 1 – 63 No direct communcation possible due to obstacle Closed remote units (RF Group = 0) can be combined with open remote units (RF Group = non-zero) within the same system. In this case each group in the system behaves according to its RF Group characteristics: closed remotes could communicate only with the base, remotes with the same (non-zero) group number could communicate with each other, and remotes with different (non-zero) group numbers could not communicate with each other. A base or repeater would not pass packets originating from a closed remote. The following table summarizes the first three situations. Repeater Mode (Base only) RF Group (Remote only) System Type System Characteristics Repeater Mode = off 1–63 Open Remotes can communicate directly with the base and each other if remotes that have the same non-zero RF group number (if a LOS RF path can be established) Repeater Mode = off Closed Remotes can communicate only with the base station—they cannot talk to each other Repeater Mode = on 1–63 Closed Remotes cannot communicate directly with each other, they can only communicate via the repeater base with other remotes that have the same RF group number In a mixed system, each RF group behaves according to the RF Group charactersitics assigned to it (0 = closed , 1–63 = open; same non-zero group number = communication, different non-zero group number = no communication). 82 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration ➧ To set remote unit RF group 1. From the Main Menu, select RF Module Configuration and press Enter. The g menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) -> 0 Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute Select Remote Unit RF Group and press Enter. The data field highlights. In the Remote Unit RF Group entry field, type the RF group number, using the following table as a guide. Press Enter. The new setting is displayed in the "New" column. Select Reboot New RF Configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots and the AWE 120-58 Login menu is displayed. The unit now runs using the "Current" remote unit RF group for the amount of time specified by Config Test Minutes. 6. To save the current setting(s) to FLASH, log in, go to the Main Menu, and select Radio Module Configuration, Save Current Config to Flash. See Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations, page 84. 7. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 2. 3. 4. 5. APR 2001 Rev 03 83 Configuration Rebooting and Saving RF Module Configurations Because changes to radio module configuration settings can affect service in a wireless system, changes are made in three progessive stages: new, current, and flash. New Intended configuration changes. Temporary memory storage. Current Configuration actually running on the unit. Temporary memory storage. Flash Configuration stored in FLASH memory. Long-term memory storage. A reboot of a unit is required to save New settings as Current settings. If Current settings are valid (and do not disrupt the system), they can be saved to Flash memory. If the changes disrupt the system, the original configuration will be restored automatically when the Config Test Minutes period expires. ➧ To reboot a unit 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric -> Press Enter to Execute Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Reboot New RF configuration and press Enter. The unit reboots with the with new settings and with the Config Test Minutes timeout period in effect. The new settings can be viewed in the "Current" column of the Radio Module Configuration menu. The old, last-saved configuration remains in Flash memory. If the configuration is the one you want and the unit operates as intended, you can save the current changes to "permanent" flash memory by selecting Save Current Config to Flash from the Radio Module Configuration menu. When you save the current settings to "Flash" the new settings overwrite the old flash memory settings. 84 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Radio Module Configuration ➧ To save current configuration to FLASH 1. From the Main Menu, select Radio Module Configuration and press Enter. The Radio Module Configuration menu is displayed. Radio Module Configuration New Current Station Type Remote Unit Remote Unit Station Rank (1-1000) Center Frequency (57410-58338) 5.7874 GHz 5.7874 GHz Security Password 1 (Hex) Security Password 2 (Hex) 10 10 Security Password 3 (Hex) 100 100 Security Password 4 (Hex) 1000 1000 Security Password 5 (Hex) 10000 10000 Scrambling Code (Hex) Acquisition Code (0-15) Config Test Minutes (1-120) 30 30 Tx Power Level Adjust 0 dB 0 dB Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode off off System Symmetry Type Asymmetric Asymmetric Dynamic Polling Level (1-100) Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group (0-63) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Flash Remote Unit 5.7874 GHz 10 100 1000 10000 30 0 dB off Asymmetric Press Enter to Execute -> Press Enter to Execute 2. Select Save Current Config to Flash. 3. Press Enter. The current configuration is saved to flash memory. A reboot is not required. The new flash memory values are displayed in the "Flash" column of the Radio Module Configuration menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 85 Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics Ethernet and RF statistics are useful for troubleshooting, monitoring link performance, and measuring throughput. Ethernet and RF statistics are cumulative and increment until reset. The window is view only. See Resetting Radio and Ethernet Statistics, page 100 for information about resetting RF/Ethernet statistics. Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics ➧ To view RF and Ethernet statistics 1. From the Main Menu, select RF/Ethernet Statistics and press Enter. The RF/Ethernet Statistics window is displayed. The window is view only. RF/Ethernet Statistics Ethernet Receive Statistics Total Packets Received Packets For Local Host Receive Errors Packets Dropped Packets Discarded Total KBytes Received Broadcast KBytes Received RF Receive Statistics Total Packets Received Packets For Local Host Packets Dropped Packets Discarded RF Super Frame Rx Statistics Super Frames Received Receive Overrun Errors Frame Control Word Errors Header Checksum Errors Packet Control Word Errors 0 Super Frame Length Errors 86 Ethernet Transmit Statistics Total Packets Transmitted Packets From Local Host Packets Dropped Total KBytes Transmitted Broadcast KBytes Transmitted RF Transmit Statistics Total Packets Transmitted Frames From Local Host Packets Dropped RF Super Frame Tx Statistics Super Frames Transmitted Throughput Statistics Ethernet-to-RF Throughput RF-to-Ethernet Throughput AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide RF/Ethernet Statistics RF Super Frame Rx RF Receive Ethernet Receive Total Packets Received Number of Ethernet packets from the Ethernet connection Packets For Local Host Number of Ethernet packets received from the Ethernet connection which were destined for the AWE 120-58 unit’s TCP/IP stack Receive Errors Number of Ethernet packets received with errors, for example, runt (smaller than 64 bytes), jabber (larger than 1518 bytes), or overflow error Packets Dropped Number of Ethernet packets dropped because the wireless link is at capacity Packets Discarded Number of Ethernet packets discarded as the result of filtering Total KBytes Received Total number of kbytes received from the Ethernet port (broadcast and non-broadcast packets) Broadcast KBytes Received Number of kbytes received from the Ethernet port (broadcast packets only) Total Packets Received Number of Ethernet packets received over RF Packets For Local Host Number of Ethernet packets received over RF and destined for the local host Packets Dropped Number of Ethernet packets dropped because the wireless link is at capacity Packets Discarded Number of Ethernet packets discarded as the result of filtering Super Frames Received Number of super frames received Receive Overrun Errors Number of errors caused by receive buffer overrun Frame Control Word Errors Number of errors caused by frame control word problems Header Checksum Word Errors Number of errors caused by receiving an invalid header checksum Packet Control Word Errors Number of errors caused by packet control word problems Super Frame Length Errors Number of errors caused by receiving an invalid super frame length APR 2001 Rev 03 87 Number of Ethernet packets transmitted onto the Ethernet connection Packets From Local Host Number of Ethernet packets transmitted onto the Ethernet connection which originated from the AWE unit’s TCP/IP stack Packets Dropped Number of Ethernet packets not transmitted due to some error, for example, unable to transmit within 15 retries or underflow error Total KBytes Transmitted Total number of kbytes transmitted from the Ethernet port (broadcast and non-broadcast packets) Broadcast KBytes Transmitted Number of kbytes transmitted from the Ethernet port (broadcast packets only) Total Packets Transmitted Number of Ethernet packets transmitted over RF Frames From Local Host Number of Ethernet packets transmitted to RF from the local host Packets Dropped Number of packets dropped because of RF problems RF S. F. Tx Super Frames Transmitted Number of super frames transmitted Ethernet-to-RF Throughput Current data rate measured from wire to air Resolution = 1 second RF-to-Ethernet Throughput Current data rate measured from air to wire Resolution = 1 second RF Transmit Ethernet Transmit Total Packets Transmitted Throughput Configuration 2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 88 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide System Security System Security The System Security menu is used to control access to a AWE unit, including the following: • Restrict access to a unit’s Main Menu with passwords • Restrict SNMP read and write access with SNMP Community Name • Enable or disable remote access via Ethernet • Enable or disable remote access via a wireless link • Determine the amount of time that a unit remains idle before it automatically logs out. Viewing System Security ➧ To view system security settings 1. From the Main Menu select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed. System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 -> public netman Change User Password Confirm User Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host on on Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10 SNMP Community Name 1 Controls SNMP access to the AWE Read access only SNMP Community Name 2 Controls SNMP access to the AWE Read and write access Change User Password Changes user password to enable access to main menu Read access only Change Supervisor Password Changes supervisor password to enable access to main menu. Read and write access Ethernet Access to Local Host Allows remote access to unit to change configuration settings via wire link with telnet or SNMP APR 2001 Rev 03 89 Configuration Wireless Access to Local Host Allows remote access to unit to change configuration settings via RF link with telnet or SNMP Auto Logout Minutes Maximum time the system can remain idle before the configuration menus close and the Login menu reappears 2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 90 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide System Security Assigning Community Names Community names can be used to control SNMP access to the AWE. Community Name 1 has read only access, and Community Name 2 has both read and write access. An SNMP manager can access and configure any AWE unit on the network as long as the unit has the correct community names and remote access is enabled (see Allowing Remote Access and Configuration, page 94) WARNING Default community names are presented in all Installation and Configuration guides distributed by Wi-LAN. It is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that default community names are changed to unique names at installation. Record all community name changes. Community name Privileges Default value SNMP Community Name 1 Read public SNMP Community Name 2 Read and Write netman ➧ To assign community names 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed. System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. -> public netman Change User Password Confirm User Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host on on Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10 Select SNMP Community Name 1. Type in name. (Valid community names are assigned using SNMP software.) Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field. Select SNMP Community Name 2. Type in name. (Valid community names are assigned using SNMP software.) Press Enter. The new name appears in the entry field. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 91 Configuration Setting Menu Passwords You can use passwords to control access to the Main Menu. The default passwords are user, which allows you to read configuration settings and supervisor, which allows you to change configuration settings. WARNING The default passwords are printed in all customer documents distributed by Wi-LAN. It is the responsibility of the customer to change the default passwords to unique passwords during installation. Record all password changes. When you restore factory configurations, the login passwords revert to the defaults. ➧ To change the user password 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed. System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 Change User Password Confirm User Password public netman -> Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host on on Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10 2. Select Change User Password and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Type the new password and press Enter. 4. Select Confirm User Password and press Enter. The data field highlights. 5. Re-type the new password and press Enter. The change is saved when Success appears beside the confirmation field. 6. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 92 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide System Security ➧ To change the supervisor password 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed. System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 Change User Password Confirm User Password public netman -> Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host on on Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10 2. Select Change Supervisor Password and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Type the new password and press Enter. 4. Select Confirm Supervisor Password entry field and press Enter. 5. Re-type the new password and press Enter. The change is saved when Success appears beside the confirmation field. 6. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 93 Configuration Allowing Remote Access and Configuration One way to control remote access to a unit’s configuration menu is by restricting the type of link that can be used to make remote configuration changes.The default setting is to allow remote configuration changes with both wired and wireless links using telnet or SNMP. However, you can enable or disable the type of link independently with two settings: Ethernet Access to Local Host and Wireless Access to Local Host. Note: Data will pass as usual between both units. These two settings only restrict remote access to the unit’s configuration menu, depending on the type of link that exists between the remote terminal and the unit–wired or wireless. Also, you cannot "ping" a unit if the link is disabled. ➧ To enable Ethernet and wireless access 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed. System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 public netman Change User Password Confirm User Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host -> on on Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 10 2. Select Ethernet Access to Local Host and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Select the desired setting, where: on Enable configuration changes to the unit via the Ethernet off Disable configuration changes to the unit via the Ethernet 4. Press Enter. The new value appears in the field. 5. Select Wireless Access to Local Hostand press Enter. The data field highlights. 6. Select the desired setting where: on Enable configuration changes to the unit via the air off Disable configuration changes to the unit via the air 7. Press Enter. The new value appears in the field. 8. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 94 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide System Security Setting the Auto Logout Minutes You can specify the maximum time the system can remain idle before the configuration menus close and the Login menu reappears. This feature ensures that the configuration menus close if a user forgets to exit. Note: When the menus automatically timeout, the system may appear to be frozen. Press Enter to view the Login menu, where you can login to the Main Menu. ➧ To set the automatic logout timeout period 1. From the Main Menu, select System Security and press Enter. The System Security menu is displayed. System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 public netman Change User Password Confirm User Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Press Enter to change password Press Enter to confirm password Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host on on Auto Logout Minutes (1-120) 2. 3. 4. 5. -> 10 Select Auto Logout Minutes and press Enter. The data field highlights. Type the maximum idle time period in minutes that can pass before the configuration menus close. Press Enter. The new value appears in the field. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 95 Configuration System Commands System image files contain the software that runs the unit. When you first power up the AWE unit, it runs from the factory-image. With the System Commands menu you can choose the image file that a unit uses to power up, and the image file that a unit uses when rebooted. Viewing System Command Menu ➧ To view system security settings 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image -> FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Press Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute Default System Image Default image file used at power up Reboot a System Image Choose the image from which to reboot Reboot Current Image Reboot unit from the current image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Restore unit to default factory configuration and reboots unit Reset Radio Statistics Reset RF statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics Reset Ethernet statistics 2. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 96 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide System Commands Setting Default System Image The default image is the image file that a unit uses when it powers up. If you have more than one image saved on a unit, you can choose the default power up file. ➧ To set the default image 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics -> FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE Press Press Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Default System Image and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Scroll to select the image to use as the default. 4. Press Enter. The name of the new image file appears in the field. The image will be used the next time the AWE is powered up. 5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. APR 2001 Rev 03 97 Configuration Setting the Reboot System Image You can choose the system image that a unit uses when it is rebooted. ➧ To choose the reboot image 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE -> FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Press Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Reboot a System Image and press Enter. The data field highlights. 3. Scroll to select the image to use when rebooting. 4. Press Enter. The name of the image file appears in the field. This image will be used the next time the AWE is rebooted. 5. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. Rebooting the Current Image The Reboot Current Image command can be used when the IP address is changed. See Setting the Internet IP Address, page 43. ➧ To reboot the current image 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE -> Press Press Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Reboot Current Image and press Enter. The AWE reboots using the current image. 98 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide System Commands Restoring Factory Configurations If necessary, you can restore the unit to its original factory configuration. This command puts the unit into a known state, which can help you when troubleshooting, and also provides an easy way to remove custom configuration settings when you deinstall a unit. IMPORTANT When you restore factory configurations, the login passwords reset automatically to default values (user and supervisor). ➧ To restore the factory configuration 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands and press Enter. The System Commands menu is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE Press -> Press Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Restore Factory Configuration and Reboot and press Enter. The unit’s configuration is restored to the original factory settings. APR 2001 Rev 03 99 Configuration Resetting Radio and Ethernet Statistics The statistics displayed in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are cumulative, but can be reset to track specific events and for troubleshooting. (See Viewing RF/Ethernet Statistics, page 86 for information about viewing the statistics). For example, a suspected RF problem can be diagnosed by resetting the radio statistics and simulating the situation suspected of causing the problem. ➧ To reset radio statistics 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands.The System Commands menu is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics Press Press -> Press Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Reset Radio Statistics and press Enter. The radio statistics in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window reset to 0 when Success appears beside the enter field. 3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. To reset Ethernet statistics 1. From the Main Menu, select System Commands. The System Commands menu is displayed. System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics FACTORY-IMAGE FACTORY-IMAGE Press Press Press -> Press Enter Enter Enter Enter to to to to Execute Execute Execute Execute 2. Select Reset Ethernet Statistics and press Enter. The Ethernet statistics in the RF/Ethernet Statistics window are reset to 0 when Success appears beside the enter field. 3. Press Esc to exit to the Main Menu. 100 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Link Monitor Display Link Monitor Display Viewing Link Monitor Statistics Link performance statistics such as envelope power, correlation power and bit error rate can be viewed while the link monitor is running. Statistics are only available on the unit running the link monitor test. The window is view only. ➧ To view link monitor statistics 1. From the Main Menu, select Link Monitor Display. The RF Link Monitor Statistics window is displayed. The window is view only. RF Link Monitor Statistics Link Monitor Rank Base to Remote BER Remote to Base BER Missed Packet Count Base to Remote Env Power Base to Remote Corr Power Remote to Base Env Power Remote to Base Corr Power N/A N/A Link Monitor Rank When run from on the base unit, it is the rank number of the remote unit whose link is being tested When run from the remote unit, this field is zero, the rank number of the base Base to Remote BER Bit error rate from the base to the remote. Displays “N/ A” when the link monitor is not running Remote to Base BER Bit error rate from the remote to the base. Displays “N/A” when the link monitor is not running Missed Packet Count Number of missed packets Base to Remote Env Power Envelope power received at the remote (including noise, measured in dB). Base to Remote Corr Power Correlation power received at the remote (excluding noise, measured in dB). Remote to Base Env Power Envelope power received at the base (including noise, measured in dB). Remote to Base Corr Power Correlation power received at the base (excluding noise, measured in dB) APR 2001 Rev 03 101 Configuration Logout Logging Out There are two ways to log out of the main menu. ➧ To log out of the Main Menu From the Main Menu, select Logout and press Enter. or 1. Press the Esc key on the keyboard until you reach the wilan command line. Enter ESC to return to Main Menu wilan> logout 2. Type logout at the wilan> prompt. 3. Press Enter to log out. Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button The operating mode of a unit is usually selected from the RF Station Configuration menu (see Setting the Operating Mode, page 51). However, operating mode can also be set using the Mode button located on the back panel of the AWE 120-58. When you select an operating mode, the color of the Mode LED indicates the operating mode and the color of the Air LED indicates whether a unit is transmitting, receiving, or listening. The AWE starts up in Normal operating mode and the Mode LED is OFF. The following modes are available. 102 Mode Function Mode LED Normal Mode Transmit and receive in both directions—normal operating mode See Performing Link Monitor Test (Normal Mode), page 54 OFF Transmit Test Transmit only See Performing Transmit and Receive Tests, page 57 Red Receive Test Receive only See Performing Transmit and Receive Tests, page 57 Green RSSI Test Received Signal Strength Indicator. Indicates fade margin data on the Air LED See Performing the RSSI Test, page 59 Orange AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Setting Operating Mode with the Mode Button Selecting RF Tests with the Mode Button You can use the Mode button at the back of the unit to select and run RF tests. (The other method of running RF tests is with the RF Station Configuration menu. See Setting the Operating Mode, page 51 for more information about running tests from a menu.) ➧ To select the operating mode with the mode button 1. Press the Mode button once and release it quickly. The unit goes to Transmit Test mode. Mode LED = Red. 2. Press the Mode button once and the unit goes to Receive Test mode. Mode LED = Green. 3. Press the Mode button once and the unit goes to RSSI Test mode. Mode LED = Orange. 4. Press the Mode button once and the unit returns to Transmit Test mode. Mode LED = Red. 5. To return to Normal Mode after any test, press the Mode button and release it after at least two seconds. The Air LED and Mode LED both turn orange when the button has been held long enough, and the Mode LED turns OFF. Mode Button Operation Mode LED =OFF Air and Mode LED turn orange Normal Mode press once press and hold for two seconds press and hold for two seconds Mode LED = red Mode LED =green Tx Test press once Rx Test press and hold for two seconds Mode LED =orange press once RSSI Test press once Note: If you do not manually return the unit to Normal Mode, the unit will automatically reboot and return to Normal Mode when the end of the test time period time is reached.The test time period cannot be set with the Mode button—you must use the RF Station Configuration menu to set the test mode timer minutes (see Setting Config Test Minutes, page 67). APR 2001 Rev 03 103 Configuration Command Line Interface You can perform some basic commands with the command line interface. Type commands from the prompt. ➧ To use the command line interface 1. Log in to the AWE unit. The Main Menu is displayed. 2. Press Esc. The wilan> prompt appears. wilan> 3. Type the command after the prompt and press Enter. 4. Press Esc to return to the Main Menu. The following are some commands you can run with the command line interface. 104 Command Action Example help show the following command summary list: menu cls dir del ping logout exit quit wilan>help menu menu return to the configuration menus wilan>menu cls clear the terminal screen wilan>cls dir show a file directory wilan>dir del delete a file wilan>del sample.txt ping ping a remote IP address wilan>ping 198.168.200.5 logout log out of the command line interface or terminate a remote telnet session wilan>logout exit log out of the command line interface or terminate a remote telnet session wilan>exit quit log out of the command line interface or terminate a remote telnet session wilan>quit AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Troubleshooting Administrative Best Practices By performing some administrative best practices and preventative maintenance, you can prevent many problems with your system, or become aware of minor problems before they become serious ones. Wi-LAN recommends the following practices. • Maintain the integrity of the system design when adding or changing a system. The introduction of new elements to a system can cause problems unless the network plan is revised to take into account the changes. For example, improper installation of a co-located antenna can add unwanted system interference. • Measure and document system performance at the time of the original installation. • Monitor system performance regularly. Environmental change as well as normal wear and tear on components can affect system performance. • Perform preventative maintenance every 6 months. See Preventative Maintenance and Monitoring, page 31 for information. • After periods of extreme weather, perform link monitor tests to verify the system; inspect towers, antennas, cables and connectors for damage. • Change menu passwords so that only key personnel can reconfigure the system. See Setting Menu Passwords, page 92. • Keep records of recent changes. Especially document the addition of units, hardware and software changes and changes to configuration settings. Configuration errors often cause other problems. Current records can be compared with original installation records and function as a benchmark to help you troubleshoot. • Keep a log of past and present problems and solutions. Store the log on-site, if possible. The log identifies common failure points and fixes. • Before contacting Wi-LAN for customer support, document the symptoms of the problem and the steps taken to diagnose and fix the problem. Record the current configuration of the system. APR 2001 Rev 03 105 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Areas There are five key areas to be aware of when troubleshooting. Network Integrity: Continued performance and reliability of a network depends upon maintaining the integrity of the network. If you change a network’s design, you will affect its operation. Be aware of recent changes to your network. Quality of RF link: Data communication depends first on the quality of the RF link. If you can establish and maintain a high-quality RF link, then you can be sure the link will carry high-speed data. If the quality of the RF link is degraded for some reason, the quality of the transmitted data will also degrade. Radio Hardware:There are three basic parts to a AWE: radio unit, antenna feed (cable, connectors, surge suppressors, patch cables etc.) and antenna.You can isolate faulty hardware using measurement and/or replacement methods. • Verify the radio unit with diagnostic tests (such as RSSI and link monitor tests), bench test a unit, or replace a unit. • Verify the antenna feed with a Site Master test set. Sweep cables, connectors and lightning suppressors, or exchange these parts for known good parts. • To verify the antenna you can sweep the antenna with the Site Master test set or exchange the antenna. Correct Unit Configuration: Units must be configured correctly, according to the network plan. Configuration errors can cause an inability to communicate or poor performance. The addition of units or changes to your system may require you to change configuration settings. Embedded Software: Operate with a proven software image. Download new software if you suspect that a unit’s software is corrupted. The following chart provides answers to some of the more common problems that can occur when installing and using a AWE bridge. 106 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Troubleshooting Areas Troubleshooting Chart Indication Possible Cause Suggested Corrective Actions High BER Signal strength is too low Perform RSSI test to determine fade margin Align or change antennas or cables Ensure LOS between antennas Signal strength is too high Adjust antennas Increase distance between units Interference Change center frequency Increase RF power Change polarization of antennas Physically isolate antenna from source of interference or change physical location of antenna Bad radio (Tx/Rx) Bench test radio Exchange radio Bad antenna Visually inspect antenna for damage Sweep antenna Replace antenna Bad cable Visually inspect cable Replace cable Bad connectors Visually inspect connectors Replace cable/connectors Noisy power supply Replace power supply unit Temperature Determine ambient operating temperature is too high or low Increase or reduce ambient temperature. Bad radio Bench test radio Replace radio Bad antenna Visually inspect antenna for damage Sweep antenna Replace antenna Poor antenna alignment Use RF diagnostics to re-align antenna Bad cable Visually inspect cables/connectors Replace cable/connectors Bad surge suppressor Use voltmeter to check for open circuit Replace surge suppresso. Incorrect radio configuration Bench test radio to confirm configuration Reconfigure radio Low signal strength/ fade margin APR 2001 Rev 03 107 Troubleshooting Indication High packet loss No communication between units Possible Cause Suggested Corrective Actions No Fresnel zone clearance Increase antenna height to obtain clearance Relocate antenna Remove obstacles to LOS (line of sight) Use repeater base configuration Power supply problems Try a different AC circuit Measure the power at the AC outlet Measure the output from the power supply unit Replace the power supply unit Signal strength too low Check for LOS between antennas Check for obstacles in RF path Check for interference Realign antennas Replace antenna Interference Change center frequency Increase RF power Change polarization of antennas Physically isolate antenna from source of interference or change physical location of antenna Multipath interference Realign antennas Relocate radio/antenna Temperature Determine if ambient operating temperature is too high or low Increase or reduce ambient temperature Configuration problems Check the following configuration settings: Rank number–Each unit must have a unique rank number. Base station rank or remote rank may be incorrect Access code–Only units with same access code can communicate Scrambling code–Base station and remote units must use same scrambling codes to decode messages Acquisition code–All units must have same acquisition code to communicate Center frequency–Units must have same center frequency to communicate 108 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Troubleshooting Areas Indication Possible Cause Suggested Corrective Actions IP address/subnet mask–Incorrectly configured IP addresses will result in units being unable to communicate Check that IP addresses are unique for each unit within a subnet and the correct subnet mask is being used Antenna or cable failure or damage Visually inspect antenna and cables for damage Sweep antenna and cables Replace antenna or cables Polling sequence Check polling round number. Higher polling round number increase the delay between polls for less active units Distance Check the maximum remote distance configuration setting No LOS Check LOS between antennas Excessive Bit errors and processing errors Multipath interference–align or relocate antennas or radio Signal absorption Check LOS for obstacles such as trees Throttling level Check if throttling is correctly configured (Control throttling by enabling or disabling throttling and by modifying the throttling index) Center frequency Set units from different systems in the same geographic area to different center frequencies– overlapping wavelengths from other systems will degrade performance Overpowering co-located unit Output power from one unit can overpower another co-located radio, even if units operate on different channels—lower unit power SNMP can’t be activated IP filtering configured incorrectly for SNMP Change IP filtering to enable SNMP Unable to access main configuration menu Invalid passwords Contact Wi-LAN for information about how to re-enter your system Units will need to be reset Poor link performance APR 2001 Rev 03 109 Troubleshooting Indication Possible Cause Suggested Corrective Actions Unit will not operate Faulty unit Bench test unit Corrupt unit software Reload unit software Throttling level Check if throttling is correctly configured Center frequency Set units from different systems in the same geographic area to different center frequencies—overlapping wavelengths from other systems will degrade performance Overpowering co-located unit Output power from one unit can overpower another co-located radio, even if units operate on different channels Lower the power of the unit Point-point link is too slow 110 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link To ensure an effective and reliable wireless link, you first need to perform some network planning. This section provides some general guidelines for planning a wireless link, including the following: • Planning the physical layout of your system • Determining antenna and cable requirements • Determining configuration settings for units • Calculating a link budget Planning the Physical Layout You need to plan the physical layout of your wireless system. • Determine the number of remotes • Ensure LOS (line-of-sight) exists between units and determine coverage areas • Measure the distance between the base station and each remote unit • Consider the need for equipment shelters, electrical power and environmental requirements Determine the Number of Remotes Since the 12 Mbps data rate is shared between all units, the fewer the number of remote units, the faster each wireless link. Although a maximum of 1000 remotes is supported per base station, this number would result in low data rates. Instead, to ensure high data rates, Wi-LAN suggests a standard where 75 remotes can maintain constant 128 kbps communication with a base station. Since it is unlikely that all units will be active at the same time, the total number of remotes for planning purposes can be increased by a factor of three, so that a maximum of 225 (3 x 75) remotes per base station is recommended. This should enable all users to easily achieve 128 kbps performance. Ensure LOS and Determine Coverage Area Ensure the availability of a clear, LOS (line-of-sight) radio path between base station and all its remotes. Plot the coverage area of each base station on a map, and determine which base station will service which remote unit. Plan some alternate links in case base station coverage areas overlap or if physical obstacles block the radio path to some remotes. APR 2001 Rev 03 111 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Measure the Distance Between Units Use a mapping method or GPS (global positioning system) to measure the distance between the base station and each remote, and check the radio path to identify any obstructions in the LOS path between the two antennas. Due to the high frequency and low output power permitted in the ISM bands, no obstructions can exist between the base station and the remote unit. Determine Shelter, Power and Environmental Requirements AWE units must be located in a weatherproof environment (a room, EMS cabinet or shelter) with an ambient temperature between 0º and 40º Celsius, and humidity from 0 to 95% non-condensing. Consider building, electrical power, heating and air conditioning requirements. Determining Antenna and Cable Requirements The signal from an indoor antenna can penetrate several walls, although metal obstructions or building features such as elevator shafts can deflect or inhibit radio waves. On-site testing is advised because all interiors are unique. If you plan to install antennas outdoors you need to consider several factors. • Ensure a clear line-of-sight radio path is available between each remote and its base station. • Ensure that Fresnel zone clearances are met. Identify obstructions that could degrade link performance now and in the future. • Obtain permission from building owners if you intend to install the antenna on a rooftop • Obtain 24-hour access to antennas, cables and equipment • Determine antenna mounting positions: the final position should be selected to enable physical shielding of the antenna at the back and sides from radio interference in the ISM band. • Consider potential wind load and ice loading impact on the antenna • Be aware of possible multipath effects: installing an antenna too close to reflective surfaces can cause signal problems. • Check local regulatory restrictions, such as height, on antenna mast usage in the identified location • Ensure that your antenna is properly grounded and installed according to local electrical codes. • Determine transmission cable lengths and plan cable routes. Minimize the length of the coaxial cable because the longer the cable, the greater the cable losses. • Calculate the fade margin—a minimum 15 dB fade margin is required to ensure the reliability of your wireless link. • Determine Ethernet cable lengths and plan cable routes. WARNING Correct antenna installation is critical to the safe operation and performance of your system. Antennas should always be professionally installed. More information about antennas is provided in Antenna Basics, page 118. 112 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Determining Unit Configuration Settings Determining Unit Configuration Settings Configuration settings of units should be determined before installation to ensure easy installation and to reduce installation costs. An information sheet should be prepared for each unit that specifies the basic configuration settings of that unit. • Unit Name • IP Address • Subnet Mask • Station Type • Station Rank • Center Frequency • Security passwords • Scrambling Code • Acquisition Code • Remote Unit RF Group • Transmit Power Level You may also specify other settings such as remote distance, IP filtering and throttling. Calculating a Link Budget Proper path planning ensures that each end of the RF link receives sufficient signal power to maintain the desired Bit Error Rate (BER). The effectiveness and reliability of your RF link depends on several factors. • Antenna gain and other characteristics • Distance between antennas and obstructions in the RF path • Location and height of antennas • Length and type of coaxial cable connecting the unit to the antenna These factors are considered when you calculate your link budget. The calculation indicates, on paper, if your radio link is feasible over a given distance and path and if your RF link meets regulatory requirements. Link budgets are typically expressed in decibels (dB). The following variables are used to calculate the link budget. Variable Description System Gain Maximum path loss that the system can support for usable data transmission EIRP (Effective Isotropically Radiated Power) Power radiating from an antenna taking into account the output power from the transmitter, connector losses, cable losses and antenna gain Antenna Gain Gain of the antenna over a dipole (dBd) or theoretical (dBi) Propagation Loss Signal loss experienced as it travels through the air, expressed in dB APR 2001 Rev 03 113 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Variable Description Fresnel Radius Distance around line-of-sight that must be clear of obstacles Cable Loss Signal loss experienced as it passes through the coaxial cable, expressed in dB Path Loss Total loss from one end of the path to the other. Includes propagation losses, cable losses and any other losses that impact the system performance Each variable is described below. System Gain The system gain of a radio system is the difference between the transmitted power and a receiver’s sensitivity threshold. The system gain of the AWE 120-58 is calculated as follows. Note: For the sake of simplicity, a Tx Power value of 20dBm is used in the following calculations. Formula: System Gain = Transmission Power - Receiver Sensitivity @ 10-6 BER Variables: Tx Power = 20 dBm Receiver Sensitivity = –80 dBm (receiver sensitivity @ 10-6 BER) Calculation: 20dBm – (–80) dBm = 100 dB To ensure reliable communications, the system gain plus all antenna gains must be greater than the sum of all losses. For a reliable link,Wi-LAN recommends that the system gain plus all antenna gains be greater than the sum of all losses by 15 dB. This amount is the fade margin. EIRP (Effective Isotropically Radiated Power) EIRP is the power that radiates from an antenna, taking into account the output power from the transmitter, the connector and cable losses, and the antenna gain. Unlike the Tx output power of the devices, EIRP takes account of antenna gain and cable losses. Antennas use directional gain to increase the effective radiated power. Losses such as cable losses reduce the effective radiated power. You calculate the EIRP as follows. Formula: EIRP = Tx Power (dBm) - Cable Losses (dB) - Connector Losses (dB) + Antenna Gain (dBi) Note: The FCC regulatory body has set the EIRP limit to +36 dBm for point-to-multipoint applications per FCC 15.247(b)(3). For point-to-point applications EIRP can be >36 dBm as per FCC 15.247(b)(3)(ii). Visit www.fcc.gov for the most current information. Industry Canada specifies the EIRP limit to ≤ 4W (+36 dBm) as per RSS-210, 6.2.2(o)(b) for point-to-multipoint applications and 200W (+23 dBW) for point-to-point applications. Visit www.ic.gc.ca for the most current information. 114 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Calculating a Link Budget Antenna Gain To ensure the best range and interference suppression, the external antenna should be directional, focusing the radio energy in one direction (toward the other end of the link) rather than onmi-directional. Use of a directional antenna also reduces interference from other systems operating at the same frequency. Note: In some situations, you may want to use an omni-directional antenna in your system design. For example, you would use an omni-directional antenna for a base station with remote sites situated in a 360º path around it. When you select a Wi-LAN approved antenna, pay particular attention to the gain specification. When you select an antenna for a remote station, select an antenna with a gain that provides at least 15 dB fade margin. Antenna gain is specified in either dBi or dBd. When an antenna is specified in dBd, add 2.14 dB to the value to convert it to dBi. Propagation Loss Propagation loss is the attenuation (reduction) in RF signal energy as it travels through space. In most wireless systems, losses through space are the major contributor to signal attenuation. When you know the intended installation locations of the base and remote stations, determine the physical line of sight distance and then calculate the RF attenuation as follows: Formula: Attenuation (dB) for 5.8 GHz band = 108 dB + 20log(dkm) where: dkm = Distance in Kilometers 108 dB = Pathloss Constant in the 5.8 GHz band Fresnel Zone It is essential that you locate your antennas at maximum above-ground height to ensure that all ground-based obstructions are cleared from the Line of Sight path and the Fresnel Zone. The Fresnel Zone is the expansion of the RF signal radio angles in the vertical plane near the middle of the RF path. Fresnel Zone First Fresnel Zone Line of Sight The maximum Fresnel Radius indicates that this path must be kept clear of obstructions. Fresnel Radius Ground APR 2001 Rev 03 115 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link For the 5.8 GHz band, the approximate Fresnel Radius is calculated as follows. Formula: Fresnel Radius (meters)= 2.2 d km + ( d km ⁄ 8.12 ) Cable Loss Cable and connector losses affect the operation of the wireless link and therefore should be kept to a minimum by minimizing cable lengths and carefully selecting the type of cable. The two primary coaxial cable specifications for the AWE 120-58 are: • Cable must be 50 ohms nominal impedance • Cable must be of a low loss type The following is an example of cable loss ratings at 5.8 GHz. Cable Type LDF2-50 LDF4-50A LDF4.5-50 Loss (dB/meter) 0.32 0.22 0.16 Note: When you calculate path loss, you will add 1dB at each end of the link to compensate for connector losses in addition to the cable loss value. Path Loss Path loss describes the total RF attenuation throughout the system from Tx antenna to Rx antenna. This includes the losses as the RF signal travels through space plus Tx and Rx cable loss, and Tx and Rx connector loss. Use the following formula to calculate path loss. Formula: Path Loss = Tx and Rx Cable Loss + Tx and Rx Connector Loss + Propagation Loss Once you know the path loss, you can compare the value to the system gain value. If the system gain value is greater than the path loss, the link is feasible. See System Gain, page 114 for more information about system gain. Fade Margin Fade margin is the amount by which the system gain plus the total antenna gain exceeds the path loss. Formula: Total antenna gain = Tx Antenna Gain + Rx Antenna Gain As calculated, the fade margin is the number of dB that the received signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity.You require some level of fade margin for any wireless system to compensate for RF path fading due to weather conditions or multipath interference. The Wi-LAN recommended fade margin for the AWE 120-58 is a minimum of 15 dB. The sum of the cable losses, connector losses, propagation losses, and the 15 dB required fade margin should be less than the sum of the system gain and antenna gain. 116 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Link Budget Example Link Budget Example System Gain + Antenna Gain ≥ Propagation Loss + Desired Fade Margin + Cable Losses + Connector Losses Formulas: or Actual Fade Margin ≥ System Gain + Antenna Gain – Propagation Loss – Cable Losses – Connector Losses and Actual Fade Margin ≥ Desired Fade Margin where: System Gain = Tx Power – Rx Sensitivity Antenna Gains = Tx Antenna Gain + Rx Antenna Gain Cable Losses = Base Cable Losses + Remote Cable Losses Connector Losses = Base System Connector Losses + Remote System Connector Losses Variables: Desired Fade Margin = 15 dB Tx Power = 20 dBm Rx Sensitivity = –80 dBm Tx Antenna Gain = 27 dBi Rx Antenna Gain = 27 dBi Propagation Loss for desired range of 10km = 108 + 20 x log(10) = 128 dB Tx Cable Losses (5m LDF2-50) = 5 * 0.32 = 1.6 dB Rx Cable Losses (5m LDF2-50)= 5 * 0.32 = 1.6 dB Tx Connector Losses = 1 dB Rx Connector Losses = 1 dB Variable Calculations: System Gain = 20 - (–80) = 100 dB Antenna Gains = 27 + 27 = 54 dBi Cable Losses = 1.6 + 1.6 = 3.2 dB Connector Losses = 1 + 1 = 2 dB Actual Fade Margin Calculation: Actual Fade Margin = 100 + 54 – 128 – 3.2 – 2 = 20.8 dB Analysis: A goal of Actual Fade Margin ≥ 15 dB is achieved. The values for cable and connector losses in this example are only for illustration.You will need to work these out for your specific installations. APR 2001 Rev 03 117 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Antenna Basics Antennas focus and absorb radio energy in specific directions, depending on their design. AWE 120-58 antennas must be tuned to 5.7250 – 5.8500 GHz. This section contains basic information about antenna parameters and how to select and install antennas for use in your wireless system. Antenna characteristics, mounting location, and correct operation of antennas are critical to a wireless link. Antenna Parameters Parameter Description Gain • Antennas have a gain associated with them, which is a measure of their ability to amplify signals in their tuned band • Antenna gain is achieved by focusing the signal. A higher gain antenna has a more compressed signal dBd vs. dBi • Antenna gain must be measured over a known reference and is often expressed as either dBd or dBi • dBd is antenna gain referenced over a half-wave dipole which is an antenna that has a donut shaped radiation pattern • dBi is antenna gain referenced over an isotropic radiator which is a theoretical antenna that radiates equally in all directions (e.g. the sun) • Wi-LAN references antenna gain in dBi. The conversion factor is 0 dBd = 2.14 dBi Beamwidth • Describes how a signal spreads out from the antenna, and the range of the reception area • Beamwidth is measured between the points on the beam pattern at which the power density is half of the maximum power. This is often referred to as the –3 dB points • A high gain antenna has a very narrow beamwidth and may be more difficult to align Downtilt or uptilt • Some antennas have either an associated downtilt or an uptilt. The tilt further focuses the signal downward or upward with respect to the horizon • Tilt may be either electrically built into the antenna or achieved mechanically with the mounting gear • Downtilt or uptilt may be required when there is a significant deviation between the elevation of the remote site(s) and the base site F/B • Front-to-back ratio • Directional antennas focus the signal in a forward path. Achieved by directing the signal in one direction that reduces the signal in the opposite direction • A higher gain antenna typically has a greater F/B ratio 118 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Antenna Basics Parameter Description XPD • Polarity and Cross-Polarization Discrimination (XPD) • Antennas have an associated polarity, which is the orientation of the radiating element with respect to earth • Antennas are usually described as vertical, horizontal, or circularly polarized. The polarity of all antennas used in a system must be the same • Cross-Polarization Discrimination specifies the signal isolation achieved when the receiving element is perpendicular to the radiating element. Can be advantageous when co-locating radio systems VSWR • Voltage standing wave ratio • VSWR is the voltage ratio of minimum to maximum across a transmission line • A VSWR of 2.0:1 or less in an antenna is considered effective. Most antennas have a VSWR of 1.5:1 • For example, when using a radio with a 4 W output with an antenna VSWR of 1.5:1, the reflected power will be 160 mW Implementation Considerations Some key items to consider when selecting and installing antennas for your wireless network follow. Item Description Absorption • Antennas mounted too close to “soft” objects, such as trees, may experience a reduction in signal strength due to absorption • Absorption is most often encountered in applications installed during the fall or winter months, and the problem does not become evident until the spring Diffraction • Diffraction occurs when a radio signal reflects or bounces off of a solid object • Level of diffraction could lead to connectivity problems if the remaining signal level is too low • Two types of diffraction are shadowing and multipath Shadowing • Shadowing is a form of diffraction that is typically caused when antennas are mounted too close to a structure and they lose a portion of the signal lobe due to reflection. The receive antenna is in a shadowed area • To minimize shadowing, ensure that there is adequate height above structures when mounting antenna equipment Multipath Interference • Multipath is a form of diffraction in which the reflected signal arrives at the receiver at different times which confuses the receiver • Multipath may be interpreted as interference by the receive antenna and can result in bit errors and processing delays APR 2001 Rev 03 119 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Wi-LAN Approved Antennas Antennas must be selected from the following list of Wi-LAN approved antennas. Antennas must be connected using transmission cables having the specified minimum lengths. Antenna Description Number Gain (dBi) 5.8 GHz Cushcraft directional planar S57212AMP 12 Note: 1 One of the following cables 5.8 GHz European 55 degree H-sector1 SA17-55H/449 17 with the specified minimum length must be connected to antenna: 5.8 GHz European 55 degree V-sector1 SA17-55V/450 17 5.8 GHz MTI directional/flat planar MT-10010 32 LMR400 6m 5.8 GHz MTI directional/lat planar MT-10011 28 LMR600 7m 5.8 GHz TIL-TEK directional/dish TA-5224M 28.5 LMR900 13 m 5.8 GHz TIL-TEK directional/dish w/radome TA-5224MR 28.5 LDF4-50A 10 m 5.8 GHz TIL-TEKdirectional/dish TA-5248M 34.2 LDF4.5-50 13 m 5.8 GHz TIL-TEK directional/dish w/radome TA-5248MR 34.2 5.8 GHz TIL-TEK directional/dish TA-5272M 37.5 5.8 GHz TIL-TEK directional/dish w/radome TA-5272MR 37.5 Note: Directional antennas may not be used for point-to-multipoint applications. There are several factors to consider when choosing the right antenna for a wireless application. The following are some initial questions you should ask before selecting an antenna. 120 • What is the operating frequency range? • Will this be a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint application? Ensure that you consider if the application will change in the future. • What are the coverage requirements? • What is the gain requirement? • What is the elevation of the remote site(s) with respect to the base station and will additional downtilt/uptilt be necessary at either the base or remote site to compensate? • Will there be any obstructions in the path? • Will systems be co-located? What polarity will be used? • What are the regional environmental conditions? For example, is there windloading, salt air, excessive moisture, ice buildup etc.? • What is the antenna lifetime expectation? • What are the site and mounting options? • What are the restrictions in the locale regarding the effective radiated power permitted from the antenna? • Will antenna appearance be a factor? AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Antenna Basics Antenna Installation Factors Some factors you should consider when installing antennas into your wireless system are listed below. Factor Description Maximizing the AWE 120-58’s Capabilities • • • • • • • Safety • Proper grounding of antenna apparatus in accordance with respective Electrical Code(s) is crucial • Wi-LAN recommends using a surge arrestor where the antenna cable enters the building • All installations should be completed by a qualified and competent RF technicial EIRP • Effective Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) • EIRP is the amount of power that is transmitted to the air from the antenna • EIRP levels depend on the power of the radio transmitter, the gain of the antenna, and the losses incurred in the antenna cable • EIRP must not exceed 4 W or 36 dBm in Canada and the United States for point-to-multipoint applications. Note: EIRP = Power out of unit – Power lost in cable + Gain in power from Antenna Fade Margin See Calculating a Link Budget, page 113 LOS • Line of Sight (LOS) • LOS is a football shaped pattern known as the Fresnel Zone, which must be kept clear of obstructions. See Fresnel Zone, page 115 for more information • Visual line of sight must be achieved. When standing at the antenna position, you must be able to see the remote antenna APR 2001 Rev 03 Minimize obstructions in the radio path Line Of Sight (LOS) is crucial for reliability Ensure that equipment is installed correctly Ensure proper grounding, testing, and alignment of antennas Install in environmental conditions that are suitable for the AWE unit Select proper antennas and cable for the application Ensure sufficient gain for the intended application 121 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link Minimal Clearance Above Obstructions For the AWE 120-58, the absolute minimum clearance above obstructions requirements are as follows (in meters): 2.2 m × d km @ 5.8 GHz Some example clearance requirements for 5.8 GHz links follow. Distance (km) Clearance (m) Distance (miles) Clearance (ft) 0.5 1.6 0.5 6.5 2.2 9.3 3.2 13.3 3.9 16.7 5.2 22.6 6.9 31.3 10 8.0 10 37.3 15 10.8 15 54.3 Note: There is also a correction factor to compensate for curvature of the earth. This correction factor is not required when the correction value is negligible < 10 km. Installing Antennas Antennas must be installed professionally to ensure that the antenna operates properly and follows accepted safety, electrical, grounding and civil engineering standards. Ensure the following conditions. 122 • Dipole antennas are oriented vertically (point up). • Antennas for the system have the same polarity (vertical, horizontal or circular). • Connectors attaching the coaxial cable to the antenna are properly weatherproofed. • A drip loop is formed at the building entrance to prevent water flowing down the coaxial cable and entering the installation building. • The coaxial cable is secured to the supporting structure at one meter intervals to prevent wind damage and frost loading problems. • The antenna is firmly attached to the mast to prevent it from falling, yet has some flexibility so you can move the antenna to fine-tune its position. • The coaxial cable is connected to the antenna and to the Antenna port on both sides of the link (base and remote stations). • The antennas are grounded properly. AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Antenna Basics Fine-tuning Antennas You can fine-tune the antennas by physically moving the antenna. When the remote antenna is correctly aligned, the Air LED is orange, indicating communication with the base station.You can use the Receive and Transmit Tests to test the link while adjusting the antennas to minimize BER and lost packets and maximize received power.You can use the RSSI Test to maximize RSSI. Once antennas are adjusted to maximize performance, secure them properly to the support structures. Co-locating Units When AWE antennas are located on the same mast, you must take care to ensure the output power from one radio does not overpower another co-located bridge, even if the units are operating on different channels.You may need to install a signal attenuator to lower transmit power, use antenna polarity to your advantage, or adjust antenna uptilit or downtilt. Contact your distributor for antenna and installation assistance when co-locating units. APR 2001 Rev 03 123 Appendix A: Planning Your Wireless Link 124 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal The Windows 95/98 operating system includes a terminal emulation program called HyperTerminal ®.You can use this program to access the AWE 120-58 configuration menus through the Serial port on the front of the unit. Note: Users of the Asian version of Windows can use Tera Term™ shareware (available on the Internet) to configure the AWE 120-58. Starting HyperTerminal To start HyperTerminal 1. In Windows 95 or 98, from the Start menu, select Programs, Accessories, Communications, HyperTerminal. The Connection Description window is displayed. 2. Select an icon for the HyperTerminal session and type a connection name. 3. Click OK. The Connect To window is displayed. 4. In the Connect using field, select the appropriate COM port. 5. Click OK. The COM Properties window is displayed. 6. Enter the following settings. Bits per second 9600 Data bits Parity None Stop bits Flow control None 7. Click OK. The AWE - HyperTerminal window is displayed. 8. From the File menu, select Properties. The Properties window is displayed. 9. Click the Settings tab and then click ASCII Setup. The ASCII Setup window is displayed. APR 2001 Rev 03 125 Appendix B: Using HyperTerminal 10. In the ASCII Sending area, choose the following settings. Send line ends with line feeds Clear the checkbox Echo typed characters locally Clear the checkbox Line delay Type 0 Character delay Type 0 11. In the ASCII Receiving area, do the following. Append line feeds to incoming line ends Click to select the checkbox Force incoming data to 7-bit ASCII Clear the checkbox Wrap lines that exceed terminal width Click to select the checkbox 12. Click OK. The ASCII Setup window closes. 13. Click OK. The Properties window closes. 14. Use a straight through RS-232 serial cable to connect the communications port of the PC to the DB9 connector on the unit. 15. Power up the unit. 16. Press Enter. The Configuration menu is displayed in the HyperTerminal window. Determining the Communications Port To set the communications port in the HyperTerminal session, you need to know which communications port you are using on your computer. Most laptops are connected through COM 1, but PCs can use COM 1 through 3. To determine the communications port 1. Right-click the My Computer icon on your desktop and from the shortcut menu, select Properties. The System Properties window is displayed. 2. Click the Device Manager tab and click Ports (COM & LPT). A list of the available communications ports appears. 3. Select the appropriate port for your HyperTerminal session. Note: A connection to the Configuration menus will not be established if the wrong port is selected. If this occurs, reconfigure the HyperTerminal to connect using another available communications port. 126 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network This section describes how to set up a simple network to perform file transfers between two computers.You need to perform the following tasks. • Check the Network Adaptor Installation • Configure the Network • Enable the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive Checking Network Adaptor Installation To check the network adaptor installation 1. From Windows® choose the Start menu, select Settings, Control Panel. The Control Panel window is displayed. 2. Double-click the System icon. The System Properties window is displayed. 3. Click the Device Manager tab. 4. Double-click Network Adapters. A list of installed devices is displayed. 5. Check for trouble indicators with the previously installed network adaptor(s). 6. Click OK. The Control Panel window is displayed. APR 2001 Rev 03 127 Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network Configuring the Network To configure the network 1. In the Control Panel window, double-click the Network icon. The Network window is displayed. 128 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Configuring the Network 2. In the list of network components area, double-click Client for Microsoft Networks. The Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window is displayed. Note: If Client for Microsoft Networks is not listed, click Add and select Client, Add, Microsoft, Client for Microsoft Networks, and then click OK. 3. In the Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window, do the following tasks. Log on to Windows NT domain Clear the checkbox Windows NT domain Clear the field Logon and restore network connections Click the button 4. Click OK. The Client for Microsoft Networks Properties window closes. APR 2001 Rev 03 129 Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network 5. In the Network window, double-click TCP/IP. The TCP/IP Properties window is displayed. Note: If TCP/IP is not listed in the Network window, click Add and select Protocol, Add, Microsoft,TCP/ IP, and then click OK. 6. Click the IP Address tab. 7. Click Specify an IP Address, and type the following. 8. 9. 10. 11. IP Address 196.2.2.1 Note: Increment the last digit by 1 (i.e. type 196.2.2.2) when configuring the second computer Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Note: This number is the same for both computers Click OK. Click File and Print Sharing. The File and Print Sharing window is displayed. Click to select the I want to be able to give others access to my files checkbox. Click OK. 130 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Enabling Sharing on the Hard Disk Drive 12. In the Network window, click the Identification tab and type the following. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. Computer Name Unique name for each computer. For example, computer 1 and computer 2 Workgroup Workgroup name. For example, Test Note: All computers in the network must have the same workgroup name Computer Description Description of the type of computer used. For example, laptop or desktop In the Network window, click the Access Control tab. Click Share Level Access Control. Click OK. You are prompted to restart your computer. Click Yes. Wait for your computer to restart, then proceed with Enabling the Sharing Feature on the Hard Disk Drive. Enabling Sharing on the Hard Disk Drive To enable the sharing feature on the hard disk drive 1. On the desktop, double-click My Computer. The My Computer window is displayed. APR 2001 Rev 03 131 Appendix C: Configuring a Simple Data Network 2. Right-click the hard disk drive icon (typically drive C:), and select Open. The Properties window is displayed. 3. Click the Sharing tab, and choose the following: Shared As Click the radio button Share Name Type C Comment Leave this field blank Access Type Click to select Full Passwords Leave these fields blank 4. Click OK. 5. Repeat this procedure for all PCs in the network. Once all PCs in the network have been shared, you can view the network by double clicking the Network Neighborhood icon that appears on each PC desktop. 132 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Appendix D: SNMP About SNMP MIB Three elements are required to use SNMP: agent software, management software and a MIB file. SNMP agent software is contained in every AWE unit. Agent software enables a unit to interpret SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) MIB (Management Information Block) commands. SNMP management software is installed on a networked PC or workstation and enables a network administrator to remotely manage AWE units. If you have SNMP manager software installed on a networked PC or workstation, you can configure, monitor and control AWE units via the Ethernet or air. SNMP network management software is available commercially and as shareware (for example, you can download a free evaluation copy from www.mg-soft.com). MIB is simply a list of objects that SNMP can monitor.You can download a proprietary Wi-LAN MIB file from www.wi-lan.com or obtain a copy through the Wi-LAN Technical Assistance Center. The AWE 120-58 is MIB version 2 compliant. After you download the MIB file, you must compile the file with the SNMP management software compiler. SNMP Elements SNMP Element Description Manager Software installed on the network’s host computer and operated by the network administrator. From the host, the Manager configures Agents or polls Agents for information Agent Software that runs on each unit. An Agent accepts configuration commands from the Manager and collects network and terminal information specified in the MIB Management Information Block (MIB) A database that is accessed by a specific set of commands and executed using the SNMP manager. There is a standard MIB and a Wi-LAN customized MIB that stores information relevant to the operation of a wireless network APR 2001 Rev 03 133 Appendix D: SNMP Wi-LAN Object Identifier Nodes The AWE 120-58 uses SNMP version 1, which is MIB 2 compliant. All OID (Object Identifier) nodes in the AWE 120-58 private Wi-LAN MIB are numbered 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.n where n is a private Wi-LAN MIB node number or branch of nodes. All nodes containing statistical information are cleared on power up and reset. Values in all writeable nodes are stored in Flash memory and are retained until overwritten by the administrator, even following power down or reset. From To Classification 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.104 Configuration 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.7 Configuration: System Image List 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.7 System Status 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.32 Statistics 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.7 System Commands Using SNMP Refer to the documentation provided with your SNMP application software for instructions about using SNMP. The procedure for changing a unit’s configuration with SNMP is described below. To change a configuration setting with SNMP 1. Change the parameter to a new value using the appropriate SNMP command. 2. Reboot the unit with the new configuration using the rebootNewRfConfig node command. See System Commands, page 147. 3. Save the new configuration to the unit’s flash memory using the saveConfToFlash node command. See System Commands, page 147. 134 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide APR 2001 Rev 03 Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.8 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.9 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.10 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.11 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.12 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.13 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.14 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.15 Parameter serialNumber productionDate macAddress systemName unitLocation contactName config7 config8 config9 ipAddress ipNewAddress ipSubnetMask ipGatewayAddr ipNetmanAddr ipPacketFiltering Group Configuration INTEGER) IpAddress IpAddress IpAddress IpAddress IpAddress INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER DisplayString (0..31) DisplayString (0..31) DisplayString (0..31) PhysAddress DisplayString (0..15) DisplayString (0..15) Syntax Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read Only Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read Only Read Only Read Only Access The following are descriptions of parameters and node addresses in the AWE 120-58 MIB. Using Object Identifier Nodes IP packet filtering: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled SNMP network management station IP address IP default gateway address (currently not used) IP Subnet Mask: default = 255.255.255.0 New Internet IP Address Internet IP Address: default = 192.168.1.100 Spare Spare Spare User configurable Contact Name User configurable Unit Location Unit System Name Ethernet MAC Address Unit Date of Manufacture Unit Serial Number Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 135 Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.16 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.17 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.18 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.19 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.20 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.21 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.22 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.23 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.24 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.25 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.26 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.27 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.28 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.29 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.30 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.31 Parameter ipAddressFiltering 136 ipFilter1Range ipFilter1Base ipFilter2Range ipFilter2Base ipFilter3Range ipFilter3Base ipFilter4Range ipFilter4Base ipFilter5Range ipFilter5Base config27 config28 config29 stationType stationRank INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER IpAddress INTEGER IpAddress INTEGER IpAddress INTEGER IpAddress INTEGER IpAddress INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read Only Read Only Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Access Current station RF rank: 1 to 1000 Current station type: 0 = remote, 1 = base Spare Spare Spare IP filter 5 base address IP address filter 5 range: (0-255) IP filter 4 base address IP address filter 4 range: (0-255) IP filter 3 base address IP address filter 3 range: (0-255) IP filter 2 base address IP address filter 2 range: (0-255) IP filter 1 base address IP address filter 1 range: (0-255) IP address filtering: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled Description Appendix D: SNMP AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.32 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.33 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.34 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.35 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.36 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.37 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.38 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.39 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.40 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.41 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.42 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.43 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.44 Parameter centerFreq securityWord1 APR 2001 Rev 03 securityWord2 securityWord3 securityWord4 securityWord5 scramblingCode acquisitionCode configMinutes repeaterMode systemType remoteGroup numOfPollRounds INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Access Current Number of Polling Rounds (1-60) Current RF group identifier: 0 = closed, 1 - 63 = special group Current base station symmetry: 0 = asymmetric, 1 = symmetric Current base station repeater mode: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled Current RF configuration test minutes (1-120) Current RF acquisition code (0-15) Current RF scrambling code word Current RF security password 5 Current RF security password 4 Current RF security password 3 Current RF security password 2 Current RF security password 1 Current RF center frequency (57410 to 58338) Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 137 Group 138 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.46 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.47 defStationRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.45 txPwrLevelAdj defStationType Address/Node Parameter INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read Only Read Only Read Only Access 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 10 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 Default Station RF Rank Atten. Integer Atten. (dB) Value (dB) Default Station type: 0 = remote, 1 = base 31 Integer Atten. Integer Value (dB) Value Current RF Tx Power Level Adjust (-31 to 0 dB) Description Appendix D: SNMP AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.48 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.49 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.50 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.51 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.52 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.53 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.54 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.55 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.56 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.57 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.58 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.59 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.60 Parameter defCenterFreq defSecurityWord1 APR 2001 Rev 03 defSecurityWord2 defSecurityWord3 defSecurityWord4 defSecurityWord5 defScramblingCode defAcquisitionCode defConfigMinutes deRepeaterMode defSystemType defRemoteGroup defNumOfPollRounds INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Access Default Number of Polling Rounds (1-60) Default RF group identifier: 0 = closed, 1 - 63 = special group Default base station symmetry type: 0 = asymmetric, 1 = symmetric Default base station repeater mode: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled Default RF configuration test minutes (1-120) Default RF acquisition code (0-15) Default RF scrambling code word Default RF security password 5 Default RF security password 4 Default RF security password 3 Default RF security password 2 Default RF security password 1 FLASH RF center frequency (57410 to 58338) Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 139 Group 140 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.62 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.63 newStationRank 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.61 defTxPwrLevelAdj newStationType Address/Node Parameter INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read/Write Read/Write Read Only Access 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 10 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 New station RF rank (1-1000) Atten. Integer Atten. (dB) Value (dB) New station type: 0 = remote, 1 = base 31 Integer Atten. Integer Value (dB) Value Default RF Tx Power Level Adjust (-31 to 0 dB) Description Appendix D: SNMP AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Group INTEGER INTEGER 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.65 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.66 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.67 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.68 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.69 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.70 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.71 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.72 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.73 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.74 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.75 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.76 newSecurityWord1 APR 2001 Rev 03 newSecurityWord2 newSecurityWord3 newSecurityWord4 newSecurityWord5 newScramblingCode newAcquisitionCode newConfigMinutes newRepeaterMode newSystemType newRemoteGroup newNumOfPollRounds INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.64 newCenterFreq Syntax Address/Node Parameter Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Access New Number of Polling Rounds (1-60) New RF group identifier: 0 = closed, 1 - 63 = special group New base station symmetry type: 0 = asymmetric, 1 = symmetric New base station repeater mode: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled New RF configuration test minutes (1-120) New RF acquisition code (0-15) New RF scrambling code word New RF security password 5 New RF security password 4 New RF security password 3 New RF security password 2 New RF security password 1 New RF center frequency (57410 to 58338) Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 141 Group 142 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.78 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.79 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.80 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.81 rfTransmitStatus linkMonitorPeriod testModeTimer 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.77 newTxPwrLevelAdj stationMode Address/Node Parameter INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Access 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 10 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Test mode timer minutes (1-1000) Link monitor period (0-10000): 0 = disabled, 1 - 10,000 = number of data superframes per single test superframe 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 Atten. Integer Atten. (dB) Value (dB) RF transmit status: 0 = blocked, 1 = unblocked Operating mode: 0 = normal, 1 = Rx Test, 2 = Tx Test, 3 = RSSI Test 31 Integer Atten. Integer Value (dB) Value New RF Tx Power Level Adjust (-31 to 0 dB) Description Appendix D: SNMP AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.82 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.83 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.84 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.85 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.86 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.87 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.88 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.89 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.90 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.91 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.92 Parameter remoteDistance linkMonitorRank APR 2001 Rev 03 throttleEnable throttleLevel config86 config87 config88 config89 communityName1 communityName2 ethernetAccess Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Access INTEGER Read Only DisplayString(0 Read/Write ..15) DisplayString(0 Read/Write ..15) INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax 10 15 20 25 30 12 11 10 Integer 60 50 50 45 40 35 Distance (km) Ethernet access to local host: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled Read-Write access community name Read-only access community name Spare Spare Spare Spare RF throttle level (1-50) Throttling enable: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled Link monitor remote station rank (1-1000) Distance (km) Integer Maximum remote unit distance (km) Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 143 144 System Image List Group 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.2 systemImageName 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.1 systemImageNumber systemImageText 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100 systemImageList 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.99 config99 systemImageSize 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.98 config98 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.97 prevDefaultImage systemImageTime 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.96 defaultImage 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.95 currentImage systemImageDate 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.94 config94 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.100.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.93 wirelessAccess systemImageRevn Address/Node Parameter Read/Write Read Only Access Read Only not accessible Read/Write Read/Write Read Only DisplayString(0 Read Only ..15) INTEGER DisplayString(0 Read Only ..15) DisplayString(0 Read Only ..15) DisplayString(0 Read Only ..15) DisplayString(0 Read Only ..15) INTEGER SEQUENCE OF SystemImageE ntry INTEGER INTEGER DisplayString(0 Read Only ..15) DisplayString(0 Read/Write ..15) DisplayString(0 Read Only ..15) INTEGER INTEGER Syntax System image descriptive text System image file size Time system image file was last changed System image file date System image revision identifier System image file name System image number System Image List Branch Spare Spare Previous default system image file name Selects specified system image file as default Current system image file name Spare Wireless access to local host: 0 = disabled, 1 = enabled Description Appendix D: SNMP AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide APR 2001 Rev 03 Statistics System Status Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.101 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.102 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.103 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.1.104 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.2.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.7 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.8 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.9 Parameter config101 config102 config103 config104 totalHours systemHours loginOkays loginFails localUser telnetUser ftpUser etherRxTotalPkts etherRxLocalPkts etherRxErrorPkts etherRxDroppedPkts etherRxDiscardPkts etherRxTotalKbytes etherRxBcastKbytes etherTxBTotalPkts etherTxDroppedPkts Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Counter Counter Counter Counter INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Syntax Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Access Ethernet transmit packets dropped Total Ethernet packets transmitted Ethernet KBytes received since last reset Total Ethernet KBytes received since last reset Number of received Ethernet packets Discarded Number of received Ethernet packets dropped Ethernet packets received in error Ethernet packets received for local host Total Ethernet packets received FTP user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2 = supervisor Telnet user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2 = supervisor Local user login status: 0 = none, 1 = user, 2 = supervisor Number of unsuccessful login attempts Number of successful logins Current run-time hours since powerup Cumulative run-time hours Spare Spare Spare Spare Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 145 Group 146 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.29 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.30 linkMonRtoBber 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.22 rfRxChecksumErrors linkMonitorRank1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.21 rfRxSFrameErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.28 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.20 rfRxOverrunErrors statistics24 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.19 rfRxSframeCount 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.27 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.18 rfTxDroppedPkts rfItoEThroughput 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.17 rfTxLocalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.26 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.16 rfTxTotalPkts rfEtoIThroughput 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.15 rfRxDiscardedPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.25 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.14 rfRxDroppedPkts rfTxSuperFrameCnt 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.13 rfRxLocalPkts 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.24 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.12 rfRxTotalPkts rfRxLengthErrors 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.11 etherTxBcastKbytes 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.23 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.10 etherTxTotalKbytes rfRxPacketErrors Address/Node Parameter DisplayString (0..8) INTEGER Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Counter Syntax Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Access Link monitor remote to base bit error rate Link monitor remote station rank Spare RF to Ethernet throughput Ethernet to RF throughput Number of RF super frames transmitted Number of RF super frame length errors Number of RF packet control work errors Number of RF super frame header checksum errors Number of RF super frame control word errors Number of RF overrun errors Total RF super frames received Number of transmitted RF packets dropped Number of transmitted local RF packets Total transmitted RF packets Number of received RF packets discarded Number of received RF packets dropped Total received RF packets for local host Total received RF packets Ethernet broadcast KBytes transmitted since last reset Total Ethernet KBytes transmitted since last reset Description Appendix D: SNMP AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide APR 2001 Rev 03 System Commands Group Address/Node 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.31 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.32 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.33 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.34 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.35 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.3.36 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.1 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.2 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.3 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.4 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.5 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.6 1.3.6.1.4.1.2686.2.4.7 Parameter linkMonBtoRber linkMonMissPktCnt linMonEnvPBtoR linkMonEnvPRtoB linkMonCorrPBtoR linkMonCorrPRtoB rebootCurrent rebootImage rebootNewRfConfig restFactConfReboot saveConfToFlash resetRadioStats resetEthernetStats INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER DisplayString (0..15) INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER INTEGER Counter DisplayString (0..8) Syntax Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read/Write Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Read Only Access Reset Ethernet statistics: 1 = reset Reset radio statistics: 1 = reset Save current configuration to flash: 1 = save Restore factory configuration and reboot: 1 = restore Reboot new RF configuration: 1 = reboot Reboot specified system image: system image file name Reboot current system image: 1 = reboot Link monitor remote to base correlation power Link monitor base to remote correlation power Link monitor remote to base envelope power Link monitor base to remote envelope power Link monitor missed packet count Link monitor base to remote bit error rate Description Using Object Identifier Nodes 147 Appendix D: SNMP 148 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Appendix E: Technical Reference Information Front Panel LEDs LED Type Color Status Air (in Normal Mode) Orange Transmitting and receiving approximately equal amounts of data over the air Green Receiving data from the air Red Transmitting data to the air Off Listening to the air Green Receive test mode - RS-232 displays statistics Red Continuous Transmit test mode Orange RSSI test mode - measures fade margin, which is indicated by the color of the Air LED Off Normal transceiver mode Green Receiving data from the wire Red Transmitting data to the wire Orange Transmitting and receiving data on the wire Off Listening to the wire or no wire connnected Green Power is connected to the transceiver Off No power is connected to the transceiver Mode Wire Power Note: The Air LED and the Wire LED are bi-color LEDs: red and green. The displayed color depends on the proportion of received data to transmitted data. The LEDs are mostly green when more data is received than transmitted, and mostly red when more data is transmitted than received. When approximately equal amounts of data are received and transmitted at the same time, the LEDs is orange, which is the color that results from combining equal amounts of red and green. APR 2001 Rev 03 149 Appendix E: Technical Reference Information DC Power Plug Pinout Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 +12 VDC GND N/C Detail DC Power Plug Power Supply Unit 150 AC Power Cord AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide APR 2001 Rev 03 Network Configuration Internet IP Address New IP Address (Reboot Reqd) Internet IP Subnet Mask Default Gateway IP Address SNMP NMS Trap IP Address MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes System Current Status Cumulative Run-Time Current Run-Time Successful Logins Unsuccessful Logins Local User Logged In Telnet User Logged In FTP User Logged In System Software ROM Images (view only) System Revision Information Hardware ROM Size RAM Size Software File Name Unit Identification Serial Number Production Date Ethernet MAC Address Unit Name/Description Unit Location Contact Name Filter 5 Range Filter 5 Base Address Filter 4 Range Filter 4 Base Address Filter 3 Range Filter 3 Base Address Filter 2 Range Filter 2 Base Address Filter 1 Range Filter 1 Base Address IP Filter Configuration IP Packet Filtering IP Address Filtering Remote Station Only Parameters Throttle Enable Throttle Level Maximum Remote Distance Link Monitor Remote Station Rank Base Station Only Parameters RF Station Configuration Operating Mode RF Transmit Status Link Monitor Period Test Mode Timer Minutes Logout Unit Identification Hardware/Software Revision System Software ROM Images Current System Status Network Configuration IP Filter Configuration RF Station Configuration Radio Module Configuration RF/Ethernet Statistics System Security System Commands Link Monitor Display Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Main Menu RF Link Monitor Statistics (view only) Reboot Current Image Restore Factory Config and Reboot Reset Radio Statistics Reset Ethernet Statistics System Commands Default System Image Reboot a System Image Auto Logout Minutes Ethernet Access to Local Host Wireless Access to Local Host Change Supervisor Password Confirm Supervisor Password Change User Password Confirm User Password System Security SNMP Community Name 1 SNMP Community Name 2 RF Ethernet Statistics (view only) Reboot New RF configuration Save Current Config to Flash Radio Module Configuration Station Type Station Rank Center Frequency Security Password 1 Security Password 2 Security Password 3 Security Password 4 Security Password 5 Scrambling Code Acquisition Code Config Test Minutes Tx Power Level Adjust Base Station Only Parameters Repeater Mode System Symmetry Type Dynamic Polling Level Remote Station Only Parameters Remote Unit RF Group Appendix F: Menu Map 151 Appendix F: Menu Map 152 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Appendix G: Upgrading Software If necessary, you can upgrade the software of a AWE 120-58. This section explains how to use FTP to download a new software image to a AWE unit. Before you can download a new software image you need the following items. • A copy of the software image file • A PC connected to the AWE unit via the network • Basic network software installed on your PC, including ftp, ping, telnet, SNMP manager (optional) Obtaining New Software Images New software image files are available from the Wi-LAN support web page at www.wilan.com. Downloading Image Software 1. Obtain the new image files. 2. Open a DOS session on your PC. From Windows®, choose Start, Programs, MS-DOS Prompt. 3. Copy the new image files to a known directory, for example c:\wilan\images. (Create a new directory if a suitable directory does not already exist.) This directory is an example only. C:> copy c:\wilan\images 4. Go to the directory by typing cd c:\wilan\images and press Enter. 5. List the contents of the directory. Type dir and press Enter. The names of image files should be listed in the directory. APR 2001 Rev 03 153 Appendix G: Upgrading Software 6. Type ftp and press Enter where the IP address is the address of the AWE unit. The PC connects to the unit. This IP address is an example only. Enter the IP address of your unit. c:\wilan\images>ftp 192.168.3.85 Connected to 192.168.3.85 220 Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Ethernet Bridge FTP Server User (192.168.3.85(none)): Note: ftp must be installed on your PC. 7. Type "awe" and press Enter. The password prompt appears. c:\wilan\images>ftp 192.168.3.85 Connected to 192.168.3.85 220 Wi-LAN AWE 120-58 Ethernet Bridge FTP Server User (192.168.3.85(none)):awe 331 Password required Password: 8. Type the supervisor password for the unit and press Enter. (Supervisor access is required to change unit settings–see Setting Menu Passwords, page 92). The ftp> prompt appears. 9. After the ftp prompt, type the following "put" command. ftp> put .\ Note: Leave a single space after "put." where 154 Current directory that contains the image file (for example, c:\wilan\images) Name of the image file AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Activating New Software Images 10. Press Enter. The image file transfers from the PC to the unit. The status of the transfer, the file size and the transfer time are displayed. ftp>put .\ 200 Port set okay 150 Opening binary mode connection 226 Transfer complete 10484 bytes sent in 0.11 seconds (95.31 Kbytes/sec) ftp>bye Tip: If you type ftp> help, online instructions for using ftp are displayed. 11. Type bye and press Enter to exit ftp and return to the DOS window. 12. Activate the new software image. See Activating New Software Images, below. Activating New Software Images After you download new image files to a unit, you need to configure the unit to operate from the new image rather than from the current image. If you are on-site, you can use the Main Menu to select the default image. See Setting Default System Image, page 97. If you are at a remote location from the unit, you can use telnet to access the unit’s configuration menu or use SNMP manager software (SNMP parameter = defaultImage) to choose the default image file. See Appendix D: SNMP, page 133. Removing Old Software Images To delete old software images from a AWE unit, you must use ftp to connect to the unit, log in as a "supervisor" and delete images using the "ftp delete" command. Images The amount of flash memory available to store images is limited.To see the amount of memory available, see Viewing System Revision Information, page 39. APR 2001 Rev 03 155 Appendix G: Upgrading Software 156 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Glossary absorption Antennas mounted too close to “soft” objects, such as trees, may experience a reduction in signal strength due to absorption. Absorption is most often encountered in applications installed during the fall or winter months. The problem does not become evident until the spring when leaves appear. acquisition code To minimize the effects of interference, all units in a system use the same acquisition code so the receivers can distinguish the desired signal from other interfering signals. agent In an SNMP context, the agent runs on each unit. An agent accepts configuration commands from the manager and collects network and terminal information specified in the MIB. antenna A device which accepts electromagnetic energy from a circuit or wire and radiates it into space rather than confining it. antenna gain Gain of the antenna over a dipole (dBd) or isotropic (dBi). • Antennas have a gain associated with them, which is a measure of their ability to amplify signals in their tuned band. • Antenna gain is achieved by focusing the signal. A higher gain antenna has more compressed signal. ARP Address Resolution Protocol. A low-level protocol that maps IP addresses to Ethernet addresses. An ARP request is sent out to the network along with an IP address. The node with the address responds to the request with a hardware address so the transmission can take place. attenuation Any loss in signal strength, due to resistance, absorption, capacitance or any characteristic of the medium or design of the system. APR 2001 Rev 03 157 Glossary base station The central control unit of the wireless network. A base station polls remote units and controls how traffic is routed to remotes. The base usually connects to a major access point of main wired network. beamwidth The beamwidth of an antenna describes how a signal spreads out from the antenna as well as the range of the reception area. Beamwidth is measured between the points on the beam pattern at which the power density is half of the maximum power. This is often referred to as the -3 dB points. A high gain antenna has a very narrow beamwidth and may be more difficult to align. BER Bit Error Rate. A percentage of bits per million, showing the number of bits in error compared to the data bits actually sent. blocking Blocking is an operating mode where the radio receives only. Unblocked is the normal operating mode. cable loss The signal loss experienced as it passes through the coax cable. Expressed in dB. channel The part of the spectrum band occupied by a radio signal, usually measured in kilohertz (kHz). closed system A system where remotes cannot communicate directly with each other. They can only communicate with each other via a base station. coaxial cable A type of wire where the inner conductor is surrounded by an outer conductor. The outer conductor serves as an electrical shield. co-location Refers to placing base stations or units in the same location. In this situation, base stations or units can interfer with each other unless steps are taken to isolate the systems from one another (such as aligning antennas or using different channels). collision The situation that exists when two users try to send a signal over the same medium at the same time and the signal uses the same frequencies. configuration menus Menus that allow the viewing and setting of unit parameters. 158 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide contentionless polling A form of dynamic polling that ignores idle remote stations. The number of polls that an idle remote is ignored can be set to maximize polling to active stations. Cross-Polarization Discrimination See XPD. dB Decibel. A relative measure of power used to specify power gains and losses. The difference in power P1 and P2 expressed in dB is dB = 10 × log ( P1 ⁄ P2 ) DB9 A D-shaped connector with 9 pins. dBd dBd is antenna gain referenced over a half-wave dipole which is an antenna that has a donut shaped radiation pattern. Gain of a Standard Dipole = 2.14 dBi. dBi dBi is antenna gain referenced over an isotropic radiator which is a theoretical antenna that radiates equally in all directions (e.g. the sun). Wi-LAN references antenna gain in dBi. The conversion factor is: 0 dBd = 2.14 dBi. dBm A power measurement referenced to one milliwatt. This is an absolute measure of gain. diffraction Diffraction occurs when a radio signal reflects or bounces off of a solid object. The level of diffraction could lead to connectivity problems if the remaining signal level is too low. Two types of diffraction are shadowing and multipath. downtilt Some antennas have either an associated downtilt or an uptilt.The tilt further focuses the signal either downward or upward with respect to the horizon. A tilt may be either electrically built into the antenna or achieved mechanically with the mounting gear. An downtilt or uptilt may be required when there is a significant deviation between the elevation of the remote site(s) and the base site. DSSS Direct sequence spread spectrum. A method of expanding the radio signal over a broad portion of the radio band. dynamic polling (DP) A polling protocol in which idle units are not polled as frequently as active units. Since less time is spent polling idle remotes, there are more available resources for active units and overhead is reduced. APR 2001 Rev 03 159 Glossary dynamic time allocation (DTA) A process for determining how active a remote unit is. A unit is allowed a brief time to respond to a poll before the remote is considered idle. EEPROM Electrically Erasable, Programable Read Only Memory: non-volatile memory. EIRP Effective Isotropically Radiated Power. EIRP is the amount of power that is transmitted to the air from the antenna. EIRP levels depend on the power of the radio transmitter, the size of the antenna and the losses incurred in the antenna cable. To remain license exempt, the EIRP must remain under 4 watts or 36 dBm in Canada and the United States for point-to-multipoint applications. In Europe, this value is reduced to 100 mW or to 20 dBm. Note: EIRP = Power out of unit – Power lost in cable + Gain in power from antenna ERP Effective Radiated Power. The power radiating from an antenna, taking into account the output power from the transmitter, connector losses, cable losses and the antenna gain. ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute. fade margin The amount that the system gain plus the total antenna gain exceeds the path loss is called the fade margin. The fade margin is calculated as the number of dB that the received signal strength exceeds the minimum receiver sensitivity. filtering Filtering limits certain data packets or IP addresses from being passed by a unit. FHSS Frequency hopping spread spectrum. A method of spreading a narrowband signal across a wide radio band by "hopping" the signal as a function of time. Flash memory A type of electrically erasable non-volatile memory that can easily be erased without removal from a unit. fresnel zone The zone around the line of sight between two antennas. It consists of one of a (theoretically infinite) number of a concentric ellipsoids of revolution that define volumes in the radiation pattern of a (usually) circular aperture. 160 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide front to back ratio (F/B) Directional antennas focus the signal in a forward path. This is achieved by directing the signal in one direction that reduces the signal in the opposite direction. A higher gain antenna typically has a greater F/B ratio. ftp File transfer protocol. A network utility program for moving files between nodes. gain The ability of a device to amplify a signal. Gain is the ratio of output power divided by input power, usually expressed in decibels (dB). Gain can also be measured as an absolute value, referenced to an input signal of 1 mW (dBm). For antennas, gain measures the ability of an antenna to focus a signal and is expressed in dBd (half-wave dipole reference) or dBi (isotrophic raditator reference). gateway The access point between one LAN and another LAN that would otherwise be incompatible with each other. It is usually a hardware device that steers communication between networks while performing code and protocol conversions. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. image An image is a collection of configurations or settings for a particular device. With the unit, the System Image File contains a collection of configurations that are used when the unit is rebooted. interference Any signal that tends to hamper the normal reception of a desired signal. Equivalent to jamming except considered non-hostile in origin. IP Address A number assigned to a network node, domain or subdivision. The number consists of four numbers—the first two numbers identify the network and subnetwork and the last two numbers identify unique nodes in the network. ISM Industrial, Scientific, and Medical. It consists of three license-exempt radio bands in North America and some European countries. It is also referred to as part 15.247 in the FCC regulation that defines the parameters for use of the ISM band in the U.S., including power outputs, spread-spectrum, and noninterference. APR 2001 Rev 03 161 Glossary link monitor A AWE utility that sends known data over an active system to test the reliability of the RF link. The link monitor information is overhead, that is, it reduces the amount of available payload for message data. LOS (Line of Sight) A clear, visual line of sight between antennas. When standing at the antenna position, you must be able to see the remote antenna. An elliptical pattern around the line of site, known as the Fresnel Zone, must be kept free of obstructions MAC address Media Access Control address. Alphanumeric characters that uniquely identify a network-connected device. To prevent unneccesary traffic over a radio channel, units automatically learn the MAC addresses of equipment connected to the local Ethernet segment and do not transmit over the radio channel if the destination is local. A packet entering a subscriber unit from the radio port is not sent to the Ethernet port unless the destination MAC address has been learned from packets entering the Ethernet port. manager When used in SNMP, this element is installed on the network’s host computer and is controlled by the network administrator. From the host, the manager configures agents or polls agents for information. MIB Management Information Block. The MIB is a database which is accessed by a specific set of commands that you can execute using the SNMP Manager.There is a standard MIB and a Wi-LAN customized MIB that stores information relevant to the operation of a wireless network. multipath interference When a radio signal is transmitted, it can reflect off of physical objects in the environment and take various paths to the receiver. As a result, the signal can arrive at a receiver at different times, confuse the receiver, and cause bit errors and processing delays. OID nodes Object Identifier Nodes. These are the individual nodes in a MIB. See SNMP and MIB. open system A system where remote units can communicate directly with each other and with the base station. 162 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide overhead Anything that reduces the payload capacity of a system is overhead, even if it serves a useful function. The link monitor data is used to determine transmission statistics, but it reduces the message carrying capacity of a wireless link and is considered overhead. path loss The total loss from one end of the path to the other. This includes propagation losses, cable losses and any other losses that impact the system performance. PN Pseudo-random noise. A code used to change a narrowband signal into a spread spectrum signal. polarization The orientation of the radiating element of an antenna with respect to earth. The polarizaiton of antennas is usually described as being vertical, horizontal or circular. point-to-multipoint A wireless system where one base unit communicates with many remote units. The base unit polls all the remotes and data passes between units to complete the network. point-to-point The simplest wireless system consisting of a base and one remote. polling The base unit in a AWE point-to-multipoint system handles multiple remotes by polling each one sequentially. When a base polls a remote, data exchange between that remote and the base takes place. The remote cannot exchange information with the base until it is polled again. propagation loss The signal loss experienced as it travels through the air. Expressed in dB. RF Radio Frequency. A system of communication using electromagnetic waves propagated through space. Because of varying characteristics, radio waves of different lengths are used for different purposes and are usually identified by their frequency. remote unit A unit that can communicate with a base station or other remote units. A remote unit forms a wireless link between a network segment and a base station. repeater base A repeater base rebroadcasts packets received from a remote unit to other remote units. Remote units that cannot see each other (do not have LOS) can communicate through a repeater base. APR 2001 Rev 03 163 Glossary RS-232 Standards for serial communications, which define the voltages, currents, data rates and other factors about the signals to be used, as well as single-ended, differential, multi-drop operation. RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator. Strength of received signal expressed in dB. The AWE unit measures RSSI as a fade margin value. scrambling code A code used to scramble messages, so that only units with the same scrambling can read the messages. sensitivity The minimum signal strength required for usable performance by a unit. Expressed in dBm. shadowing Shadowing is a form of diffraction that is typically caused when antennas are mounted too close to a structure and lose a portion of the signal lobe due to reflection. The receive antenna is in a shadowed area. To minimize shadowing, ensure that there is adequate height above when mounting antenna equipment to a structure. SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. A protocol you can use to remotely manage a network element by polling, setting terminal values, and monitoring network statistics and events. It is the de facto internet work management standard, designed to provide a mechanism for the exchange of management information in a TCP/IP-based Internet environment. spread spectrum (SS) Any of a group of modulation formats in which an RF bandwidth much wider than signal bandwidth is used to transmit information, resulting in a greater immunity to noise interference. system gain The maximum path loss that the system can support for usable data transmission. system image file The AWE unit uses system image files to store system configuration settings. The default system image file is called “factory-image” and is used when the AWE is first powered up. telnet An Internet communications protocol that enables a computer to function as a terminal working on a remote computer. A computer with a network connection to a AWE unit can use telnet to access its configuration menus. 164 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide throttling Throttling limits the amount of data that a remote station passes. This feature is used to improve overall system performance by adjusting the throughput of a unit to match the throughput of other devices in the network. uptilt See downtilt. VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) VSWR is the voltage ratio of minimum to maximum across a transmission line. A VSWR of 2.0:1 or less in an antenna is considered effective. Most antennas have a VSWR of 1.5:1. For example, when using a radio with a 4 watt output with an antenna VSWR of 1.5:1, the reflected power will be 160 milliwatts. W-OFDM Wide-band orthoganal frequency division multiplexing. A method patented by Wi-LAN that divides a channel into several sub-channels, spreading the signal over the subchannels and correcting errors without having to retransmit. W-OFDM permits several independent channels to operate within the same band, enabling multipoint networks and point-to-point systems to be overlaid in the same frequency band. XPD (Cross-Polarization Discrimination) Antennas have an associated polarity, which is the orientation of the radiating element with respect to earth. Antennas are usually described as being vertically, horizontally or circularly polarized. The polarity of all antennas used in a system must be the same. XPD specifies the amount of signal isolation achieved when the receiving element is perpendicular to the radiating element. This can be advantageous when co-locating radio systems. APR 2001 Rev 03 165 Glossary 166 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Index Numerics 10/100 BaseT connector 9 absorption and antennas 119 defined 157 accessing configuration menus 34–35 acquisition code 75 configuring 75 defined 157 adding to your network 30 address SNMP NMS trap IP address 44 adjusting Tx power level 76 adminstrative best practices 105 agent defined 157 agents SNMP 133 antennas 118–122 absorption 119 beamwidth 118 clearance requirements 122 connector 9 cross-polarization discrimination 119 dBd vs. dBi 118 defined 157 diffraction 119 downtilt 118 EIRP 121 fade margin 121 fine-tuning 123 front to back ratio 118 gain 113, 115, 118, 157 installation factors 121 installing 122 APR 2001 Rev 03 list of approved 120 LOS 121 maximizing capabilities 121 minimal clearance 122 multipath interference 119 pre-installation 112 safety 121 selecting 120 shadowing 119 uptilt 118 voltage standing wave ratio 119 arrow keys setting in telnet sessions 35 assembling units 14 asymmetric base station system type 79 attenuation and antennas 115 defined 157 auto logout minutes 95 automatic logout timeout 95 back panel 8 LED 9 base station defined 158 pre-configuration steps 16 repeater mode 78 setting 68 system symmetry type asymmetric 79 symmetric 79 basic RF link 21 testing 23 basic test setup 22 beamwidth and antennas 118 167 Index defined 158 bench test 21 bench test kit contents 7 indoor antenna connection 14 part number 14 best practices 105 bit error rate defined 158 display in link monitor 101 blocking defined 158 cable loss and link budget variables 114 defined 158 cabling 10 calculating EIRP 114 Fresnel radius 116 propagation loss 115 center frequencies configuring 72, 73 center frequency 72 choosing center frequencies 70 change user password 92, 93 changing configuration with SNMP 134 clearance requirements antennas 122 closed system 81 coaxial cable 158 collision defined 158 co-located base stations, installing 30 command line 104 command line interface 104 community names 91 setting 37 config test timeout period 67 configuration menus accessing 34 navigating 34 configuration settings restoring factory configuration 99 configuring acquisition code 75 base station maximum remote distance 62 repeater mode 78 168 system symmetry type 79 center frequencies 72, 73 community names 37 default gateway IP address 44 default system image file 97 Ethernet access 94 IP settings 44 network configuring 132 networks 128, 131 operating mode 51 passwords login 92 radios 65–85 rank 69 remote access 94 remote station RF group 83 throttling 64 scrambling code 74 SNMP NMS trap IP address 44 station type 68 test mode timer 53 timeout login 95 unit identification 37 name 38 configuring with the Main Menu 36 connecting antenna and power 15 connecting PC to management port 16 connectors 10/100 BaseT 9 antenna 9 power supply 9 contentionless polling 1 defined 159 copyright notice ix Corr Power 101 correlation power 101 and the link monitor display 101 cross-polarization discrimination and antennas 119 defined 165 cumulative run-time 41 current image rebooting 98 current run-time 41 dB AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide defined 159 DB9 159 dBd defined 159 vs. dBi 118 dBi defined 159 default IP gateway address 44 system image file 97 default image 97 descriptions of units base station 2 remote unit 2 repeater 2 diffraction and antennas 119 defined 159 distance setting maximum remote distance 62 downtilt antennas 118 defined 159 DSSS defined 159 DTA 80 dual unit repeater 6 dyamic time allocation 80 dynamic polling defined 159 dynamic polling level 80 dynamic time allocation defined 160 EEPROM 160 EIRP and link budget variables 113 antennas 121 calculating 114 defined 160 enabling sharing on hard disk 132 throttling 64 Env Power 101 envelope power 101 and the link monitor display 101 equipment and tools 14 ERP 160 establishing a basic RF link 21 APR 2001 Rev 03 Ethernet configuring access via 94 resetting statistics 100 viewing statistics 86 Ethernet statistics 86 ETSI 160 factory configuration 99 restoring 99 fade margins 160 and antennas 121 measuring with RSSI mode 59 fan fan air vent 9 features 1 ferrite block installing 25 FHSS defined 160 field installation 29 filtering 160 filters enabling IP address filtering 47 setting IP address filter range 48 setting IP filter base address 48 fine-tuning antennas 123 Fresnel zone defined 160 illustration 115 radius calculation 115 front panel 8 front to back ratio and antennas 118 defined 161 ftp 30 upgrading software with 153 ftp user logged in 41 ftp, using 27 gain defined 161 gateway defined 161 gateway IP address setting default 44 general equipment setup for RF tests 52 getting help x 169 Index guidelines for field installation 29 hyperterminal accessing menu with 34 starting 125 IEEE 161 image files rebooting current 98 setting default 97 viewing 40 installation block diagram 13 description of block diagram 13 overview 13 installation guidelines 29 installing antennas 121, 122 weatherproofing 112 installing units in the field 29 interference defined 161 multipath 119 internet IP SNMP NMS trap address 44 internet IP address 43 IP address filtering 47 IP filters 45 IP packet filtering 47 IP subnet address setting default 43 ISM 161 link budgets antenna gain 113 cable loss 114 EIRP 113 path loss 114 propagation loss 113 system gain 113 variables 113 link monitor configuring for remote station 64 performing link monitor test 54, 55 setting link monitor period 61 setting remote station rank 63 statistics example 57 170 viewing link statistics when testing RF link 24 viewing statistics 101 local user logged in 41 log out of the Main Menu 102 logging in to menus using management port 35 logging out 102 login timeout configuring 95 logging in after 95 LOS 162 antennas 121 MAC address 162 unit identification 37 MAC Filter Entry Age Time Minutes setting 44 main menu 33 manager 162 SNMP 133 maximum remote distance 62 MC-DSSS technology 1 menu map 151 menu passwords 92 menus accessing 34 navigating 34 MIB defined 162 SNMP 133 Wi-LAN nodes 134 minimal clearance above obstructions 122 minimum cable lengths 120 missed packet count 101 mode button 103 location on unit 9 monitor RS-232 link monitor 53 monitoring network 31 multipath interference 119 defined 162 names community 37 navigating menus 34 network adaptor installation AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide checking 127 network configuring 132 network monitoring 31 network plan obtaining the 14 network testing with ftp 30 new software images activating 155 normal operating mode 54, 55 notices copyright ix object identifier nodes configuration 135 statistics 145 system image list 144 system status 145 using 135 OID nodes defined 162 Wi-LAN 134–147 open system 81 operating mode 51 configuring using menus 51, 53 original factory configuration 99 panel back 8 front 8 passwords 92 path loss and link budget variables 114 defined 163 physical layout planning 111 ping, using 27 point-to-multipoint installation 30 point-to-multipoint system defined 163 point-to-multipoint wireless network 3 point-to-point defined 163 point-to-point wireless bridge 3 polarization defined 163 polling defined 163 power APR 2001 Rev 03 electrical supply connector 9 power level adjustment 76 power plug pinout 150 pre-configure pre-congifiguring units during installation 16 steps 16 prerequisites antenna installation 112 network planning 111 preventative maintenance 31 product overview 1 propagation loss and link budget variables 113 calculating 115 defined 163 put command downloading new image files to unit 154 radio configuring 65–85 resetting statistics 100 setting station type 68 specifications 10 viewing statistics 86 radio module configuration 65 rank configuring 69 rear panel 9 reboot a unit 84 reboot current image 98 reboot image 98 rebooting 84 current image 98 new RF configuration 84 receive test 57 regulatory compliance ix remote access allowing 94 configuring 94 remote station setting link monitor from 64 remote to base corr power 101 remote to base env power 101 remote unit configuring 68 defined 163 pre-configuration steps 20 remote unit RF group 83 171 Index remote-to-remote communication 4 repeater 6 repeater base 77 repeater mode 77 repeater mode and RF group setting 82 repeater unit defined 163 resetting ethernet statistics 100 radio/RF statistics 100 restoring factory configuration settings 99 restoring factory configuration 99 RF defined 163 groups 83 resetting statistics 100 viewing statistics 86 RF group 83 RF network planning overview 111, 153 physical layout 111 prerequisites 111 RF Station Configuration normal mode 49 receive test 49 RSSI test 49 transmit test 49 RF Statistics 86 RF statistics 86 RF test equipment setup 52 RF transmit status 60 ROM viewing images 40 ROM images 40 RS-232 defined 164 RSSI defined 164 RSSI LED indicator mode button 59 RSSI mode configuring with menus 53 with mode button 49, 58, 89, 96 RSSI mode 59 RSSI test 59 safety 172 antennas 121 save current configuration to FLASH 85 scrambling code configuring 74 scrambling codes 74 sectors 5, 30 security 89 community names 37 remote access 94 setting login timeouts 95 system 37, 89 security passwords 73 see install 10 selecting antennas 120 selecting operating mode with mode button 103 sensitivity 164 set the operating mode 51 setting internet IP address 43 setting VT100 arrows 35 shadowing 119, 164 shipping package contents 7 simple network test 25, 27 simple network test setup 27 site master test set 29 SNMP agents 133 defined 164 manager 133 MIB 133 setting community names for 37 setting NMS trap IP address 44 SNMP application software 134 SNMP NMS trap address 44 setting 44 software upgrade 153 specifications 10 configuration 11 environment 11 general 10 network support 10 radio 10 security 11 wireless network protocols 11 spread spectrum defined 164 spread spectrum, MCDSS 10 station rank 69 station type 68 statistics 86 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide resetting statistics 100 viewing Ethernet 86 viewing RF 86 successful logins 41 supervisor password 93 default 34 sweeping antennas 29 symmetric base station system type 79 system physical layout 111 security 89 system gain defined 164 system image files 96 setting the default 97 system symmetry type 79 telnet accessing units with 35 setting arrow keys in sessions 35 telnet user logged in 41 test time minutes 53 testing with a simple wireless network 25 throttle enable 64 throttle level 64 throttling 64 configuring 64 defined 165 timeouts login 95 timer test mode 53 tools and equipment 14 transmit or receive tests 57 transmit test 57 trap address 44 troubleshooting x, 106 troubleshooting areas 106 troubleshooting chart 107 Tx power level adjustment 76 MAC address 37 production date 37 serial number 37 unit location 37 unit name/description 37 unsuccessful logins 41 upgrading software 153 uptilt antennas 118 defined 165 user password 92 default 34 variables link budgets 113 view link monitor rank 101 view missed packet count 101 view remote to base BER 101 viewing current radio module configuration 65 current system status 41 Ethernet statistics 86 IP addresses 42 link monitor statistics 101 radio/RF statistics 86 subnet mask 42 system revision information 39 system software ROM images 40 voltage standing wave ratio and antennas 119 defined 165 VT100 arrows 35 WAN system configuration 34 weatherproofing 112 wireless configuring access via 94 wireless bridge 3 W-OFDM defined 165 unit identification 37 name 38 unit identification contact name 37 APR 2001 Rev 03 173 Index 174 AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide Product Code: 5710-0005 Copyright© APR 2001 Rev 03 We are interested in your comments. Please contact us by email at docfeedback@wi-lan.com if you have any comments about this user guide. AWE 120-58 Installation & Configuration Guide 5710-0005 APR 2001 Rev 03 www.wi-lan.com
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