4RF N0700AAAA0000A Aprisa XE 700-bbb-vv User Manual Aprisa XE

4RF Limited Aprisa XE 700-bbb-vv Aprisa XE

1. User Manual 1
2. User Manual 2

User Manual 1

Download:
Mirror Download [FCC.gov]
Document ID	1765064
Application ID	tV2NUijTnd0XMf72rYXyNg==
Document Description	User Manual 1
Short Term Confidential	No
Permanent Confidential	No
Supercede	No
Document Type	User Manual
Display Format	Adobe Acrobat PDF - pdf
Filesize	240.37kB (3004639 bits)
Date Submitted	2012-08-13 00:00:00
Date Available	2012-08-13 00:00:00
Creation Date	2012-07-26 13:35:52
Producing Software	MicrosoftÂ® Office Word 2007
Document Lastmod	2012-08-01 13:32:42
Document Title	Aprisa XE User Manual
Document Creator	MicrosoftÂ® Office Word 2007
Document Author:	Doug.Connor

April 2012
Version 8.6.77
| 1
Copyright
Copyright © 2012 4RF Limited. All rights reserved.
This document is protected by copyright belonging to 4RF Limited and may not be reproduced or
republished in whole or part in any form without the prior written permission of 4RF Limited.
Trademarks
Aprisa and the 4RF logo are trademarks of 4RF Limited.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries. Java
and all Java-related trademarks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the
United States and other countries. All other marks are the property of their respective owners.
GoAhead WebServer. Copyright © 2000 GoAhead Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Disclaimer
Although every precaution has been taken preparing this information, 4RF Limited assumes no liability for
errors and omissions, or any damages resulting from use of this information. This document or the
equipment may change, without notice, in the interests of improving the product.
RoHS and WEEE Compliance
The Aprisa XE is fully compliant with the European Commission’s RoHS (Restriction of Certain Hazardous
Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment) and WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment)
environmental directives.
Restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS)
The RoHS Directive prohibits the sale in the European Union of electronic equipment containing these
hazardous substances: lead*, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs),
and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs).
4RF Limited has worked with its component suppliers to ensure compliance with the RoHS Directive which
came into effect on the 1st July 2006.
*The European Commission Technical Adaptation Committee (TAC) has exempted lead in solder for highreliability applications for which viable lead-free alternatives have not yet been identified. The exemption
covers communications network infrastructure equipment, which includes 4RF Limited Aprisa XE
microwave radios.
End-of-life recycling programme (WEEE)
The WEEE Directive concerns the recovery, reuse, and recycling of electronic and electrical equipment.
Under the Directive, used equipment must be marked, collected separately, and disposed of properly.
4RF Limited has instigated a programme to manage the reuse, recycling, and recovery of waste in an
environmentally safe manner using processes that comply with the WEEE Directive (EU Waste Electrical
and Electronic Equipment 2002/96/EC).
4RF Limited invites questions from customers and partners on its environmental programmes and
compliance with the European Commission’s Directives (sales@4RF.com).
Aprisa XE User Manual
2 |
Compliance General
The Aprisa XE digital radio predominantly operates within frequency bands that require a site license be
issued by the radio regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the territory in which the equipment is
being operated.
It is the responsibility of the user, before operating the equipment, to ensure that where required the
appropriate license has been granted and all conditions attendant to that license have been met.
Changes or modifications not approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s
authority to operate the equipment.
Equipment authorizations sought by 4RF Limited are based on the Aprisa XE radio equipment being
installed at a fixed location and operated in a continuous point-to-point mode within the environmental
profile defined by EN 300 019, Class 3.2. Operation outside these criteria may invalidate the
authorizations and / or license conditions.
The term ‘Terminal’ with reference to the Aprisa XE User Manual, is a generic term for one end of a fixed
point-to-point Aprisa XE link and does not confer any rights to connect to any public network or to operate
the equipment within any territory.
Compliance ETSI
The Aprisa XE radio terminal is designed to comply with the European Telecommunications Standards
Institute (ETSI) specifications as follows:
Radio performance
EN 302 217 Parts 1, 2.1, and 2.2
EMC
EN 301 489 Parts 1 & 4
Environmental
EN 300 019, Class 3.2
Safety
EN 60950
An Aprisa XE radio terminal operating in the following frequency bands / channel sizes
has been tested and is compliant to the ETSI radio specifications and suitably displays
the CE logo.
Other bands are compliant to the same radio performance specifications as adapted by
4RF Limited and therefore may be used in regions where compliance requirements
demand CE performance at other frequencies.
Frequency band
Channel size
Power input
Notified
body
300 MHz
400 MHz
25 kHz, 50 kHz, 75 kHz, 125 kHz,
150 kHz, 250 kHz, 500 kHz,
1.0 MHz, 1.75 MHz, 3.50 MHz
12 VDC, 24 VDC,
48 VDC, 115/230 VAC
Notified
Body 0678
600
700
800
900
500 kHz
12 VDC, 24 VDC,
48 VDC, 115/230 VAC
Notified
Body 0678
1400 MHz
75 kHz, 150 kHz, 250 kHz,
500 kHz, 1.0 MHz, 1.75 MHz,
3.50 MHz, 7 MHz
12 VDC, 12 VDC LP,
24 VDC, 48 VDC,
115/230 VAC
1800 MHz
2000 MHz
2500 MHz
250 kHz, 500 kHz, 1.0 MHz,
1.75 MHz, 3.50 MHz, 7 MHz,
14 MHz
12 VDC, 24 VDC,
48 VDC, 115/230 VAC
MHz
MHz
MHz
MHz
Aprisa XE User Manual
| 3
Informal Declaration of Conformity
Dansk
Undertegnede 4RF Limited erklærer herved, at følgende udstyr Aprisa Radio
overholder de væsentlige krav og øvrige relevante krav i direktiv 1999/5/EF.
Deutsch
Hiermit erklärt 4RF Limited, dass sich dieses Aprisa Radio in Übereinstimmung
mit den grundlegenden Anforderungen und den anderen relevanten
Vorschriften der Richtlinie 1999/5/EG befindet. (BMWi)
Dutch
Hierbij verklaart 4RF Limited dat het toestel Aprisa Radio in
overeenstemming is met de essentiële eisen en de andere relevante
bepalingen van richtlijn 1999/5/EG.
English
Hereby, 4RF Limited, declares that this Aprisa Radio equipment is in
compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of
Directive 1999/5/EC.
Español
Por medio de la presente 4RF Limited declara que el Aprisa Radio cumple con
los requisitos esenciales y cualesquiera otras disposiciones aplicables o
exigibles de la Directiva 1999/5/CE.
΢λληνας
ΜΕ ΣΗΝ ΠΑΡΟΤ΢Α 4RF Limited ΔΗΛΩΝΕΙ ΟΣΙ Aprisa Radio ΢ΤΜΜΟΡΥΩΝΣΑΙ
ΠΡΟ΢ ΣΙ΢ ΟΤ΢ΙΩΔΕΙ΢ ΑΠΑΙΣΗ΢ΕΙ΢ ΚΑΙ ΣΙ΢ ΔΟΙΠΕ΢ ΢ΦΕΣΙΚΕ΢ ΔΙΑΣΑΞΕΙ΢ ΣΗ΢
ΟΣΗΓΙΑ΢ 1995/5/ΚΕ.
Français
Par la présente 4RF Limited déclare que l'appareil Aprisa Radio est conformé
aux exigences essentielles et aux autres dispositions pertinentes de la
directive 1999/5/CE.
Italiano
Con la presente 4RF Limited dichiara che questo Aprisa Radio è conforme ai
requisiti essenziali ed alle altre disposizioni pertinenti stabilite dalla direttiva
1999/5/CE.
Português
4RF Limited declara que este Aprisa Radio está conforme com os requisitos
essenciais e outras provisões da Directiva 1999/5/CE.
Suomalainen
4RF Limited vakuuttaa täten että Aprisa Radio tyyppinen laite on direktiivin
1999/5/EY oleellisten vaatimusten ja sitä koskevien direktiivin muiden
ehtojen mukainen.
Svensk
Härmed intygar 4RF Limited att denna Aprisa Radio står I överensstämmelse
med de väsentliga egenskapskrav och övriga relevanta bestämmelser som
framgår av direktiv 1999/5/EG.
A formal Declaration of Conformity document is shipped with each Aprisa XE terminal.
Aprisa XE User Manual
4 |
Compliance FCC
The Aprisa XE radio terminal is designed to comply with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
specifications as follows:
Radio performance / EMC
(dependant on variant)
47CFR part 90 Private Land Mobile Radio Services
47CFR part 101 Fixed Microwave Services
47CFR part 27 Misc Wireless Communication Services
47CFR part 15 Radio Frequency Devices
Safety
EN 60950
Frequency band
limits
Channel
size
Power input
Authorization
FCC ID
421 MHz to
512 MHz
25 kHz
48 VDC
Part 90 Certification
UIPN0400025A0200A
932.5 MHz to
944 MHz
100 kHz,
200 kHz
24 VDC,
48 VDC,
110 VAC
Part 101 Verification
2314.5
2317.5
2346.5
2349.5
250 kHz,
500 kHz
24 VDC,
48 VDC,
110 VAC
Part 27 Certification
UIPN2500AAAA0200A
MHz to
MHz
MHz to
MHz
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,
pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with
the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be
required to correct the interference at his own expense.
Compliance Industry Canada
The Aprisa XE radio terminal is designed to comply with Industry Canada (IC) specifications as follows:
Radio performance
(dependant on variant)
RSS-GEN
RSS-119
EMC
This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian
standard ICES-003
Safety
EN 60950
Frequency band
limits
Channel
size
Power input
Authorization
IC ID
932.5 MHz to
944 MHz
100 kHz,
200 kHz
24 VDC,
48 VDC,
110 VAC
RSS-119
6772A-N09AAACC
406.1 MHz to
430 MHz
450 MHz to
470 MHz
25 kHz,
75 kHz,
150 kHz
12 VDC
24 VDC,
48 VDC,
110 VAC
RSS-119
6772A-N04AAAEC
Aprisa XE User Manual
| 5
RF Exposure Warning
WARNING:
The installer and / or user of Aprisa XE radio terminals shall ensure that a separation
distance as given in the following table is maintained between the main axis of the
terminal’s antenna and the body of the user or nearby persons.
Minimum separation distances given are based on the maximum values of the
following methodologies:
1. Maximum Permissible Exposure non-occupational limit (B or general public) of
47 CFR 1.1310 and the methodology of FCC’s OST/OET Bulletin number 65.
2. Reference levels as given in Annex III, European Directive on the limitation of
exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz)
(1999/519/EC). These distances will ensure indirect compliance with the
requirements of EN 50385:2002.
Frequency
(MHz)
Maximum power
(dBm)
Maximum
antenna gain
(dBi)
Maximum power
density
(mW/cm2)
Minimum
separation
distance
(m)
400
+ 35
15
0.20
2.0
512
+ 35
15
0.26
1.8
715
+ 34
15
0.36
1.3
806
+ 34
28
0.40
5.6
890
+ 34
28
0.45
5.3
960
+ 34
28
0.48
5.1
1550
+ 34
33
0.78
7.2
2300
+ 34
37
1.00
10.0
2700
+ 34
38
1.00
11.2
Aprisa XE User Manual
Contents | 7
Contents
1.
Getting Started .......................................................................... 15
2.
Introduction .............................................................................. 19
About This Manual ............................................................................... 19
What It Covers ............................................................................ 19
Who Should Read It ...................................................................... 19
Contact Us ................................................................................. 19
What's in the Box ................................................................................ 19
Aprisa XE CD Contents ................................................................... 20
Accessory Kit .............................................................................. 21
3.
Preparation............................................................................... 23
Path Planning .................................................................................... 23
Antenna Selection and Siting ........................................................... 23
Coaxial Feeder Cables ................................................................... 26
Link Budget................................................................................ 26
Site Requirements ............................................................................... 27
Power Supply.............................................................................. 27
Equipment Cooling ....................................................................... 27
Earthing and Lightning Protection ..................................................... 28
4.
About the Terminal..................................................................... 29
Introduction ...................................................................................... 29
Modules ........................................................................................... 30
Front Panel Connections and Indicators ..................................................... 31
Interface Card Types............................................................................ 32
5.
Mounting and Installing the Terminal .............................................. 33
Required Tools ................................................................................... 33
Installing the Terminal ......................................................................... 33
Installing the Antenna and Feeder Cable .................................................... 34
External Alarms .................................................................................. 35
Alarm Circuit Setup ...................................................................... 35
Interface Cabling ................................................................................ 36
Power Supplies................................................................................... 37
DC Power Supply.......................................................................... 37
AC Power Supply.......................................................................... 40
Safety Earth ............................................................................... 42
Bench Setup ...................................................................................... 43
Aprisa XE User Manual
8 | Contents
6.
Connecting to the Terminal .......................................................... 45
Connecting to the Terminal's Setup Port .................................................... 45
Connecting to the Terminal's Ethernet Interface ........................................... 48
PC Requirements for SuperVisor ....................................................... 49
PC Settings for SuperVisor .............................................................. 50
IP Addressing of Terminals ..................................................................... 53
Network IP Addressing .......................................................................... 54
Same Subnet as the Local PC ........................................................... 54
Different Subnet as the Local PC ...................................................... 55
7.
Managing the Terminal ................................................................ 57
The Setup Menu ................................................................................. 57
SuperVisor ........................................................................................ 59
SuperVisor Logging In .................................................................... 60
SuperVisor Logging Out .................................................................. 61
SuperVisor Main Screen ......................................................................... 62
Changing the Terminal’s IP Address .......................................................... 64
Setting Up Users ................................................................................. 65
User groups ................................................................................ 65
Adding a User ............................................................................. 65
Disabling a User........................................................................... 66
Deleting a User ........................................................................... 66
Saving User Information ................................................................. 66
Changing Passwords ...................................................................... 67
Viewing User Session Details ............................................................ 67
8.
Configuring the Terminal ............................................................. 69
Configuring the RF Settings .................................................................... 69
Modem Performance Settings........................................................... 72
Entering Basic Terminal Information ......................................................... 74
Configuring the IP Settings ..................................................................... 75
Setting the Terminal Clocking ................................................................. 76
Setting the Duplexer Parameters ............................................................. 79
Setting the RSSI Alarm Threshold ............................................................. 80
Configuring the External Alarms .............................................................. 81
Configuring the External Alarm Inputs ................................................ 81
Configuring the External Alarm Outputs .............................................. 83
Configuring SNMP Settings ..................................................................... 85
SNMP Access Controls .................................................................... 86
SNMP Trap Destinations ................................................................. 87
Viewing the SNMP Traps ................................................................. 88
Viewing the SNMP MIB Details .......................................................... 88
Saving the Terminal's Configuration .......................................................... 89
Aprisa XE User Manual
Contents | 9
9.
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces .................................................. 91
Viewing a Summary of the Interfaces ........................................................ 91
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces ............................................................ 92
Ethernet Switch ................................................................................. 93
VLAN tagging .............................................................................. 93
Quality of Service ........................................................................ 96
Viewing the Status of the Ethernet Ports ........................................... 100
Resetting the Ethernet Settings ...................................................... 100
Ethernet Port Startup .................................................................. 101
QJET Port Settings ............................................................................ 102
Q4EM Port Settings ............................................................................ 104
Loop Interface Circuits ....................................................................... 107
DFXO / DFXS Loop Interface Circuits ................................................ 107
E1 CAS to DFXS Circuits................................................................ 110
DFXS to DFXS Hotline Circuits ........................................................ 110
DFXS Port Settings ...................................................................... 112
DFXO Port Settings ..................................................................... 120
QV24 Serial Interface Card ................................................................... 128
QV24 Port Settings ..................................................................... 129
QV24S Port Settings .................................................................... 130
HSS Port Settings .............................................................................. 133
HSS Handshaking and Clocking Modes ...................................................... 135
HSS Handshaking and Control Line Function ....................................... 135
HSS Synchronous Clock Selection Modes ............................................ 138
Aprisa XE User Manual
10 | Contents
10. Cross Connections ..................................................................... 145
Embedded Cross Connect Switch............................................................
Link Capacity Utilization ..............................................................
The Cross Connections Application .........................................................
The Cross Connections System Requirements ......................................
Installing the Cross Connections Application .......................................
Opening the Cross Connections Application ........................................
The Cross Connections Page ..........................................................
Setting the Terminal's IP Address ....................................................
Management and User Ethernet Capacity...........................................
Setting Card Types .....................................................................
Getting Cross Connection Configuration from the Terminals ....................
Creating Cross Connections ...........................................................
Sending Cross Connection Configuration to the Terminals .......................
Saving Cross Connection Configurations ............................................
Using Existing Cross Connection Configurations ...................................
Printing the Cross Connection Configuration .......................................
Deleting Cross Connections ...........................................................
Configuring the Traffic Cross Connections.................................................
Compatible Interfaces .................................................................
QJET Cross Connections ...............................................................
Selecting and Mapping Bits and Timeslots ..........................................
Q4EM Cross Connections...............................................................
DFXS and DFXO Cross Connections ...................................................
QV24 Cross Connections ...............................................................
QV24S Cross Connections ..............................................................
HSS Cross Connections .................................................................
Cross Connection Example ...................................................................
Symmetrical Connection Wizard ............................................................
Starting the Cross Connections Wizard ..............................................
Cross Connections Wizard Navigation ...............................................
Setting the Cross Connections IP Address ...........................................
Setting the Cross Connections Bandwidth ..........................................
Cross Connections Card Selection ....................................................
Cross Connections Interface Configurations ........................................
Symmetrical Connection Summary...................................................
Send Symmetrical Connection Configuration .......................................
145
145
145
145
146
146
147
149
150
151
151
152
155
155
155
156
157
158
158
159
166
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
176
176
177
177
178
179
180
180
11. Protected Terminals .................................................................. 181
Monitored Hot Stand By (MHSB) .............................................................
Tributary Switch Front Panel .........................................................
RF Switch Front Panel .................................................................
MHSB Cabling............................................................................
MHSB Power Supply ....................................................................
Configuring the Radios for Protected Mode ........................................
Hitless Space Diversity (HSD) ................................................................
HSD Terminal Cabling ..................................................................
HSD Terminal IP Addresses ............................................................
Aprisa XE User Manual
181
182
183
185
185
186
190
191
192
Contents | 11
12. In-Service Commissioning ............................................................ 197
Before You Start ...............................................................................
What You Will Need ....................................................................
Applying Power to the Terminals ...........................................................
Review the Link Configurations Using SuperVisor ........................................
Antenna Alignment ............................................................................
Checking the Antenna Polarization ..................................................
Visually Aligning Antennas ............................................................
Accurately Aligning the Antennas ....................................................
Checking Performance .................................................................
Checking the Receive Input Level....................................................
Checking the Fade Margin .............................................................
Checking the Long-Term BER .........................................................
Bit Error Rate Tests ....................................................................
Additional Tests ........................................................................
Checking the Link Performance ......................................................
Viewing a Summary of the Link Performance ......................................
Saving the History of the Link Performance ........................................
197
197
198
198
199
199
200
201
203
203
204
205
205
206
207
208
209
13. Maintenance ............................................................................ 213
Routine Maintenance .........................................................................
Terminal Upgrades ............................................................................
Software Upgrade Process ............................................................
Uploading the Root File System ......................................................
Uploading the Motherboard Images ..................................................
Identifying the Correct TFTP Upgrade Type ........................................
TFTP Upgrade Process Types .........................................................
Uploading System Files ................................................................
Viewing the Image Table ..............................................................
Changing the Status of an Image File................................................
Rebooting the Terminal ......................................................................
Support Summary..............................................................................
Installing Interface Cards ....................................................................
Preparing the Terminal for New Interface Cards ..................................
Installing an Interface Card ...........................................................
Configuring a Slot ......................................................................
213
214
215
216
216
217
220
226
231
232
233
234
235
236
238
240
14. Troubleshooting ........................................................................ 241
Loopbacks ......................................................................................
RF Radio Loopback .....................................................................
Interface Loopbacks ...................................................................
Timeslot Loopbacks ....................................................................
Alarms...........................................................................................
Diagnosing Alarms ......................................................................
Viewing the Alarm History ............................................................
Saving the Alarm History ..............................................................
Viewing Interface Alarms..............................................................
Clearing Alarms .........................................................................
Identifying Causes of Alarms..........................................................
E1 / T1 Alarm Conditions..............................................................
System Log .....................................................................................
Checking the Syslog ....................................................................
Setting up for Remote Logging .......................................................
Aprisa XE User Manual
241
241
242
243
244
244
246
247
248
249
250
252
253
253
255
12 | Contents
15. Interface Connections ................................................................ 257
RJ-45 Connector Pin Assignments ...........................................................
Interface Traffic Direction ...................................................................
QJET Interface Connections .................................................................
Ethernet Interface Connections .............................................................
Q4EM Interface Connections .................................................................
E&M Signalling Types ..................................................................
DFXS Interface Connections..................................................................
DFXO Interface Connections .................................................................
HSS Interface Connections ...................................................................
Synchronous cable assemblies ........................................................
Cable WAN Connectors ................................................................
QV24 Interface connections .................................................................
QV24S Interface connections ................................................................
257
257
258
259
260
261
263
264
265
266
272
273
273
16. Alarm Types and Sources ............................................................ 275
Alarm Types ....................................................................................
Transmitter Alarms.....................................................................
Receiver Alarms ........................................................................
MUX Alarms..............................................................................
Modem Alarms ..........................................................................
Motherboard Alarms ...................................................................
QJET Alarms .............................................................................
DFXO Alarms ............................................................................
DFXS Alarms .............................................................................
HSS Alarms ..............................................................................
QV24 Alarms.............................................................................
External Alarm Inputs ..................................................................
Remote Terminal Alarms ..............................................................
Cross Connect Alarms ..................................................................
MHSB Alarms ............................................................................
HSD Alarms ..............................................................................
Software Alarms ........................................................................
275
275
277
280
280
280
281
281
281
282
282
282
282
283
283
283
284
17. Country Specific Settings ............................................................ 285
Aprisa XE User Manual
Contents | 13
18. Specifications ........................................................................... 287
RF Specifications ..............................................................................
ETSI .......................................................................................
FCC .......................................................................................
Industry Canada ........................................................................
Receiver Performance .................................................................
Duplexers ................................................................................
Interface Specifications ......................................................................
Ethernet Interface .....................................................................
QJET Quad E1 / T1 Interface .........................................................
Q4EM Quad 4 Wire E&M Interface....................................................
DFXO Dual Foreign Exchange Office Interface .....................................
DFXS Dual Foreign Exchange Subscriber Interface .................................
QV24 Quad V.24 Serial Data Interface ..............................................
QV24S Quad V.24 Serial Data Interface .............................................
HSS Single High Speed Synchronous Data Interface ...............................
External Alarm Interfaces .............................................................
Auxiliary Interfaces ....................................................................
Power Specifications ..........................................................................
AC Power Supply........................................................................
DC Power Supply........................................................................
Power Consumption ....................................................................
Protection System Specifications ...........................................................
MHSB Protection ........................................................................
HSD Protection..........................................................................
General Specifications ........................................................................
Environmental ..........................................................................
Mechanical ..............................................................................
ETSI Compliance ........................................................................
287
287
294
297
301
301
302
302
303
304
305
307
309
309
310
310
310
311
311
311
312
314
314
314
315
315
315
315
19. Product End Of Life ................................................................... 317
End-of-Life Recycling Programme (WEEE) .................................................
The WEEE Symbol Explained ..........................................................
WEEE Must Be Collected Separately .................................................
YOUR ROLE in the Recovery of WEEE ................................................
EEE Waste Impacts the Environment and Health ..................................
317
317
317
317
317
20. Abbreviations ........................................................................... 319
21. Acknowledgments and Licensing ................................................... 321
22. Commissioning Form .................................................................. 327
23. Index ...................................................................................... 329
Aprisa XE User Manual
Getting Started | 15
1.
Getting Started
This section is an overview of the steps required to commission a link in the field.
Phase 1: Pre-installation
1.
Confirm path planning.
Page 23
2.
Ensure that the site preparation is complete:
Page 26
Power requirements
Tower requirements
Environmental considerations, for example, temperature control
Rack space
3.
Confirm the interface card configuration.
Phase 2: Installing the terminals
1.
Before installing the terminal into the rack, check that all the required
interface cards are fitted.
Position and mount the terminal in the rack.
Page 33
2.
Connect earthing to the terminal.
Page 28
3.
Confirm that the:
Antenna is mounted and visually aligned.
Feeder cable is connected to the antenna.
Feeder connections are tightened to recommended level.
Tower earthing is complete.
4.
Install lightning protection.
Page 28
5.
Connect the coaxial jumper cable between the lightning protection and
the terminal duplexer.
6.
Connect the power supply to the terminal and apply power.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Page 35
16 | Getting Started
Phase 3: Establishing the link
1.
If you don't know the terminal's IP address :
Page 58
Connect the setup cable between the terminal's Setup port and the PC
using accessory kit adaptor.
Use HyperTerminal to confirm the IP settings for the terminal:
Local IP address
Local subnet mask
Remote terminal IP address
Reboot the terminal
2.
Connect the Ethernet cable between the terminal's 4-port Ethernet
switch and the PC.
3.
Confirm that the PC IP settings are correct for the 4-port Ethernet
switch:
Page 50
IP address
subnet mask
4.
Confirm that Java is installed on the PC.
Page 49
5.
Start the web browser, and log into the terminal.
Page 60
6.
Set or confirm the RF characteristics:
Page 69
TX and RX frequencies
Modulation type
TX output power
7.
Compare the actual RSSI to the expected RSSI value (from your path
planning).
8.
Fine-align the antennas.
9.
Confirm that the terminal clock sources are set correctly.
10.
Confirm that the TX and RX LEDs are green. Disregard the OK LED status
for now.
Page 201
Aprisa XE User Manual
Page 73
Getting Started | 17
Phase 4: Configuring the traffic
1.
Confirm that the interface hardware and software slot configurations
match.
2.
Confirm the interface card settings.
3.
Open the Cross Connections application and configure the cross
connections:
Page 92
Page 146
Download the configuration.
Confirm or modify the traffic cross connections.
Save the configuration to the terminal.
Activate the configuration.
4.
Save the configuration to disk and close the Cross Connections
application.
5.
Connect the connection of interface cables.
6.
Confirm or adjust the terminal clocking for network synchronization, if
required.
7.
Test that the traffic is passing over the link as configured.
8.
Confirm or configure the external alarm settings in SuperVisor.
9.
Setup an external alarm connection cable, if required.
10.
Reset any alarms and error counters.
11.
Perform traffic pre-commissioning tests (optional)
12.
Complete the commissioning form (at the back of the manual) and file.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Page 155
Page 81
Page 244
Page 327
Introduction | 19
2.
Introduction
About This Manual
What It Covers
This user manual describes how to install and configure Aprisa XE fixed point-to-point digital radio links.
It specifically documents an Aprisa XE terminal running system software version 8.6.77.
It is recommended that you read the relevant sections of this manual before installing or operating the
terminal.
Who Should Read It
This manual has been written for professional field technicians and engineers who have an appropriate
level of education and experience.
Contact Us
If you experience any difficulty installing or using Aprisa XE after reading this manual, please contact
Customer Support or your local 4RF representative.
Our area representative contact details are available from our website:
4RF Limited
26 Glover Street, Ngauranga
PO Box 13-506
Wellington 6032
New Zealand
E-mail
support@4rf.com
Web site
www.4rf.com
Telephone
+64 4 499 6000
Facsimile
+64 4 473 4447
Attention
Customer Services
What's in the Box
Inside the box you will find:
Aprisa XE terminal
Accessory kit
Aprisa CD
Aprisa XE Quick Start Guide
Commissioning Form
Configuration sheet
Aprisa XE User Manual
20 | Introduction
Aprisa XE CD Contents
The Aprisa XE CD contains the following:
Software
The latest version of the terminal software (see ‘Terminal Upgrades’ on page 214)
The Cross Connections application - required if you want to use the Cross Connections application
offline (see ‘Installing Cross Connections application’ on page 146).
Java VM - Java plug-in needed to run the Supervisor software.
Web browsers - Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer are included for your convenience.
Adobe™ Acrobat® Reader® which you need to view the PDF files on the Aprisa CD.
Documentation
User manual — an electronic (PDF) version for you to view online or print.
Product collateral — application overviews, product description, quick start guide, case studies,
software release notes and white papers.
Tools
Surveyor - a path propagation calculator developed by 4RF (see ‘Path planning’ on page 23).
XEpower – a power consumption model program.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Introduction | 21
Accessory Kit
The accessory kit contains the following items:
Two mounting brackets and screws
Two interface slot blanking plates
Setup cable (RJ-45 to RJ-45) 2 m
and RS-232 DB9 female adaptor
Hardware kit
(includes Allen key for fascia screws)
Aprisa XE User Manual
22 | Introduction
Alarm cable (RJ-45 to RJ-45) 5 m
Ground cable 5 m
DC power cable 3 m
(for use with the ±48 VDC, ±24 and
12 VDC low power power supplies)
AC power cable 2 m
(for use with the 110 / 230 VAC
power supply)
Aprisa XE User Manual
Preparation | 23
3.
Preparation
Path Planning
Proper path planning is essential. When considering the components of your radio system, think about:
antenna selection and siting
coaxial cable selection
link budget
You can also use Surveyor to help you with path feasibility planning.
Surveyor is a path propagation calculator developed by 4RF to assist path planners quickly and efficiently
verify the viability of point-to-point transmission links deploying the Aprisa microwave radio systems.
The software program calculates the anticipated link performance for the transmission system elements
you have selected. However, it is not a substitute for in-depth path planning.
You will find Surveyor a valuable addition to your planning toolbox.
A copy of Surveyor is provided on the Aprisa CD supplied with this manual. You can download updates from
www.4rf.com.
Antenna Selection and Siting
Selecting and siting antennas are important considerations in your system design.
There are three main types of directional antenna that are commonly used with the radios parabolic grid,
Yagi and corner reflector antennas.
The antenna that should be used for a particular situation is determined primarily by the frequency of
operation and the gain required to establish a reliable link.
Parabolic Grid Antennas
Factor
Explanation
Frequency
Often used in 1350-2700 MHz bands
Gain
Varies with size (17 dBi to 30 dBi
typical)
Wind loading
Can be significant
Tower aperture required
Can be significant
Size
Range from 0.6 m to 3 m diameter
Front to back ratio
Good
Cost
High
Aprisa XE User Manual
24 | Preparation
Yagi Antennas
Factor
Explanation
Frequency
Often used in 330-960 MHz bands
Gain
Varies with size (typically 11 dBi to 16
dBi)
Stackable gain increase
2 Yagi antennas (+ 2.8 dB)
4 Yagi antennas (+ 5.6 dB)
Wind loading
Less than a parabolic grid antenna
Tower aperture required
Unstacked: Less than a parabolic grid
antenna
Stacked: about the same as a
parabolic grid antenna
Size
Range from 0.6 m to 3 m in length
Front to back ratio
Low
Cost
Low
It is possible to increase the gain of a Yagi antenna installation by placing two or more of them in a stack.
The relative position of the antennas is critical.
Example of stacked antennas
Aprisa XE User Manual
Preparation | 25
Corner Reflector Antennas
Factor
Explanation
Frequency
Often used in 330-960 MHz bands
Gain
Typically 10 dBd
Wind loading
Less than a parabolic grid antenna
Tower aperture required
About the same as a parabolic grid
antenna
Size
Range from 0.36 m to 0.75 m in length
Front to back ratio
High (typically 30 dB)
Beamwidth
Broad (up to 60°)
Cost
Medium
Antenna Siting
When siting antennas, consider the following points:
A site with a clear line of sight to the remote terminal is needed. Pay particular attention to trees,
buildings, and other obstructions close to the antenna site.
Example of a clear line-of-sight path
Any large flat areas that reflect RF energy along the link path, for instance, water, could cause
multipath fading. If the link path crosses a feature that is likely to cause RF reflections, shield the
antenna from the reflected signals by positioning it on the far side of the roof of the equipment
shelter or other structure.
Example of a mid-path reflection path
The antenna site should be as far as possible from other potential sources of RF interference such as
electrical equipment, power lines and roads.
The antenna site should be as close as possible to the equipment shelter.
Note: Wide angle and zoom photographs taken at the proposed antenna location (looking down the
proposed path), can be useful when considering the best mounting positions.
Aprisa XE User Manual
26 | Preparation
Coaxial Feeder Cables
To ensure maximum performance, it is recommended that you use good quality low-loss coaxial cable for
all feeder runs. For installations requiring long antenna cable runs, use Andrew Heliax™ or equivalent.
When using large diameter feeders, use a short flexible jumper cable between the feeder and the
terminal to reduce stress on the antenna port connector.
All coaxial cable has loss, that is, the RF energy traveling through it is attenuated. Generally speaking, the
larger the diameter of the cable, the less the loss. When selecting a coaxial cable consider the following:
Factor
Effect
Attenuation
Short cables and larger diameter cables have less attenuation
Cost
Smaller diameter cables are cheaper
Ease of installation
Easier with smaller diameter cables or short cables
When running cables:
Run coaxial cable from the installation to the antenna, ensuring you leave enough extra cable at each
end to allow drip loops to be formed.
For 19-inch rack mount installations, cables may be run from the front of the rack directly onto the
antenna port. They may also be run through the back of the rack to the front.
Terminate and earth or ground the cables in accordance with the manufacturers' instructions. Bond
the outer conductor of the coaxial feeder cables to the base of the tower mast.
Link Budget
All of the above factors (and many others not mentioned) combine in any proposed installation to create a
link budget. The link budget predicts how well the radio link will perform after it is installed.
Use the outputs of the link budget during commissioning testing to confirm the link has been installed
correctly, and that it will provide reliable service.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Preparation | 27
Site Requirements
Power Supply
Ensure that the correct power supply is available for powering the terminal.
The nominal input voltage for a terminal is 12, 24 or 48 volts DC or 115 / 230 volts AC rms.
The DC supply voltage is factory preset at time of order and cannot be adjusted in the field.
The terminal voltage is indicated on the chassis label by the DC input connector and on the specification
label fitted to the terminal.
WARNING:
Before connecting power, ground the chassis using the safety earth terminal on the
front panel.
Equipment Cooling
Mount the terminal so that air can flow through it. Do not obstruct the free flow of air around the
terminal. The two internal, speed-controlled fans fitted into the chassis provide sufficient cooling.
The operation of the fans is monitored and an alarm is raised under failure conditions.
The environmental operating conditions are as follows:
Operating temperature
-10°C to +50°C
Storage temperature
-20°C to +70°C
Humidity
Maximum 95% non-condensing
Aprisa XE User Manual
28 | Preparation
Earthing and Lightning Protection
WARNING:
Lightning can easily damage electronic equipment.
To avoid this risk, install primary lightning protection devices on any interfaces that
are reticulated in the local cable network.
You should also install a coaxial surge suppressor on the antenna port of the duplexer.
Earth the antenna tower, feeders and lightning protection devices in accordance with the appropriate
local and national standards. The diagram below shows the minimum requirements.
Use grounding kits as specified or supplied by the coaxial cable manufacturer to properly ground or bond
the cable outer.
Aprisa XE User Manual
About the Terminal | 29
4.
About the Terminal
Introduction
The terminals operate in a number of frequency bands from 300 MHz up to 2.7 GHz carrying ethernet,
voice and data traffic over distances up to 100 kilometres.
They are designed to meet the demands of a wide range of low to medium capacity access and backhaul
applications.
The digital access terminal is a compact, powerful point-to-point linking solution with up to 64 Mbit/s of
radio link capacity, and customer-configurable interface options integrated within the radio platform.
Aprisa XE User Manual
30 | About the Terminal
Modules
The terminal is modular in design, which helps reduce mean time to repair (MTTR). It is designed for 19inch rack mounting and is only 2U high for standard configurations.
The five main modules housed inside the chassis are the transceiver, modem, motherboard, power supply,
and duplexer. Interface cards are fitted into the eight interface slots on the motherboard. Modules are
interconnected via several buses on the motherboard. A duplexer can be mounted inside or outside the
chassis.
The interrelationships between the components are shown below:
Aprisa XE User Manual
About the Terminal | 31
Front Panel Connections and Indicators
All connections to the terminal are made on the front panel of the terminal.
No.
Label
Description
AC or DC power input
DC and AC power supplies are available (AC is shown)
Safety earth stud
An M5 stud for connection to an external protection ground for
protection against electric shock in case of a fault.
Antenna connector
N-type 50Ω female connector for connection of antenna feeder
cable.
Interface slots A to H
Eight interface slots on the motherboard to fit interface cards.
ETHERNET
Integrated four-port layer 2 switch.
SETUP
RJ-45 serial connection to PC for initial configuration.
ALARM
RJ-45 connector for two external alarm input and four external
alarm output connections.
LED indicators
OK
Indicates normal operation and minor and major alarm
conditions.
RX
Indicates status of receive path including normal operation and
alarms such as BER, RSSI and loss of synchronization.
TX
Indicates status of transmit path including normal operation
and alarms such as forward / reverse power and temperature.
ON
Blue LED indicates that there is power to the terminal.
RSSI
RSSI test point suitable for 2 mm diameter multimeter test
lead pin.
Aprisa XE User Manual
32 | About the Terminal
Interface Card Types
Each terminal has eight interface slots labeled A to H. Each slot can be fitted with any interface card
type. Typically, the terminal is delivered pre-configured with the requested interface cards.
The following interface card types are currently available:
Name
Interface card type
Function
QJET
Quad E1/T1 interface card
Four E1 / T1 interfaces (Framed or Unframed).
Q4EM
Quad 4 wire E&M interface card
Four 4 wire E&M voice channels
DFXS
Dual 2 wire FXS interface card
Two 2 wire loop signalling foreign exchange
subscriber (POTS) channels
DFXO
Dual 2 wire FXO interface card
Two 2 wire loop signalling foreign exchange office
channels
HSS
High-Speed Synchronous
interface card
A single high speed serial data channel configured
as synchronous V.24, V.35, X.21, V.36 / RS-449,
or RS-530.
QV24
Quad V.24 serial interface card
Four V.24 / RS-232 serial data channels
Synchronous and asynchronous
Aprisa XE User Manual
Mounting and Installing the Terminal | 33
5.
Mounting and Installing the Terminal
This section covers installing the hardware associated with the terminal. Before you begin a terminal
installation, read this section thoroughly.
CAUTION:
You must comply with the safety precautions in this manual or on the product itself.
4RF Limited does not assume any liability for failure to comply with these
precautions.
Required Tools
No special tools are needed to install the terminal other than those required to physically mount the
terminal into the rack.
Installing the Terminal
The terminal is designed for 19-inch rack mounting and is supplied with rack mounting brackets. The rack
brackets can be front, mid, or rear mounted (as shown below) to suit individual installation requirements.
Once the rack brackets are attached, carefully lift the terminal into position in the rack, and fasten with
screws and washers.
Aprisa XE User Manual
34 | Mounting and Installing the Terminal
Installing the Antenna and Feeder Cable
Carefully mount the antenna following the antenna manufacturers' instructions. Run feeder cable from the
antenna to the terminal mounting location.
Lightning protection must be incorporated into the antenna system. For more information, please contact
Customer Support.
WARNING:
When the link is operating, there is RF energy radiated from the antenna.
Do not stand in front of or touch the antenna while the terminal is operating.
1. Fit the appropriate male or female N-type connector to the antenna feeder at the antenna end.
Carefully follow the connector manufacturers' instructions.
2. Securely attach the feeder cable to the mast and cable trays using cable ties or cable hangers. Follow
the cable manufacturer's recommendations about the use of feeder clips, and their recommended
spacing.
3. Connect the antenna and feeder cable. Ensure the N-type connector is tight. Weatherproof the
connection with a boot, tape, or other approved method.
4. Fit the appropriate N-type male connector to the antenna feeder at the terminal end (the terminal is
N-type female). Carefully follow the connector manufacturer's instructions.
5. Connect the feeder cable to the antenna port on the terminal. Use a jumper cable, if needed. Ensure
the N-type connector is tight.
6. Connect a coaxial surge suppressor or similar lightning protector between the feeder and jumper
cables (or at the point where the cable enters the equipment shelter).
Earth the case of the lightning protector to the site Lightning Protection Earth. Also earth the terminal
M5 earth stud to a protection earth.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Mounting and Installing the Terminal | 35
External Alarms
Two external alarm inputs and four external alarm outputs are provided on the RJ-45 ALARM connector on
the front panel. These enable an internal alarm to provide an external alarm to the network operator's
existing network management system via contact closure or opening, or for an external alarm to be
transported via the radio link.
The latency for an alarm presented on an external alarm input to the alarm being output on an external
alarm output is < 2 seconds.
Alarm outputs are isolated semiconductor relay type contacts rated 0 to 60 VDC or AC rms with a
maximum current of 100 mA.
Alarm inputs are isolated current detectors with an operating voltage range of 9 to 60 VDC or AC rms
(effective current threshold of 5.0 to 6.5 mA constant current).
The common reference potential for the two external alarm inputs must be applied to pin 3 and the
common reference potential for the four external alarm outputs must be applied to pin 4.
Alarm Circuit Setup
A typical alarm circuit setup is:
An external battery applied to the ‘common alarm inputs reference’ and a normally open relay
contact connected to the alarm input. Closing the contact applies the source to the alarm input
detector which turns the alarm on (setup for ‘alarm on when source on’). See ‘Configuring the
External Alarm Inputs’ on page 81 for the setup options.
An external earth applied to the ‘common alarm outputs reference’ and a ground contact detector
connected to the alarm output. When the alarm is on (active), the external alarm output relay contact
closes (setup for ‘relay closed when alarm on’). See ‘Configuring the External Alarm Outputs’ on page
83 for the setup options.
The terminal front panel RJ-45 ALARM connections are:
RJ-45 pin
Connection description
TIA-568A wire colour
External alarm input 1
green / white
External alarm input 2
green
Common reference for alarm inputs 1 to 2
orange / white
Common reference for alarm outputs 1 to 4
blue
External alarm output 1
blue / white
External alarm output 2
orange
External alarm output 3
brown / white
External alarm output 4
brown
Aprisa XE User Manual
36 | Mounting and Installing the Terminal
Interface Cabling
All interface cabling connections are made with RJ-45 male connectors which plug into the front of the
interface cards (see ‘Interface Connections’ on page 257).
QJET Q4EM DFXO and DFXS
The cabling to the QJET, Q4EM, DFXO and DFXS interface cards must have a minimum conductor size of
0.4 mm2 (26 AWG).
Ethernet
Standard Ethernet network cables are used for all Ethernet port cabling.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Mounting and Installing the Terminal | 37
Power Supplies
US and Canada: Installations should be in accordance with US National Electrical Code ANSI / NFPA 70,
and Canadian Electrical Code, Part 1 C22.1.
WARNING:
Do not apply power to the terminal until you have completed installing the interface
cards and connecting the antenna.
Before disconnecting the safety earth during maintenance, remove AC or DC power
supply connections, antenna cable and all interface cables from the terminal.
DC Power Supply
There are four DC power supply options for the terminal; 12 VDC, 12 VDC Low Power, 24 VDC and 48 VDC.
The DC inputs are polarity critical so the DC voltage must be applied with the correct polarity.
Nominal voltage
Input voltage
range
Maximum Power
input
Maximum input
current
Recommended
DC breaker
rating
+12 VDC LP
10.5 to 18 VDC
53 W
5A
8A
±12 VDC
10.5 to 18 VDC
180 W
18 A
25 A
±24 VDC
20.5 to 30 VDC
180 W
8A
10 A
±48 VDC
40 to 60 VDC
180 W
4A
5A
CAUTION: An all-pole switch or DC circuit breaker of the rating shown in the table above must be fitted
between the terminal DC input and the DC power source.
Each terminal or MHSB terminal should have its own separate fuse or DC circuit breaker.
12 VDC / 24 VDC / 48 VDC Power Supply
The power supply DC input is isolated from ground, so the DC power input can be either positive grounded
or negative grounded. The positive or negative terminal should be connected to ground.
12 VDC LP Power Supply
The 12 VDC Low Power is a high efficiency power supply for low power consumption applications up to a
maximum of 53 watts input power (see ‘Power Consumption’ on page 312).
The DC input on this power supply is not isolated from ground as the negative input is internally connected
to ground via the Aprisa XE chassis. The DC power input for this power supply must be a positive 12 V
supply with the negative grounded.
Aprisa XE User Manual
38 | Mounting and Installing the Terminal
DC Power Input Cabling
The DC power input is terminated on the front panel of the terminal with two high-current M3 screw
clamps for the positive and negative DC input and a M5 stud for the earth connection.
The DC power cables have pre-terminated lugs to fit into the power input M3 screw clamps on one end and
bare wire at the other end.
The appropriate power cable for the power supply ordered is included in the accessory kit.
12 VDC LP / 24 VDC / 48 VDC Cable
The 12 VDC LP, 24 VDC and 48 VDC power supplies are supplied with a 3 metre red / black cable of
2.0 mm2 (23 strands of 0.32 mm2).
Terminal
Power input
Cable colour
+V
Positive DC input
Red
-V
Negative DC input
Black
Aprisa XE User Manual
Mounting and Installing the Terminal | 39
12 VDC Cable
The 12 VDC power supply is supplied with a 3 metre red/black cable of two pairs of 2.3 mm2 (72 strands of
0.2 mm2) making a total of 4.6 mm2 per connection. This increase in wire size is to carry the increased
current consumption of the 12 VDC supply (max 18 Amps per terminal).
This 3 metre cable is engineered to power a fully loaded terminal from a 12 VDC supply. A longer cable
should not be used as the additional voltage drop could cause the power supply to fail.
If longer cable runs are required between the 12 VDC power supply and the terminal, it is suggested that
high current distribution bus bars are used to feed the rack and the supplied power cable used between
the bus bars and the terminals.
Terminal
Power input
Cable colour
+V
Positive DC input
Red
-V
Negative DC input
Black
1. Fit both pairs of lugs into the terminal screw
clamps.
2. Twist the other ends together when fitting
to the source.
Aprisa XE User Manual
40 | Mounting and Installing the Terminal
AC Power Supply
There is one AC power supply for the terminal. This AC power supply is auto-sensing to operate with a
nominal input voltage of 115 Vrms or 230 Vrms.
The power input is terminated on the front panel of the terminal using a standard IEC plug. This power
supply has a power on/off switch.
A power cable is included in the accessory kit and is pre-fitted with an IEC socket connector and the
country-specific plug that was specified when the order was placed.
Nominal
voltage
Input voltage
range
Maximum Power
input
Max VA
Frequency
115 VAC
103 - 127 Vrms
180 W
400 VA
47 - 63 Hz
230 VAC
207 - 254 Vrms
180 W
400 VA
47 - 63 Hz
Terminal
Power input
Cable colour
Earth
Green/yellow
Neutral
Blue
Line / Phase
Brown
Important: Please check with your local power authority about correct colour usage and pinouts.
AC power cords used must be in accordance with national requirements.
Norway and Sweden: PLUGGABLE CLASS I EQUIPMENT intended for connection to a telephone network or
similar communications system requires a label stating that the equipment must be connected to an
earthed mains socket outlet.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Mounting and Installing the Terminal | 41
Brownout Recovery Module
A Brownout Recovery Module (BRM) is factory fitted to the Aprisa XE motherboard power connector when
the radio is fitted with an AC power supply.
The AC power supply has a safety mechanism that trips the power if it detects a power input brownout.
The BRM restarts the power supply after 3 seconds.
Aprisa XE User Manual
42 | Mounting and Installing the Terminal
Safety Earth
The terminal chassis must have a protection / safety earth connected between the terminal earth stud
and a common protection earth in the rack. The DC power input can be either positive grounded or
negative grounded depending on the power supply system available.
Ground the terminal chassis using the terminal earth stud on the front panel as shown:
Aprisa XE User Manual
Mounting and Installing the Terminal | 43
Bench Setup
Before installing the link in the field, it is recommended that you bench-test the link. A suggested setup
for basic bench testing is shown below:
When setting up the equipment for bench testing, note the following:
Earthing—the terminal should be earthed at all times. The terminal earth stud must be connected to a
protection earth.
Attenuators— In a bench setup, there must be 60 - 80 dB at up to 3 GHz of 50 ohm coaxial attenuation
(capable of handling the transmit power of +35dBm) between the terminals’ N type antenna
connectors.
This can be achieved with two fixed attenuators fitted to the antennas 'N' connectors and a variable
attenuator with a ≥ 60 dB range. You can use other attenuator values as long as you consider the
transmit power output level (max +33 dBm) and the receiver signal input (max -20 dBm).
Cables—use double-screened coaxial cable that is suitable for use up to 3 GHz at ≈ 1 metre.
CAUTION: Do not apply signals greater than -20 dBm to the antenna connection as they can damage the
receiver.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Connecting to the Terminal | 45
6.
Connecting to the Terminal
Connecting to the Terminal's Setup Port
You can configure basic terminal settings by connecting to the terminal using the Setup cable. This can be
useful if you need to confirm the terminal's IP address, for example.
You can password-protect the setup menu to prevent unauthorized users from modifying terminal settings.
A straight RJ-45 connection cable and a RJ-45 to DB-9 adapter is provided with each terminal.
1. Plug the DB-9 into serial port of the PC.
2. Plug the RJ-45 connection cable into the adaptor as shown below:
3. Plug the other end of the RJ-45 connection cable into the SETUP port of the terminal.
Note: Connecting the PC serial port to the Interface Cards or ALARM connectors may result in damage
to the PC or terminal.
Ensure that the RJ-45 connection cable is connected to the RJ-45 connector marked 'SETUP'.
Cable pinouts (RJ-45 to DB-9)
If you need a conversion connector or cable, refer to the following table:
Console port
(DCE, RJ-45)
Signal
RJ-45 to RJ-45 cable
RJ-45 to DB-9 adaptor
PC port
(DTE, DB-9)
RJ-45 pin
RJ-45 pin
RJ-45 pin
DB-9 pin
Signal
RTS
RTS
DTR
DTR
TXD
TXD
GND
GND
GND
NC
NC
RXD
RXD
DSR
DSR
CTS
CTS
Aprisa XE User Manual
46 | Connecting to the Terminal
Configure the PC COM Port Settings
Terminal emulation software e.g. HyperTerminal is used to setup the basic configuration of a terminal.
The PC's COM port settings must be setup as follows:
Bits per second
115200
Data bits
Parity
None
Stop bits
Flow Control
None
Start a HyperTerminal Session
1. On the PC, select Start > Programs > Accessories > Communications > HyperTerminal.
2. Enter a name for the connection and click OK.
3. Select the designated COM Port from the Connect Using drop-down box. Ensure it is the same COM
port that you configured earlier on your PC. Click OK.
Note: The Country/region, Area code, and Phone number information will appear automatically.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Connecting to the Terminal | 47
4. Set the COM Port settings as follows:
5. When you have completed the settings, click OK, which will open the HyperTerminal window.
6. Apply power to the terminal.
Note: If power was applied to the terminal before launching HyperTerminal, hit the Enter key to
initiate the link.
When the terminal has completed startup, you will be presented with the Setup menu:
Aprisa XE User Manual
48 | Connecting to the Terminal
Connecting to the Terminal's Ethernet Interface
The main access to a terminal for management is with the ethernet interface using standard IP
networking. There should be only one ethernet connection from the terminal to the management network.
The terminals are pre-configured to use IP addressing in one of the common 'non-routable' IP address
ranges. This means the terminals are usually recognized by your operating system without any
reconfiguration.
However, you should change these default addresses (see ‘Changing the Terminal’s IP Address’ on page
64) to comply with your IP addressing scheme.
In the example below, the active management PC must only have one connection to the link as shown by
path . There should not be any alternate path that the active management PC can use via an alternate
router or alternate LAN that would allow the management traffic to be looped as shown by path .
Aprisa XE User Manual
Connecting to the Terminal | 49
PC Requirements for SuperVisor
SuperVisor requires the following minimum PC requirements:
Microsoft Windows 2000, NT, XP, Vista or Windows 7
Personal computer with 1.6 GHz Pentium IV
512 MB of RAM
200 MB of free hard disk space
Ethernet interface (Local Area Network)
COM port
Web browser with a Java plug-in such as Mozilla FireFox (recommended), Microsoft Internet
Explorer 5.0, or Netscape Navigator 6.0, but SuperVisor also supports other major web browsers.
Java JRE 1.6.
Note: Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer and the Java JRE are provided on the Aprisa CD (see ‘Aprisa XE CD
Contents’ on page 20).
Aprisa XE User Manual
50 | Connecting to the Terminal
PC Settings for SuperVisor
To change the PC IP address:
If your PC has previously been used for other applications, you may need to change the IP address and the
subnet mask settings. You will require Administrator rights on your PC to change these.
Windows XP example: Configure IP settings
1. Open the 'Control Panel'.
2. Open 'Network Connections' and right click on the 'Local Area Connection' and select 'Properties'.
3. Click on the 'General' tab.
4. Click on 'Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)' and click on properties.
5. Enter the IP address and the subnet mask (example as shown).
6. Click 'OK' then close the Control Panel.
If the terminal is on a different subnet from the network the PC is on, set the PC default gateway address
to the network gateway address which is the address of the router used to connect the subnets (for
details, consult your network administrator).
Aprisa XE User Manual
Connecting to the Terminal | 51
To change the PC connection type:
If your PC has previously been used with Dial-up connections, you may need to change your PC Internet
Connection setting to 'Never dial a connection'.
Windows XP example: Configure Windows to Never Dial a Connection
1. Open the 'Control Panel'.
2. Open 'Internet Options' and click on the 'Connections' tab.
3. Click the 'Never dial a connection' option.
4. Click 'OK' then close the Control Panel.
Aprisa XE User Manual
52 | Connecting to the Terminal
To change the PC pop-up status:
Some functions within SuperVisor require Pop-ups enabled e.g. saving a MIB
Windows XP example: Configure explorer to enable Pop-ups
1. Open the 'Control Panel'.
2. Open 'Internet Options' and click on the 'Privacy' tab.
3. Click on 'Settings'.
4. Set the 'Address of Web site to allow' to the terminal address or set the 'Filter Level' to 'Low: Allow
Pop-ups from secure sites' and close the window.
5. Click 'OK' then close the Control Panel.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Connecting to the Terminal | 53
IP Addressing of Terminals
When logging into a link, it is important to understand the relationship between the Local / Remote and
the Near end / Far end terminals.
The Near end terminal is the terminal that has its ethernet port physically connected to your IP network.
The Far end terminal is the terminal that is at the other end of the link from the Near end terminal and
communicates through the management connection over the radio link to the Near end terminal.
The Local terminal is the terminal that SuperVisor is logged into and is displayed on the left hand side of
the SuperVisor screen. The Local terminal can be the Near end or Far end terminal.
The Remote terminal is the terminal that is at the other end of the link from the Local terminal and is
displayed on the right hand side of the SuperVisor screen.
To prevent confusion when operating SuperVisor, determine the IP address of the Near end terminal and
log into that terminal. This is now the Local terminal.
The distinction is important as:
Some functions can only be carried out on the Local terminal.
Having different configurations at each end of the link will disrupt communications between the
terminals. In these circumstances it is important to make changes to the Far end terminal of the link
first. The link is then lost only until the near end configuration is completed and communication
restored.
If the Near end terminal is modified first, the link is lost for much longer as staff will have to either
physically visit the Far end terminal to restore the link, or restore the near end to match the far end,
re-establish the link, then start the process again, this time with the Far end terminal first.
Aprisa XE User Manual
54 | Connecting to the Terminal
Network IP Addressing
Same Subnet as the Local PC
The following diagram shows a link interconnected on the same subnet as the local PC terminal used for
configuration.
In this example, the local PC, as well as the local and remote terminals, are on the same subnet and
therefore have the same subnet mask 255.255.255.0.
This will allow the PC and the terminals to communicate with each other.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Connecting to the Terminal | 55
Different Subnet as the Local PC
The following diagram shows a link interconnected on a different subnet as the local PC used for
configuration, and communicating through a network. This can be achieved on the condition that network
router(s) 1 and 2 are programmed to recognize each other and the various subnets on the overall network.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Managing the Terminal | 57
7.
Managing the Terminal
The command line setup menu can be used to:
Provide basic access to the terminal to set IP addresses
Check or set basic settings of the terminal
4RF SuperVisor is an embedded element manager for the Aprisa XE terminal which is used to:
Configure radio and interface parameters
Setup cross connections between traffic interfaces
Monitor performance, terminal status and alarm details
The Setup Menu
1. Initiate the link by either applying power to the terminals or, if the terminals are already powered up,
pressing the Enter key.
2. At the prompt, enter your selection:
Selection
Explanation
1)
Dump terminal
configuration
This shows basic terminal data such as Terminal ID, IP data
and radio parameters of TX and RX frequency, TX power,
modulation type and channel size.
2)
Not used
3)
Configure IP addresses
Use this if you want to set the IP address, subnet mask or
gateway address of the local terminal.
4)
Configure SNMP
Use to display SNMP settings, setup the SNMP Access Controls
and Trap Destinations and reset SNMP settings to defaults.
5)
Set hostname
Use this to set a name that can be used in conjunction with
DNS.
6)
Configure remote
terminal address
Use this to set the IP address of the remote terminal.
7)
Reset web server users
Deletes all existing usernames and passwords in the ‘User
Table’ and restores default usernames and passwords.
8)
Not used
9)
Reboot
Reboots the terminal.
10)
Configure Ethernet
Use this to display the Ethernet configuration and reset the
Ethernet settings to the defaults.
11)
Password Protect Menu
Use this to password-protect the menu to prevent
unauthorized users from modifying terminal settings.
The password is setupxe.
Aprisa XE User Manual
58 | Managing the Terminal
To Get or Set the IP Address of a Terminal Using Setup
To get the IP address of a terminal using setup:
1. At the prompt, type 1 and enter.
The following information appears:
the IP addresses of the local and remote terminals
the subnet mask and gateway of the local terminal
the TFTP of the remote terminal
To set the IP address of a terminal using setup:
1. At the prompt, enter 1.
2. Enter 3 to configure the local terminal IP address.
Set the following for the terminal using the standard format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:
1) IP address
2) Subnet mask
3) Gateway address
3. Enter 4 (Quit) to return to the main menu.
4. Enter 6 to configure the remote terminal IP address.
Important: You must ensure that the IP addresses of the local and remote terminals are on the same
subnet as the PC being used to configure the terminals.
5. Enter 4 (Quit) to return to the main menu.
6. Enter 9 (Are you sure y/n) to reboot the terminal.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Managing the Terminal | 59
SuperVisor
The SuperVisor management software is pre-loaded into an integrated web-server within the terminal.
SuperVisor runs on any Java-enabled web browser.
You can use SuperVisor to:
display and configure terminal parameters
view the terminal alarms
monitor the performance and status of the link
upgrade the terminal software
save and load configuration files
save performance and error information to a log file
Aprisa XE User Manual
60 | Managing the Terminal
SuperVisor Logging In
The maximum number of concurrent users that can be logged into a terminal is 5.
If SuperVisor is inactive for a period of 30 minutes, the terminal will automatically log out the user.
To log in to SuperVisor:
1. Open your web browser and enter the IP address of the terminal.
Note: If you haven't yet assigned IP addresses to the terminals, use the factory-configured IP addresses
(see ‘Changing the Terminal’s IP Address’ on page 64).
If you don't know the IP address of the terminal, you can determine it using terminal emulation
software (see ‘To Get or Set the IP Address of a Terminal Using Setup’ on page 58).
2. Login with the user name and password assigned to you.
Note: If unique user names and passwords have not yet been configured, use the default user names
and passwords (see ‘Setting up users’ on page 65).
Important: After you login for the very first time, it is recommended that you change the default
admin password for security reasons (see ‘Changing passwords’ on page 67).
3. Tick the ‘Use Popup Window’ tick box if you want a separate browser window to launch after you have
logged in. The login page remains open in one window allowing you to view or configure settings in
another page. This is useful if you have more than one link to configure, for example, protected
terminals.
4. When you have logged in, the Summary page shows a summary of both the Local and Remote
terminals’ parameters.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Managing the Terminal | 61
SuperVisor Logging Out
As the maximum number of concurrent users that can be logged into a terminal is 5, not logging out
correctly can restrict access to the terminal until the after the timeout period (30 minutes).
Logging out from a terminal will logout all users logged in with the same user name.
If the SuperVisor window is closed without logging out, the terminal will automatically log the user out
after a timeout period of 30 minutes.
To log out of SuperVisor:
1. Click on the ‘Logout’ button on the Summary Bar.
Aprisa XE User Manual
62 | Managing the Terminal
SuperVisor Main Screen
The SuperVisor Main Screen presents a summary of both the local and remote terminals and the status of
the terminal front panel LED indicators:
Aprisa XE User Manual
Managing the Terminal | 63
SuperVisor Menu Bar
The SuperVisor Menu Bar at the top of the screen shows the names of the terminals, the top level menus
and three status indicators for both the local and remote terminals. These indicators reflect the status
LED indicators on the front panel of terminal.
There are four menus available:
Link - menu options for both terminals in a link
Local - menu options for the local terminal in a link
Remote - menu options for the remote terminal in a link
Help - provides details about the terminal
SuperVisor Summary Bar
The SuperVisor Summary Bar at the bottom of the screen shows:
The login name of the person currently logged in together with the name of the local terminal and
its IP address.
A login alarm that indicating that someone else has logged into and could be working on the same
link. The LED is green for 1 user and yellow for more than 1 user.
The number of users logged in to the link
A SuperVisor logout button
Aprisa XE User Manual
64 | Managing the Terminal
Changing the Terminal’s IP Address
You can use SuperVisor to change the IP address of the terminal from the default. Alternatively, you can
assign the IP address using the SETUP port (see ‘To Get or Set the IP Address of a Terminal Using Setup’ on
page 58).
To change the IP address of the terminals using SuperVisor:
1. Launch your web browser and connect to the terminal using the one of the factory-configured default
IP addresses shown below:
Unprotected terminals
Protected terminals
Terminal
IP address
Terminal 1 (local)
169.254.50.10
Terminal 2 (remote)
169.254.50.20
Terminal 1, terminal A (local)
169.254.50.10
Terminal 1, terminal B (local)
169.254.50.11
Terminal 2, terminal A (remote)
169.254.50.20
Terminal 2, terminal B (remote)
169.254.50.21
Note: The factory default settings for the subnets is 255.255.0.0; the gateway is 0.0.0.0.
2. Log into the terminal as the administrator with the user name 'admin' and the password 'admin'.
Note: For security reasons, change the admin password (see ‘Changing passwords’ on page 67) as soon
as possible.
3. Select Link or Local or Remote > Terminal > Advanced and make the necessary changes.
Note: If this IP address change is being made over the RF link, it is important to change the far end of
the link first.
4. Once you have changed the IP address of a terminal, you must perform a hard reboot of the terminal
and then reconnect to it using the new IP address.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Managing the Terminal | 65
Setting Up Users
Note: You must login with 'admin' privileges to add, disable, delete a user or change a password.
User groups
There are three pre-defined user groups to allocate access rights to users. These user groups have
associated default user names and passwords of the same name.
User
Group
Default
User Name
Default
Password
Access Rights
View
view
view
Users in this group can only view terminal parameters.
Modify
modify
modify
Users in this group can view and edit terminal parameters.
Admin
admin
admin
Users in this group have full access to all terminal
parameters including the ability to add and change users.
Adding a User
1. Select Local or Remote > Maintenance > User Admin > User Table.
2. Select an empty line (that isn't allocated to an existing user) and then click Edit.
3. Enter the user name.
A user name can be up to 32 characters but cannot contain back slashes, forward slashes, spaces,
tabs, single or double quotes.
4. Enter the Password and the Confirm Password.
A password can be up to 32 characters but cannot contain back slashes, forward slashes, spaces, tabs,
single or double quotes.
5. Select the group that they will belong to (View, Modify, or Admin).
6. If the user requires immediate access, enable the user by clicking on Yes.
7. Click Apply.
Note 1: The new user must be setup on both the Local and Remote terminals.
Note 2: For the changes to take effect, you must reboot the terminal (Local > Maintenance > Reboot).
Aprisa XE User Manual
66 | Managing the Terminal
Disabling a User
1. Select Local or Remote > Maintenance > User Admin > User Table.
2. Select the user who you want to disable.
3. Click Edit to display the User details and set Enabled to 'No'.
4. When you have made your changes, click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous
configuration.
Note: For the changes to take effect, you must reboot the terminal (Local > Maintenance > Reboot).
Deleting a User
1. Select Local or Remote > Maintenance > User Admin > User Table.
2. Select the user you want to delete.
3. Click Edit to display the user details and delete the User Name and Password.
4. Reset the Group to 'View' and set Enabled to 'no'.
5. When you have made your changes, click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous
configuration.
Note: For the changes to take effect, you must reboot the terminal (Local > Maintenance > Reboot).
Saving User Information
You can save the list of users to your PC and then load this file to another terminal. This is useful if you
have multiple terminals to configure.
To save the user table to file:
1. Select Local > Maintenance > User Admin > Save User List.
2. Select the 'Save to disk' option in the dialog box that appears.
3. In the next dialog box that appears, navigate to the directory where you want to save the file, enter a
suitable filename, and then click Save (The default name for this file is 'downloadUsers').
Note: If this dialog box does not appear, change your Internet security settings to allow downloads.
You may also need to check your file download location setting.
To save the file to another terminal:
1. Select Local > Maintenance > User Admin > Load User List.
2. On the Upload Users page, select Browse and navigate to the file on your PC.
3. Click Apply.
The User Table appears and you can edit users, as required.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Managing the Terminal | 67
Changing Passwords
1. Select Local or Remote > Maintenance > User Admin > User Table.
2. Select the user whose password you want to change and click Edit.
3. Enter the new Password and the new Confirm Password.
A password can be up to 32 characters but cannot contain back slashes, forward slashes, spaces, tabs,
single or double quotes.
4. When you have made your changes, click Apply.
Viewing User Session Details
Administrators can check who is currently logged in, the computer they are logging in from, and how long
they have been logged in for.
Note: A 'session' is the period of time that begins when someone logs into the terminal and ends when
they logout.
To view user session details:
1. Select Local > Maintenance > User Admin > Session Details.
The 'Session Details' shows a list of the current users:
User Name: the User Name logged into the terminal.
Time: the number of minutes the user has been logged in.
Last Access: the number of minutes the user last accessed the terminal in this session.
Address: the address of the computer or proxy server address logged into the terminal.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 69
8.
Configuring the Terminal
Configuring the RF Settings
The RF settings are factory-configured before dispatch to the customer requirements. However, you can
change the RF settings, if required.
If two fundamental radio parameters (RX and TX frequency or modulation) are changed on the remote
terminal in the same apply action (simultaneously), the first parameter change could break the
communications link to the remote terminal and prevent the other commands from being actioned. There
is a two second delay between receiving the command and actioning it to allow for subsequent commands
to be received before the communications link is lost.
To configure RF settings:
Select Link or Local or Remote > Terminal > Basic:
Note: Transmit frequency, transmit power, channel size, modulation and antenna polarization would
normally be defined by a local regulatory body and licensed to a particular user.
Refer to your site license details when setting these fields.
Aprisa XE User Manual
70 | Configuring the Terminal
RX and TX Frequency
The local terminal transmit frequency must match the receive frequency of the remote terminal and the
remote terminal transmit frequency must match the receive frequency of the local terminal.
When setting the RX and TX frequency with SuperVisor, the frequency entered is automatically resolved to
the synthesizer step size for the terminal frequency band e.g. an ETSI 1400 MHz band frequency entry of
1474,010,000 Hz will be changed to 1474,012,500 Hz (see synthesizer step size in the table ‘Frequency
Bands’ on page 287).
The RX and TX frequency entered must be:
Within the frequency band limits of the chosen RF frequency band of the terminal as specified in
‘Frequency Bands’ on page 287. e.g. for an ETSI frequency band of 1400 MHz, the frequency band
limits are 1350 to 1550 MHz.
Within the TX / RX passband of the duplexer fitted in the terminal e.g. for a frequency band of
1400 MHz, the standard duplexer passband is 7 MHz and the TX / RX split is 48 MHz (see Duplexer
(bandpass) ‘Duplexers’ on page 301).
The duplexer passband and center frequencies are written on the duplexer label.
The TX and RX frequencies are validated against the duplexer parameters entered on SuperVisor Link or
Local or Remote > Terminal > Duplexer (see ‘Setting the Duplexer Parameters’ on page 79).
If the TX or RX frequency entered is not valid i.e. outside the operating range of the duplexer, a warning
message will popup. OK accepts the frequency entered and cancel rejects the frequency entered.
Important: Changing the remote terminal RX or TX frequency will disable all management communication
to the remote terminal but by changing the local terminal to match the remote terminal, the radio link
will be restored as will the management communication
BUT if the remote terminal RX or TX frequency is changed to be outside the operating range of the
terminal, changing the local terminal to match the remote terminal will not restore the radio link and all
management communication will be lost.
The remote terminal TX and RX frequencies cannot be changed simultaneously i.e. change one direction
and ‘Apply’ the change and then change the other direction and ‘Apply’ the change.
To change both TX and RX frequencies:
1. Change the remote terminal RX frequency and ‘Apply’ the change. The radio link will fail.
2. Change the local terminal TX frequency to that of the remote RX frequency and ‘Apply’ the change.
The radio link will restore.
3. Change the remote terminal TX frequency and ‘Apply’ the change. The radio link will fail.
4. Change the local terminal RX frequency to that of the remote TX frequency and ‘Apply’ the change.
The radio link will restore.
Transmit power
The transmitter power is the power measured at the duplexer output port.
The transmitter power adjustment range varies depending on the Modulation type and frequency band of
the terminal. For ETSI transmitter power range see ‘Transmitter Power ETSI’ on page 290.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 71
Channel size
The RF channel size is a factory-configured setting determined by the Aprisa XE hardware option.
Modulation
Both terminals must be set to the same modulation type.
When you change the modulation type in an operational terminal, traffic across the link will be
interrupted and you may need to change the cross connections capacity, as the Total Capacity of the radio
link may be exceeded.
Interleaver state
This Interleaver State displays the current state of the modem interleaver.
Interleaver State
Modem Interleaver Operation
Default
The modem interleaver is on for channel sizes of 250 kHz and greater
and off for channel sizes of 200 kHz and less.
Enabled
The modem interleaver is on.
Disabled
The modem interleaver is off.
Aprisa XE User Manual
72 | Configuring the Terminal
Modem Performance Settings
To view or change the modem performance settings:
Select Link or Local or Remote > Terminal > Modem
Modem QPSK Coding
When the Modulation type is set to QPSK, the default QPSK Coding setting is ‘Non-Gray Coded’ but the
QPSK Coding can use ‘Gray Coded’ for interoperability with older hardware.
Modem Interleaver Mode
The Modem Interleaver improves modem bit error rate but increases the end to end link delay so the
Modem Interleaver should be enabled where a low bit error rate is required and disabled where a low end
to end link delay is required.
The ‘Default’ Modem Interleaver Mode setting is on for channel sizes of 250 kHz and greater and off for
channel sizes of 200 kHz and less. The specification of end to end link delay for both interleaver on and
off is given in the relevant RF Specification section. For ETSI Link Delays, see ‘Link Delays ETSI’ on page
292.
When you change the Modem Interleaver Mode in an operational terminal, traffic across the link will be
interrupted.
Both terminals must be set to the same Modem Interleaver Mode.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 73
Modem Mute Mode
The Aprisa XE radio always mutes its interface ports when the modem loses lock.
The Modem Mute feature mutes its interface ports when the modem Reed Solomon forward error
correction capability can no longer correct errors.
This can occur when the signal strength of the RF link reduces to within about 2 dB of the theoretical
sensitivity of the radio or when the radio is operating well above the sensitivity threshold but is in an
environment subject to impulse noise interference on the RF path.
When the mute activates;
On the analog cards, Q4EM, DFXS and DFXO, the audio path mutes and the signalling states go
idle.
On the digital cards, QV24 and HSS, it causes an all ones data pattern to be driven on the RXD
output line and handshake lines such as RTS / CTS to their off states while on the QJET card it
forces the ports to an AIS state.
The Modem Mute feature effectively reduces the radio receiver sensitivity by 2 to 3 dB from its published
values but will prevent errors from corrupting the tributary audio circuits.
Modem Mute Time
The Modem Mute Time determines the time the mute will persist after the last uncorrectable block is
received. This can be set from 0 to 10 seconds in 0.1 second steps.
Note: The Modem Mute feature is only available if the radio modem is Rev D or later. If the radio has a
Rev A, Rev B or Rev C modem, the modem mute functionality is not displayed in SuperVisor.
Aprisa XE User Manual
74 | Configuring the Terminal
Entering Basic Terminal Information
To enter basic terminal information:
Select Link or Local or Remote > Terminal > Basic
Terminal Information
The data entry in these four fields can be up to 40 characters but cannot contain back slashes or double
quotes.
1. Enter the terminal Name. This appears in the Terminal status and menu bar at the top of every page.
2. Enter a unique Terminal ID.
3. Enter the Location of the terminal.
4. Enter a contact name or an email address in Contact Details. The default value is ‘support@4RF.com’.
5. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 75
Configuring the IP Settings
Select Link or Local or Remote > Terminal > Advanced.
Advanced Terminal Settings
1. Enter the static IP Address for the terminal assigned by your site network administrator using the
standard format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. The default IP address is in the range 169.254.50.xx.
2. Enter the Subnet Mask for the terminal using the standard format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. The default subnet
mask is 255.255.0.0.
3. Enter the Default Gateway for the terminal, if required, using the standard format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
(there is no default gateway set by default.)
4. Enter the IP address of the remote terminal using the standard format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (the default IP
address is in the range 169.254.50.xx.)
5. If you are setting up for remote logging (see ‘Setting up for Remote Logging’ on page 255), enter the
Syslog Address and the Syslog Port for the remote terminal.
6. In Time Zone Offset from GMT, select the time zone from the list (optional) .
7. To set the Time to the PC real-time clock, click Now.
8. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
76 | Configuring the Terminal
Setting the Terminal Clocking
To view the terminal clock status:
Select Link or Local or Remote > Terminal > Clocking
The current selected clock source and the current status of the primary and secondary external clocks are
shown:
Clock Status
Clock Status Description
Inactive
This clock source is either not configured at all, or is not in current use
Active
This clock source is providing the clocking for the terminal
Holdover
This clock source is nominated as Primary or Secondary but is currently
unavailable.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 77
To select the terminal clock source:
The Clock Source selected for the terminal will be used to clock all interface ports requiring clocking and
send a clocking signal over the RF link.
Select Link or Local or Remote > Terminal > Clocking > Clock Source and select one of the following:
Clock Source
Terminal Clocking
External
The terminal is clocked from the nominated interface port selected as
the primary external clock or the secondary external clock.
Internal
The terminal is clocked from the terminal's internal clock.
Link
The terminal is clocked from the RF link.
If the terminal Clock Source is set to External, the terminal will automatically clock from the nominated
primary external clock source if that clock source is available.
If the nominated primary external clock source is not available, the terminal will clock from the
nominated secondary external clock source if that clock source is available.
If the nominated secondary external clock source is not available, the terminal will clock from the internal
clock source.
When a nominated external clock source becomes available (primary or secondary), the terminal will then
clock from that clock source.
The terminal at one end of the link must have its clock source set to Internal or External and the terminal
at the other end of the link must have its clock source set to Link.
Aprisa XE User Manual
78 | Configuring the Terminal
To select the interface port for the external clock source (external clock source only):
Select the traffic interface ports nominated as Primary External Clock or Secondary External Clock
sources.
The failure of both External Clock sources results in a major alarm.
To manually override the automatic clock source selection (external clock source only):
Select either Switch to Primary or Switch to Secondary from the drop-down list, and click Apply.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 79
Setting the Duplexer Parameters
To set the duplexer parameters:
Select Link or Local or Remote > Terminal > Duplexer
Duplexer Parameters
The terminal TX and RX frequencies entered are validated against the duplexer parameters entered on
this page.
A valid high port frequency must be:
(duplexer high port centre frequency + pass band/2 - channel size/2)
and
(duplexer high port centre frequency – pass band/2 + channel size/2)
A valid low port frequency must be:
(duplexer low port centre frequency + pass band/2 - channel size/2)
and
(duplexer low port centre frequency – pass band/2 + channel size/2)
The duplexer parameters are entered in the factory but can be re-entered if the duplexer is changed in
the field. The parameters required are shown on the duplexer label.
1. Enter the duplexer High port centre frequency and Low port centre frequency in MHz.
2. Enter the duplexer Pass band in MHz (the total passband e.g. if the duplexer passband is show as
± 3.5 MHz, the value entered is 7 MHz).
3. Select Transmit High or Transmit Low
Transmit High - the Transmitter is connected to the High Port of the duplexer.
Transmit Low - the Transmitter is connected to the Low Port of the duplexer.
4. Enter the duplexer Serial Number (used for record keeping only).
5. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
80 | Configuring the Terminal
Setting the RSSI Alarm Threshold
The threshold (in dB) at which the RSSI alarm activates can be set for each of the modulation types over
the adjustment range of -40 dBm to -110 dBm and the default values are as per the following screen shot.
The alarm threshold has a +1 dB hysteresis for the inactive state.
To set the RSSI alarm threshold:
Select Link or Local or Remote > Alarms > RSSI Thresholds
1. Enter the alarm threshold required for each of the modulation types.
2. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 81
Configuring the External Alarms
Each terminal has two external alarm inputs and four external alarm outputs, terminated on the ALARM
RJ-45 connector on the terminal front panel.
Each external alarm input can activate the Major / Minor terminal alarm or be mapped to a remote
terminal external alarm output.
The ‘Alarm On When’ (active alarm state) for both inputs can be configured for 'External Source On' or
'External Source Off' (default is External Source On).
Each external alarm output can be triggered by a local terminal Major / Minor alarm or a remote terminal
Major / Minor alarm or either of the remote external alarm inputs.
The ‘Relay Closed When’ for the four outputs can be configured for 'Alarm On' or 'Alarm Off' (default is
Alarm Off).
Configuring the External Alarm Inputs
To configure the External Alarm Inputs:
Select Link or Local or Remote > Alarms > Ext Alarm Inputs
Note: When the MHSB mode is enabled on the terminal, the external alarm input 2 is used for protection
switch control so is not available for user alarms.
The state of the local terminal external alarm input is always sent to the remote terminal and the
external alarm input can be mapped to a remote terminal external alarm output.
Alarms present on a local terminal external alarm input will only be displayed in the remote terminal
Alarm Table / Alarm History if it has been mapped to one of the remote terminal external alarm outputs.
Aprisa XE User Manual
82 | Configuring the Terminal
1. Select the Display Locally setting for each alarm input.
Display Locally
External Alarm Input Function
No
The external alarm input does not generate an alarm on the
local terminal, does not appear in the ‘Alarm Table’ or ‘Alarm
History’, and shows as grayed out on the ‘Alarm Summary’.
Yes
The external alarm input generates an alarm on the local
terminal, displays in the ‘Alarm Table’ and ‘Alarm History’ and
the ‘Alarm Summary’.
Default
2. Select the Severity setting for each alarm input.
This option is only relevant when the ‘Display Locally’ option is set to ‘Yes’.
Severity
External Alarm Input Severity
Minor
The external alarm input generates a minor alarm on the local
terminal.
Major
The external alarm input generates a major alarm on the local
terminal.
Default
3. Enter a Description for each alarm input. The default is ‘External Input 1’ / ‘External Input 2’.
4. Select the Alarm On When setting for each alarm input.
Alarm On When
External Alarm Input State
External Source On
The alarm is on (alarm active) when a source of voltage is
applied to the external alarm input and current is flowing.
External Source Off
The alarm is on (alarm active) when no source of voltage is
applied to the external alarm input and hence no current is
flowing.
Default
5. When you have made your changes, click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous
configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 83
Configuring the External Alarm Outputs
To configure the External Alarm Outputs:
Select Link or Local or Remote > Alarms > Ext Alarm Outputs
Note: When the MHSB mode is enabled on the terminal, the external alarm output 4 is used for protection
switch control so is not available for user alarms.
1. Select the Mapping required for each alarm output.
Mapping
External Alarm Output Function
None
No external alarm output.
Local Major
The external alarm is present when the local terminal has a
major alarm.
Local Minor
The external alarm is present when the local terminal has a
minor alarm.
Remote Major
The external alarm is present when the remote terminal has a
major alarm.
Remote Minor
The external alarm is present when the remote terminal has a
minor alarm.
Remote Input 1
The external alarm is present when the remote terminal
external alarm input 1 is present.
Remote Input 2
The external alarm is present when the remote terminal
external alarm input 2 is present.
Test Major
External alarm test function – major alarm
This setting will output an alarm on the selected output but it
will not show in the alarm table or on the OK LED of the radio
(it is not a 'real' alarm).
This alarm test will clear if radio reboots.
Test Minor
External alarm test function – minor alarm
This setting will output an alarm on the selected output but it
will not show in the alarm table or on the OK LED of the radio
(it is not a 'real' alarm).
This alarm test will clear if radio reboots.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Default
84 | Configuring the Terminal
2. Select the Relay closed when setting for the four alarm outputs.
Relay closed when
External Alarm Output State
Alarm on
When the external alarm output relay contact is closed, the
alarm is on (alarm active).
Alarm off
When the external alarm output relay contact is closed, the
alarm is off (alarm inactive).
Default
3. When you have made your changes, click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous
configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 85
Configuring SNMP Settings
In addition to web-based management (SuperVisor), the terminal can also be managed using the Simple
Network Management Protocol (SNMP). MIB files are supplied, and these can be used by a dedicated SNMP
Manager, such as Castle Rock's SNMPc (www.castlerock.com), to access most of the terminal's configurable
parameters.
However, it is recommended that SNMP is only used for status and alarm monitoring of your entire
network. SuperVisor is the best means to configure individual terminals.
For communication between the SNMP manager and the terminal, Access Controls, Trap Destinations, and
Community strings must be set up as described in the following sections.
A SNMP Access Control is the IP address of the terminal used by an SNMP manager or any other SNMP
device to access the terminal. Entering an IP address of ‘Any’ (not case sensitive) or will allow any IP
address access to the terminal. A community string is sent with the IP address for security.
Commands are sent from the SNMP manager to the terminal to read or configure parameters of the
terminal e.g. setting of interface parameters.
A SNMP Trap Destination is the IP address of a station running an SNMP manager. A community string is
sent with the IP address for security.
Events are sent from the terminal to the SNMP manager e.g. alarm events.
A SNMP Community String is used to protect against unauthorized access (similar to a password). The
SNMP agent (terminal or SNMP manager) will check the community string before performing the task
requested in the SNMP message . Trap Destinations and Access Controls both use community strings for
protection.
To configure Trap Destinations and Access Controls:
Select Local > Maintenance > SNMP > SNMP Settings
Note: SNMP Settings can only be setup on the local terminal.
Aprisa XE User Manual
86 | Configuring the Terminal
SNMP Access Controls
To add an access control:
1. Click on the ‘Add Read Only’ button to enter a Read Only access control or click on the ‘Add
Read/Write’ button to enter a Read/Write access control.
2. Enter the IP address of each SNMP manager allowed access to the terminal (read/write access control
shown). The IP address entered must be a valid dot delimited IP address.
Entering an IP address of ‘Any’ or
* will allow any IP address access to the terminal.
3. Enter the community string for the access control.
The Community string is usually different for Read Only and Read/Write operations.
There is no default 'public' community string for an access control, but a 'public' community string can
be entered which will have full MIB access, including the 4RF MIB.
4. Click Add.
To delete an access control:
1. Select the access control you want to delete and click Delete.
2. Click OK to delete the access control or Cancel to abort the delete.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 87
SNMP Trap Destinations
To add a trap destination:
1. Click on the ‘Add SNMPv1’ button to enter a SNMPv1 trap destination or click on the ‘Add SNMPv2c’
button to enter a SNMPv2c trap destination.
The differences between SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c are concerned with the protocol operations that can be
performed. Selection of SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c must match the setup of the SNMP manager.
2. Enter the IP address of the server to which you want SNMP traps sent (SNMPv1 trap destination
shown). The IP address entered must be a valid dot delimited IP address.
3. Enter the community string for the trap destination.
There is no default 'public' community string for a trap destination, but a 'public' community string can
be entered.
4. Click Add.
To delete a trap destination:
1. Select the trap destination you want to delete and click Delete.
2. Click OK to delete the trap destination or Cancel to abort the delete.
Aprisa XE User Manual
88 | Configuring the Terminal
Viewing the SNMP Traps
Any event or alarm in the SNMP objects list can be easily viewed. This also enables you to verify, if
required, that SNMP traps are being sent.
Select Local > Maintenance > SNMP > View Traps.
Viewing the SNMP MIB Details
This is useful to see what MIB (Management Information Base) objects the terminal supports.
Select Link or Local or Remote > Maintenance > SNMP > View MIB Details.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Terminal | 89
Saving the Terminal's Configuration
Note: To save cross connection configurations, see page 155.
To save a configuration:
1. Ensure you are logged in with either 'modify' or 'admin' privileges.
2. Select Local > Maintenance > Config Files > Save MIB.
3. Select the 'Save to disk' option in the dialog box that appears.
4. In the next dialog box that appears, navigate to the directory where you want to save the file, enter a
suitable filename, and then click Save (The default name for this file is backupForm).
Note 1: If this dialog box does not appear, change your Internet security settings to allow downloads.
You may also need to check your default download location.
Note 2: Pop-ups must be enabled on you PC for this function to work (see ‘PC Settings for SuperVisor’
on page 50).
To load a configuration into a terminal:
Important: Only load a saved configuration file to another terminal that has exactly the same
configuration (RF variant and interface cards).
1. Ensure you are logged in with either 'modify' or 'admin' privileges.
2. Select Local or Remote > Maintenance > Config Files > Load MIB.
3. Click Browse and then navigate to the file and select it.
4. Click Upload to load the configuration file into the terminal.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 91
9.
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
Important: When configuring a link, it is important that you configure the remote terminal first as the
new configuration may break the management connection to the remote terminal.
Once the remote terminal has been configured, the local terminal should be configured to match the
remote terminal.
Viewing a Summary of the Interfaces
To view a summary of the interfaces fitted:
Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Interface Summary.
The Interface Summary page shows:
The interface type for each slot that has been configured with the capacity used by each port.
Total Capacity. The total capacity of the radio link.
Ethernet Capacity. The capacity allocated to the Ethernet traffic over the radio link. This includes
the user and management capacity assigned.
Management Capacity. The capacity allocated to the management conduit over ethernet.
Radio Capacity. The percentage of the total capacity of the radio link that has been allocated to
traffic interfaces.
Drop and insert capacity. The percentage of the total drop and insert capacity used for local drop
and insert cross connections. The total drop and insert capacity is 65536 kbit/s minus the assigned
radio link capacity.
Some interfaces also require extra bandwidth to be allocated to transport signalling, such as CTS / DTR
handshaking or E&M signals. The cross connections application automatically allocates capacity for
signalling when it is needed.
Aprisa XE User Manual
92 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
Important: Before you can configure the traffic interfaces, the interface cards must be already installed
(see ‘Installing Interface Cards’ on page 235).
Configuring each traffic interface involves the following steps (specific instructions for each interface card
follow this page).
First, specify the port settings for the Remote terminal:
1. Select Remote > Interface > Interface Summary, select the interface card and click Configure
Interface.
2. Select the port you want to configure and modify the settings, as necessary.
3. Click Apply to save the changes you have made.
Now specify the port settings for the Local terminal:
1. Select Local > Interface > Interface Summary, select the interface card and click Configure Interface.
2. Select the port you want to configure and modify the settings, as necessary.
3. Click Apply to save the changes you have made.
Once you have done this, you will need to configure the traffic cross-connects (see ‘Configuring the traffic
cross connections’ on page 145) for each interface card.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 93
Ethernet Switch
In the default mode, the Ethernet switch passes IP packets (up to 1522 bytes) as it receives them.
However, using SuperVisor you can configure VLAN, QoS and port speed settings to improve how IP traffic
is managed.
This is useful for operators who use virtual networks to segment different groups of users or different
types of traffic in their network. These groups can be maintained across the radio link thus ensuring users
in one virtual network cannot access data in other virtual networks.
The switch also has a high-speed address lookup engine, supporting up to 2048 preferential MAC addresses
as well as automatic learning and aging. Traffic is filtered through this table and only traffic destined for
the remote end is sent across the link improving bandwidth efficiency.
Note: You need ‘modify’ or ‘admin’ privileges to configure the Ethernet for VLAN and Quality of Service
(QoS).
VLAN tagging
By default, all user and management traffic is allocated the same VLAN across the link.
Alternatively, you can assign each of the four Ethernet ports to a VLAN. Each VLAN can be configured to
carry user traffic, or user traffic and radio management traffic. The VLAN tagging conforms to IEEE
802.1Q standard.
Aprisa XE User Manual
94 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
Configuring the Ethernet switch for VLAN tagging
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Ethernet Settings.
Note: Always configure the remote terminal before the local terminal
2. In the Quick Links box at the bottom of the page, click Ethernet General Settings.
3. From Ethernet Grouping drop-down list select 'Enabled' ('Disabled' is the default setting; Ethernet
traffic is not segregated).
Important: Changing this setting will disrupt Ethernet traffic.
4. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
You now need to select the VLAN groups for each of the four Ethernet ports.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 95
Specifying the VLAN ID for the Ethernet Ports
Each Ethernet port can be configured with one of five VLAN IDs. You can configure each of the physical
ports, numbered 1 to 4 with a VLAN ID (numbered User1 to User4 and User+Mgmt).
These VLAN IDs are applied at the ingress port and only used internally across the link. The VLAN ID is
removed when traffic exits the switch at the egress port. Data entering the Ethernet switch on ports 1 to 4
or the internal management port can only exit on ports that are associated with the same VLAN ID as the
ingress port.
For example, the physical RJ-45 port 1 may be on VLAN 3 at the local end, but at the remote end, the
physical RJ-45 port 4 may be associated with VLAN 3. Traffic entering the local end on port 1 will exit the
remote end on port 4.
To allow the radio link to transport traffic using existing VLAN ID information, the radio adds an extra
VLAN ID over the top of an existing VLAN ID (double-tagging). This extra VLAN ID is added at the ingress
port and removed at the egress port. This adds 4 bytes to the packet and the maximum packet size
supported by the radio is 1526 bytes.
Note 1: Tagged flows can only have one port per VLAN ID on each terminal.
Note 2: The ethernet switch only supports packets up to 1522 bytes in size at the ingress port.
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Ethernet Settings.
Note: Always configure the remote terminal before the local terminal
2. In the Quick Links box at the bottom of the page, select the port you want to configure:
3. The Ethernet Port Settings page appears for the port you selected:
4. From the Ethernet Group drop-down list, select the VLAN group to which you want this port to belong.
Important: To access radio management traffic, you need to allocate one of the VLANs to ‘User and
Management’. It is strongly recommended that you indicate which port or group of ports is associated
to the management traffic first.
5. Click Apply.
6. Repeat steps 1-4 for the Ethernet switch in the other terminal in the link.
Aprisa XE User Manual
96 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
Quality of Service
Quality of Service (QoS) enables network operators to classify traffic passing through the Ethernet switch
into prioritized flows.
Each port can have a priority tag set at the ingress port, or it can be read directly from the Ethernet
traffic. When read directly from the Ethernet traffic, the following fields are used to determine the
traffic’s QoS priority.
The IEEE 802.1p Priority information in the IEEE 802.3ac Tag.
The IPv4 Type of Service field.
The IPv6 Traffic Class field.
You can select one of two queuing methods:
IEEE 802.1p standard method
Cisco-proprietary method
The queuing method determines how the traffic is prioritized.
Each port has four egress queues (queues 0-3) of differing priorities. Queue 0 is the lowest priority and
Queue 3 is the highest priority.
Configuring the Ethernet Switch for QoS
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Ethernet Settings.
2. In the Quick Links box at the bottom of the page, click Ethernet General Settings.
The Ethernet General Settings page:
3. Leave Ethernet Grouping set to 'Disabled' (unless you want to enable VLAN tagging).
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 97
4. Select the Priority Queue Scheduling.
There are two methods for transmitting the Ethernet traffic queues across the link:
Strict: the queue is transmitted based on the priority. The first queue transmitted is the highest
priority queue and the terminal will not transmit any other traffic from any other queue until the
highest priority queue is empty. Then the next highest priority queue is transmitted, and so on.
Weighted (default): each of the queues will transmit a number of packets based on a weighting.
The following table shows how the weighting is applied to each queue.
Queue
Priority
Number of packets transmitted
Queue 3
Highest Priority
8 packets
Queue 2
4 packets
Queue 1
2 packets
Queue 0
Lowest Priority
1 packets
5. Select the IEEE 802.1 Priority Queue Mapping.
This determines the standard (or scheme) used for prioritizing traffic into one of four queues
numbered 0 to 3 (3 being the highest priority queue).
There are two possible methods for queuing the ethernet traffic. One is based on the IEEE 802.1D
standard (which is the default setting), and the other is based on the Cisco-proprietary method.
The following table shows how traffic is queued using the two methods:
Output Queue
Priority
Traffic Type
Cisco
Priority Queuing
IEEE 802.1D
Priority Queuing
0 (default)
Best Effort
Background
Spare
Excellent Effort
Controlled Load
‘Video’ < 100ms latency and jitter
‘Video’ < 10ms latency and jitter
Network Control
Aprisa XE User Manual
98 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
Configuring the Ethernet Ports for QoS
Each Ethernet port can be configured for Ingress Rates and Priority queues.
To configure the Ethernet ports for QoS:
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Ethernet Settings.
2. Select the port you want to configure and click Port Configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 99
3. Select the required Ingress Rate for this port.
The ingress rate (input data rate) limits the rate that traffic is passed into the port. Operators can
protect the terminal’s traffic buffers against flooding by rate-limiting each port.
Ingress Rate
Unlimited
Default
128 kbit/s
256 kbit/s
512 kbit/s
1 Mbit/s
2 Mbit/s
4 Mbit/s
8 Mbit/s
4. Select the Priority for all Ethernet data entering this port.
The priority specifies where the priority control information is sourced from.
From Frames
Traffic is prioritized into one of the following traffic types (numbered 0 to 7) by the originating device
or application. Generally, the higher the priority, the higher the priority rating.
However, in the IEEE standard queuing scheme, the ordering of the priority is 1, 2, 0, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. In
this case 0 has a higher priority than 1 and 2.
If priority control information is present in the Ethernet header, this information is used to priorities
the traffic but if there is no priority control information in the Ethernet header, the IP header is used
to priorities the traffic.
Low, Medium, High, Very High
The priority rating you select is applied to all traffic on the port and is applied to all traffic
irrespective of traffic type and the priority control information in the traffic.
5. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
100 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
Viewing the Status of the Ethernet Ports
Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Switch Summary.
For each port the following is shown:
Speed — the data rate (in Mbit/s) of the port.
Duplex — whether half or full duplex.
Status — whether there is a cable plugged into the port (active) or not (inactive).
Note: The Ethernet ports on the terminal are set to auto-configure the speed and duplex for the best
performance.
Resetting the Ethernet Settings
You can easily reset the VLAN and QoS settings to the default values, if required. This is useful if you want
the Ethernet switch to operate in the default mode, that is, IP packets are passed across the link as
received.
Note: You can also do this using the Setup menu (see page 57.).
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Default Ethernet Settings.
Set Ethernet Groupings To Default Values.
This resets the Ethernet Grouping setting to 'Disabled', which means that the Ethernet switch no
longer operates as a VLAN. In addition, all the Ethernet ports will default to the 'User and
Management' Ethernet Group.
Set Ethernet QoS To Default Values.
This resets the ingress rate for all the ports to 'Unlimited' and the priority to 'From Frames'. In
addition, the Ethernet QoS settings are reset to the defaults: Priority Queue Scheduling reverts to
'Weighted' and IEEE 802.1 Priority Queue Mapping reverts to 'IEEE Standard'.
2. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 101
Ethernet Port Startup
In previous Aprisa XE software versions, the Ethernet switch ports where enabled when the radio powered
up.
In software version 8.6.53, the mode of operation was changed to disable the Ethernet switch ports until
the radio software has completed booting. This enhancement has been implemented to meet customer
requirements.
A hardware modification is required to the Aprisa XE motherboard to enable this enhancement (0 ohm
resistor fitted).
If the Aprisa XE motherboard hardware modification has been done, the Aprisa XE software version 8.6.53
or greater will be required to operate the radio. If Aprisa XE software prior to this version is used, the
Ethernet ports will not enable. For this reason, an Aprisa XE running software version 8.6.53 cannot be
downgraded to an earlier software version.
Aprisa XE User Manual
102 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
QJET Port Settings
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Interface Summary, then select the QJET interface and
click Configure Interface.
2. Select the QJET port to be configured and click Edit.
3. Set the QJET Line Encoding:
For an E1 port, set the E1 Line Encoding as required to either HDB3 or AMI. The default is HDB3.
For a T1 port, set the T1 Line Encoding as required to either B8ZS or AMI. The default is B8ZS.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 103
4. Set the QJET T1 Tx Waveform Shaper (T1 only).
The Tx Waveform Shaper applies 1/√f pre-emphasis to the transmit waveform to ensure the waveform
meets the G.703 pulse mask at the interconnect point. Waveform shaping assumes the use of 22 gauge
(0.32 mm2) twisted-pair cable. The default is 0 ~ 133 f t .
Cable Length Range
0 ~ 133 f t
Def au lt
133 ~ 266 f t
266 ~ 399 f t
399 ~ 533 f t
533 ~ 655 f t
5. Loopback controls the port loopbacks (see ‘Interface Loopbacks’ on page 242).
Setting
Function
Off
No port loopback
Line Facing
Port traffic from the customer is transmitted over the RF
link but is also looped back to the customer
Radio Facing
Traffic received from the RF link is passed to the customer
port but is also looped back to be transmitted over the RF
link
Note: The QJET E1 / T1 port green LED flashes when the loopback is active.
6. AIS Hysteresis sets the number of seconds after a Modem LOS that AIS is sent.
7. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
104 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
Q4EM Port Settings
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Interface Summary, select the Q4EM interface, and click
Configure Interface.
2. Select the Q4EM port to be configured, and click Edit.
'Slot' shows the slot the Q4EM interface card is plugged into in the terminal (A – H).
'Port' shows the interface port number (1-4).
‘PCM Mode’ shows the current mode assigned to the port by the cross connect.
‘E&M’ shows if the E&M signalling on the port has been activated by the cross connect.
‘Loopback’ controls the 4 wire analogue port loopbacks.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 105
3. Set the Q4EM Output level and the Input level required.
Signal Direction
Level adjustment range
Default setting
Input level (Li)
-14.0 dBr to +4.0 dBr in 0.5 dB steps
+0.0 dBr
Output level (Lo)
-14.0 dBr to +4.0 dBr in 0.5 dB steps
+0.0 dBr
It is important that analogue signals presented from the Q4EM interface be normalized to fit within the ±
127 quantizing steps of the encoder. This is done by adjusting the circuit levels relative to the 0 dBm
(± 118 peak code) for example:
If a nominal input level of -6.0 dBm is applied to the Q4EM interface input port, the Q4EM Input
Level must be set to -6.0 dBr. This will effectively amplify the sent signal by 6.0 dB to produce a
digital signal with a ± 118 peak code (0 dBm).
If a nominal output level of -6.0 dBm is required from the Q4EM interface output port, the Q4EM
Output Level must be set to -6.0 dBr. This will effectively attenuate the received decoded signal
by 6 dB.
4. Set the Q4EM E wire interface to either Normal or Inverted.
This determines the state of the CAS bit relative to the state of the E wire:
E wire output
CAS bit Normal
(default)
CAS bit Inverted
Output Active
Output Inactive
5. Set the Q4EM M wire interface to either Normal or Inverted.
This determines the state of the CAS bit relative to the state of the M wire:
M wire input
CAS bit Normal
(default)
CAS bit Inverted
Input Active
Input Inactive
6. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
7. Select Q4EM PCM Law Control from the Quick Links box.
This option sets the companding law used by the four ports on the Q4EM card.
A-Law is used internationally (default).
µ-Law is used in North America and Japan.
Note: The PCM Law Control controls all four ports on the Q4EM card. To run a mixture of µ-Law and ALaw interfaces, multiple Q4EM cards are necessary.
Aprisa XE User Manual
106 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
8. Loopback controls the port loopbacks (see ‘Interface Loopbacks’ on page 242).
Setting
Function
Off
No port loopback
Line Facing
Port traffic from the customer is transmitted over the RF
link but is also looped back to the customer
Radio Facing
Traffic received from the RF link is passed to the customer
port but is also looped back to be transmitted over the RF
link
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 107
Loop Interface Circuits
DFXO / DFXS Loop Interface Circuits
Function
The function of DFXO / DFXS 2 wire loop interface circuits is to transparently extend the 2 wire interface
from the exchange line card to the telephone / PBX, ideally without loss or distortion.
The DFXO interface simulates the function of a telephone and a DFXS interface simulates the function of
an exchange line card. These circuits are known as ‘ring out, dial in’ 2 wire loop interface circuits.
Network Performance
The overall Network Performance is dependant on the number of D-A and A-D conversions and 2 wire to 4
wire / 4 wire to 2 wire conversions in the end to end circuit (telephone to telephone). To achieve the best
overall Network Performance, the number of D-A and A-D conversions and 2 wire to 4 wire / 4 wire to 2
wire conversions should be minimized.
Circuit Performance
The circuit quality achieved with a 2 wire voice circuit is very dependant on the external interface
parameters and the interconnecting copper line.
Short interconnecting copper lines (< 100 meters), have little effect on the circuit performance so the
interface parameters have the dominant affect on circuit performance.
As the length of the interconnecting copper line is increased, the attenuation of the analogue signal
degrades circuit performance but also the impedance of the copper line also has a greater effect on the
circuit performance. For this reason, complex line impedance networks (e.g. TBR21, TN12) were created
which model the average impedance of the copper network.
The factors that affect the quality of the circuit achieved are;
DFXO interface
The degree of match between the DFXO line termination impedance, the impedance of the
interconnecting copper line and the exchange line card line termination impedance. This affects
the return loss.
The degree of match between the DFXO line termination impedance, the impedance of the
interconnecting copper line and the exchange line card hybrid balance impedance. This affects
the exchange line card transhybrid balance.
The degree of match between the DFXO hybrid balance impedance, the impedance of the
interconnecting copper line and the exchange line card line termination impedance. This affects
the DFXO transhybrid balance.
The circuit levels of both the DFXO and the exchange line card.
DFXS interface
The degree of match between the DFXS line termination impedance, the impedance of the
interconnecting copper line and the telephone line termination impedance. This affects the return
loss.
The degree of match between the DFXS line termination impedance, the impedance of the
interconnecting copper line and the telephone hybrid balance impedance. This affects the
telephone transhybrid balance.
The degree of match between the DFXS hybrid balance impedance, the impedance of the
interconnecting copper line and the telephone line termination impedance. This affects the DFXS
transhybrid balance.
The circuit levels of both the DFXS and the telephone.
Aprisa XE User Manual
108 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
Line Termination Impedance
The line termination impedance (Zt) is the impedance seen looking into the DFXO or DFXS interface. The
line termination impedance is not the same as the hybrid balance impedance network (Zb) but can be set
to the same value.
Changing the DFXO / DFXS impedance setting on the Aprisa XE changes both the line termination
impedance and the hybrid balance impedance to the same value.
Hybrid Balance Impedance
The hybrid balance impedance (Zb) is the impedance network on the opposite side of the hybrid from the
DFXO / DFXS line interface. The purpose of this network is to balance the hybrid to the impedance
presented to the DFXO / DFXS line interface.
Changing the DFXO / DFXS impedance setting on the Aprisa XE changes both the line termination
impedance and the hybrid balance impedance to the same value.
Transhybrid loss
Transhybrid loss is a measure of how much analogue signal received from the remote terminal is passed
across the hybrid and sent to the remote terminal.
The transhybrid loss is maximized when the hybrid balance impedance matches the impedance presented
to the DFXO / DFXS line interface. An optimized hybrid minimizes circuit echo.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 109
Circuit Levels
The 8 bit digital word for each analogue sample encoded (A law), has a maximum of 255 quantizing code
steps, a maximum of + 127 for positive signals and a minimum of - 127 for negative signals. No signal is
represented by the code step 0.
A nominal level of 0 dBm generates a peak code of ± 118 which allows up to + 3.14 dBm0 of headroom
before the maximum step of 127 is obtained. Any level greater than + 3.14 dBm0 will be distorted
(clipped) which will cause severe problems with analogue data transmission.
It is therefore important that analogue signals presented from the DFXO / DFXS line interface be
normalized to fit within the ± 127 quantizing steps of the encoder. This is done by adjusting the circuit
levels relative to the 0 dBm (± 118 peak code) for example:
If a nominal input level of +1 dBm is applied to the DFXS line interface, the DFXS Input Level must
be set to +1.0 dBr. This will effectively attenuate the sent signal by 1 dB to produce a digital
signal with a 118 peak code (0 dBm).
If a nominal output level of -6 dBm is required from the DFXS line interface, the DFXS Output Level
must be set to -6.0 dBr. This will effectively attenuate the received signal by 6 dB.
The circuit levels and the transhybrid loss of both ends of the circuit, also determine the stability of the
circuit. If the circuit levels are too high and the transhybrid loss figures achieved are too low, the circuit
can have a positive loop gain and can recirculate (sometimes called singing).
Typically, an end to end 2 wire voice circuit is engineered to have a 2-3 dB loss in both directions of
transmission.
Derived System Level Plan
Overall Loss
= 8.0 dB
Aprisa XE
Exchange
Line Card
DFXO
Interface
0.0 dBm
DFXS
Interface
-6.0 dBm
-2.0 dBm
4WR
0 dBr
-8.0 dBm
4WS
-6.0 dBr
4WR
-4.0 dBr
0 dBr
-6.0 dBr
Transmission
Reference Point
ZB
0 dBr
2WR
2WS
2WS
2WR
+1.0 dBr
Overall Loss
= 3.0 dB
ZB
-1.0 dBr
4WS
-2.0 dBm
2WR output
2WS input
ZB
0 dBr
4WR
-1.0 dBm
+1.0 dBr
4WS
0.0 dBm
+1.0 dBm
Note 1: The derived system loss is 2 dB in both directions due to the deliberate 2 dB level mismatch between
the exchange line card and the DFXO interface unit
Aprisa XE User Manual
110 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
E1 CAS to DFXS Circuits
Function
E1 CAS to DFXS circuits can be provisioned over an Aprisa XE link by using a DFXS interface card at the
customer end of the link and a QJET at the exchange end of the link. The QJET E1 interface connects to
an exchange or PBX Digital Trunk Interface (DTI) to provide FXS foreign exchange circuits.
The Aprisa XE can interconnect at E1 to an exchange / PBX DTI if the DTI is capable of providing standard
1 bit channel associated signalling (CAS).
Forward
Af
Backward
Ab
Idle
Idle
Ringing
Loop (Off hook)
The signalling functions provided with a 1 bit CAS protocol are:
Ring cadence transmission
Ring trip
Off hook
Switch hook flash
Decadic dialling
The speech path functions as normal and provides:
Transmission of tones (e.g. dial tone, ring tone)
Caller ID
DTMF dialling
Speech
Setup
Cross connect the voice channel between the QJET and the DFXS card.
Cross connect the signalling (A bit only) using ‘4 wire compatible’ mode between the QJET and the DFXS
card.
Configure the E1 spare CAS bits to be compatible with the DTI (see ‘QJET Spare CAS Bit Control’ on page
165). The standard spare bit states are B = 1, C = 0, D = 1.
DFXS to DFXS Hotline Circuits
Function
A ‘Hotline’ circuit can be provisioned over an Aprisa XE link by using a DFXS interface card at both ends of
the link. When one phone goes off hook, the other phone rings and vice versa.
A 1 bit CAS protocol is used to signal between the DFXS interfaces:
Forward
Af
Backward
Ab
Idle
Idle
Ringing
Loop (Off hook)
Setup
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 111
Cross connect the voice channel on both DFXS cards.
Cross connect the signalling (A bit only) using ‘4 wire compatible’ mode on both DFXS cards.
Aprisa XE User Manual
112 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
DFXS Port Settings
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Interface Summary, then select the DFXS interface and
click Configure Interface.
2. Select the DFXS port to configure, and click Edit.
'Slot' shows the slot the DFXS interface card is plugged into in the terminal (A – H).
'Port' shows the interface port number (1-2).
‘PCM Mode’ shows the current mode assigned to the port by the cross connect.
‘Loopback’ loops back the port digital paths to return the port analogue signal back to the customer.
‘Path Mute’ mutes the TX or RX digital path. This function is used to mute the return direction of
transmission during A-A intrinsic performance testing as recommended in ITU G.712 para 1.2 Port
definitions.
Path Mute
Description
No Mute
Normal signal transmission in both directions
Mute TX
Mutes the transmit digital path i.e. the signal from the DFXS
to the DFXO is muted
Mute RX
Mutes the receive digital path i.e. the signal from the DFXO
to the DFXS is muted
Aprisa XE User Manual
Default
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 113
3. Set the DFXS Input Level and the Output Level required:
Signal Direction
Level adjustment range
Default setting
Input Level (Li)
-9.0 dBr to +3.0 dBr in 0.5 dB steps
+1.0 dBr
Output Level (Lo)
-9.5 dBr to +2.5 dBr in 0.5 dB steps
-6.0 dBr
In the example shown below, the Customer Premises Equipment is a telephone connected to a DFXS
card.
The levels are set based on the system using a 0 dBr transmission reference point.
DFXS Input Level setting
The telephone has a nominal output level of +1 dBr. To achieve a transmission reference point
transmit level of 0 dBr, the DFXS Input Level is set to +1 dBr (effective T pad loss of 1 dB).
DFXS Output Level setting
The telephone has a nominal input level of -6 dBr. With a transmission reference point received level
of 0 dBr, the DFXS Output level is set to -6 dBr (effective R pad loss of 6 dB).
4. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
114 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
5. Select the DFXS Control.
The DFXS Control page sets values for both ports on the DFXS card. The cards are shipped with the
default values shown in the illustration below:
'Slot' shows the slot the DFXS interface card is plugged into in the terminal (A – H).
6. Select the DFXS PCM Law.
This option sets the companding law used by both ports on the DFXS card.
A-Law is used internationally (default)
µ-Law is used in North America and Japan.
Note: To run a mixture of µ-Law and A-Law interfaces, multiple DFXS cards are necessary.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 115
7. Select the DFXS Line Impedance
This option sets the DFXS line termination impedance and the hybrid balance impedance to the same
value.
Selection
Description
600 Ω
Standard equipment impedance
600 Ω + 2.16 uF
Standard equipment impedance with low frequency
roll-off
900 Ω
Typically used on loaded cable pairs
900 Ω + 2.16 uF
Typically used on loaded cable pairs with low
frequency roll-off
TN12
Standard complex impedance for Australia
TBR21
Widely deployed complex impedance
BT3
Standard complex impedance for New Zealand
Default
On a short line (< 100 meters), the selected impedance should match the impedance of the phone
(off-hook).
On a long line (> 1000 meters), the selected impedance should match the impedance of the phone
(off-hook) as seen through the line.
If you are not sure what the expected impedance value should be, check with the CPE equipment
supplier.
8. Set the DFXS Transhybrid Balance (usually not required to change).
The default Transhybrid Balance value (0 dB), provides the best circuit performance where the
balance impedance (set by the Line Impedance setting) matches the impedance of the line.
You should only adjust the transhybrid balance when the balance impedance does not match the
actual line impedance. You can achieve small circuit improvements using this option.
9. Set the DFXS Ringer Frequency.
This option sets the DFXS Ringing Frequency.
Selection
Description
17 Hz
Used in older networks
25 Hz
Standard ringing frequency
50 Hz
Used by some telephone exchanges
Aprisa XE User Manual
Default
116 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
10. Set the DFXS Ringer Output Voltage.
This option sets the DFXS open circuit Ringing Output Voltage which is sourced via an internal ringing
resistance of 178 per port.
The DC offset on the AC ringing signal enables ring trip to occur with a DC loop either during ringing
cycles. The normal DC line feed voltage enables ring trip to occur with a DC loop in the silent period
between the ringing cycles.
Selection
Description
60 Vrms + 0 VDC
Outputs 60 VRMS ringing with no DC offset
Maximum ringing voltage for high ringing load
applications but no DC ring trip
55 Vrms + 10 VDC
Outputs 55 VRMS ringing with a 10 VDC offset
Medium ringing load applications
50 Vrms + 18 VDC
Outputs 50 VRMS ringing with a 18 VDC offset
Above average ringing load applications
45 Vrms + 22 VDC
Outputs 45 VRMS ringing with a 22 VDC offset
Typical application
40 Vrms + 24 VDC
Outputs 40 VRMS ringing with a 24 VDC offset
Lowest terminal power consumption
Default
11. Select the DFXS Billing Tone Frequency.
This option sets the frequency of billing tone generation. If you are not sure what the expected
frequency of the billing tone should be, check with the exchange equipment supplier.
Selection
Description
12 kHz
Use if the CPE requires a 12 kHz billing tone signal
16 kHz
Use if the CPE requires a 16 kHz billing tone signal
Aprisa XE User Manual
Default
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 117
12. Select the DFXS Billing Tone Level.
This option sets the DFXS billing tone output level which is defined as the voltage into 200 Ω with a
source impedance equal to the Line Impedance setting.
The billing tone voltage into 200 Ω is limited by the maximum open circuit voltage of 1 Vrms. The drop
down list reflects the maximum allowable billing tone output voltage for the Line Impedance setting
selected.
Selection
Description
400 mV rms
Billing tone voltage setting available for line
impedances of TN12, BT3 and TBR21.
300 mV rms
Billing tone voltage setting available for line
impedances of TN12, BT3, TBR21 and 600 Ω.
200 mV rms
Billing tone voltage setting available for line
impedances of TN12, BT3, TBR21, 600 Ω and 900 Ω.
100 mV rms
Billing tone voltage setting available for all line
impedance settings.
Default
13. The DFXS billing tone Attack Ramp time can be adjusted to reduce the interference which can be
produced when a signal turns on quickly. The attack ramp time is how long the billing tone generator
takes to ramp up to full level when it is turned. The default ramp time is 1 ms.
Aprisa XE User Manual
118 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
14. The DFXS Signalling Advanced options are used to control the four CAS bits ABCD in the DFXO to DFXS
direction of transmission and one CAS bit A in the DFXS to DFXO direction of transmission. This option
sets the signalling for both DFXS card ports.
Transparent Normal mode is used for normal traffic and Transparent Inverted mode can be used for
special signalling requirements when a function needs to be reversed e.g. to change the idle polarity
of the DFXS line feed voltage.
Forced modes are used to disable particular functions e.g. when polarity reversals are not required.
They can also be used for system testing e.g. to apply DFXS continuous ringing output
Selection
Description
Transparent Normal
Normal transparent transmission of the CAS bit
Transparent
Inverted
Transparent transmission of the CAS bit but inverts the
polarity.
Forced Normal
Sets the CAS bit to 1 (inactive).
Forced Inverted
Sets the CAS bit to 0 (active).
Default
DFXO to DFXS
CAS Bit
Forced Normal
Forced Inverted
A bit (fault)
Sets the CAS A bit to 1
continuous fault state
Sets the CAS A bit to 0
no fault state
B bit (ring)
Sets the CAS B bit to 1
no DFXS ringing output.
Sets the CAS B bit to 0
continuous DFXS ringing output.
C bit (billing)
Sets the CAS C bit to 1
no DFXS billing tone output.
Sets the CAS C bit to 0
continuous DFXS billing tone
output.
D bit (reversal)
Sets the CAS D bit to 1
no DFXS polarity reversal
Sets the CAS D bit to 0
continuous DFXS polarity reversal
CAS Bit
Forced Normal
Forced Inverted
A bit (off hook)
Sets the CAS A bit to 1
no DFXO off hook
Sets the CAS A bit to 0
continuous DFXO off hook
From DFXS to DFXO
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 119
QJET to DFXS
CAS Bit
Forced Normal
Forced Inverted
A bit (ring)
Sets the CAS A bit to 1
no DFXS ringing output.
Sets the CAS A bit to 0
continuous DFXS ringing output.
B bit (na)
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
C bit (na)
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
D bit (na)
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
CAS Bit
Forced Normal
Forced Inverted
A bit (off hook)
Sets the CAS A bit to 1
Idle state to E1 port
Sets the CAS A bit to 0
Off hook state to E1 port
From DFXS to QJET
15. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
120 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
DFXO Port Settings
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Interface Summary, then select the DFXO interface and
click Configure Interface.
2. Select the DFXO port to configure, and click Edit.
'Slot' shows the slot the DFXO interface card is plugged into in the terminal (A – H).
'Port' shows the interface port number (1-2).
‘PCM Mode’ shows the current mode assigned to the port by the cross connect.
‘Loopback’ loops back the port digital paths to return the port analogue signal back to the customer.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 121
3. Set the DFXO Input Level and the Output Level required:
Signal Direction
Level adjustment range
Default setting
Input Level (Li)
-10.0 dBr to +1.0 dBr in 0.5 dB steps
-4.0 dBr
Output Level (Lo)
-10.0 dBr to +1.0 dBr in 0.5 dB steps
-1.0 dBr
In the example shown below, the PSTN exchange line card is connected to a DFXO card.
The levels are set based on the system using a 0 dBr transmission reference point.
DFXO Input Level setting
The exchange line card has a nominal output level of -6 dBr. To achieve a digital reference point
transmit level of -2.0 dBm0, the DFXO input level is set to -4.0 dBr (effective T pad gain of 4.0 dB).
The deliberate 2 dB of loss between the exchange line card and the DFXO provides a 2 dB of overall
circuit loss between the DFXO and the DFXS.
DFXO Output Level setting
The exchange line card has a nominal input level of +1.0 dBr. With a transmission reference point
received level of -2.0 dBm0, the DFXO output level is set to -1.0 dBr (effective R pad loss of 1.0 dB).
The deliberate 2 dB of loss between the exchange line card and the DFXO provides a 2 dB of overall
circuit loss between the DFXS and the DFXO.
4. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
122 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
5. Select the DFXO Control.
The DFXO Control page sets values for both ports on the DFXO card. The cards are shipped with the
default values shown in the illustration below:
'Slot' shows the slot the DFXO interface card is plugged into in the terminal (A – H).
6. Select the DFXO PCM Law.
This option sets the companding law used by both ports on the DFXO card.
A-Law is used internationally (default)
µ-Law is used in North America and Japan.
Note: To run a mixture of µ-Law and A-Law interfaces, multiple DFXO cards are necessary.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 123
7. Select the DFXO Impedance
This option sets the DFXO line termination impedance and the hybrid balance impedance to the same
value.
Selection
Description
600 Ω
Standard equipment impedance
600 Ω + 2.16 uF
Standard equipment impedance with low frequency roll-off
900 Ω
Typically used on loaded cable pairs
900 Ω + 2.16 uF
Typically used on loaded cable pairs with low frequency roll-off
TN12
Standard complex impedance for Australia
TBR21
Widely deployed complex impedance
BT3
Standard complex impedance for New Zealand
BT Network
Standard complex impedance for UK
China
Standard complex impedance for China
Default
On a short line (< 100 metres), the selected impedance should match the impedance of the
exchange line card.
On a long line (> 1000 metres), the selected impedance should match the impedance of the
exchange line card as seen through the line.
If you are not sure what the expected impedance value should be, check with the exchange
equipment supplier.
8. Enable the DFXO Echo Canceller if required.
The DFXO Echo Canceller provides up to 64 ms of echo cancellation. This feature is only available on
Rev D (and later) DFXO cards.
Analogue data devices e.g. modems send a disable signal to disable any echo canceller in circuit while
it trains its own echo canceller. There are two possible disable signals. ITU G.164 specifies a disable
signal of a single 2100 Hz tone and ITU G.165 specifies a disable signal of 2100 Hz tone with phase
reversals every 450 ms.
Selection
Description
Off
No echo canceller operation.
On
Echo canceller operational but without disabling.
Auto Disable
G.164
Echo canceller operational with automatic disabling using ITU
G.164 2100 Hz tone.
Auto Disable
G.165
Echo canceller operational with automatic disabling using ITU
G.165 2100 Hz tone with phase reversals every 450 ms.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Default
124 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
9. Set the DFXO Loop Current Limiter.
This option turns on a current limiter which limits the maximum current that can be drawn from the
exchange line card by the DFXO interface.
As a general rule, only one interface should current limit so if the exchange interface current limits,
the DFXO interface should be set to current limit off.
Selection
Description
Off
Use if the exchange line interface uses current limiting.
On (60 mA)
Use if the exchange line interface does not use current limiting.
The DFXO limits the line loop current to 60 mA.
Default
Note: The DFXO provides an early warning over current alarm ‘fxoCurrentOvld’ if the loop current
exceeds 100 mA for 2 seconds. This alarm clears when the loop current is less than 90 mA.
The DFXO also provides an over current safety shut down limit which removes its line loop if the loop
current exceeds 160 mA.
10. Select the DFXO Billing Tone Frequency.
This option sets the frequency of billing tone detection. If you are not sure what the expected
frequency of the billing tone should be, check with the exchange equipment supplier.
Selection
Description
12 kHz
Use if the exchange outputs 12 kHz billing tone
16 kHz
Use if the exchange outputs 16 kHz billing tone
Default
11. The DFXO Billing Tone Advanced sets the billing tone Bandwidth and the billing tone Level Sensitivity.
The DFXO billing tone Bandwidth determines the bandwidth of the band pass filter that is used by the
billing tone detector in terms of +/- % of the billing tone frequency.
The adjustment range is +/- 1.5% to +/- 7.5% and the default value is +/- 5.0%.
The DFXO billing tone Level Sensitivity determines the DFXO detection sensitivity.
The adjustment range is 0 dB (metering detection threshold of -17 dBm measured across 200 ) to 27
dB (metering detection threshold of -40 dBm measured across 200 ) in 1 dB steps and the default
value is 0 dB.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 125
12. Select the DFXO On Hook Speed.
This option sets the slope of the transition between off-hook and on-hook.
Selection
Description
< 500 μs
Off-hook to on-hook slope of < 500 μs
3 ms
Off-hook to on-hook slope of 3 ms ± 10% that meets ETSI standard
25 ms
Off-hook to on-hook slope of 25 ms± 10% used to reduce transient
interference in copper cable
Default
13. Select the DFXO ringer Impedance.
This option sets the DFXO ringing input impedance as seen by a sine wave ringing signal applied to the
DFXO 2 wire port at the frequency of ringing.
Selection
Description
>1M
DFXO input impedance to ringing of > 1 M
> 12 kΩ
DFXO input impedance to ringing of > 12 kΩ
Default
14. Select the DFXO ringer Detection Threshold.
This option sets the DFXO ringing detect threshold.
Selection
Description
16 Vrms
DFXO detects ringing voltages of 16 Vrms or greater (does not
detect ringing below 13 Vrms)
26 Vrms
DFXO detects ringing voltages of 26 Vrms or greater (does not
detect ringing below 19 Vrms)
49 Vrms
DFXO detects ringing voltages of 49 Vrms or greater (does not
detect ringing below 40 Vrms)
Default
It is recommended that the ringer Detection Threshold be set to 49 Vrms if a DFXO ringer impedance
of > 12 kΩ is selected.
Note: The Signalling Mode is set in the Cross Connections application (see page 171).
Aprisa XE User Manual
126 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
15. The DFXO Signalling Advanced options are used to control the four CAS bits ABCD in the DFXO to DFXS
direction of transmission and one CAS bit A in the DFXS to DFXO direction of transmission. This option
sets the signalling for both DFXO card ports.
Transparent Normal mode is used for normal traffic and Transparent Inverted mode can be used for
special signalling requirements when a function needs to be reversed e.g. to change the idle polarity
of the DFXS line feed voltage.
Forced modes are used to disable particular functions e.g. when polarity reversals are not required.
They can also be used for system testing e.g. to apply DFXO continuous off hook
Selection
Description
Transparent Normal
Normal transparent transmission of the CAS bit
Transparent
Inverted
Transparent transmission of the CAS bit but inverts the
polarity.
Forced Normal
Sets the CAS bit to 1.
Forced Inverted
Sets the CAS bit to 0.
Default
From DFXO to DFXS
CAS Bit
Forced Normal
Forced Inverted
A bit (fault)
Sets the CAS A bit to 1
continuous fault state
Sets the CAS A bit to 0
no fault state
B bit (ring)
Sets the CAS B bit to 1
no DFXS ringing output.
Sets the CAS B bit to 0
continuous DFXS ringing output.
C bit (billing)
Sets the CAS C bit to 1
no DFXS billing tone output.
Sets the CAS C bit to 0
continuous DFXS billing tone
output.
D bit (reversal)
Sets the CAS D bit to 1
no DFXS polarity reversal
Sets the CAS D bit to 0
continuous DFXS polarity reversal
CAS Bit
Forced Normal
Forced Inverted
A bit (off hook)
Sets the CAS A bit to 1
no DFXO off hook
Sets the CAS A bit to 0
continuous DFXO off hook
DFXS to DFXO
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 127
QJET to DFXS
CAS Bit
Forced Normal
Forced Inverted
A bit (ring)
Sets the CAS A bit to 1
no DFXS ringing output.
Sets the CAS A bit to 0
continuous DFXS ringing output.
B bit (na)
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
C bit (na)
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
D bit (na)
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
CAS Bit
Forced Normal
Forced Inverted
A bit (off hook)
Sets the CAS A bit to 1
Idle state to E1 port
Sets the CAS A bit to 0
Off hook state to E1 port
From DFXS to QJET
16. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
128 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
QV24 Serial Interface Card
There are two modes of operation of the QV24 Serial Interface Card; QV24 asynchronous and QV24S
synchronous. The mode is changed with the Slot Summary.
Changing the QV24 mode changes all four ports on the interface card.
To change the QV24 mode:
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Slot Summary, then select the QV24 interface slot and
click Configure Slot.
2. Select the QV24 mode required with Expected.
3. Select the QV24 mode required with Change Type To and click Apply.
4. Reboot the terminal with a Hard Reboot (see ‘Rebooting the Terminal’ on page 233).
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 129
QV24 Port Settings
A QV24 interface is always configured as a DCE.
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Interface Summary, then select the QV24 interface and
click Configure Interface.
2. Select the QV24 port to configure, and click Edit.
'Slot' shows the slot the QV24 interface card is plugged into in the terminal.
'Port' shows the interface port number (1-4).
‘Baud Rate’ shows the current baud rate assigned to the port by the cross connect.
‘Loopback’ loops back the port data to the customer (default is no loopback).
3. Set the number of Data Bits (default is 8 bits).
4. Set the number of Stop Bits (default is 1 bit).
5. Set the number of Parity Bits (default is 0 bits).
6. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Tip: The Quick Links box provides links to other related pages.
Aprisa XE User Manual
130 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
QV24S Port Settings
There are two modes of operation of the QV24S synchronous, synchronous and over sampling modes.
A QV24S interface is always configured as a DCE.
Synchronous Mode
In synchronous mode, interface data is synchronously mapped to radio capacity using proprietary subrate
multiplexing. QV24S interfaces are required at both ends of the circuit.
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Interface Summary, then select the QV24S interface and
click Configure Interface.
2. Select the QV24S port to configure, and click Edit.
'Slot' shows the slot the QV24S interface card is plugged into in the terminal.
'Port' shows the interface port number (1-4).
‘Baud Rate’ shows the current baud rate assigned to the port by the cross connect.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 131
3. The CTS Source defines the mode in which the CTS signal responds to the remote DTE. Three options
are available:
CTS Source
Function
Remote RTS
The local CTS follows the remote RTS signal.
In the case of radio link failure (when cross connected over
the link) the signal goes to OFF.
Local RTS
The local CTS signal follows the local RTS.
The status of the link does not impact on the CTS signal.
On Permanent
The local CTS is in a permanent ON (+ve) state.
This does not go to OFF if the link fails.
Note that the CTS behaviour is not impacted by the operation of the card loopbacks.
4. The Sample Data On defines the received clock edge on which the received data is clocked into the
port. Two options are available:
Sample Data On
Function
Falling Clock Edge
The falling edge of the XTXC is used to clock data into the
port.
Rising Clock Edge
The rising edge of the XTXC is used to clock data into the
port.
5. ‘Loopback’ loops back the port data to the customer (default is no loopback).
6. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Over Sampling Mode
In over sampling mode, 64 kbit/s of radio capacity is allocated to the circuit and the incoming interface
data is sampled at a fixed 64 kHz. This timeslot can be cross connected to an E1 or T1. This over sampling
mode can be operated up to 19.2 kbit/s.
There will be some unavoidable distortion in mark space ratios (jitter) of the transported V.24 circuit. This
effect will become progressively more significant as the baud rate of the V.24 circuit increases or the
number of data conversions increases.
In over sampling mode, the DTE clock input is not used and there is no DCE output clock available.
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Interface Summary, then select the QV24S interface and
click Configure Interface.
Aprisa XE User Manual
132 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
2. Select the QV24S port to configure, and click Edit.
'Slot' shows the slot the QV24S interface card is plugged into in the terminal.
'Port' shows the interface port number (1-4).
A Baud Rate of ‘OVRSAMP’ indicates that the QV24S has been configured for synchronous over
sampling mode in the Cross Connections application.
3. The CTS Source defines the mode in which the CTS signal responds to the remote DTE. Two options
are available:
CTS Source
Function
Local RTS
The local CTS signal follows the local RTS.
The status of the link does not impact on the CTS signal.
On Permanent
The local CTS is in a permanent ON (+ve) state.
This does not go to OFF if the link fails.
Note that the CTS behaviour is not impacted by the operation of the card loopbacks.
4. The Sample Data On defines the received clock edge on which the received data is clocked into the
port. Two options are available:
5.
Sample Data On
Function
Falling Clock Edge
The falling edge of the XTXC is used to clock data into the
port.
Rising Clock Edge
The rising edge of the XTXC is used to clock data into the
port.
‘Loopback’ loops back the port data to the customer (default is no loopback).
6. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 133
HSS Port Settings
1. Select Link or Local or Remote > Interface > Interface Summary, then select HSS (High-speed
Synchronous Serial) interface and click Configure Interface.
'Slot' shows the slot the HSS interface card is plugged into in the terminal (A – H).
'Mode' shows the interface mode provided by the HSS interface (either DTE or DCE). If there is no
interface cable plugged into the HSS port, the ‘Mode’ will show ‘No Cable’.
'Serial Mode' shows interface type provided by the HSS interface (X.21, V.35 etc). If there is no
interface cable plugged into the HSS port, the ‘Serial Mode’ will show ‘None’.
‘Baud Rate (kbit/s)’ shows the current baud rate assigned to the port by the cross connect.
‘Loopback’ loops back the port data to the customer (default is no loopback).
‘Synchronous Clock Selection’ shows the current clocking mode assigned to the port by the cross
connect.
2. Set the HSS RTS CTS Mode as required.
The RTS CTS mode controls the state of the outgoing interface RTS CTS control line.
When the HSS interface is DCE, the outgoing control line is CTS. When the HSS interface is DTE, the
outgoing control line is RTS.
Note: Refer to ‘HSS Handshaking and Clocking’ on page 135 for additional information on setting the
recommended handshaking mode for each application.
3. Set the HSS DSR DTR Mode as required.
The DSR DTR mode controls the state of the outgoing interface DSR DTR control line.
When the HSS interface is DCE, the outgoing control line is DSR. When the HSS interface is DTE, the
outgoing control line is DTR.
Aprisa XE User Manual
134 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
4. Set the HSS DCD Mode as required.
The DCD mode controls the state of the outgoing interface DCD control line.
This setting is only relevant if the HSS interface is DCE.
5. Enable or disable the HSS XTxC control, as required.
Depending on the clocking mode (see ‘HSS Handshaking and Clocking’ on page 135) selected, altering
this setting will allow the terminal clock to be substituted for the external XTxC signal.
6. Click Apply to apply changes or Reset to restore the previous configuration.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 135
HSS Handshaking and Clocking Modes
This section provides detailed information on selecting the recommended HSS handshaking and clocking
modes for the HSS interface card (see ‘HSS port settings’ on page 133).
HSS Handshaking and Control Line Function
HSS X.21 Compatibility
In general X.21 usage, the C and I wires function as handshaking lines analogous to RTS/CTS handshakes.
For switched carrier applications, the I wire is used to emulate carrier indications (DCD) function.
HSS RTS / CTS Mode
Set the RTS CTS Mode as required according to the table below. This field controls the state of the
outgoing interface control line.
When the HSS interface is DCE, the outgoing control line is CTS.
When the HSS interface is DTE, the outgoing control line is RTS.
RTS CTS Mode
HSS as a DCE
HSS as a DTE
Comment
Always Off
CTS driven to off state
RTS driven to off state
Always On
CTS driven to on state
RTS driven to on state
Follows
Carrier
CTS follows the state of
the RF link
RTS follows the state
of the RF link
To follow carrier is to indicate
the state of synchronization of
the RF link
Follows
Carrier +
Remote
RTS/CTS
CTS follows the state of
the RF link and the
remote terminal RTS
input control line if the
remote is a DCE. If the
remote HSS is a DTE,
then CTS follows the
state of the RF link and
the remote HSS CTS
input.
RTS follows the state
of the RF link and the
remote terminal RTS
input control line. The
remote HSS can only be
a DCE.
Control line pass-through mode
where RTS and CTS are carried
over the link from end to end.
The carrier (as above) plus the
remote terminal input control
line must be present to output
the local control line signal.
The HSS Control bit in the Cross
Connections application must
be set for the remote signalling
to operate.
Follows
Carrier +
Remote DCD
CTS follows the state of
the RF link if the remote
HSS is a DCE. If the
remote HSS is a DTE,
then CTS follows the
state of the RF link and
the remote HSS DCD
input control line.
Aprisa XE User Manual
This setting is only applicable
when the local HSS card in the
local terminal is a DCE. The HSS
Control bit in the Cross
Connections application must
be set for the remote signalling
to operate.
136 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
HSS DSR / DTR Mode
Set the DSR DTR Mode as required according to the table below. This field controls the state of the
outgoing interface control line.
When the HSS interface is DCE, the outgoing control line is DSR
When the HSS interface is DTE, the outgoing control line is DTR
DSR DTR Mode
HSS as a DCE
HSS as a DTE
Comment
Always Off
DSR driven to off state
DTR driven to off state
Always On
DSR driven to on state
DTR driven to on state
Follows Carrier
DSR follows the state of
the RF link
DTR follows the state
of the RF link
To follow carrier is to indicate
the state of synchronization of
the RF link.
Follows Carrier
+ Remote
DSR/DTR
DSR follows the state of
the RF link and the
remote terminal DSR
control line if the
remote terminal is a
DTE, or the remote DTR
if the remote terminal is
a DCE.
DTR follows the state
of the RF link and the
remote terminal DTR
control line if the
remote terminal is a
DCE. The remote HSS
can only be a DCE.
Control line pass-through mode
where DSR and DTR are carried
over the link from end to end.
The carrier (as above) plus the
remote terminal input control
line must be present to output
the local control line signal.
The HSS Control bit in the Cross
Connections application must
be set for the remote signalling
to operate.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 137
HSS DCD Mode
Set the DCD Mode as required according to the table below. This setting is only relevant in DCE mode.
DCD Mode
HSS as a DCE
HSS as a DTE
Comment
Always Off
DCD driven to off state
NOT applicable
Always On
DCD driven to on state
Follows Carrier +
Remote DCD
DCD follows the state of
the RF link and the remote
terminal DCD input control
line if the remote HSS is a
DTE. If the remote
terminal is a DCE, then
DCD only follows the state
of the RF link.
Control line pass-through
mode where DCD is
carried over the link from
end to end. The carrier
(as above) plus the
remote terminal input
control line must be
present to output the
local control line signal.
The HSS Control bit in the
Cross Connections
application must be set
for the remote signalling
to operate.
Follows Carrier +
Remote RTS
DCD follows the state of
the RF link and the remote
terminal RTS input control
line when the remote HSS
is a DCE.
For switched carrier
applications this provides
RTS-DCD pass through
(DCE to DCE
configuration) and DCDDCD pass-through (DTE to
DCE configuration).
Set the XTxC Enabled control as required. Depending on the synchronous clock selection mode selected,
disabling XTxC will allow the terminal clock to be substituted for the external XTxC signal.
Aprisa XE User Manual
138 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
HSS Synchronous Clock Selection Modes
The following section describes in detail each of the recommended HSS Synchronous Clock Selection
modes for both DTE to DCE and DCE to DCE modes of operation.
The HSS clocking can be configured for clocking types of Internal clocking, pass-through clocking, and
primary / secondary master clocking. The topology of the client network determines the clock mode that
is used.
Note: Modes 3 and 4 provide only physical layer support, not X.21 protocol support.
Terminal 1 HSS as a DTE and terminal 2 HSS as a DCE - ‘Pipe Mode’
Mode
Synchronous Clock Selection mode
Clocking Type
Internal Clocks – No overhead
Not supported
RxC + XTxC – 40 kbit/s overhead
Not supported
RxC + TxC – 56 kbit/s overhead
Pass-through clocking
RxC (X.21) – 40 kbit/s overhead
Pass-through clocking (X.21 only)
RxC (X.21) – No overhead
Not supported
XTxC
Not supported
RxC
RxC – No overhead
RxC
RxC - 40 kbit/s overhead
RxC – 40 kbit/s overhead
Primary/ Secondary Master clocking
Pass-through clocking
Terminal 1 HSS as a DCE and terminal 2 HSS as a DCE - ‘Cloud Mode’
Mode
Synchronous Clock Selection mode
Clocking Type
Internal Clocks – No overhead
Internal clocking
RxC + XTxC– 40 kbit/s overhead
Not supported
RxC + TxC– 56 kbit/s overhead
Not supported
RxC (X.21) – 40 kbit/s overhead
Not supported
RxC (X.21) – No overhead
XTxC
RxC
RxC – No overhead
Not supported
RxC
RxC - 40 kbit/s overhead
Not supported
Internal clocking (X.21 only)
RxC – 40 kbit/s overhead
Aprisa XE User Manual
Pass-through clocking
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 139
HSS Clocking Types
HSS internal clocking
Internal clocking relies on the (highly accurate) terminal system clock, that is, it does not allow for any
independent clocks coming in from client equipment.
For this mode, all incoming clocks must be slaved to a clock emanating from the HSS card.
HSS pass-through clocking
The HSS card is capable in hardware of passing two clocks from one side of a link to the other. Passing a
clock means that the difference between the client clock(s) and the terminal clock is transferred across
the link continuously. Passing a single clock in each direction requires 40 kbit/s additional link overhead,
passing two clocks from DTE to DCE requires 56 kbit/s overhead, whereas relying on internal clocking
requires no overhead.
Network topology determines if passing a clock makes sense. Passing a clock is used where a client's
incoming clock must be kept independent of the clock sourced by the HSS card. The only time it makes
sense to pass two clocks is when a client DCE in one of the HSS modes provides two independent clocks,
that is, the HSS is set to Clock Mode 2.
Pass-through clocking does not require using the HSS incoming clock as a Primary or Secondary master
clock for the link, but does not preclude it either.
HSS primary / secondary master clocking
When implementing an external clock master, all other interfaces in the terminal and internal system
timings are slaved to this external clock. The remote terminal is also slaved to this master clock. This
master clock must be within 100 ppm of the accuracy of the terminal system clock, otherwise the terminal
will revert to using its internal clock. Ideally, the external clock should be much better than 100 ppm.
Mode 6 is offered for those network topologies that require RxC and TxC to be locked. For example, this is
useful when interworking with an Aprisa SE HSS interface.
Aprisa XE User Manual
140 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
HSS Clocking DTE to DCE ‘Pipe Mode’
DTE to DCE Mode 2: RxC + TxC - 56 kbit/s overhead (Pass-through clocking)
DTE
clocks
used
DCE
clocks
used
RxC and
TxC
RxC and
TxC
Clock passing
Comment
56 kbit/s of overhead is used to
transport RxC and TxC from HSS
DTE to HSS DCE.
This is the preferred dual external
clock system.
Both clocks travel in the same
direction from DTE to DCE. This
mode is used when it is important
that the externally supplied RxC and
TxC are maintained independently.
This is almost only required in
cascaded (that is, multi-link)
networks.
This mode cannot be used in
conjunction with any interface
conversion to / from X.21.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 141
DTE to DCE Mode 3: RxC (X.21) - 40 kbit/s overhead (Pass-through clocking)
DTE clocks
used
DCE clocks
used
RxC
RxC
DTE to DCE Mode 6: RxC
DTE clocks
used
DCE clocks
used
RxC and
TxC
RxC and
TxC
Clock passing
40 kbit/s of overhead used to
transport RxC from the DTE to
DCE.
Comment
Preferred option for X.21.
RxC - No overhead (Primary/ Secondary Master clocking)
Clock passing
The DTE XTxC is derived from
the RxC and is used to generate
the terminal external clock.
The DCE generates RxC and TxC
from the terminal clock.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Comment
HSS becomes the External master
clock, avoiding explicit clock
passing, but foregoing the use of
passing a clock in either direction
(Modes 1, 5).
The DTE HSS card must be set as
the External clock for the
terminal.
142 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
DTE to DCE Mode 7: RxC
DTE clocks
used
DCE clocks
used
RxC and
TxC
RxC and
TxC
RxC - 40 kbit/s overhead (Pass-through clocking)
Clock passing
40 kbit/s of overhead used to
transfer RxC from the DTE to
the DCE RxC and TxC.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Comment
Receiver derived clock system.
Configuring the Traffic Interfaces | 143
HSS Clocking DCE to DCE ‘Cloud Mode’
DCE to DCE Mode 0: Internal clocks – No overhead (internal clocking)
DCE clocks
used
RxC, TxC,
XTxC
Clock passing
Both RxC and TxC are derived from
the terminal clock.
Comment
Default setting. All clocks sourced
internally. XTxC will be used if it is
detected.
Aprisa XE User Manual
144 | Configuring the Traffic Interfaces
DCE to DCE Mode 4: RxC (X.21) - No overhead (internal clocking)
DCE clocks
used
RxC
Clock passing
RxC is derived from the terminal
clock.
DCE to DCE Mode 5: XTxC
DCE clocks
used
RxC, TxC,
XTxC
Comment
Suggested for X.21 Cloud Configuration.
Single clock X.21 system.
RxC - 40 kbit/s overhead (Pass-through clocking)
Clock passing
Comment
XTxC is transported to RxC and TxC in
both directions
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 145
10. Cross Connections
Embedded Cross Connect Switch
The embedded cross-connect switch distributes capacity to each of the interfaces.
Traffic can be distributed to any of the possible 32 interface ports as well as the integrated Ethernet
interface. This provides the flexibility to reconfigure traffic as the network demand changes, or groom
user traffic onto E1 / T1 bearers between equipment.
The maximum number of simultaneous cross connections per terminal is 256. During cross connection
activation, a progress bar shows the number of ports that have activated.
Link Capacity Utilization
Cross connections are able to utilize all of the available capacity of the link on lower capacity radio links
(< 2048 kbit/s gross capacity, i.e. up to 500 kHz, 16 QAM). However, as higher capacity radio links
allocate bandwidth for E1 / T1 timeslot connections on 64 kbit/s boundaries, some capacity may be
unusable (< 64 kbit/s).
The Cross Connections Application
The Cross Connections application is a software application that is used to:
manage the cross connections switches within the terminals
create cross connections between the traffic interface ports within one terminal or between the
near end and far end terminals via the radio bearer
create cross connections between symmetrical traffic interface ports with the symmetrical
connection wizard
get the current cross connection configuration from the terminal
send and activate the cross connection configuration
save and load configuration files
The Cross Connections System Requirements
The Cross Connections application requires the following minimum PC requirements:
1024 x 768 screen resolution
Ethernet interface
Java Virtual Machine
146 | Cross Connections
Installing the Cross Connections Application
The Cross Connections application is usually started directly from SuperVisor without the need for
installation.
However, if you want to use the Cross Connections application offline (without any connection to the
terminals), you can install it on your PC. Working offline enables you to simulate new cards or terminal
capacities. The cross connections can then be configured and the resulting configuration file saved for
later deployment.
To install the Cross Connections application on your PC, navigate to the Cross Connect directory on the
supplied CD and copy the application (ccapp_exe_x_x_x.jar where x is the version) to a suitable place on
your PC hard disk.
Your PC 'File Types' must associate a *.jar file with the Executable Jar File so that when the *.jar file is
clicked on (or double clicked on), it will be executed with Javaw.exe. If clicking on (or double clicking on)
the jar file does not bring up the Cross Connections application, the 'File Types' needs to be setup in your
PC.
Go to 'My Computer / Tools / Folder Options / File Types’ and click 'New'.
Type 'Jar' in the 'File Extension' box and click OK.
Click 'Change' and 'Select a program from a list'
Select 'Javaw.exe' and click OK.
Opening the Cross Connections Application
To open the Cross Connections application from within SuperVisor:
Select Link > Interface > Cross Connections
To open the Cross Connections application without SuperVisor:
Navigate to the installed cross connections application file C-capp_exe_8_6_7.jar and double click on it.
Note: This assumes that you have copied the cross connections application to your PC so you can work
offline (without any connection to the terminals).
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 147
The Cross Connections Page
The Cross Connections page is split into two panes with each pane displaying one terminal. The local
terminal is displayed in the left pane and the remote terminal is displayed in the right pane.
The local terminal is defined as the terminal that SuperVisor is logged into (not necessarily the near end
terminal).
The cards displayed depend on the type of cards and where they are inserted in the chassis.
To view all the ports for each interface card, click on the expand all ports button
Tool Tips are available by holding the mouse pointer over objects on the screen.
Total Assigned Link Capacity
The current total assigned capacity (radio link and drop and insert) is shown (in kbit/s) beside the
terminal name and IP address:
148 | Cross Connections
Radio Link and Local Drop And Insert Capacity
At the bottom of the Cross Connections page, the capacity pane displays the Radio and Local drop and
insert capacities for both the local and remote terminals.
The Radio Capacity field shows the available radio link capacity (6032 kbit/s shown) and the shaded bar
graph shows the capacity used for cross connections over the radio link (2600 kbit/s) between the
terminals as a percentage of the total capacity of the radio link (30 % used).
The total capacity of the radio link is determined by the channel size and the modulation type of the radio
link.
The Local Capacity field shows the available capacity for local or drop and insert cross connections (52392
kbit/s shown) and the shaded bar graph shows the capacity used for local cross connections (4512 kbit/s)
as a percentage of the total local capacity (7 % used).
The total local capacity is 65536 kbit/s minus the used radio capacity.
Tool tip messages show the breakdown of the radio and local capacity usage:
The following is an example of the messages shown:
Radio Capacity
Radio Bandwidth Usage (over the air)
8632 kbit/s total
2600 kbit/s used (30%) of total radio capacity
6032 kbit/s free
Local Capacity
Local capacity usage (for connecting ports on the same terminal)
65536 kbit/s total
8632 kbit/s reserved for radio (13%) of total local capacity
4512 kbit/s used for local (7%) of total local capacity
52392 kbit/s free
Tip: On a screen set to 1024 by 768 resolution, this capacity information may be obscured by the task bar
if the Windows task bar is docked at the bottom of the screen. To view the capacity pane clearly, either
shift the task bar to another screen edge, make it auto-hide, or increase the screen resolution.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 149
Cross Connections Toolbar
The cross connections toolbar has buttons for commonly-used functions.
Button
Explanation
Saves the cross connection configuration file to disk. The button turns amber when
you have made changes that have not yet been saved.
Gets the cross connection configuration from the local and remote terminals.
Saves the cross connection configuration to the local and remote terminals. The
button turns amber when you have made changes that have not yet been sent to
the terminal.
Activates the cross connections on the local and remote terminals. Turns amber
when there are cross connections that have been sent but not yet activated.
Expands all the ports for all the interface cards.
Collapses all the ports for all the interface cards.
Opens the symmetrical connections wizard.
Setting the Terminal's IP Address
If the Cross Connections application is launched from SuperVisor, the terminal IP addresses are set
automatically by SuperVisor, but if the application is launched from your PC independent of SuperVisor,
you will need to set the application Local and Remote IP addresses to the addresses of the Local and
Remote terminals you wish to connect to.
To set the application local or remote IP address:
1. Right-click over the terminal name or IP address and select Set Address.
2. Select Local or Remote > Set Address
3. Enter the IP address of the terminal in the dialog box and click OK.
150 | Cross Connections
Management and User Ethernet Capacity
The maximum ethernet capacity of an Aprisa XE terminal is dependant on the motherboard version:
Motherboard Version
Maximum Ethernet Capacity
Rev C
32768 kbit/s
Rev D
49152 kbit/s
The maximum ethernet capacity available is the lesser of the maximum ethernet capacity or the available
radio link capacity.
The management ethernet capacity and user ethernet capacity must be identical on both terminals for the
ethernet link to work correctly.
Management Ethernet Capacity
A management ethernet cross connection between the local and remote terminals is created
automatically using the default capacity of 64 kbit/s (connection number = 1). This connection is
essential for remote terminal management communication.
The minimum management ethernet capacity requirement for correct management operation over the
radio link is 8 kbit/s but if the terminal in on a network with large numbers of broadcast packets, the
management may not be able to function.
The management capacity must be set in multiples of 8 kbit/s and the maximum assignable is 64 kbit/s.
User Ethernet Capacity
A user ethernet cross connection between the local and remote terminals is created automatically using
the default capacity of 0 kbit/s (connection number = 2).
The user ethernet capacity must be set in multiples of 8 kbit/s.
The maximum user ethernet capacity available is the maximum ethernet capacity available minus the
management ethernet capacity setting.
To set the management ethernet or the user ethernet capacity:
Enter the required kbit/s in the local terminal capacity field. The associated remote terminal capacity
field will update automatically.
The red numbers, in the mapping connection boxes, are known as connection numbers and are allocated
automatically by the Cross Connections application.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 151
Setting Card Types
Note: You only need to do this when creating configurations offline (that is, there is no connection to the
terminal). When you are connected to the terminal, the Cross Connections application automatically
detects the card types fitted in the terminal slots.
You can specify the card type for any of the slots (A-H).
1. Right-click a slot.
2. Select Card Type and then select the interface card.
Getting Cross Connection Configuration from the Terminals
You can get the entire existing cross connection configuration from the terminals.
1. Download the existing cross connections (if any) from the local and remote terminals by clicking ‘Get
cross connection configuration from terminal’.
152 | Cross Connections
Creating Cross Connections
Point to point cross connections
Three examples of point to point cross connections are shown below:
Example 1
One 2 wire DFXO interface on the near end terminal slot E port 1 is cross connected via the radio link to a
2 wire DFXS on the far end terminal slot E port 1. This cross connection includes the four bits of signalling
(ABCD bits) but as the DFXO / DFXS signalling is configured for 'multiplexed', the four bits are multiplexed
into one bit over the radio link. This cross connection uses 72 kbit/s of radio link capacity, 64 kbit/s for
the voice and 8 kbit/s for the signalling bit.
The port 2s of the same DFXO / DFXS cards are cross connected using the same method.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 153
Example 2
One 2 wire DFXS interface on the near end terminal slot E port 1 is cross connected via the radio link to a
framed E1 on the far end terminal slot D port 1 in timeslot 1. This cross connection includes four bits of
signalling as the DFXS signalling is configured as 'non-multiplexed signalling' (ABCD bits). This cross
connection uses 96 kbit/s of radio link capacity, 64 kbit/s for the voice and 32 kbit/s for the signalling
bits.
Another 2 wire DFXS interface on the near end terminal slot F port 1 is cross connected via the radio link
to a framed E1 on the far end terminal slot D port 1 in timeslot 2. This cross connection includes one bit of
signalling as the DFXS signalling is configured in '4 wire compatible' mode (A bit only). This cross
connection uses 40 kbit/s of radio link capacity, 32 kbit/s for the ADPCM voice and 8 kbit/s for the
signalling bit.
Example 3
One 2 wire DFXS interface on the near end terminal slot E port 1 is cross connected via the radio link to a
framed E1 on the far end terminal slot D port 1 in timeslot 1. This cross connection includes one bit of
signalling as the DFXS signalling is configured as 'multiplexed' signalling. This cross connection uses
72 kbit/s of radio link capacity, 64 kbit/s for the voice and 8 kbit/s for the signalling bit.
154 | Cross Connections
Local Drop and Insert Cross Connections
An example of a local drop and insert cross connection is shown below:
Two 4 wire E&M interfaces on the near end terminal slot C ports 3 & 4 are dropped out of a framed E1 on
the near end terminal slot D port 1 in timeslots 1 & 2. This cross connection includes one bit of signalling
(A bit).
Another two 4 wire E&M interfaces on the near end terminal slot C ports 1 & 2 are inserted into the radio
link to a framed E1 on the far end terminal slot D port 1 in timeslots 1 & 2. This cross connection includes
one bit of signalling (A bit).
The remaining framed E1 on the near end terminal slot D port 1 timeslots are transported over the radio
link to the framed E1 on the far end terminal slot D port 1. This cross connection includes four bits of
signalling (ABCD bits).
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 155
Sending Cross Connection Configuration to the Terminals
You can send the entire cross connection configuration to the terminals.
1. To send the new cross connection configuration into the terminals, click ‘Send cross connection
configuration to terminal’.
2. When the transfer is successfully complete, a message appears asking if you want to activate the
configuration now.
If you click Yes, a message appears showing the activation progress.
If you click No, you can activate the new cross connection configuration later by clicking ‘Activate
cross connection configuration’.
Saving Cross Connection Configurations
You can save the entire cross connection configuration to file so that you can restore it to the same link (if
this is ever required), or transfer it to another link if you want them to be identical.
1. Click on ‘Save cross connection configuration file to disk’ or select File > Save.
2. Navigate to the directory where you want to save the file, enter the filename in the dialog box and
then click Save.
3. Once you have specified a filename and a directory save any further changes by clicking Save.
Using Existing Cross Connection Configurations
To load a previously-saved cross connection configuration from an existing file:
1. Select File > Open.
2. Navigate to the file and select it, and then click Open.
156 | Cross Connections
Printing the Cross Connection Configuration
You can print out a summary of the cross connection configuration so that you can file it for future
reference. Using the printout, you can recreate the cross connection configuration.
If you don't have the configuration saved to disk see ‘Saving cross connection configurations’ on page 155,
or use it to review the cross connections without connecting to the terminal.
The cross connection configuration summary shows information for the local and remote terminals such
as:
The IP address and terminal name
The interface card fitted in each slot
How the ports are configured
To preview the cross connection configuration summary:
Select File > Preview Configuration Summary.
In this dialog box you can:
Save the summary to disk (as an HTML file) by clicking Save Summary As.
Print the summary by clicking Print.
Copy and paste the information into another application (for example, spreadsheet, email, and
word processor) by right-clicking over the summary and selecting Select All. Then right-click over
the summary again and select Copy.
To print the cross connection configuration summary:
Select File > Print Configuration Summary.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 157
Deleting Cross Connections
Note: It is not possible to delete the management and user Ethernet cross connections. These are made
automatically and are required for correct terminal operation.
To delete cross connections for an interface card:
1. Right-click over an interface card.
2. Select Delete All Connections on this Card.
To delete the cross connections associated with a particular port:
1. Right-click over a port.
2. Select Delete All Connections on this Port.
To delete all the cross connections for a terminal:
1. Right-click over the terminal name and IP address.
2. Select Delete All Connections on this Terminal.
158 | Cross Connections
Configuring the Traffic Cross Connections
Once you have configured the interface cards (see ‘Configuring the traffic interfaces’ on page 91), you can
configure the traffic cross connections between compatible interfaces.
Compatible Interfaces
Q4EM voice only
Q4EM with E&M
QV24 with signalling
DFXO
DFXS
HSS data
HSS signalling





















QJET T1 ESF - DMS


QJET T1 ESF - PTS


QJET T1 SF - DMS


QJET T1 Unframed
QJET T1 SF - PTS
QJET E1 Framed PCM 30


QJET E1 Unframed
QJET T1 Unframed


Ethernet (user)
QJET E1 Unframed

QJET E1 Framed PCM 30
Ethernet (management)
Ethernet (user)
QJET E1 Framed PCM 31
Ethernet (management)
QJET E1 Framed PCM 31
Cross connections can be made between any compatible interfaces of equal data rates. Compatible
interfaces are shown in the table below:




QJET T1 SF - PTS

QJET T1 SF - DMS

QJET T1 ESF - PTS

QJET T1 ESF - DMS
Q4EM voice only




Q4EM with E&M




QV24 with signalling




DFXO




DFXS




HSS data




HSS signalling




Aprisa XE User Manual











Cross Connections | 159
QJET Cross Connections
Expand the E1 / T1 display by clicking on the relevant icons.
The QJET card can operate in several modes allowing you greater flexibility in tailoring or grooming
traffic. The Data type selection are Off, E1, or T1 rates.
Note: An unframed E1 / T1 port requires 5 bits (or 40 kbit/s) of overhead traffic per port for
synchronization.
An unframed E1 port with 2048 kbit/s of traffic requires 2088 kbit/s of link capacity.
An unframed T1 port with 1544 kbit/s of traffic requires 1584 kbit/s of link capacity.
160 | Cross Connections
For each port that you want to put into service, choose the required mode (either Unframed or Framed):
Unframed Mode
Leave the Framed checkbox unticked.
Select the required Data type from the drop-down list E1 or T1.
Local drop and insert connections are not possible between Unframed E1 / T1 ports.
Framed Mode
Tick the Framed checkbox.
Select the required framed mode from the drop-down list:
Local drop and insert connections are possible between framed E1 ports on the same interface card or E1
ports on different interface cards.
Local drop and insert connections are possible between framed T1 ports on the same interface card or T1
ports on different interface cards.
Local drop and insert connections are not possible between framed E1 ports and framed T1 ports.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 161
E1 Framed Modes
Framed Mode
Description
E1 – PCM 30
Provides 30 timeslots to transport traffic. Timeslot 16 carries channel
associated signalling data (CAS).
E1 – PCM 31
Provides 31 timeslots to transport traffic. Timeslot 16 can be used for
common channel signalling or to transport traffic.
E1 – PCM 30C
Same as E1 – PCM 30 mode but supports CRC-4.
E1 – PCM 31C
Same as E1 – PCM 31 mode but supports CRC-4.
E1 CRC-4 (cyclic redundancy check) is used to ensure correct frame alignment and also used to gather E1
performance statistics e.g. Errored Seconds (ES), Severely Errored Seconds (SES).
The first three bits of timeslot 0 NFAS (bits 0,1 & 2) and all of timeslot 0 FAS are not transported across
the link, but rather terminated and regenerated at each terminal.
The last five bits of timeslot 0 NFAS (bits 3 – 7) are the National Use Bits (NUBs) which can be cross
connected locally or over the link.
E1 - PCM 30 mode
E1 - PCM 30 modes are used when access to the signalling bits (ABCD) is required, for example:
Splitting a PCM 30 E1 into two separate PCM 30 E1s
Cross connecting signalling from DFXS, DFXO or Q4EM interfaces into an PCM 30 E1
Drop and Insert connections between PCM 30 E1s
In PCM 30 / PCM 30C mode, the timeslot table left column is used to map timeslot bits and the timeslot
table right column is used to map CAS bits (ABCD) for signalling. Timeslot 16 is reserved to transport the
CAS multi frame.
One use of this mode is to connect the 4 wire E&M interfaces to third-party multiplexer equipment over
the E1 interface using CAS in TS16 to transport the E&M signalling.
To configure this mode correctly, you must have a detailed knowledge of the CAS signalling modes for the
third-party equipment to ensure the signalling bits are compatible and configured to interoperate.
E1 - PCM 31 mode
E1 - PCM 31 modes are used to cross connect timeslots bits without the signalling bits (ABCD).
TS16 can be cross connected between E1 ports (to transport the entire CAS multi frame) or used for
common channel signalling or to transport traffic.
The timeslot table left column is used to map timeslot bits but the timeslot table right column for CAS bits
(ABCD) is not used.
162 | Cross Connections
T1 Framed Modes
Framed Mode
Description
T1 SF - PTS
Provides 24 timeslots to transport traffic using the G.704 12 frame Super
Frame with Pass Thru Signalling (PTS). There is no CRC capability with the
SF.
T1 SF - DMS
Provides 24 timeslots to transport traffic using the G.704 12 frame Super
Frame with DeMultiplexed Signalling (CAS AB bits). There is no CRC
capability with the SF.
T1 ESF - PTS
Provides 24 timeslots to transport traffic using the G.704 24 frame Extended
Super Frame with Pass Thru Signalling (PTS) and CRC.
T1 ESF - DMS
Provides 24 timeslots to transport traffic using the G.704 24 frame Extended
Super Frame with DeMultiplexed Signalling (CAS ABCD bits) and CRC.
T1 SF - PTS mode
T1 SF - PTS mode provides 24 timeslots to transport traffic using the G.704 12 frame Super Frame without
demultiplexing the signalling.
Pass Thru Signalling provides cross connection of the entire framed T1 timeslot between T1 ports
(including the inherent robbed bit signalling). This is the most efficient method of transporting a framed
T1 over the radio link as no additional radio link capacity is required to transport the signalling because
the CAS is not demultiplexed.
To maintain multi frame alignment between two framed T1 ports, a FPS (Frame Pattern Sync) bit is
required to be cross connected between the two framed T1 ports. This FPS bit requires an additional
8 kbit/s of radio link capacity.
The timeslot table left column is used to map timeslot bits but the timeslot table right column for CAS bits
(ABCD) is not used.
T1 SF - PTS mode is used when access to the signalling bits is not required but are transported between
T1s, for example:
Drop and Insert connections between Super Frame T1s or data interfaces
T1 SF – DMS mode
T1 SF – DMS mode provides 24 timeslots to transport traffic using the G.704 12 frame Super Frame with
four state demultiplexed signalling using the AB bits each with a bit rate of 333 bit/s.
DeMultiplexed Signalling allows the cross connection of framed T1 ports to other interface ports e.g. to a
Q4EM or HSS. An additional 8 kbit/s of radio link capacity is required to transport each CAS bit over the
radio link.
The mapping left column is used to map timeslot bits and the timeslot table right column is used to map
the CAS A&B bits for signalling (C&D bits are not used).
T1 SF – DMS mode is used when access to the signalling bits is required, for example:
Cross connecting signalling from a Q4EM interfaces into a 12 frame Super Framed T1.
Drop and Insert connections between Super Framed T1s or data interfaces
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 163
T1 ESF - PTS mode
T1 ESF - PTS mode provides 24 timeslots to transport traffic using the G.704 24 frame Extended Super
Frame without demultiplexing the signalling.
Pass Thru Signalling provides cross connection of the entire framed T1 timeslot between T1 ports
(including the inherent robbed bit signalling). This is the most efficient method of transporting a framed
T1 over the radio link as no additional radio link capacity is required to transport the signalling because
the CAS is not demultiplexed.
To maintain multi frame alignment between two framed T1 ports, a FPS (Frame Pattern Sync) bit is
required to be cross connected between the two framed T1 ports. This FPS bit requires an additional
8 kbit/s of radio link capacity.
The FDL (Facility Data Link) can be cross connected between the two framed T1 ports if required. This FDL
bit requires an additional 8 kbit/s of radio link capacity.
The timeslot table left column is used to map timeslot bits but the timeslot table right column for CAS bits
(ABCD) is not used.
T1 ESF - PTS mode is used when access to the signalling bits is not required but are transported between
T1s, for example:
Drop and Insert connections between 24 frame Extended Super Framed T1s or data interfaces
164 | Cross Connections
T1 ESF - DMS
T1 ESF - DMS mode provides 24 timeslots to transport traffic using the G.704 24 frame Extended Super
Frame with sixteen state demultiplexed signalling using the ABCD bits each with a bit rate of 333 bit/s.
DeMultiplexed Signalling allows the cross connection of framed T1 ports to other interface ports e.g. to a
Q4EM or HSS. An additional 8 kbit/s of radio link capacity is required to transport each CAS bit over the
radio link.
The FDL (Facility Data Link) can be cross connected between the two framed T1 ports if required. This FDL
bit requires an additional 8 kbit/s of radio link capacity.
The mapping left column is used to map timeslot bits and the timeslot table right column is used to map
the CAS ABCD bits for signalling.
T1 ESF - DMS mode is used when access to the signalling bits is required, for example:
Cross connecting signalling from DFXS, DFXO or Q4EM interfaces into a 24 frame Extended Super
Framed T1 using ‘non-multiplexed’ signalling from the interface.
Drop and Insert connections between 24 frame Extended Super Framed T1s or data interfaces
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 165
QJET Spare CAS Bit Control
The Aprisa XE can currently provide E1 CAS to DFXS circuits using the 1 bit '4 wire compatible' signalling
mode (uses the CAS A bit) but to enable some exchange DTIs to operate, the state of the spare CAS bits
sent to the exchange must be preset.
The available CAS bits can be preset to High (1) or Low (0) for the QJET framed modes of E1 - PCM30,
E1 - PCM30C, T1 SF - DMS and T1 ESF – DMS for all timeslots of the port.
To preset the spare CAS bits:
Right click on the CAS bit required to be set.
Select ‘Set High CAS Bit x’ or ‘Set Low CAS Bit x’.
The screen shot shows the standard configuration where the DFXS signalling using 1 bit '4 wire compatible'
signalling mode is mapped to the QJET CAS A bit and the ‘spare’ CAS bits are preset to the standard 1 bit
protocol spare bit pattern of BCD = 101.
166 | Cross Connections
Selecting and Mapping Bits and Timeslots
This section describes how to select and map:
a single bit
multiple bits
a 64 kbit/s timeslot
multiple timeslots
Selecting a Single Bit
Each timeslot is represented by 8 rectangles (each representing a single bit). Each bit can carry 8 kbit/s.
One or more consecutive bits can be selected in a timeslot if a rate of greater than 8 kbit/s is required.
1. Click on the rectangle that represents the bit you require. It will turn red.
2. Click and drag this bit to the rectangle representing the bit on the interface you want it to be
connected to, and release the mouse button.
The red rectangle will be replaced by the allocated connection number at each interface.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 167
Selecting Multiple Bits
It is possible to select multiple consecutive bits if circuit capacity of greater than 8 kbit/s is required.
1. Click the first bit, and then hold down the Ctrl key while selecting the remaining bits.
2. Click and drag the whole block by clicking the bit on the left hand side of your selection, and drag to
the required interface. Release the mouse button.
Tip: It is also possible to select multiple bits by holding down the Shift key, and dragging across the
required rectangles.
Differing numbers of bits display in different colors when the cross-connect is completed:
168 | Cross Connections
Selecting a 64 kbit/s Timeslot
1. Click on the TSX timeslot number (where X is the desired timeslot from 1 to 31).
Alternatively, right-click over any of the bits in the timeslot, and click on Select Timeslot.
2. Drag and drop in the normal way to complete the cross connection.
Selecting Multiple Non Consecutive Timeslots
1. Click on one TSn timeslot number (where n is the desired timeslot 1 to 31).
2. Hold down the Ctrl key while clicking on each of the required timeslot numbers.
3. Drag and drop in the normal way to complete the cross connection.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 169
Selecting Multiple Consecutive Timeslots
1. Click on the first TSn timeslot number (where n is the desired timeslot 1 to 31).
2. Hold down the Shift key while clicking on the last required timeslot number.
3. Drag and drop in the normal way to complete the cross connection.
Selecting All Timeslots in a Port
1. Right-click over any of the rectangles.
2. Click Select All.
170 | Cross Connections
Q4EM Cross Connections
1. Expand the Q4EM display by clicking the relevant
icon.
2. Set the Voice capacity by selecting 16, 24, 32, or 64 kbit/s rates.
3. Drag and drop from the Voice mapping connection box to the required partner interface to create the
voice cross connection.
4. If E&M signalling is required, drag and drop from the Signalling mapping connection box to the
required partner interface to create the E&M cross connection.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 171
DFXS and DFXO Cross Connections
1. On one side of the link, expand the DFXS display, as required, by clicking
2. On the other side of the link, expand the corresponding DFXO display, as required, by clicking
3. For the DFXS card and corresponding DFXO card, select the Signalling type as required, according to
the table below. The CAS signalling between DFXO / DFXS interfaces uses 4RF proprietary allocation of
control bits.
The Signalling type affects both ports of the DFXO / DFXS interface. If a mixture of signalling types is
required, then multiple DFXO / DFXS cards are needed.
Signalling
Application
Overhead
Multiplexed
(default)
Multiplexers the four ABCD bits from the interface into a single 8
kbit/s channel.
Use when interworking DFXO to DFXS, between an XE and a SE
radio or when limited bandwidth is available.
This signalling type cannot be used for interworking between
framed E1 / T1 and voice interfaces.
8 kbit/s
Non-multiplexed
Transports each of the four ABCD bits in separate 8 kbit/s
channels.
Use when interworking DFXO to DFXS, or when signalling bits are
mapped into an E1 / T1 timeslot.
32 kbit/s
4 wire compatible
1 bit CAS using only the A bit in both directions of transmission.
8 kbit/s
Use when interworking the DFXS to Q4EM, DFXO to Q4EM, DFXS to
DFXS or DFXS to QJET for DTI circuits.
4. Set the Voice capacity and create the Voice connection by dragging and dropping between the
mapping connection boxes of the DFXO and DFXS corresponding ports.
5. Link the Port Signalling connection by dragging and dropping between the mapping connection boxes
of the DFXO and DFXS corresponding ports. The DFXO / DFXS control signals (off hook, ring, etc) will
not function without this connection.
172 | Cross Connections
QV24 Cross Connections
1. Expand the QV24 displays, as required, by clicking the relevant
icons.
2. Select the Port Baud Rate as required (default is 9600).
3. Drag and drop to the required partner interface to create the V.24 Data connection.
If the partner interface is a QJET:
If the V.24 Baud Rate selected is 38400 is less, drag from the QV24 mapping connection box to the
QJET timeslot. The correct QJET capacity for the baud rate selected will automatically be
assigned.
If the V.24 Baud Rate selected is greater than 38400, select the QJET capacity required, as per the
following table, and drag from the QJET to the QV24 mapping connection box.
Baud Rate
Bits Required
Bit Rate
300 - 7200
16 kbit/s
9600 - 14400
24 kbit/s
19200 - 23040
32 kbit/s
28800
40 kbit/s
38400
48 kbit/s
57600
72 kbit/s
115200
16
128 kbit/s
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 173
QV24S Cross Connections
Synchronous Mode
1. Expand the QV24S displays, as required, by clicking the relevant
icons.
2. Select the Port Baud Rate as required (default is 9600).
3. Drag and drop to the required partner interface to create the V.24 Data connection.
If the partner interface is a QJET, drag from the QV24S mapping connection box to the QJET timeslot.
The correct QJET capacity for the baud rate selected will automatically be assigned.
Baud Rate
Bits Required
Bit Rate
300 - 4800
8 kbit/s
9600
16 kbit/s
19200
32 kbit/s
Over Sampling Mode
1. Expand the QV24S displays, as required, by clicking the relevant
icons.
2. Set the Port Baud Rate to OVR Sample.
3. Drag and drop to the required E1 / T1 partner interface to create the data connection.
174 | Cross Connections
HSS Cross Connections
1. Expand the HSS displays, as required, by clicking the relevant
icons.
2. Select the Synchronous Clock Selection mode (see ‘HSS Synchronous Clock Selection Modes’ on
page 138).
3. Set the Data rate to a value between 8 and 2048 (in multiples of 8 kbit/s).
The net data rate available to the user is defined by Data Rate – overhead
e.g. a date rate set to 2048 kbit/s with an overhead of 40 kbit/s provides a user data rate of
2008 kbit/s.
4. Drag and drop to the required partner interface to create the HSS Data connection.
If the partner interface is a QJET, select the capacity on the QJET and drag it to the HSS Data
mapping connection box.
The QJET capacity selected must be the sum of the data rate required plus the overhead rate
selected.
5. Drag and drop to the required partner interface to create the HSS Signalling cross connection. A
minimum of 8 kbit/s of capacity is required and must be set symmetrically at both ends of the link.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 175
Cross Connection Example
This is an example of cross connection mapping:
Circuit
Local port
Remote port
Radio management
User Ethernet
Capacity
(kbit/s)
Connection
numbers
64
1024
4 wire E&M circuit
Q4EM port 1
(slot C)
Q4EM port 1
(slot C)
72
7/15
Unframed E1 data
QJET port 1
(slot D)
QJET port 1
(slot D)
2088
65
Unframed T1 data
QJET port 2
(slot D)
QJET port 2
(slot D)
1584
66
2 wire loop
Interface
DFXO port 1
(slot E)
DFXS port 1
(slot E)
72
8/32
V.24 data circuit
9600
QV24 port 1
(slot G)
QV24 port 1
(slot G)
24
14
HSS data circuit
1024 kbit/s
HSS port 1
(slot H)
HSS port 1
(slot H)
1088
31/16
176 | Cross Connections
Symmetrical Connection Wizard
The Cross Connections application has a Symmetrical Connection Wizard which simplifies the cross
connection configuration when the terminals are fitted with symmetrical / matching interface types.
A symmetrical connection is a connection between the local and the remote terminal where the local slot,
card type, port and connection details are identical to those of the remote terminal.
The only exception is DFXO / DFXS connections where DFXO cards are considered to match DFXS cards (as
they normally interwork).
Framed E1 / T1 CAS connections, drop-and-insert connections, and connections that do not involve entire
timeslots, are considered to be asymmetrical.
Starting the Cross Connections Wizard
When starting the connection wizard with unsaved changes, the following popup dialog should appear
Click on 'Save' if you wish to save the current configuration to a file. Clicking on 'Continue' will continue
with the wizard and overwrite any changes made when the wizard finishes.
The wizard can be cancelled at any time by clicking on the 'Cancel' button or by closing the window.
Cross Connections Wizard Navigation
Click on the Next button to progress through the connection wizard. The current stage is indicated in the
navigation bar on the left. You can jump directly to a stage by clicking on the stage required.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 177
Setting the Cross Connections IP Address
If the local or remote terminal IP addresses have been setup, they will be displayed in the Local and
Remote fields. If the IP addresses are not displayed, enter the IP addresses of the local and remote
terminals.
Click on 'Get Configuration' to upload the existing cross connections configuration from the local terminal.
The Radio bandwidth bar will show the available bandwidth and will be updated as bandwidth is assigned
to cards.
Setting the Cross Connections Bandwidth
If the Cross Connections Application is opened from SuperVisor, the Total Capacity of the radio link will be
shown in the Bandwidth field.
If the Cross Connections Application is opened as a stand alone application, the Total Capacity of the radio
link will be need to be entered in the Bandwidth field.
The 'Remove asymmetrical connections' button will be active if there are existing asymmetrical cross
connections. If you want to remove existing asymmetrical cross connections, click on this button. The
Radio bandwidth bar will update accordingly.
178 | Cross Connections
Cross Connections Card Selection
If the Cross Connections Application is opened from SuperVisor, existing cards installed in the local
terminal that match cards installed in the remote terminal will be displayed. Mismatched cards will be
shown as 'Empty Slot'.
If the Cross Connections Application is opened as a stand alone application, select the card types that will
be fitted in the terminal.
To copy the card type selected in Slot A to all the other slots (B – H), click on the Copy
Card button. This assumes that the same interface card types are fitted in all the card
slots.
Aprisa XE User Manual
Cross Connections | 179
Cross Connections Interface Configurations
Setup the interface configurations as per the wizard instructions. Existing asymmetrical connections will
be replaced with symmetrical connections if an interface parameter is changed.
Q4EM
QJET
DFXO / DFXS
QV24
HSS
Ethernet
To copy the port configuration selected in Port 1 to all the other ports on the card,
click on the Copy Port button.
To copy the card configuration to all other cards of the same type fitted in the
terminal, click on the Copy Card button. This can save time when setting up multiple
cards of the same type.
180 | Cross Connections
Symmetrical Connection Summary
Click Finish.
Send Symmetrical Connection Configuration
Click OK to send the configuration to the terminals.
The process is completed.
Note: The wizard may change the connection numbers of existing connections.
Aprisa XE User Manual

Source Exif Data:

File Type                       : PDF
File Type Extension             : pdf
MIME Type                       : application/pdf
PDF Version                     : 1.5
Linearized                      : Yes
Author                          : Doug.Connor
Create Date                     : 2012:07:26 13:35:52+12:00
Modify Date                     : 2012:08:01 13:32:42-07:00
Tagged PDF                      : Yes
XMP Toolkit                     : Adobe XMP Core 4.2.1-c043 52.372728, 2009/01/18-15:08:04
Metadata Date                   : 2012:08:01 13:32:42-07:00
Creator Tool                    : Microsoft® Office Word 2007
Format                          : application/pdf
Title                           : Aprisa XE User Manual
Creator                         : Doug.Connor
Document ID                     : uuid:7219a1ec-865f-4f76-8a27-91c8de758f60
Instance ID                     : uuid:a41dbc5a-ca1d-422b-9287-428188d8db7a
Producer                        : Microsoft® Office Word 2007
Page Count                      : 182

EXIF Metadata provided by EXIF.tools

4RF N0700AAAA0000A Aprisa XE 700-bbb-vv User Manual Aprisa XE

4RF Limited Aprisa XE 700-bbb-vv Aprisa XE

Contents

User Manual 1

FCC ID Filing: UIPN0700AAAA0000A

Navigation menu

Namespaces

Views

Navigation