7signal ABG-EYE-APU2 Sapphire User Manual Deployment Guide

7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide

Deployment Guide

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7signal Sapphire
Deployment Guide
Release 3.0
7signal Ltd, Panuntie 6, FI-00620 HELSINKI, FINLAND, +358 40 777 7611, info@7signal.com, www.7signal.com
Preface
Document scope
This document is aimed for people that shall manage and configure 7signal Sapphire quality
tests on wlan networks. These administrators may select the target networks and stabilize the
expected the radio environment. The test pattern configuration and 7signal Sapphire system
administration are explained in this document.
This document does not describe how the software is installed and how to handle the
monitoring station. This is found in 7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide. To get guidance on
how to interpret the measurements, please turn to 7signal Sapphire Loupe User Guide.
FCC Warning
The radiated output power of the 7signal Sapphire Eye complies with the FCC RF exposure
limits. To avoid the possibility of exceeding the FCC radio frequency exposure limits, a distance
of at least 20 cm should be kept with the user and the device while operating.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance
could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
This device is restricted to indoor-only use for the 5150.0 – 5250.0 MHz band.
The FCC ID for 7signal Sapphire Eye is YLF-2010-08-APU2 for
IEEE802.11a/b/g
PENDING - PENDING - PENDING - PENDING - PENDING - PENDING
The FCC ID for 7signal Sapphire Eye is YLF-EYE-ABGN-APU3 for
IEEE802.11a/b/g/n
Note to the user
Any uninstructed modification to the 7signal products may result in violation of FCC
requirements, void warranty- Please check the 7signal Customer Terms that are delivered with
the product. 7signal Sapphire Eye contains for IEEE802.11a/b/g contains FCC ID NKRDCMA82
and Eye for IEEE802.11a/b/g/n contains FCC ID TV7R52HN.
In-door use restriction by FCC
Every device operating in 5150.0 – 5250.0 MHz band has similar FCC restrictions – if applicable
– as 7signal Sapphire. The regulation does not limit the value of 7signal Sapphire in any way. If
the targeted wireless environment uses this band, the wireless clients as well as access points
are to be used indoors like 7signal Sapphire.
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
PREFACE
Preface
ii
Contact us at 7signal
by mail:
by email:
by phone:
report defects by email:
any other request:
Panuntie 6, FI-00620 Helsinki, Finland
info@7signal.com
+358 40 777 7611 (exchange)
defect-report@7signal.com
support@7signal.com
7signal Ltd, Panuntie 6, FI-00620 HELSINKI, FINLAND, +358 40 777 7611, info@7signal.com, www.7signal.com
7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
Contact information
Table of Contents
iii
1 7signal wqa solution ............................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Solution Overview ...................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Solution versions ........................................................................................................ 2
1.3 Hardware ................................................................................................................... 2
2 Requirements ....................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Carat-server requirements ......................................................................................... 4
2.2 Sonar-server requirements......................................................................................... 4
3 WLAN authentication and encryption .................................................................................. 5
4 7signal Sapphire Connectivity............................................................................................... 6
4.1 Logical connections .................................................................................................... 6
4.1.1 Eye – Sonar connection ................................................................................... 7
4.1.2 Eye – Carat connection .................................................................................... 8
4.1.3 Carat server – Carat GUI connection ................................................................ 9
4.1.4 Internal connections in Carat server ................................................................ 9
4.1.5 Loupe – internet browser connection .............................................................11
4.2 Communication security ............................................................................................11
4.3 Supportive connections .............................................................................................12
4.3.1 SSH for Eye .....................................................................................................12
4.4 Bandwith requirements .............................................................................................12
4.4.1 Eye – Sonar .....................................................................................................12
4.4.2 Eye – Carat .....................................................................................................13
4.4.3 Carat server – Carat GUI client ........................................................................14
4.4.4 Loupe server – Loupe client (browser) ............................................................14
4.4.5 DB2 and Loupe server, DB2 and Carat server ..................................................14
5 Installing 7signal Sapphire ...................................................................................................15
5.1 Eye setup ..................................................................................................................15
6 Installing Eye .......................................................................................................................16
6.1 Eye installation examples ..........................................................................................17
7 Physical Install of 7signal Sapphire Eye ...............................................................................19
7.1 Roof Install ................................................................................................................19
7.2 Wall Install ................................................................................................................19
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents
iv
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software ....................................................................................21
8.1 Carat DBMS (Linux) ...................................................................................................21
8.2 Carat server (Linux) ...................................................................................................24
8.3 Loupe install (Linux) ..................................................................................................26
8.4 Sonar install (Linux) ...................................................................................................28
8.5 Sonar install (Windows) .............................................................................................28
8.6 Carat GUI install (Linux) .............................................................................................32
8.7 Carat GUI install (Windows).......................................................................................34
9 Upgrading Sapphire .............................................................................................................38
9.1 Major version upgrade ..............................................................................................38
9.2 Minor version upgrade ..............................................................................................38
9.3 Hotfix upgrade ..........................................................................................................38
10 Log Settings .......................................................................................................................39
10.1 Carat server log .......................................................................................................39
10.2 Carat GUI log ...........................................................................................................39
10.3 Eye log ....................................................................................................................39
10.4 Loupe log ................................................................................................................40
10.5 Sonar log (Linux) ......................................................................................................40
11 Sapphire Process Management .........................................................................................41
11.1 Carat .......................................................................................................................41
11.2 Loupe ......................................................................................................................41
11.3 Sonar.......................................................................................................................41
11.4 Eye ..........................................................................................................................41
12 Troubleshoot .....................................................................................................................42
12.1 GUI client cannot connect to Carat server ...............................................................42
12.2 Cannot add Eye unit ................................................................................................42
12.3 Scan test failed ........................................................................................................42
12.4 No access to Sonar server, active test failed ............................................................42
12.5 Loupe client cannot connect to Carat server ............................................................43
13 Command-line tool for Eye ................................................................................................44
13.1 Overview .................................................................................................................44
13.2 IP command group ..................................................................................................44
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7.3 Pole Install ................................................................................................................20
Table of Contents
13.4 AP command group .................................................................................................45
13.5 Conn command group .............................................................................................45
13.6 Run command group ...............................................................................................46
13.7 Txp command group................................................................................................47
13.8 Log command group................................................................................................47
14 Command-line tooL for database management ................................................................49
14.1 Dump command group ............................................................................................49
14.2 Logsetup command .................................................................................................49
14.3 Backup command group ..........................................................................................50
14.4 Show command group.............................................................................................51
14.5 Delete command group ...........................................................................................51
14.6 Reinit command group ............................................................................................51
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
13.3 Keys command group ..............................................................................................45
1 7signal wqa solution
Welcome to 7signal Sapphire, providing you with a new way to continuously and automatically
measure the health and quality of a wireless network from the user's perspective. A commonly
used term here is wireless quality assurance, or WQA. Companies and their business processes
are becoming increasingly dependent on the performance and service quality of their wireless
networks. Thanks to the Sapphire WQA solution, companies can integrate the quality
management of wireless networks with their existing IT and communications technology
services.
7signal Sapphire uses monitoring stations (Sapphire Eye) to monitor performance and quality
in WLAN cells and to monitor the surrounding radio frequency environment. The performance
of the customer’s network is tested against a test server (Sonar). Interactive tests, monitoring
stations, and parameters for automatic measurement are managed with a centralized
management tool (Sapphire Carat). The measurement results are reported via a business
application (Sapphire Loupe). Both tools can forward results either automatically or manually
to designated persons in the company, or to third parties, such as technical support or other
service provider.
The monitoring station, Sapphire Eye, continuously monitors the selected WLAN channels via
passive listening, which does not have an impact on network performance. It can also
impersonate a client device in the target network and then use the network and the services
provided through it. By comparing measurement results to a previously saved acceptable
environment, the solution can detect interfering transmitters, access points and clients
behaving in undesirable ways, and other applications using unregulated frequency bands that
can potentially affect network functionality. Among these applications might be motion
detectors, microwave ovens, Bluetooth devices, powerful electric motors, radiation devices
used for decontamination, and baby monitors. The solution can also produce proactive
statistics on the predicted user experience of network performance, which enables the
company to increase network capacity before the users notice loss of performance.
In user emulation tests, also known as active tests, Eye connects to the test server (Sonar) over
the wireless network and uses it like an ordinary production service. The use may include mass
file transfers, browser downloads, wireless VoIP calls, or connections to another production
server. Simply put, Sapphire tests the end-user experience by examining the entire data chain
from the client to the production service. Active tests can monitor the network even when
there are no users in the network. This makes it possible to forecast performance problems
and to take corrective actions even before the service level suffers. Active tests show the
availability and quality of services offered over the network, and they help administrators to
see why some applications with their various demands for network performance do not work
as expected in the network or some of its areas. When problems occur, active tests can also
aid in location of the problem area in the network topology, which often includes WLAN, LAN,
and WAN elements.
The key benefits of 7signal Sapphire are user emulation, superb coverage, continuous
monitoring, and visibility of network health. Competing solutions are often based on
monitoring the access point settings. As a result, they do not give any indication of the service
quality experienced by the end user. In such limited solutions, the service quality parameters
measured are the same as in wired networks. Sapphire, by contrast, produces a
comprehensive picture of the radio connection quality, where delay, number of
retransmissions, and packet loss are taken into account, in addition to the commonly
measured parameters.
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
1 7SIGNAL WQA SOLUTION
1 7signal wqa solution
The 7signal Sapphire quality monitoring solution consists of a Sapphire Eye monitoring station,
a Sonar test server, the feature-rich Sapphire Carat management software, and Sapphire
Loupe for viewing and reporting on results.
1.2 Solution versions
7signal Sapphire Suite is the name given to a system that monitors the quality of a wireless
broadband network as described in the Solution overview section, above.
7signal Sapphire contains the central components needed for a broadband network’s quality
monitoring. The tests include interactive troubleshooting tests and automatic collection of
measurements. Loupe can be used for generating case-specific reports or for sending
automatic reports to selected recipients.
7signal Sapphire Enterprise contains features needed in business and corporate networks, such
as quality monitoring for wireless VoIP calls, monitoring of the service classes of wireless
traffic, and extended monitoring features for channel behavior.
1.3 Hardware
7signal Sapphire Eye is a wireless probe or a monitoring station that is installed in a central
position within the wlan network.
Eye has the following main features (partly optional):
Mechanical parts injection moulded polycarbonate plastic;
Linux computer, 1GB Flash memory;
Wlan radio module, 802.11 a/b/g support (2.4 GHz, 4.9 GHz-5.8 GHz);
Spectrum Analyser component;
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1.1 Solution Overview
1 7signal wqa solution
RF board with antenna beam selection capability and low noise amplifiers (noise figure
~1.5 dB) in receiver chain;
Battery;
Heating element;
Other functional elements;
Electrical compass;
GPS receiver;
GPS receiver may be augmented with an external antenna that is not provided
by 7signal;
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6 sectored high gain antennas covering 360 degrees in horizontal direction, 1 sectored
high gain antenna in vertical direction;
2 Requirements
2.1 Carat-server requirements
Carat server controls Eye units and collects measurement results to the database. Carat server
software can be installed to dedicated server or virtual environment.
The operating system is CentOS that is community version of Red Hat, the only difference are
in graphics and similar items. Carat server has management connection to the Eye units and it
can manage concurrently several Eyes in several locations.
The Carat server requirements are below:
•
x86 32-bit Intel and AMD processors
•
minimum 2 GB RAM
•
installation minimum 10GB Hard Disk Space required
•
database space: depending on target network size, (for reference, typical data
volume = uncompressed raw measurement data /AP/month = circa 50MB)
•
LAN connection
•
CentOS 5.4
2.2 Sonar-server requirements
Sonar is a light end-point software for Sapphire active tests. Sonar server software can be
installed to dedicated server or virtual environment.
Eye will connect to the Sonar and run application tests towards it. Sonars can be installed into
several locations in the network to simulate the real-life situation where various business
services are geographically distributed.
The Sonar server requirements are below:
•
x86 32-bit Intel and AMD processors
•
LAN connection
•
CentOS 5.4
There are no specific RAM or disk requirements as Sonar is truly a light-weight server software.
To best reflect the business-application behavior, Sonar server would benefit from similar
characteristics than the server running the business application. For example, the Windows
TCP/IP stack implementation may limit performance by default.
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2 REQUIREMENTS
3 WLAN authentication and encryption
7signal Sapphire solution supports several standard encryption and authentication methods
for accessing wlan radio resources.
The Supported methods are in the table below:
WPA 1/2
PSK
EAP - TLS
EAP - PEAP
EAP - FAST
EAP - TTLS
EAP - TTLS
IEEE 802.1X
WEP
EAP-TLS
EAP-PEAP
MSCHAP
MSCHAPV2
PAP
CHAP
EAP - MSCHAPv2
EAP - TLS
EAP - GTC
EAP - OTP
EAP - MD5
GTC
MD5
MSCHAPV2
OTP
TLS
40
128
LEAP with WPA1/WPA2
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3 WLAN AUTHENTICATION AND ENCRYPTION
4 7signal Sapphire Connectivity
4.1 Logical connections
Sapphire elements and their logical connections are in the picture below:
•
Eye – a wlan probe with both wlan interface (wlan client and analysis functions) and
ethernet interface (management functions).
•
Sonar – Server software emulating various business services for testing purposes.
Deployment method is two-fold as follows: 7signal Solution: the application is
running in hosts chosen by the customer. 7signal Site Miner: a dedicated mini-laptop
is running the application.
•
Carat – centralized management software, a stand-alone application. Deployment
method is two-fold as follows: 7signal Solution: the application running in a host
chosen by the customer. 7signal Site Miner: a dedicated normal laptop running the
application.
•
Loupe – A web-application for measurement visualization that is deployed in
conjunction of the Carat server software.
•
Internet browsers – Thin-clients for Loupe server. Not provided by 7signal.
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4 7SIGNAL SAPPHIRE CONNECTIVITY
4 7signal Sapphire Connectivity
7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
4.1.1 Eye – Sonar connection
Conn
ID
Description
Data content
Test management and
typical test connection
Test control
message and
pseudo-data
MOS test, uplink
direction
MOS test
specific data
MOS test, downlink
direction
MOS test
specific data
Listening
port(s)
tcp/80
Configurable
in Sonar
deployment
udp/50000 –
50009
Configurable
in Sonar
installer
udp/9999
Configurable
in Eye
deployment
Remarks
Traffic is properly
encapsulated http. Uses Eye
wlan interface.
Optional. Uses Eye wlan
interface. The number of port
varies between 0 and 20. The
port numbers are
consequtive. By default 10
ports are opened.
Optional. Uses Eye wlan
interface.
Main purpose: Eye connects through wlan interface to the remote server that simulates or
emulates business applications.
Important notice: this is most likely the most complex connection is 7signal Sapphire systems.
The Sonar servers may be numerous and the network topology between Eye and Sonar may
vary radically and could contain numerous firewalls. 7signal has no control over the network
topology and cannot influence arbitrary devices and network elements between the
endpoints. To ensure fluent deployment, the user/configurator has to have thorough
understanding of the network between the endpoints and possibility to affect all the elements
necessary.
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4 7signal Sapphire Connectivity
ESSID – test parameter to connect to a particular wireless network.
Wlan encryption – The encryption is “Wireless Network” related configuration in
Carat.
Network keys – pre-shared keys, certificates or similar - are stored in Eye file system by Carat
application.
To be observerd: the target wireless network may be configured to have MAC address
preventions so the MAC address of wlan interface of the Eye unit must be white-listed as a
network client. Eye does not act as an access point of the wireless network.
Security: while the connection is established, the test parameters and results go unencrypted
over 7signal proprietary protocol encapsulated in well-formed http between the endpoints. It
is difficult to imagine that the test parameters and pseudo-data would pose any business risk
to customers. Furthermore, by default there is no encryption in the IP traffic of the wireless
clients so in this sense the current state reflects the real-world well.
MOS test connections
MOS test is a license-controlled feature and not used in every environment. MOS test requires
additional ports to be used. MOS traffic is special-purpose traffic with identical fingerprint than
any VoWLAN call would have.
Sonar may serve numerous Eyes concurrently and therefore provides numerous open server
socket s for incoming VoIP calls. One server socket may serve one Eye at a time so the number
of concurrent MOS tests in single Sonar is dictated by the number of open ports.
Eye has one open server socket for VoIP calls as it communicates with single Sonar only at a
time.
4.1.2 Eye – Carat connection
Conn
ID
Description
Data content
Eye test server
Binary
protocol for
management
Listening
port(s)
tcp/7799
Remarks
Uses Eye ethernet
interface.
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To test and use the wireless connection the following variables must be known:
4 7signal Sapphire Connectivity
Configurable
in Eye
deployment
In this case the Eye acts as a server and Carat software is a client. Carat does not make any ssh
connections, ssh is optional connection for human operators.
4.1.3 Carat server – Carat GUI connection
Conn
ID
Description
Data content
RMI service
RMI service
protocol
Listening
port(s)
tcp/1099
Remarks
Discovery service for conn
#2.
Typically not
changed.
GUI client connection
to a Carat server
RMI calls
tcp/47777
Configurable
in Carat GUI
installer
The Carat graphical user-interface is a stand-alone Java SE application that is a client to Carat
server. It is for managerial actions and interactive wlan network testing for human operators.
4.1.4 Internal connections in Carat server
Note: as the following connections occur inside one host machine only, this part
may be skipped regarding the firewall settings and other networking.
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and testing.
4 7signal Sapphire Connectivity
10
7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
Conn
ID
Description
Data content
RMI service.
RMI service
protocol
Listening
port(s)
tcp/1099
Remarks
Discovery service for conn
#2.
Typically not
changed.
Loupe web-app
connecting as a client
to a Carat server.
RMI calls
tcp/47777
IBM DB2 database
service for Loupe.
JDBC traffic.
Configurable
in Carat GUI
installer
tcp/7722
JDBC traffic.
Configurable
in DBMS
installer
tcp/7722
IBM DB2 database
service for Carat.
Configurable
in DBMS
installer
Loupe is a web-application that visualizes the measurements and it has a dual-role in the sense
of connectivity: Loupe acts as a client to both the Carat server and DB2 and as a server to the
browser clients. The actual rendering of Sapphire results happens in browsers (separate
chapter below). In the current implementation Carat and Loupe applications are inseparable as
they run in the same host in all supported setups.
In the current implementation Carat and IBM DB2 applications are inseparable as they run in
the same host in all supported setups. The connection between Carat client and DB2 is secured
by medium-level encryption implemented by IBM.
7signal installers contain the installation medium for DB2 and the setup of DB2 is automated
by 7signal installation scripts. It is possible to change the defaults during installation time.
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4 7signal Sapphire Connectivity
11
Conn
ID
Description
Data content
Standard http
connection.
Standard http
traffic for
creating a
https
connection.
Standard https
connection for
measurement requests
and responses.
Secure http.
Report and
chart
requests and
responses.
Listening
port(s)
tcp/80
Configurable
in Loupe
installer.
tcp/443
Remarks
Redirects to https port of
Loupe.
Business connection for
Loupe.
Configurable
in Loupe
installer.
Carat server contains a web application named Loupe that runs on port that is defined during
Loupe server installation, the default is 80. Browser user sets the URI to access Loupe server,
the URI depends on Loupe server configuration. Loupe server communication is secured with a
server certificate. No certificate is needed from the user / browser side.
4.2 Communication security
All connections containing meaningful traffic are being encrypted. The encryption method is
TLS on top of TCP or UDP on top of IP. The PKI infrastructure (certificates) is being used
throughout the solution but the files differ as there are has numerous formats for certificate
containers while the contents are according the same method.
Encrypted connections are depicted below:
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4.1.5 Loupe – internet browser connection
4 7signal Sapphire Connectivity
Eye - Carat
Eye server certificate and CA signature are in file called server.pem. The client
counterpart is stored in the Carat server in file carat.keystore (while effectively it is a
truststore).
•
Carat – Carat GUI and Carat - Loupe
The server certificate resides in file called 7signal.keystore. The client counterpart
resides in file named 7signal.truststore. Loupe resides in the same host and most
probably in the same file system than Carat itself. In case of GUI the file is any
computer that has GUI installed.
•
Loupe – browser
The web-app identifies itself with a file named loupe.keystore. The counterpart is not
provided by 7signal but because of commonplace browser infrastructure it is not
necessary.
Usage of encryption files
Every customer has individual set of certificates, it is not possible to use the delivered
certificates to decrypt traffic of other 7signal Sapphire systems.
Q: Where can I find my certificates? A: All the customer certificates are located in
the certificates CD and certificate passwords in password sheet.
It is neither necessary nor encouraged to handle the certificate container files. Install and
upgrade processes of 7signal Sapphire take care of all the typical cases. In untypical cases the
7signal staff shall be involved with all the help necessary.
4.3 Supportive connections
4.3.1 SSH for Eye
In the normal course of operation no ssh connection is required. However, during complex
deployments the analysis opportunities in Eye shall justify such a connection. Also, Eye
firmware and certificates may be managed with ssh. The ssh traffic is inherently secure.
4.4 Bandwith requirements
NOTE: the volume estimates are suggestive and vary based on the configuration.
4.4.1 Eye – Sonar
From
To
Medium
Eye
Sonar
Wlan
Traffic
motivator
Automated
test engine
and
interactive
testing by
Volume
estimate
Low, each
request is a few
hundred bytes.
Eye acts as one
Major factor
The test profile that the Eye
is running.
In case of MOS test VoFi
traffic is transmitted as long
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•
12
4 7signal Sapphire Connectivity
Eye
Wlan
humans.
wlan end-user
would do, one
operation per
minute.
as requested in the test
parameters, constant traffic
at the rate of 100 kBs/s.
Responses to
client.
Typically
pseudo-data
that varies
based on the
test
parameters.
MOS test most probably
contain significant amount of
data.
For example, the FTP download test transfers by default 2 megabytes of data that does not
take long. The amount of data is exceptionally high for data transfer in an logistics
environment but on the other hand in office environment transfer of this size is relatively low.
The test parameter should be adjusted, either to simulate typical transfer or to save the
bandwith while keeping the transfer size high enough to give measurements out of the
network.
4.4.2 Eye – Carat
From
To
Medium
Carat
Eye
Ethernet
Eye
Carat
Ethernet
Traffic
motivator
Automated
test engine
and
interactive
testing by
humans.
Responses to
client.
Volume
estimate
1 kB/minute.
The binary
protocol for
requests is
volumeefficient.
100 kB
/minute.
Major factor
The chosen test profile and
individual test parameters
dictate whether the Eye
keeps testing a long time or
is there frequent test
management traffic.
Duration of one test varies
from a few seconds to almost
minutes per request
depending on the test type.
Spectrum Analysis and MOS
test most probably contain
significant amount of data.
The data transferred in only test parameters and in most cases results of analysis, sometimes
raw measurements.
Naturally the number of Eyes is directionally proportional the traffic load as each Eye
connection are independent and concurrent. One single Eye typically executes a test in one
minute in the average. However, there are tests that finish in 10 seconds (practical minimum)
and few tests run few minutes.
The communication protocol is both minimal and binary so the traffic from Carat to Eye is very
economic. The measurement result minimum is around 100 bytes in one message and the top
range is the spectrum measurement (not available in all configurations) that returns
approximately 300 times a 50 byte result unit.
In data communications sense the traffic for single Eye is minimal.
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Sonar
13
4 7signal Sapphire Connectivity
14
4.4.3 Carat server – Carat GUI client
From
To
Medium
Carat
GUI
GUI
Carat
Ethernet
Ethernet
Traffic
motivator
Human
Responses to
client.
Volume
estimate
Very low.
300 kB/minute
Major factor
User activity, expected low.
Spectrum Analysis and
MOS test results may
contain significant amount
of data. Floorplan involves
graphics.
There is no continuous interaction, all activities are initiated by the user. The amount of traffic
depends completely on user-decisions. Typically the traffic is binary communication. A few
interactive tests the results are graphical.
In 7signal Solution the IP cloud between the client and the server may be complex and contain
VPNs, wireless links etc. that affect the communications.
4.4.4 Loupe server – Loupe client (browser)
From
To
Medium
Loupe
host
Clients
in
WWW
Ethernet,
general
networking
Traffic
motivator
Human
actions
Volume
estimate
Volatile. Like
one http
client.
Major factor
User activity. Per any
request the amount of
requested KPIs is the
driving factor.
There is no continuous machine-to-machine interaction, all activities are initiated by the user.
The amount of traffic depends completely on user-decisions. Server output typically contains
graphics. Medium duty cycle.
4.4.5 DB2 and Loupe server, DB2 and Carat server
In current implementation all three processes are running in the same host so there is no
network burden whatsoever outside the host.
From
To
Medium
localhost localhost IP stack
Traffic
motivator
Interoperable
server
processes.
Volume
estimate
N/A
Major factor
The amount of Eyes in the
network. Data is
transferred in the core
memory of the host.
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Test type and test distribution depend on the test profile used in the Carat server. The test
profile content and test parameters (incl. test duration and size of file transfers) are freely
modifiable by Carat system administrator.
5 Installing 7signal Sapphire
15
5.1 Eye setup
Every Eye unit is identical when purchased, like other wireless network elements like typical
access points. Individual settings must be made to enable operation of numerous Eye units in
the same production network.
By default Eye units have IP address 192.168.0.1 with netmask 255.255.255.0.
Ssh connectivity is provided for configuration purposes. Carat user-interface manages the
software in the Eye but the requirement is a working management connection between Carat
application and Eye appliance.
•
server.pem
•
IP address
•
(optional) Eye software version
Connect to address 192.168.0.1 as root by using a ssh client. The root default password is
‘7signal’. It is strongly advised to change this password as it is factory default for every single
Eye unit. One will enter a shell called ash.
Setting IP address of the management interface:
# 7config ip set addr 
Setting network mask of the management interface:
# 7config ip set mask 
Setting port of the management interface:
# 7config ip set port 
Create backup from current IP configuration:
# 7config ip backup create
Verify the settings with the ‘show’ command:
# 7config ip show
Reboot the Eye unit to make the changes effective:
# reboot
NOTE: the unit may be unreachable in the network that is being used for the
configuration if the destination network has incompatible settings.
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
5 INSTALLING 7SIGNAL SAPPHIRE
6 Installing Eye
16
Install Sapphire Eye in the most centralized location of the Wlan area.
Eye can be installed on the ceiling, wall or mast.
Sapphire Eye has extremely sensitive radio technology inside
The receiving signal is 10-20dB stronger than the basic Wlan end-user
The transmitted signal is 5-6dB stronger at the access point side than with the basic
Wlan end-user
For best accuracy of the Wlan performance, the Sapphire Eye location should be selected so
that:
The average signal level for the managed Wlan access points are between -65dBm and
-30dBm
NOTE: The bad performance area is not necessarily the best Eye location.
The best installation location is easily verified with:
Portable Sapphire kit. The kit includes a Carat laptop and an Eye unit (with battery).
Site Survey signal level results
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6 INSTALLING EYE
6 Installing Eye
17
The Site Survey results are valuable for Eye location estimation. The Eye location is good if the
Site Survey heat map shows >-80dBm signal level from all the access points.
The Site Survey results are valuable for Eye location selection
Verify the signal levels also from the far end access points
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6.1 Eye installation examples
6 Installing Eye
18
7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
The external antenna is useful in the environment where shafts or thick walls are attenuating
radio too much.
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7 Physical Install of 7signal Sapphire Eye
19
7.1 Roof Install
On top of Eye unit there are three slots for screws. Insert screws (Pan Head Stainless Screw,
DIN 7985 M5x12 ) on top of the Eye unit. For securing the screw use screwdriver on the
bottom of the screw. The head of the screw is supposed to have few millimeters of space
between the inserts on the unit top.
There shall be one install plate (pictured right below) that is mounted on roof. See the marking
‘CABLE’ on the plate and direct it as desired.
Insert the screws into the holes in the roof mounting plate. Turn the unit and feel it snatching
into the plate. The unit should not be moving in a loose manner but it moves only few
millimeters when properly mounted.
7.2 Wall Install
On top of Eye unit there are three slots for screws. Insert screw thread taps (Socket Set Screw
Cone Point, DIN 914, M5x20) on top of the Eye unit For securing the screw use hex key on the
bottom of the screw. In wall-mounting the screw does not have any head.
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
7 PHYSICAL INSTALL OF 7SIGNAL SAPPHIRE EYE
7 Physical Install of 7signal Sapphire Eye
There are three elliptical holes in the wall-mount mechanics. Mount the Eye unit by pushing
the screws on top of the unit through the wall-mount mechanics. From the top-side of the
mechanics use the screws to attach the unit to the mechanics.
7.3 Pole Install
In pole install the wall-mount is attached to any pole by using mechanics (A and B, picture
below). Screw the part B on hook A in order to attach the wall-mount to the pole. Follow the
wall-mount instructions from here on.
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
There shall be one install mechanics (pictured right below). Mount it on the wall on the
rectangular side. The longest side of the triangle should face towards the ground.
20
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
21
Install the following software from the 7signal Sapphire Installation CD.
8.1 Carat DBMS (Linux)
Prerequisities
The operating system installation may or may not have all the necessary information for DBMS
installation. Please check the following items:
C++ library
o command: yum install compat-libstdc++-33
o An RPM package is contained in Sonar medium in folder named ‘Non-7signal
Software’ in case there is no network connectivity
Hosts file must contain the localhost name.
o more /etc/hosts
o edit the hosts file if needed
Installing
The DBMS for Linux comes as a file of type bin that contains both the script and 3rd party install
package for DBMS. There is another version of the DBMS installer that does not contain the
actual DBMS package. The latter is suitable for upgrades. The install may be run in any
directory, the root home is just a practical example.
Copy 7signal-DBMS-installer from delivery medium to for example /root directory. NOTE! Do
not use /tmp directory.
Step 1 (option 1): Install DBMS database uninterrupted with the default settings by issuing a
command:
# ./7signal-DBMS-x.x-x.x-installer.bin –s
The silent install does not require input as all the options shall use default settings. Since
release 2.0 the DBMS install is instructed to be the first element to install. The silent install
suits this model well but it is up to the user if one wants to install Carat server first: both ways
work fine.
Step 1 (option 2): Install DBMS database by issuing a command:
# ./7signal-DBMS-x.x-x.x-installer.bin 
The DB2 package is in delivery medium for Sonar in folder named ‘Non-7signal Software’.
7signal is the official distributor for IBM DB2.
To understand the phases of the installation, install output is below.
Extracting installer, please wait ...
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8 INSTALLING 7SIGNAL SAPPHIRE SOFTWARE
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
22
The question above is asked if there is an effective 7signal Carat install on the host. Since
release 2.0 this question should not be there on initial install as the DBMS is encouraged to be
installed first.
The script continues:
DBMS directory
: /opt/7signal/dbms
DB2 installation package location : installer/db2exc_950_LNX_x86.tar.gz
Target directory
: /opt/ibm/db2
untarring DB2...
Creating DB user..
Configured DB user is db7sign
Configured DB port number is 7722
Do you want to specify DB admin manually [y/N]? 
The script allows to defined the database user and the communication port. As supposedly the
host is dedicated to 7signal Sapphire, the defaults should work fine and are encouraged to be
used.
The script continues and executes some time consuming configurations:
Preparing response file...
Running response file...
DBI1191I db2setup is installing and configuring DB2 according to the
response file provided. Please wait.
The execution completed successfully.
For more information see the DB2 installation log at
"/tmp/db2setup.log".
IBM DB2 installed.
Creating uninstaller...
Creating DB schema generator...
Copying aggregation view template generator and templates to
/home/db7sign/.
Installing 7db tool..
Installing 7signal DB backup & restore tool..
Installing 7signal DB2 library..
Installing 7signal DB2 utilities..
Enter location for databases [/home/db7sign]: 
The database tablespace location defaults to the /home file system just like the database logs
that are configured below.
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
Launching installer.
Using db2exc_950_LNX_x86.tar.gz installer.
Checking host janice reachability.. OK.
Trying to locate existing installation...
Locating 7signal Sapphire Carat installation. Please wait ...
Carat installation found at /opt/7signal/Carat.
DB tools directory will be /opt/7signal/dbms
Do you want to use DB configuration found from this location [Y/n]?

8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
23
The script continues:
Do you want to create databases now [Y/n]? 
The script allows the databases not to be created. It is not supported to not to create the
databases and the use of this option is recommended only for people who already know how
to recreate the databases later.
The script continues and the database creation takes several minutes:
7SIGNAL creating management database...
7SIGNAL creating measurement database...
7SIGNAL creating security database...
Do you want to change the default database logging method (circular
logging) to infinite archival logging [y/N]? 
It is encouraged to make the install with circular logging. The infinite archival logging requires
design and practically endless storage device. The instructions for moving to infinite archival
logging are in the Carat User Manual among other detailed backup process design issues.
The script continues to…
Log file location
Log file location default to the /home file system just like the actual database.
This default setup should not be used in a serious production environment but the logs and
the actual database should reside in separate file systems, preferably on separate physical
devices. Any database write shall be recorded both to the logs and the actual database table
space thus doubling the write operations and space demand for the same device and file
system. High-end disk array storage devices may not suffer from this but as a rule-of-thumb it
is always a good idea to separate logs and the actual database.
Enter location for Management DB log files
[/home/db7sign/db7sign/NODE0000/SQL00001/SQLOGDIR/]: 
OK. Using default.
Enter location for Measurement DB log files
[/home/db7sign/db7sign/NODE0000/SQL00002/SQLOGDIR/]: 
OK. Using default.
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
This default setup should not be used in a serious production environment but the logs and
the actual database should reside in separate file systems, preferably on separate physical
devices. Any database write shall be recorded both to the logs and the actual database table
space thus doubling the write operations and space demand for the same device and file
system. High-end disk array storage devices may not suffer from this but as a rule-of-thumb it
is always a good idea to separate logs and the actual database.
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
The script is now finished. The DB2 is now installed, up and running. One may continue to
install next component.
8.2 Carat server (Linux)
Copy the installer file from the delivery medium to for example /home directory.
NOTE! Do not use /tmp directory.
Step 1: Move to the directory where installer was copied and install Carat server by issuing a
command:
# ./7signal-Carat-x.x-x.x-installer.bin
You should see output similar to following:
Extracting installer, please wait ...
Launching installer.
Checking previous installations...
Installations were not found
Enter location to which 7signal Sapphire Carat server will be installed
[/opt/7signal]: 
Trying to locate 7signal DBMS installation. Please wait ...
DBMS installation was not found. Do you want to specify DB properties
manually
(defaults: database host localhost, username 'db7sign', TCP port 7722)
[y/N]? 
Step 2: defined the database essential parameters:
In case one does not use the defaults, one must give
host IP address
username for the database access user
and the port for the database communication
As this connection is inside one single host and completely internal to 7signal Sapphire, it is
recommended to use the defaults.
The script continues:
Please enter host name or IP address to which the Carat clients will be
connecting to [192.168.0.2]: 
Step 3: setup host address for RMI server
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Enter location for Security DB log files
[/home/db7sign/db7sign/NODE0000/SQL00003/SQLOGDIR/]: 
OK. Using default.
24
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
25
The script continues:
Encryption certificates from certificate package [Y/n]? 
Step 4: Install certificate container and its password
The above mentioned package is not part of the standard delivery. The GUI certificate
container and related password are in separate delivery medium in where the folder naming
pinpoints the right location for this information. If the certificate and password are copied to
the target machine, it is better to remove them after install verification unless one trusts the
file system security enough.
The script continues:
Please enter location of archive file (-7signal-all.tar.gz):
Found file /root/7signal_storet-7signal-all.tar.gz. Do wish to use it
[Y/n]? 
This option reflects how the user interaction looks like when certificate package install is being
used. In case of non-package install the script asks for path to the certificate container and the
password.
The script continues:
Validating archive..
Archive valid.
Extracting files..
Extracting passwords..
Please enter location of Carat license file (directory in which
license.xml file resides): 
Step 5: The license file location
The license file is created for each customer individually. It is in the same delivery medium
with the certificate containers. The file is digitally signed and does not require as high security
as the certificates.
Creating carat7 user...
Copying init script..
Installing init script..
Extracting Carat package...
Copying Carat to /opt/7signal...
Extracting jre...
JRE already installed, checking if it is up to date
Installed version: 1.6.0_06-b02
New version
: 1.6.0_06-b02
JRE does not need to be updated.
Installing configuration file.
Installing license file...
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One should not use localhost or 127.0.0.1 for the IP address as this information shall be used
by RMI server and it needs to know the external IP address of the host in numeric format in
order to serve the remotely connecting clients.
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
26
The script is now finished. The Carat server is now installed but not up and running. Later the
server is automatically started at boot time of the host. One may continue to install next
component.
8.3 Loupe install (Linux)
Copy 7signal-Loupe-installer from the delivery medium to for example /home directory. NOTE!
Do not use /tmp directory.
Step 1: Move to the directory where installer was copied and install Loupe server by issuing a
command:
# ./7signal-Loupe-installer.bin
You should see output similar to following:
Extracting installer, please wait ...
Launching installer.
Checking previous installations ...
No previous installation found.
Enter location to which 7signal Sapphire Loupe will be installed,
installer will create a '/Loupe/' directory under the given path
[/opt/7signal]: 
Step 2: the install location
Give the location in the file system to install the Loupe server.
The script continues:
Configuration for:
* /opt/7signal/Loupe/apache-tomcat5.5.26/conf/Catalina/localhost/7signal.xml
* /opt/7signal/Loupe/webapps/WEB-INF/web.xml
Enter the DB2 username [db7sign]:
Enter the DB2 password [526dc2c2]:
Enter the location of Carat server [127.0.0.1]: 
Step 3: Carat server IP address
The Loupe server should run in the same host than the Carat server and therefore localhost
numeric address is suitable.
The script continues:
Configuration for:/opt/7signal/Loupe/apache-tomcat-5.5.26/conf/server.xml
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Installing 7carat tool...
Modifying file permissions...
Creating uninstaller...
Saving configuration.
Done.
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
27
Step 4: ports for Loupe service
As the host is expected to be dedicated for 7signal Sapphire, the default ports for http and
https should work fine. However, the ports are freely configurable.
The script continues:
Extracting Loupe package ...
Loupe requires two certificates to run properly. They are delivered
separately.
Get certificates from certificate package [Y/n]? 
Step 5: Install certificate container and its password
The above mentioned package is not part of the standard delivery. The GUI certificate
container and related password are in separate delivery medium in where the folder naming
pinpoints the right location for this information. If the certificate and password are copied to
the target machine, it is better to remove them after install verification unless one trusts the
file system security enough.
The script continues:
Please enter location of archive file (-7signal-all.tar.gz):
Found file /root/7signal_storet-7signal-all.tar.gz. Do wish to use it
[Y/n]? 
This option reflects how the user interaction looks like when certificate package install is being
used. In case of non-package install the script asks for path to the certificate container and the
password.
The script continues:
Validating archive..
Archive valid.
Extracting files ...
Extracting passwords ...
Updating files according to configuration ...
Finding JRE ... found at /opt/7signal/jre
Copying init script ...
Installing init script ...
Installing 7loupe tool ...
Creating uninstaller ...
Loupe install process finished.
HTTP server configured to URL: http://localhost:80/
Do you want to start Loupe server now? [Y/n] 
Step 6: starting of Loupe server
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Enter the port for Loupe HTTP server, most commonly 80 or 8080 [80]:
When the non-SSL port is 80, then the preferred SSL port is 443.
Enter the SSL port for Loupe HTTPS server [443]: 
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
28
The script continues:
Starting 7signal Loupe server: 7signal Loupe server start complete
7signal Sapphire Loupe service
service 7signalLoupe start
(Shortcut: 7loupe s)
service 7signalLoupe stop
(Shortcut: 7loupe x)
service 7signalLoupe restart
(Shortcut: 7loupe r)
service 7signalLoupe status
(Shortcut: 7loupe status)
commands:
: Starts Loupe server
: Stops Loupe server
: Restarts Loupe server
: Shows if the server is running or not
To learn more about the 7loupe-command, simply type command '7loupe'
without any parameters.
7signal Loupe server is running
Step 7: install is finished
The Loupe is installed and either up and running or stopped depending on the decisions made
during the install.
8.4 Sonar install (Linux)
Copy 7signal-Loupe-installer from the delivery medium to for example /home directory.
NOTE! Do not use /tmp directory.
Step 1: Move to the directory where installer was copied and install Loupe server by issuing a
command:
# ./7signal-Sonar-x.x-installer.bin
The output is omitted as the installation is not interactive.
8.5 Sonar install (Windows)
Installing Sonar on Windows platform is possible. In case the corporate business services are
running on Windows, it may be desirable to use the Windows platform. The implementation of
Windows TCP/IP stack prevents malicious use of the network and as a by-product it typically
prevents reaching maximum throughput. If one wants to optimize Windows behavior for
maximum throughput, one must note that all the applications in the same server host shall
modify their behavior, not only 7signal Sapphire.
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It is possible to start the server immediately. The requirement is that the database is up and
running at the Loupe start-up. It is not mandatory to have Carat up and running at the Loupe
start-up but during the first login Carat has to be there.
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
A double-click on the icon launches the following panel:
Step 2: Accept the License Agreement
The distribution medium contains 7signal Sapphire Customer Terms document in the
Documents folder.
Step 3: Choose the components
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Step 1: Execute Carat Client installer
29
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
30
The client install should not be selected. This is not a true Sapphire client software but various
scripts for testing purposes.
Step 4: Choose the location for installation
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
This is informative step only: it is mandatory to select both JRE and the Sonar server itself.
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
31
Step 5: Sonar Server configuration
One should see the connectivity section above if one needs or wants to change the defaults for
the communication and networking settings.
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Step 4: Choose the Start menu folder
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
32
There is no expected user-interaction in this step. During JRE install one should be ready to
wait a few moments as the JRE package execution takes some time with no obvious output or
other indicator of progress.
Step 6: Finish the installation
Finish the installation. An icon for launching the Carat GUI client should be available on the
chosen start-folder.
8.6 Carat GUI install (Linux)
Copy 7signal-Carat-GUI-installer from the delivery medium to for example /home directory.
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7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
Step 5: The package is being installed
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
Step 1: Move to the directory where installer was copied and install Loupe server by issuing a
command:
# ./7signal-Carat-Client-x.x-installer.bin
You should see output similar to following:
Extracting installer, please wait ...
Launching installer.
Step 2: the destination folder
Enter location to which 7signal Sapphire Carat client will be installed
[/opt/7signal]: 
One should enter the path for the desired destination folder.
The script continues:
Extracting Carat client package...
Copying Carat to /opt/7signal...
Extracting jre...
JRE already installed, checking if it is up to date
Installed version: 1.6.0_06-b02
New version
: 1.6.0_06-b02
JRE does not need to be updated.
Updating files according to configuration...
Text viewer is kedit
PDF viewer is kghostview
Creating uninstaller...
Step 3: installing the certificates
Carat client GUI requires a certificate to run properly. It is delivered
separately.
Get certificates from certificate package [Y/n]? 
The above mentioned package is not part of the standard delivery. The GUI certificate
container and related password are in separate delivery medium in where the folder naming
pinpoints the right location for this information. If the certificate and password are copied to
the target machine, it is better to remove them after install verification unless one trusts the
file system security enough.
The script continues:
Please enter location of archive file (-7signal-all.tar.gz):
Found file /root/7signal_storet-7signal-all.tar.gz. Do wish to use it
[Y/n]? 
7signal Ltd, Panuntie 6, FI-00620 HELSINKI, FINLAND, +358 40 777 7611, info@7signal.com, www.7signal.com
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NOTE! Do not use /tmp directory.
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8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
34
The script continues:
Validating archive..
Archive valid.
Extracting files..
Extracting passwords..
Finished.
The GUI client may be started from the install directory with the script named
run_client.sh but there is no desktop icon because of lack of generic support for desktop
icons in linux distributions.
8.7 Carat GUI install (Windows)
The Windows install is a typical for Windows environment: the installer comes as a single
executable file that launches a dialog-based install sequence. When the installer file is moved
to Windows file system, the operating system recognizes it as an installer file.
Step 1: Execute Carat Client installer
A double-click on the icon launches the following panel:
Step 2: Accept the License Agreement
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This option reflects how the user interaction looks like when certificate package install is being
used. In case of non-package install the script asks for path to the certificate container and the
password.
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
35
7signal Sapphire Deployment Guide Release 3.0
The distribution medium contains 7signal Sapphire Customer Terms document in the
Documents folder.
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8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
36
Step 4: Select your 7signal.truststore file and type your truststore password
The PKI encryption infrastructure requires Carat client to provide a certificate. The certificate is
stored in a truststore file that is typical for Java SE programs. The truststore file and the
password are delivered to all customers with the product package.
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Step 3: Define the installation Destination Folder
8 Installing 7signal Sapphire software
There is no expected user-interaction in this step.
Step 6: Finish the installation
Finish the installation. An icon for launching the Carat GUI client should be available on the
desktop.
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Step 5: The package is being installed
37
9 Upgrading Sapphire
38
Every official software delivery from 7signal contains Release Notes. It is always advisable to
read the Release Notes for the latest information on the software.
However, upgrade instructions seem to vary per releases in such proportion that it is justified
to deliver upgrade instructions separately from the software package. This piece of
information is provided by 7signal Services and Operations.
The upgrades can be divided into three categories:
1) Major version upgrades;
2) Minor version upgrades;
3) Hotfix upgrades.
9.1 Major version upgrade
Major change is likely to contain a completely new technology or a profound change in the
ways of interaction. Database changes are likely. All the components are to be updated.
9.2 Minor version upgrade
Similar to major version upgrade except that minor releases just typically combine the agreed
new features.
9.3 Hotfix upgrade
There should not be any change in the database. Currently all the Sapphire elements are
updated. 7signal explores a way to lighten the upgrade process regarding the hotfixes.
The hotfixes aim to solve a single problem, malfunction or similar that could potentially stop
the system from producing measurements.
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9 UPGRADING SAPPHIRE
10 Log Settings
39
All 7signal Sapphire elements have logging capability.
10.1 Carat server log
The log file - server.log - is located in /opt/7signal/Carat/7signal. The directory
contains older log files as well named server.log.* where by default the asterisk (*) is in range
of 1..5. Altogether, there is one active log file named server.log and five files for circulating the
files. The oldest logs do get overwritten.
To check the latest logs one should issue the following command:
# 7carat log
For continuos real-time logging
# 7carat log -f
The Carat log level can be changed from INFO to DEBUG which produces much more detailed
information. The file in default install is
/opt/7signal/Carat/7signal/conf/logging.prop
and the corresponding lines in the property file are:
#root logger
log4j.rootLogger=[INFO |DEBUG]
Other changes in this file are possible and should be according the open license tool named
log4j. 7signal does not take responsibility of other changes than the logging level.
10.2 Carat GUI log
In Windows by default the log file - client.log - is located in folder
\Program Files\7signal Sapphire Carat Client\7signal
In Linux the log file - client.log - is located in folder
/root
10.3 Eye log
NOTE: as this is Eye logging, all the commands are to be given in the prompt of
the monitoring station, not in Carat or Sonar server.
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10 LOG SETTINGS
10 Log Settings
40
# logread -f
Without any arguments the command shows 100 most recent lines of log and returns
immediately:
# logread
The log can be set to a file instead of the ring-buffer with 7config log – command that has a
built-in help.
NOTE! If one moves away from the circular logging, one must maintain the file
system and log size manually.
The following command shows the log level and log target information:
# 7config log show
10.4 Loupe log
Loupe is based on Tomcat so the log file is named catalina.out and is by default in directory
/opt/7signal/Loupe/apache*/logs.
Tool to follow the most recent logging is
# 7loupe log
and for continuous monitoring:
# 7loupe log -f
10.5 Sonar log (Linux)
The log file - sonar-server.log - is located by default in /opt/7signal/Sonar/Sonar/log.
Please use the typical tools for text files such as more, less or any editor of preference.
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The Eye unit has a circular log that can be followed real-time with the following command:
11 Sapphire Process Management
11.1 Carat
Carat is a service in Linux systems. However, the Carat process is supposed to be used by
7signal tool called 7carat:
# 7carat 
start
stop
restart
status
11.2 Loupe
Loupe is a service in Linux systems. However, the Loupe process is supposed to be used by
7signal tool called 7loupe:
# 7loupe 
start
stop
restart
status
11.3 Sonar
Sonar is a service in Linux systems. However, the Sonar process is supposed to be used by
7signal tool called 7sonar:
# 7sonar 
start
stop
restart
status
11.4 Eye
NOTE: The following command requires session in the monitoring station.
The 7signal tool 7config controls the Eye configuration. See more details on the tool on
Appendix A. The process is controlled with command group run.
# 7config run 
start
stop
restart
status
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11 SAPPHIRE PROCESS MANAGEMENT
41
12 Troubleshoot
42
By this far one should have all the processes started and running
12.1 GUI client cannot connect to Carat server
1. Check that username and password are correct in the GUI
2. Check that Carat server is running
a. run 7carat status
b. read the Carat server log
c. if necessary, issue command 7carat start and go to b)
3. Check that GUI port 47777 (default) is open in the firewall of the GUI host
4. Check that RMI port 1099 (default) is open in the firewall of the GUI host
5. Check that the Carat server RMI address is the right one in the GUI host
a. The script run_7signal_Carat_mgmt_server.sh contains the IP address
as _rmiserver_prop variable.
i. the default location for the script is
/opt/7signal/Carat/7signal/
b. Check that this variable has the right Carat server address
12.2 Cannot add Eye unit
1. Check that license.xml file is located in the Carat server
a. Check the Carat server log for possible license errors
b. Check the existence of the file
i. The default location for the license file is
/opt/7signal/Carat/7signal/conf
2.
3.
4.
5.
c. The file permission should be 744.
d. Check the contents of the file to see any anomalies
Run 7config verify command in Eye unit
Check that maximum number of Eye’s (license defines) is not exceeded.
Check that carat.keystore is located in the Carat server
the default folder location is /opt/7signal/Carat/7signal/conf
12.3 Scan test failed
When running scans in Carat, one might get error message “Warning, Scan test failed on Eye
unit”
1.
2.
3.
Is the IP connection OK between Carat server and the Eye ethernet interface?
Verify that Eye unit connections are OK
a. In Eye prompt run the command 7config verify
Restart Eye software
a. In Eye prompt run the command 7config run restart
12.4 No access to Sonar server, active test failed
1.
2.
Check that Sonar server is configured correctly to Carat (Manage|Sonar View)
a. IP address and Sonar port
Check that Sonar server is up and running
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12 TROUBLESHOOT
12 Troubleshoot
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Check the process at the host with the command
a. service 7signalSonar status
b. Remotely one can telnet  
i. Sonar opens the connection and closes it after 1 second of idle time
Check Sonar log for error messages
Check that Sonar ports are open in the firewall(s)
Check that the wlan encryption key has correct definition
Check that the key is bound to the managed network
Check connectivity options and requirements for Eye and Sonar
12.5 Loupe client cannot connect to Carat server
Loupe and Carat are both run in the Carat host machine.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Check that username and password are correct
Check Loupe log for error messages
a. Run command 7loupe log
Check that loupe server is running
a. Run command 7loupe status
Check Carat log for error messages
a. Run command 7carat log
Check that carat server is running
a. Run command 7carat status
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3.
43
13 Command-line tool for Eye
44
13.1 Overview
7config is a command line utility for configuring various things in Eye unit. Commands are
divided into thematic command groups so that each group contains one or more commands. A
command may also have an argument and a value.
Currently supported command groups are the following:
ip: IP address management.
keys: Key storage management.
ap: Access point configuration storage management.
conn: Connection management.
run: Software run-state management.
txp: External antenna configuration.
log: Log configuration
iface: Global interface management.
verify: System verification.
Command group specific help can be shown with command
7config  help
General help can be shown with command
7config help
13.2 IP command group
This command group contains commands for configuring IP configuration
of Eye management interface (eth1). Currently, it is possible to show
current IP configuration, set IP address, network mask and default
gateway address of the management interface. It is also possible to
take a backup from current IP configuration, and restore the
configuration from the backup.
7config ip
[VALUE]
'set' command arguments:
addr
Set IP address of management interface (eth1)
VALUE = Valid IPv4 address
mask
Set netmask of IP address of management address
VALUE = Valid IPv4 netmask in dotted format
(x.x.x.x)
port
Set management port
VALUE = TCP port number
gateway
Set IP address of default gateway (optional)
VALUE = Valid IPv4 address
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13 COMMAND-LINE TOOL FOR EYE
13 Command-line tool for Eye
45
'backup' command arguments:
create
Create backup from existing IP configuration.
restore
Restore IP configuration from backup.
Examples
Setting IP address of the management interface:
# 7config ip set addr 
Setting network mask of the management interface:
# 7config ip set mask 
Setting port of the management interface:
# 7config ip set port 
Create backup from current IP configuration:
# 7config ip backup create
Restore IP configuration from a backup:
# 7config ip backup restore
Show current IP configuration:
# 7config ip show
13.3 Keys command group
This command group contains command for managing WLAN network keys stored to Eye unit.
Currently, the only supported operation is to destroy all wlan keys from the Eye.
# 7config keys destroy
13.4 AP command group
This command group contains command for managing Access Point information stored to Eye
unit. Currently, the only supported operation is to destroy all Access Point information from
the Eye.
# 7config ap destroy
13.5 Conn command group
This command group contains commands for managing encryption settings of management
traffic between Eye unit and Carat server. Currently supported operations are to show
configured TLS encryption key file name, set TLS encryption key file name, and set password of
the encryption key file.
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'show' command arguments: none
13 Command-line tool for Eye
[VALUE]
'cert' command arguments:
set
Set management connection encryption certificate
file.
VALUE = Certificate file name. File must
reside in /nand/etc/certificates directory.
show
Show current encryption certificate file name.
'pwd' command arguments
set
Set encryption certificate password.
Examples
Show file name of the configured TLS encryption key file:
# 7config conn cert show
Set file name of the TLS encryption key file:
# 7config conn cert set 
Set password of the TLS encryption key:
# 7config conn pwd set 
13.6 Run command group
This command group contains commands for managing Eye software run-state. Currently
supported operations are to ask current status of the software, and to start, stop and restart
the software.
7config run
status
start
stop
restart
Show status of Eye software.
Start Eye software.
Stop Eye software.
Restart Eye software.
Examples
Query status of the Eye software:
# 7config run status
Start the Eye software:
# 7config run start
Stop the Eye software:
# 7config run stop
Restart the Eye software:
# 7config run restart
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7config conn
46
13 Command-line tool for Eye
47
This command group contains commands for showing and setting of TX power related
parameters. Currently supported operations are showing of TX power settings, setting default
TX power, setting gain of an external antenna and setting cable loss of the external antenna.
7config txp [ARG] [VALUE]
'show' command arguments:
default
Show default TX power.
ext
Show configured gain of external antenna.
cable
Show configured cable loss of external antenna.
If no arguments given, all information will be shown.
'set' command arguments:
default
Set default TX power.
VALUE = TX power (dBm).
ext
Set gain of external antenna.
VALUE = Gain of external antenna (dBi).
cable
Set cable loss of external antenna.
VALUE = Cable loss of external antenna cable
(dB).
Examples
Show all information in TX power configuration:
# 7config txp show
Show configured cable loss:
# 7config txp show cable
Set external antenna gain to 10 dBi:
# 7config txp set ext 10
13.8 Log command group
This command group contains commands for configuring log production of the Eye. Logs can
be produced either to a ring buffer on RAM (this is the default, can be read by logread
command), or to persistent storage on NAND flash in folder /nand/ as files named syslog*.
Reading of the log files is either from the chosen storage directly or with a command logread.
By default, only the critical messages are logged. Currently, the
supported commands are:
show which shows the current log configuration.
set
o level which sets the current level of logging
o default which sets default level of logging at system start-up
o target which sets logging target, ring buffer or NAND.
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13.7 Txp command group
13 Command-line tool for Eye
Log levels are the following:
CRIT - Critical messages
ERROR - Error messages
WARN - Warning messages.
INFO - Informational messages.
DEBUG - Debug messages.
Log levels are cumulative, i.e. the level CRIT logs only critical messages, WARN logs all levels
including CRITICAL, ERROR and WARN messages. DEBUG logs all possible messages.
Log command group arguments:
'show'
Show log configuration.
'set' command arguments:
level
Set log level.
VALUE = CRIT | ERROR | WARN | INFO | DEBUG
default
Set default log level. This log level will be active
when 7signal software starts.
VALUE = CRIT | ERROR | WARN | INFO | DEBUG
target
Set logging target.
VALUE = buffer | persistent
Examples
Set log level to DEBUG:
# 7config log set level DEBUG
Set log level to WARN:
# 7config log set level WARN
Set default log level to ERROR:
# 7config log set default ERROR
Show default log level:
# 7config log show
Set logging target to NAND flash:
# 7config log set target persistent
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Log level set by 'set level'command remains active until restart of
the system. Default log level after installation is "ERROR".
48
14 Command-line tooL for database management
49
7db command is a tool for Carat database. It supports limited data retrieval, general
management and database backup administrator for both immediate and automatic backups.
It is recommended that database backups should be taken regularly.
7db command groups:
dump
Dump export and import
show
Show status and configurations
reinit
Re-initialize databases
backup
Automatic backup management
logsetup
To change the current logging method
db2
Access to database management system command-line tool
14.1 Dump command group
Creates an instant database backup dump or restores previous backups.
Examples
Make a dump to a gzipped tar file
# 7db dump export
Import a dump
# 7db dump import 7signal-dump.tgz
14.2 Logsetup command
Changes the way the underlying DBMS handles logging.
NOTE: the command is trivial to issue but it’s consequences are highly resource
consuming. Observe awareness when using this command.
There are two different logging modes in 7signal Sapphire. This command switches between
the modes. There is lots of informative output as this command should not be used carelessly
or without proper planning and understanding of the consequences.
The command examines the current state of all three different underlying databases. In case
they differ from each other, the processing shall stop as it is expected that all the databases
are handled similarly. In case the logging method differs, there has been some significant error
in DB administration and system otherwise.
The logsetup command may result in numerous backups for the safety reasons so the overall
process duration is rather long.
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14 COMMAND-LINE TOOL FOR DATABASE
MANAGEMENT
14 Command-line tooL for database management
Creates instant and automatic database backups.
NOTE: the backup policy should be well-planned. Please see the 7signal Sapphire
User Guide for further discussion on backup and the options available.
Backup commands:
show
Show automatic backup configuration
remove
Remove automatic backup configuration
set
Configure automatic backup
o daily  
o weekly   
 = Mon, Tue, Wed, etc.
now
directory 
Backup directory is optional if a backup
configuration already exists.
Immediate backup.
online
offline
restore Recovery command
Examples
Remove configuration
# 7db backup remove
Backup every Wednesday at 00:30 to /mnt/backups
# 7db backup set weekly Wed 00:30 /mnt/backups
Backup every day at 03:00 to /mnt/backups
# 7db backup set daily 03:00 /mnt/backups
Change backup directory to /mnt/newbackups, do not change time settings
# 7db backup set directory /mnt/newbackups
Backup every Sunday at 00:30, do not change backup directory
# 7db backup set weekly Sun 01:30
Back the system up immediately
# 7db backup now offline
Restore a known-to-be-good system state
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14.3 Backup command group
50
14 Command-line tooL for database management
14.4 Show command group
Shows the status and configuration of the database
Show commands:
tabstatus Show the status of the tables.
o all
o 
conf
Show configuration of the database.
Examples
Show status of the tables in the MEAS7 and MGMT7 databases
# 7db show tabstatus all
Show status of the tables in the SECUR7 database
# 7db show tabstatus secur7
Show status of the CARAT7.ap_ftp_qos_test table in the MEAS7 database
# 7db show tabstatus meas7 ap_ftp_qos_test
Show configuration of the database
# 7db show conf
14.5 Delete command group
Delete data from the database tables
# 7db delete
NOTE: use reinit to reset 7signal Sapphire, delete merely does what it says: it
deletes table contents and does not guarantee that Sapphire is usable after the
command. The user must know how to restore some sound and complete state of
the system before issuing this command.
14.6 Reinit command group
Empty the database and resume initial state of the system.
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# 7db backup restore 
51
14 Command-line tooL for database management
# 7db reinit all
Re-initialize the MEAS7 database
# 7db reinit meas7
Re-initialize CARAT7.ap_ftp_qos_test table in the MEAS7 database
# 7db reinit meas7 ap_ftp_qos_test
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# 7db reinit
Examples
Re-initialize the MEAS7 and MGMT7 databases
52
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