ADC Telecommunications DAS8-4-W In-Building Distributed Antenna System User Manual J bonnie john front cover eps

ADC Telecommunications Inc. In-Building Distributed Antenna System J bonnie john front cover eps

Part 1 Users Manual

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This manual is produced for use by LGC Wireless personnel, licensees, and customers. The information contained herein is the property of LGC Wireless. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of LGC Wireless.LGC Wireless reserves the right to make changes, without notice, to the specifications and materials contained herein, and shall not be responsible for any damages caused by reliance on the material as presented, including, but not limited to, typographical and listing errors.Your comments are welcome – they help us improve our products and documentation. Please address your comments to LGC Wireless corporate headquarters in San Jose, CA, or call us at 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. customers) or +1-408-487-2400 (international customers).© Copyright LGC Wireless, 1998 and 1999. Printed in USA. All rights reservedTrademarksAll trademarks identified by ™ or ® are trademarks or registered trademark of LGC Wireless, Inc. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners.Limited WarrantySeller warrants articles of its manufacture against defective materials or workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment to Purchaser, except as provided in any warranty applicable to Purchaser on or in the package containing the Goods (which warranty takes precedence over the following warranty). The liability of Seller under the foregoing warranty is limited, at Seller’s option, solely to repair or replacement with equivalent Goods, or an appropriate adjustment not to exceed the sales price to Purchaser, provided that (a) Seller is notified in writing by Purchaser, within the one year warranty period, promptly upon discovery of defects, with a detailed description of such defects, (b) Purchaser has obtained a Return Materials Authorization (“RMA”) from Seller, which RMA Seller agrees to provide Purchaser promptly upon request, (c) the defective Goods are returned to Seller, transportation and other applicable charges prepaid by the Purchaser, and (d) Seller’s examination of such Goods discloses to its reasonable satisfaction that defects were not caused by negligence, misuse, improper installation, improper maintenance, accident or unauthorized repair or alteration or any other cause outside the scope of Purchaser’s warranty made hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller shall have the option to repair any defective Goods at Purchaser’s facility. The original warranty period for any Goods that have been repaired or replaced by seller will not thereby be extended. In addition, all sales will be subject to standard terms and conditions on the sales contract.
LGC WirelessLGC Wireless is a leading supplier of wireless solutions that enable mobile voice and data communications and wireless Internet access throughout any facility. The company’s wireless system, the LGCellTM, provides mobile users with highly reliable access to high-quality voice and wireless data via cellular and PCS networks throughout any private (corporation, university, hospital) or public (airport, convention center, subway) facility.LGC Wireless has received all type approvals for the LGCell, including the European CE Mark, and is currently shipping product to more than 12 countries. The LGCell supports all global wireless access standards including TDMA, CDMA, AMPS, GSM and iDEN. LGC Wireless also offers a full range of professional services to ensure cost effective and timely deployment of wireless networks. Your comments can assist us in improving our products and documentation. Please address them to LGC Wireless, Inc.LGC Wireless, Inc.Address 585 East Brokaw RoadSan Jose, California95112-1017 USAPhone 1-408-487-2400Fax 1-408-487-2410Help Hot Line (U.S. only) 1-800-530-9960Net Address http://www.lgcwireless.come-mail info@lgcwireless.com
Table of ContentsAbout This Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiAbout LGCell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1What LGCell Is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3LGCell Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6How LGCell Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10LGCell Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11What You Need to Do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12LGCell Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1Standard Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3Expansion Hub. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10Remote Antenna Unit (RAU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13LGCell System Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16Band Selective Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20LGCell Site Planning and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1Project Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3RF Coverage Estimate for a Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4RF Measurements and Site Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7Site Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7LGCell Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1System Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3LGCell Standard Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5LGCell Equipment Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5Alarm Report Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18Connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 Connecting Multiple LGCell Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3Connecting two LGCells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3Connecting More Than Two LGCells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4Connecting LGCell to Base Stations, Microcells, or Picocells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4 Common Problems, Troubleshooting, and Frequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1Common Problems and Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3LED Indicator Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4Troubleshooting Guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6Diagnostic Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8Frequently Asked Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
ii Table of ContentsAppendix A – Cables, Connectors, and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1Cables and Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3LGCell Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7Appendix B – TIA/EIA 568-A Cabling Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1 Appendix C – Compliance Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1IEC/EN 60825-2 - Safe Use of Optical Fiber Communication Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-6 Appendix D – Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1Appendix E – Alarm Report Monitor (ARM2000) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1Description of the ARM2000 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-3ARM2000 System Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-4ARM2000-RU (Remote Unit) Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-4PCARM Installation for ARM2000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-7Security Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-12Alarm and Device Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-16PCARM Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-21Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-28
LGCell Installation ProcedureThis section shows the steps involved in installing an LGCell system.For a detailed description of LGCell installation procedures, refer to Section 4, LGCell Installation. If you plan to connect your LGCell system to more than one radio or base station, you also need the Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual. Install LGCell equipment in the wiring, telecom, or electrical closet(s) indicated on your site installation plan. LGC Wireless provides the following equipment and supplies for installation:•LGCell Main Hub(s), each with two rack mount elbow brackets and four rack mount screws•LGCell Expansion Hub(s), each with two rack mount elbow brackets and four rack mount screws•Remote Antenna Unit(s) (RAUs) and in-building antenna(s), with four mounting screws for each RAU•LGCell Installation and Reference Guide•Optionally, Integration Module Installation and Reference ManualYou also need the following equipment and supplies:•Cable and connectors already installed and terminated. LGC Wireless recommends plenum-rated Category 5 (CAT 5) or better, Unshielded Twisted Pair or Shielded Twisted Pair (UTP/STP) and Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) cable.•AC power supply (100-240 VAC at 1.6 A and 50/60 Hz) available for each Main Hub•19” equipment rack space in the wiring closet•Phillips screwdriver•MMF cleaner recommended by the cable manufacturerInspect the equipment and supplies before you start the LGCell installation. Make sure that the UTP/STP and MMF cables are terminated correctly and that the connectors are clean and free of dust or oil (use recommended cleaner as necessary). If you have any problems, call LGC Wireless at 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. customers) or +1-408-487-2400 (international customers).
ii LGCell Installation ProcedureThe procedure for installing the LGCell system follows. Section 4, LGCell Installation, describes the installation procedure in detail.A. Main Hub Installation1Mount one or more LGCell Main Hubs in an equipment rack in the assigned wiring closet location, using the four screws provided for each hub.2Connect the AC power to each Main Hub and power up the hub.3Connect two clean MMF cables to each Main Hub port.4Check the Main Hub Sync and Link Status LEDs (connected = green, not connected = red).5Connect the RF cable from the antenna(s) to the Main Hub(s) (for a roof-mounted antenna, insert a lightning arrestor or surge protector).B. Expansion Hub Installation1Mount one or more LGCell Expansion Hubs in the equipment rack, using the four screws provided for each hub.2Connect the AC power to each Expansion Hub and power up the hub.3Connect all MMF cables from the Main Hub(s) to the Expansion Hub(s).4Check the Expansion Hub Sync and Link Status LEDs (connected = green, not connected = red)5Connect CAT 5 cable to the respective portsC. RAU and Antenna Installation1Mount the RAU(s) and antenna(s).2Connect the UTP/STP cables from the Expansion Hubs to the RJ-45 connectors on the RAU(s).3Connect an accessory antenna to each RAU SMA connector.4Check the LEDs on the RAU(s). If not connected properly or sync is not achieved, then one LED will be red. When connected, one LED should be green and the other not lit.D. System Monitoring using the ARM (if provisioned)1Install the Alarm Report Monitor (ARM) panel adjacent to the Main Hubs.2Connect the octopus cable to the connector on the ARM.3Connect one DB9 connector from the octopus cable to each ARM unit.4Set the dip switch in the ARM to the appropriate ID number.5Connect the ARM unit to a local PSTN line.6Install the ARM system software on a PC at the NOC.7Configure the software and dial into the ARM unit to set its parameters (dial-in number, and so on).
About This ManualThis Installation and Reference Manual describes the following LGCell products:•LGCell 800 MHz AMPS/TDMA/CDMA/iDEN•LGCell 900 MHz GSM•LGCell 1800 MHz DCS•LGCell 1800 MHz Korean PCS•LGCell 1900 MHz TDMA/CDMA/GSM•LGCell Dual Band 900 GSM/1800 DCSSystem operation for these products is identical. The only differences between the products are the operating frequency range, access scheme (TDMA, GSM, etc.) and certain operating parameters (gain, etc.). In this manual, distinctions between different systems are clearly indicated.This section provides an overview of this Installation and Reference Manual, describes conventions, and provides other useful information.If you plan to connect your LGCell system to more than one radio or base station, you also need the Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual. OverviewThis manual provides information to prepare for and install the LGCell equipment. The following steps need to be taken:•RF engineering and system design•Equipment purchasing•Cable preparation•Equipment installation and commissioning
iv About This ManualThis manual has six sections and five appendixes:1About LGCell Describes the LGCell’s functions, applications, components and its advantages.2LGCell Equipment Describes the standard LGCell equipment andoperation and provides System Specifications.3LGCell Site Planning Contains information about pre-installationand Design preparation and project management from site planning through LGCell installation. The tasks involved and an estimated timetable are provided.4LGCell Installation Describes system requirements, lists standard equipment, and gives LGCell equipment installation procedures.5 Connectivity Contains Maximum Input/Output RF Power and RFPower per Carrier tables and describes how to connect multiple LGCell systems.6 Common Problems, Describes how to diagnose and solve operationalTroubleshooting, and problems and gives answers to questions thatFrequently Asked customers ask frequently.QuestionsAppendix A – Cables, Contains information about cables, connectors,Connectors and and accessories for LGCell applications.AccessoriesAppendix B – Contains information about standards for TIA/EIA 568-A in-building cabling.Cabling StandardsAppendix C – Provides system approval status and regulatoryCompliance notices for various countries.InformationAppendix D – Services Lists the services that LGC Wireless can providefor customers.Appendix E – Alarm Describes the ARM2000 system, which can be usedReport Monitor to monitor LGCell alarms. (ARM2000)
vTerminologyThis manual uses the following acronyms.Acronym DescriptionAMPS Advanced Mobile Phone SystemARM Alarm Report MonitorBTS Macrocellular base stationCAT 5 Category 5 unshielded or shielded twisted pair cableCDMA Code Division Multiple AccessEH Expansion HubGSM Global Systems for Mobile CommunicationsiDEN integrated Digital Enhanced NetworkIM Integration ModuleLED Light emitting diodeMBS Microcellular base stationMH Main HubMMF Multi-mode fiberPCS Personal Communications ServicesRAU Remote Antenna UnitRF Radio Frequency signalsTDMA Time Division Multiple AccessUTP/STP Unshielded twisted pair or shielded twisted pair (cable)Conventions This manual uses the following conventions as described:Words in italicized type Used for cross-references to other places in the manualWords in boldface type Used for emphasisWords in THIS TYPEFACE Identifies labels on Main Hubs, Expansion Hubs, and Remote Antenna Units
vi About This Manual This manual uses the following symbols as described.This symbol represents additional INFORMATION.It is used to emphasize text with unusual importance, special significance, or to provide supplemental information.This symbol represents CAUTION.It alerts users that a given action or omitted action can cause or contribute to a hazardous condition. Damage to the equipment can occur.This symbol represents WARNING.It appears when a given action or omitted action can result in catastrophic damage to the equipment or cause injury to the user. PrecautionsThis section describes general safety precautions for LGCell products and safety precautions for Fiber Ports on the hubs.General Safety PrecautionsThe following precautions apply to LGCell products.•LGCell has no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units are fully replaceable through LGC Wireless. Please contact us at 1-800-530-9960. For international customers, please contact us at +1-408-487-2400.•Never input an RF signal to the Main Hub Duplex port that is higher than those defined on page 17 in Section 2, LGCell Equipment.•Although modeled after an Ethernet/LAN-like architecture and connectivity, LGCell units (Main Hub, Expansion Hub, and the Remote Antenna Unit) are not intended to connect to Ethernet data hubs, routers, cards or other similar data equipment.•For improved air circulation, be sure to leave at least one inch (25 mm) of space between all hubs and between any other equipment in the rack. If mounting a hub on the rack’s bottom shelf, also leave at least a one inch of clearance from the bottom.
vii•When you connect the Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) Optical Cable, take the same precaution as if installing Ethernet network equipment. All optical fiber ST connectors should be cleaned according to the cable manufacturer’s instructions.•When you connect a radiating antenna to an RAU, DO NOT over-tighten the SMA connector. Firmly hand-tightening the connector is adequate.To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this equipment to rain or moisture.Fiber Port Safety PrecautionsSuggested safety precautions for working with LGCell Fiber Ports follow. For information about LGCell compliance with safety standards, see Appendix C – Compliance Information.•Viewing fiber: Observe the following warning about viewing fiber ends in ports. Do not stare with unprotected eyes at the connector ends of the fibers or the ports of the hubs.Invisible infrared radiation is present at the front panel of the Main Hub and Expansion Hub. Do not remove the Fiber Port dust cover unless the port is in use. Do not stare directly into a Fiber Port.•Test fiber cables: When you use test fiber optical cables, connect the optical power source last and disconnect it first.•Fiber ends: Cover any unconnected fiber ends with an approved cap. Do not use tape.•Broken fiber cables: Do not stare with unprotected eyes at any broken ends of the fibers. Report any broken fiber cables and have them replaced.•Cleaning: Use only approved methods for cleaning optical fiber connectors.•Modifications: Do not make any unauthorized modifications to this fiber optical system or associated equipment.•Live work: Live work is permitted on the LGCell as it is a Class 1 hazard.•Signs: No warning signs are required.•Test equipment: Use Class 1 test equipment.
viii About This Manual
1About LGCellThis section is an overview of the LGCell. It gives a brief description of the system and applications, the LGCell equipment, how it works, why it’s better than the competition, and what you need to do to install the system.Later sections of this Installation and Reference Manual contain a detailed description of the LGCell system.ContentsAbout LGCellWhat LGCell Is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3LGCell Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6How LGCell Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10LGCell Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11What You Need to Do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1-2 About LGCell
1-3What LGCell IsLGCell is a “plug-and-play” in-building distributed antenna system (DAS) that enables highly reliable, high-quality wireless communications.This one-person-one-phone capability gives a wireless phone user the ability to use their wireless phone in any location throughout the enterprise and beyond.Seamless coverage lets wireless phone users roam freely between buildings as well as indoors and outdoors without changing phones.An LGCell system has the following equipment:•Main Hub (MH)•Expansion Hub (EH)•Remote Antenna Unit (RAU)Double-Star Topology for Easy, Cost-Effective GrowthThe LGCell system uses a double-star topology, which allows for easy, cost-effective growth of coverage and/or capacity. Each Main Hub supports up to four Expansion Hubs. Each Expansion Hub, in turn, supports up to four RAUs.The Main Hub is located in an equipment closet and the Expansion Hubs are distributed out into other equipment closets throughout a building. The RAUs are then distributed off each Expansion Hub to provide coverage.Bringing Outside In – Increases Wireless Network CoverageOutdoor macrocellular base stations (BTSs) transmit and receive Radio Frequency (RF) signals, which enable communications with wireless phones. The RF signals are not always available or adequate inside a building, campus, tunnel, subway, or other hard-to-reach location. The LGCell system delivers high-quality wireless Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF)Roof-001LGCellExistingOutdoorBase StationMountedAntennaCategory 5 UTP/STPIn-BuildingAntennaRepeater
1-4 About LGCellcommunications when a user is within range of an LGCell Remote Antenna Unit (RAU).LGCell Increases In-Building CoverageLGCell operates in the cellular or PCS frequency bands and can act as an extension to the cellular or PCS network.LGCell extends RF signal coverage in places where the coverage is unacceptable.This extended coverage allows users to roam between buildings and the outside world while maintaining wireless phone conversations without changing phones.LGCell provides coverage for a variety of applications including single and multiple floor buildings, campus environments, tunnels, subways, and public facilities.LGCell can be connected to a separate repeater for a power boost or when line of sight is poor.•Increase In-Building Coverage with Multiple LGCellsUse multiple LGCell systems to increase coverage in very tall buildings or large facilities.•Increase Coverage for Separate Service ProvidersUse one or more LGCell systems for cellular networks and use one or more for PCS networks.•Increase Coverage for Separate NetworksUse one or more LGCell system for public networks and use one or more for private networks.Expanding Inside – Increases In-Building Capacity and CapabilityIncreased in-building wireless coverage from the outdoor wireless networks does not always fully address in-building needs. Coverage is only beneficial if all potential users can access the network.b002Roof-Mounted AntennaRepeaterWiringClosetMHEHRAU
1-5Microcellular Base Station (MBS) for Increased CapacityConnecting the LGCell to a local, centralized MBS provides additional capacity, as well as enhanced coverage.This in-building microcellular wireless network increases the number of in-building users able to communicate through their wireless phones.•LGCell provides coverage•MBS provides voice channel capacity•Protocol independent•Calls can be charged at a flat rate versus cellular or PCS rate inside the building•Provides completely uniform radio coverage at low cost•MBS capacity is dynamically allocated as needed•Maintenance and control of the wireless network are centralizedThe LGCell/MBS connection allocates capacity to various locations within the enterprise as user traffic patterns change over the course of a day.Integration Modules for Dynamic Allocation of Radio CapacityLGC Wireless provides Integration Modules that can be used with the LGCell to efficiently centralize additional radio capacity inside a facility. These Modules provide the connection between the radios for the facility and the LGCell system. Because the Integration Modules distribute all available capacity automatically throughout all antennas within a cell, available capacity is dynamically allocated throughout the entire coverage area, thus providing an improved grade of service without the need to conduct ongoing traffic monitoring and analysis.Specific installation information on all available Integration Modules is in the Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual. LGCell, MBS, PBX* for Increased Coverage, Capacity, and FunctionalityInterfacing the LGCell with an MBS/PBX network gives wireless phone users PBX functionality through their wireless phones, anytime, anywhere.*Check with PBX manufacturer/vendor for compatibility, connection, and operation.a010MBS MHEHEHEHEHRAU
1-6 About LGCellWith the LGCell/MBS/PBX solution, employees can use a wireless phone in place of a wireline desk phone to access the PBX while inside the building and use the same phone for wireless communications while outside the building. The MBS private wireless network transmits RF signals indoors, and the macrocellular network takes over outdoors.• Access PBX features such as four-digit dialing, call delivery, call forwarding, call-waiting, conferencing, and voice mail•Billed at discounted local calling rates or a flat enterprise rate for calls made inside the LGCell vicinity•Users can maintain the same telephone number inside and outside of the building, enabling anytime, anywhere communicationLGCell EquipmentOne fully equipped LGCell system consists of the following parts:• One Main Hub• Up to four Expansion Hubs• Up to 16 RAUs (four per Expansion Hub)Multiple LGCell systems can be stacked for various applications. (See Section 5, Connectivity.)A Dual Band LGCell system has two Main Hubs and at least two Expansion Hubs. A Dual Band system is a combination of single bands. The following illustration shows a Dual Band 900/1800 LGCell system.a011PBX MBS MHEHEHEHEHRAU
1-7Dual Band LGCell SystemThe following sections provide a brief overview of LGCell equipment. For a detailed description of the equipment, see Section 2, LGCell Equipment.The Main Hub
1-8 About LGCellThe Main Hub mounts into a standard 19" equipment rack commonly found in wiring closets or equipment rooms (Main Hub width is 17.25”, or 438 mm).•Interfaces to the wireless network•Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm)•Connects to a roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS via standard coaxial cable or low-loss coaxial cable with N-type male connectorsDual Band Main HubThe Main Hub for a Dual Band LGCell system is a pair of Main Hubs, one for each band.The Expansion Hub
1-9The Expansion Hub also mounts into a standard 19" equipment rack (width 17.25”, or 438 mm).•Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm)•Connects to the Main Hub via standard Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) cable (up to 1.5 dB optical loss, approximately 1 kilometer without jumpers).•Hubs can be located in wiring closets anywhere in the buildingDual Band Expansion HubAn Expansion Hub for a Dual Band LGCell system is a pair of Expansion Hubs, one for each band.The Remote Antenna Unit (RAU)The RAUs a re strategically positioned in and around a building to provide high-quality reception for wireless services.•Connects to the Expansion Hubs via standard CAT 5 (or better) unshielded or shielded twisted pair (UTP/STP) cable (up to 60 meters) (TIA/EIA 568-A standard)•Mounts onto a variety of building materials. Can be placed anywhere – above or below the ceiling, on the wall, or in other locations.•Connects to any external antenna, dipole, directional, omnidirectional, panel, or other antenna
1-10 About LGCellDual Band RAUThe RAU for a Dual Band LGCell system is a pair of RAUs, one for each band.How LGCell WorksLGCell connects in an Ethernet, LAN-like architecture, using a double-star topology. It uses proprietary technology to provide wireless access within buildings, subways, tunnels and other locations where reception is poor.System OperationSystem operation for all of the LGCell DAS products is identical. The only differences between the products are the operating frequency range, access scheme (TDMA, GSM, etc.) and certain operating parameters (gain, etc.). The Main Hub connects to an RF source:•a roof-mounted antenna or repeater for coverage applications; or•an MBS for capacity or wireless PBX applications, or both.LGCell distributes cellular and PCS signals through standard MMF and standard UTP/STP cable found in most buildings. This allows installation of in-building wireless services with minimal installation time and cost.
1-11Transmit/Forward/Downlink (BTS to Phone)The incoming RF signal into the Main Hub is split into several fiber optic transceivers that convert the RF signal to an optical signal. The Main Hub transmits the converted signal over the fiber to the Expansion Hub. The Expansion Hub converts the optical signal to an RF signal and transmits the RF signals to the RAUs. The RAUs then transmit the RF signals to the antenna and then to wireless phones.Receive/Reverse/Uplink (Phone to BTS)The RAUs transmit RF signals from wireless phones back through the antenna and to the Expansion Hubs. The Expansion Hubs transmit the RF signals back to the Main Hub in optical form. The Main hub converts the optical signals back to electrical signals and sends them to an MBS, a repeater, or a roof-mounted antenna. For a detailed description of system operation, see Section 2, LGCell Equipment.LGCell AdvantagesThe LGCell solution is based on a fundamentally new approach that has cost and engineering advantages not found in competitive systems.Competitive systems offer similar capabilities but require sophisticated RF engineering and take a long time to install. They typically use specialty cables that require expensive, difficult, time-consuming, and potentially disruptive installations.LGCell’s plug-and-play design requires minimal RF engineering and planning. Its unique double-star architecture keeps service and maintenance to a minimum, unlike cascaded antenna systems. The flexible architecture permits deployment in the most difficult RF environments.LGCell’s low cost and simple installation effectively provide both coverage and capacity enhancements to meet the demands of the growing wireless network.
1-12 About LGCellLGCell Uses Industry StandardsLGCell’s use of industry standards and standard equipment offers high reliability and low cost.•Complies with industry standards for IS-19-B/AMPS, J-std-8, IS-136/TDMA, IS-95/CDMA, ETSI 300 609-4/GSM (CE marked), and iDEN.•Utilizes the TIA/EIA 568-A Ethernet cabling standards for ease of installation (see Appendix A – Cables, Connectors, and Accessories).•Distributes signals over a building’s existing industry-standard cable infrastructure of MMF and UTP/STP cable.•Complies with UL and FCC or CE mark requirements.•Primarily constructed with highly reliable industry-standard components produced in high-volume for the LAN and wireless industries. High quality and reliability are assured.Minimal Design, Installation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting•Site engineering is simplified since compensation for cable loss and amplifiers do not need to be designed into the system, which saves precious RF Engineering time and support.•Using standard cabling reduces installation to simple equipment mounting and cable connection.•Centralized hub locations facilitate maintenance, upgrades, and adaptability to new standards.•The LGCell’s star configuration eases troubleshooting – it is immediately clear if an RAU is faulty.•LGCell provides full Operations Alarm Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P). The Main Hub senses major alarms through contact closure. These alarms can be sent to remote locations. (For information on the Alarm Report Monitor, see Appendix E – Alarm Report Monitor (ARM2000).)What You Need to DoAssess the installation site, prepare the site, install the LGCell equipment, install and connectorize the cables, and mount the Hubs and RAUs. A typical installation consists of three components:•Site Planning See Section 3, LGCell Site Planning and Design•Cable Installation See Section 3, LGCell Site Planning and Design•LGCell Installation See Section 4, LGCell Installation
2LGCell EquipmentThis section describes the LGCell equipment and explains how the system operates and contains LGCell system specifications.For details about cables and connectors, refer to Appendix A – Cables, Connectors, and Accessories.LGCell has no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units may be repaired or replaced through LGC Wireless. In the U.S., please contact us at 1-800-530-9960. International customers, please contact us at +1-408-487-2400.ContentsLGCell EquipmentStandard Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Main Hub . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Expansion Hub. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Remote Antenna Unit (RAU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13LGCell System Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Band Selective Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2-2 LGCell Equipment
2-3Standard EquipmentThe LGCell standard equipment supports 800 MHz AMPS/TDMA/CDMA/iDEN, 900 MHz GSM, 1800 MHz DCS, 1800 MHz Korean PCS, 1900 MHz TDMA/CDMA/GSM, and Dual Band 900 GSM/1800 DCS installations.LGCell has three modular components:•Main Hub – 19” rack-mountable•Expansion Hub – 19” rack-mountable•Remote Antenna Units (RAUs) – Wall or ceiling mountableLGCell is shipped with the following items:•Four rack-mount screws per hub•Four screws for each RAU•LGCell Installation and Reference ManualFor cable and accessory information, see Appendix A – Cables, Connectors, and Accessories.Main HubThe Main Hub is the LGCell’s central distribution point. It receives downlink cellular or PCS signals from an MBS or a roof-mounted antenna and redistributes them to multiple Expansion Hubs in low-frequency signal format (<200MHz), which can be passed over the MMF and CAT 5 cabling.
2-4 LGCell EquipmentThe Main Hub also receives signals from the Expansion Hubs and reconverts them back to the cellular or PCS band for transmission on the uplink channel (mobile) to the macrocellular base station (BTS) or microcellular base station (MBS).The Dual Band 900/1800 Main Hub is shown below.Main Hub Features•Mounts in a standard 19” equipment rack, width 17.25” (438 mm)•Height is 1.7” (44.5 mm). The Dual Band Main Hub is 3.5” (88.9 mm) high.•Operates with worldwide AC power, 100-240 VAC at 1.6 A and 50/60 Hz•Connects up to four Expansion Hubs and 16 RAUs per Main Hub. The Dual Band Main Hub connects up to four Expansion Hubs and 16 RAUs for the 900 system and an equal number for the 1800 system.•Connect multiple Main Hubs to increase number of RAUs. See “Connecting Multiple LGCell Systems” on page 3 in Section 5, Connectivity.•Connects to a roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or duplexed MBS via one coaxial cable using an N-type, female, duplexed, bi-directional RF connector•Connects to MBS via two coaxial cables using two N-type female, simplex RF connectors•Connects to Expansion Hubs via MMF fiber cable (up to 1 kilometer)•Distributes cellular or PCS signals to the Expansion Hubs via standard MMF transmit and receive pairs•Has easily accessible connectors
2-5•Displays system status via front panel LEDs•Provides contact closure of major alarms and error latches through a D-sub9-pin connectorMain Hub Front PanelFront Panel Description1AC power cord connector2Power On/Off switch3One LED for sync status (labeled SYNC)4One LED for power (labeled POWER)5Four Ports (labeled 1, 2, 3, 4) •One standard female ST-connector for MMF downlink (labeled DOWN)•One standard female ST-connector for MMF uplink (labeled UP)6One LED for port RF link status (labeled LINK STATUS) 7One LED for port sync status (labeled SYNC)The Dual Band Main Hub Front Panel is shown below. The connectors are the same as those explained for the single band system.123455 5 5 67
2-6 LGCell EquipmentStandard MMF Uplink and Downlink PortsThe Main Hub transmits and receives RF signals to and from the Expansion Hubs using up to 1 kilometer of industry-standard 62.5µm/125µm MMF cable (up to 1.5 dB optical loss, approximately 1 kilometer without jumpers).•Uplink/Input (labeled UP)This signal is the combination of all uplink signals received by the Expansion Hubs connected to the system.•Downlink/Output (labeled DOWN)The downlink is a composite signal coming from the duplexed N-type connector or from the downlink simplex connector on the Main Hub back panel. The downlink signal is re-radiated at all RAUs.Main Hub LEDsLED Color IndicationHUB LEDSPOWER Green On/Off FaultSYNC Green On/Off FaultPORT LEDSSYNC GreenRed OperationalFaultLINK STATUS GreenRed OperationalFault
2-7Main Hub Back PanelBack Panel Description•Three N-type, Female Connectors with dust caps•One Duplexed (labeled DUPLEX)•One Uplink (labeled REVERSE)•One Downlink (labeled FORWARD)•One D-Sub 9-pin Connector (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 1)•One D-sub 25-pin Connector (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 2)The Dual Band Main Hub Back Panel is shown below. The connectors are the same as shown for the single band LGCell Main Hub.N-Type Female ConnectorsThe N-type, female connectors connect the coaxial cable from the roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS to the Main Hub for RF connection. These cable connectors are operational in the cellular and PCS frequency bands.See Maximum Input RF Power per Carrier vs. Number of Carriers, on page 17 in this section for the maximum uplink and downlink power.
2-8 LGCell EquipmentThere are three N-type female connectors:Duplexed: Output and Input (bi-directional) Uplink: Simplex Output (unidirectional)Downlink: Simplex Input (unidirectional)•Duplexed (labeled DUPLEX)The DUPLEX connector is for a duplexed connection. This connector provides both downlink and uplink signals to and from the roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS to the Main Hub. This duplex port provides a 30 or 40 dB gain on the duplex part. See “LGCell System Gain” on page 17.•Uplink (labeled REVERSE) and Downlink (labeled FORWARD)The uplink and downlink connectors are for a simplex connection. The FORWARD connector receives RF signals and the REVERSE connector transmits RF signals to and from the roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS. DO NOT exceed the maximum input power into the Main Hub. See Maximum Input RF Power per Carrier vs. Number of Carriers, on page 17 in this section.
2-9D-Sub 9-Pin ConnectorThe D-Sub 9-pin connector (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 1) provides contact closure for major and latch system alarm monitoring. The following table lists the function of each pin on the D-sub 9-pin connector.AlarmsLGCell provides full Operations Alarm Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P). The Main Hub senses then latches major alarms. An error latch provides historical information for troubleshooting.The major alarms and error latches are monitored with contact closures. Alarms can be sent to remote locations (see Section 5, Connectivity and Section 6, Troubleshooting). For details about alarm monitoring, see Appendix E – Alarm Report Monitor (ARM2000).The two error connections, Major Error and Error Latch, are relay connections. They are either open or short circuit (see the following table).When you use these error pin connections, determine the error status by sending a current of no more than 40 mA through the positive connection and returning it through the negative connection. An error is indicated if current ceases to flow through the error connection.Pin Function1+10 V (fused)2 Not connected3 Not connected4 Error Latch (positive connection)5 Error Latch (negative connection)6 DC Ground7 Major Error (positive connection)8Error Reset9 Major Error (negative connection)Operation Major Error Error LatchProper Operation Short Circuit Short CircuitError Open Circuit Open CircuitProper Operation but had error and system latched; alarm was not reset Short Circuit Open Circuit
2-10 LGCell EquipmentExpansion HubThe Expansion Hub is LGCell’s intermediate distribution point.It transmits and receives low frequency signal (<200MHz) to and from the Main Hub, and to and from the RAUs. Utilizing LGC Wireless’ proprietary technology, both the MMF and the UTP/STP cables can transmit signals in the cellular or PCS frequency bands.The Dual Band 900/1800 Expansion Hub is shown below:Antenna PortsMain Hub Port1234
2-11Expansion Hub Features•Mounts in a standard 19" equipment rack, with 17.25” (438 mm)•Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm). The Dual Band Expansion Hub is 3.5” (88.9 mm) high.•Operates with worldwide AC power, 100-240 VAC at 1.6 A and 50/60 Hz•Connects up to four RAUs. The Dual Band Expansion Hub connects up to four RAUs for the 900 system and up to four RAUs for the 1800 system.•Connects to the Main Hub with MMF transmit/receive cable (up to 1.5 dB optical loss, approximately 1 kilometer without jumpers)•Connects up to four RAUs via four RJ-45 connectors that feed RAUs directly through a UTP/STP cable•Provides DC power to RAUs through the UTP/STP cable•Has easily accessible connectors•Displays system operation via front panel LEDs•Communicates with Main Hub for system alarm statusExpansion Hub Front PanelExpansion Hub Description1AC power cord connector2Power On/Off switch3In Fiber Port (labeled MAIN HUB), one standard ST connector for MMF downlink (labeled DOWN)4In Fiber Port (labeled MAIN HUB), one standard ST connector for MMF uplink (labeled UP)5One LED for port sync status (labeled SYNC)6One LED for power (labeled POWER)7Four standard UTP/STP CAT 5 Cable RJ-45 female connectors (labeled ANTENNA PORTS 1, 2, 3, and 4) 1 235674777(Labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4)98
2-12 LGCell Equipment8One LED to monitor RF link status (labeled LINK STATUS)9One LED to monitor sync status (labeled SYNC)The Dual Band Expansion Hub Front Panel is shown below. The connectors are the same as those explained for the single band system.Standard MMF Uplink and Downlink PortThe Expansion Hub transmits and receives cellular or PCS signals to and from the Main Hub using up to 1 kilometer of industry-standard 62.5µm/125 µm MMF cable found in most buildings.•Uplink/Output (labeled UP)The uplink is the combination of all uplink signals received by the RAUs. The signals are fed into the Expansion Hub via the UTP/STP cables. The Expansion Hub then transmits the combination of all signals to the Main Hub via the MMF cable.•Downlink/Input (labeled DOWN)The Expansion Hub receives downlink signals from the Main Hub via the other MMF port. The downlink signals are subsequently re-radiated at all RAUs via the UTP/STP cable. DUAL BAND900 MHz1800 MHz
2-13UTP/STP CAT 5 Cable ConnectorsDelivers electrical power to the RAUs. Also transmits downlink signals and receives uplink signals to and from the RAUs.Expansion Hub LEDsRemote Antenna Unit (RAU)RAU Description•One female SMA connector•One Standard CAT 5 UTP/STP RJ-45 female receptacle•Two LEDs•One for antenna power•One for antenna sync indicationLED Color IndicationHUB LEDSPOWER Green On/Off FaultSYNC Green On/Off FaultPORT LEDSSYNC GreenRed OperationalFaultLINK STATUS GreenRed OperationalFault
2-14 LGCell EquipmentThe Dual Band 900/1800 RAU is shown here. The Dual Band RAU has the same connectors as the single band RAU. It has one set of connectors for the 900 RAU and one set for the 1800 RAU. RAUs are active antennas that connect directly to an Expansion Hub over standard CAT 5 (or better) UTP/STP cable. The cable also delivers electrical power to the antenna.RAUs receive uplink cellular or PCS signals and re-transmits them to an Expansion Hub in a low frequency signal format (<200MHz).They also receive signals from the Expansion Hub, and re-convert the signals back to the cellular or PCS band for transmission on the downlink.RAU Features•Transmits to Expansion Hubs via an RJ-45 connector using UTP/STP cable•Uses an SMA connector for standard in-building antennas•Has easily accessible connectors•Displays system operation via LEDs•Dimensions: 5.7" x 5.5" x 1.2" (145 mm x 140 mm x 30 mm). The dimensions for the Dual Band RAU are 8” x 6.2” x 2.7” (1626 mm x 157 mm x 69 mm).•Connects to Expansion Hub via one RJ-45 connector that feeds RAUs directly through a UTP/STP cable (up to 60 meters)For system performance for cable lengths greater than 60 meters, see “LGCell System Gain vs. UTP/STP Cable Length (800 MHz, iDEN, 900 MHz)” on page 6 and “LGCell System Gain vs. UTP/STP Cable Length for 1800 MHz or 1900 MHz (Horizontal run, measured with 1 km of Multi-Mode Fiber)” on page 7 inAppendix A – Cables, Connectors, and Accessories.
2-15RAU ConnectorsSMA ConnectorThe SMA connector on the RAU is a duplexed RF input/output port that connects to standard in-building antennas.•Uplink (Input)The uplink cellular or PCS channels are received from the mobile phone by the in-building antenna. For the maximum downlink composite radiated power at the RAU, see the table on page 17 in this chapter.•Downlink (Output)The downlink channels are transmitted (radiated) by the standard in-building antenna. For the maximum downlink composite radiated power at the RAU, see the table on page 17 in this chapter.Standard CAT 5 UTP/STP RJ-45 JackDelivers electrical power to the antenna. Also transmits and receives uplink and downlink signals to the Expansion Hub.RAU LEDsIf the antenna SYNC LED lights red, RF power in the antenna is automatically shut down. The antenna RF power is reset when the SYNC LED goes off.LED Color IndicationPOWER Green OnSYNC Red Fault
2-16 LGCell EquipmentRAU Optional AntennasThe following illustration shows optional antennas that can plug into the SMA connector. For recommended antennas, refer to the accessory section in the LGCell Price List or contact your account manager.LGCell System SpecificationsThe following tables give system specifications for LGCell.•System gain, maximum input/output RF Power•Maximum Input Power per Carrier vs. Number of Carriers
2-17LGCell System GainThis table is a summary of the system gain for different frequencies and formats.Maximum Input RF Power per Carrier vs. Number of CarriersWhen you connect a Main Hub to an MBS that supports several RF carriers, the RF power per carrier must be cut back so as not to exceed the total composite radiated power into the Main Hub DUPLEX or FORWARD connector. The following table shows the maximum power per carrier and maximum composite power for different frequencies, formats, and numbers of carriers.LGCell Frequency/FormatSystem GainDuplex Simplex800 MHz AMPS, TDMA 30 0800 MHz CDMA 30 0800 MHz iDEN 0 0900 MHz GSM 0 01800 MHz CDMA 0 0DCS 1800 GSM 0 01900 MHz TDMA 40 01900 MHz CDMA 40 01900 MHz GSM 40 0800 CDMA 1800 Korean CDMA 1900 TDMANumberofCarriersMaximumPowerperCarrierMaximumCompositePowerNumberofCarriersMaximumPowerperCarrierMaximumCompositePowerNumberofCarriersMaximumPowerperCarrierMaximumCompositePower1 10.0 10.0 1 9.0 9.0 1 10.0 10.02 7.0 10.0 2 6.0 9.0 2 7.0 10.03 5.2 10.0 3 4.2 9.0 3 5.2 10.04 3.0 9.0 4 2.0 8.0 4 3.0 9.0
2-18 LGCell Equipment800 AMPS 800 TDMA 800 GSMNumberofCarriersMaximumPowerperCarrierMaximumCompositePowerNumberofCarriersMaximumPowerperCarrierMaximumCompositePowerNumberofCarriersMaximumPowerperCarrierMaximumCompositePower1 20.0 20.0 1 17.0 17.0 1 20.0 20.02 15.5 18.5 2 12.5 15.5 2 8.0 11.03 12.8 17.6 3 9.8 14.6 3 6.0 10.84 11.0 17.0 4 8.0 14.0 4 4.7 10.75 9.5 16.5 5 6.5 13.5 5 3.8 10.86 8.3 16.1 6 5.3 13.1 6 3.0 10.87 7.3 15.8 7 4.3 12.8 7 2.3 10.88 6.5 15.5 8 3.5 12.5 8 2.0 11.09 5.7 15.2 9 2.7 12.2 9 1.5 11.010 5.0 15.0 10 2.0 12.0 10 1.2 11.211 4.4 14.8 11 1.4 11.8 11 0.8 11.212 3.8 14.6 12 0.8 11.6 12 0.5 11.313 3.3 14.4 13 0.3 11.4 13 0.3 11.414 2.8 14.3 14 -0.2 11.3 14 0.0 11.515 2.4 14.1 15 -0.6 11.1 15 -0.1 11.716 1.9 14.0 16 -1.1 11.0 16 -0.3 11.7
2-191800 DCS/GSM 1900 AMPS 1900 TDMANumberofCarriersMaximumPowerperCarrierMaximumCompositePowerNumberofCarriersMaximumPowerperCarrierMaximumCompositePowerNumberofCarriersMaximumPowerperCarrierMaximumCompositePower1 18.0 18.0 1 20.0 20.0 1 17.0 17.02 6.0 9.0 2 13.5 16.5 2 12.5 15.53 4.0 8.8 3 11.5 16.3 3 9.8 14.64 2.7 8.7 4 10.3 16.3 4 8.0 14.05 1.8 8.8 5 9.3 16.3 5 6.5 13.56 1.0 8.8 6 8.3 16.1 6 5.3 13.17 0.3 8.8 7 7.3 15.8 7 4.3 12.88 0.0 9.0 8 6.5 15.5 8 3.5 12.59 -0.4 9.1 9 5.7 15.2 9 2.7 12.210 -0.8 9.2 10 5.0 15.0 10 2.0 12.011 -1.1 9.3 11 4.4 14.8 11 1.4 11.812 -1.4 9.4 12 3.8 14.6 12 0.8 11.613 -1.7 9.4 13 3.3 14.4 13 0.3 11.414 -1.9 9.6 14 2.8 14.3 14 -0.2 11.315 -2.1 9.7 15 2.4 14.1 15 -0.6 11.116 -2.3 9.7 16 1.9 14.0 16 -1.1 11.0
2-20 LGCell EquipmentBand Selective OptionLGCell 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHzThe LGCell 800/900 MHz system has fixed bands of operation. The LGCell 1800/1900 MHZ system has a fixed bandwidth filter in each system that is centered over the desired band of operation. The desired band of operation is an ordered item either by band (A, B, D, E, F) or by the center uplink and downlink frequency.1900 GSMNumberofCarriersMaximumPowerperCarrierMaximumCompositePower1 20.0 20.02 8.0 11.03 6.0 10.84 4.7 10.75 3.8 10.86 3.0 10.87 2.3 10.88 2.0 11.09 1.5 11.010 1.2 11.211 0.8 11.212 0.5 11.313 0.3 11.414 0.0 11.515 -0.1 11.716 -0.3 11.7
2-21The following table shows the bandwidths for each type of system.For example, the A band for 1900 MHz PCS has the fixed 15 MHz filter centered at 1937.5 MHz for the downlink and 1857.5 for the uplink.1 30 MHz pass filter can be positioned along the 75 MHz DCS 1800 band. Order product with uplink and downlink frequency at 1.25 MHz spacing. For example an uplink center frequency of 1737.5 MHz will provide a 30 MHz band between 1722.5 MHz and 1752.5 MHz and a downlink center frequency of 1832.5 MHz will provide a 30 MHz band between 1817.5 MHz and 1847.5 MHz.2 Similar to above, the 1900 PCS 15 MHz filter can be positioned along the 60 MHz band.The LGCell covers a 30 MHz band in frequency range of 1710 MHz to 1785 MHz on the uplink and 1805 MHz to 1880 MHz on the downlink. The operator can choose where to place the 30 MHz band of operation by choosing the corresponding center frequencies as shown in the following table.System Fixed Filter Bandwidth Uplink Center Frequency Downlink Center FrequencyDAS 800 MHz - AMPS, TDMA, CDMA25 MHz 836.5 MHz 881.5 MHzDAS 800 MHz - iDEN 18 MHz 815 MHz 860 MHzDAS 900 GSM 25 MHz 947.5 MHz 902.5 MHzDAS 1800 KOREAN CDMA 30 Mhz 1765 MHz 1855 MHzDAS 1800 DCS (GSM) 30 MHz 1725 MHz1 to 1770 MHz 1820 MHz1 to 1865 MHzDAS 1900 MHz - CDMA, TDMA, GSM15 MHz 1857.5 MHz2 to 1892.5 MHz 1937.5 MHz2 to 1972.5 MHz
2-22 LGCell EquipmentBand Center Frequency of the DCS 1800 MHz LGCell The filter band is 30 MHz wide (or 15 MHz on each side of the center).The following table shows settings for the 1900 MHz system.Settings for Selecting Band Center Frequency of the 1900 MHz LGCell SystemUplink Freq Downlink Freq Uplink Freq Downlink Freq1725.00 1820.00 1748.75 1843.751726.25 1821.25 1750.00 1845.001727.50 1822.50 1751.25 1846.251728.75 1823.75 1752.50 1847.501730.00 1825.00 1753.75 1848.751731.25 1826.25 1755.00 1850.001732.50 1827.50 1756.25 1851.251733.75 1828.75 1757.50 1852.501735.00 1830.00 1758.75 1853.751736.25 1831.25 1760.00 1855.001737.50 1832.50 1761.25 1856.251738.75 1833.75 1762.50 1857.501740.00 1835.00 1763.75 1858.751741.25 1836.25 1765.00 1860.001742.50 1837.50 1766.25 1861.251743.75 1838.75 1767.50 1862.501745.00 1840.00 1768.75 1863.751746.25 1841.25 1770.00 1865.001747.50 1842.50Band Uplink Frequency Downlink FrequencyA1857.50 1937.50 MHzD1867.50 1947.50 MHzB 1877.50 1957.50 MHzE 1887.50 1967.50 MHzF 1892.50 1972.50 MHz
3LGCell Site Planning and DesignThis section provides information to assist in planning and designing an LGCell system and preparing a site for the LGCell installation. Proper project management is instrumental in providing a timely and accurate deployment.The first step in planning an LGCell system is to estimate the amount of radio frequency (RF) coverage you need for your building or coverage area. Initial estimates can be developed using floor plans and the models that follow. Eventually you need to go on-site to evaluate the facility’s readiness for installation and possibly perform RF measurements in order to guarantee performance. The LGC Wireless Site Survey Questionnaire is included for your reference.ContentsLGCell Site Planning and DesignProject Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3RF Coverage Estimate for a Site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4RF Measurements and Site Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Site Survey Questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3-2 LGCell Site Planning and Design
3-3Project ManagementInstalling the LGCell system is easy after all of the pre-installation requirements are met. It is beneficial to have one person manage and coordinate all aspects of the planning, design, and installation. Managing the process should avoid unnecessary surprises.The project manager is the person responsible for assigning tasks and ensuring scheduled work is performed on time. This includes collecting all information necessary for a complete site assessment, getting cost estimates and purchase order (PO) approval, scheduling any cabling work, scheduling the LGCell installation and commissioning, and providing final as-built documentation.The project manager also acts as the coordinator between the following people:Cellular or PCS carrierRF engineerSite acquisition personMBS vendorMBS installerCabling contractor(s)End userIf you do not have a designated project manager, please contact LGC Wireless. We can provide you with an estimate of what it would cost to have LGC Wireless manage your project. Please call us at 1-800-530-9960 (in the U.S.). International customers, please call us at +1-408-487-2400.
3-4 LGCell Site Planning and DesignProject Management Estimated TimelineRF Coverage Estimate for a SiteTo provide adequate RF coverage within a facility, you need a median signal level strong enough for good voice communications. As a guideline, you can refer to the following tables for general coverage areas, based on a design goal of 0 dBm output power per carrier, -85 dBm received signal strength (independent of communications protocol), 5 dB fade margin and 3 dBi antenna gain. Description Details Time IntervalDetailed site walk-through/RF survey Prepare installation information, including RF plan, floor plan, equipment order form, and final design. 2 weeksOrder LGCell equipment Get all standard parts and accessories required. 8 weeksSelect cabling contractor Complete installation statement of work and provide floor plan with equipment locations, list of cabling runs, and other materials and connections. Get cabling quotation after walk-through.2 weeksOrder all other equipment Get equipment from all vendors, including cables, connectors, MBS, surge protectors, and so on. Monitor order progress and shipment.4 weeksInstall cable Monitor installation. 1-5 daysInstall LGCell Review installation checklist and prepare all materials. 1-3 daysTest installation and RF coverage Be sure there are no blank areas. 1 hour per RAUGenerate as-built document Prepare site plan diagram and coverage performance. 1-5 days
3-5Antenna Coverage for 800/900 MHz Frequency Applications (0 dBm per carrier, 5 dB fade margin, -85 dBm design goal and 3 dBi antenna gain)Antenna Coverage for 1800/1900 MHz Frequency ApplicationsOffice Antenna Coverage for 800/900 MHz Frequency ApplicationsFacility PLS Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet)Manufacturing 27.3 30,000Hospital 28.8 15,000Airport 27.3 30,000Retail 27.7 25,000Warehouse 27.3 30,000Parking Garage 26.8 40,000Facility PLS Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet)Manufacturing 24.9 25,000Hospital 26.5 10,000Airport 24.9 25,000Retail 25.2 20,000Warehouse 24.9 25,000Parking Garage 24.3 35,000Facility PLS Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet)Open - 80% cubicles/20% offices 27.7 25,00080% - 50% cubicles/50% offices 28.2 20,00010% - 20% cubicles/80% offices 28.8 15,000
3-6 LGCell Site Planning and DesignOffice Antenna Coverage for 1800/1900 MHz Frequency ApplicationsThe preceding tables show estimated clutter-defined path loss slope (PLS) for different frequencies at various kinds of sites. If you change the design goal or other parameters, these numbers will change based on the PLS.If the design parameters (output power per carrier, design goal, antenna gain, and fade margin) differ from those stated above, you can use the PLS value shown in the preceding tables in the following formula to estimate the area of coverage per antenna:The PLS is a general path loss number which takes into account free space loss and normal barriers to the RF signal. Severe obstructions such as metal, cement walls, or elevator shafts are best accounted for by a physical site survey. Facility PLS Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet)Open - 80% cubicles/20% offices 25.2 20,00080% - 50% cubicles/50% offices 25.7 15,00010% - 20% cubicles/80% offices 26.5 10,000Path Loss FormulasPath Loss (dB) = PLS * log 4πfD / cNote: Path Loss Slope = PLS dB/decade for free space loss D is the distance in metersf is the frequency in MHzc is the speed of lightPath Loss=Power per Carrier + Antenna Gain - Fade Margin - Design Goal (dBm)To convert feet to meters:Area = (D x 3.281)2 x πD = [10(Path Loss / PLS)] x [c / (4πf)]
3-7As a reference the following table gives estimates of the signal loss for some RF barriers.Average Signal Loss of Common Building MaterialsRF Measurements and Site SurveyBefore designing an LGCell system, one should go to the site and measure the loss characteristics of the building. To determine the amount of coverage per antenna, the best method is a test of RF propagation, which you can do on-site with a test transmitter and field strength meter.While at the site, one can use the following Site Survey Questionnaire to document site specifics.Site Survey QuestionnaireYou can use the LGC Wireless Site Survey Questionnaire to help design your LGCell system. A sample questionnaire follows. The following information is needed when you walk a site:Partition Type Loss @ 815 MHzMetal wall 26 dBAluminum siding 20 dBConcrete block wall 13 dBFoil insulation 4 dBConcrete floor 15 dBSheetrock 1.4 dB
3-8 LGCell Site Planning and Design 585 EAST BROKAW ROAD | SAN JOSE, CA 95112 | TEL 408.487.2400 | FAX 408.487.2410End-User Contact:# of Carriers:BHCR: Erlangs/Sub:1 = 2 = 3 = 4 = 5 =6 = 7 = 8 = 9 = 10 =Yes No Don't KnowLocations for Main & Expansion Hubs Available (closets):Estimated Installation Start Date (Must Provide If Services are Needed):Type of System Enhancement:If BTS, what Manufacturer & Model #:If BTS, what is the # of Subscribers:What is the desired downlink power at mobile (dBm):Are Exposed Antennas Tolerated Inside:Are Floor Plans Available (Including Map Scale):Site Survey QuestionaireAddress:Address:Phone:Company Name:Frequency(ies):Protocol(s):E-Mail:Add'l Comments: (Special install requirements, covered areas, contacts, etIf so, which Services: - Project Management:Are 19" Equipment Racks Available:Is AC Power available at the Main and Expansion Hubs:Are Multimode Fiber Optic Cables Already Available: - Site Survey: - LGCell Equipment Install & Commissioning: - CAT5, MMF, Coax & Antenna Installation:Are CAT 5 UTP/STP Runs Already Available:Are LGC Wireless Services Required:Are Exposed Antennas Tolerated Outside:Is Coverage Required Out Doors:If Floor Plans are not available, how many Buildings are to be Covered:How Many Floors per Building:(Use the Add'l comments if needed)Total Square Footage to Cover per Building:(Use the Add'l comments if needed)Project Name:End-User:Purchaser: Contact:Phone:E-Mail: YES YES NO NOCoverage (BDA) Capacity (BTS) Wireless Office1 2 3 4 56 7 8 9 10-75 -80 -85800 900 1800 1900GSM TDMA CDMADCSAMPS iDENCONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARYNot to be distributed without prior written consent of LGC WirelessVer. 2.0

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