Bruker AXS HMP001 Handheld XRF Spectrometer User Manual
Bruker AXS Handheld XRF Spectrometer
User Manual
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| Document Description | User Manual |
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| Date Submitted | 2017-02-02 00:00:00 |
| Date Available | 2017-07-28 00:00:00 |
| Creation Date | 2016-10-28 09:36:01 |
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| Document Title | User Manual |
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030.0112.01.0 S1 TITAN/TRACER 5I User Manual i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual FCC ID: 2AKJ9HMP001 This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures: - Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. - Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. - Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. - Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. In order to comply with FCC/ISED/MIC RF Exposure requirements, this device must be installed to provide at least 20 cm separation from the human body at all times. i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Table of Contents 1. Instrument Description and Care............................................................................................................................... 5 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. 1.5. 1.6. 2. Instrument Components .......................................................................................................................................... 6 TRACER 5 Collimators and Filters............................................................................................................................. 8 General Care and Maintenance ............................................................................................................................. 12 Changing Windows ................................................................................................................................................. 12 Power Sources ........................................................................................................................................................ 14 Contacting Bruker................................................................................................................................................... 16 Radiation Safety ...................................................................................................................................................... 17 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. Radiation Profile – S1 TITAN ................................................................................................................................... 17 Radiation Profile – TRACER 5 ................................................................................................................................. 20 Precautions............................................................................................................................................................. 26 Safety Features ....................................................................................................................................................... 28 3. Starting Up .............................................................................................................................................................. 29 4. APPLICATION Button ............................................................................................................................................... 33 5. METHOD Button ...................................................................................................................................................... 34 6. SETTINGS Button ..................................................................................................................................................... 35 7. SETTINGS Button – Spectrometer Mode .................................................................................................................. 37 8. DISPLAY Button ....................................................................................................................................................... 39 8.1. 8.2. 8.3. 9. Display Settings ...................................................................................................................................................... 40 Element Display Order ........................................................................................................................................... 41 Grade ID Settings and More ................................................................................................................................... 42 Utilities Button ........................................................................................................................................................ 43 9.1. 9.2. Back up Data........................................................................................................................................................... 43 Remote Control ...................................................................................................................................................... 45 10. Edit Info Button................................................................................................................................................... 46 11. Results ................................................................................................................................................................ 48 11.1. 11.2. 12. Spectrum ................................................................................................................................................................ 50 Averaging................................................................................................................................................................ 52 Quality Check ...................................................................................................................................................... 55 Appendix A 030.0112.01.0 Additional TRACER 5 Radiation Profile Test Results ............................................................................... 56 3 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual This page is intentionally left blank. 030.0112.01.0 4 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 1. Instrument Description and Care Introduction User documentation for the S1 TITAN and TRACER 5i analyzers is in the form of a suite of Manuals, each with its own specific purpose. This document, the S1 TITAN and TRACER 5i User Manual, describes – Instruments. Safety precautions. Safety features. Basic use. Complete kit An instrument comes with the following – Software and calibrations. Check samples appropriate to the specific calibrations. A charger, power cord, and two batteries. A USB/CD loaded with Bruker Toolbox, all manuals, demonstration software for S1 DATA TOOLS, and utilities. Radiation safety video. Four extra windows. Screwdriver or Hex driver and two spare nose plate screws. USB flash drive. Filters and collimators for TRACER 5i. Filter making tools for TRACER 5i. Pelican case. X-ray use The S1 TITAN and TRACER 5i are fully field portable analyzers based on energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technology and use an X-ray tube as their excitation source. When energized, the instruments generate low-energy X-rays. Calibration options The instrument is factory calibrated, based on customer-ordered configuration. Calibrations are available for various applications, such as: Alloy analysis. Mining analysis. Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) chemical content. Lead and other heavy metals in toys and consumer products. Soil contamination analysis. Registration and licensing For information on how to register and/or license your analyzer, See Registration and Licensing FAQ, Bruker document 030.0050. 030.0112.01.0 5 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 1.1. Instrument Components S1 TITAN Examination Window X-ray warning light Proximity Sensor Trigger Ports hatch Battery Lock Touch screen Auxiliary trigger Power switch Armed indicator light X-ray warning light TRACER 5i X-ray warning light Rail Proximity sensor Power switch Examination window Touch screen Collimator hatch Auxiliary trigger Hose fitting Ports hatch Trigger Battery door lock Battery Remote AC power 030.0112.01.0 USB OTG 2.0 USB 6 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Descriptions The following table, in alphabetical order, describes each component: Component Armed indicator Auxiliary trigger Battery Battery door lock Collimator hatch (TRACER 5i only) Examination window Hose fitting (TRACER 5i only) Ports Power switch Proximity sensor Rail (TRACER 5i only) Touch screen Trigger X-ray warning light TRACER 5i windows Description Indicates that the instrument is ready to take a measurement. Allows dual hand operation as required in certain countries. Provides power to the instrument. Keeps the battery secure. Accesses the collimator/filter assembly. Source location of X-rays. Provides an attachment location for a vacuum or Helium flush hose. Provide connections for USB, remote, USB flash drive, and power. Powers the instrument on and off. Prevents the instrument from activating without a sample in place. Allows accessories to be easily attached. Controls the instrument through a pressure sensitive user interface. Using a stylus is helpful. Initiates a measurement. Warns when X-ray is activated. Both the S1 TITAN and the TRACER 5i come with a clear examination window but the TRACER 5i has additional window configurations for different applications. Application Normal use Vacuum Configuration Clear window Gridded window He flush No window Clear window for normal use 030.0112.01.0 Reason The window protects the detector. The grid reinforces the window against air pressure during the vacuum. However, during normal use, the grid interferes with measurements of light elements. Allows the Helium flow to escape. Gridded window for vacuum No window for He flush 7 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 1.2. TRACER 5i Collimators and Filters Description The TRACER 5i has additional, interchangeable features – Filters. Collimators, stamped with either an 8 or 3. They are applied as an assembly: a filter is inserted into the filter holder, which is attached to the collimator with a screw. Black filter holder Filter types Ti 25µm Cu 200µm:Ti 25µm:Al 300µm Al 76µm C 60µm:F 190µm No filter Name on Screen Blue Black Orange Teflon None Holder Color Blue Black Orange White Beige The collimator determines the size of the spot on the sample to be tested. For most applications, 8mm is best. The 3mm collimator reduces the focal point size and, therefore, the analyzed area. For safety reasons, a collimator must be installed at all times. If a collimator is… Installed Not installed 030.0112.01.0 Collimators The instrument comes with five filter options and five filter holders (below) marked in different colors to indicate the filter type. Filter Collimators Assembly Then The size is displayed in the status bar and recorded in the data file. The instrument is prevented from entering the armed state and will not produce X-rays. 8 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Installing a collimator To install an alternate collimator – Step 030.0112.01.0 Action Ensure that the instrument is powered off. Using the provided 0.050 inch hex screwdriver, open the collimator hatch located on the side of the instrument nose. Do not allow debris to get inside the hatch area. Using a thumbnail on the lip of the currently installed collimator, slide it out. It may be tight. Line up the new collimator with the groove inside the hatch and slide it in until it clicks. Again, do not allow debris inside. Securely close the hatch and screw it shut. 9 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Changing filters To change manual filters attached to a collimator – Step 030.0112.01.0 Action Note the configuration of the current filter holder on the collimator. Using the provided 0.050 inch hex screwdriver, unscrew the filter holder from the collimator. Align the new filter holder with the collimator. Note the metal band fits into the collimator. Attach the screw. 10 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Making a filter To make a custom filter – Step Collect necessary tools: Hole punch Vacuum stick 0.050 inch hex screwdriver Collimator assembly Action Use the hole punch to cut the filter material. Retrieve the filter piece from the hole punch. Use the vacuum stick to pick up the filter piece without touching it. To operate the vacuum stick – 1. Press and hold the button. 2. Touch the tip to the filter piece. 3. Release the button. Place the filter piece in the collimator. Release the filter piece by pressing the vacuum stick button. For a multilayer filter, the filter piece with the highest atomic number must be placed in the collimator last so it is closest to the X-ray source. 030.0112.01.0 Screw the filter holder onto the collimator. 11 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 1.3. General Care and Maintenance Low maintenance The instrument, when used properly, should require very little maintenance beyond – Battery recharging. See Power Sources, page 14. Window replacement. See below. Quality checking. See Quality Check, page 55. Touch screen The touch screen uses sensitive electronics and should be cleaned regularly using a soft, lint-free or microfiber cloth. Do not – Use cleaners as they may damage the screen. Use compressed air. Leave the analyzer where the touch screen is exposed to direct sunlight. Cleaning exterior If the exterior of the analyzer becomes dirty, wipe it gently with a damp, lint-free cloth. Avoid harsh solvents and compressed air. 1.4. Changing Windows Description The window in front of the detector is delicate, only 4 µm thick Prolene™, and periodically requires replacement. Never touch or use compressed air on the detector. The detector window is 8µm Be, fragile, and expensive. Detector 030.0112.01.0 12 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Changing windows To change a window – Step Action If necessary, unscrew and remove the nose plate using the supplied screwdriver. TRACER 5i Peel off the old window. Avoid any contact with the sensitive detector. S1 TITAN Remove old adhesive with isopropyl alcohol. TRACER 5i Peel the white backing from the new window. TRACER 5i For the S1 TITAN, center alignment arrows over the middle of the aperture. S1 TITAN Carefully apply the new window to the nose. TRACER 5i 030.0112.01.0 Peel off the clear front protective cover. Otherwise, light element measurements will be inaccurate. TRACER 5i Replace the nose plate. Firmly secure the screws but do not over-tighten. 13 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 1.5. Power Sources What is provided The analyzer is supplied with – Two Lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries, part number 160.0009. Battery charger with a cord, part number 160.0010. (Do not use a different charger with these batteries.) For more information, consult the manufacturer’s battery charger manual. S1 TITAN battery removal To remove a battery from the S1 TITAN, while pressing the base, lift up the locking clip and pull down the door. Pull out the battery. TRACER 5i battery removal To remove a battery from the TRACER 5i, press the battery door button, open the door, and pull out the battery. Button Battery installation To install a battery into an instrument, slide in the battery and close the door until the locking clip clicks. Note that the battery can be inserted completely in only one configuration. 030.0112.01.0 14 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Remaining charge To check the charge remaining on a battery – On the “Bruker” side of the battery, push the white button on the left. Green lights indicate the approximate remaining charge in percent. Charging To charge a battery – Step Action To prolong battery life, ensure that the ambient temperature during charging is between +5 °C and +45 °C (40 °F to 115 °F). Plug power adapter into back of charger. Plug power cord into power adapter. Plug power cord into a wall outlet. Insert battery into charger with the Bruker name on the left side. During charging, the green light blinks. A solid green light indicates the battery is fully charged. For more information, consult the manufacturer’s battery charger manual. Duration A charge lasts, depending how the instrument is used, about four to eight hours. Warnings Do not – Disassemble, crush, or puncture a battery. Place a battery in fire or water. Charge a battery except with the supplied charger. Short battery terminals by allowing them to touch metal. Dispose of batteries in the trash. 030.0112.01.0 15 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Disposal To dispose of a battery – Contact your local waste management company regarding disposal and recycling programs. If there is no local disposal program, return used Bruker batteries to Bruker. A nominal shipping charge applies. If a battery fails to operate normally within the warranty period, return it to Bruker for evaluation and repair. Using AC adapter Optionally, the instrument may be powered by an AC adapter purchased from Bruker. (This is different from the battery AC adapter.) To power the analyzer with an AC adapter – Step Action With the supplied cord, connect the AC adapter to a 90-240V AC wall outlet. Connect the AC adapter to the analyzer’s power port. Maintaining power The analyzer may be connected to the AC adapter prior to removing the battery so power to the unit is maintained. Bruker brand only Using another brand of adapter could damage the analyzer and voids the warranty. 1.6. Contacting Bruker Email: support.hmp@bruker.com Phone: +1 (509) 783-9850 Web: www.bruker.com/hhxrf Address: 415 N. Quay Street Kennewick, WA 99336 USA 030.0112.01.0 16 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 2. Radiation Safety Description This section describes the radiation profiles of the S1 TITAN and TRACER 5i, X-ray warnings, and safety recommendations. Proper use When the instrument is used properly, X-ray radiation from instrument poses no harm to the user or others. Use the instrument for only its intended use. Each instrument A radiation profile is measured on each instrument before it leaves the factory. Safe use Safe use of any XRF device is based on the principles of: Principle Time Distance Shielding Description Managing the amount of time during which X-rays are produced. Keeping all parts of the user’s body as far away from the X-ray producing nose as possible. Pointing the analyzer away from others. Keeping others away from the instrument during use. Ensuring that the instrument is mechanically intact and sound. When measuring small samples that might allow X-ray radiation to escape, use a benchtop or desktop stand and close the lid. ALARA Collectively, these practices are known as “As Low as Reasonably Achievable” (ALARA). Safe practice is further discussed during user training. For more details, see the Radiation Safety Manual, Bruker document 030.0011. Occupational limits The following table lists the annual exposure limit. 2.1. TRACER 5i Rem Sieverts Eye 15 0.15 Skin 50 0.5 Radiation Profile – S1 TITAN Testing standards The radiation profile reflects the radiological conditions during worst-case (high voltage, high power) instrument operation. To establish radiation profiles – IEC 62495 (2011), Nuclear instrumentation – Portable X-ray fluorescence analysis equipment utilizing a miniature X-ray tube was used as a guide. The analyzer was set at the maximum voltage and current established for analysis, with a standard material sample over the examination window. Per the guide, measurement of stray radiation (leakage and scatter) was conducted at 10, 30, and 100 centimeter distances from the surface. Additionally, the geometric size of the X-ray beam and the open beam radiation dose equivalent rates were recorded at 0, 5, 10, 30, and 100 centimeters. 030.0112.01.0 17 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual General testing conditions Radiation measurements were conducted – Using a Thermo micro-rem low energy plastic scintillation radiation survey instrument. With the survey meter calibrated by the survey meter manufacturer. Referenced to the center of the detector volume. Readings Readings were taken at 50kV, 39 µA, with a Duplex 2205 sample over the examination window and rounded up to the nearest 5 µRem/hr value. Displayed isodistance contours show the maximum value likely to be encountered in x10-6Rem/hr (rem/hr) or equivalently in x10-8 Sieverts/hr. Location 030.0112.01.0 Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr 10cm 30cm ≤45(0.45) ≤20(0.20) ≤10(0.10) Background ≤5(0.05) ≤5(0.05) Background Background Background Background ≤40(0.40) ≤40(0.40) ≤10(0.10) ≤10(0.10) Background Background Background Background ≤5(0.05) ≤5(0.05) ≤5(0.05) ≤5(0.05) Background Background Background Background 100cm ≤5(0.05) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 18 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual X-ray beam diameter The following table provides specific beam diameters at selected distances from the beam port when no sample is in place. Beam Port Distance in cm 1.50 10 30 100 Testing conditions, open beam Beam Diameter in cm 1.20 2.5 4.23 11.34 36.5 Radiation measurements were conducted – Using a Thermo RadEye B20-ER meter corrected by results from NanoDots. With the survey meter calibrated by the survey meter manufacturer. The dose at the Beam Port for the open beam measurement was extrapolated from the 5cm and 10cm results on a logarithmic scale as described in IEC 62495. Distance vs. dose Distance (cm) Beam Port 5 cm 10 cm 30 cm 100 cm Eye / Skin Time to Limit 030.0112.01.0 Dose (Rem/hr) 223.7 119.0 63.24 19.9 1.96 4.02 / 13.4 Minutes Worst-Case 50KeV, 39A Blank, No Filter With Duplex Dose (Sieverts/hr) (Rem/hr) 2.237 1300 1.190 289.0 0.6324 144.5 0.199 44.2 0.0196 Background With Duplex (Sieverts/hr) 13.00 2.890 1.445 0.442 Background 4.02 / 13.4 Minutes 19 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 2.2. Radiation Profile – TRACER 5i Testing standards The radiation profile reflects the radiological conditions during normal and non-normal instrument operational conditions. To establish radiation profiles – IEC 62495 (2011), Nuclear instrumentation – Portable X-ray fluorescence analysis equipment utilizing a miniature X-ray tube was used as a guide. The analyzer was set at three conditions established for normal analysis and two worstcase conditions with and without a sample over the examination window. For ease in viewing, three of the settings are shown below. Per the guide, measurement of stray radiation (leakage and scatter) was conducted at 10, 30, and 100 centimeter distances from the surface, as well as at 5cm. The geometric size of the X-ray beam and the open beam radiation dose equivalent rates were recorded at 5, 10, 30, and 100cm and extrapolated back to the surface. General testing conditions Radiation measurements were conducted – Using a Thermo RadEye B20-ER meter. With the survey meter calibrated by the survey meter manufacturer. Readings The instrument stray radiation profile was collected – Operating without a filter. With the larger 8cm collimator. At its effective maximum power (40keV and 99uA in the appendix) and maximum voltage (50keV and 39uA). At distances of 5, 10, 30, and 100cm. With and without a sample covering the opening at the nose of the instrument. Using a duplex (3mm thick) check sample. Operating at commonly used setting and corresponding filters for 50 (in the appendix), 40, and 15 keV. Locations for the stray radiation profiles and results are shown in the figures and tables below, and the appendix. Correction factors to agree with results from 80 pkV, 2.9mm Al HVL NanoDots (TLD dosimeters) from Landauer were applied. 030.0112.01.0 20 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Worst-case 1 highest energy Tests were performed with the following settings: Setting Type Voltage (keV) Current (μA) Filter Value 50 39 Blank #2 At 5 cm Location At 10 cm Open Beam Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr μrad(μSieverts)/hr 2781439(27814.39) 83.1(0.831) 3272.7(32.727) Background 726.1(7.261) 18.1(0.181) 1123.4(11.234) 21.7(0.217) 75.9(0.759) Background 256.5(2.565) Background Background Background 2351.6(23.516) 112.0(1.120) 1419.6(14.196) 292.6(2.926) 191.5(1.915) 47.0(0.470) 151.7(1.517) Background Background Background Background Background At 30 cm Location Location Open Beam Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr μrad(μSieverts)/hr 46204.9(462.049) Background 1556.9(15.569) Background 689.9(6.899) Background 942.8(9.428) Background 86.7(0.867) Background 54.2(0.542) 21.7(0.217) Background Background 726.1(7.261) 39.7(0.397) 906.7(9.067) 90.3(0.903) 317.9(3.179) 79.5(0.795) 292.6(2.926) 68.6(0.686) 79.5(0.795) 65.0(0.650) 57.8(0.578) 75.9(0.759) At 100 cm Open Beam Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr μrad(μSieverts)/hr 5869.6(58.696) Background 386.2(3.862) Background 386.2(3.862) Background 386.2(3.862) Background 132.7(1.327) Background 209.3(2.093) Background Background Background 356.7(3.567) Background 312.5(3.125) Background 312.5(3.125) Background 165.1(1.651) Background 106.1(1.061) Background 59.0(0.590) Background 030.0112.01.0 Location Open Beam (μrad/hr) 2980.1(29.801) 128.4(1.284) 163.5(1.635) 134.3(1.343) 99.2(0.992) 119.7(1.197) 61.3(0.613) 61.3(0.613) 113.8(1.138) 81.7(0.817) 61.3(0.613) 61.3(0.613) 90.5(0.905) 61.3(0.613) 131.3(1.313) Duplex (μrad/hr) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 21 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Standard setting 1 alloy phase 1 Tests were performed with the following settings: Setting Type Voltage (keV) Current (μA) Filter Value 40 5.2 Ti25/Al300mm #1 At 5 cm Location At 10 cm Open Beam Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr μrad(μSieverts)/hr 180582(1805.82) Background 238.4(2.384) Background 68.6(0.686) Background 75.9(0.759) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 148.1(1.481) 7.2(0.072) 54.2(0.542) 7.2(0.072) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background At 30 cm Location Location Open Beam Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr μrad(μSieverts)/hr 2387.7(23.877) Background 39.7(0.397) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 18.1(0.181) Background 57.8(0.578) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background At 100 cm Open Beam Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr μrad(μSieverts)/hr 268.3(2.683) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 23.6(0.236) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 030.0112.01.0 Location Open Beam μrad(μSieverts)/hr 163.5(1.635) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 22 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Standard setting 2 alloy phase 2 Tests were performed with the following settings: Setting Type Voltage (keV) Current (μA) Filter Value 15 11.35 Blank #2 At 5 cm Location At 10 cm Open Beam Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr μrad(μSieverts)/hr 4374.5(43.745) Background 68.6(0.686) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 7.2(0.072) Background 7.2(0.072) Background 3.6(0.036) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background At 30 cm Location Location Open Beam μrad(μSieverts)/hr 148.1(1.481) 28.9(0.289) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Open Beam μrad(μSieverts)/hr 20.4(0.204) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background At 100 cm Open Beam Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr μrad(μSieverts)/hr 53.1(0.531) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 030.0112.01.0 Location 23 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Testing conditions, open beam Measurements of the main beam without a sample (open Beam) were collected at 5, 10, 30, and 100cm. The result at the sample position was extrapolated from measured results using a semilog plot as described in IEC 62495. The main beam leaves the front of the instrument going forward and up at a 45-degree angle. Locations where the intensity of the main beam falls to 10% and 1% of the intensity at its center were recorded using the “Standard Setting 1 Alloy Phase 1” only. See the following figure. RadEye gives instantaneous results but is not accurate over large energy ranges. A second survey of the main beam was done with 80 pkV, 2.9mm Al HVL NanoDots (TLD dosimeters) from Landauer with a request to apply the correction factor for NIST H30 that most closely matches the X-rays in the beam for the setting used. The NanoDots were exposed at the locations defined with the RadEye at 10, 30 and 100cm distances from the nose, for a measured time using the Standard Setting 1 Alloy Phase 1. NanoDots do not give instantaneous results but are more accurate. The RadEye was used to find the location of the center of the main beam. Its readings at that time were recorded so a comparison of the results from the NanoDots and RadEye could be made. X-ray beam diameter The following table provides specific beam diameters at selected distances from the beam port when no sample is in place. Distance in cm 10 30 100 030.0112.01.0 1% in cm 4.5 5.45 10.5 32.0 10% in cm 3.4 4.0 7.9 23.7 24 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Correction factors During testing, the following correction factors were used: Distance 5 cm 10 cm 30 cm 100 cm Distance vs. dose in mRad In mRad Distance (cm) 100 30 10 Surface Eye / Skin Time to Limit Distance vs. dose in mSieverts In mSieverts Distance (cm) 100 30 10 Surface Eye / Skin Time to Limit 030.0112.01.0 Nist H30 Correction Factor 3.612 3.612 2.948 2.919 Worst-Case 1 Highest Energy 50KeV, 39A Blank, No Filter mRad Open Beam With Sample 1839 Background 3320 0.027 143697 0.220 163420 0.372 218936 0.632 4.2 / 13.7 Minutes 2.7 / 9 Years Worst-case 1 Highest Energy 50KeV, 39A Blank, No Filter mSieverts Open Beam With Sample 18.39 Background 33.20 0.000265 1437.0 0.002204 1634.2 0.003721 2189.4 0.006324 4.2 / 13.7 Minutes 2.7 / 9 Years Standard Setting 1 Alloy Phase 1 40KeV, 5.2A Ti25/Al300m filter mRad Open Beam With Sample 120 Background 1126 Background 9031 Background 10656 Background 14006 Standard Setting 2 Alloy Phase 2 15KeV, 11.35A Blank, No Filter mRad Open Beam With Sample 34 Background 398 Background 2854 Background 3161 Background 4310 66 / 214 Minutes 214 / 696 Minutes Standard Setting 1 Alloy Phase 1 40KeV, 5.2A Ti25/Al300m filter mSieverts Open Beam With Sample 1.197 Background 11.262 Background 90.308 Background 106.563 Background 140.06 Standard Setting 2 Alloy Phase 2 15KeV, 11.35A Blank, No Filter mSieverts Open Beam With Sample 0.339 Background 3.98 Background 28.537 Background 31.608 Background 43.100 66 / 214 Minutes 214 / 696 Minutes 25 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 2.3. Precautions Prior to using the instrument, read the Radiation Safety Manual, Bruker document 030.0011. Improper handling or use could result in radiation exposure. Do not allow anyone other than trained personnel to operate the analyzer. Only sell or transfer the analyzer to persons registered to receive it. Notify your regulatory agency upon the transfer or disposal of the analyzer. Comply with all instructions and labels provided with the device. Before pressing the trigger, be aware of the direction the X-rays travel. While measuring, do not place any part of your body, especially the eyes or hands, near the Xray source. Do not hold a sample by hand to the window for analysis. Hold the window to the sample. Occasionally, a sample may not be reflective enough to trigger the proximity sensor. Place a piece of white paper or other reflective material between the sample and sensor. If necessary and allowed by law, a supervisor can deactivate the proximity sensor. To test small, thin, or low-density materials, such as plastic, wood, soil, paper, or ceramics, use the optional background plate, or benchtop or desktop stands. 030.0112.01.0 If required by a regulatory agency, wear an appropriate dosimeter. When in use, the device should be in the operator's possession at all times. Always store the instrument in a secure location. Keep the instrument cool and dry, including during transport. Know the instrument’s location at all times. Track all instruments, operators assigned to use them, locations they were used, storage, removal, and transportation. 26 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual If the analyzer is damaged, even if it remains operational, immediately – 1. Remove the battery pack and disconnect all power sources. 2. Notify Bruker at +1 (509) 783-9850, or support.hmp@bruker.com. If the analyzer is lost or stolen, immediately notify – 1. The appropriate regulatory agency in the state or country in which the device was located. 2. Local law enforcement authorities. 3. Bruker at +1 (509) 783-9850, or support.hmp@bruker.com. Never remove labels from the analyzer. This voids regulatory approval of the instrument. Safety officer 030.0112.01.0 If you have questions, check with your radiation safety officer or a Bruker radiation safety officer at +1 (509) 783-9850, or support.hmp@bruker.com. 27 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 2.4. Safety Features Introduction The instrument includes a fail-safe electronic control system consisting of primary and secondary interlocks. The control system is designed to – Aid in the safe use of the instrument. Prevent accidental exposure to radiation. Prevent the instrument from generating radiation in case of damage. As with any safety control system, it cannot prevent injury from intentional misuse. Never attempt to disable or otherwise circumvent a safety control. Power switch interlock A push-button main power switch interlock controls power to all components. The switch must be activated before any other actions can be initiated. When power is activated, X-ray warning lights flash and, after a few seconds, the touch screen displays. Password Once the instrument initializes, a password is requested. The analyzer will neither operate nor generate X-rays without a valid password. X-ray warning Once the password is successfully entered, an X-ray radiation warning is displayed. To continue, press and release the trigger. Proximity sensor The proximity sensor detects when an object is within range of the examination window. X-rays can be generated only if the sensor detects an object. Disabling the interlock For some less favorable testing conditions, the proximity sensor interlock may need to be bypassed. See Supervisor Manual, Bruker document 030.0113. Some locales may not allow this. When the instrument is logged out or powered off, the interlock is not automatically re-enabled. Trigger interlock X-rays are generated when the trigger is pressed. When using the manual trigger setting (see SETTINGS Button, page 35), the trigger must be continuously squeezed during measurements. When the trigger is released, X-ray generation stops. Auxiliary trigger In some countries, both hands are required to be on the instrument when X-rays are generated. The auxiliary trigger, built into each instrument, is part of that two stage implementation. Minimum backscatter During each measurement, the X-ray count-rate is continuously monitored. If the count-rate drops below the allowable threshold, as it would in the absence of a sample, X-ray generation discontinues, minimizing potential exposure. X-ray warning lights When X-rays are generated, red lamps along the instrument’s side and beneath the screen illuminate. The lamp incorporates redundant LED elements for increased reliability. If more than two red LED elements fail, X-rays cannot be generated. Buzzer In Canada, when the trigger is pressed, an audible alarm indicates X-rays are being generated. Automatic log off If the analyzer remains idle for more than the time specified in Supervisor Mode (default 5 minutes), it logs off the user. Upon login, the previous session is restored. Labels Warning labels identify the analyzer as radiation producing. The manufacturer’s plate underneath contains regulatory information. Do not tamper with or remove any labels. TRACER 5i hatch To generate X-rays, the collimator must be installed and the hatch must be securely closed. 030.0112.01.0 28 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 3. Starting Up Powering on To use the analyzer, it must be powered on and logged into. To power on the analyzer – Firmly press the power switch for one second. S1 TITAN TRACER 5i screen The instrument takes several moments to initialize. It is ready when Login is displayed. Power switch TRACER 5i S1 TITAN screen When a TRACER 5i boots up, the following screen is displayed. It describes the current instrument configuration, including the last application used and hardware settings. To continue, tap OK. TRACER 5i open hatch If OK is not displayed, the hatch (little door in the nose) is open and the instrument is in an unsafe state. Close the hatch and the window closes. Powering off To turn off the analyzer – Firmly press the power switch for one second. 030.0112.01.0 The instrument powers down. 29 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Log in To log in – Step Action After powering on the analyzer, tap Login. Tap the password. The default is 12345. Result The login screen is displayed. The field reflects the changes. To delete one character at a time, from right to left, tap DEL. To clear the field entirely, tap CLR. Tap OK. Press and release the trigger. Log in screen The radiation warning screen is displayed. The Ready to Test screen is displayed. U.S. Radiation Warning Ready to Test screen Wrong password If an invalid password is entered, the message Password is invalid OK is displayed. Tap OK to remove the message and try again. Screen description The Ready to Test screen – Displays information in the status bar. Provides access to menu trees from which all analyzer functions can be performed. Status bar icons The status bar, across the top of the screen, always displays the user icon ( and power status, but may show additional icons – Icon or 1001 TRACER 5i collimator icons 030.0112.01.0 or for supervisor), Description Print. See the Accessories Manual, Bruker document 030.0116. GPS or No GPS. See the Accessories Manual, Bruker document 030.0116. A USB flash drive is installed. (TRACER 5i only) Pressure in millibars. This is an example value only. ⓔ ③ ⑧ ⓤ Empty 3mm 8mm Unknown 30 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Power status Power status is displayed in the status bar with one of the following icons – Icon Keyboards Status External power Battery at 100% Battery at 75% Battery at 50% Battery at 25% Empty battery Error connecting to battery From several screens an alphanumeric or numeric keyboard may be accessed for data entry. Alphanumeric keyboard Keys Typical use 030.0112.01.0 Key CAPS Shift Delete Clear Backspace Reset OK LT and RT Cancel Numeric keyboard Function Toggles between all capital letters and all lower case letters. Changes the case of only the next letter tapped. Removes the character to the right of the cursor. Removes all characters from the field. Removes the character to the left of the cursor. Restores the field without changes. Saves changes and closes the keyboard. Move the cursor left or right in the selected field. Closes without saving changes. Typical use of the analyzer is – 1. Name a sample (optional). 2. Scan the sample. 3. Review the results of the scan. 4. Repeat steps 2-4 as necessary. 5. Back up data. 6. Run report. 31 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Main functions The Ready to Test screen includes seven touch buttons, eight if a camera is installed – Button name APPLICATION METHOD SETTINGS DISPLAY CAMERA Utilities Edit Info Logoff Created files Purpose Specifies the purpose for which the instrument is used. Specifies a calibration applicable to the selected application. Specifies trigger behavior and measurement duration. Specifies how measurement results are displayed. If a camera is installed, accesses camera features. Accesses options to display results and back up data. Allows measurement data to be named and described. Logs off the current user and displays the login screen. When a measurement is taken, the following files are created and saved on the instrument: Data Type Element concentrations Spectra 030.0112.01.0 Description Saves measurement data to Results.csv in the Bruker\Data folder, readable in Excel. What data is saved depends on the selected application. Saved data can be viewed on the Results screen or with a Windows Compatible PC running Bruker Instrument Tools. See the Bruker Toolbox User Guide, document number 030.0119. Saves data as a .pdz file and can include spectra, element concentrations, and more. If copied to a PC, the file can be opened by Bruker Instrument Tools (see the Bruker Toolbox User Guide, document number 030.0119) to display spectra or generate a results report with grade IDs, limits results, or percent concentrations, depending on the selection from the DISPLAY screen. 32 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 4. APPLICATION Button Description The APPLICATION Button accesses application options. The intended use of the instrument determines which option to select. Possible options Available applications based on the purchased configuration can include – Standard alloys. Restricted materials. Mining. Precious metals. Other custom applications. Selecting application To select an application – Step Action From the Ready to Test screen, tap APPLICATION. Tap an application name. Tap OK. Result The Select Analysis Type screen is displayed. The application name is highlighted. The Ready to Test screen is displayed with the name of the selected application on the APPLICATION button. Spectrometer mode Applications have a preset voltage, current, and filter that cannot be changed. Spectrometer Mode allows those settings to be adjusted within limits. Spectra are recorded, but data are not analyzed. Settings For each application, settings can be defined. Settings include – Method Display options Phase durations (measurement times) Manual or automatic trigger Whenever the application is changed, settings are changed to those defined for that application. 030.0112.01.0 33 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 5. METHOD Button Description The instrument analyzes a sample using a specifically selected calibration, or method. The selection can be automatic or user-specified. Automatic is recommended. The selected application determines available options in METHOD. For more information, see Applications Module, Bruker document 030.0115. Selecting a method To select a method other than Automatic Calibration Selection – Step Action From the Ready to Test screen, tap METHOD. Ensure that Automatic Calibration Selection box is not checked. If it is checked, tap it. Tap a method name. Tap OK. 030.0112.01.0 Result The Select Method screen is displayed. The box is empty. The method name is highlighted. The Ready to Test screen is displayed with the name of the selected method on the METHOD button. 34 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 6. SETTINGS Button Description The options in SETTINGS define trigger behavior and multiple measurement times, or phases. The selected application determines available phases. For example, PMI can have one phase; Alloys has two phases, and Geo Exploration can have three phases. The following screens are for applications other than Spectrometer Mode. For Spectrometer Mode, see page 37. Default settings Default settings are set at the factory, or by the supervisor, and determine the length of the measurement. If Use Default Settings is checked, phase options are not displayed. Use Default Settings unchecked, single phase Phases Accuracy 030.0112.01.0 Use Default Settings unchecked, multi-phase Phase Description 1st A quick, high level assay used to refine settings for the subsequent phase. 2nd A more specific and accurate assay based on first phase information. rd An additional assay available for some applications. The longer the measurement, the more accurate the results. Every second to several seconds of a measurement, depending on the application, displayed results are updated. 35 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Phase length To manually set the length of each phase – Step Action From the Ready to Test screen, tap SETTINGS. Ensure that Use Default Settings box is not checked. If it checked, tap it. Ensure the box below Unlimited is unchecked. Set each phase duration in seconds by tapping either the minus sign (-) or the plus sign (+) to decrease or increase, respectively, the measurement duration. OR Tap the field. On the keyboard, tap a number and OK. For subsequent phases, repeat steps 3-5. To disable subsequent phases, set duration to 0. Tap OK. Result The SETTINGS screen is displayed. Phase options are displayed. The box is empty and fields previously grayed out are available. The field reflects the number change. OR A numeric keyboard is displayed. The keyboard is removed and the field reflects the number change. The Settings are saved and the Ready to Test screen is displayed. One phase If a method does not use multiple phases, only one phase is displayed. Unlimited Unlimited indicates the measurement continues while the trigger is pressed and ends when the trigger is released. It is not a timed measurement but is limited to 300 seconds. If Unlimited is checked for a phase, the instrument will NOT use that phase or additional phases. First result The interval in seconds between the start of an assay and when the First Result displays can be set manually. This assures that results from shorter, less accurate test times are not displayed. First test The time can be set manually before the First Test displays and records. Longer test times are more accurate. First Test settings must always be as long as, or longer, than First Result times. Results of the first test are compared to the Grade Library and, if a match is found, the grade ID is displayed. Activate beep This checkbox determines if an audible alarm sounds when a grade match is found. Trigger options Manual Trigger Active – The instrument operates while the trigger is pressed or until safety criteria are exceeded. Auto Trigger Active – The measurement begins when the trigger is pressed and released. Analysis time is controlled by defined phase durations. The measurement can be stopped at any time by pressing and releasing the trigger again. This option is not available in all markets. 030.0112.01.0 36 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 7. SETTINGS Button – Spectrometer Mode Description If Spectrometer Mode was selected under APPLICATION, then under SETTINGS one of the following screens is displayed, depending on instrument type. S1 TITAN Standard settings To select a standard spectrometer setting – Step 030.0112.01.0 TRACER 5i Action From the Ready to Test screen with application Spectrometer Mode selected, tap SETTINGS. To select a defined setting, tap the down pointing triangle below Reset. Tap a selection. Tap the down pointing triangle to the right of Wheel, scroll down if necessary, and tap a filter name. Note that S1 TITAN models 200 and 500 do not have Wheel displayed. Define System Settings as necessary. Tap OK. Result The Spectrometer Settings screen is displayed. A dropdown list is displayed. The setting name is displayed in the field and the kV and μA fields reflect appropriate settings. The filter name is displayed. Settings are saved and the Ready to Test screen is displayed. 37 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Custom settings To customize spectrometer settings – Step Action From the Spectrometer Settings screen, tap the field next to kV (kilovolts) or μA (microamp). Tap a value and tap OK. Result The numeric keyboard is displayed. The keyboard is removed and the field reflects the change. Repeat steps 1 and 2 for the other field. Reset To restore values, tap Reset. Original values are displayed. Additional TRACER 5i settings The TRACER 5i has the described setting options plus the following. These settings are required to tell the instrument which hardware options are installed so the data is recorded in measurement files. Option Manual Collimator Atmosphere 030.0112.01.0 Lists options for… Filters that can be manually installed. Collimators that can be manually installed. (If a collimator is installed but another is selected here, the installed collimator number in the status bar is displayed in red instead of black.) Atmospheric measurement environments: Air – normal use. Vacuum – setting for use with a vacuum pump to eliminate air between the sample and detector. Flush – setting for use with a Helium flush to replace air between the sample and detector. 38 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 8. DISPLAY Button Description How measurement results are displayed is determined by options selected under the DISPLAY button. For information on Grade Library and Grade Pass/Fail options, see the Alloy Module, Bruker document 030.0114. Limits Testing Limits Testing displays measurement results against minimum and maximum values. For more information, see Restricted Materials Screening Application Guide, Bruker document 030.0117 and Soil Application Guide, Bruker document 030.0118. None Selecting None provides a sample analysis without a comparison to a grade library. The Results screen displays – Index number. Date and time of the assay. Assay duration in seconds. Detected elements. Element percentages or PPM and their statistical +/- error range. (The longer the measurement, the smaller the +/- error range.) 030.0112.01.0 39 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 8.1. Display Settings Description Description of options 030.0112.01.0 How measurement results are displayed is specified on the Display Settings screen. Option Description Display Units Measurement results can be displayed in – PPM – Parts per million. % – Percent. Special – An application-defined setting; or as defined in EasyCal. See EasyCal – a Comic Strip, Bruker document 030.0101. Display Size The font size on the Results screen. Sort By Results are sorted by element atomic number (El No) or alphabetically by element name (El Name). Enable LOD Results include analyzed elements with an assay less than the limits of Display detection (LOD). The LOD is defined as n*STD, where n is a number from 1 - 5 and STD is standard deviation. Number of The number of digits displayed to the right of the decimal point of a percent Decimals value. STD Display The number of standard deviations on the Results screen. The error displayed Limit with an assay is n*STD. If the assay is less than n*STD and Enable LOD Display is checked, the assay is displayed as- .pdz (e.g., 00456-Alloys.pdz) spectrum file. Sample ID Whatever is entered in the first field under Value is what is displayed in the SampleId field in Results (and the Name field in Report Generator in Bruker Instrument Tools). If Operator is the first value, then the second value is used for SampleId. File List More than one source file may be available with different or additional Field Names. To access additional source files, tap the downward pointing arrow to the right of the File List field. A dropdown list is displayed. Tap a selection. Labeling an assay To label subsequent assays – Step Action From the Ready to Test screen, tap the Edit Info button. Double tap a field under Value.* Enter appropriate information. Tap OK. *List option 030.0112.01.0 Repeat steps 2 - 4 as necessary. To save changes to the Sample ID Fields screen, tap OK. Result The Sample ID Fields screen is displayed. A keyboard is displayed. The field reflects the change. The keyboard is removed and information is saved in the field. The Ready to Test screen is displayed and subsequent assays are labeled accordingly until these settings are changed. If the List checkbox, available in Supervisor Mode, is checked for the applicable Field Name, when a field under Value is tapped once, a dropdown list is displayed, rather than a keyboard. Select from the list or , as described below. 46 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Adding values with Note that once a value is added, it cannot be removed from the list. To add values to a dropdown list if the List checkbox available in Supervisor Mode is checked for the applicable Field Name – Step Action From the Sample ID Fields screen, tap a Value field. Tap . Enter a value and tap OK. Tap OK. 030.0112.01.0 Result A dropdown list with is displayed. The keyboard is displayed. The new value is displayed in the Value field. The change is saved and the Ready to Test screen is displayed. 47 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 11. Results Description Results of a measurement are displayed two ways – During and immediately after a scan. Through the Utilities -> Results buttons. The actual screen configuration varies depending on the selected method and settings defined under DISPLAY. See DISPLAY Button, page 39. Past results To review the results of a past analysis – Step Action From the Ready to Test screen, tap the Utilities button. Tap Results. Display toolbar 030.0112.01.0 Touch scroll up and down, left and right, to see all assay names. Tap a measurement to review. At the bottom of the screen, tap the sample’s index number. Result The Utilities screen is displayed. A table showing every assay stored in memory, in reverse order of Index number (most recent measurement at the top), is displayed. The sample is highlighted. Results of the sample’s assay are displayed. To remove the lower toolbar, double tap the center of the screen. To display it again, double tap again. 48 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Toolbar displayed Toolbar removed 1. ID match If the sample matches grade IDs in the library, up to three matching IDs are displayed. If not, the application name is displayed. 2. Assay information The following information is provided for quick reference – Index number of the sample. The date and time the assay was measured. Length of the measurement in seconds. If averaging, the index numbers of the selected assays. 3. Columns Column Heading El Min and Max %, PPM, or Special +/- [*n] Description Element symbol. Minimum and maximum percent allowed according to the grade library. Note that some applications do not use a grade library and Min and Max are not displayed. Amount of the element in either percent, parts per million, or units defined in EasyCal. See EasyCal – a Comic Strip, Bruker document 030.0101. Standard deviation. Sorting To sort data in a column in descending or ascending order – tap a column heading. 4. < and > To view different assays ordered by index number – use the back and forward options, < and >. 5. Info To display the assay’s name, ID, and other information, if applicable – tap Info. This information cannot be edited. 030.0112.01.0 49 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 11.1. Spectrum Elemental spectrum To view the spectrum and specific elements for the selected assay – Step Action From the Results screen of a specified assay, tap Spectrum. Tap El. Scroll down to see all elements. Tap one. Tap OK. To identify a spectrum peak, tap it. Alternative A list of element symbols is displayed. The element is highlighted. The spectrum is displayed with one or more red vertical bars identifying peaks for the selected element. El is now replaced with the symbol of the selected element. One or more red vertical bars is displayed and the element symbol is displayed on the El button. To view the spectrum and specific elements for the selected assay an alternative way – Step 030.0112.01.0 Result The Spectrum screen is displayed. Action From the Results screen of a specified assay, tap an element. Tap Spectrum. Result The element row is highlighted. The spectrum is displayed with that element’s peaks noted by red vertical bars. The selected element’s symbol is displayed on the El button. 50 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Vertical enhancement To exaggerate peaks, tap the spectrum and drag upward. Axis toolbar The axis toolbar manipulates the spectrum display to better view details. To display it, tap the screen and hold. Option Description X+ Stretches the x-axis (keV) scale to zoom in on the spectrum. To view the entire spectrum, tap and drag horizontally. XCompresses the x-axis (keV) scale to zoom out from the spectrum. X0 Re-centers and returns the spectrum to the original x-axis scale. Cent. Re-centers the spectrum on both the x- and y-axes. Y+ Stretches the y-axis (count rate) scale. YCompresses the y-axis (count rate) scale. Y0 Returns the spectrum to the original scale along the y-axis. Def. Restores the spectrum to its default setting; the spectrum is re-centered and the original scale along both axes is restored. 030.0112.01.0 51 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 11.2. Averaging Averaging Values from selected measurements can be averaged. Assays can be selected individually or by default. Note: Only assays taken with the same method can be averaged. Average results Average results are – Calculated for elements and +/- values. If an element is missing from one of the averaged results, the value is 0. For example, results of three assays are averaged. Al is detected at 60%, 60%, and 0%. The average is 40%. Analyzed for Grade Matching and Pass/Fail. Saved in the results list and in Results.csv. Enable averaging When Enable Averaging is checked for an assay – Averaging is available to all assays stored in the Results.csv file. The Use in Average and Calculate Average options are displayed on the Results screen. The ability to average remains in effect until Enable Averaging is unchecked. Screen options when Enable Averaging is unchecked To enable To enable assays to be included in an average calculation – Step Action If a Results screen does not display Use in Average, tap Averaging. Tap the Enable Averaging checkbox. Tap OK. 030.0112.01.0 Screen options when Enable Averaging is checked Result The Averaging screen is displayed. A checkmark is displayed. The Results screen is displayed and any assay stored on the instrument can be used in an average calculation. 52 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual User selected To average multiple user selected assays – Step Action From the Results screen, tap Averaging. Tap User Selected Averages. Tap OK. Default selected Tap the Use in Average checkbox for each assay included in the average calculation. To display additional assays to be used in the average calculation, use < and > to flip through previous and subsequent assays. When all desired assays have checked Use in Average boxes, tap Calculate Average. Index numbers of assays used in the calculation are listed in the status bar (e.g. AVG 8 9 11 15). Their calculated average is displayed and stored in Results.csv. To average Default Selected assays – Step Action Display the assay with the highest index number of the assays to be part of an average calculation. For example, to average assays 7 9, display index number 9. Tap Averaging. Tap Default Selected Averages. Set the number of previous assays to be included in the average calculation by tapping either the up or down pointing triangle to increase or decrease, respectively, the value. OR Tap the field. Tap a number and OK to close the keyboard and OK to accept the settings. Tap Calculate Average. 030.0112.01.0 Result The Averaging screen is displayed. The radio button is filled. The Results screen is displayed and any assay stored on the instrument can be used in a user selected average calculation. A checkmark is displayed. Result The Averaging screen is displayed. The radio button is filled. The field reflects the change. OR A numeric keyboard is displayed. The selected assay is displayed again. The average values of the number of assays specified is displayed. Assays part of the average are identified in the status bar and in Results.csv by index number. For example, if the Number of Previous Results to Average is 3 and the starting index number is 9, AVG 7 8 9 is displayed. 53 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Averaged results cannot be averaged Results of an average calculation cannot be included in a subsequent average calculation. This means for – User Selected Averages – The Use in Average option is not available for results of an average calculation. Default Selected Averages – A current average does not include values from any averages falling within the specified range of assays to be averaged. Example For example, if – The Number of Previous Results to Average is 3. The starting index number is 9. Index number 7 is a previously average set of results. The specified range backward skips index number 7 and instead includes index number 6. AVG 6 8 9 is displayed in the status bar. 030.0112.01.0 54 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual 12. Quality Check Description This test verifies assays measured and recorded on the instrument are accurate. Process To verify that your instrument is calibrated correctly – Step Action Set APPLICATION to Alloys and Method to Automatic Calibration Selection. From the Ready to Test screen, measure the supplied Duplex 2205 Check Sample 10 times. Average the 10 assays. See Averaging, page 52. Compare the average measured value for each element against the Acceptance Limit maximum and minimum on the Check Sample Report supplied with your instrument. If all averaged measurements fall within MAX and MIN limits, continue to use the instrument. If averages fall outside MAX and MIN limits, with respect to standard deviation, check – Measurement times Sample surface Instrument window If the instrument does not perform as expected, contact Bruker at support.hmp@bruker.com, +1 (509) 783-9850. Individual reports The following figure is an example only. When performing a quality check, use the Check Sample Report included with your instrument. It contains values specific to it as determined during testing at the factory. Check Sample Report, example only 030.0112.01.0 55 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Appendix A Additional TRACER 5i Radiation Profile Test Results Description To read testing standards and conditions, see Radiation Profile – TRACER 5i on page 20. Worst-case 2 highest power Tests were performed with the following settings: Setting Type Value Voltage (keV) 40 Current (μA) 99 Filter Blank #2 At 5 cm Location At 30 cm Location At 10 cm Open Beam μrad(μSieverts)/hr 458762102(4587621 6722.5(67.225) 1520.8(15.208) 2044.6(20.446) 198.7(1.987) 581.6(5.816) 39.7(0.397) 4302.2(4.3022) 2279.4(22.794) 310.7(3.107) 274.5(2.745) Background Background Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr 28.9(0.289) Background 21.7(0.217) Background Background Background Background 57.8(0.578) 104.8(1.048) Background Background Background Background Open Beam μrad(μSieverts)/hr 81244.2(812.442) Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr Background 2893.5(28.935) 1412.4(14.124) 2134.9(21.349) 177.0(1.770) 516.6(5.166) Background 1556.9(15.569) 1773.6(17.736) 610.5(6.105) 466.0(4.660) 220.4(2.204) 93.9(0.939) Background Background Background Background Background Background 14.4(0.144) 39.7(0.397) 39.7(0.397) 18.1(0.181) 28.9(0.289) 14.4(0.144) Open Beam μrad(μSieverts)/hr 5811.3(58.113) 207.2(2.072) 251.0(2.510) 154.7(1.547) 198.5(1.985) 131.3(1.313) 131.3(1.313) 201.4(2.014) 207.2(2.072) 134.3(1.343) 157.6(1.576) 148.9(1.489) 125.5(1.255) 213.1(2.131) 236.4(2.364) Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Location At 100 cm Open Beam μrad(μSieverts)/hr 10881.3(108.813) 769.4(7.694) 798.9(7.989) 798.9(7.989) 265.3(2.653) 356.7(3.567) Background 542.4(5.424) 622.0(6.220) 415.7(4.157) 474.6(4.746) 173.9(1.739) 259.4(2.594) 030.0112.01.0 Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Location 56 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Standard setting 3 high voltage Tests were performed with the following settings: Setting Type Value Voltage (keV) 50 Current (μA) 9.7 Filter Cu75,Ti25,Al200mm #3 At 5 cm Location At 10 cm Open Beam μrad(μSieverts)/hr 288951.5(2889.51) 184.2(1.842) 25.3(0.253) 65.0(0.650) 18.1(0.181) Background Background 148.1(1.481) 148.1(1.481) Background Background Background Background Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 43.3(0.433) 104.8(1.048) Background Background Background Background At 30 cm Location Location Open Beam μrad(μSieverts)/hr 3001.8(30.018) 68.6(0.686) 25.3(0.253) 54.2(0.542) Background Background Background 25.3(0.253) 61.4(0.614) Background Background Background Background Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr Background Background Background Background Background 18.1(0.181) Background 18.1(0.181) 79.5(0.795) 18.1(0.181) 18.1(0.181) 18.1(0.181) 18.1(0.181) At 100 cm Open Beam Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr μrad(μSieverts)/hr 445.2(4.452) Background Background Background Background Background 26.5(0.265) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 14.7(0.147) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 030.0112.01.0 Location Open Beam Duplex μrad(μSieverts)/hr μrad(μSieverts)/hr 216.0(2.160) Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background Background 57 of 58 i S1 TITAN and TRACER 5 User Manual Distance vs. dose Worst-Case 2 Highest Power Distance (cm) 100 30 10 Surface Eye / Skin Time to Limit 030.0112.01.0 Blank, No Filter mRad/mSieverts Open Beam With Sample 4057 / 40.571 Background 28891 / 288.91 Background 357618 / 3576.18 Background 395525 / 0.054 / 3955.25 0.000542 541677 / 5416.77 1.7 / 5.54 Minutes Standard Setting 3 High Voltage mRad/mSieverts Open Beam With Sample 81 / 0.809 Background 766 / 7.665 Background 0.033 / 6141 / 61.409 0.000325 0.033 / 7947 / 79.471 0.000325 10031 / 100.31 92 / 299 Minutes 58 of 58
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