CalAmp Wireless Networks 2424016-001 T-96SR Telemetry Transceiver/Modem User Manual HNETmanual

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T-96H
Radio Modem
Technical Manual
version 0.01
PRELIMINARY
The entire contents of this manual and the Radio Service Software
described in this manual are copyright 1998 by DATARADIO Inc.
Copyright DATARADIO Inc.
August 1998
part no.: 120 10504-001
Table of Contents
1.
PRODUCT OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 INTENDED AUDIENCE ................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.4 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.5 CONFIGURATION ........................................................................................................................................ 1
1.6 CATALOG NUMBERS ................................................................................................................................... 2
1.7 FACTORY TECHNICAL SUPPORT................................................................................................................... 2
1.8 PRODUCT WARRANTY ................................................................................................................................ 2
1.9 REPLACEMENT PARTS ................................................................................................................................. 2
1.9.1 Factory Repair.................................................................................................................................. 2
1.10
DIAGNOSTICS AND REMOTE COMMANDS ................................................................................................. 3
1.10.1
Addressing.................................................................................................................................... 3
1.10.2
Online Diagnostics ....................................................................................................................... 3
1.10.3
Offline Diagnostics ....................................................................................................................... 4
1.10.4
Remote Commands ....................................................................................................................... 4
1.11
NETWORK CONFIGURATION .................................................................................................................... 4
1.11.1
Basic Network............................................................................................................................... 4
1.11.2
Network Using T-Base .................................................................................................................. 5
1.11.3
Network Using T-Base Repeater ................................................................................................... 5
1.11.4
Network Using T-96H for Online Diagnostics ............................................................................... 6
2.
FEATURES AND OPERATION ................................................................................................................ 7
1.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................. 7
2.1 INTENDED AUDIENCE ................................................................................................................................. 7
2.2 FRONT PANEL ............................................................................................................................................ 7
2.2.1 LED Indicators ................................................................................................................................. 7
2.3 DTE PORT INTERFACE ............................................................................................................................... 8
2.3.1 RS-232 Inteface Signal Levels........................................................................................................... 8
2.3.2 Interface Port.................................................................................................................................... 9
2.3.3 Interface Signal Description ............................................................................................................. 9
2.4 CHANNEL SELECTION ............................................................................................................................... 10
2.5 OPERATION .............................................................................................................................................. 10
2.5.1 RTS/CTS Timing ............................................................................................................................. 11
2.5.2 XTAL mode ..................................................................................................................................... 11
2.5.3 Extended Turnoff ............................................................................................................................ 11
3.
ADJUSTMENTS AND MAINTENANCE ................................................................................................ 12
1.1 OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................................... 12
3.1 INTENDED AUDIENCE ............................................................................................................................... 12
3.2 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED ............................................................................................................................. 12
3.3 MAINTENANCE INTERVALS ....................................................................................................................... 12
3.4 T96H ADJUSTMENTS ................................................................................................................................ 12
3.4.1 Preliminary Verification ................................................................................................................. 12
3.4.2 Basic Adjustments ........................................................................................................................... 12
3.4.3 Tests & ajustments .......................................................................................................................... 12
3.4.4 Opening the Unit............................................................................................................................. 15
3.4.5 Location of Adjustments and Test Points ......................................................................................... 15
3.4.5.1
4.
All Models, Logic PCB .......................................................................................................................... 15
LOADER/MODEM BOARD CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ....................................................................... 15
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
5.
GENERAL.............................................................................................................................................. 15
TRANSMIT DATA................................................................................................................................. 15
RECEIVE DATA.................................................................................................................................... 16
SYNTHESIZER PROGRAMMING......................................................................................................... 16
POWER SUPPLIES ................................................................................................................................ 16
MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS.......................................................................................................... 16
SPECIFICATIONS.................................................................................................................................... 18
INDEX................................................................................................................................................................ 20
FIGURE 1 - BASIC NETWORK.................................................................................................................................... 4
FIGURE 2 - NETWORK USING T-BASE ....................................................................................................................... 5
FIGURE 3 - USING A T-BASE REPEATER .................................................................................................................... 5
FIGURE 4 - NETWORK WITH MONITORING SITE ........................................................................................................ 6
FIGURE 5 - DATA I/O CONNECTOR PINOUT .............................................................................................................. 8
FIGURE 6 - DIP SWITCH LOCATION ........................................................................................................................ 10
FIGURE 7 - LOGIC BOARD ADJUSTMENTS AND TEST POINTS .................................................................................... 15
TABLE 1 - RS-232 SIGNAL LEVELS ............................................................................................................................. 8
TABLE 2 - CHANNEL SELECTION ............................................................................................................................ 10
TABLE 3 - RTS / CTS DELAYS .............................................................................................................................. 11
TABLE 4 - EXTENDED TURNOFF DELAYS ................................................................................................................ 11
TABLE 5: TESTS AND ADJUSTMENTS FULL CHANNEL UNITS (25 KHZ & 30 KHZ MODELS)....................................... 13
TABLE 6: TESTS AND ADJUSTMENTS HALF CHANNEL UNITS (12.5 KHZ & 15 KHZ MODELS) .................................... 14
ii
What's New in Version 0.01
•
First version of the T-96H technical manual based on the latest T96S technical manual ver 2.01.
History
Version 0.01:
•
Preliminary version.
iii
Definitions
The following terms are used throughout this document.
Item
Bit dribble
DCE
DTE
HDX
OFLNDIAG
ONDMON
PLC
RS-232
RSS
RTS
Definition
Extraneous bits delivered at the end of a data transmission. Equivalent to a
“squelch tail” in voice systems.
Data Communications Equipment. This designation defines the direction (input or
output) of the various RS-232C interface signals. Modems are always wired as
DCE. See also DTE.
Data Terminal Equipment. This designation defines the direction (input or output)
of the various RS-232C interface signals. Most telemetry and SCADA equipment,
as well as PCs, are wired as DTE. See also DCE.
Half Duplex. A unit which uses separate transmit and receive frequencies, but
which may not transmit and receive simultaneously.
Offline Diagnostics software. This software allows local (T-96S only) and remote
diagnostics (T-96S and RNET 9600S).
Online Diagnostics Monitor software. This software allows online diagnostics
monitoring of T-96S/DL3276 and RNET 9600S.
Programmable Logic Controller. An intelligent device that can make decisions,
gather and report information, and control other devices.
Industry–standard interface for low speed data transfer (EIA-RS-232E).
Radio Service Software. This software allows configuration and testing of the T96S (T96RSS).
Request To Send. An RS-232C signal used by most SCADA equipment to initiate
a data transmission.
RTU
Remote Terminal Unit. A SCADA device used to gather information or control
other devices.
SCADA
Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition. A general term referring to systems
that gather data and/or perform control operations.
Simplex
Transparent
T-96S
A unit which uses the same frequency for transmit and receive.
A transparent unit transmits all data without regard to special characters, etc.
The DATARADIO T-96S Telemetry Radiomodem. The T-Base is made up of 2 or 3
modified T-96S units.
The Johnson Data Telemetry (JDT) version of the T96S.
DL-3276
T-96H
Enhence version of the T-96S capable of 19200 b/s in full channel radio and 9600
b/s in half channel radio models.
iv
1. PRODUCT OVERVIEW
1.4
This document provides the information required for the selection, installation, operation and maintenance of the DATARADIO T96H radiomodem.
1.1
The T-96H consists of a logic PCB (which
includes the modem circuitry) and a separate
radio module. The two boards plug directly
together and slide into the rails of an extruded aluminum case. The front panel includes the DE-15 data connector and a SMA
antenna connector, as well as three LED indicators. Power connections are made
through the DE-15 data connector. The unit
is not hermetically sealed and should be
mounted in a suitable enclosure where dust
and/or a corrosive atmosphere are anticipated. There are no external switches or adjustments. Operating parameters are set using software.
Intended Audience
This document is designed for use by engineering design, installation, and maintenance
personnel.
1.2
Introduction
This chapter provides the information necessary to identify and assess the capabilities of
the T-96H. Connection and operation are
also described.
1.3
Channel selection may be done using an internal DIP switch, by strapping the appropriate pins on the DE-15 data connector, or by
selecting the desired channel using the
T96HRSS or the OFLNDIAG.
General Description
The T-96H is a transparent real-time radiomodem designed primarily for SCADA and
telemetry use. The T-96H is available in different versions according to radio frequency.
Common features to all versions include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Data speeds of 4800 to 19200 b/s
(9600 b/s maximum in half channels)
using standard RS-232 interface.
Built–in 8 channel synthesized radio
transceiver for VHF, UHF and
900 MHz.
Power output of 1W to 5W (software
controlled).
Half duplex or simplex operation.
Transmit switching via RTS.
On-line diagnostics monitoring
Offline local and remote diagnostics.
Compatible with DATARADIO T-Base
for base station or repeater use.
Compatible with any
Physical Description
1.5
Configuration
Operating characteristics of the T-96H are
configured by means of Radio Service Software (T96HRSS - p/n 085 03250-xxx)
available from your sales representative.
Also available is the Offline Diagnostics
software (OFLNDIAG) and the Online Diagnostics Monitor (ONDMON) which give
access to offline diagnostics & commands
(local and remote) and online diagnostics
monitoring with or without a T-Base. Both
programs are MSDOS based and will run on
any 486 or higher PC (2 Megabytes memory
required).
The T-96H requires the use of the
T96HRSS for both configuration and adjustment.
®
NTEROPERABILITY
DATARADIO
Interoperability Standard (DIOS)
equipment for data rate up to 9600 b/s.
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
T-96S Technical Manual
1.6
Customer Service Department
299 Johnson Avenue, P.O. Box 1733
Waseca, MN 56093-0833
Catalog Numbers
A T-96H may be identified from its catalog
number.
Technical support hours: Monday to Friday
9:00 AM to 5:00 PM, Central Time,.
CATALOG NUMBERS
Format is TH[radio][band][channel spacing]0
radio
22
phone: 800 992-7774 and
+1 507 835-6911
fax:
507 835-6969
Email address: support@johnsondata.com
VHF
12
UHF
92
900
1.8
band (frequencies in MHz)
380 - 403
403 - 419
Warranty information may be obtained by
contacting your sales representative.
419 - 435
132 – 150
435 - 451
150 – 174
450 - 470
464 - 480
480 - 496
496 - 512
1.9
928 - 960
15.0
12.5
12.5
30.0
25.0
25.0
Replacement Parts
This product is normally not field serviceable, except by the replacement of complete
units. Specialized equipment and training is
required to repair logic boards and radio
modules.
channel spacing (frequencies in MHz)
Contact Technical Support for service information before returning equipment. A Technical Support representative may suggest a
solution eliminating the need to return
equipment.
For example, a TH12530 is a UHF, 450-470 MHz unit with
25 kHz channel spacing.
1.7
Product Warranty
Factory Technical
Support
1.9.1 Factory Repair
The Technical Support departments of
DATARADIO and Johnson Data Telemetry
(JDT) provide customer assistance on technical problems and serve as an interface with
factory repair facilities. They can be
reached in the following ways:
When returning equipment for repair, you
must request an RMA (Returned Material
Authorization) number. The Tech Support
representative will ask you several questions
to clearly identify the problem. Please give
the representative the name of a contact person who is familiar with the problem, should
questions arise during servicing of the unit.
DATARADIO Inc.
5500 Royalmount Ave, suite 200
Town of Mount Royal
Quebec, Canada H4P 1H7
Customers are responsible for shipping
charges for returned units. Units in warranty
will be repaired free of charge unless there is
evidence of abuse or damage beyond the
terms of the warranty. Units out of warranty
will be subject to service charges. Information about these charges is available from
Technical Support.
Technical support hours: Monday to Friday
9:00 AM to 5:00 PM, Eastern Time,.
phone: +1 514 737-0020
fax:
+1 514 737-7883
Email address: support@dataradio.com
Johnson Data Telemetry Corp.
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
T-96S Technical Manual
Short ID: This value is the low order 10 bits
of the ID Number. It is used to identify
online diagnostics only. It may not be
modified directly using the T96HRSS; it
is always derived from the ID Number.
All units within a network should have
unique Short ID numbers to avoid ambiguity in Online Diagnostics reports.
1.10 Diagnostics and Remote
Commands
Diagnostics and remote commands are processed using the T96H Offline Diagnostics
software (OFLNDIAG). Diagnostics can be
monitored using the T96H Online Diagnostics Monitor program (ONDMON).
The T-96H has the following diagnostic and
command features:
Either the T96HRSS or OFLNDIAG may be
used to check the value of the Short ID.
When setting up a network, we recommend
checking each unit to make sure that there is
no duplication of Short ID numbers. Duplications may be resolved by changing the ID
Number.
Online diagnostics. Information is automatically sent by each unit at the beginning
of every transmission. May be disabled
for back compatibility with DATARADIO
T-Modem 96 or Motorola RNET 9600.
Offline diagnostics. Information is sent by a
specific unit in response to an inquiry by
the master or monitoring station.
Remote commands. Commands may be sent
by the master or monitoring station to
any specific remote unit.
If ID Numbers are set so that their value is
within the range of 1 to 1023, the ID Number
and the Short ID will always have the same
value. Customers may find this to be a convenience.
1.10.2 Online Diagnostics
Online diagnostics (statistics) require the use
of a network configuration such as that
specified in section 1.11.2. or 1.11.4 Online
diagnostics do not interfere with normal network operation. The following information is
gathered:
1.10.1 Addressing
Each T-96H has addressing capability which
is used for diagnostics and remote commands
only. Two addresses are used:
ID Number: This value (maximum 1023) is
assigned at the factory but may be modified using the T96RSS. The ID Number
is used to uniquely identify the T-96H
for remote commands and offline diagnostics. The ID Number may have values within the range of 1 to 99,999,999
but multiples of 1024 should not be
used.
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
•
•
•
•
Supply voltage
Internal temperature
Forward and reverse power in watts
(T96S models only)
Received signal strength in dBm
Each T-96H can accumulate these statistics
for the last 15 stations heard. The accumulated values may be displayed using the
OFLNDIAG or dynamically monitored by
the Online Diagnostics Monitor program
(ONDMON).
T-96S Technical Manual
1.10.3 Offline Diagnostics
1.10.4 Remote Commands
Offline diagnostics are statistics returned in
response to a specific request to a particular
station. The use of this feature requires that
network operation temporarily be suspended.
The following commands may be sent remotely (using the OFLNDIAG).
•
Begin test transmission (several types
available).
• Get statistics (diagnostics).
• Sample network statistics (monitoring
online diagnostics).
• Get parameters (configuration) from remote unit.
Sending remote commands and receiving responses is done with the host application offline.
The following information may be gathered
and displayed via the OFLNDIAG:
•
•
•
•
•
Supply voltage
Analog supply voltage
Internal temperature
Received signal strength in dBm
Forward and relected power in watts
(T96S models only)
1.11 Network Configuration
The T-96H is designed to replace wire lines in SCADA, telemetry and control applications. The
RS-232 serial port allows direct connection to PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers) or RTUs
(Remote Terminal Units). Several network configurations are described in the sections that follow.
1.11.1 Basic Network
This configuration has the following characteristics:
•
•
Master station may be half duplex or
Remote and local diagnostics, accumuT96H
PLC
Master
PLC
T96H
T96H
PLC
Figure 1 - Basic Network
simplex.
•
lated online diagnostics and control are
available by disconnecting the master
PLC and substituting a PC running the
T96H Offline Diagnostics software
(OFLNDIAG).
Online diagnostics are not available in
real time.
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
T-96S Technical Manual
1.11.2 Network Using T-Base
T96H
PC for online
diagnostics
PLC
Master
PLC
T-Base
T96H
PLC
Figure 2 - Network Using T-Base
This configuration has the following characteristics:
•
Master station may be full duplex (duplexer required), half duplex or simplex.
•
Online diagnostics are available using
the Online Diagnostics Monitor program (ONDMON) without disrupting
network activity.
•
Remote and local diagnostics, statistics
and control are available using the T96H OFLNDIAG.
•
The T-Base provides output of online
diagnostic information which could be
processed by the T-96H ONDMON program or by a user-supplied network
management program. Contact your
sales representative for further information.
1.11.3 Network Using T-Base Repeater
duplexer
T96H
Master
PLC
PLC
T96H
T-Base
repeater
Figure 3 - Using a T-Base Repeater
This configuration has the following characteristics:
•
Master station and all remotes must be
half duplex.
•
Any of the network types described in
sections 1.11.1, 1.11.2 or 1.11.4 may be
used with a T-Base repeater.
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
•
The RTS/CTS delays for each T-96H in
the system must be extended as shown in
section 2.5.1
T-96S Technical Manual
1.11.4 Network Using T-96H for Online Diagnostics
T96H
PC for online
diagnostics
PLC
T96H
T96H
PLC
Master
PLC
T96H
Figure 4 - Network with Monitoring Site
This configuration has the following characteristics:
•
Master station may be half duplex or
simplex.
•
Accumulated online diagnostics for a
maximum of 15 stations are available at
a monitoring site (monitoring site must
be in range of all remotes).
•
Online diagnostics are available in real
time at the monitoring site.
•
Remote offline diagnostics, statistics and
control are available from the monitoring
site by temporarily disabling network
activity.
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
Online diagnostics are accumulated in the
monitoring T-96H for the last 15 stations
heard. This information may be viewed using
the OFLNDIAG. For larger networks, the T96H can output raw diagnostic data only,
which may be interpreted for network management by the Dataradio ONDMON program or by a user-supplied software program. Contact your sales representatives for
more information.
T-96S Technical Manual
signal.
2. Features and Operation
2.1
Overview
This chapter outlines the physical features,
connections and theory of operation of the T96H.
2.1
Intended Audience
This chapter is intended for use by engineering design, installation, and maintenance personnel.
2.2
Front Panel
The front panel includes:
•
One SMA type female antenna connector.
•
Three LED indicators (described below).
•
One DE-15F interface (includes power
connections)
®
10
15
11
T-96H
RXTXPWR
Pin
Name
Pin
Name
Pin
Name
Ground
Ground
11
CS 0
RX Data
CTS
12
CS 1
TX Data
RTS
13
CS 2
2.2.1 LED Indicators
DCD
14
RSSI
The T-96H has three LED indicators as
shown described:
Test
Audio
B+ Power
10
B+ Power
15
DTR
®
INTEROPERABILITY
DATA TELEMETRY
LED
Indicates
Description
Green
Power
DC Power is applied.
Flashing
green
Setup mode Unit is in setup mode.
Red
Transmit
Unit is transmitting a
data signal.
Yellow
Receive
Unit is receiving a data
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
T-96S Technical Manual
2.3
DTE Port Interface
2.3.1 RS-232 Inteface Signal
Levels
In the descriptions of data signals, the following conventions are used:
Table 1 - RS-232 Signal Levels
Term
Alternates
Signal level
ON
asserted, spacing
+3 to +15 V
OFF
dropped, marking
-3 to -15 V
Figure 5 - Data I/O Connector Pinout
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
T-96S Technical Manual
2.3.2 Interface Port
2.3.3 Interface Signal Description
The T-96H signals are defined as DCE.
Connection to user DTE is made via a DE15 female connector. This connection meets
the DATARADIO Interoperability Standard
(DIOS).
B+ power (input). 10 - 16 VDC (13.3V
nominal), maximum 2 A.
RX Data. Received data from T-96H to
DTE.
TX Data. Transmit data from DTE to
T-96H.
CTS. Clear to Send. Asserted when the
T-96H is ready to accept TX Data.
RTS. Request to Send. Causes the
T96H to transmit when asserted by the
DTE.
DCD. Data Carrier Detect. Asserted by
the T-96H when a data signal is being
received.
DTR. Data Terminal Ready. Asserted by
the T96HRSS/OFLNDIAG to select
setup mode. Do not connect to this pin
for user applications.
Test Audio. Output signal used during
adjustment and testing.
RSSI. Output signal used during testing.
Users can build a suitable cable by referring
to the connector pinout and the Interface Signal Description given in the next section. A
cable for connection to a PC AT type DE-9
connector is available from DATARADIO as
p/n 730 03267-001.
Important Note: The T96H RSS kit, used to
configure the T-96H, includes a special setup
cable, p/n 730 03266-001. Do not use this
cable to connect a user application. Doing
so will result in the T-96H switching to
“setup mode”, in which case it will not
transmit or receive user data. The green LED
flashes to indicate that the unit is in this
mode.
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2.4
Channel Selection
1. By setting the channel on the internal
DIP switch. CS0 to CS2 on the interface connector must be left disconnected.
SW1
2. By strapping connections on the interface
connector. There is a 10KΩ pull up resistor on each line (CS0 to CS2). The
DIP switch channel settings must be all
OFF.
igure 6 - DIP switch location
Channel frequencies for 8 channels are selected using the T96HRSS. Once selected,
the current operating channel may be selected
in one of three ways:
3. By selecting the channel from the
T96RSS or the OFLNDIAG programs.
The DIP switch channel settings must
be all OFF and CS0 to CS2 on the interface connector must be disconnected (open).
Table 2 - Channel Selection
Channel
SW1-3 SW1-2
SW1-1
CS 2
CS 1
CS 0
on
on
on
gnd
gnd
gnd
on
on
off
gnd
gnd
open
on
off
on
gnd
open
gnd
on
off
off
gnd
open
open
off
on
on
open
gnd
gnd
off
on
off
open
gnd
open
off
off
on
open
open
gnd
off
off
off
open
open
open
In the table, “gnd” indicates that the pin should be connected to ground (pin 1 or 6)
2.5
Operation
See Table 3 - RTS / CTS Delays for
actual value.
2. Data are transmitted as long as RTS is
asserted and the PTT timer, if enabled,
has not expired. RTS can be dropped
after the last stop bit of the last character
has been given to the T-96H. CTS will
be dropped when the last character has
been transmitted on the network.
The T-96H operates transparently at the
speed set using the Radio Service Software
(T96HRSS) and is designed to operate unattended. Basic operation is as follows.
1. The DTE starts a data transfer by asserting RTS. CTS is returned after the
transmitter has been keyed and a modem
synchronization preamble sent.
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
10
T-96S Technical Manual
3. In the idle mode, i.e. no transmission or
reception, RX Data will be held in the
idle (i.e. “marking”) condition.
4. When a valid radio data signal is received, DCD will be asserted and data
will be delivered.
5. When the radio carrier is dropped, the T96H will clamp RX Data idle (marking)
again and drop DCD. At 19200 b/s a
few extraneous bits may be delivered after the carrier is dropped (sometimes
called “bit dribble”). User software
should take this possibility into account.
2.5.1 RTS/CTS Timing
The T-96H asserts CTS after RTS has been
asserted and a sufficient time has elapsed to
allow modem synchronization. The times are
fixed at the factory and are not user–adjustable.
Repeater mode (Extended time) must be set
(via the T96HRSS) if the unit is to communicate through a repeater.
Times are increased if online diagnostics are
enabled, as shown in the columns diag. on.
Table 3 - RTS / CTS Delays
RTS/CTS delay (normal)
RTS/CTS delay (extended)
Speed
diag. off
diag. on
diag. off
diag. on
1200 b/s
50 ms
144 ms
80 ms
174 ms
2400 b/s
40 ms
87 ms
70 ms
117 ms
4800 b/s
30 ms
54 ms
60 ms
84 ms
9600 b/s
30 ms
41 ms
60 ms
71 ms
19200 b/s
30 ms
36 ms
60 ms
66 ms
2.5.2 XTAL mode
that would otherwise be adversely affected
by the extraneous bits. This quiet period is
selected via the T96RSS.
This mode extends all RTS/CTS delays by 5
ms for compatibility with earlier, crystal
controlled products (T-Modem 96, RNet
9600). Select this mode from the T96RSS.
Table 4 - Extended Turnoff Delays
2.5.3 Extended Turnoff
An end–of–transmission quiet period approximately 8 characters long can be invoked
on the T-96H by holding its tranmitter on
briefly after RTS is dropped. This quiet period, which occurs between the last valid
data character and any possible extraneous
“noise” bits, may be of benefit to some DTE
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
11
Speed
Quiet “turnoff” period
1200 b/s
70 ms
2400 b/s
35 ms
4800 b/s
16 ms
9600 b/s
8 ms
19200 b/s
4 ms
T-96S Technical Manual
3.4
3. Adjustments and
Maintenance
1.1
3.4.1 Preliminary Verification
Before performing any adjustments, verify the
performance of the unit as shown in the Table 5
for full channel units in the Table 6 for half
channel units.
Overview
This chapter outlines the basic adjustment procedures required upon initial installation and thereafter at prescribed maintenance intervals. Units
are delivered from the factory properly aligned
and tested on the frequencies specified at time of
order. Adjustment beyond that described in this
chapter is not required unless radio modules have
been tampered with or repaired. In such cases we
recommend complete factory re-alignment as
special test jigs are required.
3.1
T96H Adjustments
Important Note: Before proceeding make sure
that the service monitor has been calibrated
recently and has warmed up for at least the
time specified by its manufacturer.
Some reported frequency and deviation problems
have actually been erroneous indications from
service monitors that have not adequately
warmed up. This is particularly likely when field
service is done during winter months.
Intended Audience
This chapter is intended for use by installation
and maintenance personnel.
3.4.2 Basic Adjustments
3.2
1.
2.
3.
4.
Basic adjustments to be performed are:
Equipment Required
The adjustments described below require the following equipment:
•
•
•
•
•
•
These adjustments should be performed in the
sequence shown above.
13.3 VDC (nominal), 3A regulated power
supply.
Radio service monitor (IFR or equivalent).
Cable with SMA-male connector to connect
T-96H to the service monitor.
T96H Radio Service Software (T96HRSS)
kit, including setup cable (p/n 085 03250xxx)
A 486 PC (or better) to run the T96HRSS.
Normal radio shop tools.
3.3
3.4.3 Tests & ajustments
Refer to the T96HRSS help file for parameter
information.
1. Connect the T-96H antenna connector to the
TX/RX input of the service monitor using a
suitable length of 50 ohm cable.
2. Connect the T-96H to a suitable power supply and adjust the supply voltage to 13.3
volts.
3. Using the setup cable (p/n 730 03266-001;
part of kit 085 03250-xxx) connect the
T-96H Data connector to the serial port of a
PC and run the T96HRSS program. This cable is required to put the T-96H into setup
mode.
4. Press GET to get the configuration of the
unit.
5. Refer to “Tests and Adjustments” tables related to the radio type (half or full channel).
Maintenance Intervals
The adjustments described below should be done
once upon initial installation of the unit, and
thereafter at annual intervals or whenever a deterioration in performance indicates that adjustment may be required.
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
Transmitter power output
TX/RX frequency
Transmitter deviation
Demodulated audio level
12
T-96S Technical Manual
Table 5: Tests and Adjustments full channel units (25 KHz & 30 Khz models)
STEP
ACTION
EXPECTED
RESULTS at
25°°C
Output Power
5 watts 1
Press PTT Channel x
+10%, -20%
MEASURE
WITH
IF NOT?
Service monitor
set to read
power
Check T96HRSS maximum
power output setting: must
be set to 255 (means 5W)
Refer to factory tech
support.
Frequency Error
±300 Hz
Press PTT Channel x
Deviation
±4.0 kHz 3
Press PTT Channel x
+5%, -10%
Service monitor
set to read frequency error
Open the unit (see 3.4.4)
Service monitor
set to read deviation with mid
(15 - 30 kHz) IF
filter.
Using T96HRSS, adjust TX
deviation with the up/down
arrows.
Adjust the Frequency Adjust control on the TCXO 2
Set the service monitor to generate a -80 dBm signal on the selected receive frequency. The
signal should be modulated with a 1.0 kHz tone.
Demodulated Audio
2.0 ±0.2 Vpp
Oscilloscope
connected to
pin 4 of the data
I/O connector. 4
Using T96HRSS, adjust
receive audio level with the
up/down arrows.
≤ 0.5 µV 5
Service monitor
set for SINAD.
Connect to pin
4 of the data
I/O connector 4.
Refer to factory technical
support.
< 3%
Service monitor
set for Distortion. Connect to
pin 4 of the data
I/O connector 4.
Refer to factory technical
support.
• For 9600 b/s set
generator deviation
to ±2.5 kHz.
• For 1200 - 4800 b/s
set generator deviation to ±4.0 kHz.
12 dB SINAD
Set deviation to ±3 kHz.
Set IF filter to mid (1530 kHz), no audio filter.
Distortion
Set deviation to ±3 kHz.
Set IF filter to mid (1530 kHz), no audio filter.
1 (unless you have set a lower value). Note that readings less than 5 watts may be due to losses in the cables used for testing.
Check also your wattmeter frequency calibration curve. Do not be too ready to condemn the transmitter.
The TCXO adjustment is accessible through the hole next to the DIP switch on the logic board.
The unit is automatically set to 19200 b/s (Bt.3) for this procedure. If the unit is later used at 9600 b/s (Bt.5) or 4800 b/s, the
deviation be will automatically set to ±3.0 kHz and ±4.0kHz respectively.
Pin 4 is accessible by removing the cable connector hood. If you anticipate frequent need for access to this pin, solder a short
insulated lead to that pin on the cable connector and replace the hood. (The same signal is available at TP1 on the logic
board if the unit is open).
If a psophometrically weighted filter is available on the service monitor, use 0.35 µV.
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
13
T-96S Technical Manual
Table 6: Tests and Adjustments half channel units (12.5 kHz & 15 Khz models)
STEP
ACTION
EXPECTED
RESULTS at
25°°C
Output Power
5 watts 1
Press PTT Channel x
+10%, -20%
MEASURE
WITH
IF NOT?
Service monitor
set to read
power
Check T96RSS maximum
power output setting: must
be set to 255 (means 5W)
Refer to factory tech
support.
Frequency Error
±300 Hz
Service monitor
set to read frequency error
Press PTT Channel x
Deviation
±3.0 kHz 3
Press PTT Channel x
+5%, -10%
Service monitor
set to read deviation with mid
(15 - 30 kHz) IF
filter.
Open the uniit (see 3.4.4)
Adjust the Frequency Adjust control on the TCXO 2
Using T96HRSS, adjust TX
deviation with the up/down
arrows.
Set the service monitor to generate a -80 dBm signal on the selected receive frequency. The
signal should be modulated with a 1.0 kHz tone.
Demodulated Audio
2.0 ±0.2 Vpp
Oscilloscope
connected to
pin 4 of the data
I/O connector. 4
Using T96HRSS, adjust
receive audio level with the
up/down arrows.
≤ 0.5 µV 5
Service monitor
set for SINAD.
Connect to pin
4 of the data
I/O connector 4.
Refer to factory technical
support.
< 3%
Service monitor
set for Distortion. Connect to
pin 4 of the data
I/O connector 4.
Refer to factory technical
support.
For 1200 - 4800 b/s set
generator deviation to
±2.0 kHz.
12 dB SINAD
Set deviation to 1.5kHz.
Set IF filter to mid (1530 kHz), no audio filter.
Distortion
Set deviation to 1.5kHz.
Set IF filter to mid (1530 kHz), no audio filter.
1 (unless you have set a lower value). Note that readings less than 5 watts may be due to losses in the cables used for
testing. Check also your wattmeter frequency calibration curve. Do not be too ready to condemn the transmitter.
The TCXO adjustment is accessible through the hole next to the DIP switch on the logic board.
The unit is automatically set to 9600 b/s (Bt.3) for this procedure. This T96H model has not been designed to
operate at 19200 b/s using half channel radios. If the unit is later used at 4800 b/s (Bt.5), the deviation will be
automatically set to ±2.0 kHz.
Pin 4 is accessible by removing the cable connector hood. If you anticipate frequent need for access to this pin,
solder a short insulated lead to that pin on the cable connector and replace the hood. (The same signal is available
at TP1 on the logic board if the unit is open).
If a psophometrically weighted filter is available on the service monitor, use 0.35 µV.
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
14
T-96S Technical Manual
3.4.4 Opening the Unit
4. Loader/Modem Board
Circuit Description
1. Remove the two retaining nuts from the
data I/O connector, and the nut and
washer from the antenna connector.
4.1
The Loader/Modem board, Part No.
03280-xxx, is a plug-in circuit board.
The four main functions of the
Loader/Modem board include, loading
the radio synthesizer, providing the baseband modulating signal for the transmitter and demodulating receive audio signals. The Loader/Modem board is programmed by a personal computer and
software. The Loader/Modem board
connects to the radio through 14-pin
connector P1/J201. User data, programming channels and other operating
parameters are provided through a DE15 connector. A block diagram of the
2. Remove the four screws holding the rear
panel heat sink.
3. Slide the unit out of the case from the
rear.
3.4.5 Location of Adjustments
and Test Points
3.4.5.1
GENERAL
All Models, Logic PCB
Adjustments and test points are shown below.
Access Hole for TCXO
U4
J1
modem is shown at the end of this section.
Y1
SW1
U5
4.2
TRANSMIT DATA
TP4
L1
U1
Transmit Data from the RS-232 port is
level-shifted to TTL by U1, then gated
through U6 and converted from asynchronous to synchronous format by U2.
The CPLD modem, U6 takes the digital
data stream and synthesizes to the constant-amplitude analog baseband signal,
which is filtered by U12, buffered by
U10B then applied to radio module TXA
at P1-6.
U3
U2
U6
TP1
TP2
TP3
Figure 7 - Logic Board Adjustments and Test Points
The modem IC is a CPLD based on a
Philips eXtended Programmable Logic
Array (XPLA, PZ5128) which, with a
programmable Raise–Cosine filter (U12),
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
15
T-96S Technical Manual
operates in DRCMSK1 mode at 4800,
9600 and 19200 bits/sec. It incorporates
a 7-bit hardware scrambler and uses
Differential (NRZI) encoding in
DRCMSK mode to minimize data pattern-sensitivity. Electronic potentiometer
U9B (E-Pot), controlled by CPU U5, is
used to set the transmitter deviation by
amplitude adjustment of the baseband
signal.
verter U2, the filter cut-off frequency,
the serial port handshake lines, and the
LED indicators via Q1-3.
4.3
4.5
Three channel select inputs, ESD protected by D1,2,3, in parallel with the onboard DIP switches, are read by the CPU
to select the active channel. The fourth
DIP switch puts the unit in TEST mode,
which sends a test, tone (data rate/4).
RECEIVE DATA
Received signals are applied to the RXA
pin on P1-13 and amplified by U7A,
whose gain is set by the electronic potentiometer U9A, then filtered by U12.
The same filter circuit is used for transmission and reception: two analog multiplexer/demultiplexer gates (U11 A and
B) controlled by TX_EN line are used
for sharing. The filter U12 cut-off frequency is programmable by the CPU,
based on the data rate. The analog signal
is then fed to Peak Detectors U7C and
U7D, to the slicer circuit U8C via U7B
and U8B. The resulting synchronous bit
stream is converted to asynchronous at
U2 and shifted to RS-232 levels by U1.
The main DC power (13.3V nom.) coming from J1.5,10 is filtered out for tranzient and then sent directly to power-up
the radio module at P1.2. Voltage
Regulator U14 (AVCC) provides 5 V
for the receiver RX_5V and analog modem circuitry, while U13 (DVCC) provides 5V for the CPU and other digital
logic.
4.6 MISCELLANEOUS
FUNCTIONS
U4 generates a power-on reset for the
CPU and U3 is a temperature sensor
used by the firmware to compensate for
variations in RSSI.
4.4 SYNTHESIZER
PROGRAMMING
The RF module’s RSSI output, P1-12, is
read by an analog input on the CPU,
which implements a squelch threshold in
software. Other analog inputs are used
to read ambient temperature (used to
correct RSSI variations) and various internal voltages (B+_LVL, AVCC, etc.).
The CPU programs the RF module synthesizer serially on each Tx/Rx transition. Logic of U1 and U11A/B switch
the receive and transmit data path from
the modem to the radio and/or the external serial port, under CPU control. The
CPU also controls the sync/async con1
The DTR_PGM input, J2-10, puts the
CPU in programming mode in which the
CPU accepts commands and setup data
from the Radio Service Software.
DRCMSK = Differential Raise Cosine Minimum
Shift Keying
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
POWER SUPPLIES
16
T-96S Technical Manual
RESET
RAM
ROM
TXA
Slicer
Level
CPLD
Modem
U7A
U8C
U8B
RXS
Logic
Gates
W.DOG
RADIO
MODULE
RXA
Controlled
by CPU'
TX_EN
Line
U12
E-Pot
U9B
U7C,D,B
PEAK
DETECT
Y1
E-Pot
U9A
U8A
U6
U2
SYNC-ASYNC
CONVERTER
U5
I/O
DIGITAL
U8D
U10B
TXA
MODEM
SIO 2
U1
DE15
DRIVER
RXD
CTS
DCD
DTR
TXD
RTS
SIO 1
RCVR
U10C
U10D
RSSI
RS232
CTC
CONTROL BUS
SYNTHESIZER
DIAGNOSTICS
A/D
CPU
U3
TEMPERATURE
VOLTAGES
LEDS
DIP SWITCHES
U13,
U14,F1
5.0V
13.3V
TX SUPPLY
MONITORING
U4
RX SUPPLY
RESET
POWER SUPPLY
Figure 8 – Logic / Modem board Block Diagram
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
17
T-96S Technical Manual
5. Specifications
GENERAL
Frequency
Channel spacing
VHF
UHF
900 MHz
132 - 174 MHz
403 - 512 MHz
928 - 960 MHz
15 or 30 kHz
12.5 or 25 kHz
12.5 or 25 kHz
Operating temperature
-30°C to +60°C
Supply voltage
10 - 16 VDC (applied through the interface connector)
RX Current at 13.3 VDC
120 mA
125 mA
TX Current at 13.3 VDC
1.6 A
1.8 A
2.3 A
18 MHz (132 - 150)
16 MHz except
32 MHz
RX/TX bandwidth
24 MHz (150 - 174)
135 mA
20 MHz (450 - 470)
Nominal Dimensions
2.25” (H) x 3.25” (W) x 4.75” (L)
RF connector
SMA-F
Interface connector
DE-15F high density D-subminiature
RECEIVER
VHF
UHF
Sensitivity (12 dB SINAD)
900 MHz
< 0.35 µV *
Selectivity (25 or 30 kHz)
75 dB typical
72 dB typical
70 dB minimum
65 dB minimum
Selectivity (12.5 or 15 kHz)
65 dB typical
63 dB typical
60 dB minimum
60 dB minimum
Intermodulation
75 dB typical
72 dB typical
70 dB minimum
70 dB minimum
Spurious rejection
FM hum & noise
75 dB typical
75 dB typical
70 dB minimum
70 dB minimum
-48 dB typical *
-40 dB max (25 kHz)*
-45 dB max (30 kHz) *
-35 dB max (12.5 kHz)*
-40 dB max (15 kHz) *
Conducted spurious
< -57 dBm maximum
* psophometrically weighted filter
TRANSMITTER
VHF
Power output
Spurious and harmonics
900 MHz
1 - 5 watts
1 - 5 watts
1 - 5 watts
-63 dBc (-26 dBm) typ
-75 dBc (-38 dBm) typ
-75 dBc (-38 dBm) typ
-57dBc (-20 dBm) max
-63dBc (-26 dBm) max
Frequency stability
FM hum and noise
UHF
2.5 ppm
-57 dBc (-20 dBm) max
1.5 ppm
-50 dB typ (30 kHz)
-50 dB typical (25 kHz)
-50 dB typ (25 kHz)
-45 dB max (30 kHz)
-45 dB max 25 kHz)
-40 dB max (25 kHz)
-40 dB max (15 kHz)
-40 dB max (12.5 kHz)
-35 dB max (12.5 kHz)
Attack time
< 7 ms
Duty cycle
50% at full power, 30 seconds maximum transmit time
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
18
T-96S Technical Manual
MODEM OPERATION
Interface
EIA RS-232C
Operation
Simplex/half duplex
Data rates
4800 b/s
9600 b/s
Modulation type
DRCMSK
DRCMSK
RTS/CTS delay
(Online diagnostics OFF)
19200 b/s
DRCMSK
30 ms
-6
Bit error rate
better than 1 x 10
Protocol
Transparent to the user
at 1.0 µV at 9600 b/s
DISPLAY and CONTROLS
3 status LEDs
RX, TX, PWR
Internal DIP switch
Channel select, test mode
DIAGNOSTICS
Online
Supply voltage, internal temperature, forward and reverse power, RSSI
Offline
As for online, plus analog supply voltage, transmit test tones
PROGRAMMABLE FEATURES
30 second timeout timer enable, bit rate, word length, parity, compatibility modes, frequency, channel, diagnostics on/off.
FCC / IC
CERTIFICATIONS
FCC
IC (DOC)
VHF
UHF
900 MHz
120 10503-201 PRELIMINARY
19
T-96S Technical Manual
INDEX
addressing
adjustments
equipment required
location of controls
maintenance intervals
11
11
14
11
half channel units
ID number
LED indicators
10
networks
10
operation
performance verification
3, 6
RS-232 signal description
RS-232 signal levels
RTS/CTS timing
10
10
10
specifications
17
12
T-Base
120 10503-201
11
full channel units
extended delay
extended turnoff
diagnostics
offline
online
channel selection
commands
compatibility
configuration
bit dribble
13
20
T-96S Technical Manual

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