D Link WL3610APA1 Unified AC Selectable Dual-band PoE Access Point User Manual 0420

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Unified Access Point Administrator’s Guide
Section 5 - Configuring Access Point Services
Field
Description
Max. Burst Length
The Max. Burst Length is an AP EDCA parameter and only applies to traffic flowing from
the AP to the client station.
This value specifies (in milliseconds) the maximum burst length allowed for packet bursts
on the wireless network. A packet burst is a collection of multiple frames transmitted without
header information. The decreased overhead results in higher throughput and better
performance.
Valid values for maximum burst length are 0.0 through 999.
Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) Settings
Wi-Fi MultiMedia
(WMM)
Wi-Fi MultiMedia (WMM) is enabled by default. With WMM enabled, QoS prioritization and
coordination of wireless medium access is on. With WMM enabled, QoS settings on the
UAP control downstream traffic flowing from the AP to client station (AP EDCA parameters)
and the upstream traffic flowing from the station to the AP (station EDCA parameters).
Disabling WMM deactivates QoS control of station EDCA parameters on upstream traffic
flowing from the station to the AP.
With WMM disabled, you can still set some parameters on the downstream traffic flowing
from the AP to the client station (AP EDCA parameters).
To disable WMM extensions, click Disabled.
To enable WMM extensions, click Enabled.
Station EDCA Parameters
Queue
Queues are defined for different types of data transmitted from station-to-AP:
•) Data 0 (Voice) — Highest priority queue, minimum delay. Time-sensitive data such as
VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this queue.
•) Data 1(Video) — Highest priority queue, minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is
automatically sent to this queue.
•) Data 2 (Best Effort) — Medium priority queue, medium throughput and delay. Most
traditional IP data is sent to this queue.
•) Data 3 (Background) — Lowest priority queue, high throughput. Bulk data that
requires maximum throughput and is not time-sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP
data, for example).
AIFS (Inter-Frame
Space)
The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing (AIFS) specifies a wait time for data frames. The wait
time is measured in slots. Valid values for AIFS are 1 through 255.
cwMin (Minimum
This parameter is used by the algorithm that determines the initial random back off wait
Contention Window) time (window) for retry of a data transmission during a period of contention for Unified
Access Point resources. The value specified here in the Minimum Contention Window is
the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random back off wait time
will be determined. The first random number generated will be a number between 0 and the
number specified here. If the first random back off wait time expires before the data frame
is sent, a retry counter is incremented and the random back off value (window) is doubled.
Doubling will continue until the size of the random back off value reaches the number
defined in the Maximum Contention Window.
cwMax (Maximum
The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is the upper limit (in
Contention Window) milliseconds) for the doubling of the random back off value. This doubling continues until
either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached.
Once the Maximum Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a
maximum number of retries allowed is reached.
TXOP Limit
The TXOP Limit is a station EDCA parameter and only applies to traffic flowing from the
client station to the AP. The Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) is an interval of time, in
milliseconds, when a WME client station has the right to initiate transmissions onto the
wireless medium (WM) towards the Unified Access Point. The TXOP Limit maximum value is
65535.
Other QoS Settings
No
Acknowledgement
Select On to specify that the AP should not acknowledge frames with QosNoAck as the
service class value.
APSD
Select On to enable Automatic Power Save Delivery (APSD), which is a power management
method. APSD is recommended if VoIP phones access the network through the AP.
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Section 5 - Configuring Access Point Services
Note: After you configure the QoS settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and to save
the settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system processes. If
this happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that you change
AP settings when WLAN traffic is low.
Table 40 - QoS Settings
Configuring Email Alert
The Email Alert feature allows the AP to automatically send email messages when an event at or above the configured
severity level occurs. Use the Email Alert Configuration page to configure mail server settings, to set the severity level
that triggers alerts, and to add up to three email addresses where urgent and non-urgent email alerts are sent.
Note: Email alert is operationally disabled when the AP transitions to managed mode.
Figure 38 - Email Alerts Configuration
Field
Description
Email Alert Global Configuration
Admin Mode
Globally enable or disable the Email Alert feature on the AP. By default, email alerts are
disabled.
From Address
Specify the email address that appears in the From field of alert messages sent from the AP,
for example dlinkAP23@foo.com. The address can be a maximum of 255 characters and
can contain only printable characters. By default, no address is configured.
Log Duration
This duration, in minutes, determines how frequently the non-critical messages are sent to
the SMTP Server. The range is 30-1440 minutes. The default is 30 minutes.
Urgent Message
Severity
Configures the severity level for log messages that are considered to be urgent. Messages
in this category are sent immediately. The security level you select and all higher levels are
urgent:
•) Emergency indicates system is unusable. It is the highest level of severity.
•) Alert indicates action must be taken immediately.
•) Critical indicates critical conditions.
•) Error indicates error conditions.
•) Warning indicates warning conditions.
•) Notice indicates normal but significant conditions.
•) Info indicates informational messages.
•) Debug indicates debug-level messages.
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Field
Section 5 - Configuring Access Point Services
Description
Non Urgent Severity Configures the severity level for log messages that are considered to be non-urgent.
Messages in this category are collected and sent in a digest form at the time interval
specified by the Log Duration field. The security level you select and all levels up to, but not
including the lowest Urgent level are considered non-urgent. Messages below the security
level you specify are not sent via email.
See the Urgent Message field description for information about the security levels.
Email Alert Mail Server Configuration
Mail Server Address Specify the IP address or hostname of the SMTP server on the network.
Mail Server Security Specify whether to use SMTP over SSL (TLSv1) or no security (Open) for authentication
with the mail server. The default is Open.
Mail Server Port
Configures the TCP port number for SMTP. The range is a valid port number from 0 to
65535. The default is 25, which is the standard port for SMTP.
Username
Specify the username to use when authentication with the mail server is required. The
username is a 64-byte character string with all printable characters. The default is admin.
Password
Specify the password associated with the username configured in the previous field.
Email Alert Message Configuration
To Address 1
Configure the first email address to which alert messages are sent. The address must be a
valid email address. By default, no address is configured.
To Address 2
Optionally, configure the second email address to which alert messages are sent. The
address must be a valid email address. By default, no address is configured.
To Address 3
Optionally, configure the third email address to which alert messages are sent. The address
must be a valid email address. By default, no address is configured.
Email Subject
Specify the text to be displayed in the subject of the email alert message. The subject can
contain up to 255 alphanumeric characters. The default is Log message from AP.
Table 41 - Email Alert Configuration
Note: After you configure the Email Alert settings, click Apply to apply the changes and to save
the settings.
To validate the configured email server credentials, click Test Mail. You can send a test email once the email server
details are configured.
The following text shows an example of an email alert sent from the AP to the network administrator:
From: AP-192.168.2.10@mailserver.com
Sent: Wednesday, July 08, 2011 11:16 AM
To: administrator@mailserver.com
Subject: log message from AP
TIME
Jul 8 03:48:25
Jul 8 03:48:26
Priority
info
info
Process Id
login[1457]
mini_http-ssl[1175]
Message
root login on ‘ttyp0’
Max concurrent connections of 20 reached
Enabling the Time Settings (NTP)
Use the Time Settings page to specify the Network Time Protocol (NTP) server to use to provide time and date
information to the AP or to configure the time and date information manually.
NTP is an Internet standard protocol that synchronizes computer clock times on your network. NTP servers transmit
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC, also known as Greenwich Mean Time) to their client systems. NTP sends periodic
time requests to servers, using the returned time stamp to adjust its clock. The timestamp is used to indicate the date
and time of each event in log messages.
See http://www.ntp.org for more information about NTP.
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Section 5 - Configuring Access Point Services
To set the system time either manually or by specifying the address of the NTP server for the AP to use, click the
Services > Time Settings (NTP) tab and update the fields as described in the table below.
Figure 39 - Time Settings (NTP)
Field
Description
Set System Time
NTP provides a way for the AP to obtain and maintain its time from a server on the network.
Using an NTP server gives your AP the ability to provide the correct time of day in log
messages and session information.
Choose to use a network time protocol (NTP) server to determine the system time, or set the
system time manually:
•) To permit the AP to poll an NTP server, click Using Network Time Protocol (NTP).
•) To prevent the AP from polling an NTP server, click Manually.
NTP Server (Use
NTP)
If NTP is enabled, specify the NTP server to use.
You can specify the NTP server by hostname or IP address, although using the IP address
is not recommended as these can change more readily.
If you specify a hostname, note the following requirements:
•) The length must be between 1 – 63 characters.
•) Upper and lower case characters, numbers, and hyphens are accepted.
•) The first character must be a letter (a–z or A–Z), and the last character cannot be a
hyphen.
System Date
(Manual
configuration)
Specify the current month, day, and year.
System Time
(Manual
configuration)
Specify the current time in hours and minutes. The system uses a 24-hour clock, so 6:00 PM
is configured as 18:00.
Time Zone
Select your local time zone from the menu. The default is USA (Pacific).
Adjust Time for
Daylight Savings
Select to have the system adjust the reported time for Daylight Savings Time (DST). When
this field is selected, fields to configure Daylight Savings Time settings appear.
DST Start (24 HR)
Configure the date and time to begin Daylight Savings Time for the System Time.
DST End (24 HR)
Configure the date and time to end Daylight Savings Time for the System Time.
DST Offset
(minutes)
Select the number of minutes to offset DST. The default is 60 minutes.
Table 42 - NTP Settings
Note: After you configure the Time settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes and
to save the settings. Changing some settings might cause the AP to stop and restart system
processes. If this happens, wireless clients will temporarily lose connectivity. We recommend that
you change AP settings when WLAN traffic is low.
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Section 6 - Configuring SNMPv3
Section 6 - Configuring SNMPv3
This section describes how to configure the SNMPv3 settings on the UAP and contains the following subsections:
•) “Configuring SNMPv3 Views” on page 75
•) “Configuring SNMPv3 Groups” on page 76
•) “Configuring SNMPv3 Users” on page 77
•) “Configuring SNMPv3 Targets” on page 78
Configuring SNMPv3 Views
A MIB view is a combination of a set of view subtrees or a family of view subtrees where each view subtree is a
subtree within the managed object naming tree. You can create MIB views to control the OID range that SNMPv3
users can access.
A MIB view called “all” is created by default in the system. This view contains all management objects supported by
the system.
Note: If you create an excluded view subtree, create a corresponding included entry with the
same view name to allow subtrees outside of the excluded subtree to be included. For example, to
create a view that excludes the subtree 1.3.6.1.4, create an excluded entry with the OID 1.3.6.1.4.
Then, create an included entry with OID .1 with the same view name.
Figure 40 - SNMPv3 Views Configuration
The following table describes the fields you can configure on the SNMPv3 Views page.
Field
Description
View Name
Enter a name to identify the MIB view.
View names can contain up to 32 alphanumeric characters.
Type
Specifies whether to include or exclude the view subtree or family of subtrees from the MIB
view.
OID
Enter an OID string for the subtree to include or exclude from the view.
For example, the system subtree is specified by the OID string .1.3.6.1.2.1.1.
Mask
The OID mask is 47 characters in length. The format of the OID mask is xx.xx.xx (.)... or
xx:xx:xx.... (:) and is 16 octets in length. Each octet is 2 hexadecimal characters separated
by either . (period) or : (colon). Only hex characters are accepted in this field. For example,
OID mask FA.80 is 11111010.10000000.
A family mask is used to define a family of view subtrees. The family mask indicates which
sub-identifiers of the associated family OID string are significant to the family’s definition.
A family of view subtrees allows control access to one row in a table, in a more efficient
manner.
SNMPv3 Views
This field shows the MIB views on the UAP. To remove a view, select it and click Remove.
Table 43 - SNMPv3 Views
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Note: After you configure the SNMPv3 Views settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes
and to save the settings.
Configuring SNMPv3 Groups
SNMPv3 groups allow you to combine users into groups of different authorization and access privileges.
By default, the UAP has two groups:
•) RO — A read-only group using authentication and data encryption. Users in this group use an MD5 key/
password for authentication and a DES key/password for encryption. Both the MD5 and DES key/passwords
must be defined. By default, users of this group will have read only access to the default all MIB view, which can
be modified by the user.
•) RW — A read/write group using authentication and data encryption. Users in this group use an MD5 key/
password for authentication and a DES key/password for encryption. Both the MD5 and DES key/passwords
must be defined. By default, users of this group will have read and write access to the default all MIB view,
which can be modified by the user.
RW and RO groups are defined by default.
Note: The UAP supports maximum of eight groups.
To define additional groups, navigate to the SNMPv3 Groups page and configure the settings that the table below
describes.
Figure 41 - SNMPv3 Groups Configuration
Field
Description
Name
Specify a name to use to identify the group. The default group names are RW and RO.
Group names can contain up to 32 alphanumeric characters.
Security Level
Select one of the following security levels for the group:
•) noAuthentication-noPrivacy — No authentication and no data encryption (no
security).
•) Authentication-noPrivacy — Authentication, but no data encryption. With this security
level, users send SNMP messages that use an MD5 key/password for authentication,
but not a DES key/password for encryption.
•) Authentication-Privacy — Authentication and data encryption. With this security level,
users send an MD5 key/password for authentication and a DES key/password for
encryption.
For groups that require authentication, encryption, or both, you must define the MD5 and
DES key/passwords on the SNMPv3 Users page.
Write Views
Select the write access to management objects (MIBs) for the group:
•) write-all — The group can create, alter, and delete MIBs.
•) write-none — The group is not allowed to create, alter, or delete MIBS.
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Field
Description
Read Views
Select the read access to management objects (MIBs) for the group:
•) view-all — The group is allowed to view and read all MIBs.
•) view-none — The group cannot view or read MIBs.
SNMPv3 Groups
This field shows the default groups and the groups that you have defined on the AP. To
remove a group, select the group and click Remove.
Table 44 - SNMPv3 Groups
Note: After you configure the SNMPv3 Groups settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes
and to save the settings.
Configuring SNMPv3 Users
From the SNMPv3 Users page, you can define multiple users, associate the desired security level to each user, and
configure security keys.
For authentication, only MD5 type is supported, and for encryption only DES type is supported. There are no default
SNMPv3 users on the UAP.
Figure 42 - SNMPv3 User Configuration
The following table describes the fields to configure SNMPv3 users.
Field
Description
Name
Enter the user name to identify the SNMPv3 user.
User names can contain up to 32 alphanumeric characters.
Group
Map the user to a group. The default groups are RWAuth, RWPriv, and RO. You can define
additional groups on the SNMPv3 Groups page.
Authentication Type Select the type of authentication to use on SNMP requests from the user:
•) MD5 — Require MD5 authentication on SNMPv3 requests from the user.
•) None — SNMPv3 requests from this user require no authentication.
Authentication Key
If you specify MD5 as the authentication type, enter a password to enable the SNMP agent
to authenticate requests sent by the user.
The passphrase must be between 8 and 32 characters in length.
Encryption Type
Select the type of privacy to use on SNMP requests from the user:
•) DES — Use DES encryption on SNMPv3 requests from the user.
•) None — SNMPv3 requests from this user require no privacy.
Encryption Key
If you specify DES as the privacy type, enter a key to use to encrypt the SNMP requests.
The passphrase must be between 8 and 32 characters in length.
SNMPv3 Users
This field shows the users that you have defined on the AP. To remove a user, select the
user and click Remove.
Table 45 - SNMPv3 Users
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Note: After you configure the SNMPv3 Users settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes
and to save the settings.
Configuring SNMPv3 Targets
SNMPv3 Targets send “inform” messages to the SNMP manager. Each target is identified by a target name and
associated with target IP address, UDP port, and SNMP user name.
Figure 43 - SNMPv3 Targets Configuration
Field
Description
IPv4/IPv6 Address
Enter the IP address of the remote SNMP manager to receive the target.
Port
Enter the UDP port to use for sending SNMP targets.
Users
Select the name of the SNMP user to associate with the target. To configure SNMP users,
see “Configuring SNMPv3 Users” on page 77.
SNMPv3 Targets
This field shows the SNMPv3 Targets on the UAP. To remove a target, select it and click
Remove.
Table 46 - SNMPv3 Targets
Note: After you configure the SNMPv3 Target settings, you must click Apply to apply the changes
and to save the settings.
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Section 7 - Maintaining the Access Point
Section 7 - Maintaining the Access Point
This section describes how to maintain the UAP.
From the UAP Administrator UI, you can perform the following maintenance tasks:
•) “Saving the Current Configuration to a Backup File” on page 79
•) “Restoring the Configuration from a Previously Saved File” on page 80
•) “Rebooting the Access Point” on page 81
•) “Performing AP Maintenance” on page 81
•) “Resetting the Factory Default Configuration” on page 81
•) “Upgrading the Firmware” on page 81
•) “Packet Capture Configuration and Settings” on page 83
Saving the Current Configuration to a Backup File
The AP configuration file is in XML format and contains all of the information about the AP settings. You can download
the configuration file to a management station to manually edit the content or to save as a back-up copy.
You can use HTTP or TFTP to transfer files to and from the UAP. After you download a configuration file to the
management station, you can manually edit the file, which is in XML format. Then, you can upload the edited
configuration file to apply those configuration settings to the AP.
Use the following steps to save a copy of the current settings on an AP to a backup configuration file by using TFTP:
1.) Select TFTP for Download Method.
Figure 44 - Manage this Access Point’s Configuration - Save (TFTP)
2.) Enter a name (1 to 63 characters) for the backup file in the Configuration File field, including the .xml file name
extension and the path to the directory where you want to save the file.
3.) Enter the Server IP address of the TFTP server.
4.) Click Download to save a copy of the file to the TFTP server.
Use the following steps to save a copy of the current settings on an AP to a backup configuration file by using HTTP:
1.) Select HTTP for Download Method.
Figure 45 - Manage this Access Point’s Configuration - Save (HTTP)
2.) Click the Download button.
A dialog box displays verifying the download.
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Figure 46 - Confirmation Prompt
3.) To proceed with the download, select OK.
A dialog box opens allowing you to view or save the file.
4.) Select the Save File option and select OK.
5.) Use the file browser to navigate to the directory where you want to save the file, and click OK to save the file.
You can keep the default file name (config.xml) or rename the backup file, but be sure to save the file with an
.xml extension.
Restoring the Configuration from a Previously Saved File
You can use HTTP or TFTP to transfer files to and from the UAP. After you download a configuration file to the
management station, you can manually edit the file, which is in XML format. Then, you can upload the edited
configuration file to apply those configuration settings to the AP.
Use the following procedures to restore the configuration on an AP to previously saved settings by using TFTP:
1.) Select TFTP for Upload Method.
Figure 47 - Manage this Access Point’s Configuration - Restore (TFTP)
2.) Enter a name (1 to 63 characters) for the backup file in the Filename field, including the .xml file name extension
and the path to the directory that contains the configuration file to upload.
3.) Enter the IP address of the TFTP server in the Server IP field.
4.) Click the Restore button.
The AP reboots. A reboot confirmation dialog and follow-on rebooting status message displays. Please wait for
the reboot process to complete, which might take several minutes.
The Administration Web UI is not accessible until the AP has rebooted.
Use the following steps to save a copy of the current settings on an AP to a backup configuration file by using HTTP:
1.) Select HTTP for Upload Method.
Figure 48 - Manage this Access Point’s Configuration - Restore (HTTP)
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2.) Use the Browse button to select the file to restore.
3.) Click the Restore button.
A File Upload or Choose File dialog box displays.
4.) Navigate to the directory that contains the file, then select the file to upload and click Open.
(Only those files created with the Backup function and saved as .xml backup configuration files are valid to use
with Restore; for example, ap_config.xml.)
5.) Click the Restore button.
A dialog box opens verifying the restore.
6.) Click OK to proceed.
The AP reboots. A reboot confirmation dialog and follow-on rebooting status message displays. Please wait for
the reboot process to complete, which might take several minutes.
The Administration Web UI is not accessible until the AP has rebooted.
Performing AP Maintenance
From the Maintenance page, you can reset the AP to its factory default settings or reboot the AP.
Figure 49 - Performing AP Maintenance
Resetting the Factory Default Configuration
If you are experiencing problems with the UAP and have tried all other troubleshooting measures, click Reset. This
restores factory defaults and clears all settings, including settings such as a new password or wireless settings. You
can also use the reset button on the back panel to reset the system to the default configuration.
Rebooting the Access Point
For maintenance purposes or as a troubleshooting measure, you can reboot the UAP. To reboot the AP, click the
Reboot button on the Configuration page.
Upgrading the Firmware
As new versions of the UAP firmware become available, you can upgrade the firmware on your devices to take
advantage of new features and enhancements. The AP uses a TFTP client for firmware upgrades. You can also use
HTTP to perform firmware upgrades.
After you upload new firmware and the system reboots, the newly added firmware becomes the primary image. If the
upgrade fails, the original firmware remains as the primary image.
Note: When you upgrade the firmware, the access point retains the existing configuration
information.
Use the following steps to upgrade the firmware on an access point by using TFTP:
1.) Select TFTP for Upload Method.
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Figure 50 - Manage Firmware (TFTP)
2.) Enter a name (1 to 63 characters) for the image file in the Image Filename field, including the path to the
directory that contains the image to upload.
For example, to upload the ap_upgrade.tar image located in the /share/builds/ap directory, enter /
share/builds/ap/ap_upgrade.tar in the Image Filename field.
The firmware upgrade file supplied must be a tar file. Do not attempt to use bin files or files of other formats for
the upgrade; these types of files will not work.
3.) Enter the Server IP address of the TFTP server.
4.) Click Upgrade.
Upon clicking Upgrade for the firmware upgrade, a popup confirmation window is displayed that describes the
upgrade process.
5.) Click OK to confirm the upgrade and start the process.
Note: The firmware upgrade process begins once you click Upgrade and then OK in the pop-up
confirmation window.
The upgrade process may take several minutes during which time the access point will be unavailable. Do not
power down the access point while the upgrade is in process. When the upgrade is complete, the access point
restarts. The AP resumes normal operation with the same configuration settings it had before the upgrade.
6.) To verify that the firmware upgrade completed successfully, check the firmware version shown on the Upgrade
page (or the Basic Settings page). If the upgrade was successful, the updated version name or number is
indicated.
Use the following steps to upgrade the firmware on an access point by using HTTP:
1.) Select HTTP for Upload Method.
Figure 51 - Manage Firmware (HTTP)
2.) If you know the path to the new firmware image file, enter it in the Image Filename field. Otherwise, click the
Browse button and locate the firmware image file.
The firmware upgrade file supplied must be a tar file. Do not attempt to use bin files or files of other formats for
the upgrade; these types of files will not work.
3.) Click Upgrade to apply the new firmware image.
Upon clicking Upgrade for the firmware upgrade, a popup confirmation window is displayed that describes the
upgrade process.
4.) Click OK to confirm the upgrade and start the process.
Note: The firmware upgrade process begins once you click Upgrade and then OK in the popup
confirmation window.
The upgrade process may take several minutes during which time the access point will be unavailable. Do not
power down the access point while the upgrade is in process. When the upgrade is complete, the access point
restarts. The AP resumes normal operation with the same configuration settings it had before the upgrade.
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5.) To verify that the firmware upgrade completed successfully, check the firmware version shown on the Upgrade
page (or the Basic Settings page). If the upgrade was successful, the updated version name or number is
indicated.
Packet Capture Configuration and Settings
Wireless packet capture operates in two modes:
•) Capture file mode.
•) Remote capture mode.
For capture file mode, captured packets are stored in a file on the Access Point. The AP can transfer the file to a TFTP
server. The file is formatted in pcap format and can be examined using tools such as Wireshark and OmniPeek.
For remote capture mode, the captured packets are redirected in real time to an external PC running the Wireshark®
tool.
The AP can capture the following types of packets:
•) 802.11 packets received and transmitted on radio interfaces. Packets captured on radio interfaces include the
802.11 header.
•) 802.3 packets received and transmitted on the Ethernet interface.
•) 802.3 packets received and transmitted on the internal logical interfaces such as VAPs and WDS interfaces.
From the Packet Capture Configuration and Settings page, you can:
•) View the current packet capture status.
•) Configure packet capture parameters.
•) Configure packet file capture.
•) Configure a remote capture port.
•) Download a packet capture file.
Figure 52 - Packet Capture Configuration & Settings
Packet Capture Status
Packet Capture Status allows you to view the status of packet capture on the AP.
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Figure 53 - Packet Capture Status
The following table describes information the packet capture status fields display.
Field
Description
Current Capture
Status
Shows whether packet capture is running or stopped.
Packet Capture
Time
Shows elapsed capture time.
Packet Capture File
Size
Shows the current capture file size.
Table 47 - Packet Capture Status
Packet Capture Parameter Configuration
Packet Capture Configuration allows you to configure parameters that affect how packet capture functions on the radio
interfaces.
Figure 54 - Packet Capture Configuration
The following table describes the fields to configure the packet capture.
Field
Description
Capture Beacons
Enable to capture the 802.11 beacons detected or transmitted by the radio.
Promiscuous
Capture
Enable to place the radio in promiscuous mode when the capture is active.
In promiscuous mode the radio receives all traffic on the channel, including traffic that is not
destined to this AP. While the radio is operating in promiscuous mode, it continues serving
associated clients. Packets not destined to the AP are not forwarded.
As soon as the capture is completed, the radio reverts to non-promiscuous mode operation.
Client Filter Enable
Enable to use the WLAN client filter to capture only frames that are transmitted to, or
received from a WLAN client with a specified MAC address.
Client Filter MAC
Address
Specify a MAC address for WLAN client filtering.
Note: The MAC filter is active only when capture is performed on an 802.11 interface.
Table 48 - Packet Capture Configuration
Note: Changes to packet capture configuration parameters take affect after packet capture is
restarted. Modifying the parameters while the packet capture is running doesn’t affect the current
packet capture session. In order to begin using new parameter values, an existing packet capture
session must be stopped and re-started.
Packet File Capture
In Packet File Capture mode the AP stores captured packets in the RAM file system.
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Upon activation, the packet capture proceeds until one of the following occurs:
•) The capture time reaches configured duration.
•) The capture file reaches its maximum size.
•) The administrator stops the capture.
During the capture, you can monitor the capture status, elapsed capture time, and the current capture file size. This
information can be updated, while the capture is in progress, by clicking Refresh.
Figure 55 - Packet File Capture
The following table describes the fields to configure the packet capture status.
Field
Description
Capture Interface
Select an AP Capture Interface name from the drop-down menu. AP capture interface
names are eligible for packet capture are:
•) brtrunk - Linux bridge interface in the AP
•) eth0 - 802.3 traffic on the Ethernet port.
•) wlan0 - VAP0 traffic on radio 1.
•) wlan1 - VAP0 traffic on radio 2.
•) radio1 - 802.11 traffic on radio 1.
•) radio2 - 802.11 traffic on radio 2.
Capture Duration
Specify the time duration in seconds for the capture (range 10 to 3600).
Max Capture File
Size
Specify the maximum allowed size for the capture file in KB (range 64 to 4096).
Table 49 - Packet File Capture
Remote Packet Capture
Remote Packet Capture allows you to specify a remote port as the destination for packet captures. This feature works
in conjunction with the Wireshark network analyzer tool for Windows. A packet capture server runs on the AP and
sends the captured packets via a TCP connection to the Wireshark tool.
A Windows PC running the Wireshark tool allows you to display, log, and analyze captured traffic.
When the remote capture mode is in use, the AP doesn’t store any captured data locally in its file system.
Your can trace up to five interfaces on the AP at the same time. However, you must start a separate Wireshark session
for each interface. You can configure the IP port number used for connecting Wireshark to the AP. The default port
number is 2002. The system uses 5 consecutive port numbers starting with the configured port for the packet capture
sessions.
If a firewall is installed between the Wireshark PC and the AP, these ports must be allowed to pass through the
firewall. The firewall must also be configured to allow the Wireshark PC to initiate TCP connection to the AP.
To configure Wireshark to use the AP as the source for captured packets, you must specify the remote interface in the
“Capture Options” menu. For example to capture packets on an AP with IP address 192.168.1.10 on radio 1 using the
default IP port, specify the following interface:
rpcap://192.168.1.10/radio1
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To capture packets on the Ethernet interface of the AP and VAP0 on radio 1 using IP port 58000, start two Wireshark
sessions and specify the following interfaces:
rpcap://192.168.1.10:58000/eth0
rpcap://192.168.1.10:58000/wlan0
When you are capturing traffic on the radio interface, you can disable beacon capture, but other 802.11 control frames
are still sent to Wireshark. You can set up a display filter to show only:
•) Data frames in the trace.
•) Traffic on specific BSSIDs.
•) Traffic between two clients.
Some examples of useful display filters are:
•) Exclude beacons and ACK/RTS/CTS frames:
!(wlan.fc.type_subtype == 8 || wlan.fc.type == 1)
•) Data frames only:
wlan.fc.type == 2
•) Traffic on a specific BSSID:
wlan.bssid == 00:02:bc:00:17:d0
•) All traffic to and from a specific client:
wlan.addr == 00:00:e8:4e:5f:8e
In remote capture mode, traffic is sent to the PC running Wireshark via one of the network interfaces. Depending on
where the Wireshark tool is located the traffic can be sent on an Ethernet interface or one of the radios. In order to
avoid a traffic flood caused by tracing the trace packets, the AP automatically installs a capture filter to filter out all
packets destined to the Wireshark application. For example if the Wireshark IP port is configured to be 58000 then the
following capture filter is automatically installed on the AP:
not portrange 58000-58004.
Enabling the packet capture feature impacts performance of the AP and can create a security issue (unauthorized
clients may be able to connect to the AP and trace user data). The AP performance is negatively impacted even if
there is no active Wireshark session with the AP. The performance is negatively impacted to a greater extent when
packet capture is in progress.
Due to performance and security issues, the packet capture mode is not saved in NVRAM on the AP; if the AP resets,
the capture mode is disabled and the you must re-enable it in order to resume capturing traffic. Packet capture
parameters (other than mode) are saved in NVRAM.
In order to minimize performance impact on the AP while traffic capture is in progress, you should install capture filters
to limit which traffic is sent to the Wireshark tool. When capturing 802.11 traffic, large portion of the captured frames
tend to be beacons (typically sent every 100ms by all Access Points). Although Wireshark supports a display filter for
beacon frames, it does not support a capture filter to prevent the AP from forwarding captured beacon packets to the
Wireshark tool. In order to reduce performance impact of capturing the 802.11 beacons, you can disable the capture
beacons mode.
The remote packet capture facility is a standard feature of the Wireshark tool for Windows.
Note: Remote packet capture is not standard on the Linux version of Wireshark; the Linux version
doesn’t work with the AP.
Wireshark is an open source tool and is available for free; it can be downloaded from http://www.wireshark.org.
Figure 56 - Remote Packet Capture
The following table describes the fields to configure the packet capture status.
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Field
Description
Remote Capture
Port
Specify the remote port to use as the destination for packet captures. (range 1 to 65530).
Table 50 - Remote Packet Capture
Packet Capture File Download
Packet Capture File Download allows you to download the capture file by TFTP to a configured TFTP server or by
HTTP(S) to a PC. The captured packets are stored in file /tmp/apcapture.pcap on the AP. A capture is automatically
stopped when the capture file download command is triggered.
Because the capture file is located in the RAM file system, it disappears if the AP is reset.
Figure 57 - Packet Capture File Download
The following table describes the fields to configure the packet capture status.
Field
Description
Use TFTP to
download the
capture file
Select or clear this option to determine whether to use TFTP or HTTP(S) to download the
capture file:
•) To download the file by using TFTP, select this option and complete the additional
fields.
•) To download the file by using HTTP or HTTPS, clear this option and click Download to
browse to the location where the file is to be saved.
TFTP Server
Filename
When using TFTP to download the file, specify a name for the packet capture file, including
the .pcap file name extension and the path to the directory where you want to save the file.
Server IP
When using TFTP to download the file, specify the IP address of the TFTP server.
Table 51 - Packet Capture File Download
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Section 8 - Configuring Client Quality of Service (QoS)
This section describes how to configure QoS settings that affect traffic from the wireless clients to the AP. By using the
UAP Client QoS features, you can limit bandwidth and apply ACLs and DiffServ policies to the wireless interface. If a
VAP uses WPA Enterprise security to authenticate clients, you can configure the RADIUS server to provide per-client
QoS information.
This section describes the following features:
•) “Configuring VAP QoS Parameters” on page 88
•) “Managing Client QoS ACLs” on page 89
•) “Creating a DiffServ Class Map” on page 95
•) “Creating a DiffServ Policy Map” on page 100
•) “Configuring RADIUS-Assigned Client QoS Parameters” on page 102
Configuring VAP QoS Parameters
The client QoS features on the UAP provide additional control over certain QoS aspects of wireless clients that
connect to the network, such as the amount of bandwidth an individual client is allowed to send and receive. To control
general categories of traffic, such as HTTP traffic or traffic from a specific subnet, you can configure ACLs and assign
them to one or more VAPs.
In addition to controlling general traffic categories, Client QoS allows you to configure per-client conditioning of various
micro-flows through Differentiated Services (DiffServ). DiffServ policies are a useful tool for establishing general microflow definition and treatment characteristics that can be applied to each wireless client, both inbound and outbound,
when it is authenticated on the network.
From the VAP QoS Parameters page, you can enable the Client QoS feature, specify client bandwidth limits, and
select the ACLs and DiffServ policies to use as default values for clients associated with the VAP when the client does
not have their own attributes defined by a RADIUS server.
To configure the Client QoS administrative mode and to configure the QoS settings for a VAP, click the VAP QoS
Parameters tab.
Figure 58 - Configure Client QoS VAP Settings
Field
Description
Client QoS Global
Admin Mode
Enable or disable Client QoS operation on the AP.
Changing this setting will not affect the WMM settings you configure on the QoS page.
Radio
For dual-radio APs, select Radio 1 or Radio 2 to specify which radio to configure.
VAP
Specify the VAP that will have the Client QoS settings that you configure.
The QoS settings you configure for the selected VAP will not affect clients that access the
network through other VAPs.
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Field
Description
Client QoS Mode
Enable or disable QoS operation on the VAP selected in the VAP menu.
QoS must be enabled globally (from the Client QoS Global Admin Mode field) and on the
VAP (QoS Mode field) for the Client QoS settings to be applied to wireless clients.
Bandwidth Limit
Down
Enter the maximum allowed transmission rate from the AP to the wireless client in bits per
second. The valid range is 0 – 429496000 bits/sec.
The value you enter must be a multiple of 8000 bits/sec, in other words, the value must be
n × 8000 bits/sec, where n = 0, 1, 2, 3... If you attempt to set the limit to a value that is not
a multiple of 8000 bits/sec, the configuration will be rejected. A value of 0 means that the
bandwidth maximum limit is not enforced in this direction.
Bandwidth Limit Up
Enter the maximum allowed client transmission rate to the AP in bits per second. The valid
range is 0 – 4294967295 bps.
The value you enter must be n × 8000 bits/sec, where n = 0, 1, 2, 3... If you attempt to set
the limit to a value that is not a multiple of 8000 bits/sec, the configuration will be rejected. A
value of 0 means that the bandwidth maximum limit is not enforced in this direction.
ACL Type Down
Select the type of ACL to apply to traffic in the outbound (down) direction, which can be one
of the following:
•) IPv4: The ACL examines IPv4 packets for matches to ACL rules
•) IPv6: The ACL examines IPv6 packets for matches to ACL rules
•) MAC: The ACL examines layer 2 frames for matches to ACL rules
ACL Name Down
Select the name of the ACL applied to traffic in the outbound (down) direction.
After switching the packet or frame to the outbound interface, the ACL’s rules are checked
for a match. The packet or frame is transmitted if it is permitted, and discarded if it is denied.
ACL Type Up
Select the type of ACL to apply to traffic in the inbound (up) direction, which can be one of
the following:
•) IPv4: The ACL examines IPv4 packets for matches to ACL rules
•) IPv6: The ACL examines IPv6 packets for matches to ACL rules
•) MAC: The ACL examines layer 2 frames for matches to ACL rules
ACL Name Up
Select the name of the ACL applied to traffic entering the AP in the inbound (up) direction.
When a packet or frame is received by the AP, the ACL’s rules are checked for a match. The
packet or frame is processed if it is permitted, and discarded if it is denied.
DiffServ Policy
Down
Select the name of the DiffServ policy applied to traffic from the AP in the outbound (down)
direction.
DiffServ Policy Up
Select the name of the DiffServ policy applied to traffic sent to the AP in the inbound (up)
direction.
Table 52 - VAP QoS Parameters
Managing Client QoS ACLs
ACLs are a collection of permit and deny conditions, called rules, that provide security by blocking unauthorized
users and allowing authorized users to access specific resources. ACLs can block any unwarranted attempts to reach
network resources.
The UAP supports up to 50 IPv4, IPv6, and MAC ACLs.
IPv4 and IPv6 ACLs
IP ACLs classify traffic for Layers 3 and 4.
Each ACL is a set of up to 10 rules applied to traffic sent from a wireless client or to be received by a wireless client.
Each rule specifies whether the contents of a given field should be used to permit or deny access to the network.
Rules can be based on various criteria and may apply to one ore more fields within a packet, such as the source or
destination IP address, the source or destination L4 port, or the protocol carried in the packet.
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MAC ACLs
MAC ACLs are Layer 2 ACLs. You can configure the rules to inspect fields of a frame such as the source or
destination MAC address, the VLAN ID, or the Class of Service 802.1p priority. When a frame enters or exits the AP
port (depending on whether the ACL is applied in the up or down direction), the AP inspects the frame and checks the
ACL rules against the content of the frame. If any of the rules match the content, a permit or deny action is taken on
the frame.
ACL Configuration Process
Configure ACLs and rules on the Client QoS ACL page (steps 1–5), and then apply the rules to a specified VAP on
the AP QoS Parameters page (step 6).
Use the following general steps to configure ACLs:
1.) Specify a name for the ACL.
2.) Select the type of ACL to add.
3.) Add the ACL.
4.) Add new rules to the ACL.
5.) Configure the match criteria for the rules.
6.) Apply the ACL to one or more VAPs.
For an example of how to configure an ACL, see “ACL Configuration Process” on page 90.
To configure an ACL, click the Client QoS ACL tab.
The fields to configure ACL rules appear only after you have created an ACL. The following image shows the
configuration of a new rule for the IPv4 ACL named acl1. The rule prevents HTTP traffic from all clients in the
192.168.20.0 network from being forwarded.
Figure 59 - Configure Client QoS ACL Settings
The following table describes the fields available on the Client QoS ACL page.
Field
Description
ACL Configuration
ACL Name
May 2016
Enter a name to identify the ACL. The name can contain from 1 – 31 alphanumeric
characters. Spaces are not allowed.
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Field
Description
ACL Type
Select the type of ACL to configure:
•) IPv4
•) IPv6
•) MAC
IPv4 and IPv6 ACLs control access to network resources based on Layer 3 and Layer 4
criteria. MAC ACLs control access based on Layer 2 criteria.
ACL Rule Configuration
ACL Name - ACL
Type
Select the ACL to configure with the new rule. The list contains all ACLs added in the ACL
Configuration section.
Rule
To configure a new rule to add to the selected ACL, select New Rule. To add an existing rule
to an ACL or to modify a rule, select the rule number.
When an ACL has multiple rules, the rules are applied to the packet or frame in the order in
which you add them to the ACL. There is an implicit deny all rule as the final rule.
Action
Specifies whether the ACL rule permits or denies an action.
•) When you select Permit, the rule allows all traffic that meets the rule criteria to enter or
exit the AP (depending on the ACL direction you select). Traffic that does not meet the
criteria is dropped.
•) When you select Deny, the rule blocks all traffic that meets the rule criteria from
entering or exiting the AP (depending on the ACL direction you select). Traffic that
does not meet the criteria is forwarded unless this rule is the final rule. Because there
is an implicit deny all rule at the end of every ACL, traffic that is not explicitly permitted
is dropped.
Match Every
Indicates that the rule, which either has a permit or deny action, will match the frame or
packet regardless of its contents.
If you select this field, you cannot configure any additional match criteria. The Match Every
option is selected by default for a new rule. You must clear the option to configure other
match fields.
IPv4 ACL
Protocol
Select the Protocol field to use an L3 or L4 protocol match condition based on the value of
the IP Protocol field in IPv4 packets or the Next Header field of IPv6 packets.
Once you select the field, choose the protocol to match by keyword or enter a protocol ID.
Select From List
Select one of the following protocols from the list:
•) IP
•) ICMP
•) IGMP
•) TCP
•) UDP
Match to Value
To match a protocol that is not listed by name, enter the protocol ID.
The protocol ID is a standard value assigned by the IANA. The range is a number from
0–255.
Source IP Address
Select this field to require a packet’s source IP address to match the address listed here.
Enter an IP address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Wild Card Mask
Specifies the source IP address wildcard mask.
The wild card masks determines which bits are used and which bits are ignored. A wild card
mask of 255.255.255.255 indicates that no bit is important. A wildcard of 0.0.0.0 indicates
that all of the bits are important. This field is required when Source IP Address is checked.
A wild card mask is, in essence, the inverse of a subnet mask. For example, To match the
criteria to a single host address, use a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.0. To match the criteria to a
24-bit subnet (for example 192.168.10.0/24), use a wild card mask of 0.0.0.255.
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Field
Description
Source Port
Select this field to include a source port in the match condition for the rule. The source port
is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the field, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Select From List
Select the keyword associated with the source port to match:
•) ftp
•) ftpdata
•) http
•) smtp
•) snmp
•) telnet
•) tftp
•) www
Each of these keywords translates into its equivalent port number.
Match to Port
Enter the IANA port number to match to the source port identified in the datagram header.
The port range is 0 – 65535 and includes three different types of ports:
•) 0 – 1023: Well Known Ports
•) 1024 – 49151: Registered Ports
•) 49152 – 65535: Dynamic and/or Private Ports
Destination IP
Address
Select this field to require a packet’s destination IP address to match the address listed
here. Enter an IP address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Wild Card Mask
Specifies the destination IP address wildcard mask.
The wild card masks determines which bits are used and which bits are ignored. A wild card
mask of 255.255.255.255 indicates that no bit is important. A wildcard of 0.0.0.0 indicates
that all of the bits are important. This field is required when Source IP Address is checked.
A wild card mask is in essence the inverse of a subnet mask. For example, To match the
criteria to a single host address, use a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.0. To match the criteria to a
24-bit subnet (for example 192.168.10.0/24), use a wild card mask of 0.0.0.255.
Destination Port
Select this field to include a destination port in the match condition for the rule. The
destination port is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the field, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Select From List
Select the keyword associated with the destination port to match:
•) ftp
•) ftpdata
•) http
•) smtp
•) snmp
•) telnet
•) tftp
•) www
Each of these keywords translates into its equivalent port number.
Match to Port
Enter the IANA port number to match to the destination port identified in the datagram
header. The port range is 0 – 65535 and includes three different types of ports:
•) 0 – 1023: Well Known Ports
•) 1024 – 49151: Registered Ports
•) 49152 – 65535: Dynamic and/or Private Ports
IP DSCP
To use IP DSCP as a match criteria, select the check box and select a DSCP value
keyword or enter a DSCP value to match. You can select only one service type (DSCP, IP
Precedence or TOS bits) to use for match criteria.
Select from List
Select from a list of DSCP types.
Match to Value
Enter a DSCP Value to match (0 – 63).
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Field
Description
IP Precedence
Select this option and enter a value to use the packet’s IP Precedence value in the IP
header as match criteria. You can select only one service type (DSCP, IP Precedence or
TOS bits) to use for match criteria.
The IP Precedence range is 0 – 7.
IP TOS Bits
Select this option and enter a value to use the packet’s Type of Service bits in the IP header
as match criteria. You can select only one service type (DSCP, IP Precedence or TOS bits)
to use for match criteria.
The IP TOS field in a packet is defined as all eight bits of the Service Type octet in the IP
header. The TOS Bits value is a two-digit hexadecimal number from 00 to ff.
The high-order three bits represent the IP precedence value. The high-order six bits
represent the IP Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) value.
IP TOS Mask
Enter an IP TOS mask value to identify the bit positions in the TOS Bits value that are used
for comparison against the IP TOS field in a packet.
The TOS Mask value is a two-digit hexadecimal number from 00 to ff, representing an
inverted (i.e. wildcard) mask. The zero-valued bits in the TOS Mask denote the bit positions
in the TOS Bits value that are used for comparison against the IP TOS field of a packet. For
example, to check for an IP TOS value having bits 7 and 5 set and bit 1 clear, where bit 7
is most significant, use a TOS Bits value of a0 and a TOS Mask of 00. This is an optional
configuration.
IPv6 ACL
Protocol
Select the Protocol field to use an L3 or L4 protocol match condition based on the value of
the IP Protocol field in IPv4 packets or the Next Header field of IPv6 packets.
Once you select the field, choose the protocol to match by keyword or enter a protocol ID.
Select From List
Select one of the following protocols from the list:
•) IP
•) ICMP
•) IPv6
•) ICMPv6
•) IGMP
•) TCP
•) UDP
Match to Value
To match a protocol that is not listed by name, enter the protocol ID.
The protocol ID is a standard value assigned by the IANA. The range is a number from
0–255.
Source IPv6
Address
Select this field to require a packet’s source IPv6 address to match the address listed here.
Enter an IPv6 address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Source IPv6 Prefix
Length
Enter the prefix length of the source IPv6 address.
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Field
Description
Source Port
Select this option to include a source port in the match condition for the rule. The source port
is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the field, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Select From List
Select the keyword associated with the source port to match:
•) ftp
•) ftpdata
•) http
•) smtp
•) snmp
•) telnet
•) tftp
•) www
Each of these keywords translates into its equivalent port number.
Match to Port
Enter the IANA port number to match to the source port identified in the datagram header.
The port range is 0 – 65535 and includes three different types of ports:
•) 0 – 1023: Well Known Ports
•) 1024 – 49151: Registered Ports
•) 49152 – 65535: Dynamic and/or Private Ports
Destination IPv6
Address
Select this field to require a packet’s destination IPv6 address to match the address listed
here. Enter an IPv6 address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Destination IPv6
Prefix Length
Enter the prefix length of the destination IPv6 address.
Destination Port
Select this option to include a destination port in the match condition for the rule. The
destination port is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the field, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Select From List
Select the keyword associated with the destination port to match:
•) ftp
•) ftpdata
•) http
•) smtp
•) snmp
•) telnet
•) tftp
•) www
Each of these keywords translates into its equivalent port number.
Match to Port
Enter the IANA port number to match to the destination port identified in the datagram
header. The port range is 0 – 65535 and includes three different types of ports:
•) 0 – 1023: Well Known Ports
•) 1024 – 49151: Registered Ports
•) 49152 – 65535: Dynamic and/or Private Ports
IPv6 Flow Label
Flow label is 20-bit number that is unique to an IPv6 packet. It is used by end stations to
signify quality-of-service handling in routers (range 0 to 1048575).
IPv6 DSCP
To use IPv6 DSCP as a match criteria, select the check box and select a DSCP value
keyword or enter a DSCP value to match. You can select only one service type (DSCP, IP
Precedence or TOS bits) to use for match criteria.
Select from List
Select from a list of DSCP types.
Match to Value
Enter a DSCP Value to match (0 – 63).
MAC ACL
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Field
Description
EtherType
Select the EtherType field to compare the match criteria against the value in the header of
an Ethernet frame.
Select an EtherType keyword or enter an EtherType value to specify the match criteria.
Select from List Select
Select one of the following protocol types:
•) appletalk
•) arp
•) ipv4
•) ipv6
•) ipx
•) netbios
•) pppoe
Match to Value
Enter a custom protocol identifier to which packets are matched. The value is a four-digit
hexadecimal number in the range of 0600 – FFFF.
Class of Service
Select this field and enter an 802.1p user priority to compare against an Ethernet frame.
The valid range is 0 – 7. This field is located in the first/only 802.1Q VLAN tag.
Source MAC
Address
Select this field and enter the source MAC address to compare against an Ethernet frame.
Source MAC Mask
Select this field and enter the source MAC address mask specifying which bits in the source
MAC to compare against an Ethernet frame.
A 0 indicates that the address bit is significant, and an f indicates that the address bit is to be
ignored. A MAC mask of 00:00:00:00:00:00 matches a single MAC address.
Destination MAC
Address
Select this field and enter the destination MAC address to compare against an Ethernet
frame.
Destination MAC
Mask
Enter the destination MAC address mask specifying which bits in the destination MAC to
compare against an Ethernet frame.
A 0 indicates that the address bit is significant, and an f indicates that the address bit is to be
ignored. A MAC mask of 00:00:00:00:00:00 matches a single MAC address.
VLAN ID
Select this field and enter the VLAN IDs to compare against an Ethernet frame.
This field is located in the first/only 802.1Q VLAN tag.
Table 53 - ACL Configuration
After you set the desired rule criteria, click Apply. To delete an ACL, select the Delete ACL option and click Apply.
Creating a DiffServ Class Map
The Client QoS feature contains Differentiated Services (DiffServ) support that allows traffic to be classified into
streams and given certain QoS treatment in accordance with defined per-hop behaviours.
Standard IP-based networks are designed to provide best effort data delivery service. Best effort service implies that
the network delivers the data in a timely fashion, although there is no guarantee that it will. During times of congestion,
packets may be delayed, sent sporadically, or dropped. For typical Internet applications, such as e-mail and file
transfer, a slight degradation in service is acceptable and in many cases unnoticeable. However, on applications with
strict timing requirements, such as voice or multimedia, any degradation of service has undesirable effects.
By classifying the traffic and creating policies that define how to handle these traffic classes, you can make sure that
time-sensitive traffic is given precedence over other traffic.
The UAP supports up to 50 Class Maps.
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Defining DiffServ
To use DiffServ for Client QoS, use the Class Map and Policy Map pages to define the following categories and their
criteria:
•) Class: create classes and define class criteria
•) Policy: create policies, associate classes with policies, and define policy statements
Once you define the class and associate it with a policy, apply the policy to a specified VAP on the VAP QoS
Parameters page.
Packets are classified and processed based on defined criteria. The classification criteria is defined by a class. The
processing is defined by a policy’s attributes. Policy attributes may be defined on a per-class instance basis, and it is
these attributes that are applied when a match occurs. A policy can contain multiple classes. When the policy is active,
the actions taken depend on which class matches the packet.
Packet processing begins by testing the class match criteria for a packet. A policy is applied to a packet when a class
match within that policy is found. DiffServ is supported for IPv4 and IPv6 packets.
Use the Class Map page to add a new Diffserv class name, or to rename or delete an existing class, and define the
criteria to associate with the DiffServ class.
To configure a DiffServ Class Map, click the Class Map tab.
Note: The Class Map page displays the Match Criteria Configuration fields only if a Class Map
has been created. To create a Class Map, enter a name in the Class Map Name field and click
Add Class Map.
Figure 60 - Configure Client QoS DiffServ Class Map Settings
Field
Description
Class Map Configuration
Class Map Name
Enter a Class Map Name to add. The name can range from 1 to 31 alphanumeric
characters.
Match Layer 3
Protocol
Specify whether to classify IPv4 or IPv6 packets.
Match Criteria Configuration
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Field
Description
Class Map Name
Select name of the class to configure.
Use the fields in the Match Criteria Configuration area to match packets to a class. Select
the check box for each field to be used as a criterion for a class and enter data in the related
field. You can have multiple match criteria in a class.
Note: The match criteria fields that are available depend on whether the class map is an
IPv4 or IPv6 class map.
Match Every
Select Match Every to specify that the match condition is true to all the parameters in an L3
packet.
All L3 packets will match an Match Every match condition.
Protocol
Select the Protocol field to use an L3 or L4 protocol match condition based on the value of
the IP Protocol field in IPv4 packets or the Next Header field of IPv6 packets.
Once you select the field, choose the protocol to match by keyword or enter a protocol ID.
Select From List
Select one of the following protocols from the list:
•) IP
•) ICMP
•) IPv6
•) ICMPv6
•) IGMP
•) TCP
•) UDP
Match to Value
To match a protocol that is not listed by name, enter the protocol ID.
The protocol ID is a standard value assigned by the IANA. The range is a number from 0 –
255.
IPv4 Class Maps
Source IP Address
Select this field to require a packet’s source IP address to match the address listed here.
Enter an IP address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Source IP Mask
Enter the source IP address mask.
The mask for DiffServ is a network-style bit mask in IP dotted decimal format indicating
which part(s) of the destination IP Address to use for matching against packet content.
A DiffServ mask of 255.255.255.255 indicates that all bits are important, and a mask of
0.0.0.0 indicates that no bits are important. The opposite is true with an ACL wild card
mask. For example, to match the criteria to a single host address, use a DiffServ mask of
255.255.255.255. To match the criteria to a 24-bit subnet (for example 192.168.10.0/24), use
a mask of 255.255.255.0.
Destination IP
Address
Select this field to require a packet’s destination IP address to match the address listed
here. Enter an IP address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Destination IP Mask
Enter the destination IP address mask.
The mask for DiffServ is a network-style bit mask in IP dotted decimal format indicating
which part(s) of the destination IP Address to use for matching against packet content.
A DiffServ mask of 255.255.255.255 indicates that all bits are important, and a mask of
0.0.0.0 indicates that no bits are important. The opposite is true with an ACL wild card
mask. For example, to match the criteria to a single host address, use a DiffServ mask of
255.255.255.255. To match the criteria to a 24-bit subnet (for example 192.168.10.0/24), use
a mask of 255.255.255.0.
IPv6 Class Maps
Source IPv6
Address
Select this field to require a packet’s source IPv6 address to match the address listed here.
Enter an IPv6 address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Source IPv6 Prefix
Length
Enter the prefix length of the source IPv6 address.
Destination IPv6
Address
Select this field to require a packet’s destination IPv6 address to match the address listed
here. Enter an IPv6 address in the appropriate field to apply this criteria.
Destination IPv6
Prefix Length
Enter the prefix length of the destination IPv6 address.
IPv6 Flow Label
Flow label is 20-bit number that is unique to an IPv6 packet. It is used by end stations to
signify quality-of-service handling in routers (range 0 to 1048575).
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Field
Description
IP DSCP
To use IP DSCP as a match criteria, select the check box and select a DSCP value keyword
or enter a DSCP.
Select from List
Select from a list of DSCP types.
Match to Value
Enter a DSCP Value to match (0 – 63).
IPv4 and IPv6 Class Maps
Source Port
Select this field to include a source port in the match condition for the rule. The source port
is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the field, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Select From List
Select the keyword associated with the source port to match:
•) ftp
•) ftpdata
•) http
•) smtp
•) snmp
•) telnet
•) tftp
•) www
Each of these keywords translates into its equivalent port number.
Match to Port
Enter the IANA port number to match to the source port identified in the datagram header.
The port range is 0 – 65535 and includes three different types of ports:
•) 0 – 1023: Well Known Ports
•) 1024 – 49151: Registered Ports
•) 49152 – 65535: Dynamic and/or Private Ports
Destination Port
Select this field to include a destination port in the match condition for the rule. The
destination port is identified in the datagram header.
Once you select the field, choose the port name or enter the port number.
Select From List
Select the keyword associated with the destination port to match:
•) ftp
•) ftpdata
•) http
•) smtp
•) snmp
•) telnet
•) tftp
•) www
Each of these keywords translates into its equivalent port number.
Match to Port
Enter the IANA port number to match to the destination port identified in the datagram
header. The port range is 0 – 65535 and includes three different types of ports:
•) 0 – 1023: Well Known Ports
•) 1024 – 49151: Registered Ports
•) 49152 – 65535: Dynamic and/or Private Ports
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Field
Description
EtherType
Select the EtherType field to compare the match criteria against the value in the header of
an Ethernet frame.
Select an EtherType keyword or enter an EtherType value to specify the match criteria.
Select from List Select
Select one of the following protocol types:
•) appletalk
•) arp
•) ipv4
•) ipv6
•) ipx
•) netbios
•) pppoe
Match to Value
Enter a custom protocol identifier to which packets are matched. The value is a four-digit
hexidecimal number in the range of 0600 – FFFF.
Class of Service
Select the field and enter a class of service 802.1p user priority value to be matched for the
packets. The valid range is 0 – 7.
Source MAC
Address
Select this field and enter the source MAC address to compare against an Ethernet frame.
Source MAC Mask
Enter the source MAC address mask specifying which bits in the destination MAC to
compare against an Ethernet frame.
An f indicates that the address bit is significant, and a 0 indicates that the address bit is to be
ignored. A MAC mask of ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff matches a single MAC address.
Destination MAC
Address
Select this field and enter the destination MAC address to compare against an Ethernet
frame.
Destination MAC
Mask
Enter the destination MAC address mask specifying which bits in the destination MAC to
compare against an Ethernet frame.
An f indicates that the address bit is significant, and a 0 indicates that the address bit is to be
ignored. A MAC mask of ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff matches a single MAC address.
VLAN ID
Select the field and enter a VLAN ID to be matched for packets. The VLAN ID range is 0 –
4095.
IPv4 Class Maps
Service Type
You can specify one type of service to use in matching packets to class criteria.
IP DSCP
To use IP DSCP as a match criteria, select the check box and select a DSCP value keyword
or enter a DSCP.
Select from List
Select from a list of DSCP types.
Match to Value
Enter a DSCP Value to match (0 – 63).
IP Precedence
Select this field to match the packet’s IP Precedence value to the class criteria IP
Precedence value.
The IP Precedence range is 0 – 7.
IP TOS Bits
Select this field and enter a value to use the packet’s Type of Service bits in the IP header
as match criteria.
The TOS bit value ranges between (00 – FF). The high-order three bits represent the IP
precedence value. The high-order six bits represent the IP Differentiated Services Code
Point (DSCP) value.
IP TOS Mask
Enter an IP TOS mask value to perform a boolean AND with the TOS field in the header of
the packet and compared against the TOS entered for this rule.
The TOS Mask can be used to compare specific bits (Precedence/Type of Service) from the
TOS field in the IP header of a packet against the TOS value entered for this rule. (00 – FF).
Delete Class Map
Check to delete the class map selected in the Class Map Name menu. The class map
cannot be deleted if it is already attached to a policy.
Table 54 - DiffServ Class Map
To delete a Class Map, select the Delete Class Map option and click Apply.
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Creating a DiffServ Policy Map
Use the Policy Map page to create DiffServ policies and to associate a collection of classes with one or more policy
statements.
The UAP supports up to 50 Policy Maps.
Packets are classified and processed based on defined criteria. The classification criteria is defined by a class on the
Class Map page. The processing is defined by a policy’s attributes on the Policy Map page. Policy attributes may be
defined on a per-class instance basis, and it is these attributes that are applied when a match occurs. A Policy Map
can contain up to 10 Class Maps. When the policy is active, the actions taken depend on which class matches the
packet.
Packet processing begins by testing the class match criteria for a packet. A policy is applied to a packet when a class
match within that policy is found.
To create a DiffServ policy, click the Policy Map tab.
Figure 61 - Configure Client QoS DiffServ Policy Map Settings
Field
Description
Policy Map Name
Enter then name of the policy map to add. The name can contain up to 31 alphanumeric
characters.
Policy Map Name
(Policy Class
Definition)
Select the policy to associate with a member class.
Class Map Name
(Policy Class
Definition)
Select the member class to associate with this policy name.
Police Simple
Select this option to establish the traffic policing style for the class. The simple form of the
policing style uses a single data rate and burst size, resulting in two outcomes: conform and
non-conform.
Committed Rate
Enter the committed rate, in Kbps, to which traffic must conform.
Committed Burst
Enter the committed burst size, in bytes, to which traffic must conform.
Send
Select Send to specify that all packets for the associated traffic stream are to be forwarded if
the class map criteria is met.
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Field
Description
Drop
Select Drop to specify that all packets for the associated traffic stream are to be dropped if
the class map criteria is met.
Mark Class of
Service
Select this field to mark all packets for the associated traffic stream with the specified class
of service value in the priority field of the 802.1p header. If the packet does not already
contain this header, one is inserted. The CoS value is an integer from 0 – 7.
Mark IP DSCP
Select this field to mark all packets for the associated traffic stream with the IP DSCP value
you select from the list or specify.
Select from List
Select from a list of DSCP types.
Match to Value
Enter a DSCP Value to match (0 – 63).
Mark IP Precedence
Select this field to mark all packets for the associated traffic stream with the specified IP
Precedence value. The IP Precedence value is an integer from 0 – 7.
Disassociate Class
Map
Select this option and click Apply to remove the class selected in the Class Map Name
menu from the policy selected in the Policy Map Name menu.
Member Classes
Lists all DiffServ classes currently defined as members of the selected policy. If no class is
associated with the policy, the field is empty.
Delete Policy Map
Select this field to delete the policy map showing in the Policy Map Name menu.
Table 55 - DiffServ Policy Map
To delete a Policy Map, select the Delete Policy Map option and click Apply.
Client QoS Status
The Client QoS Status page shows the client QoS settings that are applied to each client currently associated with
the AP.
To view QoS settings for an associated client, click the Client QoS Status tab.
Figure 62 - QoS Configuration Status For Associated Clients
Field
Description
Station
The Station menu contains the MAC address of each client currently associated with the AP.
To view the QoS settings applied to a client, select its MAC address from the list.
Global QoS Mode
Shows the current Client QoS Global Admin Mode on the AP.
Client QoS Mode
Shows whether the QOS mode for the selected client is enabled or disabled.
Note: For the Qos Mode to be enabled on a client, it must be globally enabled on the AP
and enabled on the VAP the client is associated with. Use the VAP QoS Parameters page
to enable the QoS Global Admin mode and the per-VAP QoS Mode.
Bandwidth Limit Up
Shows the maximum allowed transmission rate from the client to the AP in bits per second
(bps). The valid range is 0 – 4294967295 bps.
Bandwidth Limit
Down
Shows the maximum allowed transmission rate from the AP to the client in bits per second
(bps). The valid range is 0 – 4294967295 bps.
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Field
Description
ACL Type Up
Shows the type of ACL that is applied to traffic in the inbound (client-to-AP) direction, which
can be one of the following:
•) IPv4: The ACL examines IPv4 packets for matches to ACL rules.
•) IPv6: The ACL examines IPv6 packets for matches to ACL rules.
•) MAC: The ACL examines layer 2 frames for matches to ACL rules.
ACL Name Up
Shows the name of the ACL applied to traffic entering the AP in the inbound direction.
When a packet or frame is received by the AP, the ACL’s rules are checked for a match. The
packet or frame is processed if it is permitted and discarded if it is denied.
ACL Type Down
Shows the type of ACL to apply to traffic in the outbound (AP-to-client) direction, which can
be one of the following:
•) IPv4: The ACL examines IPv4 packets for matches to ACL rules.
•) IPv6: The ACL examines IPv6 packets for matches to ACL rules
•) MAC: The ACL examines layer 2 frames for matches to ACL rules
ACL Name Down
Shows the name of the ACL applied to traffic in the outbound direction.
After switching the packet or frame to the outbound interface, the ACL’s rules are checked
for a match. The packet or frame is transmitted if it is permitted and discarded if it is denied.
DiffServ Policy Up
Shows the name of the DiffServ policy applied to traffic sent to the AP in the inbound (clientto-AP) direction.
DiffServ Policy
Down
Shows the name of the DiffServ policy applied to traffic from the AP in the outbound (AP-toclient) direction.
Table 56 - Client QoS Status
Configuring RADIUS-Assigned Client QoS Parameters
If a VAP is configured to use WPA Enterprise security, you can include client QoS information in the client database
on the RADIUS server. When a client successfully authenticates, the RADIUS server can include bandwidth limits and
identify the ACLs and DiffServ policies to apply to the specific wireless client. ACLs and DiffServ policies referenced
in the RADIUS client database must match the names of the ACLs and DiffServ policies configured on the AP to be
successfully applied to the wireless clients.
The following table describes the QoS attributes that can be included in the client’s RADIUS server entry. If a wireless
client successfully authenticates using WPA Enterprise, each QoS RADIUS attribute that exists for the client is sent
to the AP for processing. The attributes are optional and do not need to be present in the client entry. If the attribute is
not present, the Client QoS setting on the AP is used.
RADIUS
Attribute
ID
Description
Type/Range
Vendor-Specific (26),
WISPr-BandwidthMax-Down
14122,8
Maximum allowed client reception rate from the AP in bits per
second. If nonzero, the specified value is rounded down to the
nearest 64 Kbps value when used in the AP (64 Kbps minimum).
If zero, bandwidth limiting is not enforced for the client in this
direction.
Type: integer
32-bit unsigned integer value (04294967295)
Vendor-Specific (26),
WISPr-BandwidthMax-Up
14122,7
Maximum allowed client transmission rate to the AP in bits per
second. If nonzero, the specified value is rounded down to the
nearest 64 Kbps value when used in the AP (64 Kbps minimum).
If zero, bandwidth limiting is not enforced for the client in this
direction.
Type: integer
32-bit unsigned integer value (04294967295)
Vendor-Specific (26),
LVL7-Wireless-ClientACL-Dn
6132,120
Access list identifier to be applied to 802.1X authenticated
wireless client traffic in the outbound (down) direction.
If this attribute refers to an ACL that does not exist on the AP, all
packets for this client will be dropped until the ACL is defined.
Type: string
5-36 characters (not null-terminated)
The string is of the form “type:name”
where: type = ACL type identifier:
IPV4, IPV6, MAC
: = required separator character
name = 1-31 alphanumeric characters,
specifying the ACL number (IPV4) or
name (IPV6, MAC)
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RADIUS
Attribute
ID
Description
Type/Range
Vendor-Specific (26),
LVL7-Wireless-ClientACL-Up
6132,121
Access list identifier to be applied to 802.1X authenticated
wireless client traffic in the inbound (up) direction.
If this attribute refers to an ACL that does not exist on the AP, all
packets for this client will be dropped until the ACL is defined.
Type: string
5-36 characters (not null-terminated)
The string is of the form “type:name”
where: type = ACL type identifier:
IPV4, IPV6, MAC
: = required separator character
name = 1-31 alphanumeric characters,
specifying the ACL number (IPV4) or
name (IPV6, MAC)
Vendor-Specific (26),
LVL7-Wireless-ClientPolicy-Dn
6132,122
Name of DiffServ policy to be applied to 802.1X authenticated
wireless client traffic in the outbound (down) direction.
If this attribute refers to a policy name that does not exist on the
AP, all packets for this client will be dropped until the DiffServ
policy is defined.
Type: string
1-31 characters (not null-terminated)
Vendor-Specific (26),
LVL7-Wireless-ClientPolicy-Up
6132,123
Name of DiffServ policy to be applied to 802.1X authenticated
wireless client traffic in the inbound (up) direction.
If this attribute refers to a policy name that does not exist on the
AP, all packets for this client will be dropped until the DiffServ
policy is defined.
Type: string
1-31 characters (not null-terminated)
Table 57 - Client QoS RADIUS Attributes
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Section 9 - Clustering Multiple APs
The UAP supports AP clusters. A cluster provides a single point of administration and lets you view, deploy, configure,
and secure the wireless network as a single entity rather than a series of separate wireless devices.
Managing Cluster Access Points in the Cluster
The AP cluster is a dynamic, configuration-aware group of APs in the same subnet of a network. Each cluster
can have up to 8 members. Only one cluster per wireless network is supported; however, a network subnet can
have multiple clusters. Clusters can share various configuration information, such as VAP settings and QoS queue
parameters.
A cluster can be formed between two APs if the following conditions are met:
•) The APs are identical models.
•) The APs are connected on the same bridged segment.
•) The APs joining the cluster have the same Cluster Name.
•) Clustering mode is enabled on both APs.
Note: For two APs to be in the same cluster, they do not need to have the same number of radios;
however, the supported capabilities of the radios should be same.
Note: DWL-6700AP doesn’t support clustering.
Clustering APs
Only identical models may be clustered together. For example, the DWL-2600AP can only form a cluster with other
DWL-2600APs.
Viewing and Configuring Cluster Members
The Access Points page allows you to start or stop clustering on an AP, view the cluster members, and configure the
location and cluster name for a cluster member. From the Access Points page, you can also click the IP address of
each cluster member to navigate to configuration settings and data on an access point in the cluster.
To view information about cluster members and to configure the location and cluster of an individual member, click the
Access Points tab.
The following figure shows the Cluster > Access Points page when clustering is not enabled.
Figure 63 - Manage Access Points In The Cluster (Passive)
The following figure shows the Cluster > Access Points page when clustering is enabled and two access points are
in the cluster.
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Figure 64 - Manage Access Points In The Cluster (Active)
If clustering is currently disabled on the AP, the Start Clustering button is visible. If clustering is enabled, the Stop
Clustering button is visible. You can edit the clustering option information when clustering is disabled.
The following table describes the configuration and status information available on the cluster Access Points page.
Field
Description
Status
If the status field is visible, then the AP is enabled for clustering. If clustering is not enabled,
then the AP is operating in stand-alone mode and none of the information in this table is
visible.
To disable clustering on the AP, click Stop Clustering.
Location
Description of where the access point is physically located.
MAC Address
Media Access Control (MAC) address of the access point.
The address shown here is the MAC address for the bridge (br0). This is the address by
which the AP is known externally to other networks.
IP Address
Specifies the IP address for the access point.
Each IP address is a link to the Administration Web pages for that access point. You can
use the links to navigate to the Administration Web pages for a specific access point. This is
useful for viewing data on a specific access point to make sure a cluster member is picking
up cluster configuration changes, to configure advanced settings on a particular access
point, or to switch a standalone access point to cluster mode.
Table 58 - Access Points in the Cluster
The following table describes the cluster information to configure for an individual member. The clustering options are
read-only when clustering is enabled. To configure the clustering options, you must stop clustering.
Field
Description
Location
Enter a description of where the access point is physically located.
Cluster Name
Enter the name of the cluster for the AP to join.
The cluster name is not sent to other APs in the cluster. You must configure the same cluster
name on each AP that is a member of the cluster. The cluster name must be unique for each
cluster you configure on the network.
Clustering IP
Version
Specify the IP version that the APs in the cluster use to communicate with each other.
Table 59 - Cluster Options
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Removing an Access Point from the Cluster
To remove an access point from the cluster, do the following.
1.) Go to the Administration Web pages for the clustered access point.
The Administration Web pages for the standalone access point are displayed.
2.) Click the Cluster > Access Points link in the Administration pages.
3.) Click Stop Clustering.
4.) The change will be reflected under Status for that access point; the access point will now show as stand-alone
(instead of cluster).
Adding an Access Point to a Cluster
To add an access point that is currently in standalone mode back into a cluster, do the following.
1.) Go to the Administration Web pages for the standalone access point.
2.) Click the Cluster > Access Points link in the Administration pages for the stand-alone access point.
The Access Points page for a standalone access point indicates that the current mode is standalone.
3.) Type the name or location of the AP in the Location field to identify the AP within the cluster.
4.) Type the name of the cluster for the AP to join in the Cluster Name field.
5.) Click Start Clustering.
6.) The access point is now a cluster member. Its Status (Mode) on the Cluster > Access Points page now
indicates Cluster instead of Not Clustered.
Navigating to Configuration Information for a Specific AP
In general, the UAP is designed for central management of clustered access points. For access points in a cluster,
all access points in the cluster reflect the same configuration. In this case, it does not matter which access point you
actually connect to for administration.
There may be situations, however, when you want to view or manage information on a particular access point. For
example, you might want to check status information such as client associations or events for an access point. In this
case, you can navigate to the Administration Web interface for individual access points by clicking the IP address links
on the Access Points page.
All clustered access points are shown on the Cluster > Access Points page. To navigate to clustered access points,
you can simply click on the IP address for a specific cluster member shown in the list.
Navigating to an AP by Using its IP Address in a URL
You can also link to the Administration Web pages of a specific access point, by entering the IP address for that
access point as a URL directly into a Web browser address bar in the following form:
http://IPAddressOfAccessPoint
where IPAddressOfAccessPoint is the address of the particular access point you want to monitor or configure.
Managing Cluster Sessions
The Sessions page shows information about client stations associated with access points in the cluster. Each client is
identified by its MAC address, along with the AP (location) to which it is currently connected.
To view a particular statistic for client sessions, select an item from the Display drop-down list and click Go. You can
view information about idle time, data rate, signal strength and so on; all of which are described in detail in the table
below.
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A session in this context is the period of time in which a user on a client device (station) with a unique MAC address
maintains a connection with the wireless network. The session begins when the client logs on to the network, and the
session ends when the client either logs off intentionally or loses the connection for some other reason.
Note: A session is not the same as an association, which describes a client connection to a
particular access point. A client network connection can shift from one clustered AP to another
within the context of the same session. A client station can roam between APs and maintain the
session.
To manage sessions associated with the cluster, click Cluster > Sessions.
Figure 65 - Manage Sessions Associated With The Cluster
Details about the session information shown is described in the following table.
Field
Description
AP Location
Indicates the location of the access point.
This is derived from the location description specified on the Basic Settings page.
User MAC
Indicates the MAC address of the wireless client device.
A MAC address is a hardware address that uniquely identifies each node of a network.
Idle
Indicates the amount of time this station has remained inactive.
A station is considered to be idle when it is not receiving or transmitting data.
Rate
The speed at which this access point is transferring data to the specified client.
The data transmission rate is measured in megabits per second (Mbps).
This value should fall within the range of the advertised rate set for the mode in use on the
access point. For example, 6 to 54 Mbps for 802.11a.
Signal
Indicates the strength of the radio frequency (RF) signal the client receives from the access
point.
The measure used for this is a value known as Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI),
and will be a value between 0 and 100.
RSSI is determined by a mechanism implemented on the network interface card (NIC) of the
client station.
Rx Total
Indicates number of total packets received by the client during the current session.
Tx Total
Indicates number of total packets transmitted to the client during this session.
Error Rate
Indicates the percentage of time frames are dropped during transmission on this access
point.
Table 60 - Session Management
Sorting Session Information
To sort the information shown in the tables by a particular indicator, click the column label by which you want to order
things. For example, if you want to see the table rows ordered by signal strength, click the Signal column label. The
entries will be sorted by signal strength.
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Section 9 - Clustering Multiple APs
Configuring and Viewing Channel Management Settings
When Channel Management is enabled, the UAP automatically assigns radio channels used by clustered access
points. The automatic channel assignment reduces mutual interference (or interference with other access points
outside of its cluster) and maximizes Wi-Fi bandwidth to help maintain the efficiency of communication over the
wireless network.
You must start channel management to get automatic channel assignments; it is disabled by default on a new AP.
At a specified interval, the Channel Manager maps APs to channel use and measures interference levels in the
cluster. If significant channel interference is detected, the Channel Manager automatically re-assigns some or all of
the APs to new channels per an efficiency algorithm (or automated channel plan). If the Channel Manager determines
that a change is necessary, that information is sent to all members of the cluster and a syslog message is generated
indicating the sender AP, new and old channel assignments.
The Channel Management page shows previous, current, and planned channel assignments for clustered access
points. By default, automatic channel assignment is disabled. You can start channel management to optimize channel
usage across the cluster on a scheduled interval.
To configure and view the channel assignments for the cluster members, click the Channel Management tab.
Figure 66 - Automatically Manage Channel Assignments
From this page, you can view channel assignments for all APs in the cluster and stop or start automatic channel
management. By using the Advanced settings on the page, you can modify the interference reduction potential that
triggers channel re-assignment, change the schedule for automatic updates, and re-configure the channel set used for
assignments.
Stopping/Starting Automatic Channel Assignment
By default, automatic channel assignment is disabled (off).
Note: Channel Management overrides the default cluster behavior, which is to synchronize radio
channels of all APs across a cluster. When Channel Management is enabled, the radio Channel is
not synced across the cluster to other APs.
•) Click Start to resume automatic channel assignment.
When automatic channel assignment is enabled, the Channel Manager periodically maps radio channels used
by clustered access points and, if necessary, re-assigns channels on clustered APs to reduce interference (with
cluster members or other APs outside the cluster).
•) Click Stop to stop automatic channel assignment. (No channel usage maps or channel re-assignments will be
made. Only manual updates will affect the channel assignment.)
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Viewing Current Channel Assignments and Setting Locks
The Current Channel Assignments section shows a list of all access points in the cluster by IP Address. The display
shows the band on which each AP is broadcasting (a/b/g/n), the current channel used by each AP, and an option to
lock an AP on its current radio channel so that it cannot be re-assigned to another.
The following table provides details about Current Channel Assignments.
Field
Description
IP Address
Specifies the IP Address for the access point.
Radio
Identifies the MAC address of the radio.
Band
Indicates the band on which the access point is broadcasting.
Current
Indicates the radio Channel on which this access point is currently broadcasting.
Status
Shows whether the radio is up (on) or down (off).
Locked
Click Locked to force the access point to remain on the current channel.
When Locked is selected (enabled) for an access point, automated channel management
plans will not re-assign the AP to a different channel as a part of the optimization strategy.
Instead, APs with locked channels will be factored in as requirements for the plan.
If you click Apply, you will see that locked APs show the same channel for the Current
Channel and Proposed Channel fields. Locked APs will keep their current channels.
Table 61 - Channel Assignments
Viewing the Last Proposed Set of Changes
The Proposed Channel Assignments shows the last channel plan. The plan lists all access points in the cluster by IP
Address, and shows the current and proposed channels for each AP. Locked channels will not be re-assigned and the
optimization of channel distribution among APs will take into account the fact that locked APs must remain on their
current channels. APs that are not locked may be assigned to different channels than they were previously using,
depending on the results of the plan.
Field
Description
IP Address
Specifies the IP Address for the access point.
Radio
Indicates the radio channel on which this access point is currently broadcasting.
Proposed Channel
Indicates the radio channel to which this access point would be re-assigned if the Channel
Plan is executed.
Table 62 - Last Proposed Changes
Configuring Advanced Settings
The advanced settings allow you to customize and schedule the channel plan for the cluster. If you use Channel
Management as provided (without updating Advanced Settings), channels are automatically fine-tuned once every
hour if interference can be reduced by 25 percent or more. Channels will be re-assigned even if the network is busy.
The appropriate channel sets will be used (b/g for APs using IEEE 802.11b/g and a for APs using IEEE 802.11a).
The default settings are designed to satisfy most scenarios where you would need to implement channel
management.
Use Advanced Settings to modify the interference reduction potential that triggers channel re-assignment, change
the schedule for automatic updates, and re-configure the channel set used for assignments. If there are no fields
showing in the Advanced section, click the toggle button to display the settings that modify timing and details of the
channel planning algorithm.
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Field
Description
Change channels
if interference is
reduced by at least
Specify the minimum percentage of interference reduction a proposed plan must achieve in
order to be applied. The default is 75 percent.
Use the drop-down menu to choose percentages ranging from 5 percent to 75 percent.
This setting lets you set a gating factor for channel re-assignment so that the network is not
continually disrupted for minimal gains in efficiency.
For example, if channel interference must be reduced by 75 percent and the proposed
channel assignments will only reduce interference by 30 percent, then channels will not be
re-assigned. However; if you re-set the minimal channel interference benefit to 25 percent
and click Apply, the proposed channel plan will be implemented and channels re-assigned
as needed.
Determine if there
is better set of
channels every
Use the drop-down menu to specify the schedule for automated updates.
A range of intervals is provided, from 30 Minutes to 6 Months
The default is 1 Hour (channel usage re-assessed and the resulting channel plan applied
every hour).
Table 63 - Advanced Channel Management Settings
Click Apply under Advanced settings to apply these settings.
Advanced settings will take effect when they are applied and influence how automatic channel management is
performed.
Viewing Wireless Neighborhood Information
The Wireless Neighborhood shows up to 20 access points per radio within range of every member of the cluster,
shows which access points are within range of which cluster members, and distinguishes between cluster members
and non-members.
Note: The Wireless Neighborhood page shows up to 20 access points per radio. To see all the
access points detected on a given cluster access point, navigate to that cluster member’s web
interface and go to the Status > Neighboring Access Points page.
For each neighbor access point, the Wireless Neighborhood view shows identifying information (SSID or Network
Name, IP Address, MAC address) along with radio statistics (signal strength, channel, beacon interval). You can click
on an AP to get additional statistics about the APs in radio range of the currently selected AP.
The Wireless Neighborhood view can help you:
•) Detect and locate unexpected (or rogue) access points in a wireless domain so that you can take action to limit
associated risks
•) Verify coverage expectations. By assessing which APs are visible at what signal strength from other APs, you
can verify that the deployment meets your planning goals.
•) Detect faults. Unexpected changes in the coverage pattern are evident at a glance in the color coded table.
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Figure 67 - View Neighboring Access Points
The following table describes details about the Wireless Neighborhood information.
Field
Description
Display neighboring Click one of the following radio buttons to change the view:
APs
•) In cluster — Shows only neighbor APs that are members of the cluster
•) Not in cluster — Shows only neighbor APs that are not cluster members
•) Both — Shows all neighbor APs (cluster members and non-members)
Cluster
The Cluster list at the top of the table shows IP addresses for all access points in the cluster.
(This is the same list of cluster members shown on the Cluster > Access Points tab.)
If there is only one AP in the cluster, only a single IP address column will be displayed here;
indicating that the AP is clustered with itself.
You can click on an IP address to view more details on a particular AP.
Neighbors
Access points which are neighbors of one or more of the clustered APs are listed in the left
column by SSID (Network Name).
An access point which is detected as a neighbor of a cluster member can also be a cluster
member itself. Neighbors who are also cluster members are always shown at the top of the
list with a heavy bar above and include a location indicator.
The colored bars to the right of each AP in the Neighbors list shows the signal strength for
each of the neighbor APs as detected by the cluster member whose IP address is shown at
the top of the column.
The color of the bar indicates the signal strength:
•) Dark Blue Bar — A dark blue bar and a high signal strength number (for example 50)
indicates good signal strength detected from the Neighbor seen by the AP whose IP
address is listed above that column.
•) Lighter Blue Bar — A lighter blue bar and a lower signal strength number (for example
20 or lower) indicates medium or weak signal strength from the Neighbor seen by the
AP whose IP address is listed above that column
•) White Bar — A white bar and the number 0 indicates that a neighboring AP that was
detected by one of the cluster members cannot be detected by the AP whose IP
address if listed above that column.
•) Light Gray Bar — A light gray bar and no signal strength number indicates a Neighbor
that is detected by other cluster members but not by the AP whose IP address is listed
above that column.
•) Dark Gray Bar — A dark gray bar and no signal strength number indicates this is the
AP whose IP address is listed above that column (since it is not applicable to show
how well the AP can detect itself).
Table 64 - Wireless Neighborhood Information
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Section 9 - Clustering Multiple APs
Viewing Details for a Cluster Member
To view details on a cluster member AP, click on the IP address of a cluster member at the top of the page. The
following figure shows the Neighbor Details of the AP with an IP address of 10.90.90.91.
Figure 68 - Viewing Details For A Cluster Member
The following table explains the details shown about the selected AP.
Field
Description
SSID
The Service Set Identifier (SSID) for the access point.
The SSID is an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters that uniquely identifies a wireless
local area network. It is also referred to as the Network Name.
A Guest network and an Internal network running on the same access point must always
have two different network names.
MAC Address
Shows the MAC address of the neighboring access point.
A MAC address is a hardware address that uniquely identifies each node of a network.
Channel
Shows the channel on which the access point is currently broadcasting.
The Channel defines the portion of the radio spectrum that the radio uses for transmitting
and receiving.
Rate
Shows the rate (in megabits per second) at which this access point is currently transmitting.
The current rate will always be one of the rates shown in Supported Rates.
Signal
Indicates the strength of the radio signal emitting from this access point as measured in
decibels (Db).
Beacon Interval
Shows the Beacon interval being used by this access point.
Beacon frames are transmitted by an access point at regular intervals to announce the
existence of the wireless network. The default behavior is to send a beacon frame once
every 100 milliseconds (or 10 per second).
Beacon Age
Shows the date and time of the last beacon received from this access point.
Table 65 - Cluster Member Details
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Appendix A - Default AP Settings
Appendix A - Default AP Settings
When you first power on a UAP, it has the default settings shown in the following table.
Feature
Default
System Information
User Name
admin
Password
admin
Ethernet Interface Settings
Connection Type
DHCP
DHCP
Enabled
IP Address
10.90.90.91 (if no DHCP server is available)
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
DNS Name
None
Management VLAN ID
Untagged VLAN ID
IPv6 Admin Mode
Enabled
IPv6 Auto Config Admin Mode
Enabled
Radio Settings
Radio (1 and 2)
One
Radio 1 IEEE 802.11 Mode
802.11a/n
Radio 2 IEEE 802.11 Mode
802.11b/g/n
802.11a/n Channel
Auto
802.11b/g/n Channel
Auto
Radio 1 Channel Bandwidth
40 MHz
Radio 2 Channel Bandwidth
20 MHz
Primary Channel
Lower
Short Guard Interval Supported
Yes
STBC Mode
On
Protection
Auto
Maximum Wireless Clients
200
Transmit Power
100 percent
Legacy Rate Sets Supported (Mbps)
IEEE 802.11a: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6
IEEE 802.11b: 11, 5.5, 2, 1
IEEE 802.11g: 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 11, 9, 6, 5.5, 2, 1
Legacy Rate Sets (Mbps)
(Basic/Advertised)
IEEE 802.11a: 24, 12, 6
IEEE 802.11b: 2, 1
IEEE 802.11g: 11, 5.5, 2, 1
MCS (Data Rate) Settings
(802.11n only)
0–15 Enabled
Broadcast/Multicast Rate Limiting
Disabled
Fixed Multicast Rate
Auto
Beacon Interval
100
DTIM Period
Fragmentation Threshold
2346
RTS Threshold
2347
TSPEC Mode
Off
TSPEC Voice ACM Mode
Off
Virtual Access Point Settings
Status
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Appendix A - Default AP Settings
Feature
Default
VLAN ID
Network Name (SSID)
dlink1 through dlink16
Broadcast SSID
Allow
Security Mode
None (plain text)
MAC Authentication Type
None
RADIUS IP Address
10.90.90.1
RADIUS Key
secret
RADIUS Accounting
Disabled
Redirect Mode
None
Other Default Settings
WDS Settings
None
STP
Disabled
MAC Authentication
No stations in list
Load Balancing
Disabled
SNMP
Enabled
RO SNMP Community Name
public
SNMP Agent Port
161
SNMP Set Requests
Enabled
Managed AP Mode
Enabled
Authentication (802.1X Supplicant)
Disabled
Management ACL
Disabled
HTTP Access
Enabled; disabled in Managed Mode
HTTPS Access
Enabled; disabled in Managed Mode
Console Port Access
Enabled
Telnet Access
Enabled; disabled in Managed Mode
SSH Access
Enabled; disabled in Managed Mode
WMM
Enabled
Email Alert Admin Mode
Down
Time
Manual (Not set)
Client QoS Global Admin Mode
Disabled
Per-VAP Client QoS Mode
Disabled
Clustering
Stopped
Table 66 - UAP Default Settings
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Appendix B - Configuration Examples
Appendix B - Configuration Examples
This appendix contains examples of how to configure selected features available on the UAP. Each example contains
procedures on how to configure the feature by using the Web interface, CLI, and SNMP.
This appendix describes how to perform the following procedures:
•) “Configuring a VAP” on page 115
•) “Configuring Radio Settings” on page 117
•) “Configuring the Wireless Distribution System” on page 118
•) “Clustering Access Points” on page 119
•) “Configuring Client QoS” on page 121
For all SNMP examples, the objects you use to AP are in a private MIB. Take DWL-6600AP for example, the path
to the tables that contain the objects is iso(1).org(3).dod(6).internet(1).private(4).enterprises(1).dlink(171).dlinkproducts(10).dwl-6600AP(128).dwl6600AP(1).dwl_6600AP(1).dwlWLANAPNewMibs(26).
DWL-8710AP: 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.149.1.1.26
DWL-8610AP: 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.136.1.1.26
DWL-6610AP: 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.143.1.1.26
DWL-8600AP: 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.37.29.1.26
DWL-6700AP: 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.142.1.1.26
DWL-6600AP: 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26
DWL-3600AP: 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.129.1.1.26
DWL-2600AP: 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.130.1.1.26
DWL-3610AP: 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.151.1.1.26
DWL-6610AP/B1: 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.152.1.1.26
Configuring a VAP
This example shows how to configure VAP 1 with the following non-default settings:
•) VLAN ID: 2
•) SSID: Marketing
•) Security: WPA Personal using WPA2 with CCMP (AES)
VAP Configuration from the Web Interface
1.) Log onto the AP and navigate to the Manage > VAP page.
Figure 69 - VAP Configuration from the Web Interface
In the Enabled column for VAP 1, select the check box.
Enter 2 in the VLAN ID column.
In the SSID column, delete the existing SSID and type Marketing.
Select WPA Personal from the menu in the Security column. Additional fields appear.
Select the WPA2 and CCMP (AES) options, and clear the WPA and TKIP options.
Enter a WPA encryption key in the Key field. The key can be a mix of alphanumeric and special characters. The
key is case sensitive and can be between 8 and 63 characters.
•) Click Apply to update the AP with the new settings.
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
6.)
7.)
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VAP Configuration from the CLI
1.) Connect to the AP by using Telnet, SSH, or a serial connection.
2.) Enable VAP 1.
set vap vap1 status up
3.) Set the VLAN ID to 2.
set vap vap1 vlan-id 2
Note: The previous command sets the VLAN ID to 2 for VAP 1 on both radios. To set the VLAN
ID for VAP 1 on radio one only, use the following command: set vap 1 with radio wlan0 to
vlan-id 2.
4.) Set the SSID to Marketing.
set interface wlan0vap1 ssid Marketing
5.) Set the Security Mode to WPA Personal.
set interface wlan0vap1 security wpa-personal
6.) Allow WPA2 clients, and not WPA clients, to connect to the AP.
set bss wlan0bssvap1 wpa-allowed off
set bss wlan0bssvap1 wpa2-allowed on
7.) Set the Cipher Suite to CCMP (AES) only.
set bss wlan0bssvap1 wpa-cipher-tkip off
set bss wlan0bssvap1 wpa-cipher-ccmp on
8.) Set the Pre-shared key.
set interface wlan0vap1 wpa-personal-key JuPXkC7GvY$moQiUttp2
If the shared secret keys includes spaces, place the key inside quotation marks.
9.) Use the following commands to view and verify the settings.
get interface wlan0vap1 detail
get vap vap1 detail
VAP Configuration Using SNMP
1.) Load the DLINK-WLAN-ACCESS-POINT-X600-MIB module.
2.) From the MIB tree, navigate to the objects in the apVap table.
3.) Walk the apVapDescription object to view the instance ID for VAP 1 (wlan0vap1).
VAP 1 on Radio 1 is instance 3.
4.) Use the apVapStatus object to set the status of VAP 1 to up (1).
5.) Use the apVapVlanID object to set the VLAN ID of VAP 1 to 2.
6.) Navigate to the objects in the apIfConfig table.
7.) Walk the apIfConfigName object to view the instance ID for VAP 1 (wlan0vap1).
VAP 1 on Radio 1 is instance 3.
8.) Set the value of instance 3 in the apIfConfigSsid object to Marketing.
9.) Set the value of instance 3 in the apIfConfigSecurity object to wpa-personal (3).
10.) Set the value of instance3 in the apIfConfigWpaPersonalKey object to JuPXkC7GvY$moQiUttp2, which is the
WPA pre-shared key.
11.) Navigate to the objects in the apRadioBss > apBssTable table.
12.) Walk the apBssDescr object to view the instance ID for VAP 1.
VAP 1 on Radio 1 is instance 1.
13.) Set the value of instance 1 in the apBssWpaAllowed object to false (2).
14.) Set the value of instance 1 in the apBssWpaCipherTkip object to false (2).
15.) Set the value of instance 1 in the apBssWpaCipherCcmp object to true (1).
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Appendix B - Configuration Examples
Configuring Radio Settings
This example shows how to configure Radio 12 with the following settings:
•) Mode: IEEE 802.11b/g/n
•) Channel: 6
•) Channel Bandwidth: 40 MHz
•) Maximum Stations: 100
•) Transmit Power: 75%
Radio Configuration from the Web Interface
1.) Log onto the AP and navigate to the Manage > Radio page.
Figure 70 - Radio Configuration from the Web Interface
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
6.)
7.)
8.)
Make sure that the Status is On.
From the Mode menu, select IEEE 802.11b/g/n.
From the Channel field, select 6.
From the Channel Bandwidth field, select 40 MHz.
In the Maximum Stations field, change the value to 100.
In the Transmit Power field, change the value to 75.
Click Apply to update the AP with the new settings.
Radio Configuration from the CLI
1.) Connect to the AP by using Telnet, SSH, or a serial connection.
2.) Turn Radio 12 on if the status is not currently up.
set radio wlan01 status on
3.) Set the mode to IEEE 802.11b/g/n.
set radio wlan01 mode bg-n
4.) Set the channel to 6.
set radio wlan01 channel-policy static
set radio wlan01 static-channel 6
5.) Set the channel bandwidth to 40 MHz.
set radio wlan01 n-bandwidth 40
6.) Allow a maximum of 100 stations to connect to the AP at a time.
set bss wlan01bssvap0 max-stations 100
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7.) Set the transmit power to 75 percent.
set radio wlan01 tx-power 75
8.) View information about the radio settings.
get radio wlan01 detail
Radio Configuration Using SNMP
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)
Load the DLINK-WLAN-ACCESS-POINT-X600-MIB module.
From the MIB tree, navigate to the objects in the apRadio table (apRadioBss > apRadioTable).
Use the apRadioStatus object to set the status of Radio 12 to up (1).
Use the apRadioMode object to set the Radio 12 mode to IEEE 802.11b/g/n, which is bg-n (4).
Use the apRadioChannelPolicy object to set the channel policy to static (1), which disables the automatic
channel assignment.
6.) Use the apRadioStaticChannel object to set the channel to 6.
7.) Use the apRadioChannelBandwith object to set the channel bandwidth for Radio 12 to forty-MHz (2).
8.) Use the apRadioTxPower object to set the transmission power on Radio 12 to 75.
9.) Navigate to the objects in the apBssTable.
10.) Use the apBssMaxStations object to set the value of the maximum allowed stations to 100.
Configuring the Wireless Distribution System
This examples shows how to configure a WDS link between two APs. The local AP is MyAP1 and has a MAC address
of 00:1B:E9:16:32:40, and the remote AP is MyAP2 with a MAC address of 00:30:AB:00:00:B0.
The WDS link has the following settings, which must be configured on both APs:
•) Encryption: WPA (PSK)
•) SSID: wds-link
•) Key: abcdefghijk
WDS Configuration from the Web Interface
To create a WDS link between a pair of access points “MyAP1” and “MyAP2” use the following steps:
1.) Log onto MyAP1 and navigate to the Manage > WDS page.
Figure 71 - WDS Configuration from the Web Interface
The MAC address for MyAP1 (the access point you are currently viewing) is automatically provided in the Local
Address field.
2.) Enter the MAC address for MyAP2 in the Remote Address field, or click the arrow next to the field and select
the MAC address of MyAP2 from the pop-up list.
3.) Select WPA (PSK) from the Encryption menu.
4.) Enter wds-link in the SSID field and abcdefghijk in the Key field.
5.) Click Apply to apply the WDS settings to the AP.
6.) Log onto MyAP2 and repeat steps 2-5 (but be sure to use the MAC address of MyAP1 in the Remote Address
field.
Note: MyAP1 and MyAP2 must be set to the same IEEE 802.11 Mode and be transmitting on the
same channel.
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WDS Configuration from the CLI
1.) Connect to the MyAP1 by using Telnet, SSH, or a serial connection.
2.) Configure the remote MAC address for MyAP2.
set interface wlan0wds0 status up remote-mac 00:30:AB:00:00:B0
3.) Set WPA (PSK) as the encryption type for the link.
set interface wlan0wds0 wds-security-policy wpa-personal
4.) Set the SSID on the WDS link.
set interface wlan0wds0 wds-ssid wds-link
5.) Configure the encryption key.
set interface wlan0wds0 wds-wpa-psk-key abcdefghijk
6.) Administratively enable the WDS link.
set interface wlan0wds0 status up
7.) Perform the same configuration steps on MyAP2.
WDS Configuration Using SNMP
1.) Load the DLINK-WLAN-ACCESS-POINT-X600-MIB module.
2.) From the MIB tree, navigate to the objects in the apIfConfig table.
3.) Walk the apIfConfigName object to view the instance ID for the first WDS link (wlan0wds0).
The first WDS link is instance 1.
4.) Set the value of instance 1 in the apIfConfigRemoteMac object to 00:30:AB:00:00:B0.
In the MG-Soft browser, the format for the MAC address value to set is # 0x00 0x30 0xAB 0x00 0x00 0xB0.
5.) Set the value of instance 1 in the apIfConfigWdsSecPolicy object to WPA Personal (3).
6.) Set the value of instance 1 in the apIfConfigSsid object to wds-link.
7.) Set the value of instance 1 in the apIfConfigWdsWpaPskKey object to abcdefthijk.
Some MIB browsers require that the value be entered in HEX values rather than ASCII values.
8.) Perform the same configuration steps on MyAP2.
Clustering Access Points
This example shows how to configure a cluster with two APs and to enable automatic channel reassignment. The
location of the local AP is Room 214, and the cluster name is MyCluster.
Clustering APs by Using the Web Interface
1.) Log onto the AP and navigate to the Cluster > Access Points page.
Figure 72 - Clustering APs by Using the Web Interface (Passive)
2.) If clustering has started, click Stop Clustering so you can change the Clustering Options.
3.) Enter the AP location and the name of the cluster for it to join.
4.) Click Apply.
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5.) Click Start Clustering to enable the clustering feature.
After you refresh the page, other APs that are on the same bridged segment, have radios in the same operating
mode, are enabled for clustering, and have the same cluster name appear in the Access Points table.
6.) Go to the Channel Management page to view the channel assignments.
Figure 73 - Clustering APs by Using the Web Interface (Active)
A table on the page displays the current channel assignments and the proposed channel assignments. The
interval setting in the Advanced section determine how often proposed changes are applied.
Clustering APs by Using the CLI
1.) Connect to the AP by using Telnet, SSH, or a serial connection.
2.) Stop clustering so you can change the location and cluster name.
set cluster clustered 0
3.) Set the AP Location.
set cluster cluster-name “Room 214”
Note: If the cluster name or cluster location has spaces, you must enclose the text in quotation
marks when you enter the text in the CLI, as the command example shows. You do not need to
use quotation marks when you enter text by using the Web UI.
4.) Set the cluster name.
set cluster location MyCluster
5.) Start clustering.
set cluster clustered 1
6.) View information about the cluster settings on the AP.
get cluster detail
7.) Start the automatic channel planner.
set channel-planner status up
8.) View the settings for the automatic channel planner.
get channel-planner detail
Clustering APs by Using SNMP
Cluster configuration by using SNMP is not supported.
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Appendix B - Configuration Examples
Configuring Client QoS
This example shows how to enable client QoS, configure an ACL and a DiffServ policy on the AP, and to apply the
ACL and the Policy to traffic transmitted from clients associated with VAP 2 and received by the AP.
The IPv4 ACL is named acl1 and contains two rules. The first rule allows HTTP traffic from the 192.168.1.0 subnet.
The second rule allows all IP traffic from the management station (192.168.1.23). All other traffic is denied due to the
implicit deny all rule at the end of the ACL. The ACL is applied to the inbound interface on the AP so that packets are
checked when the AP receives traffic from associated clients.
The DiffServ policy in this example shows how to establish default DiffServ behavior for clients associating with the
VAP that do not obtain a DiffServ policy name through the RADIUS server. Voice traffic (UDP packets) received from
clients in the 192.168.1.0 subnet that has the VoIP server as its destination address (192.168.2.200), is marked with
the IP DSCP value for expedited forwarding so that it takes priority over other traffic.
Configuring QoS by Using the Web Interface
ACL Configuration
1.) Log onto the AP and navigate to the Client QoS > Client QoS ACL page.
2.) Enter acl1in the ACL Name field, and click Add ACL.
Figure 74 - Configuring QoS by Using the Web Interface (ACL Name)
The screen refreshes, and additional fields appear.
Figure 75 - Configuring QoS by Using the Web Interface (Rule1)
3.)
4.)
5.)
6.)
From the Action menu, select Permit.
Clear the Match Every option.
Verify that the Protocol option is selected and IP is selected from the Select From List menu.
Configure the remaining settings:
•) Source IP Address: 192.168.1.0
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Appendix B - Configuration Examples
•) Wild Card Mask: 0.0.0.255
•) Source Port: Select the option
•) Select From List (Source Port): www
7.) Click Apply to save the rule.
Figure 76 - Configuring QoS by Using the Web Interface (Rule2)
8.) Select New Rule from the Rule menu and create another rule with the following settings:
•) Action: Permit
•) Match Every: Clear the option
•) Protocol: IP
•) Address: 192.168.1.23
•) Wild Card Mask: 0.0.0.0
9.) Click Apply to save the rule.
10.) Navigate to the Client QoS > VAP QoS Parameters page.
Figure 77 - Configuring QoS by Using the Web Interface (VAP QoS Parameters)
11.)
12.)
13.)
14.)
15.)
16.)
For the Client QoS Global Admin Mode option, select Enabled.
From the VAP menu, select VAP 2.
Select the Enabled option for Client QoS Mode.
From the ACL Type Up menu, select IPv4.
From the ACL Name Up menu, select acl1in.
Click Apply to update the AP with the QoS settings.
DiffServ Configuration
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Appendix B - Configuration Examples
1.) Log onto the AP and navigate to the Client QoS > Class Map page.
Figure 78 - Configuring QoS by Using the Web Interface (Class Map Name)
2.) Enter class_voip in the Class Map Name field and click Add Class Map.
The page refreshes and additional fields appear.
Figure 79 - Configuring QoS by Using the Web Interface (Rule)
3.) Select the Match Every option to indicate that all match criteria defined for the class must be satisfied in order
for a packet to be considered a match.
4.) Select Protocol, and then select UDP from the Select From List field to define UDP as a match criteria.
5.) Select Source IP Address and enter the following information:
•) Address: 192.168.1.0
•) Source IP Mask: 255.255.255.0
6.) Select the Destination IP Address option and enter the following information for the VoIP server:
•) Address: 192.168.2.200
•) Destination IP Mask: 255.255.255.255
7.) Click Apply to save the match criteria.
8.) Navigate to the Client QoS > Policy Map page.
Figure 80 - Configure Client QoS DiffServ Policy Map Settings (Policy Map Name)
9.) To create a policy, enter pol_voip into the Policy Map Name field, and then click Add Policy Map.
The page refreshes and additional fields appear.
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Appendix B - Configuration Examples
Figure 81 - Configure Client QoS DiffServ Policy Map Settings (Rule)
10.) For the class_voip Class Map, select the Mark IP Dscp option, and then select ef from the Select From List
menu.
11.) Traffic that meets the criteria defined in the class_voip class is marked with a DSCP value of EF (expedited
forwarding).
12.) Click Apply to save the policy.
13.) Navigate to the Client QoS > VAP QoS Parameters page.
Figure 82 - Configure Client QoS VAP Settings
14.)
15.)
16.)
17.)
Select VAP 2 from the VAP menu.
Make sure that the Client QoS Global Admin Mode and the QoS Mode are both enabled.
From the DiffServ Policy Up menu, select pol_voip.
Click Apply to update the AP with the QoS settings.
Configuring QoS by Using the CLI
ACL Configuration
1.) Connect to the AP.
2.) Create an ACL named acl1.
add acl acl1 acl-type ipv4
3.) Add a rule to acl1 that allows HTTP traffic from the 192.168.1.0 subnet.
add rule acl-name acl2 acl-type ipv4 action permit protocol ip src-ip 192.168.1.0 src-ipmask 0.0.0.255 src-port http
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Appendix B - Configuration Examples
4.) Add another rule to acl1 that allows all traffic from the host with an IP address of 192.168.1.23.
add rule acl-name acl2 acl-type ipv4 action permit protocol ip src-ip 192.168.1.23 src-ipmask 0.0.0.0
5.) Enable Client QoS on the AP.
set client-qos mode up
6.) Enable Client QoS on VAP2
set vap wlan0vap2 qos-mode up
7.) Apply acl1 to VAP2 in the inbound direction (from the client to the AP).
set vap wlan0vap2 def-acl-up acl1
DiffServ Configuration
1.) Log onto the AP CLI.
2.) Create a class map named class_voip and configure it to match all UDP packets from the 192.168.1.0 network
that have a destination IP address of 192.168.2.200 (the VoIP server).
add class-map class_voip every yes protocol udp src-ip 192.168.1.0 src-ip-mask 255.255.255.0
dst-ip 192.168.2.200 dst-ip-mask 255.255.255.255
3.) Add a policy map named pol_voip.
add policy-map pol_voip
4.) Define the pol_voip policy map by adding the class_voip class map and specifying that packets that match the
class_voip criteria will be marked with a DSCP value of EF (expedited forwarding).
add policy-attr policy-map-name pol_voip class-map-name class_voip mark-ip-dscp ef
5.) Enable Client QoS on the AP.
set client-qos mode up
6.) Enable Client QoS on VAP2
set vap wlan0vap2 qos-mode up
7.) Apply pol_voip to VAP2 in the inbound direction (from the client to the AP).
set vap wlan0vap2 def-policy-up pol_voip
Configuring QoS by Using SNMP
ACL Configuration
1.) Load the DLINK-WLAN-ACCESS-POINT-X600-MIB module.
2.) From the MIB tree, navigate to the objects in the apQos > apAclTable.
3.) Use the apQosAclStatus object to create a row entry with apQosAclName and apQosAclType as the indexes for
apQosAclEntry.
The new apQosAclEntry value includes the apQosAclType (1) followed by the number of characters in the name
(4), and then the ASCII code for the name. In this example, acl1 is 97.99.108.49. The value to set is 4, which is
Create and Go.
4.) Add a rule to acl1 that allows HTTP traffic from the 192.168.1.0 subnet.
•) Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.3.1.14.1.4.97.99.108.49.1 to set the apQosAclRuleStatus of Rule 1 to
active (1)
In the OID, the 14 (bold) is the sequence identifier for the apQosAclRuleStatuss object, 1 is the ACL type,
4.97.99.108.49 is the ACL name (the number of characters followed by the ASCII code), and the final 1 is the
ACL rule number.
•) Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.3.1.4.1.4.97.99.108.49.1 to set the apQosAclRuleSrcIpAddress to a
value of 192.168.1.0.
•) Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.3.1.5.1.4.97.99.108.49.1 to set the apQosAclRuleSrcIpMask to a value
of 0.0.0.255.
•) Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.3.1.3.1.4.97.99.108.49.1 to set apQosAclRuleProtocol to a value of 80
(HTTP).
•) Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.3.1.16.1.4.97.99.108.49.1 to set apQosAclRuleCommit to a value of 1
(true), which saves the rule.
5.) Add another rule to acl1 that allows all traffic from the host with an IP address of 192.168.1.23.
•) Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.3.1.14.1.4.97.99.108.49.2 to set the apQosAclRuleStatus of Rule 2 to
active (1)
•) Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.3.1.4.1.4.97.99.108.49.2 to set the apQosAclRuleSrcIpAddress to a
value of 192.168.1.23.
•) Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.3.1.5.1.4.97.99.108.49.2 to set the apQosAclRuleSrcIpMask to a value
of 0.0.0.0.
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6.)
7.)
8.)
9.)
Appendix B - Configuration Examples
•) Use 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.3.1.16.1.4.97.99.108.49.2 to set apQosAclRuleCommit to a value of 1
(true), which saves the rule.
Use the apQosGlobalMode object to set the status to up (1), which enables Client QoS on the AP.
Walk the apVapDescription object to view the instance ID for VAP 2 (wlan0vap2).
VAP 2 on Radio 1 is instance 5.
Use the apVapQosMode object to set the status of VAP 2 to up (1).
Use the apVapAclUp object to apply acl1 to VAP2 in the inbound direction (from the client to the AP).
The ACL name is the text string, and not the ASCII code.
DiffServ Configuration
1.) Load the DLINK-WLAN-ACCESS-POINT-X600-MIB module.
2.) From the MIB tree, navigate to the objects in the apQos > apAclTable.
3.) Use the apQosDsClassMapStatus object to set the status of the class map named class_voip to Create and Go
(4).
The OID to set is 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.4.1.3.10.99.108.97.115.115.95.118.111.105.112, where 10 is
the number of characters, and 99.108.97.115.115.95.118.111.105.112 is class_voip in ASCII code.
4.) Configure class_voip to match all UDP packets from the 192.168.1.0 network that have a destination IP address
of 192.168.2.200 (the VoIP server).
•) Set apQosDsClassMapMatchEvery to true (1).
•) Set apQosDsClassMapMatchProtocol to UDP (17).
•) Set apQosDsClassMapMatchSrcIpAddress to 192.168.1.0.
•) Set apQosDsClassMapMatchSrcIpMask to 255.255.255.0.
•) Set apQosDsClassMapMatchDestIpAddress to 192.168.2.200.
•) Set apQosDsClassMapMatchDestIpMask to 255.255.255.255
•) Set apQosDsClassMapMatchCommit to true (1).
5.) Create a policy map named pol_voip (which is 112.111.108.95.118.111.105.112 in ASCII) by setting the value of
the OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.171.10.128.1.1.26.10.5.1.2.8.112.111.108.95.118.111.105.112 to Create and Go (4).
6.) Define the pol_voip policy map by adding the class_voip class map and specifying that packets that match the
class_voip criteria will be marked with a DSCP value of EF (expedited forwarding).
•) Set
apQosDsPolicyMapAttrStatus.8.112.111.108.95.118.111.105.112.10.99.108.97.115.115.95.118.111.105.112.1
to a value of 4 (Create and Go)
•) Set
apQosDsPolicyMapAttrMarkIpDscp.8.112.111.108.95.118.111.105.112.10.99.108.97.115.115.95.118.111.105.
112.1 to 46 (which is the equivalent of ef).
7.) Enable Client QoS on the AP.
set client-qos mode up
8.) Use the apQosGlobalMode object to set the status to up (1), which enables Client QoS on the AP.
9.) Walk the apVapDescription object to view the instance ID for VAP 2 (wlan0vap2).
VAP 2 on Radio 1 is instance 5.
10.) Use the apVapQosMode object to set the status of VAP 2 to up (1).
11.) Use the apVapPolUp object to apply pol_voip to VAP2 in the inbound direction (from the client to the AP).
The policy name is the text string, and not the ASCII code.
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Appendix C - DWL-6700AP Profile and Configuration Table
Appendix C - DWL-6700AP Profile and Configuration
Table
DWL-6700AP doesn’t support some features like, IEEE 802.1X Authentication, CLI command (no console port
supported), TSPEC etc…, details please see the following table.
Radio Configuration
DWL-6700AP
DWL-6600AP
Radio mode
Yes
Yes
Radio configuration state
Yes
Yes
RTS threshold
Yes
Yes
Load Balancing
NO
Yes
Load Utilization
NO
Yes
Maximum Clients
Yes
Yes
RF Scan Other Channels
NO
Yes
RF Scan Sentry
NO
Yes
Mode
Yes
Yes
DTIM Period
Yes
Yes
Beacon Interval
Yes
Yes
Automatic Channel
Yes
Yes
Automatic Power
Yes
Yes
Initial Power
Yes
Yes
APSD mode
NO
Yes
RF Scan Interval (secs)
Yes
Yes
Frag Threshold (bytes)
Yes
Yes
RF Scan Sentry Channels
NO
Yes
DWL-6700AP
DWL-6600AP
Short Retries
NO
Yes
RF Scan Duration (msecs)
Yes
Yes
Long Retries
NO
Yes
Rate Limiting
NO
Yes
Transmit Lifetime (msecs)
NO
Yes
Rate Limit (pkts/sec)
NO
Yes
Receive Lifetime (msecs)
NO
Yes
Rate Limit Burst (pkts/sec)
NO
Yes
Station Isolation
Yes
Yes
Channel Bandwidth
Yes
Yes
Primary Channel
Yes
Yes
Protection
Yes
Yes
Short Guard Interval
Yes
Yes
Space Time Block Code
NO
Yes
Radio Resource Management
NO
Yes
NO ack
NO
Yes
Multicast TX rate (Mbps)
Yes
Yes
Network Configuration
DWL-6700AP
DWL-6600AP
SSID
Yes
Yes
Hide SSID
Yes
Yes
Ignore Broadcst
Yes
Yes
VLAN
Yes
Yes
Radio Configuration
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Appendix C - DWL-6700AP Profile and Configuration Table
MAC Authentication
Yes
Yes
Redirect
NO
Yes
Redirect URL
NO
Yes
Wireless ARP Suppression Mode
NO
Yes
L2 Distributed Tunneling Mode
NO
Yes
RADIUS Autentication Server Name
NO
Yes
RADIUS Autentication Server Status
NO
N/A
RADIUS Accounting Server Name
NO
Yes
RADIUS Accounting Server Status
NO
N/A
RADIUS Use Network Configuraiton
NO
Yes
RADIUS Accounting
NO
Yes
Security
Yes
Yes
WPA Versions
Yes
Yes
WPA Ciphers
Yes
Yes
DWL-6700AP
DWL-6600AP
WPA Key Type
Yes
Yes
WPA Key
Yes
Yes
Bcast Key Refresh Rate (seconds)
NO
Yes
DWL-6700AP
DWL-6600AP
Yes
NO
DWL-6700AP
DWL-6600AP
Yes
NO
Network Configuration
WDS Configuration
ACK Timer Value (Standalone mode)
Others
Turn Off all LEDs via GUI (Standalone mode)
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Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy
and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful
interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause
harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected. • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for
help.
FCC Caution:
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the
following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2)
this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may
cause undesired operation.
Non-modification Statement:
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for
compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an
uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with
minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body.
Industry Canada Statement
This device complies with RSS-247 of Industry Canada
Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause
interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference
that may cause undesired operation of the device.
The device for operation in the band 5150-5250 MHz is only for indoor use to reduce
the potential for harmful interference to co-channel mobile satellite systems. The
maximum antenna gain permitted for devices in the band 5725-5825 MHz shall
comply with the e.i.r.p. limits specified for point-topoint and non point-to-point
operation as appropriate.
IC Radiation Exposure Statement
This equipment complies with IC RSS-102 radiation exposure limit set forth for an
uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with
minimum distance 20cm between the radiator and your body.
Avis d’industrie Canada
Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux
appareils radio exempts de licence.
L'exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes:
(1) l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et, and
(2) l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même
si le brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le fonctionnement.
Les dispositifs fonctionnant dans la bande 5150-5250 MHz sont réservés uniquement
pour une utilisation à l’intérieur afin de réduire les risques de brouillage préjudiciable
aux systèmes de satellites mobiles utilisant les mêmes canaux. Le gain maximal
d’antenne permis (pour les dispositifs utilisant la bande 5725-5825 MHz) doit se
conformer à la limite de p.i.r.e. spécifiée pour l’exploitation point à point et non
point à point, selon le cas.
Déclaration d’exposition à la radiation : Cet équipement respecte les limites
d’exposition aux rayonnements IC définies pour un environnement non contrôlé. Cet
équipement doit être installé et mis en marche à une distance minimale de 20 cm
qui sépare l’élément rayonnant de votre corps.
L’émetteur ne doit ni être utilisé avec une autre antenne ou un autre émetteur ni se
trouver à leur proximité.
一般設備(低功率電波輻射性電機管理辦法第12、14條)
--- 經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司、商號或使用者均不得擅自
變更頻率，加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。
--- 低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信：經發現有干擾現象
時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。
前項合法通信，指依電信法規定作業之無線電通信低功率射頻電機需忍受合法通信
或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。
--本產品使用時建議應至少距離人體 20cm;電磁波曝露量MPE標準值1mW/c㎡，送測
產品實測值為0.3331 mW/cm2.

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