Trends In Gas Turbine Exhaust And Noise Emissions Siemens Portable Generator 580 Session2Part2
User Manual: Siemens Portable Generator 580
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IAGT Fall 2010 Course – Hamilton, Ontario GAS TURBINE SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS A Canadian Perspective Session 2 : Part II • Some Historical Perspectives on Various Energy Sectors • Examples of ‘First’ and Unique Installations • Simple & Combined Cycle Power • Natural Gas Production & Pipelines • Cogeneration, WHR and Gasification GE LM1500 (S&S) Cooper Rolls Coberra 6456 OPTI Nexen Gasification Manfred Klein Program Coordinator, Energy & Environment Gas Turbine Labs, National Research Council 613‐949‐9686 manfred.klein@nrc‐cnrc.gc.ca Gas Turbine Systems in Canadian Industrial Sectors, 2010 estimate (M.Klein) Installed MW Simple Cycle Combined Cycles Comb. Cycle Cogen Simple Cogen Sector total Electric Power 4240 6650 10890 Gas Pipelines 4950 120 5070 Upstream Gas 80 120 340 540 Oilsands & Refineries 115 575 1400 2075 3175 400 3575 1150 170 1360 210 55 265 5230 2365 23790 Chemicals, Forestry, Metals Manufacturing 40 Institutional Est. Total 9425 6770 • Not incl. retired units • 20290 MW GTs, and 3440 MW of steam turbines Canada’s 1st GT cogen plants Pinetree Line, Old HRSG Boilers Brown Boveri, 1939, Switzerland 1.5 MW Orenda OT5 (1962, Herb S.) Marine Gas Turbines Canadian tribal class destroyers, 1972. ‐World’s 1st all gas turbine powered ships, powered by; (DND) • two Pratt & Whitney FT12 of 7,400 shp • two P&W FT4 gas turbines of 50,000 shp • 3 Solar Saturn 0.7 MW gensets TRUMP refit, 1992; 13000 shp Allison 570 COGOG 12 Halifax Class Patrol Frigates 1992‐96 (CODAG) 2 GE LM2500 units, 48000 Hp Pielstick Cruise Diesel, 12000 Hp PW FT4 & ST‐6, Bras D’Or, 1968 GE LM2500 naval‐technology.com Electric Power Peaking Power Stations Two JT3 units, Success , Sask. • Many installed after 1965 Eastern power failures • Remote service • Nuclear Standby, Emergency ABB 11 Landis, Sask RR Olympus, from Concorde 593 Engine 4 Olympus, 2 Mars OPG Darlington ABB 11, ATCO Sturgeon AB GE Fr6, Meadow Lake SK RR Olympus POD‐50 units Cadillac Stn, Hydro Quebec Recent Peaking Facilities • Replacing Old Steam Boilers • Synchronous Condensers LM6000, oil, Maritime Elec. PEI LM6000, ATCO Valleyview, AB 2 Alstom 11N, 260 MW Brandon, Man Hydro (Toromont) OPG Solar Units, Toronto 2003 EPCOR’s Clover Bar 243 MW ‐ GE LM 6000 ‐ two 100 MW GE LMS100 units 4 GE Fr7, Hydro Quebec Becancour , Gentilly Standby Early Aeroderivative Units, Pipelines Orenda 14 , F86 jet CF100 Orenda OT3 and OT2100 Typical Facts Power: Press Ratio: Heat Rate: Exh. Temp: Mass Flow: Portable unit, TCPL Stn 95, 1986 (NEB) OT2100s 10 MW 7.6 14 GJ/MWhr 500oC 64 kg/s Orenda Portable Unit, Kapuskasing ON First Generation Gas turbine Units on Canadian Gas Pipelines Spectra NOVA/TCPL Alliance PNG TransGas TransCanada PipeLines BCGas • 1955‐60 recip engines installed across systems 1960’s • First Industrial gas turbines , TCPL (Clark, W62, W92) • 1st aeros on WEI, NOVA, TCPL; GE LM1500, Orenda OT2 • 1964‐73 40 Rolls Royce Avons, on TCPL and Union Gas Union Gas First Rolls Royce Aeroderivative unit in Pipeline service, at TransCanada Stn 13, Caron, Sask. wikipedia.org Rolls Royce Avon (AP1, RT121, RT248, RT160) Typical Facts Power: Press Ratio: Heat Rate: Exh. Temp: Mass Flow: RR Avon 76G 10 MW 9 12.8 GJ/MWh 550oC 77 kg/s MK Two 10 MW Avons, TCPL Stn 17, Regina SK. 2nd Generation Aeroderivative Units • First Rolls Royce RB211 on Pipeline (1974) • Coberra 264 at TCPL Stn 2, Burstall, Sask. A Coberra 6256 RR Avon, 3 RB211s 2 GE LM2500 (Total 143 MW) RB211 dle, TCPL 33 MW RR 6761, TCPL Nordegg, AB RB211 driven compressors, Union Gas Storage, Dawn ON Versatile Applications ‐ GE LM2500 • First Unit Installed on NOVA Princess, 1972 • then at Westcoast P/L in BC, 1973 GTCC , Cochrane Ont, Algonquin Galaxy From CF6‐50, TF39 Northland Peaker, Kirkland L. ON (Gryphon) PGT25+, Spectra Gas, BC LM2500 LM2500+ G4 DLE 4 LM2500 units, 1994 Hibernia Platform, Nfld GT Operations and Maintenance Symposium Oct 21‐23, 1974 Edmonton AB (NRCC Associate Committee on Propulsion) Chair: Ray Stauffer, AGTL Session Topics • Inlet Icing Problems • Performance Testing • Trend Monitoring • Compressor Cleaning • Panel Session ‐ Lube Oil Papers by; Rolls Royce, Cooper, FARR Westinghouse, Orenda, United Aircraft TCPL, Westcoast, AGTL, DND, DOW NRCC, Carleton U, Texas A&M, IPEL ‐ Led to formation of ‘Canadian GT Users Assoc’ – then IAGT ‐ 1st organizers ‐ Herb Saravanamuttoo and Bernie MacIsaac, Carleton University ‐ Hosted by Nat’l Research Council, then by Cdn Gas Assoc. in 1990 (now both) Natural Gas Processing NGL Extraction Lean Oil Absorption • Older process for heavy NGLs ‐ needs Heat Cryogenic Process • For removal of C2, C3 • Turboexpander cooling McMahon BC, ATCO/Spectra 2 x W251B12 (SGT‐900) Interpipe Cochrane AB (ANG) Two RB211 GTCHP units First large Canadian CHP with Aeroderivative GT, (RB211) 1978 Shell Waterton Gas Plant Siemens Cyclone Unocal Aitken Ck, BC SableGas Goldboro, NS 4 Solar Mars & Centaur units 2 A501K, Spectra, Pine R. BC Replacement of Recip Engines on Canadian Pipelines Solar Mars • First pipeline Mars unit installed at NOVA, 1977 • ~ 200 Solar Saturn, Centaur, Taurus and Mars units installed on pipelines (MK) New 8 MW Solar Mars GT Installation at ANG Crowsnest BC , 1981 Third Generation Gas Turbines General Electric LM1600 • 1st installed at NOVA Knight AB, 1988 • Only DLE at Elko, ANG (+ 4 water Injected units) TCPL Stn 55, Dryden ON Boralex/Cascades Cogen ‐ 1st & only in Quebec, (2 LM1600) Kingsey Falls (geps) First Rolls Royce Spey installed at TCPL Stn 41, Winnipeg, 1976 F404 Typical Facts Power: Press Ratio: Heat Rate: Exh. Temp: Mass Flow: 14 MW 20 10 GJ/MWhr 490oC 47 kg/s PGT16, TCPL Stittsville ON turbine‐support.co.uk First GE LM6000 Installation, 1991 Ottawa Health Sciences Center • Absorption Chiller for Inlet • Active Condenser Noise cancellation • Steam Injection for NOx control TransAlta OHSC, 68 MWe Cogen Plant GE LM6000 2‐Speed Alstom 26 MW Steam Turbine Rolls Royce Trent – First unit at Whitby Cogeneration, 1997 Trent 3‐spool gas turbine (50‐60 MW) 80 MW CHP, TCPL/Weyerhauser, Bear Ck, AB Atlantic Packaging, Whitby, ON 50 MWe RR Atwater Test Cell, Montreal Waste Heat Recovery and CHP Use of high temp exhaust energy ‐ waste heat for electricity WHR = ‘Renewable’ = Zero Emissions Steam • Five Ontario Plants, one in Alberta Organic Rankine Cycles • TCPL, EPCOR 8 plants in BC, Sask, AB Turboexpanders for pressure recovery RB211 WHR, LM2500 1991, North Bay ON Nipigon, Ontario (TCPL/EPCOR) Calstock, ON ORMAT Pentane Turbine Set Gas/Biomass Empress Foothills Decompression – Recompression (1990) NOVA “pressure recovery” 1000 psi 950 psi Inlet Separator 40 106 m3/d 600 psi 25 40 40 55 38 106 m3/d 2 Recompressors 10 16 MW Gas to Gas Heat Exchange Condenser & cooling water To Stripping Plant 40 106 m3/d 500 psi E 1050 psi 16 MW 3 TurboExpanders Brake Compressor 800 psi 35 Use 16 MW turboexpander to partially recompress returned pipeline gas for Foothills Pipeline Gas Cooler 30 1000 psi Foothills 38 106 m3/d mafitrench.com MK Gas Turbines in Atlantic Canada (1500 MW)_ Gas Turbine Units Peak Power 26 Combined Cycle 3 Cogeneration 2 Oil & Gas 14 45 1 2 3 9 2 4 4 1 2 4 4 1 2 4 1 4 1 Rolls; RB211, Olympus, Avon P&W; FT4, FT8 Solar; Mars, Taurus GE; LM2500, LM5000, LM6000, Fr6B Alstom; 11N, GT24 Offshore Applications • Hibernia • Sable Gas • PetroCan Terra Nova FPSO • Husky White Rose FPSO Terra Nova FPSO, Two GE Frame 6B SableGas Thebaud (RB211) Husky SeaRose White Rose Power, 3 RB211, Husky, Nfld Utility Boiler Repowering Replacing boiler supply for steam turbines with HRSG steam, plus gas turbine primary power Replace old boiler • 1st Utility Plant, Medicine Hat AB, 1980‐2003 • Six projects over last decade (1600 MWe) Queen Elizabeth Repowering, Saskatoon SK (courtesy; Gas Turbine World) Six Hitachi H25 units, IST HRSGs Combined Cycle Repowering of Steam Boiler Systems MK ATCO Brighton Beach, 580 MW Windsor ON (OPA) (replaced Ont Hydro Keith Stn, 2004) OPA TCPL Portlands , Toronto 550 MW, 2008 (2 GE Frame 7F replace RL. Hearn Stn.) Bayside 285 MW, Saint John NB (Alstom GT24 repowers Courtney Bay oil‐fired steam turbine in 2001, NB Power) (Emera) Tufts Cove Emera NSP, Dartmouth, NS Two GE LM6000, with IST OTSGs added in 2009 New Combined Cycles Largest source of merchant power generation over last decade • Mostly for intermittent duty • 14 new plants, 5100 MWe • Alberta; 750 MWe Ontario; 3800 MWe Siemens SGT6‐5000, Calpine Calgary 2 LM6000 GTCC, Nexen Balzac, AB 2 GE Fr7FA, Invenergy St. Clair (OPA) (MK) GE Fr7FB, Sithe Goreway (OPA) Canada’s 1st large Industrial Cogen Facility, DOW Sarnia, 1972 TransAlta Sarnia 650 MWe (JP Zanyk) Three Alstom GT11N2 units (JP Zanyk) • First Two baseload Frame 7B units • Repowering of industrial coal unit GT11N2, 110 MW 52 MW GE Frame 7B (BTEC Turbines) Canada’s 3rd large industrial CHP, 1994 ‐ First large gas turbine with DLN combustion in Canada First GE Frame 6FA unit ‐ Installed at AES Kingston Cogen plant 1997 (Celanese/KOSA) 110 MW Westinghouse W501D (SGT6‐2000) Herb S. 1st 6FA unit, AES Kingston, ON Sithe/CASCO Cardinal, ON (Macquarie) Kingston (GE Fr 6FA) Other Industrial CHP facilities with Aeroderivative GT units (courtesy B. Mintern, Irving Oil) TCPL Grandview, Irving Refinery, Saint John NB ATCO Power, Rainbow Lake AB 90 MW peaking & CHP facility, Husky gas plant GE LM6000 dle 2 LM6000, GTAA Pearson Airport CHP (OPA) Cogeneration in the Alberta Oilsands ‘Mining’ Sector (with onsite Upgrading) (MK) Two GE Fr 5 units, Syncrude, Mildred Lake WHR with IST OTSGs in 1998 80 MWe Cogen Plants, Aurora 1&2 (GE 7EA) TransAlta, SUNCOR Poplar R. 2001 2‐ 115 MW Alstom GT11N2 2 Steam Turbines, 130 MW TransAlta Shell Muskeg Oilsands Project Bitumen to Upgrader (Shell) Two GE 7EA turbines use heat recovery to produce steam for Muskeg Mine (ATCO Power) 150 MW ATCO cogen plant at the Scotford Upgrader. One GE 7EA with DLN, output 80 MW Oilsands Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) Deltak Once Through Heat Recovery Steam Generator (OTHRSG) PETRO-CANADA Boiler Feed Water Air Intake Exhaust gases GE 7FA Gas(7241) turbine EOR Steam Generators Steam Fuel Gas Electrical Power Mixed Fuel Hot Oil System • ATCO CNRL Primrose MacKay River Cogeneration , TCPL PetroCan • Esso Cold Lake • EnCana Foster Ck • OPTI Nexen Long Lake • CNRL Horizon • SUNCOR Firebag • 170 MW GE 7FA gas turbine • Deltak Once Through Heat Recovery Steam Generator (courtesy; J. Szyszkowski, TCPL, IAGT 2005) Gasification & Syngas in Power and Oilsands • Minimize natural gas use • Polygeneration with H2 • Onsite Upgrading • Reliable H2/CO combustion • Future CO2 Capture and Storage Future CCS ? 1st Cdn Gasification Project, Long Lake AB OPTI Nexen Long Lake Gas Turbine CHP in Municipal and Institutional Applications • Small GT systems, sized to thermal loads • Can use absorption chilling in summer • District energy • Most plants in Ontario York U., Two Solar Taurus (JP Zanyk) Microturbine CHP, Minto Hotel, Ottawa London Health Sciences (OPA) Queens Kingston Hospital (2 Solar Taurus) Countryside DES, London ON (OPA) NRCC Heating / Power Plant ‐ Canada’s only Federal GT CHP (1993) (courtesy, S. Vohra, NRC) NRC Bldg M6 SIEMENS SGT100 GT GENSET 4.5 MW CONDENSER BOILER No. 4 BOILER No. 3 BOILER No. 2 BOILER No. 1 HEAT RECOVERY BOILER (on mezzanine) CONTROL ROOM ABSORPTION CHILLER – 200 Tons Heating, lbs/hr: Summer 12,000 Winter 55,000 Power : 4 of 12 MW total load Some Lessons Learned • Many varied Gas Turbine unit types and ‘industrial’ systems • Several “World’s First’ applications in Canadian sectors • Fuel flexibility, Reliability, Gasification are important GT challenges • GTs in various systems represent key solutions, to contribute to about ¼ of world’s total energy/GHG solutions (GTCC, CHP, IGCC ...) • Clean Energy success depends on balanced ‘System Integration’ plus New Cycles, Alternative Fuels, and a better Business Case TCPL Stittsville GTAA Pearson Airport (IST) GTAA Plant Tour, IAGT 2006
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