UHF_type_II_User_Manual_Rev_1.5_21112018x UHF Type II User Manual Rev 1.5
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USER MANUAL UHF Transceiver Type II UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 1 Change Log ................................................................................................................... 3 2 Acronyms List................................................................................................................. 4 3 System Overview ............................................................................................................ 5 4 Highlighted Features ....................................................................................................... 5 5 System Description ......................................................................................................... 6 6 RF Characteristics .......................................................................................................... 7 6.1 6.2 7 Transmitter ................................................................................................................................................ 7 Receiver..................................................................................................................................................... 10 Connector Pinout.......................................................................................................... 12 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Connector Location ................................................................................................................................ 12 H1 - Stack Connector .............................................................................................................................. 13 H2 - Stack Connector .............................................................................................................................. 14 Antenna Release Connector ................................................................................................................. 15 Jumper ....................................................................................................................................................... 15 Mini USB .................................................................................................................................................... 15 8 Electrical Characteristics ............................................................................................... 15 9 LED Indicators .............................................................................................................. 16 10 Mechanical Drawing ..................................................................................................... 17 11 Environmental and Mechanical Testing .......................................................................... 18 12 Materials and Processes ............................................................................................... 18 13 Handling and Storage ................................................................................................... 18 14 Warnings...................................................................................................................... 19 ENDUROSAT 2 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II USER MANUAL This user manual details the applications, features and operation of EnduroSat's UHF Transceiver Type II module. Please read this manual before unpacking and using the module to ensure safe and proper use. Figure 1 – UHF transceiver type II module 1 CHANGE LOG Date 02/11/2017 02/04/2018 24/04/2018 15/06/2018 21/11/2018 ENDUROSAT Version Rev 1 Rev 1.2 Rev 1.3 Rev 1.4 Rev 1.5 Note Detailed antenna release connector pinout Changes in text Pinout changes Technical writing enhancements. 3 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 2 ACRONYMS LIST AX.25 AFC CAN ECSS EMI ESD FRAM FSK GEVS GFSK GMSK GND IC I2C LNA MCU MMCX NF OBC OOK PA PCB PER RF Rx SNR SPI Tx Tx/Rx UART UHF USB VCP ENDUROSAT Amateur X.25 data link layer protocol Automatic Frequency Correction Controller Area Network European Cooperation for Space Standardization Electromagnetic interference Electrostatic Discharge Ferroelectric Random-Access Memory Frequency-Shift Keying General Environmental Verification Standard Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying Ground Integrated Circuit Inter-Integrated Circuit Low-Noise Amplifier Microcontroller Unit Micro-miniature Coaxial Noise Figure On-Board Computer On-Off Keying Power Amplifier Printed Circuit Board Packet Error Ratio Radio Frequency Receive Signal-to-noise ratio Serial Peripheral Interface Transmit Transmit and Receive Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter Ultra-High Frequency Universal Serial Bus Virtual Com Port 4 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 3 SYSTEM OVERVIEW EnduroSat's UHF Transceiver Type II module operates in the commercial frequency band 400 to 403 MHz (Tx/Rx), and the amateur frequency band 430 to 440 MHz (Tx/Rx). Furthermore, it features configurable data rates, which can be changed whilst the satellite is in orbit. The output power can also be tuned in order to maximize the link budget depending on the orbital altitude, ground station performance and desired minimum elevation angle for communication. The typical output power is 1W (30dBm) but the system allows the power to be boosted up to 2W (33dBm). The system has a USB (virtual COM port) which allows the connection of EnduroSat's PC Software or Terminal Program for monitoring and configuring. The module is designed to fit within a CubeSat, but a second module can also be integrated in to a ground station to easily create a complete uplink and downlink communication solution. The module uses the popular AX.25 data protocol. The UHF transceiver is fully encapsulated in an aluminum box which is designed to dissipate the heat from the power amplifier, reduce EMI and EMC, and protect the electronics from particle radiation. 4 HIGHLIGHTED FEATURES Frequency range (Tx/Rx): 400 to 403 MHz, and 430 to 440 MHz Modulation: OOK, GMSK, 2FSK, 4FSK and 4GFSK are optional, 2GFSK (by default) Automatic Frequency Correction Configurable AX.25 telemetry beacon broadcast Morse code Audio beacon Protocols: transparent, AX.25 Maximum transmit power: 1 W (customizable up to 2 W) Power supply: 3.3 V (customizable to 5 V) Ultra-low power MCU with FRAM External FRAM Typical current consumption during receive mode (idle mode) (Rx): 25mA @ 3.3V Frequency stability: +/- 2.5 ppm Data rate in the air: up to 19.2kbps (optional up to 100 kbps) Sensitivity: up to -121 dBm Communication interfaces: UART / I2C / USB (VCP) / RS485 (opt.) / CAN (opt.) Local and remote (in-flight) secured application firmware update ENDUROSAT 5 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 5 Type: Half-duplex Weight: 94g SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The UHF Transceiver Type II works in the frequency range 400 to 403 MHz, and 430 to 440 MHz. Different modulation schemes are available, among them 2FSK, 4FSK, the spectrum efficient 2GFSK, 4GFSK, GMSK, and OOK as well. The power supply block diagram is shown in figure 2. By default, the transceiver works in half-duplex mode with configurable data rate and modulation index (m). It has the option to transmit a beacon signal with predefined information. The default data and command interfaces are UART and I2C. Optionally, RS485 and CAN could be used. Additionally, it has a USB (Virtual COM Port) for configuration by EnduroSat's PC Software or Terminal Program. The module can also be used in a UHF ground station so that the AX.25 modem, receiver and transmitter sections can be used for communication purposes. All communication interfaces have dedicated hardware buffers for protection and when the Enable UHF = OFF (see fig. 2) then the interfaces of the module go high impedance. The module can be powered either with 3.3V or 3.3V with latch-up protection with the corresponding enable pin pulled up in high state. Custom versions of the UHF transceiver can be powered from the 5V bus. Enable UHF: ON 1V – 5.5V OFF 0V – 0.3V Figure 2: Power Supply Diagram At the core of the RF section there is a high performance transceiver IC. In the transmitter part of the device, there is a high efficiency RF power amplifier which by default is powered with 3.3V giving an output power up to 1W. If a 5V bus is used the output power can be boosted up to 2W in specific versions of the device. In the receiver part, a low noise amplifier with a maximum Noise Figure (NF) of 0.9dB improves the overall receiver performance in terms of sensitivity which is specified down to 121dBm. ENDUROSAT 6 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL The device uses a PC-104 connector which is suitable for stackable configurations of other satellite modules. The RF connector to the antenna is an MMCX. Figure 3: Functional Block Diagram of the UHF Transceiver Type II 6 RF CHARACTERISTICS 6.1 Transmitter Parameter Freq. Range Unit Min MHz 400 to 403 435 to 438 1 Output Power W Spurious level dBc 60 Baud Rate in The Air bps 1200 ENDUROSAT Typical value Max 2 19200 7 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL Figure 4: Tx Spectrum at 9600 bps, 100 kHz Span, m=0.5 Figure 5: Tx Spectrum at 9600 bps, 7 GHz Span, m=0.5 ENDUROSAT 8 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL Figure 6: Tx Spectrum at 1200 bps, 100 kHz Span, m=1 Figure 7: Tx Spectrum at 1200 bps, 100 MHz Span, m=1 ENDUROSAT 9 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 6.2 Receiver Parameter Condition bps Baud Rate In The Air Input Power Min Typical value MHz Freq. Range SNR Unit PER<1% @9600bps Max 400÷403, 435÷438 1200 dB dBm 19200 14 10 Figure 8 - PER vs SNR at 9600 bps, m=0.5 ENDUROSAT 10 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL Figure 9: Tx RF Power vs Frequency [399 to 404 MHz] at 3.3Vdc, 24°C Figure 10: Tx RF Power vs Frequency [429÷442Mhz] at 3.3Vdc, 24°C ENDUROSAT 11 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 7 CONNECTOR PINOUT 7.1 Connector Location Figure 11: Main Stack Connector Location Figure 12: MMCX and Mini-USB Connector Location ENDUROSAT 12 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL Figure 13 – Antenna Release Connector and Jumper Location 7.2 H1 - Stack Connector Pin H1-1 H1-3 H1-22 H1-24 H1-33 H1-35 H1-41 H1-43 H1-48 ENDUROSAT Mnemonic CAN L CAN H RS485A RS485B RxD TxD I2C SDA I2C SCL LUP 3V3 Description CAN communication Low (3.3V) CAN communication High (3.3V) RS-485 Driver output or receiver input (complementary to B) RS-485 Driver output or receiver input (complementary to A) UART receive data UART transmit data I2C data I2C clock Latch-up protected 3.3V power bus (input) 13 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 7.3 1 H2 - Stack Connector Pin Mnemonic Description H2-5 H2-7 H2-25 H2-26 H2-27 H2-28 H2-29 H2-30 H2-31 H2-32 En UHF Opt. En UHF +5V +5V +3V3 +3V3 GND GND GND GND UHF power enable pin (optional)1 UHF power enable pin +5V BUS Power supply (optional) +5V BUS Power supply (optional) +3.3V BUS Power supply +3.3V BUS Power supply Ground Ground Ground Ground can be used to control a secondary UHF Module Figure 14: Headers Pinout ENDUROSAT 14 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 7.4 Antenna Release Connector Figure 15: Antenna release connector pinout Pin 1 2 3 4 Mnemonic Ground I2C SDA I2C SCL +5V Description Ground I2C data pin I2C clock pin +5V BUS All pins of the antenna release connector are directly connected to the H1&H2 stack connectors. 7.5 Jumper As shown in figure 13, there is a 2 pin jumper on the side of the module. When the jumper is mounted, the UHF module starts immediately to transmit Morse code followed by the audio beacon. 7.6 Mini USB The Mini-B USB shown in figure 12 enables the device to be monitored and configured by EnduroSat's software or third-party software. The module can be used as an AX.25 receiver. 8 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Parameter Supply Voltage [V] Current Consumption [mA] Condition Receive mode (Idle mode) Transmit mode Continuous wave mode Operating temperature [°C] Min 3.2 20 700 -35 Typical value 3.31 252 4133 7804 Max 5V Opt. 30 800 80 1 This voltage directly supplies the internal power amplifier. Changes in the supply voltage will reflect in the output transmit power. 2 Typical current consumption at 3.3Vdc power supply using only the UART and I2C interfaces (CAN and RS485 are turned off). 3 Typical current consumption depends on the ratio of transmit vs receive mode duration. For 50% Tx / 50%, then the consumption would be as follows: 0.5*800 mA (Tx CW) + 0.5*25 mA (Rx) = 413 mA @ 3.3 V. 4 Typical current consumption at 3.3Vdc and 435MHz working frequency ENDUROSAT 15 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 9 LED INDICATORS As shown in Figure 16, the system has LED indicators to give information about its status. Blinking of the blue LEDs (left side) – USB communication Blinking of the green LED (right side) – transmitting; Blinking of the orange LED (right side) – receiving. Figure 16: LED indicators ENDUROSAT 16 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 10 MECHANICAL DRAWING The following pictures show the external dimensions of the UHF Transceiver Type II module. STEP files can be provided upon request. All dimensions are in mm. Figure 17: UHF transceiver Type II - Top View Figure 18: UHF Transceiver Type II - Side View Figure 19: UHF Transceiver Type II - Side View ENDUROSAT 17 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 11 ENVIRONMENTAL AND MECHANICAL TESTING A full campaign of tests at qualification level was performed on the qualification engineering model. Qualification tests level and duration follow the GEVS standard: GSFC-STD-7000A. Test performed: 12 MATERIALS AND PROCESSES 13 Random Vibration Sinusoidal Vibration Pyroshock Test Thermal Cycling Thermal Vacuum Total Ionizing Dose Surface mount technology component placement Standard: IPC-A-610E Class 3 Aluminum 6061 T651 box Visually inspected X-ray checked Functionally verified HANDLING AND STORAGE Particular attention shall be paid to the avoidance of damage of the communication module during handling, storage and preservation. The handling of the communication module should be performed in compliance with the following instructions: Handle using PVC, latex, cotton (lint free) or nylon gloves. The environment where the device will be handled shall meet the requirements for a class environment 100,000, free of contaminants such dust, oil, grease, fumes and smoke from any source. Store in such a manner as to preclude stress and prevent damage. To prevent the deterioration of the module, then the module shall be stored in a controlled environment (i.e. the temperature and humidity levels shall be maintained within the proper ranges): o Ideal storage temperature range: 15ºC to 27ºC o Ideal storage humidity range: 30% to 60% relative humidity (RH) ENDUROSAT 18 UHF TRANSCEIVER TYPE II – USER MANUAL 14 WARNINGS This product uses semiconductors that can be damaged by electrostatic discharge (ESD). Observe precautions for handling. Sensitive Electronic device. Do not ship or store near strong electrostatic, electromagnetic, magnetic or radioactive fields. Communication module. Do not transmit without antenna or attenuator. Be mindful of RF interference issues. ENDUROSAT 19
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