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bq24740
www.ti.com............................................................................................................................................... SLUS736C – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2009

Host-Controlled Multi-Chemistry Battery Charger With Low Input Power Detect
FEATURES

APPLICATIONS

• NMOS-NMOS Synchronous Buck Converter
with 300 kHz Frequency and >95% Efficiency
• 30-ns Minimum Driver Dead-time and 99.5%
Maximum Effective Duty Cycle
• High-Accuracy Voltage and Current Regulation
– ±0.5% Charge Voltage Accuracy
– ±3% Charge Current Accuracy
– ±3% Adapter Current Accuracy
– ±2% Input Current Sense Amp Accuracy
• Integration
– Internal Loop Compensation
– Internal Soft Start
• Safety
– Input Overvoltage Protection (OVP)
– Dynamic Power Management (DPM) with
Status Indicator
• Supports Two, Three, or Four Li+ Cells
• 5 – 24 V AC/DC-Adapter Operating Range
• Analog Inputs with Ratiometric Programming
via Resistors or DAC/GPIO Host Control
– Charge Voltage (4-4.512 V/Cell)
– Charge Current (up to 10 A, with 10-mΩ
Sense Resistor)
– Adapter Current Limit (DPM)
• Status and Monitoring Outputs
– AC/DC Adapter Present with Programmable
Voltage Threshold
– Low Input-Power Detect with Adjustable
Threshold and Hysteresis
– DPM Loop Active
– Current Drawn from Input Source
• Battery Discharge Current Sense with No
Adapter, or Selectable Low-Iq mode
• Supports Any Battery Chemistry: Li+, NiCd,
NiMH, Lead Acid, etc.
• Charge Enable
• 10-µA Off-State Current
• 28-pin, 5x5-mm QFN package

•
•
•
•
•
•

Notebook and Ultra-Mobile Computers
Portable Data-Capture Terminals
Portable Printers
Medical Diagnostics Equipment
Battery Bay Chargers
Battery Back-up Systems

DESCRIPTION
The bq24740 is a high-efficiency, synchronous
battery charger with integrated compensation,
offering low component count for space-constrained
multi-chemistry
battery
charging
applications.
Ratiometric charge current and voltage programming
allows high regulation accuracies, and can be either
hardwired with resistors or programmed by the
system power-management microcontroller using a
DAC or GPIOs.

PGND

REGN

LODRV

PH

HIDRV

PVCC

BTST

The bq24740 charges two, three, or four series Li+
cells, supporting up to 10 A of charge current, and is
available in a 28-pin, 5x5-mm thin QFN package.

28 27 26 25 24 23 22

CHGEN

1

ACN

2

ACP

3

bq24740

DPMDET

20

CELLS

19

SRP

4

28 LD QFN

18

SRN

ACDET

5

TOP VIEW

17

BAT

ACSET

6

16

SRSET

LPREF

7

15

IADAPT

ISYNSET

10 11 12 13 14

EXTPWR

9

VADJ

8

VDAC

LPMD

VREF

21

AGND

2

IADSLP

1

1

2

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas
Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PowerPad is a trademark of Texas Instruments.

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.

Copyright © 2006–2009, Texas Instruments Incorporated

bq24740
SLUS736C – DECEMBER 2006 – REVISED MARCH 2009............................................................................................................................................... www.ti.com

These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.

DESCRIPTION (CONTINUED)
The bq24740 features Dynamic Power Management (DPM) and input power limiting. These features reduce
battery charge current when the input power limit is reached to avoid overloading the ac adapter when supplying
the load and the battery charger simultaneously. A current-sense amplifier enables precise measurement of input
current from the ac adapter to monitor the overall system power. If the adapter current is above the programmed
low-power threshold, a signal is sent to host so that the system optimizes its power performance according to
what is available from the adapter.
TYPICAL APPLICATION
SYSTEM

ADAPTER+

ADAPTER-

R10
2Ω
C1
2.2 µF

P
Q1 (ACFET)
SI4435

RAC
0.010 Ω

P
Q2 (ACFET )
SI4435

Controlled by
HOST
R1
432 kΩ
1%

C6
10 µF

C7
10 µF

D2
BAT54
C3

C2
0.1 µF

0.1 µF

ACN

PVCC
Q3(BATFET )
SI4435
Controlled by
HOST

C8
0.1 µF

ACP

ACDET
R2
66.5 kΩ
1%

VREF
bq24740

EXTPWR

N

R3
10k Ω

PH

L1
D1

PACK+
8.2 µH

BAT 54 0.1 µF

REGN
SRSET
ACSET

R5
10k Ω

C13
0.1 µF

LODRV

VREF
R4
10k Ω

C4
1 µF

PGND

C12
10 µF

C11
10 µF

C10
1 µF

N

DAC

RSR
0.010 Ω

C9

BTST

EXTPWR

P

Q4
FDS6680A

HIDRV

AGND

Q5
FDS6680 A

PACK-

C14
0.1 µF

IADSLP
SRP

HOST
DPMDET

SRN
LPMD
BAT
VREF

CELLS

R7
200 kΩ

CHGEN
LPREF
VDAC

R6
24 kΩ

VADJ
ADC

PowerPad

IADAPT
C5
100 pF

R8
24.9 kΩ

ISYNSET

DAC

C15
0.1 µF

R9
1.8 MΩ

( 1 ) Pull - up rail could be either VREF or other system rail .
( 2 ) SRSET /ACSET could come from either DAC or resistor dividers .

VIN = 20 V, VBAT = 3-cell Li-Ion, ICHARGE = 3 A, IADAPTER_LIMIT = 4 A

Figure 1. Typical System Schematic, Voltage and Current Programmed by DAC

2

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ADAPTER+

SYSTEM
R 10
2Ω

ADAPTERC1
2.2 µ F

P
Q 1 ( ACFET )
SI 4435

R AC
0 .010 Ω

P
Q 2 (ACFET)
SI4435

Controlled by
HOST

C7
10 µ F

C3

C2
0.1 µ F

R1
432 k Ω
1%

C6
10 µ F

D2
BAT54

0.1 µ F

ACN

PVCC
C8
0.1 µ F

ACP

Q 3 (BATFET )
SI 4435
Controlled by
HOST

ACDET
P
FDS 6680 A
PH

R3
10 k Ω

bq24740

EXTPWR

D1

R 13
100 kΩ

BAT 54

PACK+
8.2 µH
C 11
10 µF

0.1 µ F

REGN

R 14

R SR
0 .010 Ω

L1
C9

BTST

EXTPWR
VREF

Q4

HIDRV

AGND

N

VREF

R2
66 .5 k Ω
1%

C 12
10 µF

PACK-

SRSET

R 11
100 kΩ

C 10
1 µF

43 k Ω

C 13
0 .1 µF

ACSET

R5
10 kΩ

C 14
0 .1 µF

LODRV

VREF
R4
10 k Ω

C4
1 µF

N

R 12
66.5 k Ω

PGND

Q5
FDS 6680 A

IADSLP
SRP
DPMDET
SRN
GPIO

LPMD
BAT
VREF

CELLS

C 15
R7
200 k Ω

CHGEN

0.1 µF

LPREF
HOST

VREF

VDAC

REGN

VADJ

R8
24.9 k Ω

ISYNSET

ADC

R6
24 k Ω
PowerPad

IADAPT
C5
100 pF
R9
1 .8 M Ω

( 1 ) Pull- up rail could be either VREF or other system rail.
( 2 ) SRSET / ACSET could come from either DAC or resistor dividers.

A.

VIN = 20 V, VBAT = 3-cell Li-Ion, ICHARGE = 3 A, IADAPTER_LIMIT = 4 A

Figure 2. Typical System Schematic, Voltage and Current Programmed by Resistor

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ADAPTER+

SYSTEM
R10
2Ω

ADAPTER-

P
Q1 (ACFET)
SI4435

C1
2.2 µF

R AC
0 .010 Ω

P
Q 2 (ACFET )
SI 4435

Controlled by
HOST
R1
432 kΩ
1%

C6
10 µF

D2
BAT54C

C7
10 µF

C3

C2
0.1 µF

ACN

0.1 µF

PVCC
C8
0.1 µF

ACP

Q3 (BATFET)
SI4435
Controlled by
HOST

ACDET
R2
66.5 kΩ
1%

VREF
PH

bq 24740

/EXTPWR

N

R3
10 kΩ

C9

L1

PACK+
D1

BAT 54

8.2 µH
C 11
10 µF

0.1 µF

REGN
SRSET

C10
1 µF

ACSET

C4
1 µF

C 12
10 µF

PACK-

C 14
0 .1 µF

N

R5
10 k Ω

C 13
0 .1 µF

LODRV

VREF
R4
10 k Ω

R SR
0 .010 Ω

BTST

EXTPWR

DAC

P

Q4
FDS 6680 A

HIDRV

AGND

PGND

Q5
FDS6680A

IADSLP
SRP

HOST
DPMDET

SRN
LPMD
BAT
VREF

CELLS

R7
200 kΩ

CHGEN

C 15
0 .1 µF

LPREF
VDAC

R8
24.9 kΩ

ISYNSET

DAC

R6
24 kΩ

VADJ
ADC

PowerPad

IADAPT
C5
100 pF
R9
1.8 MΩ

( 1 ) Pull- up rail could be either VREF or other system rail .
( 2 ) SRSET / ACSET could come from either DAC or resistor dividers.

VIN = 20 V, VBAT = 3-cell Li-Ion, ICHARGE = 3 A, IADAPTER_LIMIT = 4 A

Figure 3. Typical System Schematic: Sensing Battery Discharge Current,
When Adapter Removed. (Set IADSLP at logic high)
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part number

Package

bq24740

28-PIN 5 x 5 mm QFN

Ordering Number
(Tape and Reel)

Quantity

bq24740RHDR

3000

bq24740RHDT

250

PACKAGE THERMAL DATA
PACKAGE
QFN – RHD
(1)
(2)

4

(1) (2)

θJA

TA = 70°C POWER RATING

DERATING FACTOR ABOVE TA = 25°C

39°C/W

2.36 W

0.028 W/°C

For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI
Web site at www.ti.com.
This data is based on using the JEDEC High-K board and the exposed die pad is connected to a Cu pad on the board. This is
connected to the ground plane by a 2x3 via matrix.

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Table 1. TERMINAL FUNCTIONS – 28-PIN QFN
TERMINAL
NAME

NO.

DESCRIPTION

CHGEN

1

Charge enable active-low logic input. LO enables charge. HI disables charge.

ACN

2

Adapter current sense resistor, negative input. A 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor is placed from ACN pin to AGND for
common-mode filtering. A 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor is placed from ACN to ACP to provide differential-mode filtering.

ACP

3

Adapter current sense resistor, positive input. A 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor is placed from ACN to ACP to provide
differential-mode filtering. A 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor is placed from ACP pin to AGND for common-mode filtering.

4

Low power mode detect active-high open-drain logic output. Place a 10-kΩ pullup resistor from LPMD pin to the
pullup-voltage rail. Place a positive-feedback resistor from LPMD pin to LPREF pin for programming hysteresis (see
the design example for calculation). The output is HI when IADAPT pin voltage is lower than LPREF pin voltage. The
output is LO when IADAPT pin voltage is higher than LPREF pin voltage.

ACDET

5

Adapter detected voltage set input. Program the adapter detect threshold by connecting a resistor divider from
adapter input to ACDET pin to AGND pin. Adapter voltage is detected if ACDET-pin voltage is greater than 2.4 V.
The IADAPT current sense amplifier is active when the ACDET pin voltage is greater than 0.6 V. ACOV is input
overvoltage protection; it disables charge when ACDET > 3.1 V. ACOV does not latch, and normal operation
resumes when ACDET < 3.1 V.

ACSET

6

Adapter current set input. The voltage ratio of ACSET voltage versus VDAC voltage programs the input current
regulation set-point during Dynamic Power Management (DPM). Program by connecting a resistor divider from VDAC
to ACSET to AGND; or by connecting the output of an external DAC to the ACSET pin and connect the DAC supply
to the VDAC pin.

LPREF

7

Low power voltage set input. Connect a resistor divider from VREF to LPREF and AGND to program the reference
for the LOPWR comparator. The LPREF-pin voltage is compared to the IADAPT-pin voltage and the logic output is
given on the LPMD open-drain pin. Connecting a positive-feedback resistor from LPREF pin to LPMD pin programs
the hysteresis.

IADSLP

8

Enable IADAPT to enter sleep mode; active-low logic input. Allows low Iq sleep mode when adapter not detected.
Logic low turns off the Input Current Sense Amplifier (IADAPT) when adapter is not detected and ACDET pin is < 0.6
V - allows lower battery discharge current. Logic high keeps IADAPT current-sense amplifier on when adapter is not
detected and ACDET pin is <0.6 V - this allows measuring battery discharge current.

AGND

9

Analog ground. Ground connection for low-current sensitive analog and digital signals. On PCB layout, connect to the
analog ground plane, and only connect to PGND through the PowerPad underneath the IC.

VREF

10

3.3-V regulated voltage output. Place a 1-µF ceramic capacitor from VREF to AGND pin close to the IC. This voltage
could be used for ratiometric programming of voltage and current regulation. VREF is the source for the internal
circuit.

11

Charge voltage set reference input. Connect the VREF or external DAC voltage source to the VDAC pin. Battery
voltage, charge current, and input current are programmed as a ratio of the VDAC pin voltage versus the VADJ,
SRSET, and ACSET pin voltages, respectively. Place resistor dividers from VDAC to VADJ, SRSET, and ACSET
pins to AGND for programming. A DAC could be used by connecting the DAC supply to VDAC and connecting the
output to VADJ, SRSET, or ACSET.

VADJ

12

Charge voltage set input. The voltage ratio of VADJ voltage versus VDAC voltage programs the battery voltage
regulation set-point. Program by connecting a resistor divider from VDAC to VADJ, to AGND; or, by connecting the
output of an external DAC to VADJ, and connect the DAC supply to VDAC. VADJ connected to REGN programs the
default of 4.2 V per cell.

EXTPWR

13

Valid adapter active-low detect logic open-drain output. Pulled low when input voltage is above ACDET programmed
threshold, OR input current is greater than 1.25 A with 10-mΩ sense resistor. Connect a 10-kΩ pullup resistor from
EXTPWR pin to pullup supply rail.

ISYNSET

14

Synchronous mode current set input. Place a resistor from ISYNSET to AGND to program the charge undercurrent
threshold to force non-synchronous converter operation at low output current, and to prevent negative inductor
current. Threshold should be set at greater than half of the maximum inductor ripple current (50% duty cycle).

IADAPT

15

Adapter current sense amplifier output. IADAPT voltage is 20 times the differential voltage across ACP-ACN. Place a
100-pF or less ceramic decoupling capacitor from IADAPT to AGND.

SRSET

16

Charge current set input. The voltage ratio of SRSET voltage versus VDAC voltage programs the charge current
regulation set-point. Program by connecting a resistor divider from VDAC to SRSET to AGND; or by connecting the
output of an external DAC to SRSET pin and connect the DAC supply to VDAC pin.

BAT

17

Battery voltage remote sense. Directly connect a kelvin sense trace from the battery pack positive terminal to the
BAT pin to accurately sense the battery pack voltage. Place a 0.1-µF capacitor from BAT to AGND close to the IC to
filter high-frequency noise.

SRN

18

Charge current sense resistor, negative input. A 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor is placed from SRN to SRP to provide
differential-mode filtering. An optional 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor is placed from SRN pin to AGND for common-mode
filtering.

SRP

19

Charge current sense resistor, positive input. A 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor is placed from SRN to SRP to provide
differential-mode filtering. A 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor is placed from SRP pin to AGND for common-mode filtering.

LPMD

VDAC

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Table 1. TERMINAL FUNCTIONS – 28-PIN QFN (continued)
TERMINAL

DESCRIPTION

NAME

NO.

CELLS

20

2, 3 or 4 cells selection logic input. Logic low programs 3 cell. Logic high programs 4 cell. Floating programs 2 cell.

DPMDET

21

Dynamic power management (DPM) input current loop active, open-drain output status. Logic low indicates input
current is being limited by reducing the charge current. Connect 10-kΩ pullup resistor from DPMDET to VREF or a
different pullup-supply rail.

PGND

22

Power ground. Ground connection for high-current power converter node. On PCB layout, connect directly to source
of low-side power MOSFET, to ground connection of in put and output capacitors of the charger. Only connect to
AGND through the PowerPad underneath the IC.

LODRV

23

PWM low side driver output. Connect to the gate of the low-side power MOSFET with a short trace.

REGN

24

PWM low side driver positive 6-V supply output. Connect a 1-µF ceramic capacitor from REGN to PGND, close to the
IC. Use for high-side driver bootstrap voltage by connecting a small-signal Schottky diode from REGN to BTST.

PH

25

PWM high side driver negative supply. Connect to the phase switching node (junction of the low-side power
MOSFET drain, high-side power MOSFET source, and output inductor). Connect the 0.1-µF bootstrap capacitor from
from PH to BTST.

HIDRV

26

PWM high side driver output. Connect to the gate of the high-side power MOSFET with a short trace.

BTST

27

PWM high side driver positive supply. Connect a 0.1-µF bootstrap ceramic capacitor from BTST to PH. Connect a
small bootstrap Schottky diode from REGN to BTST.

PVCC

28

IC power positive supply. Place a 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor from PVCC to PGND pin close to the IC.

PowerPad™

Exposed pad beneath the IC. AGND and PGND star-connected only at the PowerPad plane. Always solder
PowerPad to the board, and have vias on the PowerPad plane connecting to AGND and PGND planes. It also serves
as a thermal pad to dissipate the heat.

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1)

(2)

VALUE
PVCC, ACP, ACN, SRP, SRN, BAT

Voltage range

Maximum difference voltage

PH

–1 to 30

REGN, LODRV, VADJ, ACSET, SRSET, ACDET, ISYNSET, LPMD, LPREF,
CHGEN, CELLS, EXTPWR, DPMDET

–0.3 to 7

VDAC

–0.3 to 5.5

VREF

–0.3 to 3.6

BTST, HIDRV with respect to AGND and PGND, IADAPT

–0.3 to 36

ACP–ACN, SRP–SRN, AGND–PGND

–0.5 to 0.5

Junction temperature range

–40 to 155

Storage temperature range

–55 to 155

(1)
(2)

6

UNIT

–0.3 to 30

V

°C

Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating
conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
All voltages are with respect to GND if not specified. Currents are positive into, negative out of the specified terminal. Consult Packaging
Section of the data book for thermal limitations and considerations of packages.

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RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN
PH

Voltage range

NOM

MAX

–1

24

PVCC, ACP, ACN, SRP, SRN, BAT

0

24

REGN, LODRV

0

6.5

VREF

0

3.3

VDAC, IADAPT

0

3.6

ACSET, SRSET, ACDET, ISYNSET, LPMD, LPREF, CHGEN, CELLS, EXTPWR,
DPMDET

0

5.5

VADJ

0

6.5

BTST, HIDRV with respect to AGND and PGND

0

30
0.3

AGND, PGND

–0.3

Maximum difference voltage: ACP–ACN, SRP–SRN

–0.3

0.3

Junction temperature range

–40

125

Storage temperature range

–55

150

UNIT

V

°C

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
7 V ≤ VPVCC ≤ 24 V, 0°C < TJ < 125°C, typical values are at TA = 25°C, with respect to AGND (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER

TEST CONDITIONS

MIN

TYP

MAX

UNIT

OPERATING CONDITIONS
VPVCC_OP

PVCC Input voltage operating range

5

24

V

CHARGE VOLTAGE REGULATION
VBAT_REG_RNG

BAT voltage regulation range

VVDAC_OP

VDAC reference voltage range

VADJ_OP

VADJ voltage range

4V-4.512V per cell, times 2,3,4 cell

Charge voltage regulation accuracy
Charge voltage regulation set to default to
4.2 V per cell

8

18

V

2.6

3.6

V

0

REGN

V

8 V, 8.4 V, 9.024 V

–0.5%

0.5%

12 V, 12.6 V, 13.536 V

–0.5%

0.5%

16 V, 16.8 V, 18.048 V

–0.5%

0.5%

VADJ connected to REGN, 8.4 V,
12.6 V, 16.8 V

–0.5%

0.5%

0

100

0

VDAC

VIREG_CHG = 40–100 mV

–3

3

VIREG_CHG = 20 mV

–5

5

VIREG_CHG = 5 mV

–25

25

VIREG_CHG = 1.5 mV (VBAT ≥ 4 V)

–33

33

CHARGE CURRENT REGULATION
VIREG_CHG

Charge current regulation differential
voltage range

VSRSET_OP

SRSET voltage range

Charge current regulation accuracy

VIREG_CHG = VSRP – VSRN

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mV
V

%

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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
7 V ≤ VPVCC ≤ 24 V, 0°C < TJ < 125°C, typical values are at TA = 25°C, with respect to AGND (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER

TEST CONDITIONS

MIN

TYP

MAX

UNIT

0

100

mV

0

VDAC

–3%

3%

INPUT CURRENT REGULATION
VIREG_DPM

Adapter current regulation differential
voltage range

VACSET_OP

ACSET voltage range

VIREG_DPM = VACP – VACN

VIREG_DPM = 40–100 mV
Input current regulation accuracy

VIREG_DPM = 20 mV

–5%

5%

VIREG_DPM = 5 mV

–25%

25%

VIREG_DPM = 1.5 mV

–33%

33%

3.267

V

VREF REGULATOR
VVREF_REG

VREF regulator voltage

VACDET > 0.6 V, 0-30 mA

IVREF_LIM

VREF current limit

VVREF = 0 V, VACDET > 0.6 V

35

3.3

3.333

V

75

mA

6.2

V

REGN REGULATOR
VREGN_REG

REGN regulator voltage

VACDET > 0.6 V, 0-75 mA, PVCC > 10
V

5.6

IREGN_LIM

REGN current limit

VREGN = 0 V, VACDET > 0.6 V

90

135

mA
V

5.9

ADAPTER CURRENT SENSE AMPLIFIER
VACP/N_OP

Input common mode range

0

24

VIADAPT

IADAPT output voltage range

Voltage on ACP/SRN

0

2

V

IIADAPT

IADAPT output current

0

1

mA

AIADAPT

Current sense amplifier voltage gain

Adapter current sense accuracy

AIADAPT = VIADAPT / VIREG_DPM

20

V/V

VIREG_DPM = 40–100 mV

–2%

2%

VIREG_DPM = 20 mV

–3%

3%

VIREG_DPM = 5 mV

–25%

25%

VIREG_DPM = 1.5 mV

–30%

30%

IIADAPT_LIM

Output current limit

VIADAPT = 0 V

1

CIADAPT_MAX

Maximum output load capacitance

For stability with 0 mA to 1 mA load

mA
100

pF

24

V

2.424

V

ACDET COMPARATOR
VPVCC-BAT_OP
VACDET_CHG

Differential Voltage from PVCC to BAT
ACDET adapter-detect rising threshold

VACDET_CHG_HYS ACDET falling hysteresis

VACDET_BIAS

–20
Min voltage to enable charging,
VACDET rising

2.376

2.40

VACDET falling

40

mV

ACDET rising deglitch (1)

VACDET rising

518

700

908

ms

ACDET falling deglitch

VACDET falling

7

9

11

ms

ACDET enable-bias rising threshold

Min voltage to enable all bias, VACDET
rising

0.56

0.62

0.68

VACDET_BIAS_HYS Adapter present falling hysteresis
ACDET rising deglitch

(1)

ACDET falling deglitch

VACDET falling

20

VACDET rising

10

VACDET falling

10

V
mV
µs

INPUT OVERVOLTAGE COMPARATOR (ACOV)
AC Over-voltage rising threshold on
ACDET (See ACDET in Terminal
Functions)

VACOV

VACOV_HYS
(1)

8

3.007

3.1

AC Overvoltage rising deglitch

1.3

AC Overvoltage falling deglitch

1.3

3.193

V

ms

Specified by design.

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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
7 V ≤ VPVCC ≤ 24 V, 0°C < TJ < 125°C, typical values are at TA = 25°C, with respect to AGND (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER

TEST CONDITIONS

MIN

TYP

MAX

UNIT

200

250

300

mV

AC CURRENT DETECT COMPARATOR (INPUT UNDERCURRENT)
VACIDET

Adapter current detect rising threshold

VACI = IAC × RAC × 20, falling edge

VACIDET_HYS

Adapter current detect hysteresis

Rising edge

50

mV

PVCC / BAT COMPARATOR
VPVCC-BAT_FALL

PVCC to BAT falling threshold

VPVCC-BAT__HYS

PVCC to BAT hysteresis

VPVCC – VBAT to disable charger

140

185

240

50

PVCC to BAT Rising Deglitch

VPVCC – VBAT > VPVCC-BAT_RISE

PVCC to BAT Falling Deglitch

VPVCC – VBAT < VPVCC-BAT_FALL

7

9

mV
mV

11

ms
µs

10

INPUT UNDERVOLTAGE LOCK-OUT COMPARATOR (UVLO)
UVLO

AC Undervoltage rising threshold

UVLO_HYS

AC Undervoltage hysteresis, falling

Measure on PVCC

3.5

4

4.5

260

V
mV

BAT OVERVOLTAGE COMPARATOR
VOV_RISE

Overvoltage rising threshold

(2)

VOV_FALL

Overvoltage falling threshold

(2)

104%

As percentage of VBAT_REG

102%

CHARGE OVERCURRENT COMPARATOR
VOC

Charge overcurrent falling threshold

As percentage of IREG_CHG

145%

Minimum Current Limit (SRP-SRN)

50

mV

INPUT CURRENT LOW-POWER MODE COMPARATOR
VACLP_HYS

AC low power hysteresis

VACLP_OFFSET

AC low power rising threshold

2.8

mV

1

THERMAL SHUTDOWN COMPARATOR
TSHUT

Thermal shutdown rising temperature

TSHUT_HYS

Thermal shutdown hysteresis, falling

Temperature Increasing

155

°C

20

PWM HIGH SIDE DRIVER (HIDRV)
RDS(on)_HI

High side driver turn-on resistance

VBTST – VPH = 5.5 V, tested at 100 mA

3

6

RDS(off)_HI

High side driver turn-off resistance

VBTST – VPH = 5.5 V, tested at 100 mA

0.7

1.4

VBTST_REFRESH

Bootstrap refresh comparator threshold
voltage

VBTST – VPH when low side refresh
pulse is requested

4

Ω
V

PWM LOW SIDE DRIVER (LODRV)
RDS(on)_HI

Low side driver turn-on resistance

REGN = 6 V, tested at 100 mA

3

6

RDS(off)_LO

Low side driver turn-off resistance

REGN = 6 V, tested at 100 mA

0.6

1.2

Ω

PWM DRIVERS TIMING
Driver Dead Time — Dead time when
switching between LODRV and HIDRV. No
load at LODRV and HIDRV

30

ns

PWM OSCILLATOR
FSW

PWM switching frequency

VRAMP_HEIGHT

PWM ramp height

(2)

240
As percentage of PVCC

360
6.6

kHz
%PVCC

Specified by design.

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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
7 V ≤ VPVCC ≤ 24 V, 0°C < TJ < 125°C, typical values are at TA = 25°C, with respect to AGND (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER

TEST CONDITIONS

MIN

TYP

MAX

VBAT = 16.8 V, VACDET < 0.6 V,
VPVCC > 5 V, TJ = 85°C

7

10

VBAT = 16.8 V, VACDET < 0.6 V,
VPVCC > 5 V, TJ = 125°C

7

11

UNIT

QUIESCENT CURRENT

IOFF_STATE

Total off-state quiescent current into pins
SRP, SRN, BAT, BTST, PH, PVCC, ACP,
ACN

IBATQ_CD

Total quiescent current into pins SRP,
SRN, BAT, BTST, PH

Adapter present, VACDET >2.4V,
charge disabled

100

200

IAC

Adapter quiescent current

VPVCC = 20 V, charge disabled

2.8

4

µA

mA

INTERNAL SOFT START (8 steps to regulation current)
Soft start steps
Soft start step time

8

step

1.7

ms

CHARGER SECTION POWER-UP SEQUENCING
Charge-enable delay after power-up

Delay from when adapter is detected
to when the charger is allowed to turn
on

518

700

908

ms

ISYNSET AMPLIFIER AND COMPARATOR (SYNCHRONOUS TO NON-SYNCHRONOUS TRANSITION)
ISYN Accuracy

V(SRP-SRN) = 5 mV

–20%

ISYNSET pin voltage
VISYNSET

20%
1

V

ISYNSET rising deglitch

20

µs

ISYNSET falling deglitch

640

µs

LOGIC IO PIN CHARACTERISTICS (CHGEN, IADSLP )
VIN_LO

Input low threshold voltage

VIN_HI

Input high threshold voltage

IBIAS

Input bias current

0.8

V

1

µA

2.1
VCHGEN = 0 to VREGN

LOGIC INPUT PIN CHARACTERISTICS (CELLS)
VIN_LO

Input low threshold voltage, 3 cells

CELLS voltage falling edge

0.5

VIN_MID

Input mid threshold voltage, 2 cells

CELLS voltage rising for MIN,
CELLS voltage falling for MAX

0.8

VIN_HI

Input high threshold voltage, 4 cells

CELLS voltage rising

2.5

IBIAS_FLOAT

Input bias float current for 2-cell selection

V = 0 to V

–1

1.8

V

1

µA

OPEN-DRAIN LOGIC OUTPUT PIN CHARACTERISTICS (EXTPWR)
VOUT_LO

Output low saturation voltage

0.5

V

Delay, EXTPWR falling

Sink Current = 4 mA
518

700

908

ms

Delay, EXTPWR rising

7

9

11

ms

0.5

V

OPEN-DRAIN LOGIC OUTPUT PIN CHARACTERISTICS (DPMDET, LPMD)
VOUT_LO

Output low saturation voltage

Sink Current = 5 mA

Delay, rising/falling

10

10

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TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table of Graphs
Y

X

Figure

VREF Load and Line Regulation

vs Load Current

Figure 4

REGN Load and Line Regulation

vs Load Current

Figure 5

BAT Voltage

vs VADJ/VDAC Ratio

Figure 6

Charge Current

vs SRSET/VDAC Ratio

Figure 7

Input Current

vs ACSET/VDAC Ratio

Figure 8

BAT Voltage Regulation Accuracy

vs Charge Current

Figure 9

BAT Voltage Regulation Accuracy

Figure 10

Charge Current Regulation Accuracy

Figure 11

Input Current Regulation (DPM) Accuracy

Figure 12

VIADAPT Input Current Sense Amplifier Accuracy

Figure 13

Input Regulation Current (DPM), and Charge Current

vs System Current

Figure 14

Transient System Load (DPM) Response

Figure 15

Charge Current Regulation

vs BAT Voltage

Figure 16

Efficiency

vs Battery Charge Current

Figure 17

Battery Removal (from Constant Current Mode)

Figure 18

REF and REGN Startup

Figure 19

Charger on Adapter Removal

Figure 20

Charge Enable / Disable and Current Soft-Start

Figure 21

Nonsynchronous to Synchronous Transition

Figure 22

Synchronous to Nonsynchronous Transition

Figure 23

Near 100% Duty Cycle Bootstrap Recharge Pulse

Figure 24

Battery Shorted Charger Response, Over Current Protection (OCP) and Charge Current Regulation

Figure 25

Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) Switching Waveforms

Figure 26

Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) Switching Waveforms

Figure 27

DPMDET Response With Transient System Load

Figure 28

VREF LOAD AND LINE REGULATION
vs
LOAD CURRENT

REGN LOAD AND LINE REGULATION
vs
LOAD CURRENT
0

0.50

-0.50

Regulation Error - %

Regulation Error - %

0.40
0.30
PVCC = 10 V

0.20
0.10
0

-1

-1.50
PVCC = 10 V
-2

PVCC = 20 V
-2.50

-0.10

PVCC = 20 V

-0.20

-3

0

10

20
30
VREF - Load Current - mA

40

50

0

Figure 4.

10

20

30
40
50
60
REGN - Load Current - mA

70

80

Figure 5.

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BAT VOLTAGE
vs
VADJ/VDAC RATIO

CHARGE CURRENT
vs
SRSET/VDAC RATIO
10

18.2
VADJ = 0 -VDAC,
4-Cell,
No Load

Voltage Regulation - V

17.8

SRSET Varied,
4-Cell,
Vbat = 16 V

9

Charge Current Regulation - A

18

17.6
17.4
17.2
17
16.8
16.6
16.4

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

16.2

0

16
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0

1

0.1

0.2

0.3

VADJ/VDAC Ratio

0.8

0.9

Figure 6.

Figure 7.

INPUT CURRENT
vs
ACSET/VDAC RATIO

BAT VOLTAGE REGULATION ACCURACY
vs
CHARGE CURRENT

1

0.2

10
ACSET Varied,
4-Cell,
Vbat = 16 V

9
8

Vreg = 16.8 V
0.1

Regulation Error - %

Input Current Regulation - A

0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
SRSET/VDAC Ratio

7
6
5
4
3

0

-0.1

2
1

-0.2

0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
ACSET/VDAC Ratio

0.8

0.9

0

1

2000

Figure 8.
BAT VOLTAGE REGULATION ACCURACY

8000

CHARGE CURRENT REGULATION ACCURACY
2
4-Cell, VBAT = 16 V

1

VADJ = 0 -VDAC

SRSET Varied

0

0.06

-1
0.04

Regulation Error - %

Regulation Error - %

6000

Figure 9.

0.10
0.08

4000
Charge Current - mA

4-Cell, no load

0.02
0
-0.02
-0.04

-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7

-0.06

-8
-0.08
-0.10
16.5

-9
-10
17

17.5

18

18.5

19

0

V(BAT) - Setpoint - V

Figure 10.

12

2

4
I(CHRG) - Setpoint - A

6

8

Figure 11.

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INPUT CURRENT REGULATION (DPM) ACCURACY

VIADAPT INPUT CURRENT SENSE AMPLIFIER ACCURACY
5

10
ACSET Varied

9

0

7
4-Cell, VBAT = 16 V

6

Percent Error

Regulation Error - %

8

5
4
3
2

VI = 20 V, CHG = EN

-5
VI = 20 V, CHG = DIS

-10

-15

1
0

-20

-1
-2

-25

Iadapt Amplifier Gain

0

1

2
3
4
Input Current Regulation Setpoint - A

5

0

6

1

2

3

4

5
6
I(ACPWR) - A

7

8

9

10

Figure 12.

Figure 13.

INPUT REGULATION CURRENT (DPM), AND CHARGE
CURRENT
vs
SYSTEM CURRENT

TRANSIENT SYSTEM LOAD (DPM) RESPONSE

5
VI = 20 V,
4-Cell,
Vbat = 16 V

4

Ichrg and Iin - A

Input Current
3

2
System Current

Charge Current

1

0
0

1

2
System Current - A

3

4

Figure 14.

Figure 15.

CHARGE CURRENT REGULATION
vs
BAT VOLTAGE

EFFICIENCY
vs
BATTERY CHARGE CURRENT

5

100

V(BAT) = 16.8 V

Efficiency - %

Charge Current - A

4

3

2

90

Vreg = 12.6 V

Vreg = 8.4 V

80

1
Ichrg_set = 4 A
70

0
0

2

4

6

8
10
12
Battery Voltage - V

14

16

18

0

Figure 16.

2000

6000
4000
Battery Charge Current - mA

8000

Figure 17.

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VBAT

Ch2
2 V/div

VACDET

VREF

Ch3
5 V/div

IBAT

VREGN

t − Time = 2 ms/div

Figure 19.

CHARGER ON ADAPTER REMOVAL

CHARGE ENABLE / DISABLE AND CURRENT
SOFT-START
Ch1
10 V/div

Figure 18.

VCHGEN

Ch4
1 V/div

VIN

VBAT

Ch2
20 V/div

VBAT

Ch3
2 A/div

Ch4
Ch1
5 V/div 5 V/div

t − Time = 5 ms/div

VPH

Ch3
2 A/div

IL

IBAT

t − Time = 200 ms/div

t − Time = 4 ms/div

Figure 21.

NONSYNCHRONOUS TO SYNCHRONOUS TRANSITION

SYNCHRONOUS TO NONSYNCHRONOUS TRANSITION

VHIDRV

Ch2
10 V/div

VPH

VLODRV

Ch4
5 V/div

VPH

VLDDRV

Ch3
2 A/div

Ch2
Ch3
Ch4
2 A/div 5 V/div 10 V/div

Ch1
10 V/div

Figure 20.

IL

IL

t − Time = 2 ms/div

t − Time = 4 ms/div

Figure 22.

14

Ch1
1.8 V

Ch2
Ch3
5 A/div 20 V/div

VPH

Ch1
2 V/div

REF AND REGN STARTUP

Ch4
12.3 V

Ch4
1 V/div

BATTERY REMOVAL

Figure 23.

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BATTERY SHORTED CHARGER RESPONSE,
OVERCURRENT PROTECTION (OCP) AND CHARGE
CURRENT REGULATION
Ch4
10 V/div

VPH

VBAT

VHIDRV

Ch3
2 A/div

Ch4
Ch3
2 A/div 5 V/div

Ch2
Ch1
20 V/div 20 V/div

NEAR 100% DUTY CYCLE BOOTSTRAP RECHARGE
PULSE

VLODRV

IL

IL

t − Time = 400 ms/div

t − Time = 4 ms/div

CONTINUOUS CONDUCTION MODE (CCM) SWITCHING
WAVEFORMS

DISCONTINUOUS CONDUCTION MODE (DCM)
SWITCHING WAVEFORMS

Ch2
20 V/div

VPH

Ch3
5 V/div

VHIDRV

VLODRV

Ch4
2 A/div

Ch2
20 V/div
Ch3
5 V/div
Ch4
5 A/div

Ch1
20 V/div

Figure 25.

Ch1
20 V/div

Figure 24.

IL

VPH

VHIDRV

VLODRV

IL

t − Time = 1 ms/div

t − Time = 1 ms/div

Figure 26.

Figure 27.

DPMDET
IBAT

Isys

Ch4
5 A/div

Ch3
5 A/div

Ch2
5 A/div

Ch1
2 V/div

DPMDET RESPONSE WITH TRANSIENT SYSTEM LOAD

IIN

t - Time = 20 ms/div

Figure 28.

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FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
700 ms

ENA_BIAS_CMP

-

0.6 V

AC_VGOOD

-

2.4 V

+

+

ACDET
VREFGOOD

3.3 V
LDO

VREF

V(IADAPT)

ENA_BIAS

+
-

250 mV +-

IADSLP

IADSLP
UVLO

EAI

ACP

EXTPWR

AC_VGOOD_DG

Rising
Delay

AC_IGOOD
CHGEN

EAO

FBO
+

V(ACP-ACN)

20x

-

IIN_REG

-

PVCC

IIN_ER

AC_VGOOD_DG
COMP
ERROR
AMPLIFIER

+

ACN

BTST

CHGEN

-

BAT
VBAT_REG

BAT_ER

+

1V

LEVEL
SHIFTER

+

HIDRV

SRP
3.5 mA

V(SRP-SRN)

+
–

-

20x

IBAT_REG

SRN

DC-DC
CONVERTER
PWM LOGIC

ICH_ER
20 µA

+

PH

3.5 mA

SYNCH

20 µA

CHRG_ON

PVCC

PVCC_BAT

V(SRP-SRN)

+

SYNCH

BTST

-

ISYNSET

REGN

6 V LDO

VREFGOOD

REFRESH
CBTST

LODRV

+
+
4V _
PH

ACSET
IC Tj

+

155°C

-

PGND
TSHUT
ACP

SRSET
VBATSET
VBAT_REG
IBATSET
IINSET
IBAT_REG
VADJ

ACN
104% X VBAT_REG

-

BAT

+

+
V(IADAPT)
20x
-

IADAPT

BAT_OVP

RATIO
IIN_REG
PROGRAM
145% X IBAT_REG

-

V(SRP-SRN)

+

ACDET

+

CHG_OCP
DPMDET

DPM_LOOP_ON

VDAC

3.1 V +V(IADAPT)

LPREF

ACOV

-

CELLS
+

AGND

PVCC

LPMD

-

UVLO
PGND

+
4 V +-

PVCC
BAT

–+

185 mV

16

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PVCC_BAT

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION
BATTERY VOLTAGE REGULATION
The bq24740 uses a high-accuracy voltage regulator for charging voltage. Internal default battery voltage setting
VBATT = 4.2 V × cell count. The regulation voltage is ratio-metric with respect to VADC. The ratio of VADJ and
VDAC provides extra 12.5% adjust range on VBATT regulation voltage. By limiting the adjust range to 12.5% of
the regulation voltage, the external resistor mismatch error is reduced from ±1% to ±0.1%. Therefore, an overall
voltage accuracy as good as 0.5% is maintained, while using 1% mis-match resistors. Ratio-metric conversion
also allows compatibility with D/As or microcontrollers (µC). The battery voltage is programmed through VADJ
and VDAC using Equation 1.
é
æ
öù
V
VBAT = cell count x êê 4V + ççç0.512 x VADJ ÷÷÷úú
çè
VVDAC ÷øúû
êë
(1)
The input voltage range of VDAC is between 2.6 V and 3.6 V. VADJ is set between 0 and VDAC. VBATT defaults
to 4.2 V × cell count when VADJ is connected to REGN.
CELLS pin is the logic input for selecting cell count. Connect CELLS to charge 2, 3, or 4 Li+ cells. When
charging other cell chemistries, use CELLS to select an output voltage range for the charger.
CELLS

CELL COUNT

Float

2

AGND

3

VREF

4

The per-cell battery termination voltage is function of the battery chemistry. Consult the battery manufacturer to
determine this voltage.
The BAT pin is used to sense the battery voltage for voltage regulation and should be connected as close to the
battery as possible, or directly on the output capacitor. A 0.1-µF ceramic capacitor from BAT to AGND is
recommended to be as close to the BAT pin as possible to decouple high frequency noise.

BATTERY CURRENT REGULATION
The SRSET input sets the maximum charging current. Battery current is sensed by resistor RSR connected
between SRP and SRN. The full-scale differential voltage between SRP and SRN is 100 mV. Thus, for a 0.010 Ω
sense resistor, the maximum charging current is 10 A. SRSET is ratio-metric with respect to VDAC using
Equation 2:
V
I CHARGE + SRSET 0.10
VVDAC
R SR
(2)
The input voltage range of SRSET is between 0 and VDAC, up to 3.6 V.
The SRP and SRN pins are used to sense across RSR with default value of 10 mΩ. However, resistors of other
values can also be used. For a larger the sense resistor, you get a larger sense voltage, and a higher regulation
accuracy; but, at the expense of higher conduction loss.

INPUT ADAPTER CURRENT REGULATION
The total input from an AC adapter or other DC sources is a function of the system supply current and the battery
charging current. System current normally fluctuates as portions of the systems are powered up or down. Without
Dynamic Power Management (DPM), the source must be able to supply the maximum system current and the
maximum charger input current simultaneously. By using DPM, the input current regulator reduces the charging
current when the input current exceeds the input current limit set by ACSET. The current capability of the AC
adapter can be lowered, reducing system cost.
Similar to setting battery regulation current, adapter current is sensed by resistor RAC connected between ACP
and ACN. Its maximum value is set ACSET, which is ratio-metric with respect to VDAC, using Equation 3.

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V
I ADAPTER + ACSET
VVDAC

0.10
R AC

(3)

The input voltage range of ACSET is between 0 and VDAC, up to 3.6 V.
The ACP and ACN pins are used to sense RAC with default value of 10mΩ. However, resistors of other values
can also be used. For a larger the sense resistor, you get a larger sense voltage, and a higher regulation
accuracy; but, at the expense of higher conduction loss.

ADAPTER DETECT AND POWER UP
An external resistor voltage divider attenuates the adapter voltage before it goes to ACDET. The adapter detect
threshold should typically be programmed to a value greater than the maximum battery voltage and lower than
the minimum allowed adapter voltage. The ACDET divider should be placed before the ACFET in order to sense
the true adapter input voltage whether the ACFET is on or off.
If PVCC is below 4 V, the device is disabled.
If ACDET is below 0.6 V but PVCC is above 4 V, part of the bias is enabled, including a crude bandgap
reference. IADAPT is disabled and pulled down to GND. The total quiescent current is less than 10 µA.
Once ACDET rises above 0.6 V and PVCC is above 4 V, all the bias circuits are enabled and REGN output goes
to 6 V and VREF goes to 3.3 V. IADAPT becomes valid to proportionally reflect the adapter current. The total
quiescent current is about 1 mA.
When ACDET keeps rising and passes 2.4 V, a valid ac adapter is present. 700ms later, the following occurs:
• EXTPWR becomes low through external pull-up resistor to the host digital voltage rail.
• Charging begins if all the conditions are satisfied, see the ENABLE AND DISABLE CHARGING section.

ENABLE AND DISABLE CHARGING
The following conditions have to be valid before charge is enabled:
• CHGEN is LOW;
• PVCC > UVLO;
• Adapter is detected;
• Adapter is higher than PVCC-BAT threshold;
• Adapter is not overvoltage;
• 700 ms delay is complete after adapter detected;
• REGNGOOD and VREFGOOD are valid;
• Thermal Shut (TSHUT) is not valid;
One of the following conditions will stop on-going charging:
• CHGEN is HIGH;
• PVCC < UVLO;
• Adapter is removed;
• Adapter is less than 185 mV above battery;
• Adapter is overvoltage;
• Adapter is overcurrent;
• TSHUT IC temperature threshold is reached (155°C on rising-edge with 20°C hysteresis).

AUTOMATIC INTERNAL SOFT-START CHARGER CURRENT
The charger automatically soft-starts the charger regulation current every time the charger is enabled to ensure
there is no overshoot or stress on the output capacitors or the power converter. The soft-start consists of
stepping-up the charge regulation current into 8 evenly divided steps up to the programmed charge current. Each
step lasts around 1.7 ms, for a typical rise time of 13.6 ms. No external components are needed for this function.

18

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CONVERTER OPERATION
The synchronous buck PWM converter uses a fixed frequency (300 kHz) voltage mode with feed-forward control
scheme. A type III compensation network allows using ceramic capacitors at the output of the converter. The
compensation input stage is connected internally between the feedback output (FBO) and the error amplifier
input (EAI). The feedback compensation stage is connected between the error amplifier input (EAI) and error
amplifier output (EAO). The LC output filter is selected to give a resonant frequency of 8–12.5 kHz nominal.
Where resonant frequency, fo, is given by:
1
fo +
Ǹ
2p LoC o

(4)

where (from Figure 1 schematic)
• CO = C11 + C12
• LO = L1
An internal saw-tooth ramp is compared to the internal EAO error control signal to vary the duty-cycle of the
converter. The ramp height is one-fifteenth of the input adapter voltage making it always directly proportional to
the input adapter voltage. This cancels out any loop gain variation due to a change in input voltage, and
simplifies the loop compensation. The ramp is offset by 200 mV in order to allow zero percent duty-cycle, when
the EAO signal is below the ramp. The EAO signal is also allowed to exceed the saw-tooth ramp signal in order
to get a 100% duty-cycle PWM request. Internal gate drive logic allows achieving 99.98% duty-cycle while
ensuring the N-channel upper device always has enough voltage to stay fully on. If the BTST pin to PH pin
voltage falls below 4 V for more than 3 cycles, then the high-side n-channel power MOSFET is turned off and the
low-side n-channel power MOSFET is turned on to pull the PH node down and recharge the BTST capacitor.
Then the high-side driver returns to 100% duty-cycle operation until the (BTST-PH) voltage is detected to fall low
again due to leakage current discharging the BTST capacitor below the 4 V, and the reset pulse is reissued.
The 300 kHz fixed frequency oscillator keeps tight control of the switching frequency under all conditions of input
voltage, battery voltage, charge current, and temperature, simplifying output filter design and keeping it out of the
audible noise region. The charge current sense resistor RSR should be placed with at least half or more of the
total output capacitance placed before the sense resistor contacting both sense resistor and the output inductor;
and the other half or remaining capacitance placed after the sense resistor. The output capacitance should be
divided and placed onto both sides of the charge current sense resistor. A ratio of 50:50 percent gives the best
performance; but the node in which the output inductor and sense resistor connect should have a minimum of
50% of the total capacitance. This capacitance provides sufficient filtering to remove the switching noise and give
better current sense accuracy. The type III compensation provides phase boost near the cross-over frequency,
giving sufficient phase margin.

SYNCHRONOUS AND NON-SYNCHRONOUS OPERATION
The charger operates in non-synchronous mode when the sensed charge current is below the ISYNSET value.
Otherwise, the charger operates in synchronous mode.
During synchronous mode, the low-side n-channel power MOSFET is on, when the high-side n-channel power
MOSFET is off. The internal gate drive logic ensures there is break-before-make switching to prevent
shoot-through currents. During the 30ns dead time where both FETs are off, the back-diode of the low-side
power MOSFET conducts the inductor current. Having the low-side FET turn-on keeps the power dissipation low,
and allows safe charging at high currents. During synchronous mode the inductor current is always flowing and
operates in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM), creating a fixed two-pole system.
During non-synchronous operation, after the high-side n-channel power MOSFET turns off, and after the
break-before-make dead-time, the low-side n-channel power MOSFET turns on for around 80ns, then the
low-side power MOSFET turns off and stays off until the beginning of the next cycle, where the high-side power
MOSFET is turned on again. The 80ns low-side MOSFET on time is required to ensure the bootstrap capacitor is
always recharged and able to keep the high-side power MOSFET on during the next cycle. This is important for
battery chargers; where, unlike regular dc-dc converters, there is a battery load that maintains a voltage and can
both source and sink current. The 80-ns low-side pulse pulls the PH node (connection between high and low-side
MOSFET) down, allowing the bootstrap capacitor to recharge up to the REGN LDO value. After the 80ns, the
low-side MOSFET is kept off to prevent negative inductor current from occurring. The inductor current is blocked
by the off low-side MOSFET, and the inductor current will become discontinuous. This mode is called
Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM).
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During the DCM mode the loop response automatically changes and has a single pole system at which the pole
is proportional to the load current, because the converter does not sink current, and only the load provides a
current sink. This means at very low currents the loop response is slower, as there is less sinking current
available to discharge the output voltage. At low currents during non-synchronous operation, there may be a
small amount of negative inductor current during the 80 ns recharge pulse. The charge should be low enough to
be absorbed by the input capacitance.
When BTST – PH < 4 V, the 80-ns recharge pulse occurs on LODRV, the high-side MOSFET does not turn on,
and the low-side MOSFET does not turn on (only 80-ns recharge pulse).

ISYNSET CONTROL (SYN and NON-SYN MODE SETTING)
The ISYNSET pin is used to program the charge current threshold at which the charger changes from
synchronous operation into non-synchronous operation. The low side driver turns on for only 80 ns to charge the
boost cap. This is important to prevent negative inductor current, which may cause a boost effect in which the
input voltage increases as power is transferred from the battery to the input capacitors. This boost effect can lead
to an overvoltage on the PVCC node and potentially cause some damage to the system. This programmable
value allows setting the current threshold for any inductor current ripple, and avoiding negative inductor current.
The minimum synchronous threshold should be set from = of the inductor current ripple to the full ripple current,
where the inductor current ripple is given by:

I ripple _ max
2

£ I SYN £ I ripple _ max

and

(Vin - Vbat ) ´
I ripple =

Vbat 1
´
Vin f s

L

Vin ´ (1 - D) ´ D ´
=

1
fs

L

(5)

where
VIN: adapter voltage
VBAT: BAT voltage
fS: switching frequency
L: output inductor
D: duty cycle
IRIPPLE_MAX occurs when the duty cycle, D is mostly near to 0.5 at given Vin, fs and L. The ISYNSET comparator,
or charge undercurrent comparator, compares the voltage between SRP-SNR and the threshold set by an
external resistor RISYNSET, which can be calculated by:

20

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RISYNSET =

250 V
W
ISYN x RSENSE

(6)
RSENSE

SRN

SRP
-

+

3.3 V

ISYN

20X

I =1V/R_ISYNSET
1V

SYNCH
UCP

+
-

+
5 kΩ
ISYNSET
R_ISYNSET

Figure 29. Charge Undercurrent Comparator, ISYNSET Comparator Block

HIGH ACCURACY IADAPT USING CURRENT SENSE AMPLIFIER (CSA)
An industry standard, high accuracy current sense amplifier (CSA) is used to monitor the input current by the
host or some discrete logic through the analog voltage output of the IADAPT pin. The CSA amplifies the input
sensed voltage of ACP – ACN by 20x through the IADAPT pin. The IADAPT output is a voltage source 20 times
the input differential voltage. Once PVCC is above 5 V and ACDET is above 0.6V, IADAPT no longer stays at
ground, but becomes active. If the user wants to lower the voltage, they could use a resistor divider from IOUT to
AGND, and still achieve accuracy over temperature as the resistors can be matched their thermal coefficients.
A 100-pF capacitor connected on the output is recommended for decoupling high-frequency noise. An additional
RC filter is optional, after the 100-pF capacitor, if additional filtering is desired. Note that adding filtering also
adds additional response delay.

INPUT OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION (ACOV)
ACOV provides protection to prevent system damage due to high input voltage. The controller enters ACOV
when ACDET > 3.1 V and charge is disabled. ACOV is not latched—normal operation resumes when the ACDET
voltage returns below 3.1 V. ACOV threshold is 130% of the adapter-detect threshold.

INPUT UNDERVOLTAGE LOCK OUT (UVLO)
The system must have a minimum 4 V PVCC voltage to allow proper operation. This PVCC voltage could come
from either input adapter or battery, using a diode-OR input. When the PVCC voltage is below 4 V the bias
circuits REGN and VREF stay inactive, even with ACDET above 0.6 V.

INPUT CURRENT LOW-POWER MODE DETECTION
To optimize the system performance, the HOST monitors the adapter current. Once the adapter current is above
threshold set via LPREF, LPMD pin sends signal to HOST. The signal alarms the host that input power has
exceeded the programmed limit, allowing the host to throttle back system power by reducing clock frequency,
lowering rail voltages, or disabling certain parts of the system. The LPMD pin is an open-drain output. Connect a
pull-up resistor to LPMD. The output is logic HI when the IADAPT output voltage (IADAPT = 20 × VACP-ACN) is lower
than the LPREF input voltage. The LPREF threshold is set by an external resistor divider using VREF. A
hysteresis can be programmed by a positive feedback resistor from LPMD pin to the LPREF pin.

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ACVDET
Comparator
ACDET
2.4 V

+
-

t_dg
rising
700 ms

AC_VGOOD

AC_VGOOD_DG
To Control Logic

EXT_PWR_DG
ACP
1 kΩ

Adaptor
Current Sense
Amplifier
+

ACIDET
Comparator
250 mV
AC_IGOOD
(1.25 A)
+

-

ACN

EXTPWR

IADAPT
Error
Amplifier
Disable

20 kΩ

+

20 xV(ACP-ACN)
IADAPT
IADAPT
Disable

IADAPT
OUTPUT
BUFFER

LPMD
Comparator
+
LPREF

LOPWR_DET

LPMD

Program Hysteresis of comparator externally
by putting a resistor in feedback from LPMD pin to LPREF pin.

Figure 30. EXTPWR, LPREF and LPMD Logic

BATTERY OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION
The converter stops switching when BAT voltage goes above 104% of the regulation voltage. The converter will
not allow the high-side FET to turn on until the BAT voltage goes below 102% of the regulation voltage. This
allows one-cycle response to an overvoltage condition, such as when the load is removed or the battery is
disconnected. A 10-mA current sink from BAT to PGND is on only during charge, and allows discharging the
stored output-inductor energy into the output capacitors.

CHARGE OVERCURRENT PROTECTION
The charger has a secondary overcurrent protection. It monitors the charge current, and prevents the current
from exceeding 145% of regulated charge current. The high-side gate drive turns off when the overcurrent is
detected, and automatically resumes when the current falls below the over-current threshold.

THERMAL SHUTDOWN PROTECTION
The QFN package has low thermal impedance, which provides good thermal conduction from the silicon to the
ambient, to keep junctions temperatures low. As added level of protection, the charger converter turns off and
self-protects whenever the junction temperature exceeds the TSHUT threshold of 155°C. The charger stays off
until the junction temperature falls below 135°C.
22

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Status Outputs (EXTPWR, LPMD, DPMDET pin)
Four status outputs are available, and they all, except for LPMD, require external pull up resistors to pull the pins
to system digital rail for a high level.
EXTPWR open-drain output goes low under either of the two conditions:
1. ACDET is above 2.4 V
2. Adapter current is above 1.25 A using a 10-mΩ sense resistor (IADAPT voltage above 250 mV). Internally,
the AC current detect comparator looks between IADAPT and an internal 250-mV threshold. It indicates a
good adapter is connected because of valid voltage or current.
LPMD open-drain output goes low when the input current is higher than the programmed threshold via LPREF
pin. Hysteresis can be programmed by putting a resistor from LPREF pin to LPMD pin.
DPMDET open-drain output goes low when the DPM loop is active to reduce the battery charge current (after a
10-ms delay).
Table 2. Component List for Typical System Circuit of Figure 1
PART DESIGNATOR

QTY

DESCRIPTION

Q1, Q2, Q3

3

P-channel MOSFET, –30V,-6A, SO-8, Vishay-Siliconix, Si4435

Q4, Q5

2

N-channel MOSFET, 30V, 12.5A, SO-8, Fairchild, FDS6680A

D1, D2

2

Diode, Dual Schottky, 30V, 200mA, SOT23, Fairchild, BAT54C

RAC, RSR

2

Sense Resistor, 10 mΩ, 1%, 1W, 2010, Vishay-Dale, WSL2010R0100F

L1

1

Inductor, 8.2µH, 24.8mΩ, Vishay-Dale, IHLP5050CE-01

C6, C7, C11, C12

4

Capacitor, Ceramic, 10µF, 35V, 20%, X5R, 1206, Panasonic, ECJ-3YB1E106M

C4, C10

2

Capacitor, Ceramic, 1µF, 25V, 10%, X7R, 2012, TDK, C2012X7R1E105K

C2, C3, C8, C9, C13, C14, C15

7

Capacitor, Ceramic, 0.1µF, 50V, 10%, X7R, 0805, Kemet, C0805C104K5RACTU

C1

1

Capacitor, Ceramic, 2.2µF, 25V, 2%, X5R, 1206, Panasonic, ECJ3YB1E225M

C5

1

Capacitor, Ceramic, 100pF, 50V, 10%, X7R, 0805, Kemet, C0805C101K5RACTU

R3, R4, R5

3

Resistor, Chip, 10 kΩ, 1/16W, 5%, 0402

R1

1

Resistor, Chip, 432 kΩ, 1/16W, 1%, 0402

R2

1

Resistor, Chip, 66.5 kΩ, 1/16W, 1%, 0402

R6

1

Resistor, Chip, 24kΩ, 1/16W, 1%, 0402

R7

1

Resistor, Chip, 200 kΩ, 1/16W, 1%, 0402

R8

1

Resistor, Chip, 24.9 kΩ, 1/16W, 1%, 0402

R9

1

Resistor, Chip, 1.8 MΩ, 1/16W, 1%, 0402

R10

1

Resistor, Chip, 2 Ω, 1W, 5%, 2012

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APPLICATION INFORMATION
During the adapter hot plug-in, the ACFET has not been turned on. The AC switch is off and the simplified
equivalent circuit of the input is shown in Figure 31

IIN
Ri
Vi

VIN
Li

Rc
Ci Vc

Figure 31. Simplified Equivalent Circuit During Adapter Insertion
The voltage on the charger input side VIN is given by:
V IN(t) + I IN(t)

RC ) VCi(t) + Vie

Ri
t
2L i

Ri * RC
sin wt ) cos wt
wL i

ƪ

ƫ

(7)

in which,
2
1
R t = Ri + R C w =

VCi (t) = Vi - Vie

L i Ci

Rt
t
2Li

æ Rt ö
ç ÷
è 2Li ø

IIN (t) =

Vi

Ri
t
2Li
e
sin w t

wL i

æ Rt
ö
s in w t + cosw t ÷
ç
è 2w L i
ø

(8)

(9)

The damping condition is:
Ri ) Rc u 2

24

Ǹ

Li
Ci

(10)

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Figure 32(a) demonstrates a higher Ci helps dampen the voltage spike. Figure 32(b) demonstrates the effect of
the input stray inductance Li upon the input voltage spike. Figure 32(c) shows how increased resistance helps to
suppress the input voltage spike.
35

35
Ci = 20 mF
Ci = 40 mF

30

Input Capacitor Voltage - V

Input Capacitor Voltage - V

Li = 5 mH

Ri = 0.21 W
Li = 9.3 mH

30
25
20
15
10
5

Li = 12 mH

Ri = 0.15 W
Ci = 40 mF

25
20
15
10
5

0

0
0

0.5

1

1.5

4

2

2.5
3
3.5
Time - ms
(a) Vc with various Ci values

4.5

5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5
3
3.5
Time - ms
(b) Vc with various Li values

4

4.5

5

35
Ri = 0.15 W

Li = 9.3 mH
Ci = 40 mF

Input Capacitor Voltage - V

30
Ri = 0.5 W
25
20
15
10
5
0
0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5
3
Time - ms

3.5

4

4.5

5

(c) Vc with various Ri values

Figure 32. Parametric Study Of The Input Voltage
As shown in Figure 32, minimizing the input stray inductance, increasing the input capacitance, and adding
resistance (including using higher ESR capacitors) helps suppress the input voltage spike. However, a user often
cannot control input stray inductance and increasing capacitance can increase costs. Therefore, the most
efficient and cost-effective approach is to add an external resistor.
Figure 33 depicts the recommended input filter design. The measured input voltage and current waveforms are
shown in Figure 34. The input voltage spike has been well damped by adding a 2-Ω resistor, while keeping the
capacitance low.
VIN

2W
(0.5 W, 1210 anti-surge)

2.2 mF
(25 V, 1210)

VPVCC

Rext

C1

C2

0.1 mF
(50 V, 0805, very close to PVCC)

Figure 33. Recommended Input Filter Design

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Figure 34. Adapter DC Side Hot Plug-In Test Waveforms

26

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PCB Layout Design Guideline
1. It is critical that the exposed power pad on the backside of the IC package be soldered to the PCB ground.
Ensure that there are sufficient thermal vias directly under the IC, connecting to the ground plane on the
other layers.
2. The control stage and the power stage should be routed separately. At each layer, the signal ground and the
power ground are connected only at the power pad.
3. The AC current-sense resistor must be connected to ACP (pin 3) and ACN (pin 2) with a Kelvin contact. The
area of this loop must be minimized. An additional 0.1 µF decoupling capacitor for ACN is required to further
reduce the noise. The decoupling capacitors for these pins should be placed as close to the IC as possible.
4. The charge-current sense resistor must be connected to SRP (pin 19), SRN (pin 18) with a Kelvin contact.
The area of this loop must be minimized. An additional 0.1 µF decoupling capacitor for SRN is required to
further reduce the noise. The decoupling capacitors for these pins should be placed as close to the IC as
possible.
5. Decoupling capacitors for PVCC (pin 28), VREF (pin 10), REGN (pin 24) should be placed underneath the IC
(on the bottom layer) with the interconnections to the IC as short as possible.
6. Decoupling capacitors for BAT (pin 17), IADAPT (pin 15) must be placed close to the corresponding IC pins
with the interconnections to the IC as short as possible.
7. Decoupling capacitor CX for the charger input must be placed close to the Q4 drain and Q5 source.
Figure 35 shows the recommended component placement with trace and via locations. For the QFN information,
see the SCBA017 and SLUA271 documents.

(a) Top Layer

(b) Bottom Layer

Figure 35. Layout Example

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11-Apr-2013

PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device

Status
(1)

Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty

Eco Plan

Lead/Ball Finish

(2)

MSL Peak Temp

Op Temp (°C)

Top-Side Markings

(3)

(4)

BQ24740RHDR

PREVIEW

VQFN

RHD

28

Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)

CU NIPDAU

Level-2-260C-1 YEAR

-40 to 85

BQ
24740

BQ24740RHDRG4

PREVIEW

VQFN

RHD

28

Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)

CU NIPDAU

Level-2-260C-1 YEAR

-40 to 85

BQ
24740

BQ24740RHDT

PREVIEW

VQFN

RHD

28

Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)

CU NIPDAU

Level-2-260C-1 YEAR

-40 to 85

BQ
24740

BQ24740RHDTG4

PREVIEW

VQFN

RHD

28

Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)

CU NIPDAU

Level-2-260C-1 YEAR

-40 to 85

BQ
24740

(1)

The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)

Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3)

MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.

(4)

Multiple Top-Side Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Top-Side Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a
continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Top-Side Marking for that device.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
Addendum-Page 1

Samples

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11-Apr-2013

Addendum-Page 2

PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com

24-Apr-2013

TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION

*All dimensions are nominal

Device

Package Package Pins
Type Drawing

SPQ

Reel
Reel
A0
Diameter Width (mm)
(mm) W1 (mm)

B0
(mm)

K0
(mm)

P1
(mm)

W
Pin1
(mm) Quadrant

BQ24740RHDR

VQFN

RHD

28

0

330.0

12.4

5.3

5.3

1.5

8.0

12.0

Q2

BQ24740RHDT

VQFN

RHD

28

0

180.0

12.4

5.3

5.3

1.5

8.0

12.0

Q2

Pack Materials-Page 1

PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com

24-Apr-2013

*All dimensions are nominal

Device

Package Type

Package Drawing

Pins

SPQ

Length (mm)

Width (mm)

Height (mm)

BQ24740RHDR

VQFN

RHD

28

0

367.0

367.0

35.0

BQ24740RHDT

VQFN

RHD

28

0

210.0

185.0

35.0

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